Republic of Fiji Matanitu ko Viti (Fijian) फ़िजी गणराज्य (Fiji Hindi)

Fiji
1
Fiji
Republic of Fiji
Matanitu ko Viti (Fijian)
फ़िजी गणराज्य (Fiji Hindi)
Fijī Gaṇarājya (transliteration)
•
•
•
Motto: "Rerevaka na Kalou ka Doka na Tui" (Fijian)
"Fear God and honour the Queen"
Anthem: God Bless Fiji
Capital
and largest city
Suva
18°10′S 178°27′E
[1]
Official languages
Demonym
•
•
•
English
Fijian
Fiji Hindi
Fijian
Government
Parliamentary republic run by
military-appointed government
- President
Epeli Nailatikau
- Acting Prime Minister
Frank Bainimarama
Legislature
Parliament
- Upper house
Senate
- Lower house
House of Representatives
Independence
- from the United Kingdom 10 October 1970 - Republic
7 October 1987 Area
- Total
18,274 km2 (155th)
7,056 sq mi - Water (%)
negligible
Population
[2]
- 2009 estimate
849,000
- 2007 census
837,271
- Density
46.4/km2 (148th)
120.3/sq mi
GDP (PPP)
2011 estimate
- Total
$4.133 billion
(156th)
[3]
Fiji
2
[3]
- Per capita
$4,620
GDP (nominal)
2011 estimate
- Total
$3.546 billion
- Per capita
$3,965
[3]
[3]
HDI (2010)
0.669
[4]
(medium / 86th)
Currency
Fijian dollar (FJD)
Time zone
FJT (UTC+12)
- Summer (DST)
[5]
FJST
Drives on the
left
Calling code
+679
ISO 3166 code
FJ
Internet TLD
.fj
[6]
(UTC+13
)
Fiji i/ˈfiːdʒiː/ (Fijian: Viti; Fiji Hindi: फ़िजी), officially the Republic of Fiji[7] (Fijian: Matanitu ko Viti; Fiji Hindi:
फ़िजी गणराज्य[8] Fijī Gaṇarājya), is an island nation in Melanesia in the South Pacific Ocean about 1,100 nautical miles
(2,000 km; 1,300 mi) northeast of New Zealand's North Island. Its closest neighbours are Vanuatu to the west,
France's New Caledonia to the southwest, New Zealand's Kermadec to the southeast, Tonga to the east, the Samoas,
France's Wallis and Futuna to the northeast and Tuvalu to the north.
The majority of Fiji's islands were formed through volcanic activity starting around 150 million years ago. Today,
some geothermal activity still occurs on the islands of Vanua Levu and Taveuni.[9] Fiji has been inhabited since the
second millennium BC. The country comprises an archipelago of more than 332 islands, of which 110 are
permanently inhabited, and more than 500 islets, amounting to a total land area of circa 18,300 square kilometres
(7,100 sq mi). The two major islands, Viti Levu and Vanua Levu, account for 87% of the population of almost
850,000. The former contains Suva, the capital and largest city. Most Fijians live on Viti Levu's coasts, either in
Suva or in smaller urban centres. Viti Levu's interior is sparsely inhabited due to its terrain.[10]
In the 17th and 18th centuries, the Dutch and the British explored Fiji.[11] Fiji was a British colony until 1970;
British administration lasted almost a century.[12] During World War II, the United Kingdom allowed thousands of
Fijians to volunteer to aid in Allied efforts via their attachment to the New Zealand and Australian army units; the
Republic of Fiji Military Forces (RFMF) consist of land and naval units.
Thanks to an abundance of forest, mineral and fish resources, Fiji is one of the most developed economies in the
Pacific island realm. Today, the main sources of foreign exchange are its tourist industry and sugar exports.[13] The
country's currency is the Fijian dollar.
