PDF, 8.3 MB - Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis

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Centre for Microscopy,
Characterisation and Analysis
CMCA | 2011 – 2012
The University of Western Australia
M010, 35 Stirling Highway
Crawley WA 6009
Tel: +61 8 6488 2770
Fax: +61 8 6488 1087
Email: [email protected]
cmca.uwa.edu.au
CRICOS Provider Code: 00126G
COVER IMAGE / FALSE COLOURED SCANNING
ELECTRON MICROGRAPH OF A TRYPANOSOME
TRYPOMASTIGOTE ON A DYING CELL.
COURTESY: ADRIANA BOTERO AND PETA CLODE.
UniPrint 96944
IMAGE /THIS ELECTRON - MICROSCOPY IMAGE
SHOWS STRUCTURES FORMED BY SELF-ASSEMBLY
IMAGE / PROJECT INVOLVED INVESTIGATING DROUGHT
RESISTANCE MECHANISMS OF A NEW PERENNIAL
HERBACEOUS PASTURE LEGUME. 100UM THICK
OF MAGNETIC IRON-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES. A SMALL
From the Director
p01
Feature Story
p06
Affiliations
p02
Research Highlights
p07
Techniques
p04
Biomedical Sciences
p08
SECTIONS OF STEM WERE PREPARED ON A VIBRATOME
AND IMAGES TAKEN ON ZEISS AXIOSKOP OPTICAL
MICROSCOPE. IMAGES PETA CLODE, PROJECT: KEVIN
FOSTER.
WATER DROPLET CONTAINING OVER A TRILLION NANOPARTICLES WAS ALLOWED TO DRY ON FILM. THE HIGH
SURFACE-TENSION OF THE WATER DROPLET DREW
PARTICLES TOGETHER AS IT DRIED, RESULTING IN
THESE LARGE SINGLE-LAYER STRUCTURES. TAKEN BY
RAHI VARSANI, PHD STUDENT AT CMCA.
From
the Director
The first electron microscope arrived
at UWA in 1963. So, the CMCA
celebrates its 50th Anniversary in 2013,
in the University’s Centenary Year: fifty
years of conceptualising, winning funds
for, and installing and operating cuttingedge instruments to advance leadingedge research at UWA.
In 2012, we were again very
successful in winning funds from
the Australian Research Council
for new platforms - in transmission
electron microscopy, scanning
electron microscopy, flow cytometry
and atomic force microscopy. Two of
our four successes were supported
by a strategic alliance of the four
publicly funded universities: the
transmission electron microscopy bid
led by CMCA and the atomic force
microscopy bid led by our Curtin
University colleagues. The combined
value of our successes was $4.46
million, with ARC funding of $2.28
million – making the CMCA one of
the most successful infrastructure
organisations in the country in
winning Australian Research Council
infrastructure grants. Since 2008, the
CMCA has achieved a 100% success
rate on ten such grants.
Our ten-year old flagship transmission
electron microscope – the JEOL
3000, will finally be replaced with
the latest generation of a capability
undergoing continuous evolution,
and we will finally relieve the
pressure on our workhorse Zeiss
SEM with a new high-performance
imaging instrument. Our team, led
by CMCA’s Deputy Director Martin
Saunders, will exhaustively survey the
available offerings – travelling to The
Netherlands, Singapore and Japan
to view and operate the instruments,
testing samples brought from
Australia, and finally select the best
performing instrument that meets the
needs of the UWA and WA research
communities.
So why is CMCA so successful?
One reason is how CMCA determines
what capabilities to acquire. It
begins by being plugged in to the
research community. As a hub for
more than 400 researchers, we have
a lot of opportunity to learn what is
required, by listening and talking to
people, but also by doing. CMCA’s
academic and technical staff are
continually interacting with users
and potential users in myriad ways.
From conducting new user meetings,
an initial step in our User Pathway,
to running training courses, to
responding to industry enquiries, we
are continuously absorbing feedback
on what is required and where we
should be going next.
And that’s not all; CMCA’s Technique
Group Leaders are an important
conduit as well, complemented by
Applications Group Leaders, who cut
across techniques to bring a wholeof-area perspective on our portfolio
of capabilities. And intelligence
is gathered through our national
linkages, as nodes of the National
Earth Sciences
p12
Industry and Impact
p18
Centre Highlights
p21
Physical Sciences
p15
Research Highlights
p19
Staff
p26
IMAGE / CMCA DIRECTOR – WINTHROP
PROFESSOR DAVID SAMPSON.
Imaging Facility and the Australian
Microscopy and Microanalysis
Research Facility, and through our
international academic networks.
We learn what is working elsewhere,
what is not, and what our friends are
planning for next.
The next year will be an exciting time
at the CMCA, as we bed down our
engagement with the International
Atomic Energy Agency, as the first
university in their network, and
get on with the job of measuring
samples, and as we plan for the
long-awaited move into purposedesigned integrated facilities in the
WAIMR North building on the QEII
Campus, and install our state-of-theart preclinical Bruker 9.4T/310mm
micro-MRI.
In this 50th anniversary year, CMCA’s
long-standing culture of excellence
will come together with renewal of our
facilities to ensure we are well placed
to offer excellence at world-class
levels for the next 50 years – Top 50
by 2050!!
Conferences
and Visits
p30
Journal Papers
p33
Research training,
teaching and usage
p17
The University of Western Australia | 01
Affiliations
The CMCA is a focus for
microscopy and microanalysis
activities across Western
Australia and, through strong
links and collaborations,
has both a national and
international reputation.
Established in 1963 as a science
infrastructure facility within
The University of Western
Australia to support research
activity, the Centre has a long
and distinguished record of
collaboration with researchers,
industry and government
agencies in the provision
of research expertise and
technology.
Its world-class facilities, with
a replacement cost of $45M,
comprise an extensive range of
microscopy, microanalysis and
imaging instruments across
six sites.
Nanoscale
Characterisation
Centre WA (NCC) and
the Western Australian
Centre for Microscopy
(WACM)
On 30 June 2012, the
Nanoscale Characterisation
Centre WA (NCC), a State
Government funded Centre
of Excellence for which
CMCA was the lead node,
completed its funding term.
NCC’s focus was on providing
infrastructure and expertise
to maximise benefits to the
Western Australian community
from institutional and industry
research and development
in WA. The primary objective
of the NCC was to provide
continuity in major equipment
acquisitions to ensure that the
State’s researchers and industry
have access to state-of-the-art
technology. During it’s five-year
program, NCC significantly
exceeded its original targets
for instrument acquisitions and
the delivery of characterisation
training, research support and
industry engagement.
The NCC was founded upon
a collaborative agreement
between the four publicly
funded universities in Western
Australia, which together form
the Western Australian Centre
for Microscopy (WACM). The
WACM agreement between
the partner institutions
continues to operate, with
CMCA continuing to act as the
hub for microscopy activities
in the State, and strong
cross-institutional support for
infrastructure acquisition and
management.
02 | cmca.uwa.edu.au
Australian Microscopy
and Microanalysis
Research Facility
(AMMRF)
Established under the
Commonwealth Government’s
National Collaborative
Research Infrastructure
Strategy (NCRIS), AMMRF
is Australia’s peak research
facility for the characterisation
of materials through advanced
microscopy and microanalysis.
The AMMRF facilitates access
for all Australian researchers
to world-class equipment,
instrumentation and expertise
through a national grid of
nodes with varying microscopy
capabilities and an array of
flagship instrument platforms at
the international cutting edge.
The CMCA is the West
Australian node of the AMMRF
and features the flagship ion
probe capabilities, which
consist of the NanoSIMS50
and IMS 1280. Each of these
instruments is unique to the
Southern Hemisphere.
The CMCA also collaborates
with the John de Laeter Centre,
which enjoys linked laboratory
status in the AMMRF, in the
management and operation
of Western Australia’s ion
probe facilities.
National Imaging
Facility (NIF)
Established under NCRIS, the
Bioimaging Facility focuses on
provision of state-of-the-art
magnetic resonance, molecular
and allied imaging technologies
for application to animals, plants
and materials for the Australian
research community.
A successful 2009 LIEF grant
saw the CMCA become the
Western Australian node of the
facility, the first organisation in
the country to host two NCRIS
capabilities. The facility features
new capabilities for Western
Australia: in vivo micro-CT and
multispectral imaging, with the
instruments commissioned
in 2011. To these instruments
will be added micro magnetic
resonance imaging (micro MRI)
to coincide with completion of
the new WAIMR building
at QEII where the Facility will
be housed.
AuScope
AuScope is a characterisation
capability funded through the
National Collaborative Research
Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS)
with a focus on establishing
world-class research
infrastructure to characterise
the structure and evolution of
the Australian continent in a
global context from surface to
core in space and time.
In partnership with the AMMRF,
the Government of Western
Australia and UWA, AuScope
enabled the establishment of
the world-class ion microprobe
facility at CMCA, for the benefit
of all Australian researchers.
Australian National
Fabrication Facility
(ANFF)
Established under NCRIS,
the Australian National
Fabrication Facility (ANFF)
provides researchers and
industry with access to stateof-the-art fabrication facilities.
The capability provided
by ANFF enables users
to process hard materials
(metals, composites
and ceramics) and soft
materials (polymers
and polymer-biological
moieties) and transform
these into structures
that have application in
sensors, medical devices,
nanophotonics and
nanoelectronics.
The CMCA houses the
Panalytical Empyrean powder
diffractometer.
IMAGE / CULTURED ALVEOLUS TAKEN ON THE
NIKON FLUORESCENT CONFOCAL MICROSCOPE AT
CMCA TAKEN BY FIONA PIXLEY.
NEW
Optical-Confocal
Instrument
In 2012 CMCA purchased a
new Nikon A1R confocal and
multiphoton microscope. This
new instrument is being housed
in the Large Animal Facility on
Crawley Campus.
The system is capable
of simultaneous or
sequential image collection
using galvanometer and
resonant scanners and four
photomultiplier fluorescence
detectors and a DIC
transmission detector.
The multiphoton components
comprise a Coherent
Chameleon II pulsed laser
(700nm – 1000nm), NDD
detectors, and the Nikon Apo
25 x WMP dipping objective.
An objective inverter will
allow an effective upright
configuration for the Nikon Ti
E (inverted) microscope which
is suitable for in-vivo animal
imaging.
Transmission
Electron
Microscopy
ÌÌAnalytical
spectroscopy
ÌÌDiffraction
ÌÌElement mapping
ÌÌImaging
ÌÌTomography
X-ray Diffraction
ÌÌCharge density
measurement
ÌÌPowder X-ray
diffraction
ÌÌSmall molecule
structure
determination
ÌÌThin film analysis,
XRD phase
analysis, rocking
curve analysis
Nuclear Magnetic
Resonance
Spectroscopy
ÌÌMulti dimensional
spectra
ÌÌMultinuclear
spectra
ÌÌSolid state spectra
Scanning
Electron Microsopy
ÌÌSecondary and
backscattered
electron imaging
ÌÌEnvironmental
SEM
ÌÌX-ray microanalysis
Scanning Probe
Microscopy
ÌÌAtomic force
microscopy
ÌÌMagnetic force
microscopy
ÌÌNanoindentation
AMMRF Flagship
Ion Probe Facility
ÌÌNanoscale mass
spectrometry
ÌÌHigh-precision
isotope ratios
Visualisation
and Simulation
ÌÌData analysis
ÌÌImage processing
and reconstruction
Bioimaging Facility
spectral
imaging
ÌÌX-ray microcomputed
tomography
Specimen
Preparation
ÌÌBiological sciences
ÌÌCryogenic
preparation
ÌÌPhysical sciences
ÌÌMulti
Flow
Cytometry
ÌÌCell sorting
ÌÌPopulation analysis
Biological Mass
Spectrometry
ÌÌElectron and
chemical ionisation
ÌÌFast atom
bombardment
Optical and
Confocal Microscopy
ÌÌConfocal, multiphoton
and fluoresence
microscopy
ÌÌLaser microdissection
ÌÌLive cell imaging
ÌÌAutomated digital
histology
Techniques
The CMCA provides the capabilities to characterise
the continuum from atoms to small animals.
Feature Story
UWA expertise to aid international
nuclear inspections
from nuclear facilities around the
world to search for evidence of
undeclared uranium enrichment
activities.
The primary purpose of testing
is to police the UN nuclear nonproliferation treaty and monitor
nuclear capabilities by testing for
signs of potentially illicit uranium
enrichment facilities or weapons
development programs.
MR HERMAN NACKAERTS (IAEA) AND PROFESSOR PAUL JOHNSON (UWA VICE-CHANCELLOR).
On 23 October 2012 The University
of Western Australia became the
first university in the world to join the
United Nations international nuclear
verification program, using UWA’s
advanced ion microprobe technology
to help monitor global nuclear
safeguards. A high-level delegation
from the International Atomic Energy
Agency (IAEA), including the Deputy
Director General of the IAEA, Mr
Herman Nackaerts, the Section
Head, Department of Safeguards
(IAEA) Mr John Patten, and Dr Robert
Floyd, Director General, Australian
Safeguards & Non-Proliferation
Office (ASNO), took part in a signing
ceremony at the University. The IAEA
maintains a network of analytical
labs that monitor samples from areas
suspected of undisclosed use of
nuclear materials from the nuclear
fuel cycle.
The accreditation followed stringent
testing and certification of UWA’s
IMS 1280 ion microprobe at the
University’s world-class Centre for
Microscopy, Characterisation and
Analysis (CMCA). The IMS 1280
ion probe is a flagship capability
of the Australian Microscopy &
Microanalysis Research Facility
(AMMRF), and supported also by
AuScope and the WA Government.
The instrument will be used to
analyse micron-sized environmental
particles collected by IAEA inspectors
IMAGE / CAMECA IMS 1280 ION PROBE.
Material collected for analysis at
UWA will be dust-sized particles
containing minute amounts of
uranium – less than in a bottle of
spring water – and not classified as
nuclear or radioactive material under
international convention.
The samples require no special
shielding and will be screened for
radiation by the IAEA before being
sent for testing. UWA will not
receive any samples considered to
be radioactive.
UWA is the first university in the world
to gain accreditation to the Agency’s
Network of Analytical Laboratories,
which consists of members from six
countries, the European Union, and
the UN.
Research Highlights
Biomedical
sciences
p8
Earth
sciences
p12
Physical
sciences
p15
IMAGE: NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION FROM
THE FORELIMB (TRICEPS) OF A NEONATAL (P0)
WESTERN GREY KANGAROO, TAKEN ON NIKON A1SI
SPECTRAL DETECTOR CONFOCAL SYSTEM AT QEII.
