Top Notch Fundamentals Unit Walkthrough
Transcription
Top Notch Fundamentals Unit Walkthrough
TN_TE_L3_FM_Tiv-Tix 7/3/05 11:27 AM Page Tiv Top Notch unit walk-through UNIT ology n h c e T ons and Inventi UNIT A 8 GOA UNIT GOALS. Clearly state the communication goals of the unit. LS n novatio mistake ibe an in ty for a 1 Descr onsibili sp re t s n 2 Accep o ns ti n inventio ate inve t of key 3 Evalu e impac th ss cu 4 Dis ry in histo TOPIC PREVIEW. Previews the content of the unit and accesses prior knowledge. heel to er the w on in history? consid Do you anical inventi ou name? . W IE REV mech can y eels TOPIC P ost important s of the wheel d as wh m logs use be the er modern use th o t a h W l on whee en wag a wood ee two-wh led cart LANGUAGE SUPPORT. Illustrations and photos define new language and ensure comprehensibility. s SOUND BITES. Previews the language a rawn ch horse-d of the unit and provides exposure to “+1” natural language for observation. ariot C SOUND BI TES. Read along silen tly as you listen ’s wh a potter mobile an auto eel ention B e inv efore th have b SION. people ople? e id p d f DISCUS s o cultie e lives at diffi ange th 1. Wh heel ch id the w d w o H heel? ew f thIAN oLIL : Where did you mosquito bites? U N IT get all those MA RIA N: On our camping trip. The bugs were horre ndous. I tried everything, bu t I still got eaten alive! Don’t you wis would invent som h someone ething for mosquitoes tha t works? 2. 86 8 D .indd LIL IAN : Where have They have! you been? MA RIA N: No way! LIL IAN : Yeah. It’s this thing you :30 AM put on you 10:46 r wrist, and mo squitoes quit bugging you. It really works . 4/19/05 UNDERSTAND ING FROM CO NTEXT. Find wo one in a se rds and Then use each TN3_U8 to a natural co nversation. ntence. 1. Find a wo rd that means “terrible.” 2. Find an ex 86 MA RIA N: I do n’t believ e it. If I’d known that, I would have go tten one before I lef t. expressions in the conversati on. pression that me an UNDERSTANDING MEANING FROM CONTEXT. Students learn an essential skill E s “The bugs bit 3. Find a wo me a lot.” rd that means “bothering” PAIR WORK. Wi th a partner, an or “annoying .” swer the ques tio ns. Explain yo 1. What do ur answers. es Lilian have you been mean when she asks Maria n, “Where ?” 2. What do for comprehension of unfamiliar language. es Marian me WHAT ABOUT YOU? Confirms students’ an when she understanding, provides language support, and readies students for the unit. an early television, 195 0 says, “No wa y!” WHAT ABOUT YOU ? The following machines we re invented in in order of im the twentieth portance from century. Rank 1 to 5, with 1 them being the mo the computer st important: the airplane the automobile DISCUSSION. Explain your the telephone rankings. 䡵 䡵 䡵 䡵 䡵 the television Preview Tiv TN3_U8.indd 87 87 4/19/05 10:4 7:05 AM TN_TE_L3_FM_Tiv-Tix 7/3/05 11:28 AM Page Tv COMMUNICATION GOAL. Assures students of what theyÕll be able to do at the end of thi s lesson. CONVERSATION MODEL. Transferable conversation models make social language memorable. Photos support meaning and provide a stimulus for additional oral work. VOCABULARY. Vocabulary presentations always define meaning and provide easy reference for study. Discuss a New Prod uct CONV ERSATION Read and listen. D A: $75. B: Definitely. 1. Water y selling it for? VOCABULA RY. Describing manuf Uses new technol ogy high-tech state-of-the-art cutting-edge B actured products. Offers high quality see Listen and practic e. high-end top-of-the-line first-rate Uses new ideas innovative revolutionary novel GRAMMAR. Factua l and unreal con BE CAREFUL! Don ’t use a future form in the if clause. If I buy it, I’ll be happy. NOT If I will buy it, I’ll be happy. Don’t use would in the if clause. If they knew the best brand, they wou ld get it. NOT If they wou ld know the best brand, they would get it. C 88 Practice distinguis hing between fac tual and unreal con Check the statem ditions. ents that describ e unreal condition □ 1. If the s. y see something firs t-rate, they buy it. □ 2. If we take the bus to Tec hnoMart, we sav □ 3. If you e a lot of