NC State Brochure cover side - North Carolina Civil War

O
221
Other Civil War Trails Site
268
21
Information or Welcome Center
421
Siloam
74
Rockford
Boone
421
Fort
Hamby
601
Wilkesboro
T E N N E S S E E
421
321
19W
77
General George Stoneman
Patterson Mill
21
40
Hot Springs
(Warm Springs Hotel)
213
Marshall
(Col. Allen House)
64
SmithMcDowell
House
18
Vance
Birthplace
Statesville
Hickory
70
Morganton
70
21
Salisbury
(Rowan County
Courthouse)
64
Old Fort
(Swannanoa Gap)
Canton
(Locust Field
Cemetery)
16
40
ASHE VI L L E
74A
601
64
Rocky Ford
Engagement
Carson
House
Marion
40
Lenoir
(St. James Church)
64
26
25
Waynesville
(Multiple Sites)
221
Mars Hill
College
70
Taylorsville
64
19E
Burnsville
(John McElroy House)
321
221
Chimney Rock Village
(Hickory Nut Gorge)
52
16
85
276
Lincolnton
74A
Cottage
Home
77
26
64
Rutherfordton
273
29
74B
27
601
1861
C A R O L I N A
77
June 10 Battle of Big Bethel, Va.
July 21 First Battle of Manassas, Va.
October 21 Battle of Ball’s Bluff, Va.
★
★
★
★
1862
June 26–July 1 Seven Days’ Battles, Va.
August 28–30 Second Battle of Manassas, Va.
1
95
70
401
F
U.S. rifled cannon battery firing on Fort Macon on April 25,
1862, Union batteries and gunboats bombarded Fort Macon
for eleven hours. The Confederates ran up the white flag at
4:30 p.m., and formally surrendered the following morning.
the generals marched north and bested Gen.
John Pope’s force at the Second Battle of Manassas in August. Lee then invaded western Maryland to rally support, supply his army, and gain
foreign recognition for the Confederacy. His
hopes were dashed at Antietam Creek on September 17, 1862, the bloodiest day in American
history, and he retreated to Virginia.
President Abraham Lincoln soon issued the
Emancipation Proclamation, making the conflict
a war for freedom as well as for the preservation
of the Union. Freedmen and escaped slaves
throughout the East flocked to the Union colors
and joined regiments of United States Colored
Troops (USCTs).
In 1863, after Lee’s victory at Chancellorsville in May and the death of Jackson, Lee
marched north again through Maryland and
into Pennsylvania. When he confronted Union
Gen. George G. Meade’s army at Gettysburg, the
Confederate tide was turned back again. North
Carolinians, meanwhile, experienced both conventional and unconventional warfare. Near the
coast, Federal expeditions disrupted Confederate supply lines, temporarily disabled railroads,
and destroyed manufacturing centers. In the
western mountains, neighbor fought neighbor
as Unionists and Confederates conducted a
bloody “war within a war.”
Union commander-in-chief Gen. Ulysses S.
Grant launched simultaneous attacks in the
spring of 1864 against the Confederates
throughout the South. He accompanied Meade’s
army in Virginia during the Overland Campaign, maneuvered Lee ever closer to Richmond,
and finally besieged him there and at Petersburg. A succession of Federal commanders
pressed Confederate forces in the Shenandoah
Valley and laid waste to the “Breadbasket of the
Confederacy.” Gen. Philip H. Sheridan eventually swept the Shenandoah clear of Confederates
under Gen. Jubal A. Early. In southwestern Virginia, eastern Tennessee, and western North
Carolina, Union cavalry raided salt works and
railroads. Gen. William T. Sherman, in the Deep
Mitchener
Station
40
301
Smithfield
U.S. Line
of March
General William T. Sherman
421
501
15
Averasboro
Battlefield Museum
C.S. 3rd Line
Old Bluff
Church
1
Hastings 70
To
House
Kinston
Hannah’s Creek
Village of
C.S. Line
Bentonville
of March
301
Merging of
Dunn Route to
the Armies
Bentonville
Bentonville
117
Battlefield
Departing
Averasboro
401
13
40
295
FAYETTEVIL L E
(Multiple Sites)
501
401
301
15
Murdoch
Morrison
Gun
Factory
Wagram
Bethel
Church
Laurel Hill Church
Cheraw
Laurel
Hill
401
117
95
Laurinburg
Stewart-HawleyMalloy House
1863
General Joseph E. Johnston
June 10–July 14 Gettysburg Campaign, Va., Md., Pa.
July 1–3 Battle of Gettysburg, Pa.
July 18–23 Potter’s Raid, N.C.
★
★
★
★
WAR WITHIN THE WAR
S
ecession and war divided western
North Carolinians, and neighbors and families quickly came to
blows as angry words gave way to
fists and guns. Confederate conscription
acts fostered resistance, the mountains
sheltered deserters from both sides,
and armed bands brutally settled scores.
Western North Carolina and East Tennessee also produced two notable leaders, one Confederate and one Unionist.
Confederate Col. William H.
