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Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 9(32), DOI: 10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i32/100719, August 2016
ISSN (Print) : 0974-6846
ISSN (Online) : 0974-5645
An Efficient Three-Dimensional Animation Film on
The Autobiographies of Differently Abled Person
Kuldip Acharya1* and Dibyendu Ghoshal2
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala, Barjala,
Jirania – 799046, Tripura (West), India; [email protected]
2
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala, Barjala,
Jirania – 799046, Tripura (w), India; [email protected]
1
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of the paper is making an animation film using cheap animation software to present various problems
and their solution faced by a physically challenged person. Methods: The current work to use user-friendly animation
software to depict the thick and thin in the life of physically disabled persons. Another aspect of the present study is to use
secure keyframe animation techniques which have been applied for smooth animations. High-quality lighting effects and
camera controlling method is also employed. The image processing portions like image enhancement, noise reduction, and
so forth have been accomplished in a photo editing software platform at the initial stage before animation. Findings: This
paper presents the application of cheap animation software and other associated software for making an animated film
with music composition, sound recording, video editing and image processing. All this software is used to project a story
of a physically challenged young person and his mentor, and it has produced a video show of 105 minutes’ duration. The
existing script of this animation film has been prepared regarding the obstacles faced by a teacher and a student both being
differently abled persons i.e. physically challenged ones. The contemporary animation film appears to provide through
each video frame, a comfort, and pleasure for viewing by humans. The tunes and melodies of the contemporary film are
composed by a music synthesizer to impart a feeling of the physically challenged persons to ordinary viewers. The entire
saga is kept confined within the reasonable time limit. Novelty/Improvement: In the present study, an attempt has been
made to utilize cheap animation software to produce high quality rendered scenes.
Keywords: Online Shopping, Perceived Risk, Purchase Intention, Risk Reduction Strategies
1. Introduction
Poser Pro1 is easy to use three-dimensional (3D) character
animation software for new animators. We have chosen
the software and tools, such that it gives the optimal result
in the generated animation movie. This paper represents
the applications of animation methods and techniques
to make a computer animation film. We have shown the
applications of 3D modeling and animation software.
Poser Pro for 3D modeling and animation, FaceGen2 to
produce the 3D head model to use it with existing 3D
figures of Poser Pro software, Vue Pioneer3 and iClone4
software is used to make the 3D environment, Adobe
Photoshop5 for image processing. Cool record edit6
* Author for correspondence
software used for voice recording and editing. Music
keyboard is used to record the original track as a .mp3
file. We convert a mp3 file to a midi file by using TSAudio to MIDI7 software. Fruity loop8 software is used for
music file production and to assign multiple instruments
and rhythm to a MIDI file. Corel video studio9 for video
processing and making the final animation film video
file. For particle effect, ParticleIllusion10 tool is used.
Natural Reader11 software is used for text to speech to
record and save the dialogues as a mp3 file. The objective
of these project is to make a 3D animation film on a
story that tells the autobiographies of an orthopedically
challenged music teacher and his visually impaired
student. The journey of their life is classically animated.
An Efficient Three-Dimensional Animation Film on The Autobiographies of Differently Abled Person
In the contemporary animation film each frame has been
found to be very smooth uniform and almost without
noise. All the color shades used here have been found to
be uniformly distributed over the entire screen. No color
blob is located in any frame as well as no holes also. The
smoothness of the boundary between the foreground and
background are also considered to be very sharp and can
be distinguished by the human visual system without any
trouble. A unique feature can be noted is that no flicker
noise is at all present in the frame of the image. The
movement of the various organs of the human characters
is found to be very smooth and without any stop or break.
2. Proposed Methods
The purpose of an exhibition of any cinema is to provide, in
general, entertainment to the audience. In the meantime,
the quality of the picture and their presentation in a time
varying format should be technically perfect. When one
still frames of the film are presented, then generally the
contrast should be very fine. It is the contrast which gives
the entire visual pleasure and perfection to the viewers.
