4000000* denair unified school district
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4000000* denair unified school district
This Preliminary Official Statement and the information contained herein are subject to completion or amendment. These securities may not be sold, nor may offers to buy them be accepted, prior to the time the Official Statement is delivered in final form. Under no circumstances shall this Preliminary Official Statement constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy, nor shall there be any sale of, these securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful. PRELIMINARY OFFICIAL STATEMENT DATED JANUARY 30, 2012 NEW ISSUE — FULL BOOK-ENTRY RATINGS: S&P:“__” See “MISCELLANEOUS – Ratings” herein. In the opinion of GCR, LLP, San Diego, California (“Bond Counsel”), based upon an analysis of existing statutes, regulations, rulings, and court decisions and assuming, among other things, the accuracy of certain representations and compliance with certain covenants, interest on the Bonds is excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes under Section 103 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). In the further opinion of Bond Counsel, interest on the Bonds is not a specific preference item for purposes of the alternative minimum tax imposed on individuals and corporations, although Bond Counsel observes that such interest is taken into account in determining adjusted current earnings for the purpose of computing the alternative minimum tax imposed on certain corporations. In the opinion of Bond Counsel, interest on the Bonds is exempt from State of California personal income taxes. Bond Counsel expresses no opinion regarding any other tax consequences related to the ownership or disposition of, or the accrual or receipt of interest on, the Bonds. See “TAX MATTERS” herein. The District has adopted a resolution designating the Bonds as “qualified tax-exempt obligations” for purposes of Section 265(b)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. STATE OF CALIFORNIA STANISLAUS COUNTY $4,000,000* DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT 2012 GENERAL OBLIGATION REFUNDING BONDS (Stanislaus County, California) (Bank Qualified) Dated: Date of Delivery Due: August 1, as shown on the inside cover The captioned bonds (the “Bonds”) are being issued by the Denair Unified School District (the “District”) to refund a portion of the District’s $5,161,002 General Obligation Bonds, Election of 2001, Series A (the “Refunded Bonds”) and to pay costs of issuance of the Bonds. The Refunded Bonds were authorized at an election of the registered voters of the District, held on November 6, 2001, at which election the requisite two-thirds or more of the persons voting on the proposition voted to authorize the issuance and sale of $8,200,000 principal amount of general obligation bonds of the District. The Bonds are general obligation bonds of the District payable solely from ad valorem property taxes levied on taxable property within the District. The Board of Supervisors of Stanislaus County (the “County”) is empowered and is obligated to levy ad valorem taxes, without limitation of rate or amount, upon all property within the District subject to taxation by the District (except certain personal property which is taxable at limited rates), for the payment of principal of and interest on the Bonds when due. The Bonds are secured on a parity with other general obligation bonds of the District that will be outstanding following the issuance of the Bonds. See “SECURITY FOR THE BONDS” and “TAX BASE FOR REPAYMENT OF BONDS - Ad Valorem Property Taxation.” The Bonds will be issued in book-entry form only, and will be initially issued and registered in the name of Cede & Co. as nominee for The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York (collectively referred to herein as “DTC”). Purchasers of beneficial ownership interests in the Bonds will not receive physical certificates representing their interest in the Bonds. Payments of principal of and interest on the Bonds will be paid by U.S. Bank National Association, San Francisco, California, as the Paying Agent, Registrar and Transfer Agent (the “Paying Agent”), to DTC for subsequent disbursement to DTC Participants (defined herein) who will remit such payments to the beneficial owners of the Bonds. See “THE BONDS—DTC Book-Entry Only System” herein. Interest on the Bonds is payable semiannually on February 1 and August 1 of each year, commencing August 1, 2012, to maturity. Principal on the Bonds is payable on August 1 in each of the years and in the amounts shown in the Maturity Schedule on the inside front cover. The Bonds will be issued in denominations of $5,000 or any integral multiple thereof. The Bonds are not subject to redemption prior to maturity. The District has applied for a policy of municipal bond insurance with respect to the Bonds. If bond insurance is purchased, the scheduled payment of principal and interest on the Bonds when due will be guaranteed under an insurance policy to be issued concurrently with the delivery of the Bonds. THE BONDS ARE GENERAL OBLIGATION BONDS OF THE DISTRICT AND DO NOT CONSTITUTE A DEBT, LIABILITY OR OBLIGATION OF THE COUNTY. NO PART OF ANY FUND OF THE COUNTY IS PLEDGED OR OBLIGATED TO THE PAYMENT OF THE BOND. MATURITY SCHEDULE* (See Inside Front Cover) This cover page contains certain information for reference only. It is not a summary of this issue. Investors must read the entire Official Statement to obtain information essential to the making of an informed investment decision. The Bonds will be offered when, as and if issued by the District and received by the Underwriter, subject to the approval of legality by GCR, LLP, San Diego, California, Bond Counsel and Disclosure Counsel to the District. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the Underwriter by its counsel, Nossaman LLP, Irvine, California. The Bonds, in book-entry form, will be available for delivery through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company in New York, New York on or about February ___, 2012. Dated: February __, 2012 * Preliminary, subject to change. $4,000,000 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT 2012 GENERAL OBLIGATION REFUNDING BONDS (Stanislaus County, California) (Bank Qualified) MATURITY SCHEDULE Base CUSIP†: 248217 Maturity Date (August 1) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Principal Amount Interest Rate Yield CUSIP† Preliminary, subject to change. Copyright 2011, American Bankers Association. CUSIP® data herein is provided by Standard & Poor’s, CUSIP® Service Bureau, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The District takes no responsibility for the accuracy of such data. † No dealer, broker, salesperson or other person has been authorized by the District, the County or the Underwriter to give any information or to make any representations other than those contained herein. If given or made, such other information or representations must not be relied upon as having been authorized by the District, the County or the Underwriter. This Official Statement does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy, nor shall there be any sale of the Bonds by a person in any jurisdiction in which it is unlawful for such person to make such an offer, solicitation or sale. This Official Statement is not to be construed as a contract with the Underwriter of the Bonds. Statements contained in this Official Statement which involve estimates, forecasts or matters of opinion, whether or not expressly so described herein, are intended solely as such and are not to be construed as representations of fact. The Underwriter has provided the following sentence for inclusion in this Official Statement: “The Underwriter has reviewed the information in this Official Statement in accordance with, and as a part of, its responsibilities to investors under the federal securities laws as applied to the facts and circumstances of this transaction, but the Underwriter does not guarantee the accuracy of completeness of such information.” The information and expression of opinion herein are subject to change without notice and neither delivery of this Official Statement nor any sale made hereunder shall, under any circumstances, create any implication that there has been no change in the affairs of the District or any other parties described herein since the date hereof. This Official Statement is being submitted in connection with the sale of the Bonds referred to herein and may not be reproduced or used, in whole or in part, for any other purpose, unless authorized in writing by the District. All summaries of documents and laws are made subject to the provisions thereof and do not purport to be complete statements of any or all such provisions. Certain statements included or incorporated by reference in this Official Statement constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 21E of the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 27A of the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Such statements are generally identifiable by the terminology used such as a “plan,” “expect,” “estimate,” “project,” “budget” or similar words. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to certain statements contained in the information under the captions “THE DISTRICT” and “DISTRICT FINANCIAL MATTERS” herein. The achievement of certain results or other expectations contained in such forward-looking statements involves known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause actual results, performance or achievements described to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. While the District has agreed to provide certain on-going financial and operating data on an annual basis, it does not plan to issue any updates or revisions to those forward-looking statements if or when its expectations or events, conditions or circumstances on which statements are based change. See “CONTINUING DISCLOSURE” and APPENDIX C—“FORM OF CONTINUING DISCLOSURE CERTIFICATE” herein. All information material to the making of an informed investment decision with respect to the Bonds is contained in this Official Statement. While the District maintains an internet website for various purposes, none of the information on its website is incorporated by reference into this Official Statement. Any such information that is inconsistent with the information set forth in this Official Statement should be disregarded. WITH RESPECT TO THIS OFFERING, THE UNDERWRITER MAY ALLOT OR EFFECT TRANSACTIONS WHICH STABILIZE OR MAINTAIN THE MARKET PRICE OF THE BONDS AT A LEVEL ABOVE THAT WHICH MIGHT OTHERWISE PREVAIL IN THE OPEN MARKET. SUCH STABILIZING, IF COMMENCED, MAY BE DISCONTINUED AT ANY TIME. THE UNDERWRITER MAY OFFER AND SELL THE BONDS DESCRIBED HEREIN TO CERTAIN DEALERS AND DEALER BANKS AND BANKS ACTING AS AGENT AND OTHERS AT PRICES LOWER THAN THE PUBLIC OFFERING PRICES STATED IN THIS OFFICIAL STATEMENT AND SAID PUBLIC OFFERING PRICES MAY BE CHANGED FROM TIME TO TIME BY THE UNDERWRITER. THE BONDS HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, BOTH AS AMENDED, IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTIONS CONTAINED THEREUNDER AND HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED OR QUALIFIED UNDER THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE. DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT (STANISLAUS COUNTY, CALIFORNIA) Board of Trustees Louisa Allen, President Carolyn Brown, Clerk Robert Hodges, Trustee John Plett, Trustee Don Smith, Trustee District Administrators Edward E. Parraz, Superintendent Judy Sylvester, Assistant Superintendent of Business Services PROFESSIONAL SERVICES Bond Counsel and Disclosure Counsel GCR, LLP San Diego, California Financial Advisor Caldwell Flores Winters, Inc. Emeryville, California Paying Agent and Escrow Bank U.S. Bank National Association San Francisco, California Verification Agent Causey, Demgen & Moore, Inc. Denver, Colorado TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ....................................................... 1 The District ............................................................. 1 Purpose of the Bonds.............................................. 1 Sources of Payment of the Bonds .......................... 2 Description of the Bonds ........................................ 2 Tax Matters ............................................................ 2 Authority for Issuance of the Bonds ..................... 3 Offering and Delivery of the Bonds ...................... 3 Bank Qualified Obligations ................................... 3 Continuing Disclosure ............................................ 3 Other Information .................................................. 3 THE BONDS ................................................................ 4 Authority for Issuance ........................................... 4 Payment of Principal and Interest ........................ 4 Paying Agent ........................................................... 4 Redemption ............................................................. 4 Registration, Transfer and Exchange of Bonds ... 4 Book-Entry Only System ....................................... 5 Defeasance............................................................... 5 Unclaimed Moneys ................................................. 6 Application and Investment of Bond Proceeds and Tax Revenues .................................................. 6 Annual Debt Service............................................... 7 ESTIMATED SOURCES AND USES OF FUNDS... 9 SECURITY FOR THE BONDS ................................. 9 General .................................................................... 9 BOND INSURANCE ................................................. 10 TAX BASE FOR REPAYMENT OF THE BONDS10 Ad Valorem Property Taxation ........................... 10 Historic Assessed Valuations ............................... 13 THE DISTRICT......................................................... 15 Introduction .......................................................... 15 Board of Trustees ................................................. 16 Superintendent and Administrative Personnel .. 16 Recent Enrollment Trends .................................. 17 Average Daily Attendance and Base Revenue Limit ...................................................................... 18 Labor Relations and Collective Bargaining ....... 18 District Retirement Systems ................................ 19 Other Post-Employment Benefits ....................... 20 Insurance............................................................... 20 DISTRICT FINANCIAL MATTERS ...................... 21 Accounting Practices ............................................ 21 District Budget ...................................................... 21 Major Revenues .................................................... 22 Historical General Fund Financial Information 23 Current Financial Condition ............................... 27 Revenue Sources ................................................... 28 Revenue Limit Sources ........................................ 28 Federal Revenues ................................................. 29 Other State Sources .............................................. 29 Other Local Sources ............................................. 29 DISTRICT DEBT STRUCTURE ............................. 30 Long-Term Obligations ....................................... 30 Capital Plan .......................................................... 30 Direct and Overlapping Debt .............................. 30 STATE CONSTITUTIONAL and statutory provisions affecting district revenues and appropriations ............................................................32 Article XIIIA .........................................................32 Article XIIIB .........................................................32 Articles XIIIC and XIIID .....................................33 Propositions 98 and 111 .......................................34 Proposition 39 .......................................................35 Jarvis v. Connell ...................................................35 Proposition 1A ......................................................35 Future Initiatives ..................................................36 STATE OF CALIFORNIA FISCAL ISSUES .........36 General Overview .................................................36 2011-12 State Budget ............................................38 2012-13 Proposed State Budget ...........................40 Litigation Challenging Method of School Financing ...............................................................42 Tax MATTERS ..........................................................42 Tax Exemption ......................................................42 Original Issue Discount and Original Issue Premium ................................................................43 Internal Revenue Service Audit...........................43 Information Reporting and Backup Withholding ..........................................................43 LEGAL MATTERS ...................................................44 Legal Opinion........................................................44 Legality for Investment in California .................44 No Litigation .........................................................44 BANK QUALIFIED...................................................44 CONTINUING DISCLOSURE.................................44 ESCROW VERIFICATION .....................................45 MISCELLANEOUS ...................................................45 Ratings ...................................................................45 Underwriting .........................................................45 Audited Financial Statements ..............................45 Financial Interests ................................................46 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION .............................46 APPENDIX A APPENDIX B APPENDIX C APPENDIX D APPENDIX E APPENDIX F i FORM OF OPINION OF BOND COUNSEL .................................................A-1 DISTRICT’S 2010-11 AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS .................. B-1 FORM OF CONTINUING DISCLOSURE CERTIFICATE ..............C-1 INFORMATION CONCERNING STANISLAUS COUNTY...................... ... D-1 STANISLAUS COUNTY INVESTMENT POLICY AND DESCRIPTION OF INVESTMENT POOL .............................. E-1 DTC AND THE BOOK-ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM .................................................... F-1 [THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] $4,000,000 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT 2012 GENERAL OBLIGATION REFUNDING BONDS (Stanislaus County, California) (Bank Qualified) INTRODUCTION This Official Statement (which includes the cover page, the Table of Contents and the Appendices attached hereto) is furnished by the Denair Unified School District (the “District”), located in Stanislaus County, California, to provide information concerning the $4,000,000* Denair Unified School District 2012 General Obligation Refunding Bonds (Stanislaus County, California) (the “Bonds”). This Introduction is not a summary of this Official Statement. It is only a brief description of and guide to, and is qualified by, more complete and detailed information contained in the entire Official Statement, including the cover page and appendices hereto, and the documents summarized or described herein. A full review should be made of the entire Official Statement. The offering of the Bonds to potential investors is made only by means of the entire Official Statement. The District The Denair Unified School District was established as a school district in 1942. The District is located in the central portion of Stanislaus County (the “County”) and serves the community of Denair, a portion of the City of Turlock and unincorporated areas of Stanislaus County. The District encompasses approximately 56 square miles and currently operates one elementary school, one middle school, one high school, two community day schools and two charter schools. The current student-teacher ratio in the District is 1:20.56 in grades K-3, 1:24.02 in grades 4-6, 1:23.43 in grades 7-8, and 1:19.00 in grades 9-12. The District maintains two dependent charter schools, the Denair Charter Academy and Denair Academic Avenues. The Denair Charter Academy provides students with various educational options such as homebased learning, distance learning and other individualized programs. Denair Academic Avenues commenced operating in fiscal year 2010-11 and is a slow growth, seat based charter currently serving grades 1-4. Mr. Edward E. Parraz is the District Superintendent. See “THE DISTRICT” and “APPENDIX B – DISTRICT’S 2010-11 AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS” herein for additional information. Purpose of the Bonds Proceeds from the Bonds will be used to advance refund a portion of the District’s $5,161,002 General Obligation Bonds, Election of 2001, Series A maturing on August 1, 2013 through and including August 1, 2022 (the “Refunded Bonds”) and to pay costs of issuance of the Bonds. See “THE BONDS – Application and Investment of Bond Proceeds and Tax Revenues” and “ESTIMATED SOURCES AND USES OF FUNDS” herein. The Refunded Bonds were authorized at an election of the registered voters of the District, held on November 6, 2001, at which election the requisite two-thirds or more of the persons voting on the proposition voted to authorize the issuance and sale of $8,200,000 principal amount of general obligation bonds of the District. Preliminary, subject to change. 1 Sources of Payment of the Bonds Ad Valorem Taxes. The Bonds are general obligation bonds of the District. The Board of Supervisors of the County has the power and is obligated annually to levy ad valorem taxes for the payment of the Bonds and the interest thereon upon all property within the District subject to taxation by the District without limitation of rate or amount (except certain personal property which is taxable at limited rates). See “SECURITY FOR THE BONDS” herein. THE BONDS ARE GENERAL OBLIGATION BONDS OF THE DISTRICT AND DO NOT CONSTITUTE A DEBT, LIABILITY OR OBLIGATION OF THE COUNTY. NO PART OF ANY FUND OF THE COUNTY IS PLEDGED OR OBLIGATED TO THE PAYMENT OF THE BONDS. Description of the Bonds Form and Registration. The Bonds will be issued in fully registered book-entry form only, without coupons. The Bonds will be initially issued and registered in the name of Cede & Co. as nominee for The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York (collectively referred to herein as “DTC”). Purchasers of beneficial ownership interests in the Bonds from participants in the DTC system will not receive certificates representing their interest in the Bonds Payments. Interest on the Bonds accrues from their initial date of delivery (the “Date of Delivery”), and will be payable semiannually on each February 1 and August 1 of each year (each a “Bond Payment Date”), commencing on August 1, 2012 at the annual interest rates shown on the inside cover page. Principal of the Bonds is payable August 1 in the amounts and years as set forth on the inside cover page hereof. Payments of the principal of and interest on the Bonds will be made by U.S. Bank National Association, as the paying agent, registrant and transfer agent (the “Paying Agent”), to DTC for subsequent disbursement through DTC Participants (defined herein) to the beneficial owners of the Bonds. Denominations. The Bonds will be issued in denominations of $5,000 principal amount or any integral multiple thereof. Redemption. The Bonds are not subject to redemption prior to maturity. See “THE BONDS Redemption.” Tax Matters In the opinion of GCR, LLP, San Diego, California, Bond Counsel, based on existing statutes, regulations, rulings and court decisions, interest on the Bonds is excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes and is exempt from State of California personal income taxes. A copy of the proposed opinion of Bond Counsel is set forth in “APPENDIX A” hereto. The Code imposes various restrictions, conditions and requirements relating to the exclusion from gross income for federal income tax purposes of interest on obligations such as the Bonds. The District has covenanted to comply with certain restrictions designed to assure that interest on the Bonds will not be includable in federal gross income. Failure to comply with these covenants may result in interest on the Bonds being includable in federal gross income, possibly from the date of issuance of the Bonds. The opinion of Bond Counsel assumes compliance with these covenants. Bond Counsel has not undertaken to determine (or to inform any person) whether any actions taken (or not taken) or events occurring (or not occurring) after the date of issuance of the Bonds may affect the value of, or the tax status of interest on the Bonds. Further, no assurance can be given that pending or future legislation or amendments to the Code, will not adversely affect the value of, or the tax status of interest on, the Bonds. Prospective owners are urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to proposals to restructure the federal income tax. 2 Authority for Issuance of the Bonds The Bonds will be issued pursuant to certain provisions of the Government Code of the State and pursuant to resolutions adopted by the Board of Trustees of the District on January 12, 2012 and January 26, 2012 (collectively, the “Bond Resolution”). See “THE BONDS - Authority for Issuance” herein. Offering and Delivery of the Bonds The Bonds are offered when, as and if issued and received by the purchasers, subject to approval as to their legality by Bond Counsel. It is anticipated that the Bonds in book-entry form will be available for delivery in New York, New York through the facilities of DTC on or about February ___, 2012. Bank Qualified Obligations The District has designated the Bonds as “qualified tax-exempt obligations” within the meaning of Section 265(b)(3) of the Code. See “BANK QUALIFIED” herein. Continuing Disclosure The District has covenanted for the benefit of bondholders to provide certain financial information and operating data relating to the District and to provide notices of the occurrence of certain enumerated events in compliance with Rule 15c2-12(b)(5) adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission. The specific nature of the information to be made available and of the notices of material events is summarized below under the caption “CONTINUING DISCLOSURE” and APPENDIX C—“FORM OF CONTINUING DISCLOSURE CERTIFICATE” herein. Other Information This Official Statement speaks only as of its date, and the information contained herein is subject to change. Copies of documents referred to herein and information concerning the Bonds are available from the Superintendent, Denair Unified School District, 3460 Lester Road, Denair, California 95316, telephone: (209) 632-7514. The District may impose a charge for copying, mailing and handling. This Official Statement is not to be construed as a contract with the purchasers of the Bonds. Statements contained in this Official Statement which involve estimates, forecasts or matters of opinion, whether or not expressly so described herein, are intended solely as such and are not to be construed as representations of fact. The summaries and references to documents, statutes and constitutional provisions referred to herein do not purport to be comprehensive or definitive, and are qualified in their entireties by reference to each of such documents, statutes and constitutional provisions. The information set forth herein, other than that provided by the District, has been obtained from official sources which are believed to be reliable but it is not guaranteed as to accuracy or completeness by the District. The information and expressions of opinions herein are subject to change without notice and neither delivery of this Official Statement nor any sale made hereunder shall, under any circumstances, create any implication that there has been no change in the affairs of the District since the date hereof. This Official Statement is submitted in connection with the sale of the Bonds referred to herein and may not be reproduced or used, in whole or in part, for any other purpose. All terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings given such terms in the Bond Resolution (as defined below). 