Thomas of North Carolina, the only
white man to serve as a Cherokee chief,
had helped establish the Qualla Boundary (Eastern Band of Cherokee reservation) north of Franklin. He organized
Thomas’s Legion of Cherokee Indians
and Mountaineers in Knoxville, Tennessee, in 1862, with 400 Cherokee in
two of his companies. It fought in Tennessee, Kentucky, and Virginia and
largely prevented the Federal occupation of western North Carolina.
In 1864, Maj. George W. Kirk, a
Unionist native of Greeneville in East
Tennessee, organized the 3rd North
Carolina Mounted Infantry (U.S.). He
recruited men and boys from western
North Carolina, especially in nearby
Madison County, as well as in East Tennessee. Kirk and his men became
famous, or infamous, for their raids on
Confederate sympathizers and training
camps in western North Carolina.
“James Bennett’s House, Where Johnston Surrendered,”
Harper’s Weekly
South, first captured Atlanta and then
marched to the sea, occupying Savannah.
The Carolinas, South and North, felt
the weight of Sherman’s boot early in 1865.
Fort Fisher, the “Gibraltar of the South”
that protected the blockade-running capital of Wilmington, N.C., fell in mid-January,
cutting the supply lifeline to Lee in Virginia. Grant, meanwhile, forced Lee’s lines
westward around Petersburg until they
finally broke at Five Forks on April 1, a
week and a half after Sherman almost
crushed Confederate Gen. Joseph E. Johnston’s army at Bentonville, North Carolina.
Lee evacuated Petersburg and Richmond
and marched his dwindling army west, hoping to turn south and join Johnston. Grant
blocked his way, however, and cornered
him at Appomattox Court House, where Lee
surrendered on April 9. The Confederate
government fled south through North Carolina. In Washington, John Wilkes Booth
assassinated Lincoln on April 14 at Ford’s
Theater, then fled through southeastern
Maryland to Virginia, where he was shot
and killed on April 26. On that same day, at
Bennett Place near Raleigh, North Carolina, Johnston surrendered to Sherman,
essentially ending the Civil War.
★
★
★
★
1864
13
Point Harbor
Fort
Branch
Rocky Mount
Tarboro
(Multiple Sites)
64
Princeville
264
301
Tranters
Creek
Greenville
Grimsley
Church
(N
or
th
Ca
rol
i na
Scuffleton
Bridge
Black
Jack
Hookerton
17
St. John’s
Kinston Church
(Multiple Sites)
RR )
117
Mount
Olive
Washington
(Multiple Sites)
258
Goldsboro 13
(Multiple Sites)
General John G. Foster
Wyse Fork
Union Attack 70
at Southwest Creek
Engagement
at Whitehall
New Bern
(Multiple Sites)
258
17
Confederate
States Armory
40
70
Jacksonville
(Cushing’s New
River Raid)
Bogue Sound
Block House
17
To
Wilmington
Huggins Island Battery
at Hammocks Beach SP
North Carolina
Historic Sites
919-733-7862
www.nchistoricsites.org
North Carolina Museum
of History
919-807-7900
www.ncmuseumofhistory.org
Civil War Preservation Trust
888-606-1400
www.civilwar.org
Duplin County TDC
910-296-2181
www.duplintourism.org
Elizabeth City CVB
866-324-8948
www.discoverec.org
COASTAL REGION
Greene County C. of C.
252-747-8090
www.greenechamber.com
Brunswick County
800-795-7263
www.ncbrunswick.com
Greenville-Pitt County CVB
800-537-5564
www.visitgreenvillenc.com
Cape Fear Coast CVB
877-945-6386
www.explorecapefearcoast.com
Kinston-Lenoir County CVB
800-869-0032
www.visitkinston.com
Martin County TTA
800-776-8566
www.visitmartincounty.com
Davidson Co. Historical Museum
336-242-2035
www.visitdavidsoncounty.com
New Bern/Craven County CVB
800-437-5767
www.visitnewbern.com
Durham CVB
800-446-8604
www.durham-nc.com
Onslow County Tourism
800-932-2144
www.onslowcountytourism.com
Edgecombe ARTS
252-823-4159
www.edgecombearts.org
Perquimans County C. of C.
252-426-5657
www.perquimans.com
Fayetteville Area CVB
800-255-8217
www.visitfayettevillenc.com
Washington County
Travel and Tourism
252-793-3248
www.visitwashington
countync.com
Greater Goldsboro
Travel and Tourism
919-734-2245
www.greatergoldsboro.com
Washington TDA
800-999-3857
www.originalwashington.com
Cherokee veterans of Thomas’s Legion at the
1903 Confederate Reunion in New Orleans.
PIEDMONT REGION
Averasboro Battlefield
& Museum
910-891-5019
www.averasboro.com
Fort Macon, in Carteret Co., surrendered to Union forces
on April 26, 1862.
Bentonville Battlefield
910-594-0789
www.bentonvillebattlefield.
nchistoricsites.org
Greater Raleigh CVB
800-849-8499
www.visitraleigh.com
Halifax County TDA
800-522-4282
www.visithalifax.com
Johnston County
Visitors Bureau
800-441-7829
www.johnstoncountync.org
Laurinburg/Scotland County
Area C. of C.
