Driver Procedures
Manual
Driver Procedures Manual
1. Table of Contents
1.
TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................................................................1
2.
A LETTER FROM THE ENGLANDS .............................................................................................................3
3.
INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................................................4
WELCOME.....................................................................................................................................................4
MISSION STATEMENT................................................................................................................................4
DRIVE LIFE ...................................................................................................................................................4
LEGAL INFORMATION...............................................................................................................................4
4.
PERFORMANCE EXPECTATIONS ...............................................................................................................5
SAFETY..........................................................................................................................................................5
PRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................................................5
PICKUP AND DELIVERY ............................................................................................................................5
FREIGHT CLAIMS........................................................................................................................................5
SCOPE OF OPERATIONS.............................................................................................................................5
SPEED LIMIT.................................................................................................................................................5
5.
TRIP PROCEDURES .........................................................................................................................................6
LOAD ASSIGNMENTS.................................................................................................................................6
QUALCOM MESSAGING ............................................................................................................................6
LOADING.......................................................................................................................................................7
TABLE 1 - LOAD/UNLOAD CODES ................................................................................................8
TRAILER CONDITION.................................................................................................................................9
BILL OF LADING........................................................................................................................................10
PROPER LOADING TECHNIQUES...........................................................................................................11
PALLET PROGRAM ...................................................................................................................................12
IN-TRANSIT ................................................................................................................................................13
FUEL.............................................................................................................................................................16
UNLOADING...............................................................................................................................................17
6.
SAFETY .............................................................................................................................................................23
SAFETY POLICIES .....................................................................................................................................19
SEATBELTS ……………………………………………………………………………………………….20
DRUG & ALCOHOL POLICY ....................................................................................................................20
PASSENGERS..............................................................................................................................................20
SAFETY MEETINGS...................................................................................................................................21
DEFENSIVE DRIVING ...............................................................................................................................21
C. R. England © 6/2008
1
SLEEP ...........................................................................................................................................................25
ACCIDENTS ................................................................................................................................................27
SAFE DRIVING AWARD QUALIFICATIONS .........................................................................................28
LOGGING PROCEDURES..........................................................................................................................29
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ......................................................................................................................34
7.
EQUIPMENT OPERATIONS & INSTRUCTIONS......................................................................................44
EQUIPMENT OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS...........................................................................................40
EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE..................................................................................................................43
REPAIRS ON THE ROAD...........................................................................................................................46
OPERATIONS ON THE ROAD ..................................................................................................................48
DRIVING TECHNIQUES ............................................................................................................................49
SLC YARD SERVICE & PROCEDURES...................................................................................................52
IMAGE DEPARTMENT ..............................................................................................................................52
EMERGENCY ROAD SERVICE ................................................................................................................53
SHOP COORDINATOR...............................................................................................................................54
TRACTOR SHOP .........................................................................................................................................55
TIRE SHOP...................................................................................................................................................55
PARTS DEPARTMENT...............................................................................................................................56
TRAILER SHOP...........................................................................................................................................56
REEFER SHOP.............................................................................................................................................56
TABLE 2 – THERMO KING CODES...............................................................................................62
TABLE 2 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................................................63
TABLE 2 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................................................60
8.
HUMAN RELATIONS .....................................................................................................................................65
CUSTOMER SERVICE EXPECTATIONS .................................................................................................61
COMMUNICATION ....................................................................................................................................62
THE PUBLIC................................................................................................................................................62
FELLOW DRIVERS.....................................................................................................................................62
RECRUITING...............................................................................................................................................63
9.
INDEX ................................................................................................................................................................68
2
2.
A Letter from the Englands
On behalf of the England family and all of our fine employees and independent contractors, we
welcome you to our company. Our founder Chester R. England started in the trucking business
in 1920. Chester guided his fledgling company through many turbulent times, including The
Great Depression and World War II. Following the war, his two sons, Gene and Bill, joined him
in the business. The decades that followed brought much growth and success. Although the
third generation of England’s now presides over the business, Gene continues to set the pace by
driving his own specially equipped truck on a regular basis.
Much has changed since 1920. Business is more complex, tremendous advancements have been
made with equipment and technology, but one thing has not changed – the dedication and hard
work of talented employees and independent contractors. We thank you for choosing our
company. We think you will have both a financial rewarding and personally satisfying
experience.
Being new to our company, you have probably seen the term “Drive Life” on our equipment,
newsletter, web site, etc. You will learn much more about it in the months and years to come,
but in summary, it’s all about getting things done, reaching goals, creating opportunities, and
most importantly, taking control of your own destiny. We hope your destiny is to be a part of the
C. R. England team!
We have prepared this manual to help you understand C. R. England’s driver procedures to act as
not only a guide but as a valuable tool to help you make the most of your driving experience.
Sincerely,
The England Family
3
3.
Introduction
Welcome
On behalf of C.R. England, Inc. we would like to welcome you to our company as a driver.
We thank you for choosing to work with our company as either an Independent Contractor
or as a company driver. We are proud of the caliber of our drivers and we know that we owe
our success to their efforts; therefore we are committed to making driving for England both
a rewarding and fulfilling experience.
We have prepared this manual to help you understand C.R. England’s driver procedures and
it will act as not only a guide but as a valuable tool to help you make the most of your
driving experience.
Should you have any questions concerning this manual, please direct them to your Driver
Manager.
C.R. England
Mission
Statement
In order for C.R. England to become and be known as the premium carrier in the
transportation industry, we must provide:
Service: Exceed the expectations of our customers by delivering exceptional service
that surpasses their ever-changing transportation needs.
Safety: Operate so safely and courteously that we enhance the image of the trucking
industry with the public and make safety our competitive advantage.
And
Performance: Achieve a level of financial performance that inspires the confidence of
all of our customers, provides a desirable quality of life for all of us at England, and
enables us to continually improve the value of our service.
The accomplishment of our mission depends entirely on the commitment of our people.
Together, we must create a work environment wherein trust, mutual respect, and opportunity
for personal fulfillment become a way of life for each member of the C.R. England team.
Drive Life
Drive life is a way of being.
It’s about getting stuff done, reaching goals, creating opportunities, and most importantly,
taking control of your destiny. It’s about coming up with ideas that make your job, or even
our entire company, better. It’s about grabbing hold of life and driving it, instead of just
being along for the ride.
Take control.
Reach goals.
Create opportunities.
Do the right thing.
Drive life.
Legal
Information
Nothing contained in this manual or in other statements of company policies, including
statements made in the course of any performance evaluation or wage review creates a
contract of employment with any employee or independent contractor.
Management reserves the right to amend, modify, or in any way alter or enlarge upon the
contents of this manual and any other policies and procedures applicable to the employment
relationship at any time and without notice to employees.
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4.
Performance Expectations
Overview
The purpose of this section is to present guidance for C.R. England independent contractors
and directives to C.R. England company drivers.
Safety
Our overriding concern is to encourage a safe and legal operation. Each driver has a
responsibility to the company and to the general public to exercise good judgment in
operating prudently and safely.
Production
For independent contractors, company drivers, and C.R. England to be financially successful,
the trucks must be productive. Drivers are expected to be available and capable of safely
driving at least 10,000 miles each month as a solo driver or a minimum of 17,000 as a team.
Pickup and
Delivery
Professional drivers are expected to pick up and deliver all loads on time, as specified in the
load assignment.
Freight Claims
Because we are responsible for the transportation of protected service commodities and high
value dry freight, it is critical to prevent theft, damage and spoilage to the products entrusted
to us. Drivers must do everything possible to prevent losses and claims against you and the
company for any overages, shortages, and damage. Please refer to Freight Claims in this
manual for more information.
Scope of
Operations
Because we operate in all 48 contiguous states and Canada, you should expect to be
dispatched into all areas where the company serves its customers. This includes highly
congested traffic areas such as New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, Boston, Philadelphia,
and Dallas.
Speed Limit
Your speed should be dictated by the posted limits, local weather, and road conditions
existing at the time. C.R. England company equipment is governed to a maximum speed. The
speed limit in any truck stop, customer yard, or company facility shall not exceed 5 mph.
5
5.
Trip Procedures
Overview
The purpose of this section is to give C.R. England drivers a basic understanding of how to
pick up and deliver loads on time and in proper condition. This section is to be construed
as directive for company drivers. Independent contractors should interpret this section as a
guide only, and should refer to independent contractor contractual documents for details.
Section 4 covers the following areas:
▪
▪
▪
▪
Load
Assignments
Load Assignment
Loading
In-Transit
Unloading
Load Information
The load assignment is sent to your truck via one or more satellite messages (QualComm).
The first message will indicate the first pick up and final delivery points. A second message
will be sent when there are additional pick up or delivery points in between. A third
message, if needed, will give you any special comments or instructions. Your Driver
Manager may also send additional information in a separate message.
The load assignment message normally contains the following important load information:
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
Shipper’s name, address and telephone number
Pick up appointment times
Trip number
Destination and (usually) delivery appointment date and time
Pick up and drop, load/unload codes and associated stop pay information
Pallet requirements
Trailer number*
•
NOTE: This may be a “dummy” trailer number if the actual trailer has
not yet been identified. When outside of a C.R. England drop yard, the
trailer number is normally the last trailer you pulled.
It is extremely important that you read the load assignment carefully, and consult with your
Driver Manager regarding any questions or concerns you might have.
Routing
Your routing will be sent to you via your QualComm, with allowance for fuel stops. The
route will indicate a specific series of highways. These should always be crosschecked
against an Atlas or local State map for bridges, toll roads, low clearance, and restricted
access highways and roads. It is the driver’s responsibility to verify the route. If a route
must be changed for any reason, get prior approval from your Driver Manager.
Your load assignments will include a list of fuel stops identified by C.R. England’s “fuel
optimizer” system. These fuel stops are those that will provide the “net” least cost fuel
6
along your route.
Only authorized routes and tolls may be driven by company drivers. Check the routing and
toll guide to be certain that you are routed on an authorized toll.
Independent contractors are advised that these are intended to be the most economical and
safe routes, and will likely result in the fewest miles for fuel savings.
The routing should come with the dispatch. If for some reason it does not, notify your
Driver Manager.
QualComm
Messaging
The QualComm is one of your greatest aids as a driver. To make communication with the
home office easier, you may want to memorize some of the codes you will use every day
and familiarize your self with The Circle of Must-Send-Messages or MSM.
The Circle of Must-Send-Messages (MSM)
The macros mandatory for every load assignment are referred to as “The Circle of MustSend-Messages” or MSM. The information in these macros is vital to maintaining this
partnership of communication. Any questions concerning these macros should be directed
to your Driver Manager.
7
New Macros
To make contacting a department easier, send a macro 20. Macro 20 now provides a list of
departments that will allow you to contact the department without having to search for an
individual extension. Some of these department codes for macro 20 are:
CLAI
Claims
LOGS
Log Compliance
DETE
Detention
MAIN
Maintenance
DOT
Compliance
PAYR
Payroll
FUEL
Fuel
PERM
Permits
HUMA
Human Resources
SAFE
Safety
INDE
Independent Contractor
TRAI
Training
*Note: Driver managers can be reached through the freeform macro 0.
Toll Road
Reimbursement
Reimbursement Policy
You will be reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses for which C.R. England is responsible.
These include operating permits, authorized tolls, scales, truck and trailer repairs, and fuel.
Authorization Requests (AR’s) and Request for Service (RS’s). To be reimbursed,
any extraordinary non-maintenance expense requires an AR number from your Driver
Manager. Maintenance expenses require that a RS number be obtained from Road
Service. Valid receipts for all expenses must be in your trip envelope.
AUTHORIZATION REQUEST NUMBERS AND REQUEST FOR SERVICE
NUMBERS MUST BE OBTAINED BEFORE THE EXPENSE IS INCURRED.
ITEMS NEEDING AN AR NUMBER
When $30 or More Only
▪
▪
▪
▪
Cash fuel
Shrink-wrap
Trailer washouts
Scales
Regardless of Amount
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
Additional help
Citations
Fuel additives
Load locks
Motels
Pallet purchases
Overtime labor
Showers
Truck washes
Lumpers when no lumper rate is given
in the load assignment
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Reimbursement for toll roads. All trucks are equipped with PrePassPlus® transponders.
These transponders allow drivers to run in the PrePass EZ-pass toll lanes in the following
states:
Illinois
Maine
New Hampshire
Massachusetts
New York
Pennsylvania
New Jersey
Delaware
Maryland
Virginia
West Virginia
Tolls in the following states are reimbursable 100%, with a receipt:
Michigan
Vermont
Connecticut
Rhode Island
Florida
In Kansas only the toll on I-70 is reimbursed. In Oklahoma, only the toll on I-44 is
reimbursed. In Ohio and Indiana the I-80 / 90 tolls are conditional upon loads picking up
or delivering west of Syracuse, New York and north of the Toledo / Cleveland area. Road
tolls are NOT paid in any other states. Non-ferry bridge tolls are reimbursed 100%.
Drivers are encouraged to avoid tolls where possible.
Toll Road Policy
Toll roads are not reimbursable in these states.
Certain toll roads are reimbursable in these states.
Toll roads are reimbursable 100% in these states. These are PrePass Plus®
states.
Toll roads are reimbursable 100% in these states. Drivers need to supply a
receipt for toll roads in these states.
9
Weigh Station Policy
State participates in the PrePass Weigh Station Bypass System.
Not Currently part of the PrePass Weigh Station Bypass System.
Scaling policy and scaling reimbursement. C.R. England will pay for all scaling,
regardless of weight, with a scale receipt. You are not required to scale loads under
35,000 lbs, but you may decide to do so at your own discretion. The company will pay
any fines for overweight tickets on loads under 35,000 lbs. Loads over 35,000 lbs should
normally be scaled, but again you may use your own judgment. If a driver fails to scale
these loads and an overweight fine is incurred, however, the driver will pay for any
overweight tickets.
Loads that are preloaded and picked up at a customer location, and all loads coming out of
Mexico, must always be scaled.
Loading
Promptness and Professional Image
The importance of arriving on time at the customer’s facility cannot be overstated.
England’s reputation as a reliable carrier and your reputation as a professional driver are
greatly enhanced when you are on time, courteous, and well groomed. Drivers who
conduct themselves in this manner are a very important sales tool. Remember that in many
instances “arriving on time” means physically checking in with the shipping department or
dock foreman, not just being in the dock area. Company policy is that you check in at least
15 minutes before the scheduled appointment time or if your load is delayed or early.
Stop Pay
This section outlines the compensation system for all categories of stop pay: load/unload
pay, lumper pay, and pickup/drop pay. By following these guidelines, your stop pay will be
processed without delays, adjustments, or misunderstandings.
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Load/Unload Pay
When the driver is responsible to load or unload the trailer, without the use of pallets, a
load/unload allowance is paid. This pay is equal to the historical lumper rate we have
experienced at each pickup or delivery point for each customer on a trip. If there is no
lumper rate history for a customer, the rate will default to C.R. England’s minimum of
$1.50 per 1,000 pounds. When a driver, or a lumper hired by the driver, loads or unloads
the trailer, the phrase “Driver Loaded” or “Driver Unloaded” must be marked on the bill of
lading.
Errors in load/unload codes. If the L/U code included in the load assignment is in error,
you should call Load/Unload Expense Specialist (L.E.S.) as soon as possible at 1-888-2540661 to have the code changed. L/U codes, and the corresponding pay, cannot be changed
beyond 3 days after the destination appointment time.
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Load/Unload (LU) Codes
Code
Definition
Pay
BD
Driver breaks down load. More than 1 layer and less than 50%
trailer.
DA
Driver hand loads/unloads trailer. LU code was changed from "UK".
AR amount
LR
Lumper, Receipt Required - AR and valid lumper receipt required
for reimbursement.
AR amount
w/receipt
LS
Lumper Service - England has an arrangement with a lumper
service. Receipt required.
As instructed in
Load Assignment
ML
Multiple docks at same location. (Mainly YKK and ACME.)
Pickup/Drop plus
$65.00
SA
If England loads/unloads - Driver counts, monitors cargo condition,
and shrink-wraps.
PU/Drop
SL
Shipper Loads/Unloads - Driver counts, monitors cargo condition,
and shrink-wraps.
PU/Drop
TL
Preloaded Trailer.
UK
Unknown - Call for AR if England loads/unloads. If customer
loads/unloads, no AR needed.
XA
If England loads/unloads - Call for AR. If customer loads/unloads,
no AR needed.
XX
Dedicated - No Pay.
MB
Mexican Broker. Needs Broker sign-off to qualify for pay.
$10.00
LA
Customer will reimburse lumpers will need on at receiver.
AR amount
$20.00 per trip
$0
PU/Drop
AR amount
$0
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Lumper Pay
C.R. England does not pay for lumpers except when the “LA,” “LR,” “SA,” “XA” and
“UK” codes are given in the load assignment. The driver will receive the loading/unloading
pay which is the historic lumper rate at each point of the trip.
Lumper receipts. You must always turn in completed lumper receipts with your Driver
Expense Record and trip report. This receipt is required for reimbursement. Original
receipt from lumper service must have printed company letterhead. If company doesn’t
provide a valid receipt, the driver must complete a C.R. England Lumper & Labor
Agreement with the following information: the lumper’s full name, social security # or
tax I.D. #, full mailing address (including city, state, and zip code), signature, and
amount.
L/UL (Load/Unload) codes “LA,” “SA,” “XA,” and “LR.” When the load/unload
code is “XA,” “SA,” “LA” (unloading may be required) or “LR” (Lumper Receipt) an
Authorization Request number is required. You must contact the Loading/Unloading
Department, who will issue an AR number to you. You then prepare a Comcheck,
noting the express code on the check, and pay the lumper service. To be reimbursed,
you must always turn in a valid lumper receipt with the Driver Expense Record in your
trip envelope. If a driver uses someone other than the authorized lumper service the
driver will be responsible for reimbursing the company for any difference in cost.
L/UL code “LS.” The load/unload code is “LS” (Lumper Service), C.R. England has
contracted with, or understands there is an in-house set rate lumper service for that trip
point. This lumper service will bill C.R. England.
Trailer Condition
Cleanliness
The interior of the trailer should be clean and presentable. Foodstuff shippers are
particularly sensitive to this issue. A few minutes spent sweeping in the trailer and picking
up debris will pay dividends in time saved at the loading dock. In some cases it may be
necessary to have the trailer steam cleaned.
Air Chutes
In older trailers you will find an air chute. This is a strip of canvas material that is draped
from the ceiling of the trailer. Its purpose is to direct the flow of air from the front of the
trailer to the rear. If it is damaged, do your best to repair it temporarily. If severely
damaged or missing, contact the Claims Department at 1-800-897-1801, option 32 for
instructions.
Bulkheads
A bulkhead is built into the front of each trailer. Its purpose is to allow for the circulation
of air around the front of the load. If it is absent, and you are loading a temperaturecontrolled load, place pallets or boards in the front of the load to allow for proper air
circulation. If the bulkhead is missing, contact the Claims Department at 1-800-897-1801,
option 32 for proper instructions.
Reefer Condition
The driver should always be aware of the operating condition of the reefer unit. He/she
should never leave Salt Lake with an improperly functioning reefer. This is true even if a
dry load is being pulled out of the yard. You never know when you might be assigned to
pull a refrigerated load. Start the unit and check its condition immediately prior to the
13
loading of any temperature-controlled load.
Air and Water Leaks
A quick inspection of the interior of the trailer will generally reveal any water leaks that
may be present. The same leaks that allow moisture into the trailer also allow outside air in.
This creates a hazard for frozen or refrigerated loads. If the doors are obviously leaking,
attempt to block the leaks as best you can and keep the product away from the exposed
areas. All water leaks should be reported to the Claims Department for a determination as
to whether the trailer should be loaded or repaired.
Bill of Lading
This document is prepared and issued by the shipper. The Bill of Lading, or “B.O.L.”,
represents a legal contract between the shipper and C.R. England. The bill of lading
establishes the carrier’s responsibilities in transporting cargo from one point to another, and
it defines the count and condition as well as the weight of the product. In the case of
refrigerated or frozen loads, it will also establish the temperature at which the product must
be maintained. The shipper will not release the load to us at pick up unless you sign the bill
of lading. In so doing, you bind C.R. England to perform the services represented by the
bill.
Count and Condition
If we fail to deliver the number of items listed on the bill of lading, C.R. England (and
possibly the driver) will be responsible to pay a freight claim. It goes without saying that
you must make sure you are receiving all of the product for which you sign. You should
always be alert to any damage or deterioration in the product. If unacceptable product is
allowed onto the trailer without a notation of its poor condition on the bill of lading, we
will likely be responsible to pay a claim. Contact the Claims Department at 1-800-8971801, option 32 if you have any concerns or questions on count or condition of your load.
Temperature
A high percentage of the loads we transport require protective, temperature-controlled
service. If the bill of lading stipulates the product be maintained at zero degrees, and the
temperature of the product, when it is loaded onto the trailer, is actually 20 degrees, we are
placing ourselves in a very vulnerable position unless we note on the bill of lading the
actual temperature of the product. You must carry a pulp thermometer and use it to insure
that the actual temperature of the product conforms to the temperature contained on the bill
of lading. If the shipper refuses to allow you to note improper temperatures on the bill of
lading, contact the Claims Department immediately.
Paperwork Requirements
When delivering a load, remember that a copy of the bill of lading must be turned in with
your trip report to release your pay for the trip.
If another driver will be delivering your load, you are required to leave original bills of
lading in the permit box on the trailer unless your trailer is going into Mexico.
14
Proper Loading
Techniques
Loading to Ride
If the bill of lading contains cases of varying sizes, shapes, and weights, the heavier cases
should be placed on the bottom. Care should also be taken to prevent cases from falling
over if sudden stops occur. Make sure that the product is braced, blocked, shrink-wrapped
if necessary, and stacked down to ride. Even if the shipper loads the trailer, you are
responsible to ensure that the load will ride. In some cases, it may be necessary for you to
use load locks to brace the load. If you open your trailer doors at the point of delivery and
cases are scattered all over the trailer, it is always a poor reflection on you and the
company. Also, regardless of how well the product has been loaded, damage will remain a
possibility if the tractor is driven erratically, with sudden stops.
Proper Circulation
On temperature-controlled loads proper airflow is essential to maintain consistent
temperatures throughout the trailer. The trailer must be loaded in such a fashion that the air
may continually circulate from the front to the back of the trailer by flowing over and under
the product. The bulkhead and air chute in older trailers, are essential to this process. You
must also be cautious to avoid stacking the product so high that it interferes with the flow
of the air to the rear of the trailer. Also, it is a common mistake to load the product too near
to the rear doors. At the back of each trailer is a gutter, or threshold, that is important for
proper air circulation. At no time should the product be loaded over the threshold. This
practice leaves the product vulnerable to defrosting. Frozen vegetables are particularly
vulnerable to thawing in the warmer months of the year. Check with your Driver Manager
if you have any questions.
Weight Distribution
The gross allowable weight for the tractor, trailer, and load is 80,000 pounds. When
scaling, the tractor steer tires may weigh out at no more than 12,000 pounds. Tractor drive
tires and trailer tandems may weigh no more than 34,000 pounds each. The bill of lading
will always state the total weight of the load. Your challenge is to load the product into the
trailer in such a fashion that it is evenly distributed between the front and the back.
Scales
It is necessary for you to know what the combined weight of your tractor, trailer and load is
at all times. Remember that the maximum allowable weight is 80,000 and needs to be
distributed as a maximum of 12,000 pounds on your steer tires, 34,000 on your tandem
drive axel, and 34,000 pounds on the tandem trailer axels. You should weigh your load at
the nearest scale location after picking up the load.
Company Drivers. The current Driver Employee Policy Manual (red) on page 14, spells
out the policy on scales for company drivers as follows:
Company Driver Scaling Policy & Scaling Reimbursement -- C.R. England will
pay for all scaling, regardless of the weight, with a scale receipt. You are not
required to scale loads under 35,000 lbs, but you may decide to do so at your
own discretion. The company will pay all fines for overweight tickets on loads
under 35,000 lbs. Loads over 35,000 lbs should normally be scaled, but again
you may use your own judgment. If a driver fails to scale these loads and an
overweight fine is incurred, however, the driver will pay for any overweight
tickets.
Independent Contractors. The contract for independent contractors indicates they are
responsible for all expense associated with scaling loads. Independent contractors are
responsible for any ticket in the event they fail to scale their load, regardless of the original
15
load weight.
Cutting an Order
Cutting an order (removing product) to reduce the weight of your vehicle to acceptable
limits should never be done without first getting approval from your Driver Manager.
Overweight Citations
It is your responsibility to know your gross axle weight at all times. If the gross weight
exceeds 80,000 pounds, you should contact your Driver Manager for instructions. If you
follow these instructions and you still receive an overweight citation, C.R. England will pay
the citation. If you fail to follow instructions and receive a citation as a result, you will be
responsible for paying the citation.
Pallet Program
The cost and complexity of handling and maintaining our pallet needs has increased
significantly. It is projected that we will spend over $2.5 million this year on pallets. In
addition, significant amounts of time and money are spent picking up and dropping off
pallets. The Pallet Department is available to you as a resource to help better utilize C.R.
England pallets. The Pallet Department may be reached between 7:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m.
(MST/MDT) at 1-800-897-1801, option 62.
Pallet Dispatch Information
The satellite system has helped the Pallet Department become more proactive in the pallet
dispatch process. Once you have received your load assignment and assessed if you need
pallets or not, send satellite macro #30, PALLET REQUEST.
Your pallet dispatch will come automatically. You should get a response within 5 to 10
minutes. If you do not get a response within 30 minutes, call pallet dispatch. There may be
a system problem that is hampering our ability to send you the information.
Driver’s Responsibility When Dealing With Pallets
Inspect condition of pallet
Inspect condition of pallets at the time of loading to insure they are 4-way pallets in
good condition. “4-way” means that the pallet can be picked up from any side by a
forklift or pallet jack.
▪
▪
Inspect top and bottom deck boards to insure none are missing or broken.
View through the pallet jack fork opening of each pallet to insure there are no broken
boards.
▪
If there is a difference of opinion between you and the customer as to the quality of the
pallets being put on your truck, point it out to the loader and have it noted on your
bills. Remember, it is your responsibility to professionally act for the company. If the
customer’s representative becomes upset, please contact the Pallet Department
immediately.
Getting pallets back
Remember that all pallets belong to C.R. England unless otherwise noted in the load
assignment comments. Please always make sure to get the pallets back from the consignee.
16
Missing pallets
If it is determined that a specific driver is responsible for the loss of missing pallets, the
Pallet Department will work with that driver to reimburse the company for the cost of the
pallets.
Notification procedures
You must always notify the Pallet Department when:
▪
▪
The customer refuses any or all of our exchange pallets.
▪
▪
The customer appears to be giving us inferior pallets.
The customer can’t replace our exchange pallets. If you are on a multiple stop load,
please contact us at the particular stop where you are encountering the problem, not
after you have delivered the whole load.
There is any confusion as to whether the load is on C.R. England pallets or shipper
pallets.
Customer pallet accounts
When you receive the pallet dispatch for a load, note that there are some customers with
which C.R. England has a pallet account. The pallet dispatch will identify if the pallets you
are to use are provided by the shipper or C.R. England. CHEP pallets (blue pallets) are
considered as belonging to the shipper. Remember that the driver is responsible for
providing the proper number and quality of pallets.
Door Seals and Locks
Whenever shippers attach their own seals to a load, a certain amount of security is provided
to you and C.R. England. Under no circumstance should a shipper seal ever be broken
unless specifically authorized by the Driver Manager or the Claims Department. C.R.
England provides all of its drivers with door seals, and it is always a good practice to attach
a seal to the trailer doors when all loading is complete. Always remember to use your
safety lock to secure the trailer.
Freight Claims Prevention
It is important for you to remember the obligation we have to care for our customer’s
products. If the product is damaged, spoiled, or lost while in our custody, we not only bear
the expense of a freight claim, but we may lose the customer. Any problem which
threatens the safety of the cargo should be reported immediately to your Driver Manager
and the Claims Department at 1-800-897-1801, option 6 then 2. From 5:00 p.m. to 5:00
a.m. You should report load-related problems to After-hours. For more information on
claims, please contact Freight Claims through your Driver Manager.
In-Transit
Check Calls
It is each driver’s responsibility to make contact with his/her Driver Manager each day
between 12:00 midnight and 11:30 a.m. MST/MDT while on the road. On Saturdays the
check call should be sent between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 11:00 a.m. MST/MDT. No
check call is required on Sundays. Use satellite macro #4, “Check Call.”
17
Billing Information
Billing call. Immediately after loading you must send a “billing call” message (satellite
macro #2). If the load requires multiple pickups, wait until you have completed the final
pickup before sending the billing call macro.
Live VRU (Voice Response Unit)
To update the customer with early/late delivery times as well as any special delivery
instructions, use the VRU system through your Driver Manager (1-800-897-1801, option 8)
to be connected with the customer toll free.
After Hours Safety
Drivers should avoid, when possible, operation between midnight and 6 A.M unless
required for the load and should never operate beyond 11 hours of consecutive driving.
Load Monitoring and Security
Temperature-controlled loads
You should check your reefer unit every four hours to make sure that the proper product
temperature is being maintained. If there is a problem with your reefer unit, contact Road
Service and notify your Driver Manager.
Theft prevention & Anti-terrorism Tips
On the road:

Be alert when driving, note if any vehicles are following you with 3 or more
people in the vehicle. If so call 911.
Be aware of anyone watching your truck when at customer facilities or truck
stops.
Don’t discuss your load information (product, destination, trip specifics) with
anyone other than dispatch personnel.
When stopped be aware of anyone approaching your vehicle.
Utilize cell phones or Qualcomm in case of emergency.
Stopping at facilities:

Leave your truck in a secure parking lot
Never leave your vehicle running with the keys in it: shut off the engine and lock
the doors when you leave your truck.
If possible, don’t stop in unsafe or high-crime areas.
Use seals and/or locks to prevent and identify tampering.
Protecting your vehicle:
Check your Qualcomm unit and insure that it is messaging and tracking, if not
inform your dispatcher immediately.
Perform a quick walk-around your truck and trailer, at each stop, to check for
18

foreign objects.
Never leave a loaded trailer unlocked or unattended
Lock and Seal Requirements
Seal Requirement
•
•
•
•
•
All loads must be sealed. If a load is not sealed via shipper’s seal, the driver must
seal the load with a C. R. England seal.
The seal number must be verified and noted on the bill of lading prior to signing
for the load at the origin.
The integrity of this seal must not be compromised in transit. Do not break a seal
without Claims or After Hours authorization. Law Enforcement may require a seal
to be broken. If so, have the officer note on the bill of lading the seal was broken
and include his/her name and jurisdiction. The officer should also reseal the load
and note the new seal number on the bill of lading.
A “Seal Intact” and seal number notation must be noted and signed on the bill of
lading by the receiver prior to the breaking of the seal. If the trailer is dropped at a
customer, the driver must obtain a “Seal Intact” notation with the seal number
from the customer.
Multi stop loads require the seal history to be maintained. This means each
receiver must sign “Seal Intact” with the seal number. The Receiver must also
verify the new seal number securing the load to the next stop and document the
new number on the bill of lading.
Lock Requirement
•
It is mandatory that every driver lock all loaded trailers, under his or her custody,
with an “Enforcer” padlock. “Enforcer” Locks can be obtained from the Claims
Department & requires a $25 deposit.
Drop Policy
•
Never drop or leave your loaded trailer unattended. Loaded trailers can only be
dropped in secure authorized yards, when the driver cannot be physically present.
These yards include West Valley City, UT; Burlington, NJ; Laredo, TX; Mira
Loma, CA; Lathrop, CA; and Spartanburg, SC. Any exception must be cleared
through the Driver Manager or After Hours.
Load Security is critical. Failure to comply fully with these policies may result in
immediate termination and/or personal liability for the loss incurred. C.R. England’s
policy will serve to protect you, the company, and the American people. At the same time
it will thwart those dishonest individuals who seek to benefit by our loss.
Accidents
If you are involved in an accident, your first priority is to secure the scene to prevent
additional damage or injury. You must then care for any individuals who have lifethreatening injuries. Next, do everything possible to protect your load. Most law
19
enforcement officials will have little or no concern about preserving the value of the cargo.
Call Road Service at 1-800-891-1801, option 5 then 1 at any time, day or night. You must
also notify your Driver Manager. It is critical that you notify the Safety Department
immediately at 1-800-897-1836. If you are injured you must report injury to Insurance
Department at 1-800-848-7835. If circumstances prevent the immediate reporting of an
accident, you should take whatever steps are reasonable to protect the load.
See page 26 for the full list of procedures to follow after an accident.
Fuel
Fuel Optimizer/Fuel Stops
You will receive a fuel optimization message that specifies where you should fuel on each
new trip. The optimizer is a sophisticated program that considers your fuel level and fuel
prices at all trucks stops along your route. It then calculates where you should buy fuel to
minimize your fuel cost. In order for the optimizer to work correctly you will need to enter
the appropriate fuel level at each E-Call. Company drivers and Independent Contractors
that are on the “Fuel Cap” program are required to use the optimizer program. Independent
Contractors that are not on the “Fuel Cap” program are not required to use the optimizer,
however we strongly encourage you use the optimizer to secure the lowest cost of fuel. If
you and your Driver Manager agree that you must run a route different than the original trip
route, have your Driver Manager send you a new Fuel Optimization message..
Tips for Improved Fuel Economy
One of the most critical issues facing our industry is fuel economy. Here are several tips to
help you improve fuel efficiency.

Speed: Reducing speed may be the easiest way to improve your MPG
performance. As a general rule a 1 MPH reduction will result in approximately a
0.1 MPG increase in fuel efficiency.

Idle Time: Idling is very inefficient because the engine is burning fuel but the
wheels aren’t turning, and therefore no revenue is being generated. One simple
way to reduce fuel expense is to utilize the cab heater that is installed in each
truck. The cab heaters use about 1/20th of a gallon per hour versus ¾ of a gallon
per hour to run your truck engine. Also there is no need to idle at a higher than
standard idle speed RPM unless you can’t maintain the desired temperature in the
cab. If you do need to idle up 900 RPM is sufficient. Idling any higher than 900
rpm is both unnecessary and inefficient.