time. walked to the the ater, you would □ 4. The get there late. y won’t get any pho ne calls if they don’t □ 5. If she have their cell pho were a photograp nes. her, she would sell her old camera and buy B 6B raise something that’s CONVERSATION PAIR WORK Bring in advertise ments for products from a newspaper, or use these ads. Use the vocabulary on page 88 to describe the pro ducts. Discuss whether or not to buy them. 6G7DD G HI: <G ditional sentences Present factual con : review ditionals: Use the simple present tens If you make a lot of e in both clauses. coffee, you need a goo d coff ee maker. Future factual con ditionals: Use the simple present tens Use the future with e in the if clause. will or be going to in the result clause. If they sell the Brew Rite for as low a pric e as the Coffee King a lot of them. , they’ll sell Present unreal con ditionals: Use the simple past tense the if clause. Use or was / were in would in the resu lt clause. If I were you, I wou ldn’t buy it. (unreal condition: I am not If Teletex had a cutt you.) ing-edge digital cam era phone, they wou (unreal condition: Tele ld sell more. tex doesn’t have one .) tual conditional sentence. if you its temperature to 100 degrees. really cutting edg e, I 3. She it. her own beans if want grind she 4. He always really great coffee want . state-of-the-art equ use ipment if it available. E Choose the be correct form to com plete each future factual condition 1. If they al sentence. to get there fast, want / will want they 2. If he the express train. take / will take the product, the mosqu buys / will buy itoes 3. If they . don’t bite / won’t her tomorrow, the bite see / will see y 4. show / will show her their new camera pho ne. Are you going to get / Do you get the camera phone if the y it on sale? offer / will offer F PAIR WO RK. Take turns com pleting each pre sent unreal condit ional in your own 1. If I were an way. inventor, I … 2. If I could go anywhere in the world, … 3. If I needed a car, … boil 2. If I s. How much are the That’s a great pri ce. If I needed a coffee maker, I’d buy one too. It’s top of the line. Rhythm and intonation practic e A Complete each pre sent fac PAGES G13–G14 For more . . . Digicon B1X ● ● cutting-edge technology 5.44 megapixel US $3899 Start like this: Micro Scanne r stat A: I need a new . Do you think I sho uld get the ?… B: ● 17" LCD Monitor Teknicon e-of-the-art US … Save $50 $379 US Strawberry Palmtop SPECIAL BUY $199 Digi-Phone a new one. ● 2-line digital phone system UNI T 8 US ● handheld Internet capable secure digital ● media card slot ● ● $79 US $99 super special TN3_U8 TN3 U8.in indd dd 88 GRAMMAR. Grammar is presented with clear explanations and examples, integrating form, meaning, and use. Use of color ensures that students focus on the target grammar. 89 CONTROLLED PRACTICE MODEL A: I need a new coffee maker. Do you think I should get the Brew Rite? It’s on sale at Tec hnoMart. B: That depend 4/19/05 10:47:27 TN3_ AM3 U8 U8.in indd dd 89 GRAMMAR BOOSTER. For those who want more, a Grammar Booster in the back of the Student’s Book gives additional explanations, examples, grammar points, timely reviews, as well as more practice. CONTROLLED COMMUNICATION PRACTICE. 4/19/05 10:47:38 AM Students personalize the Conversation Model, using the new vocabulary and grammar, to confirm their progress at the end of the lesson. COMMUNICATION SUPPORT. Realistic visual prompts provide support and ensure success. Unit walk-through Tv TN_TE_L3_FM_Tiv-Tix 7/3/05 11:28 AM Page Tvi COMMUNICATION GOAL. Shows students the practical value of this lesson. ake Mist y for a n. nd liste Read a A RHYTHM AND INTONATION PRACTICE. Provides targeted pronunciation practice to ensure comprehensibility of student speech. G7DDHI B6 :G . got lost te. We nyone. d to we’re la en to a p y stoppe p rr a o h S A: can If I had on time. It . . lt u K fa n sO y e t’ e m a b h ly e T B: s entire . uld hav ll, it wa ions, we wo come in A: We Please direct nk. never. ri n d a ask for th to r late thing ll, bette get you some B: We t me And le ractice p n atio d inton n a m results. call.) ns