IMAGE BY IVAN HONG, MURDOCH UNIVERSITY.
Biomedical sciences
The magnetic sense
Understanding how animals navigate
over both short and long distances is
central to defining the behaviour and
ecology of species and underpins our
ability to test cognition, memory and
communication.
Pigeons are famous for their
navigational abilities, relying on a
range of stimuli to find their way
home, often in conditions with
minimal visual information. For
many years, researchers have
demonstrated that these birds, and
many other animal species, are able
to utilise the Earth’s magnetic field as
a navigational aid, but exactly how
this is achieved remains one of the
great unsolved mysteries in biology.
A report from a German research
group in 2003, that rapidly became
dogma, suggested that ironcontaining cells found in the upper
beaks of pigeons were the proposed
magnetoreceptors. However, an
international team lead by Australian
Dr David Keays at the Institute of
Molecular Pathology in Vienna
showed conclusively that this is not
the case. Dr Jeremy Shaw and Prof.
Martin Saunders from the CMCA
assisted with the study, using a range
of analytical TEM methods to reexamine these cells, and concluded
that the iron minerals present were
inconsistent with that needed for
magnetoreception and were in fact
common macrophages (a type of
immune cell).
The new study, published in the
journal Nature, reset thinking in the
field of magnetoreception and calls
for the revision of a significant body
of research based on the original
findings from 2003. While the
pigeon’s ability to magnetorecept
remains valid, the exact anatomical
location and neurological basis of the
sense remains an open question.
C.D. Treiber, M.C. Salzer, J. Riegler,
N.Edelman, C.Sugar, M. Breuss, P. Pichler, H.
Cadiou, M. Saunders, M. Lythgoe, J. Shaw,
D.A. Keays, “Clusters of iron-rich cells in the
upper beak of pigeons are macrophages
not magnetosensitive neurons”, Nature 484
(7394) 367-370, 2012
Stem cells in breast milk
IMAGE / SINGLE CULTURED ALVEOLUS TAKEN ON THE
NIKON FLUORESCENT CONFOCAL MICROSCOPE AT
CMCA AT QEII.
The mammary gland is a very
unique organ in the human body,
and of great interest in stem cell
research, because it is one of few
that can undergo repeated cycles
of development and regression in
a mature adult. When a woman
becomes pregnant, the simple
network of ducts that makes up
the non-lactating mammary gland
start to branch and elongate, and
form milk-secreting ‘alveoli’ at their
ends. The result is an organ that,
when stimulated by infant suckling,
can produce all the components
required to nourish a growing baby
on demand – pretty amazing! After
breastfeeding is stopped, the body
clears the lactating cells and the
gland returns to its simple network
of ducts.
cells within the gland that evolve into
different functional types of cells.
The different cells that arise work
together to communicate signals
from the outside of the gland, like the
bloodstream or nervous system, to
control milk production and ejection.
Researchers at the School of
Biomedical, Biomolecular and
Chemical Sciences and the Centre
for Microscopy, Characterisation
and Analysis at The University of
Western Australia have shown that
this dramatic change in size and
architecture of the gland is fuelled
by proliferation of epithelial stem
The Image shown here is of a single
cultured alveolus taken on the Nikon
fluorescent confocal microscope
at CMCA@QEII. This particular
image is a cross section through
the middle of a whole alveolus,
showing a perimeter of stem cells
(red) surrounding a forming layer of
milk-secreting functional cells (green).
Researchers grew the milk-secreting
structures from stem cells harvested
from expressed breast milk. It is
thought that these stem cells are
exfoliated from the alveoli and ducts
by the stretching and contraction
forces as milk fills and empties from
the gland. They showed that when
a single one of these stem cells is
grown in specialized soft agar they
form alveoli that look almost identical
to the milk-producing alveoli in a
breast feeding woman.
Flow cytometry also performed at
CMCA@QEII was used to detect
cell surface marker expression and
characterize changes in the cell
phenotype over time in culture.
Analyzing the structures this way
has helped elucidate the process
of alveolus formation and to
investigate the factors that drive their
development from a single stem cell.
This work is published in the peerreviewed journal Stem Cells, on which
CMCA’s Tracey Lee-Pullen and Assoc
Prof Paul Rigby are co-authors.
E. Thomas, T. Lee-Pullen, P. Rigby, P.
Hartman, J. Xu, N. Reps: “Receptor
activator of NF-Κb Ligand promotes
proliferation of a putative mammary stem
cell unique to the lactating epithelium”,
Stem Cells, 11 (6), 1255-1264, 2012.
A BONE MARROW-DERIVED MACROPHAGE SEEDED
ON ALEXA568-LABELLED FIBRONECTIN AND
GELATIN, FIXED AND STAINED FOR F-ACTIN WITH
ALEXA488 PHALLOIDIN. THE IMAGE SHOWS THE
MACROPHAGE DEGRADING THE UNDERLYING
EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX THROUGH FORMATION
OF PODOSOMAL ROSETTES.
Understanding how cancer
spreads
Most cancer deaths are caused by
spread of the primary tumour to other
parts of the body in a process known
as metastasis. Therapeutic strategies
which could limit metastasis
represent an exciting potential
approach to preventing cancer
associated morbidity and mortality.
One of the mechanisms by which
tumour cells can become mobile
and metastasize is by subverting
the ability of the host immune
macrophages to invade tissue.
In response to a cancer growth,
macrophages will invade the tumour
and attempt to destroy it. However,
tumour cells express a molecule
called colony stimulating factor-1
(CSF-1), which binds to a receptor
(CSF-1R) on the macrophage surface.
Once this receptor is bound, the
host macrophages undergo specific
changes in motility and phenotype
to become Tumour Associated
Macrophages (TAMs). TAMs
assist tumour spread by secreting
epidermal growth factor (EGF) which
helps the tumour and TAF move to a
nearby blood vessels where they can
spread through the blood stream,
seeding cancers elsewhere in the
host. Without the macrophage, the
ability of the cancer to spread would
be greatly reduced.
By using specifically targeted
point mutations, the researchers
were able to pinpoint specific
signalling events which lead to
this characteristic morphology as
invading macrophages proliferate
and become TAFs. By specifically
switching off these signalling events,
the researchers were able to both
prevent TAM motility and limit tumour
cell invasion.
Associate Professor Fiona Pixley
and collaborators from the School
of Pharmacology and the Centre
for Microscopy, Characterisation
and Analysis at The University of
Western Australia combined broad
range of cytometry techniques at
CMCA, including time lapse, confocal
and TIRF immunofluorescence,
transmission and scanning electron
microscopy, to characterise the
specific changes in morphology
and motility of CSF-1 stimulated
macrophages.
These highly important
breakthroughs have been published
in the Journal of Biological Chemistry
and Cell Science 124, 2021-2031,
2011.
This breakthrough research has
both contributed to the fundamental
understanding of immune cell
signalling and motility, as well as
uncovering potential new therapeutic
targets in the treatment and
prevention of metastatic cancer.
THE CELL IS A GROWTH FACTOR STIMULATED
MACROPHAGE SHOWN SPREADING ON A
FIBRONECTIN COATED COVERSLIP. IMAGE
DEMONSTRATES NON-MUSCLE MYOSIN
CONTRACTION (GREEN - PMLC) ASSOCIATED WITH
THE F-ACTIN CYTOSKELETON (RED). NUCLEAR
STAINING IS DAPI.
Seeking to improve quality
of life for parkinson’s
sufferers
Parkinson’s patients have a great
deal of difficulty moving without
medication. The drug levodopa
restores their movement, but
with prolonged use side-effects
often develop. These include a
reduction in therapeutic duration
(‘on-time’) and jerky, involuntary
movements known as dyskinesia.
Dyskinesia is often confused as a
symptom of Parkinson’s disease,
when in fact it is a side-effect of
the treatment. It has been known
for some time that the drug most
commonly known as ‘ecstasy’,
methylenedioxymethamphetamine
(MDMA), ameliorates the side-effects
of levodopa therapy. MDMA has
no therapeutic potential because
it makes users ‘high’ and there is
also evidence that MDMA may be
neurotoxic, or at least responsible
for long-term, deleterious changes in
brain chemistry.
Associate Professor Matthew
Piggott’s research group, in
the School of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, has synthesized a
number of MDMA analogues (new
compounds with a similar chemical
structure to MDMA) with the aim
of retaining the beneficial effects of
MDMA, but removing its undesirable
attributes. The work has been carried
out in conjunction with Parkinson’s
disease experts in Toronto, and the
group of psychopharmacologist
Professor Mathew Martin-Iverson
at UWA. The most promising
analogue, UWA-101, is even more
effective than MDMA at enhancing
the quality of levodopa therapy. In
the best animal model of Parkinson’s
disease, UWA-101 lengthened the
therapeutic duration by up to 30%.
More importantly, UWA-101 increased
the proportion of on-time that was
of good quality (i.e. without disabling
dyskinesia) by 178%. If translated
to a medicine, this would mean that
Parkinson’s patients could take their
medication less frequently and get a
better quality result from it.
The work used the CMCA’s NMR
facility in the Bayliss building
managed by Associate Professor
Lindsay Byrne, to confirm the
structures of the synthetic
intermediates and drug candidates,
and featured on the ABC’s 7:30 WA
on 25th May 2012.
Johnston, T.H., Millar, Z., Huot, P., Wagg,
K., Thiele, S., Salomonczyk, D., YongKee, C.J., Gandy, M.N., McIldowie, M.,
Lewis, K.D., Gomez-Ramirez, J., Lee,
J., Fox, S.H., Martin-Iverson, M., Nash,
J.E., Piggott, M.J., Brotchie, J.M., A novel
MDMA analogue, UWA-101, that lacks
psychoactivity and cytotoxicity, enhances
L-DOPA benefit in parkinsonian primates,
FASEB Journal, 26, 2154-2163, 2012
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR PIGGOTT DISCUSSES POSSIBLE MODIFICATIONS TO THE MDMA SCAFFOLD WITH PHD CANDIDATE MICHAEL GANDY
(A MEMBER OF HIS RESEARCH GROUP).
Earth sciences
A discovery at The
University of Western
Australia may aid Curiosity
Rover on Mars
The discovery that microbes helped
shape rare spheres of iron-oxide on
Earth may aid the recent Curiosity
rover in its search for signs of extra terrestrial life in similar rocks on Mars.
Spherical iron-oxide concretions –
dubbed “blueberries”, due to their
size and shape – were first found on
the red planet in 2004 by an earlier
NASA robotic probe – Opportunity –
providing some of the first evidence
for liquid water on Mars. Earth-based
analogues for these “blueberries”
are found in the Jurassic Navajo
Sandstone near the Colorado
River, Utah, where the concretions
range in size from small marbles to
cannonballs and consist of a hard
shell of iron oxide surrounding a
softer sandy interior.
Dr David Wacey and Assoc.
Professor Matt Kilburn, in
collaboration with scientists from
the University of Nebraska, used the
Cameca NanoSIMS 50 to show a
clear relationship between microbelike forms and concentrations of
biological elements such as carbon
and nitrogen in the terrestrial ironoxide concretions. Their findings
feature on the front cover of
the August 2012 issue of the journal Geology.
Previous theories suggested these
concretions were formed by simple,
non-biological chemical reactions.
However, the new data show
clear evidence that microbes were
essential in their formation. This
raises the possibility that Martian
“blueberries” may not only reveal that
water was present on Mars – but also
life too.
K. A. Weber, T. L. Spanbauer, D. Wacey,
M. Kilburn, D.B. Loope, R.M. Kettler
“Biosignatures link microorganisms to iron
mineralization in a paleoaquifer” Geology,
40 (8) 747-750, 2012
IMAGE RIGHT PAGE (L-R) / PLANE-POLARISED
LIGHT IMAGE OF FRERE GRANULAR IRON
FORMATION.
GLOBAL DEPOSITION OF IRON FORMATIONS TO
MANTLE SUPERPLUME VOLCANISM.
PLANE POLARISED LIGHT IMAGE OF EUHEDRAL
Throughout time, microbes have
adapted to survive in some unlikely,
and potentially hostile, environments,
scavenging nutrients and deriving
energy from the meagre sources
available. These microbes used
Siderite, an iron carbonate mineral,
as an energy and carbon source.
Over geological time scales, most
biological signatures (e.g., DNA or
organic biomarker molecules) are
lost, but the presence of biological
elements and the carbon isotope
signature should be preserved,
assuming that no extraneous forces
were at work to remove or alter them
(e.g., geological metamorphism, or
weathering). If the surface of Mars
has been largely inactive for the past
4 billion years, then the ‘blueberries’
may represent the intact fossilised
remains of microbial activity.
ZIRCON CRYSTAL IN CHLORITISED TUFF.
What a difference a date makes:
global deposition of iron formations in response
to mantle superplume volcanism
A new study published in the
journal Nature in April, 2012,
provides a possible explanation
for the puzzling reappearance
of major iron formations long
after the rise in atmospheric
oxygen about 2.4 billion years
ago, which should have ended
their deposition.
Iron formations are unique
sedimentary rocks with no modern
analogue. Most iron formations were
deposited in the oceans before free
oxygen first accumulated in Earth’s
atmosphere about 2.4 billion years
ago (the so-called Great Oxidation
Event), and are characterized by
interlayering of iron and silica-rich
bands. However, after a gap of
about 500 million years, major iron
formations re-emerged, although the
younger iron formations are mostly
composed of iron-rich granules
and silica. The re-occurrence of
major iron formations has been an
enduring enigma because the buildup
of oxygen in the atmosphere and
hydrosphere after the Great Oxidation
Event should have prevented iron
formations from developing.
Major iron formations about 1.91.8 billion years old are found in
both North America and Australia.
The North American deposits have
been accurately dated to 1.88 billion
years, however, the Australian iron
formations, the Frere Formation in
the Earaheedy Basin, were thought
to be significantly younger, i.e., about
1.84 billion years. Therefore, it was
uncertain whether the younger, postoxidation iron formations provided
information about the composition
of the global ocean or conditions in
restricted or closed basins.
Researchers from Curtin University,
the University of Manitoba, CMCA at
and the Geological Survey of
Western Australia, led by Prof. Birger
Rasmussen, discovered cm-thick
beds of volcanic ash in drill cores
from the Frere Formation. They
were able to date zircon crystals in
the ash beds, using the Sensitive
High-Resolution Ion Micro Probes
(SHRIMPs) at Curtin University, to
show that the Frere Formation was
deposited at the same time as the
iron formations in North America.
Therefore, the deposition of iron
formations on two different continents
was synchronous 1.9 billion years ago
and probably reflects the composition
of the global ocean.
