Lesson 24 Vocabulary Reader

Level: P
DRA: 38
Science
Strategy:
Analyze/Evaluate
Word Count: 915
Dangerous
Waves
4.5.24 Build Vocabulary
HOUGHTON MIFFLIN
Online Leveled Books
ISBN-13:978-0-547-02344-1
ISBN-10:0-547-02344-8
by Pam Zollman
1032233
1032233
H O UG H T O N M IF F L IN
Dangerous
Waves
by Pam Zollman
ILLUSTRATION CREDIT: Susan Carlson, Steve McEntee
PHOTOGRAPHY CREDITS: Cover © AP Photo/APTN; tp © BPPT/Handout/Reuters/Corbis; 7 © David Crossland/Alamy;
8 © Isu/Getty Images; 9 © Joe Fox/Alamy Images; 11 © AFP/Getty Images; 12 © AP Photo/APTN; 13 © James Robert
Fuller/Corbis; 14 © BPPT/Handout/Reuters/Corbis.
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Table of Contents
How It Started
3
Earthquake!
4
No Warning
6
Tilly in Thailand
7
Alexa in Thailand
8
Tarasa Dwip Island
9
Indonesia
10
Sri Lanka
10
Maldives
11
Aftermath
12
A New Warning System
14
How It Started
The morning of December 26, 2004, was
sunny, and thousands of people were enjoying
the beach. They did not know that two plates
FINISH
on theMap
earth’s
crust,
the
Eurasian
Plate
and the
of the Indian
Ocean
showing
Tectonic Plates,
Tsunami
Spec #4_XXXXXX_VR5_4BL_INDIAN_O1V
Indian Plate, had just moved.
The Earth’s plates in the
Indian Ocean Area
Tectonic plate division lines
Eurasian Plate
African
Plate
Indian Plate
Antarctic Plate
The pink lines show how the earth’s
crust is divided into sections called
plates.
Sue Carlson
609 971 6828
3
Water
Ocean floor
Ocean floor
The movement of the ocean floor at a nearby fault
caused the earthquake and the tsunami.
Earthquake!
VR5_4BL_Indian
2
Then it happened.
As theOcean
Indian
plate tried
Anthology Inc.
Steve McEntee – McEntee Art & Design Inc. — 10/1/07
to slide under the Eurasian plate, a fault, or long
crack, suddenly broke open. Earthquake!
The earthquake violently shook the ocean.
The energy from the earthquake created waves.
These waves looked small at first, but they
were traveling at 500 miles per hour—as fast as
an airplane. It was a tsunami.
4
Tsunamis travel in a group of three or
more waves called a wave train. As a tsunami
approaches the shore, it enters shallow water.
It then slows down, but the height of the
waves grows very large. A tsunami is silent
as it travels across the ocean, but it roars like a
freight train when it pounds the beach.
The Quake Felt
Around the World
The earthquake that caused the 2004
tsunami was the largest earthquake in
that area in 200 years. It could be felt
in countries around the world, including
Canada, the United States, Peru, Japan,
Norway, and Italy. The tsunami also
caused the tide to be higher than
normal in many countries far from
the quake.
5
No Warning
At that time, there was no tsunami
warning system in the Indian Ocean. The
intruder became more dangerous as it entered
the shallow waters.
In many places, the ocean pulled away from
the shoreline. This was such a strange sight
that people on the beach walked out onto the
seafloor. Then they saw the giant wave roaring
toward the beach.
That was when many people finally
realized the danger. But it was too late.
Many homes and buildings were destroyed.
More than 200,000 people died.
6
Tilly in Thailand
Ten-year-old Tilly, from England, was on
vacation with her family in Thailand. That
morning, she noticed the ocean was acting
strange. It was foaming and seemed to be
rising. Then she remembered a geography
lesson. This was a tsunami!
Tilly warned her family to run just before
the wave charged the beach. They escaped.
