Coulbourn Catalog - 2005.indd

Transcription

TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S
We are pleased to present our
latest collection of behavioral
testing systems designed to
meet a broad range of applications.
Should you have needs not addressed in this catalog, please
give us a call, we’ll be glad to
assist you.
Be sure to visit coulbourn.com
for the very latest information on
our extensive line of products.
THE HABITEST SYSTEM
System Introduction
ARENAS
Test Cages
Shuttle Cages
Hubs & Runways
Running Wheel and Nest Box
S-R MODULES
General Information
Visual Stimuli
Auditory Stimuli
Shockers
Gustatory Stimuli—Liquid Feeders
Gustatory Stimuli—Dry Feeders
Olfactory Stimuli
Ergometric Activity
RESPONSE SENSORS
Photocell Response Sensors
Fixed Response Levers
Nose Poke Operandum
Bird Pecking Keys
Retractable Levers
Optical Lickometer
Contact Sensor
IR Ceiling Mount Activity Monitor
Ceiling Chain
ACCESSORIES
INFUSION PUMPS
EXPERIMENT CONTROL
Control and Data Acquisition Hardware
Graphic State Notation Software
READY-TO-RUN PACKAGES
VIDEO BASED BEHAVIORAL SYSTEMS
2–3
4–5
6–7
8–9
10
11
12
13
14–15
16
17
18
19
20
20
20
21
21
21
22
22
23
23
24
25–26
27–28
29
30-31
TRU SCAN PHOTOBEAM ACTIVITY SYSTEM
Arenas & Rings
Nose Poke
Shock Floor
Floors, Light/Dark Box & Accessories
Tru Scan Interface
Tru Scan Software
HOME CAGE ACTIVITY SYSTEM
32
33
33
33
34
34-35
Activity monitoring system
36
ClockLab 2
37
PORTABLE PHYSIOLOGY PLATFORM - P3
38
ANIMAL ACOUSTIC STARTLE SYSTEM
Environment & Interface
Startle Software
39-40
41
ACCESSORIES FOR ALL BEHAVIORAL SYSTEMS
Stimulators
Resistive Bridge Transducer Monitor
Catheter Swivels & Harnesses
Tone/White Noise Generator
Auxiliary Relay
AC Device Controller
Coulbourn Precision Pellets
Cobalt Computers
42
43
43
44
44
44
45
46-48
TRADEMARKS
LabLinc® is a registered trademark of Coulbourn Instruments, Tru Scan® is a registered trademark of Coulbourn Instruments,
Graphic State™ is a trademark of Coulbourn Instruments, Habitest™ is a trademark of Coulbourn Instruments, Teflon® is a
registered trademark of E.I. DuPont Nemours and Company., Velcro® is a registered trademark of Velcro Industries,
B.V., Vivak® is a registered trademark of Sheffield Plastics, Inc., Windows® is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
Coulbourn Instruments
7462 Penn Drive
Allentown, PA 18106
610-395-3771 telephone
610-391-1333 facsimile
coulbourn com
INTRODUCTION TO THE HABITEST SYSTEM
Mouse Test Cage set up for
operant conditioning
Rat Passive
Avoidance cage
Feeder remotely located from the task area
using a Runway and a Square Hub
3-arm radial or “Y” maze set up
for olfactory discrimination
8-Arm radial maze with
automated guillotine doors
and feeders
2
Rat Test Cage set up to simultaneously monitor
feeding, drinking and activity
No wiring is necessary; modules plug into
environmental connection board (ECB)
HABITEST is designed to make
it possible to implement most behavioral test protocols in a
single system of modular test
arenas using modular stimulus and
Modules slip into tracks for quick installation
response devices. Applications
span the gamut including mazes
and runways, operant conditioning,
spatial activity, ergometry, active
and passive avoidance, fear conditioning, place preference, feeding
and drinking and many more.
With HABITEST you can make
Floors and drop pans slide out for cleaning
an endless variety of test environ-
Our LabLinc Interface uses
ments - from simple mazes to
the sophisticated, user-friendly
complex, multi-compartment feed-
Graphic State Notation software
ing and drinking, operant, and live/
program for experiment control
work environments. You can save
and data acquisition.
a lot of money with HABITEST because you can take a system apart
and use it for an entirely different
experiment in just minutes.
In the “take-and-replace” feeding protocol, photocells on a pellet trough sense pellet
removal and cause the feeder to automatically
dispense a replacement and record the time
3
ARENAS – TEST CAGES
Rat Test Cage set up for a complex procedure
MODULAR TEST CAGES
H10-11M-TC Mouse Test Cage
H10-11R-TC Rat Test Cage
The Modular Test Cages are designed for
use in the most complex and demanding
research applications. Both types feature
3 S-R module bays on each side of the
cage for a total of 6. Each bay holds 8
module-height units. Modules for the
mouse version are narrower than those
used in the rat version. The test cages
are taller than the hubs. The rat cage accommodates pigeons, larger rodents and
squirrel monkeys.
For convenience in cleaning, the cage
floor and drop pan are easily removed.
They simply snap off and slide out. A single connector disconnects the shock cable
from the shockable floors so that the floor
may be removed and replaced in seconds.
(Photo to the right).
Cages include a single drop pan. Order
a Shock or Non-Shock Floor Separately.
Order blank modules to fill the cage.
MOUSE & other small animals:
DIMENSIONS: 7” W x 7” D x 12” H
MODEL NUMBERS:
H10-11M-TC
MOUSE TEST CAGE
H10-11M-TC-DP DROP PAN (extra)
H10-11M-TC-IS
Infusion and Stimulation
Option (includes
BALANCE ARM Module H29-01M)
FLOORS (purchase separately)
H10-11M-TC-NSF NON-SHOCK FLOOR
H10-11M-TC-SF
SHOCK FLOOR
RAT, Pigeon & Small Primates:
MODEL NUMBERS:
H10-11R-TC
RAT TEST CAGE
H10-11R-TC-DP
DROP PAN (extra)
H10-11R-TC-IS
Infusion and Stimulation
Option (Includes
BALANCE ARM Module H29-01R)
FLOORS (purchase separately)
H10-11R-TC-NSF NON-SHOCK FLOOR
H10-11R-TC-SF
4
SHOCK FLOOR
Although originally designed for operant
conditioning, these cages can also be
used for feeding and drinking, lick suppression (Vogel procedure), general activity monitoring, conditioned suppression
(fear conditioning and freezing) and many
other standard procedures.
S-R module connections are made quickly
with telephone type connectors to the
Environment Connection Boards supplied
with the HABITEST Linc interface modules.
Test cages may be connected to the hubs,
running wheel, or other cages using runways. Runways may also be used to place
reinforcement devices away from the rest
of the S-R modules.
Both test cages may be fitted with an optional non-shock, expanded metal floor or
a grid shock floor.
Cages accept the H20-95 photocell sensors to detect the animal’s presence in the
cage when runways are used to connect
the cage to other arenas.
Non-shock floor
Stimulus-Response modules slip into the bay
tracks . . .
. . . and plug into the environment connection
board (ECB)
Drop pan slides out for quick cleaning or
replacement between subjects
Take-and-replace pellet setup with optical lickometer for automatic recording of feeding and
drinking
Quick-disconnect shock floor makes cleaning a snap
Cubicle will hold a shuttle
or test cage as well as some hub
and runway configurations
Inside dimensions:
ISOLATION CUBICLE
MODEL NUMBER: H10-24 SERIES
These cubicles are designed to isolate
the subject from distracting ambient light,
sound and laboratory activity. It is of sufficient size to hold a cage or hub with a full
complement of stimulus-response modules and feeders.
These cubicles have space for up to two
environment connection boards, ECBs,
on the back wall for connecting the S-R
modules and the Linc control cables.
There is an exhaust fan in the center of the
rear wall. The fan is powered by 28 Volts
from the control interface.
H10-24A - 28” W x 18” D x 19” H
H10-24B - 28” W x 22.7” D x 18.5” H
H10-24C - 42” W x 30” D x 33.4” H
H10-24T - 23” W x 17.7” D x 24” H
Fan: 28 VDC, 70 mA, 7CFM air turnover.
The basic structure of the cubicle is 1-inch
expanded high-density foam core sheet
bonded to high-density sheet and extruded stiffeners.
5
ARENAS – SHUTTLE CAGES
H10-11M-SC Mouse Shuttle Cage
H10-11R-SC Rat Shuttle Cage
SHUTTLE CAGES
Shuttle Cages include 1 Drop Pan,
1 Shock Floor, 2 Photocell Sensor pairs
and 1 barrier/doorway. Order blank
modules to fill the cage (see page 11).
Passive Avoidance Cages also include a
Guillotine Door, Bright Ceiling-mount Light,
a blank panel set and a painted-black left
compartment.
CAGES for MICE, RATS up to
300gms & other small animals:
DIMENSIONS: 14” W x 7” D x 12” H (each
side of the shuttle cage is 7” W)
MODEL NUMBERS:
H10-11M-PA
MOUSE PASSIVE
AVOIDANCE CAGE
H10-11M-SC
MOUSE SHUTTLE
CAGE
H10-11M-XX-DP DROP PAN (extra)
H10-11M-XX-GDA GUILLOTINE DOOR
OPTION
H10-11M-XX-SF
6
SHOCK FLOOR (extra)
CAGES for ADULT RATS,
Guinea Pigs, etc.
(each side of the shuttle cage is 10” W)
MODEL NUMBERS:
H10-11R-PA
RAT PASSIVE
AVOIDANCE CAGE
H10-11R-SC
RAT SHUTTLE CAGE
H10-11R-XX-DP
DROP PAN (extra)
H10-11R-XX-GDA GUILLOTINE DOOR
OPTION
H10-11R-XX-SF
SHOCK FLOOR (extra)
The shuttle cages are patterned after
the modular test cages with full 3-bay
modular walls on each end. Each cage
accepts the stimulus-response modules
of the appropriate size (rat or mouse).
The rat cage also accepts runways, so it
may be joined to hubs and other cages in
the same manner as the rat operant test
cage and the hubs. The module bays, 3 in
each compartment, each accept 8 module
height-units; the same as the standard test
cages.
The rat shuttle is of sufficient size for the
largest rats; a 700-gram animal has no
problem getting through the doorway.
The mouse version of the shuttle cage has
plenty of door clearance for average adult
rats (to 350-grams) and grid spacing small
enough to confine the smallest ambulatory
mice.
Animal transit and position are sensed and
reported by a photocell sensor system.
You may select automatic shock routing to
simplify programming or operate the shock
transfer relays from the environment connection board.
Modular design extends the applications
for these cages beyond simple active or
passive shuttle avoidance. With the addition of stimuli, feeders and response
sensors, the cage is useful for many other
applications. For example, you can use
it as a two-compartment cage for place
preference or operant studies.
Drinking monitors, pellet feeders, olfactant
injectors etc. can be placed in each end
wall.
The optional guillotine doors replace
the open door barrier (supplied with the
cage) separating the two compartments.
They can be installed in seconds with four
screws.
A 28 VDC signal opens the door and holds
it open for the duration of the signal. For
safety, when the signal is removed allowing the door to close, the operating mechanism de-energizes, leaving the door free to
fall. Only the weight of the thin sheet metal
door rests on an animal that may not have
cleared the door.
For convenience in cleaning, the cage
floors and drop pan are removable; they
simply snap off and slide out. A connector
on each end of the grid floor circuit board
disconnects the shock cable from the
shocker so that it may be removed and
replaced in seconds.
The Passive Avoidance models are identical to the Standard Models except for the
permanently blacked-out left compartment.
H10-19-BF SHEET of BLACKOUT FILM
(3 square feet)
Standard shuttle cages may be blackedout using a black, removable “static-cling”
film which you can cut to size. The advantage is that you may remove this film if
you want to use the cage with clear walls
later on. A sheet will fully cover either of
the test cages, one compartment of either
shuttle cage or a long runway.
The Guillotine Door replaces the open-door
barrier supplied with the cage
Drop pans pull out for easy cleaning or changing between subjects
Quick-disconnect cables make it easy . . .
H10-11M-PA Mouse Passive Avoidance Cage
. . . to remove shock floors for cleaning
7
ARENAS – HUBS
Hubs may also be
used for operant or
other applications
HUBS
There are 4 hub styles in the HABITEST
system—a square, a hexagon, an octagon
and a dodecagon, all but the latter available in two sizes. All are built using the
same bay tracks; the vertical bars with
grooves into which the modules slide.
Each bay will hold 6 module height-units.
The 3 smallest hubs may be fitted with
either non-shock or shockable floors. A
lid holds the S/R modules down. You may
use an H29-01R Balance Arm for infusion
and stimulation in a hub (see page 23).
Shock and non-shock floors
The hubs are used primarily for runway
intersections in radial arm, “T,” “Y,”
square and other mazes. The hexagon,
the octagon and the dodecagon however,
are also used as test cages to provide
angular intelligence arrays and to accommodate larger arrays of stimulus and
response modules for complex operant,
memory, multi-choice and other procedures.
Only the 8- and 12-bay models will accommodate the H24-61 Infrared Activity
Monitor on the lid.
H10-35R-04 Square Hub
H10-35R-06 Hexagon Hub
H10-35R-08 Octagon Hub
H10-35R-12 Dodecagon Hub
8-Arm radial maze with
automated guillotine doors
and feeders
Hubs for Rats
Hubs for Mice
Hubs include a single Drop Pan. Order a
Shock or Non-shock Floor separately.
Hubs include a single Drop Pan. Order a
Shock or Non-shock Floor separately.
MODEL NUMBERS:
MODEL NUMBERS:
H10-35R-04
SQUARE HUB
for RATS
H10-35R-04-NSF Non-Shock Floor
H10-35R-04-SF Shock Floor
DIMENSIONS:
4.3” across each bay
H10-35M-04
H10-35R-06
HEXAGON HUB
for RATS
DIMENSIONS:
H10-35M-06
H10-35R-08
OCTAGON HUB
for RATS
DIMENSIONS:
H10-35M-08
H10-35R-XX-DP DROP PAN (extra)
(For -04, -06, and -08
hubs only)
H10-35M-XX-DP DROP PAN (extra)
(For -04, -06, and -08
hubs only)
H10-35R-12
DIMENSIONS:
8
DODECAGON HUB for
RATS (Non-Shock floor
is included; no shock
floor is available.)
17 inches across bays.
SQUARE HUB
for MICE
H10-35M-04-NSF Non-Shock Floor
H10-35M-04-SF Shock Floor
DIMENSIONS:
HEXAGON HUB
for MICE
DIMENSIONS:
OCTAGON HUB
for MICE
DIMENSIONS:
H10-37R-NSF-06 Rat Goal Box
A R E N A S – R U N WAY S A N D R U N WAY D O O R S
Runways and Doors for Rats
Runways and Doors for Mice
A single Drop Pan is included with each Runway. Purchase Terminator/Joiner and Guillotine Doors separately.
A single Drop Pan is included with each Runway. Purchase Terminator/Joiner and Guillotine
Doors separately
MODEL NUMBERS:
RUNWAYS AND DOORS
H10-37R-DP-09W DROP PAN (extra)
(for 6” x 9” runways)
H10-37R-DP-14
DROP PAN (extra)
(for 3.5” x 14.5”
runways)
H10-37R-DP-29
DROP PAN (extra)
(for 3.5” x 29” runways)
H10-37R-GD L
RUNWAY GUILLOTINE
DOOR LIFTER
(for any Runway)
H10-37R-LD
COUPLER w/LOCKABLE
DOOR
(with solid floor)
H10-37R-LD-SA01 COUPLER w/o DOOR
(With solid floor)
H10-37R-MD R
MANUAL DOOR
(For any rat hub or
terminator)
H10-37R-NSF-09W 9” WIDE RAT RUNWAY
w/NON-SHOCK FLOOR
(6” x 9” rat runway with
non-shock floor)
H10-37R-NSF-14 14.5” RAT RUNWAY w/
NON-SHOCK FLOOR
(3.5” x 14.5” rat runway
with non-shock floor)
H10-37R-NSF-29 29” RAT RUNWAY
w/NON-SHOCK FLOOR
(3.5” x 29” rat runway with
non-shock floor)
H10-37R-SF-14
14.5” RAT RUNWAY w/
SHOCK FLOOR
(3.5” x 14.5” rat runway
with shock floor)
H10-37R-SF-29
29” RAT RUNWAY
w/SHOCK FLOOR
(3.5” x 29” rat runway
Runways are used to interconnect the
hubs, modular test cages, shuttle cages,
and the running wheel. The end plates are
standard 4-unit high module plates. The
runways can be installed in any bay track
of the rat shuttle or test cages, any hub or
the entry bay of the running wheel.
