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TACCLE_training in Ghent / Belgium
HANDOUT
Podcasting
Introduction and short manuals
TACCLE_Workshop Ghent / Belgium
Conference day
17th of October 2009
Silvia Grillitsch and Niki van Mechelen
This Comenius project has been funded with support from the European Commission
(project nummer: 133863-LLP-1-2007-1-BE-COMENIUS-CMP).
These handouts reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible
for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.
TACCLE_project, www.taccle.eu
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Table of content
1.
2.
3.
4.
What is a podcast?............................................................................................... 3
How to use podcasts in the context of learning? .................................................. 3
Where can I find examples?................................................................................. 4
Which podcast is the best for you purpose? ........................................................ 4
4.1. Audio-podcast ............................................................................................... 4
4.2. Screencast .................................................................................................... 5
4.3. Video-podcast ............................................................................................... 6
5. How to produce an audio-podcast with Audacity ................................................. 7
5.1. Installation ..................................................................................................... 7
5.2. Settings ......................................................................................................... 8
5.3. Recording ...................................................................................................... 9
5.4. Editing Tools ................................................................................................ 10
5.5. Importing music and sound ......................................................................... 11
5.6. Fade in/out .................................................................................................. 11
5.7. Export as MP3 ............................................................................................. 11
5.8. Adding metadata ......................................................................................... 12
6. Publication and storage of podcasts .................................................................. 13
6.1. Websites and Learning Management Systems (LMS)................................. 13
6.2. Weblog ........................................................................................................ 13
6.3. Podcatcher .................................................................................................. 15
7. How to produce a video-podcast with Capture Flux and Windows Movie Maker 16
7.1. Capture from your webcam ......................................................................... 16
7.2. Edit your movie ............................................................................................ 17
7.3. Editing the clips ........................................................................................... 20
7.4. Removing audio from a video clip................................................................ 21
7.5. Adding audio to your video clip .................................................................... 22
7.6. Adding titles ................................................................................................. 24
7.7. Adding effects (fx)........................................................................................ 27
7.8. Saving the project and publishing the movie ............................................... 28
7.9. Posting your movie ...................................................................................... 32
8. Resources .......................................................................................................... 34
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Podcasting
1. What is a podcast?
Podcasting is a kind of publication of audiovisual content on the web. One single
podcast is an audio or a video-file produced on a computer and published on the
web. Podcasting itself is the process of producing and publishing a podcast or a serie
of podcasts for the web or for mobile devices like (mp3-Player, iPods or mobile
phones). It´s an easy way to offer audiovisual content and a lot of people offering
their content by using a podcatcher to let others be part of their knowledge and ideas.
By using a podcatcher like for example iTunes your audience will be able to receive
automatically your latest news.
Image 1: Process of podcasting, Meng, 2005
2. How to use podcasts in the context of learning?
In the context of learning a podcast is first of all a single learning object which could
contain speech (from the teacher, the students, interview partners,...), sound, images
and movies. The most common podcasts are audio-podcasts in comparison to videopodcasts and screencasts. A podcast can be published by using a podcatcher or
they can be offered within digital learning environments like a personal website, a
weblog or learning management systems.
1. You can search via Internet for resources and offer them to your students as
learning material. You just have to find appropriate resources on the web for
example with the help of a podcatcher like iTunes for audio-podcasts or
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enhanced podcasts or on Youtube for video-podcasts.
2. You can produce podcasts for you students.
3. You can let your students produce (or in cooperation with them) series of
podcasts as project outcome or for homework. Those active learning
processes will lead to a deeper interaction with learning content.
Beyond subject related skills a lot of soft skills will be trained while producing and
publishing a podcasts. Audio-podcasts can easily be used for reading and
understanding stories in languages course. In subjects like history, geographic,
chemistry or physics you can think about videocasts as well, if visualization helps to
understand the complexity of a subject. In fact it depends on your learning objectives
and subject. What do you want your students should be able to after producing or
learning with the help of a podcast. In addition they will
•
•
•
learn how to work in teams and improve their social competence,
learn about audio, video on the internet and improve their media
competence and
gain a deeper understanding of the learning content itself
3. Where can I find examples?

iTunes
Youtube
Podcast directories (like podcastalley.com, podcast.net)
4. Which podcast is the best for you purpose?
Producing a podcast depends the learning objectives which should be reached with
the audio and/or visual content and on the equipment which is available for producing
and publishing it. First of all we will explain the main three kinds of podcasts and their
pros and cons.
4.1.
Audio-podcast
An audio-podcast can contain speech, sound and music, for example lectures,
explanations, interviews, reportages, radio plays, short stories and so on.