3 THE BONDS Authority for Issuance The Bonds are issued pursuant to the provisions of Articles 9 and 11 of Chapter 3 of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the California Government Code and other applicable provisions of law, including, the applicable provisions of the California Education Code, Article XIIIA of the State Constitution (collectively the “Bond Law”) and pursuant to resolutions adopted by the District on January 12, 2012 and January 26, 2012 (collectively, the “Bond Resolution”). Payment of Principal and Interest The Bonds will be dated as of their date of delivery, and bear interest at the rates set forth on the inside front cover page of this Official Statement, payable on each Bond Payment Date, commencing on August 1, 2012, computed using a year of 360 days, comprising twelve 30-day months. Each Bond shall bear interest from the Bond Payment Date next preceding the date of authentication thereof, unless it is authenticated after the close of business on a Record Date and on or prior to the succeeding Interest Date, in which event it shall bear interest from such Interest Date, or unless it is authenticated on or before the Record Date preceding the first Bond Payment Date, in which event it shall bear interest from its dated date; provided, however, that if, at the time o f authentication of any Bond, interest is in default on any outstanding Bonds, such Bond shall bear interest from the Bond Payment Date to which interest has previously been paid or made available for payment on the outstanding Bonds. Paying Agent U.S. Bank National Association, San Francisco, California, will act as the registrar, transfer agent, and paying agent for the Bonds (the “Paying Agent”) under the Bond Resolution. As long as DTC is the registered owner of the Bonds and DTC’s book-entry method is used for the Bonds, the Paying Agent will send any notice of prepayment or other notices to owners only to DTC. Any failure of DTC to advise any DTC Participant, or of any DTC Participant to notify any Beneficial Owner, of any such notice and its content or effect will not affect the validity or sufficiency of the proceedings relating to the prepayment of the Bonds called for prepayment or of any other action covered by such notice. The Paying Agent, the District, the County and the Underwriter of the Bonds have no responsibility or liability for any aspects of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to beneficial ownership, of interests in the Bonds. Redemption The Bonds are not subject to redemption prior to maturity. Registration, Transfer and Exchange of Bonds If the book entry system is discontinued, the District shall cause the Paying Agent to maintain and keep at its principal corporate trust office all books and records necessary for the registration, exchange and transfer of the Bonds. Any Bond may, in accordance with its terms, be transferred, upon the Registration Books, by the person in whose name it is registered, in person or by his duly authorized attorney, upon surrender of such Bond for cancellation at the Office at the Paying Agent, accompanied by delivery of a written instrument of transfer in a form approved by the Paying Agent, duly executed. The Paying Agent shall require the payment by the Owner requesting such transfer of any tax or other governmental charge required to be paid with respect 4 to such transfer. Whenever any Bond is surrendered for transfer, the District shall execute and the Paying Agent shall authenticate and deliver a new Bond or Bonds, for like aggregate principal amount. Bonds may be exchanged at the office of the Paying Agent for a like aggregate principal amount of Bonds of authorized denominations and of the same maturity. The Paying Agent shall require the payment by the Owner requesting such exchange of any tax or other governmental charge required to be paid with respect to such exchange. Neither the District nor the Paying Agent will be required to: (a) issue or transfer any Bonds during a period beginning with the opening of business on the 15th day of the month next preceding either any Bond Payment Date or any date of selection of Bonds to be redeemed and ending with the close of business on the Bond Payment Date or day on which the applicable notice of redemption is given, or (b) transfer any Bonds which have been selected or called for redemption in whole or in part. Book-Entry Only System The Bonds will be issued as one fully registered bond without coupons for each maturity and, when issued, will be registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of DTC. DTC will act as securities depository of the Bonds. Individual purchases may be made in book-entry form only. Purchasers will not receive certificates representing their interest in the Bonds purchased. Principal of and interest on the Bonds will be paid by the Paying Agent to DTC, which will in turn remit such principal of and interest on the Bonds to its participants for subsequent dispersal to the Beneficial Owners of the Bonds, as applicable, as described herein. See APPENDIX F—“DTC AND THE BOOK-ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM” herein. Defeasance All or any portion of the outstanding maturities of the Bonds may be defeased at any time prior to maturity in the following ways: (i) Cash: by irrevocably depositing with the Paying Agent, or an escrow bank, an amount of cash which together with amounts then on deposit in the Debt Service Fund, is sufficient to pay any or all Bonds outstanding and designated for defeasance, including all principal of, and interest and premium, if any; or (ii) United States Obligations: by irrevocably depositing in the Debt Service Fund or with an escrow bank noncallable United States Obligations (as defined below) together with cash, if required, in such amount as will, in the opinion of an independent certified public accountant, together with interest to accrue thereon and moneys then on deposit in the Debt Service Fund together with the interest to accrue thereon, be fully sufficient to pay and discharge any or all Bonds outstanding and designated for defeasance (including all principal of and interest and premiums, if any, thereon) at or before their maturity date: then, notwithstanding that any Bonds so defeased shall not have been surrendered for payment, all obligations of the District with respect to such Bonds so defeased shall cease and terminate, except only the obligation of the District and the Paying Agent to pay or cause to be paid from funds deposited pursuant to paragraphs (i) or (ii) above, to the owners of such Bonds not so surrendered and paid all sums due with respect thereto. “United States Obligations” means: direct and general obligations of the United States of America, or obligations that are fully and unconditionally guaranteed as to principal and interest by the United States of America, including (in the case of direct and general obligations of the United States of America) evidence of direct ownership or proportionate interests in future interest or principal payments of such obligations. Investments in such proportionate interests must be limited to circumstances wherein (a) a bank or trust company acts as custodian and holds the underlying United States Obligations; (b) the owner of the investment 5 is the real party in interest and has the right to proceed directly and individually against the obligor of the underlying United States Obligations; and (c) the underlying United States Obligations are held in a special account, segregated from the custodian’s general assets, and are not available to satisfy any claims of the custodian, any person claiming through the custodian, or any person to whom the custodian may be obligated; provided that such obligations are rated “AAA” by Standard & Poor’s and “Aaa” by Moody’s Investors Service. Unclaimed Moneys Any moneys held in any fund created pursuant to the Resolution, or by the Paying Agent in trust, for the payment and discharge of any of the Bonds remaining unclaimed for one year after the date such Bonds become due and payable shall be paid to the District to be applied in accordance with law; provided, however, that the Paying Agent, before making such payment, shall cause notice to be mailed to the Owners of all such Bonds at the addresses on the registration books, no less than 30 days prior to the date of such payment. Thereafter, the District shall have all responsibility and liability for the payment of such Bonds. Application and Investment of Bond Proceeds and Tax Revenues Proceeds of the Bonds. The Bonds are being issued to advance refund a portion of the outstanding Refunded Bonds and to pay the costs of issuing the Bonds. The District and U.S. Bank National Association, as escrow bank (the “Escrow Bank”) will enter into an Escrow Agreement, dated as of February 1, 2012 (the “Escrow Agreement”), with respect to the Refunded Bonds being refunded, pursuant to which the District will deposit or cause to be deposited a portion of the proceeds from the sale of the Bonds into an escrow fund (the “Escrow Fund”) to be held by the Escrow Bank. The amount deposited in the Escrow Fund will be applied to the purchase of certain securities and investments consisting of direct noncallable obligations of the United States of America or obligations which are unconditionally guaranteed by the United States of America in an amount sufficient in the opinion of the Verification Agent to defease the Refunded Bonds. See “ESCROW VERIFICATION” herein. Net proceeds of the Bonds necessary to pay all costs of issuance not being paid by the Underwriter shall be deposited in the fund of the District known as the “Denair Unified School District Refunding Bond Cost of Issuance Fund” and shall be kept separate and distinct from all other District funds, and those proceeds shall be used solely for the purpose of paying costs of issuance of the Bonds. The Costs of Issuance Fund may, at the discretion of the District, be held by the Paying Agent or other Costs of Issuance custodian. Any premium or accrued interest received by the District after the payment of the costs of issuing the Bonds shall be transferred to the County Treasury and deposited into the Denair Unified School District General Obligation Refunding Bonds Debt Service Fund (the “Debt Service Fund”) established under the Bond Resolution and be applied to the payment of principal of interest on the Bonds. Interest and earning on such fund will accrue to that fund. The proceeds of the Bonds deposited in the Debt Service Fund and the ad valorem property taxes levied to repay the Bonds, when received, shall be kept separate and apart in the Debt Service Fund and used only for payments of principal of and interest on the Bonds. If after payment in full of the Bonds any excess amounts remain in the Debt Service Fund, such amounts shall be transferred to the District’s General Fund. Investment of Bond Proceeds and Other Moneys. The Bond proceeds deposited in the Escrow Fund will be invested in general obligations as described above. The proceeds of the ad valorem property taxes levied to repay the Bonds and moneys held in the Debt Service Fund established under the Bond Resolution may be invested in any investment permitted by law. It is anticipated that the ad valorem tax proceeds and moneys in the Debt Service Fund will be held by the Treasurer-Tax Collector of the County (the “County Treasurer”) and be invested on behalf of the District by the County Treasurer in such investments as are 6 authorized by Section 53601 and following of the California Government Code, consistent with the investment policy of the County. See APPENDIX E – “STANISLAUS COUNTY INVESTMENT POLICY AND DESCRIPTION OF INVESTMENT POOL.” In addition, the District could provide instructions to invest in other lawful investments. Annual Debt Service The following table sets forth the annual debt service requirements of the District for the Bonds: Year Ending August 1 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 TOTAL Annual Interest (1) Payment Annual Principal Payment Total Annual Debt Service ________________________ (1) Interest payments on the Bonds will be made semiannually on February 1 and August 1 of each year, commencing August 1, 2012. [REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] 7 The following table summarizes the aggregate annual debt service requirements for all of the District’s outstanding Prior General Obligation Bonds (as defined herein) and the Bonds (assuming no optional redemptions): Denair Unified School District Aggregate Annual Debt Service Year Ending (August 1) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040 2041 2042 2043 Total General Obligation Bonds(1) $ 943,161.96 991,482.52 1,060,482.52 1,120,413.76 1,201,038.76 1,282,078.76 1,366,423.76 1,464,516.26 1,560,090.00 1,660,051.26 1,773,518.76 1,890,142.50 2,031,242.50 2,196,717.50 2,374,677.50 2,804,897.50 2,000,452.50 982,312.50 1,026,187.50 1,070,225.00 1,119,100.00 1,158,150.00 1,214,459.60 1,264,594.00 1,323,150.00 1,386,076.65 1,452,642.05 1,521,731.85 1,593,355.95 1,667,525.00 1,744,762.50 1,830,000.00 $ 48,075,660.92 Bonds Debt Service $ Aggregate Annual Debt Service $ ____________________________________ (1) Constitutes debt service on all outstanding general obligation bonds of the District, which are comprised of the 2001 General Obligation Bonds which will remain outstanding after the refunding of the Refunded Bonds and the 2007 General Obligation Bonds. 8 ESTIMATED SOURCES AND USES OF FUNDS The estimated sources and uses of funds in connection with the Bonds are as follows: Sources of Funds Principal Amount of Bonds Plus Net Original Issue Premium Total Source of Funds $ $ Uses of Funds Escrow Fund Costs of Issuance(1) Deposit to Debt Service Fund Total Uses of Funds (1) $ $ Includes all costs of issuance, including the Underwriter’s discount, legal fees and expenses, financial advisor fees and expenses, costs of printing, rating agency fees, initial paying agent fees, escrow bank fees, bond insurance premium, verification agent fees and other miscellaneous expenses the Underwriter has contracted to pay. SECURITY FOR THE BONDS General The Bonds are general obligation bonds of the District payable solely from ad valorem property taxes levied on taxable property within the District. The County, on behalf of the District, is empowered and obligated annually to levy ad valorem taxes, without limitation of rate or amount, for the payment of the principal of and interest on the Bonds due and payable in the next succeeding bond year (less amounts on deposit in the Debt Service Fund established under the Bond Resolution), upon all property subject to taxation by the District (except certain personal property which is taxable at limited rates). The Bond Resolution pledges as security for the Bonds the proceeds from the levy of the ad valorem tax which are collected and allocated to the payment of the Bonds. See “TAX BASE FOR REPAYMENT OF BONDS” herein. The moneys in the Debt Service Fund to the extent necessary to pay the principal of and interest on the Bonds as the same becomes due and payable, shall be transferred by the County to the Paying Agent. The Paying Agent will in turn remit the funds to DTC for remittance of such principal and interest to its Participants for subsequent disbursement to the Beneficial Owners of the Bonds. On November 6, 2001, the District voters authorized the issuance of general obligation bonds in a principal amount not to exceed $8,200,000 (“2001 General Obligation Bonds”). The District issued a portion of the 2001 General Obligation Bonds in March 2002 as Series A originally issued as Current Interest Bonds and Capital Appreciation Bonds in the amount of $5,161,002, which as of June 30, 2011 were outstanding in the amount of $5,480,283. In May 2003, the District issued as Series B the remaining 2001 General Obligation Bonds as Current Interest Bonds and Capital Appreciation Bonds originally issued in the amount of $3,037,067 which as of June 30, 2011 were outstanding in the amount of $5,060,294. The net proceeds of the Bonds will be used to refund a portion of the 2001 General Obligation Bonds, designated herein as the Refunded Bonds. On November 6, 2007, the District voters authorized the issuance of general obligation bonds in a principal amount not to exceed $13,000,000 (the “2007 General Obligation Bonds” and together with the 2001 General Obligation Bonds, the “Prior General Obligation Bonds”). In July 2008, the District issued $7,500,000 of the 2007 General Obligation Bonds as Current Interest Bonds. As of June 30, 2011, $7,490,000 aggregate principal amount of the 2007 General Obligation Bonds remained outstanding. See “DISTRICT DEBT STRUCTURE - LongTerm Obligations” herein for additional information. 9 Prior General Obligation Bonds that are expected to remain outstanding after the issuance of the Bonds will be payable on a parity with the Bonds solely from ad valorem taxes levied on taxable property within the District. See “THE BONDS – Debt Service Schedules” herein. The amount of the annual ad valorem tax levied to repay the Bonds and the Prior General Obligation Bonds will be determined by the relationship between the assessed valuation of taxable property in the District and the amount of debt service due on the Bonds and the Prior General Obligation Bonds in any year. Fluctuations in the annual debt service on the Bonds and the Prior General Obligation Bonds and the assessed value of taxable property in the District may cause the annual tax rate to fluctuate. Economic and other factors beyond the District’s control could cause a reduction in the assessed value of taxable property within the District and necessitate a corresponding increase in the annual tax rate. These factors include a general market decline in real property values, reclassification of property to a class exempt from taxation, whether by ownership or use (such as exemptions for property owned by the federal government, the State of California (the “State”) and local agencies and property used for qualified educational, hospital, charitable or religious purposes), or the complete or partial destruction of taxable property caused by a natural or manmade disaster, such as earthquake, flood or toxic contamination. For further information regarding the District’s assessed valuation, tax rates, and other matters concerning taxation see “STATE CONSTITUTIONAL AND STATUTORY PROVISIONS AFFECTING DISTRICT REVENUES AND APPROPRIATIONS” herein. THE BONDS ARE GENERAL OBLIGATION BONDS OF THE DISTRICT AND DO NOT CONSTITUTE A DEBT, LIABILITY OR OBLIGATION OF THE COUNTY. NO PART OF ANY FUND OF THE COUNTY IS PLEDGED OR OBLIGATED TO THE PAYMENT OF THE BONDS. BOND INSURANCE The District has applied for a policy of municipal bond insurance with respect to the Bonds. If bond insurance is purchased, the scheduled payment of principal and interest on the Bonds when due will be guaranteed under an insurance policy to be issued concurrently with the delivery of the Bonds. TAX BASE FOR REPAYMENT OF THE BONDS The information in this section describes ad valorem property taxation, assessed valuation, and other measures of the tax base of the District. The Bonds are payable solely from ad valorem taxes levied and collected by the County on taxable property in the District. The District’s General Fund is not a source for the repayment of the Bonds. Ad Valorem Property Taxation The collection of property taxes is significant to the District and the owners of the Bonds in two respects. First, the County will levy and collect ad valorem taxes on all taxable parcels within the District which are pledged specifically to the repayment of the Bonds and the Prior General Obligation Bonds. Second, the general ad valorem property tax levy levied in accordance with Article XIIIA of the California Constitution and its implementing legislation is a source of funding to operate the District’s educational program. See “DISTRICT FINANCIAL MATTERS—Revenue Limit Sources” below. As described below, the general ad valorem property tax levy and the additional ad valorem property tax levy pledged to repay the Bonds and the Prior General Obligation Bonds will be collected on the annual tax bills distributed by the County to the owners of parcels within the boundaries of the District. The additional ad valorem property tax levy pledged to repay the Bonds and the Prior General Obligation Bonds may be used only to repay such bonds and may not be used to fund other District expenditures. Method of Property Taxation. Beginning in fiscal year 1978-79, Article XIIIA and its implementing legislation permitted each county to levy and collect all property taxes (except for levies to support prior voter approved indebtedness) and prescribed how levies on county-wide property values were to be shared with local 10 taxing entities within each county. All property is assessed using full cash value as defined by Article XIIIA of the State Constitution. State law, however, provides exemptions from ad valorem property taxation for certain classes of property such as churches, colleges, non-profit hospitals, and charitable institutions. For purposes of allocating a county’s 1% base property tax levy, future assessed valuation growth allowed under Article XIIIA (new construction, certain changes of ownership, up to 2% inflation) will be allocated on the basis of “situs” among the jurisdictions that serve the tax rate area within which the growth occurs. Local agencies and schools will share the growth of “base” sources from the tax rate area. Each year’s growth allocation becomes part of each agency’s allocation in the following year. The availability of revenue from growth in the tax bases in such entities may be affected by the existence of redevelopment agencies which, under certain circumstances, may be entitled to sources resulting from the increase in certain property values. State law exempts $7,000 of the assessed valuation of an owner-occupied principal residence. This exemption does not result in any loss of revenue to local agencies since an amount equivalent to the taxes that would have been payable on such exempt values is made up by the State. Taxes are levied for each fiscal year on taxable real and personal property which is situated in a county as of the preceding January 1. Real property which changes ownership or is newly constructed is revalued at the time the change in ownership occurs or the new construction is completed. The current year property tax rate will be applied to the reassessment, and the taxes will then be adjusted by a proration factor to reflect the portion of the remaining tax year for which taxes are due. For assessment and collection purposes, property is classified either as “secured” or “unsecured” and is listed accordingly on separate parts of the assessment roll, also containing State-assessed property, and property, the taxes on which are a lien on real property sufficient, in the opinion of the county assessor, to secure payment of the taxes. Other property is assessed on the “unsecured roll.” Property taxes on the secured roll are due in two installments, on November 1 and February 1 of each fiscal year, and if unpaid become delinquent on December 10 and April 10, respectively. A penalty of 10 percent attaches immediately to all delinquent payments. Property on the secured roll with respect to which taxes are delinquent becomes tax defaulted on or about June 30 of the fiscal year. Such property may thereafter be redeemed by payment of a penalty of 1.5 percent per month to the time of redemption, plus costs and a redemption fee. If taxes are unpaid for a period of five years or more, the property is subject to sale by the Treasurer-Tax Collector of the county levying the tax. Property taxes on the unsecured roll are due as of the January 1 lien date and become delinquent, if unpaid, on August 31. A 10 percent penalty attaches to delinquent unsecured taxes. If unsecured taxes are unpaid at 5 p.m. on October 31, an additional penalty of 1.5 percent attaches to them on the first day of each month until paid. A county has four ways of collecting delinquent unsecured personal property taxes: (1) bringing a civil action against the taxpayer; (2) filing a certificate in the office of the county clerk specifying certain facts in order to obtain a lien on certain property of the taxpayer; (3) filing a certificate of delinquency for record in the county recorder’s office in order to obtain a lien on certain property of the taxpayer; and (4) seizing and selling personal property improvements or possessory interests belonging or assessed to the delinquent taxpayer. Appeals of Assessed Value; Proposition 8 Reductions. A property owner may appeal a County Assessor’s determination of assessed value based on Proposition 8, passed by the voters in November 1978 (“Proposition 8”), or based on a challenge to the base year value. Proposition 8 requires that for each January 1 lien date, the taxable value of real property must be the lesser of its base year value, annually adjusted by the inflation factor pursuant to Article XIIIA of the State Constitution, or its full cash value, taking into account reductions in value due to damage, destruction, depreciation, obsolescence, removal of property or other factors causing a decline in value. Property owners may apply for a Proposition 8 reduction of their property tax assessment with the County board of equalization 11 or assessment appeals board. In most cases, an appeal is based on the property owners believe that market conditions cause the property to be worth less than its current assessed value. Proposition 8 reductions may also be unilaterally applied by the County Assessor. See “—Historic Assessed Valuations - Table 1- Summary of Assessed Valuation” reflecting the County Assessor’s reduction of the assessed value of certain parcels, commencing in fiscal year 2008-09. Any reduction in the assessed value granted as a result of a Proposition 8 appeal, or unilateral reassessment by the County Assessor, applies to the year for which the application or reassessment is made. These reductions are subject to annual review and the assessed values are adjusted back to the original values when market conditions improve. Once the property has regained its prior value, adjusted for inflation, it becomes subject to the annual inflationary factor growth rate allowed under Article XIIIA. Appeals for reduction in the base year value of an assessment, if successful, reduce the assessment for the year in which the appeal is made and thereafter. The base year is determined by the completion date of new construction or the date of change of ownership. Any base year appeal must be made within four years of change of ownership or new construction date. The District cannot predict the changes in assessed values that might result from pending or future appeals by taxpayers. Any reduction in aggregate assessed valuation of property within the District due to appeals, as with any reduction in assessed valuation due to other causes, will result in an increase of the tax rate levied upon all property subject to taxation within the District for the payment of principal of and interest on the Bonds, when due. District Assessed Valuation. Both the general ad valorem property tax levy and the additional ad valorem levy for the Bonds is based upon the assessed valuation of the parcels of taxable property in the District. Property taxes allocated to the District are collected by the County at the same time and on the same tax rolls as are county, city and special district taxes. The assessed valuation of each parcel of property is the same for both District and county taxing purposes. The valuation of secured property by the County is established as of January 1, and is subsequently equalized in September of each year. Taxation of State-Assessed Utility Property. A portion of property tax revenue of the District is derived from utility property subject to assessment by the State Board of Equalization (“SBE”). State-assessed property, or “unitary property,” is property of a utility system with components located in many taxing jurisdictions that are assessed as part of a “going concern” rather than as individual pieces of real or personal property. The assessed value of unitary and certain other state-assessed property is allocated to the counties by the SBE, taxed at special county-wide rates, and the tax revenues distributed to taxing jurisdictions (including the District) according to statutory formulae generally based on the distribution of taxes in the prior year. Teeter Plan. Certain counties in the State of California operate under a statutory program entitled Alternate Method of Distribution of Tax Levies and Collections and of Tax Sale Proceeds (the “Teeter Plan”). Under the Teeter Plan local taxing entities receive 100% of their secured tax levies net of delinquencies, but do not receive interest or penalties on delinquent taxes collected by the county. The County has adopted the Teeter Plan. As a result, the County is required to pay to the District 100% of the secured property taxes levied without regard to delinquencies. The County has the right under certain circumstances to terminate the Teeter Plan or remove the District from the Teeter Plan. The County has not notified the District of any intention to terminate the Teeter Plan or to exclude the District from the plan. 12 Historic Assessed Valuations The information provided in Tables 1 through 5 below has been provided by California Municipal Statistics, Inc. The District has not independently verified this information and does not guarantee its accuracy. Table 1 shows the assessed valuation in the District for the 2007-08 through the 2011-12 fiscal years. After several years of increases, in Fiscal Year 2008-09, the District’s assessed valuation dropped by approximately 5.5% as a result of a sharp decline in real estate values. The County is expected to release the assessed valuations for Fiscal Year 2012-13 in the last quarter of 2012. Table 1 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Summary of Assessed Valuations(1) Fiscal Year 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 (1) (2) (3) Local Secured $841,001,016 795,250,979 773,149,485 763,914,910 763,482,867 (2) Utility $168,814 403,269 401,614 401,652 481,022 Unsecured $23,790,133 24,457,917 23,314,962 22,429,222 21,771,370 (3) Total $864,959,963 820,112,165 796,866,061 786,745,784 785,672,259 Does not include unitary property valuation. Includes property owned by each utility within the District. Totals before the redevelopment increment deduction. Source: California Municipal Statistics, Inc. Tax Levies, Collections and Delinquencies. Table 2 summarizes the general ad valorem secured property tax levied within the County in accordance with Article XIIIA of the California Constitution and the amount delinquent for fiscal years 2006-07 through 2010-11. The tax levy and delinquency information are not available for individual districts within Stanislaus County. Under the terms of the County’s Teeter Plan, the District is paid 100% of the entire secured tax levy each year by the County and the County takes responsibility for collecting delinquencies and keeps penalties and interest. Table 2 STANISLAUS COUNTY General Ad Valorem Secured Tax Charges and Delinquencies Fiscal Year 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 Secured Tax Charges Levied(1) $437,629,068 506,644,920 454,764,544 424,251,265 414,118,855 Amount Delinquent as of June 30 $26,374,570 48,880,351 22,479,686 14,218,355 10,608,959 (1) % Delinquent June 30(2) 6.03% 9.25 4.94 3.35 2.56 All property taxes collected by the County. Reflects Countywide delinquency rate. Source: California Municipal Statistics, Inc. based upon information available from the State of California Controller’s Office. (2) 13 Tax Rates. Table 3 sets forth the ad valorem tax rates per $100 of assessed valuation levied by all taxing entities in a typical Tax Rate Area for Fiscal Year 2011-12. Table 3 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Typical Tax Rate per $100 of Assessed Valuation 2011-12 Typical Total Tax Rate (TRA 56-001) General Denair Unified School District Yosemite Community College District Total 1.000000 .116280 .024632 1.140912 Source: California Municipal Statistics, Inc. Largest Property Taxpayers. Table 4 below lists the 20 largest property taxpayers within the District measured by assessed valuation for fiscal year 2011-12. Table 4 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Twenty Largest 2011-12 Local Secured Property Taxpayers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. Property Owner Fresno Farming LLC Valley Fresh Foods Inc. Foster Dairy Farms Roy A. and Doris J. Johnson California Royale LLC Montpelier Orchards Wendell J. Naraghi William Haringa Lakespring Farms Corp. Jeanette Veldhuis Protein Enterprises Ahlem Foothill Farms Jose L. and Barbara O. Garcia Margaret Naraghi-Quattrin Daniel Properties LP Roger E. Smith Texas Municipal Plans Consortium LLC Joseph B. and Belinda M. Silva Montpelier Farming Corporation Campos Land Company 2011-12 Primary Land Use Assessed Valuation Agricultural $22,848,674 Agricultural 22,119,816 Agricultural 10,669,856 Agricultural 6,954,573 Agricultural 6,660,572 Agricultural 6,190,518 Agricultural 5,896,423 Agricultural 5,311,262 Agricultural 5,184,743 Agricultural 5,183,783 Agricultural 5,174,315 Agricultural 4,624,446 Agricultural 4,381,170 Agricultural 4,274,340 Agricultural 3,740,085 Agricultural 3,488,699 Agricultural 3,393,567 Agricultural 3,243,271 Agricultural 3,137,909 Agricultural 3,084,846 $135,562,868 (1) 2011-12 Local Secured Assessed Valuation: $763,482,867 Source: California Municipal Statistics, Inc. 14 % of Total (1) 2.99% 2.90 1.40 0.91 0.87 0.81 0.77 0.70 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.61 0.57 0.56 0.49 0.46 0.44 0.42 0.41 0.40 17.76% Assessed Valuation and Parcels by Land Use. Table 5 reflects the District’s assessed valuation by land use in fiscal year 2011-12. Table 5 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Assessed Valuation and Parcels by Land Use 2011-12 Assessed Valuation (1) % of Total No. of Parcels % of Total Non-Residential: Agricultural Commercial Vacant Commercial Industrial Vacant Industrial Government/Social/Institutional Subtotal Non-Residential $303,907,985 11,612,707 710,974 4,938,515 818,290 0 $321,988,471 39.81% 1.52 0.09 0.65 0.11 0.00 42.17% 634 40 5 12 4 149 844 20.20% 1.27 0.16 0.38 0.13 4.75 26.89% Residential: Single Family Residence 2-3 Residential Units 4+ Residential Units/Apartments Mobile Home Mobile Home Park Vacant Residential Subtotal Residential $410,111,306 2,504,688 3,798,597 193,796 1,454,320 23,431,689 $441,494,396 53.72% 0.33 0.50 0.03 0.19 3.07 57.83% 1,977 25 15 11 2 265 2,295 62.98% 0.80 0.48 0.35 0.06 8.44 73.11% Total $763,482,867 100.00% 3,139 100.00% (1) Local Secured Assessed Valuation; excluding tax-exempt property. Source: California Municipal Statistics, Inc. THE DISTRICT The information in this section concerning the management and operations of the Denair Unified School District (the “District”), and the District’s revenues and expenditures, is provided as supplementary information only. It should not be inferred from the inclusion of this information in this Official Statement that the principal of or interest on the Bonds is payable from the General Fund of the District or from other District revenues. The Bonds are payable solely from the proceeds of an ad valorem tax required to be levied by the Board of Supervisors of Stanislaus County(the “County”) in an amount sufficient for the payment of principal and interest on the Bonds. See “SECURITY FOR THE BONDS” and “TAX BASE FOR REPAYMENT OF THE BONDS—Ad Valorem Property Taxation” in this Official Statement. See also “District Debt Structure,” and “Direct and Overlapping Debt” in this Official Statement for information concerning the District’s outstanding general obligation bonds payable from ad valorem taxes on a parity with the Bonds. Introduction The Denair Unified School District (the “District”) was established as a school district in 1942. The District is located in the central portion of Stanislaus County and serves the community of Denair, a portion of the City of Turlock and unincorporated areas of Stanislaus County. The District encompasses approximately 56 square miles and currently operates one elementary school, one middle school, one high school, two community day schools and two charter schools. The current student-teacher ratio in the District is 1:20.56 in grades K-3, 1:24.02 in grades 4-6, 1:23.43 in grades 7-8, and 1:19.00 in grades 9-12. 