Annual Report 2013 - Karolinska Institutet

Transcription

Annual Report 2013
A medical university
(Dnr 1-583/2013)
Karolinska Institutet is one of the world’s leading medical universities.
Its mission is to contribute to the improvement of human health through
research and education. Karolinska Institutet accounts for over 40 per cent
of the medical academic research conducted in Sweden and offers the
country´s broadest range of education in medicine and health sciences.
Since 1901 the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet has selected the
Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine.
COVER PHOTO
Aula Medica was officially opened in 2013, but plans for a large lecture hall at Karolinska
Institutet started far back. In 2001, Gert Wingårdh Architects won the assignment to
design a lecture hall complex for KI, but the project was put on hold due to financial
reasons. The building of Aula Medica was made possible six years later through a donation
of 350 million SEK, made by the Erling-Persson Family Foundation. The construction
started in September 2010 and the building was completed in June 2013. Aula Medica
consists of an auditorium called Erling Perssonsalen with capacity for 1,000 people,
offices for about 100 people, 100 conference seats, restaurants, a faculty club and a café.
Photo: Ylva Sundgren
A MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
VICE-CHANCELLOR’S STATEMENT
Vision and overall objectives
Photo: Ylva Sundgren
Following my first year as Vice-Chancellor of Karolinska
Institutet (KI), I am convinced that we can make a vital contribution to improving human health. However, this vision can
only be realised if KI’s research achieves scientific breakthroughs and results in discoveries that change our view of not
only health and disease, but also normal vital processes. It is
important that as many of the results of our research as possible
have practical applications in healthcare and that they lead to
innovations. The objective of our study programmes is to provide students with the best possible preparation to critically
assess and continually incorporate new knowledge into their
professional practice so that they are able to lead and develop
their work in collaboration with other professions and disciplines.
Strong international position
KI is one of the world’s leading medical universities, which
has recently been recognised in two international rankings of
universities and university colleges. Our university has favourable financial resources at its disposal and modern, growing
infrastructure at the forefront of technology. We have benefited from a positive research policy climate in Sweden, strong
growth, a successful fundraising campaign, robust infrastructure and an increase in industrial collaboration.
Ahead of 2013, three key issues concerning KI’s development
and future were identified: to strengthen KI’s position as a leading
international research university, to improve the quality of its
study programmes and develop its collaboration with healthcare.
Research initiatives
A specific initiative has been launched to recruit additional
leading international professors and visiting professors, as a
complement to the corresponding initiative from the Swedish
Research Council. One of our goals is to increase the proportion
of female professors as soon as possible, and to this end support
is now paid to departments that recruit women as professors
and visiting professors. We are also concentrating on the recruitment of exceptionally promising young researchers. Central
funding has also been set aside for new postdoctoral research
fellows and researchers with the aim of strengthening the career
structure for junior researchers.
The quality and research basis of our
study programmes
This year, a wide-ranging investigation has been set up, under
the leadership of the Pro-Vice-Chancellor, into the quality and
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2013
Chancellor Anders Hamsten in Karolinska Institutet’s Aula Medica,
which was inaugurated on 11 October 2013. The Aula building was
realised thanks to a donation from the Erling-Persson Family
Foundation and was given its unique character by the architect
Gert Wingårdh.
research basis of our study programmes. If we are to raise the
quality of our Bachelor’s and Master’s study programmes, we
must improve these links as well as the organisation and incentive
structure. The main questions are how to establish an effective
connection between research and education that is educationally
enriching, how to achieve an optimal education organisation that
clarifies the departments’ educational responsibilities, and how
the government appropriation can be used to secure the research
basis of our study programmes and our subject expertise, and to
enable the creation of attractive posts and career paths for teachers.
The investigation presents a number of proposals for
strengthening KI in these respects and my intention is to ensure
that many of the proposed measures start delivering results this
year. When our students leave KI, we want them to have received
the best possible preparation for their continuing professional
development in a quickly-changing labour market.
University healthcare
In our increasingly fragmented healthcare landscape, it is imperative that research and education has full access to wellorganised, high-quality healthcare. Consequently, the development of KI’s strategy for collaboration with the healthcare
sector was given high priority over the past year. Two particularly important issues involved establishing the content of our
activities in the new Karolinska University Hospital and setting
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the criteria for university healthcare (i.e. the part of the healthcare system in which KI places both research and education).
Furthermore, KI has pushed for the development of value-based
healthcare, in which the value of care to the patient is measured and
rewarded in ways that support innovation, quality and sound
nursing practices. We have also helped to establish an effective,
quality-assured medical information service and to devise
quality-promoting remuneration systems.
A specific Deputy Vice-Chancellor post has been created
to further strengthen KI’s representation in collaborations on
future healthcare provision.
Corporate alliances
The global pharmaceutical industry has dramatically changed its
strategic course and is now looking across a broad front for closer
collaborative ties with, in particular, the medical faculties. Success
in such collaboration is dependent on the university taking an
active role in converting the results of research into practical
applications; the ability to innovate grows in significance. In 2013,
KI entered into an agreement with AstraZeneca to build a unique
joint research centre for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases,
which will be located in KI’s southern campus. Researchers from KI
will work side by side with colleagues from AstraZeneca under the
leadership of a joint director appointed by KI. The agreement sets
a budget of approximately SEK 650 million over a five-year period.
Aula Medica, Gamma and the
Widerström Building
An historic event took place on 11 October with the ceremonial opening of Aula Medica. With its large lecture theatre and
spacious stairwells and lobbies, Aula Medica is a functional and
stimulating meeting place for science, debate and academic
ceremonies. It is hoped that the beautiful, open design of the
auditorium will inspire innovative ideas and discussions that
challenge the prevailing scientific paradigms.
Also opened in 2013 were the Gamma block, which has
enabled the expansion of SciLifeLab and accommodates our
commercial activities, and the Widerstöm Building, home to the
Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics
and the Department of Public Health Sciences.
Donations
KI received a number of donations in 2013, which have made
vital contributions to our research. I would like to extend my
particular gratitude to the following:
• Karin and Sten Mörtstedt (CBD Solutions AB), allergy research
• The Bertil Hållsten Research Foundation, Hållsten Academy
Fellows
• Mattias and Sonia Westman, research and development in
cognitive neuroscience
• Investor, professorship in innovative health and social care
• Märit and Hans Rausing, breast cancer research as part of the
KARMA project
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• The Einhorn Family Foundation, research collaboration with
Makerere University, Uganda
• Gunnar and Ingmar Jungner’s Foundation, the AMORIS project.
Need for new powers of decision-making
The ministerial memo concerning the introduction of a new
academic organisational form – the University Foundation –
was the cause of much lively debate in the autumn of 2013.
KI appreciates the government’s intention to increase the
autonomy of educational institutions and specifically emphasised
in our statement of opinion the areas in which changes would
significantly affect our international competitiveness.
These areas include KI’s opportunity to:
• accept and freely utilise donated funds,
• build up equity,
• own, acquire and dispose of its own companies, and create
foundations,
• own, acquire and dispose of real estate,
• establish and run international operations,
• be allowed to use a certain proportion of the research
appropriation for activities that promote innovation,
• provide a certain degree of healthcare in order to create
specific education- and research-intensive environments.
Strategy 2018
The work to produce our strategy for the period 2014–2018
began in the autumn. In this document, we uphold the overall
objectives for KI’s research and education and the fundamental
aspects of the strategies that have been chosen to achieve these
objectives. A critically important choice is whether KI will seriously endeavour to improve its international competitiveness
in terms of cutting-edge research, recruitment, large grants and
its ability to attract infrastructure investments. Consequently,
the focus is placed on recruitment and career development,
the internal allocation of resources and incentive structures,
organisation and leadership, infrastructure, university healthcare, international, national and industrial collaboration and
innovations.
Great challenges – and opportunities – lie ahead of us. We still
seek effective preventive measures for the disabling, prevalent
diseases, methods of their early diagnosis, and knowledge of
their innermost molecular mechanisms – this last being essential for individualised and thus more effective and, hopefully,
curative treatment. Success in tackling these challenges will
require scientific breakthroughs made by enthusiastic, creative,
brilliant and hardworking colleagues. I have high expectations
for the future of KI and would like to thank all of our staff and
students for the sterling efforts they have made over the past year.
Anders Hamsten
A WORD FROM THE STUDENTS
Erik Hellsing,
President, Medical Students’ Association in
Stockholm 2013
and the self-evaluations conducted prior to the Swedish Higher
Education Authority’s reviews, provided a good picture of the
programme’s strengths and opportunities for improvement. In
the future, the student unions will, together with KI, actively use
these evaluations to improve courses and educational programmes at KI.
Internationalisation has also been an important topic this
past year. The work that has begun to increase the internationalisation of educational programmes and the plans to build
housing for international students, are important first steps in
encouraging students from all over the world to choose KI
over other top universities. However, the student unions see
that further vigorous efforts to improve quality of educational
programmes and the educational environment must be made in
order to maintain and develop KI’s status as an internationally
competitive university.
The participation of the student unions in the processes
relating to the continual monitoring of courses and educational
programmes and student representation at KI highlights topical
issues and makes them accessible to all students. This not only
increases the quality of the end-product, but also gives the students a greater involvement in KI as they have a hand in shaping
the KI that they themselves will work in or with in the future,
when today’s students become the health care professionals of
the future.
Photo: Fredrik Pajala
Photo: Ulf Sirborn
In 2013, the collaboration between the student unions, the
Medical Students’ Association in Stockholm (MF) and the
Student Union of Odontology (OF), and KI increased, a collaboration which all benefited from. MF and OF were given the task
of welcoming the new Vice-Chancellor with a film at his installation ceremony. The message, an increased focus on quality of
education, student housing and campus issues, was submitted to
the new management, with the unexpected side benefit of improved interactions between the student unions. Furthermore,
increased cooperation with KI was intensified by means of a
more comprehensive approach to the reception of new students.
MF and OF therefore hope, that the future holds an even closer
cooperation with KI on student and campus issues.
The past year was one in which several organisational issues
were brought up for discussion. The government’s proposal
concerning university college foundations called for profound
discussions in KI’s board and senior management concerning
KI’s future organisational structure. The executive group also
began working on a vision for KI for the period up to 2018.
This work which continues into 2014 and will then be merged
with the project looking at the educational programmes’ quality
and their links to research. In the discussions concerning KI
organisational structure, the size of KI’s range of courses and
educational programmes has also been high on the agenda. The
analyses of the programmes, combined with the question of size
Hampus Eksell,
President, Student Union of Odontology 2013
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ANNUAL REPORT 2013
VICE-CHANCELLOR’S STATEMENT . . ........................................................................................................................................ 3
A WORD FROM THE STUDENTS . . ............................................................................................................................................ 5
ABOUT KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET.......................................................................................................................................... 8
BACHELOR’S (FIRST-CYCLE) AND MASTER’S (SECOND-CYCLE) EDUCATION. . .............................................................. 11
DOCTORAL ( THIRD-CYCLE) EDUCATION............................................................................................................................ 21
RESEARCH. . ............................................................................................................................................................................... 25
KI IN SOCIETY – COLLABORATION AND INNOVATION. . .................................................................................................. 35
COMMON TO THE ENTIRE ORGANISATION
Provision of expertise and equal opportunities................................................................................................................................................. 41
Infrastructure................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 45
Sustainable development.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 46
FINANCIAL REPORT................................................................................................................................................................ 47
Notes................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 61
INTERNAL CONTROL.............................................................................................................................................................. 71
THE UNIVERSITY BOARD.. ...................................................................................................................................................... 72
KEY INDICATORS..................................................................................................................................................................... 76
APPENDIX COSTS.................................................................................................................................................................... 77
TABLES APPENDIX................................................................................................................................................................... 79
Figures in the tables provided in this annual report have been rounded up, so that the totals, etc., do not appear consistent.
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KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET IN BRIEF
Karolinska Institutet (KI) is a modern medical university that
is responsible for about 40 per cent of the academic medical
research in Sweden and which has the largest range of medical
courses and study programmes in the country. KI’s close connections with healthcare, extensive infrastructure and strong
finances allow KI to conduct education and research of the
highest quality.
A compilation of factual information about KI is provided in the
section Key Indicators.
KI’s commission and governance
KI’s commission has its basis in the Higher Education Act,
which states that the university’s role is to offer courses and
study programmes based on research and proven experience
and to conduct research and development. The university is also
required to collaborate with society at large and disseminate
information about its activities. The following performance
report is based on the university’s commission as set out by the
Government in the Higher Education Act and the public service
agreement.
Academic freedom, firmly established in law, provides
extensive space for independent research and education. KI has
only one faculty, medicine. New procedural regulations for KI,
stipulating the overall organisational structure, how decision
making powers are delegated, how cases are managed and the
shape of other activities, have been drawn up and come into
force on 1 January 2014. KI’s governance model means that the
Board make budget decisions concerning the organisation as
a whole and the Vice-Chancellor then makes decisions about
further allocation of resources and annual duties based on the
strategies and focus areas that have been adopted.
In financial year 2013, KI has begun the work to shape
Strategy 2018, which will be settled in spring 2014. The strategy
builds on previous strategy documents and aims to clarify the
key questions and challenges that will be of significance to
sustainability, continuity and renewal.
Organisation
Karolinska Institutet’s structure 2013
THE UNIVERSITY BOARD
Internal Audit
VICE-CHANCELLOR
Board of Higher Education
University Administration
Board of
Doctoral Education
University Library
Board of Research
Comparative medicine
Councils and Committees
KI Holding AB
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology
Department of Clinical Neuroscience
Department of Clinical Science and Education, Söder Hospital
Department of Clinical Science, Danderyd Hospital
Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology
Department of Dental Medicine
Department of Environmental Medicine
Department of Laboratory Medicine
Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics
Department of Medicine, Huddinge
Department of Medicine, Solna
Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery
Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society
Department of Neuroscience
Department of Oncology-Pathology
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology
Department of Public Health Sciences
Department of Woman and Child Health
Research and education is conducted primarily at the campuses
in Solna and Huddinge. Karolinska University Hospital is connected to the campuses and has a vital role in clinical research
and education. Collaboration also takes place with other hospitals
in the local area.
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Karolinska Institutet carries out its research
and education at several campus areas and
at a number of the county hospitals. The
majority of students are given most of their
education at the campus in Huddinge.
Campus Solna
1,709 FTE students
1,634 million SEK for research
1,990 FTE employees
Campus Huddinge and
Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge
3,074 FTE students
904 million SEK for research
1,081 FTE employees
Danderyd Hospital
241 FTE students
22 FTE employees
Söder Hospital
186 full-year students
41 FTE employees
Karolinska University Hospital, Solna
756 FTE students
1,280 million SEK for research
1,149 FTE employees
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Photo: Ulf Sirborn
New management. Vice-Chancellor Anders Hamsten, Pro-Vice-Chancellor Kerstin Tham and University Director Per Bengtsson.
Per Bengtsson assumed his duties on 1 January 2014. In 2013 Bengt Norrving was University Director.
Infrastructure
Together with Akademiska Hus, KI is undertaking a huge
investment in new buildings and modern premises in order
to better meet the needs of research and education. When
the plans for Hagastaden and a new, ultra-modern university
hospital took shape, this became an opportunity for KI to
realise its plans for the Campus Solna. It is important, not least,
to benefit from the collaboration and efficiency opportunities
offered by the new university hospital. The hospital becomes
the university’s closest neighbour in Solna and the plan is to
link the hospital building to university buildings including Aula
Medica, which was completed in 2013, and the future research
laboratory Biomedicum. The infrastructure will provide better
conditions for modern medical research, which requires, to an
ever greater extent, access to expensive, advanced equipment.
This should be accessible to many researchers and shared to
make it cost-effective.
Quality assurance
Constantly improvement is the basis of the work to raise quality
at KI. A prerequisite for success is to integrate this work into
day-to-day activities. Quality requirements are set out in various
policy and strategy documents.
This year, a wide-ranging investigation into the study
programmes’ quality and research basis has been set up. The
main issues under consideration have been a more effective
connection between research and education that enriches study
programmes, with an optimised educational organisation and
use of Direct government funding. The investigations proposals
will be considered over the course of 2014.
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The ongoing work with internationalisation activities within KI
is of key significance for quality assurance and to strengthen the
position as a leading international research university.
The measures are aimed at improving quality, competitiveness
and diversity in research, education and administration. KI has
a long-established tradition of international connections and
academic exchanges with researchers, teachers and students.
Innovation and collaboration
KI has been developing an innovation system for several years
in order to ensure that health and medical care reaps the benefits of medical and health innovations. The innovation system
currently consists of several stakeholders providing services that
all aim to realise the benefits of ideas generated from research.
KI has collaborative research and education agreements with
a range of prominent universities from around the world and
also works with companies in the biomedical and biotechnology
sectors, as well as directly with individual countries.
As a medical university, it is very important for KI to collaborate with health and medical care, in particular with Stockholm County Council (SCC). Our shared objective is to conduct
research and education of an internationally high standard for
the benefit of current and future patients. This is done through
the continual professional development of healthcare staff and
the implementation of the results of research. Decisions are
made on overall strategies for education, research and infrastructure in joint steering groups in order to make the
KI/SCC collaboration effective.
KI is developing tests for pharmaceuticals and medical products together with the industry.
ETT MEDICINSKT UNIVERSITET
On the way to lectures. Students pass through the so-called Winter
Garden between the Jöns Jacob restaurant and the Karolinska Institutet
University Library at the campus in Solna. In the background, the “small
cottages” are visible – seminar rooms which give students a greater
opportunity to study individually and in groups.
BACHELOR’S AND MASTER’S EDUCATION
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Photo: Andreas Beronius
BACHELOR’S (FIRST-CYCLE) AND
MASTER’S (SECOND-CYCLE) EDUCATION
BACHELOR’S (FIRST-CYCLE) AND
MASTER’S (SECOND-CYCLE) EDUCATION
Range of courses and study programmes
Karolinska Institutet (KI) offers a wide range of courses and
study programmes in medicine and healthcare. This wide range
is unique in Sweden.
This year, KI offered over 40 study programmes and around
80 freestanding courses at Bachelor’s (first-cycle) and Master’s
(second-cycle) level. The range is weighted towards study
programmes that lead to a professional qualification as well as
continuing education for those who already have an education
within healthcare.
KI aims to offer an increased proportion of Master’s courses
and study programmes in subjects linked to the university’s
strong research areas. All courses and study programmes,
regardless of their level, must have a distinct research basis in
order to provide the prerequisites of evidence-based practice.
According to current labour market forecasts for the years
ahead, there will be a great demand for the professions educated at
KI. There is also a great need for continuing professional development for various healthcare professions. KI works together with
healthcare and other employers when planning the range of courses
and study programmes and when deciding on their content.
In recent years, work on the range of courses and study programmes has focused on long-term adaptation to the funding cap. For
example, KI has phased out two beginner’s study programmes
and reduced the number of freestanding courses. Furthermore,
KI has worked to create economic conditions that are favourable
to its role of delivering high quality education. Consequently, KI
has reduced the number of programmes that do not have admissions each academic year. There have been few new initiatives this
year, but the new master’s programme Public Health in Disasters,
which is an Erasmus Mundus programme, has begun (see also
the section Internationalisation).
KI’s study programmes are primarily campus based, with the
exception of certain specialist nursing programmes, while freestanding courses are more often offered as distance education.
According to the public service agreement, KI must organise
professional status qualification courses for unregistered opticians. KI assessed that there was no identifiable need to start such a
course in 2013.
The tables below show the distribution of full-time equivalent
students (FTEs) between study programmes and freestanding
courses and between the Bachelor’s and Master’s education.
Distribution between programmes that lead to professional qualifications, programmes that lead to general
qualifications and freestanding courses 2010–2013
2010
2011
2012
2013
FTEs
%
FTEs
%
FTEs
%
FTEs
%
General qualification – Bachelor’s
264
5
248
4
211
4
197
3
General qualification – Master’s
393
7
443
8
424
7
417
7
3,726
67
3,832
66
3,976
68
4,334
72
Professional qualification – continuation
566
10
582
10
573
10
580
10
Freestanding courses
575
11
709
12
701
12
488
8
5,524
100
5,815
100
5,885
100
6,014
100
Professional qualification – beginner
Total
Distribution of courses between Bachelor’s and Master’s education 2010–2013
2010
2011
2012
2013
FTEs
%
FTEs
%
FTEs
%
FTEs
%
Bachelor’s
3,423
62
3,480
60
3,554
60
3,701
61
Master’s
2,035
37
2,289
39
2,290
39
2,267
38
Unclassified
Total
66
1
46
1
41
1
47
1
5,524
100
5,815
100
5,885
100
6 ,014
100
Source: Ladok.
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Students
Number of applicants per place by programme type (qualified first-choice applicants)
2010
Places
2011
Applicants/
Places
place
Beginners
Continuation (excl. Master’s)
Master’s
Total
2012
Applicants/
Places
place
2013
Applicants/
Places
place
Applicants/
place
1,142
5,1
1,297
4,6
1,245
4,9
1,238
5,4
511
2,9
618
3,1
674
2,8
674
2,8
334
2,9
362
1,9
325
2,3
385
2,4
2,087
4,1
2,277
3,8
2,244
3,9
2,297
4,2
Source: VHS, NyA, Open.
Applicants
Student influence
KI’s study programmes generally have a high acceptance ratio
and it has increased compared to 2012. The number of qualified
first-choice applicants increased for the majority of study
programmes. The total increase was nine per cent. The majority
of KI’s study programmes have more than two qualified firstchoice applicants per place. The number of qualified first-choice
applicants for the psychology programme increase by 43 per
cent – to 9.4 applicants per place. Among the Master’s study
programmes, a continued increase in the number of applicants
for master’s programmes in English can be noted.
The students’ participation is an important condition of KI’s
development. Students at all levels have the opportunity to exert
their influence in KI’s planning and decision-making bodies.
In order to increase the student influence further, KI has established a special collaborative group consisting of student representatives and KI’s executive management. The group meets
regularly.
To achieve a quorum, bodies that have a direct responsibility
for educational matters must have at least one student representative present, provided one has been appointed.
KI organises annual training for students active in KI’s planning and decision-making bodies. Students are educated on
applicable laws and provisions as well as on KI’s organisational
and decision-making structure. KI has an agreement with the
two student unions at the university regarding their responsibility for student influence and educational monitoring.
KI provides financial support for this, as well as for the students’
ombudsmen.
In 2013, 63 per cent of student representatives in decisionmaking bodies (KI’s Board, the internal executive boards and
programme committees) were women, an increase of five
percentage points compared with 2012. Seventy-three per cent
of the student body are women.
Widening participation
KI’s efforts to widen its recruitment involves both recruiting
new groups of students and creating good study conditions for
those who are already studying at the university.
In 2013, KI offered students individual supervision in academic writing in Swedish. In a pilot project, KI has also offered
language supervision in English. Students have the opportunity
to receive this supervision both on campus and remotely.
KI organised a series of seminars on academic writing.
The number of study programmes taking advantage of these
seminars has increased compared to the previous year.
As one method of widening its participation, KI uses student
ambassadors who visit upper secondary schools in Stockholm
County to present KI. KI strives for as diverse a group of
ambassadors as possible, both in terms of gender and ethnicity.
Inspirational lectures and study visits have been undertaken at
the three upper secondary schools that KI cooperates with in
Huddinge, Solna and Tensta. Another important part of efforts
to widening participation is that KI offers prospective students
the opportunity to ”shadow a student”.
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Education
Full-time equivalent students (FTEs) and annual
performance equivalents (APEs)
In 2013, the number of FTE students within the framework of
the funding cap was 5,885 and the number of APEs 5,307.
This is an increase in the numbers of both FTEs and APEs
compared with 2012.