Runways may be joined to one another
end-to-end to double the length of the
runway by using the Terminator/Joiner.
The Terminator/Joiner has a double set of
tracks and can also accept standard modules. A runway may be terminated with a
feeder, cue light, or any other module.
To report animal location, runways have
provisions to mount optional Photocell
Sensors which may be used to detect animal entries, passage, and exits from the
runway. (See page 20.)
MODEL NUMBERS:
H10-37M-DP-09W DROP PAN (extra)
(for 6” x 9” runways)
H10-37M-DP-14
DROP PAN (extra)
(for 3.5” x 14.5”
runways)
H10-37M-GD L
RUNWAY GUILLOTINE
DOOR LIFTER
(for any Runway)
H10-37M-LD
COUPLER w/LOCKABLE
DOOR
(with solid floor)
H10-37M-LD-SA01COUPLER w/o DOOR
(With solid floor)
H10-37M-MD M
H10-37M-NSF-14 14.5” MOUSE RUNWAY w/
NON-SHOCK FLOOR
(3.5” x 14.5” mouse runway
with non-shock floor)
The optional GUILLOTINE DOORS may
be added to one or both ends of any of the
runways for program-controlled access to
and from runways and other arenas.
H10-37M-SF-14
The optional MANUAL DOORS may be
added to the distal end of runways.
H10-37R-TJ
The coupler with lockable door has a
switch to report the animal’s contact with
the door. The switch report can be used to
activate the latch or to report attempts at
an “incorrect” or locked door.
MANUAL DOOR
(For any mouse hub or
terminator)
14.5” MOUSE RUNWAY w/
SHOCK FLOOR
(3.5” x 14.5” mouse runway
with shock floor)
Terminator/Joiner
(for MOUSE Runways)
H10-37M-NSF-06 Mouse Goal Box
The coupler, with
or without lockable
door, can connect
a Rat Test Cage to
a Running Wheel so
that both will fit in
a cubicle
Guillotine Door mounts
on either or both ends of
any runway
9
ARENAS – RUNNING WHEEL & NEST BOX
SHOCKABLE RUNNING
WHEEL
H10-38R SHOCKABLE RUNNING
WHEEL (Use H10-37R-DP-09W for extra
Drop Pans)
The running wheel features a shockable
grid floor, a revolution sensing circuit to
count turns, and a drag brake on the axle
to allow for control of the force necessary
to turn the wheel. The brake is controllable
for “on” or “off” by a spare stimulus output
of the Habitest Linc.
Revolution counting is accomplished by
a magnetic reed switch reporting to a standard response switch input of the Habitest
Linc.
The printed circuit board wheel carries
the shock stimulus from commutators
near the hub to the grid bars around the
circumference of the wheel. The grids are
the same as all of the rat shock floors in
the system.
When the brake control input is operated,
the force necessary to run the wheel is
increased from approximately 7 grams to
approximately 30 grams (at 30 rpm) at the
circumference of the wheel. This force is
not an absolute brake to stop the wheel,
but represents an effective resistance
(in the range of sustainable activity) that
increases the effort required to turn the
wheel. The resistive (drag) braking force is
generated by feedback from the magnetic
interaction of the motor windings of the motor when it is turning. Resistance is
proportional to speed, reaching about
The Running Wheel may be connected to any
arena using the Coupler w/Lockable Door
30 grams at 30 rpm.
The running wheel may be joined to any
runway or the H10-37R-LD coupler
(with or without door - page 9). Access
to the wheel may be controlled by using a
guillotine door at either end of any runway.
The coupler with the lockable door may
also control access. If you use either of the
couplers, you can connect a rat test cage
directly to the wheel and the two will fit
in a cubicle.
NEST-RETREAT BOX
H10-39R NEST-RETREAT BOX
This box is constructed on a module panel
and mounts in the cage bay tracks like the
S-R modules. It is fabricated using a 4-unit
high module panel. The closed box is a
five-inch cube. It may be mounted in any
hub or in either the rat shuttle or test cage.
However, owing to its large size, it cannot
be mounted with most other modules in
the adjacent bays in either of these cages
because, unlike the radial array of module
bays in the hubs, the bays in the cages
are in a single plane.
A composite floor stands 1/2” off of the
bottom and rests on an adjustable force
switch. The switch may be adjusted to
ignore the weight of nest material, pups,
etc. and report the presence of an animal.
The back wall / floor assembly is removable simply by opening two catches for
access to the animal, cleaning, tending
and monitoring of pups, or replacement
of nest material.
Rat Test Cage set up for a complex procedure
with retreat option
10
The back of the H10-39R opens for cleaning
and pup observation and removal
S - R M O D U L E I N F O R M AT I O N
GENERAL INFORMATION
MODULE OPERATING VOLTAGE
The stimulus and response modules outlined on the following pages all operate on
24 to 30 VDC (28 VDC nominal).
MODULE EXTENSION AND
STIMULUS FAN-OUT ADAPTER
BLANK MODULES
Don’t forget to order these!
H91-06-18 ENVIRONMENT MODULE EXTENSION CABLE, 18”
These modules are used to fill unused
spaces in hubs and cages and to close the
ends of otherwise unterminated runways.
MODULE WIDTH AND HEIGHT
Rat and mouse cages, and thus the rat
and mouse modules, are the same height.
Modules vary only in width to fit each
cage’s module bays. Mouse cages are
narrower than rat cages.
1/2 unit
1 unit
2 unit
4 units
13/16” high
1-5/8” high
3-1/4” high
6-1/2” high
All hubs have module bays the same width
as rat cages.
Model numbers bear an ”M“ or “R” suffix
indicating that it is the width of the mouse
or rat bays.
Most types of modules are available in
both widths. Mouse modules are, for the
most part, scaled-down versions of the rat
modules.
You’ll need these for large multi-arena
environments where the distance to the
ECB is great.
All electrical connections between the
Habitest Linc and the S-R modules in the
working environment are made via the Environment Connection Board (ECB). Each
module has a 36-inch connecting wire with
a 6-pin connector that plugs into the Environment Connection Board (ECB).
H91-16-SPLT-03 TRIPLE CUE TO 3SPARE FAN-OUT
Most of the devices on the modules are
confined to the space projected rearward
by the face dimensions, thus permitting
most modules to occupy any position and
be adjacent to most other modules. No
module, including a retreat box or runway,
will interfere with any other module in any
hub owing to the radial array of the module
bays.
Modules slip into the tracks of the cages
and hubs from the top. Blank module
panels are used to space the functional
modules to the desired height and to fill
the bay. By installing blank panels below
modules, they may be adjusted to any
desired height from the floor. The bird key,
for example, may be placed at 12 different
elevations from the floor by using standard
blank panels above and below.
Modules are made of plate aluminum except for feeders and certain other modules
subject to excessive chewing; these are
made of stainless steel (noted under the
model number).
Clear plastic 2- and 4-unit high blanks are
available to install in hubs (which have
no clear sidewalls) to permit viewing the
animal. The 2-unit high metal blanks are
also available black on one side and white
on the other. These may be used to make
patterned, totally black or totally white
walls. The digits at the end of each model
number below indicate the height. Either
of the “-KT01” assortment kits will fill 6 of
the full height bays in a test cage or shuttle
cage.
MODEL NUMBERS, METAL:
This connects to a triple cue output on the
ECB and provides 3 “spare” connectors for
single-stimulus devices. (If you only need
to run 1 single-stimulus device, it may be
plugged directly into the Triple Cue ECB
connector). The Fan-Out also connects
the 3 switch input connections in parallel
allowing you to use it for shaping. Just
plug the H21-01 Hand (Shaping) Switch
(page 23) into one of the 3 connectors, the
subject’s response sensor into another,
and the male plug to the ECB. When either
of you presses an input is reported.
MOUSE
H90-00M-M-0.5
H90-00M-M-1.0
H90-00M-M-2.0
H90-00M-M-4.0
KITS:
H90-00M-M-KT01
RAT
H90-00R-M-0.5
H90-00R-M-1.0
H90-00R-M-2.0
H90-00R-M-4.0
H90-00R-M-KT01
BLACK & WHITE METAL PANELS:
H90-00M-M-2.0-BW
H90-00R-M-2.0-BW
MODEL NUMBERS, PLASTIC:
H90-00M-P-2.0
H90-00M-P-4.0
H90-00R-P-2.0
H90-00R-P-4.0
11
VISUAL STIMULI
H11-07M, H11-07R SEVEN-PATTERN
DISPLAY
Module Height: 2 Units
This device consists of a 3 x 3 light-emitting diode dot matrix in a sharp, rear-projected format. It offers distinct, geometric,
H11-01M, H11-01R HOUSE LIGHT
Module Height: 1 Unit
Lamp Type: 1819
This module contains a lamp with a partially open hood that may be installed to shine
down on the cage area or directed upward
to reflect indirect lighting from
the top of the cage.
H11-02M, H11-02R TRIPLE CUE LAMP
H11-03M, H11-03R SINGLE
HIGH-BRIGHT CUE
Lamp Type: 1864
The High-Bright Cue has an incandescent
bulb that produces white light. It is used
where the extra brightness is required to
make subject attention more probable.
H11-05 BRIGHT CEILING-MOUNT LIGHT
visual discriminanda.
Contains 3 LEDs: red, green, and yellow.
It is usually used in conjunction with a
response lever for general cueing and
discrimination.
Module Height: N/A (for both rat & mouse)
Lamp Type: 313 (250 Hrs) or 1864 (1500) Hrs
This device mounts on top of the cage
and shines down into the work area. It
has a very bright light and may be used
as a mildly aversive avoidance stimulus.
It is recommended for passive avoidance
studies.
Seven different dot patterns may be
projected by providing a 28-volt signal
to one or more of the three cue inputs in
a binary code. Red is the standard color.
Yellow and green are available (H11-07M-Y,
H11-07M-G, H11-07R-Y, H11-07R-G) at a
slightly higher cost. It is also available with
a pecking key. (See “Response Sensors”).
H11-02M Triple Cue Lamp over a mouse lever
12
H11-07R 7-Pattern Display over a rat lever
AUDITORY STIMULI
H12-08 WHITE NOISE GENERATOR
H12-01M, H12-01R SPEAKER MODULE
This module contains a speaker for delivering audio signals or masking noise to the
cage. The speaker may receive its audio
signal via the pass-thru line from the back
of the Linc or from one of the in-line cards
on this page. The impedance is 8 Ohms.
H12-07 SEVEN-TONE AUDIO CUE
This is an in-line PC board that connects
to the H12-01M, R or other speaker. It
contains a tone generator, amplifier, and
shaped rise audio switch. It is controlled
via one of the triple cue connectors and
has an output connector for a speaker.
A 3-bit binary code on the triple cue input
produces 7 tones in the same way the
H11-07M and R produce 7 visual patterns.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Frequencies: 1KHz, 1.5KHz, 2Khz,
2,5Khz, 3KHz, 3,5KHz, 4KHz
H12-02M-2.9, H12-02R-2.9 HIGH POWER TONE, 2.9 KHz
H12-02M-4.5, H12-02R-4.5 HIGH POWER TONE, 4.5 KHz
An in-line PC board like the H12-07, this
unit contains a white noise generator,
amplifier, and a shaped rise audio gate.
It connects to the H12-01M, R or other
speaker and is controlled via a spare
connector of the environment connection
board. The noise is gated on and off by the
spare control line. Use it for either cueing
or masking noise. There is an amplitude
adjustment on the board.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Spectrum: 20Hz - 20KHz +/- 3dB
H12-09 SEVEN-LEVEL AUDIO
ATTENUATOR
Also an in-line PC board like the H12-07,
it attenuates any audio signal passed
through it. It may be connected in series
between any audio source and a speaker.
By using the 3 bits of a triple cue output, it
provides 7 levels of signal amplitude from
either the H12-07 tone source or the H1208 noise source as well as outside-source
signals.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Attenuation levels: 0, -3dB, -6dB, -9dB,
-12dB, -15dB, -18dB, -21dB
These modules contain Sonalert® high
amplitude tone signaling devices. We
provide an attenuated drive and a direct,
high amplitude drive so that they may be
used for general cueing or aversive audio
stimulation. A jumper on the module allows
the selection of high or low amplitude.
Tone or Noise
External Audio or . . .
H12-06 TONE CUE
This is an economical audio cueing device.
It is not a module. It plugs directly onto any
Environment Connection Board (ECB) and
is operated via the “tone” input.
Attenuator
. . . Tone or Noise
Connections for audio source module alone, or an external audio source in series with an attenuator
13
SHOCKERS
H13-16 PROGRAMMABLE PRECISION
REGULATED SHOCKER
With grid floor scanner and programmable
shock levels
This research grade precision feedback
current-regulated shocker is totally isolated (floating output) for operator and
subject safety, as well as isolation from
other sources of electrical stimulation such
as physiological stimulators that may be in
use concurrently. Isolation is achieved by
using an isolated transformer along with
optical isolation of the inputs from the
control equipment.
The unit can function as a two-pole (bipolar)
current reversal “square wave” output, or
as a scanner distributing the polarity reversal across an 8-pole output for grid floor
applications. Mode selection is made by a
switch on the back.
The grid outputs are direct “Form C” semiconductor switches. The “off” grids have
zero resistance so the subject receives the
same current regardless of the number of
grids contacted
The H13-16 may be programmed from 0 to
5 milliamps in 20 microamp increments by
a 0-2.5 Volt signal via the “Prog. Input” on
the back of the case. The signal is generated by the Graphic State Notation control program and comes from the “Prog.
Output” on the back of the Habitest Linc
(you may also use your own D/A converter
output).
Power On/Off Switch: On rear panel
Remote/Manual Operate: Up – enables
an external signal to operate the shocker;
Center – disables remote operate; Down
– operates shocker manually for duration
of depression.
Remote Operate: Turns shocker on when
external 5 to 30 volt signal is applied.
Meter Range Switch: 5-position switch
selects meter range.
Manual-Set Shock: Set shock manually
while reading the meter.
Shock Routing: Set Test Routes shock to a
dummy load for setting or to subject.
Max Prog. Control V In: 5 Volts (0–2.5
volts input, 0–5 milliamps output).
Maximum Output Current: 5 milliamps
into 75K Ohms
Maximum Output Voltage: 500 volts
Calibrate Load: 50K Ohms
Regulation: At 500 microamps – 2%
at 0 to 900K Ohms, at 1 milliamp – 2%
at 0 to 450K Ohms, at 2 milliamps – 2%
at 0 to 225K Ohms
AC Switching: Zero Crossover
Indicators: Power On, Shock Test Load,
Shock Subject
Dimensions: 10” W x 7” D x 3-1/4” H
Electrical: 110/120 VAC 50-60 Hz
220/240 VAC 50-60 Hz (specify on order)
E05-15-SFM SMALL ANIMAL HOLDER
WITH SHOCK FLOOR
E05-20-SFR LARGE ANIMAL HOLDER
WITH SHOCK FLOOR
The E05-15-SFM Small Animal Holder
with Shock Floor for mice and the E0520-SFR Large Animal Holder with Shock
Floor for rats are typically used with the
Animal Startle System when a tactile
stimulus is needed. The H13-15 Shocker
is used with the H93-01-25 or H93-01-50
to deliver a shock stimulus to the floor of
the holder. A grid bar floor is installed in
these holders so the subject receives the
same shock stimulus that is delivered to
any of the modular test cages with shock
floors installed or the shuttle cages. Animal Holders without shock floors are also
available for use with the Animal Startle
System.
