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to the SmartWeight Tire Training Presentation
HUNTER Engineering Company New Wheel Balancing Method Based In Absolute Force Calculations Eliminating Significant Operating Costs and Improving the Dynamic Balance by Revisiting Wheel Balancing Basics “This Changes Everything….Except the Same Smooth Ride” SLIDE 1 What is SmartWeight™? • SmartWeight is a very basic yet revolutionary and patented concept which changes the way wheels are balanced. • For almost 30 years, all balancers have calculated imbalance the same way. SmartWeight is a completely new wheel balancing method. It is not merely based on correction weight reduction to ‘zeroes’, but is based in absolute force correction and the optimal use of correction weight to eliminate vibration. • SmartWeight reduces the significant operating expense of wasted correction weight and the unnecessary labor time spent attaching weight which is not needed. It also improves balancing results and solves vibration problems. This sounds impossible, but it can be proven on any vehicle. Try it! • SmartWeight is the first balancing business case which exclusively reduces balancing service costs and increases profit margins. This new capability is unlike any wheel balancer ever introduced. SLIDE 2 SmartWeight Reviewed by OEMs and Tire Manufacturers * BMW North America Montvale, NJ * Bridgestone Firestone USA Akron, OH and Nashville, TN * Cooper Tire Company Findley, OH * Daimler-Chrysler AG Detroit, MI * Ford Motor Company Detroit, MI * General Motors Corporation Milford Proving Grounds * Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Akron, OH * Honda America Motor Company Torrence, CA * HUMMER/Ricardo Detroit Tech Campus, Inc. Van Buren Twp, MI * Hyundai Motor America Fountain Valley * Mazda North America Operations Irvine, CA * Mercedes Benz Germany & North America * Michelin North America Greeneville, SC * Micro Poise / Akron Standard-ITW Akron, OH * Nissan USA Torrence, CA * Roush Industries Detroit, MI * Toyo Tires USA Cypress, CA * Toyota USA Torrence, CA * Volkswagen-Audi Germany & North America * Volvo North America Rockleigh, NJ SLIDE 3 Wheel Balancing – Yesterday Current Wheel Balancing Issues Traditional computerized “dynamic” wheel balancing has remained basically unchanged for 30 years. To understand why it has become outdated, take a look at the type of wheels and tires that existed when computerized “dynamic” wheel balancers were introduced. The average types of wheels balanced in the 70’s and 80’s were: • 13”-15” diameter and 5.0”-7.0” wide. • Virtually all balanced with clip-weight wheel flange correction. • All about the same average tire size and similar weight. • Balanced with uncoated lead correction weight with very low cost. SLIDE 4 Wheel Balancing – Today …..today the types of tire and wheel applications have proliferated. • Wheels diameters range from 13” to 30”. The wheel widths now vary from 5.0” to over 15” wide. • Tire sizes and assembly weight varies dramatically and are now heavier which increases the amount of balance weight required. • Flangeless wheel designs are proliferating. Rim flanges are no longer used for correction weight, thus creating smaller distances apart from each weight which dramatically increases the amount of weight when making ‘couple’ balancing correction. Tires and wheels today have changed dramatically, and so have the technical requirements required to balance them properly. Until SmartWeight, the same dynamic balancing calculations have been used in balancers which were introduced in the 70’s and 80’s when these types of wheels did not exist. SLIDE 5 Wheel Balancing – Today • Many styles of clip-weight and expensive adhesive tape weights continue to proliferate due to changing wheel designs and minimal industry standardization. • Cost of wheel weights are quickly becoming much more expensive. Lead material costs have increased +50% since mid-2004. When balanced, the average vehicle contains at least eight wheel weights. • Lead usage is quickly becoming restricted and the alternative materials such as Zinc, steel and sintered polymers are much more costly to do the same job. SLIDE 6 Wheel Balancing Facts Current Wheel Balancing Issues The average tire dealer: • Uses well over 2000 pounds of balance weight per year. • Spends well over $10,000.00 on balance weight per year. • Is unable to adjust quickly to the rising costs and therefore the cost increases are eroding profit margins. • Often adds the price of a wheel balance into the cost of the tire sale, regardless of tire-wheel application.. Circle-Bar Tire Service SLIDE 7 Wheel Balancing Facts A wheel balancer operator: • Often wastes materials by using too much correction weight. • Often wastes time by encountering repeated check spins in order to get the balanced wheel to “zero out”. • Often risks comebacks