The Governors` Climate and Forests Task Force
Transcription
The Governors` Climate and Forests Task Force
mato grosso The Governors’ Climate and Forests Task Force HISTORY AND CREATION IN CONTEXT The Governors’ Climate and Forests Task Force– GCF is a platform for collaboration among states that work to protect tropical forests and reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+), creating strategies for a sustainable form of development. It was created in 2008 after the signing of memoranda of understanding by members and promotes cooperation on themes related to reducing tropical deforestation. Since then the GCF has grown in membership and is now one of the primary efforts to incorporate REDD+ into subnational, national and international policies. The GCF currently consists of 19 members from 7 countries, working together to establish jurisdictional REDD+ programs and systems that reduce emissions from deforestation and connect to different forms of financing according to each state’s strategy. Several of its members are building or implementing state regulations that create incentives for forest conservation, reductions in deforestation and strengthening command and control measures, such as strategies for a more sustainable development. Six Brazilian states are members of the GCF: Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Pará and Tocantins. Each state has two representatives that actively participate in all processes and events, replicating knowledge and technical elements in their states. OBJECTIVES The GCF focuses on diverse aspects of REDD+ through the sharing of experiences and lessons among its members and articulation to support the creation and implementation of jurisdictional systems. Its work is divided into four primary working groups: WG 1 • Subnational REDD+ Frameworks Develops joint recommendations and options for the establishment of subnational REDD+ systems. Addresses issues such as baselines, MRV and registration among others, to be incorporated according to state strategies. Engages with voluntary carbon standards (ex: VCS) and shares lessons learned with its members engaged in similar processes. WG 2 • Financing Opportunities Looks to identify and attract opportunities for financing of REDD+ activities in GCF member states, including pay-forperformance, public financing and carbon markets, among others. A primary result was the creation of the GCF Fund, concerned specifically with supporting the subnational REDD+ efforts of its members. WG 3 • GCF Database A database for the GCF and its members that describes in detail the activities in progress, as well as programs, policies and projects, serving also as a tool for analysis of advances as well as institutional, technical, financial and other needs. It has been operational since July 2012, after an extensive and detailed data collection process undertaken with members. WG 4 • Stakeholder Involvement and Communications Seeks to stimulate and guarantee the participation of different actors in the GCF process, such as civil society, the private sector, indigenous peoples and traditional communities, among others. Also works on communication and dissemination strategies for the GCF and its activities in general. | 02 | MILESTONES AND CURRENT ACTIVITIES Since its creation, the GCF and its members have made important advances, with some states already implementing subnational REDD+ systems and programs. In Brazil, the GCF has become an important space for discussion and articulation, allowing for the exchange of experiences and lessons and facilitating cooperation among the Brazilian states. Some of the advances and actions developed in the last several years are: GCF Fund Meetings and Technical Workshops Established in 2011, the fund seeks to support the shared needs identified by GCF members in the process of building their jurisdictional REDD+ programs, as well as to support specific activities. It will be an independent, transparent and payfor-performance-based financing mechanism, an innovative initiative for the financing of subnational REDD+ actions. The results of its investments will be disseminated among all GCF members, amplifying its positive impact. Its first donation of $15 million was made by the U.S. State Department, and the Fund is seeking additional funding in order to increase its investment capacity. Several technical meetings over the last two years have focused on the current REDD+ processes underway in Brazil, to discuss and construct technical recommendations for the working groups, and share pioneering experiences and lessons learned, among other things. The meetings represent an important space for the articulation and strengthening of relations between GCF members and are a fundamental part of the GCF process in Brazil, also serving to catalyze other related processes. GCF Database A complete, public and transparent source of up-todate information about REDD+ activities under way in member states. The database was created from in-depth research and offers up-to-date information on deforestation, financing, projects and regulations, among others. More than a source of information, it serves as an instrument for the identification and evaluation of the member states’ gaps and needs relating to REDD+. It is available at http://www. gcftaskforce-database.org. Participation in Events, Fundraising and Capacity Building Another important activity is the support and participation of the states in meetings and other processes related to REDD+, as much at the national as the international level. These can be either technical or financial, besides the development of studies and technical materials as well as the organization of events, capacity-building and trainings. Targets and Future Activities Since its creation, the GCF and its members have achieved important results. With the objective of continuing to support members more completely and actively, our goals for the next year are: Articulation of REDD+ processes Support the states in articulation related to the creation of their national systems and processes GCF Fund Secure additional resources for the Fund, which begins its operations in January 2013 Subnational Frameworks Revisit and adjust