E05-15-SFM SMALL ANIMAL HOLDER
WITH SHOCK FLOOR
14
H93-13-32 This 32” jumper passes
Shock connections for hubs
through the cubicle to the grid floor when a
cage is used in a cubicle. It is also used to
connect the hub/runway distributor board
(H93-30) to test-cage type grid connector
(same connector as H93-01-25 and H9301-50).
ity. This is done, for example, when using
shock for lick suppression on a water tube
(Vogel procedure) or to make the module
panels the other polarity to ”discourage“
leaning on the wall to avoid shock.
H93-30 Distributor board for hubs and
runways. Accepts H93-01-25 and –02-50
cables and distributes to runways and
hubs via the H93-31-32 or to the test and
shuttle cages via H93-13-32 for parallel
connections of all arena and runway elements in a single-subject environment.
Shock connections for cages
SHOCKER CABLES (for H13-16)
(not supplied w/ Shocker—order separately)
H93-01-25 (25 ft.) and H93-01-50 (50 ft.)
8-conductor ribbon cable with a connector
on one end for connection to the output
of the scanner board. There is a connector on the other end for the grid floors of
the operant test cage, the shock transfer
board on shuttle cages or the distributor
circuit boards for runways and hubs.
H93-19-25 (25 ft.) and H93-19-50 (50 ft.)
2-conductor cable with an 8-pin connector
on one end for connection to the output of
the first two pins of the H13-16 (when used
in the two pole mode). The other end (the
cage end) has universal clips to connect
to a variety of attached cutaneous electrodes, cage parts, or other devices.
A grid floor shorting connector is supplied
for applications where it is necessary to
make the whole floor one polarity and an
object in the environment the other polar-
H93-31-32 This 32” Hub/Runway Cable
is used to “daisy-chain” parallel connections of runways and hubs
15
G U S TATO RY S T I M U L I
LIQUID FEEDERS
(See also H24-01M, -01R Optical Lickometers in the ”Response Sensors“ section.)
H14-03M, H14-03R LIQUID DELIVERY
RESERVOIR
H14-05M, H14-05R LIQUID DIPPER
Lamp Type: 85
(the rat module is totally stainless steel)
This module is designed to deliver any
type of liquid from water to highly viscous
fluids such as condensed milk. The dipper
cup rests in the fluid. When a 28 VDC op-
with both pellet and liquid reinforcements.
It permits the centering of both, with the levers on either side. Each access opening
is the same size as in the H14-01R and
H14-05R. The openings are separated
with the liquid to the left. The 2 magazine
lights are operable independently. The unit
accepts the H20-94 Photocell Sensor to
detect head entry.
DIPPER CUPS
(For H14-05M, H14-05R and H14-06R)
(delivery tip is stainless steel)
The delivery reservoir used in this module
is the same as used in the H14-04M and R
below. It is fitted with needle tubing on the
rear to receive a catheter-sized tube from
the source. It receives fluid from an infusion
pump or other delivery pump. It is an alternative to the gravity-feed model below and
is used for greater precision or when small
volumes of costly fluid are used. See page
24 for pumps.
H14-04M,
H14-04R
LIQUID SOLENOID
VALVE
Module Height:
4 Units
Lamp Type: 1819
(delivery tip is
stainless steel)
The solenoid
valve is designed
to dispense nonviscous fluids. It
should be used for water, drugs in water
solution, but not heavy suspensions or
solutions that leave a sticky residue such
as sugar. The quantity delivered is controlled by means of a combination of the
supply bottle height, valve adjustment and
the duration of actuation. The delivery cup
reservoir will hold fluid until consumed by
the animal. A 1-liter supply bottle with a
compatible fitting is supplied with the unit.
erate signal is applied to the damped solenoid, the cup is raised to an accessible
position in the bottom of the magazine.
Rat opening – 1-1/4” W x 1-5/8” H.
Mouse opening – 7/8” W x 7/8” H.
The solenoid provides direct, fast operation with no electrical noise or delay from
motors. Dashpot damping provides silent,
splash-free operation.
The unit accepts the H20-94 Photocell
Sensor to detect head entry.
H14-06R COMBINATION DIPPER/PELLET TROUGH
Order by volume using the following
numbers:
H14-06-CP-02
H14-06-CP-04
H14-06-CP-06
(.02 cc)
(.04 cc)
(.06 cc)
Gaseous olfactants may be introduced
into any feeder magazine opening.
H14-05-LR SPARE LIQUID RESERVOIR
(For H14-05M, -05R and H14-06R)
You may order reservoirs as replacements
or as spares to use while others are being
cleaned.
H14-05-RE
Lamp Type: 85 (Two)
(this module is totally stainless steel)
The combination dipper and pellet trough
is designed for use when 2 levers are used
16
The dipper arm used in the H14-05M, -05R
and H14-06R dippers is finished with a
.01 cc volume cup machined directly into
the end of the arm. For larger volumes,
interchangeable cups may be ordered and
attached to the end of the arm. They slip
over the end of the arm and are held in
place by a small, recessed set screw. The
cup and screw are stainless steel. An Allen
wrench is provided with the cups.
EXTENDED TROUGH
H14-05-ME EXTENDED TROUGH
H14-02
AUTOFEED TROUGH
H14-07
“Y” TUBE
DRY FEEDERS
SH14-01M,
H14-01R
PELLET DELIVERY TROUGH
Module Height:
2 Units
Lamp Type: 85
(the rat module
is totally stainless
steel)
The pellet trough
is a recessed
cup, baffle, and
chute which receives the pellet feeder delivery spout.
The access openings are the same as for
the H14-05 models. The height permits
rodents with cranial catheter and electrode
posts to enter without interference. The
openings for both have a depression in
the center where the pellet comes to rest
for easiest access by the subject. A light
is installed inside the top of the magazine
cavity. The units have two locations to
mount the H20-94 Photocell Sensor, one
to detect entry of the subject’s head, and
the other to detect pellet removal.
H14-22M-20
H14-23R
PELLET FEEDER, 20MG
PELLET FEEDER, 45MG
The feeders may be mounted in the
tracks above the H14-01M or -01R Pellet
Troughs or the H14-06R Liquid Dipper/
Pellet Trough Module. The delivery spout
aligns to drop a pellet directly into the
trough of either unit.
MONITORING FEEDER ENTRY
Provision has been made on all CI feeder
magazines to mount the infrared light
source and photo detector of the H20-94
H14-10R - GRAIN FEEDER
Lamp Type: 1819
Photocell Sensor (Pg. 20) in a position to
detect head entry. The mounting brackets
and screws supplied with the buffer are
used to mount the emitter and receiver
heads on any of the feeders, the optical
lickometer, and other devices.
The H14-01M or -01R Pellet Troughs and
H14-06 Dipper/Trough have a second set
of holes in addition to those used to detect
head entry. These holes direct the light
path across the “V” at the bottom center of
the trough where the pellet rests to
report when the pellet is removed.
Although designed primarily to deliver
grain to birds, this unit may be used to deliver almost any bulk food by the timed access method. The opening is 2-1/4 inches
high by 2 inches wide and 2 inches deep.
The hopper is molded clear plastic with no
sharp edges. The solenoid operates on a
28 VDC signal and draws less than 500
milliamps. A magazine LED is installed
which operates independently of the coil.
The unit accepts the photo detector head
of the H20-94 to detect head entry.
An olfactant injection fitting is provided on
all feeder magazines (see photo to right).
H20-94 Photocell Sensor mounted on a dipper magazine to sense head entry
H15-01M, H15-01R OLFACTORY
STIMULUS INJECTION MODULE
The product consists of a module plate
with a small, flush-mount fitting that accepts the tubing from the H15-03 on the
rear of the module and allows gases to
pass into the animal’s working area. It can
be mounted in the bottom module position
below the floor plane or in any other position. See H29-05R Fan Module on page
23 for exhausting arenas.
Olfactant injection connector is standard on all
feeder magazines
17
OLFACTORY STIMULI
H15-20 INLINE OLFACTANT EVAPORATION CHAMBERS
These chambers have an inlet and outlet
barb so that clear air (or other gas) may
be passed through them. The volume is
sufficient to minimize flow-through dilution
gradients for typical cueing presentations.
A small amount of liquid or a swab of
cotton with the proper amount of olfactant
is placed in the chamber. The olfactant
evaporates into the air in the chamber.
When the solenoid valve is opened, air
(or other gas), bearing the (solute) olfac-
tory stimulus is delivered. With a small
percentage of the total volume delivered,
the concentration gradient over the flow
interval is minimized.
A check valve is supplied with each
chamber to prevent back-flow cross
contamination of the olfactants in each
chamber.
H15-03 OLFACTORY STIMULUS
CONTROL
(This unit can also be used to deliver aversive air puffs to a maximum of three locations from a common supply.)
The H15-03 contains a 3-unit solenoid
valve manifold that permits individually
gating or mixing up to 3 gases (or 2 gases
plus flushing air). Low dead space in the
manifold assures minimum mixing when
changing flow from one line to another
and permits rapid flushing. The manifold
is Teflon.
18
There are 3 input tube connections and a
common output that may be routed to the
H15-01M or R above or to the H21-09M
or R Nose Poke modules to supply gases
as discriminative stimuli. The inputs and
outputs can be reversed so that a single
supply gas may be selectively delivered
to 1, 2 or 3 locations. Ten feet of 1/8 inch
I.D. tubing is supplied along with a 4-way
tubing connector to connect a common
gas supply to each inlet via an H15-20
chamber.
NOTE: All feeder magazines have an injection fitting like the one on the H15-01M
or R to inject olfactants or aversive air
puffs into feeder magazine openings (see
below). Fittings are also available for user
installation. Inquire to discuss details.
Operant test cage set up
for olfactory discriminations
in the pellet trough
All connections for items on this page are
push-on barbed nylon fittings for 1/8 inch
inside diameter tubing
ERGOMETRIC ACTIVITY
LOAD-CELL PLATFORMS
The E45-Series Load-Cell Platforms
as Sensors and the A24-72
Resistive Bridge Transducer Monitor
This group of products is used for ergometric activity measurement. The Transducer
Monitor processes the applied-force signal
from the platform into a time-integrated
pulse stream at the pulse-proportional output, each pulse representing a time-force
integral (e.g.: Newton seconds). The more
force, the faster the pulse rate. A separate
output, the threshold output, gives a signal
to report when the time-force integral is
above a preselected value.
The pulse output reports event pulses
representing response magnitude in the
same way that the Ceiling Mount Activity Monitor produces pulses representing
a time-space integral. This makes each
small unit of energy expenditure look like a
response unit just like a lever press, nose
poke and the like. It is then a simple matter
to use the signals in Graphic State Notation for counting, sorting, and analysis,
and even complex interactive control. For
example, it is a simple matter to make
either a cumulative number of pulses (total
Animal holder
on large format
platform
energy expenditure) or a current threshold
level cause a change in stimuli such as
cessation of shock, infusion of a compound, or even the delivery of a reinforcer
in an operant schedule.
Using time-energy response units as
event inputs to a behavioral software program allows the user not only to count,
sort and analyze data, but also to exploit
the myriad logical relationships between
number of response units and time in the
context of stimuli found in Graphic State
Notation (though actual protocols might
not be “standard” schedules).
The monitor also has an analog output so
that raw signals may be sent to an analog
data acquisition system like LabLinc V for
more detailed analysis such as frequency
band separation or FFT analysis.
Any type of cage, restrainer, or animal
holder may be placed on the platform in
accordance with the measurement objectives. Large area cages, such as plastic
home (living) cages, may be used if ambulatory behavior is to be included in
the measure. Restrainers like our Startle
Response Animal Holder may be used to
limit response topography where desired.
A24-72 RESISTIVE BRIDGE
TRANSDUCER MONITOR
This unit is more fully described on page 43.
PLATFORMS AND ANIMAL HOLDERS
MODEL NUMBERS:
E45-04
LARGE LOAD-CELL PLATFORM
for cage and animal to 1800 gm
E45-10
E45-20
E10-21
ACOUSTIC CHAMBER
E10-24
ACOUSTIC CHAMBER
1 to 4 subjects
E45-11
SMALL LOAD-CELL PLATFORM
1lb up to 450 gm subject
E45-12
E45-15
E05-15SFM SMALL ANIMAL HOLDER
(weighs 200 gm) for subjects
up to 400gm
E05-15
SMALL ANIMAL HOLDER
(weighs 200 gm) for subjects up
to 400gm
E05-20SFM SMALL ANIMAL HOLDER
to 1 kg
E05-20
SMALL ANIMAL HOLDER
to 1 kg
The A24-72 Transducer Monitor converts
force to pulses for
input to any Linc
19
RESPONSE SENSORS
RESPONSE SENSORS
H20-95 PHOTOCELL SENSOR BAR
This device consists of separate emitter
and receiver bars. There are five beams
on one-inch centers. The receiver bar
connects to any “switch” input on the
Environment Connection Boards like
any switch-type response sensor. Beam
breaks are reported as standard switch
closures. The LED emitter (light source)
bar connects to a -28 V connector.
H20-94
SINGLE-PHOTOCELL SENSOR
The single-photocell beam-break sensor
connects to any switch input on the Environment Connection Boards. The board
contains all the necessary circuitry to
power the infrared LED emitter and
receiver. Beam breaks are reported as
standard switch closures.
An onboard jumper may be positioned
by the user to select different modes of
operation for each application. You may
select a pulsed switch closure at the onset
of a beam break for licks using the optical lickometer or a continuous switch
closure for the entire duration of the break
to sense animal position. You may also
select a delayed opening to detect a pellet
removal while ignoring bounce upon initial
delivery.
Because this unit is used only to report
animal position, it operates in a continuous
mode for the entire duration of the break.
This Photocell Sensor Bar operates in the
invisible infrared region (880 nM). The
emitter and receiver bar are generally
mounted on the opposing plastic walls of
cages and runways to detect animal entry
or position.
All Runways
Optical Lickometers
Pellet Troughs
Liquid Dippers
Dipper/Trough
Grain Feeder
NOTE: The H20-94 is part of the Nose
Poke module and need not be ordered
separately.
20
This is similar to the H21-03R lever except
that it can be actuated by pressing off-center in any direction in a full 360º circle. The
actuation member is a stainless steel tube
protruding .75-inch past the front panel.
Actuation force is comparable to the standard H21-03R lever.
NOTE: The H20-95 is part of the Rat and
Mouse Passive Avoidance Cages and
need not be ordered separately.
H21-09M, H21-09R NOSE POKE
OPERANDUM (with gaseous olfactory
stimulus connection)
(the rat module is stainless steel)
This Photocell Sensor operates in the invisible infrared region (940 nM) and each
half is enclosed in a small, grooved, cylindrical “head” which mounts on the following CI devices:
H10-37R-XXX
H24-01M or R
H14-01M or R
H14-05M or R
H14-06R
H14-10R
H21-05R, H21-05M OMNIDIRECTIONAL
RESPONSE LEVER
H21-03M, H21-03R RESPONSE LEVER
This manipulandum is designed for small
mammals. H21-03R is suitable for rats, as
well as squirrel monkeys and H21-03M
for mice. The switch is a high-reliability,
sealed unit. The –03R paddle extends
.75-inch past the front panel and the -03M
.33-inch. Both are made of rugged chewproof stainless steel. The minimum actuating force of the H21-03R is 25 G, and the
H21-03M is 4 G.
The H21-09R Nose Poke Operandum has
a one inch diameter entrance hole. The
H21-09M opening is 5/8 inch in diameter.
Both have red, amber, and green LED cue
lights recessed rearward from the front
panel plane. The inside chamber is white
reflective ABS plastic to scatter the cue
light making it visible from a side view.
Response detection is by an invisible
(940 nM) infrared photo beam across the
opening. A gaseous olfactory stimulus
connection is affixed to the chamber.