15 Board of Trustees The District is governed by a five member Board of Trustees (the “Board”). Members are elected to four year terms. Elections for positions to the Board are held every two years, alternating between two and three available positions. Current members of the Board of Trustees, together with their office and the date their term expires, are listed below: Table 6 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Board of Trustees Name Term Expires Louisa Allen, President Carolyn Brown, Clerk Robert Hodges, Trustee John Plett, Trustee Don Smith, Trustee December 2013 December 2015 December 2013 December 2015 December 2015 Source: Denair Unified School District. Superintendent and Administrative Personnel The Superintendent of the District, appointed by the Board, is responsible for management of the day-to-day operations and supervises the work of other District administrators. Mr. Edward E. Parraz is currently the Superintendent of the District. Brief biographies of key personnel follows: Edward E. Parraz, Superintendent. Mr. Parraz is in his tenth year as Superintendent of the District. Prior to joining the District, he served the Visalia Unified School District for four years as Director of Middle School Education, Director of Student Services, Area Administrator 7 - 12/Adult, and as an Educational Consultant. In total, he has spent 32 years in the field of education in California. Mr. Parraz received his master’s degree in education from the University of San Francisco, a Bachelor of Science degree in poultry industry from California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, and a Bachelor of Science degree in agricultural education from California State University, Fresno. Judy Sylvester, Assistant Superintendent of Business Services. Ms. Sylvester is in her seventh year as Assistant Superintendent of Business Services of the District. She has spent over 21 years in public school business services. Prior to joining the District, she served the Patterson Joint Unified School District as Accounting Technician for nearly seven years. She also worked at St. Helena Unified School District in a similar capacity for over seven years. Ms. Sylvester received her bachelor of science in elementary education degree in the Philippines, and an associate degree in Accounting from Napa Valley College. She completed the School Business Managers Academy offered by the Association of California School Administrators, as well as the School Business Management Program offered by the USA Foundation. Ms. Sylvester completed the Professional Preparation in Public School Business Administration and has become the Certified Chief Business Official of the District. 16 Recent Enrollment Trends The following table sets forth the enrollment in the District from fiscal year 2006-07 through 2010-11 and an estimate for fiscal year 2011-12. Table 7 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Annual Enrollment Fiscal Years 2006-07 through 2010-11 and an Estimate for Fiscal Year 2011-12 Fiscal Year 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 (projected) Non-Charter School Enrollment 1,331 1,364 1,366 1,252 1,120 1,085 Charter School Enrollment* 189 236 228 256 526 551 Total Enrollment 1,520 1,600 1,564 1,508 1,646 1,636 * The District maintains two dependent Charter Schools: Denair Charter Academy, which operates a K-12 independent study program and Denair Academic Avenues, which operates a slow growth seat-based model commencing in 2010-11 with Grades 1-3, and is currently operating Grades 1-4. Source: Denair Unified School District. [REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] 17 Average Daily Attendance and Base Revenue Limit For each unit of ADA, the District expects to receive an amount equal to the base revenue limit from the State. See “THE DISTRICT FINANCIAL MATTERS — Revenue Limit Sources” herein. The State, however, practices deficit revenue limit funding, which reduces the amount of revenue limit funds received by school districts. The ADA, base revenue limit and deficited revenue limit figures for the District for fiscal years 2007-08 through 2011-12 are set forth below. Table 8 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Average Daily Attendance Fiscal Year 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 (1) Total Average Daily Attendance(1) 1,321.34 1,312.32 1,254.23 1,117.18 1,064.86 Base Revenue Limit per ADA $6,174.40 6,503.40 6,765.40 6,740.40 6,883.40 Deficited Revenue Limit per ADA $6,174.40 5,993.27 5,523.61 5,529.62 5,523.65 Funded ADA, Charter Schools ADA not included. The decline in ADA in 2010-11 was a result of transfers from the District’s regular elementary education program to the District’s dependent charter school, Denair Academic Avenues. The District anticipates 2013-14 will be the first year of recovery from loss of ADA to the dependent charter school when the prior 5th grade cohorts at the charter school are expected to matriculate to the regular education middle school program. Labor Relations and Collective Bargaining The teachers of the District (certificated personnel) are represented by the California Teachers Association as their exclusive bargaining agent and are covered by a contract that will expire on June 30, 2012. As of June 30, 2011, the District employed 125 certificated employees. Table 9 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Certificated Employees Fiscal Year 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 Total Number of Employees 93 97 100 128 125 Source: Denair Unified School District. The non-teaching positions (“classified employees”) are represented by the California School Employees Association, as their exclusive bargaining agent, and are covered by a contract that will expire on June 30, 2013. As of June 30, 2011, the District employed 90 classified employees. 18 Table 10 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Classified Employees Fiscal Year 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 Total Number of Employees 86 86 91 92 90 Source: Denair Unified School District. District Retirement Systems The District participates in the California State Teacher’s Retirement System (“STRS”). This plan covers all full-time and most part-time certificated employees. Active plan members are required to contribute 8% of their salary and the District is required to contribute an actuarially determined rate. The District’s required employer contribution for fiscal years 2009-10 through 2011-12 has been 8.25% of annual payroll. The contribution requirements of the plan members are established by State statute. The District’s contribution to STRS for fiscal years ending June 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009 were $575,888, $580,475 and $588,199 respectively, and equal 100% of the required contributions for each year. The District’s contribution for fiscal year 2011-2012 is budgeted at $573,569. The District also participates in the California Public Employees’ Retirement System (“PERS”) a costsharing multiple employer public employee retirement system defined benefit pension plan. The plan provides retirement and disability benefits, annual cost of living adjustments and survivor benefits to plan members and beneficiaries. This plan covers all classified personnel who are employed four or more hours per day except incoming employees already in PERS must continue to be paid at their prior PERS level regardless of the number of hours worked per day. Active plan members are required to contribute 7% of their salary and the District is required to contribute an actuarially determined rate. The District’s required employer contribution rate for PERS was 9.709% in fiscal year 2009-10, 10.707% in fiscal year 2010-11 and 10.923% in fiscal year 2011-12. The contribution requirements of the plan members are established by State statute. The District’s contribution to PERS for fiscal years ending June 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009 were $197,855, $178,975 and $181,757 respectively, which represent 100% of the required contributions for each fiscal year and for fiscal year 2011-2012 is budgeted to be $208,935. Both STRS and PERS are operated on a statewide basis. Table 11 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Retirement Contributions for Fiscal Year 2010-11 Number of Employees Covered STRS PERS 106 61 Total Employer Contributions(1) $575,888 197,855 Employer Contribution as a Percentage of Covered Payroll 8.25% 10.707 (1) Total Employer Contributions includes moneys from all available District funds. Source: Denair Unified School District. Both STRS and PERS are operated on a statewide basis and, based on available information, both STRS and PERS have unfunded liabilities. The amounts of the pension-award benefit obligation (PERS) or 19 unfunded actuarially accrued liability (STRS) will vary from time to time depending upon actuarial assumptions, rates of return on investments, salary scales, and levels of contribution. The District is unable to predict what the amount of liabilities will be in the future, or what the amount of contributions that the District may be required to make will be. STRS and PERS each issue separate comprehensive annual financial reports that include financial statements and required supplementary information. Copies of the STRS annual financial report may be obtained from STRS, P.O. Box 15275, Sacramento, California 95851-0275, and copies of the PERS annual financial report and actuarial valuations may be obtained from the CalPERS Financial Services Division, P.O. Box 942703, Sacramento, California 94229-2703. The information presented in these reports is not incorporated by reference in this Official Statement. Other Post-Employment Benefits The District’s Post-Employment Benefit Plan (the “Plan”), is a single employer defined benefit healthcare plan administered by the District. The Plan provides medical and dental insurance benefits to eligible retirees and their spouses in accordance with District employment contracts. As of June 30, 2011, membership in the Plan consisted of 10 retirees and beneficiaries and 133 active plan members. For Fiscal year 2010-11 the District contributed $157,886 to the Plan of which $57,843 was used for current premiums (approximately 83% of total premiums) and $100,043 was placed into an Irrevocable Trust Fund. Plan members receiving benefits contributed $11,144 or approximately 17% of the total premium. Under Government Accounting Standards Board Regulation 45 (“GASB 45”), the District is required to actuarially determine its accrued liability for the Plan and the amount of its annual required contribution of the employer (the “ARC”). The ARC represents a level of funding that, if paid on an ongoing basis, is projected to cover the cost each year and amortize any unfunded actuarial accrued liabilities (UAAL) (or funding excess) over a period not to exceed 30 years. The following table shows the components of the District's annual OPEB cost for the year, the amount actually contributed to the plan, and changes in the District's net OPEB obligation to the Plan: Annual required contribution Contributions made Increase in net OPEB obligation Net OPEB obligation, beginning of year Net OPEB (Asset), end of year $140,228 (157,886) (17,657) 56 $(17,601) The annual OPEB cost, the percentage of annual OPEB cost contributed to the Plan, and the net OPEB obligation/(asset) is as follows: Year Ended June 30 Obligation/(Asset) 2011 Annual Required $140,228 Percentage 100.00% Net OPEB ____ ($17,601) As of June 30, 2011, the District’s unfunded actuarial accrued liability was $43,810. Insurance The District is a member of the Central Regions Schools Insurance Group (“CRSIG”), a public entity risk pool. The District pays an annual premium to CRSIG for worker’s compensation, property, liability and medical insurance coverage. During the year ending June 30, 2011 the District paid $788,788 to CRSIG for worker’s compensation, property and liability and medical coverage. 20 DISTRICT FINANCIAL MATTERS Accounting Practices The accounting policies of the District conform to generally accepted accounting principles and are in accordance with the policies and procedures of the California School Accounting Manual. This manual, according to Section 41010 of the California Education Code, is to be followed by all State school districts. Revenues are recognized in the period in which they become both measurable and available to finance expenditures of the current fiscal period. Expenditures are recognized in the period in which the liability is incurred. District Budget The District is required by provisions of the California Education Code to maintain each year a balanced budget in which the sum of expenditures plus the ending fund balance cannot exceed the revenues plus the carry over fund balance from the previous year. The California State Department of Education imposes a uniform budgeting format for each school district in the State. School districts must adopt a budget no later than June 30 of each year. The budget must be submitted to the County Superintendent of Schools (the “County Superintendent”) within five days of adoption or by July 1, whichever occurs first. A district may be on either a dual or single budget cycle. The dual budget option requires a revised and readopted budget by September 1 that is subject to State mandated standards and criteria. The revised budget must reflect changes in projected income and expenses subsequent to July 1. The single budget is only readopted if it is disapproved by the County Superintendent, or as needed. The District is on a single budget cycle and adopts its budget on or before July 1. For both dual and single budgets submitted on July 1, the County Superintendent will (a) examine the adopted budget for compliance with the standards and criteria adopted by the State Board of Education and identify technical corrections necessary to bring the budget into compliance, (b) determine if the budget allows the district to meet its current obligations, and (c) determine if the budget is consistent with a financial plan that will enable the district to meet its multi-year financial commitments. On or before August 15, the County Superintendent will approve or disapprove the adopted budget for each school district. Budgets will be disapproved if they fail the above standards. The district board must be notified by August 15 of the County Superintendent’s recommendations for revision and reasons for the recommendations. The County Superintendent may assign a fiscal advisor or appoint a committee to examine and comment on the recommendations. The committee must report its findings no later than August 20. Any recommendations made by the County Superintendent must be made available by the district for public inspection. The law does not provide for conditional approvals; budgets must be either approved or disapproved. No later than August 20, the County Superintendent must notify the State Superintendent of Public Instruction (the “State Superintendent”) of all school districts whose budget has been disapproved. Each dual budget option district and each single budget option district whose budget has been disapproved must revise and readopt its budget by September 8, reflecting changes in projected income and expenses since July 1, including responding to the County Superintendent’s recommendations. The County Superintendent must determine if the budget conforms with the standards and criteria applicable to final district budgets, and, not later than October 8, must approve or disapprove the revised budgets. If the budget is disapproved, the County Superintendent will call for the formation of a budget review committee pursuant to Education Code Section 42127.1. Until a district’s budget is approved, the district will operate on the lesser of its proposed budget for the current fiscal year or the last budget adopted and reviewed for the prior fiscal year. After approving the districts’ budgets, the County Superintendent will monitor, throughout the fiscal year, each school district under his or her jurisdiction pursuant to its adopted budget to determine on a 21 continuing basis if the district can meet its current and subsequent year financial obligations. If the County Superintendent determines that a district cannot meet its current or subsequent year obligations, the County Superintendent may do either or both of the following: (a) assign a fiscal advisor to enable the district to meet those obligations, or (b) if a study and recommendations are made and a district fails to take appropriate action to meet its financial obligations, the County Superintendent must so notify the State Superintendent, and then may do any or all of the following for the remainder of the fiscal year: (i) request additional information regarding the district’s budget and operations; (ii) develop and impose, also after consulting with the district’s board, revisions to the budget that will enable the district to meet its financial obligations; and (iii) stay or rescind any action inconsistent with such revisions. However, the County Superintendent may not abrogate any provision of any collective bargaining agreement that was entered into prior to the date upon which the County Superintendent assumed authority. At minimum, school districts file with their County Superintendent and the State Department of Education a First Interim Financial Report by December 15 covering financial operations from July 1 through October 31 and a Second Interim Financial Report by March 15 covering financial operations from November 1 through January 31. Section 42131 of the Education Code requires that each interim report be certified by the school board as either (a) “positive,” certifying that the district, “based upon current projections, will meet its financial obligations for the current fiscal year and subsequent two fiscal years,” (b) ”qualified,” certifying that the district, “based upon current projections, may not meet its financial obligations for the current fiscal year or two subsequent fiscal years,” or (c) ”negative,” certifying that the district, “based upon current projections, will be unable to meet its financial obligations for the remainder of the fiscal year or the subsequent fiscal year.” A certification by a school board may be revised by the County Superintendent. If either the First or Second Interim Report is not “positive,” the County Superintendent may require the district to provide a Third Interim Financial Report covering financial operations from February 1 through April 30 by June 1. If not required, a Third Interim Financial Report is not prepared. Each interim report shows fiscal year to date financial operations and the current budget, with any budget amendments made in light of operations and conditions to that point. After the close of the fiscal year on June 30, an unaudited financial report for the fiscal year is prepared and filed without certification with the County Superintendent and the State Department of Education. As a part of the legislation enacting the State’s budget for fiscal year 2011-12, the requirement that districts demonstrate that they can meet their financial obligations for the subsequent two fiscal years was suspended for fiscal year 2011-12. Thus, school districts will only be required to budget for the current year, and will not be required to demonstrate that they can meet their financial obligations for the subsequent two fiscal years (2012-13 and 2013-14). School districts, however, will be required to project the same level of revenue per student in 2011-12 as in 2010-11, as well as maintain staffing and program levels commensurate with such level of funding. See “STATE OF CALIFORNIA FISCAL ISSUES—2011-12 State Budget.” The District has never had an adoption budget disapproved by the County Superintendent of schools and has never received a “negative” certification of an Interim Financial Report pursuant to AB 1200. See however, “DISTRICT FINANCIAL MATTERS – Current Financial Condition.” Major Revenues School district revenues consist primarily of State moneys required to be paid to school districts under the California Constitution, ad valorem property taxes collected on property within the District and funds received from the State in the form of categorical aid under ongoing programs of local assistance. All State aid is subject to the appropriation of funds in the State’s annual budget. Decreases in State revenues may affect appropriations made by the legislature to school districts. Each school district receives a portion of the local property taxes that are collected within its district boundaries. This amount is compared to the total revenue limit amount that a district is to receive under State funding formulas, and the balance is received in the form of State aid. The sum of the property taxes and State 22 aid equal the district’s revenue limit. Districts which receive the minimum amount of State aid are known as “Basic Aid” districts. The District is not a Basic Aid district. School districts in the State have historically received most of their income under a formula known as the State revenue limit. This apportionment, which is funded by State general fund moneys and local property taxes (and in the case of community college districts, certain other local revenues), is allocated to the school districts based on the ADA of the school districts for either the current or preceding school year. Generally, such apportionments will amount to the difference between the school district’s revenue limit and the district’s local property tax allocation. Revenue limit calculations are adjusted annually in accordance with a number of factors designed primarily to provide cost of living increases and to equalize revenues among all California school districts of the same type (i.e., all unified school districts, all high school districts or all elementary school districts). A small part of a school district’s budget is from local sources other than property taxes, such as interest income, donations and sales of property. The rest of a school district’s budget comes from categorical funds provided by the State and federal government. These funds are to be used for specific programs and typically cannot be used for any other purpose. The California lottery is another source of funding for school districts, providing approximately 2% of a school district’s budget. Every school district receives the same amount of lottery funds per pupil from the State; however, these are not categorical funds as they are not for particular programs or children. The initiative authorizing the lottery mandates the funds be used for instructional purposes, and prohibits their use for capital purposes. The State revenue limit was first instituted in 1973-74 to provide a mechanism to calculate the amount of general purpose revenue a school district is entitled to receive from state and local sources. Prior to 197374, taxpayers in districts with low property values per pupil paid higher tax rates than taxpayers in districts with high property values per pupil. However, despite higher tax rates, less was spent per pupil in districts with low property values per pupil than districts with high property values per pupil. Thus, the State revenue limit helps to alleviate the inequities between the two types of districts. The State revenue limit is calculated three times a year for each school district. The first calculation is performed for the February 20th First Principal Apportionment, the second calculation for the June 25th Second Principal Apportionment, and the final calculation for the end of the year Annual Principal Apportionment. Calculations are reviewed by the county and submitted to the State Department of Education to review the calculations for accuracy, calculate the amount of state aid owed to such school district and notify the State Controller of the amount, who then distributes the state aid. The calculation of the amount of State aid a school district is entitled to receive each year is basically a five-step process. First, the prior year State revenue limit per ADA is established, with recalculations as are necessary for adjustments for equalization or other factors. Second, the adjusted prior year state revenue limit per ADA is inflated according to formulas based on the implicit price deflator for government goods and services and the statewide average State revenue limit per ADA for school districts. Third, the current year’s State revenue limit per ADA for each school district is multiplied by such school district’s ADA for either the current or prior year. Fourth, revenue limit add-ons are calculated for each school district if such school district qualified for the add-ons. Add-ons include the necessary small school district adjustments, meals for needy pupils and small school district transportation, and are added to the State revenue limit for each qualifying school district. Finally, local property tax revenues are deducted from the State revenue limit to arrive at the amount of state aid based on the State revenue limit to which each school district is entitled for the current year. Historical General Fund Financial Information Table 12 below summarizes the District’s audited General Fund Revenues, Expenditures and Changes in Fund Balance for fiscal years 2006-07 through 2010-11. See APPENDIX B—“DISTRICT’S 2010-11 23 AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS” for further detail on the District’s financial condition as of June 30, 2011. The District has not requested, and the Auditor (defined herein) has not provided any review or update of such financial statements in connection with inclusion in this Office Statement. [REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] 24 Table 12 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT General Fund Balances, Revenues, and Expenditures Fiscal Years 2006-07 through 2010-11 REVENUES Revenue Limit Federal Revenue Other State Revenue Other Local Revenue Total Revenues EXPENDITURES Current Instruction Instruction-related activities: Supervision of instruction Instructional library, media, and technology School site administration Pupil Services: Home-to-school transportation Food services Other pupil services General administration: Data processing All other general administration Plant services Facility acquisition and construction Ancillary services Community services Other Outgo Debt Service Principal Interest and other Total Expenditures Excess (Deficiency) of Revenues over Expenditures Other Financing Sources & Uses Transfers In Other Sources Transfers Out Net Financing Sources (Uses) Net Change in Fund Balance Beginning Balance Ending Balance 2008-09 Audited 2009-10 Audited 2010-11 (1) Audited 2006-07 Audited 2007-08 Audited $ 8,324,469 587,390 2,162,066 752,801 $11,826,726 $8,319,652 716,267 2,190,926 805,873 $12,032,718 $8,042,398 1,366,989 1,527,293 934,767 $11,871,477 $6,740,385 1,416,689 2,404,543 848,033 $11,409,650 $6,361,827 1,037,704 1,716,167 977,631 $10,093,329 $ 7,324,397 $8,096,022 $7,842,103 $7,336,157 $6,468,995 68,002 77,844 109,856 86,357 157,812 242,218 253,014 267,202 240,696 239,635 803,141 916,911 976,572 871,019 694,271 156,681 322,122 167,060 165,829 160,489 3,995 232,042 4,030 335,073 1,170 340,230 -275,810 -299,723 13,626 568,033 14,404 681,963 -745,705 16,096 657,234 13,479 668,212 1,019,582 1,003,002 1,028,315 1,043,747 1,006,099 16,951 150,589 -543,026 139,679 -228,250 126,127 2,283 236,467 124,261 -265,868 118,544 10,410 258,827 -$11,125,332 -$12,072,314 -$11,843,090 -$11,083,074 -______--___ $10,113,447 701,394 (39,596) 28,357 326,576 (20,118) 87,586 11,012 47,057 159,116 2,454 (72,574) (61,562) (263) 46,794 (460,303) (301,187) (51,660) (49,206) 75,151 25,389 (69,324) 1,163,267 $1,238,418 1,238,419 $1,263,808 (113,557) (25,971) $ 1,264,425 $1,163,267 (1) 1,263,808 $1,194,484 The District expects its Board of Trustees to accept the 2010-11 Audited Financial Statements at the February 9, 2012 Board meeting. Source: Denair Unified School District Audited Financial Statements for fiscal years 2006-07 though 2010-11. 