processes based on the advances achieved by its members, support and strengthen multi-stakeholder processes, coordinate activities supported by the GCF Fund and develop technical workshops GCF Database Continue to steward and improve the provision of upto-date and detailed information GCF Training Program Develop a training program for its members, civil society and other stakeholders, with a focus on tools for the building of jurisdictional REDD+ approaches. | 03 | mato grosso The State of Mato Grosso is located in West-Central Brazil, bordering the states of Pará and Amazonas (to the north), the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (to the south), the states of Goiás and Tocantins (to the east), and the state of Rondônia and Bolivia (to the west). Mato Grosso is the third largest state in Brazil in area, and is comprised of three biomes: Amazon (52%), Savannah (41%) and Pantanal (7%). Mato Grosso possesses considerable protected areas, including 70 Indigenous Lands, 23 Federal Conservation Units (UCs); 45 State UCs; 39 Municipal UCs and 2 Quilombos. Among the UCs, Mato Grosso possesses 20 Private Natural Heritage Reserves (RPPN), one of Brazil’s largest areas of RPPNs, totaling 191 thousand hectares of private properties transformed into lands for the conservation of biodiversity. Mato Grosso has developed pioneering solutions to improve forest governance, with a system of environmental permitting for rural properties and the Rural Environmental Registry, in addition to the State Environmental Code, the State System of Conservation Units, the Forest Policy, State Policy on Water Resources and State Policy on Solid Waste. Recently the state has been stewarding the creation of public policies for the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions (GGE), adaptation to climate change and the maintenance and increase of forest carbon stocks. In this regard, the approval of Law 9878/13, which was sanctioned in January of 2013 by Governor Silval Barbosa and created the State REDD+ System, deserves mention. The government of Mato Grosso is looking to consolidate its strategy to reduce deforestation by valuing its forests and through the implementation of a more sustainable, low carbon model for agriculture. A LOOK AT MATO GROSSO Population: 3,033,991 residents (IBGE/ SEPLAN, 2010) AREA: 903,357,091 km2 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT: 57.3 billion (2009) FOREST TYPES: Lower montane alluvial broadleaf forest, open broadleaf forest, lowland and lower montane semideciduous alluvial forests, lower montane seasonal deciduous forests and ecotones FOREST OWNERSHIP: 22% protected public and 78% private PROTECTED AREAS: 5,261,399,012 ha INDIGENOUS LANDS: 13,684,715,053 ha FOREST MANAGEMENT: 2,805,510,090 ha | 04 | Silval da Cunha Barbosa Governor of Mato Grosso “Actions to protect the climate will always be supported and prioritized in Mato Grosso, since our economy is highly dependent on climate and REDD+ is a unique opportunity to promote the conservation and recovery of forests and also to improve the quality of life for the citizens of Mato Grosso.” REDD+ IN MATO GROSSO Reduction of Deforestation in Mato Grosso Mato Grosso has promoted drastic reductions in deforestation in its territory, from a level of 11,814 km2 in 2004 to 828 km2 in 2010, a 93% reduction in deforestation. Results of the first period of targets set by the State Government in its Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Deforestation and Forest Fires – PPCDQ/MT for the period of 2006 to 2010, in which a target reduction in deforestation of 64% was set, show the state reached reductions of 68.28%. The creation of the State REDD+ System constitutes a great advance for the maintenance of low rates of deforestation and the strengthening of forest conservation. Mato Grosso - Prodes/INDE 30000 Mato Grosso 25000 Amazônia Legal Km2 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Process of Creating a State REDD+ System Law 9878/13, which established the State REDD+ System, was created with intensive public participation through the REDD+ Working Group (WG) within the Mato Grosso Forum on Climate Change – FNMC. In an open process, the creation of the Law counted on 78 members from 38 institutions, including the State Secretary of the Environment and other State Secretaries, nongovernmental organizations, legislative assemblies, representatives from the agriculture and forestry sectors, small-scale farmers, social movements, the order of attorneys of Mato Grosso, and educational institutions, among others. It took more than 2 years of work, including four months of consultation with SEMA-MT, 10 sectoral dialogues and 35 meetings of the REDD+WG/FMMC, a space where over 170 contributions were systematically analyzed. The importance of implementing the State REDD+ System is due to the fact that nearly 60% of the land in Mato Grosso remains in forest, which urgently need a mechanism with the potential to effectively reduce deforestation by attacking its causes and primary vectors. In this context it was possible to consolidate the State REDD+ System, making it technically consistent, with clear objectives and principles, containing socioenvironmental safeguards and with the potential to produce climate benefits as well as socioeconomic benefits for local populations. | 05 | SUMMARY GCF IN BRAZIL The GCF in Brazil has played an important role in recent years in articulating and capacity-building among its member states. The Brazilian states can be considered among the most advanced in reference to the creation of innovative regulations for REDD+ and implementation of pioneering REDD+ projects, which have generated important lessons that are shared among members and serve as important subsidies for national processes. Here, we present a brief summary of the current status of each Brazilian member state in relation to REDD+ initiatives. GCF POINT OF CONTACT IN BRAZIL In Brazil, GCF is represented by its member states and a national coordinator responsible for representing the GCF in country, supporting the states in their REDD+ efforts, and articulation of GCF activities in general, within Brazil and in other forums. Since 2011, the Point of Contact for GCF