docPart 1 - APWA Iowa Chapter
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Part 1 - APWA Iowa Chapter
Alaska Department of Transportation & Public Facilities Winter Maintenance on an Alaskan Scale Michael J. Coffey Southcoast Region Director 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 1 Alaska Land of Extremes Largest State: larger than the next four largest states combined Heaviest Annual Snowfall: 974.5 inches at Thompson Pass near Valdez Tallest Mountain in North America: Denali at 20,320 feet Most Glaciers in the Nation: 29,000+ square miles or 5% of the State Shoreline: 33,904 miles Temperature Extremes: 100F in Fort Yukon and -80F in Prospect Creek Permafrost: 80% of State underlaid by ice-rich permafrost Barrow: Northern most town in US. Three months without the sun and 82 days without the sun setting 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 -111.1 ". :-.1111t7 I1 2 Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities Over 15,000 Miles of Public Roadway Over 5,600 Miles of State owned road 810 Bridges 247 Rural Airports 22 Harbors 720 Buildings (DOT owned or managed) Alaska Marine Hwy System 35 ports of call 11 vessels 3,500 miles 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 3 Maintenance and Operations Nearly 1000 M&O/SEF Employees Statewide 79 Maintenance Stations 3944 Pieces of Equipment $170M M&O Operating Budget $34M SEF Operating Budget $55M Snow and Ice Control 18,000 Tons of Salt Annually $50M FHWA PM Program $5-10M FAA Surface Maintenance $3-20M Deferred Maintenance 4/12/2016 APWA lowa Spring Conference 2016 4 Alaska Highway System ALASKA ROUTE NUMBERS BARROW °STERLING HWY, SEWARD HWY, GLENN HWY, RICHARDSON HWY, TOK CUT-OFF ® ALASKA HWY, STEESE HWY, ELLIOTT HWY PRUDHOE BAY D GEORGE PARKS HWY 0 RICHARDSON HWY 0 TAYLOR HWY 0 STEESE HWY 0 HAINES HWY GLACIER HWY, EGAN DRIVE (JUNEAU) NORDIC DRIVE, MITKOFF HWY (PETERSBURG) SOUTH TONGASS HWY, NORTH TONGASS HWY (KETCHIKAN) 0 DENALI HWY 0 SEWARD HWY, SEWARD TO STERLING HWY @ COPPER RIVER HWY, EDGERTON HWY JAMES DALTON HWY sa KLONDIKE HWY .% c=f !KAI cs 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 5 ARC EEC 70 N r",-= kobok OCEAN NAVU fica%ori Brooks Cates of the c tic 1.00,^ PreY, Great Bear l P r es. -, Ftm e.7"111 61.P. Va d 1.raa oz lo of fiords 1, P. odlOk Ye Gulfof AS iSka la G 1 Odle Ir Pre . Meriander .00 Xodkok nd Po.nt. laska C.6% 160^ w PACIFIC OCEAN 150^ w . :Ca Orr hip, ya -1^^4E 140. W _parr. 91. 9111 PitlX7:-,..CL5y. , . Gallrime. mune ALASKA OCE I anthri Bltrow ti Kaktovik o ° Deadhorse Northwest Territories ftror ifs% It lingi. SA Gates of the Arctic National Park Fort Yukon Fairbanks Wrangell-St Ellas *National Park Nuni+ak Island British Columbia Glacier Bays Juneau Eci!hel Pribilof *Kodiak Islands National Park Petersburg Sitkaie Ketchikan Kodiak 1:11101(.. `..1 tr: o 0 Chignik Culd Elly 6t#Unalaska P UK' of 1 11 Quven Island Charluttc en-2130 km Nre Oem=ti120 miles Islands Urban Life 1/4- 7--'7WM!-1!7.-.41`;'''' Rural (Bush) Life Rural (Bush) Life Normal Rural Mail Delivery APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 Winter Maintenance Challenges Extreme Temperatures: -80F to +100F Extreme Snowfall: 1.5' to 80' Extreme Geography: Maritime to Arctic Extreme Cost: Bulk Salt $147/ton Bagged Salt $400/ton Organic Additive Mag Chloride Diesel $2.40+/gal $4.00+/gal $9-$10/gal in Villages Equip Shipping up to $60,000 ea Changing Climate Declining Budget 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 17 Winter Maintenance Challenges Fly it in and fly in out Fly in the fuel Spare parts Fly it back, or stranded asset 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 18 Maintenance Challenges - - - , 1 Pa r .= What is Permafrost Permafrost is any rock or soil that has remained below 32 F continuously for two or more years. Permafrost can vary from only a few inches in depth to over several thousand feet. 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 22 a) 0 Permafrost Problems Glenn Highway Distress 11.11111 51:1J9' Mkt' Highway paveme Rutting 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 24 Longitudinal Shoulder Cracking 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 25 Thaw Settlement 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 26 Ice-Rich Permafrost Thawing 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 27 Ice-Rich Permafrost Thawing 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 28 The Blob JINNIKe "-r1 Um- r-it alb 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 29 Changing Weather Patterns Temperatures Increases Permafrost Thawing Affecting Infrastructure Support Increasing Risk of Landslides Diminishing Sea Ice and Increasing Coastal Erosion Increase in Freeze-Thaw Cycles Precipitation Changes Increases in Storm Frequencies and Intensities Combined Effect on Glacial Run-Off and Ice Break-Up Stream migration and debris effects Possible Contributing Effect on Permafrost Thawing 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 30 Changing Weather Patterns 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 31 ti r 2014 Pineapple Express 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 34 k ldez, AK USA 'Valdez \ -.T. NI-Jib-It Island. ., 3n OW ndl ZO144DiDita C; .7. F.: Setting the Stage 18 day long weather system / avalanche problems At Thompson Pass 80" of snowfall Jan 1St 23rd (250" Nov 11 to end of Jan) At 4000' an estimated 5' accumulated between 17t" over cold, dry, low density 1/13th 1 /14t" snow The huge avalanche was conditioned by three consecutive days of record high or record high minimum temperatures and then triggered by days of record anomalous rainfall Between Jan 21 and 25, 6 to 12 inches of rain fell 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 36 Video Summary 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 40 Recurring Ice Storms 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 41 Winter Maintenance technologies 64 RWIS Installations Expanding Highway Anti-icing Program 12 New Enhanced Salt Brine Units Six Tow Plows Ice Breaking Technology Smart Snowplows Automated Bridge De-icing System (E36) Telematics Mobile Weather Detection System Alaska Specific MDSS 4/12/2016 2/2/2011 SALT BRINE APPLICATION KENAI URBAN APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 42 Winter Maintenance Technologies Need for ice breaking technology Raiko Icebreaker Ultramech Arctic Shark Alaska Made 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 43 Ice Breaking Technology 4/12/2016 APWA Iowa Spring Conference 2016 44 v I ;:t7'