Following a coup in 2006, Ratu Epeli Nailatikau became Fiji's president after a high court ruled that the military
leadership was unlawfully appointed.[14] Fiji's local government, in the form of city and town councils, is supervised
by the Ministry of Local Government and Urban Development.[15]
Fiji
3
Etymology
Fiji's main island is known as Viti Levu and it is from this that the name "Fiji" is derived, though the common
English pronunciation is based on that of their island neighbours in Tonga. Its emergence can be described as
follows:
Fijians first impressed themselves on European consciousness through the writings of the members of
the expeditions of Cook who met them in Tonga. They were described as formidable warriors and
ferocious cannibals, builders of the finest vessels in the Pacific, but not great sailors. They inspired awe
amongst the Tongans, and all their Manufactures, especially bark cloth and clubs, were highly esteemed
and much in demand. They called their home Viti, but the Tongans called it Fisi, and it was by this
foreign pronunciation, Fiji, first promulgated by Captain James Cook, that these islands are now
known.[16]
History
Pottery art from Fijian towns shows that Fiji was settled before or around 3500–1000 BC, although the question of
Pacific migration still lingers. It is believed that the Lapita people or the ancestors of the Polynesians settled the
islands first but not much is known of what became of them after the Melanesians arrived; they may have had some
influence on the new culture, and archaeological evidence shows that they would have then moved on to Tonga,
Samoa and even Hawai'i.
The first settlements in Fiji were started by voyaging traders and settlers from the west about 5000 years ago. Lapita
pottery shards have been found at numerous excavations around the country. Aspects of Fijian culture are similar to
Melanesian culture to the western Pacific but have stronger connection to the older Polynesian cultures. Trade
between these three nations long before European contact is quite obvious with canoes made from native Fijian trees
found in Tonga and Tongan words being part of the language of the Lau group of islands. Pots made in Fiji have
been found in Samoa and even the Marquesas Islands.
Across 1000 kilometres from east to west, Fiji has been a nation of many
languages. Fiji's history was one of settlement but also of mobility. Over
the centuries, a unique Fijian culture developed. Constant warfare and
cannibalism between warring tribes were quite rampant and very much part
of everyday life.[17] During the 19th century, Ratu Udre Udre is said to
have consumed 872 people and to have made a pile of stones to record his
achievement.[18] According to Deryck Scarr ("A Short History of Fiji",
1984, page 3), "Ceremonial occasions saw freshly killed corpses piled up
for eating. 'Eat me!' was a proper ritual greeting from a commoner to a
chief." Scarr also reported that the posts that supported the chief's house or
the priest's temple would have sacrificed bodies buried underneath them,
with the rationale that the spirit of the ritually sacrificed person would
invoke the gods to help support the structure, and "men were sacrificed
whenever posts had to be renewed" (Scarr, page 3). Also, when a new boat,
Ratu Tanoa Visawaqa
or drua, was launched, if it was not hauled over men as rollers, crushing
them to death, "it would not be expected to float long" (Scarr, page 19).
Fijians today regard those times as "na gauna ni tevoro" (time of the devil). The ferocity of the cannibal lifestyle
deterred European sailors from going near Fijian waters, giving Fiji the name Cannibal Isles; in turn, Fiji was
unknown to the rest of the outside world.[19]
Fiji
4
The Dutch explorer Abel Tasman visited Fiji in 1643 while looking for the
Great Southern Continent.[20] Europeans settled on the islands permanently
beginning in the 19th century.[21] The first European settlers to Fiji were
beachcombers, missionaries, whalers and those engaged in the then booming
sandalwood and bêche-de-mer trade.
Ratu Seru Epenisa Cakobau was a Fijian chief and warlord from the island of
Bau, off the eastern coast of Viti Levu, who united part of Fiji's warring tribes
under his leadership. He then styled himself as King of Fiji or Tui Viti and then
to Vunivalu or Protector after the cession of Fiji to the United Kingdom. The
British subjugated the islands as a colony in 1874, and the British brought over
Indian contract labourers to work on the sugar plantations as the then governor
and also the first governor of Fiji, Arthur Charles Hamilton-Gordon, adopted a
policy disallowing the use of native labour and no interference in their culture
and way of life. In 1875–76, an epidemic of measles killed over
Fijian mountain warrior, 1870s
40,000 Fijians,[22] about one-third of the Fijian population.[23] The population
in 1942 was approximately 210,000 of whom 94,000 were Indians, 102,000
native Fijians, 2,000 Chinese and 5,000 Europeans.[24]
The British granted Fiji independence in 1970. Democratic rule was interrupted by two military coups in 1987
because the government was perceived as dominated by the Indo-Fijian (Indian) community. The second 1987 coup
saw the Fijian monarchy and the Governor General replaced by a non-executive president, and the country changed
the long form of its name from Dominion of Fiji to Republic of Fiji (and to Republic of the Fiji Islands in 1997). The
coups and accompanying civil unrest contributed to heavy Indo-Fijian emigration; the population loss resulted in
economic difficulties but ensured that Melanesians became the majority.[25]
In 1990, the new Constitution institutionalised the ethnic Fijian domination of the political system. The Group
Against Racial Discrimination (GARD) was formed to oppose the unilaterally imposed constitution and to restore
the 1970 constitution. Sitiveni Rabuka, the Lieutenant Colonel who carried out the 1987 coup became Prime
Minister in 1992, following elections held under the new constitution. Three years later, Rabuka established the
Constitutional Review Commission, which in 1997 led to a new Constitution, which was supported by most leaders
of the indigenous Fijian and Indo-Fijian communities. Fiji was re-admitted to the Commonwealth of Nations.