This result is higher than predicted, mainly due to the
completion rate being higher than estimated. The result for 2013
was SEK 30.4 million above the funding cap (direct government
funding for Bachelor’s and Master’s education) after remuneration for APEs from December 2012.
Each programme’s share of the total number of FTEs is illustrated in the diagram below. The number of FTEs and APEs in the
various programmes is shown in Table 4 of the Tables Appendix.
FTE students at KI in 2013 (total 5,885)
Freestanding courses 8 %
FTE students in the study programme in
medicine and the study programme in
dentistry
According to the public service agreement, KI must report the
total number of FTE students on the study programmes in both
medicine and dentistry. This information appears in the table
below. Table 3 in the Tables Appendix shows how the number of
FTEs has changed over time.
Total number of FTE students on the Study
Programme in Medicine and the Study
Programme in Dentistry
2013
Study Programme in Medicine
1,591
Study Programme in Dentistry
412
Source: Ladok.
Master programmes 7 %
Medicine 26 %
Other continuation
programmes 2 %
Specialist nursing
(continuation) 8 %
Biomedical
lab science 3 %
Physiotherapy 6 %
Other beginner’s
programmes 11 %
Nursing 13 %
KI’s study programme in psychology started in the autumn
semester of 2007 with 40 places through the reallocation of
resources. KI has gradually been allocated 30 Bachelor’s places
via public service agreement and the programme thus has 70
places. In the autumn semester of 2013, 85 students were registered for semester 1.
Degrees
Occupational therapy 4 %
Dentistry 7 %
Admissions to the study programme in
psychology
Psychology 5 %
Source: Ladok.
The estimated remuneration for the year’s activities amounts to
SEK 631.1 million after remuneration of the performances from
December 2012 of SEK 2.2 million, SEK 633.4 million is debited
from the direct government funding for 2013. This results in
an direct government funding saving of SEK 19.4 million being
carried forward.
Remuneration for FTEs and APEs within the
funding cap 2010–2013* (SEK millions)
2010
2011
2012
2013
Funding cap
619,4
616,1
589,2
603,0
Remuneration
553,8
588,0
599,0
633,4
Under/over funding cap
-65,7
-28,2
11,2
30,4
The total number of degrees awarded has increased compared
with 2012. The increase is due to factors including a reduction
in the effect of the cancelled admissions to the study programme
in nursing as the first intake from the new study programme
took their degrees this year. This has an impact on the number
of degrees of bachelor of science in nursing and degrees of
bachelor of nursing. The number of master’s degrees has increased
by 86 per cent due to the specialist study programme in nursing
programme at KI now leading to a general qualification as well
as a professional qualification. The number of degrees awarded
is shown in Table 5 in the Tables Appendix.
Some of KI’s study programmes lead to both a general and a
professional qualification. The number of individuals who have
achieved degrees is thus lower than the total number of degrees
awarded.
* Including supplementary direct government funding for the period
2010–2011.
Sources: Ladok, public service agreement.
14
Photo:Ulf Sirborn
Graduation ceremony. Vice-Chancellor Anders Hamsten congratulates students who recently graduated from the study programme in
medicine, at a graduation ceremony in January 2014. This was the first graduation ceremony to be held in the Erling Persson auditorium
in Aula Medica, inaugurated in October 2013.
Revenue from commissions distributed by source of funding 2013
Number of degrees awarded 2010–2013
Degree
2010
2011
2012
2013
Professional
qualifications
1,416
1,466
1,223
1,256
728
773
655
891
Total number of
degrees
2,144
2,239
1,878
2,147
Total number of
individuals
1,786
1,888
1,668
1,758
General qualifications
Source: Ladok.
Foreign 10 %
Swedish companies 11 %
Other government
agencies 27 %
Organisations and
foundations 3%
Higher education
institutions12 %
Commissions
KI’s commissions consists of contract education and contracted
courses. Revenue from commissions amounted to SEK 61.4 million in 2013, a decrease of 12.3 percent on the figure for 2012. One
explanation for this reduction is the end of the Swedish National
Board of Health and Welfare’s investment in psychiatry in 2012.
Source: Agresso. Contract education.
County councils and
municipalities 37 %
15
Student exchanges 2013
Number of incoming
students to Karolinska Institutet
Number of outgoing students
from Karolinska Institutet
ASIA
NORTH AMERICA
EUROPE
22
194
74
17
41
6
15
12
AFRICA
SOUTH AMERICA
4
7
26
Internationalisation
Internationalisation of KI’s courses and study programmes
at the Bachelor’s and Master’s level education is conducted
in accordance with an established action plan. The goal is for
KI graduates to have the ability to work in both multicultural
environments and an international labour market with varying
economic and social conditions. KI should also be an attractive
study destination for international students.
KI strives to increase teacher exchange and has thus
introduced temporary grants for week-long exchanges to
countries where there is a lack of external funding. In future,
the Linnaeus-Palme Programme will also contribute to more
extensive teacher exchange on the condition that applications
are approved.
It is gratifying that the number of teachers interested in exchange opportunities have increased compared with 2012, from
23 to 30.
KI currently participates in three Erasmus Mundus programmes, focusing on India, South Africa and Europe. Erasmus
Mundus is an EU-funded mobility and academic cooperation
programme run by consortia. In 2013, KI was granted funding
16
20
OCEANIA
for the master’s programme Public Health in Disasters, together
with the University of Oviedo, Spain and Université Catholique
de Louvain, Belgium. The programme began in autumn 2013
and will lead to a joint degree awarded by KI and the University
of Oviedo.
KI has continued to arrange information meetings about
teacher and student exchanges, social activities for participating
teachers and students and courses on teaching in English.
The number of outgoing exchange students from KI has increased compared with 2012. The study programme in medicine
is responsible for the largest increase. In addition, a number of
KI students complete part of their degree project abroad each
year, outside of exchange programmes. Students who participate
in international courses such as Global Health and Medical
Development in Europe and the EU also undertake part of their
education abroad.
Compared to recent years there is a net reduction in exchange students, due to fewer incoming students from abroad.
The largest reduction is in the number of students from Europe
coming to KI. Table 6 in the Tables Appendix shows how student exchange has changed in recent years.
Tuition fees for students from a third country
KI had a total of 94 fee-paying students in 2013. This year, KI
offered seven master’s programmes and a number of freestanding courses taught in English on which tuition fees were
payable.
Thirty-seven new fee-paying students were registered on KI’s
master’s programmes in the autumn semester of 2013. Fifteen
of these had a full scholarship. In addition, ten students were
registered on freestanding courses. Finally, eight students were
admitted to the master’s programme Public Health in Disasters.
These students’ will commence their studies at KI in the spring
semester of 2014. The total number of FTE students amounted
to 51 and the number of APEs to 50 in 2013.
KI demonstrates continuing strong results in the International Student Barometer 2012/13, which measures students’
satisfaction with the quality of their education and reception
services. The investments that KI has made as part of its tuition
fee-funded operations – e.g. the development of an English
language website – benefit all of the university’s internationalisation efforts and educational activities. Tuition-fee funded
operations involve a certain increase in administration. The cost
of this is funded by the tuition fees.
In 2013, KI had 75 third-country students within the scope
of exchange agreements, compared with 80 students the previous year. Because of the introduction of tuition fees, no new
strategic agreements have been signed with universities outside
the EU/EEA area. Collaboration with the Swedish Migration
Board has been satisfactory, with the exception of a few cases
where the third-country student’s residence permit was delayed
despite having paid the tuition fee. There has also been a lack of
clarity concerning residence permits for students who have been
admitted to courses that are worth less than 30 credits.
The proportion of third-country students in semester 1 of
master’s programmes taught in English has increased compared
with 2012 and operations funded by tuition fees have generated a
surplus for the first time. This is mainly due to an increase in the
number of fee-paying students. See tables below.
Third-country students in semester 1 of master’s
programmes taught in English 2011–2013
2011
Proportion registered (%)
14,3
2012
15,1
2013
21,5
Source: Ladok.
Quality
Investigation of study programme’s quality and
research basis
Over the course of the year, KI has investigated how the quality
of study programmes can be improved. The investigation looks
at issues concerning how KI can create an enriched connection between research and education, make posts attractive to
teachers and optimise the organisation of study programmes.
The final report, containing proposed measures, is presented at
the beginning of 2014.
Review of degree project courses and degree projects
In 2012, KI initiated a review of degree project courses in order
to ensure that the degree projects undertaken by KI’s students
maintain a satisfactory and consistent standard. The results were
presented in January 2013. A total of 56 degree project course
syllabi were reviewed in the first phase of the project. The syllabi
were reviewed in relation to the objectives in the Higher Education Ordinance. Eighteen per cent of the syllabi were judged
to conform strongly to the objectives in the Higher Education
Ordinance, 41 per cent had both strong and insufficient conformity and 41 per cent insufficient conformity.
Ninety-four randomly selected degree projects were reviewed
in the second phase of the project. The assessment used the
criteria for the review of degree projects at KI, complemented by
the objectives for the assessment of possible fulfilment of degree
project objectives. Fifty-one per cent of the degree projects were
judged to be of a high quality, and 49 per cent of an insufficient
quality.
The management of the departments has been informed of
the results and have been challenged to revise the affected course syllabi. In cases where the degree projects themselves have
been judged to be weak, the departments have been challenged
to make changes to, for example, how students are supervised.
The Swedish Higher Education Authority’s
evaluations
In spring 2013, the Swedish Higher Education Authority
reviewed about 30 degrees awarded by KI. The reviews covered
degrees including Bachelor of Science in Nursing, Bachelor’s
and Master’s degrees in nursing, ten specialist nursing degrees,
Master of Science in Medicine and Master of Science in Dental
Surgery. The nine degrees for which KI has received the results
so far have been judged of a high quality.
Revenue and costs for operations funded by tuition
fees 2011–2013 (SEK millions)
Revenue
2011
2012
1,7
5,7
2013
9,3
Costs
3,6
5,9
7,6
Total
-1,9
-0,2
1,7
Source: Agresso.
17
Investigation of the opportunities to coordinate and
improve anatomy teaching
Equal opportunities
In 2013, KI investigated the opportunities of establishing an
anatomy centre. The aim is to improve the quality of anatomy
teaching by increasing its clinical relevance, deepening its progression and supporting interprofessional learning in KI’s study
programmes. Another aim is to offer the county council’s staff
clinical professional training to support the work of improving
quality and patient safety in healthcare. The investigation indicates that it would be beneficial to coordinate anatomy teaching,
but certain issues must be investigated further before a final
decision can be made.
Most of KI’s Bachelor’s and Master’s programmes have a uneven
gender distribution, where men are in the minority. It is only the
study programme in medicine that has a relatively even gender
distribution. It is difficult to affect gender-linked vocational
choices; a similar pattern can be seen at other universities offering healthcare education and in the labour market the students
will encounter following graduation. In total, the changes are
small compared to 2012, but differences can be seen at the programme level. For example, the proportion of men commencing
the study programme in optometry has increased, from 15 per
cent to 25 per cent, as has the proportion of men commencing
the study programme in psychology, from 35 to 41 per cent. In
order to affect gender-linked educational choices, KI, for example,
always use representatives of both sexes in its marketing to
prospective students.
Measures to improve the quality of placements
This year, KI has worked to improve the quality of placements.
One project involves deviation reporting. Many of KI’s students’ future jobs will involve deviation reporting. Therefore, KI, in
collaboration with Stockholm County Council, is investigating
whether students can be given the opportunity to practice this
in placements. The project also aims to assure the quality of placements through offering students the opportunity to report deviations affecting planning and supervision. The project’s final report
will be published in 2014. Further information can be found
under Commission to develop clinical education and research.
Measures to improve the quality of educational
activities
Support function for educational activities and IT
In 2013, KI has coordinated its educational support functions
though the establishment of the Centre for Learning and Knowledge (CLK). The centre’s main tasks are to provide educational
support to the development of courses and study programmes and
to support the use of information and communications technology in education. It has four focus areas: learning and IT, educational
development, physical learning environments and evaluation.
Teaching courses and continuing professional development
In 2013, twelve courses in teaching and learning in higher
education took place, involving a total of about 300 teachers.
The university has also organised a teachers’ day focusing on
the development of educational IT support for teachers. One
hundred and twenty teachers, clinical supervisors and students
took part in the teachers’ day.
Online courses
In 2013, KI entered into an agreement with the international
education group edX, making it possible to offer online courses,
known as massive open online courses (MOOC), to hundreds of
thousands of students around the world. Working with edX raises
KI’s profile, contributing to an increased national and international
recruitment base. Initially, four courses will be offered by KI in
the autumn semester of 2014. One long-term goal is for the collaboration with edX to contribute to establishing KI as an institution that sets the tone of the growing global education market.
18
Gender distribution
Equal opportunities in teaching
Over the course of the year, KI has worked to improve the equal
opportunities perspective in its courses and study programmes.
Examples of areas in which equal opportunities have been dealt
with in courses and study programmes are issues concerning
the approach to patients and students’ future professional roles.
Equal opportunities are also dealt with in courses covering fields
in which there is a connection between different patient groups
and disease prevalence.
In 2013, the study programme in optometry has carried out
a project one of the aims of which is to improve students’ approach to patients and prepare them for the risk of being called
into question.
In order to improve students’ social environment in terms
of equal opportunities, the study programme in occupational
therapy has introduced a system of peer social support. The aim
is to support new students as they begin their university studies.
In addition, all new students are informed about the discrimination legislation and about the support services available
at KI. The social environment of students is monitored in the
course evaluations.
Improved knowledge and awareness among placement
supervisors is vital to promoting equal opportunities in courses
and study programmes. Therefore, KI offers its teachers and
clinical supervisors training in these issues. The university’s new
online courses in equal opportunities and discrimination have
also been used to improve knowledge among administrative
staff and teachers. KI also offers training to the students, primarily with regard to the Discrimination Act and equal opportunities perspectives in education.
Photo: Camilla Svensk
Occupational therapists in the making. Anders Nylund and Helene Gustafsson, both reading to become occupational therapists, studying
together in Karolinska Institutet’s university library in Huddinge.
Gender distribution of those commencing
Bachelor’s programmes, 2013
Gender distribution of those commencing
Master’s programmes, 2013
Occupational therapist
Midwifery
Audiology
Psychotherapy
Biomedicine
Specialist nursing
Biomedical laboratory sciences
Odontological prophylactics
Speech pathology and therapy
Master’s 1 year
Master’s 2 year
Medicine
Total
Optometry
0%
Psychology
Radiology nursing
Source: Ladok.
20%
40%
Men
60%
80%
100%
Women
Physiotherapy
Nursing
Dental hygiene
Dentistry
Total
0%
Source: Ladok.
20%
40%
Men
60%
80%
100%
Women
19
Integration
Supplementary training for doctors, nurses and
dentists from third countries
Together with the universities of Lund, Gothenburg and
Linköping, KI has been commissioned to provide supplementary training for individuals from third countries who have
completed a degree in medicine, dentistry or nursing.
KI organises study programmes that each encompass one year
of full-time studies (60 credits). The number of applicants,
registrered and graduated students, as well as the number of
full-time equivalent students in supplementary training are
shown in the Table 7 of the Tables Appendix.
20
Commission to develop clinical
education and research
In 2013, KI was allocated SEK 1.6 million for the development
of clinical education and research. KI decided to use these funds
for clinical research. In 2013, there has been a large focus on the
provision of placements as the need for placements is increasing
and it is of the utmost importance to maintain the quality of
these places. It is primarily nursing and specialist nursing programmes that have, at certain times, a hard time finding
sufficient placements. One way to create additional places of
high quality is educational continuing professional development, which is why KI have offered courses, seminars and
workshops this year.
In 2013, the efforts to produce an evaluation tool for placements resulted in a report. From the three pilot projects undertaken in 2013, it has become clear which parts of placement are
of a high standard and which need to be improved. The collaboration between universities and hospitals and the structure of
educational tasks and learning objectives are examples of areas
that need to be improved. The most important result of the pilot
studies is that high quality placements are founded on good
supervision. Consequently, a guide for supervisors has been
produced, describing the student’s path through the placement.
A further initiative aimed at improving quality is for each
student to – during the first part of their placement – undergo
an obligatory online course in journal management, approach to
patients, privacy and hygiene.
DOCTORAL EDUCATION
Pipetting in the laboratory. Ingrid Lilienthal is a doctoral student at the
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology. Lilienthal is in professor Camilla
Sjogren’s research group and is studying how cells transfer information from
one generation to the next, with a special focus on how cells repair damage that
occurs during the process.
21
Photo: Linda Lindell
DOCTORAL (THIRD-CYCLE)
EDUCATION
DOCTORAL EDUCATION
DOCTORAL (THIRD-CYCLE) EDUCATION
Doctoral (third-cycle) education is an important aspect of the
work of Karolinska Institutet (KI). KI continues working to
ensure that the best doctoral students are recruited. All doctoral
studentships where KI is the primary employer must be advertised and recruited through open competition. This takes place,
for example, through a collective advertisement four times per
year.
Interest in doctoral education at KI is high. There are an
average of 64 applications for every advertised place. However, the
number of doctoral students admitted decreased to 373 in 2013,
compared with 438 the previous year.
KI will continue to focus on research schools, particularly
those targeted at doctoral students with a clinical background. KI
has 13 research schools for doctoral students, as well as summer
research schools for upper secondary school pupils and Bachelor
students. KI has recently been awarded a grant from Vinnova,
Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems, to develop
a research school for ”drug development and discovery”. The aim
of this research school is to train the next generation of researchers
in pharmaceutical development and to promote collaboration
between the pharmaceutical industry and the university.
KI works continuously to improve the quality of doctoral
education by developing the range of courses offered through,
for example, online courses, various survey tools such as a poll
for doctoral students who have completed their midway review
and an exit poll for doctoral students when they publicly defend
their thesis. The surveys ask questions about supervision, courses,
working environment and support from departments and the university administration. In order to ensure that all doctoral students
have a good working environment, the Board of Doctoral Education has visited each of the departments over the course of 2013.
Results
Over the course of the period 2010–2013, admissions of new
research students have decreased by 17 per cent. This downward
trend has escalated in financial year 2013. The main reason
behind this reduction is the increased costs associated with
the new regulations in the Higher Education Act that students
must be funded for at least one year if they receive an educational grant and three years’ if they are employed on a doctoral
studentship. The reduction in the total number of admissions
coincides with a reduction in the proportion of women (from
62 per cent in 2010 to 55 per cent in 2013), an increase in the
proportion with foreign qualifications (from 33 per cent in 2010
to 37 per cent in 2013) and an increase in the proportion who
are young (39 per cent under 30 in 2010, 48 per cent in 2013).
The definition of an active doctoral student has changed as a result of new tools for the production of statistics. Active doctoral students in 2013 are defined as those doctoral students who at the end
of 2013 had been admitted to doctoral education, had not yet taken
their degree and had reported an activity of 10 per cent or more in
the autumn term. This new definition has also been applied to the
period 2010–2013. The new method results in a somewhat smaller
number of doctoral students than the previous method.
The date of the dissertation (or licentiate seminar) was previously used as the date of their degree. Since 1 November 2012,
doctoral students must apply for their degree and the date of
their degree is thus subsequent to the date of their dissertation.
In practice, this means that some of those who publicly defended their thesis in 2012, only received their degree certificate in
2013 and the figures that arise in the transition between the two
systems are not completely comparable. The obvious reduction
in the number of doctoral degrees awarded in 2013 thus does
not necessarily reflect a real reduction.
Doctoral education: admissions, registered students and degrees awarded 2010–2013
Doctoral admissions
– of which licentiates
_
Registered doctoral students (active >10%)
2010
2011
2012
2013
450
409
438
373
18
12
15
9
2,002
2,045
2,111
2,090
Licentiate degrees
21
14
14
12
Doctoral degrees
367
349
359
306
12
12
3
10
– of which have a licentiate degree
Source: Ladok.
22
DOCTORAL EDUCATION
Number of doctoral degrees awarded at KI 2010–2013
Costs of doctoral education
Number
The average cost of a doctoral student employed on a doctoral
studentship/educational grant has been estimated at
SEK 1,198,000, which is almost the same as the previous year.
The cost is based on various assumptions and must therefore be
regarded as approximate.
400
300
Cost per performance indicator for doctoral
students 2012–2013 (SEK thousands)
200
2012
2013
153
158
Operating costs
50
49
Premises
28
31
9
8
240
246
100
Supervision costs
Salaries
0
2010
Male
2011
2012
Female
2013
Total
Depreciation
Subtotal
Active doctoral students at KI 2010–2013
Doctoral student costs
Number
Salaries/educational grants
327
323
2 500
Operating costs
256
251
Premises
143
159
46
42
Subtotal
772
775
Indirect salary and operating costs
178
177
1,190
1,198
2 000
Depreciation
1 500
Total costs
1 000
Source: Agresso and Primula.
500
Quality
0
2010
2011
Male
2012
Female
Recruitment of doctoral students
2013
In 2013, about 30 per cent of new doctoral students were
recruited through the posts being advertised, an increase of 10
percentage points on the previous year. The average number of
applicants per advertised doctoral post was 64, with a distribution between 21 and 155.
Total
Source: Ladok.
Actual period of study 2006–2013
The actual period of study has remained for the most part
unchanged in relation to the last three years and is somewhat
above the norm for the past four years.
Year
4
3
2
1
0
2006
Source: Ladok.
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Dissertation
2013
Doctoral students’ working environment
In order to perform well, doctoral students need a good, safe
working environment. Work to improve poor environments
for doctoral education and to reduce the exposure of individual
doctoral students is ongoing. Each of the 22 departments has
been visited in 2013 to monitor them and discuss these issues.
These discussions have been deemed constructive and many
departments have either begun or intensified their efforts to
improve doctoral students’ working environments as a result.
Beginning on 1 July 2013, all doctoral students must be
offered a meeting with the department’s director of studies following the completion of their first year. The director of studies
can in this way become aware of and deal with any problems
at an early stage. In addition, this meeting allows the doctoral
student to learn about the director of studies’ role and function.
23
Photo: Ulf Sirborn
DOCTORAL EDUCATION
Researchers and doctoral students. Stefano Caramuta, postdoc, Adam Andreasson, postgraduate and Linkiat Lee, postdoc, are members
of professor Catharina Larsson’s research group at the Department of Oncology-Pathology.
Monitoring and examination
Sweden has a system in which almost all doctoral students pass
their examination. In order to ensure that all those who publicly
defend their thesis have achieved the quality objectives that
are expected, KI has developed a system for monitoring them
during their education involving, for example, the midway
review, annual monitoring and prospective review of the work
that forms part of their doctoral thesis. KI has not previously
evaluated the actual quality of the examination and thesis.
In spring 2013, an anonymous survey of members of the Examination Board was therefore conducted which included questions
about the doctoral student and the quality of the thesis. Over 60
per cent indicated that the thesis has a good or very good academic quality. Only one person was hesitant about whether it was
appropriate to award a pass to the doctoral student. One specific
area for improvement was identified as the thesis’ summary.
This year, a webinar (online seminar) has been produced to
support the doctoral degree learning objectives and to act as a
tool when examining these. This is accessible via internwebben.
New exchange agreements for doctoral students
This year, a short-term doctoral student exchange agreement was
signed between the Chinese University of Hong Kong and KI.
This agreement means that one or two doctoral students per year
from one university can spend up to six months at the other.
KI has also signed a doctoral exchange agreement with the
24
University of Helsinki. These exchanges will last for at least one
month and take place within the scope of ongoing research collaboration between the two universities.
National Institutes of Health
Since 2001, KI has had an established doctoral student collaboration in the field of neuroscience with the National Institutes of
Health (NIH) in the USA; the largest institutionalised collaboration involving doctoral education at KI. Doctoral students
divide their time between KI and the NIH and have supervisors
from both organisations. In 2013, three new doctoral students
were recruited to joint research projects.