and al Rhyth conditio ’t, so I couldn’t ndition untrue late.) real co dn or n di I u al ut re st she was a . (B scribe un . The p rections didn’t, so B ION ERSATO L M DE V CON <G6 Accept sibilit Respon de di e 5 AR G14–G1 lled for . (But sh itional to itional. PAGES e … al cond I could have ca ecked the map al cond For mor st unre ch e, st unre pa on e ph th she had cell in the pa . Use if a se d te la au ha the if cl If I had ve been rections ’t have. ldn’t ha could in ve called for di ey couldn She wou would or . / No, th d ha on’t use ll phone, I coul uld have D co L! ey U th EF Yes, d a ce BE CAR clock. have ha earlier? At four o’ If I would had left ers e if they the train? d answ tim n an ke on ta d ns d u ha arrive Questio ved if yo ey have Could th ld you have arri ou When w GRAMM tence. nal sen t Train. e Bulle conditio l a re n et on th ck st u a ti p a n ch e f ea o. n’t gott on. aning o ey had They didn’t g sportati the me of tran one if th b. Choose r kind have g e ’t th n o n ld osen a y wou t. re. 1. The have ch e weren’t the y wen n. would b. W a. The e know ut it. re, we e v a th h n e ld e ou abo e had b ere. never w n’t tell them y n lost. e 2. If w th th , did e gotte were bout it b. You n’t hav a. We ld them a u o ld w to n’t tter, we t lost. ut it. ou had e ions be em abo 3. If y e direct b. We didn’t g told th ined th a. You la p ce. x e ad h senten e n o itional me al cond 4. If so re lost. ur car? n t u o g st e in e yo a. W ach pa a phon plete e ate? m co s to to evacu ’t had ore e trieDd PAIR WOR d / hadn ect form el m travK. you wouldn’t have ha ould you hav Take turns co the corr if to e se y n o a o o w mpleting the ,w aThen discuss ve d C Ch statements ab the actions yo e storm you ha th t ld d u u out each head un o u would have o b fo w a at have line. taken if you ha 1. Wh ple would find / would n o d read the he e ow p kn , d d le p te adlines. o n n / ha e e p ow v kn in re u o would have mo een b y t n 2. If y a o n m ht, ne had the nig e airpla nd. during 3. If th by la 9"1 d rre cu quickly oc If I had seen d / had this, I … occurre . e flood would have 4. If th d EXTENSIVE PAIR WORK ACTIVITIES. B Ensure a student-centered approach. Hurricane to Strike Tonight Floods Expected .indd TN3_U8 / would be injure Massive Transportatio n Strike Taxis, 4/19/05 10:47:52 AM Buses, Trains Out of Ser vice Huge Traffic Jams Expect ed 8 Stores Announce Protest Against Taxes Half-price Sales Begin Tod ay 90 E PRONUNCIATION. A comprehensive pronunciation syllabus promotes accurate and comprehensible pronunciation. Each pronunciation point is linked to the target language of the lesson. 9"1 9"1 If I had seen If I had seen this, I … this, I … PRONUN CI ATION. Contrac of had, would tions with ‘d in , and did. Read spoken Engli and listen. Th sh. Notice th e reduction en repeat. 1. If we had /wid/ had time, we would have sta If we’d had tim yed. e, we would have stayed. 2. Where did /wErd/ you go? Where’d you go? 3. Who did /hud/ you see? Who’d you see? 4. It would /It 3´d/ be OK. It’d be OK. CONVERSAT ION PAIR WORK Role-play acce pting respons ibility for a mi unreal conditio stake. Use th na e past Accept your pa l to explain how things co uld have been rtner’s apology different. . A: Sorry . B: That’s OK . . A: Well, it wa s entirely my fault. If … Continue the conversation in your own wa y. CONVERSATION “GUIDES.” These guides ensure that students practice manipulating the Conversation Model in their own way, rather than merely repeating it. )DEAS ● You were late. You forgot som eone’s birthday. ● You didn’t pay a bill on time. ● You forgot to call someone. ● You r own idea: ● D PRACTIC E U N IT 90 injured Tvi 91 TN3_U8.indd CONTROLLE ve been would ha 91 4/19/05 10:4 8:01 AM TN_TE_L3_FM_Tiv-Tix 7/3/05 11:29 AM Page Tvii VOCABULARY. Clear defining illustrations FREE COMMUNICATION PRACTICE. take the guesswork out of the meaning of new words and provide a permanent reference. Offering students an opportunity to remember and use language taught in this AND previous lessons, Top Notch Interactions provide support for successful