25 Table 13 below compares the District’s General Fund Adopted Budget (GAAP Basis) to its General Fund actual revenues and expenditures (GAAP Basis) for fiscal year 2008-09, and its General Fund Adopted Budget to its General Fund actual revenues and expenditures for fiscal years 2009-10 and 2010-11. Table 13 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Comparison of 2008-09 (GAAP Basis) General Fund Budgeted to General Fund Actual Revenues and Expenditures (GAAP Basis) and 2009-10 and 2010-11 General Fund Budgeted to General Fund Actual Revenues and Expenditures 2008-09 Budget REVENUES Revenue Limit Sources Federal Revenues Other State Revenues Other Local Revenue (1) Total Revenues $ Total Expenditures 8,294,944 703,536 1,654,249 808,115 11,460,844 $ $ 5,565,705 1,876,732 1,843,220 450,656 1,581,609 186,381 $ $ 11,510,303 $ EXPENDITURES Certificated salaries Classified salaries Employee benefits Books and supplies Services, other operating expenses Other outgo Capital outlay (1) Excess (Deficiency) of Revenues Over Expenditures 2008-09 Audited $ 8,042,398 1,366,989 1,205,247 934,767 11,549,401 $ $ $ 5,559,634 1,903,906 1,839,165 331,538 1,697,679 189,122 11,521,044 $ 6,000 2009-10 Audited 2009-10 Budget $ 6,940,688 1,356,035 1,632,217 793,714 10,722,654 $ 6,740,385 1,416,689 2,164,528 848,033 11,169,635 $ 5,103,083 1,832,796 1,868,835 342,770 1,573,723 200,765 10,921,972 $ $ $ 5,169,658 1,789,810 1,810,099 288,432 1,573,547 211,513 10,843,059 $ $ $ $ (49,459) $ 28,357 $ (199,318) $ 326,576 $ $ $ $ 159,116 (460,303) (301,187) $ $ (293,769) (293,769) $ $ 47,057 (263) 46,794 $ $ 10,500 -10,500 $ Net Change in Fund Balances $ (38,959) $ 75,151 $ (493,087) $ 25,389 $ Fund Balance - Beginning Fund Balance - Ending $ $ $ $ 1,163,267 1,238,418 $ $ $ $ 1,238,419 1,263,808 $ $ OTHER FINANCING SOURCES Transfers In Transfers Out Net Financing Sources (Uses): 1,163,267 1,124,308 (1) 1,238,419 745,332 2010-11 (2) Audited 2010-11 Budget 6,121,028 805,126 1,361,283 849,588 9,137,025 $ 4,364,023 1,756,243 1,678,586 173,089 1,404,920 187,337 9,564,198 $ (427,173) ---- (427,173) 1,263,808 836,635 $ $ 4,408,328 1,733,087 1,641,523 284,969 1,676,785 144,840 16,951 9,906,483 $ (20,118) $ $ 2,454 (51,660) (49,206) $ (69,324) $ $ On behalf of the District, the State annually contributes to CalSTRs. On behalf payments are not included in budget amounts rather under GAAP, these amounts are reported as revenues and expenditures. (2) The District expects its Board of Trustees to accept the 2010-11 Audited Financial Statements at the February 9, 2012 Board meeting. Source: Denair Unified School District adopted budgets for fiscal years 2008-09 through 2010-11, and Audited Financial Statements for fiscal years 2008-09 through 2010-11. 26 6,361,827 1,037,704 1,509,203 977,631 9,886,365 1,263,808 1,194,484 Table 14 below sets forth the District’s General Fund balance sheet for the last five fiscal years. Table 14 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Summary of General Fund Balance Sheet ASSETS Deposits and Investments Receivables Due from other funds Prepaid Expenses Stores inventories Total Assets LIABILITIES & FUND BALANCES Liabilities: Accounts Payable Due to other funds Deferred revenue Total Liabilities Fund Balances: Reserved for: Revolving cash Stores inventories Prepaid expenditures Legally restricted balance Unreserved: Designated Undesignated, reported in: General Fund Special revenue funds Debt service funds Capital projects funds Non-spendable Restricted Committed Assigned Unassigned (2) Total Fund Balances Total Liabilities and Fund Balances $ 1,338,460 951,760 1,037 2,500 $ 2,293,757 $ $ $ $ 850,605 27,661 151,066 1,029,332 $ $ 686,554 1,256,340 3,135 1,946,029 $ 652,464 130,298 782,762 $ $ $ Audited (1) 2010-11 Audited 2009-10 Audited 2008-09 Audited 2007-08 Audited 2006-07 415,815 2,148,598 49,128 1,500 2,615,041 $ 342,371 2,134,903 113,625 1,467 2,592,366 $ 1,108,927 59,925 207,771 1,376,623 $ 1,194,182 15,501 118,875 $ 1,328,558 $ $ $ $ 282,865 1,920,689 34,005 6,969 2,244,528 769,758 18 280,268 1,050,044 541,143 - 3,900 3,135 614,108 3,900 1,500 734,781 3,900 1,467 258,443 - 401,583 356,066 498,237 336,000 - $ 321,699 1,264,425 $ 186,058 1,163,267 $ 1,238,418 $ 663,998 1,263,808 $ 10,869 150,745 206,008 826,862 1,194,484 $ 2,293,757 $ 1,946,029 $ 2,615,041 $ 2,592,366 $ 2,244,528 (1) The District expects its Board of Trustees to accept the 2010-11 Audited Financial Statements at the February 12, 2012 Board meeting. (2) See “APPENDIX B – DISTRICT’S 2010-11 AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – NOTE 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for a discussion of changes in accounting principles. Source: Denair Unified School District Audited Financial Statements for fiscal years 2006-07 through 2010-11. Current Financial Condition The District’s financial condition is closely linked the finances of the State, which has an ongoing structural budget deficit. Future budget decisions by the State could have an adverse impact on the District’s financial condition. See “STATE OF CALIFORNIA FISCAL ISSUES.” The Legislature enacted and the Governor signed the State budget for fiscal year 2011-12 (the “201112 State Budget”) on June 30, 2011. As reflected in the District’s First Interim Report, the 2011-12 State Budget required that for the 2011-12 fiscal year, each school district budget to project the same level of 27 revenue per unit of average daily attendance (ADA) as it received in the 2010-11 fiscal year. In addition, the 2011-12 State Budget assumed $4 billion more in General Fund revenues than was forecast in the May Revision. Under the 2011-12 State Budget if December 2011 revenues were not as strong as expected, automatic spending reductions would be triggered. The “trigger” provisions are as follows: (i) if revenues for the year are estimated to be less than $1 billion below the forecast, then no changes are required; (ii) if revenues fall between $1 billion and $2 billion lower, then a series at additional cuts are triggered, including 1 $23 million across-the-board cut to child care and $30 million reduction to community colleges; and (iii) if revenues fall more than $2 billion, then the state will impose additional cuts to public education of up to $1.9 billion, including a 4% reduction to revenue limits and a $248 million cut to school transportation. The revenue limit reductions would be proportional to the amount of revenue shortfall. The District’s First Interim Report, 2012-13 included the full reduction equal to negative $293,711 as called for in the State “trigger” provisions. The “trigger” reductions have been revised as of the midyear revenue estimate by the State Department of Finance. The District estimates the current reduction at negative $14,731 plus a 50% reduction in transportation funding, or negative $25,618 for a total “trigger” reduction of negative $40,349. As a result, the District expects to add $253,362 back into its budget. The changes will be reflected in the District’s Second Interim Report for the period ending January 31, 2012. The District self “qualified” its First Interim Report, 2012-13. See “DISTRICT FINANCIAL MATTERS – District Budget.” The District’s First Interim Report, 2012-13 included the District’s projections for its General Fund for the next two fiscal years. To obtain a positive certification of its financial condition, the District is required by law to maintain a General Fund ending balance equal to 3% of its annual General Fund expenditures in the current and the next two fiscal years. The 2011-12 State Budget specified that school district’s are not required to demonstrate their ability to meet its financial obligations for the two subsequent fiscal years (2012-13 and 2013-14). The District’s First Interim Report contained a 2.33% reserve for the 2012-13 fiscal year due to the impact of the full “trigger” cut in the amount of $293,711. However, based on the State’s revisions to the “trigger” cuts, the District expects the impact of the cuts will be negative $40,349 rather than the negative $293,711 reflected in its First Interim Financial Report. As a result, the District expects a “positive” certification for its Second Interim Report. Revenue Sources The District categorizes its General Fund revenues into four sources: (1) revenue limit sources (consisting of a mix of State and local revenues); (2) federal sources; (3) other State sources; and (4) other local sources. Each of these revenue sources is described below. Revenue Limit Sources Since fiscal year 1973-74, State school districts have operated under general purpose revenue limits established by the State Legislature. In general, the base revenue limits are calculated for each school district by multiplying (1) the ADA for each such district by (2) a base revenue limit per unit of ADA. The base revenue limit calculations are adjusted annually in accordance with a number of factors designed primarily to provide cost of living increases and to equalize revenues among all State school districts of the same type. For fiscal year 2008-09, the District’s base revenue limit per unit of ADA was $6,503.40 but the State only funded $5,993.27 due to the State’s budget shortfall. For fiscal year 2009-10, the District’s base revenue limit per unit of ADA was $6,765.40, but the State only funded $5,523.61 due to the State’s budget shortfall. For fiscal year 2010-11, the District budgeted assuming a base revenue limit per unit of ADA of $6,740.40 but the State only funded $5,529.62 due to the State’s budget shortfall. For fiscal year 2011-12, the District’s base revenue limit per unit of ADA was $6,883.40 but the State only funded $5,523.65 due to the State’s budget shortfall. 28 In fiscal year 2009-10, the District received approximately $6,740,385 of revenue limit source income, representing approximately 62.32% of its General Fund revenues. For fiscal year 2010-11, the District received approximately $6,361,825 of revenue limit source income, representing approximately 64.35% of its General Fund revenues. In fiscal year 2011-12, the District is estimating approximately $6,066,180 of revenue limit source income, representing 62.95% of its General Fund revenues. Funding of the District’s revenue limit is accomplished by a mix of (1) local property taxes, and (2) State apportionments. Generally, the State’s apportionments amount to the difference between the District’s revenue limit and its local property tax revenues. Beginning in fiscal year 1978-79, Proposition 13 and its implementing legislation permitted each county to levy and collect all property taxes (except for levies to support prior voter approved indebtedness) and prescribed how levies on county-wide property values were to be shared with local taxing entities within each county. Federal Revenues The federal government provides funding for several District programs, including special education programs, programs under the Educational Consolidation and Improvement Act, and specialized programs such as Drug Free Schools. The federal revenues, all of which are restricted and must be spent by the District on specified programs, comprised approximately 13.10% of District General Fund revenues in fiscal year 2009-10 and approximately 10.49% in fiscal year 2010-11. In the District’s 2011-12 First Interim Report federal revenues are projected to equal approximately 10.88% of General Fund revenues. Other State Sources As discussed above under the caption “Revenue Limit Sources,” the District receives State apportionment of basic and equalization aid in an amount equal to the difference between the District’s revenue limit and its property tax sources. In addition to such apportionment revenue, the District receives substantial other State revenues (“Other State Revenues”). In fiscal year 2009-10 and 2020-11, respectively, Other State Revenues comprised approximately 16.69% and 16.12% of total General Fund revenues. In fiscal year 2011-12, Other State Revenues are projected to equal approximately 16.22% of total General Fund revenues. Many of the Other State Revenues are restricted to specific types of program uses such as special education, transportation, class size reduction and instructional materials. Other Local Sources In addition to property taxes, the District receives additional local sources (“Other Local Sources”) from items such as the leasing of property owned by the District and interest earnings, as well as, donations. These Other Local Sources comprised approximately 7.89 and 8.44% of the total General Fund revenues in fiscal years 2009-10 and 2010-11, respectively, and are projected to equal approximately 10.51% of the total General Fund revenues in fiscal year 2011-12. 29 DISTRICT DEBT STRUCTURE Long-Term Obligations As of June 30, 2011, the District had $24,956,429 of long-term debt outstanding. A schedule of changes in long-term debt for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2011 is set forth in Table 15 below. Table 15 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Long-Term Debt(1) General Obligation Bonds Premium on bond issue Certificates of Participation Compensated Absences-net Capital Leases Bond Anticipation Notes Early Retirement Other Postemployment Benefits Total Balance July 1, 2010 $17,889,335 157,123 3,315,000 197,917 18,836 3,071,077 50,000 56 $24,699,344 Additions $3,786,796 ----383,923 --$ 4,170,719 Deductions $175,000 9,242 165,000 65,000 18,836 3,455,000 25,000 56 $3,913,634 Balance June 30, 2011 $21,501,131 147,881 3,150,000 132,417 --25,000 -$24,956,429 Due in One Year $230,000 9,242 170,000 ---25,000 -$434,242 (1) See Note 9 to the District’s 2010 Audited Financial Statements attached as Appendix B hereto. Source: Denair Unified School District. Capital Plan The District currently has no plans to issue additional debt for future capital projects. Construction of certain facilities planned within the next three to five years will be funded from prior bond proceeds and State funds. The District maintains five funds, separate and apart from the General Fund, to account for State and local funds collected by the District for capital facilities needs, including the Charter School Fund, the Capital Facilities Fund, the Building Fund, the County School Facilities Fund and the Special Reserve Fund for the Deferred Maintenance Fund. In the Capital Facilities Fund, the primary source of monies is developer fees paid in connection with new residential and commercial development in the District. The balance in the District’s Capital Facilities Fund was $113,725 as of June 30, 2011. The Building Fund contains moneys from the sale of the District’s general obligation bonds. The balance in the Building Fund as of June 30, 2011 was $434,317. The balances remaining in the District’s County School Facilities Fund, into which monies granted by the State to the District for school facilities are deposited, was $104,804 as of June 30, 2011, the balance in the Special Reserve Fund for the Deferred Maintenance Fund was $82,842. Direct and Overlapping Debt Numerous overlapping local agencies provide public services within the District. These local agencies have outstanding debt issued in the form of general obligation, lease revenue and special tax and assessment bonds. An estimate of direct and overlapping debt of the District is shown in Table 16 below based on information available as of February 1, 2012. Tax and revenue anticipation notes, enterprise, revenue, mortgage revenue and tax allocation bonds, and non-bonded capital lease obligations are excluded from the debt statement. The information provided in Table 16 has been provided by California Municipal Statistics, Inc. The District has not independently verified the information in Table 16 and does not guarantee its accuracy. 30 Table 16 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Estimated Direct and Overlapping Bonded Debt as of February 1, 2012 2011-12 Assessed Valuation: Redevelopment Incremental Valuation: Adjusted Assessed Valuation: $785,672,259 16,768,322 $768,903,937 % Applicable DIRECT AND OVERLAPPING TAX AND ASSESSMENT DEBT: Yosemite Community College District 1.719% Denair Unified School District 100. TOTAL DIRECT AND OVERLAPPING TAX AND ASSESSMENT DEBT DIRECT AND OVERLAPPING GENERAL FUND DEBT: Stanislaus County Certificates of Participation Stanislaus County Pension Obligations Stanislaus County Office of Education Certificates of Participation Denair Unified School District Certificates of Participation TOTAL DIRECT AND OVERLAPPING GENERAL FUND DEBT COMBINED TOTAL DEBT 2.451% 2.451 2.451 100. Debt 2/1/12 $ 5,262,824 18,268,073 (1) $23,530,897 $1,763,985 522,308 103,800 2,980,000 $5,370,093 $28,900,990 (2) Ratios to 2011-12 Assessed Valuation: Direct Debt ($18,268,073) ............................................................ 2.33% Total Direct and Overlapping Tax and Assessment Debt ............... 3.00% Ratios to Adjusted Assessed Valuation: Combined Direct Debt ($21,248,073) ......................................... 2.76% Combined Total Debt...................................................................... 3.76% STATE SCHOOL BUILDING AID REPAYABLE AS OF 6/30/11: $0 (1) Excludes issue to be sold. (2) Excludes tax and revenue anticipation notes, enterprise revenue, mortgage revenue and tax allocation bonds and non-bonded capital lease obligations. Source: California Municipal Statistics, Inc. 31 STATE CONSTITUTIONAL AND STATUTORY PROVISIONS AFFECTING DISTRICT REVENUES AND APPROPRIATIONS The Bonds are payable from the proceeds of an ad valorem tax required to be levied by the County in an amount sufficient for the payment thereof. See “SECURITY FOR THE BONDS” herein. Articles XIIIA, XIIIB, XIIIC and XIIID of the Constitution, Propositions 39, 46, 49, 98, 111, and 1A, and certain other provisions of law discussed below, are discussed in this section to describe the potential effect of these Constitutional and statutory measures on the ability of the District to levy taxes and spend tax proceeds for operating and other purposes, and it should not be inferred from the inclusion of such materials that these laws impose any limitation on the ability of the District to levy ad valorem taxes for payment of the Bonds. The tax levied by the County for payment of the Bonds was approved by the District’s voters in compliance with Article XIIIA, Article XIIIC, and all applicable laws. Article XIIIA On June 6, 1978, California voters approved an amendment (commonly known as both Proposition 13 and the Jarvis-Gann Initiative) to the California Constitution. This amendment, which added Article XIIIA to the California Constitution, among other things affects the valuation of real property for the purpose of taxation in that it defines the full cash property value to mean “the county assessor’s valuation of real property as shown on the 1975/76 tax bill under “full cash value,” or thereafter, the appraised value of real property newly constructed, or when a change in ownership has occurred after the 1975 assessment.” The full cash value may be adjusted annually to reflect inflation at a rate not to exceed 2% per year, or a reduction in the consumer price index or comparable local data at a rate not to exceed 2% per year, or reduced in the event of declining property value caused by damage, destruction or other factors including a general economic downturn. The amendment further limits the amount of any ad valorem tax on real property to 1% of the full cash value except that additional taxes may be levied to pay debt service on indebtedness approved by the voters prior to July 1, 1978, and bonded indebtedness for the acquisition or improvement of real property approved on or after July 1, 1978 by two-thirds of the votes cast by the voters voting on the proposition. Legislation enacted by the California Legislature to implement Article XIIIA provides that all taxable property is shown at full assessed value as described above. In conformity with this procedure, all taxable property value included in this Official Statement (except as noted) is shown at 100% of assessed value and all general tax rates reflect the $1 per $100 of taxable value. Tax rates for voter approved bonded indebtedness and pension liability are also applied to 100% of assessed value. Future assessed valuation growth allowed under Article XIIIA (new construction, change of ownership, 2% annual value growth) will be allocated on the basis of “situs” among the jurisdictions that serve the tax rate area within which the growth occurs. Local agencies and school districts will share the growth of “base” revenue from the tax rate area. Each year’s growth allocation becomes part of each agency’s allocation the following year. The County is unable to predict the nature or magnitude of future revenue sources that may be provided by the State to replace lost property tax revenues. Article XIIIA effectively prohibits the levying of any other ad valorem property tax above the 1% limit except for taxes to support indebtedness approved by the voters as described above. Article XIIIB On November 6, 1979, California voters approved Proposition 4, the so-called Gann Initiative, which added Article XIIIB to the California Constitution. In June 1990, Article XIIIB was amended by the voters through their approval of Proposition 111. Article XIIIB of the California Constitution limits the annual appropriations of the State and any city, county, school district, authority or other political subdivision of the state to the level of appropriations for the prior fiscal year, as adjusted annually for changes in the cost of 32 living, population and services rendered by the governmental entity. The “base year” for establishing such appropriation limit is the 1978-79 fiscal year. Increases in appropriations by a governmental entity are also permitted (a) if financial responsibility for providing services is transferred to the governmental entity, or (b) for emergencies so long as the appropriations limits for the three years following the emergency are reduced to prevent any aggregate increase above the Constitutional limit. Decreases are required where responsibility for providing services is transferred from the government entity. Appropriations subject to Article XIIIB include generally any authorization to expend during the fiscal year the proceeds of taxes levied by the State or other entity of local government, exclusive of certain State subventions, refunds of taxes, benefit payments from retirement, unemployment insurance and disability insurance funds. Appropriations subject to limitation pursuant to Article XIIIB do not include debt service on indebtedness existing or legally authorized as of January 1, 1979 on bonded indebtedness thereafter approved according to law by a vote of the electors of the issuing entity voting in an election for such purpose, appropriations required to comply with mandates of courts or the Federal government, appropriations for qualified outlay projects, and appropriations by the State of revenues derived from any increase in gasoline taxes and motor vehicle weight fees above January 1, 1990 levels. “Proceeds of taxes” include, but are not limited to, all tax revenues and the proceeds to any entity of government from (a) regulatory licenses, user charges, and user fees to the extent such proceeds exceed the cost of providing the service or regulation, (b) the investment of tax revenues and (c) certain State subventions received by local governments. Article XIIIB includes a requirement that if an entity’s revenues in any year exceed the amount permitted to be spent, the excess would have to be returned by revising tax rates or fee schedules over the subsequent two fiscal years. As amended in June 1990, the appropriations limit for local governments in each year is based on the limit for the prior year, adjusted annually for changes in the costs of living and changes in population, and adjusted, where applicable, for transfer of financial responsibility of providing services to or from another unit of government. The change in the cost of living is, at the local government’s option, either (i) the percentage change in California per capita personal income, or (ii) the percentage change in the local assessment roll for the jurisdiction due to the addition of nonresidential new construction. The measurement of change in population is a blended average of statewide overall population growth, and change in attendance at local school and community college (“K-14”) districts. As amended by Proposition 111, the appropriations limit is tested over consecutive two-year periods. Any excess of the aggregate “proceeds of taxes” received by the District over such two-year period above the combined appropriations limits for those two years is to be returned to taxpayers by reductions in tax rates or fee schedules over the subsequent two years. Any proceeds of taxes received by the District in excess of the appropriations limit are absorbed into the State’s allowable limit. The District does not currently have and does not anticipate having “proceeds of taxes” in excess of its appropriations limit. Article XIIIB permits any government entity to change the appropriations limit by vote of the electorate in conformity with statutory and Constitutional voting requirements, but any such voter-approved change can only be effective for a maximum of four years. Pursuant to statute, if a school district receives any proceeds of taxes in excess of its appropriations limit, it may, by resolution of the governing board, increase its appropriations limit to equal the amount received, provided that the State has sufficient excess appropriations limit in that fiscal year. Articles XIIIC and XIIID On November 5, 1996, California voters approved Proposition 218 the so-called “Right to Vote on Taxes Act.” Proposition 218 added Articles XIIIC and XIIID to the California Constitution, which contain a number of provisions affecting the ability of local agencies, including school districts, to levy and collect both existing and future taxes, assessments, fees and changes. 