The deposition of iron formations
requires seawater that is rich in
dissolved iron but contains little or
no oxygen below the surface water
layer. (This is why iron formations
are not deposited from modern
oxygenated seawater.) The deposition
of major iron formations at about 1.9
billion years ago shows a remarkable
correlation in time with a short-lived
but intense interval of global basaltic
igneous activity, a possible mantle
superplume event. The researchers
propose that extensive, plume-related
basaltic magmatism on land and
in the ocean basins released vast
volumes of iron into the global ocean,
overwhelming the supply of oxygen
and promoting the deposition of
iron formations across the world. If
correct, this means that processes
deep within the Earth radically
changed the chemistry of the global
ocean, although the atmosphere was
not affected.
The equally dramatic disappearance
of iron formations some 40 million
years later can be explained as a
consequence of rapidly waning
igneous activity that allowed the
ocean to become dominated by
seawater oxidants once more, such
that iron formations could no longer
be deposited. These findings not
only explain the sudden appearance
and disappearance of major iron
formations about 1.9 billion years
ago, but also provide an explanation
for the preservation of an oxygen-rich
atmosphere above an oxygen-poor
ocean at this time.
The interactions between deep
Earth processes and the surface
environment leave subtle clues
in the chemistry of sedimentary
and volcanic rocks. Precise
geochronology is the key to
deciphering these clues and
understanding the relationships
between the chemistry of the
hydrosphere and atmosphere, and
the deep Earth, which can provide
insights into significant changes in the
evolution of the Earth.
This study was funded by the
Australian Research Council and the
West Australian Government through
the Exploration Incentive (Royalties
for Regions) scheme.
B. Rasmussen, I.R. Fletcher, A. Bekker,
J.R. Muhling, C. J. Gregory, A.M. Thorne.
Published as a Letter, Nature, 484,
498-501 April 26, 2012
Mobilization of Ti, Zr and
Th in a laterite profile,
Jarrahdale, Western
Australia
The elements titanium, zirconium and
thorium are commonly considered
to be immobile in most geological
environments. Because of their
supposed immobility, they are
used as references to evaluate
the movement of other elements
in studies of chemical fluxes in
Earth materials. However, their
mobility during weathering is not
well understood, and therefore it is
important to understand more about
their behaviour in surface settings so
that element mobility in soil profiles,
for example, can be evaluated. To this
end, PhD student Xin Du, under the
supervision of Assoc. Prof. Andrew
Rate and Dr Mary Gee from the
School of Earth and Environment at
The University of Western Australia,
has completed a study of the mode
of occurrence and mobility of Ti, Zr
and Th in a laterite profile developed
over granite at Jarrahdale, Western
Australia. (Laterite is a residuum of
intense surface weathering of primary
rocks. Characteristically red in colour,
it is composed of secondary oxides
of iron and aluminium, as well as
quartz and kaolinite.)
The mobility of Ti, Zr and Th has
been assessed at both the mineral
and profile scales and the mode of
occurrence has been investigated
through the combined use of
geochemical data from bulk samples,
and in-situ data determined by
scanning electron microscopy (SEM),
electron probe microanalysis (EPMA)
at CMCA, and synchrotron X-ray
powder diffraction (SXRD).
(ThSiO4), the main host for Th, also
contains ~10% Zr. In addition to
the main hosts, a range of other
accessory minerals contain minor to
trace amounts of Ti, Zr and Th.
In the laterite, titanite is not seen and
Ti is located in ilmenite and the TiO2
polymorphs rutile and anatase. Zircon
remains the main host of Zr, but Zr
was also found in a poorly crystalline
phase associated with Ce forming a
rim and coating around Al-Fe matrix
in pores in the laterite. Thorite is
altered in the laterite, and released
Th is precipitated in secondary Rare
Earth Element phosphates such
as florencite and rhabdophane.
In addition, up to 5% Th was
incorporated in neoformed, poorly
crystalline phases in the laterite,
demonstrating the mobilization and redistribution of Th on the
sample scale.
Xin is now at the School of
Environmental Studies, China
University of Geosciences. Her
study shows that the stability of the
primary minerals during weathering
is the main control on the mobility
and redistribution of Ti, Zr and Th.
It demonstrates that Ti, Zr and Th
are mobile on a variety of scales in
the laterite profile, and this needs
to be considered when evaluating
the fluxes of other elements during
intense weathering. Outcomes from
this research have been published in
Chemical Geology*.
X. Du, A.W. Rate, M.A.M. Gee.
“Redistribution and mobilization of titanium,
zirconium and thorium in an intensely
weathered lateritic profile in Western
Australia”, Chemical Geology, 330-331,
101-115, 2012
IMAGE / X-RAY ELEMENT MAPS FROM THE CMCA
In the parent rock, Ti is located
in titanite (CaTiSiO5) and ilmenite
(FeTiO3 ), Zr is predominantly hosted
by zircon (ZrSiO4) and thorite
MICROPROBE SHOWING THE DISTRIBUTION OF
ZR, AL, CE AND FE IN NEWLY FORMED, POORLY
CRYSTALLINE MINERALS IN LATERITE.
Chemical Communications of Royal
Society of Chemistry.
Physical
sciences
Xianjue Chen et al. Chem. Commun.
48, 3703–3705, 2012
How to build an
artificial nose
The world thinnest material
Graphene is a wonder material that
promises to transform the future.
Graphene is made of carbon atoms
arranged in a honeycomb structure.
It is the world’s thinnest, strongest
and most conductive material,
and promises a range of diverse
applications; from smartphones and
ultrafast broadband to drug delivery
and computer chips.
Two Russian-émigré scientists at
the University of Manchester who
won their joint Nobel prize in physics
for graphene discovery in 2010,
used sticky Scotch tape to peel off
one atom thick layer of graphene
from graphite block. Currently, the
synthesis of large-scale graphene
involves either epitaxial deposition
on silicon carbide or deposition
on nickel with followed chemical
exfoliation (separation) of graphene.
This exfoliation necessity triggered
chemical researchers to find more
efficient/practical ways to produce
graphene sheets.
UWA Prof. Raston’s research team
is focusing on chemical engineering
and has developed a method for
graphene sheets separation that
reduced chances of defects formation
and chemical degradation in
graphene. Their investigations using
transmission electron microscope
(TEM) at CMCA revealed the size,
shape and crystal structure of the
separated graphene sheets produced
by the new method. The work has
been published in high-impact journal
Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems,
or MEMS, is a technology that can
be defined as miniaturised electromechanical devices and structures
that are made using microfabrication.
The physical dimensions of MEMS
chips can vary from well below
one micron all the way to several
millimeters. The types of MEMS
devices can vary from relatively
simple structures having no moving
elements, to extremely complex
electromechanical systems with
multiple moving elements under the
control of integrated microelectronics.
MEMS technology is enabling new
discoveries in many sciences such
as biotechnology, medicine, and
communications.
The PhD research project of
Gino Putrino from the School of
Electrical, Electronic and Computer
Engineering, is aimed at helping
to build biological and chemical
sensors. The project is focused on
micro-electro-mechanical (MEMS)
sensors that can detect spoiled
fruit, explosives in your suitcase,
or even lung cancer. In his twominute cartoon which can be seen
IMAGE / TEM IMAGES OF FULLY SEPAR ATED AND PARTIALLY SEPAR ATED GR APHENE SHEETS WITH CORRESPONDING DIFFR ACTION PAT TERN AND AFM
IMAGE OF GR APHENE.
(A)
(B)
IMAGE / SEM IMAGES OF SURFACE MORPHOLOGIES OF HYDROX YAPATITE-BASED COATINGS BEFORE (A) AND ( B ) AFTER THE
BIOLOGICAL CELLS GROW TH.
on YouTube PhD TV Gino called the
MEMS sensor “artificial nose”. Gino
was one of 12 winners of a worldwide competition for researchers to
reduce their work to simple visual
ideas that can be understood by
everybody.
Plasma enhanced chemical vapour
deposition (PECVD) silicon nitride
was used as the structural material
to fabricate MEMS chips for ‘artificial
nose’. The structural integrity of the
MEMS components determines
primary functionality of the sensor.
The power of scanning electron
microscopy in these studies is
twofold. Firstly, SEM can examine the
complex structure and visualise the
functional components of “artificial
nose” device. Secondly, it can
measure local composition at high
resolution. The work was published
in the Photonics Technology Letters
Journal.
Putrino et al.,IEEE Photonics Technology
Letters, 24 (24) 2243-2246, 2012
Tissue engineering for
bones repairs
Tissue/organ repair has been the
ultimate goal of surgery from ancient
times to the present. A revolutionary
shift is taking place in medicine from
using synthetic implants to a tissue
engineering approach that uses
degradable porous material scaffolds
integrated with biological cells or
molecules to regenerate tissues. This
new approach requires scaffolds that
balance mechanical function with cell
transport to aid biological delivery
and tissue regeneration.
Professor Xiaozhi Hu from the
School of Mechanical Engineering at
UWA is exploring possible material
systems for tissue engineering, driven
by potential applications such as
orthopedic and dental applications.
This research requires the capability
to grow coatings with a targeted
structure and determine the structure
of the coatings in the scanning
electron microscope. The research
has found that bending strengths of
the micro-porous hydroxyapatitebased coatings could match those
of surrounding natural bones.
Potentially, the composite can be
used for bone replacement implants.
The work has been published in
Journal of American Ceramic Society.
R Sultana et al., Journal of American
Ceramic Society, 95 (4). 1212–1215, 2012
Research training,
teaching and usage
2011 training
The CMCA expanded its training programme in
2012 to reflect the incorporation of the facilities
in CMCA@Bayliss and the addition of the ANFFfunded XRD in CMCA@Physics. Attendance of
the Centre’s training courses remained steady
compared to 2011 numbers at 328 participants.
The number of participants in advanced
electron microscopy workshops was 48.
Total
1 TO 1
111
CONF/OPT
60
EDS
40
FLOW
53
SEM
55
TEM
51
Total
2012 training
1 TO 1
76
CONF/OPT
52
EDS
46
FLOW
52
MS
6
SEM
86
EELS
Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy
15
EFTEM
Energy-filtered TEM
13
HRTEM
High resolution TEM
9
TEM
37
11
XRD
49
SAD
Selected area diffraction
Demand for CMCA facilities continued to grow with a ~10% increase in usage for the main facilities at
CMCA@Physics and CMCA@QEII. The first full year of reporting of usage at the newly-incorporated
CMCA@Bayliss site resulted in almost twenty seven thousand hours being recorded. This brought the
total usage figure for 2012 to more than fifty four thousand hours.
2011 instrument usage in hours: 33,907
2012 instrument usage in hours: 54,484
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
FLOW
OPT/CONF
SIMS
SEM
SPM
1 to 1
One-on-one teaching
MS
Mass Spectrometry
CONF/OPT
Confocal/Optical Microscopy
SEM
Scanning Electron Microscopy
EDS
Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy
TEM
Transmission Electron Microscopy
FLOW
Flow Cytometry
XRD
X-ray Diffraction
NMR
Nuclear Magnetic Ressonace
BIF
Bioimaging Facility
XRD
MS@BAY
Xcalibur
XRD @
BAY
in vivo CT
AV600
NMR@ BAY
Gemini
AV400
AV500
AV300
Waters LCT Premier
Waters GCT Premier
Autospec
Shimadzu GCMS QP2010
Empyrean
JEOL2100
TEM
JEOL 3000
JEOL2000
SPM D3000
Zeiss1555-SP Cryo
TESCAN
Zeiss 1555
Philips XL30
JEOL6400
JEOL8530F EPMA
Nano SIMS50
Zeiss Stereo
Nano IMS1280
Scan Scope
Zeiss Axioskop
Olympus IMT2
PALM LCM & Tweezers
Nikon A1
Olympus Bh2 Upright
Luminex
Leica MP
FACSCanto II@MUR
FACSCanto II
FACSCanto II Rntd
FACSCalibur@ RPH
FACSCalibur@ Baybliss
FACSCalibur
Cell Sorting BD Influx
0
BIF
Industry
and Impact
CMCA has a long history of partnering with industry from small
scale analysis, instrument hire and training of individuals, to large
scale consulting and complex research contracts worth hundreds of
thousands of dollars.
Access is tailored to the needs of your organisation or project and we
welcome queries on how we can apply our expertise and world class
instrumentation to your problem solving initiatives.
Energy and Minerals
ÌÌ Alcoa
World Alumina
ÌÌ ALS Ammtec
ÌÌ Atlas Iron
ÌÌ AusQuest
ÌÌ BHP Billiton
ÌÌ Crossland Resources
ÌÌ CSIRO Earth Science & Resource
Engineering
ÌÌ Fortescue Metals Group
ÌÌ Geological Survey of WA
ÌÌ Geological Survey NT
ÌÌ Goldfields Mine Management
ÌÌ Manhattan Corporation
ÌÌ Oilfield Production Technologies
ÌÌ Paladin Resources
ÌÌ Pterodia
ÌÌ Thundelarra Exploration
ÌÌ United States Geological Service
Environmental and
Engineering
ÌÌ Analytical
Reference Laboratories
Gardens and Parks
Authority
ÌÌ Department of Agriculture
and Food
ÌÌ Envirolab Services
ÌÌ Matrix Composites and
Engineering
ÌÌ Orbital Engineering
ÌÌ PIHA
ÌÌ Site Environmental and
Remediation Services
ÌÌ SLR Consulting Australia
ÌÌ TSW Analytical
ÌÌ Woodside Energy
ÌÌ Biomedical and Miscellaneous
ÌÌ Antaria
ÌÌ Fertility Specialists of WA
ÌÌ National Measurement Institute
ÌÌ Phylogica
ÌÌ Pivet
ÌÌ Proteomics International
ÌÌ Western Australian Museum
Woodside Energy
– applied research
for improved sub-sea
engineering design
Woodside Energy is one
company looking at ways in
which they can better inform
the current design approach to
sub-sea electrical connectors,
which are crucial components
to offshore operations. Work at the CMCA was
critical to understanding the
potential of problems such as
biofilm build-up in these harsh
environments. The outcomes
of this research has better
informed the direction of the
design team in terms of how
to engineer the build of future
components.
ÌÌ Botanic
The CMCA was suited to this
type of applied research due
to the ability of the Centre to
utilise its academic research
expertise and compare results
across a number of imaging
techniques, including SEM and
Optical/ Confocal. An additional
bonus was the ability to call
on expert research knowledge
from within The University of
Western Australia which gave
unique insights into the ideas
under scrutiny. International
ÌÌ International
Atomic Energy
Agency (IAEA)
IMAGE / CULTURED ALVEOLUS TAKEN ON THE NIKON
FLUORESCENT CONFOCAL MICROSCPE
AT CMCA TAKEN BY FIONA PIXLEY.