Cruise Control: Using cruise control improves fuel economy! Some drivers use
cruise control more than others. We don’t know why that is. It may be that some
drivers don’t like it or think that they can drive more efficient than cruise control.
But the facts from engine manufacturers show that trucks that use cruise control
more often, use less fuel. Obviously cruise control should only be used when it is
safe to do so, but when it is safe give your foot a rest and use the cruise control.

Top Gear: Engine manufacturers have found that the amount of time spent in
top gear has a significant impact on fuel economy. Trucks that spend a higher
percentage of time in top gear burn less fuel! There are 2 significant things to
remember with this. First, the transmission is very inefficient when the truck is
driven one gear down from top gear. The transmission has more gear sets that the
power must run through, resulting in approximately a 16% loss of power.
20
Second, our current engines are designed to run at lower RPM than the engines of
several years ago. All of our trucks can be lugged to 1200 to 1300 RPM before
shifting is necessary. The torque curve is such that these engines will actually
pull better at lower RPM. The result of shifting down too early is that you will
increase the RPM of the engine (burn more fuel) and the engine will no longer be
in its peak torque band. These two reasons emphasize the importance of using
top gear as much as is possible.

Unloading
Proper Tire Inflation: Under inflated tires result in poor fuel economy! In fact
if tire pressure is 10 psi lower than recommended it reduces fuel economy by 1%.
Always insure that your tires are properly inflated. The recommended tire
pressure on all of our trucks is 100 psi. Regularly check your tire pressures to
insure the best possible fuel economy.
Customer Relations
Our drivers have more direct contact with customers than anyone in our organization,
including sales and operations. The kind of impression that is made upon the dock
foreman, shipping manager, etc. will have a lot to do with the reputation of C.R. England.
A positive impression will help solidify the relationship between the company and the
customer, and will most likely affect the volume of freight tendered to us. A driver who is
polite, courteous, and neat in appearance can be a tremendous sales advantage for our
company and allow us to get the most driver-friendly freight.
Theft Alert
In the history of C.R. England, we have had several instances where thieves have been
successful in deceiving our drivers into delivering their loads to improper locations. A
popular scheme is for the thief to approach the driver as he/she arrives at the receiver’s
dock. The thief will tell the driver that the load needs to be delivered to a different location,
thereby allowing the thief to take custody of the product without the receiver ever having
seen it. Each driver must be aware that there are many dishonest people who will conspire
to enrich themselves at the expense of the company. Whenever you observe anything that
appears unusual or suspicious, please contact your Driver Manager immediately.
Count and Condition
Driver responsibilities. When you open your trailer doors and back into the receiver’s
dock, you are in the final stages of completing our contract with our customer. It is then
that we are evaluated on whether we delivered the same amount of the product that was
tendered to us, and in the same condition as it was when we received it. If the driver was
careless in inspecting the product at the time it was loaded, and damaged or deteriorated
product was allowed onto the trailer, it’s possible that the receiver will reject it and that we
will be responsible to pay a claim. Because the count and condition are so important, we
discourage the use of lumpers. They do not have the same interest in protecting the
company as you do.
Seal procedures. It is required to have a representative of the receiver witness the
breaking of the door seal. You should also have the receiver write the seal number on the
delivery receipt along with a note indicating he/she witnessed the breaking of the seal and
his/her signature. This provides some protection for the driver and the company in the
21
event of a freight claim.
Overages, shortages, and damage. As soon as you are aware of a shortage or of damaged
products, you should call the Claims Department immediately at 1-800-897-1801 option 6,
then 2. This cannot be postponed until the next day or until the driver leaves the receiver’s
facility. In many cases, the problem can be solved by having our Claims Department talk
with both the shipper and receiver to see if there is an adequate explanation for the
problem. In the case of rejected product, or of overages, the Claims Manager must likewise
be notified so that a decision can be made as to its disposition. Under no circumstances
should you ever dispose of a product without approval
Communication Required For Load Availability
When on the road. Whenever you are empty (or soon will be), it is important that you
maintain close contact with your Driver Manager so that you can be dispatched on a new
load at the earliest opportunity. If you need to be off-duty for a day or two for any reason
(maintenance problems, out of hours, etc.), it is essential that you give your Driver
Manager 48 hours prior notice whenever possible. Then, at least 24 hours before returning
to duty (if possible) you must contact your Driver Manager so that your next load can be
properly planned. It is also a good habit to notify your Driver Manager via satellite message
from any unloading point and forecast when you will be empty. This simple step can
sometimes eliminate as much as a whole day of layover. When unloading is completed,
you must send an empty-call message (satellite macro #5) to your Driver Manager.
Communication during home time. During your time off you must notify your DM of
any changes in your home time needs at least 48 hours in advance. In all cases,
communicate with your Driver Manager at least 24 hours before the end of your scheduled
home time to give him/her the opportunity to plan your next load. Communication of this
kind will eliminate unnecessary delays and inconvenience to the customer and the driver.
22
6.
Safety
Overview
C.R. England is vitally concerned with the safety of our drivers and the motoring public.
We strongly believe that safety consciousness on the part of each one of you leads to safe
operations. The purpose of this section is to contribute to this safety consciousness. This
information is directive in nature for C.R. England company drivers. Independent
contractors are assumed to be knowledgeable of the rules and regulations that govern the
transportation industry and it is expected that they will govern themselves according to
these rules while under contract with C.R. England. Therefore, independent contractors
should interpret this section as a guide only.
This section contains the following areas of discussion:
▪
▪
▪
Safety Policies
Safety Policies
High Risk Areas
Accidents
C.R. England is committed to maintaining a safe working environment for all its
independent contractors and company drivers. C.R. England will comply with all
applicable safety and security laws and regulations, such as those established by DOT,
EPA, OSHA, TSA and all other federal, state and local safety and health agencies. C.R.
England will make every effort to assure that generally accepted safe practices are
followed.
Government Rules and Regulations
C.R. England accepts and adopts all existing federal, state, and local traffic regulations. It
is each driver’s responsibility to be familiar with the laws and ordinances in the states and
localities in which he/she is operating. Below is a listing of the most pertinent parts of the
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations, a copy of which is given to each of you during
orientation. You should familiarize yourself with these publications as soon as possible.
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
Part 382- Controlled Substances and Alcohol Use and Testing
Part 383- Commercial Drivers License Standards
Part 390- General
Part 391- Driver Qualifications
Part 392- Driving of Motor Vehicles
Part 393- Parts Necessary for Safe Operation
Part 395- Hours of Service Regulation
Part 396- Inspection, Repair, and Maintenance
Part 397- Hazardous Material Rules
Falsified Information
No driver will knowingly give “false testimony”, or omit important facts from verbal or written
reports, such as logs, given to the company or other people representing the company’s interests.
23
Arrests, Citations, Accidents, and License Suspensions
All drivers, in compliance with federal law, must report to the Safety Department in
writing, as soon as possible, after receiving any traffic citation or DOT or state agency
inspections. You must also report to Safety any suspension or revocation of your
commercial driver license by the next working day after you receive notification of the
suspension. Annually, each driver will be required to complete a Violation and Review
Record. This record will include any and all traffic citations received in the previous 12month period. Your safety manager will conduct this citation review in conjunction with
an annual safety performance review.
Suspension: A period of time during which the driver is prohibited from driving or
performing work related duties and during which the driver is not paid. The driver will be
advised in writing that repetition of this or similar violations will result in termination.
Seatbelts
It is a federal law (392.16) that all that all commercial drivers wear their seatbelt at all
times while driving. Remember that in most states you could be pulled over and issued a
citation simply for not wearing your safetybelt.
Drug & Alcohol
Policy
C.R. England has a zero-tolerance policy toward drug and alcohol abuse. The possession,
sale, use, and/or consumption of controlled substances, regardless of duty status, is strictly
prohibited. Consumption of intoxicating beverages in a C.R. England vehicle or on
company premises, or in a commercial motor vehicle, is prohibited. England’s drug and
alcohol policy calls for testing for use of controlled substances and alcohol under the
following circumstances:
Random testing. On a periodic basis a number of drivers will be selected at random
to be tested for alcohol and drugs.
Probable cause testing. A driver may be tested for involvement in a preventable
accident, or receipt of a verifiable report of violation of C.R. England’s alcohol and
drug policy. Individuals appearing intoxicated while in C.R. England equipment or on
C.R. England property may be subject to probable cause drug/alcohol testing.
Post-accident testing. A driver will be scheduled for a drug screen within 32 hours and
an alcohol test within 8 hours after being involved in a DOT reportable accident.
It is the policy of C R England, Inc. that the use, sale, purchase, transfer, possession, or
presence in one's system of any controlled substance (except approved medically
prescribed drugs) by any driver while on the company premises, engaged in company
business, operating company equipment, or while under the authority of C R England, Inc.
is strictly prohibited. Disciplinary action will be taken as necessary.
Passengers
Unauthorized Passengers
You cannot allow unauthorized persons to ride in or upon equipment or vehicles owned by
the Company. In all cases, passengers must be approved by the Safety Department, in
advance and in accordance to section 392.60 of the FMCSR. Your Driver Manager must
also be made aware of any passengers in your vehicle. Please see Section 5, “Safety,” for
further information on passenger authorization.
24
Unauthorized Passengers & Authorized Riders
A. Unauthorized Riders: Per FMCSR 392.60, at no time shall a person be
transported in a commercial motor vehicle without written authorization. The
unauthorized list includes but is not limited to lumpers, hitchhikers, friends, relatives,
or other.
B. Authorized Riders: Upon meeting the following qualifications, a driver may
receive authorization by the Safety Department to carry a passenger.
•
•
•
•
•
•
The driver must have at least one month solo status (not applicable to
Independent Contractors).
The driver must have at least 30 days accident-free driving after being designated
a solo driver. If a driver has a preventable accident or incident, the driver may
not take a passenger until 30 days after retraining is documented for that accident
of incident.
The passenger must be at least 10 years of age (Six years of age for Independent
Contractors).
A company driver must obtain accident insurance for the passenger through the
Safety department . Insurance cost is determined by the length of time the
passenger will be on the truck (Independent Contractor passengers are included
as part of other insurance coverage).
The driver and passenger must sign a release prior to the commencement of the
trip. Arrangements must be made within 24 hours prior to the need for
authorization. Release for a minor child should be signed by the child’s parents
or legal guardians.
Only one passenger at a time will be authorized.
Safety Meetings
Safety Meeting Attendance. A new safety related topic is discussed each month in the
safety meeting to assist drivers in staying current with industry and company standards.
Live meetings are held daily at 9am and 3pm in Salt Lake City, UT. Drivers attending
these meetings live are required to complete the associated quiz. DVDs are also distributed
to all of our outside locations including all dedicated areas. Drivers that elect to watch
DVDs are required to complete the associated one page quiz and deliver it to the site
manager to receive credit. The safety meetings are also available on C.R. England’s
website (www.crengland.com).
Defensive
Driving
We expect all of our drivers to live by the principles of defensive driving. A defensive
driver is one who:
▪
Makes allowances for the lack of knowledge, or foolishness, on the part of other
drivers.
▪
▪
▪
Recognizes that he/she has no control over the unpredictable actions of others.
Accepts that he/she cannot control the weather or road conditions.
Concedes the right of way, and makes other allowances to avoid a collision.
Is careful to commit no driving errors himself/herself, and is alert to avoid accident traps
and hazards created by forces beyond his/her control.
Physical and Mental Condition
You bear primary responsibility for making sure that your physical and mental condition
is conducive to safe driving. Under no circumstances should you drive if you are not
25
mentally or physically fit. Call the Safety Department if in doubt as to your ability to
either physically or mentally operate your truck in a safe manner.
Safe Driving Triangle (Sight, Speed, and Space)
Sight is how well you can see ahead of, behind, and around the vehicle. It also refers to
how much attention you pay to what you are looking at as well as your understanding of
warning signs and possible hazards.
Space: The key element in space management is following distance or in other words,
how far you are behind the vehicle in front of you. Most drivers don’t leave enough
following distance, but as a professional driver, you should not be one of them. The space
in front of you is the best protection you have against accidents. You also need to be
aware of the space you need above, below, behind, and to the sides of your vehicle, and
anything that’s in that space.
Speed is how fast you are moving. It’s important to understand that just because you are
going the speed limit or below the speed limit, it does not mean you are driving at a safe
speed. Posted highway speed limits are the maximum speeds designed for cars, not large
trucks. Trucks cannot stop as quickly as cars and they tip over much more easily. Even
twenty-five miles per hour can be too fast if the road is slippery or traffic is heavy.
Professional drivers adjust their speed for the weather, traffic, load, and road conditions.
Speed Limit
Your speed should be dictated by the posted limits, local weather, and road conditions
existing at the time. Your tractor speed should never exceed 62 mph. C.R. England
company equipment is governed to run no faster than 62 mph and no faster than 67 for
independent contractor tractors with leases beginning after April 1, 2008. The speed limit
in any truck stop, customer yard, or company facility shall not exceed 5 mph.
While in training, drivers are not to exceed 60 mph.
Speed should never be faster than a rate consistent with existing speed laws, and road,
traffic, and weather conditions existing at any time. In extreme conditions a safe road
speed may be zero.
Policy. If a driver is involved in a major preventable accident in which speeding too
fast for conditions is a contributing factor, the driver will be subject to severe
disciplinary actions, including suspension, probation, and possible termination.
Speed Rules for Bad Weather
Because large trucks are much heavier than cars, it takes them several times longer than a
car to stop. When the road surface is wet or icy it takes even longer. The key rules for
managing speed in bad weather are:
•
•
•
Slow down 1/3 for wet roads. For example, a road driven safely at 60
mph in good weather should be driven at 40 mph when the roads are
wet.
Slow down ½ for snow. This means a road driven safely at 60 mph in
good weather should be driven at 30 mph in snow.
Icy Road Conditions. Icy road conditions require chains and should
not be driven on at all if you can wait them out in a safe haven or avoid
them altogether.
26
When taking a ramp in bad weather, you should apply both speed rules; the one for the
ramp, and the one for bad weather. So if a curved ramp has a posted speed of 45 mph
under good conditions, you would take the ramp at 22 mph. If the ramp were snowpacked, you should then cut that speed in half once more and take the ramp at NO MORE
THAN 11 MPH.
Following Distance. The general rule for following distance is 1 second for every 10 feet
of vehicle length. Then add an additional 1 second for speeds over 40 mph. Drivers
should maintain at least a 9 second following distance when traveling at highway speeds.
Curves
Curves must always be negotiated at reduced speed because of the high center of gravity
of your vehicle. Speed should be consistent with visibility, the sharpness of the curve, and
other prevailing road and traffic conditions. When negotiating a curve on the open
highway, be sure to stay entirely within your lane. Do not swing wide or cut across other
lanes.
Get into position well in advance of the turn. Signal your intention to turn. Check the
traffic conditions before turning and do not make the turn until the way is clear. Your turn
is not complete until you have watched the trailer round the corner in your mirror. Curves
and turns require extra attention in bad weather.
Freeway Exit Ramps
Exit ramps from freeways are often extremely dangerous, because of sharp turns and the
necessity for greatly reduced speeds. When you approach an exit ramp be sure to slow
below the posted speed. Many ramps have decreasing radius turns with posted speeds
designed for cars, not tractor-trailers. This means that as you go through the turn, you will
have to continually turn more sharply. Be especially careful to adjust for slippery road
conditions. On exit ramp accidents, the driver invariably has entered the ramp at an
excessive rate of speed. Remember, it is C.R. England policy to travel exit ramps at onehalf the posted speed limit.
Turns
Right hand turns are very dangerous.
Setting up close to the curb is for safety.
It prevents other traffic from moving into
the inside of your turn. Glance in your
right mirror and seal off the right side by
moving toward the curb leaving 3 to 5
feet of room. As the driver’s seat passes
the apex of the turn, turn your steering
wheel no more than ¼ turn in the
direction of the apex (reference point).
Look in your mirror for your trailer
tandems and the reference point to avoid
running over or into the apex. When the
tandems reach the apex of the turn, turn
27
the steering wheel quickly and fully in the direction of the turn.
You have the obligation to watch your trailer in your spot mirror completely through each
turn.
Low Bridges and Topped Trailers
The equipment we operate is tall, wide and long. Never attempt movement through an
overpass or tunnel that has a clearance of less than 13 feet 6 inches. Be particularly careful
of tunnels and overpasses in city limits (especially in Chicago, New York, Long Island,
and Boston). Never use parkways on the East Coast. These highways are designed for cars
and they do not have sufficient clearances. Always approach the overpass slowly. If you
have any questions concerning the clearance, get out and check! Going through in one
direction does not guarantee that you will be able to go through in the other direction. Use
extra caution on roads that have been resurfaced. Resurfacing or snow and ice buildup will
reduce the clearance by several inches.
Backing
Be very careful when backing up. Use the following guidelines:
▪
Don't back up unless you have to. It’s always safer to drive forward. Plan each stop
ahead of time so you will have the shortest possible distance to back up.
▪
Backing on, or into heavily traveled roads accounts for a large number of accidents.
Advanced planning of your trip can avoid this. Know where you are going to turn and
get into the proper lane to make the turn.
▪
Before you back, get out of the truck and walk the path that you are going to take.
Check your clearance on both sides and above. Be on the lookout for anyone or
anything that might move into your way after you start backing.
▪
Before backing up to a dock or down an alley, open the doors of the trailer and secure
them. You may not have the room to do this once you get the truck in a parked
position.
▪
Make full use of your mirrors when backing. Learn to back safely with your head
inside the cab.
▪
There are times when clearance is very tight, or some other problem makes the
backing difficult. An extra pair of eyes can be a big help. Ask someone who works
where you are stopping to guide you. Even though someone is assisting you, never
forget that the responsibility is ultimately yours.
▪
Learn to judge your distance properly, as a lot of damage is done when a driver hits
the dock too hard.
▪
Once stopped, shut off the engine and set the brakes. Be sure to block your wheels.
This is your best assurance that the unit will stay where you have it.
▪
It isn’t always the inexperienced driver who has the backing accident. You can avoid
one if you use some common sense and follow these safety rules every time you back
up.
Parking
28
Avoid parking where you will block the view of stores, driveways, or the roadway. Do not
park on the roadway, within 10 feet of the roadway, or on private property without
permission. Make sure that you are parked in a safe, legal spot. Our biggest problem with
parking is in truck stops. The congestion in truck stops greatly increases the risk of having
an accident. Try to avoid parking on the end of a row of trucks where someone could hit
you as they make a turn. Dock areas are often as dangerous. Whenever parking or
maneuvering your equipment, pay special attention to clearances. Stay as far away from
other vehicles as possible. Parking on a highway shoulder can be hazardous. The hazard
comes from a combination of factors: The relatively high speed and small size of passing
vehicles compared to a stopped tractor-trailer; the lack of protection for those outside of
stopped vehicles; the tendency of autos to slide underneath semi-trailers. It is C.R.
England’s policy that no driver should stop or park on any highway except in an
emergency.
Sleep
It is C.R. England company policy that while the truck is moving, the upper bunk is
NEVER occupied.
It is a C.R. England recommended practice that drivers use restraints while in the sleeper
berth whenever the truck is moving.
Recognizing Drowsy Driver Caution Signals
If you experience two or more of these caution signals, it’s time to get off the road before
you fall asleep behind the wheel:
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
Obtained fewer than 8 hours sleep in previous 24 hours
It is one of two lulls of the day: 1-4 p.m. or 1-4 a.m.
Sunrise following drive through the night
Feelings of drowsiness; increased yawning, frequent blinking, head nodding
Concentration is waning; wandering thoughts, reduced awareness of surroundings
Driving judgment not as crisp, quick or effective
Slower decision-making
Visual scan pattern to mirrors degrading; surprised by overtaking traffic
Sporadic variations in vehicle speed (too fast or too slow)
Lost awareness of location on the map
Don’t remember recent mile markers at side of road
Unknowingly pass up planned highway exit
Failure to follow instructions on road signs
Following too closely
Intermittent braking
Gear shifting becoming more frequent, erratic, grinding gears
Increasing desire to go to sleep
Shaking head to stay awake
Lane deviations; weaving
29
▪
Driving over rumble strips at shoulder of road
Fatigue and Falling Asleep at the Wheel
You are the only one who can determine whether you are too tired to proceed safely.
Under no circumstances should you ever proceed when you are drowsy. We would rather
have a late load than an accident. Call your Driver Manager or the Safety Department if
you feel you are too tired to safely operate your equipment.
Jackknife Accidents
Operating a semi-tractor trailer always puts one at risk of a jackknife accident. Jackknife
accidents generally happen on wet or icy roads, but can happen whenever the driver makes
any sudden momentum change that isn’t consistent with the direction of the vehicle. This
can happen either by improper throttling, braking, or steering. You are particularly
vulnerable to a jackknife when you are pulling a light load. A very effective means of
avoiding a jackknife is to keep traction on all axles at all times. The use of jake brakes
and/or cruise control on wet or icy roads is prohibited.
Lane Changes
Caution needs to be exercised in changing lanes. You must always signal your intention to
change lanes and you must be sure that the lane you are merging into is clear. Blind spots
must be constantly monitored. Signal, check your mirrors, and then clear the blind spot by
slightly reducing speed to allow any hidden vehicles to move forward into sight. When
clear, slightly increase speed and proceed with the lane change.
Landing Gear Damage
The configuration of our equipment necessitates that the landing legs on our trailers be
close to the ground. Whenever there is an abrupt change in the level of the road surface
you should get out and make sure your landing legs have proper clearance. The risk is
particularly great with railroad crossings, curbs, and gutters. One way to reduce the risk is
to make sure your landing legs are cranked all the way up. Go slow and listen closely for
any sound of the landing gear making contact with the ground.
Construction Zones
Construction zones require additional caution. The greatest risks are created by the
merging of lanes and the reduction of speed. These situations require your full attention.
Maintaining a safe speed and adequate following distance is critical.
General Rules
Whenever your tractor or trailer is disabled along the side of the roadway, you are required
to place warning devices at various prescribed points to warn the motoring public. On
England tractors the devices are located under the left side of the sleeper. The following
are the proper procedures for placing emergency warning devices.
▪
Immediately upon stopping, activate the four-way flasher switch to simultaneously
30
flash the turn signals on both sides of the unit at front and rear.
▪
Within 10 minutes, place a reflective triangle, or a reflector flare on the traffic side of
the vehicle and 10 feet to the front or rear in the direction of the nearest approaching
traffic.
▪
Place a second reflective triangle, or reflector flare at least 100 feet from your vehicle
in the center of the lane occupied by the unit, and in the direction toward the traffic
approaching in that lane.
▪
Place a third reflective triangle, or reflector flare 100 feet from your vehicle in the
opposite direction and in the center of the lane occupied by the unit.
When the vehicle is stopped on a divided highway or one-way road, placement of
emergency warning signals should be as follows: one signal 200 feet to the rear and in the
center of the lane occupied by the vehicle, one signal 100 feet to the rear and in the center
of the lane occupied by the vehicle, one signal at the traffic side of the vehicle and 10 feet
to the rear.
Accidents
Accident Reporting Procedures. ALL accidents must be reported to C.R. England.
Accident Scene Procedures
In case of an accident, follow these five steps:
1.
Secure the scene. Put out triangles to prevent another accident.
2.
Attend to the injured and make them comfortable.
3.
Call the police (the first call you will make).
4.
Document the scene. Write down all other equipment and parties involved.
Obtain names and address of all witnesses, including first persons to arrive. If
names are refused, get the license plate number of their vehicle. Have witness
cards completed if possible. Obtain a written statement from the witness(es)
5.
Notify C.R. England before leaving the scene.
a.
CALL: (800) 897 – 1836 day or night
b.
Send a macro 50 with accident information
Your accident report should include the following information:
▪
▪
▪
▪
Date and location of accident
Name(s) of other driver(s) involved
Address and telephone number of the other driver(s)
Year, make, model, and license number of other vehicle(s) involved
31
▪
▪
Description of damages to all vehicles
▪
Take picture of the scene and all vehicles involved.
The name of the law enforcement agency involved in the accident
investigation
Send macro 21 to Road Service if equipment is disabled or unsafe.
Be courteous. Discuss the accident only with Police or the C.R. England adjuster. Do not
admit responsibility or agree to pay anything or sign anything except for the C.R. England
adjuster.
Fully complete an accident report. Send this report, any witness cards, and any state
reports and photographs in a C.R. England TripPak envelope. Do not delay.
Accident Review Procedures
In the event a driver disagrees with initial determination regarding chargeability, a review
board consisting of the driver’s safety manager, a training representative, an impartial
experienced company driver, and the driver in question may, at the sole discretion of C.R.
England, be convened to determine whether the accident was chargeable. Every
accident shall be considered chargeable unless it is established by investigation and review
that there was no action that the driver could have reasonably taken to avoid the
accident and that his/her actions in no way contributed to the occurrence of the accident.
A chargeable accident is determined by the driver’s conduct. If the conduct of the driver
directly contributes to the accident, it is chargeable. This standard is specifically not
intended to be a “negligence” standard defined in the various state’s civil law.
Chargeable Accident Evaluation Form (Point System)
If an accident is determined to be non-chargeable, it is recorded in the driver’s personnel
file and no further action is taken. When an accident is determined to be chargeable the
driver will either receive, instruction, retraining or be terminated. England reserves the
right to take any action it, in its sole discretion, deems appropriate under the
circumstances. The point system is designed to assess the risk of a driver who has had a
chargeable accident. The driver will receive points based on several categories, including
but not limited to: accident type, accident cost, accident injuries, tenure with C.R.
England, previous accidents, citations, probations, etc. Accident retraining can include but
is not limited to: road evaluation, range evaluation, safety meetings, defensive driving
class, computer based training, etc.
Safe Driving
Award
Qualifications
Driver Recognition and Awards
At C.R. England, we understand how hard our drivers work to be safe. Therefore we have
several programs to recognize and award our numerous safe drivers. Some of our more
common awards are as follows:

ATA Million Mile Award: The American Trucking Association recognizes
drivers that have met their million mile safe driving standards. This award is
presented for every million mile mark (for example: an award for one million
safe miles, two million safe miles, three million safe miles, etc.). C.R. England is
32
proud of drivers who reach these milestones and in recognition, we are pleased to
present those drivers with a commemorative plaque, belt buckle, pin, patch, hat,
t-shirt, recognition in the monthly Safety Meeting video, and in the C.R. England
Round Table newsletter.
Logging
Procedures

Safe Driving Truck Display: Upon attending your first live monthly Safety
Meeting in Salt Lake City, you will receive a Safe Driving Truck Display on
which to apply Safe Driving stickers indicating seniority, safe driving miles,
training status, Road Team membership, etc.

Safe Driving Awards: Taking into account a driver’s accident record and
seniority, Safe Driving Awards are presented annually. These awards include a
gift such as: a corporate logo jacket, necklace, earrings, bracelet, the five year
ring, pendent, the president’s ring, royal executive watch.
C.R. England and DOT Logging Procedures
1. Logs must be neat, readable, and completely filled in. Every driver must turn in all
logs with their TripPak at the completion of each trip. This includes local drivers.
2.
BLACK INK ONLY. No pencil or color pens.
3.
DO NOT STAPLE, tear or otherwise damage your logs. Use paper clips if necessary.
4.
Call your Log Auditor once a month to settle any log violations. This will help keep
you off Stop Dispatch. Violations are calculated daily; however, you will only be
notified the first day of each month concerning the major violations. This will be done
via QualComm.
5.
RECAP must be filled in on every log. All logs must have the vertical and horizontal
lines on the graph grid.
6.
If you are in the West Valley City yard for more than two hours, you must show a
minimum ½-hour pre-trip inspection when leaving the yard. This time is allotted for
fuel, inspection, hook, etc. If it is less than two hours, show a minimum 15 minutes at
the time you fuel. Use West Valley City, not Salt Lake City.
7.
Flag three tire checks a day. For hazmat loads, tire checks must be flagged every time
you park your truck for “any” reason and you must show the city and state each time.
8.
You have two inspections a day:
▪ VI (Vehicle Inspection) when you first start driving for the day. If you can do it
in less than 7½ minutes, you can flag it. If you are in a state that requires a
minimum 15 minutes, you must log it on line 4.
▪ PTI (Post Trip Inspection) is done the last time you go into the sleeper for the
day. You complete the Vehicle Inspection Report when you do the Post Trip
Inspection.
States that require a minimum 15 minutes for both the VI and PTI: AZ, CA,
MO, TN, PA and IN. All states require a minimum 15-minute PTI.
9.
City and State must be logged on every change of duty status. You must use rest areas
or exits, but the closest city and state is also required. You must show the city and
state on Off Duty logs, as well.
10. Any DOT inspection, citation or accident report must be logged on line 4 on the
DAY, PLACE, TIME & AMOUNT OF TIME SPENT. THIS IS VERY
33
IMPORTANT.
11. Your average speed for each day driving cannot exceed 5 MPH below the posted
speed limit in the state in which you are driving or the governed speed of the truck,
whichever is lower.
12. You must be within 50 miles (by Rand McNally) a DAY, from A (departure) to B
(final destination) on each day’s log.
13. Do not combine off duty logs with working logs. A working log is having any time on
lines 3 or 4. An off duty log is a full 24 hours off duty. Each day off duty must have
its own log.
14. You must log ALL FUEL STOPS on line 4 for a minimum of 15 minutes. We know
the day, place, and time that you fuel and you must log accordingly. You must log it
within the nearest ¼ hour.
15. We know the time you ARRIVE at pickups and deliveries. You must log your
ARRIVAL TIME. You Bill of Lading information must be on your logs.
16. The computer calculates the following MAJOR VIOLATIONS:
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
Speeding
▪
If you receive four or more Level A violations of the same kind within one month,
you will receive a QualComm warning.
▪
If you receive four or more Level A violations of the same kind in the next month,
you will receive a QualComm warning and be placed on probation.
▪
If you receive four or more Level A violations of the same kind in the third month,
you will receive a QualComm warning, be brought to Salt Lake City for mandatory
LOG retraining.
11, 14 and 70 hours violations
Mileage incorrect
DOT and accident reports logged incorrectly
Fuel not matching
Fuel not on line 4
Time of arrivals (on pickup and deliveries) not matching
17. C.R. England has a Progressive Disciplinary Practice to ensure Hours of Service
compliance:
▪
If you receive four or more Level A violations of the same kind in the fourth month,
your employment will be terminated or lease cancelled.
18. Logging sleeper berth provision: You may split your sleeper berth TWICE ONLY in
an 11-hour driving period. Your two sleeper periods must total 10 hours with one
period being a minimum of two hours and the other at least 8 hours on line #2.
19. OFF DUTY berth: OFF DUTY you CANNOT SPLIT. It must be ten consecutive
hours to count as your rest period. Off duty time can be combined with sleeper time as
long as it is consecutive (not broken up with any driving or on duty time) and totals
ten hours.
20. C.R. England allows you two 1-hour breaks and one 2-hour break a day, in writing on
the back of your certification card, in which you are relieved of the responsibilities of
34
the load and/or truck, to eat, shower, do laundry, etc. This time may be logged OFF
DUTY. This is the only time you are relieved of the responsibilities and is the only
time you are allowed to log OFF DUTY under a load.
21. CANADA LAWS: On each day’s log you must sign the top and bottom at the
beginning of the day. You must fill in the beginning and ending mileage. You must
list the base plate # of your tractor and trailer above the tractor and trailer # on your
log. You must log a vehicle inspection on your logs at Customs.
22. All logs, for each trip, must be included and submitted with your trip documents
(company policy). As per DOT regulations, they must ALWAYS be received no later
than 13 days from the day they were created.
23. REMEMBER TO FOLD YOUR LOGS FROM SIDE TO SIDE, NOT TOP TO
BOTTOM TO FACILITATE SCANNING.
Remember, you must follow all D.O.T. and C.R. England company policies!
Maximum Driving and On-Duty Time
▪
11-Hour Violation: After 10 consecutive hours off duty, a driver may not drive more
than 11 hours.
▪
14-Hour Violation: A driver must not drive after being on duty for 14 hours.
Log Auditing
C.R. England is committed to operating in a safe and legal manner at all times. The
submission of accurate, true, neat and legible daily logs is an integral part of this
commitment. The company will audit driver's logs to ensure compliance with the Federal
Motor Carrier Safety Regulations, Part 395. Intentional or negligent noncompliance with
hours of service regulations will not be tolerated at C.R. England.
Log Auditing Procedures
C.R. England 's log auditing procedures consist of four steps.
1.
All drivers are expected to submit accurate, true, neat and legible daily logs in a
timely manner.
2.
Daily logs will be forwarded to C.R. England 's Safety Department by including
logs in the required TripPak with other related trip documents for audit and
review.
3.
Drivers will be given feedback and/or corrective action will be suggested based
on results of log audits.
4.
Recognition will be given to drivers who submit zero defect logs.
Log Submission
C.R. England requires all drivers to submit daily logs in a timely manner. Before
submission of logs, drivers are expected to check them for completeness, accuracy and
legibility. Any corrections to the log before submission must be made by the driver only.
35
Auditing
After submission by drivers, logs will be forwarded to C.R. England 's Safety and
Compliance Department for auditing. Logs will be audited for form and manner
violations, hours of service violations, grid and recap violations and log falsification. All
drivers’ logs will be retained by the company for a period of six months (FMCSR, Sec.
395.8(k))
Form and Manner Violations
Form and manner violations indicate carelessness on the driver's part. This kind of
violation can easily be avoided by following C.R. England 's log submission procedure of
checking each log for completeness before submission. Form and manner violations
include:
▪
Log Missing: Drivers must submit a log for each day, except that two or more
consecutive off duty days may be on one sheet as long as the off-duty days are in the
same calendar month.
▪
Date Missing/Duplicate Logs: Each log must be dated and there must be only one log
for each day.
▪
Miles Driven Missing: Total actual miles driven in the 24-hour period must be
entered.
▪
▪
Name of Carrier Missing/In Error: C.R. England must be entered.
▪
Driver's Signature Missing/In Error: The driver must sign his/her full legal name on
each daily log sheet.
▪
Co-Driver Name Missing: The driver must enter first name, initial and complete last
name of his/her co-driver if operating as a team.
▪
▪
Main Office Address: Enter full city and state abbreviation.
▪
Pre-Trip Inspection/Tire Check Improperly Noted: Drivers shall identify locations
when a change in duty status occurs.
▪
Different Log for Same Day: Each log graph can carry only one set of information.
Vehicle/Trailer Numbers Missing: Unit numbers of all C.R. England vehicles
operated in the 24-hour period must be entered.
Missing Shipping Document/In Error: The driver must show a shipping document
number or trip number for each trip in the 24-hour period.
Level A Log Violation
Level A Log violations, specifically violations of the 11, 14, 60/70 hour rules, are more
serious than form and manner violations. Hours of service abuse may contribute to fatigue,
which jeopardizes the safety of the driver and the general motoring public. Level A Log,
grid and recap violations include:
▪
Hours Missing/In Error: Drivers must record total hours used at the end of each line
of the graph. The hours added together must equal 24.
▪
11-Hour Violation: After 10 consecutive hours off duty, a driver may not drive more
36
than 11 hours.
▪
Over Maximum Average MPH: Drivers must not average over the company or posted
speed limit.
▪
Change in Duty Status Missing/Remarks Error: Enter full city and state abbreviation
for each duty status change.
▪
Stop/Start Location Not the Same: The starting location on a log must be the same as
the ending location on the previous log.
▪
▪
14-Hour Violation: A driver must not drive after being on duty for 14 hours.
▪
Graph Incomplete/In Error: A driver must account for all time on the graph. Drivers
must show a complete continuous line for each 24-hour period. Overlapping of time is
not permitted.
▪
No Driving Time for Miles Driven: There must be time shown on line 3 when driving
miles are entered.
▪
False Truck Position: Time and location on log must match supporting documents.
Violation of 60/70 Hour Rule: Drivers may not drive after being on duty for 60 hours
in any 7, or 70 hours in any 8 consecutive day period.
Falsification of a Log
Falsification of a log shows disregard for C.R. England policy and federal regulations.
This type of violation is considered serious by the company and DOT. Log falsification
occurs when the times and locations on a log do not agree with supporting documentation,
such as scale tickets, toll receipts, loading and unloading times as noted on shipping
papers, etc.
Feedback and Corrective Action
All violations will be brought to a driver's attention as soon as possible and at least twice
monthly. Notification at the first and 15th day of each month via satellite communication
will advise drivers of any “Level A Log Violation.” Each driver’s Driver Manager will
have record of the violation warning level of all drivers in their fleet. This information is
updated weekly. Drivers may contact their Log Auditor anytime to review logging
procedures or check for any new violations issued.
Driver's Log Auditor or Compliance Safety Manager will be responsible for reviewing the
violation(s) with the driver. This review will consist of an explanation of any violations
and how to prevent recurrence.
The driver can request, or the Driver Manager or Log Auditor can recommend, hours of
service and logging remedial training at any time. Drivers in need of additional hours of
service or logging training will be referred to a Compliance Safety Manager or the C.R.
England 's Safety Department for scheduling.
C.R. England has a 4-Level Disciplinary /Action program. This program is based on
violation warning levels received by drivers for repeated log violations. Violations are
broken into two categories, “Level A Log Violation” and “Form and Manner Violation”.
Level A Log Violations are used to determine the current violation warning level. These
Level A Log Violations are broken into three types:
37
Type 1: 11 Hour, 14 Hour, 70 Hour
Essentially, these rules state that further driving is prohibited once these limits are
reached. These violations occur when drivers log that they are continuing to drive
beyond these limits.
Type 2: OVER-SPEED
Average speed, as calculated on a single daily log, exceeds 60.0 mph for a company
driver, 70 mph for an independent contractor.
Type 3: FALSE LOGS
A. Mileage incorrect: Miles shown as driving on the daily log are more than
50 miles off from what the computer (Rand McNally) shows..
B. DOT roadside inspections and/or accidents are not logged at the time
they occurred.
C. Fueling time does not match computer records to within 15 minutes.
D. Fuel stop is not logged on line four to within 15 minutes.
E. Arrival times at customer pick-ups and deliveries does not match
computer records accurately to within 15 minutes.
F. Truck position (location) does not match supporting documents.
Four-Level Disciplinary Program
C.R. England disciplinary program for log violations is as follows:
Hazardous
Materials
Violation
Action/Penalty
LEVEL 1:
Driver receives FOUR or more “Level A Log
Violation” during ONE month.
Satellite messages sent to driver.
Driver MUST call the Log department
to discuss the violations and for help
avoiding future violations.
LEVEL 2:
Driver receives FOUR or more violations
“Level A Log Violation” for the 2nd month.
2-month probationary status. Driver
should call Log department and discuss
violations.
LEVEL 3:
Violation” for the 3rd month.
Probation extended. Mandatory
retraining on legal logging at SLC or
other designated CRE sites.
LEVEL 4:
Violation” for the 4th month.
Employment or lease status reviewed.
Discharge of employment or lease
termination is possible.
Plan Overview
Plan Statement and Objectives
C.R. England is committed to the safe and secure handling and transporting of hazardous
38
materials products. C.R. England is also committed to ensuring the physical safety of all
HAZMAT drivers, our customers and the general public and to reduce or prevent
hazardous materials cargo theft opportunities.
Scope
C.R. England 's written Hazardous Materials Security Plan contains information as it
relates to general security, Hazardous Materials security, Bio-terrorism security and
CTPAT requirements. The plan is divided into the following three basic areas:
▪
▪
▪
Personnel security;
Physical facilities; and
En route security.
Risk Assessment
At C.R. England, Inc., we are affected by the recent Department of Transportation’s Final
Rule under 49 CFR Part 172 (Research and Special Programs Administration HM-232) for
the following reason: C.R. England, Inc. offers for transportation, a quantity of hazardous
materials that requires placarding under the provisions of subpart F of 172.800.
C.R. England’s Security Committee has completed our HAZMAT Transportation Risk
Assessment as required. The committee, which consists of the V.P. Operations Support,
V.P. Safety, V.P. Safe Driving, Director NAD Operations, Director Dedicated Operations,
Director of Maintenance, Director Facility/Security, and the Director Cargo Claims.
C.R. England freight mix includes approximately 1%-2% hazardous materials. The class
of materials is limited to Table II type hazardous materials only. There are only a few
Table I exceptions per year which are in LTL quantities, not truckload. As primarily a
food hauler, we don’t believe C.R. England to be the kind of target that would appeal to a
terrorist group as providing opportunity towards their efforts of destruction. However, the
threat of theft and the possibility of using equipment to transport materials obtained from
another source is still real and warrants our efforts to eliminate as much risk as possible.
We will accomplish this end through compliance with our security plan, monitoring of our
efforts and the training of our employees and drivers.
At the Shipper
C.R. England drivers are expected to check each hazardous materials shipment for proper
shipping papers, labels, markings, packaging, and placards (if applicable). Even though
these items are requirements assigned to the shipper, the driver is responsible for
checking, accepting and signing for all hazardous materials shipments.
A C.R. England driver should not accept or sign for any hazardous materials shipment
unless it is in complete compliance with the HMR governing such shipments. C.R.
England drivers must call the Safety Department (1-800-897-1801, option 6, option 3,
then 1) before leaving any shipper tendering HAZMAT.
39
Shipping Papers
Proper shipping papers must accompany most hazardous materials shipments. The shipper
is responsible for providing the shipping papers, but C.R. England drivers are responsible
for making certain that shipping papers are complete, accurate, and appropriate for
shipment, before accepting or signing for any hazardous materials shipment.
Shipping papers, with some exceptions, must contain the following information:
▪
The proper shipping description of the material(s) in question, including proper
shipping name, hazard class or division, identification (ID) number (UN# or NA#),
packing group (if required), and total quantity of the shipment.
▪
▪
Emergency Response Telephone Number.
▪
All shipping papers for hazardous materials shipments handled by C.R. England must
have a signed Shipper's Certification, with the signature of an authorized shipper’s
employee.
▪
All hazardous materials included on the same shipping paper with no hazardous items
will be listed first, be in a color (usually red) which is not the color of the nonhazardous entries, or have an X or RQ (Regulated Quantity) in a column designated
HM (Hazardous Material).
▪
The bill of lading must have a signed certification that the freight is in good order for
shipping. The certification should read something like:
“This is to certify that the above named (or herein named) materials are
properly classified, described, packaged, marked, and labeled and are in
proper condition for transportation according to the applicable
regulations of the Department of Transportation.”
▪
The signature must be readable and must show at least a first initial and last name.
All pages of the shipping paper must be numbered as 1 of 3, 2 of 3, 3 of 3, etc., if
multiple pages are involved in the document.
C.R. England drivers must not accept or sign for any hazardous materials shipment if
discrepancies, inaccuracies, or incomplete entries are found on the shipping papers.
Drivers are required to call their Safety Manager or Night Operations for a review of
procedures before leaving the customer’s dock and immediately for instructions if
problems or questions concerning hazardous materials shipping papers arise.
All shipping papers will be maintained on file at C.R. England's Headquarters as
electronic imaging documents for twelve months from the date of shipment.
Labels
The shipper is responsible for determining the need for and application of all required
primary and (if necessary) subsidiary labels to packaging containing hazardous materials.
These labels provide critical information about package content, and warn of potential
hazards associated with the materials contained. Labels are to be placed on the same
surface as the proper shipping name marking, and must be placed on a surface contrasting
in color to the label. An alternative is for the label to have a dotted or solid line outer
border.
C.R. England drivers will make certain that all hazardous material labels match the hazard
class(es) or divisions entered on the shipping papers, and will only accept those packages
40
that are properly labeled.
C.R. England drivers will not accept packages if labels are missing, applied improperly,
obscure, torn, unreadable, or otherwise defective. In this kind of situation, drivers should
ask for replacement labels or call their Driver Manager or Safety Manager for instructions.
If proper labels are not provided the driver should contact their Compliance or Operational
Safety Manager if they are in doubt or have questions concerning proper marking.
Packaging
C.R. England drivers shall inspect all packages prior to loading to ensure they are in
proper condition for transportation. C.R. England drivers will accept for transportation
only those hazardous materials packages, which are in proper condition for transportation
and that fully, comply with the HMR. Drivers will refuse to accept or sign for damaged or
leaking packages.
Drivers who are not satisfied with the packaging, marking, labeling, or compliance of any
hazardous material package, should not sign for the shipment and should contact his or her
Driver Manager immediately for instructions.
Placarding
The shipper must provide the driver with any required placards for the hazardous
material(s) indicated on the shipping papers, unless the vehicle is already placarded
correctly. C.R. England drivers will refuse any shipment or load in which the correct
number and type of placards is not provided by the shipper when required. The C.R.
England drivers are to request one additional placard per hazard, if not already provided,
in the event of loss or damage in transit.
Once received, C.R. England drivers are to place placards on the vehicle: one on each
side, one on the back, and one in front. The driver will maintain the integrity of the
placards during all phases of transportation. At no time will a driver transport a hazardous
material requiring placards without proper placards being affixed to the motor vehicle.
If there are problems at the shipper, lost or damaged placards occur in transit, or questions
in general concerning placards, drivers should call their Safety Manager for guidance.
Loading/Unloading Instructions
Before doing any loading or unloading, the driver should secure the vehicle from moving.
Only after a driver is satisfied that the vehicle is safe from moving should loading or
unloading be allowed to begin.
C.R. England drivers will make certain the shipment is secured (blocked and braced) to
prevent shifting and cargo movement during transit.
Smoking on or near a vehicle while loading/unloading is forbidden. All fire sources, such
as lit matches, smoking, or carrying any flame, are not allowed in the vicinity.
After loading and before transport begins, C.R. England drivers will make certain the
shipment is secured to prevent shifting and cargo movement during transit, and is within
legal weight limits. The trailer must also have a padlock placed on the door.
Drivers will not unload or allow the unloading process to begin until the consignee or
destination representative has accepted and signed for the shipment.
41
Accidents and Incidents
C.R. England drivers must report all accidents and incidents as soon as possible. With the
added health and environmental risks associated with transporting hazardous materials,
this requirement becomes even more important.
The company has developed procedures for accidents and incidents involving hazardous
materials. The purpose of these procedures is to minimize risk to the driver's personal
safety, the health and safety of the general public, and the environment. All C.R. England
drivers, dispatch personnel, and management are expected to know and follow these
procedures.
If an accident or incident involving hazardous materials occurs, the following procedures
are to be implemented by the driver:
▪
▪
▪
Secure the scene. Keep people away from the accident and/or spill.
▪
Consult the Emergency Response Information provided with the shipment and follow
the guidelines.
▪
Notify the local police and/or fire department, and Emergency Response Authorities
immediately.
▪
Call the Emergency Response Telephone Number provided on the shipping papers for
additional guidance, if needed.
▪
Report the accident/incident to the C.R. England accident/incident line at 1-800-8971801, 6,1,1 immediately.
▪
▪
Stay with the vehicle and supervise the cleanup procedures.
Do not touch or walk into or through any spilled material.
Avoid inhalation of all gases, fumes, and smoke. (Remember that some gases are
odorless and colorless. Do not assume fumes are not present simply because no odor
or visible cloud is present.)
Complete a company accident report or Hazardous Materials Incident Report and
submit it to the Safety Department.
Emergency Response Overview
The shipper is responsible for providing emergency response information with all
hazardous materials shipments. C.R. England drivers shall verify that the shipper provides
the following hazardous materials information:
▪
A basic description and technical name of the hazardous material (found on the
shipping paper(s)).
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
Immediate hazards to health.
Risks of fire or explosion.
Immediate precautions to be taken in the event of an accident or incident.
Immediate methods of handling fires.
Initial methods for handling spills or leaks in the absence of fire.
Preliminary first aid measures.
42
C.R. England drivers shall not transport any hazardous material without proper emergency
response information. The Emergency Response Telephone Number must be properly
documented on the shipping paper(s).
C.R. England's Emergency Response Telephone Number for all hazardous materials
shipments is 1-800-897-1801 then response 6, 1, 1.
Be Prepared
Prior to leaving the shipper with a hazardous load, drivers should review the following:
24. Locate the Emergency Response Guidebook (in the tractor permit book); find the
proper guide for the specific hazardous material(s) that is being hauled.
25. Make sure you know how to contact Safety/Road Service ASAP in the event of any
kind of incident, i.e. leak, spill, fire, etc.
26. Remember this basic strategy in case of an incident:
▪
▪
▪
▪
Isolate the unit
Keep unauthorized persons away
Get away to a place of safety
Contact the company immediately
27. Cooperate fully with authorities at the incident scene.
REMEMBER, hazardous materials are heavily regulated because they are DANGEROUS.
Always use extra caution around these materials.
43
7.
Equipment Operations & Instructions
Overview
This section presents basic information on the proper operation and maintenance of C.R.
England tractors and trailers. It also describes the various maintenance services available
in the Salt Lake City yard, and outlines procedures for using these services.
Equipment
Operating
Instructions
Tractor
Instruments:
• Voltmeter – normal range is from 13.5 to 14
• Water Temperature – normal range is from 180 to 200. Action must be taken if
temperature exceeds 225. If temperature reaches 230 and cannot be controlled, the
engine must be shut down and NOT restarted.
• Oil Pressure – normal range is between 20 to 50.
• Tachometer – maximum RPM allowed is 2050.
• Speedometer – maximum speed allowed is 62 mph on company trucks (60 mph for
drivers still in training).
• Air pressure – normal range from 100 to 125.
• Fuel – monitor your fuel gauge to avoid running out.
Power Divider: Use the power divider on ice, mud, or snow but engage only when the
tractor is stationary (not moving) or when no power is being delivered to the drive train (i.e.
coasting).
Warning Lights:
• Water Temperature: Comes on at 230 degrees. MUST BE SHUT DOWN AND NOT
RESTARTED.
• Low Oil Pressure: Comes on at 6 PSI. Engine must be shut down and not restarted.
• Jake Brake: When on, the switch will illuminate.
• Mirror: Comes on when mirror heat is on.
• Power Divider: Comes on when PWR Divider is on, the light comes on when the
park brake is engaged.
Accessories:
• Cigarette Lighters: Only one accessory per lighter on at a time.
• C.B. Radios: The company provides brackets and coax leads. No other brackets,
power wires, or coax leads are authorized. This is company property – DO NOT
REMOVE.
• AM/FM/CD and/or Cassette Radios: The company provides a unit in company
trucks. No private radios may be mounted in company vehicles.
Inverters: Inverters are not allowed on CRE company tractors, unless of a low enough
wattage that they can be plugged into the tractor’s cigarette lighter. Leased tractors may
have inverters but they must be professionally installed by a certified technician.
Engine Starting Procedures
(1) Set the brake, place transmission in neutral, depress clutch, and engage starter. if
engine does not start within 30 seconds, release starter and wait 2 minutes before
44
next attempt.
(2) Idle the engine for 3 minutes or until the water temperature reaches 140.
(3) Due to improved technology and the newness of our equipment, ether should not be
needed. UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHOULD ETHER BE USED AT
TEMPERATURES ABOVE 40 DEGREES.
Engine Operation.
(1) Over speed. When descending a steep grade, use the combination of the
transmission gears, engine, jake brake and service brakes to control the vehicle and
RPM. Do not use the jake brake to slow the engine RPM when shifting gears.
Remember, over speed will damage the engine.
(2) Fuel efficiency. Our engines are most fuel efficient at 1250 to 1600 RPM.
(3) Engine shut down. A cool down time of at least three minutes is required before
turning the engine off after operating at full power. Usually you may include the
time on off ramps and side streets in the three minutes. Turning the engine off
without adequate cool down will result in engine damage.
Trailer
a.
Doors: Ensure that doors are open and secured before backing into docks.
b.
Landing Gear: Landing gear must be cranked all the way up when moving the
trailer. The handle for raising and lowering the landing gear must be properly stored
when the trailer is moving.
c.
Trailer Brakes: After releasing the trailer brakes, wait approximately one minute to
ensure that the air suspension inflates to avoid damage to the suspension.
Reefer
C.R. England has Carrier and Thermo King refrigeration units. The following instructions
will cover the majority of questions you may have on the operation of these units.
Remember that all reefer units have simple, step-by-step instructions located on the front of
the trailer. If you have any additional questions, please contact Road Service at 1-800-8971801, option 5. In all cases where reefer unit problems threaten the condition of a load,
Road Service should be contacted immediately.
a.
Thermo King Units:
(1) Inspect the general condition of the equipment by doing the following each
time before starting unit:
♦ Check fuel level to make sure that there is enough to guarantee the
operation of the reefer engine to at least the next fuel stop.
♦ Verify that the reefer unit is turned OFF before continuing the pretrip
inspection.
♦ Verify that the engine oil is at the FULL mark when the dipstick is
threaded all the way into the oil pan. Never over-fill. Remember, each
“X” on the oil dipstick is about one quart.
♦ Check battery terminals to ensure that they are tight and free from
45
corrosion.
♦ Belts must be in good condition and adjusted to the proper tension.
♦ Visually inspect the unit for leaks, loose or broken parts, and other
damage.
(2) Set the temperature.

