Harvard Referencing for Bangkok Patana School

Transcription

Harvard Referencing for
Bangkok Patana School
Principles of Referencing
with examples for:
Books
Journals
Papers
Webpages
Newspapers
Films/ DVDs
YouTube Clips
Interviews
Page 2
HARVARD REFERENCING FOR BANGKOK PATANA SCHOOL
CONTENTS
Why and When to Reference
Using Microsoft Word Tool to help you Reference
3
4
Reference Lists and Bibliographies – Quick Tips Advice Sheet
16
A Summary of References
Using Citations
21
21
Reference Lists and Bibliographies – Detailed Templates to help
create references for books, journals and newspaper articles
24
create references for Webpages
34
create references for Films/DVDs
36
create references for YouTube Clips
37
Reference Lists and Bibliographies – Detailed Template to help
create references for Interviews
38
Page 3
Referencing is necessary

To give credit to authors whose work you have quoted and referred to.

To allow the reader of your work to find the resources which you have read; they can
then find out more information about the subject.

To illustrate that you understand the conventions of academic writing.
You must reference
Every time you quote someone else’s work.
Every time you refer to someone else’s work, e.g. by:




Paraphrasing their ideas.
Summarising the arguments
Including case studies, statistics etc.
Using information you have obtained from their work.
If you do not reference someone else’s ideas then you are
PLAGIARISING.
To plagiarise is to cheat, it is academically dishonest; you will fail your coursework if you are
found plagiarising. DO NOT plagiarise.
Page 4
Using Microsoft Word Tool to help you Reference
We use Harvard Referencing at Patana. There is a tool on Microsoft Word which can help you
set out your references accurately. Here are the instructions for how to load Harvard Referencing onto your computer. Please ask the library staff or your ICT teachers if you need help using
this tool.
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How to set up Harvard Leeds citations for Office 2013
Copy the Harvard Leeds file from Teachers4Students onto your Desktop
Open the file using Microsoft Notepad
You are looking for the following terms (use Ctrl+f)

<xsl:template match="/">
<xsl:choose>

<xsl:when test="b:StyleName">
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Change this to the following: You are basically inserting a few extra lines
Once you have done this Save the File and Copy it to the following location
C:\Users\user_name\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Bibliography\Style
How to Install Harvard Leeds on Apple Mac Computers

Locate the files you will need to copy. These are in (Teachers4Students/
Library/Style Referencing).

Open a new finder, go to applications and find the Microsoft Office
Word Application, right click and select “Show Package Contents”.

When you are in the package contents, go to Contents/Resources/Style
and paste all of the styles from the style referencing folder