33 Article XIIID deals with assessments and property related fees and charges. Article XIIID explicitly provides that nothing in Article XIIIC or XIIID shall be construed to affect existing laws relating to the imposition of fees or charges as a condition of property development; however it is not clear whether the initiative power is therefore unavailable to repeal or reduce developer and mitigation fees imposed by the District. Developer fees imposed by the District are neither pledged nor available to pay the Bonds. Propositions 98 and 111 On November 8, 1988, California voters approved Proposition 98, a combined initiative, constitutional amendment and statute called the “Classroom Instructional Improvement and Accountability Act” (“Proposition 98”). Proposition 98 changed State funding of public education below the university level and the operation of the State’s appropriations limit, primarily by guaranteeing K-14 schools a minimum share of State General Fund revenues. Under Proposition 98 (as modified by Proposition 111, which was enacted on June 5, 1990), K-14 schools are guaranteed the greater of (a) 40.9% of State General Fund revenues (the “first test”), or (b) the amount appropriated to K-14 schools in the prior year, adjusted for changes in the cost-ofliving (measured as in Article XIIIB by reference to per capita personal income) and enrollment (the “second test”), or (c) a “third test” which would replace the second test in any year when the percentage growth in per capita State General Fund revenues from the prior year plus 1/2 of 1% is less than the percentage growth in California per capita personal income. Under the third test, schools would receive the amount appropriated in the prior year adjusted for changes in enrollment and per capita State General Fund revenues, plus an additional small adjustment factor. If the third test is used in any year, the difference between the third test and the second test would become a “credit” to schools which would be paid in future years when State General Fund revenue growth exceeds personal income growth. Proposition 98 permits the Legislature by two-thirds vote of both houses, with the Governor’s concurrence, to suspend the K-14 schools’ minimum funding formula for a one-year period, and any corresponding reduction in funding for that year will not be paid in subsequent years. However, in determining the funding level for the succeeding year, the formula base for the prior year will be reinstated as if such suspension had not taken place. In certain fiscal years, the State Legislature and the Governor have utilized this provision to avoid having the full Proposition 98 funding paid to support K-14 schools. Proposition 98 also changes how tax revenues in excess of the State Appropriations Limit are distributed. “Excess” tax revenues are determined based on a two-year cycle, so that the State could avoid having to return to taxpayers excess tax revenues in one year if its appropriations in the next fiscal year were under its limit. After any two-year period, if there are excess State tax revenues, 50% of the excess would be transferred to K-14 schools with the balance returned to taxpayers. Further, any excess State tax revenues transferred to K-14 schools are not built into the school districts’ base expenditures for calculating their entitlement for State aid in the next year, and the State’s appropriations limit will not be increased by this amount. Since Proposition 98 is unclear in some details, there can be no assurance that the Legislature or a court might not interpret Proposition 98 to require a different percentage of State General Fund revenues to be allocated to K-14 districts, or to apply the relevant percentage to the State’s budgets in a different way than is proposed in the Governor’s Budget. In any event, some fiscal observers expect Proposition 98 to place increasing pressure on the State’s budget over future years, potentially reducing resources available for other State programs, especially to the extent the Article XIIIB spending limit would restrain the State ability to fund such other programs by raising taxes. The application of Proposition 98 and other statutory regulations has become increasingly difficult to predict accurately in recent years. One major reason is that Proposition 98 minimums under the first test and the second test described above are dependent on State General Fund revenues. In several recent fiscal years, the State made actual allocations to K-14 districts based on an assumption of State General Fund revenues at a level above that which was ultimately realized. In such years, the State has considered the amounts 34 appropriated above the minimum as a loan to K-14 districts, and has deducted the value of these loans from future years’ estimated Proposition 98 minimums. Proposition 39 On November 7, 2003, California voters approved Proposition 39, called the “Smaller Classes, Safer Schools and Financial Accountability Act” (the “Smaller Classes Act”) which amends Section 1 of Article XIIIA, Section 18 of Article XVI of the California Constitution and Section 47614 of the California Education Code and allows an alternative means of seeking voter approval for bonded indebtedness by 55 percent of the vote, rather than the two-thirds majority required under Section 18 of Article XVI of the Constitution. The 55 percent voter requirement applies only if the bond measure submitted to the voters includes, among other items: (1) a restriction that the proceeds of the bonds may be used for “the construction, reconstruction, rehabilitation, or replacement of school facilities, including the furnishing and equipping of school facilities, or the acquisition or lease of real property for school facilities,” (2) a list of projects to be funded and a certification that the school district board has evaluated “safety, class size reduction, and information technology needs in developing that list” and (3) that annual, independent performance and financial audits will be conducted regarding the expenditure and use of the bond proceeds. Section 1(b)(3) of Article XIIIA has been added to exempt from the one percent ad valorem tax limitation under Section 1(a) of Article XIIIA of the Constitution levies to pay bonds approved by the 55 percent of the voters, subject to the restrictions explained above. The Legislature enacted AB 1908, Chapter 44, which became effective upon passage of Proposition 39 and amends various sections of the Education Code. Under amendments to Section 15268 and 15270 of the Education Code, the following limits on ad valorem taxes apply in any single election: (1) for a school district, indebtedness shall not exceed $30 per $100,000 of taxable property, (2) for a unified school district, indebtedness shall not exceed $60 per $100,000 of taxable property, and (3) for a community college district, indebtedness shall not exceed $25 per $100,000 of taxable property. Finally, AB 1908 requires that a citizens’ oversight committee must be appointed to review the use of the bond funds and inform the public about their proper usage. Jarvis v. Connell On May 29, 2002, the California Court of Appeal for the Second District decided the case of Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association, et al. v. Kathleen Connell (as Controller of the State of California). The Court of Appeal held that either a final budget bill, an emergency appropriation, a self-executing authorization pursuant to state statutes (such as continuing appropriations) or the California Constitution or a federal mandate is necessary for the State Controller to disburse funds. The foregoing requirement could apply to amounts budgeted by the District as being received from the State. To the extent the holding in such case would apply to State payments reflected in the District’s budget, the requirement that there be either a final budget bill or an emergency appropriation may result in the delay of such payments to the District if such required legislative action is delayed, unless the payments are self-executing authorizations or are subject to a federal mandate. On May 1, 2003, the California Supreme Court upheld the holding of the Court of Appeal, stating that the Controller is not authorized under State law to disburse funds prior to the enactment of a budget or other proper appropriation, but under federal law, the Controller is required, notwithstanding a budget impasse and the limitations imposed by State law, to timely pay those State employees who are subject to the minimum wage and overtime compensation provisions of the federal Fair Labor Standards Act. Proposition 1A On November 2, 2004, California voters approved Proposition 1A, which amended the State Constitution to reduce significantly the State’s authority over major local government revenue sources. Under Proposition 1A, the State may not (i) reduce local sales tax rates or alter the method of allocating the revenue 35 generated by such taxes, (ii) shift property taxes from local governments to schools or community colleges, (iii) change in how property tax revenues are shared among local governments without two-third approval of both houses of the State Legislature, or (iv) decrease Vehicle License Fees revenues without providing local governments with equal replacement funding. Beginning in 2008-09, the State may shift to schools and community colleges a limited amount of local government property tax revenue if certain conditions are met, including (a) a proclamation by the Governor that the shift is needed due to a severe financial hardship of the State, and (b) approval of the shift by the State Legislature with a two-thirds vote of both houses. Under such a shift, the State must repay local governments for their property tax losses, with interest, within three years. Proposition 1A does allow the State to approve voluntary exchanges of local sales tax and property tax revenues among local governments with in a county. Proposition 1A also amends the State Constitution to require the State to suspend certain State laws creating mandates in any year that the State does not fully reimburse local governments for their costs to comply with the mandates. This provision does not apply to mandates relating to schools of community colleges or to those mandates relating to employee rights. Future Initiatives Article XIIIA, Article XIIIB, Article XIIIC, Article XIIID, and Propositions 39, 98, 111 and 1A were each adopted as measures that qualified for the ballot pursuant to California’s initiative process. From time to time other initiative measures could be adopted, further affecting school districts’ revenues or such districts’ ability to expend revenues. There can be no assurance that the California electorate will not at some future time adopt other initiatives or that the Legislature will not enact legislation that will amend the laws or the Constitution of the State of California resulting in a reduction of amounts legally available to the District. STATE OF CALIFORNIA FISCAL ISSUES General Overview The following information concerning the State’s budget has been extracted and summarized from publicly available documents and information which the District believes to be reliable, including information provided by the Governor’s Office in the Governor’s Proposed Budget for Fiscal Year 2012-13, the Governor’s Budget Summary 2012-13 and by the Legislative Analyst’s Office (the “LAO”) regarding the State’s budget and fiscal outlook for the next several years. The District does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of, and has not independently verified, such information. As it is true for all school districts in the State, the District’s operating income consists primarily of three components: a State portion funded from the State’s general fund, a local portion derived from the District’s share of the 1% county-wide ad valorem property tax authorized by the California Constitution, and any special “categorical” funding allocated by the State to qualified District programs. The District estimates that during fiscal year 2011-12 it will receive approximately $11,199,972, or 39.81% of its general fund revenues, from State funds. As a result, decreases or deferrals in State revenues, or in State legislative appropriations for education funding, do significantly impact District operations. As a result of State budget shortfalls in recent years, the District has received significantly less revenue from the State and has had to reduce expenditures. See “DISTRICT FINANCIAL MATTERS – Current Financial Condition” herein. Adoption of Annual State Budget. Pursuant to the State Constitution, the Governor must propose a budget to the State Legislature no later than January 10 of each year. On November 2, 2010, the State voters approved an initiative known as “Proposition 25,” providing that a final budget must be adopted by no later than June 15 of each year by a majority vote of each house of the Legislature. Any tax increase provision in the final budget requires approval by 2/3 of each house of the State Legislature. The State budget act becomes 36 law upon signature by the Governor, who may veto specific line items. School district budgets must generally be adopted by July 1 and revised by the school district’s board within 45 days after the Governor signs the State budget. State Education Funding Obligation. The guaranteed education funding under Proposition 98 is based on prior-year funding adjusted through various formulas and tests that take into account State proceeds of State taxes, local property tax revenues, school enrollment, per-capita personal income and other factors. See “STATE CONSTITUTIONAL AND STATUTORY PROVISIONS AFFECTING DISTRICT REVENUES AND APPROPRIATIONS – Propositions 98 and 111” for a description of the adoption and purpose of Proposition 98. The State’s share of the guaranteed amount is based on State general fund tax revenues and is not based on the general fund total. The local share of the guaranteed amount is funded from local property tax revenue. The total guaranteed amount varies from year to year and also varies at each stage of the State budget adoption process. If at year-end the guaranteed amount is calculated to be higher than the amount actually appropriated during the year, the difference becomes an additional funding obligation of the State referred to as the “settle-up.” If the amount appropriated is higher than the guaranteed amount in any given year, the higher funding level permanently increases the guaranteed amount for future years. However, the Proposition 98 guarantee amount is reduced in years when general fund revenue growth lags personal income growth, and may be suspended for one year at a time by enactment of an urgency statute. In either case, the funding level must be restored to the guaranteed amount (such obligation is known as the “maintenance factor”) in subsequent years when the State general fund revenues grow faster than personal income (or at such earlier time as determined by the State Legislature). Current Financial Stress on State Budget. Since early 2008, the State has been experiencing the most significant economic downturn and financial pressure since the Great Depression of the 1930s. As a result of continuing weakness in the State economy, State tax revenues have declined precipitously, resulting in large budget gaps and cash shortfalls. In response, the State implemented substantial spending reductions, program eliminations, revenue increases, and other solutions in order to close an estimated $60 billion budget gap over the combined 2008-09 and 2009-10 fiscal years. On October 8, 2010, the State adopted a budget for fiscal year 2010-11 (the “2010-11 State Budget”) to close an estimated budget gap of $17.9 billion for the current fiscal year. Many of the 2010-11 State Budget assumptions did not materialize and in adopting the fiscal year 2011-12 State Budget, the State took steps to close a budget gap of $8.2 billion in fiscal year 201011 and an additional $17.2 billion in fiscal year 2011-12. The State’s budget for fiscal year 2011-12 was enacted on June 30, 2011. See “STATE OF CALIFORNIA FISCAL ISSUES—2011-12 State Budget.” There can be no assurances that the fiscal stress and cash pressures currently facing the State will not continue or become more difficult, or that continuing declines in State tax receipts or other impacts of the current economic recession will not further materially adversely affect the financial condition of the State. The Department of Finance has projected that multi-billion dollar budget gaps will occur annually for several years in the future. Enacted Budget Trailer Bills. On March 24, 2011, the Governor signed into law several budget trailer bills, even though the fiscal year 2011-12 State budget had yet to be finalized. One bill signed into law, Senate Bill No. 70 (Chapter 7, Statutes of 2011), provides certain statutory changes in the area of education in order to enact modifications to the fiscal year 2010-11 State budget and fiscal year 2011-12 State budget. Among other things Senate Bill No. 70: Provides a revenue limit deficit factor of 19.892% for fiscal years 2011-12 and 2012-13 to reflect a $106.6 million deficit for county offices of education (“COEs”). Provides a revenue limit deficit factor of 19.608% for fiscal year 2011-12 to reflect a deficit of $7.7 billion for school districts. Defers an additional $2.1 billion in K-12 funds from fiscal year 2011-12 to fiscal year 2012-13. Specifically, Senate Bill No. 70 shifts $1.3 billion in March 2012 payments and $763 million in 37 April 2012 payments to August 2012. This schedule is shorter than the 13 month deferral proposed in the 2011-12 Proposed State Budget. Extends various K-14 fiscal relief options known as flexibility options to school districts for an additional two fiscal years. For school districts, this includes the extension of categorical flexibility from 2012-12 through 2014-15 by reducing restrictions on funding associated with certain categorical programs, existing K-3 Class Size Reduction Program from 2011-12 through 2013-14, and two additional years for existing statutory provisions that reduce instructional materials purchase and adoption requirements, routine and deferred maintenance requirements, surplus property, class size reduction, instructional minutes and local budget reserve requirements. Extends until fiscal year 2014-15, authorization for new schools, the majority of which are charter schools, to access flexible categorical program funding on par with existing schools. Appropriates $5 million from the State General Fund to augment the Charter School Revolving Loan Fund, which makes low-interest, start-up loans to new charter schools in order to meet the purposes of their charters. Establishes a zero percent cost-of-living adjustment (“COLA”) for K-12 programs in fiscal year 2010-11. Though the actual COLA of 1.67% is not provided, it is applied to the deficit factors established in the bill. Provides $2.3 million in federal funds ($1.5 million in Title VI and $781,000 in Title II) for fiscal year 2010-11 for the California Longitudinal Pupil Achievement Data System (“CALPADS”). Applies an 8.9% reduction to categorical programs for basic aid districts in fiscal year 2010-11 and fiscal year 2011-12 commensurate to the revenue limit reduction rate for other school districts in fiscal year 2010-11 and fiscal year 2011-12. Specifies the intent to restore these reductions at the same time, and in direct proportion to restoration of revenue limit reductions. Authorizes a statutory appropriation for the K-3 Class Size Reduction program for fiscal year 2011-12. The statute authorizes the Superintendent of Public Instruction to certify the funding needed for the program in fiscal year 2011-12 to ensure full funding for the program. Reduces ongoing Proposition 98 funding for special education by about $13.1 million in fiscal year 2011-12 and backfills with one-time Proposition 98 savings from various programs to cover fiscal year 2010-11 program adjustments. Suspends the statutory division of Proposition 98 funding among K-12 educational agencies, community colleges, and other state agencies, and instead conforms the division of funding based upon actual budget appropriations in fiscal year 2011-12. Requires the state to adjust the Proposition 98 calculation so that any shift in local property taxes previously received by redevelopment agencies has no effect on the Proposition 98 minimum guarantee in fiscal year 2011-12. 2011-12 State Budget The 2011-12 State Budget Act for the State (the “2011-12 State Budget”) was signed into law by the Governor on June 30, 2011, and, thereafter, the State’s Department of Finance released a summary of the 2011-12 State Budget (the “Department of Finance Report”). The following information is drawn from the Department of Finance Report. The 2011-12 State Budget reports that the State economy has continued to improve. As a result, the 2011-12 State Budget projects an additional $4 billion in revenues during fiscal year 2011-12. Although the 2011-12 State Budget does not include any of the Governor’s proposed tax extensions, the administration 38 states that it plans to seek voter approval of a ballot measure, by November of 2012, which would protect public safety realignment and supplement the State’s revenues. With the implementation of all measures, the 2011-12 State Budget assumes, the State ended fiscal year 2010-11 with revenues of $94.8 billion and expenditures of $91.5 billion. The 2011-12 State Budget also assumes the State ended fiscal year 2010-11 with a budget deficit of $2 billion. For fiscal year 2011-12, the 2011-12 State Budget projects total revenues of $88.5 billion and authorizes total expenditures of $85.9 billion. The 2011-12 State Budget projects that the State will end fiscal year 2011-12 with a $543 million surplus. The 2011-12 State Budget also includes a series of “trigger” reductions that are authorized to be implemented in the event the State’s revenues are less than forecasted. The first series of reductions, totaling approximately $600 million, would be implemented if, by January 2012, State revenues fall short of projections by more than $1 billion. If by January 2012 revenues are projected to fall short by more than $2 billion, a second series of reductions in education spending, totaling approximately $1.9 billion, would be implemented of which $1.8 billion relate to K-12 revenue limit funding and the home-to-school transportation program. As part of the second series of “trigger” reductions, the 2011-12 State Budget authorizes a reduction of $1.5 billion to school district revenue limit funding, and a corresponding reduction to the State-mandated length of the school year by seven days. In the event this reduction is implemented, school districts would be permitted to collectively bargain for a shorter school year or accommodate the revenue limit reduction through other means. Although the 2011-12 State Budget recognizes that school funding has been disproportionally reduced since 2007-08, and despite efforts to maintain Proposition 98 programmatic funding at substantially the same level as 2010-11, the total Proposition 98 funding is decreased to $48.7 billion in 2011-12 from approximately $49.7 billion in 2010-11, which reflects a decrease of approximately $1.1 billion. This decrease is a net figure reflective of all budgetary actions taken with respect to the State’s share of Proposition 98 funding, including increases in baseline revenues, redirection of certain sales tax revenues related to the realignment of public safety programs, and the rebenching of the Proposition 98 minimum funding guarantee (discussed below). The 2011-12 State Budget rebenches the Proposition 98 minimum funding guarantee to account for the following: (i) an increase of $221.8 million, as part of the realignment of public programs from the State to local governments, to fund the delivery of certain mental health services by school districts, (ii) an increase of $578.1 million to backfill general fund revenues lost from the suspension of sales and excise taxes on motor vehicle fuels, and (iii) a decrease of $1.1 billion to reflect the exclusion of most child care programs from Proposition 98. The minimum funding guarantee is also rebenched to account for a $1.7 billion decrease in State general fund revenues as a result of ABx1 27, a companion bill to the 2011-12 State Budget, which authorizes redevelopment agencies to continue operations provided their establishing cities or counties agree to make a specified payment to school districts and county offices of education which total $1.7 billion statewide. Pursuant to ABx1 26 (another companion bill to the 2011-12 State Budget), redevelopment agencies whose establishing cities or counties elect not to make such payments will be required to shut down, and any net tax increment revenues, after payment of redevelopment bonds debt service and administrative costs, will be distributed to cities, counties, special districts and school districts. The 2011-12 State Budget also makes a significant, one-time modification to State budgeting requirements applicable to school districts under AB 1200. See “DISTRICT FINANCIAL MATTERS — School District Budgets.” The 2011-12 State Budget also implements other significant measures with respect to K-12 education funding, as follows: 39 Apportionment Deferral. An additional deferral of $1.2 billion in education spending in order to maintain programmatic funding at the fiscal year 2010-11 level. Part-Day Preschool. A decrease of $62.3 million to reflect a reduction of income eligibility levels to 70% of the State Median Income, and across-the-board reductions to provider contracts. Charter Schools. $11 million in supplemental categorical funding to charter schools that begin operations between 2008-09 and 2011-12. Clean Technology and Renewable Energy Training. $3.2 million of increased funding for clean technology and renewable energy job training, career technical education and the Dropout Prevention Program, each of which is designed to provide at-risk high school students with occupational training in areas such as conservation, renewable energy and pollution reduction. Child Care and Development. A decrease of $180.4 million to child care and development programs, including reductions to license-exempt provider rates, reductions of income eligibility levels to 70% of the State Median Income, and across-the-board reductions to provider contracts. CALTIDES. A decrease of $2.1 million to reflect elimination of funding for the California Longitudinal Teacher Integrated Data System (“CALTIDES”). Although the CALTIDES program was intended to provide a central State information depository regarding the teaching workforce, the 2011-12 State Budget indicates the program is not a critical need. Office of the Secretary of Education. The 2011-12 State Budget projects a budget savings of $1.6 million through the elimination of the Office of the Secretary of Education. The complete 2011-12 State Budget is available from Department of Finance at www.dof.ca.gov/budget/. An impartial analysis and additional information regarding the 2011-12 State Budget may be obtained from the LAO at www.lao.ca.gov. None of the information on these websites is incorporated by reference herein. Future Budgets and Budgetary Actions. The District cannot predict what actions will be taken in the future by the State Legislature and the Governor to address the current State budget deficit, changing State revenues and expenditures or the impact such actions will have on State revenues available in the current or future years for education. The State budget will be affected by national and State economic conditions and other factors over which the District will have no control. Certain actions could result in a significant shortfall of revenue and cash, and could impair the State’s ability to fund schools. Continued State budget shortfalls in future fiscal years could have an adverse financial impact on the State General Fund budget. Prohibition on Diverting Local Revenues for State Purposes. Beginning in 1992-93, the State satisfied a portion of its Proposition 98 obligations by shifting a part of the property tax revenues otherwise belonging to cities, counties and special districts, and redevelopment agencies, to school and college districts through a local Educational Revenue Augmentation Fund (“ERAF”) in each county. Local agencies strongly objected to the co-option of their revenues by the State and sponsored a statewide ballot initiative intended to eliminate that practice. In response, the Legislature proposed an amendment to the State Constitution, known as Proposition 1A, which the State’s voters approved at the November 2004 election. Proposition 1A was generally superseded by the passage of a constitutional amendment known as “Proposition 22” at the November 2010 election. 2012-13 Proposed State Budget The 2012-13 Governor’s Proposed State Budget (the “Proposed State Budget”) was released on January 5, 2011, in advance of the January 10 deadline, and the Legislative Analyst’s Office (“LAO”) released its report on the Proposed State Budget on January 11, 2012 (the “LAO Report”). The information below is summarized from the Proposed State Budget and the LAO Report. 40 The LAO Report indicates that, in 2011, the State Legislature and the Governor took significant steps to begin to restore the State budget to balance but the Proposed State Budget shows that the State Legislature still faces a very difficult task this year. The Governor’s plan envisions multiyear tax increases and significant reductions in social services and subsidized child care programs. As an alternative, if his tax plan is rejected he proposes much larger cuts, aimed largely at schools. The LAO Report concludes that, if the State Legislature chooses either of the Governor’s two proposed paths, the State budget would move much closer to balance over the next several years. The Proposed State Budget recognizes that education funding has been disproportionally impacted over the last few years and provides Proposition 98 funding of $52.5 billion for 2012‑ 13, an increase of $4.9 billion compared to 2011-12 State Budget. However, the LAO Report indicates that the cornerstone of the Proposed State Budget is the assumption that voters will approve a temporary increase in income and sales taxes through an initiative that the Governor has proposed for the November 2012 ballot. The LAO Report indicates that the initiative would increase state revenues by $6.9 billion by the end of 2012-13, and generate billions of dollars per year, until it expires at the end of 2016, that would be used to pay for the State’s Proposition 98 school funding obligations, as increased by the initiative, and to help balance the budget by paying for other State programs. Trigger Cuts in the Proposed State Budget. The Proposed State Budget requests that the Legislature approve $5.4 billion of “trigger cuts” to take effect on January 1, 2013, if voters do not approve the Governor’s tax initiative. Proposition 98 funding for schools and community colleges would bear the brunt of these trigger cuts: $4.8 billion (90 percent) of the total. A reduction of this magnitude would result in a funding decrease equivalent to more than the cost of three weeks of instruction. It will also mean that up to 20% of funding would be paid by the State in arrears. Proposed Rebenching of Proposition 98 Guarantee. The Proposed State Budget includes a series of adjustments or “rebenchings” of the Proposition 98 guarantee. The most significant adjustment relates to the elimination of the sales tax on gasoline from the State’s General Fund in 2010-11. These adjustments provide $373.2 million of State General Fund savings by excluding the moneys from the Proposition 98 guarantee. The Proposed State Budget also includes a Proposition 98 General Fund reduction of $171.2 million to special education and community college apportionments in the current year to offset increased property taxes resulting from the elimination of redevelopment agencies (RDAs). The Proposed State Budget also implements other significant measures with respect to K-12 education funding, as follows: Reduce Child Care Costs. A decrease of $69.9 million to State Department of Education (SDE) child care programs. Special Education Property Tax Adjustment. A decrease of $24.3 million for special education programs in 2011-12 to reflect increased property tax revenues from RDAs. K-12 Deferrals. An increase of $2.2 billion to reduce inter-year budgetary deferrals. Transitional Kindergarten. A decrease of $223.7 million to reflect the elimination of the requirement that schools provide transitional kindergarten instruction. Charter Schools. An increase of $50.3 million for charter school categorical programs due to charter school growth. Special Education. An increase of $12.3 million for Special Education ADA growth. Costs of Living Adjustment Increases. The Budget does not provide a cost-of-living adjustment (COLA) for any K-14 program in 2012-13. The projected 2012-13 COLA is 3.17%, which 41 would have provided a $1.8 billion increase. A deficit factor will be established to reflect the lack of a COLA. Proposed Revenue Limit Adjustments include: Local Property Tax Adjustments. An increase of $627 million for school district and county office of education revenue limits in 2012-13 as a result of reduced offsetting local property tax revenues. Redevelopment Agency Elimination. An increase of $1.1 billion in offsetting local property taxes for 2012-13 due to the elimination of redevelopment agencies. Average Daily Attendance. An increase of $158 million in 2012-13 for school district and county office of education revenue limits as a result of projected growth in ADA for 2012-13. Litigation Challenging Method of School Financing In Robles-Wong, et al. v. State of California (Alameda County Superior Court, Case No. RG-10515768), filed in May, 2010, plaintiffs challenge the State’s “education finance system” as unconstitutional. Plaintiffs, consisting of 62 minor school children, various school districts, the California Association of School Administrators and the California School Boards Association, allege the State has not adequately fulfilled its constitutional obligation to support its public schools, and seek an order enjoining the state from continuing to operate and rely on the current financing system and to develop a new education system that meets constitutional standards as declared by the court. The State filed a demurrer seeking to dismiss the plaintiff’s class complaints. The plaintiffs filed an answer urging the court to deny the State’s request. The court sustained the State’s demurrer but allowed plaintiffs leave to file an amended complaint prior to August 25, 2011. On November 3, 2011, the court dismissed the case because the plaintiffs failed to file an amended complaint on or prior to the court deadline. TAX MATTERS Tax Exemption In the opinion of GCR, LLP, San Diego, California (“Bond Counsel”), based upon an analysis of existing statutes, regulations, rulings and court decisions and assuming, among other things, the accuracy of certain representations and compliance with certain covenants, interest on the Bonds is excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes under Section 103 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). In the further opinion of Bond Counsel, interest