The cinema is a combination of a vast number of the still
frame of the image, and it exploits the phenomenon of
persistence of vision. It is standard practice to prepared
least 25 to 30 numbers of frames per seconds so that the
observer can sense it as a continuous one. The quality of
time varying images depends on the uniformity of this
frame per seconds same during the entire time of the
video show. The shape is a paramount factor in the case of
time varying images. Because the possibility of distortion
of the objects shown in the cinema is very much prone
to be affected by non-uniformity of presentation of the
pictures as a whole. The texture of a time varying show has
got immense importance for the producer and the viewer.
For example, a man wearing an excellent quality of shirt
may seem useless appearance due to the misrepresentation
of the shirts textures. The texture of any image inherently
has three essential aspects viz. stochastics, spectral and
structural. In the time-varying two-dimensional signal as
in the case of the movie show, the signal elements may
be considered as a large set of events with the indexed
sequence. The stochastics properties of any ensemble
have got various statistic features or parameters like
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Vol 9 (32) | August 2016 | www.indjst.org
mean, mode, medium, variance, skewness, kurtosis, and
so forth. All these features are to be completely unison so
that the finally the image look breathtaking and pleasing.
When any video image analyzed in the frequency domain
for the purpose of filtering nonadditive noises, their
attributes should be uniform over the entire image area
and these are required to maintain during the whole show.
The color is a reliable descriptor of any still image as well
as video show, and it is very much appealing to the human
also. The color got two components which are called color
intensity and color contents. The intensity plays a vital
role in maintaining a uniform illumination throughout
the image screen, and this should be maintaining for the
entire time of the show. In the present work, the most
beautiful color video display has been carried out by the
animator. The content of the color is technically called the
hue, and the deepness of the particular color is called the
saturation. So the video image should process sufficient
amount of hue and uniform saturation for all the colors
which are used in the video show. The contemporary
animation film has taken special care by the Poser Pro
software so that the hue and saturation and intensities all
these properties are maintained. The human beings, the
standard viewers, are very much adaptive to the color
images, and they can distinguish lux of the color shape
hence great care has been taken to maintain the visual
satisfaction by the viewers consistently.
Figure 1. Light properties and graph.
Table 1, gives the list of software used to make the
proposed animation film. In Figure 1, the graph editor of
light is shown. Here the lower point of the curve line is
chosen and as a result, it produces darker lighting effect.
When top points of the curve line are choose, it will give
brighter lighting effect. Thus, by increasing or decreasing
the voxel intensity, we get lighter or darker results. Color
values are responsible for the color effects.
Indian Journal of Science and Technology
Kuldip Acharya and Dibyendu Ghoshal
Table 1. List of software utilized in this animation project
Software
Poser Pro
FaceGen Modeller
ParticleIllusion
Company
Curious Lab
Singular Inversions
Wonder touch
Features
3D animation and modeling
Research in psychology and graphics and 3d simulation
It is an application to create effortlessly amazing effects:
explosions, smoke, fire and abstract artistic effects, etc.
Vue Pioneer
E-on software
3D nature builder
IClone
Reallusion
Pre-animated 3d animation and special effects, environment, high quality and quick rendering
Cool record edit pro CoolMedia
High-quality audio recording and editing feature
Sibelius
Sibelius software
Music production software
Ts audio to midi
TallStick Software
Ts-AudioToMIDI converts polyphonic music (in a
wave, mp3, if, audio cd tracks) into midi sequences.
Fruity loops
Image-line
Music composition software. Lots of instruments,
effects, rhythm libraries are there.
Photoshop
Adobe
Image processing software
Video Studio
Corel
Video processing software
Natural Reader
NaturalSoft Limited Text to voice reader software
Table 2. Light properties
Shadow
Map Size
Red
Green
Blue
Intensity
1
512
1.310
0.820
1.603
52 %
Table 2, shows the various properties of the applied
light. These properties are a shadow, map size, intensity
and different color features. By increasing or decreasing
these values, we get different lighting effects.
Figure 2, shows the use of the aux camera. In Table
3, various parameters and values of the aux camera are
shown.
Figure 3. Spotlight.
Figure 3, demonstrates the use of the spotlight. In
Table 4, we can see the blend styles and tweaks percentage
are shown. By increasing or decreasing these values, the
running or walking speed of model is controlled.
Table 4. Light parameters
Figure 2. Aux Camera.