910-276-7420
www.laurinburgchamber.com
Newport
Barracks
Carolina City
Civil War Trails Site
Beaufort
Hoop Pole Fort Macon
Creek State Park
Information or Welcome Center
RAIDS AGAINST THE LIFELINE
N
orth Carolina’s factories supplied Confederate armies with shoes, clothing,
weapons, and other necessities during the
war. In addition, ships loaded with European goods ran the Union blockade of the
Southern coastline to such ports as Wilmington, North Carolina, guarded by Fort
Fisher. A network of rail lines, especially
the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad and
the Petersburg Railroad (also called the
Weldon Railroad), transported supplies to
Gen. Robert E. Lee’s army in Virginia.
After Federal forces occupied most of
North Carolina’s barrier islands and coastline in 1862, they attacked the state’s railroads, factories, and naval facilities. In
December 1862, Union Gen. John G. Foster
marched from New Bern to Goldsboro and
burned the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad bridge. Union Gen. Edward E. Potter,
raiding from New Bern in July 1863,
destroyed mills, trains, and bridges, including the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad
bridge at Rocky Mount. The Confederates
quickly restored rail service after each
raid. In October 1864, U.S. Navy Lt. William
B. Cushing destroyed the ironclad CSS
Albemarle at Plymouth, in one of several
attacks on river defenses.
By August 1864, Wilmington was the
last major Confederate seaport open to
blockade runners. After two attempts,
Union forces captured Fort Fisher on January 15, 1865, then secured rail centers
such as Goldsboro. Lee’s supply line was
cut, and the war ended three months later.
January 15 Surrender of Fort Fisher, N.C.
September 29 Battle of Chaffin’s Farm and
New Market Heights, Va.
June 22–30 Wilson-Kautz Raid, Va.
★
1865
February 1–April 26 Sherman’s Carolinas Campaign, S.C. and N.C.
March 19–21 Battle of Bentonville, N.C.
March 24–April 26 Stoneman’s Raid, Va. and N.C.
April 1 Battle of Five Forks, Va.
April 2–3 Fall of Petersburg and Richmond, Va., Lee’s Retreat Begins, Va.
May 2–October 19 Shenandoah Valley Campaigns, Va.
September 19 Third Battle of Winchester, Va.
October 19 Battle of Cedar Creek, Va.
October 27 Cushing Torpedoes CSS Albermarle, N.C.
★
Lincolnton-Lincoln County
C. of C.
704-735-3096
www.lincolnchambernc.org
Harper House, at Bentonville Battlefield State Historic Site
in Johnston Co., was a field hospital.
Hatteras
(Graveyard
of the Atlantic
Museum)
Kenansville
North Carolina Division
of Tourism, Film & Sports
Development
4324 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-4324
800-VISITNC
www.visitnc.com
Dismal Swamp Canal
Welcome Center
252-771-8333
www.dismalswamp.com
Roanoke
Island
Festival
Park
Plymouth
(Multiple Sites)
64
Falkland
Lexington TA
866-604-2389
www.visitlexingtonnc.com
Currituck C. of C. and
Visitors Center
252-453-9497
www.currituckchamber.com
Freedmen’s
Colony
Williamston
(Asa Biggs House)
The following further explore and
expand upon the story of the Civil War:
North Carolina Office of
Archives and History
919-807-7280
www.ah.dcr.state.nc.us
Edenton
(Battle of Albemarle Sound)
17
64
THE CIVIL WAR REVISITED
Crystal Coast TA
800-786-6962
www.sunnync.com
158
95
May 15 Battle of New Market, Va.
May 26–June 21 Hunter’s Raid, Va.
Chowan County TDA
800-775-0111
www.visitedenton.com
Hertford
(USCT Monument)
258
May 4–June 20 Overland Campaign, Va.
May 5–6 Battle of the Wilderness, Va.
May 8–19 Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, Va.
May 31–June 12 Battle of Cold Harbor, Va.
June 15 Siege of Petersburg begins, Va.
May 1–3 Battle of Chancellorsville, Va.
May 10 Death of Stonewall Jackson, Va.
June 9 Battle of Brandy Station, Va.
Moyock
Knotts Island
Henry
Currituck County CH
Shaw
Maple
House
Battle of Elizabeth City
Albemarle &
Museum of the Albemarle
Chesapeake Canal
Indiantown
Creek Bridge
Wingfield
Battle of
South Mills
17
April 17–20 Battle of Plymouth, N.C.
October 14 Battle of Bristoe Station, Va.
THE EASTERN CAMPAIGNS
rom the beginning of the Civil
War until its end, the proximity
of the national capitals—Washington, D.C., and Richmond, Virginia—made the Eastern Seaboard a center of military activity. Union blood was
first shed in the Baltimore Riots of April
19, 1861, and some of the last Confederate
casualties of the war fell in North Carolina four years later. The tides of war swept
over Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina again and again.
Confederate President Jefferson
Davis directed a defensive war at first.
When U.S. forces marched into northern
Virginia in July 1861, the result was a
stunning Confederate victory at Manassas
Junction. The Federals fared better along
the northeastern coast of North Carolina,
where Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside defeated
Confederate gunboats and land forces.