Re-open word and the styles (BPS uses Harvard Leeds) should be present.
NB A tool is only as good as the information you put in it so take care to make sure that
spelling and punctuation is accurate.
Page 8
A Guide to Using the Microsoft Word Referencing Tool
Table of Contents
Step 1: Enter references
Step 2: Type and add citations along the way
Step 3: Formatting your work
The right font
Line Spacing
Headings
Step 4: The Cover Page
Step 5: The Bibliography
Bibliography Example
Step 6: Page Numbers
Step 7: The Table of Contents
Step 1: Enter references
Enter all reference material used in the research that you have to hand. Use the References
section:
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Step 2: Type and add citations along the way
Write up your report and ensure that you cite your sources as you go along.
At Bangkok Patana School, 49% of students reference accurately (FLINT, Sally, 2012). Many
students are unclear about how to set out a bibliography (SMITH, Michael, 2011). All students should invest time in referencing (LAZARO, Gavin, 2012).
Step 3: Formatting your work
The right font
Font should be clear— San Serif font 11 point is very clear. Times New Roman, size 12 is the
traditional font.
Line Spacing
Double line or 1 1/2 line spacing is easy (Home ribbon)
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Line Spacing
Double line or 1 1/2 line spacing is easy (Home ribbon)
Headings
Headings should also be inserted as these can generate a table of contents so use the headings on the home ribbon.
Use Heading 1 for major headings such as Introduction, Conclusion
Use Heading 2 for sub-headings
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Step 4: The Cover Page
Once you have completed the write up, you will need a cover page. Word 2010 makes this
easy! Go to the Insert ribbon and select the cover page.
Choose a simple one, for example, conservative!
Don’t forget to add all details of your assignment.
Step 5: The Bibliography
Once you had finished and have entered all the information, updated all the citations and
are almost there, then you can generate the bibliography. Go to the end of the essay
(before any appendices) and start a new page (ctrl and enter) or Insert Page Break:
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Add a heading Bibliography and then go to the References ribbon and select
Insert Bibliography:
Bibliography Example
Book
ADAMS, Alton D. 1906. Electric transmission of water power. New York: McGraw.
Book (electronic)
HOLLENSEN, Svend. 2004. Global marketing: a decision oriented approach [online].
Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. [Accessed 18 February 2009]. Available from World
Wide Web: <http://www.myilibrary.com/Browse/open.asp?ID=60094>
Film or Video
Chicken run. 2000. Animated film. Directed by Peter LORD and Nick PARK. Bristol: Aardman.
Podcasts
LEEDS UNIVERSITY LIBRARY. 2007. Brotherton Library guide [online]. [Accessed 21 January
2008]. Available from World Wide Web: <http://www.leeds.ac.uk/library/podcasts>
Journal article
PAJUNEN, K. 2008. Institutions and inflows of foreign direct investment: a fuzzy-set analysis.
Journal of International Business Studies. 39(4), pp.652-669.
YouTube video
LEELEFEVER. 2008. Twitter in plain English [online]. [Accessed 22 November 2011]. Available
from World Wide Web: <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ddO9idmax0o>
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Step 6: Page Numbers
Don’t forget to add the page numbers. Go to the Insert ribbon, then select Page Number:
Don’t get too fancy here with the selections!
Step 7: The Table of Contents
For some assignments, for example extended essays, you will need a contents page. This
should be between the cover page and the abstract. (The abstract should be on the next
page by itself and then the essay should start on the following page).
Go to the page after the cover page and enter a page break (same as for the bibliography) so
that you have a blank page between the cover page and the abstract. Then go to References
ribbon and select Table of Contents.
Page 15
A Full Summary of Referencing can be found on
p.19.
If you are confident you understand the basics,
then the Quick Tips Advice Sheet on the next page
may be all you need to refer to.
Page 16
Reference Lists and Bibliographies – Quick Tips Advice Sheet
Below is a quick hints sheet which gives examples of how to create accurate bibliography
entries for
Books
Webpages
Newspapers
Films/DVDS
YouTube Clips
Interviews
Images/Photographs
If you need for detailed information then read onto the next section
Important things to remember are be consistent in how you use punctuation.
Always put the information in the same order.
Use the same font throughout.
List the items alphabetically.
Creating an Accurate Bibliography
BOOKS
BOOKS - The information from books need recording in the following order: the
information is usually available in the front of the book.

Author

Year of publication

Title of the book

Edition (Only if it is not the first)

City of publication

Publisher
Example:
FLINT, Sally. 2012. The art of referencing. 2nd ed. Bangkok: Penguin.
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WEBPAGES
WEBPAGES - The information from webpages needs recording in the following
order:

Author or owner of website if you can’t find an author

Year of publication

Title of the web page or website homepage

[online] THAT IS WHAT YOU ACTUALLY WRITE

Date you looked at the web page

City of publication

Publisher

Available from World Wide Web: include web site address/URL
Example:
BROSNAHAN, Julian. 2010. History is our future [online]. [Accessed 19 September 2012]. London. History Today. Available from World Wide Web : <http://
www.historytoday.com/archive/>

Sometimes it is very difficult to find who is the author or owner of a
website. This site is excellent for helping you find this information.
http://whois.net/
NEWSPAPERS
NEWSPAPERS - The information from newspaper and journal articles need
recording in the following order:

Author of the article

Year of publication

Title of the article

Title of the journal or paper in which it was published

Volume number and issue number if it is a journal

Page reference.
Example:
WOOD, John. 2010. Students’ attitudes to completing History Assignment.
History Weekly, 62 (3), pp.3-24.
Page 18
FILMS/ DVDS
The information from films/DVDs needs recording in the following order:

Title

Year

The word Film, DVD or Video

Director or medium type

Production Details – place, organisation or any other information
Example:
Macbeth. 1948. Film. Directed by Orson Welles. USA: Republic Pictures.
YOUTUBE CLIPS
The information from YouTube clips needs recording in the following order:

Screen name of contributor

Year

Video Title

Series Title (if relevant)

[online]

[Accessed date]

Available from World Wide Web : include web site address/URL
Example:
SMITH, Michael. 2009. Top Action Golf Shots. [online]. [Accessed 23 June
2012]. Available from World Wide Web : <http://www.youtube.com/watch#!
v=eTapK4dRaw4>.
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INTERVIEWS
When interviewing a person the information needs recording in the following
order:

Interviewee’s name

Year of interview

Title of interview

Interviewed with ...name [type of medium/format e.g. video recording]

Location and exact date of interview (When possible include the transcript
of the interview as an appendix
Example:
MARSHALL, James. 2012. The effect that World War 2 had on A. Robinson’s Family. Interviewed with: Flint, Sally. [video recording]. 12th May 2012. Bangkok Patana
School.
ILLUSTRATIONS/
Images from print sources need recording in the following order:
IMAGES/
PHOTOGRAPHS

Artist/Photographer’s name (if known)

Year of production

Title of image

Material type

At: Place: holding institution, department (if applicable). Identifier (if
applicable).
Example:
GOSSE, S. 1912. The garden, Rowlandson House. Etching and aquatint. At: London:
British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings. Register number 1915-27-41.
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IMAGES (online) from electronic sources need recording in the following order:

Artist/Photographer’s name/Author’s name

Year of production

Title of image [online]

[Accessed date]

Available from World Wide Web : include web site address/URL
If you cannot find the author begin the reference with the title of the work. If you
cannot find any details, such as author, date or title try to find the file name of the
by right clicking and looking at the file properties. If you can’t find these begin
with the subject and title of work.
Examples:
NEWRY INSTITUTE. 2002. Current student [online]. [Accessed 4th December
2002]. Available from World Wide Web : <http://www.nkifhe.ac.uk/>
Child eating sandwich [online]. [Accessed 01 June 2010]. Available from World
Wide Web : <http://www.frenglish11.wikispaces.com>
PEPSI. 2009. Pepsi can designs [online]. [Accessed 01 June 2010]. Available
from World Wide Web : <http://www.dexigner.com/news/10738>
Page 21
A More Detailed Summary of Referencing
Referencing has three main components. These are citations, reference lists and bibliographies.
Citations – These are where you indicate in the body of your assignment that you have
quoted from, or referred to, someone else’s work.
Reference Lists – These come at the end of your work and give the full reference details of
works from which you have quoted from or referred to in your assignment. Arrange the list
alphabetically by author’s last name.
Bibliography – This isn’t quite the same as a reference list as it includes the full reference
details for items which you have read, but haven’t referred to specifically in your assignment. Therefore there won’t be any citations for these items. Such items would include
background reading. Arrange the list alphabetically.
It is ok to combine your bibliography and reference list into one.
Citations
Using citations is easy. All you really have to remember is to include

the surname, first name of the author or editor, or illustrator, website etc.

the year of publication and
if it is a direct quote, the page number.