Table 3. Aux camera parameters
Focus Distance
F-stop
Shutter open
Shutter close
Yon
2.800
2.800
0.000
1.620
105.80
Total rendering time
Number of frames
Total objects
light
Total polygons
6 minutes
1
3
1
4438848
3
Figure 4. Walk path designer.
In Figure 4, the slow running of a human model is
shown.
Table 5 shows the walk designer parameters properties.
Table 5. Walk Designer Parameters properties
Blend Styles (G2) percentage Tweaks
Cool
16%
Head Bounce
elderly
16%
Arm Swing
power
0%
Arm Out
Run
20 %
Hip Swing
sexy
8%
Leg lift
sneaky
24 %
Stride
touch
-4%
percentage
6%
2%
4%
8%
6%
4%
Figure 7. Gender is changing in Poser Face Room.
In Figure 7, we can see an instance of it where a
male face changes to a female face. There are also other
properties like age and ethnicity. We can increase or
decrease the value of age to look the face younger or older.
We can change the face ethnicity value to seem like an
Asian, African, European or Indian.
Table 6. Gender properties of face
Less or more African
Less or more European
Less or more Southeast Asian
Less or more East Indian
Age- younger/older
Gender- male/female
Figure 5. Doctor and special child medical training period.
Figure 5, shows a treatment scene between a doctor
and a special child.
Figure 6, shows the word “MOTHER” in Braille signs.
-0.030
-0.880
000
1.020
-5.280
9.140
Table 6 shows the gender features of a face in Poser
face room. By changing the values of this properties, a
male face can be transformed into a female face and vice
versa.
Table 7 shows the rendering details of a scene.
Table 7. Rendering details
Spotlight
Angle End
Angel Start
Value
70.000
0.000
Other
Shadow
Map Size
Red
Green
Blue
Intensity
Value
0.960
512
1.636
0.360
14.768
2013 %
Figure 6. ‘M’, ‘O’, ‘T’, ‘H’, ‘E’, ‘R’ in Braille.
4
Figure 8, shows the Adobe Photoshop cropping
technique applying to a picture. We used the cropped face
image with the FaceGen modeling software to produce
a three-dimensional (3D) head model. In Figure 9, the
modeling techniques of a 3D head are showing. Here
nine points need to be adjusted in the desired face image
locations, i.e., lips corner, eye people, nose points, throat
point, chaw points as instruction is shown on the right
side of the picture. Then the processing phase is begun,
and the final output is produced when the rendering
process is finished.
model as the modified expression as a single .obj file, and
the other one is exporting the model as multiple .obj file
with many expressions as separate .obj files.
Figure 10. Operation theatre.
Figure 8. Image Background is removing in photoshop.
Figure 9. Face corner points adjustment in face gen software.
Figure 10, shows a scene of operation of a boy for
lower limb prosthesis.
Figure 11, shows the dialog box where we can adjust
the values of various face expression parameters like
anger, fear, sad, smile open, smile closed and much more.
After adjusting the values of face expression by increasing
and decreasing it, we can export it. There is two option to
export the model as a .obj file. One option is to export the
Figure 11. Random faces of the same expression.
Figure 12. Random faces of the different expression.
In Figure 12, showing randomness feature, where

random faces are generated from the same image with
the same expression. Then it displays the exporting
format of the generated 3D head model, and here obj
format is chosen. Various expressions of sad, anger, open
smile, loving the smile and many more expression that
can be used with the generated 3D head model. Then
adjusting the age, color, gender, natural properties of face
dimensions.
5
Figure 13, is showing exporting the model as a .obj
file. However, there is no bone facility in FaceGen
software, so we cannot move the lips manually and needs
to use different expressions of generated same model. The
original head is made invisible, and the imported head
model designed in FaceGen is ready to take its place.
we can observe different simulation results.
Figure 15. The scene is rendering in iClone.
Figure 13. Imported 3d head model in Poser Pro.
Figure 14, shows the material editor in Poser Pro
software. The material editor provides the facility to
add skin subsurface scattering, set up light style, create
atmosphere and color adjustment, and so forth. Figure 15,
shows an instance to create a 3D natural environment by
iClone software. We can make 3D environment easily by
the few clicks of the mouse.
Figure 16. Rendering a scene in Vue Pioneer.