H24-01M, H24-01R OPTICAL LICKOMETER (can also be used as a free access water bottle)
U.S. Patent No. 4373471
The optical lickometer is used to measure
licking/drinking from a standard drinking
tube. It requires an H20-94 Photocell Sensor (page 20). The sensor’s LED emitter
and receiver are mounted on either side
of the module. The light beam is ”piped“
via glass rods across a gap at the end of
the tube. The animal’s tongue breaks the
beam on each lick.
Shock connections to the drink tube and floor
H21-15R BIRD PECKING KEY
H21-17R KEY W/ 3-COLOR CUE
H21-19R KEY W/ 7-PATTERN DISPLAY
(Shown)
H24-01-TB-01 SINGLE LUMEN, CONTROLLED-FLOW DELIVERY TUBE for
the OPTICAL LICKOMETER
H24-01-TB-03 TRIPLE LUMEN, CONTROLLED-FLOW DELIVERY TUBE for
the OPTICAL LICKOMETER
These response keys are fabricated from
transparent plastic and fitted with travel
adjustment screws. The same module
panel is used for all 3 keys listed. The
H21-15R key is backed by a rear projection screen. The switch is a sealed, highly
reliable microswitch type. The minimum
force required to actuate all keys is 13 G.
The tricolor cue lights and 7-pattern display
lights both activate on 28 V from a triple
cue output. Refer to the visual stimulus
display on page 12 for patterns.
The drink tube is electrically isolated from
the rest of the module. Aversive shock
may be delivered through the drink tube.
Licks may be measured while shock is
being delivered without spurious current
paths or interference.
Twenty-five licks per second can be recorded with a formed meniscus or when
the animal is sucking even in moderately
dense, translucent liquids.
H23-17M, H23-17R RETRACTABLE
LEVER
These levers incorporate the same switch,
force, and throw characteristics as their
fixed counterparts. The units feature a retraction time of less than 200 milliseconds.
Drink tube is in the light path between glass
rods Patent #
These tubes replace the standard gravity
flow tube and bottle. The -TB-01 model
has a single, reduced diameter lumen. The
-TB-03 model has three reduced lumens in
a single standard-outer-diameter tube so
that three different fluids may be delivered
via the same tube.
They differ from the free-flow type tube
in that they have needle tubing inside the
standard drinking tube with a very small
inside diameter to prevent air-replacement flow. The result is that when fluid is
not pumped, no fluid may be taken. The
outer dimensions are the same however,
to ensure that the lick topography and the
counting of licks are comparable to the
standard tube. Fluid can be pumped in
very small quantities upon the occasion
of each lick or at a low rate continuously
during a licking episode. See page 24 for
pumps.
21
RESPONSE SENSORS
H24-05 CONTACT SENSOR
The Contact Sensor is an electronic switch
that senses the passage of a very low
current through the subject. The current
level is less than 5 microamps and is well
below sensation threshold. The standard
response sensor connector on the unit
connects to any switch input on the ECB
just as do levers etc.
The sensing leads may be connected to
any two conducting parts of the environment. When the subject touches both,
completing the circuit, the switch reports
the response. Generally, the shock floor
is one pole (all of the floor grids shorted
together by the special connector supplied
with the unit) and another isolated object
is the other pole. This device may be
used to sense animal contact with novel
stimulus devices mounted on a module.
You can make your own using the blank
plastic module plates shown on page 11).
You may also hang things from the cage
ceiling, or sit them (on an isolated pad or
base) on the floor.
NOTE: Other systems use a similar device
for sensing contact with a drink tube to
measure drinking. In the CI system we do
this with photocells across the tip of the
tube because contact does not work for
counting licks when there is a meniscus
bridge between the tube and lips or when
the animal is sucking. The contact method
is no longer used for accurate ”lickometer“
applications. (See H24-01M, R and H20-94)
H24-61, H24-61-MC IR CEILING
MOUNT
ACTIVITY MONITOR
This monitor mounts on the top of standard test cages, shuttle cages and hubs. It
mounts in the standard ceiling hole array
on the tops of these arenas. An optional
suspended ceiling kit is available (H24-61MC) for the Mouse Test Cage to lower the
sensor for increased sensitivity. The kit
consists of a false ceiling plate to hold the
H24-61and 4 blank module plates with pins
to support it. The plates, like any module,
may be mounted at various elevations.
The wide field of view will detect animals
while rearing or leaning on a wall. It can
see both rats and mice in this posture and
senses movement at any elevation in the
cage. For flexibility in defining the response
for program control and data acquisition
purposes, a selector switch permits the
user to choose either of two output modes.
You may choose movement units (brief
pulses representing the minimum resolution of detection), or movement episodes
(a continuous output for the entire
duration that movement units occur
with inter-event intervals of less
than 400 milliseconds).
ergy falling on the elements is defined as
a movement unit and results in a 10 ms
pulsed switch closure output (in the “unit”
mode).
This design gives excellent sensitivity, linearity, and inter-unit consistency, because
a variable pulse rate (where each pulse
represents a uniformly defined movement
unit) produces the magnitude measurement (pulses per unit of time). The Vivak in
the cage walls is opaque to 13 mM radiation. Therefore, interference from outside
moving heat sources (e.g., experimenter)
is not a problem. All electronics are on
board so that the unit connects to a standard “switch” connector of the Environment Connection Boards.
Monitor on cage roof
The dual element,
differential detector
senses the emitted
infrared body-heat (13
µM) of the subject through
an array of lens facets which
create a field of multiple images
on the two detector elements.
Any relative change in the en-
Rat Test Cage with monitor
22
ACCESSORIES
H25-01 CEILING CHAIN
Module Height: N/A (or both rat & mouse)
The Ceiling Chain mounts on top of the
test cages, the shuttle cages, and the
hexagon, octagon or dodecagon hubs. It
may be used as a simple operant for escape or positive reinforcement.
H21-02R, H21-02M EXPERIMENTER’S
MANUAL SWITCH MODULE
These modules mount in the bay tracks
like the standard S/R modules. They are
used to carry electrode leads, catheters,
swivels and commutators. The balance
weight on the arm may be moved as a
counterpoise and locked in place.
The climbing response is ideal for escape
designs. Hanging on the chain to avoid
floor shock is useful in fatigue and motor
studies. When the animal pulls or climbs
on the chain, the switch closes and reports
the response. The chain is corrosion and
chew-proof stainless steel and is long
enough to reach the floors of cages and
hubs.
This switch mounts in the bay tracks of
any arena like an S-R module but the
switch is on the outside of the arena where
it may be pressed by the experimenter. It
is connected to one of the switch inputs on
the ECB. Use this switch when the starting
of an experiment must be accomplished
as soon as the animal is placed in the
arena rather than from the computer.
One balance arm is supplied with the
Mouse/Rat Infusion and Stimulation Options, H10-11M-TC-IS and H10-11R-TCIS respectively. These options for the test
cages, also include special cage roofs
with cutouts providing clearance for the
catheters, etc.
The balance arms are listed here with
their own product numbers so that they
may be ordered separately for use with
Habitest Hubs. The hubs do not require
a special roof because they can be used
without their lids. You may also want to
order them for standard Habitest Test
Cages that you modify to suit your own
needs.
H29-05R, H29-05M FAN MODULE
ACCESSORY MODULES
H21-01 HAND (SHAPING) SWITCH
The hand switch is used for experimenter
control and hand shaping. It connects to
one of the switch inputs on the ECB and
has a 7-foot cable so the operator may sit
well back from the arena. Use this switch
with an H91-16-SPLT-03 Fanout Adapter to
allow either the experimenter’s switch or
the animal’s response to report a closure.
H29-01R, H29-01M BALANCE ARM
MODULE
H25-06 UNIVERSAL CEILING MOUNT
BUMP ROD
The fan module is used to boost air exhaust from any runway, hub, or cage. It
is generally used for olfactory studies to
”flush“ air from the arena in the vicinity of
controlled olfactory stimulus delivery devices or to keep ”free flow“ olfactory stimuli
in multi-arena environments from mixing.
This unit mounts on the ceiling of the test
cages, the shuttle cages, and the hexagon, octagon or dodecagon hubs in the
same manner as the chain. It reports a response any time the stainless steel rod is
moved off plumb in any direction. It comes
down to within one inch of the floor in the
test cages and shuttle cages. It may be cut
for use in the hubs.
23
INFUSION PUMPS
A knob is provided on the side
of the unit for manually advancing the plunger carriage.
This can also be used at initial
setup to move the plunger carriage up flush with the syringe
plunger.
INFUSION PUMPS
The E73-01 Series infusion pumps are
designed to administer a fluid/drug at a
precise reproducible flow rate. Typical
applications include drug testing, flushing
catheters, electrolyte therapy, sucrose
gradients, etc.
The rocker switch on the top of the unit
provides an enable/disable function.
When placed in the enable position, the
pump is placed in a ready mode and will
operate when turned on remotely. The integral lamp will illuminate when the pump
is being operated.
The knob on the front panel allows the
user to limit the amount of time that the
pump can be turned on. The available
settings (in seconds) are 15, 30, 45, 60
& none. The time limit function prevents
fatal delivery of fluid/drug under fault or
uncontrollable conditions.
The jacks on the rear panel (refer to Fig.
2) provide a remote input for external
control of delivery. These inputs operate
from +5V to 30VDC.
The syringe holder has been designed to
accommodate various size syringes. The
slide mechanism can be adjusted in and
out to fit the syringe and a thumbscrew is
provided to lock the slide into place.
The plunger carriage has been designed
with an integral knob and spring mechanism for easily re-locating the carriage to
any position. This makes initial setup of
the pump and syringe simple.
An adjustable limit switch is also integral
to this unit. A screw on the power cord
side of the unit can be turned to adjust the
trip point for the switch. The limit switch
will disable power to the motor when the
extent of travel has been reached.
24
There are several different
speed infusion pumps available. Refer to the E73-01 Series
Flow Rate Chart for details on available
models. (available at coulbourn.com)
Specifications:
Accuracy – ½%, ½% repeatability
Flow Rates: .10 CC/HR to 24 CC/MIN
Power: 3.0 Watts @ 115/220 Volts 5060Hz
Time Limit (seconds): 15, 30, 45, 60 &
None
Remote Input: +5-30VDC
Dimensions: 8.75”X 3” X 3”, 2.65 lbs
The E73-02 Programmable/Selectable
Infusion Pumps are designed to administer a fluid/drug at a precise reproducible
flow rate through either manual selection
or program control using our state notation program Graphic State. This pump
is preferred when various flow rates are
required or flow rates need to change
during the course of an experiment.
Typical applications include drug testing,
flushing catheters, electrolyte therapy,
sucrose gradients, etc.
The rocker switch on the top of the unit
provides an enable/disable function.
When placed in the enable position, the
pump is placed in a ready mode and will
operate when turned on remotely.
The knob on the front panel (refer to Fig.
1) allows the user to limit the amount
of time that the pump can be turned
on. The available settings (in seconds)
are 15, 30, 45, 60 & none. The time
limit function prevents fatal delivery of
fluid/drug under fault or uncontrollable
conditions. The push-wheel switches
allow the user to select the speed at
which the motor and lead screw will turn.
The speed is selectable from .02 RPM to
1.98 RPM. If larger ranges are required,
please inquire. The operate indicator will
light when the remote operate control is
activated.
Harnesses available on page 43.
The two .080” jacks on the rear panel
(refer to Fig. 2) provide a remote input for
external control of delivery. These inputs
operate from +5V to 30VDC. The ultraminiature phone jacks provide a programmable input for controlling speed. Speed
can be varied from .02RPM to 1.98 RPM
with a 0V to 2.5V DC input. The 4-pin
DIN connector is the power input. Power
is supplied to the unit with an included
tabletop universal power supply.
The syringe holder has been designed to
accommodate various size syringes. The
slide mechanism can be adjusted in and
out to fit the syringe and a thumbscrew is
provided to lock the slide into place.
The plunger carriage has been designed
with an integral knob and spring mechanism for easily re-locating the carriage to
any position. This makes initial setup of
the pump and syringe simple.
An adjustable limit switch is also integral
to this unit. A screw on the power cord
side of the unit can be turned to adjust
the trip point for the switch. The limit
switch will disable power to the motor
when the extent of travel has been
reached.
A knob is provided on the side of the
unit for manually advancing the plunger
carriage. This can also be used at initial
setup to move the plunger carriage up
flush with the syringe plunger.
Specifications:
Selectable Speeds: .02RPM (01) to
1.98RPM (99)
Linear Speed: 0015 in/min to
.1523 in/min
Power:: 110-240 ~ 1A, 50/60Hz
Time Limit (seconds): 15, 30, 45, 60 &
None
Programmable Input: 0 to 2.5VDC
Remote Input: +5-30VDC
Dimensions: 8.75”X 3” X 3”, 2.65 lbs
C O N T R O L a n d D ATA A C Q U I S I T I O N H A R D WA R E
�
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Up to 32 Response Inputs per Station
Up to 16 Feeders per Station
Up to 144 Stimulus Cues per Station
4 Analog Control Outputs per Linc
Up to 16 Stations per System
Plug and Play, PCI Interface Card
The control system hardware for Habitest
consists of four products. First, there is the
PCI Computer Interface Card that goes in
the PC. It contains the precision system
clock and all the necessary communication circuitry. This card connects via a
cable to the System Power Base located
next to the computer, on top of which the
Habitest Lincs are mounted. The System
Power Base contains the system power
supply and the path for communications
between the Lincs and the Interface Card.
The Lincs contain all of the electronics to
buffer the switch inputs and drive the stimulus devices in the environment as well as
to communicate with the computer card
via the power base. Finally, each Linc’s
inputs and outputs connect to the arenas
and stimulus/response modules via an
Environment Connection Board (ECB) and
a cable supplied with the board.
The power base holds up to 8, 2-station Lincs.
Note that the H-series power base and modules
are not compatible with the V-series.
H01-01 SYSTEM POWER BASE
Only one power base is required for each
system of up to 8 Lincs (which can run
up to 16 stations). The first Linc mounts
on top of the power base and each Linc
thereafter mounts on the Linc below.
Power is supplied via the stacking pins on
each Linc. Each Linc is also provided with
a short signal cable to connect to the Linc
below it, or to the Power Base (for the bottom Linc).
SPECIFICATIONS:
28V Power: 8 Amps steady state,
10 Amp surges.
5V Power: 5 Amps
Each Linc can accommodate two H03-04 Environment Connection Boards (ECB). A 25-foot cable is
supplied with each ECB. You must order ECBs separately. They are not provided with the Linc.
25
C O N T R O L a n d D ATA A C Q U I S I T I O N H A R D WA R E
H02-08 HABITEST LINC
The System Power Base accommodates
up to 8 Lincs. Each Linc can operate one
or two stations depending upon how many
inputs and outputs are needed for each
station. Lincs may also be grouped (in
software) to use two Lincs or four Lincs for
a single station. This gives you the option
to run 16 stations with 4 inputs each, 8 stations with 8 inputs each, 4 stations with 16
inputs each and 2 stations with 32 inputs
each. Of course, the number of stimulus
outputs is proportional to the input density
selected. The specifications to the right
itemize the inputs and outputs for each
Linc.
Looking at the Linc’s Front Panel above,
you can see that it contains two identical
sections (A&B) representing the divisible
inputs and outputs. The LED indicators
are ON when the corresponding input or
output circuit is active, giving you full information about the status of each and every
stimulus and response module in the en-
H02-01
26
STAND-ALONE LINC
vironment. Each of the two sections connects via one H03-04 ECB (Environment
Connection Board) which is purchased
separately.
The Linc contains all of the electronics
(drivers with buffers) for the inputs and
outputs specified below. Two ECBs are
required for full connection of both S/R
sections (A&B) of the Linc.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Switch Buffers: 8 - optically isolated, integrating type, 6 msec time constant @ 28V
Drivers:
4 - Triple cue groups (total 12 cues)
4 - Feeders
4 - Feeder magazine lights
4 - Auxiliary (on rear of Linc module)
4 – Programmable outputs (DACs)
(on rear of Linc module)
4 - Spares
2 - Tone cues
2 - House lights
Audio: 2 - Speaker pass-through lines.