Equal opportunities
Since 2010, a section on equal opportunities has been included
in the mandatory introduction for all newly admitted doctoral
students. Supervisor training, which is mandatory for new
supervisors, also includes courses on gender equality issues and
equal opportunities.
A large proportion of KI’s doctoral students do not speak
Swedish. Consequently, regulations and guidelines that are
important and relevant to doctoral students and supervisors are
published in both Swedish and English. A review of the information about doctoral education revealed that a large proportion is published in both languages.
Additional equal opportunities measures that affect research
and doctoral education are described in the section Continuing
Professional Development and Equal Opportunities.
RESEARCH
Microscopy. Sidney Carter-Dewey is a postdoc at the
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, where he
is in professor Camilla Sjögren’s research group.
RESEARCH
25
RESEARCH
RESEARCH
The objective is for Karolinska Institutet’s (KI’s) research to
take a leading position in Europe, with comparable activities
at leading European universities constituting a yardstick. This
ambition and the ensuing activities have been developed based
on a careful analysis of the state of research in Sweden and at KI.
A number of different initiatives have been launched.
KI has mobilised financial resources for the recruitment
of leading international professors, visiting professors and
young researchers. KI needs to have more female professors to
achieve a better gender balance and to act as role models for
young female researchers. It has been decided to provide special
activity support to departments that successfully recruit female
professors and visiting professors. One career path for young
researchers, encompassing research assistant (two years),
a further post following research assistant (two years) and a post
as researcher (five years), has been established.
Within the scope of the collaboration between KI and Stockholm County Council, research funding has been made available
for investments in high-quality basic, translational and clinical
research at Campus Huddinge. These funds must be advertised
and awarded competitively and should be used in a very forceful
way to develop research in the region. Other major issues have
been mobilisation and activities within the scope of KI’s large
infrastructure projects. KI’s strengths have been gathered
together to build trusting relationships with leading universities
around the world. Several close collaborations have been initiated with large international pharmaceutical companies.
The largest such initiative is a new cardiometabolic research
centre at KI that has been built in collaboration with AstraZeneca, who will in full fund the centre with SEK 650 million
over five years.
New research findings – some
examples
As a medical university, KI conducts research into a broad
spectrum of subjects covering all types of diseases. The research
is carried out at all levels, from purely experimental laboratory
research that maps the origin and development of diseases, to
more patient-oriented treatment research and clinical trials.
Here is a selection of new findings that have been published in
prestigious academic journals over the past year.
Cancer
An EU collaboration, led by KI, identified over 80 genetic
”spelling mistakes” that have an impact on the risk of breast,
ovarian and prostate cancer. In addition, it is possible to calculate how many other genetic variants probably have an impact on
the risks of developing these diseases and where in the genome
26
you should look in future studies (five publications in Nature
Genetics, March).
One study showed that women who are treated with radiotherapy for breast cancer have an increased risk of myocardial
infarction later in life. The risk increased most for women who
had other known heart disease risk factors such as smoking,
high BMI or diabetes (New England Journal of Medicine,
March).
The survival rate for patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma has
improved considerably in recent decades and a new study has
shown that the majority of deaths among these patients are not
now related to the disease. The huge improvement is considered
to be the result of changes to treatment, primarily the transition from radiotherapy to chemotherapy (Journal of Clinical
Oncology, February).
Surgery is the most well-established curative treatment for
oesophageal cancer, but the operation is extensive and only one
in three patients is still alive five years after their treatment.
A recent study showed that patients who undergo surgery have
a significantly higher chance of long-term survival if the operation is performed by a surgeon who often performs the same
type of operation (Journal of Clinical Oncology, January).
A method for assessing the effectiveness of breast cancer
treatment has been presented. This method involves tracking
the changes in the density of the breast – the part that is white
on a mammogram – while treatment is ongoing (Journal of
Clinical Oncology, April).
Every year, about 700 teenagers in Sweden lose a parent to
cancer. A study of children’s experiences of healthcare showed
that their confidence that their parent had received the best possible care was highest in cases where the family had taken part
in an informative discussion prior to death (Journal of Clinical
Oncology, July).
Obesity
As part of an international research consortium, it has been
demonstrated that obesity is itself the cause of cardiovascular
and metabolic diseases, and not just a marker of another underlying cause (PLoS Medicine, June).
Studies of overweight and obese women showed that their
children have an increased risk of being born prematurely
(Journal of the American Medical Association, June) and that
this increased risk persists, even after the mother has undergone
obesity surgery (British Medical Journal, November).
Heart disease
A Swedish study showed that patients with heart failure have a
high mortality rate and are often not treated sufficiently. It was
also seen that many of these patients require access to advanced
RESEARCH
Photo: Lennart Nilsson/TT
specialist care. Patients with these needs could be identified
simply by looking at five common risk factors (Journal of the
American College of Cardiology, October).
Two studies concerning heart stem cells have been presented
that attracted a lot of attention. The first demonstrated a marker
that is required for the development of stem cells in the left
ventricle (Nature Cell Biology, July). The other described a new
technique in which synthetic messenger RNA (mRNA) that
codes for VEGF-A is injected into the muscle cells. The study,
which was conducted on mice, showed that there only needs
to be a single pulse of VEGF-A to stimulate heart stem cells to
develop, provided this pulse can be delivered to the exact place
in the heart where the stem cells are located (Nature Biotechnology, September).
Infectious diseases and vaccination
A follow-up of possible side-effects in girls in Sweden and
Denmark who have been vaccinated against human papilloma
virus (HPV) could not show any statistical increase in any of 53
diagnoses among the vaccinated girls (British Medical Journal,
October). An extensive registry study showed that prevalence
of genital warts decreased by 93 per cent in girls who had been
given the HPV vaccine prior to the age of 14 (Journal of the
National Cancer Institute, March).
Testing for HPV when screening for cervical cancer has been
compared with analyses of cell samples and the results showed
that HPV screening provides 60–70 per cent better protection
against invasive cancer (Lancet, November).
Urinary tract infections are one of the most common
diseases, primarily in postmenopausal women. A study of
postmenopausal women showed that oestrogen stimulated their
bodies’ own antibiotic and strengthened the mucous membrane in the urinary tract, which indicates that local oestrogen
treatment can help women to fight recurrent infections (Science
Translational Medicine, June).
Rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis
New biologically active drugs to combat rheumatoid arthritis
have been developed in recent years. A study of drug combinations supported existing treatment recommendations (Lancet,
October). Another study showed what are known as epigenetic
changes in the genome to be involved in the genesis of rheumatoid
arthritis. This improves our understanding of how risk genes can
have an impact on disease and why certain individuals are affected
to a lesser extent than others (Nature Biotechnology, January)
Knowledge about how the disease psoriasis develops has improved now that a new cellular mechanism has been described
(Immunity, November).
A femur damaged by rheumatism.
Epilepsy
Unexpected death causes by sudden cardiac and respiratory
arrest is a common cause of death among those with severe
epilepsy. New knowledge about the disease’s background and
symptoms has been produced, which may form the basis of
better treatment and monitoring recommendations (Lancet
Neurology, September). An epidemiological study showed that
a high proportion of deaths among epileptic patients were the
result of external causes such as suicide, accidents and drug
misuse (Lancet, July). Improved knowledge of these, often mental health-related, causes among healthcare professionals would
help prevent a greater number of deaths.
Psychiatry
Research into the underlying causes of schizophrenia took
a big step forward thanks to the mapping of 13 new genetic
variants that increase the risk of schizophrenia (Nature Genetics,
August).
A study, which looked at 1.6 million births in the Nordic
countries, showed that treatment of a pregnant woman with
SSRI antidepressants does not increase the risk of foetal or
infant death (Journal of the American Medical Association,
January). It was previously known that there was an increased
risk of the child suffering other side-effects, at the same time as
there are well-known risks of leaving depression untreated in
pregnant women.
27
RESEARCH
Collaboration. Research group leader Teresa Frisan in a discussion with her postgraduate students, Riccardo Guido and Laura Levi. They
are working at the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, where they are studying the underlying reasons for why certain chronic
bacterial infections increase the risk of cancer.
An international research collaboration showed that there is
a link between treatment for male infertility – known as ISCI,
involving the sperm being injected directly into the egg – and a
somewhat increased risk of autism and intellectual disability in
the child (Journal of the American Medical Association, July).
Brain and nervous system
A national follow-up study of children born very prematurely
(before week 27) showed that by 2.5 years of age, 73 per cent
had a minor or no functional disability, with the figure improving for each week of pregnancy (Journal of the American
Medical Association, May).
The hippocampus is a part of the brain that is involved in
memory and learning. A study showed extensive generation
of new nerve cells in the hippocampus in adults – something
that had previously been debated (Cell, June). A study showed
that scar tissue that is formed from stem cells following a spinal
injury does not have a detrimental effect on the recovery of
function, rather it prevents the damage becoming more extensive (Science, November).
Coordination of muscle activation in the legs when we walk
can be compared to the coordination of the different instru-
28
ments in an orchestra. Researchers identified the nerve cells and
nerve branches in mice that regulate walking tempo and control
the ability to alternate between moving the right and left leg
(Nature, June and Neuron, November).
Ageing
When we age, our cells change and become damaged. New
discoveries, which improve our understanding of the ageing
process, have shown that it is not just the damage that accumulates over the course of an individual’s life that is significant, but
also the genetic material inherited from their mother via her
mitochondrial DNA (Nature, August). Genetic changes that
cause calcium deposits in the brains of both mice and humans
have been discovered (Nature Genetics, August). This condition,
which increases in frequency with age, caused motor, cognitive
and psychiatric problems.
Pharmaceuticals
A research group has been able to improve the cytostatic treatment given to children with the chronic immune deficiency disorder granulomatous disease prior to a stem cell transplant. By
using tailor-made doses of cytostatics ahead of the transplant,
RESEARCH
they achieved increase survival with minimal side-effects for the
patients. (Lancet, October).
A study showed that treatment with cortisone preparations
increases the risk of acute pancreatitis, which is the most common disease of the pancreas. The results indicate that patients
treated with certain forms of cortisone should be informed
about the risks and also told to abstain from alcohol and smoking (JAMA Internal Medicine, February).
The first method that makes it possible to directly measure
whether drugs have reached the correct target in the cell was
presented. This method is significant to the development of new
pharmaceuticals (Science, July).
Cell biology research
A previously unknown mechanism that controls whether a cell
dies or survives autophagy, a process that can be compared to
the cell eating up parts of itself, has been described. This discovery can open up new opportunities to affect this process, which
is involved in a large number of different diseases (Nature, July).
The discovery that two different species of salamander use
different ways to make their muscles grow back in lost body
parts was presented. The discovers of the species-specific solutions shows that there is not just one, but many mechanisms to
recreate tissue (Cell Stem Cell, November)
A five-year follow-up of the first successful transplant of an
tissue-engineered trachea indicated good results. The patient, who
was operated on in 2008, has a good quality of life and has not been
affected by rejection reactions to the implant (Lancet, October)
Molecular biology at the Science for Life Laboratory
With the help of a new analytical method, close to one hundred
new protein-coding regions of the human genome have been
found. A number of these are what is known as pseudogenes,
which are thought to be linked to cancer (Nature Methods,
November).
Every time a cell divides all of the transcription factors are
released from the DNA and the specific binding pattern that
provides the cell with its identity must be restored when the
division is complete. How this happens has not previously been
explained; however, researchers have now, for the first time,
shown how a protein ring that encircles the DNA acts are the
cell’s memory (Cell, August).
The genome of the Norway spruce was mapped as part of the
world’s largest genetic project. The research is based on technological and methodological development that has been judged
to be of great significance to medical research (Nature, May)
Researchers have successfully deduced a significant proportion of the proteins that control the genetic expression of
various DNA sequences. This knowledge dramatically improved
our understanding of how human genes are regulated and is
vital to interpreting individuals’ genomes and understanding the
individual risk of developing different diseases (Cell, January).
New methods in molecular biology
A new method for measuring the activity of genes in individual cells was presented (Nature Methods, December). A better
technique for measuring the activity of genes in individual cells
was presented, which may be significant to fundamental research
and future diagnosis (Nature Methods, September). A new way
to manufacture short, single-stranded DNA molecules was also
described (Nature Methods, June).
Quality
Measures of academic output – bibliometrics
KI uses bibliometrics to measure the dissemination and impact
of its research findings. Bibliometrics involves the application
of mathematical and statistical methods to articles, books and
other communications media. Reported data1 will be reviewed
over a long period of time. The number of published articles is a
rough measure of academic output and depends on a variety of
factors, such as the publication patterns of different disciplines.
The bars of the figure below represent published articles with
addresses that have an affiliation to KI.
Figures for the number of published articles are based on
year of publication2. Because there is a slight delay to the database being updated, complete statistics for the past year are not
available at the time the annual report is published. Therefore,
details for 2013 are not reported so as to provide a true and fair
view of developments.
Number of published articles 2003-2012
6 000
5 000
4 000
3 000
2 000
1 000
0
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Other
Editorial Material
Review
Letter
Meeting Abstact
Article
2010
2011 2012
Source: Web of Science. ®
Certain data included herein is derived from the Web of Science® prepared by THOMSON REUTERS®, Inc. (Thomson®), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA:
© Copyright THOMSON REUTERS® 2013. All rights reserved.
2
The main addresses included in the analysis are: Karolinska, Huddinge Hospital/Sjukhus, Danderyd Hospital/Sjukhus, Sodersjukhuset/Soder hospital, St Goran
Hospital/Sjukhus, St Erik Hospital/Sjukhus, Ersta Univ Coll, Sophiahemmet Coll, Astrid Lindgren.
1
29
RESEARCH
A more accurate view of academic output can be obtained by
comparing the figures over a longer period of time. KI chooses
to compare the years between 2003 and 2012. Over the course of
this period, the total number of published articles increased by
40 per cent. This figure reflects a steady increase in the volume
of activity and forms the background to the quality analyses below.
Field normalised citation score
The field normalised citation score reflects the number of citations the article has compared to other articles of the same type,
i.e. the same type of document from the same year and the same
subject. An individual article’s indicator is 1 if it is cited as many
Field normalised citation score 2003–2012
Citation score
1,75
1,50
1,25
1,00
0,75
2003 2004 2005
2006
2007 2008
2009
2010 2011
2012
Research documentation
To simplify the keeping of research documentation, maintain its
high quality and ensure traceability, KI is making an electronic
logbook, KI-ELN, available to all researchers. Implementation
is ongoing and the system was used by about 2,100 people in
October 2013. The paper logbook that was used previously is
available in parallel to the electronic logbook.
Research based education
Support for research links is provided through three investments totalling SEK 37.5 million: providing funds for very
educationally active teachers, the establishment of a ”future
faculty” programmes (twelve lecturers specifically focused on
teaching and temporarily part-funded) and the commissioning
of subject advocates (not yet implemented). One of the aims of
linking education to research is to get those active in research at
the highest level to participate in teaching at the Bachelor’s and
Master’s education. Students at these levels may then go one to
doctoral education and participate actively in research projects.
In spring 2013, the Vice-Chancellor set up an investigation into
our study programmes’ quality and research basis led by the
Pro-Vice-Chancellor.
Research funding
times as the average number for similar articles. The diagram
below shows the average value of the field normalised citation
score for all articles from KI, distributed by year. This figure has
been relatively stable, with KI maintaining its position compared
to the rest of the world. Published articles from 2013 cannot be
considered to constitute the basis of stable and reliable results
and have been excluded from the report.
Total research funding continues to rise. The direct government
funding has increased by 11 per cent since 2010, while external
funding has increased by eight per cent. There have particularly
notable increases in funding from the Swedish Research Council (VR), a 15 per cent increase from 2012 to a total of SEK 678
million, and from the Wallenberg Foundations, a 39 per cent
increase to a total of SEK 129 million.
In addition to project grants, VR approved framework direct
government funding for research into infection and antibiotics,
ageing and health, register-based research, for research collaborations with China, grants for large databases and grants for
prominent young researcher and several research schools. In the
Career paths for researchers
Change in research funding 2004–2013
KI
Global average
Source: Web of Science. ®
Recruiting and holding onto the most prominent researchers is
necessary if KI position as a leading international research
university is to be strengthened. In order to highlight these
issues, KI arranged a workshop, with about 50 participants,
about career structures for teachers and researchers.
A combined programme for the central calls for proposals
for funding for the recruitment of successful researchers at
various junior levels has been worked out. The current levels
are research assistant, research assistant extension (researcher
limited to two years) and researcher limited to five years.
To complement these initiatives, a programme for central
investments in the recruitment of certain strategic professor and
visiting professors post has been worked out. The candidates
must also be of particular value and benefit to KI.
30
SEK Million
3 500
3 000
2 500
External
2 000
1 500
Government
1 000
500
0
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source: Agresso.
RESEARCH
Total research revenue 2010-2013 (SEK millions)
Funding source
2010
2011
2012
2013
Change 2012–2013 (%)
Foundations and organisations
654
688
692
779
12,6
Foreign sources of funding
(see below)
496
431
417
435
4.6
Research councils
597
654
730
800
9.6
Municipalities and county
councils
551
427
475
396
-16.5
Other government funding
260
298
349
344
-1.4
Swedish companies
196
171
168
182
8.3
53
67
56
68
21.4
KI funds
Financial income
17
56
50
35
-30.5
Total external funding
2,824
2,792
2,937
3,040
3.5
Direct government funding
1,581
1,630
1,732
1,763
1.8
Total
4,405
4,422
4,669
4,802
2.9
64
63
63
63
Proportion of external funding (%)
Source: Agresso.
Total revenue from foreign sources of funding 2010–2013 (SEK millions)
2010
2011
2012
2013
Change 2012–2013 (%)
EU
231
224
194
194
-0,0
Foundations and organisations
195
128
150
158
5.3
69
79
73
85
16.4
496
431
416
437
5.0
Companies
Total
Source: Agresso.
Swedish Research Council’s (VR’s) large call for proposals, KI
was granted the largest amount of any university, amounting to
SEK 553 million over the next five years.
KI was also awarded large multi-year grants from the Knut
and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, KAW, including SEK 175
million for six different research projects, SEK 35 million for
the development of toxicology infrastructure and SEK 22.5 for a
careers programme focused on young researchers.
Revenue from the EU (including scholarships) 2004–2013*
SEK Million
250
200
150
100
50
0
European Union
KI is the largest recipient of EU grants of all Swedish institutions, and one of the largest in Europe in the field of health.
A total of 229 projects at KI were funded by the EU in 2013. The
revenue from these, excluding scholarships, amounted to SEK
194 million, which is the same as the previous year. Five new
projects supported by the European Research Council (ERC)
were started in 2013. At the end of 2013, there were 27 ERC
projects at KI. KI has further reinforced its position with regard
to the number of excellent researchers in ”bottom-up” projects,
where the subject of the research is decided by the researchers
themselves. The level of involvement in excellent research
constellations in ”top-down” projects, where the subject of the
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
EU
Scholarships
* Due to new accounting principles that began in 2011, scholarships are
specified separately in the chart above for the years 2011–2013.
Source: Agresso.
research is decided by the EU, has been maintained in comparison with the previous year.
European support for individual researchers
European grants for individual researchers mainly come from
the ERC and the Research Executive Agency (REA). The ERC is
one of the parts that make up the EU’s framework programme
31
RESEARCH
for research funding, Seventh Framework Programme for
Research (FP7), and will also be part of the new framework programme, Horizon 2020. The ERC provides support to individual
researchers for ideas that have the potential to revolutionise
their particular field. Three of the four ERC Starting Grants for
life sciences that were allocated to Sweden went to KI. The corresponding figure for Advanced Grants was two. KI has eleven
current ERC Advanced Grants and fifteen Starting Grants. In
2013, revenue from ERC research grants amounted to
SEK 58.9 million, which corresponds to an increase of 14.8 per
cent compared to 2012.
The Marie Curie Programme encompasses both individual
and network-based forms of support, with a common aim to
reinforce Europe’s intellectual capital and competitiveness. In
2013, there were 28 individual grants to researchers at KI, a
reduction of eight grants.
per cent compared with the previous year. KI has obtained
government research grants from the National Institutes of
Health, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, the
US Army and the National Science Foundation, but budget cuts
have had a negative impact on these (SEK 14 million,
-33 per cent). However, this has been compensated for by a
sharp increase in revenue from other American organisations
(SEK 53.1 million, +43 per cent).
Funds for strategic research areas
At the start of 2013, European collaborative projects at KI were
funded by both the framework programme (FP7) and the
European Commission and pharmaceutical industry’s joint
initiative, Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI).
KI has participated in 229 EU projects in 2013. KI coordinates 19 of these. KI took on the role of coordinator for three new
projects in the latest FP7 calls for proposals. KI is the largest
single recipient of funds from the EU’s health programme in
Sweden. KI participates as a partner in thirteen of the 41 current
IMI projects, coordinating one of these.
At the beginning of the programme, the calls for proposals
for funding for collaborative projects as part of FP7 (2007–2013)
were well in line with the areas in which KI is strong. This is
why a larger number of the projects were also coordinated by
KI at the beginning than at the end of the funding period. KI
has successfully participated as a partner in multidisciplinary,
translational projects towards the end of FP7. These types of
collaborative projects will play an increasingly large role in the
new framework programme Horizon 2020, when KI’s crossdisciplinary and industrial contact network will be an asset.
Six research environments in diabetes, neuroscience, care
sciences, cancer, epidemiology and stem cells/regenerative
medicine have been established with strategic research funding
(SFO). The objective of every SFO environment is to develop its
respective research field and to improve the connection between
preclinical research, clinical research and industry. Strategic
research funding amounted to SEK 137.2 million in 2013. The
development of the SFO environments and synergies with other
strategic initiatives provide KI with a strong base on which to
shape its profile as a leading international research centre in
each of the fields.
KI participates in two additional SFO initiatives in molecular
biosciences (SciLifeLab) and E-science. This year SciLifeLab
has been reorganised and consists partly of a national resource,
led from KTH Royal Institute of Technology Royal Institute of
Technology, and partly direct government funding and a local
pooling of resources from KI, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm University and Uppsala University. SciLifeLab’s
national focus makes it possible for researchers from both KI
and the rest of Sweden to access modern instruments for technically demanding and large-scale research projects focussing
on studies into the function of genes and proteins. SciLifeLab
works to create natural collaborative platforms, together with
other established national infrastructures, for example CBCS,
Biobanking and Molecular Resource Infrastructure of Sweden
(BBMRI.se) and SWEDSTRUCT.
There is more information about SciLifeLab in the sections
Collaboration and Infrastructure.
Research grants from the USA
Funds for strategic infrastructure
KI is one of the largest European recipients of research grants
from the USA. The university’s revenue from American funding
sources amounted to SEK 67.1 million in 2013; an increase of 16
Led by KI, several Swedish universities have worked together to
establish a national centre, Swetox, for research and education in
toxicology and related sciences. The centre is located in Gärtuna
European collaborative projects
Number of EU projects 2008–2013*
Total number of projects
- with KI as coordinator**
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
260
230
204
222
234
229
41
38
29
31
21
19
* Number of current projects within FP6, FP7 and the Health Programme. Decided on, but not yet started are not included. In 2013, there were no active FP6 projects.
** The figures referring to KI as coordinator do not include projects supported by the European Research Council (ERC).
Source: EU database KI.
32
RESEARCH
in Södertälje, with the initial construction financed with funds
from FORMAS, KAW and KI.
In autumn 2013, the Swedish National Facility for Maneto
Encephalography (NatMEG) was opened, this resource is
part of the Swedish network for biomedical imaging, Swedish
Bioimaging. For some time, KI has coordinated other parts
of the national infrastructure with basic funding from VR
and addition funding from collaborative partners. The role
of Chemical Biology Consortium Sweden (CBCS) is to offer
researchers large-scale studies of how molecules bond to various
target proteins. Biobanking and Molecular Resource Infrastructure of Sweden (BBMRI.se) aims to create a national standard
for the collection of biobank samples, along with cost-effective
opportunities for long-term storage and the analysis of samples.