due to incorrect assumptions created by the balancer software which hides residual imbalance when the balancer reads “zero”. • Often finds ways to defeat the dynamic balancing functions and unknowingly performs a poor service by static balancing alone. SLIDE 8 Changing (Understanding CurrentIncorrect WheelAssumptions Balancing Issues SmartWeight) Correction Weight Commonly Confused with Imbalance Forces Many incorrectly consider imbalance in terms of correction weight which is independent of its location on the wheel, instead of the actual static and couple forces. As the forces remain constant, the size of the imbalance weight changes as the weight locations are moved to different distances and diameters. Static and couple forces are viewed with bar graphs. The dotted red lines are the threshold at which the forces will cause a vibration. SLIDE 9 Changing Incorrect Assumptions (Understanding SmartWeight) Correction Weight Commonly Confused with Imbalance Forces Static Correction Weight & Static Force Its important to understand that small changes in weight make large and significant changes in the static force. As a result, small amounts of static correction weight greatly affect the level of vibration felt inside the vehicle. …….. correction weight of the imbalance changes in distance and/or diameter by relocating them to a new position on the wheel. The two forces of the imbalance are constant if the… SLIDE 10 Changing Incorrect Assumptions (Understanding SmartWeight) Correction Weight Commonly Confused with Imbalance Forces Couple Correction Weight & Couple Force Unlike static correction weight, when couple correction weight is placed close together, large changes in couple weight create small changes in the couple force. As a result, large amounts of couple correction weight placed close together (equal sized weights placed 180º apart) have little effect on the level of vibration felt inside the vehicle. …….. correction weight of the imbalance changes in distance and/or diameter. The two forces of the imbalance are constant as the… SLIDE 11 Changing Incorrect Assumptions (Understanding SmartWeight) Before SmartWeight, all computer balancer’s used the logic of “fixed correction weight rounding” which was designed to eliminate all static and couple forces regardless of the force’s magnitude. This is not wrong, however because the rounding was fixed and often the weights are now closer together, large amounts of ‘couple’ correction weight are often unnecessarily added to the wheel when the couple force is insignificant and will not cause a vibration. The logic of “fixed correction weight rounding” and treating both forces with equal importance results in lost labor time and wasted wheel weight while it attempts to eliminate inconsequential forces that are not great enough to cause a vibration when placed on a vehicle. SLIDE 12 Wheel Balancing – Current ProblemsIssues Current Wheel Balancing Shown in the two examples below, the same wheel balanced one time shows two different weight readings based on the varying weight locations chosen. The balancer display shows ‘zero’ weight at the clip-weight locations. When the weight locations are changed to adhesive tape-on weight locations much closer together, the balancer then recalculates huge amounts of weight required. This is a “riddle” that frustrates many operators, wastes weight and also makes the balancer unnecessarily ‘hyper-sensitive” to tape-weight use. Assuming the wheel on the left is properly balanced with clip-weight, then why does the same wheel on the right require two additional weights which are approximately equal and 180º apart ? The answer is the traditional balancing weight shown is not needed, a waste of labor time and a waste of correction weight. SLIDE 13 Traditional Wheel Balancing Issues Fixed Weight Rounding Assigned to Each Balancer Plane Can Hide Excessive Residual Static Imbalance When correction weights used to balance each plane are used near the same phase angle and the balance correction is rounded to “zero”, a blinded static residual error may remain hidden and create a vibration on the vehicle. Residual Dynamic Display After Correction Residual Static Display After Same Correction The balancer showing ‘zero’ weight required is traditional two plane weight ‘rounding’ and hiding residual imbalance. The same balance shows hidden residual static weight which is too high and can cause vehicle vibration and NVH complaints. SLIDE 14 Traditional Correction Weight vs. Force Limitations Wheel balancers have measured the imbalance forces of the wheel since the 1970’s, but have not utilized them efficiently because: – Limitation #1 - Wheel balancers before SmartWeight placed no limits on the forces of couple (shimmy) and static (shake). No threshold has been placed on the actual imbalance forces independently of each other measured