Many people like to visit Thailand’s beautiful beaches.
7
The 2004 tsunami destroyed many hotels and other
buildings in Thailand.
Alexa in Thailand
Alexa was in a hotel at 10:30 a.m. A friend
saw the huge wave coming and warned her.
The roar was unbelievably loud.
The tsunami rammed the building. Alexa
escaped to a mountain and spent the night in
the enclosure of a half-built hotel.
8
Tarasa Dwip Island
Abdul was at work in an observation tower
on Tarasa Dwip Island off the coast of India.
He felt the shaking of a powerful earthquake.
He knew that earthquakes could cause
tsunamis and warned as many people as
he could.
Three giant waves destroyed many homes,
but only three people died. Many more would
have suffered the same fate if Abdul had not
warned them.
In some places, the
water was more than
20 feet high. People in
observation towers like
this one could see the
waves coming.
9
Indonesia
The tsunami swept a man named Rizal and
his friend out to sea. Rizal grabbed an uprooted
tree and hung on. Unfortunately, he became
separated from his companion. He floated
and ate coconuts for eight days. Finally, a ship
rescued him.
Sri Lanka
As the tsunami charged the shore, some
babies got separated from their parents. One
was called “Baby 81.” His parents had so
much love and affection for their son that they
worked hard to get him back. Finally, they did!
His real name is Abilass.
10
Maldives
Dave worked in a hotel in the Maldives.
At 11:00 a.m., Dave saw a wall of water rising
from the ocean. Wave after wave hit the
building. The hotel was wrecked.
Dave and the staff stayed on the island for
two days. The bond between them grew strong.
They were inseparable until they were rescued
by floatplanes that landed on the water.
Some tiny islands disappeared after the tsunami.
11
Aftermath
The chief concern after the tsunami was
rescuing people. Some people had been swept
out to sea. Some were trapped in rubble. Others
were stranded on islands or mountaintops or
roofs. Survivors tried to find relatives. Injured
and exhausted people were treated at hospitals.
The tsunami waves caused a lot of destruction on shore.
12
Rebuilding began right away in many places.
There is still much work to be done.
Many resorts have since been rebuilt.
However, soil was washed away in many areas
and coral reefs offshore were damaged. Some
tourists have come back for vacations, but it
will take a long time for people to forget that
terrible day.
13
A New Warning System
The United States installed a warning buoy,
or large float, in the Indian Ocean in 2005. A
tsunameter was attached to the ocean floor.
It sends a signal to the buoy when the water
pressure changes. The buoy then sends a signal
to ground stations. Buoys like these will help
warn people of future tsunamis.
Tsunameters like this one
have been added to the
Indian Ocean.
14
Responding
Word Builder Many
words have word parts added to the end of
them. In the word affection, -ion is added at
the end. Think of some other words that have
endings added to the end of them. Copy and
complete the chart below.
TARGET VOCABULARY
-ion
-able
-ly
affection
reliable
lively
?
?
?
?
?
?
Write About It
Text to World HMRGOColumnMap.eps
Even though you can’t predict
natural disasters, you can be prepared. Write a
one-paragraph emergency plan for your family.
Be sure to include an evacuation plan and a list
of emergency supplies. Use one word from the
Word Builder.
15
TARGET VOCABULARY
affection
bond
charged
chief
companion
enclosure
exhausted
inseparable
intruder
suffered
Analyze/Evaluate Think carefully about the text and form an opinion about it.
TARGET STRATEGY
What word can be used to describe both a
battery and something a bull did?
16
Level: P
DRA: 38
Science
Strategy:
Analyze/Evaluate
Word Count: 915
Dangerous
Waves
4.5.24 Build Vocabulary
HOUGHTON MIFFLIN
Online Leveled Books
ISBN-13:978-0-547-02344-1
ISBN-10:0-547-02344-8
by Pam Zollman
1032233
1032233
H O UG H T O N M IF F L IN