Gen. George B. McClellan led a massive U.S. army up the Peninsula against
Richmond in the spring of 1862, but Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee repulsed it
near the city limits in the Seven Days’
Battles in June. In the Shenandoah Valley,
meanwhile, Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall”
Jackson defeated several Union armies
before joining Lee at Richmond. Together,
The Market House, Fayetteville Photo: John S. Salmon
485
RA L EIG H
(Multiple Sites)
64
January 11–March 14 Burnside Expedition, N.C.
September 4–19 Antietam Campaign, Va., Md., W.Va.
February 8 Battle of Roanoke Island, N.C.
September 14 Battle of South Mountain, Md.
March 14 Battle of New Bern, N.C.
September 17 Battle of Antietam, Md.
March 9 Battle of Hampton Roads (Monitor vs. Virginia), Va.
December 13 Battle of Fredericksburg, Va.
March 23–June 9 Jackson’s Shenandoah Valley Campaign, Va.
April 4–June 25 Peninsula Campaign, Va.
December 11–18 Foster’s Raid, N.C.
April 12 Shots fired at Fort Sumter, Charleston, S.C.
April 15 President Abraham Lincoln calls for volunteers to suppress “insurrection”
April 17 Virginia secedes
April 19 Baltimore Riots
May 21 North Carolina secedes
NORTH CAROLINA
74
440
R)
n R
S O U T H
70
501
Jackson
(Battle of Boone’s Mill)
Historic Halifax
CSS Albemarle
301
ldo
C HAR LOTTE
401
40
We
n &
85
25
Information or Welcome Center
n December 21, 1864, Union Gen. William
T. Sherman completed his “March to the
Sea” and captured Savannah, Georgia. He soon
headed north through the Carolinas, planning
ultimately to link his army with those that
Union general-in-chief Ulysses S. Grant accompanied in Virginia.
Sherman marched into South Carolina
on February 1, 1865. Confederate Gen. Joseph
E. Johnston concentrated his forces in central
North Carolina. Sherman divided his army
into left and right wings and entered the Tar
Heel State early in March. Union Gen. John M.
Schofield’s troops, en route to Goldsboro from
Wilmington, repulsed Confederate Gen. Braxton Bragg’s forces at Wyse Fork near Kinston
on March 8–10.
Sherman occupied Fayetteville the next
day, then marched north. On March 16, Confederate Gen. William J. Hardee delayed Sherman’s left wing near Averasboro. Johnston
attacked Sherman three days later at Bentonville, where the Confederates at first routed
the lead Federal division. The two Union wings
then merged and almost severed Johnston’s
line of retreat on March 21. He withdrew
toward Smithfield that night, and Sherman
reached Goldsboro and Schofield on March 23.
Sherman advanced toward Raleigh on
April 10, while Johnston retreated to Greensboro. Learning of Gen. Robert E. Lee’s April 9
surrender at Appomattox Court House, they
came to terms on April 26 at Bennett Place
near Durham after much negotiation. Johnston surrendered almost 90,000 Confederate
troops in the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida.
158
Winton
Wilmington & Weldon RR
gto
221
176
64
49
O
Carolinas Campaign Driving Route
540
Murfreesboro
(Roberts-Vaughn House)
Roanoke Canal
158
1
min
74
Civil War Trails Site
( W il
Hendersonville
The Last
Encampment
Bennett Place
Leigh
Farm
The Mountaineer
213
n March 24, 1865, Union Gen. George
Stoneman led 6,000 cavalrymen from Tennessee into western North Carolina and southwestern Virginia to disrupt the Confederate
supply line by destroying sections of the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad, the North Carolina Railroad, and the Piedmont Railroad.
He also sought to liberate Union prisoners-ofwar held in Salisbury and hoped to deprive
the Confederate armies of supplies, cut off
avenues of retreat, and encourage Unionists
in western and central North Carolina.
Stoneman struck at Boone on March 28,
then divided his force and sent part into Virginia on April 2; it returned to North Carolina
a week later. On April 12, the Federals occupied Salisbury and burned the already abandoned prison, as well as public buildings,
industrial structures, and supply depots.
Stoneman moved west the next day, dividing
his command again in the face of limited
resistance. Other than a fight at Swannanoa
Gap, Stoneman and his cavalrymen encountered only bushwhackers and isolated groups
of Confederate soldiers.
Stoneman’s forces approached Asheville
on April 23, negotiated a truce, and rode
through the streets on April 26, while Confederate Gen. Joseph E. Johnston surrendered to Union Gen. William T. Sherman near
Durham. Two days later, part of Stoneman’s
force returned to Asheville to loot. Other
elements either continued to Tennessee or
joined the pursuit of Confederate President
Jefferson Davis into Georgia. Stoneman’s
Raid had ended.
Duke
Homestead
D U RH A M
Durham’s Station
Brassfield
Station
85
★
★
Wilkes County C. of C.
336-838-8662
www.wilkesnc.org
Orange County Visitor Center
919-732-7741
www.historichillsborough.org
Caldwell County C. of C./TDA
800-737-0782
www.caldwellcochamber.org
Rockingham County TDA
800-316-7625
www.ncnorthstar.com
Franklin Area C. of C.