Research Highlights
Grants
success
p20
Grants
success
ARC LIEF
The CMCA has been particularly
successful in 2012, receiving $2.68m
of funding through four ARC LIEF
grant applications. In addition to
the four grants, Jeremy Shaw was
awarded a DECRA and Peta Clode
received a Discovery grant. This was
a great result for the CMCA as well as
for the individuals concerned.
We acknowledge the leadership of
Kathy Heel, Martin Saunders and
Peta Clode in preparing the CMCA
applications. Curtin University’s
Mark Ogden and Marius Martyniuk
from School of Electrical, Electronic
and Computer Engineering at The
University of Western Australia also
deserve a mention for their valuable
input into the successful outcome for
the Atomic Force Microscope suite.
Top press picks
Following on from CMCA’s 2010
report, the Royal Society of Biological
Sciences paper on the preservation
of ancient DNA in fossil eggshells has
come up trumps as one of the top 10
downloaded articles for the journal
from 2010.
C.L. Oskam, J. Haile, E. McLay, P. Rigby,
M.E. Allentoft, M.E. Olsen, C. Bengtsson,
G.H. Miller, J-L. Schwenninger, C. Jacomb,
R. Walter, A. Baynes, J. Dortch, M. ParkerPearson, M. Thomas P. Gilbert, R.N.
Holdaway, E. Willerslev and M. Bunce ,
Fossil avian eggshell preserves ancient
DNA, Proceedings of the Royal Society
of Biological Sciences 1471-2954,
March 2010.
A fifth ARC LIEF success was
achieved with Matt Kilburn and
Brendan Griffin as CI’s on the Curtin
Aztec EBSD bid, led by Steve Reddy.
NHMRC Project Grant
Paul Rigby from CMCA will be
working with Dr Anthony Kicic
and Professors Stephen Stick and
Daryl Knight, looking at ‘Defective
cell migration as a mechanism of
dysregulated asthmatic airway repair’.
The team was successful in obtaining
a NHMRC Project grant of $595,430.
CMCA researchers David Wacey,
Matt Kilburn, John Cliff and Martin
Saunders were co-authors of a
Nature Geoscience paper published
in August 2011. The paper entitled
‘Microfossils of sulfur-metabolizing
cells in 3.4 billion-year-old rocks of
Western Australia’ described the
discovery of Earth’s oldest convincing
microfossils. It was picked up by
much of the world’s media with
around 10,000 articles covering
the story in the first few weeks after
publication. This has been followed
up with inclusion in several new
textbooks and popular science books
in 2012, including ‘The Wonders of
Life’ accompanying a major BBC
TV series. It was also selected as
the August highlight for the 12 most
important science & nature events
of 2011 by the BBC, alongside
events such as the Japan tsunami
and the first glimpse of the Higgsboson www.bbc.co.uk/news/
science-environment-15531040.
IMAGE / MOUSE HIPPOCAMPUS TAKEN BY ELEANOR
DRUMMOND ON LEICA MPCC CMCA.
Centre Highlights
Staff
p26
prevalence of chronic suppurative
otitis media in the world (70 per
cent in some remote communities).
Dr Thornton’s ongoing research
in devising a strategy to make
antibiotics effective is set to save
almost $3 million every year in
lowered treatment costs. This
will lead to healthier Australians –
particularly Aboriginal children.
On a completely different subject,
but no less important in the scientific
world, a team led by Murdoch
University’s Dr Michael Bunce and
including UWA’s Associate Professor
Paul Rigby was able to extract
enough DNA from 19,000-year old
fossilised eggshells to help unravel
the puzzle of evolution and link
genetic information to changes in the
environments in which birds live.
Their work even raises the possibility
of one day bringing extinct species
back to life!
IMAGE / FOSSIL AVIAN EGGSHELL STAINED FOR DNA TAKEN BY PAUL RIGBY, USING THE BIO-RAD MRC.
CMCA Review
As part of the University’s regular
cyclical review process, the Centre
for Microscopy, Characterisation and
Analysis underwent a rigorous review
process culminating in a three-day
series of interviews conducted by the
Review Panel in October 2012.
The panellists provided much positive
feedback during the review. The final
recommendations are due as we go
to press.
Lotterywest “Wake”
In the late 1990s, The Centre for
Microscopy, Characterisation
and Analysis (CMCA) received a
substantial grant from Lotterywest.
The funds were used to purchase
state-of-the-art microscopes to
enable researchers to carry out
medical research on cells, the
building blocks of the human body.
On 8 August 2012, CMCA held a
function to retire those instruments,
and celebrate the fantastic results
achieved by researchers over the
years. Lotterywest CEO Jan Stewart
and Board Members Andrea Hall and
Gary Trinder attended to find out first
hand just what had been achieved.
Professor David Sampson, Director
of the CMCA, introduced researchers
Nathan Pavlos and Ruth Thornton,
who spoke about their work.
Dr Ruth Thornton used the confocal
microscope to investigate middleear infections (otitis media). This
major health problem in Indigenous
communities can lead to permanent
hearing loss. Indigenous Australian
children account for the highest
These and many other exciting and
important research projects (leading
to numerous scientific articles
published by Western Australian
researchers over the last few years)
would not have been possible
without Lotterywest’s original grant.
Beyond attracting and supporting
some of the world’s best scientists
and medical researchers, the grant
has enabled the CMCA to support
researchers right across the scientific
frontier on everything from climate
change, to coral reefs and the
hydrogen economy.
IMAGE / CAPEWEED (ARCTOTHECA CALENDULA) –
IMAGE / TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROGRAPH OF A MICRO-MESOPOROUS SILICA COMPOSITE. TAKEN BY
FLOWER STAMEN AND POLLEN.
CHEE LING TONG.
Why did scientists from
Nebraska choose to work
with UWA?
This was Karrie’s first step into the
paleo world and she knew she had
a learning curve ahead of her. Thus,
she decided to contact a facility with
demonstrated success in identifying
microbial fossils. After much
searching, Karrie selected the CMCA
at The University of Western Australia
as the facility and collaborators that
she would most likely identify with.
Karrie A. Weber, Assistant
Professor in the School of Biological
Sciences, Department of Earth
and Atmospheric Sciences at the
University of Nebraska, spent quite
a bit of time in choosing a facility in
which to work.
Her decision to come to The
University of Western Australia
was made based on the CMCA’s
Dave Wacey and his demonstrated
experience and success using
NanoSIMS to identify microbial fossils.
In Karrie’s experience, working with
living or preserved living specimens
associated with a mineral matrix is
different from working with a fossil.
“The basic tools may be similar but I
envisioned that there would be other
challenges that would likely present”,
said Karrie. “I thought NanoSIMS
would be a great tool to apply to
our research”.
The collaboration was certainly
a success and Karrie was thankful
to everyone for their contribution
and assistance.
Images of Distinction
Associate Professor Paul Rigby was
awarded an “Image of Distinction”
in the Nikon Small World 2012
competition. His image was placed in
the top 100 places in the competition.
Small World is regarded as the
leading forum for showcasing the
beauty and complexity of life as
seen through the light microscope.
The Photomicrography Competition
is open to anyone with an interest in
microscopy and photography.
Best Materials Science
Image
An award in an AMMRF-sponsored
micrograph competition, with over
100 submissions, was won by Chee
Ling Tong, a student at UWA. Chee
Ling's materials science image, taken
at CMCA, for a transmission electron
micrograph of a micro-mesoporous
silica composite won her the award,
which was presented to her by
Professor David Sampson at the joint
Australian Conference on Microscopy
and Microanalysis (ACMM22),
Asia-Pacific Microscopy Conference
(APMC10) and 2012 International
Conference on Nanoscience and
Nantechnology (ICONN2012) in
February 2012.
Associate Professor Andy
Johnson puts his image on
a stamp - Cystallography
Associate Professor Andrew Johnson
from the CMCA was honoured to
have one of his images, a falsecolour convergent beam electron
diffraction pattern from strontium
titanate (SrTiO3 ) near the 001
Zone Axis, selected to be used
in a commemorative stamp issue
to celebrate 100 Years of X-Ray
Crystallography.
November 2012 marks the
centenary of the founding of X-ray
crystallography by Lawrence Bragg,
a field in which he and his father,
William Henry Bragg, made preeminent contributions that were
recognised by the award of the Nobel
Prize for Physics in 1915.
IMAGE / FALSE-COLOUR CONVERGENT BEAM
ELECTRON DIFFRACTION PATTERN FROM STRONTIUM
TITANATE (SRTIO3 ) NEAR THE 001 ZONE AXIS.
DR JEREMY SHAW AND ASSISTANT PROFESSOR LECIA KHOR MANNING THE STAND AT MEET THE SCIENTIST.
On tour with Incredible
Inner Space
Venture into the micro world of
human anatomy and animals with
teeth reinforced with iron, scales
that reflect light and velvet ‘fingers’
on their skin captured by scientists
from the Australian Microscopy and
Microanalysis Research Facility.
After its successful three-month
display at Questacon, where over
92,000 people saw it, the touring
exhibition ‘Incredible Inner Space’
was then viewed by more than
40,000 visitors at Scitech in Perth
between January and August 2012.
Ms Alison Fowler, Scitech’s Science
Programs Coordinator, organised
several Meet the Scientist events with
CMCA staff.
Hands-on activities allowed scientists
to engage Western Australians with
cutting-edge science relevant to their
lives. The CMCA’s Dr Jeremy Shaw
and Assistant Professor Lecia Khor
spent time on the Meet the Scientist
desk answering queries from
the public.
Lights, Camera, Action!
Movie making came to CMCA
in December when CMCA was
chosen to appear in the University’s
Centenary advertisement, aired on
TV in early 2013. Members of the
CMCA’s ion probe facility were filmed
in the lab working on the CAMECA
IMS 1280 ion probe.
Part of the ‘Incredible Inner Space’
exhibition is also shown online at the
ABC Science website.
PhD student Adriana
Botero wins best poster
award
PhD student Adriana Botero,
who is based at Murdoch
University, won best poster in the
‘Understanding disease’ category at
the 2012 Murdoch Poster Day and
received $250. Adriana is supervised
by the CMCA’s Associate Professor
Peta Clode.
Staff
Associate
Professor
Matthew Linden
Matthew started
with CMCA in
September 2012,
returning to
UWA where his
research career began with a PhD in
Pathology in 2003. He comes from
RMIT University in Melbourne where
he served as an academic in the
School of Medical Sciences. Matthew
founded and led the RMIT University
flow cytometry core facility, which
grew to support more than 60 users
with 4 instruments over 2 campuses
and more than 1000 hours of beam
time booked each year. At RMIT he
also led work integrated learning
programs in the biopharmaceutical
sciences and taught courses on
haematology, drug development,
drug regulation and clinical trials.
Prior to RMIT, Matt was a postdoc
and then instructor at The Centre for
Platelet Function Studies at University
of Massachusetts Medical School,
which became the Centre for Platelet
Research at Harvard Medical School.
Matthew’s research interest is in
the field of thrombosis. It includes
using flow cytometry of platelets
to guide therapy in diabetes and
heart disease, developing new and
emerging anti-platelet strategies,
and understanding the role of the
interaction of platelet with other
cells in the development of heart
disease. Dr Linden leads funded
projects which focus on this, but
also collaborates on a diverse range
of other projects involving flow
cytometry.
Dr Rong Liu
Graduating in
Physics from the
National University
of Singapore,
Rong has 26
years’ experience
on SIMS analysis of various types
of materials. He has co-authored 67
published journal papers, and 67
conference presentations.
In 1984 Rong joined Tianjin Electronic
Materials Research Institute working
on application aspects of SIMS in
microelectonic materials and related
fields then in 1996 he was a Senior
Visiting Scholar at Laval University,
Canada. From 1998-2005, he had
been with the Surface Science Lab of
the National University of Singapore.
His research activities concentrate
on application of SIMS in physics,
chemistry, materials, and related
fields. From 2005-2010, he worked
as SIMS lab manager at University
of Manitoba and had concentrated
his effort on SIMS isotope ratio
measurements for research projects
in geological, archaeological and
environmental sciences. Over the
past few years Rong’s interests have
turned to SIMS imaging application in
metals and biomedical materials.
Assistant
Professor Laure
Martin
Laure completed
her PhD in Nancy
at the Centre
de Recherche
Pétrographique et Géochimique
(CRPG, France) on the significance of
zircon U-Pb ages in the metamorphic
rocks from Naxos and Ikaria
(Greece), after graduating in Earth
Sciences at the University Paris XI in
France. This gave the opportunity for
Laure to work on the SIMS Cameca
1270 to perform U-Pb dating in zircon
as well as oxygen isotopes in zircon
and garnet.
She has mainly worked in
experimental petrology, first at
Macquarie University and then at
the ANU, covering topics related to
element cycling in subduction zones.
Laure continued to work on natural
rocks with the study of eclogites from
various localities to understand fluid
history in these rocks.
Laure has a broad geology
background, but her speciality is
in metamorphic petrology. She
tries to combine fine textural
analysis of minerals with in-situ
chemical andisotopic analysis to
reconstruct rock histories and answer
questions such as element transfer
in subduction zones, ore deposit
formation and mountain
belt evolutions.
Mr Francesc
Tinto
Francesc
successfully
completed a
B.Sc. of Physics
at the University
of Barcelona in Spain followed by an
Engineering degree at the National
School of Higher Education in Physics
of Strasbourg (ENSPS), Louis Pasteur
University, France. He completed
his studies with the Master of Space
Studies at the International Space
University in Strasbourg, France.
During the last nine years Francesc
has worked on various types of
optical instruments in the Optical
Instrumentation Department at the
French Space Agency (CNES) in
Toulouse, France. He was appointed
as Camera Manager for the Venµs
satellite project seven years ago,
commencing with the preliminary
design phase. Since then he has
carried out the technical follow-up
of the camera development which
is now in the late integration and
test phase. His responsibilities
included the technical management
of the camera with a team of
CNES experts in coordination with
the industrial prime contractor.
The Venµs camera is an imaging
super-spectral radiometer in the
visible and near IR, Francesc was
previously involved in the final testing
and in-orbit commissioning of the
Infrared Imaging Radiometer (IIR),
an uncooled thermal IR radiometer
onboard the Calipso satellite, as well
as the development of a breadboard
for a Static Fourier Transform
spectrometer.