For the Whisper Units: Push the UP and DOWN arrow keys to the
desired set-point, then push the “=” (ENTER) button. NOTE: You
must push the ENTER button within 5 seconds or the unit will return to
its original set-point.

For the SB210: Push the MENU key. Go to set point and press “+” or
“-” and SELECT.
(3) Inspect the functioning of the unit and complete diagnostic check. The
following procedure is followed each time the unit is started, or daily,
whichever is more frequent. It takes approximately 20 minutes to complete.
♦ Adjust the set-point to the desired temperature (as in step 2, above).
♦ Set the unit ON/OFF switch to the ON position. On the SB210, press the
ON button.
♦ Allow the unit to start and then run for approximately two minutes.
♦ Note and clear any alarms by pressing the CODE and CLEAR keys. See
Table 2 on pages 58 through 60 at the end of this section for a list of
Thermo King codes.
♦ Turn unit off then back on.
♦ For the Whisper Units: Press and hold down the TK key for at
least 3 seconds. The words PRE TRIP will appear on the display.
With PRE TRIP on the display, press the ENTER key. The words
LOAD will appear on the display. When the diagnostic check is
complete, PASS, CHECK, or FAIL will display on the screen.
Note that with Thermo King Whisper units the SELECT key
replaces the MANUAL DEFROST and CYCLE
SENTRY/CONTINUOUS RUN keys. Press the SELECT key,
then press the UP and DOWN keys to the desired setting
(START/STOP, YES/NO, ETC.), then press ENTER.
♦ For the SB210: Press the MENU key then the NEXT key until the
screen shows “Pre Trip”. Then press SELECT and wait for the
pretrip to complete.
Carrier Units:
(1) Inspect the general condition of the equipment by doing the following each
time before starting unit:
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
Check fuel level to make sure that there is enough to guarantee the
operation of the reefer engine to at least the next fuel stop.
Verify that the engine oil is at the FULL mark when the dipstick is
threaded all the way into the oil pan. Never over-fill.
Check battery terminals to ensure that they are tight and free from
corrosion.
Belts must be in good condition and adjusted to the proper tension.
Visually inspect the unit for leaks, loose or broken parts, and other
46
damage.
(2) Set the temperature Push the UP and DOWN arrow keys to the desired
set-point, then push ENTER. NOTE: You must push the ENTER button
within five seconds or it will return to the original set-point.
(3) Inspect the functioning of the unit and complete a diagnostic check. The
following procedure is followed each time the unit is started, or daily,
whichever is more frequent. It takes approximately 20 minutes to complete.
♦
♦
Start and run the unit.
Press the SELECT key until display shows “Press = to start pretrip,” then
press the “=” key. The unit will now run through a self-diagnostic pretrip. The codes which appear on the screen are self-explanatory. If you
have any questions concerning these codes, please contact the Reefer
shop or Road Service.
(4) Alarm, display/reset.
♦
Equipment
Maintenance
Press the ALARM key and make a note of all alarms, holding down the
key until the display shows “Press = to clear all alarms. Press = to run
pretrip.” If any of the codes reoccur, contact Road Service.
Driver Responsibility
The driver is the front line of an effective maintenance program. The equipment you
operate is the tool you use to perform your duties. You alone are best able to know how
well a unit is functioning, and identify what problems are developing. Our best drivers are
constantly on the alert for equipment functioning abnormally. You hold ultimate
responsibility for insuring the safe and efficient operating condition of your equipment.
This requires that you be able to perform basic maintenance while on the road, including
replacing headlights if necessary, fuel filters in an emergency, and adjusting automatic
brake slack adjusters, etc.
Preventative and Planned Maintenance
The objective of the England Service Centers (ESC) is to provide independent contractors
affordable, timely truck maintenance with trained technicians. England Service
Centers are conveniently located across the country in Mira Loma, CA, Salt Lake City, UT,
Denver, CO, Laredo, TX, Burns Harbor, IN, and Burlington, NJ. You can contact ESC
Service Writers in Salt Lake City, UT for advanced appointments by sending a Macro 29,
or through the Driver Service Line with extension 4570.
Equipment Modification
You have been assigned the best equipment available with which to serve our customers.
We also feel that C.R. England equipment specifications are designed provide you
maximum comfort and efficiency while on the road. Because of this, alterations to
company equipment are not allowed. This includes drilling holes, installation of additional
wiring, and removing parts or accessories. With the approval of the maintenance
department, you may attach or apply certain distinctive features such as grill covers, your
name or nickname stenciled on the door, etc., if in good taste and not distracting from the
general detailing of the truck.
47
Service Intervals
C.R. England takes a planned approach to fleet maintenance. Our intent is to maximize
equipment availability by emphasizing planned maintenance and minimizing unscheduled
and on-road repairs.
a.
b.
“B” service. This service is performed every 25,000 miles plus an oil
change and servicing filters.
The service sticker, located on the left wing window, serves as an alert to
all C.R. England personnel when services are due. Your respect for this
service system will result in better equipment reliability.
Inspections
Drivers are required, by federal regulation and company policy, to perform a vehicle
inspection at the beginning of each trip, and once each day during the trip. You are also
must submit a Post Trip Inspection Report upon entering any C.R. England maintenance
facility.
INSPECTION PROCEDURES:
(1)
First, complete a reefer inspection as instructed in Reefer Inspection section.
Also, daily, during the trip, a simple diagnostic of the reefer is required as instructed.
(2)
Next, stand back and look for leaks anywhere under the vehicle. Glance under
the truck for oil, water, grease, or any fresh leaks that have accumulated. Any leaks
should prompt you to investigate further.
(3)
Raise the hood and check the following:
h Engine oil levels and the power steering reservoir.
h Coolant should be maintained at the proper levels.
h Belts and hoses: check for cracks and proper tension on the belts, look for loose
clamps on all hoses and general wear on both belts and hoses.
h Wires: check for cracked wires, loose connections, and general appearance of
both.
h Check for slack in the steering linkage.
h Check brake automatic slack adjusters.
(4)
Unlock door, enter cab.
h Make sure the truck is out of gear. Start the engine.
h Check all instruments, oil pressure, warning devices, voltmeter, and air pressure.
Make sure warning devices are working by draining air pressure to less than 60
PSI. The warning devices should now be activated. Build the air pressure back
to above 100 PSI. Verify that the permit book is available. Check that all
auxiliary equipment (i.e., heater, air conditioning, interior lights, wipers,
mirrors, glass, etc.) is working properly. Turn on all lights and the four-way
signals.
(5)
Exit the truck, leaving the engine running.
h Glance at the engine for fluid leaks
48
h Lower and secure the hood.
h Look at the tires for irregular wear and pressure. Steer tires are set at 100 lbs.
cold (tires must have sat stationary for at least three hours). Drive and trailer
tires are set at 100 lbs. cold. Check hub for fluid and leaks. Twist lugs and look
for corrosion radiating out from the lugs.
(6)
Front of Tractor
h Check headlights, both high and low beam, and reflectors on the front of the
tractor. Look up at marker and clearance lights, and examine the general
condition of the wind deflector. Inspect the cab, and look for a loose grill or
bumper. When you return to the truck to turn off the headlights, shut off the
engine.
h Examine tires for cuts, bumps, and wear.
(7)
Right side – Examine:
h Tire wear and pressure
h Lugs and hubs for leaks
h Step and other attachments for tightness
h Turn signal
h Fuel tank level, secure cap
h Drain air tank
h Driving axles, tire, wheels, hubs, and lugs
h Suspension (i.e., springs, mountings, and shock absorbers)
h Cross members for cracks and mounting
h Brake linings: examine the opposite side brake linings while under the truck.
h
h
(8)
If uncoupled:
-
Check the fifth wheel for grease.
-
Check the mounting plate for cracks.
If coupled:
-
Check the mounting plate for cracks.
-
Check the fifth wheel to verify that the jaws
are closed around the shank of the king pin.
-
Examine trailer landing gear. Look for cracks
and check for tightness of all bolts. Are the
gears up or down?
Right side of Trailer
h Look along the side for damage.
h Inspect suspension and sliding tandem. For sliding tandems, are the tandem
49
locks in place and is the stop bar on and secured.
h Walk down the length of the trailer. Look under the cross supports.
h Check for Utah state or Federal inspection sticker on right front corner.
(9)
Right side Trailer, Suspension
h Look at the tires, wheels, hubs, and lugs.
h Examine brake linings for wear.
(10)
Rear of Trailer
h Check stop, turn, and tail lights, three light bar, and reflectors.
h Inspect license plate.
h Examine DOT bumper. This is to prevent automobiles from going under the
trailer on impact.
h Look at the doors. Are they secured, sealed, and locked if needed? Check load.
(11)
Left Side of Trailer
h Follow procedure as outlined in paragraph (7), on page 45.
h Check reefer fuel tank for proper mounting and secure fuel.
(12)
Left Side of Trailer, Front
h Look for trailer permits.
h Look at glad hand and pigtail connections to the trailer.
(13)
Left Side of Tractor
h Examine drive axles as outlined in section (6) (Right side).
h Secure fuel cap.
h Drain the air tank.
h Check for emergency equipment: three triangle reflectors and fire extinguisher.
(14)
Enter Cab
h Do final brake system check.
(15)
Repairs on the
Road
Follow-Through – As you were walking around, if you noticed any defects, they
should be checked and corrected before proceeding. Are all splash guards and
mud flaps intact? Once you have determined that the vehicle is safe, done a proper
warm-up and have completed all of the day’s paperwork, do a rolling tug and
proceed.
Emergency Road Service. Repairs and services which are performed at locations other
than a C.R. England shop are most costly. A professional driver is always aware of this
fact and constantly strives to reduce the possibility of on-road failures. We realize that on
occasion the need to utilize a non-C.R. England shop cannot be avoided. When this does
become necessary, it is imperative that you follow the correct procedure to insure that you
are returned quickly to the road, and that a quality, low cost repair is affected. In order to
50
accomplish this, the Maintenance Department has a well-qualified road service agent on
duty seven days a week to assist you. See page 53 for more information on Emergency
Road Service.
Dealing with maintenance problems. Maintenance problems can generally be divided
into three categories:
•
Minor: those which can be corrected by an expenditure of $25.00 or less.
•
Large: Those which will cost more than $25.00.
•
Accident: Those which require the Safety Department receive a report as
discussed in the section on Safety.
(1) Minor repairs: You will need to be prepared to pay for minor repairs from
your trip advance money. An itemized receipt, with the name, address, and
phone number of the business providing the services or materials is required
before you will be reimbursed. These receipts should be noted on the Driver
Expense Record and turned in with your trip envelope. You should be aware
that the Driver Payroll Department will only reimburse one $25 disbursement
per trip without a Repair Order number issued by Road Service.
(2) Large repairs: These types of problems should be handled as follows:
(a) Contact Road Service by completing and sending satellite macro #21. If
necessary, you may reach Road Service by telephone at 1-800-897-1801,
option 5, then option 1.
(b) Road Service will contact you as quickly as possible via return satellite
message to your truck with appropriate instructions. Make sure you
follow these instructions VERY CAREFULLY. You will be assisted in
locating the best place to get the repair made and make sure that you and
the shop working on the vehicle are issued all of the proper
authorizations. Road Service instructions must be received before you
leave the repair shop. Road Service will also arrange for payment of the
bill, including the issuance of Comdata Check, if necessary.
(3) Accidents. In the event of an accident, you should first contact the Safety
Department. The Safety Department will coordinate the efforts of all other
departments. If assistance from the Safety Department is not available, call or
send a satellite message to Road Service, as explained above. Please see page 26
for accident scene procedures.
(4) There are certain Errors that a driver can make which will make it more difficult
to handle an on-road repair. Some of the most common ones are:
(a) Telling a repair shop to fix the truck, trailer, or reefer without first
contacting Road Service. This must be done in spite of time
pressures that you may be experiencing.
(b) Having a repair made without obtaining a Repair Order (RO) from
Road Service, and making sure that the RO number is on the invoice.
This usually results in the driver having the repair amount withheld
from the trip settlement until the driver comes to the shop and
verifies that the work performed was necessary and the charges to the
company are proper.
51
(c) Having a repair made at night and telling the repair shop doing the
work to call Salt Lake in the morning to get a PO or Fast Check.
(5) Independent contractors that follow this advice will benefit financially,
and company drivers are expected to follow these procedures.
Remember, every dollar we spend unnecessarily is a dollar that is not
available to improve our paychecks or working environment. If you feel
that the company has not been treated fairly, do not hesitate to call or
visit your driver manager or a maintenance manager to inform them of
the problem.
Operations on
the Road
Coupling
Hooking up a tractor to a trailer seems like a relatively simple procedure. It is, but if done
incorrectly, or carelessly, the result can be devastating. One can imagine the effects of a
trailer letting loose during rush hour traffic, especially at high speeds. A standard
procedure for coupling and uncoupling units is given here. The steps are simple and
sensible, so follow them faithfully.
a.
Tractor/Trailer Hookup
(1) Make sure that the fifth wheel is well lubricated with a clean light
chassis lube, that the jaw locks are open, and the fifth wheel is tilted
rearward in the correct position.
(2) Align and back the tractor toward the trailer. The outside edge of the
tractor drive axle wheels should line up with the outside edge of the
trailer. Back up until the fifth wheel is almost touching the front of the
trailer.
(3) Check the trailer height.
(4) Connect the air hoses and electrical lines.
(5) Supply air to the trailer and apply the trailer brakes.
(6) Back up slowly as the fifth wheel raises the trailer slightly and the
kingpin locks into the fifth wheel (total of about 3 feet).
(7) To test the hookup, pull forward in a low gear with the trailer brakes
set. The tractor should not move forward.
(8) Visually inspect the hookup.
(a)
King pin latch handle must be in the latched position.
(b)
King pin plate and fifth wheel face must be flush (no gap).
(c)
Fifth wheel jaws are around the king pin
(9) Crank the landing gear all the way up. Do not fall into the habit of
cranking them only part way up. A lot of landing legs have been torn
off because of this carelessness.
(10) After the coupling is completed, once again pull forward in low gear
with trailer brakes set to insure that a proper connection has been made.
52
b.
Unhooking the Trailer from the Tractor
(1) Crank the landing gear down until it touches the pavement. If the
trailer is loaded, raise the trailer about 1 inch. You can tell if the legs
are not down far enough when you try to pull the tractor out. If the
tractor does not pull out smoothly and easily, you should probably
crank the trailer up more. If it is empty, lower the landing gear another
crank or two to make sure some of the trailer weight transfers off the
fifth wheel and allows for a smoother disconnection.
(2) Unlatch the fifth wheel kingpin and lock.
(3) Disconnect the electrical cord and air lines from the trailer.
(4) Slowly drive away from the trailer.
Driving
Techniques
Speed and Stopping Distances: Vehicles of our size obviously require much greater
stopping distance. Because of that, any situation that requires extra caution requires you to
slow down much more than the driver of a passenger car.
Following Distances: Following distances must be increased to maintain an appropriate
margin of safety. The “9 second rule” is a great way to make sure you are maintaining a
safe following distance. This means that if the vehicle ahead of you passes a stationary
object, it takes you 9 seconds to pass that same object. This following distance is critical
because it allows you to slow or stop your tractor trailer if the vehicle ahead brakes
suddenly or has an emergency. When a vehicle changes lanes in front of you and reduces
your following distance, make sure you back off and build it back up to 9 seconds.
Mirrors: The safe driver will be constantly aware of situations around him by checking
his mirrors every 5 to 8 seconds. A successful driver will by habit constantly check his
mirrors the same as he does his gauges. NOTE: when backing or maneuvering, don't
hesitate to get out and “look for yourself” when the mirrors don’t cover the necessary field
of vision or depth perception.
Shifting: Although shifting is an important part of the driving technique, too often drivers
(especially new drivers) put more emphasis on making the shift than operating the vehicle
safely. Never sacrifice the safety of the vehicle for the sake of a good shift. Smoothness
and soft touch will enable the driver to become a superior shifter.
Backing: Backing can only be learned through experience. The smart backer will always
follow a few rules that make backing safer and easier.
(1) Circle the vehicle and the area on foot before backing.
(2) Whenever possible, back from the left side to prevent blind side backing
accidents.
(3) A very cautious speed is always best when backing.
(4) Open trailer doors at the closest possible point to the dock. It will prevent door
damage and freight falling from the trailer.
(5) If you are not sure how close you are to something, get out and look.
(6) Having someone watch is helpful, as long as they understand backing.
Braking: As with everything to do with vehicles of this size, braking must be done with
greater distances in mind. Preparation for stopping at lights and stop signs must begin
53
sooner. The following hints will lead to safer braking operations.
(1) Off Hills: Come off the top of a hill at a slower speed and maintain that slower
speed until the bottom is in a reasonable range, especially if the hill is unfamiliar
to you. We prefer that you use the snub breaking technique found in your state
CDL manual. Snub braking is when you apply the brakes just hard enough to
feel a definite slowdown.
According to the CDL manual, if your “safe” speed is 40 mph, you wouldn’t
apply the brakes until your speed reached 40 mph. You would then apply the
brakes hard enough to gradually reduce your speed to 35 mph and then release
the brakes. You can repeat this as often as you need to until you’ve reached the
end of the downgrade. The driver should never use only the trailer brakes to
slow the vehicle down.
(2) Parking: Remember that whenever you park the vehicle both tractor and trailer
brakes must be applied; otherwise the vehicle could roll away.
(3) Engine Brakes: Engine brakes (jake brakes) are installed to assist conventional
brakes in slowing the vehicle. This brake is most useful in helping to maintain
slower speed on downhill grades. You must understand that this braking device
only operates through the drive axles and therefore should never be used in
slippery conditions. Jackknife accidents can be caused by the use of the engine
brake in a slippery situation. Engine brakes should not be used for slowing the
engine for speed shifting. When the engine brake is not in use, it should be shut
off.
Finesse: The inexperienced driver may think driving a truck requires a lot of strength and a
heavy hand to operate. Nothing could be further from the truth. The “smooth driver”
understands that being easy on the controls is required to handle the vehicle smoothly.
When shifts are made, drivers must “finesse” the shift into place. The clutch is used easily
and smoothly so the engagement is hardly felt. The brakes are depressed gently and
smoothly, always maintaining a very comfortable cushion of space between vehicles. The
“smooth driver” takes pride in how gently he or she can treat the equipment. Extended
equipment life is proof of the driver’s mastery of this skill.
Fuel Mileage: Fuel mileage is an indication of a driver’s ability to handle a vehicle
smoothly and easily. The driver that is easy on equipment is usually a very efficient fuel
user. There are three areas of fuel management each driver should understand:
(1) Speed: Speed more than anything else has the greatest affect on fuel mileage. It
is a generally accepted rule that for every mile per hour reduced in speed, one
tenth of a gallon in fuel is saved. With today’s fuel prices, it’s wise to travel a
little slower.
(2) Idle: Allowing a tractor to idle beyond the three minute “cool down” period is
totally unnecessary and wasteful of fuel, money, and the environment. A tractor
will use between 1/2 and 1 gallon of fuel per hour during idle.
(3) Progressive Shifting: In lower gears during acceleration, it is unnecessary to
bring engine RPM up to governed speed before shifting. Bringing the RPM up
to the governor in lower gears wastes fuel and serves no purpose. The higher
torque engines we use require less RPM to pull the load. The engine may be
worked harder at lower RPM for longer periods of time than older engines.
Utilizing the engine this way is also more fuel efficient.
Mileage Production Management: To be successful, you must be able to budget mileage
54
production to insure proper rest and on-time delivery. Before each trip, you should
determine where you need to be at specific times, allowing for adequate sleep time, to
arrive at the destination on-time and well rested. Too often the unproductive driver does
not budget time and mileage properly. They leave too much mileage for the last day and
then have to risk driving illegally and unsafely to arrive on-time. More often than not, they
still arrive late because any unforeseen delay prevents an on-time delivery.
Fuel and Severe Cold Weather Operation: Severe cold is defined as a sustained period
of temperatures at 10+ degrees or below. (This refers to the actual temperature. Wind chill
does not affect fuel temperature.) Straight #2 Diesel fuel begins to have problems flowing
at this and lower temperatures. When diesel won’t flow, the tractor and reefer won’t run.
This section discusses the steps necessary to prevent freeze-ups from occurring. It is
important to understand that some of these directions are contrary to normal operating
procedure. Therefore remember these instructions only apply when operating in severe
cold conditions.
(1) Keep Moving: Stopping during severe cold conditions is the biggest cause of
freeze ups. Fuel flows slower at idle and obviously not at all when the engine is
shut off, therefore, this situation is more conducive to freeze-ups. Plan your
schedules to keep running during the coldest times of day and in the coldest