in the tire and wheel. – Limitation #2 - Equal importance has been improperly placed on couple and static imbalance forces. Equal importance is not necessary. Example: All vehicles tolerate more than a 4:1 ratio of couple to static correction weight (based on reference wheel of 15”x6” wheel at clip-weight locations) without vibration complaints. – Limitation #3 - All wheel balancers before SmartWeight have applied a fixed weight tolerance to the correction weight regardless of the weight location chosen; instead of placing limits on the imbalance forces and adjusting the weight tolerance as needed. SLIDE 15 What is SmartWeight™ Balancing? New “Corrected” Logic of SmartWeight 1. This new method of balancing computes correction weight based on the absolute static (shake) and absolute couple (shimmy) forces independently of each other. 2. This new method of balancing computes independent force limits based on the amount of imbalance forces which are known to induce excessive vibration on the vehicle. The force limits are set below the most sensitive guidelines as specified by the vehicle manufacturers. SLIDE 16 What is SmartWeight™ Balancing? 3. In addition to traditional correction weight rounding, all SmartWeight force limits and thresholds are accessible and programmable, however the preset factory default works well on even the most sensitive vehicles. 4. Force limits can be adjusted up or down automatically during the spin and are based on the mass (inertia) of the tire/wheel during the balance spin. This eliminates having to artificially raise correction weight rounding and performs a better dynamic correction. (Excessive residual static error is commonly encountered in truck wheel balancing due to correction weight rounding) 5. Using the default settings of SmartWeight, over 30% of wheels balanced will shift from a two plane dynamic correction to a single plane dynamic correction. This saves time while audits and reduces the couple force while optimizing the complete cancellation of static force. SLIDE 17 What is SmartWeight™ Balancing? The New “Corrected” Logic of SmartWeight • SmartWeight audits each vibration force in the same manner the vehicle manufacturers calculate the individual effects and thresholds of static and couple forces. • SmartWeight correction weight reduces the couple force and virtually eliminates the static force. It does not merely display correction weight which is designed to cancel both forces regardless of magnitude and importance to vehicle vibration. • Traditional fixed weight rounding is obsolete and use of correction weight alone ignores the differing effects on static and couple forces. SmartWeight adjusts the weight rounding and amount based to reduce or eliminate each force independently. • A simple way to explain SmartWeight is "if the two balance forces which cause a vibration are not exceeded, then the correction weight is not needed.” SLIDE 18 What is SmartWeight™ Balancing? This is the first computerized off-car balancer introduced which displays a bar graph representation of actual static and couple forces independent of correction weight dimension entry. SLIDE 19 Traditional Balancing vs. SmartWeight™ Balancing SLIDE 20 Traditional Balancing vs. SmartWeight™ Balancing Traditional Displays SmartWeight™ Display Fixed correction weight “rounding” to “zero” and the fixed “round-off” mode are no longer needed with SmartWeight. SLIDE 21 Traditional Balancing vs. SmartWeight™ Balancing Traditional Displays SmartWeight™ Displays Assuming the wheel balanced to “zero” with clip-weights as shown, why does the same balance with tape-on weight require two additional weights when the dimensions are changed? This illustrates the problem with 30 year old traditional balancing methods used on today’s wheels. In SmartWeight mode with the wheel balanced in clip-weight mode, it is also balanced in the tapeweight mode because the forces have remain unchanged and are below tolerance. SLIDE 22 SmartWeight ™ Balancing Limits Current Wheel Balancing Issues This setup screen shows the traditional Non-SmartWeight fixed ‘blind or rounding’ versus the SmartWeight method that no longer uses fixed values and correction weight alone. The actual forces are independently analyzed and correction weight is assigned to resolve each force individually. SLIDE 23 SmartWeight ™ Weight Savings Current Wheel Balancing Issues SLIDE 24 SmartWeight™ Balancing • Significantly Save on Rising Wheel Weight Costs • Significantly Reduce Labor Costs • Significantly Increase Balancer Ease of Use • Eliminate Short Cuts that Affect Balance Quality • Perform a Better Overall Balance SmartWeight™ is the Smarter Way to Balance Wheels HUNTER Engineering Company 11250 Hunter Drive Bridgeton, MO 63044-2391 USA 314.731.0000 www.weightsaver.com www.hunter.com SLIDE 25
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