877-254-2583
www.franklin-chamber.com
Rowan County CVB
800-332-2343
www.visitsalisburync.com
Graham County TTA
800-470-3790
www.grahamcountytravel.com
Statesville CVB
877-531-1819
www.visitstatesville.org
The North Carolina, Virginia and Maryland
Civil War Trails programs invite you to
explore both well-known and less familiar
sites associated with America’s greatest
drama. Together, more than 750 places
tell the epic and heart-felt stories of civilians and soldiers who experienced triumph and tragedy during the war.
This map-guide identifies nearly
200 sites throughout North Carolina. Each
site is interpreted and accessible and
encourages you to explore diverse settings where America’s destiny was forged.
Entire Trails and regions can be explored
at your own pace, and many sites offer
other historical and recreational opportunities. Enjoy one of the numerous walking
tours available in many communities.
Solicit the services of an outfitter for a
once-in-a-lifetime adventure through the
scenic and historic countryside. Shop at
one of hundreds of antique and specialty
shops, dine in 19th century taverns and
inns, or simply walk amid the serenity of a
preserved battlefield and let the stories
you’ve discovered ignite your imagination
as you envision how now peaceful landscapes were once the scenes of the deadliest battles known to man.
For more detailed travel information,
visit any North Carolina, Virginia or
Maryland Welcome Center or local Visitor
Center, or contact any of the organizations listed in this guide. For additional
Civil War Trails information, visit
www.civilwartrails.org.
Asheville CVB
800-920-1437
www.exploreasheville.com
Burke County TTC
888-462-2921
www.burkecountytourism.org
Haywood County TDA
800-334-9036
www.smokeymountains.net
Jackson County TTA
800-962-1911
www.mountainlovers.com
Madison County TDA
877-262-3476
www.visitmadisoncounty.com
North Carolina State
Capitol Building, Raleigh
Maggie Valley Area
Visitors Bureau
800-624-4431
www.maggievalley.org
Stokes County ED
336-593-2496
www.stokescounty.org
McDowell County TDA
888-233-6111
www.mcdowellnc.org
Thomasville Tourism
Commission
800-611-9907
www.thomasvilletourism.com
Rutherford County TDA
800-849-5998
www.rutherfordtourism.com
Vance County Tourism
252-438-2222
www.kerrlake-nc.com
Yadkin Valley C. of C.
336-526-1111
www.yadkinvalley.org
Yancey County/Burnsville
C. of C.
800-948-1632
www.visityancey.com
Follow this sign to discover
more than 750 Civil War
sites along ten breathtaking
trails. Hundreds of sites
are accessible to the public
for the fi
firrst time.
How to Use this Map-Guide
MOUNTAIN REGION
Northampton County C. of C.
252-534-1383
www.northamptonchamber.org
April 9 Robert E. Lee surrenders at Appomattox Court House, Va.
April 10 Last Confederate Cabinet Meeting, Danville, Va.
April 14 John Wilkes Booth assassinates President Abraham Lincoln, flees through Southern Maryland
April 26 Gen. Joseph E. Johnston surrenders near Durham, N.C.
April 26 John Wilkes Booth killed near Port Royal, Va.
BALTIMORE
WASHINGTON, D.C.
RICHMOND
RALEIGH
85
95
NORTH CAROLINA TRAILS INFORMATION
1.800. VISIT NC
www.visitnc.com
★★★
VIRGINIA TRAILS INFORMATION
1.888 . CIVILWAR
www.virginia.org
Follow these signs
to more than
750 Civil War sites
in North Carolina,
Virginia, and Maryland
★★★
MARYLAND TRAILS INFORMATION
Enjoy the scenic and historic countryside throughout North Carolina.
Brochure Design by Communication Design, Inc., Richmond, VA
40
Roanoke Canal
Museum
CAROLINAS CAMPAIGN
85
© 2007 Virginia Civil War Trails, Inc.
Stoneman’s Raid
Civil War Trails Site
West
Point
Hillsborough
STONEMAN’S RAID
1.888 . CIVILWR
www.visitmaryland.org
H
B ER
TH R
D
UL
SIS
KC
NN
701
295
11
306
New Bern
Academy Hospital
John Wright Stanly House
Jones House
Union
Point Park
258
New Bern
Battlefield
11
REE
MS
C
D
EK R
RE
ASHEVILLE
Canton
(Locust Field Cemetery)
Cashiers
(Zachary-Tolbert
House)
178
Sandford
House
17
ST
Fort Johnston
Carolina Beach
State Park
Fort Fisher
Battery Buchanan
John Wright
Stanly House
Jones
House
SOUT
H FRO
To
Cameron
Art Museum
76
Fort Macon
State Park
on
al
Se
as
ho
re
oo
ko
ut
Na
ti
Hoop Pole
Creek
Cape Lookout Lighthouse
R I V E R
Ocracoke
Lighthouse
“The importance of the point [Hatteras]
cannot be overrated. … From there the whole
coast of Virginia and North Carolina …
is within our reach. … From it offensive operations may be made upon the whole coast
of North Carolina … extending many miles
inland. … In the language of … an official
report, ‘it is the key of the Albemarle.’”