areas. However, don’t let this overrule the need to operate safely and legally.
(2) Stopping at Truck Stops: Under normal conditions we recommend rest areas
as a safer place to sleep than at truck stops. However, during severe cold
conditions, truck stops offer the safety of a warm shelter and quicker service and
repair response if needed. C.R. England yards offer a lot of advantages over
public truckstops and rest areas. We offer a more secure environment with
convenient shower and laundry facilities, inexpensive fuel, and full service
shops.
(3) Idling: Under normal conditions we insist drivers of company tractors shut off
their trucks when stopped. Under severe cold conditions however (+20 degrees
or below), the tractor should not be shut off. If extended idling is absolutely
necessary, the idle speed should be set up to 900-950 RPM. In tests we’ve
conducted, high idle (900-950 RPM) has raised in-tank fuel temperatures nearly
four times over standard idle (500-600 RPM). High idle also prevents engine
damage that occurs during extended low idle. After extended idle, raising RPM
to 900-950 for 5-10 minutes before driving the truck will raise the temperature
of the fuel in the tank. (Note: Do not idle the truck at above 900-950 RPM for
extended periods. Extended idle in extreme cold should be between 900-950.)
(4) Fuel Filter and Wrench: Always, even under normal conditions, check to
insure an extra fuel filter is in the tractor under the sleeper compartment. All
drivers should have a filter wrench and be familiar with how to change the fuel
filter. The fuel filter tends to be the first place fuel freezes.
(5) Additives and Fuel Blends: Under normal conditions we do not use fuel
additives or fuel blends. Below is an explanation of these subjects and when
they can be used.
(a) Additives. Very few additives offer any real benefit. They tend to be
more hype than truly effective. Therefore, even in severe cold conditions
we don’t use additives.
NOTE: Adding gasoline to diesel fuel is not recommended. It can create a
dangerous fire situation and mixtures of more than 25% can cause severe engine
damage.
(b) Fuel Blends: Fuel blending is not permitted as it damages the
tractor.
(6) Road Service: In the event a tractor problem does occur, call Emergency Road
55
Service at 1-800-897-1801, option 5, and then option 1 for assistance.
SLC Yard
Services &
Procedures
Fuel Island
Hours of Operation: The Salt Lake City, UT, Mira Loma, CA, and Burns Harbor, IN yard
fuel islands are open seven days a week, 24 hours a day.
Salt Lake City Check-In Procedures:
h
All inbound trucks must come through the fuel island.
h
All trucks and reefer units must take fuel at the fuel island.
h
Bills of lading must be left at the fuel island whether or not you are taking
the load on to another destination. You must make a copy of each bill for
your trip report, and put all originals in the envelope provided. The
correct trip and trailer number must be noted clearly on the outside of the
envelope.
h
Needed permits are installed by fuel island personnel as the truck and
trailer are being worked on.
Fuel: Drivers must fuel their own tractor and reefer. You must enter your fuel card
number and trip number to start the pump. Be sure to watch fuel nozzles until fueling is
complete, and then place the nozzle carefully back in the pump.
Driver Write-Ups: Equipment repair forms can be found in Building A at the Shop
Coordinator’s office. Please have forms completed before you enter the yard and leave
them in the Shop Coordinator’s office.
Parking Your Tractor and Trailer in the Yard: All tractors and trailers must park in the
designated parking areas. All tractors must be unhooked from the trailer when in the
yard. Tractors are parked to the north of the fuel island, and loaded trailers are parked
north of the wash bay. Unloaded trailers needing a washout are parked immediately south
of the wash bay, and all other empty trailers are parked further to the south of the wash bay.
Salt Lake City Check-Out Procedure:
Image
Department
h
You must pick up your bills of lading at the fuel island at least 15 minutes
before hooking to your trailer and departing the yard. This will permit you to
complete a proper pre-trip of your equipment.
h
Be sure you take care of all necessary business in the yard or office before
proceeding to the check out gate.
h
At the check out gate, the guard will note your tractor and trailer numbers, seal
number, the number of pallets if loaded, and the actual trailer temperature. The
guard will also ask to see your fuel card and bills of lading.
h
No company tractor bobtails will be allowed to leave the yard without the
authorization of your driver manager.
The goal of the Image Department is to provide you, the customer, with a clean tractor and
trailer (depending on its condition), in a timely and courteous manner.
56
Hours of Operation: The Wash Bay is open from 7:00 a.m. to 11:30 p.m., as long as the
temperature is above 20 degrees.
Policies for Wash Bay Use:
h You must proceed through the wash bay at a crawl (i.e. -- idle speed in first
gear).
h Do not stop in the bay. This results in the pumps burning up due to lack of
water supply.
h The washout pad is for empty trailers only.
h For company tractors, C.R. England is responsible for the cleanliness of the
exterior of the tractor but company drivers are responsible for the interior.
Detailing Interiors: When tractors are turned in for trade or reassignment, the Image
Department will detail the interior of the tractor. Because the driver is responsible for the
condition of the interior, he/she may be charged for the detailing service. This is also true
for both the interior and the exterior when driver abuse is evident.
Emergency
Road Service
The Emergency Road Service Department has personnel on duty 24 hours a day, seven
days a week. Think of Road Service as the emergency “911” number to be contacted for
all mechanical problems. Here are some of the things you need to know about working
with Emergency Road Service:
Equipment Breakdowns: Road Service authorizes and coordinates the repair of any
equipment breakdown that threatens on-time loading or delivery, or that prevents the
vehicle from being operated in a safe manner (as determined by Road Service or the Safety
Department). Road Service also handles fuel related issues after 5 p.m. on weekdays and
all day on weekends and holidays. Always remember that Road Service authorization is
required prior to any repairs being performed on C.R. England equipment. Failure to
comply with this requirement may result in the driver paying for the repair.
Accident Coordination: In the event of an accident, your first call should be to highway
patrol or the police. In the even that your equipment is no longer drivable, call Road
Service at 1-800-897-1801, option 5, then 1. We will see to your immediate needs and
coordinate the retrieval of damaged equipment on the road.
Contacting Emergency Road Service: The fastest way to contact Emergency Road
Service is by using satellite Macro #21. We will always expedite responses to Macro #21
messages. The Road Service telephone number is 1-800-897-1801, option 5, then option
1. Because of heavy telephone traffic, however, it is sometimes necessary to wait for long
periods to reach a road service agent. Our advice is to use Macro #21.
The importance of Pre-Trip Inspection: Many problems can occur with your equipment,
but the overwhelming majority can be eliminated by consistently completing the DOTrequired pre-trip vehicle inspection. Get out of the truck to do it (“Pencil-whipping” never
does the job). Follow the instructions given in this manual starting on page 44. By way of
summary, the critical things you must do are:
•
Check coolant and oil for proper levels.
•
Check for leaks. Oil on the truck, trailer, or under the reefer should not be there.
•
Carry a spare fuel filter, wrench, extra coolant and oil. Be sure you know where
57
the fuel filter is located and how to change it.
•
Be familiar with clearing reefer codes and checking fluid levels.
•
Check your tires for proper pressure.
If you will follow these suggestions your contact with Emergency Road Service will be
limited. Your time will be spent making miles rather than sitting in repair shops. A point
to ponder: Eighty percent of our contacts are from ten percent of our drivers.
Things we will not handle:
(1) Elective Repairs: Any repair deemed to be elective in nature will not be done on
the road. Emergency Road Service will work to route this equipment through an
England maintenance facility.
(2) Air Conditioning Repairs: No air conditioning repairs will be done on the road
between 15 October and 15 March. The only exception to this is in areas of
extreme climatic conditions, and requires the driver manager’s approval.
Repair Tools You’ll Need. To handle minor problems on the road, we advise you to
obtain and carry the following tools with you:
Shop
Coordinator
h
Fuel filter wrench
h
Pliers
h
Test light
h
Crescent wrench (#10 mm or small 6mm)
h
Screw drivers: straight (6 or 8 inch), Phillips (# 2 or 3), and torque
h
Flashlight
h
Tire gauge
h
Diagonal cutters and a wire stripper and crimping tool
h
Ballpeen hammer or small sledge hammer
The Shop Coordinator programs and schedules the work to be completed on your vehicle.
The coordinator acts as a source of scheduling information, but remember that he/she does
not manage the actual repair work to be done.
Equipment Write-Ups: You specify needed repair work on an equipment write-up form.
These forms are available at the Coordinator’s desk in the maintenance office. After filling
out the form, you should return it as to the Shop Coordinator for processing. Here are
some guidelines for completing the form:
h Include your truck number, mileage, date and fleet number.
h Items that are not OK should be checked as such, with a brief description of
the problem placed in the comment area.
h Any problem not specifically listed in the top portion of the write-up area
should be added in the comment area. Remember that mechanics will only
repair items indicated on the repair order.
58
h Any tire problem should be indicated in the tire area in the appropriate box.
h Please take care to make your writing as legible as possible.
h The Shop Coordinator will assist you with problems that you are not sure
how to write up
Priority Times: Company equipment is repaired according to priorities set by the
computer. These are established according to the urgency of the load to which you are
assigned, as determined by your driver manager. Each piece of equipment will be worked
on in order of its priority time. To maintain fairness, there can be no exceptions.
Tractor Shop
The tractor shop is responsible for completing specified repairs to your tractor in a timely
and professional way.
Write-Ups: All needed repairs must be written up as described in the Shop Coordinator
section. Be sure to turn the write-up form in as soon as possible after you arrive in the
yard, and include explanations of the problems that need attention. Keep a running list of
big and little equipment problems that you have while you are on the road. This makes it
easy to fill out the write-up form when you come in the yard.
Personal Belongings: Because the company can take no responsibility for personal items
left in your truck while it is being repaired, it is always a good idea to remove high value
items when the truck is in the shop.
Tractor Shop Policies:
h To expedite repairs on your vehicle and because of insurance requirements,
we ask that drivers not enter the shop area.
h If you have concerns about the quality of the work being done, please
contact the Tractor Shop manager.
h Shop personnel will use floor mats and seat covers to help keep your
equipment clean while in the shop.
h Due to time and staff constraints, it may not be possible to have all
requested installations completed at once.
h No holes are allowed to be drilled into any truck.
Shop Completion Time. The Tractor Shop is graded by management on what is called
completion time. This is the average time from when a truck is checked into the yard until
all work is completed. For this reason, rest assured that work on your vehicle will be
expedited whenever possible. Sometimes delays occur for various reasons, but it is always
our intent to get you back on the road quickly, while providing the highest quality service.
Tire Shop
Tire Replacement Policies: On company tractors, drive tires should be changed when
tread depth reaches 4/32 to 6/32 of an inch. Steer tires should be changed at 4/32. Extreme
irregular wear should be written up and brought to the attention of the Tire Shop. Because
tire replacement on the road will only occur in emergency situations and when approved by
Road Service, all other tire work must be taken care of at one of the C.R. England yards.
Air Pressure: Drive tires and trailer tires are aired at 100 lbs. cold and steers are at 100
lbs. cold. Remember that too much or not enough air will destroy the tire casing
prematurely. Too much air will wear the center of the tread, not enough will cause the
tread to chop. To avoid tire problems, make sure you visually inspect all tires before
59
leaving the yard, and at each time you stop. In addition to improper air pressure, rubbing
the side wall on the curb will eventually destroy your tires.
Spare Tire: Make sure you have a spare tire when you leave the yard. If you have a tire
changed on the road, you must bring back the old casing to the yard or to a C.R. England
tire bank (as instructed by Emergency Road Service). Remember that you must keep a
receipt for the casing to make sure you aren’t charged for the cost of the tire.
Chain Policy.
(1) On company tractors, you are issued one set of double chains and two sets
of singles. These chains are issued to the truck and must remain with it. If
the chains are removed from the truck, you must obtain a receipt. You will
be charged for missing chains. Bungee cords are your responsibility to
purchase and maintain.
(2) Only damaged chains will be replaced with a new set. If you must purchase
chains on the road, always contact Emergency Road Service first for proper
authorization.
Alignments: All trucks are to be aligned once a year, beginning after the first year of
service. When steer tires are showing premature bad wear, contact Emergency Road
Service and arrange to have the truck realigned ahead of schedule. Keep in mind that all
alignments must be scheduled through the Shop Coordinator or Road Service. A sticker
showing the most recent date of alignment is placed on the left wing window.
Parts
Department
By showing your fuel card at the Parts Department, you may receive certain parts for
emergency repairs and other needs on the road:
h One mattress only with an exchange
h One wiper blade refill (5313)
h Four glad-hand seals (10028)
h Triangle kits only with an exchange (8005)
h Fire extinguisher only with an exchange
h One fuel filter
Trailer Shop
General Policies: When returning to the Salt Lake City yard, enter all trailer problems on
the write-up form as soon as possible. As explained in the Tractor Shop, please refrain
from entering the Trailer Maintenance Shop area. If you have any concerns about the
quality of your trailer service, please discuss them with the Trailer Shop manager.
Before Leaving the Yard: Check the permit box on the front of the trailer for the service
sticker. The B service is due every 90 days. After completing a pre-trip inspection, any
problems with the trailer should be reports to the Shop Coordinator located at the north end
of the maintenance complex.
Reefer Shop
General policies. Upon returning to the Salt Lake City yard, complete all reefer write-ups
as soon as possible. Drop the trailer as soon as you arrive, even if you do not have any
write-ups. The reefer may be due for periodic service. Remember that the Reefer Shop
cannot work on the reefer unit if your tractor is still connected to the trailer.
60
Avoiding reefer problems on the road. The reefer inspection procedures starting on page
41 are very important. Please make sure you always follow them to save yourself time and
avoid problems that result from reefer failures.
61
TABLE 2 - Thermo King Codes
ALARM CODE
OK
CHECK
TAKE
NUMBERS
TO
AS
IMMEDIATE
&
RUN
SPECIFIED
ACTION
DESCRIPTIONS
Green (G)
Yellow (Y)
Red (R)
CODE
DESCRIPTION
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
No Fault
Microprocessor Power Up Reset
Evaporator Coil Sensor
Return Air Sensor
Discharge Air Sensor
Ambient Air Sensor
Engine Water Temperature
Engine RPM Sensor
Remote Return Air Sensor
il Evaporator Temperature
High
High Discharge Pressure
Unit controlling on Discharge
i
Sensor
Shutdown
Check Sensor Calibration
Defrost Terminated by Time
Glow Plug Check
Manual Start Not Complete
Engine Failed to Crank
High Engine Water Temperature
Low Engine Oil Pressure
Engine Failed to Start (Cycle
) Cycle Check
Cooling
Heating Cycle Check
Cooling Cycle Fault
Heating Cycle Fault
Alternator Check
Check Refrigeration Capacity
Unassigned
Pretrip Abort
Damper Circuit
Damper Stuck Closed
Oil Pressure Switch
Refrigeration Capacity Low
Check Engine RPM
Check Modulation Circuit
Run Relay Circuit
Electric Motor Failed to Run
Check Engine Water Level
Electric Phase Reversed
Water Valve
High Speed Circuit
Engine Water Temp Check
Unit Forced to Low Speed
Unit Forced to Low Speed Mod
Fuel System Check
Hot Gas Circuit
C
O
L
O
R
CORRECTIVE ACTION TO BE TAKEN
None Required
Well not affect unit operation, data log only - clear alarm
Unit controls on discharge air sensor, monitor box temp, repair after delivery
Unit controls on discharge air sensor, monitor box temp, repair after delivery
Unit controls on return air sensor, monitor box temp, repair after delivery
Unit operating with reduced features, repair after delivery
Remote zone controls on coil sensor, monitor box temp, repair after delivery
Unit shut down to prevent damage, repair immediately
Unit shut down to prevent damage, clear and retry, if reoccurs repair immediately
Secondary alarm related to code 3, monitor box temp, repair after delivery
Monitor box temp at vent door, repair after delivery
Clear alarm, if it reoccurs repair after delivery
Use Continuous Run mode, repair after delivery
Engine was not manually started, clear alarm and start engine
Clear alarm, perform manual start in Continuous mode, repair as required
Check belts and coolant level, correct as required
Check engine oil level. add oil as needed, clear alarm, repair as required
Check fuel level, perform manual start in Continuous mode, repair as required
Press “Amps” key to check alternator charging rate, repair as required
G
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
R
R
Y
R
Y
G
G
G
R
R
R
R
Y
Y
R
R
R
Y
Pretrip was terminated, check for other alarms, clear alarms and repeat Pretrip
Unit may not defrost, Monitor box temp at vent door, repair as required
Damper is stuck closed, repair immediately
Repair if unloaded, monitor box temp at vent door & repair as required if loaded
Check and note RPM, repair as required
Check modulation circuit breaker or fuse, monitor box temp, repair as required
Check Emergency Switch position if present, repair as required
Check standby source of power, correct immediately
Check coolant level, add as needed
Standby power phased wrong, correct immediately
Unit operating with reduced features, repair as required
Check high speed operation, monitor box temp. repair as required
Check belts and antifreeze level, correct as required
Temporary overheat condition, if condition persists repair as required
Temporary overheat condition, if condition persists repair as required
Check fuel level in unit fuel tank, add as required, clear code and restart as required
Unit operating with reduced modulation control, repair as required
Y
Y
R
R
R
Y
Y
R
R
Y
R
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
R
Y
62
ALARM CODE
CODE
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86-104
105
106
107
108
TABLE 2 (Continued)
OK
CHECK
TAKE
NUMBERS
TO
AS
IMMEDIATE
&
RUN
SPECIFIED
ACTION
DESCRIPTIONS
Green (G)
Yellow (Y)
Red (R)
C
O
L
O
R
DESCRIPTION
CORRECTIVE ACTION TO BE TAKEN
Air Flow Check
Remote Sensor Shutdown
Check Belts or Clutch
RF Tag Communications Error
Reset Clock
Shutdown Circuit
Heat Circuit
Economizer Valve Circuit
Test Mode Time-out
Check Engine Speed
Evap Fan Low Speed
Evap Fan High Speed
Cond Fan Low Speed
Cond Fan High Speed
Boost Circuit
Low Battery Volts
Ammeter Out of Cal Range
Engine Stop - Reason Unknown
Pretrip Reminder
Water in Fuel
Low Engine Oil Level
Liquid Line Solenoid
Internal Fault Code
Remagnetization Circuit
Hourmeters Exceed 99999
Hourmeter 4 Exceeds Set Limit
uP Reverted to Default Settings
uP RAM
uP EPROM
uP EPROM Checksum
Data Log EPROM
Data Log Overflow
Compressor Temp Sensor
High Compressor Temp
High
Compressor
Temp
h dCoolant Temp
Low
Unassigned
Forced Unit Operation
Unassigned
Receiver
Tank
Pressure
Solenoid
Purge Valve
Condenser Inlet Solenoid
Door Open Time-out
If alarm occurs trailer cargo may be restricting air flow, check load
Multi-temp zone sensor failed,
Drive clutch or belts slipping, repair as required
Data Tag disconnected or inoperative, affects data tag only, repair as required
Only affects Data Logger, set date and time to clear alarm
Secondary protection circuit failed, repair after delivery
May have no heat, verify product and air temperature at vent door, repair as required
Unit operating with reduced heat performance, monitor box temp, repair as required
Diagnostic mode timed out, clear alarm and continue
Engine speed out of spec, check RPM, monitor load temp, repair as required
Unit operating with no low speed evap fan, repair as required
Unit operating with no high speed evap fan, repair as required
Unit operating with no low speed cond fan, repair as required
Unit operating with no high speed cond fan, repair as required
Unit operating without boost capacitors, repair as required
Check charge rate and battery voltage, repair as required
Ammeter inaccurate, repair as required
Check fuel level, try manual start, repair as required
Does not affect unit operation, perform Pretrip to clear alarm
Drain water from fuel, clear alarm and retry
Check engine oil level, add as needed
Clear and retry, monitor load temp and repair as required
If check alarm, clear and retry. If alarm re-occurs or is a shutdown repair as required
Will not affect unit operation, repair after delivery
Maintenance alarm dependent on customer selection, will not affect operation
Unit has reset, control temp. may be inaccurate, repair before loading
Controller may be defective, repair before loading
Data Logger missed logging one event, no action required, clear alarm
Compressor protection reduced, repair after unloading
Compressor operating above temp limits, repair after unloading
Compressor shut down to prevent damage, repair as required
Reduced heating capacity, monitor box temp, and engine temp, repair as required
Y
R
R
G
G
Y
Y
Y
G
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
R
Y
R
R
G
Y
R
Y
Y
Y
G
G
G
G
R
R
R
R
R
G
Y
Y
R
Y
Temporary abnormal control condition, resulting from other code
Y
Y
Door open more than 1 hour, close door and clear alarm
Y
Y
Y
63
109
High Discharge Pressure or
Sensor
High disch press or defective disch press sensor, high speed operation prevented
Y
110
111
112
113
114
Suction Line Solenoid
Unit Not Configured Correctly
Remote Fan Zone 2-3
Electric Heat
Multiple Alarms, Can Not Run
Unit operating with reduced performance, monitor box temp, repair as required
Controller not set properly for unit type, repair as required before loading
Remote fan failure in indicated zone, repair as required before loading
Electric heating problem, repair as required
Multiple problems prevent unit operation, check alarm codes and repair as required
Y
R
Y
Y
R
64
8.
Human Relations
Overview
The purpose of this section is to give independent contractors and company drivers a basic
understanding about C.R. England procedures and practices concerning interaction with
customers, fellow drivers of C.R. England and other companies, and the public as a whole.
This section will cover the following:
Customer
Service
Expectations