discussion. Evaluate Invent ions A VOCABU LARY . Descriptive ad jectiv es. Listen and practice. TOP NOTCH INTERACTIO N STEP 1. Check the boxes low-tech / hig h-tech B to show where Then complet you think new e the chart wi inventions are th more inform needed. ation about ea ch invention. wacky unique LISTENING CO MPREHENSION. people discussi Listen carefully ng their proble to ms. Write the of the convers number ation next to the invention should have ha each person d. efficient / ine fficient ■ The Robo-Tiller New invention home and car □ ⻬for the car □ for organizin g □ for cooking □ for raising child ren □ for pets □ for cleaning □ for relaxing Why people would wan t it a wake-up alarm so you don’t fall asleep whil e driving office □ for writing □ for organizin g papers □ for training staff □ for commun icating □ for eating lunc h or snacking English class □ for learning new words and grammar □ for getting more speaking practice □ for preparing to take tests □ for reading faste r The All-Body ■ Um brella ■ ExiThet Pet • Eureka ! I’v e got an idea ! ■ The Vac Bot STEP 2. PAIR WORK. Choose one are hig a and h-tech, or even impossible! Na invent something. It can be draw a pictur me your inven wacky, low-te e of it or write ch, tion. On a sep a description arate sheet of of it. pape Tell the class about your inv you had one no ention. Expla w. Explain wh in wh at you could ha ve done if you’d at would happen if had one in the NE ED HE LP ? He past. re’s language you already kn ow: DISCUSSION. or more of the Describe each invention with adjectives fro one m the vocabula ry. It’s not a novel idea, but the Pet Exit is both low efficient. It do -tech and esn’t need ele ctronics or ma chinery. 92 TN3_U8.indd r, STEP 3. DISC USSION. Descriptive ad top-of-the-lin e high-tech high-end state-of-the-a rt cutting-edge low-tech first-rate innovative UN IT 8 jectives wacky practical unique efficient inefficient novel revolutionary Factual and un real condit ionals Don’t you wis h someone wou ld invent something for ? If I had a , I would be able to If I had had a . , I would have been able to . 92 93 LISTENING COMPREHENSION. Listening tasks go beyond auditory discrimination to include critical thinking skills. FREE PRAC TICE C 4/19/05 10:4 8:11 TN3 AM N3_ _U8 U8.in .indd dd 93 NEED HELP? Provides reminders to students of the language they have previously learned— in this unit and earlier units—that can be used in free communication. Unit walk-through Tvii 4/19/05 10:4 8:22 AM TN_TE_L3_FM_Tiv-Tix 7/3/05 11:30 AM Page Tviii Discuss the Impact of Key Inventions in History A COMMUNICATION GOAL. Top Notch has a fully developed discussion syllabus. Students progress beyond functional language and express their views successfully on a variety of popular discussion topics. READING WARM-UP. In what ways did people communicate words and ideas to each other before the invention of the telegraph, the telephone, the radio, and the computer? B READING. Read about the invention of printing. How do you think this invention changed the world? READING WARM-UP. Warm-up questions build expectation and get students talking. ladle for pouring hot metal Until the 6th or 7th century, all books had to be written by hand. I f you asked a large number of people what the most important invention has been, many would say the printing press. Others might say the wheel. But even though it’s debatable whether the appearance of the printing press affected the course of history more than the wheel, the printing press ranks within the top two or three inventions in history. Long before the telephone, the television, the radio, and the computer, the written word was the only way to communicate ideas to people too far away to talk with. Until the sixth or seventh century, all books had to be written by hand. Creating a book was difficult, and in comparison with today, very few books existed. Therefore, very few people read books. In the sixth and seventh centuries, the Japanese and Chinese invented a way to print pages by carving characters and pictures on wooden, ivory, or clay blocks. They