Gen. Benjamin F. Butler, U.S. Army,
Aug. 30, 1861
Attmore-Oliver
House
Tryon
Palace
ST
GE
ST
AR
ND
EN
CH
Cat Hole of the Neuse
70
LI
BUS
70
17
Stall’s
Battery
11
NEW BERN
V
R I
E
R
0
5
10
15
20
Mileage Scale
Union Point Park
Wyse Fork
258
New Bern
Battlefield
(4 miles)
Bald Head
Island
Confederate
Retreat
E
N E U
Last Mass
Confederate Union Capture
Line of Defense
POLLOCK ST
NT ST
DAWSON ST.
To
Fort Fisher
N
ras
CSS Neuse
Historic Site
EAST FRONT ST
F E A R
Free
Ferry
BROAD ST
BERN ST
E R
R I V
17TH ST
4TH ST
16TH ST
Cape Fear
Museum
WOOSTER ST.
PER
SON
421
Fort
Anderson
Remains of the Ironclad CSS Neuse,
CSS Neuse Historic Site, Kinston
NEW ST
CRAVEN ST
Fayetteville
Independent Light
Infantry Parade
Grounds
Wilmington
National
Cemetery
ST
MIDDLE ST
AN
NS
T
GREE
N ST
Market
House
24
74
17
N
EE
QU
HANCOCK ST
L S
T
MARKET ST
Bellamy
Mansion
New Bern
Academy Hospital
METCALF ST
ST
87
PRINCESS ST
Forks Road
Engagement
at Cameron
Art Museum
JOHNSON ST
EDEN ST
IN
133
CHESTNUT ST
GRO
VE S
T
C
y
Ferr
eH
ap
e
att
CSS Albemarle
76
WILMINGTON
Oakdale
Cemetery
GRACE ST
3RD ST
AVE
RAY
T
NS
ROB
NKL
SEL
COO
L SP
RIN
ALE
G S
XAN
T
DER
ST
64
401
FRA
RUS
GILL
ESPIE
ST
DIC
KS
T
EW
AY
FRE
JR .
THE
276
MA
IDE
NL
AN
E
OLD ST
301
Cross Creek
Cemetery
ST
Macon Co.
Historical
Museum
ROW
AN
ST
W
64
25
LAM
ON
ST
MAS
ON
ST
(At WWII Memorial)
HAY ST
WILMINGTON
Wilmington
Railroad
Museum
70
Huggins Island Battery
at Hammocks Beach State Park
117
76
GE ST
176
Museum
of the
Cape Fear
MO
ORE
ST
BO
74
64
74
FAYETTEVILLE
12
rry
17
GEOR
ARSENAL AVE
Edward Hale House
BRADFORD AVE
M A RT
IN LU
RK
AY
Franklin
(Dixie Hall)
W ROWAN ST
R KI
64
PA
W
Thomas’s Legion
19B
NG
26
GE
441
87
301
ST
E
D
National Forest
RAMSEY
BLU
276
Pisgah
ORANGE ST
24
D
NR
ISO
RCH
MU
VD
BL
G
AG
BR
Greenhill
Cemetery
RI
211
58
74A
ESO
Battle
House
23
74
40
Sergeant Powhatan Beaty, 5th U.S.C.T.
Beaty’s regiment fought at the Forks Road
engagement on Feb. 20-21, 1865, against
the last Confederate stand before the
Federals captured Wilmington on Feb. 22.
40
Waynesville
Engagement
74
129
421
Vance
Birthplace
C A
P E
L
276
23
CHEROHALA SKYW
AY
SmithMcDowell
House
N .
E R
19
19
Confederate States Armory sword guard
cast in letters CSA, Confederate States
Armory, Kenansville, North Carolina
Courtesy Liberty Hall, Kenansville, N.C.
Fe
re
sho (Graveyard of the
Sea
Atlantic Museum)
l
a
n
atio
R
Great Smoky Mountains National Park
Nantahala National Forest
Lumberton
Hatteras
To
ll
R
F E A
PA
25
R
Carolina
City
Morehead City
Beaufort
24
E
RIV
26
301
E
Barracks
Bogue Sound
Block House
W
70
74
IV
E . C A P E
A
Mars Hill
College
N
R)
n R
Marshall
(Col. Allen House)
R
501
9
213
R
ldo
Hot Springs
(Warm Springs Hotel)
E
e
& W
213
Maggie Valley
(Kirk’s Raid)
129
Stewart-HawleyMalloy House
AP
Colonel William H. Thomas
Courtesy North Carolina
Office of Archives and History
Robbinsville
(Civil War in
Graham County)
401
Cheraw
101
70 Newport
Jacksonville
Cushing’s New River Raid
on
79
Laurinburg
Ferry
12
Havelock
ngt
N
95
RD
Cape Hatteras
Lighthouse
S O U N D
I V
IRE
DW
OL
Free Ferry
58
17
Laurel Hill
Church
Laurel Hill
19W
Cedar
Island
NWR
I V
E R
117
lmi
HIA
Murdoch
Morrison
Gun Factory
74
(Wi
C
LA
1
Bethel
Church
B
William H. Thomas to his wife,
June 17, 1861
52
E
R
E R
Wagram
601
S
Confederate
States Armory
M
L U
“The mountains of Western North Carolina
would be the center of the Confederacy;
we shall then have one of the most prosperous countries in the world. It will become
connected with every part of the South
by railroad. It will then become the center
of manufacturing for the Southern market
[and] the place where the southern people
will spend their money, educate their
children, and very probably make laws
for the nation.”