BBMRI.se is supported by all of the medical universities in Sweden and different units will be established at various locations
throughout the country. Swedish Infrastructure for Integrated
Structural Biology (SWEDSTRUCT) works to create cohesive
infrastructure for structural biology.
International Neuroinformatics
Coordinating Facility (INCF)
The INCF was established by the OECD in August 2005 for the
purposes of developing the field of neuroinformatics (databases
and computer modelling) and facilitating the development of
different types of standards and other infrastructure. Neuroinformatics is a separate part of bioinformatics that is very significant to the development of knowledge about the function of the
nervous system and its psychiatric and neurological diseases.
The INCF has 17 member countries in Europe, North America, Australia and Asia, and is financed through fees related to
the countries’ investments in research and development. The
INCF secretariat has 14 employees, primarily post-doctoral
researchers. KI provides premises and administrative services
to the INCF and KTH Royal Institute of Technology provides a
professorship in neuroinformatics and a post at the Centre for
High-performance Computing (PDC).
In 2013, the INCF has worked in the following programmes:
Digital Brain Atlasing; Ontologies for Neural Structures; Multiscale Modelling; and Standards for Data Sharing. The overall
aim of the programmes is to create global neuroinformatics
standards and interoperability. The INCF has also developed
INCF Dataspace, software that can be used in the development
of neuroscience databases. Dataspace is a part of the international cyberinfrastructure for neuroinformatics, one of INCF’s
primary functions. More than 150 leading international researchers are involved in the INCF’s activities.
Internationalisation efforts at KI aim to improve quality and
diversity of our research, education and administration in
order to improve the university’s competitiveness. KI has a long
tradition of international contacts and academic exchanges
with researchers, teachers, and students in other countries. The
map on opposite page provides an overview of international
collaborations in terms of the number of joint publications with
different countries.
The number of academic articles published by Karolinska
Institutet’s researchers in collaboration with one or more researchers from each country or territory.
The University of Texas
An agreement to collaborate more closely in the field of cancer
research was signed this year between KI and the MD Anderson
Cancer Center at the University of Texas in the Unites States.
Joint collaborative grants have been advertised over the course
of the year within the scope of this collaboration. An academic
symposium was arranged to coincide with the signing of the agreement involving speakers from both KI and the MD Anderson
Cancer Center.
The Rockefeller University
KI has worked together with the Rockefeller University in the
United States through post-doctoral researcher exchanges,
short-term exchanges for technical and academic staff and the
series of Nicholson Lectures. These lectures are held alternately
at the two universities. In 2013, KI renewed its collaborative
agreement with the Rockefeller University for an additional
three years up to 2016.
The Mayo Clinic
The collaboration between KI and the Mayo Clinic in the
United States continues, focussing on broader collaboration in
research, education, administration and innovation. Joint grant
funding for travel (40 applications; 19 awards) and projects (30
applications; eleven awards) has been awarded within the scope
of this collaboration.
The University of Toronto
KI’s collaboration with the University of Toronto has been
stepped up in 2013. A post-doctoral programme for top-level
medical research has been introduced. This has been brought
about thanks to a donation from retired professional ice hockey
player Mats Sundin and the University of Toronto. The first
post-doctoral scholarships from the Mats Sundin Fellowship
were announced in 2013.
33
RESEARCH
International joint publications 2011–2013
PALESTINA
0
1–10
A
11–50
51-200
201-1000
LESOTHO
1000+
Number of scientific articles published by Karolinska Institutet’s researchers in cooperation with one or more researchers from respective countries and/or territories.
Certain data included herein are derived from the Web of Science ® prepared by THOMSON REUTERS ®, Inc. (Thomson®), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: © Copyright THOMSON REUTERS ®
2013. All rights reserved.
China
KI collaborates with several universities in China and articles
are jointly published together with over 50 universities and organisations. In 2013, VR, the Swedish Research Council Formas
(Formas) and the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forte) have had two calls for proposals
concerning research collaboration with China. Three research
groups at KI were awarded grants.
In autumn, a delegation from KI visited Shandong University. An academic symposium, an alumni reunion and a seminar
for students were arranged to coincide with the visit. Researchers
at Shandong University and KI have published many jointlyauthored articles.
The University of Minnesota
KI collaborates with the University of Minnesota in the United
States on post-doctoral exchanges and the symposium
Frontiers in Biomedical Research. In 2013, a discussion began
on expanding the scope of this collaboration, with resources
being allocated to support advertising post-doctoral researcher
posts in 2014 and 2015.
34
Equal opportunities
The project Mento4Equality, which was funded by the Delegation for Gender Equality in Higher Education, came to an end
in 2013. This project investigated opportunities for career
progression in research from a gender equality and ethnicity
perspective. The project has resulted in an increased understanding of the mechanisms and structures that contribute to
inequality of opportunity at KI. The results will be presented in
a discussion paper in English: Not the Chosen One – Gender,
Ethnicity and Power in Research Careers. It will be possible
to use the discussion paper in study programmes and by
the senior management at various levels of the university to
increase awareness of and knowledge about these issues. The
Vice-Chancellor’s equal opportunities council is responsible
for taking action on the discussion paper and the measures
proposed as a result of the project. A couple of the proposals
have been implemented during 2013 in KI’s equal opportunities
action plan.
At the end of the year, KI decided on a programme for special activity support for the departments that have for a period
of time been recruiting female professors and visiting professors. To summarise, SEK 500,000 in special activity support
is awarded per year over five years to departments when they
employ a professor and SEK 350,000 per year for three years
when they employ a guest professor.
Further equal opportunities initiatives that affect research
are described in the section Provision of Expertise and Equal
Opportunities.
KI IN SOCIETY – COLLABORATION AND INNOVATION
This year’s Nicholson lecture. Professor David Allis from Rockefeller University in
consultation with professor Per Svenningsson, the academic coordinator for KI collaboration
with Rockefeller University. Allis was appointed to hold this year’s Nicholson lecture at KI.
The lecture is part of a collaboration programme between the two universities. Allis has
discovered how a system that controls genes works, and his research has meant that
epigenetics
has exploded
as an ANNUAL
area of research.
KAROLINSKA
INSTITUTET
REPORT 2013
35
Photo: Ulf Sirborn
KI IN SOCIETY
– COLLABORATION AND INNOVATION
KI IN SOCIETY
– COLLABORATION AND INNOVATION
Karolinska Institutet (KI) collaborates extensively with other
educational institutions, hospitals, government agencies, companies and organisations throughout the world. This collaboration is necessary if KI is to be a successful university. KI is the
largest collaborative academic partner in Sweden for researchers
in other countries. KI’s single largest partner, Stockholm County
Council (SCC), facilitates vitally important clinical research
and education. Over half of KI’s activities are conducted in the
clinical environment, primarily in hospitals, but also in primary
care and elderly care facilities.
The areas around KI’s campuses in Solna and Huddinge are
constantly being developed as strong nodes for life sciences
research. KI shares its location with facilities including Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet Science Park,
Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab), the Swedish Institute
for Communicable Disease Control (the Public Health Agency
of Sweden from January 1st 2014) and the European Centre
for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Royal Institute of
Technology (KTH Royal Institute of Technology), Stockholm
University and Södertörn University are the universities that are
located closest in Stockholm with which KI collaborates. There
is also close collaboration with organisations including Stockholm Science City, Flemingsberg Science, Uppsala University
and several companies.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET
Management level
The Research
Strategy Committee
Collaboration with SCC
The objective of the collaboration between KI and SCC is to
improve healthcare through research and education. Extensive
restructuring of healthcare in the Stockholm region requires
intensified collaboration between KI and SCC, and this takes
place at various organisational levels.
Collaborative organisational structure
The collaborative organisation KI/SCC allocates resources for
research, development and education (RDE). This includes
the ALF direct government funding (remuneration to SCC for
medical education and clinical research) and the RDE funds the
SCC allocates to the collaboration. There is also a reconciliation
of the direct government funding for education and research
that are allocated to KI.
The leadership structure consists of the KI/SCC Management
Group and three collaborative organisations for research, education and infrastructure. Collaborative activities are organised
in RDE groups made up of the parties involved. The budget is
drawn up primarily by the Research Strategy Committee, the
Board of Higher Education and the Infrastructure Advisory
Committee in advance of the KI/SCC Management Group’s
joint proposal for an RDE budget that takes into account the
SCC managed funds for medical education and research/RDE.
STOCKHOLM COUNTY COUNCIL
Management group KI/SCC
Board of Higher Education
The Infrastructure Commitee
Operational level
R & D group/community
36
Project funding
Calls for funding proposals take place annually for various activities including clinically-oriented medical research and
development projects (ALF project funding) and funds for clinical posts at various levels such as clinical post-doctoral
researchers and clinical researchers. A follow-up of these posts
was undertaken in 2013. This showed that the researchers
currently employed account for an extensive academic output.
Collaboration involving national and international networks has
been initiated and established. The researchers have competitively obtained large research grants from external sources of
funding and their academic careers have progressed. Another
current initiative is the establishment of translational, thematic
centres in which the collective expertise of the researchers involved has to encompass both clinical and preclinical activities.
Integration of education, research and care
A large proportion of the professional education at KI takes
place in the form of clinical education/work integrated learning
(WIL). Changes to the organisation of healthcare will place huge
demands on this collaboration. The quality of the education
offered to our students within the healthcare system must be
assured and improved. The number of places must also increase.
Several projects to improve WIL are being run together with
SCC.
In 2013, a decision was made to establish an additional four
academic primary care centres (APCC) that will open in 2014.
APCCs make an important contribution to uniting research,
education, development, interprofessional learning and care.
KI has worked actively to meet the increased demand for
places on the clinical education and admissions wards, which
are important venues for interprofessional learning. The decision has been made to start new clinical education and admissions wards. More information about placements is available in
the section Bachelor’s and Master’s Education.
In December 2013, the KI/SCC Management Group decided
to establish a joint regional biobank. This field has been allocated
additional SEK 20 million for 2014. The issue of whether to establish a laboratory for integrative informatics was also investigated in 2013. Such a laboratory will be set up in 2014.
and teachers, aside from their normal roles, are also involved
in public debate as the authors of opinion pieces and books, as
lecturers and by participating in fairs and conferences. Together
with the association Public and Science, KI participated in
several events in 2013 that aim to spread knowledge to a wider
audience at, for example, Göteborg Book Fair, Researchers’
Night, which attracted 5,000 visitors, and at the Almedalen
Week in Visby. Researchers from KI took part in several talks
and debates during Almedalen Week.
Innovation support and collaboration
with industry
A significant proportion of the research that takes place at KI
does so in close collaboration with companies, both Swedish
and foreign. This allows for extensive exchanges of knowledge
and also provides a source of funding. Over the course of 2013,
KI received SEK 268 million in funding from companies, of
which SEK 85 million came from companies based abroad.
Beginning in 2013, SciLifeLab will act as a national resource
for molecular life sciences. This is run jointly by KI, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology Royal Institute of Technology, Uppsala
University and Stockholm University and is funded by direct
government funding and funds from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation and AstraZeneca. The establishment of a
new centre for translational research in collaboration with AstraZeneca was decided in 2013. The aim is to conduct preclinical
and clinical studies relating to cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disturbances and regenerative medicine. More information
about research collaborations is in the section Research.
KI Holding AB
Karolinska Institutet Holding AB (KIHAB) owns, sells and
manages holdings in project and service companies. The aim
is to commercially exploit projects and knowledge from KI in
order to find practical applications for research findsings and
know-how. KIHAB owns four active subsidiaries: Karolinska
Institutet Innovations AB, Karolinska Institutet Science Park
AB, Karolinska Institutet University Press AB and Karolinska
Institutet Housing AB. There is more information about KIHAB
in the notes.
Informing the general public
KI works purposefully to inform the public sector, industry
and the general public about the knowledge being created at
the university. Research findings gain a wider audience through
the use of the media, for example. In 2013, KI was mentioned
an average of 42 times per day in the Swedish news media, a
total of 15,291 times. KI was mentioned 15,172 times in the
international media (source: Retriever). KI has been publishing
KI Medicinsk vetenskap since 1994; a quarterly popular science
magazine with a circulation of 23,500. This year, KI has also
published a compiled English edition. Many of KI’s researchers
37
Innovators
Companies, researchers or students that wish to collaborate or
develop innovative ideas, whether they can be commercialised
or otherwise, are offered the support within KI’s innovation
system. The vision is to make scientific knowledge in the field
of medicine and health into something useful by improving
translational ability and helping to increase the professional
interaction between academic research and education and
industrial companies.
Education and research in innovation and
entrepreneurship
KI conducts research and education in entrepreneurship through
the Unit for Bioentrepreneurship (UBE), offering courses and
a two-year international master’s programme. KI’s students are
given the opportunity to undertake interdisciplinary studies
through UBE’s collaboration with the Stockholm School of Economics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, University College
of Arts, Craft and Design and Stockholm University as part of
the Stockholm School of Entrepreneurship.
In 2013, 40 collaborative projects with companies and other
organisations have been conducted in which students have been
trained to shed light on and solve tangible problems. Ninety
external teachers, supervisors and lecturers have been engaged
throughout the year.
The Swedish Government’s strategy for entrepreneurship
in education states that entrepreneurship must be a common
theme throughout. As one element of this strategy, the government has commissioned the Swedish Agency for Economic and
Regional Growth to support the implementation of entrepreneurship in courses and study programmes at the Bachelor’s
and Master’s levels, which has resulted in action plans for eleven
study programmes at KI.
Advisory and industrial collaboration services
KI’s Innovation Office, which was established in 2010 to comply
with the government’s bill 2008/09:50, focusses on providing
advice at an early stage, inspirational and informative activities
and industrial collaboration. Researchers and students are of-
fered support and companies looking for academic partners can
also get help from the Innovation Office.
Over the course of 2013, 115 advisory cases was dealt with by
the Innovation Office, 83 of which involved early-stage advice
(72 researchers, 11 students). Of these cases, 47 have been
followed by patent investigations or another type of coaching.
Five of them have been passed on to KI Innovations AB in order
to obtain Verification for Growth funding from Vinnova. An
additional 32 cases relating to industrial collaboration on established research at KI have been dealt with in 2013.
The Innovation Office collaborates with Uppsala University
on matters such as advice on intangible rights, the project Bio-X
(industrial collaboration) and support for collaboration, primarily for small businesses and SciLifeLab. Collaborative models
are also developed together with the University of Gothenburg
and Lund University. Collaboration on projects is conducted
locally with KTH Royal Institute of Technology (the Knowledge
Pilot: collaboration with regional SMEs), Södertörn University
(EntréQ: entrepreneurship for female students) and is supported
by regional structural funds, for example. Since it was established
in November 2010, the Innovation Office has continually taken
part in and organised events such as fairs, seminars and visits to
institutions, the aim of which is to stimulate interest in innovation, raise the level of knowledge and increase the flow of ideas.
KI’s commercial projects incubator
Karolinska Institutet Innovations AB is KI’s incubator, offering
commercial advice and project management. This is where ideas
and inventions based on research, primarily from researchers
at KI, are evaluated. Aggregated with KI’s Innovation Office, KI
Innovations AB has reviewed a total of 123 ideas and inventions
in 2013. KI Innovations AB is responsible for allocating funding
from Vinnova to evaluate the commercial potential of promising research findings. At the end of 2013, there were 30 active
commercial projects, several of which were not part-owned by
KI Innovations AB. Over 1,400 ideas and inventions have been
evaluated since the company was founded in 1996.
Unit for
Bioentrepreneurship
The Innovation Office
Karolinska Institutet
Innovations AB
Science Park AB
Karolinska
Development AB
Research and education
in entrepreneurship.
Support for private
sector collaboration,
information and guidance
in innovation issues.
Incubator. Support for
commercialisations
and corporatisations.
Licensing. Mature
companies are sold to
market participants,
inluding Karolinska
Development.
Provides premises,
installations and Facility
Management for life
science companies.
Investment firm with
a company portfolio,
several originating from
KI Innovations AB
38
KI’s science park
KI has a science park, Karolinska Institutet Science Park AB,
which has tions in both Solna and Flemingsberg/Huddinge.
There were 70 companies in the park in December 2013,
employing 575 people. KI Science Park offers businesses both
soft and hard infrastructure, meeting spaces for knowledge
transfer and exchange of expertise, including through regular
seminars and life sciences-specific support functions and services. KI Science Park also runs a service incubator in Flemingsberg, together with Södertörn University. The programmes
”From Business Concept to Business” and ”The Entrepreneur
Programme” provide help with business development to people
from KI, SCC and Södertörn University who have ideas. The
programmes are supported by the project EntréQ. A new national node for life sciences companies is currently being established together with Medeon and Sahlgrenska Science Park, with
support from Vinnova.
Karolinska Development AB (publ) – an independent
investment company
Karolinska Development’s objective is to create value for patients,
researchers, investors and society by developing innovations from
world-leading researchers into products that can be sold or licensed at a high rate of return. The portfolio – comprising 35 projects
on 31 December 2012, 16 of which are in clinical development
– is strong in the fields of cancer and other areas of significant
medical need. Since April 2011, Karolinska Development B shares
have been quoted on NASDAQ OMX Stockholm.
Selected key indicators for collaboration 2010–2013
2010
2011
2012
2013
2,824
265
69
2,792
250
79
2,935
241
73
3,049
268
85
425
133
422
129
395
124
291
131
51
17
69
17
63
14
56
8
178
235
250
241
52
38
57
42
64
45
80
60
F. Doctoral students employed in the private sector
and public organisations (annual working units)
431
446
455
479
G. EU projects (FP6, FP7 och EU health programme)
– as coordinator
204
29
222
31
234
21
229
19
H. Ideas advice cases treated at KI Innovations AB
and the Innovation Office
97
157
178
123
I. KI Innovations AB active projects at turn of year
21
13
11
30
J. Companies within KI Science Park
54
65
63
70
K. Employed by companies within KI Science Park*
585
580
420
575
L. Scientific articles, percentage co-published with
parties outside of KI (%)
81
84
83
85
M. Scientific articles, percentage co-published with
parties outside of Sweden (%)
60
62
63
63
A. Externally financed research, total (SEK million)
– from companies, total (SEK million)
– from overseas companies (SEK million)
B. Contract research (SEK million)
– from companies, total (SEK million))
C. Contract education, total revenue (SEK million)
– from companies, total (SEK million)
D. Contract education (FTE students)
E. Adjunct Professors (headcount)
– of which are financed by Stockholm County Council
Sources: A–C: The financial system Agresso, D: The student database Ladok E: KI Recruitment Unit, F: The student database Ladok, G: Grants Office, H–K: Data from respective operations, L,
M: Web of Science/KI University Library.
Notes: F: New calculation method in accordance with ”LW10 Follow-up of Doctoral Students”. Updates apply to every year. G: Relates to ongoing projects. Decided on, but not yet started are
not included. In 2013, there were no active FP6 projects. The figures referring to KI as coordinator do not include projects supported by the European Research Council (ERC). H: Refers to the
net amount, 36 of which are funded by Vinnova’s programme Verification for Growth. This has had an impact on the number of active projects (I) which means that the figure is not directly
comparable with the figures for previous years. Advice for early phase ideas, established at the Innovation Office from 2011. Data for 2009 and 2010 relates only to KI Innovations AB. K: Data on
the number of employees is collected by survey. L, M. Preliminary data for 2013.
39
Open house. In August 2013, Karolinska Institutet’s new
Aula Medica building was completed and in September
an open house event was held for employees and students
at KI. More than 1,000 people took the opportunity to
look over the new premises.
40
Photo: Erik Cronberg
––––
HUMAN RESOURCES AND
COMPETENCE SUPPLY
work integrated learning. This year, the university has decided
to appoint a vice-dean for recruitment, with specific responsibility for the recruitment of teachers and researchers. The development of a plan to ensure the provision of teaching expertise
continues.
Attracting, recruiting and keeping
competent staff
Karolinska Institutet’s (KI) objective for the provision of
expertise and continuing professional development is to have
qualified expertise in not only research and education, but also
support functions. The overall objective is to carry out high
quality education and research in both the short and long-term.
Professional leadership and collegiality is vital to the university’s
ability to fulfil its mission. KI offers a wide range of courses and
initiatives for both groups and individuals to support the roles
of managers and employees.
All these measures aim to facilitate the fulfilment of the
university’s objectives. Assessment and analysis of the fulfilment
of objectives takes place in accordance with internal guidelines.
The departments have a duty to analyse and take steps to ensure
they have sufficient expertise. In 2013, work to implement systemic support for the provision of expertise has been started. This
can function as operative and strategic support for planning the
provision of expertise and also for planning continuing professional development initiatives.
The university’s overall risk assessment identified a risk
relating to insufficiency in the availability of teachers. Being able
to recruit and hold onto teachers who are responsible for both
research and education is key, as is the availability teachers for
Human resources report
In October 2013, KI had 4,778 employees, equivalent to 4,283
full-time equivalent (FTE) employees. This is an increase of two
per cent (91 FTE employees) on the same period in 2012. The
increase is mainly composed of researchers and administrative staff. The number of doctoral students employed has also
increased. Groups that have decreased in size include senior
clinical lecturers and research assistants.
Aside from employees, a large number of people who are not
formally employed are involved in the work at KI, for example,
visiting researchers, those on scholarships and unpaid readers. In addition, staff employed by the county council such as
doctors, nurses and physiotherapists also conduct education or
research at KI.
The number of doctoral students (research students) employed amounted to 595 FTE employees in 2013 (572). There
were 375 FTE doctoral students with educational grants, 71 of
whom combined their doctoral studies with an assistant post,
which is a slight increase on the previous year.
FTE employees, various categories of staff 2010–2013
2010
2011
2012
Change
2012–2013 (%)
2013
Number
Women
(%)
Number
Women
(%)
Number
Women
(%)
Number
Women
(%)
Professor, pre-clinical
190
28
203
27
214
29
222
28
4
Professor, clinical
142
20
144
23
153
24
151
27
-1
Senior lecturer, preclinical
112
57
134
62
122
62
109
64
-11
41
49
38
44
37
41
41
47
12
Research associate
Senior lecturer, clinical
138
52
165
52
161
51
149
53
-7
Lecturer
180
75
166
75
159
75
155
74
-3
Researchers
708
51
741
54
793
53
838
53
6
Doctoral students
519
65
544
64
572
64
595
64
4
896
84
971
83
913
84
960
81
5
Technical staff
Administrative staff
1,020
73
1,003
71
1,068
69
1,063
67
0
Total
3,944
65
4,109
65
4,192
64
4,283
63
2
Note: The figures above include all employees, regardless of the extent or length of their employment, but exclude those in assistant posts in combination with
educational grants and adjunct teachers. Nor does it include employees on leaves of absence, parental leave, sick leave, early retirement etc. With regard to the
number of employees, only those on full-time leaves of absence (rather than parental and sick leave) have been omitted. The figures for all employees (FTE and total)
refer to October 2013. The calculation of FTEs, however, does not include staff on sick or parental leave, in accordance with Statistics Sweden’s instructions.
41
employments extended. In October 2013, employed adjunct
professors were equivalent to 18 FTE employees.
Employed adjunct senior lecturers amounted to eleven FTE
employees. The number of employed adjunct senior lecturers
amounted to 14 (seven men and seven women).
There are also research students who support themselves by
other means such as scholarships, a different post at the university or a clinical post.
Over the course of 2013, a total of 345 people have been
given permanent employment and 249 have left their posts.
The turnover of permanent employees was approximately
11 per cent, which is a reduction compared with 2012 (14 per
cent). Even when those with temporary posts and doctoral
studentships are included, the total staff turnover has decreased
somewhat on that of the previous year. This was about 21 per
cent in 2013, a reduction of 2 percentage points.