Sometimes it is difficult to find the exact information you are looking for. If you are using a
website or video clip and it doesn’t have an
author or editor you can put the name of the company or organisation who ‘owns’ the
website.
Use the last updated year if the site doesn’t give a year of publication. If there isn’t
one but the site is still active then put the current year.
Note it is very rare that you will use footnotes. Citations are, by and large, used
instead.
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Here are examples for setting out citations:
Where you have quoted from, or referred to, someone else’s work you must insert a citation in your text.
This will guide the reader to the reference list at the end of your work. Here they can look
up, alphabetically by author, a full reference for the item you have used.
The citation is placed in brackets in your text and consists of:
the surname(s) and the first name(s) of the author(s) or editor(s) of the item as
they appear in the reference list at the end of your work;
the year of publication; and
where you quote directly from someone else’s work or are referring to an illustration,
a page reference.
If you have already named the author(s) in your text, only the year needs to be included
in the bracket:
Jones (1998) emphasised that citations in a text should be consistent.
But in this case the citation needs completing manually, as the tool is not able to do
this.
In case that the same author has published more than one work in the same year, the
citation should include a letter following the date to differentiate between the references, e.g.
(MARSHALL, James, 2012a) and (MARSHALL, James, 2012b)
The letter should be included in the reference list/ bibliography at the end of your work,
so that it appears in the citation.
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Where 2 or more items share the same author and year of publication
the procedure should be to:
a. Arrange the items in your reference list alphabetically by title, e.g.
NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE SCOTLAND, 2010. Choosing a healthy diet ...
NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE SCOTLAND, 2010. Five a day ...
NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE SCOTLAND, 2010. Kidney dialysis ...
b. Having done this assign a letter to each reference, following the date, in the order
in which you have arranged them alphabetically in your list, e.g.
NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE SCOTLAND, 2010a. Choosing a healthy diet...
NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE SCOTLAND, 2010b. Five a day...
NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE SCOTLAND, 2010c. Kidney dialysis...
c. Make sure that the correct letters are assigned to the years in the citations in your
text so that the citation leads the writer to the correct item in your reference list.
You will note, however, that in your text 2010a will not necessarily come first. You
may have referred to the item designated 2010c first.
Secondary Referencing
You may read a book or journal article etc. in which the author has made reference to
or quoted from another work which you have not read but to which you, in your turn,
also wish to refer.
This is called secondary referencing.
You can use the bracketed citation, e.g.:
Chandler (cited in Hiney, T., 1998 p.19) claimed that most people could do
without literature “far more easily than they could do without coffee or
whisky”.
You only reference the work which you have read.
In this case the reference which would appear in your reference list would be:
HINEY, T., 1998. Raymond Chandler: a biography. London: Vintage.
Page 24
Reference Lists and Bibliographies – Detailed Templates to help create
references for books, journals and newspaper articles
Authored books
Authored books are written by one or more people who are equally responsible for the whole
text.
Edited books contain chapters written by different people. These have then been collected into
one volume by an editor or editors.
One Author
1
2
3
4
5
6
Element
Author (capitals)
Year of publication
Title of the book
(italics)
Edition (if not the
first edition)
City of publication
Publisher
Example, including punctuation
GRUSHKIN, P.
1991.
The art of rock: posters from Presley to punk.