would put ink on the blocks and then press paper onto the ink, printing a page from the block. This process is called letterpress printing. The invention of letterpress printing was a great advance in communication because each block could be inked many times and many copies of each page could be made. Many books could now be made. Therefore, many people could read the same book. Later, in the 11th century, another great advance occurred. The Chinese invented “movable” type. Each character was made as a separate block which could be used many times in many texts. This meant that pages could be created by putting together individual characters rather than having to have whole pages carved. Movable type was much more efficient than the earlier Japanese and Chinese print blocks because books could be created much more quickly by people with less skill. In Europe, movable type was used for the first time in the 15th century. And there, Johannes Gutenberg invented typecasting, a way to make movable type much more quickly, by melting metal and pouring it into the forms of the letters. This greatly increased the speed of printing, and eventually made books available to many more people. AUTHENTICITY. Authentic readings from identified sources prepare students to comprehend real reading materials in English. C DISC USSIO N. 1. H ow w ould 2. In life h what ave b ways een d 3. W do w iffere hat m e n carved print blocks UNIT 8 SOURCE: Eyewitness Books: Invention. By Lionel Bender, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, © 1991. STEP TN3_U8.indd 94 lt of 4/19/05 10:48:34 AM 2000 B loose .C.: The p n lo soil s s and turn w o s plante crops can the be d effic iently . ADEQUATE PREPARATION. Concrete steps—such as “notepadding” activities, charts, surveys, and critical thinking activities—prepare students for successful and productive free communication. the p low: the tr ain: the z • It’s the 1. PA IR resu WORK. grea test i nven each On your tion s n of th ese in otepads ince t , writ vent he wh e ions. your eel ! Then own id rank the f eas abou our in t how vent ions life chan in or der o ged as a f imp ortan ce. 1802 : locom The steam trans otive perm p prod ortation o its u f dista cts over lo nces by tra ng in. Life b efore 1914 : zippe The mode r rn open permits th in cloth g and clo e es wit sing of and b h utton out butto ns holes . Life a 1920 s: refrig The elec tr e fresh rator kee ic ps fo . od fter ipper: the re frigera tor: U8.in Tviii dd 95 o to yo ur cla ne of the in ssma tes a vention s bout the im above or an pact the in other inv e vent ion h ntion. ad in histo ry. E TN3_ Afte r inve the plo cou nted, fa w was ld p r area lant mers tim s in a s large e. T hor t hen cou ld t food plant hey peo to sell enoug h ple. to o ther CTIC Ensure students know what they can say. GRO U Prese P WOR K nt a r epor . Choose t PRA STEP 2. SPEAKING MODELS. FREE 94 comm t if p ak rintin unica or th es an inv g had te “in ree in e n’t b vent ntion imp writin een in ions ortan g” to in vent t NOT day? ? W histo ed? h r at do CH y? you INTE think RAC are t he to TION p two TOP 95 4/19 /05 10:4 9:06 AM TN_TE_L3_FM_Tiv-Tix 7/3/05 11:30 AM Page Tix UNIT WRAP-UP. A full-page illustration deliberately elicits and reviews all language from this unit, demonstrating to all students their mastery of new language. CHECKPOINT. Integrated-skills checkpoints permit students to consolidate, review, and confirm what they’ve learned. UNIT WRAP-UP UNIT 8 CHECKPOINT t the items in the Vocabulary. Talk abou to describe them. store, using adjectives plete the statements, ● Grammar. Com unreal conditional. using the factual and ments. Then make more state If she buys the … … the ht If they boug … If Dan hadn’t bought the Create ● Social Language. people. conversations for the ● SION. Listen to the people ch the name of the Mat . ucts prod talking about new that best describes it. ctive adje the and product LISTENING COMPREHEN A Products 1. The Ultraphone e 2. Dinner-from-a-distanc 3. Kinder-T V 4. Ten Years Off Adjectives a. cutting-edge b. efficient c. unique d. top-of-the-line n. is true for each situatio Check the statement that ance for directions. if we had called in adv lost en gott e hav t 1. We wouldn’ lost. □ We called and we got got lost. □ We didn’t call and we ’t get lost. □ We called and we didn didn’t get lost. □ We didn’t call and we ks. ain how the Omni wor were here, he would expl ni works. 