Staff gender distribution
About two thirds of KI staff are women. The gender distribution in the various staff categories is largely unchanged on that
of 2012. Twenty-eight per cent of professors are women, which
is a marginal increase. In the groups senior lecturers, research
assistants and researchers, the gender distribution remains
between 40 and 60 per cent. When it comes to the groups lecturers, doctoral students (employed), technical and administrative
staff, women continue to constitute the overwhelming majority.
Newly-employed teachers
Teaching positions must be advertised and appointed competitively. Exceptions may be made for those who are nominated for
a position as professors or for appointments as adjunct teachers
or visiting teachers.
Twenty-one new professors (16 men and five women) have
been appointed in the past year following advertisement of the
post and the assessment of their expertise (see footnote below).
An additional twelve new senior lecturers have been employed (all
women). Three visiting professors have been employed (all men).
In 2013, one woman and one man were promoted to professors. These two applied for promotion as permanently employed
senior lecturers (and lecturers) had the right to win promotion if they fulfilled the eligibility requirements for the higher
position. The right to promotion was removed from the Higher
Education Ordinance as of 1 January 2011, and the university
chose not to reinstate this in its Appointment Procedure.
This year, 30 people have been employed as adjunct professors (22 men and eight women). A proportion of these were
already employed as adjunct professors, but have had their
Gender distribution in various staff categories (total: 4,283)
103
89
61
Senior Lecturer = 150
79
70
Postdoctoral fellow = 149
114
Lecturer = 155
41
Senior research fellow = 838
441
Doctoral student = 595
215
380
353
709
782
800
Professor = 373
270
Administrative staff = 960
178
600
400
200
0
Technical staff = 1062
200
400
Women (total 2,697)
600
800
Men (total 1,586)
Newly appointed professors and lecturers, including forwarded, 2010-2013
2010
2011
Number
Women (%)
Advertised post 1
10
Promotion
20
Visiting
Total
2012
2013
Number
Women (%)
Number
Women (%)
Number
Women (%)
20
6
17
13
15
21
24
55
26
4
11
55
2
50
12
17
3
0
3
0
3
0
42
36
35
34
27
30
26
23
11
55
11
5
16
50
12
100
Professor
Senior lecturer
Advertised post
1
Promotion
12
75
38
79
3
33
0
0
Total
23
65
49
74
19
47
12
100
Of whom one man was nominated in 2012 and one in 2013.
42
_
Doctorate
The number and proportion of teachers with doctorates continues to increase. This group includes professors, senior lecturers, research assistants and lecturers. Only the group lecturers
contains teachers without doctorates.
20 per cent. In addition, a number of managers and leaders have
undergone working environment training focussed on both
the physical and psychosocial environment. Aside from online
courses, programmes have also been conducted in collaboration
with other universities in the Stockholm region.
Visiting Researcher Services
Number of teachers with doctorates and
proportion of all teachers 2010–2012 (FTE
employees)
Year
Number of doctorates
Proportion of total (%)
2010
665
83
2011
707
84
2012
714
84
2013
717
87
Absence due to illness
Absence due to illness was at roughly the same level in 2013 as
in the previous year. However, one change is that the proportion
of long-term absences has increased compared with 2012. This is
the figure for one individual year and it is too early to express an
opinion on any underlying causes. In general, KI has a low level of
absence due to illness, but the statistics can be somewhat unreliable as staff conducting research and teaching do not have regulated working hours to the same extent as other members of staff.
Practical information and advice for researchers and doctoral
students arriving or travelling abroad on exchanges is offered
through Visiting Researcher Services. Since 2013, KI is the official contact point in the network EURAXESS services. This is
a European network under the auspices of the European Commission and consists of 200 information centres in 40 countries.
These centres provide researchers with information about such
matters as residence permits, insurance, taxes, pensions and
employment for accompanying relatives.
Working environment and health
2010
2011
2012
2013
2.0
1.9
1.8
1.8
57.0
48.9
32.1
35.1
Women
2.7
2.4
2.4
2.5
Men
0.9
1.0
0.8
0.8
In autumn 2013, KI drew up new working environment and
health guidelines. These guidelines express the employer’s intentions and commitments and will support the implementation of
KI’s overall task of contributing to the improvement of human
health through research and education. Efforts to improve health
and the working environment will be comprehensive, taking into
account both the physical and the psychosocial factors.
Over the course of the year, health promotion workshops,
study programmes and courses in the fields of stress and
sleep have been offered continually, as has scheduled training
combined with individualised support. All employees have
been offered a health promotion reimbursement of SEK 1,500.
In addition, a specific initiative for animal technicians in the
Department of Comparative Medicine has been implemented
in 2013. Stress management groups that use the evidence-based
ACT (acceptance and commitment therapy) model are a new
initiative that started in 2013.
Employees >29 years
of age
1.5
1.2
1.2
1.1
Salary structure
Employees 30–49
years of age
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.8
Employees >50 years
of age
2.9
2.7
2.3
2.2
Absence due to illness 2010–2013, %
Total
Proportion of longterm absences
Long-term absence due to illness refers to a continuous absence of sixty days
or more. Absence due to illness for women and men is stated as a percentage
of the total regular working hours of the group. The figures thus do not indicate
absence due to illness for women and men as a percentage of the total absence
due to illness. Absence due to illness in age groups is calculated in a similar way.
Managerial and leadership development
A basic range of leadership development programmes has
been implemented over the course of the year, among them the
Swedish National Defence College’s concept ”Developmental
Leadership” and team-building for managers and leaders. The
proportion of managers and leaders who took part in some
form of leadership development programme in 2013 was about
The salary review of 1 October 2013 was concluded in December.
The result was an average increase of 2.4 per cent. Individual
salary discussions have been conducted on a trial basis with 232
employees from three departments and two sections in the university administration. The aim is for salaries to incentivise employees through clear wage differentiation and communication. An
evaluation of the trial has been carried out. The results indicate
that about 99 per cent of the discussions ended in agreement.
Equal opportunities
KI’s equal opportunities efforts are based on the Discrimination
Act. The Board and the Vice-Chancellor are ultimately responsible for these efforts being goal oriented. The Council for Equal
Opportunities, reporting directly to the Vice-Chancellor, works
strategically on the overall plan and also supports the work of,
among others, departments and study programmes.
43
New professors. This year’s ceremonial installation of professors was held in the Erling Persson auditorium in Aula Medica.
In total 41 professors were installed, of which 11 were women. Closest to the camera are Cecilia Magnusson, adjunct professor of public
health epidemiology, Sven-Erik Sonesson, adjunct professor of paediatric cardiology and Anders Thorell, adjunct professor of surgery.
At the beginning of 2013, the Council for Equal Opportunities
drew up a three-year plan for employees and students with ongoing
measures and specific initiatives that run up to and including 2015.
The plan encompasses all of the grounds for discrimination listed
in the Discrimination Act and was ratified by the Vice-Chancellor
in March 2013. Additional reporting of equal opportunities matters is included in the section for the respective operational area.
Working environment and disability –
or the complex capacity for work
The aim of this working environment initiative, specifically
focussed on disability, is to combat unemployment and exclusion through surveying needs and proposing workplace adaptations. In 2013 a pilot project was implemented that took the form
of an interview study in collaboration with the Department of
Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society – Division of Occupational Therapy. The study shows that the support provided to
employees who return to work following a long period of absence
due to illness work well. However, people with fatigue syndrome,
mental illness and complex conditions may need further support.
The report was presented at two meetings with human resources
managers and other concerned parties in December 2013.
Even gender distribution in planning and
decision-making bodies and managerial posts
In January 2013, the gender distribution in academic managerial posts such as Vice-Chancellor, Pro-Vice-Chancellor, deans
and vice deans was uneven.
44
One of the measures taken to give KI’s planning, advisory
and decision-making bodies an even gender distribution in
future was the implementation of an interview study. This
targeted women who were involved in the initial stages of the
recruitment process, but who were not selected as candidates.
Among the factors analysed were the clarity of the criteria for
the appointments process and the grounds the nominees not
being selected as candidates.
Recruitment targets for female professors
In the public service agreement for financial year 2012, the
Swedish Government stipulated a recruitment target that at
least 47 per cent of the professors employed by KI between
2012 and 2015 must be women. This target includes newlyemployed and promoted professors and visiting professors, but
not adjunct professors. The proportion of women in the group
employed, promoted and visiting professors amounted to 26
per cent in 2012 and 2013. In 2013, an action plan containing
specific initiatives has been drawn up. The action plan includes
measures such as support to departments that employ female
professors, following advertising the post or promotion, or
visiting professors. The plan also involves quality assurance
taking place of the recruitment process, continuing professional
development initiatives and specific funding for female
supervisors – part-funding of new doctoral students. More
information in the section Research).
INFRASTRUCTURE
The infrastructure plan initiated in 2007/2008 involved what
amounts to two stages. The first stage ended in 2013, when a number of buildings were complete at the same time as certain core
facilities had been improved. The second stage refers to the period
up until 2018. Consequently, this is a matter of planning for a tenyear period. The five years ahead require additional improvements
to the efficiency of our use of premises if there is to be space for
growth. The new buildings have also resulted in an increase to
the average rental cost and KI’s internal rental charges must be
adapted to this. The cost of depreciation of the interior fixtures
and fittings connected to the new buildings has also increased.
KI’s portfolio of premises and costs
Year
Area sq.m.
(MUA)
Cost ( SEK m.)
Percentage of
total costs
2010
204,494
565
11
2011
200,859
586
11
2012
213,881
667
12
2013
218,870
741
13
Examples of infrastructure projects
Karolinska Institutet Science Park (KISP)
The final stage of Karolinska Institutet Science Park at the junction of Solnavägen and Tomtebovägen was completed in 2013.
As planned, the three buildings contain a range of large and
small companies, together with parts of KI’s innovation system
and an advanced research establishment, SciLifeLab, which
involves three other universities.
The WBerg Animal House
Construction at KI’s animal houses, which began several years
ago, was largely completed in 2013. The largest investment
related to the new WBerg Animal House, which was officially
opened in 2012, but only came into use to any great extent in
2013. KI now has animal houses of a high standard and of sufficient capacity for the years to come, until the future research
laboratory Biomedicum is complete.
Student and visiting researcher accommodation
The accommodation in Vårberg was ready for occupation in
April 2013. About 400 new apartments are planned for Solna. It
is planned that this accommodation will consist of four tower
blocks containing small apartments. Detailed plans are expected
to be approved in April 2014, and KI will then decide whether
or not to complete the project.
Additional examples of planned projects
In 2013, the detailed planning of KI’s new future laboratory
for experimental research, Biomedicum, began. This is
expected to be completed in 2018. KI has signed an initial
contract for a feasibility study on the construction of a 15,000
m2 research building in Huddinge. If it is decided to proceed
with construction, the building will be completed in 2017. The
learning environment project, which is a collaboration between
KI and SCC, is producing the learning environments of the
future. By using a recurring concept, a coherent identity is
created in the buildings affected. In 2014, additional formal and
informal environments are planned for Solna and Huddinge.
A further two buildings, Aula Medica and the Widerström
Building, were opened in 2013. The new buildings have meant
that the supply of premises has been able to match demand
temporarily, but the rate of vacancies is very low and there is no
margin for any more growth. Aula Medica has been built thanks
to a donation from the Erling Persson Family Foundation to
coincide with KI’s 200th anniversary. The building contains an
auditorium with 1,000 seats, offices, conference facilities and
restaurants. In 2013, three departments moved into the Widerström Building, that contains offices and learning environments.
Informatics and biobanks
The work on the two priority infrastructure areas, informatics and
biobanks, has continued this year, with the goal of creating a coherent information chain in healthcare. The establishment, from
the beginning of next year, of a joint KI and SCC biobank, was
decided on in December 2013. SMB will act as an umbrella organisation for biobanks in the Stockholm region and the will make
it possible to collect samples from both research and healthcare.
Aula Medica and the Widerström Building
The turf-cutting ceremony. Sten Wetterblad, regional director
of Akademiska Hus; Jan Björklund, Minister for Education; Pehr
Granfalk (conservative party), chairman of the board of Solna
Municipality; Chris Heister, governor of Stockholm, and Anders
Hamsten, Vice-Chancellor of KI, together make the first cut of turf
for the construction of the Biomedicum research laboratory.
45
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Course in sustainable development. Starting in the autumn term 2013, all postgraduate students who have a doctoral post that includes
work in laboratories are to take a compulsory course on how environmentally harmful and hazardous substances must be handled.
Research and education for sustainable
development
A healthy population and environments that promote health are
important prerequisites for sustainable societal development.
Even though all research conducted at Karolinska Institutet (KI)
aims to contribute to improving human health, research that
highlights the connection between health, socioeconomic factors and the human impact on the environment is particularly
important to long-term sustainable development.
”Our courses and study programmes will provide students
with knowledge about how they can contribute to sustainable
development in their future professional roles and as citizens.”
This quote is taken from Karolinska Institutet’s Education
Strategy 2013. In order to achieve this goal, we have taken steps
to integrate sustainable development into our courses and study
programmes to an greater extent. One example is that all doctoral students working in laboratories and were admitted from
autumn term 2013 are obliged to attend a course (1.8 credits) on
the safe handling of substances that are harmful to the environment and health. The course includes sustainable development
in a separate course element. This is one tangible example of a
course prioritised from a sustainability perspective.
From a wider perspective, we have this year been involved in
national and international collaboration with other universities
in the ongoing effort to incorporate sustainable development
into our education and research.
46
Sustainable campus
In the past year, several environmentally-related projects and
actions were implemented that contribute to providing a sustainable workplace. A selection are presented here.
In 2013, KI has taken several steps towards a greener and more
versatile IT system, for example, improved opportunities to take
part in virtual meetings, reduced electricity use thanks to virtual
servers, more environmentally friendly PCs and a monitoring
system that facilitates the identification of inefficient IT equipment.
Environmental requirements in public procurement and
purchasing can have an environmental impact. KI’s procurement
regulations were revised in 2012 to include a clear sustainability
perspective. A new e-commerce system is under development.
Its benefits will include making it easier to choose environmentally certified products. The university is also attempting to reduce
its environmental impact by reducing energy use in its buildings.
This is exemplified by two large projects that have been taking
place this year, involving the reconstruction or modification of
premises in both Huddinge and Solna to reduce energy consumption. The departments’ individual environmental activities
are also significant. Department representatives met during a
workshop where they got expert help and shared knowledge.
Environmental management system
KI’s environmental and sustainable development management
system is built to meet the requirements of the international
environmental management standard ISO 14001. The university’s
long-term work has been followed-up in an audit report. The
challenges identified include following up the environmental
requirements for purchasing/procurement and introducing a
deviation management system.
FINANCIAL REPORT
Photo: iStockphoto
FINANCIAL REPORT
Direct government funding and donations.
Karolinska Institutet’s turnover for 2013 was SEK
5,8 billion, which is an increase of 150 million,
compared to 2012. KI’s revenue consists of 45
percent of state direct government funding and
55 percent of council funds, contributions and
donations from foundations, organizations,
companies and local governments.
47
FINANCIAL REPORT
FINANCIAL REPORT
Karolinska Institutet (KI) had a turnover of SEK 5,796 million
(SEK 5,646 million) in 2013, which is an increase of SEK 150
million or 2.7 per cent, compared to 2012. A positive change
in capital of SEK 7.6 million (SEK 108 million), of which KI’s
main business were accountable for SEK -1.2 million loss (SEK
139.5 million) and KI´s subsidiary Karolinska Institutet Holding
AB earnings was preliminarily for SEK +8.8 million (SEK -31.5
million). Additional information under the heading Change in
capital for the year.
In this section, Agresso should be considered as the source
unless otherwise stated.
Bacherlor’s and Master’s education
Revenue
The total increase in revenue for the year, SEK 37.4 million over
last year’s figure, is due to an increase in the direct government
funding of SEK 41.7 million (5.0 per cent). As KI has exceeded
what is known as the funding cap in the settlement for full-time
equivalent (FTE) students and annual performance equivalents
(APE) in 2013, SEK 30.4 million in direct government funding
savings from previous years have been returned. In total, KI has
SEK 19.4 million in remaining direct government funding savings
at the close of 2013 (further information in the direct government
funding report and Note 1. KI received an additional SEK 7.3
million in appropriated funds in 2013, directed at the expansion
of nursing programmes. The direct government funding has been
adjusted for prices and salaries by 0.57 per cent (0.9 per cent).
Activities within the scope of the ALF agreement are reported in the section KI in Society – Collaboration and Innovation.
Revenue in the item fees and other remuneration decreased
compared to 2012, which is due to factors such as the Swedish
National Board for Health and Welfare’s investment in education within the field of psychiatry ended in 2012. Further
information in Note 2.
The item revenue from grants consists primarily of grants
from other government agencies transferred to KI for educational activities.
Expenses
Total expenses for the year decreased by SEK 15.1 million compared to 2012, and we see reduced expenses in all types of expenses, except for the item operating expenses, which increased
by 4.3 per cent. The increase in operating expenses arises mainly
in purchasing of services.
Financial expenses consists of the item interest on overdue
payments. Depreciation increased, which is mainly due to
increased investments in interior fixtures and fittings and equipment connected to the new buildings that have come into use
over the course of the year.
48
Total: Bachelor’s and Master’s education
2010–2013 (SEK millions)
2010
2011
2012
2013
754.0
805.5
833.1
874.8
Fees and other remuneration
83.9
100.0
100.6
97.3
Grants
12.7
20.6
19.8
18.9
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
850.7
926.2
953.6
991.0
434.0
488.2
507.7
483.4
99.6
99.0
109.2
100.4
295.1
318.1
335.7
350.3
REVENUE
Financial income
Total revenue
COSTS
Staff
Premises
Other operating costs
Financial expenses
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.1
23.3
17.9
12.2
15.7
852.1
923.5
965.0
949.9
Government funding
4.3
7.3
7.6
7.6
Funding from other
government agencies
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Other funding
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
-4.3
-7.3
-7.6
-7.7
-1.4
2.6
-11.4
41.1
Balance brought forward
137.9
136.5
139.1
127.8
Total (balance carried
forward)
136.5
139.1
127.8
168.8
Depreciation
Total costs
TRANSFERS
Grants paid
CHANGE IN CAPITAL
For the year
Research and doctoral education
Revenue
Research revenue for the year amounted to SEK 4,804.8 million
(SEK 4,692.0 million).
The direct government funding was increased by SEK 30.4
million, 1.8 per cent, compared to 2012. The increase is not as
extensive compared to previous years because the Government’s
increased investment in strategic research areas, SFO, has
subsided as planned in 2013. The takeover of activities from the
Swedish Institute for Communicable Disease Control is funded
by a direct government funding from 2013; this funding was
also in place in 2012 as external grants. The direct government
funding has been adjusted for prices and salaries by 0.57 per
cent (0.9 per cent).
FINANCIAL REPORT
Activities within the scope of the ALF agreement are reported in
the section KI in Society – Collaboration and Innovation.
Fees and other remuneration decreased by SEK 57.9 million
compared to the previous year. In 2012, the commission from
Stockholm County Council concerning KI’s Public Health
Academy came to an end, which had a corresponding reduction
in the revenue for the year of SEK 68.7 million. Further information is contained in the table in Note 2.
Revenue from grants increased by SEK 144.5 million or
6.5 per cent. The largest increase was due to increased grants
from government agencies and councils, as well as Swedish
non-governmental donors and foundations. Grants from the EU
also increased (further information in the list of large individual
funding sources in Table 8).
Financial income decreased by SEK 4.2 million compared to
2012, due primarily to a lower rate of interest on the proceeds
on the interest-bearing account at the Swedish National Debt
Office. In 2013, the annual average interest rate on the interestbearing account was 1.01 per cent (1.47 per cent).
Expenses
Total expense for the year was increased by SEK 306 million,
6.7 per cent, compared with 2012.
Staff costs were increased by SEK 143.5 million, 6.1 per cent,
compared with 2012. The number of FTE employees increased
by 91 compared with the same period in 2012, with the largest
increase seen in research activities. The result of the salary
review on 1 October 2013 was an average increase of 2.4 per cent.
At the end of the year, KI’s premises portfolio amounted to
218,870 m2 (213,881 m2), an increase of 2.3 per cent, the largest
increase resulting from research activities. In addition to the
indexed increase in rents, the expense increase is the result of
expansion of operations and several new buildings coming into
use (further information in the section Common to the Entire
Organisation).
Increased operating costs, 4.3 per cent,is the result of expanded operations.
Financial expenses consist primarily of the items interest
expenses at the Swedish National Debt Office and exchange
rate losses. Despite an increase in borrowing for investments
this year, interest expenses decreased due to lower interest rates
on loans from the Swedish National Debt Office. The annual
average interest rate in 2013 was 1.01 per cent (1.47 per cent).
Depreciation increased, which is primarily due to increased
investments in interior fixtures and fittings and equipment
connected to the new buildings that have come into use over the
course of the year.
Total: research and doctoral education (including
asset management) 2010–2013 (SEK millions)
2010
2011
2012
2013
1,581.5
1,630.1
1,732.4
1,762.8
696.8
641.0
670.1
612.2
2,095.0
2,077.6
2,234.6
2,379.1
29.1
65.6
54.9
50.7
4,402.4
4,414.3
4,692.0
4,804.8
2,171.7
2,265.2
2,363.5
2,507.0
465.0
486.7
557.7
640.8
1,364.0
1,326.7
1,433.2
1,494.2
7.4
28.3
8.9
9.5
134.1
157.2
177.8
195.6
4,142.2
4,264.1
4,541.1
4,847.1
Government funding
6.1
13.2
12.2
13.4
Funding from other
government agencies
20.9
29.6
34.7
42.2
Other funding
35.5
82.9
84.7
86.9
-62.5
-125.7
-131.6
-142.5
For the year
260.2
150.2
150.9
-42.3
Balance brought forward
552.9
813.1
954.3
1,105.2
Total (balance carried
forward)
813.1
963.3
1,105.2
1,062.9
REVENUE
Direct government
funding
Fees and other
remuneration
Grants
Financial income
Total revenue
COSTS
Staff
Premises
Financial expenses
Depreciation
Total costs
TRANSFERS
Grants paid
CHANGE IN CAPITAL
49
FINANCIAL REPORT
Funding
KI’s revenue is categorised by sources of funding according to
the diagram. The largest individual sources of external funding
are listed in the Tables Appendix, Table 8.
Karolinska Institutet’s revenue for 2013, SEK 5,796 million in total
(SEK 5,646 million)
Research councils 14 % (13 %)
Government
funding 46 % (45 %)
Other government
agencies 7 % (7 %)
Swedish foundations
and organisations 14 % (13 %)
Foreign foundations
and organisations 6 % (6 %)
Swedish companies4 % (4 %)
Foreign sompanies 1% (1%)
Financial revenue
County councils
1 % (1 %)
and municipalities 7 % (10 %)
Grant awarded to other organisations
In 2013, KI awarded grants of SEK 1 million to the Verksamhetsstaden Foundation and SEK 500,000 to the Flemingsberg
Science Foundation.
Change in capital for the year
The net change in capital, SEK 7.6 million (SEK 108 million),
is related to business education at the Bachelor’s and Master’s
education plus SEK 41.1 million and research and doctoral education, with minus 42.3 million kronor. The positive change in
capital for education depends largely on the lag in consumption
of government subsidies for yet executed operations. As for the
research so derived, the negative change in capital for the most
part to activities that are funded by direct government funding.
It can be concluded that the business is growing at a faster rate
than before, resulting in faster consumption of both this year’s
and previous years’ funds received. KI’s subsidiary, Karolinska
Institutet Holding AB, showed a positive outcome of 8.8 million.