H03-04 ENVIRONMENT CONNECTION
BOARD (ECB) see photo page 25.
(Includes 25-foot cable)
Two ECBs are required for full connection
of both S/R sections (A and B) of the
H02-08 Linc. If you are only going to use
one half of the Linc, you need only one
ECB. Each board accommodates all of
the module connections for half of a Linc.
Each H03-04 board includes a 25-foot
cable to connect to the Linc.
H03-04-CBL-25EX ECB EXTENSION
CABLE
(25-foot cable)
This cable connects to, and extends the
total length of cable supplied with the Linc
to 50 feet. Use up to 3 extension cables for
a total distance from the control room (Linc
location) to the test room of 100 feet.
PCI-3-KIT PCI COMPUTER INTERFACE CARD
(Includes cable)
One of these PCI, plug-and-play cards is
required to control up to the full complement of eight H02-08 Habitest Lincs from
one computer. The card-to-power-base
cable is included with the card.
G R A P H I C S TAT E N O TAT I O N S O F T WA R E
GRAPHIC STATE
Control and Data Acquisition Software
Graphic State Notation, or just Graphic
State, is designed to allow experimenters
to create interactive experiment-control
protocols for behavioral experiments using state logic. It is a conceptual extension
and major improvement of state notation
languages of the past. If you have used
other state notation software before, you
will move easily into using the Graphic
State program. You’ll find a new elegance
in state notation with robust power and
incredible simplicity.
Graphic State uses a “point and click”
screen that presents options to be selected by the user and represents the
structure of each state graphically. It
is inherently user friendly because the
screen contains all of the options and acts
as a universal prompt. You need not learn
a language or remember what to type or
how to type it for each option. It is all contained in each window.
Like its predecessors, Graphic State
conceives of an experiment as a series
of states through which an experiment
moves. Each state specifies a stimulus
configuration in the subject’s environment,
and a set of time and/or response requirements which cause the program to exit
that state and move on to the next state.
Departing from older state notation,
Graphic State features the advanced power of handling concurrence by preserving
accumulated responses and time. You
may elect to reset or not reset any response-event or elapsed time exit requirement upon entry into a state and you may
carry or import the value left behind into
any other state. You do not have to use the
awkward methods of nesting or setting/
copying register values and variables as
with the older programs.
Graphic State experiments or protocols
are created in windows that lead the
user through constructing states. This is
done graphically by specifying stimuli,
the elapsed-time and the input-event (response) variables necessary to exit each
state and make a transition to the next.
Specifying which data and how to analyze
and present them is simple; just point and click.
STIMULI
In old state notation programs, the stimuli to be
turned on when the state
is active are typed-in by
the user. With Graphic
State, they are presented in an array at the top
of the state graphic; you
just point and click in the
circles bearing the stimulus names. They will
“light up” when selected
to indicate at a glance
which ones will be turned on in this state.
A feature of our Habitest Linc is that it is
labeled with the names of the stimulus devices corresponding to the stimuli specified
at the top of the state graphic.
Labels such as “Cue Lite”, “Tone”, and
“Feeder” are displayed in the actual state
graphic. With Graphic State, you don’t
have to remember which devices are connected to which stimulus outputs or to set
up the software with a configuration table.
Each Habitest Linc has all of the drivers
and switch buffers built-in from the time
you purchase it. There are no driver or buffer cards to add or card frames to wire in
order to add a stimulus or response module in the future.
RESPONSES
In state notation you specify which response event and how many of them are
required to produce a state change (transition to the next state). The Graphic State
protocol-creation window shows by name,
in a “point-and-click” list, the inputs that are
available in the station you are using. The
event-parameter specification box in each
window allows you to make “point-andclick” selections of an input, the number of
events and the probability of these events
required to leave the state. “IF” this number of events occurs and the probability is
met, then the program will go to the state
you specify with its new stimulus configuration and response consequences.
You may also select the number of events
required from a list that you create to re-
quire a different number each time the
program “uses up” a value. You may also
elect to import an entire transition line from
another state with the count value for the
number remaining from count-down in the
original state and other states along the
way!
Some Habitest response sensors provide
information about the magnitude (analog
level) of certain types of behaviors. The
threshold output of our A24-72 Transducer
Monitor will detect the point at which a
transducer analog signal exceeds a user
preset value level and change its output
signal from “OFF” to “ON”. The A24-72
Transducer Monitor also reduces the
analog information to a series of pulses
that vary in rate as a function of amplitude.
They are handled by the Linc as event-like
inputs but represent time/magnitude integrals such as gram/seconds.
TIME
Just as for responses, you can create a
time-transition line to determine the duration a state will persist by specifying an
exit “AFTER” a period of time and probability of occurrence. You may select any
number of time-transition lines! This is
a definite departure from standard state
notation programs. How can you possibly
use multiple times? You might think that
the program will leave the state after the
shortest interval has elapsed. It can, but in
Graphic State, transition parameters are
not automatically reset on state entry so
the elapsed times of intervals may be preserved. Since you have the option to reset
27
G R A P H I C S TAT E N O TAT I O N S O F T WA R E
or not to reset any transition-requirement
line the next time you enter the state,
any remaining time(s) may continue from
when the state was previously used. So
the next time you enter this state, it is possible to exit after a different elapsed time!
You can also exit a state after a cumulative time in the state from multiple visits to
that state! As with event transitions, you
may also select time from a list.
The carry/import function (the Portable
Transition) is where the preservation of
remaining event and time values really
pays off. Accumulated events and elapsed
time can be carried throughout the program flow rather than being restricted to
use within the specified state. If you have
used other state notation programs, you
will see that this obviates many complex
operations in those programs (including
nesting) and opens powerful protocol creation techniques.
STATE ENTRY
Many times it is desirable that “UPON” the
Nth entry to a state, you change the program structure by going to a different state
which may be linked to a totally different
group of states representing a different
stage of the experiment. Such transitions
are accomplished by using the state-entry
transition line. Simply specify that upon
the Nth entry, the program will make a
transition to another state.
All of the additions to the state graphic are
made by clicking on one or more of the
buttons and using the associated transition–creation windows that appear. States
are created automatically and added
to the state selection list when they are
specified as transition targets.
AUTOMATIC PROGRAM CHECKING
Graphic State can automatically resolve a
protocol, that is, make sure that it is complete and will not “hang up” when run. It
fully checks to see that all transitions are
complete and that all states are linked to
completed states with one or more transition lines appended, and has a route to
the “Finished” state.
DATA ACQUISITION
Graphic State features very robust data
acquisition and analysis. You can create
multiple data analysis structures comprised of just a few or hundreds of elements. Each structure may be analyzed at
any time and you can create new analysis
structures after some or all of the sessions
have been run to reanalyze the data for
items that may be of interest under a new
hypothesis.
There is a filter section in the database
that allows you to average records by
sorting based on the session, the run,
the station and the subject (by up to six
subject-name attributes). Previously averaged data may be averaged with other
previously averaged data to save computational time because the information
necessary to recalculate standard deviations is saved in the database with the
averaged data.
Data may be presented in tabular or
graphic form. The tables and graphs may
be saved and imported into your word processing program.
OTHER FEATURES
There are also many other features in
Graphic State that make the program a
pleasure to use.
You can create a number of subject-draw
lists that can be queried as listed or at
random to automatically assign the next
subject to be run.
You can run the same protocol in all stations, or different protocols in each. You
can run master and yoked stations. Each
station is independent and when one
subject is finished, you may enter the next
name and start it as soon as you have the
animal in the box.
The session run screen shows all stations
with columns below each listing response
totals, the previous and current state, the
elapsed time and the status of each station.
There are automatic equipment checks at
session log-in.
When you log in to run a session, you
28
may opt to exclude the session from the
database by selecting “pilot data” thereby
preventing the data from being averaged
with “archive data” from regular runs.
You may execute up to 99 experiment runs
in each of up to 16 stations within each
session, and you may run up to 999 sessions in each project in the database.
Protocols are protected from being
changed. Once run, the state flow structure cannot be changed. This protects
data obtained by protocols with different
structures from being averaged.
All critical functions are password protected and the operator’s name is stored with
the session data.
MORE INFORMATION
The information in this catalog cannot do
full justice to either the elegance or to the
incredible ease of use of Graphic State
Notation, for more information contact
Coulbourn Instruments, and speak with
one of our application consultants.
C O U L B O U R N R E A D Y- T O - R U N PA C K A G E S
ClockLab Running Wheel Data Acquisition System
for Circadian Biology
The most sophisticated and easy- to-use system available for data collection and analysis for Circadian Biology.
TruScan Open Field Activity System
Our TruScan Photo Beam Activity system utilizes
interchangeable Sensor Rings to ensure precision
tracking of your subject in up to three planes. Pointand-click user-oriented software processes data for
each session and saves all raw data for new analysis
protocols in the future. The options available and the
TruScan software for control and data analysis meet
today’s needs for the study of activity like no other
system on the market.
FreezeFrame System for Fear Conditioning
A video-based, 4-channel system for the Conditioned Fear
Test that rivals the human observer in sensitivity. The FreezeFrame system now includes a module for precise video analysis of learned helplessness (tail suspension) experiments. Up
to 4 animals can be recorded at once.
Small Lab Habitest Interface System
The H02-01 Self-Powered Habitest Interface Linc is controlled by the Graphic State Notation software. It can operate one or two stations depending on the number of inputs
and outputs that are needed for each station. The configuration of the Linc per station is done via software.
29
V I D E O B A S E D B E H AV I O R A L S Y S T E M S
DATA COLLECTION AND NUMERICAL
ANALYSIS FOR FEAR CONDITIONING
EXPERIMENTS
FREEZEFRAME is a unique, video-based system for the Conditioned Fear Test that combines the sensitivity of the human observer
with the objectivity and high throughput of automation. While infrared beams or video tracking systems can detect gross movements of
an animal from one part of the cage to another, FreezeFrame can detect the minute movements of grooming, sniffing, turning and rearing. And FreezeFrame monitors the animal up to 4 times per second, not once every 5 seconds, for far more objective and reproducible
results.
Not a tracking system. A proprietary motion detection algorithm filters out shadows, light flicker and camera noise, and detects movements as small as 1 mm.
4-. 8- and 12- Channel systems allow high-throughput testing.
Fully validated. Greater than 90% concordance between FREEZEFRAME and trained human
observers.
Multiple stimulus protocols can be stored and called up instantly for training and testing phases of the experiments.
Store images for later review in the analysis program. Export QuickTime movies of selected
parts of trial.
Batch export data and analyses in spreadsheet format. % freezing, number of bouts, bout duration and intervals for specified periods.
Easy setup of hardware and software.
Sounds (white noise or 100-8000 Hz tone) are delivered through the computer’s sound card. The Shocker-scrambler is controlled directly from the computer, along with additional stimuli such as lights.
VIDEO TRACKING FOR OPEN FIELD – PLUS
MAZE, RADIAL ARM MAZE – NOVEL OBJECT
RECOGNITION
LIMELIGHT is a video tracking system for behavioral experiments such as open field, plus maze, radial arm maze and novel object
recogn�
Designed in close collaboration with users, LIMELIGHT is highly automated, easy to use and has received acclaim from our users.
Robust tracking. No special lighting is necessary. Any number of stationary objects can be placed in the arena without affecting tracking. Track animals of any color automatically at frame rates as high as 10/sec.
Extremely flexible. Switch instantly between any of several stored setups. Specify arena
size and shape with a few mouse clicks using an intuitive interface.
High throughput. Record 4 animals at once. Handle hundreds of trials easily in a single
data file. The program is currently being used for a large-scale mutagenesis screen.
Extensive Batch Analysis. Export analyses directly to an open Excel spreadsheet. After
data collection, animals can be sorted into user-specified groups, for which mean and standard error are reported separately, along with data for individual animals.
Store video images for later review in the analysis window or for export to QuickTIme and PowerPoint presentation movies.
Analysis parameters reported by grid and zone
•
Distance traveled - Time spent in each region - Crossings into each region - Body length (Stretch attend) from nose to base of
tail - Pointing Direction (orientation) - User specified. Contact us with suggestions…
30
ANALYSIS FOR WATERMAZE EXPERIMENTS
WATERMAZE is an entirely new concept for taking the strain out of running watermaze experiments. WATERMAZE incorporates a
unique�
Reference memory, working-memory and other designs in which trials are interleaved in different ways can be accommodated easily. Once the Project parameters are specified, each day WATERMAZE tells the user which animal to run next and to which platform.
Even the most complex experiments can be run accurately and efficiently, for high-throughput experiments.
WATERMAZE’s analysis capabilities are unparalleled. Analyses can be viewed for single trials or exported for multiple trials directly
to Excel�
’s
zones, Whishaw’s corridor, Gallagher’s proximity, quadrant times and crossings and more. Suggestions for new analyses from our users are regularly incorporated. Swim paths can be exported
to standard drawing programs.
WATERMAZE’s tracking is robust and easy to set up with standard CCD cameras and video
boards. No special lighting or video-processing hardware is necessary. Landmarks or other cues
can be arranged in and around the pool without affecting tracking; the animal being tracked need
not be darker or lighter than these objects. Multiple remote control switches can be placed around
the pool, and the program can control multiple On-Demand (Atlantis) Platforms. Movies of each
trial can be stored for later review or for QuickTime export to PowerPoint or other presentation
software.
WATERMAZE goes far beyond existing programs in its ease of use and flexibility. Because it is designed in close consultation with
users, WATERMAZE is integrated seamlessly with the experiment. It is already in use in excellent laboratories in academia and in
industry, including the laboratory where the watermaze was originally developed, and is poised to become the industry standard.
VIDEO ACTIVITY RECORDING FOR CIRCADIAN
BIOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
BIG BROTHER is a video-based activity monitor for behavioral neuroscience, neuropharmacology and circadian biology. BIG
BROTHER tracks the distance traveled by each monitored animal using video cameras. The resulting data can be analyzed and
viewed in the BIG BROTHER Analysis Program. For long-term monitoring for circadian biology, records can be imported into CLOCKLAB, the standard analysis program for the field of circadian analysis.
Record up to 200 animals using up to 4 cameras.
Event markers for time of drug application, environmental changes, etc. Markers can be
applied independently for each channel, or mark all channels at once.
Path recording. BIG BROTHER stores the complete frame-by-frame 2D path of each
animal for detecting stereotypy and other behaviors.
Flexible. The image on each camera can be divided into any number of zones. The animal in each zone is tracked independently.
BIG BROTHER has tracked animals from Drosophila to zebra fish to mice.
High temporal resolution. BIG BROTHER locates each animal up to 4 times per second (depending on the number being tracked).
The tracker is highly sensitive, yet immune to noise.
Infrared Sensitive. BIG BROTHER’s cameras are infrared sensitive, so that tracking can be done under infrared or visible light, or on a
light-dark cycle in which the lighting changes from on to the other.
31
Tru Scan Photobeam
Activity System
Features
Precision Data Timing
Small Arenas for Mice
Economical
Controlled Presentation of Audio, Visual,
Electrical Stimuli and Infusion Pumps
Powerful Innovative Software; Rerun
Experiments Without Animals for
New Data Analysis
Flat Sensor Rings; Do Nose Poke
and Floor Plane Activity Together
Floors Slide Out for Cleaning
Between Animals
“Bulletproof” Construction
Run Up to 10 Stations
CE Approved
User-oriented software processes data for
each session and saves all raw data for
new analysis protocols in the future. The
options available and the Tru Scan Database software for control and data analysis meet today’s needs for the study of
activity like no other system on the market.
These features, along with the exclusive
physical design of the Arenas and Sensor
Rings, have made the system among the
lowest in cost yet the most versatile you
can buy.