on the Bonds is not a specific preference item for purposes of the alternative minimum tax imposed on individuals and corporations; however Bond Counsel observes that such interest is taken into account in determining adjusted current earnings for the purpose of computing the alternative minimum tax imposed on certain corporations. In the opinion of Bond Counsel, interest on the Bonds is exempt from State of California personal income taxes. Bond Counsel expresses no opinion regarding any other tax consequences related to the ownership or disposition of, or the accrual or receipt of interest on, the Bonds. The Code imposes various restrictions, conditions and requirements relating to the exclusion from gross income for federal income tax purposes of interest on obligations such as the Bonds. The District has covenanted to comply with certain restrictions designed to assure that interest on the Bonds will not be includable in federal gross income. Failure to comply with these covenants may result in interest on the Bonds being includable in federal gross income, possibly from the date of issuance of the Bonds. The opinion of Bond Counsel assumes compliance with these covenants. Bond Counsel has not undertaken to determine (or to inform any person) whether any actions taken (or not taken) or events occurring (or not occurring) after the date of issuance of the Bonds may affect the value of, or the tax status of, interest on the Bonds. Although Bond Counsel expects to render an opinion that interest on the Bonds is excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes and exempt from State of California personal income taxes, the ownership 42 or disposition of, or the accrual or receipt of interest on, the Bonds may otherwise affect a Beneficial Owner’s federal or state tax liability. The nature and extent of these other tax consequences will depend upon the particular tax status of the Beneficial Owner or the Beneficial Owner’s other items of income or deduction. Bond Counsel expresses no opinion regarding any such other tax consequences. In addition, no assurance can be given that any future legislation, including amendments to the Code, if enacted into law, or changes in interpretation of the Code, will not cause interest on the Bonds to be subject, directly or indirectly, to federal or state income taxation, or otherwise prevent beneficial owners of the Bonds from realizing the full current benefit of the tax status of such interest. Prospective purchasers of the Bonds should consult their own tax advisers regarding any pending or proposed federal or state tax legislation. Further, no assurance can be given that the introduction or enactment of any such future legislation, or any action of the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), including but not limited to regulation, ruling, or selection of the Bonds for audit examination, or the course or result of any IRS examination of the Bonds, or obligations that present similar tax issues, will not affect the market price or liquidity of the Bonds. Original Issue Discount and Original Issue Premium To the extent the issue price of any maturity of the Bonds is less than the amount to be paid at the maturity of such Bonds (excluding amounts stated to be interest and payable at least annually over the term of such Bonds), the difference constitutes “original issue discount.” The accrual of original issue discount, to the extent properly allocable to a Beneficial Owner, is treated as interest on the Bonds that is excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes and exempt from State of California personal income taxes. For this purpose, the issue price of a particular maturity of the Bonds is the first price at which a substantial amount of that maturity is sold to the public (excluding bond houses, brokers, or similar persons or organizations acting in the capacity of underwriters, placement agents, or wholesalers). The original issue discount with respect to any maturity of the Bonds accrues daily over the term to that maturity date on the basis of a constant interest rate compounded semiannually (with straight-line interpolations between compounding dates). The accruing original issue discount is added to the adjusted basis of the Bonds to determine taxable gain or loss upon disposition (including sale, redemption, or payment at maturity) of the Bonds. Beneficial Owners of Bonds sold with original issue discount should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax consequences of ownership of their Bonds, including the treatment of purchasers who do not purchase such Bonds in the original offering to the public at the first price at which a substantial amount of such Bonds is sold to the public. The Bonds purchased, whether at original issuance or otherwise, for an amount greater than their principal amount payable at maturity (or, in some cases, at their earlier call date) (“Premium Bonds”) will be treated as having amortizable bond premium. No deduction is allowable for the amortizable bond premium for bonds, like the Premium Bonds, the interest on which is excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes. However, a purchaser’s basis in a Premium Bond and, under Treasury Regulations, the amount of interest received will be reduced by the amount of amortizable bond premium properly allocable to such purchaser. Beneficial Owners of Premium Bonds should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the proper treatment of amortizable bond premium in their particular circumstances. Internal Revenue Service Audit The IRS has initiated an expanded program for the auditing of issues (such as the Bonds), including both random and targeted audits. It is possible that the Bonds will be selected for audit by the IRS. It is also possible that the market value of the Bonds might be affected as a result of such an audit of the Bonds (or by an audit of similar obligations). Information Reporting and Backup Withholding Information reporting requirements apply to interest (including original issue discount) paid after March 31, 2007 on obligations, including the Bonds. In general, such requirements are satisfied if the interest recipient completes, and provides the payor with, a Form W-9, “Request for Taxpayer Identification Number and Certification,” or unless the recipient is one of a limited class of exempt recipients, including corporations. A 43 recipient not otherwise exempt from information reporting who fails to satisfy the information reporting requirements will be subject to “backup withholding,” which means that the payor is required to deduct and withhold a tax from the interest payment, calculated in the manner set forth in the Code. For the foregoing purpose, a “payor” generally refers to the person or entity from whom a recipient receives its payments of interest or who collects such payments on behalf of the recipient. If an owner purchasing a Bond through a brokerage account has executed a Form W-9 in connection with the establishment of such account, as generally can be expected, no backup withholding should occur. In any event, backup withholding does not affect the excludability of the interest on the Bonds from gross income for Federal income tax purposes. Any amounts withheld pursuant to backup withholding would be allowed as a refund or a credit against the owner’s Federal income tax once the required information is furnished to the IRS. A copy of the proposed form of opinion of Bond Counsel is attached hereto as Appendix A. LEGAL MATTERS Legal Opinion The legal opinion of GCR, LLP, approving the validity of the Bonds, substantially in the form of Appendix A hereto, will be made available to the Underwriter at the time of original delivery of the Bonds and a copy of the opinion will be delivered with each Bond. Bond Counsel expresses no opinion to the Owners of the Bonds as to the accuracy, completeness or fairness of this Official Statement or other offering materials relating to the Bonds and expressly disclaims any duty to advise the Owners of the Bonds as to matters related to the Official Statement. Legality for Investment in California Under provisions of the California Financial Code, the Bonds are legal investments for commercial banks in California to the extent that the Bonds, in the informed opinion of the bank, are prudent for the investment of funds of depositors, and under provisions of the California Government Code, are eligible for security for deposits of public moneys in the State. No Litigation No litigation is pending or threatened concerning the validity of the Bonds, and a certificate to that effect will be furnished by the District at the time of the original delivery of the Bonds. The District is not aware of any litigation pending or threatened questioning the political existence of the District or contesting the District’s ability to receive ad valorem taxes or to collect other revenues or contesting the District’s ability to issue and retire the Bonds. BANK QUALIFIED The District has designated the Bonds as “qualified obligations” within the meaning of section 265(b)(3) of the Code and, in the case of certain financial institutions (within the meaning of section 265(b)(3) of the Code), a deduction for federal income tax purposes is allowed for 80% of that portion of such financial institution’s interest expense allocable to interest on such Bonds. CONTINUING DISCLOSURE The District has covenanted for the benefit of the holders and beneficial Owners of the Bonds to provide certain financial information and operating data relating to the District (the “Annual Report”) by not later than nine (9) months following the end of the District’s fiscal year (currently ending June 30) commencing with the report for the 2011-12 fiscal year (which is due no later than March 31, 2013) and to provide notices of the occurrence of certain enumerated events. The Annual Report will be filed by the District in readable PDF or other acceptable electronic form with the Electronic Municipal Market Access 44 system (“EMMA”) of the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board. The notices of certain enumerated events, if any, will also be filed by the District with EMMA. The specific nature of the information to be contained in the Annual Report or the notices of material events are set forth in “APPENDIX C—FORM OF CONTINUING DISCLOSURE CERTIFICATE.” These covenants have been made in order to assist the Underwriters in complying with Securities and Exchange Commission Rule 15c2-12(b)(5) (the “Rule”). The District failed to comply with undertakings under the Rule related to its 2001 General Obligation Bonds and certain Certificates of Participation executed and delivered in 2004. The District has implemented procedures to assist with the preparation and filing of all annual reports under the previous undertakings as well as the Continuing Disclosure Certificate being executed connection with the Bonds. As of the date of this Official Statement, the District has filed all required materials and is now current on all filings required pursuant to its previous continuing disclosure undertakings. ESCROW VERIFICATION The arithmetical accuracy of certain computations included in the schedules provided by the Underwriter relating to the computation of projected receipts of principal and interest on the government obligations, and the projected payments of principal and interest to repay the Notes will be verified by Causey, Demgen & Moore Inc., Denver, Colorado (the “Verification Agent”). Such computations will be based solely on assumptions and information supplied by the District and the Underwriter. The Verification Agent will restrict its procedures to verifying this arithmetical accuracy of certain computations and will not make any study to evaluate the assumptions and information on which the computations are based, and will express no opinion on the data used, the reasonableness of the assumptions or the achievability of the projected outcome. MISCELLANEOUS Ratings The District has applied for a rating from Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a Division of The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. (“Standard & Poor’s”). A rating reflects only the view of the agency giving such rating and is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold the Bonds. An explanation of the significance of each rating may be obtained from the rating agency at its address, as follows: Standard & Poor’s, 55 Water Street, New York, New York 10041. Generally, a rating agency bases its rating on the information and materials furnished to it and on investigations, studies and assumptions of its own. There is no assurance that a rating will apply for any given period of time, or that the rating will not be revised downward or withdrawn if, in the judgment of the agency providing such rating, circumstances so warrant. The District undertakes no responsibility to maintain any rating or to oppose any revision or withdrawal of a rating. A downward revision or withdrawal of a rating may have an adverse effect on the marketability or market price of the Bonds. Underwriting The Bonds are being purchased for reoffering by Stifel Nicolaus & Company Incorporated dba Stone & Youngberg, a Division of Stifel Nicolaus (the “Underwriter”). The Underwriter has agreed to purchase the Bonds pursuant to a Contract of Purchase with the District (the “Contract of Purchase”) at the initial purchase price of __________ (which represents the aggregate principal amount of the Bonds, plus original issue premium of ___________, less Underwriter’s discount of _________). The Contract of Purchase provides that the Underwriter will purchase all of the Bonds. The obligation to make such purchase is subject to certain terms and conditions set forth in the Contract of Purchase. Audited Financial Statements The District’s audited financial statements for fiscal year 2010-11 (the “2011 Audit”) included in this Official Statement have been audited by Vavrinek, Trine, Day & Co., LLP, as independent auditors (the “Auditor”). Attention is called to the scope limitation described in the Auditor’s report accompanying the 45 2011 Audit. The District has not requested, and the Auditor has not provided, any review or update of the 2011 audit in connection with its inclusion in this Official Statement. See APPENDIX B—”DISTRICT’S 2010-11 AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.” Financial Interests The fees being paid to Bond Counsel, Disclosure Counsel and the District’s Financial Advisor are contingent upon the issuance and delivery of the Bonds. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION The purpose of this Official Statement is to supply information to purchasers of the Bonds. Quotations from and summaries and explanations of the Bonds and of the statutes and documents contained herein do not purport to be complete, and reference is made to such documents and statutes for full and complete statements of their provisions. Any Bond Owner may obtain copies of such documents, including the District’s audits and budgets, as available, from the District at 3460 Lester Road, Denair, California 95316, Attention: Superintendent. The District may impose a charge for copying, mailing and handling. Any statements in this Official Statement involving matters of opinion, whether or not expressly so stated, are intended as such and not as representations of fact. This Official Statement is not to be construed as a contract or agreement between the District and the purchasers or Owners of any of the Bonds. The delivery of this Official Statement has been duly authorized by the District. DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT By: Superintendent 46 APPENDIX A FORM OF OPINION OF BOND COUNSEL Upon the date of issuance of the Bonds, GCR, LLP, Bond Counsel to the District, proposes to render its final approving opinion with respect to the Bonds in substantially the following form: [Date of Delivery] Board of Trustees Denair Unified School District Denair, California DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT 2012 GENERAL OBLIGATION REFUNDING BONDS (Stanislaus County, California) Members of the Board of Trustees: We have acted as bond counsel to the Denair Unified School District (the “District”), which is located in Stanislaus County, California (the “County”), in connection with the issuance by the District of the Denair Unified School District 2012 General Obligation Refunding Bonds (the “Bonds”), in the aggregate principal amount of $_________ , as authorized by Articles 9 and 11 of Chapter 3 of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the California Government Code, and other applicable provisions of law, including applicable provisions of the California Education Code and the California Constitution, a resolution of the Board of Supervisors of the Stanislaus County (the “County”) authorizing the District to issue bonds on its own behalf, and pursuant to a resolution adopted by the Board of Trustees of the District (the “Board”) on January 12, 2012 and a Resolution authorizing certain documents relating to the Bonds adopted by the Board on January 26, 2012 (collectively, the “Bond Resolution”). In our capacity as bond counsel, we have reviewed the Bond Resolution, the Tax Certificate of the District related to the Bonds, dated the date hereof (the “Tax Certificate”), certificates of the County, the District and others and such other documents, opinions and matters to the extent we deemed necessary to render the opinions set forth herein. As to questions of fact material to our opinion, we have relied upon representations in the Bond Resolution and in the certified proceedings and other certifications of public officials furnished to us without undertaking to verify the same by independent investigation, and we have assumed, but have not independently verified, that the signatures on all documents, certificates and opinions that we reviewed are genuine. Furthermore, we have assumed compliance with all covenants, agreements and representations contained in the Bond Resolution, the Tax Certificate and other certificates provided by the District, the County and others. The opinions expressed herein are based on an analysis of existing laws, regulations and rulings. Such opinions may be affected by actions taken or omitted or events occurring after the date hereof. We have not undertaken to determine or inform any person whether any such actions are taken or omitted or events do occur or any matters come to our attention after the date hereof. Accordingly, this opinion speaks only as of its date and may not be relied upon in connection with any such actions, events or matters. Our engagement with respect to the Bonds has concluded with their issuance and we disclaim any obligation to update this letter. Based on the foregoing, and subject to the limitations and qualifications herein specified, as of the date hereof, and under existing law, we are of the opinion that: 1. The District is duly created and validly existing school district with the power to perform its obligations under the Bond Resolution and the Bonds. A-1 2. The Bond Resolution has been duly adopted by the Board and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the District enforceable against the District in accordance with its terms. 3. The Board of Supervisors of the County has the power and is obligated to levy and collect ad valorem taxes, without limitation as to rate or amount, on all property subject to taxation within the District (except for certain personal property which is taxable at limited rates), for the payment of the Bonds and the interest thereon. 4. Assuming compliance by the District with certain covenants in the Bond Resolution, the Tax Certificate and other documents pertaining to the Bonds and requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, regarding the use, expenditure and investment of proceeds of the Bonds and the timely payment of certain investment earnings to the United States, interest on the Bonds is excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes and is exempt from State of California personal income taxes. Failure to comply with such covenants and requirements may cause interest on the Bonds to be included in federal gross income retroactive to the date of issuance and delivery of the Bonds. Interest on the Bonds is not a specific preference item for purposes of the federal individual or corporate alternative minimum taxes, nor is it included in adjusted current earnings in calculating corporate alternative minimum taxable income. We express no opinion regarding other federal or State tax consequences arising with respect to the Bonds. The rights of the owners of the Bonds and the enforceability of the Bonds and the Bond Resolution may be subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, arrangement, moratorium and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights heretofore or hereafter enacted and may also be subject to the exercise of judicial discretion in appropriate cases and to the limitations on legal remedies against school districts in the State of California. Respectfully submitted, GCR, LLP A-2 APPENDIX B DISTRICT’S 2010-11 AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS B-1 [THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] [THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] [THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] APPENDIX C FORM OF CONTINUING DISCLOSURE CERTIFICATE THIS CONTINUING DISCLOSURE CERTIFICATE (the “Disclosure Certificate”) dated as of February 1, 2012 is executed and delivered by the Denair Unified School District (the “Issuer”) in connection with the issuance and delivery of $___________Denair Unified School District 2012 General Obligation Refunding Bonds, (the “Bonds”). The Bonds are being issued pursuant to resolutions of the Issuer, adopted on January 12, 2012 and January 26, 2012 (collectively, the “Resolution”). SECTION 1. Purpose of the Disclosure Certificate. This Disclosure Certificate is being executed and delivered by the Issuer for the benefit of the Owners of the Bonds and in order to assist the Participating Underwriter in complying with the Rule. SECTION 2. Definitions. In addition to the definitions set forth in the Resolution, which apply to any capitalized term used in this Disclosure Certificate unless otherwise defined in this Section, the following capitalized terms shall have the following meanings: “Annual Report” shall mean any Annual Report provided by the Issuer pursuant to, and as described in, Sections 3 and 4 of this Disclosure Certificate. “Disclosure Representative” shall mean the Superintendent or Assistant Superintendent, Business Services and Support of the Issuer or either of their designees, or such other officer or employee as the Issuer shall designate in writing from time to time. “Dissemination Agent” shall mean, initially, Issuer, acting in its capacity as Dissemination Agent hereunder, or any successor Dissemination Agent designed in writing by the Issuer and which has been filed with the then current Dissemination Agent a written acceptance of such designation. “EMMA” shall mean the Electronic Municipal Market Access system of the MSRB. “Listed Events” shall mean any of the events listed in Section 5(a) and (b) of this Disclosure Certificate. “MSRB” shall mean the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board and any successor entity designated under the Rule as the repository for filings made pursuant to the Rule “Participating Underwriter” shall mean Stone & Youngberg, a Division of Stifel Nicolaus as the original underwriter of the Bonds. “Rule” shall mean Rule 15c2-12(b)(5) adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as the same may be amended from time to time. “Tax-exempt” shall mean that interest on the Bonds is excluded from gross income for federal income tax purposes, whether or not such interest is includable as an item of tax preferences or otherwise includable directly or indirectly for purposes of calculating any other tax liability, including any alternative minimum tax or environmental tax. SECTION 3. Provision of Annual Reports. (a) The Issuer shall, or shall cause the Dissemination Agent upon written direction to, not later than eight months following the end of the Issuer’s fiscal year (which shall be February 1 of each year, so long C-1 as the Issuer’s fiscal year ends on June 30), commencing with the report for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2012, provide to the MSRB an Annual Report which is consistent with the requirements of Section 4 of this Disclosure Certificate. The Annual Report shall be provided to the MSRB in an electronic format as prescribed by the MSRB and shall be accompanied by identifying information as prescribed by the MSRB. The Annual Report may be submitted as a single document or as separate documents comprising a package, and may include by reference other information as provided in Section 4 of this Disclosure Certificate; provided that the audited financial statements of the Issuer may be submitted separately from and later than the balance of the Annual Report if they are not available by the date required above for the filing of the Annual Report. The Annual Report shall be provided at least annually notwithstanding any fiscal year longer than 12 calendar months. The Issuer’s fiscal year is currently effective from July 1 to the immediately succeeding June 30 of the following year. The Issuer will promptly notify the MSRB and the Dissemination Agent (if other than the Issuer) of a change in the fiscal year dates. The Issuer shall provide a written certification with each Annual Report furnished to the Dissemination Agent to the effect that such Annual Report constitutes the Annual Report required to be furnished by it hereunder. The Dissemination Agent may conclusively rely upon such certification of the Issuer and shall have no duty or obligation to review such Annual Report. (b) If the Dissemination Agent is a person or entity other than the Issuer then, not later than fifteen (15) days prior to the date specified in subsection (a) for providing the Annual Report to the MSRB, the Issuer shall provide the Annual Report to the Dissemination Agent. If by fifteen (15) days prior to such date the Dissemination Agent has not received a copy of the Annual Report, the Dissemination Agent shall contact the Issuer to determine if the Issuer is in compliance with subsection (a). (c) If the Dissemination Agent is unable to verify that an Annual Report has been provided to the MSRB by the date required in subsection (a), the Dissemination Agent shall file a notice with the MSRB, in the form required by the MSRB. (d) The Dissemination Agent shall: (i) confirm the electronic filing requirements of the MSRB for the Annual Reports; and (ii) promptly after receipt of the Annual Report, file a report with the Issuer certifying that the Annual Report has been provided pursuant to this Disclosure Certificate, stating the date it was provided the MSRB. The Dissemination Agent’s duties under this clause (ii) shall exist only if the Issuer provides the Annual Report to the Dissemination Agent for filing. (e) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Disclosure Certificate, all filings shall be made in accordance with the MSRB’s EMMA system or in another manner approved under the Rule. SECTION 4. Content of Annual Reports. The Issuer’s Annual Report shall contain or include by reference the following: (a) (i) The audited financial statements of the Issuer for the most recent fiscal year of the Issuer then ended, (ii) the most recently adopted budget of the Issuer, and (iii) if required to be prepared and filed, the First Interim Report for the current fiscal year. If the audited financial statements are not available by the time the Annual Report is required to be filed, the Annual Report shall contain any unaudited financial statements of the Issuer in a format similar to the financial statements, and the audited financial statements shall be filed in the same manner as the Annual Report when they become available. Audited financial statements, if any, of the Issuer shall be audited by such auditor as shall then be required or permitted by State law or the Resolution. Audited financial statements shall be prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles as prescribed for governmental units by the Governmental Accounting Standards Board; provided, however, that the Issuer may from time to time, if required by federal or state legal requirements, modify the basis upon C-2 which its financial statements are prepared. In the event that the Issuer shall modify the basis upon which its financial statements are prepared, the Issuer shall provide a notice of such modification to the MSRB, including a reference to the specific federal or state law or regulation specifically describing the legal requirements for the change in accounting basis. (b) To the extent not included in the audited financial statements, adopted budget or First Interim Report of the Issuer filed pursuant to Section 5(a) above, the Annual Report shall also include the following: (i) the average daily attendance in the Issuer’s schools on an aggregate basis for the preceding fiscal year and for the current budget year; (ii) pension plan contributions made by the Issuer for the preceding fiscal year and for the current budget year; (iii) aggregate principal amount of short-term borrowings, lease obligations and other long-term borrowings of the Issuer as of the end of the preceding fiscal year; (iv) description of amount of general fund revenues and expenditures which have been budgeted for the current fiscal year, together with audited actual budget figures for the preceding fiscal year; (v) the Issuer’s total revenue limit for the preceding fiscal year and for the current budget year; (vi) prior fiscal year total secured property tax levy and collections, showing current collections as a percent of the total levy; and (vii) current fiscal year assessed valuation of taxable properties in the Issuer, including assessed valuation of the top ten properties. (c) Any or all of the items listed above may be included by specific reference to other documents, including official statements of debt issues of the Issuer or related public entities, which have been submitted to the MSRB or the Securities and Exchange Commission. If the document included by reference is a final official statement, it must be available from the MSRB. The Issuer shall clearly identify each such other document so included by reference. SECTION 5. Reporting of Significant Events. (a) Pursuant to the provisions of this Section 5, the Issuer shall give, or cause to be given, notice of the occurrence of any of the following events with respect to the Bonds in a timely manner not more than ten (10) business days after the event: 1. principal and interest payment delinquencies; 2. unscheduled draws on debt service