2nd ed.
New York, NY:
Artabras.
Citation in your text:
(GRUSHKIN, P., 1991)
Reference list/bibliography:
GRUSHKIN, P. 1991. The art of rock: posters from Presley to punk. 2nd
ed. New York, NY: Artabras.
Page 25
Two Authors (list them both)
1
2
3
4
5
6
Element
Authors (capitals)
Year of publication
Title of the book
(italics)
Edition (if not the
first edition)
City of publication
Publisher
PAYNE, J.R. and PHILLIPS, C.R.
1985.
Petroleum spills in the marine environment: the
chemistry and formation of water-in-oil
emulsions and tar balls.
Chelsea, MI:
Lewis Publishers.
(PAYNE, J. R. and Phillips, C. R., 1985)
PAYNE, J.R. and C.R. PHILLIPS. 1985. Petroleum spills in the marine environment: the chemistry and formation of water-in-oil emulsions and tar balls.
Chelsea, MI: Lewis Publishers.
Three Authors (list them both)
1
2
3
4
5
6
Element
Authors (capitals)
Year of publication
Title of the book
(italics)
Edition (if not the
first edition)
City of publication
Publisher
BREWSTER, F., FENTON, H. and MORRIS, M.
2005.
Shock! Horror!: astounding artwork from the video nasty era.
Guildford:
FAB.
(BREWSTER, F. et al., 2005)
BREWSTER, F., H. FENTON, M. MORRIS. 2005. Shock! Horror!:
astounding artwork from the video nasty era. Guildford: FAB.
Page 26
More than three Authors (list the first author et al.)
1
2
3
4
5
6
Element
Authors (capitals)
Year of publication
Title of the book
(italics)
Edition (if not the
first edition)
City of publication
Publisher
ROEDER, K. D., E. D. ADRIAN, F. BRINK, and M. J. COHEN
1967.
Nerve cells and insect behavior.
Cambridge, MA:
Harvard University Press.
(ROEDER, K. D. et al., 1967)
ROEDER, K. D., E. D. ADRIAN, F. BRINK, and M. J. COHEN. 1967. Nerve cells and insect behavior.
Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Edited books
Edited books contain chapters written by different people. These have then been collected into
one volume by an editor or editors.
Authored books are written by one or more people who are equally responsible for the whole
text.
Page 27
One Editor
1
2
3
4
5
6
Element
Editor (capitals)
Year of publication
Title of the book
(italics)
Edition (if not the
first edition)
City of publication
Publisher
STANGOS, N., ed.
1981.
Concepts of modern art.
revised ed.
London:
Thames and Hudson.
(STANGOS, N.,1981)
STANGOS, N. (ed). 1981. Concepts of modern art. London: Thames and Hudson.
Two Editors (list them both)
1
2
3
4
5
6
Element
Editors (capitals)
Year of publication
Title of the book
(italics)
Edition (if not the
first edition)
City of publication
Publisher
SKINNER, D. and DRISCOLL, P., eds.
2007.
ABC of major trauma.
4th ed.
London:
BMJ.
(SKINNER, D. and Driscoll, P., 2007)
SKINNER, D. and DRISCOLL, P. (eds). 2007. ABC of major trauma. London: BMJ.
Page 28
Three Editors (list them all)
Element
Editors (capitals)
PALMER, K.T., COX, R.A.F. and BROWN, I. eds.
2
3
Year of publication
Title of the book
(italics)
2007.
Fitness for work: the medical aspects.
4
Edition (if not the
first edition)
City of publication
Publisher
4th ed.
1
5
6
Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
(PALMER, K. T. et al., 2007)
PALMER, K. T., COX, R. A. F., and BROWN, I. (eds). 2007. Fitness for work: the medical aspects. Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
More than three editors (list the first editor et al.
Element
1
Editors (capitals)
HEYWOOD, P.M. et al. eds.
2
Year of publication
2006.
3
Developments in European politics.
5
Title of the book
(italics)
Edition (if not the
first edition)
City of publication
6
Publisher
Palgrave Macmillan.
4
Basingstoke:
(HEYWOOD, P. M. et al., 2006)
HEYWOOD, P. M., PAYNE, J. R., ROEDER, K. D., and HINEY, T. (eds). 2006. Developments in European
politics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Page 29
One chapter in an edited book
1
2
3
4
5
Element
Author of the chapter (capitals)
Year of publication
Title of the chapter
Editor(s) of the book
(capitals)
GOLDING, J.
1981.
Cubism.
In:
N. STANGOS, ed.
6
Title of the book
(italics)
Concepts of modern art.
7
Edition (if not the
first edition)
City of publication
Publisher
Page reference of
the chapter
revised ed.
8
9
10
London:
Thames and Hudson.
pp.50-78.
(GOLDING, J., 1981)
GOLDING, J. 1981. Cubism. In: N. STANGOS, (ed). Concepts of modern art, London: Thames and Hudson, pp.50-78.
Page 30
Journal and Newspaper Article