Ms Alysia
Buckley
Alysia studied at
UWA, graduating
with a Bachelor
of Science
(Biomedical
Science) with Honours in
Pharmacology (2007), where her
study focused on the role of guidance
cues in the developing retina. During
this period, Alysia was first exposed
to the CMCA, working on the BioRad
UV Confocal microscope. Following
this, she worked as a Graduate
Research Assistant in the Spinal
Cord Research Laboratory, within the
School of Anatomy, Physiology and
Human Biology from 2008 to 2012,
where her interest was on the use of
human bone marrow stromal cells in
spinal cord injury repair.
IMAGE (L-R) / 100UM-THICK SECTIONS OF A NEW
PERENNIAL HERBACEOUS PASTURE LEGUME.
STEMS WERE PREPARED ON A VIBRATOME AND
IMAGES TAKEN ON THE ZEISS AXIOSKOP OPTICAL
MICROSCOPE. IMAGES: PETA CLODE.
THREE SEBACEOUS GLANDS SURROUND THE
HAIR FOLLICLE AND WILL EMPTY THEIR GREASY
GLOBULES (WHITE) ONTO THE HAIR BY PAUL RIGBY.
NANOFIBRES OF CHITOSAN, DERIVED FROM
CRUSTACEAN EXOSKELETONS. IMAGE BY MICHAEL
BRADSHAW.
TEETH OF CHITON, A PRIMITIVE MARINE MOLLUSC
THAT EATS ALGAE OFF THE ROCKS. IMAGE BY
JEREMY SHAW.
ANTARTIC 'HAIR GRASS' ROOT CROSS-SECTION,
SHOWING THE ARRANGEMENT OF CELLS. IMAGE
BY PETA CLODE.
Alysia started at the CMCA in July
2012 to provide assistance in the
Optical and Confocal imaging area,
and to provide backup support
in Flow Cytometry. She is also
fractionally appointed on an NHMRC
research grant examining the role of
epithelial integrity in asthma which
will involve extensive immunolabelling
and ex-vivo whole mount confocal
and multiphoton microscopy.
Sean Webb
Sean is the
Centre Manager
of the Centre
for Microscopy,
Characterisation
and Analysis.
His career has progressed in
business development, project and
administration management roles
through industries such as Aircraft
Leasing and Operations, Finance and
the Tertiary Education and Research
Sector. Previously, he managed the
WA Geothermal Centre of Excellence
at UWA which was a collaborative
Centre partnering with the CSIRO
and Curtin University, supported
by the WA Dept. of Commerce.
Sean has gained over 18 years of
experience through these roles and
enjoys the challenge of understanding
both the strategic and administrative
aspects of an industry/ project which
can then be used to achieve high
performance.
Besides his commercial experience,
he holds a BBS(Hons) degree, is a
graduate of the Australian Institute of
Company Directors, a Fellow of Finsia
and an MBA graduate from UWA. He
is also Chair of the SEA Board, the
peak body for sustainable energy in
Western Australia.
Ms Elizabeth
Albert
Liz joined CMCA
as Executive
Assistant to the
Director in June
2011. She has
had a varied career working in senior
administrative positions both in the
UK and in Australia. Since coming
to Perth Liz has held Executive
Assistant/Personal Assistant
positions in a range of industries,
including gaming and hospitality,
community aged care, community
disability care and three universities
in Perth. Liz has proven to be a
valuable asset in the Centre through
supporting the Director’s office
and also fulfilling a key role in the
administration team.
Staff Changes
Dr Tamara Abel
Dr Tamara Abel
was successful
in her application
for the position of
Senior Research
Officer, and is
looking forward to continuing to build
her expertise in pre-clinical imaging
to enhance bioimaging research
at UWA. Tamara joined CMCA in
2010 on a contract basis to provide
academic support and manage the
microscopy and bioimaging facilities
at CMCA@QEII. During this time,
she has been instrumental in setting
up WA’s first bioimaging facility to
support interdisciplinary and multimodal imaging of small animals using
X-ray CT, MRI and multispectral
optica imaging.
Tamara received her PhD with the
Centre for Orthopaedic Research
at The University of Western
Australia in 2008, studying the
molecular mechanisms underlying
bone remodelling. She continued
post-doctoral training at the centre
focusing on studies to identify the
molecular pathways regulating bone
biology utilising animal models
of bone disease. In 2010, she
joined the Centre for Microscopy,
Characterisation and Analysis.
Tamara has extensive experience in
imaging techniques, animal handling,
sample preparation, data processing
and analysis.
Staff Awards
Fellow of the Optical
Society
Fellow of the UK Institute
of Physics
Winthrop Professor David Sampson,
Director of the CMCA, was recently
elected a fellow of the prestigious
Optical Society of America (OSA).
This was in recognition of his
exceptional contributions to the
development and applications
of wave-guide optics for in-situ
biomedical imaging.
Professor Martin Saunders has been
awarded the title of Fellow of the UK
Institute of Physics.
This announcement coincides with
the OSA’s annual publication of the
Best of the Best global research in
optics for the year. Research by Prof.
Sampson’s team was featured in
the publication and a related video,
as one of the top three research
articles. The research described
the development and application
of a microscope being put inside
a standard hypodermic needle to
enable 3-D scanning of tissue in-situ.
This will be useful in diagnostics,
research and surgery.
Professor Sampson’s commitment
to the field of optics has helped UWA
achieve the top ranking of five in
Optical Physics in the Excellence in
Research for Australia (ERA) results
announced in December 2012.
The Institute of Physics has a
worldwide membership of around
40,000 comprising physicists from
all sectors, as well as those with
an interest in physics. It works
to advance physics research,
application and education; and
engages with policy makers and
the public to develop awareness
and understanding of physics. Its
publishing company, IOP Publishing,
is a world leader in professional
scientific communications.
(UWA). Prof. Saunders heads electron
microscopy at UWA and previously
acted as Editor of the AMMS
newsletter for almost ten years. The
continued close affiliation between
AMMS, Australia’s peak scientific
body representing microscopy, and
the AMMRF, its core microscopy
infrastructure provider, will further
the promotion of microscopy on the
national stage.
AMMRF leadership in
Australian microscopy
In October 2012, the Presidency
of the Australian Microscopy and
Microanalysis Society (AMMS)
passed from Prof. Tim White (former
Australian National University node
director) to Prof. Martin Saunders,
Deputy Director of the AMMRF at
Staff List
ÌÌ Peter
ÌÌ Dr
ÌÌ W/Prof.
ÌÌ Dr
ÌÌ Asst/Prof.
David Sampson
(Director)
ÌÌ Prof. Martin Saunders (Deputy
Director)
ÌÌ Sean Webb (Centre Manager)
ÌÌ Steve Parry (Laboratory
Manager)
ÌÌ Dr Tamara Abel
ÌÌ David Adams
ÌÌ Liz Albert
ÌÌ Alysia Buckley
ÌÌ Dr Lindsay Byrne
ÌÌ Asst/Prof. John Cliff
ÌÌ Assoc/Prof. Peta Clode
ÌÌ Dana Crisan
Duncan
Monica Gagliano (joint
appointment with UWA School of
Animal Biology)
ÌÌ Francesc Tinto Garcia-Moreno
(Technical Operations Manager)
ÌÌ Prof. Brendan Griffin
ÌÌ Jeanette Hatch
ÌÌ Assoc/Prof. Andrew Johnson
(Honorary)
ÌÌ Asst/Prof. Lecia Khor
ÌÌ Assoc/Prof. Matt Kilburn
ÌÌ Lyn Kirilak
ÌÌ Prof. John Kuo (Honorary)
ÌÌ Tracey Lee-Pullen
ÌÌ Assoc/Prof. Matthew Linden
Rong Liu
Laure Martin
ÌÌ Asst/Prof. Janet Muhling
ÌÌ John Murphy
ÌÌ Tracey O’Keefe
ÌÌ Dr Anthony Reeder
ÌÌ Assoc/Prof. Paul Rigby
ÌÌ Asst/Prof. Michael Stat
ÌÌ Dr Jeremy Shaw
ÌÌ Dr Brian Skelton
ÌÌ Asst/Prof. Alexandra Suvorova
ÌÌ Dr David Wacey (joint appointment
with UWA School of Earth and
Environment)
Conferences and visits
IMAGE / 100UM-THICK SECTIONS OF A NEW PERENNIAL
HERBACEOUS PASTURE LEGUME.STEMS WERE PREPARED ON
A VIBRATOME AND IMAGES TAKEN ON THE ZEISS AXIOSKOP
OPTICAL MICROSCOPE. IMAGES: PETA CLODE.
IMAGE / HUMAN OPTIC NERVE IMAGE BY
ALISON JENNINGS, ACQUIRED AT CMCA.
Perth hosts the largest
microscopy and
nanotechnology event
ever held in Australia
More than 1100 specialists from
around the world convened at the
Perth Convention and Exhibition
Centre earlier this year for a
combined congress comprising
the 1Oth Asia-Pacific Microscopy
Conference, the 2012 International
Conference on Nanoscience and
Nanotechnology, and the 22nd
Australian Conference on Microscopy
and Microanalysis.
Delegates had exposure to cutting
edge tools and technology at the
concurrent 100 booth exhibition,
which covered two enormous
pavilions at the PCEC, or around
6000 square metres. Co-chairman
of the organising committee was
CMCA’s Professor Brendan Griffin.
Brendan said this was a truly unique
science and technology forum,
combining for the first time three
events into one mega congress.
It was also the first time in the 40 year
history of the Asia Pacific Microscopy
Conference that it’s been hosted
in Australia, and more than 1100
people from around the globe chose
to attend, including some of the
world’s best scientists. It provided an
exceptional opportunity to showcase
Australia’s expertise in the field.
Of the 200 eminent scientists invited
to speak, around one third were from
our local scientific community.
With around 870 papers presented
in nine parallel sessions over five
days, Professor Griffin said the sheer
breadth of the conference reflected
the wide range of disciplines and
lightning pace of progress in the field.
The official opening address was
delivered by the Governor of Western
Australia, His Excellency Mr Malcolm
James McCusker AO CVO QC,
reinforcing the significance of the
event to the state.
Overseas
Visitors
Visitors to CMCA
January 2012 – China delegation
A party of delegates from China
attending the Australia – China
Joint Centre and Alliance for Energy
and Mining, and the 1st Technical
Workshop, were given a tour of the
CMCA.
July 2012 – Worldwide Universities
Network
A former UWA graduate, Dr Nicole
Hondow from the University of Leeds,
visited the Centre for six weeks
through a Worldwide Universities
Network mobility grant. Dr Hondow
worked on the development of
specimen preparation protocols and
miscroscopy techniques for analysing
the structure of nanoparticle
assemblies for use in nano medicine.
The Centre’s Deputy Director,
Professor Martin Saunders, said it
was likely a PhD student exchange
program would be set up between
the CMCA and the Leeds electron
microscopy group.
From the University of York, Dr
Roland Kroeger and Ms Renee van
der Locht are spending four weeks
at the Centre to research coral
biomineralisation with Winthrop
Professor Malcolm McCulloch of
UWA’s Ocean Institute. They are at
UWA until 4 July thanks to a York
scheme to promote collaborations
with Worldwide Universities
Network partners.
The CMCA supports research
across the University, the Australian
community and internationally in
natural, agricultural, physical, life and
biomedical sciences and engineering.
Research in the biosciences involves
understanding the structural,
immunological and compositional
properties of cells and tissues. In
Earth and environmental sciences,
analysing and characterising the
minerals and microstructures of
rocks and soils increases knowledge
of the planet’s past and guides
the sustainable development of
resources. In physical science,
research involves the characterisation
of the structure, composition and
chemistry of materials down to the
nano or atomic scales.
Through its Research Mobility
Program, Worldwide Universities
Network supports personal
and academic growth, enabling
postgraduate students and staff to
work at member universities. The
Network enhances learning and
internationalises curricula through
the development of e-learning theory,
practice and programs and organises
regular online seminars delivered
by leading Worldwide Universities
Network academics with themes and
topics ranging across the research
spectrum.
UWA will encourage its researchers
to benefit from the association
with Worldwide Universities
Network by providing funding on a
competitive basis to support staff
and postgraduate students to initiate,
expand and maintain collaborative
research projects with Network
partners.
May 2012 – Cancer Council
Western Australia
In May 2012 a group from the
Cancer Council WA visited CMCA@
QEII. The visit was organised by
Assoc. Professor Fiona Pixley from
the Pharmacology, Pharmacy and
Anaesthesiology Unit of the School of
Medicine and Pharmacology. Assoc.
Professor Pixley combines a broad
range of cytometry techniques at
CMCA to further her research into
understanding how cancer spreads.
September 2012 – The Hon Martin
Ferguson
The Hon Martin Ferguson, MP,
Minister for Resources and Energy,
Minister for Tourism visited the CMCA
in September 2012 as part of a visit to
the University. He showed a particular
interest in the CAMECA ion probe
instruments.
November 2012 – Professor
Geoffrey Laurent, Centre for
Cell Therapy and Regenerative
Medicine
Professor Geoffrey Laurent from
the Centre for Cell Therapy and
Regenerative Medicine Toured
CMCA@QEII in November 2012.
Professor Laurent has recently
been recruited from University
College London where he led a
world recognized research and
training centre. His appointment
will assist in attracting young
rising stars as well as other world
leaders who will strengthen WA’s
science base and help foster global
collaborative networks.
Worldwide Universities Network
currently consists of the Universities
of Alberta; Bergen; Bristol;
California, San Diego; Illinois,
Urbana-Champaign; Leeds, Nanjing,
Pennsylvania State; Sheffield;
Southampton; Sydney; Utrecht;
Washington, Seattle; Wisconsin,
Madison; York; Zhejiang and UWA.
IMAGE / MB-10 MARBLE BAR CHERT
TAKEN AT CMCA BY DR JANET MUHLING.
Journal Papers
2011
2010
p25
p34
2012
2011
p30
p39
Top cited
papers
2008 - 2012
ÌÌP.
Che, J.D. Bussell, W. Zhou, G.M.
Estavillo, B.J. Pogson and S.M. Smith,
Signaling from the endoplasmic reticulum
activates brassinosteroid signaling
and promotes acclimation to stress
in Arabidopsis, Science Signaling,
3(141):ra69, 2010.
Zhu, G.A. Gaetani, F. Fusseis,
L.G.J. Montesi, and F. De Carlo,
Microtomography of partially molten
rocks: Three-dimensional melt
distribution in mantle peridotite, Science,
332: 88-91, 2011.
Wood, J. Wade and M.R. Kilburn,
Core formation and the oxidation state
of the Earth: Additional constraints from
Nb, V and Cr partitioning. Geochimica et
Cosmochimica Acta 72(5): 1415-1426,
2008.
ÌÌJ.P.