reserves reflecting financial difficulties; 3. unscheduled draws on credit enhancements reflecting financial difficulties; 4. substitution of credit or liquidity providers, or their failure to perform; 5. issuance by the Internal Revenue Service of proposed or final determinations of taxability or of a Notice of Proposed Issue (IRS Form 5701-TEB); C-3 6. tender offers; 7. defeasances; 8. ratings changes; and 9. bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar proceedings. Note: for the purposes of the event identified in subparagraph (9), the event is considered to occur when any of the following occur: the appointment of a receiver, fiscal agent or similar officer for an obligated person in a proceeding under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code or in any other proceeding under state or federal law in which a court or governmental authority has assumed jurisdiction over substantially all of the assets or business of the obligated person, or if such jurisdiction has been assumed by leaving the existing governmental body and officials or officers in possession but subject to the supervision and orders of a court or governmental authority, or the entry of an order confirming a plan of reorganization, arrangement or liquidation by a court or governmental authority having supervision or jurisdiction over substantially all of the assets or business of the obligated person. (b) Pursuant to the provisions of this Section 5, the Issuer shall give, or cause to be given, notice of the occurrence of any of the following events with respect to the Bonds, if material: 1. unless described in paragraph 5(a)(5), adverse tax opinions or other material notices or determinations by the Internal Revenue Service with respect to the tax status of the Bonds or other material events affecting the tax status of the Bonds; 2. the consummation of a merger, consolidation or acquisition involving an obligated person or the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the obligated person, other than in the ordinary course of business, the entry into a definitive agreement to undertake such an action or the termination of a definitive agreement relating to any such actions, other than pursuant to its terms; 3. appointment of a successor or additional trustee or the change of the name of a trustee; 4. nonpayment related defaults; 5. modifications to the rights of Owners of the Bonds; 6. notices of redemption; and 7. release, substitution or sale of property securing repayment of the Bonds. (c) Whenever the Issuer obtains knowledge of the occurrence of a Listed Event described in Section 5(b), the Issuer shall as soon as possible determine if such event would be material under applicable federal securities laws. (d) If the Issuer determines that knowledge of the occurrence of a Listed Event under Section 5(b) would be material under applicable federal securities laws, the Issuer shall file a notice of such occurrence with EMMA in a timely manner not more than ten (10) business days after the event. C-4 (e) The Issuer hereby agrees that the undertaking set forth in this Disclosure Certificate is the responsibility of the Issuer and that the Dissemination Agent shall not be responsible for determining whether the Issuer’s instructions to the Dissemination Agent under this Section 5 comply with the requirements of the Rule. (g) Any of the filings required to be made under this Section 5 shall be made in accordance with the MSRB’s EMMA system or in another manner approved under the Rule. SECTION 6. Termination of Reporting Obligation. The obligation of the Issuer and the Dissemination Agent under this Disclosure Certificate shall terminate upon the legal defeasance, prior redemption or payment in full of all of Bonds. If such termination occurs prior to the final maturity of the Bonds, the Issuer shall give notice of such termination in the same manner as for a Listed Event under Section 5. SECTION 7. Dissemination Agent. The Issuer may, from time to time, appoint or engage a Dissemination Agent to assist it in carrying out its obligations under the Disclosure Certificate, and may discharge any such Dissemination Agent, with or without appointing a successor Dissemination Agent. The initial Dissemination Agent shall be the Issuer. The Dissemination Agent may resign by providing thirty days written notice to the Issuer and the Paying Agent. The Dissemination Agent shall not be responsible for the content of any report or notice prepared by the Issuer. The Dissemination Agent shall have no duty to prepare any information report nor shall the Dissemination Agent be responsible for filing any report not provided to it by the Issuer in a timely manner and in a form suitable for filing. SECTION 8. Amendment. (a) This Disclosure Certificate may be amended, in writing, without the consent of the Owners, if all of the following conditions are satisfied: (1) such amendment is made in connection with a change in circumstances that arises from a change in legal (including regulatory) requirements, a change in law (including rules or regulations) or in interpretations thereof, or a change in the identity, nature or status of the Issuer or the type of business conducted thereby, (2) this Disclosure Certificate as so amended would have complied with the requirements of the Rule as of the date of this Disclosure Certificate, after taking into account any amendments or interpretations of the Rule, as well as any change in circumstances, (3) there shall have been delivered to the Issuer an opinion of a nationally recognized bond counsel or counsel expert in federal securities laws, addressed to the Issuer, to the same effect as set forth in clause (2) above, (4) the Issuer shall have received and delivered to the Dissemination Agent an opinion of nationally recognized bond counsel or counsel expert in federal securities laws, addressed to the Issuer, to the effect that the amendment does not materially impair the interests of the Owners, and (5) the Issuer shall have delivered copies of such opinion and amendment to the MSRB. (b) This Disclosure Certificate may be amended in writing with respect to the Bonds, upon obtaining consent of Owners at least 25% in aggregate principal of the Bonds then outstanding; provided that the conditions set forth in Section 8(a)(1), (2) and (3) have been satisfied; and provided, further, that the Dissemination Agent shall be obligated to enter into any such amendment that modifies or increases its duties or obligations hereunder. (c) To the extent any amendment to this Disclosure Certificate results in a change in the type of financial information or operating data provided pursuant to this Disclosure Certificate, the first Annual Report provided thereafter shall include a narrative explanation of the reasons for the amendment and the impact of the change. (d) If an amendment is made to the basis on which financial statements are prepared, the Annual Report for the year in which the change is made shall present a comparison between the financial statements or information prepared on the basis of the new accounting principles and those prepared on the basis of the former accounting principles. Such comparison shall include a quantitative and, to the extent reasonably C-5 feasible, qualitative discussion of the differences in the accounting principles and the impact of the change in the accounting principles on the presentation of the financial information. SECTION 9. Additional Information. Nothing in this Disclosure Certificate shall be deemed to prevent the Issuer from disseminating any other information, using the means of dissemination set forth in this Disclosure Certificate or any other means of communication, or including any other information in any Annual Report or notice of occurrence of a Listed Event, in addition to that which is required by this Disclosure Certificate. If the Issuer chooses to include any information in any Annual Report or notice of occurrence of a Listed Event in addition to that which is specifically required by this Disclosure Certificate, the Issuer shall have no obligation under this Disclosure Certificate to update such information or include it in any future Annual Report or notice if occurrence of a Listed Event. The Issuer acknowledges and understands that other state and federal laws, including but not limited to the Securities Act of 1933 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, may apply to the Issuer, and that under some circumstances compliance with this Disclosure Certificate, without additional disclosures or other action, may not fully discharge all duties and obligations of the Issuer under such laws. SECTION 10. Default. In the event the Issuer fails to comply with any provision in this Disclosure Certificate, the Dissemination Agent may (or shall upon direction of the Owners of 25% in aggregate principal of the Bonds then outstanding or the Participating Underwriter) take all action necessary to cause the Issuer to comply with this Disclosure Certificate. In the event of a failure of the Issuer to comply with any provision of this Disclosure Certificate, any Owner of the Bonds may take such actions as may be necessary and appropriate, including seeking mandate or specific performance by court order, to cause the Issuer to comply with its obligations under this Disclosure Certificate. A default under this Disclosure Certificate shall not be deemed an Event of Default under the Resolution, and the sole remedy under this Disclosure Certificate in the event of any failure of the Issuer to comply with this Disclosure Certificate shall be an action to compel performance. SECTION 11. Duties, Immunities and Liabilities of Dissemination Agent. If the Dissemination Agent is a person or entity other than the Issuer, this Section 11 shall apply. The Dissemination Agent shall have only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Disclosure Certificate, and the Issuer agrees to indemnify and save the Dissemination Agent, its officers, directors, employees and agents, harmless against any loss, expense and liabilities which it may incur arising out of or in the exercise or performance of its powers and duties hereunder, including the costs and expenses (including attorneys fees) of defending against any claim of liability, but excluding liabilities due to the Dissemination Agent’s negligence or willful misconduct. The Dissemination Agent shall be paid compensation by the Issuer for its services provided hereunder in accordance with its schedule of fees as amended from time to time and all expenses, legal fees and advances made or incurred by the Dissemination Agent in the performance of its duties hereunder. The Dissemination Agent shall have no duty or obligation to review any information provided to it hereunder and shall not be deemed to be acting in any fiduciary capacity for the Issuer, the Bond Owner’s, or any other party. The obligations of the Issuer under this Section shall survive resignation or removal of the Dissemination Agent and payment of the Bonds. No person shall have any right to commence any action against the Dissemination Agent hereunder, seeking any remedy other than to compel specific performance of this Disclosure Certificate. The Dissemination Agent shall not be liable under any circumstances for monetary damages to any person for any breach under this Disclosure Certificate. SECTION 12. Beneficiaries. This Disclosure Certificate shall inure solely to the benefit of the Issuer, the Dissemination Agent, the Participating Underwriter and Owners from time to time of the Bonds, and shall create no rights in any other person or entity. C-6 SECTION 13. Notices. Notices should be sent in writing to the following address. The following information may be conclusively relied upon until changed in writing. Disclosure Representative: Superintendent Denair Unified School District 3460 Lester Road Denair, California 95316 DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT By: Its: C-7 [Form Only] Superintendent EXHIBIT A NOTICE TO REPOSITORIES OF FAILURE TO FILE ANNUAL REPORT Name of District : DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT Name of Bond Issue: 2012 General Obligation Refunding Bonds. Date of Issuance: February ___, 2012. NOTICE IS HERBY GIVEN that the District has not provided an Annual Report with respect to the abovenamed Bonds as required by the Continuing Disclosure Certificate relating to the Bonds. The District anticipates that the Annual Report will be filed on ____________. Dated: __________________________ DENAIR UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT By: C-8 [form only; no signature required] APPENDIX D INFORMATION CONCERNING STANISLAUS COUNTY The following information concerning Stanislaus County (the “County’) is included only for the purpose of supplying general information regarding the community. The Bonds are not a debt of the County, the State nor any of its political subdivisions and neither the County, the State nor any of its political subdivisions is liable therefore. General Information The County is located in the heart of the San Joaquin Valley, bordered by the San Francisco Bay Area to the west and the Sierra Nevada to the east. Founded in 1854, it is home to nearly 600,000 citizens. Population The following table lists population figures for the County as of January 1 for the last five years. TABLE NO. 1 POPULATION 2006 - 2010 Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Stanislaus 514,911 520,506 523,966 527,044 514,453 Source: State of California, Department of Finance. D-1 Employment and Industry The following table summarizes the civilian labor force, civilian employment and civilian unemployment figures for the calendar years 2006 through 2010 and through the month of November for 2011 in the County of Stanislaus, the State of California and the United States. TABLE NO. 2 Stanislaus County, State of California and United States Labor Force, Employment and Unemployment Yearly Average Civilian Employment Stanislaus County(1) (2) California(1) (2) United States(1) (2) 224,900 17,686,700 151,428,000 207,000 16,821,300 144,427,000 17,900 965,400 7,001,000 8.0% 4.9 4.6 Stanislaus County(1) (2) California(1) (2) United States(1) (2) 227,300 18,060,800 153,936,000 207,600 17,010,500 146,272,000 19,700 1,050,300 7,664,000 8.6 5.8 5.0 Stanislaus County(1) (2) California(1) (2) United States(1) (2) 231,800 18,263,300 154,669,000 206,400 16,628,900 143,324,000 25,400 1,634,400 11,344,000 11.0 8.9 7.3 Stanislaus County(1) (2) California(1) (2) United States(1) (2) 234,800 18,040,800 153,172,000 197,600 15,877,900 137,960,000 37,200 2,162,900 15,212,000 15.9 12.0 9.9 Stanislaus County(1) (2) California(1) (2) United States(1) (2) 237,400 18,098,100 153,690,000 196,100 15,871,300 139,206,000 41,300 2,256,800 14,485,000 17.4 12.3 9.4 Stanislaus County(1) (2)(3) California(1) (2)(3) United States(1) (2)(3) 233,200 18,185,300 153,883,000 197,100 16,206,500 139,064,00 36,000 1,978,800 13,303,000 15.5 10.9 8.6 Year and Area 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Civilian Unemployment Civilian Unemployment Rate Civilian Labor Force Note: Data is not seasonally adjusted. (1) Data may not add due to rounding. The unemployment rate is calculated using unrounded data. (2) Labor force data for all geographic areas for 1990 to 2010 now reflect the March 2010 annual revision (or benchmark) and Census 2000 population controls at the state level. (3) Labor Force, Employment and Unemployment data as of November 2011 Source: California Employment Development Department and U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. D-2 The following table shows industry employment figures for the Stanislaus County for calendar years 2006 through 2010 and through the month of November for 2011. TABLE NO. 3 STANISLAUS COUNTY WAGE AND SALARY WORKERS BY INDUSTRY(1) (in Thousands) Industry Government Other Services Leisure and Hospitality Educational and Health Services Professional and Business Services Financial Activities Information Transportation, Warehousing and Utilities Service Providing Retail Trade Wholesale Trade Manufacturing Nondurable Goods Durable Goods Goods Producing Mining, Logging and Construction Total Private Total Nonfarm Farm Total (all industries) 2006 $26,900 6,000 15,100 20,700 14,700 6,100 2,400 5,400 126,700 23,500 5,900 20,900 13,000 7,900 33,300 12,400 133,100 160,000 11,900 $171,900 2007 $26,600 6,100 15,600 21,500 14,600 6,000 2,200 5,700 127,600 23,300 6,000 21,600 13,800 7,800 31,700 10,100 132,700 159,300 11,700 $171,000 2008 $26,500 5,500 15,300 22,300 13,900 6,000 1,400 5,600 124,100 21,500 6,100 20,300 13,400 6,900 27,900 7,600 125,500 152,000 12,400 $164,400 2009 $25,400 5,200 14,300 22,400 13,300 5,500 1,200 5,900 119,600 20,400 6,000 19,300 13,400 5,900 25,000 5,700 119,200 144,600 10,600 $155,200 (1) Annually; Not Seasonally Adjusted. (2) 2011 Wage and Salary Information data as of November 2011. Source: State of California Employment Development Department, Labor Market information. D-3 2010 $24,700 5,000 14,500 23,200 12,800 5,500 1,200 6,300 119,000 20,000 5,800 21,600 15,900 5,700 27,400 5,800 121,700 146,400 13,100 $159,500 2011(2) $24,500 4,700 14,400 23,200 13,100 5,400 1,100 6,100 117,600 19,300 5,800 22,200 16,500 5,700 27,600 5,400 120,700 145,200 13,700 $158,900 The following table summarizes the larger employers in the Stanislaus County. TABLE NO. 4 MAJOR EMPLOYERS STANISLAUS COUNTY 2012 Employer Alcott Ridge Vineyard Alliance Worknet Bronco Wine Co Carlo Rossi Winery Con Agra Foods Inc. County of Stanislaus Del Monte Foods Co E & J Gallo Winery Ecco Domani Winery Emanuel Medical Center Fairbanks Cellars Foster Farms Gallo Winery Memorial Hospital Modesto Bee Oak Valley Hospital Patterson Vegetable Co LLC Stanislaus County Community Service Stanislaus County Community Stanislaus County Office Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Stanislaus County Welfare Department Sysco Central California Inc. Turlock Irrigation District Zabaco Winery Location Modesto Modesto Ceres Modesto Oakdale Modesto Modesto Modesto Modesto Turlock Not Available Turlock Modesto Modesto Modesto Oakdale Patterson Turlock Modesto Patterson Modesto Modesto Modesto Turlock Modesto Industry Vineyards County Government- Social/Human Resources Exporters (Whls.) Wineries (Mfrs) Canning (Mfrs) Social Services & Welfare Organizations Canning (Mfrs) Wineries (Mfrs) Wineries (Mfrs) Hospitals Wineries (Mfrs) Poultry Processing Plants (Mfrs) Wineries (Mfrs) Hospital Newspapers (Publishers/Mfrs) Hospitals Frozen Food Processors (Mfrs) Government Offices- County Government Offices- County Government Offices- County Sheriff County Government- Social/Human Resources Food Products (Whls) Electric Companies Wineries (Mfrs) ___________________________ Source: State of California Employment Development Department, extracted from the America’s Labor Market Information System (ALMIS) Employer Database, 2012, 1st Edition, published in December, 2011. D-4 Income The following table summarizes per capita personal income for Stanislaus County, the State and the United States for 2006 through 2010. TABLE NO. 5 PER CAPITA PERSONAL INCOME 2006 - 2010 Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Stanislaus County(1) $29,429 29,477 29,545 30,044 30,323(2) State of California $41,567 43,240 43,853 42,395 42,578 United States $37,698 39,461 40,674 39,635 39,945 (1) From California Department of Transportation. (2) Stanislaus County 2010 Per Capita Income is forecasted. Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. Commercial Activity The following table summarizes taxable transactions by type of business for Stanislaus County for the calendar years 2006 through 2009 and through the month of November for 2010. TABLE NO. 6 COUNTY OF STANISLAUS TAXABLE TRANSACTIONS BY TYPE OF BUSINESS (in Thousands) 2006-2010 Retail Stores Apparel Stores General Merchandise Stores Food and Beverage Stores Food Services and Drinking Places Home Furnishings and Appliances Specialty Stores Electronic and Appliances Building Materials and Farm Implements Automotive Group Service Stations Health and Personal Care Stores Sporting Goods, Hobby, Books and Music Stores Non Retail Stores Other Retail Stores Total Retail Stores Business and Personal Services All Other Outlets Total All Outlets (1) (1) 2006 2007 2008 2009 $ 224,909 956,378 320,361 505,384 192,275 558,432 - $ 229,220 926,548 336,853 516,132 174,113 - $ 209,269 889,877 313,383 516,357 169,714 - $ 239,037 760,551 297,253 504,306 78,896 114,146 $ 59,740 179,446 76,375 504,306 124,946 24,586 567,014 1,573,719 - 475,633 1,018,574 622,125 - 382,535 774,274 670,286 - 379,318 603,221 516,398 99,013 97,002 174,141 161,913 24,601 369,917 5,268,389 1,843,839 $ 7,352,532 793,555 5,092,753 228,283 1,814,847 $ 7,135,883 660,142 4,585,837 194,877 1,947,978 $ 6,728,692 118,244 34,006 181,250 3,925,638 1,921,419 $ 5,847,057 28,649 9,732 44,400 1,024,374 540,278 $1,564,653 2010 Taxable Sales in California as of Third Quarter 2010 D-5 2010 Source: California State Board of Equalization, Taxable Sales in California (Sales and Use Tax). Building Activity The following table summarizes building activity valuations for Stanislaus County for the calendar years 2006 through 2010 and through the month of November for 2011. TABLE NO. 7 COUNTY OF STANISLAUS BUILDING ACTIVITY AND VALUATION (in Thousands) 2006 - 2010 2006 Residential Non-Residential Total Valuation Total Permits $ 521,231,000 349,715,000 $ 870,949,000 2410 2007 $347,722,000 305,696,000 $ 653,418,000 2008 2009 $ 114,829,000 235,856,000 $ 350,685,000 $ 82,071,000 148,910,000 $ 230,981,000 486 331 1767 (1) Construction Industry Research Board as of November 2011. Source: Construction Industry Research Board. D-6 2010 $ 67,267,000 145,570,000 $212,837,000 244 2011(1) $ 50,752,000 91,807,000 $ 142,559,000 152 APPENDIX E STANISLAUS COUNTY INVESTMENT POLICY AND DESCRIPTION OF INVESTMENT POOL The following information have been furnished by the Office of the Treasurer-Tax Collector, Stanislaus County. It describes (i) the policies applicable to investment of District funds, including bond proceeds and tax levies, and funds of other agencies held by the County Treasurer and (ii) the composition, carrying amount, market value and other information relating to the investment pool. Further information may be obtained directly from the Treasurer-Tax Collector, 1010 Tenth Street, Suite 2500, Modesto, California 95353, phone number (209) 525-6388. E-1 THE STANISLAUS COUNTY TREASURY POOL INVESTMENT POLICY Effective April 1, 2011 Prepared by: Gordon B. Ford, Stanislaus County Treasurer/Tax Collector Approved by the Stanislaus County Treasury Pool Oversight Committee on February 10, 2011 Approved by the Stanislaus County Board of Supervisors on March 22, 2011 Stanislaus County Treasury Pool Investment Policy April 1, 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS Item Page(s) Purpose and Scope 1 Objective 1 Investment Authority and Standards of Care 2-3 Authorized Investments 3-5 Non-Authorized Investments 5 Reporting Requirements 6 Annual Audit 7 Investment Pool Expenses 7 Agencies' Voluntary Depositing and Withdrawal 8-9 Investment Earnings Apportionment and Rate 9 Exemptions and Amendments 9 Glossary A-C Stanislaus County Treasury Pool Investment Policy April 1, 2011 PURPOSE AND SCOPE The purpose of the Stanislaus County Treasury Pool Investment Policy ("Policy") is to provide guidance of the investment of funds in excess of the current day's necessary expenditure which by California State law ("Law") and local ordinance are entrusted to and delegated to the Stanislaus County Treasurer for investment. The scope of this policy applies solely to funds deposited with the Stanislaus County Treasurer for operating needs as part of the Stanislaus County Treasury Pool ("Pool") of funds. Local legislative and directive bodies such as the Board of Supervisors, various school boards, district boards and special agency boards which by Law have authority to invest funds entrusted to such bodies outside of the Pool (including but not limited to employee retirement funds and bond proceeds) are not constrained to adhere to this policy for investment of funds outside of the Pool. OBJECTIVE The primary objective of the investment of short term operating funds is to maintain the principal of such funds (safety) in investment vehicles which are easily converted to cash (liquidity) while obtaining a competitive market rate of return (yield) for the risk taken at the time of investing. Safety of principal is of paramount importance. Investments will only be made in securities, which have a very high probability of maintaining the principal invested. Only highly rated or strongly collateralized investments will be made. Diversification by type of investment, issuer and maturity to minimize the risk of loss of principal due to credit deterioration or interest rate volatility will be made. Sales of securities before maturity may be made if at a gain, to avoid an anticipated default of payment by the issuer of interest or principal or if such sale will allow investment in a higher yielding vehicle and any loss upon sale can be more than compensated by additional interest earnings within a six month period. Sale of securities also may be made for efficiency if due to the growth in the size of the portfolio any investment is less than one-fourth of one percent of the total portfolio. To achieve appropriate liquidity needs the Pool's investments must be in maturity ranges which meet normal, anticipated disbursement requirements of all depositors as can be determined by historical disbursement patterns as well as communicated forecasts by depositors. Unanticipated cash disbursement needs require that investments be easily convertible to cash by maintaining shorter maturities in highly traded securities. To achieve a competitive market rate of return or yield, individual investment decisions must be made on a competitive basis. Due to the primary need of maintaining the purchasing power and cash availability of depositors' funds, the portfolio's yield will normally be lower than that of higher-risk, longer maturity investment pools. An earnings rate goal for the fund will generally achieve a yield, which is 100 basis points higher than inflation. 1 Stanislaus County Treasury Pool Investment Policy April 1, 2011 INVESTMENT AUTHORITY AND STANDARDS OF CARE The daily investment of Pool funds has been delegated to the Stanislaus County Treasurer/Tax Collector ("Treasurer") pursuant to Government Code section 27000.1 and 53607. This is an annual delegation given to the Stanislaus County Treasurer/Tax Collector by the Stanislaus County Board of Supervisors each year and can be revoked by the Stanislaus County Board of Supervisors at any time. The Treasurer is responsible for all transactions undertaken and shall establish a system of controls to regulate the activities of subordinates. All transactions must comply with Law and be in conformity with this Policy. The Treasurer shall have written policies and procedures to insure investment compliance including: - A listing of authorized financial institutions and broker/dealers. Broker/dealers may include "primary" or regional dealers that qualify under Securities and Exchange Commission Rule 15C3-1 (uniform net capital rule) with a minimum capitalization of $10,000,000 and have at least one major office of operation within the State of California. Broker/dealers must have broker/dealer staff who have at least five years experience in Pool investment transactions with California local government investment officials. Broker/dealers must supply the following: 1. Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) 2. Proof of California State registration 3. Verification of review of and willingness to comply with this Policy - Broker/dealers are prohibited from making political contributions to any candidate for the Board of Supervisors or Treasurer/Tax Collector, which exceed the limitations contained in Rule G-37 of the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board. - Internal controls as approved and monitored by the Stanislaus County Auditor-Controller in accordance with Law and which address control to avoid or detect collusion, appropriate separation of duties, custodial safekeeping, avoidance of physical delivery of securities, clear delegation of investment authority and responsibilities, written confirmation (acceptable via fax) by Treasurer for investments which mature in more than one year, and an appropriate wire transfer arrangement between a lead banking institution and the third party custodian. - All investments shall be made with the care, skill, prudence and diligence under the circumstances then prevailing that a prudent person acting in a like capacity and familiar with these matters would use in the conduct of an enterprise of a like character and with like aims. Financial market security transactions will be executed by delivery versus payment and the securities will be held by a third party custodian. 2 Stanislaus County Treasury Pool Investment Policy April 1, 2011 INVESTMENT AUTHORITY AND STANDARDS OF CARE (Continued) - To avoid even the appearance of a conflict of interest, all officers and employees involved in the investment process shall refrain from personal business activity which in any way could hinder the proper execution and management of the investment program or impair anyone's ability to make an impartial decision. - Pursuant to Government Code Sections 27132.1, 27132.2 and 27132.3 Committee members are prohibited from: 1. Being an employee of an entity which has contributed to the campaign fund of any candidate for local treasurer or legislative body either during membership or three years prior to membership 2. Raising any money for a candidate for local treasurer or governing board 3. Securing employment with bond underwriters, bond counsel, security brokerages or dealers, or like financial services while a Committee member or for three years after leaving the Committee. - A limit of $50 per calendar year is placed on the receipt of honoraria, gifts and gratuities from advisors, brokers, dealers, bankers or other persons with whom the County Treasury conducts business by any member of the Committee, the County Treasurer and any staff involved in the investment process. Beginning in 2004, an annual certification of compliance as prepared by the Treasurer shall be submitted by Committee members. - The acceptance of transportation or meals and refreshments received during regularly scheduled conferences (such as the California Association of County Treasurers and Tax Collectors – CACTTC) are not prohibited by this policy. AUTHORIZED INVESTMENTS Pursuant to Government Code Section 53601 and 53635, investments will only be made in authorized securities with a maturity date of five (5) years or less from the transaction settlement date. All investments (except in mutual funds) must be in securities which have a positive return if held to maturity. The following instruments are authorized for investment (and other instruments are prohibited): a) Bonds issued by Stanislaus County or by a department, board agency or authority of Stanislaus County. b) United States (U.S.) notes, bonds, bills or certificates of indebtedness or those for which the faith and credit of the U.S. are pledged for the payment of principal and interest. 