in Brazil is the Institute for the Conservation and Sustainable Development of the Amazon- Idesam, which was selected by the states to act as Task Force facilitator in Brazil. More information is available at www.idesam.org.br. | 06 | ACRE The State of Acre is one of the most advanced GCF states in the construction and implementation of policies and regulations relating to REDD+ and environmental services. In 2010, after broad consultation, the state passed a law creating the “State System of Incentives for Environmental Services”- SISA, whose programs’ objectives are to reconcile economic development and forest conservation to mitigate climate change. The ISA Carbon Program at SISA regulates actions to reduce carbon emissions, including REDD+, anticipating the development of public and private projects, as well as other actions, within a legal structure. In this context, the state has been developing a partnership with the Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) to discuss the required elements of the Jurisdictional and Nested REDD+ Initiative (JNRI), and, in partnership with the firm Markit, is designing a state registry system to guarantee the control and transparency of future transactions within the state. Moreover, Acre is one of the states selected to receive financial support in the first phase of the REDD+ Early Movers (REM) program financed by the German bank, KfW. AMAPÁ Amapá is the Amazonian state with the lowest rates of cumulative deforestation- merely 2.2% of its forested area- and more than 72% of its territory is protected (Conservation Units and Indigenous Territories). The State has been adopting policies and implementing various initiatives with the forest sector and industry to guarantee economic development based on the sustainable use of natural resources. In terms of regulation of REDD+, a process of discussions have begun to build the foundations that will become statewide legal milestones for environmental services and emissions reductions. There are also some important initiatives underway, such as a state forest inventory and an analysis of the state’s carbon stocks, as well as three REDD+ projects being developed (two of which implemented through partnerships between the state and diverse institutions and one private project), in addition an inventory of ecosystem assets within Conservation Units for inclusion into state patrimony. AMAZONAS Amazonas is the largest state in the Brazilian Amazon and is a pioneer in various activities relating to climate change and ecosystem services. The state passed the first Brazilian law foreseeing RED activities, the State Policy on Climate Change (PEMC), approved in 2007, which also established the Forest Allowance Program (Bolsa Floresta), the first PES program related to deforestation in the Amazon. It is in this context that the state developed the first REDD+ project in the Amazon to be approved by a voluntary standard, the Juma SDR REDD Project. To complement the PEMC, the state is working on a State Policy on Environmental Services, which anticipates the creation of the “State of Amazonas Environmental Services Administration System”, as well as programs and institutional arrangements specific to the implementation of related initiatives. The Policy for Environmental Services foresees an Evaluation and Monitoring Commission for transparency, a Scientific Committee for technical expertise and socio-environmental safeguards, and a Company, in the form of Corporation (Sociedade Anônima), for assistance in the establishment of projects and connections with markets. PARÁ Pará is a state that best reflects the magnitude of territorial dimensions and pressures on the forests of the Brazilian Amazon. It is among the states with the highest rates of deforestation, driven by diverse vectors and actors such as the agricultural sector, mining and infrastructure. On the other hand, the state has been implementing important initiatives to change this scenario, such as the innovative Green Municipalities Program, which has achieved positive results in terms of reducing deforestation and promoting social and economic development through the sustainable use of natural resources. In addition, the state has various REDD+ projects under development, including the first private project to be validated by the VCS Standard. In terms of regulatory achievements, the state is revisiting the process of discussions with various actors through the Para Forum on Climate Change, a space where future legislation should be discussed and created, in partnership with civil society institutions, the private sector and others. TOCANTINS The State of Tocantins has a pioneering history with initiatives related to reducing emissions from deforestation. It was one of the first states to develop REDD+ projects and to create a State Policy on Climate Change, Environmental Conservation and Sustainable Development, which is currently in a revision process. In recent years the state has been working on the issue of forest conservation and ecosystem services with a different lens than the other states of the Amazon, that of ecosystem assets and their incorporation as state patrimony. The logic is to incorporate state ecosystem assets into its patrimony, which could generate a series of fiscal benefits, such as an increase in the state’s borrowing capacity. The incorporation of ecosystem assets into state patrimony, through their quantification and validation, influences GDP and the state’s budget. Despite not having intentions to implement or have REDD+ as a mechanism generating revenue for the state, Tocantins supports the development of such initiatives by the private sector and non-governmental organizations. | 07 | www.gcftaskforce.org CONTACT Mato Grosso- State Secretary of Environment – SEMA Minister- José Esteves de Lacerda Filho Centro Político Administrativo – CPA- Palácio Paiaguás Rua C, esquina com Rua F- CEPÇ 78050-970- Cuiabá/MT- Brazil +55 (65) 3613-7201 • http://www.sema.mt.gov.br Institute for the Conservation and Sustainable Development of the Amazon- Idesam GCF Point of Contact in Brazil Junia Karst [email protected] Mariano Cenamo [email protected]
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