Williamson, R.A. McLaughlin, W.J.
Noffsinger, A.L. James, V.A. Baker, A.
Curatolo, J.J. Armstrong, A. Regli, K.L.
Shepherd, G.B. Marks, D.D. Sampson,
D.R. Hillman and P.R. Eastwood, Elastic
properties of the central airways in
obstructive lung diseases measured
using anatomical optical coherence
tomography, American Journal of
Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,
183(5): 612-619, 2011.
Hamzah, M. Jugold, F. Kiessling, P.J.
Rigby, M. Manzur, H.H. Marti, T. Rabie,
S. Kaden, H.J. Gröne, G.J. Hämmerling,
B. Arnold and R. Ganss, Vascular
normalization in Rgs5-deficient tumours
promotes immune destruction, Nature,
453: 410-454, 2008.
ÌÌH.R.
Chinnery, E. Pearlman and P.G.
McMenamin, Cutting edge: membrane
nanotubes in vivo: a feature of MHC
class II+ cells in the mouse cornea, The
Journal of Immunology, 180: 5779-5783,
2008.
Salama, M. Phillips, F. Grieu, M.
Morris, N. Zeps, D. Joseph, C. Platell
and B. Lacopetta, Tumour-infiltrating
FOXP3+ T regulatory cells show strong
prognostic significance in colorectal
cancer, Journal of Clinical Oncology,
27(2): 186-192, 2009.
2011
Journal Publications
1.
ÌÌP.
ÌÌW.M.
Khairul, M.A. Fox, N.N. Zaitseva,
M. Gaudio, D.S. Yufit, B.W. Skelton,
A.H. White, J.A.K. Howard, M.I. Bruce
and P.J. Low, Transition metal alkynyl
complexes by transmetallation from
Au(Cë_CAr)(PPh3) (Ar = C6H5 or C
6H4Me-4), Dalton Transactions 4: 610620, 2009.
Paskevicius, D.A. Sheppard and
C.E. Buckley, Thermodynamic changes
in mechanochemically synthesized
magnesium hydride nanoparticles,
Journal of the American Chemical
Society, 132: 5077-5083, 2010.
2.
3.
4.
ÌÌM.
A.J. Lee, V.A. Lambermont, J.J.
Pillow, G.R. Polglase, I. Nitsos, J.P.
Newnham, M.W. Beilharz, S.G. Kallapur,
A.H. Jobe and B.W. Kramer, Fetal
responses to lipopolysaccharide-induced
chorioamnionitis alter immune and
airway responses in 7-week-old sheep,
American Journal of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, 204(364): e17-24, 2011.
8.
S.G. Kallapur, B.W. Kramer, I. Initso, J.J.
Pillow, J.J.P. Collins, G.R. Polglase, J.P.
Newnham and A.H. Jobe, Pulmonary
and systemic inflammatory responses to
intra-amniotic IL-1{alpha} in fetal sheep,
American Journal of Physiology Lung
Cellular Molecular Physiology, 301(3):
L285-295, 2011.
9.
J.P. Williamson, R.A. McLaughlin, W.J.
Noffsinger, A.L. James, V.A. Baker, A.
Curatolo, J.J. Armstrong, A. Regli, K.L.
Shepherd, G.B. Marks, D D. Sampson,
D.R. Hillman and P.R. Eastwood, Elastic
properties of the central airways in
obstructive lung diseases measured
using anatomical optical coherence
tomography, American Journal of
Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,
183: 612-619, 2011.
Wacey, M.R. Kilburn, M. Saunders,
J Cliff and M.D. Brasier, Microfossils of
sulphur-metabolizing cells in 3.4-billionyear-old rocks of Western Australia,
Nature Geoscience, 4(10): 698-702,
2011.
ÌÌJ.
Rasmussen, I.R. Fletcher, J. Brocks
and M.R. Kilburn, Reassessing the
first appearance of eukaryotes and
cyanobacteria, Nature, 455: 1101-1104,
2008.
7.
ÌÌD.
ÌÌB.J.
ÌÌB.
R.M. Duff, V. Tay, P. Hackman,
G. Ravenscroft, C. McLean, P. Kennedy,
A. Steinbach, W. Schöffler, P.F.M. Van
Der Ven, D.O. Fürst, J. Song, K. DjinovićCarugo, S. Penttilä, O. Raheem, K.
Reardon, A. Malandrini, S. Gambelli, M.
Villanova, K.J. Nowak, D.R. Williams,
J.E. Landers, R.H. Brown Jr, B. Udd and
N.G. Laing, Mutations in the N-terminal
actin-binding domain of filamin C cause
a distal myopathy, American Journal of
Human Genetics, 88(6): 729-740, 2011.
ÌÌW.L.
Highly cited papers from CMCA
“High citations of a publication are a key
indicator of the relative importance of a
work in science. For CMCA the following
table captures publications with a greater
than ten cites per annum, and includes
CMCA staff (2008 to 2012) and CMCA
User publications (2008-2012).”
6.
5.
C.W. Evans, M.Fitzgerald, T.D. Clemons,
M.J. House, B.S. Padman, J.A. Shaw,
M. Saunders, A.R. Harvey, B. Zdyrko,
I.A. Luzinov, G.A. Silva, S.A. Dunlop and
K.S. Iyer, Multimodal analysis of PEImediated endocytosis
of nanoparticles in neural cells, ACS
Nano, 5(11): 8640-8648, 2011.
A.P. Roberts, G. Grayson, V.J. Challis,
L.C. Zhang, J.F. Grotowski, G.B.Schaffer
and T.B. Sercombe, Elastic moduli of
sintered powders with application to
components fabricated using selective
laser melting, Acta Materialia, 59: 52575265, 2011.
X. Xu, H. Yang, Y. Liu, Y. Zheng, L. Li, Y.
Ji and X. Han, Formation mechanism of
novel two-dimensional single crystalline
dendritic copper plates in an aqueous
environment, Acta Materialia, 59: 71777188, 2011.
M. K. Abdul Hamid and G.W.
Stachowiak, The effects of grit particle
size on frictional characteristics of
automotive braking system, Advanced
Materials Research, 189-193: 35113516, 2011.
R. Sultana, J. Yang and X. Hu,
Processing of Layered Hydroxyapatite
Ceramic Composites, Advanced
Materials Research, 275: 143-146,
2011.
10. R. Gulliver, S. Baltic, N.L. Misso, C.M.
Bertram, P.J. Thompson and M. FogelPetrovic, Lys-des[Arg 9]-bradykinin
alters migration and production of
interleukin-12 in monocyte-derived
dendritic cells, American Journal of
Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology,
45(3): 542-549, 2011.
11. L. Balaguera-Cortes, K.E. Wallman, T.J.
Fairchild and K.J. Guelfi, Energy intake
and appetite-related hormones following
acute aerobic and resistance exercise,
Applied Physiology Nutrition and
Metabolism, 36: 958-966, 2011.
12. S. Lo, J. Steer and D.A. Joyce, Tumor
necrosis factor-alpha promotes survival
in methotrexate-exposed macrophages
by an NF-kappaB-dependent pathway,
Arthritis Research and Therapy, 13(1):
R24, 2011.
13. M.D. Brasier, R. Matthewman, S.
McMahon and D. Wacey, Pumice as a
remarkable substrate for the origin of life,
Astrobiology, 11(7): 725-735, 2011.
14. L.E. Wedlock and S.J. Berners-Price,
Recent advances in mapping the
sub-cellular distribution of metal-based
anticancer drugs, Australian Journal
Chemistry, 64 : 692-704, 2011.
2011 Journal Papers
Total
152
Biological/biomedical sciences
75
Physical sciences
55
Environmental/geosciences
22
15. J. Miyazaki, B.H. Tan, S.G. Errington
and J.J.S. Kuo, Bacterial endophyte in
Macropidia fuliginosa :its localisation and
eradication from in vitro cultured basalstem callus, Australian Journal of Botany,
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16. M. Landers, M. Grafe, R.J. Gilkes,
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24. E. Thomas, N. Zeps, M. Cregan, P.
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17. A.L. Magno, E. Ingley, S.J. Brown, A.D.
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18. J.F.V. Della Vergiliana, S. Lansley, A.L.
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19. R.B. Thornton, P.J. Rigby, S.P.
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20. C. Balaratnasingam, S.J. Cringle, N.
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22. C. Jackaman and D.J. Nelson,
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25. E. Thomas, N. Zeps, P. Rigby and P.
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26. A.D. Martin and C.L. Raston,
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27. J. Fang, R. Pillai, M. Saunders, J. Zou,
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28. J. Zou, A.D. Martin, B. Zdyrko, I. Luzinov,
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29. J. Zou, S.G. Stewart, C.L. Raston and
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30. M. Bradshaw, J. Zou, L. Byrne, K.
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31. C. Bullen, M.J. Latter, N. J. D’Alonzo,
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32. N. McLouhglin, D. Wacey, C. Kruber,
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33. V.M. Pinto, L.A. Hartmann, J.O.S.
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34. A. Cornejo, L. Gao, W. Zhang, R.R.
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35. B. Rasmussen, I.R. Fletcher and J.R.
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36. N.L. Patten, A.S.J. Wyatt, R.J.
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37. P.L. Clode, K. Lema, M. Saunders and
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38. C. Bullen, P. Zijlstra, E. Bakker, M. Gu
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39. A. Baynton, T. Radomirovic,a M.I.
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41. J. Fang, G. Yanglong, L. Guanzhong,
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42. L.A. Casson, S. Muzzioli, P. Ralteri,
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43. S. Rubanov and A. Suvorova, Ion
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44. D. Wacey, M. Saunders, M.D. Brasier
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45. B. Godel, Z. Seat, W. Maier and S-J.
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46. J.L. Mair, G.L. Farmer, D.I. Groves,
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Petrogenesis of postcollisional
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47. Z. Seat, M.A.M. Gee, B.A. Grguric,
S.W. Beresford and N.V. Grassineau,
The Nebo-Babel Ni-Cu-PGE Sulfide
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48. M. Wang, H. Yang and Y. Liu, Current
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50. H. Li, X. Ge, S. Han, K. Sivasithamparam
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51. G.W. Plant, A.R. Harvey, S.G. Leaver
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52. E.S.M. Ang, X. Yang, H. Chen, Q.
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54. R. Chen, M. Wilson, Y.K. Leong, P.
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Preparation and rheology of biochar,
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55. A.A. Nemchin, M.J. Whitehouse, M.L.
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56. B. Rasmussen, I.R. Fletcher, J.R.
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57. J. Fang, G. Yanglong, L. Guanzhong,
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58. P. Salama, M. Phillips, C. Platell and B.
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59. D.D. Sampson, Optical Bioimaging
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60. C. Jackaman, S. Cornwall, P.T. Graham
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61. J.S. Croser, M.M. Lulsdorf, R.K. Grewal,
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Isolated microspore culture of chickpea
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62. Z. Liu, Z. Wu, H. Yang, Y. Liu, W.
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63. Z. Wu, Z. Liu, H. Yang, Y. Liu, Z. Wu and
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64. H.Y. Tian, C.E. Buckley, M. Paskevicius,
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65. Z. Lin, K.L. Solomon, X. Zhang, N.J.
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66. M.P. Pitt, M. Paskevicius, C.J. Webb,
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67. P.M.L. Hedberg, P. Peres, J.B. Cliff, F.
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68. E. Chan, D. Cadosch, O.P., Gautischi,
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69. C.F. Maitland, C.E. Buckley, B.H.
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70. P.S.S. Rama Krishnan, M. Arredondo, M.
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71. M.B. Dalrymple, W.C. Jaeger,
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72. B.C. Quirk, R.A. McLaughlin, A.
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73. B.F. Kennedy, A. Curatolo, T.R. Hillman,
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74. B.R. Klyen, T. Shavlakadze, H.D.
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75. Y.M. Liew, R.A. McLaughlin, F.M.Wood
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76. K.E. Mackie, Z. Zhou, P. Robbins, M.
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77. N.G. Sampaio, W. Yu, D. Cox, J.
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F.J. Pixley, Phosphorylation of CSF-1R
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78. S.M. Lansley, R.G. Searles, A. Hoi,
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79. E. Ang, Q. Liu, M. Qi, H.G. Liu,
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80. C. Kong and Y-K. Leong, On the
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81. O. Pedersen, C. Pulido, S.M. Rich and
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82. M. Gagliano, A.K. Lema, M. Depczynski
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83. Y. Liu, N. Jehanathan and J. Dell,
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84. M. Lai, G. Parish, Y. Liu, J.M. Dell
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85. P.L. Santa Maria, S.L. Redmond, M.D.
Atlas and R. Ghassemifar, Keratinocyte
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86. R.J. Marano and S.L. Redmond, In vitro
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87. S.L. Redmond, B. Levin, K.A. Heel, M.D.
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88. A. Dodd and M. Saunders, Synthesis of
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89. M.I. Bruce, J.C. Morris, C.R. Parker and
B.W. Skelton, Nucleophilic properties
of Ru(C≡CH)(dppe)Cp*: Synthesis and
structureof Ru{c=C]CArC(O)C(O)O}
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90. M.I. Bruce, N. Scoleri and B.W. Skelton,
Lithiation of diynyl-ruthenium complexes:
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91. M. Paskevicius, H-Y. Tian, D.A.
Sheppard, C.J. Webb, M.P. Pitt, E.M.
Gray, N.M. Kirby and C.E. Buckley,
Magnesium Hydride Formation within
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92. S.J. Purdy, J.D. Bussell, D.C. Nelson, D.
Villadsen and S.M. Smith, A nuclearlocalized protein, KOLD SENSITIV-1,
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93. S.M. Paterson, J. Clark, K.A.
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Carbohydrate-Based Crosslinking
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94. T.J. Aitcheson, M. Ginic-Markovic, M.
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J.G. Matisons and G.P. Simon, Polymer
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by Electron Transfer for Atom Transfer
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95. C.J. Chernicoff, E.O. Zappettini,
J.O.S. Santos, E. Belousova and
N.J. McNaughton, Hf isotope study
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96. M.P.S. Zuquim, R.A.J. Trouw, C.C.
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97. P. Saxena, O.M. Shaw, N.L. Misso, A.
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98. Z. Liu, S. Shao, X. Hu and X. Wang,
Surface Modification and Microstructure
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99. J.-Z. Yang, R. Sultana, X.-Z. Hua and
Z.-H. Huangb, Porous hydroxyapatite
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100. S. Dev, K.S. Iyer and C.L. Raston,
Nanosized drug formulations under
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101. E-J. Teh, Y-K. Leong and Y. Liu,
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102. J. Scott, J. Muhling, I. Fletcher, M. Billia,
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103. S.Y. Yeung, S. Kampmann, K.A.