2. If the salesman can explain how the Om he so , here is n sma □ The sale the Omni works. , so he can’t explain how □ The salesman is here Omni works. he can explain how the but , here isn’t n sma □ The sale the Omni works. he can’t explain how so , here isn’t n sma □ The sale those e-mails. would have already sent ght the Ultraphone, she e-mails. 3. If Laura had bou has already sent those she and one aph Ultr □ Laura bought the ’t sent those e-mails yet. Ultraphone and she hasn yet. □ Laura didn’t buy the hasn’t sent those e-mails she and one aph Ultr e e-mails. □ Laura bought the she has already sent thos and one aph Ultr the □ Laura didn’t buy B C al sentence. Complete each condition . car, fast 1. If I had a very if er bett ld look 2. Most people wou car next year if 3. Will you buy a new re there were cars, befo 4. If I had been born G TOP NOTCH SON l” . inventions. Write D the following WRITING. Choose one of and what would have happened life about how it changed nted. if it had not been inve • the telephone • the washing machine 96 “Reinvent the Whee Lyrics on last book page. ? • the microwave oven • the computer . .OW)CANx TOP NOTCH PROJECT Choose an invention own appearing during your ed lifetime that has chang ntation your life. Make a prese to the class about the invention. TOP NOTCH WEBSITE ties, For Unit 8 online activi visit the Top Notch Companion Website at tch. www.longman.com/topno describe an innovation. a accept responsibility for mistake. □ evaluate inventions. key □ discuss the impact of inventions in history. □ □ 97 UNIT 8 4/21/05 10:28:13 AM AM 8.indd 97 4/19/05 10:49:17TN3_U SELF-ASSESSMENT. Students confirm TN3_U8.indd 96 EXTRA TOP NOTCH FEATURES. mastery of the unit’s communication goals. Three exciting features add value to Top Notch by extending language practice and use. Unit walk-through Tix TN_TE_L3_FM_Tx-Txiii 7/3/05 11:30 AM Page x Other Top Notch Components WORKBOOK An illustrated workbook contains exercises that provide additional practice and reinforcement of language concepts and skills from the Top Notch Student’s Book and its Grammar Booster. COMPLETE ASSESSMENT PACKAGE WITH EXAMVIEW® SOFTWARE Ten easy-to-administer and easy-to-score unit achievement tests assess listening, vocabulary, grammar, social language, reading, and writing. Two review tests – one mid-book and one end-of-book – provide additional cumulative assessment. Two speaking tests assess progress in speaking. In addition to the photocopiable achievement tests, ExamView® software enables teachers to customize tests that best meet their own needs. COPY & GO: READY-MADE INTERACTIVE ACTIVITIES FOR BUSY TEACHERS Motivating games, puzzles, and other practice activities in convenient photocopiable form support Student's Book content and provide a welcome change of pace. Tx TN_TE_L3_FM_Tx-Txiii 7/3/05 11:31 AM Page xi COMPANION WEBSITE A companion website at www.longman.com/topnotch provides numerous additional resources for students and teachers. This no-cost, high-benefit feature includes opportunities for further practice of language and content from the Top Notch Student's Book. CLASS AUDIO PROGRAM The audio program contains listening comprehension activities, rhythm and intonation practice, and targeted pronunciation activities that focus on accurate and comprehensible pronunciation. To prepare students to communicate with a variety of speakers, regional and non-native accents are included. Each class audio program also includes five Top Notch Pop songs in standard and karaoke form. TOP NOTCH TV A hilarious TV-style situation comedy reintroduces language from each unit. Also includes authentic unrehearsed interviews and Top Notch Pop karaoke. Comes with Activity Worksheets and Teaching Notes. Top Notch Components Tx i