3 Stanislaus County Treasury Pool Investment Policy April 1, 2011 AUTHORIZED INVESTMENTS (Continued) c) California State registered warrants, treasury notes or bonds d) California local agency bonds, notes, warrants or other indebtedness and the California State Local Agency Investment Fund (LAIF). e) Obligations issued by banks for cooperatives, federal land banks, federal intermediate credit banks, federal home loan banks, the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) Board, the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC), issuances or guaranteed instruments, and obligations of U.S. federal agencies or a U.S. government-sponsored enterprise. Investment in Small Business Administration (SBA) notes is prohibited. f) Bankers' Acceptances (BAs) which are eligible for purchase by the Federal Reserve System and which do not have a maturity date longer than 180 days from the settlement date. At the time of investment, no more than 40% of the Pool may be invested in BAs with a maximum 20% of the Pool in BAs of one commercial bank. g) Commercial paper (CP) of "prime" quality (rated A-1 by Moody, P-1 by Standard and Poor's Corporation or F-1 by Fitch) of a U.S. corporation having assets in excess of $500,000,000 and a long term debt rating of "A" or higher. The maturity date may not exceed 180 days from the settlement date nor represent more than 10% of the total outstanding CP issuance of the corporation. No more than 15% of the Pool may be invested in CP unless the dollar weighted average maturity is 31 days or less in which case the total invested may be 30% of the Pool. Commercial Paper must be 3(a)3 only, no 144a paper and not be split rated below A-1, P-1 or F-1. h) Negotiable certificates of deposit (NCDs) issued by a nationally or state chartered bank or state licensed branch of a foreign bank. No more than 30% of the Pool may be invested in NCDs with no more than 5% of the Pool invested in any one bank's NCD. i) Repurchase agreements (REPOs) with an approved broker/dealer of any security authorized by Government Code section 53601 with a market value of 102% of the agreement and a term of not more than 90 days. Reverse repurchase agreements are prohibited. 4 Stanislaus County Treasury Pool Investment Policy April 1, 2011 AUTHORIZED INVESTMENTS (Continued) j) Medium Term Notes (MTNs) of U. S. corporations or depository institutions which have maturities of five years or less from the settlement date. The notes must be rated "A" or higher by Standard and Poor’s (or other equivalent rating). No more than 30% of the Pool shall be invested in MTNs with no more than 5% of the Pool invested in the MTNs of any one corporation at the time of the investment. All MTNs must be non-callable. No investment shall be made in private placement MTNs or MTNs with split ratings below a Standard and Poor’s rating of A- or its equivalent. k) Diversified management company shares (mutual fund/MF) which invest in instruments authorized in Government Code section 53601 (a) to (l) inclusive. The company must have the highest rating by two of three recognized rating agencies or have an investment adviser registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) with at least five years of experience investing in securities authorized by Government Code section 53601 (a) to (m) inclusive and with assets under management in excess of $500,000,000. At the time of MF shares purchase no more than 15% of the Pool may be invested in these securities with no more than 5% in any one mutual fund. l) Certificates of Deposit (CDs) in banks which are 110% collateralized by the institution with government securities. At the time of investment, no more than 5% of the Pool may be invested in any one bank's CDs. NON-AUTHORIZED INVESTMENTS a) Investment in securities which are commonly referred to as "derivatives" such as interest only strips on mortgage pools, options, puts, inverse floaters or other speculative investments are prohibited. 5 Stanislaus County Treasury Pool Investment Policy April 1, 2011 REPORTING REQUIREMENTS A monthly report shall be prepared by the Treasurer no later than 30 days following the end of the monthly reporting period. A copy of the report will be forwarded to Committee members, and the Treasurer will maintain a file of their acceptance. The report will be forwarded to the Board of Supervisors for final review and acceptance. The report will be provided through the web site. The monthly report shall include: - A concise management summary of Pool activity and position rendered with statements of review and reconciliation with custodial records, source of market valuation, ability to meet next six (6) month's expenditures and for compliance with this Policy by the Treasurer and Board of Supervisors' approval. - A detailed listing of securities held at the end of the month grouped by investment type (e.g. BA, CD, CP) and delineated as follows: - - Issuing agency (e.g. U.S. Government, FNMA, GE Capital) Date purchased (settlement date) Date of maturity Par Value Book Value Market value Stated rate (coupon rate) Yield-to-Maturity Days-to-Maturity A detailed listing of security transactions during the report period (purchases, sales and maturities) grouped by investment type and to include the following: - Date of transaction Issuing agency (e.g. U.S. Government, FNMA, GE Capital) Purchase, Deposit, Sale, Maturity or Withdrawal Amount Stated rate (coupon rate) A summary of Pool position by investment type dollar amount, percentage of total portfolio and average weighted maturity showing compliance with Policy limitations. A summary by investment type of purchases and sales/maturities and ending position. 6 Stanislaus County Treasury Pool Investment Policy April 1, 2011 ANNUAL AUDIT An annual audit shall be conducted to insure that investment transactions are in compliance with Law and this Policy. The audit shall be supervised by a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) who shall render an opinion to the Committee. The opinion shall be forwarded to the Board of Supervisors for review and acceptance. The selection of the CPA shall be by the Stanislaus County Auditor-Controller as a Committee member. INVESTMENT POOL EXPENSES The expenses of administration of the Pool shall be borne by all depositors by the utilization of investment earnings to offset the costs. Total costs shall not exceed 25 basis points (0.25%) of the average Pool daily balance for any fiscal year. Costs include normal Treasury costs for staff and support services in the areas of handling, safekeeping and depositing monies received; investment transactions and custodial safekeeping of securities; bank services; accounting, reporting and auditing of deposit and investment transactions; informational and educational materials and services related to financial markets, investments and individual business and governmental entities' financial condition; and other duties and costs related to the management of Pool funds. Appropriate costs normally charged as "Treasury/org 30400" on the Stanislaus County Auditor-Controller's records will incorporate and clearly define the Pool expenses. 7 Stanislaus County Treasury Pool Investment Policy April 1, 2011 AGENCIES' VOLUNTARY DEPOSITING AND WITHDRAWAL "Voluntary" agency depositing is discouraged due to the potential volatility of depositing and withdrawal, which may occur. The Pool is designed as an operating fund for Stanislaus County and entities, which are required to deposit by Law or have historically utilized the efficiencies of the Treasury by Law. Only those agencies which use the Treasury for operational purposes due to their ties to Stanislaus County departmental functions, area schools or special public districts and are either required or allowed to deposit funds in the County Treasury are allowed to be participants in the Pool. Withdrawals from the Pool for investment purposes outside of the Pool by non-County member agencies may be done if the following conditions are met: - - The agency has provided the Treasurer with legal authority that it can invest funds outside of the Pool The agency shows evidence of maintaining a minimum cash balance of one month’s normal payroll expenditures for 30 days prior to the date of request as verified by the Stanislaus County Auditor-Controller The agency withdraws a minimum of $1,000,000 and will continue to maintain its Pool cash balance of one month’s normal payroll costs The agency makes its request in writing signed by an authorized representative of the agency's board on a form provided by the Treasurer The agency must allow two business days for each five million dollar or increment thereof which is being withdrawn (e.g. a $15,000,000 withdrawal would require that the Treasurer receive a completed request form with appropriate signatures and verifications 6 business days before the funds are released) If the withdrawing agency's Pool cash balance falls below one month’s payroll expense, the Treasurer may demand that funds be retrieved to restore the Pool cash balance to such level. Reinvestment of funds from external investments (e.g. California State Local Agency Investment Fund) may be done without the above procedures. The Treasurer’s Office may verify telephonically with the Auditor’s Office that the agency has one month’s payroll expenditures as cash in the Pool exclusive of the redemption of the external investment funds. 8 Stanislaus County Treasury Pool Investment Policy April 1, 2011 AGENCIES' VOLUNTARY DEPOSITING AND WITHDRAWAL (Continued) The agency's request may be denied or delayed if multiple requests are received or abnormally high disbursements are experienced by the Pool resulting in unusual demands for cash outflow. Any agency request, which results in an immediate liquidation of investment securities at a loss, will only be honored after the agency has acknowledged and approved to bear the loss incurred. No request can be honored which will adversely affect the stability and predictability of the investments in the Pool. INVESTMENT EARNINGS APPORTIONMENT AND RATE Beginning July 1, 2001, the Pool’s investment earnings shall be apportioned by the following method. The investment earnings which have been received in cash and accumulated from the beginning to the end of each calendar quarter shall be apportioned to each cash balance account maintained within the Pool. The apportionment of earnings to any particular cash balance account will be in direct proportion of that account’s average daily cash balance to the entire Pool’s average daily cash balance for that same quarter. For example, if the earnings received for the quarter ending March 31 were $5,000,000, and if the County General Fund’s average daily cash balance were $10,000,000 and if the entire Pool’s average daily cash balance were $500,000,000, then the amount of earnings to apportion to the County’s General Fund would be $100,000 (calculated as $5,000,000 x $10,000,000/$500,000,000). Cash balance accounts shall be maintained in and earnings apportionment shall be performed by the Stanislaus County Auditor-Controller’s Office. The cash earnings apportionment rate is calculated as the investment earnings received in cash for the quarter divided by the average daily cash balance for the entire Pool times four (4). In the above example, the cash earnings apportionment rate is 4% ($5,000,000 / $500,000,000 x 4). EXEMPTIONS AND AMENDMENTS Any investment currently held prior to the adoption of changes to the Investment policy that does not meet the newly revised guidelines of this Policy shall be exempted from the requirements of this policy. Upon that investment's maturity or liquidation, the monies received shall be invested in accordance with this Policy. This Policy shall be reviewed on an annual basis. Any changes must be prepared by the Treasurer, reviewed and approved for propriety by the Committee and approved by the Stanislaus County Board of Supervisors. 9 Stanislaus County Treasury Pool Investment Policy April 1, 2011 GLOSSARY Bankers' Acceptance (BA): A draft or bill or exchange accepted by a bank or trust company. The accepting institution guarantees payment of the bill, as well as the issuer. Broker: A broker brings buyers and sellers together for a commission. Certificate of Deposit (CD): A time deposit with a specific maturity evidenced by a certificate. Large denomination CDs are typically negotiable. Collateral: Securities, evidence of deposit or other property, which a borrower pledges to secure repayment of a loan. Also securities pledged by a bank to secure public money deposits. Coupon: The annual rate of interest that a bond issuer promises to pay the bondholder on the bond's face (or par) value. Dealer: A dealer acts as a principal in all transactions, buying and selling for his own account. Delivery Versus Payment: The delivery of securities with an exchange of money for the securities. Derivatives: Financial instruments with return profiles linked to or derived from the movement of one or more underlying indices or securities. These instruments may include a leveraging factor. Also they include financial contracts based on notional amounts the value of which are derived from underlying indices or securities (such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equities or commodities). Diversification: Dividing investment funds among a variety of securities offering independent returns. Federal Credit Agencies: Agencies of the Federal government set up to supply credit to various classes of institutions (e.g. small business firms, farmers, farm cooperatives and exporters). Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLB): Government sponsored wholesale banks (currently 12 regional banks) which lend funds and provide correspondent banking services to member commercial banks, thrift institutions, credit unions and insurance companies. The mission of the FHLBs is to liquefy the housing related assets of its members who must purchase stock in their district Bank. Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA): FNMA was chartered under the Federal National Association Act in 1938 and is a federal corporation working under the auspices of the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). FNMA is the largest single provider of residential mortgage funds in the U.S. FNMA is a corporation. The corporation's purchases include a variety of adjustable mortgages and second loans, in addition to fixed-rate mortgages. FNMA's securities are highly liquid and widely accepted. FNMA assumes and guarantees that all security holders will receive timely payment of principal and interest. Liquid Asset: A liquid asset is one that can be converted easily and rapidly into cash without a short-term substantial loss in value. Liquid securities have a narrow spread between bid and asked prices at reasonable sizes. Stanislaus County Treasury Pool Investment Policy April 1, 2011 A GLOSSARY (Continued) Local Agency Investment Fund: The California pool of local agency assets, which is managed by the State Treasurer. Limits apply to each agency's deposit of general fund reserves, however no limits on amount of deposit apply to bond proceeds. Funds are still quite liquid in this pool. Market Value: The price at which a security is trading and could presumably be purchased or sold. Master Repurchase Agreement: A written contract covering all future transactions between the parties to a repurchase agreement which establishes each party's rights in the transactions. Maturity: The date upon which the principal or stated value of an investment becomes due and payable. Money Market: The market in which short term debt instruments (Bills, CP, BAs, etc.,) are issued and traded. Negotiable CD (Certificate of Deposit): A large denomination time deposit with a specific maturity evidenced by a certificate. These are traded like other fixed income securities. (see also “Certificate of Deposit”) Portfolio: Collection of securities held by an investor. Primary Dealer: A group of government securities dealers who submit daily reports of market activity and positions and monthly financial statements to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and are subject to its informal oversight. Primary dealers include Securities and Exchange (SEC)registered securities broker-dealers, banks and a few unregulated firms. Repurchase Agreement (REPO): A holder of securities sells these securities to an investor with an agreement to repurchase the securities at a fixed price on a fixed date. The security buyer in effect lends to the security seller cash money for the period of the agreement and the terms of the agreement are structured to compensate the security buyer for this transaction. Safekeeping: A service rendered by banks for a fee whereby securities and valuables of all types and descriptions are held in the bank's vaults for protection. Secondary Market: The trading arena of securities subsequent to the initial distribution of those securities. Securities and Exchange Commission: The Federal Agency created by Congress to protect investors in security transactions by administering securities legislation. Structured Notes: Notes issued by government sponsored enterprises (such as FHLB and FNMA) and corporations which have imbedded options (e.g. call features, step-up coupons, floating rate coupons, derivative-based returns) into their debt structure. The securities market performance is impacted by the fluctuation of interest rates, the volatility of the imbedded options and shifts in the shape of the overall yield curve. Stanislaus County Treasury Pool Investment Policy April 1, 2011 B GLOSSARY (Continued) Treasury Bills: A non-interest bearing discount security issued by the U.S. Treasury to finance national debt. Most bills are issued to mature in three (3), six (6) or twelve (12) months. Treasury Bonds: Medium-term interest-bearing U.S. Treasury securities issued as direct obligations of the U.S. Government and having initial maturities from two (2) to ten (10) years. Uniform Net Capital Rule (SEC Rule 15C3-1): SEC requirement that member firms as well as non-member broker-dealers in securities maintain a maximum ratio of indebtedness to liquid capital of fifteen (15) to one (1); also called "net capital rule" and "net capital ratio." Indebtedness covers all money owed to a firm including margin loans and commitments to purchase securities. Liquid capital includes cash and assets easily converted into cash. Yield: The rate of annual income return on an investment expressed as a percentage. Yield to Maturity: The annual rate of return on invested dollars or cash outflow exclusive of transactional interest (including any purchase with a discount or premium) given the stated interest income and maturity value of the investment as the anticipated cash inflows. Stanislaus County Treasury Pool Investment Policy April 1, 2011 C Stanislaus County Treasury Pool Investment Policy April 1, 2011 STANISLAUS COUNTY SHORT-TERM INVESTMENT POOL SUMMARY NOVEMBER 30, 2011 CASHFLOW: BEG. CASH BALANCE RECEIPTS DISBURSEMENTS ENDING CASH BALANCE NOVEMBER 2011 946,626,844.38 181,167,102.41 (172,508,341.56) 955,285,605.23 YTD FY 2012 NOVEMBER 2010 1,063,471,316.50 999,697,454.07 809,812,288.38 195,921,406.26 (917,997,999.65) (177,590,660.25) 955,285,605.23 1,018,028,200.08 YTD FY 2011 1,096,662,485.08 823,887,683.71 (902,521,968.71) 1,018,028,200.08 INTEREST INCOME: INTEREST RECEIVED TREASURY EXPENSE NET DISTRIBUTION NOVEMBER 2011 883,010.71 (47,968.33) 835,042.38 YTD FY 2012 NOVEMBER 2010 3,692,879.09 855,049.51 (239,841.67) (47,968.33) 3,453,037.42 807,081.18 YTD FY 2011 2,599,985.82 (239,841.67) 2,360,144.15 BALANCE - 11/30/2011: CERT. OF DEPOSIT NEGOTIABLE CERT. OF DEPOSIT COMMERCIAL PAPER BANKERS ACCEPTANCES MANAGED FUNDS AGENCIES - COUPON AGENCIES - DISCOUNT TREASURIES - COUPON MEDIUM TERM NOTES CALIFORNIA REVENUE ANTICIPATION NOTES CALIFORNIA GENERAL OBLIGATION BONDS TOTAL INVESTMENTS CASH/BANK BALANCES TOTAL DOLLAR COST 10,000,000.00 40,000,000.00 69,872,916.67 73,934,003.61 50,000,000.00 187,688,021.80 49,895,138.89 211,693,525.71 169,191,439.00 26,971,857.46 11,395,668.79 900,642,571.93 54,643,033.30 955,285,605.23 MARKET VALUE 10,000,000.00 39,767,900.00 69,841,200.00 73,978,490.00 50,092,379.60 191,560,781.90 49,997,300.00 216,223,550.00 168,826,277.50 26,974,170.00 11,198,000.00 908,460,049.00 54,643,033.30 963,103,082.30 MAX INVEST. AS % OF TOTAL 30.00% 30.00% 15.00% 40.00% 30.00% INVESTMENTS MAX DAYS AVG DAYS YTM AS % OF TOTAL TO MATURE TO MATURE 360 EQUIV. 1.11% 1,825 373 0.80% 4.44% 1,825 693 0.70% 7.76% 180 120 0.47% 8.21% 180 41 0.27% 5.55% 1 1 0.38% 20.84% 1,825 543 1.58% 5.54% 1,825 86 0.23% 23.50% 1,825 740 1.32% 18.79% 1,825 331 2.07% 2.99% 1,825 188 0.38% 1.27% 1,825 1,370 1.16% 100.00% 425 1.19% [THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] APPENDIX F DTC AND THE BOOK-ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM The information in numbered paragraphs 1-11 of this Appendix F, concerning The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York ("DTC") and DTC's book-entry system, has been furnished by DTC for use in official statements and the District takes no responsibility for the completeness or accuracy thereof. The District cannot and does not give any assurances that DTC, DTC Participants or Indirect Participants will distribute to the Beneficial Owners (a) payments of interest or principal with respect to the Bonds, (b) certificates representing ownership or other confirmation of ownership in the Bonds, or (c) redemption or other notices sent to DTC or Cede & Co., its nominee, as the registered owner of the Bonds, or that they will so do on a timely basis, or that DTC, DTC Participants or DTC Indirect Participants will act in the manner described in this Appendix. The current "Rules" applicable to DTC are on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission and the current "Procedures" of DTC to be followed in dealing with DTC Participants are on file with DTC. Information Furnished by DTC Regarding its Book-Entry Only System 1. The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), New York, NY, will act as securities depository for the Bonds (the “Securities”). The Securities will be issued as fully-registered securities registered in the name of Cede & Co. (DTC’s partnership nominee) or such other name as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. One fully-registered Security certificate will be issued for each maturity of the Securities in the aggregate principal amount of such maturity, and will be deposited with DTC. If, however, the aggregate principal amount of any issue exceeds $500 million, one certificate will be issued with respect to each $500 million of principal amount, and an additional certificate will be issued with respect to any remaining principal amount of such issue. 2. DTC, the world’s largest securities depository, is a limited-purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law, a “banking organization” within the meaning of the New York Banking Law, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a “clearing corporation” within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code, and a “clearing agency” registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. DTC holds and provides asset servicing for over 3.5 million issues of U.S. and non-U.S. equity issues, corporate and municipal debt issues, and money market instruments (from over 100 countries) that DTC’s participants (“Direct Participants”) deposit with DTC. DTC also facilitates the posttrade settlement among Direct Participants of sales and other securities transactions in deposited securities, through electronic computerized book-entry transfers and pledges between Direct Participants’ accounts. This eliminates the need for physical movement of securities certificates. Direct Participants include both U.S. and non-U.S. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations, and certain other organizations. DTC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation (“DTCC”). DTCC is the holding company for DTC, National Securities Clearing Corporation and Fixed Income Clearing Corporation, all of which are registered clearing agencies. DTCC is owned by the users of its regulated subsidiaries. Access to the DTC system is also available to others such as both U.S. and non-U.S. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, and clearing corporations that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Direct Participant, either directly or indirectly (“Indirect Participants”). DTC has a Standard & Poor’s rating of AA+. The DTC Rules applicable to its Participants are on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission. More information about DTC can be found at www.dtcc.com. 3. Purchases of Securities under the DTC system must be made by or through Direct Participants, which will receive a credit for the Securities on DTC’s records. The ownership interest of each actual purchaser of each Security (“Beneficial Owner”) is in turn to be recorded on the Direct and Indirect Participants’ records. Beneficial Owners will not receive written confirmation from DTC of their purchase. Beneficial Owners are, however, expected to receive written confirmations providing details of the transaction, as well as periodic statements of their holdings, from the Direct or Indirect Participant through which the Beneficial Owner entered into the transaction. Transfers of ownership interests in the Securities are to be accomplished by F-1 entries made on the books of Direct and Indirect Participants acting on behalf of Beneficial Owners. Beneficial Owners will not receive certificates representing their ownership interests in Securities, except in the event that use of the book-entry system for the Securities is discontinued. 4. To facilitate subsequent transfers, all Securities deposited by Direct Participants with DTC are registered in the name of DTC’s partnership nominee, Cede & Co., or such other name as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. The deposit of Securities with DTC and their registration in the name of Cede & Co. or such other DTC nominee do not effect any change in beneficial ownership. DTC has no knowledge of the actual Beneficial Owners of the Securities; DTC’s records reflect only the identity of the Direct Participants to whose accounts such Securities are credited, which may or may not be the Beneficial Owners. The Direct and Indirect Participants will remain responsible for keeping account of their holdings on behalf of their customers. 5. Conveyance of notices and other communications by DTC to Direct Participants, by Direct Participants to Indirect Participants, and by Direct Participants and Indirect Participants to Beneficial Owners will be governed by arrangements among them, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in effect from time to time. Beneficial Owners of Securities may wish to take certain steps to augment the transmission to them of notices of significant events with respect to the Securities, such as redemptions, tenders, defaults, and proposed amendments to the Security documents. For example, Beneficial Owners of Securities may wish to ascertain that the nominee holding the Securities for their benefit has agreed to obtain and transmit notices to Beneficial Owners. In the alternative, Beneficial Owners may wish to provide their names and addresses to the registrar and request that copies of notices be provided directly to them. 6. Redemption notices shall be sent to DTC. If less than all of the Securities within a maturity are being redeemed, DTC’s practice is to determine by lot the amount of the interest of each Direct Participant in such maturity to be redeemed. 7. Neither DTC nor Cede & Co. (nor any other DTC nominee) will consent or vote with respect to Securities unless authorized by a Direct Participant in accordance with DTC’s MMI Procedures. Under its usual procedures, DTC mails an Omnibus Proxy to the District as soon as possible after the record date. The Omnibus Proxy assigns Cede & Co.’s consenting or voting rights to those Direct Participants to whose accounts Securities are credited on the record date (identified in a listing attached to the Omnibus Proxy). 8. Redemption proceeds, distributions and dividend payments on the Securities will be made to Cede & Co., or such other nominee as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. DTC’s practice is to credit Direct Participants’ accounts upon DTC’s receipt of funds and corresponding detail information from the District or the Paying Agent, on payable date in accordance with their respective holdings shown on DTC’s records. Payments by Participants to Beneficial Owners will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in “street name,” and will be the responsibility of such Participant and not of DTC, the Paying Agent, or the District, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in effect from time to time. Payment of principal, redemption price and interest payments to Cede & Co. (or such other nominee as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC) is the responsibility of the District or the Paying Agent, disbursement of such payments to Direct Participants will be the responsibility of DTC, and disbursement of such payments to the Beneficial Owners will be the responsibility of Direct and Indirect Participants. 9. If applicable, a Beneficial Owner shall give notice to elect to have its Securities purchased or tendered, through its Participant, to tender/remarketing agent, and shall effect delivery of such Securities by causing the Direct Participant to transfer the Participant’s interest in the Securities, on DTC’s records, to tender/remarketing gent. The requirement for physical delivery of Securities in connection with an optional tender or a mandatory purchase will be deemed satisfied when the ownership rights in the Securities are transferred by Direct Participants on DTC’s records and followed by a book-entry credit of tendered Securities to tender/remarketing agent’s DTC account. 10. DTC may discontinue providing its services as depository with respect to the Securities at any time by giving reasonable notice to the District or the Paying Agent. Under such circumstances, in the event that a successor depository is not obtained, Security certificates are required to be printed and delivered. F-2 11. The District may decide to discontinue use of the system of book-entry-only transfers through DTC (or a successor securities depository). In that event, Security certificates will be printed and delivered to DTC. F-3