One author
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Element
Author of the article
(capitals)
Year of publication
Title of the journal in
which the article
was published
(italics)
Volume number
Issue number
Page reference of
the article
CHRISTIANSEN, K.
2005.
Going for baroque: bringing 17th-century
masters to the Met.
Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin.
62
(3),
pp.3-48.
(CHRISTIANSEN, K., 2005)
CHRISTIANSEN, K. 2005. Going for baroque: bringing 17th-century masters to the
Met. Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin. 62(3), pp.3-48.
Page 31
Two authors (list them both)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Element
Authors of the
article (capitals)
Year of publication
which the article
was published
(italics)
Volume number
Issue number
Page reference of
the article
BURNHAM, R. and KAI-KEE, E.
2005.
The art of teaching in the museum.
Journal of Aesthetic Education.
39
(1),
pp.65-76.
(BURNHAM, R. and Kai-Kee, E., 2005)
BURNHAM, R. and KAI-KEE, E. 2005. The art of teaching in the museum.
Journal of Aesthetic Education. 39(1), pp.65-76.
Page 32
Three authors (list them all)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Element
Authors of the
article (capitals)
Year of publication
which the article
was published
(italics)
Volume number
Issue number
Page reference of
the article
GELFGAT, M., BASOVICH, V. and ADELMAN, A.
2006.
Aluminium alloy tubulars for the oil and gas industry.
World Oil.
227
(7),
pp.45-51.
(GELFGAT, M. et al., 2006)
GELFGAT, M., BASOVICH, V. and ADELMAN, A., 2006. Aluminium alloy tubulars for the oil and gas industry. World Oil. 227(7), pp.45-51.
Page 33
More than three authors (list the first author et al.)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Element
Authors of the
article (capitals)
Year of publication
which the article
was published
(italics)
Volume number
Issue number
Page reference of
the article
WAGNER, M.R. et al.
2006.
Horizontal drilling and openhole gravel packing with
oil-based fluids: an industry milestone.
SPE Drilling and Completion.
21
(1),
pp.32-43.
(WAGNER, M. R. et al., 2006)
WAGNER, M. R., E. D. ADRIAN, F. BRINK, and M. J. COHEN. 2006. Horizontal drilling
and openhole gravel packing with oil-based fluids: an industry milestone.
SPE Drilling and Completion. 21(1), pp.32-43.
(Courtesy of Chris Brown, Robert Gordon University 2010)
Page 34
Reference Lists and Bibliographies – Detailed Templates
to help create references for webpages
Tips for finding the elements to create the reference for a web site:
It is often difficult to be sure what is what on a web site. Use your common sense.
Often there will be no identifiable person to use as an author or editor. In this case use the
“owner” of the web site, which will probably be an organisation, as both author and publisher. See example at section below.
A city of publication is sometimes difficult to find, so try something like the “contact us” link
and look for a postal address.
The year of publication can also be difficult to identify. If there is no obvious date use the
“last updated” year. If this is not given, use the current year.
Web page where you can where you can identify a personal author or authors
Element
1
Author(s) (capitals)
MULVEY, S.
2
Year of publication
2006.
3
Title of the web
page (italics)
Chernobyl’s continuing hazards
4
[online].
5
Date you looked at
the web page
[Accessed 16 February 2006].
6
City of publication
London:
7
Publisher
BBC News.
8
Available from World Wide Web:
9
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/
europe/4942828.stm
URL (address of web
page)
(MULVEY, S., 2006)
MULVEY, S. 2006. Chernobyl’s continuing hazards [online]. [Accessed 16 February 2006]. London: BBC News. Available from World Wide Web: <http://news/
bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4942828.stm>
Page 35
Web page where you can where you can not identify a personal author
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Element
Owner of the web
site (capitals)
Year of publication
Title of the web
page (italics)
Date you looked at the
web page
City of publication
Publisher
URL (address of web
page)
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA. COLLEGE OF
MEDICINE.
2007.
Patient care
[online].
[Accessed 13 December 2007].
Gainesville, FL:
University of Florida.