Figure 17. Water jet simulation in particle illusion.
Figure 14. Material editing in Poser Pro.
Figure 16, shows a rendered Image, which is designed
in Vue Pioneer software. Table 5, shows the total rendering
time, total objects, light and total polygons. Rendering
time in due depends on the number of polygons. The
rendering takes a long time to render if there are a higher
number of polygons. Figure 17, shows the effects of water
jet simulation results in ParticleIllusion software. We can
manipulate various properties of water jet emitter like
life number, velocity, speed, bounce, visibility and much
more. Thus, by changing the values of all these parameters,
6
Figure 18, shows how to adjust the voice expressions
before reading the given text to speak in Natural Reader
software. Voice will read the given text, and this can be
recorded and save as an audio file. This audio file can
be used as a character voice in the animation film. In
Figure 19, shows how to convert the .mp3 file to MIDI
file by TS -AudioToMIDI software. MIDI files contain
the musical notations played by a musical synthesizer.
We first record the music played on synthesizer as a
mp3 file then we convert it to MIDI file. Then we assign
multiple instruments and rhythm to this MIDI file and
save it as mp3 file. This mp3 file is used with the scenes
of animation film. Cool Record Edit Pro is a software
to process the audio file for better sound quality, noise
removing, to enhance the overall quality. It has many
effects like chorus, echo, reverb. The audio file can also
amplify it. This software further processes our music file.
music can be exported as a .mp3 file. Thus, by using this
professional software quality of music can be generated.
High quality musical instrumental effects and multiple
instruments can be assigned to a midi file by using Fruity
Loop music production software. We can assign various
music instruments like Sitar, Guitar, Strings, Cyrus and
much more to our produced MIDI File.
Figure 18. Voice expression in natural reader.
Figure 21. Music composition in Sibelius software.
Figure 19. Conversion of an .mp3 to. midi file.
Figure 22, shows the arranging multiple instruments
to a MIDI file in fruity loop software. There are lots of
software available for video processing. Here we used
Corel video studio to arrange all the video files, music files,
and the subtitle files. We arrange everything properly, give
some special effects, edit the video appropriately. Then
we play the video to watch the preview before the final
processing. Then again go through the editing process,
when we are satisfied at the best level then we go for the
final video file processing and save it. Figure 23, shows a
snap of the whole process which took hours to produce
the final video file.
Figure 20. Music file is editing in Cool Record Edit Pro.
In Figure 20, we can see it. We have also used Sibelius
software12 for music composition by assigning various
musical notes. We assign different music notes on mouse
click as shown in Figure 21, there are total four instruments
is used to produce a piece of music. The produced
Figure 22. Arranging multiple instruments to a MIDI file.
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Figure 23. Arranging all the files for final video processing.
4. Result and Analysis
Figure 24, shows an underwater environment designed in
Poser Pro software. Figure 25, shows a girl in the snow
rain.
Figure 24. Underwater environment scene.
Figure 25. The girl in the snow rain.
Figure 26, shows a sequence of high quality rendered
images where a visually challenged student is touching
the face of her music teacher to see how he looks. The
fog effect is added later during editing phase of the scene.
This animation film is based on the story which tells the
autobiography of a music teacher who walks by a robotic
prosthetics leg and her visually impaired music student
who cannot see by her eyes. She learns Braille system and
music on piano from her teacher. This film also shows
the use of sign language. The story is all about how they
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go through to achieve the goal of their life by the power
of love. After writing the concept, story and script the
above-described software are used to make the animation
film. First of all, the characters were dressed in costumes
and props. The geometrical properties of character figures
are modified according to the script requirements. In the
face room, few faces are adjusted by real face images.
Also, FaceGen software is used to design 3D head models
and to export it to be used in the Poser Pro software. We
replaced the original head of Poser Pro character with
the primary model created in FaceGen Modeler software.