E63-12 MOUSE SENSOR RING
E63-22 RAT SENSOR RING
Tru Scan’s photobeam sensor rings are
separate from the station’s processor rather than being built together in a large case
in which a clumsy single-piece test arena
rests. There is only one type of sensor ring
(sized for each arena). It senses in two
dimensions (X&Y) and you use the same
ring for floor plane, rearing or nose poke.
You can do all 3 measures (with 3 rings) at
the same time. The system logs X-Y coordinates instead of just a “yes or no” when
monitoring nose poke or rearing. The rings
are flat so that you can do nose poke and
floor plane recording together.
Our arenas feature a slide-out floor/drop
pan so you don’t have to take the whole
cage out of the station case to wash it.
Just pull the floor out and dump it so that
the next animal is not distracted or contaminated by the droppings of the previous
animal. Extra drop pans are inexpensive.
You can even replace them for each run
with freshly washed ones.
32
An exclusive feature of the Tru Scan system is that it can control up to four independent stimuli in each station to assess
the effect of stimuli on behavior. Control
infusion pumps, stimulators, tones, white
noise, foot shock, or use relays to control
other devices. Eliminate handling variables
for injections during runs.
E63-12 and E63-22 Sensor Rings
Sensor Rings are easily installed and moved
Drop Pan slips out for cleaning or replacing
between subjects
E63-10 MOUSE ARENA (CAGE)
E63-20 RAT ARENA (CAGE)
In the Tru Scan system there are two
arena sizes, one for small mouse-sized
animals and one for larger rat-sized animals. Other systems run rats and mice
in the same arena; we provide arenas of
the appropriate size and beam spacing for
each. You don’t have to “make-do” with
running mice in rat environments.
Stimuli
Rat Arena showing
E63-91 Elevation
Rods with a second
ring for measurements in the elevated
plane
E63-13 MOUSE SHOCK FLOOR
E63-23 RAT SHOCK FLOOR
The shock floor may be connected to any
of our shockers (see page 14) which in
turn may be controlled by one of the stimulus outputs of the Tru Scan Linc.
E63-14 MOUSE NOSE POKE FLOOR
E63-24 RAT NOSE POKE FLOOR
The optional nose poke floors have a 4X4
array of holes with an underlying food tray.
Because Tru Scan software records coordinates from sensor rings, it is possible to
analyze through which hole and when
the animal pokes its nose—great for
memory protocols.
E63-16 MOUSE LIGHT/DARK BOX
E63-26 RAT LIGHT/DARK BOX
E63-03 Hi Brite Cue
The Hi Brite Cue can be mounted on the
arena lid to provide a visual stimlus for
cued protocols. The Hi-Brite Cue consists
of a single white light, T 3.25 Bulb.
E63-73 ELECTRODE/CANNULA
SUPPORT ARM
A support arm to carry cannular and
electrical swivels for infusion, stimulation
and physiological recording is available
to position over the arena on the V99-50
mounting stand.
E63-91 ELEVATION ROD KIT
These extensions allow mounting rings at
higher elevations.
SHOCKERS
You may use an H13-15 shocker from our
Habitest system.
See page 14 for details.
A69-20 TONE/WHITE NOISE
GENERATOR
The Tone/White Noise Generator module
is operated by the stimulus drivers on the
back of the Tru Scan Linc. See page 34 for
details. Use the H12-01 R speaker with an
H94-00 (next item).
H94-00 WALL MOUNT BRACKET
This holds the Habitest H12-01 R speaker
on the top of the Tru Scan arena wall.
INFUSION PUMPS
We offer both selectable-speed and economical, fixed-speed infusion pumps. Both
types feature a safety limit timer and remote program control. See page 24.
The light/dark or retreat box covering 1/2
of the cage has a door to let the animal
pass. Data acquisition protocols allow selection of any half of the cage as the “data
area” so that entries, movements and time
spent in the box may be recorded. This
“solid black” box has no holes for the photobeams so it doesn’t let in ambient light,
but it is transparent to the photobeams.
STIMULATORS
Our isolated programmable stimulator and
our DAC controlled stimulus isolator may
also be operated by the stimulus outputs.
See page 42 for details.
E63-19 SMALL ARENA LID
E63-29 LARGE ARENA LID
This option may be useful when you use
a shock floor.
E27-50 STAND MOUNT TV CAMERA
Mouse Arena with a Nose Poke Floor and two
Sensor Rings, one for the nose-poke task and
one for floor-level X-Y movement measurements.
E63-14
Nose Poke Floor
Light/Dark Box
E63-13
Shock Floor
33
TRU SCAN SOFTWARE
TRU SCAN INTERFACE
PCI-3 KIT INTERFACE CARD
L18-16XHS-10A EXPANDER BOX
(This must be ordered when using more
than one station)
E63-01HS TRU SCAN LINC
One Linc is required for each Arena. The
system can control up to 10 Lincs and
10 Arenas, with 3 Sensor Rings each.
Each Linc has a microprocessor on board
to control scanning, calculate the coordinate sets for each of the rings and report
to the host computer. The Linc has LEDs
to show the status of the experiment and a
control switch that provides a way to start
stations or resume recording after a pause
when the environmental test equipment is
in a separate room from the computer.
The Sensor Rings plug into the back of
the Linc. The specific connector into which
a ring is plugged determines its function:
floor, nose poke, or rearing. There are also
four stimulus output jacks on the back of
the Linc; one is controlled by a timer and
set on the front panel. Any stimulus device
may be connected to one of the outputs
and controlled by the Tru Scan software.
TRU SCAN SOFTWARE
Tru Scan Control, Data Aquisition
and Analysis Software
Although the arena and other environment
hardware features constitute a compelling
reason to choose Tru Scan, the real power
of the system resides in the software.
Versatility and simplicity are the defining
benefits of Tru Scan. You simply point and
click to generate experiment protocols.
Once generated, protocols are simply
called up by number any time you want
to run them in the future. All selected data
will be gathered, analyzed and presented
in the same way whenever the experiment
protocol is run in the future without reselection.
Other software features include subject,
operator, and protocol I.D.s, as well as
automatic data storage and stimulus presentations, if desired. Fully automated
data analysis is provided for each subject
or across subjects with results presented
in table or graph form. These type results
are calculated for all of the measures
you select from the “data analysis items”
shown on the facing page. You can even
cut and paste any of the graphic data to
your publication documents.
Data
All data are stored as raw coordinate sets
with real time date stamps for each of the
(1 to 3) Sensor Rings used. This lets you
do two very important things. First, any experiment can be rerun (without animals) to
re-analyze data, using more and shorter
histogram bins or new data elements to
find other behaviors or effects that were
CREATING A PROTOCOL AND SPECIFYING DATA ANALYSIS - After creating
your protocol and selecting the experiment-run histogram format for the first
analysis elements in the first window, you
will be presented with a second window
in which to specify the data you wish to
acquire. In this window you may select
from the list (shown in full on the facing
page), one or more data items to acquire
and analyze. Most of them are predefined,
but some of them, like the custom zone
analysis selection, will open a third window
so that you can customize the analysis
element.
34
missed in the original analysis protocol.
All you have to do is create another protocol and run the old data. You can also
use the newly created protocol for future
running of experiments with new subjects
and even average the new data with rerun
data. This feature contributes to meeting
requirements for running as few animals
as possible and using extant data wherever possible. Second, the raw data may
be easily exported using Tru Scan’s automatic formatting for export to a spread
sheet or to a LIMS server for archiving and
special statistical analysis.
32X32 Resolution
Tru Scan’s resolution is twice the Sensor
Rings’ beam spacing, giving an effective
32X32 resolution. This is accomplished by
calculating the center of the animal, taking into account all of the beams blocked.
Then the coordinate is rounded to the
nearest half-beam space.
Summary Statistics
Any or all of the statistics listed to the right
may be selected by pointing and clicking for
each experiment. Each may be selected
to be presented as a session histogram
(experiment data interval) or a post-stimulus histogram with any number of bins and
bin widths (time) desired. Each may be
viewed as a list at the end of the session
and may be plotted and printed if desired.
Selected experiment runs, sessions, protocols and projects may also be averaged,
plotted and printed. Graphic data can be
saved to graphic files so that you can cut
and paste it to your publications.
Details of the hardware and software
are fully discussed in the Tru Scan User’s
Guide. You may request a copy free of
charge.
The following is the current standard list of
data available;
YOU MAY SELECT ONE OR MORE OF
THESE DATA ANALYSIS ITEMS:
TOTAL MOVEMENTS (INCL. STPY)
TOTAL MOVEMENTS (EXCL. STPY)
TOTAL MOVEMENT TIME
TOTAL MOVEMENT – DISTANCE
AVERAGE DISTANCE PER MOVE
TOTAL MOVEMENT - MEAN VELOCITY
LATENCY TO Nth MOVEMENT
JUMPS
REST TIME
HOME BASE CELL
HOME BASE TIME
AMBULATORY MOVEMENTS
AMBULATORY MOVE TIME
AMBULATORY DISTANCE
MEAN AMBULATORY VELOCITY
AMBULATORY MRGN DIST
AMBULATORY CENTER DIST
ROTATIONAL MOVEMENT
CENTER POINT ROTATIONS (CW)
CENTER POINT ROTATIONS (CCW)
STEREOTYPIC MOVEMENTS
STPY-1 MOVES
STPY-1 EPISODES
STPY-1 TIME
STPY-1 IRT
STPY-2 MOVES
STPY-2 EPISODES
STPY-2 TIME
STPY-2 IRT
USER CUSTOM ZONE TIME
64-CELL ZONE TIME
16-CELL ZONE TIME
MARGIN ZONE DISTANCE
MARGIN ZONE TIME
CENTER ZONE DISTANCE
CENTER ZONE TIME
CENTER ZONE ENTRIES
L-HALF ZONE TIME
L-HALF ZONE ENTRIES
B-HALF ZONE TIME
B-HALF ZONE ENTRIES
R-HALF ZONE TIME
R-HALF ENTRIES
F-HALF ZONE TIME
F-HALF ZONE ENTRIES
L-R ZONE TIME
L-R ZONE ENTRIES
R-R ZONE TIME
R-R ZONE ENTRIES
R-F ZONE TIME
R-F ZONE ENTRIES
LF ZONE CORNER TIME
LR ZONE CORNER TIME
RR ZONE CORNER TIME
RF ZONE CORNER TIME
V-PLANE ENTRIES
V-PLANE TIME
V-PLANE DISTANCE TRAVELED
V-PLANE STPY 1 - MOVES
V-PLANE STPY 1 - EPISODES
V-PLANE STPY 1 - TIME
V-PLANE STPY 2 - MOVES
V-PLANE STPY 2 - EPISODES
V-PLANE STYPY 2 - TIME
EXPLORATORY NOSE POKE
N-P TASK ENTRIES
N-P TASK TOTAL TIME
N-P TASK % REST TIME
N-P TASK ENTRIES
N-P TASK ERRORS
N-P POST-TASK ENTRIES
N-P TASK DISTANCE TRAVELED
N-P TASK NOVEL IRT
N-P TASK REPEATS
WORKING MEMORY RATIO
The data below cannot be meaningfully
averaged. They may be plotted only from
raw data at the end of the session or from
“review”.
X-Y Track Plot
Vertical Coordinate Track Plot
N-P Hole-Sequence Track Plot
N-P 16-Hole Task—Task Entries Plot
N-P 16-Hole Task—Post-Task Entries Plot
N-P 16-Hole Task—Novel-Hole Sequence
Plot
SPECIFICATIONS
Sensors
Scan Rate: 1 kHz
Sample Rates: 1 sec., 500, 250, 100 ms
Number of Beams: 16
Beam Spacing: Large Arena—1 inch
Small Arena—0.6 inch
Arena Dimensions
Small: 10W X 10D X 16H inches
Base plate—21 inches square
Large: 16-inch cube inside
Base plate—21 inches square
Dimensions: 3.25 in H, 10 in W, 7 in D
Power: 9 VDC (wall mount supply)
Connectors:
3 Sensor Rings
1 LabLinc Cable
1 9-VDC Power Inlet
4 Stimulus control lines, 5V TTL
35
HOME CAGE ACTIVITY SYSTEMS
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Up to 64 Channels
High Production Screening
Fully Automatic
Easy Cleaning
This Infrared Home Cage Activity System
is designed for activity screening using
large numbers of animals. Each system
interface unit accepts up to four 8-channel
sensor interface modules for a total of up
to 32 cages.
The data acquisition and management
software separately records large (sustained) and small (brief) movements in
three dimensions. The system maintains
all raw data and a mechanical calibrator
target is available to calibrate the system
to meet GLP standards. Calibration is fully
automatic. Simply install the sensor on the
calibrator. The software runs the calibration program and adjusts the individual
sensor input channel for the known output
of the calibrator.
Any size wire mesh home cage may be
used. Stainless steel sensor mounting
clips are attached permanently to the cages. The sensors are easily removed from
the clips to facilitate cage washing.
Home Cage Activity System
and Sensor
Each sensor monitors motion in multiple
zones of the cage through an array of Fresnel lenses from a position outside of the top
front of the cage. This provides full x, y, and z
axis coverage. Movement in either direction
on the floor, as well as rearing, is included.
The sensor head consists of paired infrared pyroelectric detectors which measure the 13µM radiated body heat of the
subject’s image. The sensor’s output signal
representing magnitude of the animal’s
spatial movement is digitally converted,
stored in raw form, and processed by the
software.
A full array of statistics is available for
longitudinal and across-subject analysis.
Raw data are maintained on disk and may
be recalled at any time for further analysis
or integration with subsequent findings.
Each system requires an IBM compatible
computer and an E61-01S Activity Monitor Interface. For each group of 8 cages,
order an E61-08S 8-Channel Sensor
Interface and, for each cage, order one
E61-02 Infrared Motion Sensor. Software
is included with the E61-01S.
SPECIFICATIONS & MODEL NUMBERS
E61-01S ACTIVITY MONITOR INTERFACE
Physical: 4.0 in. H x 17.6 in. W x 11.6 in. D
(L18-16 LabLinc Interface Card
included). Accommodates up to
four (4) E61-08 interface units—8
channels each. Cable length to
computer—120 inches.
Power Requirements: Line Power—115 or
230 VAC; 50 or 60 Hz; Internal—
+/– 12 VDC and +5 VDC interface
cards
E61-02 INFRARED MOTION SENSOR
Spectral Sensitivity: 13µM
Sensor cable length: 10 ft.
Sensors are removed from the cage to facilitate cleaning. Sensor retainer clips are
stainless steel and, once mounted, are left
on through the cleaning process. Sensors
are left connected to sensor terminal box and
may be hung on the clip on the terminal box
until the cage is returned.
E61-08S EIGHT-CHANNEL SENSOR
INTERFACE
(Includes one 8-sensor interconnect
box and an 8-channel interface card)
Accepts eight (8) E61-02 sensors.
Connects to an 8-channel module
card mounted in the system interface cabinet. Cable length from
interconnect box to module—25
feet (environment to control room
distance). The interconnect box may
be mounted on a wall separate from
the cage rack so that the entire rack
may be wheeled away to be washed
when the sensors are removed from
the cage clips and hung on the clip
on the interconnect box.
Optional
E61-03 INFRARED ACTIVITY SYSTEM
CALIBRATOR
36
ANALYSIS FOR CIRCADIAN BIOLOGY
Data collection for circadian biology just got a lot easier! ClockLab 2 uses a new USB interface for plug-and-play simplicity. Each compact int�
on a USB hub for 448 channels of input from virtually any signal source, including switches and infrared detectors. And as always,
every system comes with the ClockLab Analysis program, the most powerful and widely-used tool for circadian analysis currently available.
Data Collection:
•
Easy-to-install, easy-to-use USB interface, with high-density
RJ-45 (Ethernet-style) connectors.
•
Record from up to 448 running wheels, infrared detectors or
other devices.
•
Control light schedules in up to 64 different animal chambers
with 24-hour, T-cycle and pulse protocols.
•
Record light levels in each animal chamber with simple
photodetectors.