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104. R.E. Halse, K.E. Wallman and K.J. Guelfi,
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Medicine and Science in Sports and
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105. L.E. Wedlock, M.R. Kilburn, J.B. Cliff, L.
Filgueira, M. Saunders and S.J. BernersPrice, Visualizing Gold Inside Tumor Cells
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106. D.C. Joy and B.J. Griffin, Is microanalysis
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107. M. Saunders, C. Kong, J.A. Shaw
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108. S. Sarma, I.R. Fletcher, B. Rasmussen,
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109. N.J. Pavlos, T.S. Cheng, A. Qin, P.Y. Ng,
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TCTEX-1, A Novel Interaction partner
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110. L.V. Blomster, J. Vukovic, D.A.E.
Hendrickx, S. Jung, A.R. Harvey, L.
Filgueira and M.J. Ruitenberg, CX3CR1
deficiency exacerbates neuronal loss and
impairs early regenerative responses in
the target-ablated olfactory epithelium,
Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, 48:
236-245, 2011.
111. M. Hellstrom, J. Muhling, E.M. Ehlert,
J. Verhaaagen, M.A. Pollett, Y. Hu and
A.R. Harvey, Negative impact of rAAV2
mediated expression of SOCS3 on the
regeneration of adult retinal ganglion
cell axons, Molecular and Cellular
Neuroscience, 46: 507-515, 2011.
112. D. Ho, M. Fitzgerald, C.A. Bartlett, B.
Zdyrko, I.A. Luzinov, S.A. Dunlop and
K. Swaminathan Iyer, The effects of
concentration-dependent morphology of
self-assembling RADA16 nanoscaffolds
on mixed retinal cultures, Nanoscale, 3:
907-910, 2011.
113. T.D. Clemons, C.W. Evans, B. Zdyrko, I.
Luzinov, M. Fitzgerald, S.A. Dunlop, A.R.
Harvey, K. Swaminathan Iyer and K.A
Stubbs, Multifunctional nanoadditives
for the thermodynamic and kinetic
stabilization of enzymes, Nanoscale, 3:
4085-4087, 2011.
114. M.R.J. Carrol, P.P. Huffstetler, W.C. Miles,
J.D. Goff, R.M. Davis, J.S. Riffle, M.J.
House, R.C. Woodward and T.G. St
Pierre, The effect of polymer coatings on
proton transverse relaxivities of aqueous
suspensions of magnetic nanoparticles,
Nanotechnology, 22: 325702 (7pp),
2011.
115. D. Wacey, M.R. Kilburn, M. Saunders,
J. Cliff and M.D. Brasier, Microfossils of
sulphur-metabolizing cells in 3.4-billionyear-old rocks of Western Australia,
Nature Geoscience,
4: 698-702, 2011.
124. D. Lorenser, X. Yang, R.W. Kirk, B.C.
Quirk, R.A. McLaughlin, D.D. Sampson,
Ultra-thin side-viewing needle probe for
optical coherence tomography, Optics
Letters, 36(19): 3894-3896, 2011.
125. R.M. Hough, R.R.P. Noble and M. Reich,
Natural gold nanoparticles, Ore Geology
Reviews, 42: 55-61, 2011.
126. D.J. Armitt, M.I. Bruce, J.C. Morris, B.K.
Nicholson, C.R. Parker, B.W. Skelton
and N.N. Zaitseva, Bis(metallaethynyl)
ketones: synthesis and structure of
{(Ph3P) Au-C≡C}2CO and attempted
transmetalation: formation and structure
of [1,3-{Ru(dppe)Cp}2{c-COC(OMe)
CHCCH}]PF6, Organometallics, 30:
5452-5456, 2011.
127. D D. Sampson, Staying coherent after
Kent: From optical communications to
biomedical optics, Photonic Sensors,
1(4): 323-350, 2011.
116. M. Werner and L.W. Simmons,
Ultrastructure of spermatozoa of
Onthophagus taurus (Coleoptera,
Scarabaeidae) exhibits heritable
variation, Naturwissenschaften, 98(3):
213-223, 2011.
128. M. Lai, G. Parish, J. Dell, Y. Liu and A.
Keating, Chemical resistance of porous
silicon: Photolithographic applications,
Physica Status Solidi (c), 8(6): 18471850, 2011.
117. C. Balaratnasingam, W.H. Morgan, L.
Bass, M. Kang, S.J. Cringle, D.Y. Yu,
Axotomy-induced cytoskeleton changes
in unmyelinated mammalian central
nervous system axons, Neuroscience,
177: 269-282, 2011.
129. H.J. Clarke, M. Kumari, T.N. Khan
and K.H.M Siddique, Poorly formed
chloroplasts are barriers to successful
interspecific hybridization in chickpea
following in vitro embro rescue, Plant
Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 106:
465-473, 2011.
118. J. Zou, K. Swaminathan Iyer, S.G.
Stewart and C.L. Raston, Scalable
synthesis of catalysts for the Mizoroki–
Heck cross coupling reaction: palladium
nanoparticles assembled in a polymeric
nanospherew, New Journal of Chemistry,
35: 854-860, 2011.
130. J. Takahira, A.Cousin, M.N. Nelson and
W.A. Cowling, Improvement in efficiency
of microspore culture to produce
doubled haploid canola (Brassica napus
L.) by flow cytometry, Plant Cell, Tissue
and Organ Culture, 104: 51-59, 2011.
119. N.L. Teakle, J. Armstrong, E.G.
Barrett-Lennard and T.D. Colmer,
Aerenchymatous phellem in hypocotyl
and roots enables O2 transport in
Melilotus siculus, New Phytologist, 190:
340-350, 2011.
120. S.M. Rich, M. Ludwig, O. Pedersen and
T.D Colmer, Aquatic adventitious roots
of the wetland plant Meinoectes brownii
can photosynthesize: implications for
root function during flooding, New
Phytologist, 190: 311-319, 2011.
121. A. Curatolo, B. F. Kennedy, D. D.
Sampson, Structured three-dimensional
optical phantoms for optical coherence
tomography, Optics Express, 19(20):
19480-1948, 2011.
122. B.F. Kennedy, X. Liang, S.G Adie, D.K.
Gerstmann, B.C. Quirk, S.A. Boppart,
D.D. Sampson, In vivo three-dimensional
optical coherence elastography, Optics
Express, 19(7): 6623-6634, 2011.
123. R.S. Pillai, D. Lorenser, D.D. Sampson,
Deep-tissue access with confocal
fluorescence microendoscopy through
hypodermic needles, Optics Express,
19(8): 7213-7221, 2011.
131. S. Shabala, L. Bækgaard, L. Shabala,
A. Fuglsang, O. Babourina, M.G.
Palmgren, T.A. Cuin, Z. Rengel and L.G.
Nemchinov, Plasma membrane Ca2+
transporters mediate virus-induced
acquired resistance to oxidative stress,
Plant, Cell and Environment, 34(3): 406417, 2011.
132. A. Qin, T.S. Cheng, Z. Lin, N.J. Pavlos,
Q. Jiang, J. Xu, K.R. Dai and M.H.
Zheng, Versatile roles of V-ATPases
accessory subunit Ac45 in osteoclast
formation and function, PLoS One, 6(11):
e27155, 2011.
133. G. Ravenscroft, C. Jackaman, C.A.
Sewry, E. McNamara, S.E. Squire, A.C.
Potter, J. Papadimitriou, L.M. Griffiths,
A.J. Bakker, k.E. Davies, N.G. Laing, K.J.
Nowak, Actin nemaline myopathy mouse
reproduces disease, suggests other
actin disease phenotypes and provides
cautionary note on muscle transgene
expression, PLoS One, 6(12): e28699,
2011.
134. A. Chew, P. Salama, A. Robbshaw, B.
Klopcic, N. Zeps, C. Platell and I.C.
Lawrance, SPARC, FOXP3, CD8 and
CD45 correlation with disease recurrence
and long-term disease-free survival
in colorectal cancer, PLoS One, 6(7):
e22047, 2011.
135. R.J. Chai, J. Vukovic, S. Dunlop, M.D.
Grounds and T. Shavlakadze, Striking
Denervation of Neuromuscular Junctions
without Lumbar Motoneuron Loss in
Geriatric Mouse Muscle, PLoS One,
6(12): e28090, 2011.
144. M. Myers, J. Cooper, B. Pejcic, M.
Baker, B. Raguse and L. Wieczorek,
Functionalized graphene as an aqueous
phase chemiresistor sensing material,
Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical,
155: 154-158, 2011.
2012
145. P.C. Wu, T-H. Kim, A. Suvorova, M.
Giangregorio, M. Saunders, G. Bruno,
A.S. Brown and M. Losurdo, GaMg
Alloy Nanoparticles for Broadly Tunable
Plasmonics, Small, 7(6): 751-756, 2011.
1.
D. Wacey, In situ, high spatial resolution
techniques in the search for the origin
of life, In: Seckbach, J. (Ed.) Genesis
– In the Beginning. Precursors of Life,
Chemical Models and Early Biological
Evolution. Cellular Origin, Life in Extreme
Habitats and Astrobiology v22, (804
pages), Part 2: 391-411, 2012.
2.
J. Cliff, Elemental Signatures for Microbial
Forensics, In: Cliff, J.B., Kreuzer, H.W.,
Ehrhyardt, C.J. and Wunschel, D.S.
(Eds.) Chemical and Physical Signatures
for Microbial Forensics, (138 pages),
Chapter 6: 71-88, 2012.
3.
L.R. Brooker and J. Shaw, Chiton
Radula: A Unique Model for
Biomineralisation Studies, In: Seto, J.
Advanced Topics in Biomineralization,
(164 pages), Chapter 4: 65-84, 2012.
4.
M. Stat, A.C. Baker, D.G. Baker, D.G.
Bourne, A.M.S. Correa, Z. Forsman,
M.J. Huggett, X. Pochon, D. Skillings,
R.J. Toonen, M.J.H. van Oppen and R.D.
Gates, Molecular delineation of species
in the coral holobiont, In: Lesser, M.P.
(Ed.) Advances in Marine Biology, v63
(253 pages), Chapter 1: 1-46, 2012.
136. E-J. Teh, Y.-K. Leong and Y. Liu, The
effect of adsorbed fumaric acid on
dispersions of rough titania particles,
Powder Technology, 223: 110-115,
2011.
146. M. Kocan, F. Recht, G.A. UmanaMembreno, M.R. Kilburn, B.D. Nener,
U.K. Mishra and G. Parish, Implantation
angle periphery effects on non-alloyed
Si-implanted ohmic contacts for AlGaN/
GaN high electron mobility transistors,
Solid State Electronics, 56: 56-59, 2011.
137. S.P. Johnson, S. Sheppard, B.
Rasmussen, M.T.D. Wingate, C.L.
Kirkland, J.R. Muhling, I.R. Fletcher
and E.A. Belousova, Two collisions,
two sutures: punctuated pre-1950 Ma
assembly of the West Australian Craton
during the Ophthalmian and Glenburgh
Orogenies, Precambrian Research, 189:
239-262, 2011.
147. S.G. Kallapur, B.W. Kramer, C.L. Know,
C.A. Berry, J.J.P. Collins, M.W. Kemp, I.
Nitsos, G.R. Polglase, J. Robinson, N.H.
Hillman, J.P. Newnham, C. Chougne,
and A.H.Jobe, Chronic fetal exposure to
Ureaplasma parvum suppresses innate
immune responses in sheep, The Journal
of Immunology, 187(5): 2688-2695,
2011.
138. T.S. Blake, E. Rothery, J.R. Muhling,
J.A.P. Drake-Brockman, L.C. Sprigg,
S.E. Ho, B. Rasmussen and I.R.
Fletcher, Two episodes of regional-scale
Precambrian hydrothermal alteration in
the eastern Pilbara, Western Australia,
Precambrian Research, 188: 73-103,
2011.
148. V.S. Fear, J.T. Burchell, S.P. Lai, M.E.
Wikstrom, F. Blank, C. Von Garnier,
D.J. Turner, P.D. Sly, P.G. Holt, D.S.
Strickland and P.A. Stumbles, Restricted
aeroallergen access to airway mucosal
dendritic cells in vivo limits allergenspecific CD4+ T cell proliferation during
the induction of inhalation tolerance, The
Journal of Immunology,
187: 4561-4570, 2011.
139. D.M. Collinson, K.M. Usher, P.D.
Nichols and H.R. Watling, Habituation
of Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans
to 4-nonylphenol in ferrous ion growth
medium, Process Biochemistry, 46: 108115, 2011.
140. B.J. Griffin, A Comparison of
Conventional Everhart-Thornley Style
and In-Lens Secondary Electron
Detectors—A Further Variable in
Scanning Electron Microscopy,
Scanning, 33:
162-173, 2011.
141. L. Zhu, G.A. Gaetani, F. Fusseis,
L.G.J. Montesi, and F. De Carlo,
Microtomography of partially molten
rocks: Three-dimensional melt
distribution in mantle peridotite, Science,
332: 88-91, 2011.
142. L.C. Zhang, D. Klemm, J. Eckert, Y.L.
Hao and T.B. Sercombe, Manufacture by
selective laser melting and mechanical
behavior of a biomedical Ti-24Nb-4Zr8Sn alloy, Scripta Materialia, 65:
21-24, 2011.
143. Q. Meng, Y. Liu, H. Yang and T. Nam,
Laser annealing of functionally graded
NiTi thin plate, Scripta Materialia, 65:
1109-1112, 2011.
149. J. Chen, Q. Yu, B. Wu, Z. Lin, N.J.
Pavlos, I. Xu, H. Ouyang, A. Wang
and M.-H.Zheng, Autologous tenocyte
therapy for experimental achilles
tendinopathy in a rabbit model, Tissue
Engineering: Part A, 17(15-16): 20372048, 2011.
150. M.G. Thomas, L. Stone, L. Evill, S. Ong,
M. Ziman and L. Hool, Bone marrow
stromal cells as replacement cells for
Parkinson’s disease: generation of an
anatomical but not functional neuronal
phenotype, Translational Research,
157(2): 56-63, 2011.
151. R.K. Brundavanam, Z-T. Jiang, P.
Chapman, X-T. Le, N. Mondinos, D.
Fawcett and G.E.J. Poinern, Effect
of dilute gelatine on the ultrasonic
thermally assisted synthesis of
nano hydroxyapatite, Ultrasonics
Sonochemistry, 18: 697-703, 2011.
152. M. Salasi, G.B. Stachowiak and G.W.
Stackowiak, Three-body tribocorrosion
of high-chromium cast irons in neutral
and alkaline environments, Wear, 271:
1385-1396, 2011.