Pro:
•
•
•
can be produced easy and at low costs
can be downloaded to mobile devices and used for mobile learning
low filesize in comparison to video-podcasts
Con:
• no visual information can be included except of an image (podcast logo) which
will be visible in a podcatcher
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Image 2: Audio-podcast recorded with Audacity on a Mac
Image 3: Audio-podcast recorded with GarageBand using a Mac
4.2.
Screencast
A screencast can contain speech, sound and music as well as all kind of images and
screenshots from computer screens.
Pro:
•
•
Easy to produce audio-visual content without using a digital camera
High potential for creative interaction with learning content
Con:
• Students need to sit in front of the computer while interacting with the podcast
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Image 4: Screencast produced with iMovie on a Mac
4.3.
Video-podcast
A video-podcast is based on a movie which can be produced on the computer
(integrated webcam) or by using a digital camera like one included in a mobile
phone, a digital camera or a (semi-) professional digital camera. Video-podcasts can
show lectures, short films, experiments, interviews, ...
Pro:
• Visual information supports to understand learning content
Con:
• Production can be time-consuming
• Process of producing need to planned more in detail in relation to reach the
learning objectives in mind
• Needs more filespace than an audio-podcast
• Students need to sit in front of the computer while interacting
Image 5: Video-podcast recorded with QuickTime pro on a Mac
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Following table gives an overview for which kind of podcast what kind of equipment
can be used:
Audio-podcast
Screencast
Video-podcast
MAC
Hardware:
• internal microphone and
soundcard (most time
included) or external ones
Useful software:
• GarageBand (most time
included),
• Audacity (free download),
• QuickTime Pro (commercial)
Hardware:
• If necessary: internal
microphone and soundcard
(most time included)
Useful software:
• GarageBand (most time
included)
• iMovie (most time included)
• Jing (free download)
PC
Hardware:
• internal microphone and
included) or external
Useful software:
• Audacity (free download),
• QuickTime Pro
(commercial)
Hardware:
• webcam, microphone and
included)
• If necessary: external digital
video camera (mobile phone,
digital camera, ...)
Useful software:
• iMovie (most time included)
• QuickTime pro (commercial)
Hardware:
• webcam, microphone and
included)
• If necessary: external
digital video camera
(mobile phone, digital
camera, ...)
Useful software:
• Windows Movie Maker
(most time included)
• QuickTime pro
(commercial)
Hardware:
• If necessary: internal
microphone and
included)
Useful software:
• Jing (free download)
5. How to produce an audio-podcast with Audacity
5.1.
Installation
Audacity is a free downloadable open source software which works for Mac as well
as for PC. You will find the software here: http://audacity.sourceforge.net/download/
Store the downloaded software on your Mac or PC, click on the Audacity icon and
you will right from the beginning be able to record your audio-podcast.
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Image 6: Audacity
5.2.
Settings
Image 7: Setting the sample rate and format
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For a good recording quality we recommend to use 44.1kHz/16-bit and an
uncompressed format like WAV (PC and Mac) or AIFF (Mac) and encode later on to
MP3 at 44.1 kHz or 22.05 kHz.
5.3.
Recording
To record an audio track press the ‘record’ button.
Image 8: record button
Try to get consistent levels of sound and avoid clipping. The amount of sound coming
in or going out is measured in decibels or dBs. The digital recording should maintain
levels between -12dBs and – 6dBs.
Image 9: Clipping
Image 10: stop button.
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5.4.
Editing Tools
5.4.1. Selection of parts
Image 11: Select parts you want to remove
Use the selection tool and highlight the parts you want to remove. Click the play
button to listen to selected part and press the delete key, if you are confident.
5.4.2. Adjust volume
To adjust the volume, use the Envelope Tool
Image 12: adjust volume.
Click on the part you want to modify and drag the cursor up or down.
5.4.3. Moving tracks
If you want to move a track you can use the Time Shift Tool
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Image 13: move a track.
You can arrange the sequence of the tracks, as you want.
5.5.
Importing music and sound
You can create several tracks and put one on the other, e.g. you can include an intro
or background music to your recordings. To import a sound file click File > Import
Audio...
Be careful of the legal aspects because there may be copyright issues which will vary
from country to country. For example, in the UK you are allowed to use only 6
seconds of a copyrighted track. Go to http://music.podshow.com or
http://www.opsound.org/music/ find some free ones.
5.6.
Fade in/out
Image 14: Fade in/out
Select the part you would like to fade in or out and then click on Effect > Fade in or
Fade out.
5.7.
Export as MP3
When you have finished your audio file, you can export it as an MP3 by clicking File >
Export. Be aware that you have to set up in your preferences the LAME mp3
Encoder.
Download the LAME Encoder here: http://lame.sourceforge.net/ and integrate it to
Audacity. This has to be done only for the first time you export an MP3 file.
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Image 15: Connecting of LAME on your computer with Audacity
5.8.