•
Access data files over the internet at any time, without halting
data collection, to check the progress of experiments.
•
Windows 2000 and XP compatible.
•
Highly reliable. Full power-failure recovery capabilities.
•
Affordable cages with running wheels and long-life switches
available.
Data Analysis:
• Automatically identify activity onsets. Calculate phase-shifts, alpha
and tau from onsets.
• Click and drag to zoom actograms. Zoom in on part of the data, and
click to display its periodogram or activity profile.
• Innumerable convenience features for automating repetitive tasks.
• Edit actograms and graphs in any graphics program to create slides
and figures.
• Display daily light cycles recorded by the CLOCKLAB data collection
program.
• Extensive batch printing and analysis features.
• Read files from Minimitter, Actiwatch, DataQuest, Stanford or any other
data collection system.
• Windows and Macintosh (OS-9 and X) compatible.
37
P O RTA B L E P H Y S I O L O G Y P L AT F O R M - P 3
time constant is 5 seconds.
An excitation switch on the front panel
provides a user selectable .5 volt AC, sine
signal or a .5 volt DC excitation which
is applied, via electrodes, across the
subject’s skin and the resulting current
flow is processed by the coupler into an
output voltage signal.
A10-25
Portable Physiology
Platform (P3)
Patent Pending
The A10-25 is a portable physiology
system outfitted with several biofeedback devices. The unit is comprised of 4
Isolated Bio-amplifiers, 4 Programmable
Band-pass filters, 1 Isolated Skin Conductance Coupler, 4 Contour following
integrators, 4 remote inputs and an audio
signal generator.
Isolated Bio-amplifiers:
The amplifiers are fully isolated for
patient safety. The gain is fully programmable with selectable settings for 500,
1k, 5k, 10k & 50k. The amplifiers are AC
coupled and the coupling is selected with
the front panel 3-position switch. The
available coupling settings are .1 Hz, 1Hz
and 10Hz.
Programmable Band-pass filters:
The programmable Band-pass filters
are 2-pole Butterworth type filters with
a 12dB per octave attenuation. As the
description implies, these filters are fully
programmable for different frequency
skirts. The lo-pass filter has selectable
settings for 40Hz, 150Hz, 1kHz & 3kHz.
The hi-pass filter has selectable settings
for open, 8Hz, 13Hz, 90Hz & 150Hz.
Isolated Skin Conductance Coupler:
This section is used to measure skin conductance. This is the most used method
of measuring electrodermal response or
EDR. The output represents conductance in millivolts per Siemens. A coupling switch is located on the front panel
which allows the user to select either
direct coupling (DC) for the measurement
of basaltonic skin conductance level,
SCL, or AC coupling to measure the skin
conductance response, SCR. The SCR
38
A 10-turn potentiometer balance control
permits balancing the current subject tonic
(basal) conductance level to zero when
the unit is in the DC mode. A sensitivity
control switch on the front panel provides
5 selectable calibrated sensitivity ranges.
The available ranges are 10 mV/µS, 50
mV/µS, 100 mV/µS, 500 mV/µS & 1000
mV/µS.
Contour-Following Integrators:
The contour-following integrators (CFI)
are typically used to smooth out the peaks
and valleys encountered when recording
EMG. There is a CFI provided for each of
the 4 bio-amplifiers. The CFIs are each
independently selectable. If disabled, the
output is raw and free of rectification and
integration. When enabled, the output is
full-wave rectified and integrated with a
programmable integration time constant.
The available time-constant settings are
10ms, 50ms, 100ms, 200ms, & 300ms.
There is a DC offset control on the front
panel. The negative offset allows the user
to “zero out” background noise and/or
unwanted baseline signal coming from the
input source.
Remote Inputs:
Four remote inputs are provided for user
input/control. These inputs operate with
a +5VDC-30VDC input. These inputs are
located on the rear panel. Each input has
two .080 receptacles.
Audio Signal Generator:
The audio signal generator is used to
provide tone and noise pulses. The most
commonly used paradigm is pre-pulse inhibition. The audio signal generator is fully
programmable for frequency and amplitude. The onset and offset of the signal is
shaped with a rise/decay time that is also
programmable. The amplitude can be set
from 0.00 – 100.00% and the frequency
can be set from 20Hz to 99.9kHz. The
selectable settings for rise/fall decay are
1ms, 2ms, 5ms, 10ms, 50ms & 100ms.
The audio signal generator has a built-in
amplifier for driving standard headphones.
A ¼” stereo plug is located on the rear
panel.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Isolated amplifiers:
Amplifier Type:
Precision Instrumentation, differenctial
Input impedance:
109 ohms
Input Bias Current:
10nA typical:
50nA max.
Maximum Input Voltage:
100mV (differential) +/- 10V (common mode)
Noise (referred to input):
2µV rms typical at 10 to 1kHz
Frequency response:
.1 to 3kHz
(-3dB)
Amplifier Gain:
Programmable: 500, 1k, 5k, 10k & 50k
Gain Accuracy:
+/- 4% of selected Gain (max)
Highpass Filter:
Programmable settings of 8, 13, 90, 150, 1k Hz
Lowpass Filter:
Programmable setting of 13, 40, 150, 1k & 3k Hz
Output Impedance:
Less than 50 ohms.
Output Voltage Range:
+/- 10 Volts
Notch Filter:
30dB rejection at 50/60Hz
Contour Following Integrators:
Time Constants:
300 ms
Rectification:
Positive & Negative
Negative Offset:
Remote Inputs:
Isolation:
Operate Voltage:
Programmable settings of Bypass, 10, 50, 100, 200 &
Jumper selectable settings for Full-wave,
0 to -5VDC adjustment with front panel control
Optically Isolated
+5V-30VDC
Audio Signal Generator:
Tone Source
Frequency Range:
20Hz-99.9kHz
Rise/Fall Shaping:
Linear
Shaping Settings:
1, 2, 5, 10, 50 & 100ms
Amplitude:
A C O U S T I C S TA RT L E S Y S T E M
ANIMAL ACOUSTIC STARTLE
SYSTEM
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Multi-Protocol
Screening or Research
Fully Automated
Easy-To-Use Software
Minimal Subject Handling
Automated Calibration
Full-Power Acoustic Transducer
Statistical Analysis
Tone or Noise Prepulse
Provision for Shock, Light, and other Stimuli
Our Animal Acoustic Startle System is
comprised of one or eight sound attenuated chambers, Total Audio Throughput
Capability is the most robust in the industry insuring that you can perform any protocol. The sound output of the startle audio
transducer is up to 128dB with either 20Hz
to 20 KHz white noise or with program
selectable tone frequencies from 10 Hz to
25.5 KHz.
There is minimal animal handling. They
are simply placed in a holder and then the
holder is placed on the response sensor
platform in the chamber. (See page 40 for
Load Cell Platforms.) When the stimulus is
presented, the subject’s response is registered by the platform. The signal is amplified
and integrated by a transducer coupler
and routed to the analog-to-digital conversion and transmission to the computer.
The V-series modules include a V19-16
General Purpose LabLinc Port (which is
at present used only for this application),
a V85-05 Audio Module and up to eight
V72-25A Transducer Coupler modules. The
V85-05, under control of the V19-16 generates the audio stimuli. The stimuli are
then routed through a special high-power,
acoustic-pulse amplifier (E56-02 Startle
Response Amplifier) to the high-power
acoustic driver in the top of the chamber.
(Detailed information on the V-Series
modules is presented in our “LabLinc V
Catalog”.)
Up to 8 subjects with a single interface
card,and two controllers can be run from a
single computer.
For more information, please contact your
sales representative or log onto coulbourn.
com.
39
A N I M A L A C O U S T I C S TA RT L E S Y S T E M
MODEL NUMBERS:
A10-21
E10-21
E10-24
E45-11
ACOUSTIC STATE
CONTROLLER
ACOUSTIC STARTLE
CHAMBER (SINGLE
SUBJECT)
ACOUSTIC STARTLE
CHAMBER
for 1 to 4 subjects
(1lb) for subjects up to 450 gm
E45-12
(2lb) for subjects up to 900 gm
E45-15
(5lb) for subjects up to 2250
gm
E05-15
SMALL ANIMAL HOLDER
up to 400 gm
E05-20
SMALL ANIMAL HOLDER
up to 1 kg
E56-02
STARTLE RESPONSE
AMPLIFIER
(1 for each chamber)
PCI-3-KIT (1 for up to 8 subjects)
V15-17
MODULE POWER BASE
(1 for up to 8 subjects)
V19-16
GENERAL PURPOSE PORT
V72-25A
RESISTIVE BRIDGE STRAIN
GAGE COUPLER
(1 for each subject)
V85-05
AUDIO SOURCE AND SIGNAL
CONTROL
The Coulbourn Instruments Animal Acoustic Startle System provides a completely
automated environment in which to implement all of the commonly employed startle
protocols. Procedures such as habituation, pre-pulse inhibition and fear-potentiated startle are easily accomplished.
The system is computer-based and all
stimulus parameters are specified by completing entries in Windows available from
a single screen. Experiment protocols are
saved to disk files.
Acoustic Startle Controller (for 1-4 subjects)
The software allows the use of either stimulus type (tone or noise) in either or both
stimulus positions. For tone stimuli, amplitude, frequency and duration are computer controlled; rise/decay time is switch
selectable on the V85-05. Amplitude and
duration of noise bursts are computer controlled. Calibration routines for noise and
tone stimuli are included.
During an experimental session, the software displays both numeric and response
waveform data. A post-hoc data viewer is
included for critical examination of trial-bytrial response data.
Acoustic Startle Response Chamber (for single subject)
40
In addition to acoustic stimuli, outputs
are available for stimuli in other modalities. The software allows programming of
these events in the same scheme used for
acoustic stimuli, and they may be used in
lieu of acoustic stimuli in startle designs.
The user also maintains complete control
of such experimental details as the characteristics of the adaptation period, the
use of the ventilation fan in the chamber,
and the nature of the acquired data. The
system offers a sophisticated level of
control combined with an intuitive user
interface.
An example of this design approach is the
inclusion of a separate routine for conducting the training trials needed for fear-potentiated startle protocols.
The response sensors in the platforms are
strain gage load cells. This type of sensing
eliminates the major problems associated
with other transducers. The platforms can
be easily and automatically calibrated with
static weights. A calibration routine is included in the Startle System software.
41
A C C E S S O R I E S F O R A L L B E H AV I O R A L S Y S T E M S
STIMULATORS
A13-65 ISOLATED PROGRAMMABLE
STIMULATOR
The A13-65 is a general-purpose stimulator designed to serve a very wide variety of
applications. It is suitable for uses ranging
from stimulation via cutaneous, implanted
and microelectrodes to tissue and large
organ baths. It may be used for lesioning
any tissue for destruction or histological
marking. Precision feedback regulation
and highly accurate timing also make it
ideal for iontophoresis.
This instrument is capable of monophasic
or biphasic (polarity reversal) stimulation
with a constant-current (feedback regulated) or constant-voltage (feedback regulated) output. It is totally isolated from line
voltage by means of a split-winding transformer. The stimulus synthesis section is
additionally isolated from the main unit
output and the subject by optical isolation.
The oscilloscope monitor output is also
totally optically isolated from the subject,
giving high accuracy in monitoring without
stray signal or ground reference problems.
The stimulus protocol (timing, amplitude,
and pulse relationships of the actual
electrical stimulus output) may be programmed via the keypad on the front of
the instrument, or it may be programmed
on a computer and downloaded to the
stimulator.
Programming is simple: the user is led
through the setup of a protocol by a series of prompts on the front panel display.
Entry of Yes / No responses or numeric
values for time and amplitude is all that ‘s
required.
The unit can store up to 255 stimulus
protocols, which can be recalled by a keypad entry or by an on-line computer for
instantaneous protocol change while running an experiment.
A13-75 STIMULUS ISOLATOR
The A13-75 is designed to convert DAC
outputs to controlled stimuli. It will also
isolate and amplify any stimulus signal,
square pulse, sine, ramps, etc. from other
sources and control for constant current or
constant voltage. A fully protected, directcoupled output prevents damage from
overloads or shorts, and the power supply
is completely isolated from the stimulus
signal inputs. A high-speed reed relay
electrode transfer and shunt provides
for stimulus presentation, recording,
electrode disconnect and electrode shorting to eliminate tissue charge buildup.
No matter what signal source is used, the
isolator’s stimulus output can be controlled
for either constant (feedback regulated)
voltage or current. The voltage of the
stimulus signal fed into the input will determine either the voltage or the current of
the output.
In the voltage mode, the unit puts out a
constant voltage at the rate of 1 volt per
volt input (unity gain), 10 volts per volt
(x10), or 100 volts per volt (x100). If the
midrange is selected and the stimulus
signal voltage is 0.5 volts, the output
will be the same signal form at 5 volts.
The 3 ranges of current setting will produce constant current outputs of 0 to 100
microamps, 0 to 1 milliamp, and 0 to 10
milliamps. The input voltage determines
the output current in this mode. If the midrange were selected which produces 100
microamps per volt, and a stimulus complex in the range of 0.5 volts were introduced to the input, the output would be the
same stimulus configuration (“waveform”)
controlled for a constant current in the
range of 50 microamps.
Stimulus configuration sources may be
synthesized analog signals from signal
generators, oscillators, or even non-isolated stimulators or they can even be recorded signals from analog tape.
For more information on either of these
stimulators, ask for our stimulator brochure. Copies of the applications manuals are also available free of charge on
request.
A13-65
Isolated
Programmable
Stimulator
A13-75
Stimulus
Isolator
42
ACCESSORIES
MOUSE HARNESS
A71-21M-<25
A71-21M-25/30
A71-21M->30
25 gm or under
25 to 30 gm
Over 30 gm
RAT HARNESS
A71-21R-150/250
A71-21R-250/300
A71-21R-350/500
A24-72 RESISTIVE BRIDGE TRANSDUCER MONITOR
This device allows any resistive bridge
transducer to be used in the Habitest system. It has two standard response switch
outputs, one for threshold detection, and a
serial pulse proportional output.
The threshold output is on when the transducer is above a user-selected setpoint.
This function is similar to a comparator
or signal level trigger. It is used for setting
force, pressure, or other threshold requirements to produce an event-type input.
The proportional output is a serial-pulse
analog-to-digital converter employing
time period integration. It is used to record
ergometric-aspect behaviors in a timeamplitude, integrated mode. It may be
used with any bridge transducer, but is
most commonly used with the Load Cell
Platforms for ergometric activity or with a
stand-mounted transducer.
The proportional output produces a pulse
stream the frequency of which is proportional to the magnitude of the signal from
the transducer; more force, more pressure, etc., the faster the pulses (typically
from a few per second up to a maximum of
50 per second). This is an ideal method of
bringing magnitude data into a behavioral
software package which is, after all, eventrate oriented for contingency structures.
The output pulses represent a number of
Newton/seconds of force applied (or other
time integrated units for other transducers).
SPECIFICATIONS
Maximum Input Voltage: ±2 Volts.
Common Mode Rejection: 100 dB Min.
(DC - 60Hz).
Noise: RTI - 1 Hz - 1000 Hz, 0.4mV P-P
Max.
Bridge Excitation: 5.0 Volts
Coupling / Frequency Response:
DC Coupled
DC - 1500 Hz, +/- 3 dB
AC Coupled
1 Hz - 1500 Hz, +/- 3 dB
Balance Control:
Auto Balance: Pressing down initiates
autobalance.
Balance Precision: ±32 mV of center of
5 V range.
”Balanced“ LED: Indicates successful
autobalance.
Sensitivity Control: 3 Ranges
Accuracy: ±2%.
Digital outputs: Switch closures to -28V.
150 – 250 gm
250 – 300 gm
150 – 500 gm
The harnesses have holes to accommodate
the rodent’s legs and close with hooks. The
tether spring attaches to the harness with
Velcro®.
A73-51 CANNULAR FEEDTHROUGH
SWIVEL
The swivel mounts on either the H29-01M
or H29-01R support arm, both of which
mount on test cages with the “–IS” option
(see page 4). Supplied with offset-arm, an
Allen wrench, and screws to attach to the
tether spring.