This amount consists of the 2013 preliminary results and the
adjusted fixed income for 2012.
Statement of financial performance by operational area 2013 (SEK millions)
Total
Bachelor’s and Master’s
education
Research and doctoral
education
2,637.6
874.8
1,762.8
Revenue
Fees and other remuneration
Grants
Financial income
Total revenue
709.5
97.3
612.2
2,398.0
18.9
2,379.1
50.7
0.0
50.7
5,795.8
991.0
4,804.8
2,990.3
483.4
2,507.0
741.2
100.4
640.8
1,844.5
350.3
1,494.2
9.6
0.1
9.5
211.4
15.7
195.6
5,797.0
949.9
4,847.1
-1.2
41.1
-42.3
Costs
Staff
Premises
Financial expenses
Depreciation
Total costs
Change in capital for the year (excluding subsidiaries and
general revenue)
Profit/loss from holdings in subsidiaries and
associated companies
8.8
Profit/loss from collection of general revenue
0.0
Change in capital for the year (including subsidiaries and
general revenue)
7.6
50
FINANCIAL REPORT
Outcome compared with forecast
Statement of financial performance 2013 (SEK millions)
Result
Forecast
Difference
Revenue
2,638
2,653
External funding, fees and grants
3,107
3,081
51
46
5,796
5,780
2,990
3,005
741
700
1,845
1,830
Financial
Total revenue
16
Costs
Staff
Premises
Operating costs
Financial
10
10
211
213
5,797
5,758
39
-1
22
-23
Depreciation
Total costs
Comments on the differences between outcome
and forecast
Net advances from external funding sources and
liquid assets
The difference between the outcome and the forecast for the
item direct government funding is due to an excessively low
estimate in the interim report of the amount of previous years’
direct government funding savings for Bachelor’s and Master’s
education that were returned, and because transfers of direct
government funding to other universities were not taken into
consideration.
Further differences requiring comment are seen in the income item external funding, fees and grants. This item is difficult to
estimate as it is uncertain, at the time of the forecast, how much
of the external funding will be used to finance various activities.
External funding is revenue only when they are consumed, as
opposed to government appropriations, which are revenue in
their entirety when received, regardless of their use.
Expenses regarding premises are the main difference in the
expense item category. Premises expenses were higher than
anticipated due to the ongoing major infrastructure investments, which are difficult to forecast accurately.
Unexpended grants and deferred revenue from commissions
relate to non-accrued expenses for activities where remuneration
is reimbursed in advance by the funding source. Accrued grants
and revenue consists of accrued expenses for ongoing externally
funded activities, where remuneration is received afterwards
and where agreements/contracts are available to confirm this.
The table below shows how the development of advances
from grants and commission-funded activities have changed
over time. The table is reduced with ongoing work invoiced/
requisitioned retrospectively and liquid assets.
Agency capital
Accumulated agency capital, including the net change in capital,
amounted to SEK 1,296.2 million (1,288.6), divided in subsidiaries of SEK 64.3 million (SEK 55.5 million), asset management
SEK 31.5 million (30.2 million) and ongoing activities
SEK 1,200.4 million (SEK 1,202.9 million). Further information
in Notes 11 and 25.
Net advances and liquid assets 2010–2013 (SEK millions)
2010
2011
2012
2013
2,224
2,277
2,313
2,445
362
358
294
260
-216
-205
-208
-256
-4
-9
-8
-10
Net advances
2,366
2,421
2,391
2,439
Liquid assets, bank and Swedish National Debt Office
3,064
3,384
3,388
3,290
Unexpended grants
Deferred revenue from commissions
Accrued grants
Accrued revenue from commissions
51
FINANCIAL REPORT
Asset management
Yield
Karolinska Institutet administers individual donations intended
for medical science at KI. Donations are categorised into:
1. Funds reported within KI as an authority
2. Independent foundations that are their own legal entities
For funds, which are managed and reported within KI, both the
return and the capital may be used. The foundations are separate
legal entities, and issue their own separate annual reports. The
foundations distribute return to KI are reported as external
grants in KI’s accounting. Summaries of KI’s foundations’ are
reported in order to provide a complete picture of KI’s donated
assets, regardless of their legal format.
The total yield of the portfolio was 9.8 per cent in 2013. The
relative yield compared to the market index was -2.8 percentage
points. This is due to factors including ethical restrictions and
exposure to shares in growth markets.
Yield in per cent compared with the reference
index 2010–2013
2010
2011
2012
2013
KI’s funds
1.9
-3.8
6.4
9.8
Reference index
4.1
0.9
6.9
12.6
Yield is stated net, i.e. including dividends and deductions for administrative
costs. Share indices are stated inclusive of reinvested dividends.
Funds
Indices used for comparison in 2013
Growth of invested funds during 2013
Swedish fixed interest
OMRX Bond
30 %
Shares
MSCI World NDR (expressed
in SEK)
40 %
Alternative investments
SSVX 12 M + 3 percentage
points (year on year)
30 %
At the end of the year, the market value of the mutual funds and
fixed income funds administered by KI amounted to SEK 270.7
million (SEK 259.0 million). In 2013, the net outflow (difference
between purchases and sales of funds) was SEK -14.3 million
(SEK -28.6 million) and the change in value SEK +25.7 million
(SEK +16 million). The portfolio consists of 38.6 per cent
(49.3 per cent) Swedish and foreign mutual funds and 33.4 per
cent (41.1 per cent) Swedish fixed income assets. Alternative investments account for 28 per cent (9.6 per cent) of the portfolio.
Interest-bearing
securities 26,9 %
Alternative
investments 28 %
Dividends from KI’s funds
In 2013, SEK 67.7 million in dividends has been allocated to
organisations that are part of KI. This is distributed by purpose
in accordance with the table below.
Payments from KI’s funds (SEK millions)
Research grants
Cash 6,5 %
Swedish
share funds 7,9 %
2010
2011
2012
2013
32.0
44.8
35.1
61.4
Travel grants
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
First-cycle education
0.9
1.1
0.1
0.4
Other
20.0
20.0
20.0
5.3
Total
53.5
66.5
55.8
67.7
Donations to KI
Global share index funds 30,7 %
52
In 2013, KI has received a total of SEK 82.3 million (SEK 90.9
million) in external donations. Individual donations of SEK 2
million or more are reported below.
FINANCIAL REPORT
Amount (SEK
millions)
Research purpose
Donor
Breast cancer research
Hans & Märit Rausing
20.0
Medical research and doctoral education
Tyra and Gustav Svensson Memorial Foundation
14.6
Professorship in clinical treatment
Meda AB
7.0
Jubilee professorship
Torsten Söderberg Foundation
7.0
Cognitive neuroscience
Jochnick Foundation
5.0
Mission: Fight Stroke
Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation
4.5
Support for young research assistants
Bertil Hållsten’s Research Foundation
4.0
Scientific research primarily concerning cancer
Sune and Charlotta Hay Foundation
3.3
Support for young, gifted researchers
William K. Bowes Jr Foundation
2.7
Haematology research
Dr Åke Olsson Foundation
2.5
Haematology research
Björn & Lena Ulvaeus
2.0
Cognitive neuroscience
Mattias & Sonia Westman
2.0
KI’s foundations
There are 216 associated foundations that issue financial statements and annual reports. No new foundations were established
in 2013. Nineteen foundations have been completed at the
discretion of, either, the Swedish Legal, Financial and Administrative Services Agency or of KI’s Board of Research since the
entire capital may be claimed in order to fulfil the foundation’s
purpose. New donations totalling SEK 17.3 million have been
invested in existing foundations. In comparison with 2013
net wealth has increased by 163 million, or 13.2 percent, after
dividends included new donations. At the end of the year, the
foundations’ assets consisted of Swedish shares 19 per cent (22),
foreign shares 42 per cent (41), hedge funds 19 per cent (8),
fixed income securities 19 per cent (27) and liquid assets 0.5 per
cent (2). During the year, SEK 29 million has been awarded to
KI from the foundations, SEK 2.2 million of which consisted of
released restricted assets. The purpose and direction of the grant
is determined by the aim of each foundation. For foundations
under the management of KI, KI has received remuneration of
SEK 1 million for administrative expenses.
Foundations 2010–2013 (SEK millions)
Asset value
Grants awarded*
2010
2011
2012
2013
1,244
1,166
1,235
1,398
47.5
45.1
35.8
29.6
*Amounts for 2010–2011 are adjusted with regard to research grants to KI from
external foundations. They have previously been erroneously reported here.
53
FINANCIAL REPORT
Statement of financial performance (SEK in thousands)
Outcome
Outcome
01/01/2013
01/01/2012
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
2,637,584
2,565,547
709,537
770,747
2,397,965
2,254,418
50,730
54,902
5,795,816
5,645,615
-2,990,305
-2,871,225
-741,187
-666,949
-1,844,491
-1,768,913
-9,649
-9,010
-211,369
-189,991
-5,797,001
-5,506,088
-1,184
139,527
8,825
-31,542
2,186
2,117
-2,219
-2,114
-34
3
Funding received from the Government budget for the financing of grants
20,984
19,801
Funding received from Government agencies for the financing of grants
42,191
34,745
Other funding received for the financing of grants
87,119
84,661
-150,294
-139,206
0
0
7,606
107,989
Operating revenue
Revenue from direct government funding (Note 1)
Revenue from fees and other remuneration (Note 2)
Revenue from grants (Note 3)
Financial income (Note 4)
Total revenue
Operating expenses
Staff costs (Note 5)
Premises costs (Note 6)
Other operating costs (Note 7)
Financial expenses (Note 8)
Depreciation and write-downs (Notes 12–14)
Total costs
Operating profit/loss
Profit/loss from holdings in associated companies and subsidiary
Collection of general revenue(Note 9)
Revenue from fees etc. and other revenue not at the authority’s disposal
General revenue transferred to the Government budget
Balance
Transfers (Note 10)
Grants distributed
Balance
CHANGE IN CAPITAL FOR THE YEAR (Note 11)
54
FINANCIAL REPORT
Balance sheet (SEK in thousands)
ASSETS
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
Capitalised expenditure for development
5,199
3,828
Rights and other intangible fixed assets
3,528
2,972
8,727
6,800
34,327
42,631
827,873
662,921
44,472
65,272
906,672
770,824
64,282
55,458
226,139
236,251
290,421
291,709
Accounts receivable
136,419
145,359
Receivables from other Government agencies (Note 18)
114,948
95,014
874
303
252,241
240,676
Prepaid expenses (Note 20)
161,628
151,478
Accrued grant revenue (Note 21)
256,053
207,733
Other accrued revenue (Note 22)
19,226
10,512
436,907
369,724
-19,778
-50,130
-19,778
-50,130
3,182,339
3,244,073
107,530
143,503
3,289,868
3,387,576
5,165,058
5,017,179
Intangible fixed assets (Note 12)
Total intangible fixed assets
Tangible fixed assets
Expenditure for improvements to leased property (Note 13)
Machinery, equipment, fixtures and fittings etc. (Note 14)
Fixed assets under construction (Note 15)
Total tangible fixed assets
Financial fixed assets
Holdings in associated companies and subsidiary (Note 16)
Other long-term securities holdings (Note 17)
Total financial fixed assets
Receivables
Other receivables (Note 19)
Total receivables
Cut-off items
Total cut-off items
Settlement with the Government
Settlement with the Government (Note 23)
Total settlement with the Government
Cash and bank balances
Balance of the interest-bearing account at the Swedish National Debt Office (Note 24)
Cash, plusgiro and bank balances
Total cash and bank balances
TOTAL ASSETS
55
FINANCIAL REPORT
CAPITAL AND LIABILITIES
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
5,238
5,238
50,458
82,000
1,232,865
1,093,334
7,606
107,989
1,296,167
1,288,561
Provisions for pensions and similar obligations (Note 26)
10,299
7,438
Other provisions (Note 27)
31,083
39,776
41,382
47,214
Loans at the Swedish National Debt Office (Note 28)
541,210
442,336
Liabilities to other Government agencies
113,275
105,610
Accounts payable
187,728
247,332
Other liabilities
119,147
137,349
Total liabilities etc.
961,360
932,627
141, 059
133,031
2,444,749
2,313,002
280,341
302,743
2,866,149
2,748,777
5,165,058
5,017,179
40,644
183,900
Agency capital (notes 11+25)
Government capital
Shares of earnings in associated companies and subsidiary
Change in capital brought forward
Change in capital according to the statement of financial performance
Total agency capital
Provisions
Total provisions
Liabilities etc.
Cut-off items
Accrued expenses (Note 29)
Unexpended grants (Note 30)
Other prepaid revenue (Note 31)
Total cut-off items
TOTAL CAPITAL AND LIABILITIES
Contingent liabilities (Note 32)
56
FINANCIAL REPORT
Accounting Principles
This annual report has been prepared in accordance with the
Swedish Annual Reports and Budget Documentation Ordinance
(2000:605). Karolinska Institutet follows generally accepted
accounting principles, in accordance with the Swedish National
Financial Management Authority’s general advice on Section 6
of the Swedish Book-keeping Ordinance (2000:606).
Revenue and costs are allocated to a particular period in
accordance with the accruals concept. The cut-off amount is
SEK 20,000.
The limit for a write-off against equity is set at SEK 20,000.
Valuation of receivables and liabilities
Receivables have been entered at the amount which, after individual examination, is expected to be paid. In those cases where
invoices or equivalent have been received after the set cut-off
date (03/01/2014) or where the amount of the receivable or liability was not known exactly when the accounts were produced,
these amounts are reported as cut-off items. Foreign currency
receivables and liabilities have been valued at the exchange rate
on the balance sheet date.
Valuation of bank balances in foreign
currencies
Foreign currency bank account balances have been valued at the
exchange rate on the balance sheet date.
Donations
The acquisition value of a donation is valued at its market value
on the acquisition date. In the case of bequeathed gifts, the
acquisition date is considered to be the date the estate is settled.
Valuation of intangible fixed assets
Intangible fixed assets are assets developed by KI which are
intended to increase KI’s administrative service potential. Their
financial lifetime shall be at least three years and their acquisition value shall be at least SEK 20,000. The acquisition value
includes both external purchases and KI’s own direct costs.
Facilities are depreciated linearly at a maximum of five years
from the month of acquisition.
Valuation of tangible fixed assets
Assets, excluding computers, intended for permanent use with
an acquisition value of at least SEK 20,000 and have an estimated financial lifetime of three years or longer are defined as fixed
assets. Computers with an acquisition value of up to SEK 30,000
are reported as costs immediately if their estimated financial
lifetime is less than three years.
Objects, which together constitute a functional unit, with a
combined acquisition value of SEK 20,000 or more are classified
as fixed assets. These assets are reported at their acquisition
value less accumulated depreciation according to plan. Fixed
assets are depreciated linearly over their assessed financial
lifetime. The depreciation periods for machinery, equipment,
fixtures and fittings etc. are applied according to an estimated
life of three, five or ten years.
Financial fixed assets
Bonds: On purchase, the purchase price is entered in the balance
sheet as a financial asset. On selling, the financial assets are
reduced by the book value and any difference is entered in the
statement of financial performance as a capital gain or capital
loss.
Shares/participations: On purchase, the purchase price is
entered in the balance sheet as a financial asset. On selling, the
financial assets are reduced by the book value and the difference
is entered in the statement of financial performance as a capital
gain or capital loss.
Depreciation and appreciation: If the total market value of the
portfolio is considerably less than the book value and it is not
certain whether this decrease is permanent, a depreciation is
performed. Depreciation is entered by reducing financial assets
in the balance sheet against en increase in financial expenses
in the statement of financial performance. Depreciations and
appreciations are reversed by decreasing or increasing financial
expenses when the market value rises.
Externally financed operations
When allocating grants or fees to a particular period, the
revenue for the period is determined by the costs for the period.
Residual revenue from grants or fees is allocated to a particular
period as unexpended grants/fees or other prepaid revenue.
Unexpended revenue that is not grants or fees is taken up as
income against the change in capital for the year.
For projects where payment is received afterwards and where
this is confirmed by an agreement/contract, the costs are allocated to a particular period against other accrued revenue (in the
case of fee financing) or as accrued grantrevenue (in the case of
grant financing). If there is no agreement/contract, the costs are
taken up as income and affect the change in capital for the year.
KI Holding AB
On 1 January 1998, Karolinska Institutet took over the administration of Karolinska Institutet Holding AB from the Ministry
of Industry and Commerce. In the annual report, details of
participations in subsidiaries are reported as share in earnings
according to the equity method. The holding is reported in the
balance sheet under the items Holdings in associated companies
and subsidiary, Government capital and Shares in earnings in
associated companies and subsidiary.
57
FINANCIAL REPORT
Expenditure for improvements to
leased property
Improvements to leased property are treated as a direct cost
when they amount to a maximum of SEK 500,000. Investments
totalling a higher amount will be dealt with via rent surcharges.
Reporting of combined positions
In 2012, KI changed accounting principles for National
Government Employee Pensions Board (SPV) premiums which
apply to doctors holding combined positions (doctors whose
posts are shared between KI and Stockholm County Council,
SCC), in accordance with directives from the Swedish National
Financial Management Authority (ESV). Previously, KI entered
SPV premiums to SCC as an non-governmental VAT-exempt
remuneration. The amendment affects the item Other revenue
from fees and remuneration, which has been reduced, see Note
2. Beginning in 2012, SCC’s pension premiums were reported
as a cost reduction which affects the item employer’ contributions, pension premiums and other fees in accordance with laws
and agreements, see Note 5. Corrections to the 2011 figures are
made in the financial tables.
Exemption from certain provisions for
universities and university colleges in
accordance with the direct government
funding directions
Universities and university colleges are granted exemption
from the provision on settlement of funding in accordance with
Sections 5 and 16 of the Swedish Appropriation Ordinance
(1996:1189). Settlements against direct government funding and
direct government funding items for funds paid out to educational institutions’ interest-bearing accounts at the Swedish
National Debt Office must take place in connection with the
monthly payments to the respective educational institution’s
interest-bearing account at the Swedish National Debt Office.
58
Universities and university colleges are granted an exemption
from Section 11 of the Swedish Direct government funding
Ordinance (1996:1189) in that educational institutions may
transfer both surplus production and unused funding caps
(funding saving) to the subsequent budget year, up to a maximum of ten per cent of the funding cap, without specifically
requesting the government’s consent.
from the provision in Chapter 2, Section 4, Paragraph 3 of the
(2000:605), which states that the annual report must include an
account of key indicators. Universities and university colleges
must instead provide information in accordance with Appendix 6.
from the requirement, as set out in Chapter 2, Section 4 of the
(2000:605), to submit a cash flow statement to the government
as part of their annual report.
Information
In accordance with the Swedish National Financial Management Authority’s guidance on operations with several sources
of funding (ESV 2006:28), each of the sources should be used
in parallel. One of the reasons for this is to provide an accurate
picture of how resources are used. KI has significant sources of
external funding, primarily for grant-financed research, which
involves funds having been applied for and granted for research
into a specific subject. Funds are granted subject to contractual
conditions and must be used in accordance with the plan set
out in the contract. Grant funding received is not directly linked
to performance, instead it is to cover the costs of conducting
research into a specific subject, as identified by the researchers
in their application. Taking this into account, KI does not apply
the principle of parallel consumption completely since grant
funding is usually granted to cover specific costs and notperformance.
FINANCIAL REPORT
Direct government funding report
Transferred
balance
brought
forward
Allocation for
the year under
public service
agreement
49,785
602,939
0
16.2:71 17 Dental care centre
Transferred
balance
Reallocated
amount
Called
in
Total
available
amount
0
652,724
633,368
19,356
1,338,788
1,338,788
1,338,788
0
0
95,360
95,360
95,360
0
16.2:71 18 Test following
doctors’ preregistration practice
0
4,494
4,494
4,494
0
16.2:71 39 Quality-based
allocation of resources
0
176
176
176
0
Total
0
100,030
100,030
100,030
0
580,378
580,378
580,378
0
6,004
6,004
0
Expenditure
carried
forward
16.2:15 Bachelor’s and Master’s
education (framework)
16.2:15 1 Funding cap
0
16.2:16 Research and doctoral
education (framework)
16.2:16 2 Basic resources
16.2:71 Special mandate for
universities and university colleges
0
0
16.2:72 Remuneration for clinical
education and research
16.2:72 6 Karolinska Institutet
16.2:72 9 Commission to
develop clinical
education & research
0
6,004
Total
0
586,382
0
0
586,382
586,382
0
Total
49,785
2,628, 139
0
0
2,677,924
2,658,568
19,356
Terms of direct government funding 2:15, A.I. 1: Targeted Expansion of Nursing Programmes
For 2013–2014, KI has been granted SEK 7.3 million per year to expand its nursing programmes. As KI was only informed about
these funds in June 2013, it has not been possible to implement any expansion over the course of the year. KI will expand its nursing
programmes by 30 places in 2014, which corresponds to SEK 9 million. The remainder of the direct government funding will be allocated
to 55 full year places in specialist nursing programmes, specialising in medical and surgical care.
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Total by
programme
0
2,273
3,030
3,030
758
9,090
Specialist nursing programme –
medical care
960
1,970
0
0
0
2,929
Specialist nursing programme –
surgical care
808
1,818
0
0
0
2,626
1,768
6,060
3,030
3,030
758
14,645
Nursing programme, campus
Total
59
FINANCIAL REPORT
Terms of Direct government funding 2:16, A.I. 2
Remuneration according
to direct government
funding directions (SEK
in thousands)
Expenditure (SEK in
thousands)
Balance carried forward
(SEK in thousands)
Cancer
19,172
15,430
4,357
Diabetes
28,160
26,007
2,302
Epidemiology
10,057
10,081
46
Neuroscience
28,160
23,280
5,048
Stem cells and regenerative medicine
30,171
17,645
12,699
Care research
20,114
23,977
-3,704
137,198
116,420
20,778
Total
Care research: The deficit in care research is offset by the surplus from previous years.
Stem cells: The surplus includes a recruitment package for one professorship and a visiting professorship The recruitment process is
ongoing in both cases and will hopefully be concluded in the first half of 2014.
Terms of Direct government funding 2:72, A.I. 9
Remuneration according to direct government funding directions (SEK in thousands)
Outcome (SEK in thousands)
850
850
1,052
1,052
Gothenburg University
912
912
Umeå University
875
875
Linköping University
703
703
1,612
1,612
Total
6,004
6,004
Uppsala University
Lund University
Revenue headings report
Revenue
2,542,001
Patient fees connected to dentistry programme
2,219
Total
2,219
Chargeable activities where revenue is not at KI’s disposal
Revenue 2013
Surplus/
deficit
until
2011
Surplus/
deficit
until
2012
196
199
Budget
Outcome
2,000
2,186
Costs 2013
Budget
Outcome
Surplus/
deficit
2013
Surplus/
deficit
carried
forward
2013
2,000
2,219
-34
165
Dental care centre
Patient fees
60
NOTES
Notes (SEK in thousands)
Note 1. Revenue from Direct government funding
31/12/2013
Bachelor’s (first-cycle) and Master’s (second-cycle) education
Research and doctoral (third-cycle) education
31/12/2012
733,398
697,466
1,322,196
1,291,751
581,990
576,330
Remuneration for clinical education and research
2,637,584
Table 1a
Report of the number of full-time equivalent students (FTEs) and annual performance equivalents (APEs).