Then morphology is applied to adjust and enhance the
head with the neck of the character, such that it looks
like real. Then color is adapted to look the screen of the
body and adjusted head looks healthy. Then environment
is setup to make the appropriate stage. Characters
geometrical position is decided. The required poses are
given to the characters. Keyframe animation methods
are applied appropriately to provide realistic motions to
the character. Python scripting is used for walk designing
and running purpose of the actors. The light and camera
effect is adjusted according to the scene needs. When the
scene is ready to animate than the total duration of the
animation is finalized by setting the frame size. When the
rendering process is complete, a high quality of video file
is produced. All the generated video files are imported
in the video studio software. Audio files are arranged
properly with video files in the timeline; subtitles are added
to it. Then the final video file processing begins, and the
process is going on till the final video file is produced. The
various format of video compression techniques is there;
mp4 video compression techniques are chosen here as it
maintains the quality and also takes less space compare
to .avi file. The picture quality of mp4 videos are excellent
and its take less memory to save. The total duration of this
animation film is above 100 minutes. Approximately total
production time to make this movie is above 1000 hours.
If the same animation film is made of Autodesk in13,14, it
may take more time in the learning phase and animate
the scenes and to produce the same product by a single
animator who is new in the animation field. It is also
true that Autodesk Maya or in Blender has many highquality features which the used above animation software
have not. The used software is suitable for beginners who
have no animation skills but have great thinking ideas
and want to give life to their ideas with high-quality 3D
figures. Here the face of both model is designed in Face
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
Figure 26. (a)-(f). Sequence of different scenes from the animation film.
Gen software. Then it is replaced with the 3D head model
conceived in the Face Gen software. After importing and
adjusting the head in the figure, hair is grafted in the head
design. The fog effect is given in the beautiful background
to make the scene alive.
Figure 29(d), showing an imaginary scene of drops of
nectar flowing and how it is spreading. Figure 29(e), is
showing, a visually challenged girl is feeling it in her deep.
In Figure 29 (f), is showing the snow rain is dripping on
a visually challenged girl. Here in Figure 29 (g),(h),(i),
is showing that a visually challenged girl is learning the
Braille system from her teacher. In figure 29(j) shows she is
learning music on piano from her teacher. In Figure 29(k)
the teacher is giving a sign language lesson to his students.
In Figure 29(l), shows the Midnight Sun in the prayers and
devotion of teacher and his student’s. Figure 29(m),(n),(o),
shows a teacher is teaching the sign language to his pupils.
Figure 27. Prosthesis leg of a boy.
Figure 27, shows the Prosthesis leg of a boy.
Figure 28, shows a teacher is playing the violin for his
student.
Figure 30. A scene from the animation film.
Figure 30, shows a girl got a new life in a kiss of her
teacher in the heaven.
Figure 28. The boy is playing violin for his student.
9
(a)
(b)
(c )
(d)
(e)
(f )
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
(k)
(l)
(m)
(n)
(o)
(p)
(q)
(r)
Figure 29. Sequence of different scenes from the animation film.
10
7. Dedication
Kuldip Acharya (author one) dedicates his creative work
to his loving father, Dr. Kalidas Acharya.
8. References
Figure 31. Climax scene from the animation film.
Figure 31, shows the climax scene from the animation
film where they travel in the eternal journey.
5. Future Work and Conclusion
This paper illustrates how to make a high-quality threedimensional animation film efficiently by using a bunch
of cheap software with smaller effort and skill. Its shows
easy methods to design and animate the scenes. This
animation film is made on various easy to use the software
in an efficient way. Due to the user-friendly graphical
interface and menus producing a high-quality scene are
easy. Different types of knowledge about the software,
video graph, color imaging and ambition techniques
have been gathered and applied to accomplish a realistic
animation film. In this animation movie, many original
3D models15 have been used from 3ds.com. Yamaha
musical synthesizer is used to compose few original
music. Regarding the shortcomings of the present
work, it may be stated that Poser Pro software does not
have the facility to display fluid dynamic simulation,
advanced physics simulation, advanced clothing, and
hair simulation. Thus, in the future study to represent
facial expressions, realistic lighting, and so forth, another
professional animation software like Autodesk Maya,
Blender can be incorporated with Poser Pro software
for better visualization. The entire film based study has
aimed at cost lowering, easy handling ability and viewers
satisfaction, and technological smoothness.
6. Acknowledgment
The author one (Kuldip Acharya) acknowledge National
Institute of Technology, Agartala for providing the Ph.D.
fellowship for carrying out the research work.
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