I
TR
87
Toll
Croatan
National
Forest
15
Rockingham
U
41
Kenansville
301
12
Lantern recovered
fron the USS Monitor,
Graveyard of the
Atlantic Museum.
Courtesy NOAA
S
74
401
211
501
Attmore-Oliver
House Museum
70
58
24
ay
P A M L I C O
New Bern
FAY E T T E V I L L E
77
Pea
Island
NWR
E
Cherokee Indian Chuttahsotee’s rifle, Thomas’s Legion
Courtesy Macon County Historical Museum
Confederate
Wyse Fork
Line of Defense
Union Attack
at Southwest Creek
40
421
264
17
N
Market House and square in Fayetteville, late 19th century.
Courtesy North Carolina State Archive
Bodie Island
Lighthouse
118
DU
210
Roanoke
Island
Alligator
River
NWR
A L L I G A T O R
LVD
RD
82
13
w
Roanoke Island
Festival Park
64
Swanquarter
NWR
Cap
eL
(P
485
Engagement
at Whitehall
55
Mount
Olive
W
r
ate
NAGS HEAD
264
R IV
ER
S o u t h w e s t
Civil War Trails Site
e e k
REE
MS
C
MI B
A
D
)
RR
ied
mo
nt
Church
ST
178
74
87
S
Lake
Wylie
111
55
Jockey’s Ridge
State Park
General Benjamin F. Butler
117
Departing
Averasboro
158
Lake Mattamuskeet NWR
Cat Hole
CSS Neuse
Kinston
Historic Site
Confederate Retreat
Last Mass Union Capture
Stall’s Battery
581
13
AM
276
401 Old Bluff
R
PE
AR
D
ST
24
601
55
ER
US
HO
ON
CHARLOTTE
Dunn
DIS
25
Averasboro
Battlefield Museum
C.S. 3rd Line
Merging of the Armies
Bentonville Battlefield
ST
210
85
Route to
Bentonville
Grifton
St. John’s
Church
RD
AD
27
AN
TON
49
58
Battle of
Goldsboro Bridge
LI
CO
43
HA NR AH
Hookerton
M
PLYMOUTH
A Y
301
13
Goldsboro
Wayne County Museum
PA
tal
64
R W
T E
W A
87
501
15
Hannah’s Creek
Village of Bentonville
11
123
coas
Siege of Washington
Black
Jack
R
V E
R I
27
ACK RD
TR
CE
Concord
RA
221
176
24
C.S. Line
of March
L
VI
27
109
DE
29
74B
74
421
52
Lowesville
Willow
Dale
Cemetery
I n t er
Washington
USS Picket
99
R
Kannapolis
273
Rutherfordton
70
Oakdale Cemetery
33
Scuffleton
Bridge
Grimsley
Church
Hastings
House
Greenville
903
258
U.S. Line
of March
26
64
Mitchener
Station
Smithfield
210
74A
National Forest
264
H
R T
220
77
Cottage Home
E
40
Alligator
Lake
32
301
264
401
Pocosin
Lakes
NWR
Tranters
Creek
12
O
Harris
Lake
I V
70
70
Lincolnton
Somerset Place
Phelps Lake
Falkland
ST
Freedmen’s
Colony
43
Wilson
95
BUS
85
R
276
301
Clayton
221
Chimney Rock Village
(Hickory Nut Gorge)
Pisgah
“Battle of Bentonville,”
Harper’s Weekly
4TH
158
Creswell
64
ST
Point Harbor
Columbia
Plymouth
Asa Biggs House
64A
Garner
1
321
74A
K
Canton
(Locust Field Cemetery)
Jordan
Lake
75
16
N
Lake
Norman
49
Salisbury
Williamston
64
3RD
R
40
C.S.Military
Prison
Asheboro
Princeville
Ausbon
House
ST
N D
S O U
64
R
64
Old Fort
(Swannanoa Gap)
Rowan County Courthouse
Hall House
IV
R I
V E
R
17
V E
R I
ASHEVILLE
55
64
64
R
94
RALEIGH
R
V E
R I
Newton
Marion
SmithMcDowell
House
21
A
74
E
S
Cary
D E
E P
64
I M
A N
E
A R L
E M
B
L
A
Fort Branch
Edgecombe Cemetery
BlountBridges
House
440
54
R
501
70
40
40
I
E
70
Tarboro
U
13
Hamilton
64
T
Carson House
Lexington
147
Roanoke River
NWR
98
70
109
Hickory
Brassfield
Station
Q
R
Morganton
E
DURHAM
L
R
Edenton
(Battle of Albemarle Sound)
17
Rocky
Mount
540
Chapel Hill
311
Falls Lake
E
A
Vance
Birthplace
85
Homestead
Statesville
Iredell Co. Court House
A
125
Hertford
(USCT Monument) P
T
25
16
H
49
Thomasville
601
64
Rocky Ford
Engagement
421
Piedmont
Railroad
Davidson Co.