Result for the period 01/01/2012 to 31/12/2012
Outcome FTEs
Outcome APEs
FTE remuneration
(SEK in thousands)
APE remuneration
(SEK in thousands)
2,565,547
Outcome
Total remuneration
Education area
Humanities
30
28
837
Social sciences
459
463
Natural sciences
444
393
Technology
Care
Odontology
529
1,366
13,034
8,913
21,947
22,384
16,691
39,075
122
115
6,170
4,886
11,056
1,891
1,764
101,271
81,835
183,106
428
384
18,977
19,829
38,806
Medicine
2,639
2,443
157,963
177,818
335,781
Total
6,014
5,589
320,636
310,502
631,138
602,939
Funding cap (SEK in thousands)
The report shows that the educational institution exceeds the funding cap by (SEK in thousands)
28,199
The report shows that the educational institution is below the funding cap by (SEK in thousands)
0
Table 2a
Calculation of direct government funding savings and surplus production (SEK in thousands)
A. Available funds (including agreed additional budget)
Funding cap for the year
+ any direct government funding savings brought forward
602,939
49,785
Total (A)
652,724
B. Total result for first and second-cycle education
Remuneration for APEs from December in the previous budget year
Outcome total remuneration in accordance with Table 1
2,230
631,138
+ any use of previous surplus production
0
633,368
Total (B)
Total (A-B) 1
19,356
Table. Direct government funding savings
Total direct government funding savings carried forward (A-B)
- any direct government funding savings above 10% of the funding cap
Direct government funding savings carried forward
19,356
2
19,356
Table. Surplus production
Total surplus production carried forward
- any surplus production above 10% of the funding cap
Surplus production carried forward
19,356
2
0
61
NOTES
Note 2. Revenue from fees and other remuneration
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
Section 4 of the Swedish Fees Ordinance
106,301
82,791
Revenue from commissions
269,247
364,613
Remuneration from SCC in accordance with the ALF/RDE Contract.
132,461
32,566
15,725
0
Revenue from fees and remuneration in accordance with
Remuneration from non-governmental wage agreements not covered by the ALF Contract
Other revenue from fees and remuneration, governmental
Other revenue from fees and remuneration, non-governmental
39,880
32,325
145,923
258,452
709,537
770,747
The increase in Section 4 revenue is due to increased rental income and increased tuition fees for students from third countries.
The accumulated surplus of chargeable activities amounts to SEK 86,305,000, which represents 21.6 per cent of the operation’s turnover,
SEK 398,722,000. Part of the surplus will be used within the scope of enhanced collaboration with SCC in Public Health Sciences. It will
also be used for the co-financing of projects where full cost coverage is not achieved. The surplus will be used, for example, to develop
new courses within the framework of contract education.
Activity
Surplus/
deficit until
2011
Surplus/
deficit 2012
Revenue
2013
Costs 2013
Surplus/
deficit 2013
Accumulated
surplus/
deficit carried
forward 2013
Education at first or second-cycle level
Commissioned education
4,642
-1,668
6,780
7,761
-981
1,993
Commissioned education
9,156
10,873
54,653
58,494
-3,841
16,188
Education for students who are
obliged to pay tuition fees
-3,416
-171
9,263
7,551
1,712
-1,875
Total
10,382
9,034
70,696
73,806
-3,110
16,306
Vocational college, post-secondary
vocational education and training etc.
Research or education at third-cycle level
Commissioned research
54,034
22,207
290,310
296,038
-5,728
70,513
Total
53,034
22,207
290,310
296,038
-5,728
70,513
Activities where full cost coverage requirements do not apply
Swedish Scholastic Aptitude Tests
Letting apartments 1
- exchange programmes and visiting
researchers
0
0
214
214
0
0
-19
-245
728
978
-250
-514
36,774
36,774
37,716
37,966
-250
-514
Letting apartments 1
- Government Decision (U2010/4277/UH)
Optician centre
Other activities in accordance with
Appendix 4 2
Total
-19
-245
¹ Karolinska Institutet does not deal with the actual letting of accommodation for international students and visiting researchers, but procures this as a service from Karolinska Institutet Housing
AB (formerly University Accommodation Center AB, UAC), a subsidiary of KI Holding AB. KI paid a fee of SEK 6,192,000 for this in 2013 (SEK 3,492,000). The increase of this fee is due to a
supplemental agreement covering the rental of 70 homes in Vårberg. In addition, KI has had miscellaneous costs of SEK 853,000 (SEK 261,000). These costs are covered by direct government
funding. As letting takes place in this way, it is not classified in KI’s accounts as fee-financed activities. KI Housing makes 308 (277) apartments available to KI, of which 63 (64) are researcher
apartments and 213 (213) are student rooms. KI Housing has let apartments/rooms to a total of c. 825 (808) international student and visiting researchers over the course of 2013. The occupancy
rate was around 87 per cent. In addition, KI let accommodation to visiting researchers for a total of SEK 214,000 (SEK 339,000) in 2013. The cost is assessed to be the same. The need for
apartments/rooms is expected to increase in line with increased international exchanges and collaboration.
² KI let premises to external tenants for a total of SEK 37,716,000 (SEK 42,280,000) in 2013. There is no separate cost accounting for this activity, but full cost coverage is taken as the starting point,
which is why the cost is specified in line with the revenue. KI’s policy is to rent entire buildings if possible in order to have full usage rights of the premises in its portfolio. Unused premises are
then used as a reserve in case of future needs and are rented out.
62
NOTES
Note 3. Revenue from grants
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
Revenue from grants from other Government agencies
1,034,761
983,626
Revenue from grants, non-Governmental
1,363,204
1,270,792
2,397,965
2,254,418
Note 4. Financial income
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
Interest on interest-bearing account at the Swedish National Debt Office
32,052
46,971
Capital gains on the disposal of financial fixed assets
13,043
2,742
5,635
5,189
50,730
54,902
Other financial income
The reduction in interest income at the Swedish National Debt Office is due to a lower rate of interest on the interest-bearing account in
2013 compared with 2012. The annual average interest rate on the interest-bearing account for 2013 was 1.01 per cent (1.47 per cent).
Note 5. Staff costs
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
1,912,948
1,833,872
925,333
894,596
Educational grants
72,700
70,061
Other staff costs
79,324
72,696
2,990,305
2,871,225
Salary costs excluding employer's contributions, pension premiums and other
fees in accordance with laws and agreements
Employer's contributions, pension premiums and other fees in accordance
with laws and agreements
In 2013, staff costs increased by SEK 119.1 million (4.1 per cent), compared with the previous year. In October 2013, KI had
4,778 employees – equivalent to 4,283 full-time time employees – an increase of 91 (2.2 per cent) when compared with the same period
in 2012.
Note 6. Premises costs
At the end of the year, KI’s premises portfolio totalled 218,870 m² (213,881 m²). Premises costs rose in total by approximately SEK 74 million
compared with 2012. In addition to the indexed increase in rents, the cost increase is the result of expansion of operations and several
new buildings coming into use (further information in the section Common to the Entire Organisation).
Note 7. Other operating costs
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
Remuneration for clinical education and research (ALF funding)
580,378
574,400
Travel, conferences, information and entertainment
140,201
135,537
Purchases of goods for laboratory activities
283,356
270,784
Bought-in services
498,146
470,417
Other goods and services
153,440
153,402
188,970
164,373
1,844,491
1,768,913
63
NOTES
Note 8. Financial expenses
Interest on loans at the Swedish National Debt Office
Interest on overdue payments
Exchange rate losses
Other financial expenses
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
4,975
5,917
309
327
3,593
2,300
772
467
9,649
9,010
The reduction in interest expenses at the Swedish National Debt Office is due to a lower rate of interest on the interest-bearing account in 2013 compared with 2012.
The annual average interest rate on the interest-bearing account for 2013 was 1.01 per cent (1.47 per cent).
Note 9. Collection of general revenue
The balance relates to the net change in potential bad debt losses for non-payment of patient fees at the Institute of Odontology.
Note 10. Transfers
Other funds received to finance grants
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
Funding received from municipalities and county councils
2,195
3,026
Funding received from private companies
3,892
3,368
Funding received from international organisations
4,958
4,129
Funding received from EU institutions
15,060
13,017
Funding received from foundations
33,196
31,589
Funding received from others sources
27,818
29,532
87,119
84,661
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
-4,833
-4,743
Grants distributed
Grants paid to county councils for consumption
Grants paid to EU countries for consumption
-698
-86
Grants paid to other countries and internal organisations for consumption
-7,661
-5,565
Grants paid to other organisations for consumption
-7,559
-951
Grants paid to individuals for consumption
-59,875
-58,583
-80,626
-69,928
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
-4,310
-11,121
Where of grants paid which were funded from the EU budget
European Union
European Research Council (ERC)
64
-10,750
-1,896
-15,060
-13,017
NOTES
Note 11. Change in capital
Change in capital by area, SEK in thousands
Change in capital
Expenditure
(SEK in thousands)
Balance carried forward
(SEK in thousands)
104,756
45,898
150,654
23,003
-4,822
18,181
127,759
41,076
168,835
1,028,974
-36,531
992,443
76,241
-5,728
70,513
1,105,216
-42,260
1,062,956
55,458
8,825
64,282
238
0
238
-110
-34
-144
Total
55,586
8,791
64,377
Total
1,288,561
7,606
1,296,167
Activity
First and second-cycle education
Education in accordance with the public
service agreement
Commissioned activities
Total
Research/third-cycle education
Research and doctoral education
Commissioned research
Total
Other activities
Art, not related to activities
Collection of general revenue
Change in capital for the year by activity, SEK in thousands
Activity
Activities funded by direct government funding
Activities funded by fees
Activities funded by grants
Other activities
Total change in capital for the year
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
10,372
42,118
-10,551
31,412
-1,006
65,997
8,825
-31,542
-34
3
7,606
107,989
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
32,972
38,500
Note 12. Intangible fixed assets
Applied depreciation periods: 5 years
Opening Balance Acquisition value
Acquisitions for the year
4,110
,389
Minus acquisition value of disposed of/sold rights
-6,625
-5,917
Closing Balance Acquisition value
30,456
32,972
-26,172
-29,957
6,625
5,917
Opening Balance Accumulated depreciation
Minus accumulated depreciation of disposed of/sold rights
Depreciation for the year
Closing Balance Accumulated depreciation
Book value
-2,183
-2,132
-21,729
-26,172
8,727
6,800
Disposals primarily relate to KI’s old web portal, ki.se, a total of SEK 6,086,000
65
NOTES
Note 13. Expenditure for improvements to leased property
Applied depreciation periods: 10 years
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
85,025
102,278
0
0
Transfers from fixed assets under construction
0
0
Minus acquisition value of disposed of/sold equipment
0
-17,253
85,025
85,025
-42,395
-41,205
Minus accumulated depreciation
of disposed of/sold equipment
0
7,814
-8,303
-9,004
-50,698
-42,395
34,327
42,631
Capital gain
0
0
Capital loss
0
9,429
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
2,198,720
2,010,676
317,299
224,460
51,539
20,859
Depreciations for the year
Book value
Assets disposed of/sold
Note 14. Machinery, equipment, fixtures and fittings etc.
Applied depreciation periods: 3 years, 5 years, 10 years
Transfers from fixed assets under construction
Minus acquisition value of disposed of/sold equipment
-53,921
-57,276
2,513,636
2,198,720
-1,535,799
-1,405,087
Minus accumulated depreciation
of equipment disposed of/sold
Depreciation for the year
Book value
50,919
48,143
-200,883
-178,855
-1,685,763
-1,535,799
827,873
662,921
Assets disposed of/sold
Capital gain
0
0
Capital loss
2,979
8,729
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
65,272
31,438
Note 15. Fixed assets under construction
30,738
54,694
Transfer to assets account
-51,539
-20,859
Accumulated acquisition value
44,472
65,272
Fixed assets under construction include improvements to KI’s campus areas. These projects run for several years, that is why the transfer to
the assets account may be lower than the opening balance.
66
NOTES
Note 16. Holdings in associated companies and subsidiary
31/12/2013
Karolinska Institutet Holding AB (100 %)
Nominal value: 3,000 at SEK 100 each
31/12/2012
300
300
64,282
55,458
Book value
Shares in KI Holding are valued at SEK 9 million higher than at the previous year end.
According to preliminary, as yet unaudited accounts for 2013, KI Holding AB reports a group turnover of SEK 48.9 million, which is SEK 6.2
million higher than the previous year. The group has made an operating profit of SEK 8.9 million, which is SEK 41.9 million better than the
previous year. Holdings in associated companies account for SEK 36.9 million of this improvement. The previous year’s write-down of the
holding in Karolinska Development AB has been reversed since the share price rose. The reversed depreciations amount to SEK 19.0 million. For a more detailed description of Karolinska Institutet Holding AB, see the section entitled Collaboration.
Note 17. Other long-term securities holdings (relates to asset management)
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
Book value
158,015
143,607
Market value
180,182
152,534
Book value
68,123
92,645
Market value
72,763
99,331
Holdings
Bonds etc.
The fund portfolio had a positive value change of 9.8 per cent in 2013. The relative return on investment in comparison to the market
index was negative (-2.8 per cent). This is due to factors including ethical restrictions and exposure to shares in emerging markets.
Note 18. Receivables from other Government agencies
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
Governmental accounts receivable
27,556
13,430
VAT receivables
87,057
81,325
335
259
114,948
95,014
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
9
118
329
59
64
76
Tax account
Note 19. Other receivables
Petty cash
Travel advances
Salaries paid in advance
Receivables combined positions
Other receivables
373
0
99
50
874
303
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
135,526
130,867
Note 20. Prepaid expenses
Prepaid premises expenses
Other prepaid expenses
26,102
20,611
161,628
151,478
67
NOTES
Note 21. Accrued grant revenue
31/12/2013
Accrued grant revenue , other government agencies
Accrued grant revenue , non-government
31/12/2012
33,771
25,584
222,282
182,149
256,053
207,733
Receivables relating to accrued costs are reported here for activities funded by grants where remuneration is received afterwards and
where it is confirmed by agreements/contracts.
Note 22. Other accrued revenue
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
Accrued contract revenue
9,859
8,230
Accrued revenue for the Science for Life Laboratory
6,418
0
Other accrued revenue
2,949
2,282
19,226
10,512
Under the item Accrued contract revenue, receivables relating to accrued costs are reported for contract-financed activities where remuneration is received afterwards and where it is confirmed by agreements/contracts.
Note 23. Settlement with the Government
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
-18,803
-16,690
-2,219
-2,114
General revenue
Opening Balance
Reported against revenue headings (-)
Funds from interest-bearing account credited to revenue headings (+)
Liabilities relating to General revenue
0
1
-21,022
-18,803
-49,785
-90,132
2,658,392
2,585,348
176
0
-2,628,139
-2,573,813
Direct government funding in interest-bearing flows
Opening Balance
Reported against direct government funding (+)
Quality-based allocation of resources
Direct government funding funds credited to the interest-bearing account (-)
Repayment of direct government funding funds
0
28,812
-19,356
-49,785
18,458
16,372
Deposits in non-interest-bearing flows (+)
2,143
2,162
Payments in non-interest-bearing flows (-)
0
-76
Liabilities related to direct government funding in interest-bearing flows
Other receivables/liabilities on the government’s central account at the Riksbank
Opening Balance
Claims on the government’s central account at the Riksbank
Balance
20,601
18,458
-19,778
-50,130
Of the previous years’ direct government funding savings within first-cycle and second-cycle education, SEK 30.4 million has been returned through KI exceeding the funding cap at settlement of FTSs and APEs.
Note 24. Balance of the interest-bearing account at the Swedish National Debt Office
Balance of the interest-bearing account at the Swedish National Debt Office
Of which short-term liquidity needs
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
3,182,339
3,244,073
0
0
Credt granted, but not unused, on the interest-bearing account at the Swedish National Debt Office is amounting to SEK 153.8 million.
68
NOTES
Note 25. Agency capital
Government
capital
Share in
earnings in
subsidiaries
5,238
82,000
Opening Balance
Previous year’s allocation
Corrected Opening Balance
5,238
Change in
Change in capital
capital
according to the
brought for- statement of finanward
cial performance
1,093,334
107,989
Total
agency
capital
1,288,561
-31,542
139,531
-107,989
0
50,458
1,232,865
0
1,288,561
Change in equity, subsidiaries
From the National Public Art Council
0
0
Closing Balance
7,606
7,606
5,238
50,458
1,232,865
7,606
1,296,167
0
-31,542
139,531
-100,383
7,606
Change during the year
Change in capital by business area is detailed in Note 11.
Note 26. Provisions for pensions and similar obligations
Opening provision
Change in pension provisions for the year
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
7,438
11,548
4,303
-2,530
Pension payments for the year
-1,442
-1,579
Closing provision
10,299
7,438
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
Note 27. Other provisions
Disposal of radiation source
2,000
2,000
Continued professional development initiatives
29,083
37,776
Closing provision
31,083
39,776
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
442,336
400,245
Note 28. Loans at the Swedish National Debt Office
Opening Balance
New loans
227,964
175,100
Repayments for the year
-129,090
-133,009
Liabilities to the Swedish National Debt Office
541,210
442,336
Granted loan framework at the Swedish National Debt Office
542,000
520,000
Note 29. Accrued expenses
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
Accrued salaries
27,048
21,171
Holiday pay liabilities
90,011
83,343
Accrued expense to the National Government Employee Pensions Board for pension funds
Other accrued expenses
0
3,032
24,000
25,484
141,059
133,031
The cost of salary increases in conjunction with the salary review are included in the item accrued salaries. The result of the salary review
on 1 October 2013 was an average increase of 2.4 per cent. This is paid out in January 2014.
69
NOTER
Note 30. Unexpended grants
31/12/2013
Unexpended grants, other government agencies
Unexpended grants, non-government
Unexpended grants asset management
31/12/2012
830,419
786,534
1,402,251
1,313,438
212,079
213,030
2,444,749
2,313,002
These liabilities relate to non-accrued costs for grant-financed activities where remuneration is paid in advance.
Rate of use unexpended government grants
Grants for the year, other government agencies
Unexpended grants, other government agencies
Accrued grant revenue , other government agencies
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
1,087,602
1,025,397
830,419
786,534
33,771
25,584
Rate of use
1,37
1,35
Used within a number of months
8,79
8,91
Usage SEK in thousands, 0–3 months
283,426
264,968
Usage SEK in thousands, 3-12 months
546,992
521,566
Usage SEK in thousands, 1–3 years
0
0
Usage SEK in thousands, >3 years
0
0
This note has been prepared in accordance with HfR’s (the universities’ forum for accounting issues) accounting advisors’ recom-mendations. The method involves a standardised calculation of the average turnover rate/rate of use The rate of use for activities financed by
government grants is judged, all in all, to be linear.
Note 31. Other prepaid revenue
31/12/2013
Prepaid contract revenue, other government agency
Prepaid contractrevenue, non-government
Other prepaid revenue, other government agency
Other prepaid revenue, non-government
31/12/2012
41,922
54,372
218,072
239,661
13,451
547
6,896
8,163
280,341
302,743
Prepaid contractrevenue relates to non-accrued costs for contract-financed activities where remuneration is paid in advance.
Note 32. Contingent liabilities
Contingent liabilities
31/12/2013
31/12/2012
40,644
183,900
The contingent liabilities for 2013 relate to new commitments made to Akademiska hus concerning the adaptation of business activities.
The previous year’s contingent liabilities lapse because KI have entered into a rental agreement valid for 25 years with Akademiska hus,
following permission being granted by the government.
70
INTERNAL CONTROL
INTERNAL CONTROL
Karolinska Institutet (KI) is encompassed by the Internal Control Ordinance (2007:603). In view of the established risk assessment and the implemented and planned work with approved
control activities, the Board of KI makes the assessment in the
annual report that internal control at KI is satisfactory.
This year’s work has been based on previously agreed rules
and guidelines for internal control at KI, where a simplified risk
assessment has been carried out during the financial year 2013.
The basis for the risk assessment has been KI’s commission in
accordance with the Higher Education Act and Ordinance,
direct government funding directions and the Vice-Chancellor’s
focus areas. In addition, significant observations in conjunction
with internal and external audit have been taken into account.
Over the course of the year, the Board have looked into
twelve risk areas, in which decisions have been made concerning targeted control activities:
• limited opportunities for clinical education,
• limited opportunities for clinical research,
• deficient medical informatics in the collaboration
between KI/SCC,
• insufficient access to teachers,
• the assessed deficient quality of external evaluations of
study programmes,
• research fraud,
• unauthorised data access and system crashes,
• reclamations resulting from deficient management
of fundings and fallible reporting to external funding
sources,
• deficient research documentation,
• deficient adherence to the Public Procurement Act,
• a lack of modern technology platforms and tools in study
programmes and
• limited regulations concerning register data.
beginning of 2014. Guidance on information security has been
drawn up and distributed to every employee and student and to
others associated with the university.
The Swedish National Audit Office produced an audit report
in 2012 containing observations concerning the procurement
and purchasing process. KI has constantly reported on the
measures within this area, taking in action plans, preparations
for the implementation of an e-commerce system and follow-up
and information activities. KI’s centralised procurement and
purchasing function has been reinforced with extra personnel
over the course of financial year 2013.
In 2012, the Office of the Chancellor of Justice (JK) expressed
its serious criticism of KI with regard to deficiencies in recordkeeping and case management. JK resolved in May 2013 to
conclude their review in the light of the measures that had been
taken and reported throughout 2012 and 2013.
Over the course of 2013, the Swedish National Archives have
carried out an inspection of archive keeping at KI and have provided directions in a number of areas. At the close of financial
year 2013, KI has submitted a report to the Swedish National
Archives concerning the measures that have been taken and are
planned for the future.
The Vice-Chancellor came to a decision concerning activities
in KI’s annual plan for 2013–2014 in May 2013. The aim is
to improve the efficiency, assure the quality and integrate the
process of internal control, operational planning and follow-up.
This work has resulted in KI’s first comprehensive operational
plan. Approved by the Board of KI, it contains instructions,
budgets and also an integrated risk assessment for the subsequent year.
Over the course of the year, previously approved control activities have been followed up on two occasions, with significant
results having been reported to the Board.
Based on the Swedish National Audit Office’s previous audit
report concerning the internal control of information security
that was submitted in 2011, KI have taken the measures that
have been reported in conjunction with the ongoing review of
the agency. New information security regulations have been
drawn up and these were published in October 2013.
Recruitment of an information security coordinator took
place at the end of the year, with the position commencing on
1 January 2014. In autumn, planning took place ahead of the
executive group’s risk assessment of information security at the
71
The University Board
Remuneration paid to the Board of Karolinska Institutet in 2013 and details of the members other roles (the commissions listed are
board memberships and council memberships for other government agencies, as well as assignments like board members of Swedish
and foreign limited companies).