Adding metadata
Before you safe your file as MP3 you will be asked for adding metadata
Image 16: Metadata
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Write a description of your podcast and click OK. The first audio file is produced, but
only stored on your computer.
This is the first step of “podcasting”. The second step is the publication of the podcast
on the web.
6. Publication and storage of podcasts
You can publish a podcasts by using:
•
•
•
•
6.1.
Website
Learning Management System
Weblog
Podcatcher
Websites and Learning Management Systems (LMS)
You can upload your podcast on a website or a Learning Management System (for
example Moodle, Sakai, …). If you offer RSS-Feeds for your podcasts they can be
“catched” by your audience automatically. In the context of classroom teaching and
learning this is not always necessary, because your audience are your students.
6.2.
Weblog
A weblog is another possibility to publish and store podcasts. Most blogware has the
facility to upload audio files in MP3 format.

You need a wordpress installation on your own server or on the web
Download the plug-in to your computer
Upload the podcasting folder to your /wp-content/plugins/ directory.
Activate the plug-in through the 'Plugins' menu in WordPress.
Configure your podcasting feed through the 'Settings' 'Podcasting' menu in
WordPress.
Begin adding a new posts.
Upload your audiofile to a server or to the WordPress installation.
Integrate the URL to the audiofile by using following syntax:
[audio http://www.via-media.at/allerdings/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/example.mp3]
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Image 17: Publishing an audiofile via Weblog
The result would look like this:
Image 18: weblog post with audio player
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6.3.
Podcatcher
Podcatcher or Podcast-Clients are programs to download, play and subscribe to
podcasts. Most of them can synchronize with a mp3-player, which means that the
podcast can directly be copied to your portable device. Podcatcher often include
RSS-Feeds. So you don´t have to worry about that aspect. The podcatcher will
enable your audience to register your series of podcasts. The following we will
recommend some popular podcatcher:
iTunes is free podcatcher from Apple which you can use to play, manage and buy
music, movies and podcasts. A disadvantage of iTunes is that you may only
synchronize with Apple’s iPods or watch and listen to the podcast in iTunes.
However, the software also works on Windows.
Juice is free podcatcher and works on every portable device and operating system
(Windows, Unix/Linux).
Doppler is a popular open-source podcatcher for Windows.
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7. How to produce a video-podcast with Capture Flux and
Windows Movie Maker
7.1.
Capture from your webcam
Step 1
If you want to make a video blog (video podcast), you can use the free software
Capture Flux.
http://paul.glagla.free.fr/captureflux_en.htm
The program is easy to use.
Before you use this software see to it that you have installed a webcam and
microphone.
To start with your video click the Capture button.
To stop with the recording simply click the Stop Capture button.
Here you can see the name of your video.
Usually it will be saved to the map videos in your user map.
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Now you’ve made a simple video with you webcam.
To start editing and changing your output you can use Windows Movie Maker.
Exercise 1:
Try to make a small interview with your neighbor and capture it with Capture
flex.
7.2.
Edit your movie
Step 2
Open Windows Movie Maker.
To start editing your movie, you must first import it.
Click the Media importeren (import media) button
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The Media-items import dialog box opens
Select the video you made with Capture Flux and click the importeren (import)
button
You can now see a thumbnail of your video in the library.
Every item in this library can be dragged into the timeline. Click on the thumbnail
and drag it to the line video.
It now appears on the video timeline. This is now your video. Every thumbnail of
video that you place on this timelines will be in your video. You can arrange the clips
any way you want.
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Now you can start editing the clips, adding effects, adding extra audio or removing
audio from the video, adding titles and finally publishing the movie.
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7.3.
Editing the clips
Step 3
Select a clip and click on it. You’ll see a double red arrow appears. If you drag the
arrow back or forth you change the length of the clip. Like this you can edit the clip.
You can see the clip in the preview pane.
Exercise 2:
Import the movie you made with Capture Flux into the library.
Drag it onto the video timeline.
Edit your clips so they form a short interview.
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7.4.
Removing audio from a video clip
If you want to remove the audio of your video clip,
click the Video + button
Now you can see the audio track of the video clip.
Select the clip and right-click it with the mouse.
The menu appears. Choose dempen (mute) from the menu. You’ll make the clip
mute.
You can also choose volume to change the level. Fade in or out. Or you can drag the
clip to the line audio/muziek. Now the video clip is just audio and no video.
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7.5.
Adding audio to your video clip
You can choose an audio clip to insert in your movie. It works the same way as a
movie clip.
Click in the task list importeren audio of muziek (import audio or music).
You import the clip in the library.
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Then drag it into the timeline to the track audio/muziek (audio/music).
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7.6.
Adding titles
To add titles/text to you movie, click on titles and credits (titles and credits).
Now you can choose from the menu. Where do you want your title to appear?
For instance click on title voor de geselecteerde clip (title for the selected clip).
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In the dialog box you can type your text.