http://www.med.ufl.edu/patients/index.shtml
(University of Florida, College of Medicine, 2007)
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA. COLLEGE OF MEDICINE. 2007. Patient care [online].
[Accessed 13 December 2007]. Gainesville, FL: University of Florida. Available
from World Wide Web: <http://www.med.ufl/edu/patients/index.shtml>
(Courtesy of Chris Brown, Robert Gordon University 2010)
Page 36
references for Films/ DVDs.
DVD or Video
Element
2
Full title of DVD or
Video
Type of Medium
Great films from the 80S; a selection of clips from
Warner Brothers top films from the 1980s.
DVD.
3
Director (if relevant)
4
Production Company
Warner Brothers.
5
Year
2005.
6
Other relevant
information
1
(Great films from the 80s; a selection of clips from Warner Brothers top films from
the 1980s., 2005)
Great films from the 80s; a selection of clips from Warner Brothers top films from the
1980s. DVD. Warner Brothers. 2005.
Page 37
references for YouTube clips.
YouTube Clips – Note the Harvard Tool doesn’t have a specific example for
YouTube. Adapt electronic resource or film to ensure that you have the key
information.
Element
Mrgeorged.
2
Screen name of
contributor
Year
3
Title/Series
Top Gear The Stig revealed Full
1
4
2009.
[online].
5
Date Accessed
[Accessed: 23 July 2010].
6
Available from URL
http://www.youtube.com/watch#!v=eTapK5dRaw4
(MRGEORGED, 2009)
MRGEORGED. 2009. Top Gear The Stig revealed Full [online]. [Accessed: 23 July,
2010]. Available from World Wide Web: <http://www.youtube.com/watch#!
v=eTapK5dRaw4>
Page 38
references for Interviews.
Different subject areas have different ways they like interviews to be laid out so check with you
teacher what their expectations are. Make sure that the interviewee is happy for a transcript of the
interview to be made available.
Usually you would include the interview as an appendix. In the appendix include: Interviewee’s name.
Year of interview. Title of interview. Interviewed by .. name [Type of medium/forma].Location and
exact date of interview. Together with the actual transcript.
Interview
Element
1
Interviewee
FLINT, Sally
2
Year
2012.
3
Title of Interview
Surviving Referencing.
4
Interview with
Duang Turong
5
Date
23rd October
6
Place
Bangkok.
(FLINT, Sally, 2012)
FLINT, Sally. 2012. Surviving Referencing. Interview with Duang Turong. 23 October.
Bangkok.
Page 39
Final Word
When putting together this guide I referred to various Harvard Guides available online. Most big universities and colleges have their own guide, and they all differ slightly. Also, in most guides I found
small mistakes. This just shows how difficult it is to create consistency across a whole guide. I am sure
the eagle-eyed will spot mistakes in this guide too!
With the emergence of so many online resources – those advising how to reference are making up
new rules and creating new formats all the time. They are not always in sync with one another. As
with so many online resources the editing checks are not in place. It reminds me of the bizarre, often
contrary spelling that exists in the English language as a result of the emergence of the increased use
of printed material after the invention of William Caxton’s printing press around 1475. People in
different part of England spelled the words as they saw fit. For example, A printer in Newcastle, may
not check that a spelling rule was consistent with that used by a printer in London.
I mention this to reinforce to you that referencing should not be something you panic about. It
should not become a chore where you get bogged down in the intricacies of referencing an unusual
resource. You must:
Be careful, particularly if entering the information into a bibliography generating tool.
Be consistent.
Be sensible. (Use your common sense where you can’t easily find information, using the tools to
help.)
Do use appendices for interviews.
Do use citations.
Very rarely, if at all, will you need to use footnotes.
The information that we at Patana give the IB examination boards is that we teach students the basics of Harvard and advise them to use the Microsoft Leeds World Referencing Tool to format their
work. Work that adheres to these guidelines we reward fully when assessing work.
Ms Sal

Harvard Referencing for Bangkok Patana School

Transcription

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