Name:
Other commissions
Susanne Eberstein, Chair
Västernorrland Police Board, Chair
Swedish National Police Board, member
Swedish Commission on Security and Integrity Protection, member
Judicial Appointments Board, member
22,000
Sveriges Utbildningsradio AB, Chair
Svenska Rymd AB, SSC, member
MittMedia Förvaltnings AB, Chair
Promedia Tidnings AB, member
SwedNanoTech AB, Chair
Lars Leijonborg AB, Chair
44,000
up to and incl. 30/04/2013
Lars Leijonborg, Chair
fr.o.m. 2013-05-01
Salary/Fee, SEK
Anders Hamsten, Vice-Chancellor
Karolinska Institutet Holding AB, member
Doctor Åke Olsson’s Foundation for Haematological Research, member
Stockholm School of Entrepreneurship, member
Petrus and Augusta Hedlund’s Foundation, member
Annika Andersson, Deputy Chair
Pantor Engineering AB, Chair
28,000
Dan Andersson
Swedish Cancer Society’s finance committee, member
28,000
Elias Arnér
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects, Elsevier, editor
IMCO Corporation Ltd AB, member and shareholder
PRIMA Barn- och Vuxenpsykiatri AB, member
Anders Blanck
Swedish Anti-corruption Institute, member
Swecare AB, member
Swecare Foundation, member
28,000
Susana Borrás
Danish Council for Research Policy, member
18,670
1,529,287
783,689
From and incl. 01/05/2013
Eva Fernvall
eHealth Institute, Linnaeus University, Chair
IQ, Ssubsidiary of the Swedish Alcohol Retail Monopoly, member
Eskil Franck
Government appointed special investigator for more effective methods
against violent extremism
Laura Fratiglioni
Board for National Infrastructure ESS/SHARE, Chair
International Oversight Committee/Canadian Longitudinal Study on
Ageing, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), member
Scientific Advisory Committee of the EU Joint Programme, Neurodegenerative Disease Research, member
From and incl. 21/03/2013
72
9,340
28,000
1,074,652
Name:
Other commissions
Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren
Scientific Advisory Board, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UMCR),
member
International Advisory Board, Hannover Biomedical Research School, member
Board of the Scandinavian Foundation for Immunology, member
Society for Natural Immunity, President
CellProtect Nordic Pharmaceutical AB, founder and shareholder
Molecular Immunology, associate editor
Scandinavian Journal of Immunology, deputy editor-in-chief
Immunology and Cell Biology, editorial board, member
Torbjörn Rosdahl
County Council Board, SCC, Chair
Landstingshuset i Stockholm AB, Chair
SLL Internfinans Stockholm AB, Chair
Owners’ committee of Transito AB, member
Council for the Stockholm-Mälar Region, member
AB SOLOM (Sollentuna Omsorg), member
28,000
Charlotte Strömberg
Castellum AB (publ), Chair
Boomerang AB, member
Fourth Swedish National Pension Fund, member
Intrum Justitia AB (publ), member
Skanska AB (publ),member
Swedbank AB (publ), member
18,670
fr.o.m. 2013-05-01
Salary/Fee, SEK
949,414
Marie Wahren-Herlenius
Scandinavian Society for Immunology, Chair
Scandinavian Foundation for Immunology, member
Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation’s Research Council, member
Konung Gustaf V:s 80-årsfond, member and Chair of the scientific committee
Tore Nilsson’s Foundation, member
Rocognition AB, member
Kerstin Tham, co-opted member
Board of Karolinska University Hospital, co-opted member
Board of Flemingsberg Science Foundation, member
Board of Karolinska Institutet University Press, member
Erik Hellsing
Café Partner Scandinavia AB, deputy member
Arash Hellysaz
Hope Group AB, deputy member
Hampus Eksell
No external commissions
30,330
Elin Ekeroth
-
Viktoria Malas
-
845,173
1,246,907
39,200
291,660
Members from and incl. 01/01/2014
73
Photo: Ulf Sirborn
Konsistoriet
The Board of Karolinska Institutet
From the bottom,
row 1:Hamsten,
Anders Hamsten,
Vice-Chancellor;
Andersson,Lars
Deputy
Chair; Lars
Leijonborg,
Chair;
Arash(stuNerifrån,
rad 1: Anders
rektor; Annika
Andersson,Annika
vice ordförande;
Leijonborg,
ordförande;
Arash
Hellysaz
Hellysaz
(students’
representative);
Elin
Ekeroth
(students’
representative).
dentrepresentant); Elin Ekeroth (studentrepresentant)
Rad
(ständigt adjungerad);
Charlotte
Strömberg;
Susana Borrás
Laura Fratiglioni
(lärarrepresentant);
Row2:
2:Kerstin
KerstinTham,
Tham,prorektor
Pro-Vice-Chancellor
(always co-opted);
Charlotte
Strömberg;
Susana; Borrás;
Laura Fratiglioni
(faculty’s
Dan
Andersson Dan Andersson.
representative);
Row 3: Eskil Franck; Viktoria Malas (students’ representative); Christina Hammarstedt (staff representative); Gunnar Stenberg
Rad 3: Eskil Franck; Viktoria Malas (studentrepresentant); Christina Hammarstedt (personalrepresentant); Gunnar Stenberg (per(staff representative*); Anders Blanck; Elias Arnér (faculty representative); Karl Bodell (staff representative*).
sonalrepresentant); Anders Blanck; Elias Arnér (lärarrepresentant); Karl Bodell (personalrepresentant)
Not
present: Torbjörn
Rosdahl;
Marie
Wahren-Herlenius
(faculty
representative).
Ej
närvarande:
Torbjörn
Rosdahl;
Marie
Wahren-Herlenius
(lärarrepresentant);
* Staff representatives have no voting right
74
Resolution on the annual report and assessment of internal control
The University Board hereby resolve to submit the annual report for 2013.
We confirm that the annual report provides a true and fair impression of the authority’s results, costs, revenue and of the agency’s
financial position.
We also judge the authority’s internal control to be satisfactory.
Stockholm, 19 February 2014
Lars Leijonborg, Chair
Eskil Franck
Anders Hamsten, Vice-Chancellor
Laura Fratiglioni
Annika Andersson
Arash Hellysaz
Dan Andersson
Viktoria Malas
Elias Arnér
Torbjörn Rosdahl
Anders Blanck
Charlotte Strömberg
Susana Borrás
Marie Wahren-Herlenius
Elin Ekeroth
75
KEY INDICATORS
Key indicators
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
6,014
147
5,589
158
51
373
55%
45%
2,090
59%
41%
595
375
2,41
4,24
306
12
5,885
154
5,307
170
34
438
57%
43%
2,165
61%
39%
572
380
3.03
4.26
359
14
5,815
146
5,351
159
10
409
61%
39%
2,133
62%
38%
544
340
2.56
4.21
349
14
4,090
1,043
5,524
144
5,050
157
5,595
143
5,012
159
450
62%
38%
2,076
62%
38%
519
347
2.05
4.21
367
21
3,901
1,062
420
61%
39%
2,028
61%
39%
515
342
2.38
3.94
392
17
3,801
1,022
4,283
4,736
827
46%
54%
717
42%
58%
373
28%
72%
4,192
4,716
846
46%
54%
714
41%
59%
367
27%
73%
4,109
4,699
845
47%
53%
707
41%
59%
347
26%
74%
3,944
4,545
801
46%
54%
665
40%
60%
331
24%
76%
3,875
4,382
812
47%
53%
634
38%
62%
328
21%
79%
5,796
991
88%
12%
4,805
37%
63%
5,797
52%
13%
3,386
5,165
2,445
8
1,296
64
5,646
954
87%
13%
4,692
37%
63%
5,506
52%
12%
3,118
5,017
2,313
108
1,289
56
5,340
926
87%
13%
4,415
37%
63%
5,253
851
89%
11%
4,402
36%
64%
4,880
853
89%
11%
4,027
33%
67%
5,188
53%
11%
2,916
4,899
2,277
145
1,196
94
4,994
52%
11%
2,761
4,658
2,224
255
1,079
129
4,734
53%
12%
2,791
4,105
2,030
149
812
122
Education and research
FTE, full time equivalent, students1
Cost per FTE student (SEK thousand)*
APEs1
Cost per APE (SEK thousand)*
Number of fee-paying students
New doctoral admissions
– women
– men
Doctoral students, total > 10% activity
– women
– men
Doctoral students with employment (FTEs)
Doctoral students with grant (FTEs)
Average study time, licentiate students (net)
Average study time, doctoral students (net)
Doctoral degrees awarded
Licentiate degrees awarded
Peer-reviewed scientific publications **
Cost per peer-reviewed scientific publication (SEK thousand)***
Staff
FTEs
Average staff
Teaching staff: (FTEs)
– women
– men
Teaching staff with doctoral degrees (FTEs)
– women
– men
Professors (FTEs)
– women
– men
Finance
Revenue, total (SEK million), of which
Bachelor’s and Master’s education (SEK million)
– direct government funding (%)
– external revenue (%)
Doctoral education and research (SEK million)
– direct government funding (%)
– external revenue (%)
Costs, total (SEK million)
– Staff
– Premises
Premises costs2 per m2 (SEK)
Balance sheet total (SEK million), of which
– unexpended grants
– change in capital for the year
– administrative capital (incl. change in cap. for the year)
– of which subsidiaries (KI Holding AB)
1 Excluding contract education and contracted courses.
2 As stated in the revenue statement.
* Including costs incurred within funding for medical training and research and the dental care centre.
** Figure not given owing to delay in registration, which would otherwise distort the statistics. The figures for
2008–2010 have also been adjusted due to the aforementioned delay in registration. Also affects cost per publication.
*** Including costs incurred within funding for medical training and research.
76
COSTS
Appendix: Costs
As with previous years, KI reports the following key performance indicators:
•
•
•
•
cost per full-time equivalent student (excluding contract education and commissioned education),
cost per annual performance equivalent (excluding
contract education and commissioned education),
cost per peer-reviewed academic publication,
cost of a doctoral student with an educational grant or
employment at KI.
Definitions
Full-time equivalent students and annual performance equivalents are the performances that have been carried out over the
course of the year and are defined in accordance with public
service agreement. The costs reflect the reported costs for the
year within the area Bachelor’s and Master’s education funded
by direct government funding. The costs also include costs
funded by grants and fees, which are associated with the activity.
However, contract education and commissioned education are
not included.
It should be noted that full-time students and annual performance equivalents have been related to costs individually.
Therefore, it is not possible to relate the costs per full-time equivalent student and annual performance equivalent to the ”price
tags” used in the government’s allocation of resources to the
educational institutions. In this context, it should be noted that
the costs are also included in the clinical sections of the medical
and speech therapist education (equivalent to the ALF direct
government funding) and the dentistry education (the dental
care centre). The measurements of costs per full-time equivalent
student and annual performance equivalent are deemed to be
relatively secure, as the constituent elements relate to the current year and are well-established.
Cost per peer-reviewed scientific publication includes all costs
related to research and doctoral education, including contract
research. No differentiation is made between the actual course
components in doctoral education because this cannot be determined from the accounting.
KI has chosen to include the document types articles and
review articles from its bibliometric database based on data
from Thomson Reuters’ citation databases (Web of Science) in
the term academic publication.
Under key indicators, KI has also chosen to report the number
of published articles unfractionated (i.e. without taking into
account the proportion of a published article attributable to
authors at the educational institution in question). KI has not
reported any details regarding published articles for the past
year (2013) as there is a reporting delay.
The indicator “cost per peer-reviewed scientific publication”
should be viewed with caution as there is no direct link between
the year’s costs and the number of articles published the same
year. The research work involved in an article may have taken
many years. In view of the above, this indicator should be regarded as an approximate value. Finally, it should be emphasised
that these performance indicators do not say anything about the
quality of operations. Cost of a doctoral studentwith an educational grant or employment at KI: the cost of educational maintenance for doctoral
students employed on doctoral studentships and with educational grants is a weighted average. These costs can be taken
directly from the finance and personnel accounting system.
In addition, there are the following costs:
• supervision,
• operating costs,
• premises,
• equipment (depreciation costs),
• indirect costs.
Supervision is estimated at approx. 20 per cent of a FTE
employee (based on a survey). The average cost of a supervisor’s
salary can thus be estimated.
Operating and premises costs, along with depreciation are
proportioned based on the number of annual FTE employees,
including doctoral students with education grants within the
operational area research and education at the doctoral level.
The same calculation is used for doctoral students as for supervisors.
The total cost for a doctoral student including supervisor
costs can thus be estimated after overheads have been added for
indirect costs. The data is based in part on assumptions, which
is why the cost should be viewed as approximate. A table of
costs and comments can be found under the section doctoral
education.
77
78
TABLES
Table 1
First-year places (planned) in study programme, total and per place
Beginner’s programme
Occupational therapy
Audiology
Biomedicine
Biomedical lab. science
Public health sciences
Speech and language pathology
Medicine
Optometry
Psychology
Radiography
Physiotherapy
Nursing
Dental hygiene
Dentistry
Dental technology
Continuation programme
Midwifery
Psychotherapy
Specialist nursing
Odont. prophylactics
Toxicology
Master’s programme (1 year)
Master’s programme (2 years)
Total
2010
total /place
72
2.2
16
1.3
50
1.2
70
1.0
30
1.2
28
4.4
306
8.7
45
0.7
70
8.1
40
2.2
120
6.1
150
3.8
40
4.9
85
4.9
20
3.7
2011
total /place
72
2.1
15
1.7
50
1.0
60
1.0
30
1.1
4.9
276
7.8
45
0.6
40
7.0
40
2.4
120
5.8
380
4.0
40
5.3
75
4.8
20
2.4
2012
total /place
171
2.4
51
3.2
53
1.1
109
1.6
122
4.4
2,460
8.0
118
2.6
461
6.6
69
1.7
607
5.1
1,278
4.3
246
6.2
417
4.9
-
2013
total /place
185
2.6
70
4.4
57
1.1
126
2.1
143
5.1
2,565
8.2
131
2.9
660
9.4
108
2.7
689
5.7
1,272
4.2
282
7.1
458
5.4
-
64
16
511
20
65
269
5.3
1.6
2.7
1.3
3.5
2.8
64
16
449
20
135
120
5.4
1.4
2.9
1.0
1.8
2.0
340
32
1,513
18
182
571
5.3
2.0
2.7
0.7
2.4
2.3
332
23
1,529
27
586
334
5.2
1.4
2.7
1.1
2.4
2.3
2.087
4.1
2,097
3.8
8,818
3.9
9,577
4.2
79
TABLES
Table 2
First-year students (registered for 1st term), total and percentage of women (%)
Audiology
Biomedicine
Medicine
Optometry
Psychology
Radiography
Physiotherapy
Nursing
Dental hygiene
Dentistry
Dental technology
Midwifery
Psychotherapy
Specialist nursing
Toxicology
Total
80
2010
total women
88
91
25
76
74
65
83
77
46
85
34
100
317
56
52
83
86
72
51
76
153
63
179
85
48
94
92
62
33
82
2011
total women
92
84
21
71
77
58
90
82
41
93
33
94
328
51
40
90
89
73
56
80
148
69
358
82
46
89
91
58
30
70
2012
total women
94
86
24
71
75
64
95
78
32
84
325
48
62
85
84
65
50
74
151
74
367
86
49
96
97
70
-
2013
total women
92
89
25
68
77
68
101
81
33
82
320
49
59
75
85
59
57
70
149
63
354
86
45
98
96
65
-
68
17
596
27
68
308
99
82
87
81
69
67
74
16
563
21
163
235
97
88
85
100
90
70
63
16
633
23
73
257
100
75
89
100
81
68
67
16
647
23
276
141
100
88
89
87
82
67
2,445
76
2,612
77
2,570
77
2,663
77
TABLES
Table 3
Students, full-time equivalents (FTE), total and percentage of women
Audiology
Biomedicine
Medicine
Medical informatics
Optometry
Podiatry
Psychology
Radiography
Physiotherapy
Nursing
Dental hygiene
Dentistry
Dental technology
Midwifery
Psychotherapy
Specialist nursing
Toxicology
Single-subject courses
Total
2010
total women %
203
90
43
75
159
64
180
83
76
89
86
91
1,492
56
8
64
130
89
22
75
151
67
110
79
347
67
468
89
84
92
376
67
54
77
2011
total women %
204
89
46
74
152
61
181
84
87
88
101
93
1,523
56
0
111
90
9
81
207
70
106
76
360
66
457
85
84
95
402
66
53
53
2012
total women %
205
88
48
74
145
62
196
82
65
88
94
93
1,516
54
1
50
103
89
0
251
70
105
77
340
70
601
85
86
94
396
66
35
75
2013
total women %
213
89
48
70
158
65
205
82
38
92
111
90
1,591
54
0
110
85
0
285
68
114
78
357
67
788
85
82
94
412
65
19
79
98
22
446
22
77
295
575
98
82
88
92
75
73
79
97
24
461
21
86
337
709
98
82
88
89
81
70
78
95
22
457
20
93
311
701
98
81
88
100
88
69
81
101
21
458
20
115
281
488
100
82
91
94
84
69
80
5,524
73
5,413
73
5,490
73
5,603
73
81
TABLES
Table 4
Students, full-time equivalents (FTEs) and annual performance equivalents (APEs)
Audiology
Biomedicine
Medicine
Medical informatics
Optometry
Podiatry
Psychology
Radiography
Physiotherapy
Nursing
Dental hygiene
Dentistry
Dental technology
Midwifery
Psychotherapy
Specialist nursing
Single subject courses
Total
82
2010
FTE APE
203
193
43
38
159
161
180
161
76
69
86
73
1,492 1,381
8
7
130
125
22
26
151
125
110
106
347
348
468
487
84
88
376
316
54
47
98
22
446
22
77
295
575
%
95
89
101
89
91
85
93
92
96
115
83
96
100
104
105
84
87
95
23
421
21
75
253
413
96
107
94
94
98
86
72
5,524 5,050
91
2011
FTE APE
204
196
46
45
152
140
181
165
87
72
101
97
1,523 1,393
0
1
111
108
9
12
207
201
106
94
360
359
457
430
84
75
66
53
52
97
24
461
21
86
337
709
101
21
435
21
66
295
545
5,815 5,351
2012
%
FTE APE
96
205
193
100
48
46
92
145
128
91
196
166
82
65
69
96
94
90
91 1,516 1,402
1
2
97
103
102
132
0
1
97
251
223
89
105
100
100
340
315
94
601
521
90
86
78
396
412
99
35
41
105
88
94
100
77
88
77
95
22
457
20
93
311
701
84
18
428
14
94
293
535
92 5,885 5,307
%
94
96
89
84
105
96
93
98
89
95
93
87
91
65
117
89
83
94
69
101
94
76
2013
FTE APE
213
204
48
45
158
136
205
185
38
45
111
105
1,591 1,500
0
2
110
101
0
0
285
270
114
106
357
360
788
713
82
72
412
363
19
20
101
21
458
20
115
281
488
%
96
93
86
90
119
95
94
92
95
93
101
90
88
88
109
96
20
409
25
85
297
429
96
95
89
125
74
106
88
90 6,014 5,589
93
TABLES
Table 5
Degrees
Professional qualifications
Audiology
Midwifery
Medicine
Optometry
Psychology
Psychotherapy
Radiography
Physiotherapy
Nursing
Specialist nursing
Dental hygiene
Dentistry
Dental technology
Total professional qualifications
2010
2011
2012
2013
67
0
70
64
2
219
44
59
14
55
41
32
260
42
10
34
112
311
362
39
65
17
1,416
15
38
91
298
403
37
67
14
1,466
60
18
56
52
4
272
29
18
14
39
107
14
419
38
70
13
1,223
52
10
56
57
30
219
31
32
21
23
108
113
378
39
70
17
1,256
4
460
0
547
1
351
0
464
0
0
19
21
0
17
0
119
0
2
19
23
1
17
10
78
0
1
26
39
0
20
4
69
15
3
27
43
4
20
7
177
8
19
36
0
3
0
0
0
0
8
14
728
2,144
1,786
3
26
40
0
3
0
0
0
0
1
3
773
2,239
1,888
14
38
35
9
9
0
0
8
7
17
7
655
1,878
1,668
3
30
51
14
7
1
3
4
11
3
4
891
2,147
1,758
General qualifications
University diplomas
BSc
MSc (1 year)
Work and health
Global health
Clinical medical science
Medical teaching and training
Optometry
Radiography
Other main subjects
MSc (2 years)
Bioentrepreneurship
Biomedicine
Public health
Health informatics
Clinical medical science
Medical teaching and learning
Dentistry
Psychology
Toxicology
Broad MSc (1 year)
Total general qualifications
Total qualifications awarded
Total graduates
83
TABLES
Table 6
International relations
2010
Student exchange
Out
Total
182
Breakdown/area
Europe
91
North America
39
Other countries
52
Breakdown/study programme
5
Audiology
0
Midwifery
4
Biomedicine
9
Biomedical lab science
1
Public health
5
Health informatics
(Master’s)
1
Speech and language
pathology
0
Medicine
93
Optometry
3
Podiatry
3
Psychology
1
Radiography
3
Physiotherapy
11
Nursing and specialist nursing 22
Dental hygiene
1
Dentistry
20
Dental technology
0
84
2011
2012
2013
In
273
Out
169
In
304
Out
139
In
305
Out
169
In
269
197
16
60
82
46
41
215
24
65
65
31
43
225
21
59
74
41
54
194
22
53
14
1
6
41
23
18
12
0
2
22
6
2
22
1
5
43
26
17
5
0
4
12
7
5
24
0
4
50
18
13
7
0
3
6
8
9
16
0
5
45
12
12
4
0
2
0
2
0
0
0
99
10
0
1
1
10
32
0
13
0
0
82
1
0
2
6
11
6
4
13
0
1
113
7
0
2
4
14
25
3
17
2
0
58
2
3
4
6
8
7
17
1
2
126
3
0
4
13
29
3
14
0
2
91
0
5
3
11
11
3
10
0
1
122
0
2
2
16
18
5
13
0
TABLES
Table 7
Supplementary training for doctors with a degree from third country (including fee-paying students)
Admission semester
autumn 2010
autumn 2011
autumn 2012
autumn 2013*
Registered
Degree within set study time
20
7
20
12 20
7 18
-
Degree, total until 2013
Full-time students respective
academic year
9
16 3 -
17.60
18.90 18.85 7.65
* One student who was admitted in the semester of 2013 was initially reported as a fee-paying student but later had
his/her staus changed.
Supplementary training for nurses with a degree from third country
Admission semester
Applicants
Registered
academic year
autumn 2010
autumn 2011
autumn 2012
autumn 2013
26
23
15 20 28
26
19 25 33
25
19
22
29
25
-
21.85
25.45
24.43
10.63
Supplementary training for dentist with a degree from third country
Admission semester
Applicants
Registered
academic year
autumn 2010
48
16
10
13
autumn 2011
60
16
13
16
autumn 2012
46
16
12
15
autumn 2013
59
14
-
15.80 15.45 16.56
5.95 KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2013
85
TABLES
Table 8
Revenue 2013, largest sources of funding, SEK million
Largest sources of funding
Research councils
Swedish Research Council
FAS
Formas
Other government agencies
Royal Institute of Technology
Swedish Government Agency for Innovation Systems
The Legal, Financial and Administrative Services Agency
National Board of Health and Welfare
Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency
Stockholm university
Sweden National Institute of Public Health
Swedish Social Insurance Agency
Swedish Armed Forces
Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control
Organisations and foundations
The Cancer Fund
Wallenberg Foundations
The Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research
The Persson Family Foundation
The Heart and Lung Foundation
The T & R Söderberg Foundation
Children’s Cancer Foundation
Karolinska Institutet Foundations
The Gustav and Tyra Svensson Foundation
The Swedish Society of Medicine
86
County & municipal councils
677.7
102.5
20.1
90.3
61.3
40.7
31.9
23.0
17.9
12.7
12.7
12.2
11.8
155.1
129.1
75.2
65.2
56.3
44.8
42.8
39.6
22.0
11.8
Stockholm County Council
Companies
AstraZeneca
AFA Insurance
Hoffman-La Roche
Novo Nordisk Scandinavia AB
Pfizer
KI Science Park AB
MEDA AB
Biogen Idec Sweden AB
Biolipox AB
Centocor Biotech Inc
Foreign organisations and foundations
European Union (EU)
CHDI Foundation
Org. for economic corp. and dev. (OECD)
Novo Nordic Fund
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
H M Rausing Charitable Trust
The Stanley Med. Research Inst.
Jochniq Foundation
Aarhus University Hospital
Embassy, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
397.1
50.8
42.2
20.0
11.1
8.8
8.4
6.1
4.7
4.4
4.4
194.3
13.1
12.6
11.9
11.4
9.3
8.6
7.9
7.7
4.2
Karolinska Institutet Annual Report 2013
Print by E-print
ISBN: 978-91-85681-60-0
Karolinska Institutet Annual Report 2013
This publication is an abridged version of the document
delivered to the Swedish Government in February, 2013
Compiled by:
The University Administrative Department, Karolinska Institutet
Published by:
The Information and Public Relations Office
171 77 Stockholm
ki.se

Annual Report 2013 - Karolinska Institutet

Transcription

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