Courthouse
18
D
EK R
RE
Cemetery
220
V
R I
64
Mars Hill
College
26
Jefferson Davis
Encampment
W
64
Hospitals
64
Lenoir
(St. James Church)
54
4
O
L
221
1
I V
E R
U
T
19E
85
High Point
40
Bennett
Place Durham’s
Station
Leigh
Farm
258
N
Q
17
903
Duke
Homestead
The Last
Encampment
A
95
15
Historic
West Stagville
Point
O
S
T
52
21
R
R
213
Hot Springs
Warm Springs Hotel
Hillsborough
13
11
301
85
501
85
40
Historical
Museum
311
Pisgah National Forest
70
ina RR
th Carol
)
Burlington
45
125
70
40
Indiantown
Albemarle &
Creek Bridge Chesapeake Canal
PA
R
V E
R I
GR E E N S BOR O
Patterson Mill
Burnsville
(John McElroy House)
Marshall
(Col. Allen House)
(Nor
77
68
213
29
421
Battle of Elizabeth City
Museum of the Albemarle
Wingfield
49
WI NSTON- SALEM
Fort
Hamby
321
34
32
E
O K
L
Pisgah National Forest
19W
Wilkesboro
343
Burning of Winton
Winton
Jackson
Kittrell
Confederate
Cemetery
R
VE
RI
AI
A P P A L A CH I A N T R
601
Battle of Boone’s Mill
Historic Halifax
CSS Albemarle
903
Piedmont
Railroad
158
Murfreesboro
(RobertsVaughn House)
N
Belews
Lake
RALEIGH
Henderson
Reidsville
220
Weldon
48
BLVD
158
158
IN
ST
DURHAM
65
Roanoke
Rapids
A L
S T
311
Wentworth
Cemetery
MAR
TIN LUTHER KIN
G JR
Roanoke Canal
Wilmington & Weldon RR
MA
ST
T
704
15
158
14
Vance’s Governor’s Mansion
70
158
TW ALEXANDER DR
540
ENO
Birds-eye view of the C.S. Military
Prison, lithograph by C.A. Kraus
in 1886, Salisbury, N.C.
LENOIR ST
54
40
Roanoke
Canal
Museum
CABARRUS ST
TER
WA
SON
Annie Eliza
Wentworth Johns
Madison
401
SOUTH ST
87
Rockford
(York Tavern)
421
Brassfield
Station
Dismal Swamp
National Wildlife
Refuge
Battle of
South Mills
C H
O W A N
Boone
147
RD
Mackay Island
National Wildlife Refuge
Moyock
Knotts Island
Currituck County
Currituck NWR
Free
Courthouse
Ferry
Henry Shaw
Currituck
Maple
House
Beach
Lighthouse
Seven Patriot
Heroes
DAVIE ST
W
S
OE
Scales
Law Office
Hanging Rock
State Park
Moratock Iron
Furnace
52
321
LIS
301
17
258
A
421
Leigh
Farm
NW
AL
MARTIN ST
Glencoe
Thomaston
Battle of Plymouth
(Port o’ Plymouth
Museum)
Cushing’s
Torpedo
13
35
95
FER
135
74
268
751
NEW BERN AVE
State
Capitol
1
55
Leaksville Cotton Mill
Y
Siloam
(Reeves
Homeplace)
CO
R
EDENTON ST
Fort Compher
Battlefield
CSS Albemarle
ING
89
HARGETT ST
58
MA
Eden
89
58
Franklin
58
SH
WA
Dan
River
501
70
Emporia
(Village View Manor)
58
JONES ST
St.
58 Mary’s School
HILLSBOROUGH ST
98
LANE ST
58
Village of
Village of
Riddick’s Deep Creek
Great Bridge
Folly
Dismal
Siege of
Pleasant Grove
Swamp
Suffolk
Baptist Church 168 Gabriel Chapel &
Canal
Cemetery
Cuffeytown Cemetery
J EF
RIDGE
UE
N
220
360
15
VER
RI
58
501
NC Museum
of History
Backwater
Line
NR
MO
BL
WA
Boydton
(Boyd Tavern)
Courtland
(Mahone’s Tavern)
C O
E R
I N T
221
K
PA R
15
MIA
Danville
(Multiple Sites)
8
Mount
Airy
ST
58
Martinsville
103
O XB
ORO
773
58
21
360
Oakwood
Cemetery
OAKWOOD AVE
E
LAN
KIN
RAN
77
70
Durham’s Station
Laurel Hill
(J.E.B. Stuart
Birthplace)
58
85
BUS
Place
POLK ST
GLENWOOD ST
29
58
52
221
SR
221
21
Bennett 360
ST MARY’S ST
Halifax Court House
Carolinas Campaign Driving Route
58
Cr
Union Attack
at Southwest Creek
State or National Forest
KINSTON
Information or Welcome Center