A73-59M, A73-59R CATHETERPROTECTION AND TETHER SPRING
Attaches to the harness at one end and
the swivel at the other. It transmits torque
from the animal to the swivel and protects
the cannula running through the center
from chewing. (Length—24 inches)
Swivel and harness accessories
43
A C C E S S O R I E S F O R A L L B E H AV I O R A L S Y S T E M S
AUDIO-VISUAL STIMULI
A69-20 TONE/WHITE NOISE
GENERATOR
This unit is a self-contained tone and
white noise source with an integral power
amplifier to drive a speaker. It has a universal 5 to 30 Volt control input so that
it may be operated by Habitest Lincs,
LabLinc V modules, or Tru Scan Lincs.
You may manually select noise or one of
30 tone frequencies to be presented either
manually or by program control. It is also
useful for general masking applications in
room-sized areas. It is powered by a wallmount supply (provided). Tone frequency is
set by selecting one of 15 frequencies on
the rotary selector switch. A range switch
allows you to select either one or ten times
the set frequency. The 16th position on the
switch is the white noise selection.
The unit may be manually operated momentarily by pressing the stimulus gating
switch down, or indefinitely by placing it in
the up position. When the switch is in the
center position, the unit is gated on by a
signal to the universal control input on the
back of the case.
SPECIFICATIONS
Tone Source:
200 to 3KHz in 200 Hz increments,
2KHz to 30KHz in 2K increments
Accuracy: 5%
Amplitude Stability: 0.5 dB
Sine Distortion: 0.5%
Noise Spectrum: 10 Hz to 20 KHz
Attenuation settings: 0, -1, -2, -4, -6, -12, -15,
-18, and -21 dB
Shaped Rise/Fall Gate: 80 mS, +/– 10%
Gate Control Voltage: 5 to 30 VDC
Output Power: 2.5 W (RMS) into 8 Ohms
Output Connector: RCA Phono Connector
Available frequencies range above human
hearing to 30KHz for use with rodents. At
the upper end of the available spectrum
you must use a high quality tweeter to
deliver the stimulus.
A29-18 AUXILIARY RELAY
This is a 1-Form-C (Single-Pole, DoubleThrow) relay that is operated by 5 or 28
volts from any Linc or other source. It may
be used to control any device that may be
controlled by a remote switch closure, or
may be modified to do so. Use it to control
projectors, event-mark data being gathered by another system, or to operate other stimuli which do not operate on 5 VDC
or 28 VDC. If the device is operated by110
volts A.C., use the A29-19 below.
A 25-foot control cable is supplied with the
controller.
A69-20 Tone/White Noise Generator
A29-19 AC DEVICE CONTROLLER,
150 WATT
This is a solid state relay that may be controlled by either 28 VDC or 5 VDC signals
from any Linc or other source. Use it to
turn on line-powered lights, motors, etc.
A 25-foot control cable is supplied with
the controller.
44
COULBOURN PRECISION PELLETS
PRECISION PELLETS
Coulbourn pellets and our automatic
Coulbourn Pellet Dispensers (“dry feeders”) are used for a variety of purposes,
including
Reward & Behavior Reinforcement
Treats and Enrichment
Food Restriction, Portion-Controlled
Feeding, and Food Intake Measurement
Coulbourn Precision Pellets™ are finely
engineered to provide optimal performance in Coulbourn pellet dispensers,
assuring consistently accurate data.
These precision pellets (or “tablets”) are
produced by the LabDiet® and TestDiet®
divisions of Land O’ Lakes Purina Feed.
Diet formulas are produced under ISOcertified GMP protocols and compressed
into dust-free shapes of precise weight
and uniform dimension without variance
from tablet to tablet.
A complete list of products and comprehensive specifications are on our web site.
Coulbourn Food Intake Monitoring
Systems
Precise amounts of food can be provided
to animals to restrict or measure food intake. Precisely controlling and measuring
the amount of food provided to laboratory
animals is critical in many areas of study
– obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome,
drug development, food preference,
nutrition, aging and longevity, circadian
rhythm, eating behavior, psychology, neuroscience, etc.
Coulbourn® Liquid Diet Mixes
Liquid diets are used for a variety of
nutritional studies, fetal alcohol syndrome
and alcoholism being just two of them.
Coulbourn® Liquid Diets are ready to use
in just minutes. Simply measure the appropriate amount of diet powder, and add
water, ethanol, and/or other liquid. Liquid
diet mixes can be formulated for any species, including the most commonly-used
and widely-known rodent liquid diets
based on the “Lieber-DeCarli” formula.
See our web site for details.
Coulbourn Pellet Dispensers are available
to fit any standard laboratory home cage
to provide accurate, efficient, and continuous “24/7” cost-effective measurement of
the time, duration, and amount of meal-tomeal food intake.
• Monitor one, tens, or hundreds of lab
animals with one integrated system.
• Collect data remotely without direct human intervention; an uninterrupted food
supply of several days prevents disturbing
study subjects.
• Use multiple dispensers per animal for
food preference studies.
• Coordinate and synchronize animals for
pair feeding studies.
• Save laboratory space by using home
cages in standard acks.
• Integrate food intake control and/or measurement with other testing protocols.
Coulbourn Precision Pellets are available
in “20 mg” and “45 mg” standard sizes in
several formulas, including:
• Sucrose Reward
• OmniTreat™ Purified Ingredient Control
Diet
• OmniTreat™ Purified Ingredient HighFat Diets – 45% and 60% kcal from fat
• LabDiet® 5001 Grain-Based Rodent
Feed
Coulbourn’s exclusive pellet feeder with manual feed option
45
C O B A LT C O M P U T E R S
Servers, workstations and laptops designed from the ground
up to be the best laboratory and hospital grade computers on
the market today. See why even non-Coulbourn customers
insist on Cobalt quality for all their data collection needs.
The only computers that
could match Coulbourn’s
reputation for quality are the
ones we build ourselves. Cobalt computers is the fastest
growing computer company
on the East Coast, as certified by Intel®.
Our never ending commitment to quality is summerized in our published and
certified reliability report.
Please read our published
Reliability Report to see the
reason more laboratories,
Government agencies and
acedemic institutions are
making the switch to Cobalt.
PURPOSE
This Systems Reliability Report is used
to demonstrate the reliability of Cobalt
Computers workstations and servers.
SCOPE
This Systems Reliability Report will
cover the Cobalt Computers series of
computers used both in-house and in
our customers’ facilities. Field reliability
data are based upon the technical support calls and RMA issues received on
any systems deployed and currently in
operation.
TERMINOLOGY
Critical Problem: Condition that severely
affects service, capacity, billing and
maintenance capabilities and requires
immediate corrective action.
46
Major Problem: Conditions that seriously
affect system operation, maintenance
and administration and require immediate
attention as viewed by the customer. The
urgency is lower than in critical situations
because of a lesser impending effect on
the system performance and customer’s
operation and revenue.
Minor Problem: Conditions that do not
significantly impair
the function of the
system and do not
significantly affect
service to customers.
enclosures, RAID storage, hot-swap
power supplies and fans used in servers all contribute to platform reliability,
but merely assembling these parts is not
enough to ensure our outstanding reliability. The specific hardware and operating
system configuration used to create a
server platform must be tested, verified
and validated to perform at a given level
for a certain period of time in order to es-
Reliability: The ability
of an item to perform
a required function
under stated conditions for a stated
time period.
Availability: The
probability that a
system is operational
when required
Unavailability: A
measurement of downtime “pain index”
as viewed from the end user’s perspective.
EXPLANATION OF SYSTEM
AVAILABILITY
A demonstrated reliability measurement
of 99.999% (‘5 nines’) or 99.995% (‘4
nines’) system availability (per year of
continuous operation) applies to systems
that meet requirements in the areas of I)
configuration, II) application and administration, III) maintenance and environment,
and IV) system redundancy. These areas
can strongly affect the actual system reliability.
CONFIGURATION
Without a doubt, one of the most important aspects to a reliability rating is
the physical hardware and software
configuration of the server. The specific
tablish that the platform-specific metrics
meet reliability norms and standards for
that platform. Cobalt Computers has our
own certified standards used to approve
optional components. These platform
configurations have been tested and
certified using a predefined procedure
for all system components and for overall
performance. Elements common to many
Cobalt Computers certified reference
platforms are:
1. Redundant, hot swappable power with
failure alarming.
2. Sufficient power to provide amperage for normal operation of all system
components.
3. Industry certifications FCC, UL and CE
criteria.
4. Rugged industrial rack-mount enclosures with proper cooling capacity.
5. Load and Performance-tested RAID
(Redundant Array of Independent Disks)
subassemblies that include high performance SCA SCSI hard drives, industryleading RAID controllers, and quality
SCSI ribbon cabling.
6. Component selection criteria based on
qualified quality-focused manufacturers
and vendors of industry-standard chipsets, industry-leading CPU’s, memory,
backplanes and peripherals.
7. Highly stable and proven operating
system platforms and up-to-date patches
and kernels.
Cobalt Computers only buys from directto-OEM manufacturers. No third-party
aftermarket components have ever met
our quality criteria, and we prefer to get
answers directly from a component en-
gineer, rather than a sales representative.
II) APPLICATION AND ADMINISTRATION
How a server is being used and inherently, how its downtime is being measured, will affect the reliability rating.
Server downtime is measured according
to the definitions and rules outlined in
the Revision 3.0 of the TL9000 Measurements Handbook for supplier attributable
outages.
System outage would correspond to
a server with a “Critical Problem” as
defined in the Cobalt Computers Reliability Report. Critical problems are
recorded by Technical Support and the
IT departments. These types of failures
are directly related to the particular applications installed on systems, the major
function of the server and the administration of those applications. For example, if
a system administrator installs a non-certified 3rd party defragmentation utility on a
server, it may cause the operating system
to fail. This would be an example of how
misadministration of a server might adversely affect system reliability. In general,
installing untested applications or utilizing
those applications in an unapproved manner can adversely affect system reliability.
System failure due to misadministration is
not considered when calculating reliability.
The following is a list of sound administrative tasks for insuring reliability:
1. Do not install untested, uncertified, or
unsupported applications on a server that
has been pre-configured. Servers that
have not been pre-configured by Cobalt
Computers or
approved VARs
(value-added
resellers) are
still subject to
the requirement
for certified
applications.
Applications that
are untested
may be submitted for reliability
testing in certain
situations. Data
from technical
support incidents
involving application compatibility
may be used to
determine
whether an application is considered tested, certified, or supported for use with a particular
platform. Technical Support can
be contacted if there is a concern
about supported applications.
straction layer and cause system failure.
3. Do not install multiple applications
on a server for the purpose of utilizing
that server for multiple major functions
(a major function being one by which
reliability is calculated.) Cobalt Computers industrial servers are multi-functional,
configurable and scalable but in a server
environment, a single system generally
has a single purpose. The more major
functions a server has, the more likely it
becomes that the server may have a system outage in a major functional area. It
also increases the likelihood that a single
critical failure of a system component (i.e.
operating system, video card, etc.) would
cause a system outage for multiple major
functions.
4. Perform sound administrative techniques to minimize server downtime. Actions like reviewing applications log files
and system event logs for errors or application status are very important when
the continued performance of a server
application is critical. It’s also a good idea
to keep reports of available disk space,
memory and CPU utilization during peak
operational hours in order to track overall
system performance.
III) MAINTENANCE AND ENVIRONMENT
Good server maintenance is crucial
towards maintaining the overall reliability
of the unit. If a redundant power supply
or RAID drive fails and is not replaced,
2. Do not install third party utilities, programs, or device drivers
that directly affect hardware, especially in operating systems that
employ a hardware abstraction
layer (e.g. Windows NT.) Operating systems that utilize hardware
abstraction and other means of
controlling memory addressing do
so to maintain operational stability. Installing untested software
of this nature can violate the ab-
47
C O B A LT C O M P U T E R S
then the possibility of system failure will
increase. This would be an example of
how poor maintenance of a server would
adversely affect the reliability rating of a
server. The physical environment in which
the server will reside is also extremely
important. Demonstrated system reliability is an estimate of the potential and
likely performance of a system based
on prior performance. Data contributing
to a system reliability rating from prior
performance assumes good maintenance
habits and an approved server room environment. System failure due to misuse
of equipment is not considered when
reliability is calculated. The following is
a list of some actions administrators and
users can take to maintain the operational
health of a system:
1. Quickly diagnose hardware alarms and
affect repairs ASAP. (i.e. power supplies,
hard drives, fans, etc.)
2. Quickly diagnose alarms reported by
software agents (i.e. voltage drop, CPU
fan speed, etc.)
3. Refer to system manual for environmental requirements of server. Do not
operate the server in a poor computing
environment (i.e. rooms with warm ambient temperature, very high humidity, and
insufficient power for system, etc.) Many
times, a site survey may be conducted to
insure that the environment is suitable for
system operation.
4. Regularly change or clean enclosure
filters.
5. Call technical support before making
major modifications to the configuration or
when replacing key system components.
6. Observe all requirements for handling
ESD sensitive equipment including system components and the enclosure itself.
7. UPS, battery backup and/or industrial
surge protection are strongly recommended for continued system performance.
Force Majeure (lightning damage, flood)
are not considered when calculating system reliability.
48
any single point of failure has a back-up
system in place to handle normal operations until a replacement component can
be installed. Forms of redundancy include
but are not limited to clustering, RAID
control of all hard drives, multi-processor
architecture and separate memory planes
- all designed to pick up functionality
where a failed component left off.
systems are in-house at our Allentown,
PA facility and in two remote facilities
used for off site back-up and monitoring.
These systems are monitored constantly
for system downtime and outages.
Cobalt Computers’ in-house systems
averaged 11.5 minutes downtime per
system per year, not due to scheduled
maintenance or upgrades.
FIELD DATA
Cobalt Computers
measures problem
reports and system
outages using a
Quality Control and
RMA database.
Problem reports
are categorized
as “critical”, “major”, and “minor” in
accordance with
TL9000 standards.
The following tables
show the average
values for problem
reports and outage
duration for May
2004 through May
2005.
During the year of May 2004- June 2005,
Cobalt Computers had 3465 systems
built, deployed and in the field. Cobalt had
one critical problem (system returned for
repair), 4 major problems (motherboard
replacements) and 116 minor problems
(DVD drives, floppy drives and monitors
arriving DOA) .
For this period, then, the calculated failure
rate is ten systems out of the almost four
thousand produced, for a failure rate
metric of 0.2% (10 / 3465). What this
serves to illustrate is not that our selected
components never fail, it’s that we fail
them in-house with rigorous burn-in, testing and cycling. This allows us to send out
systems that, statistically-speaking, have
already experienced most of the failures
that they are likely to see over a standard
lifetime.
IV) SYSTEM REDUNDANCY
COBALT COMPUTERS’ IN-HOUSE DATA
System redundancy refers to both a
philosophy and a hardware / software
pre-configuration designed to ensure that
Cobalt Computers maintains over 10
servers for its corporate network and
communications infrastructure. These
AVAILABILITY
The availability for Cobalt Computers
servers and workstations can be calculated using the following formula:
A = (Total time – Downtime) / Total time
A = {{365}{24}{60} - [Downtime] /
{365}{24}{60}}
A = {{525,600 - DT} / {525,600}}
Availability (Field):
A = {{525,600 - DT} / {525,600}}
A = {{525,600 – 1.0} / {525,600}}
A = 99.9998%
Availability (In-house):
A = {{525,600 - DT} / {525,600}}
A = {{525,600 – 11.5} / {525,600}}
A = 99.9978%
As you can see, Cobalt Computers is
proud to have a less than one half of one
percent failure rate for our systems both
in our customers’ and in our own facilities. As we are fond of saying…”it’s not
that we don’t love every system we build,
we just never want to see them at our
facility again after the sale”.

Coulbourn Catalog - 2005.indd

Transcription

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