Customer Service Expectations

Communication

The Public

Fellow Drivers

Recruiting

Quality of Life
Dress Standards and General Appearance
How you look is a direct reflection of your attitude and professionalism. It also reflects onto
those around you and the reputation of C.R. England.
Grooming standards:
▪ Hair. Clean, well-groomed hair is essential to a professional appearance.
▪ Beards and mustaches. Neat and clean.
Dress standards:
▪ Shirts. Shirts should be clean and free from tears, and not display lewd or distasteful
statements or pictures.
▪ Pants. Wear long pants when dealing with customers. Shorts or sweats may be worn
during travel time only. Any obvious tears in the fabric should be repaired.
▪ Shoes. To avoid injury to yourself, always wear hard-soled and high-topped, ankle
covering safety shoes when loading and unloading. Athletic shoes are acceptable
when heavy labor is not required.
▪ Personal hygiene. A professional, clean appearance is expected at all times. C.R.
England has one of the sharpest and best-maintained fleets in the nation. We want to
have the same reputation when it comes to the appearance and personal cleanliness
of our drivers.
▪ Showers. Plan on showering daily. This is especially important when interacting
with customers.
▪ Deodorant. Use a quality deodorant each day.
Communication
All communications, written or electronic, internal or external must be conducted in a
professional manner.
65
Telephone Calls
No unauthorized telephone calls are to be charged to the account of the company.
Qualcomm
Qualcomm services are provided by the Company for business use only
Communicating Effectively
Remember that being clear, concise, professional, and polite is most effective way to
communicate with others in a professional setting.
Business Communication: Most problems can be resolved to everyone’s advantage if there
is communication in a correct and timely manner. Contacting your driver manger, the claims
department, customers, or others as soon as you see you have a problem is very important.
Don’t wait until a small issue becomes a big problem before trying to get it resolved.
Communicate any problems or concerns. Chances are they could develop into bigger
problems if not dealt with quickly.
Share with your Driver Manager any personal feelings or things you may be dealing with that
are troubling you. Your mental and physical health is of utmost importance. Your safety, and
the safety of others, may be threatened if you are unable to concentrate on your work.
Mutual Respect: All people are valuable, even though it may not be readily apparent.
Respect for another person is acknowledging their worth by showing honor toward them.
Mutual respect is when two individuals show respect for each other. Realizing others value
takes effort and time, but is well worth that effort. Relationships go better and interaction is
much more rewarding when people have and show mutual respect for one another.
Patience: Patience is the quiet and steady perseverance when pursuing a goal. Patience can
also be the willingness to suppress annoyance when faced with adversity, misfortune, pain or
irritation without complaint or loosing ones temper.
Patience can be learned and increased to the point that a person is in total control and never
reacts with anger or irritation.
The Public
On the Road: As a driver for C.R. England you are a symbol of for what C.R. England
stands. Always be a courteous and safe driver and remember that your conduct is a direct
reflection of how other motorists view the company and possibly the trucking industry as a
whole.
Truck Stops. Even at truck stops, fellow drivers are not your only audience. Truck stops
cater to the public at large. Members of the public, as well as drivers for C.R. England and
other trucking companies, may be observing you whether you are being polite and friendly or
otherwise.
Fellow Drivers
Other C.R. England Drivers on the Road: On the road, look out for other C.R. England
drivers and do your best to help if asked. All drivers, whether an independent contractor or
company driver, are an important part of making C.R. England thrive. Often, C.R. England
66
drivers will flash their headlights at each other as a symbol of unity and respect. Being
courteous towards your fellow C.R. England associated drivers is vital to our success.
Truck Stops: Just as you should be mindful of your conduct around the public in and
around truck stops, you should also remember that drivers from various other companies, as
well as truck stop employees are using your behavior as a means to judge the company and
the industry. We encourage you to be courteous to all patrons and staff at these places.
Customer Locations: As the person delivering the goods to the customer’s location, you
may be one of the only contacts the customer has with the company. Without our customers,
we have no freight, and without freight we would not exist. Remember to call at least fifteen
minutes prior to a delivery appointment and always check in with the customer if you will be
early or are delayed.
England Terminals: When pulling into a company terminal of any kind you may not
exceed the posted speed limit of 5 mph. Doing so is not only a violation of company policy,
but may injure pedestrians or cause accidents with other motorists in the area. Be alert of
hidden objects, parked vehicles, pedestrians, obstructions, and fellow driver pets that may be
in the area to avoid accidents.
The terminals are busy locations with the sole purpose of serving you, the driver, to get you
back on the road. Be courteous to all – terminal employees and drivers alike.
Recruiting
Potential New Drivers: The same benefits and programs which interested you in C.R.
England may very well interest other potential new drivers. If someone contacts you for
information about driving for C.R. England, contact a C.R. England recruiter for more
information at 1-888-537-2499 or refer them to our website (www.crengland.com) to fill out
an online application.
Recruiting Materials: We offer a great deal of recruiting information material online at
www.crengland.com including several videos and online brochures with information about
not only our driver school, driving for the company, becoming an independent contractor,
and working as a trainer. You can also access information about pay scale, dedicated runs,
types of freight we haul, and even the history of the company.
Network Recruiting Program: CR England's Network Recruiting Program pays you for
recruiting new drivers. In addition, if the drivers you recruit bring in more drivers, you both
get paid for miles run by the new recruits.
How It Works: You receive at least 1/2 cent per mile for each mile driven by your
recruit. In addition, you can get paid the same amount for all recruits they bring in.
Since there is no limit to the number of recruits hired, you can earn as much as you
want by recruiting good drivers.
67
9.
Index
Accident review procedures..............................................32
Leaks .......................................................................... 13, 44
Accidents.......................... 18, 24 - 30, 31, 32, 33, 38, 43, 44
License suspension........................................................... 24
Air chutes....................................................................13, 15
Load assignment........................................5, 6, 8, 11, 13, 16
Alcohol .......................................................................23, 24
Load Assignment ............................................................... 6
Arrests...............................................................................24
Load/unload pay............................................................... 11
Auditing............................................................................36
Lumper receipts................................................................ 13
Authorization Requests (AR’s)...........................................8
Mission Statement .............................................................. 4
Backing.............................................................................28
Overages........................................................................... 21
Bill of lading............................................. 11, 14, 15, 33, 41
Pallet Department............................................................. 16
Billing call ........................................................................18
Pallet program .................................................................. 16
Brakes .........................................................................28, 30
Pallets................................................................... 11, 13, 16
Check calls........................................................................18
Parking ............................................................................. 29
Citations......................................................................15, 24
Passengers ........................................................................ 24
Construction zones............................................................31
Performance Expectations.................................................. 5
Cutting an order ................................................................15
Pickup and delivery............................................................ 5
Department of Transportation.....................................40, 41
Placarding................................................................... 40, 42
Discipline.................................................. 24, 26, 33, 38, 39
QualComm ......................................................................... 7
Driver logs .......................................... 23, 33, 36, 37, 38, 39
Reefer............................................................................... 13
Driver Manager........................4, 15, 17, 20 - 24, 29, 38, 42
Request for Service (RS’s) ................................................. 8
Driver qualifications .........................................................23
Safety ................................................................................. 5
Emergency response .........................................................44
Safety policies .................................................................. 23
Emergency road service....................................................18
Scaling.............................................................................. 11
Emergency warning signals ..............................................31
Scope of operations ............................................................ 5
Exit ramps.........................................................................27
Security Plan .................................................................... 40
Falling asleep....................................................................29
Shortages.......................................................................... 21
Freight claims .....................................................................5
Sleeper berth .................................................................... 33
Fuel optimizer...............................................................6, 20
Speed...................................5, 26, 27, 29, 30, 31, 33, 37, 38
Hazardous materials.................................. 40, 41, 42, 43, 44
Speed limit ......................................................................... 5
High risk areas ..................................................................45
Suspension ........................................................... 24, 26, 39
Hours of service..........................................................36, 38
Termination.......................................................... 24, 33, 39
Hours of Service .........................................................23, 33
Toll roads ........................................................................... 8
Human Resources ...............................................................4
Topped trailers ................................................................. 28
Jackknife...........................................................................30
Unauthorized passengers.................................................. 24
Landing gear .....................................................................30
Vehicle Inspection Report ................................................ 33
Lane changes ....................................................................30
Violations ............................................24, 33, 36, 37, 38, 39
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Copyright C.R. England 6/2008