When you click on titelanimatie wijzigen (change title animation), you get a menu
with all the available animations.
In the preview pane you can see how the title will be animated.
When you click on ‘Lettertype en tekstkleur wijzigen’ (change fonts and color), you
get a font menu.
When you’re happy with your title choose the button title toevoegen (add title).
The title now appears in the timeline before the clip.
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Exercise 3
Add a title to you video as an introduction to your interview. The title must be
placed before the first clip.
Add credits to the end of the movie, where you name who has made the
video.
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7.7.
Adding effects (fx)
If you want to add an effect to your movie, click on effecten (effects).
Your library now shows you the available effects.
You can choose for instance the effect slow down or speed up.
Click on the effect and drag it on top of your video clip. Your clip now shows a star
which means this clip has an effect.
You can do the same thing with transitions. (overgangen)
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7.8.
Saving the project and publishing the movie
7.8.1. Saving
To save your project click on bestand (file) and then click project opslaan or project
opslaan als… (Save project or save project as…)
Give your project a name and click opslaan (save).
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7.8.2. Publishing
Click the film publiceren button (publish movie)
You get a menu where you have to choose, where you want to view you movie. If
you want to publish it to the web choose, the first item Deze computer (This
computer). And then click volgende (next).
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Give your movie a name and choose where on your computer you want it published.
Click volgende (next).
Now you have to choose the quality of your movie. The smaller the movie gets, the
worse the quality will be. But it has to be a small movie if you want people to easily
download it from the web.
Choose comprimeren naar (compress) Æ and here you choose the size. Try to
compress the movie to 5MB or less.
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Finally you click on Publiceren (Publish).
The movie is now being published.
When it’s finished click on volgende (next).
You can now see the result.
Exercise 4
Save your movie.
Publish your movie and give it a good name.
Make it a small movie (not more than 5MB)
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7.9.
Posting your movie
Now you have a little movie. If you want people to view the movie you must post it
somewhere. This way you can make it a real podcast.
You can post your movie on several platforms: LMS, website, weblog (with RSS
feed), a video channel (like YouTube, Daily Motion…).
This is an example for the video channel Daily Motion.
First you must make an account. You’ll have to register with your e-mail address.
When you have an account you can start uploading your movie. Give your movie a
title and a description. And then choose the button browse to upload your video.
The video will be uploaded. This may take a while depending on the size of your
video.
When the video has been uploaded, you click on the button save.
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Then you can view your video. But it will take some time to have it finally published
by the website.
Once it has been published. You can generate an RSS feed and post this for
instance in iTunes so that all kinds of users can search, find and view your video
podcast.
Daily Motion creates a website for each user. Here you can view your website. Both
here and here, you can generate the link for the RSS Feed. With this link you can go
to iTunes and post this feed. This way everyone can find your podcast.
Exercise 5
Post your video podcast in a video channel or on your LMS.
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8. Resources
Alby, Tom: Web 2.0. Konzepte, Anwendungen, Technologien. München, 2007. ISBN
3-446-41208-5
Adobe Premiere http://www.adobe.com (15.02.2008)
Adobe Vlog http://www.adobe.com (15.02.2008)
Apple - iLife http://www.apple.com/ilife/ (09.06.2008)
Apple - iTunes - iTunes Store - Podcasts
http://www.apple.com/itunes/store/podcasts.html (09.06.2008)
Audacity http://audacity.sourceforge.net/ (15.02.2008)
Creating Video Podcasts - Overview
http://www.mediaeducationweek.ca/mymedia/create_overview.htm (09.06.2008)
GarageBand (Apple) http://www.apple.com (15.02.2008)
Doppler: Redefining podcasting http://www.dopplerradio.net/ (09.06.2008)
iMovie (Apple) http://www.apple.com (15.02.2008)
iTunesU http://www.apple.com/education/itunesu_mobilelearning/itunesu.html
(15.02.2008)
Jing Project: Visual conversation starts here. Mac or Windows:
http://www.jingproject.com/ (19.06.2008)
Juice, the cross-platform podcast receiver http://juicereceiver.sourceforge.net/
(09.06.2008)
Lame MP3 Encoder Binaries http://lame.buanzo.com.ar/ (09.06.2008)
Meng, Peter: PODCASTING & VODCASTING A WHITE PAPER, March 2005
Podcasting in Education | PoducateMe http://poducateme.com/ (09.06.2008)
Podcatcher - PodcastWiki http://wiki.podcast.de/Podcatcher (09.06.2008)
Podsafe music network http://music.podshow.com/ (09.06.2008)
Quicktime Pro http://www.apple.com (15.02.2008)
Windows Movie Maker and Movie Maker HD
http://www.microsoft.com/windows/products/windowsvista/features/details/moviemak
er.mspx (09.06.2008)
Youtube (http://www.youtube.com)
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