Book Chapters
Journal Publications
1.
T. Alam, P.J. Felfera, M. Chaturvedi,
L.T. Stephenson, M.R. Kilburn and J.M.
Cairney, Segregation of B, P and C in
the Ni-based superalloy, Inconel 718,
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions
A, 43: 2183-2191, 2012.
2.
T. Angerer, S.G. Hagemann and L.V.
Danyushevsky, Geochemical Evolution
of the Banded Iron Formation-Hosted
High-Grade Iron Ore System in the
Koolyanobbing Greenstone Belt,
Western Australia, Economic Geology,
107: 599-644, 2012.
3.
E.S.M. Ang, N.J. Pavlos, S.M. Chim,
H.T. Feng, R.M. Scaife, J.H. Steer,
M.H. Zheng and J. Xu, Paclitaxel
Inhibits Osteoclast Formation and
Bone Resorption Via Influencing Mitotic
Cell Cycle Arrest and RANKL-Induced
Activation of NF-kB and ERK, Journal
of Cellular Biochemistry: 113, 946-955,
2012.
4.
A. Arulpragasam, A.L. Magno, E.
Ingley, S.J. Brown, A.D. Conigrave, T.
Ratajczak and B.K. Ward, The adaptor
protein 14-3-3 binds to the calciumsensing receptor and attenuates
receptor-mediated Rho kinase signalling,
Biochemical Journal, 441: 995-1006,
2012.
2012 Journal Papers
Total
152
Biological/biomedical sciences
100
Physical sciences
63
Environmental/geosciences
40
5.
J.-P. Bacik, G.E. Whitworth, K.A.
Stubbs, D.J. Vocadlo and B.L. Mark ,
Active site plasticity within the glycoside
hydrolase NagZ underlies a dynamic
mechanism of substrate distortion,
Chemistry and Biology, 19(11): 14711482, 2012.
6.
K.A. Bates, V.W. Clark, B.P. Meloni,
S.A. Dunlop and J. Rodger, Short-term
low intensity PMF does not improve
functional or histological outcomes in
a rat model of transient focal cerebral
ischemia, Brain Research, 1458: 76-85,
2012.
7.
8.
9.
R.J. Betts, T.S. Mann and P.J. Henry,
Inhibitory influence of the hexapeptidic
sequence SLIGRL on influenza A
virus infection in mice, The Journal
of Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics, 343: 725-735, 2012.
B. Bohman, l. Jeffares, G. Flematti,
L.T. Byrne, B.W. Skelton, R.D. Phillips,
K.W. Dixon, R. Peakall and R.A. Barrow,
Discovery of tetrasubstituted pyrazines
as semiochemicals in a sexually
deceptive orchid, Journal of Natural
Products, 75(9): 1589-1594, 2012.
B. Bohman, L. Jeffares, G. Flematti,
R.D. Phillips, K.W. Dixon, R. Peakall
and R.A. Barrow, The discovery of
2-Hydroxymethyl-3-(3-methylbutyl)-5methylpyrazine: A semiochemical in
orchid pollination, Organic Letters, 14:
2576-2578, 2012.
10. J.H. Bowie, M.I. Bruce, M.A. Buntine,
A.S. Gentleman, D.C. Graham, P.J. Low,
G.F. Metha, C. Mitchell, C.R. Parker,
B.W. Skelton and A.H. White, Facile
decarboxylation of propiolic acid on a
ruthenium center and related chemistry,
Organometallics, 31: 5262-5273, 2012.
11. G.A. Bowmaker, J.V. Hanna, R.D. Hart,
P.C. Healy, S.P. King, F. Marchetti, C.
Pettinari, B.W. Skelton, A. Tabacaruf
and A.H. Whitec, Mechanochemical and
solution synthesis, X-ray structure and IR
and 31P solid state NMR spectroscopic
studies of copper(I) thiocyanate adducts
with bulky monodentate tertiary
phosphine ligands, Dalton Transactions,
41: 7513-7525, 2012.
12. M.D. Brasier and D. Wacey, Fossils
and astrobiology: new protocols for cell
evolution in deep time, International
Journal of Astrobiology, 11(4): 217-228,
2012.
13. M. D. Brown, R. van der Most, J.B.
Vivian, R.A. Lake, I. Larma, B.W.
Robinson and A.J. Currie, Loss of
antigen cross-presentation after
complete tumor resection is associated
with the generation of protective
tumor-specific CD8(+) T-cell immunity,
OncoImmunology, 1:1(7): 1084-1094,
2012.
14. M.I. Bruce, A. Burgun, G. Grelaud,
C. Lapinte, B.W. Skelton and
N.N. Zaitseva, Reactions of
7,7,8,8-Tetracyanoquinodimethane
(TCNQ) with Alkynyl-Iron- and
-Ruthenium Complexes: Synthesis
of Ru{C≡CC(CN)=C6H4=C(CN)2}
(PPh3)2Cp, a New Donor-Acceptor
Molecular Array, Australian Journal of
Chemistry, 65: 763-772, 2012.
15. M.I. Bruce, N.N. Zaitseva, B.W. Skelton,
Reactions of Ru(C≡CPh)(PPh3)2Cp
with silver(I): Molecular structure of
[Ag{h2-PhC2[Ru(PPh3)2Cp]}2]PF6 and
synthesis of a bis(vinylidene) complex,
Journal of Organometallic Chemistry,
716: 281-284, 2012.
16. M.I. Bruce, A. Burgun, B.K. Nicholson,
C.R. Parker, B.W. Skelton and A.H.
White, Polarized complexes obtained by
regiospecific substitution of a CN group
in Ru{CCC(CN)=C(CN)2}(dppe)Cp* (Cp*
= -C5Me5), Organometallics, 31: 41744181, 2012.
17. M.I. Bruce, A. Burgun, G. Grelaud, C.
Lapinte, C.R. Parker, T. Roisnel, B.W.
Skelton and N.N. Zaitseva, Reactions of
7,7,8,8-Tetracyanoquinodimethane with
poly-ynyl ruthenium and iron complexes,
18. M.I. Bruce, B.W. Skelton and N.N.
Zaitseva, A Ruthenated [3]Dendralene
from Phenylethyne and an n3Butadienyl−Ruthenium Complex,
19. M.I. Bruce, M.A. Fox, P.J. Low,
B.K. Nicholson, C.R. Parker, W.C.
Patalinghug, B.W. Skelton and A.H.
White, Substitution of tetracyanoethene
by ethynyl−metal complexes gives
tricyanovinylethynyl (Tricyanobutenynyl)
derivatives: syntheses, protonation, and
addition of metal−ligand fragments,
20. E.A. Buvaylo, V.N. Kokozay, O.Yu.
Vassilyeva and B.W. Skelton,
[2-(Dimethylamino)ethanol-k2N,O]
[2-(dimethylamino)-ethanolatok2N,O]
iodidocopper(II), Acta Crystallographic
Section E, E68: m419-m420, 2012.
21. O.V. Kozachuk, V.N. Kokozay,
O.Y. Vassilyeva and B.W. Skelton,
Bis[(cyanido- C)bis(1,10-phenanthroline2N,N)copper(II)] pentakis(cyanido- C)
nitrosoferrate(II) dimethylformamide
monosolvate, Acta Crystallographic
Section E, E68: m1218-m1219, 2012.
22. E.A. Buvaylo, O.V. Nesterova, V.N.
Kokozay, O.Yu. Vassilyeva, B.W. Skelton,
R. Boča and D.S. Nesterov, Discussion
of planarity of molecular structures using
novel pentanuclear Cu/Ni complexes as
an example, Crystal Growth and Design,
12: 3200-3208, 2012.
23. B.C.Y. Chan, X. Wang, L.K.W. Lam, J.M.
Gordon, D. Feuermann, C.L. Raston and
H.T. Chua, Light-driven high-temperature
continuous-flow synthesis of TiO2 nanoanatase, Chemical Engineering Journal,
211-212: 195-199, 2012.
24. J.C. Clements, J. Wilson, M.W.
Sweetingham, J. Quealy and G. Francis,
Male sterility in three crop Lupinus
species, Plant Breeding, 131(1): 155163, 2012.
25. X.Chen, R.A. Boulos, P.K. Eggers
and C.L. Raston, p-Phosphonic acid
calix[8]arene assisted exfoliation and
2D materials in waterstabilization of,
Chemical Communications, 48: 1140711409, 2012.
26. X. Chen, J.F. Dobson and C.L
Raston, Vortex fluidic exfoliation of
graphite and boron nitride, Chemical
Communications, 48(31): 3703-3705,
2012.
27. C.J. Chernicoff, E.O. Zappettini, J.O.S.
Santos, M.C. Godeas, E. Belousova
and N.J. McNaughton, Identification
and isotopic studies of early Cambrian
magmatism (El Carancho Igneous
Complex) at the boundary between
Pampia terrane and the Río de la Plata
craton, La Pampa province, Argentina,
Gondwana Research, 21: 378-393,
2012.
28. H.R. Chinnery, S. McLenachan, N. Binz,
Y. Sun, J.V. Forrester, M.A. Degli-Esposti,
E. Pearlman and P.G. McMenamin,
TLR9 Ligand CpG-ODN Applied to the
Injured Mouse Cornea Elicits Retinal
Inflammation, American Journal of
Pathology, 180(1): 209-220, 2012.
29. H.R. Chinnery, S. McLenachan,
T. Humphries, J.M. Kezic, X.
Chen, M.J. Ruitenberg and P.G.
McMenamin, Accumulation of murine
subretinal macrophages: effects of
age, pigmentation and CX3CR1,
Neurobiology of Aging, 33(8): 17691776, 2012.
30. P.A. Christin, M.J. Wallace, H. Clayton,
E.J. Edwards, R.T. Furbank, P.W.
Hattersley, R.F. Sage, T.D. MacFarlane
and M. Ludwig, Multiple photosynthetic
transitions, polyploidy, and lateral
gene transfer in the grass subtribe
Neurachninae, Journal of Experimental
Botany, 63(17): 6267-6308, 2012.
31. J.E. Collins, S.J. Barnes, S.G.
Hagemann, T.C. McCuaig and K.M.
Frost, Postmagmatic Variability in ore
composition and mineralogy in the T4
and T5 ore shoots at the high-grade
Flying Fox Ni-Cu-PGE Deposit, Yilgarn
Craton, Western Australia, Economic
Geology, 107: 859–879, 2012.
32. A. Curatolo, R.A. McLaughlin, B.C.
Quirk, R.W. Kirk, A.G. Bourke, B.A.
Wood, P. Robbins, C.M. Saunders and
D.D. Sampson, Ultrasound-guided
optical coherence tomography needle
probe for the assessment of breast
cancer tumor margins, American Journal
of Roentgenology, 199(4): 520-522,
2012.
33. D. D’Alessio, L.E. Karagiannidis, B.W.
Skelton, M. Massi and M.I. Ogden,
Hydrated lanthanoid complexes of
5-(2’-Pyridyl)tetrazole formed in the
presence of Dimethyl Sulfoxide*,
Australian Journal of Chemistry, 65: 819822, 2012.
34. D.D. D’Alessio, S. Muzzzioli, B.W.
Skelton, S. Stagni, M. Massi and
M.I. Ogden, Luminescent lanthanoid
complexes of a tetrazole-functionalised
calix[4]arene, Dalton Transactions, 41:
4736-4739, 2012.
35. T. Darunsontaya, A. Suddhiprakarn, I.
Kheoruenromne, N. Prakongkep and
R.J. Gilkes, The forms and availability
to plants of soil potassium as related
to mineralogy for upland Oxisols and
Ultisols from Thailand, Geoderma, 170:
11-24, 2012.
36. D. De Santis, B. Foley, C.S. Witt and F.T.
Christiansen, The detection of NK cell
alloreactivity by flow cytometric CD107a
assay, Methods in Molecular Biology,
882: 477-489, 2012.
37. A.W. Debowski , C. Carnoy, P.
Verbrugghe, H.O. Nilsson, J.C.
Gauntlett, A. Fulurija, T. Camilleri, D.E.
Berg, B.J. Marshall and M. Benghezal,
Xer recombinase and genome integrity in
Helicobacter pylori, a pathogen without
topoisomerase IV, PLoS ONE, 7(4):
e33310, 2012.
38. R.D. Delima, A.C. Chua, J.E. TirnitzParker, E.K. Gan, K.D. Croft, R.M.
Graham, J.K. Olynyk and D. Trinder,
Disruption of hemochromatosis protein
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Journal Cover
The cover of Geology:
August 2012, Vol 40, No. 8
Image: Scanning electron micrograph of microbial fossils (blue-green false
color, against a false sepia color background) identifi ed in the iron-rich rind
of concretions found in the Jurassic Navajo Sandstone of south-central
Utah (United States). Microbial structures measure >0.5 mm wide and
range from 2 to 5 mm long.
Article: “Biosignatures link microorganisms to iron mineralization in a
paleoaquifer”.
K. A. Weber, T. L. Spanbauer, D. Wacey,
M. R. Kilburn, D. B. Loope, R. M. Kettler
IMAGE / 101917-3 COPPER SULPHIDES FROM THE
GOLDEN MILE.
IMAGE /THIS ELECTRON - MICROSCOPY IMAGE
SHOWS STRUCTURES FORMED BY SELF-ASSEMBLY
IMAGE / PROJECT INVOLVED INVESTIGATING DROUGHT
RESISTANCE MECHANISMS OF A NEW PERENNIAL
HERBACEOUS PASTURE LEGUME. 100UM THICK
OF MAGNETIC IRON-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES. A SMALL
From the Director
p01
Feature Story
p06
Affiliations
p02
Research Highlights
p07
Techniques
p04
Biomedical Sciences
p08
SECTIONS OF STEM WERE PREPARED ON A VIBRATOME
AND IMAGES TAKEN ON ZEISS AXIOSKOP OPTICAL
MICROSCOPE. IMAGES PETA CLODE, PROJECT: KEVIN
FOSTER.
WATER DROPLET CONTAINING OVER A TRILLION NANOPARTICLES WAS ALLOWED TO DRY ON FILM. THE HIGH
SURFACE-TENSION OF THE WATER DROPLET DREW
PARTICLES TOGETHER AS IT DRIED, RESULTING IN
THESE LARGE SINGLE-LAYER STRUCTURES. TAKEN BY
RAHI VARSANI, PHD STUDENT AT CMCA.
CMCA | 2011 – 2012
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COVER IMAGE / FALSE COLOURED SCANNING
ELECTRON MICROGRAPH OF A TRYPANOSOME
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