Levuka, 1842.
The new millennium brought along another coup, instigated by George
Speight, that effectively toppled the government of Mahendra
Chaudhry, who became the country's first Indo-Fijian prime minister
following the 1997 constitution. Commodore Frank Bainimarama
assumed executive power after the resignation, possibly forced, of
president Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara. Fiji was rocked by two mutinies at
Suva's Queen Elizabeth Barracks, later in 2000 when rebel soldiers
went on a rampage. The High Court ordered the reinstatement of the
constitution, and in September 2001, a general election was held to
restore democracy, which was then won by interim prime minister
Laisenia Qarase's Soqosoqo Duavata ni Lewenivanua party.
In 2005, amid much controversy, the Qarase government proposed a Reconciliation and Unity Commission, with
power to recommend compensation for victims of the 2000 coup, and amnesty for its perpetrators. However, the
military strongly opposed this bill, especially the nation's top military commander, Frank Bainimarama.
Bainimarama agreed with detractors who said that it was a sham to grant amnesty to supporters of the present
government who played roles in the violent coup. His attack on the legislation, which continued unremittingly
Fiji
5
throughout May and into June and July, further strained his already tense relationship with the government. In late
November 2006 and early December 2006, Bainimarama was instrumental in the 2006 Fijian coup d'État.
Bainimarama handed down a list of demands to Qarase after a bill was put forward to parliament, part of which
would have offered pardons to participants in the 2000 coup attempt. He gave Qarase an ultimatum date of
December 4 to accede to these demands or to resign from his post. Qarase adamantly refused to either concede or
resign and on December 5, the president, Ratu Josefa Iloilo, was said to have signed a legal order dissolving the
parliament after meeting with Bainimarama.
In April 2009, the Fiji Court of Appeal ruled that the 2006 coup had
been illegal. This began the 2009 Fijian constitutional crisis. President
Iloilo abrogated the constitution, removed all office holders under the
Constitution including all judges and the governor of the Central Bank.
He then reappointed Bainimarama as prime minister under his "New
Order" and imposed a "Public Emergency Regulation" limiting internal
travel and allowing press censorship.
For a country of its size, Fiji has fairly large armed forces, and has
been a major contributor to UN peacekeeping missions in various parts
Bounty Island, Mamanuca archipelago.
of the world. In addition, a significant number of former military
personnel have served in the lucrative security sector in Iraq following the 2003 U.S.-led invasion.
Politics
Politics of Fiji normally take place in the framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby
the Prime Minister of Fiji is the head of government, the President the head of state, and of a multi-party system.
Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the
Parliament of Fiji. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
Since independence there have been four coups in Fiji, two in 1987, one in 2000 and one in late 2006. The military
has been either ruling directly, or heavily influencing governments since 1987.
2006 military takeover
Citing corruption in the government, Commodore Josaia Voreqe (Frank) Bainimarama, Commander of the Republic
of Fiji Military Forces, staged a military takeover on the 5 December 2006 against the prime minister that he himself
had installed after the 2000 coup. There had been two military coups in 1987 and one in 2000. The commodore took
over the powers of the presidency and dissolved the parliament, paving the way for the military to continue the
takeover. The coup was the culmination of weeks of speculation following conflict between the elected prime
minister, Laisenia Qarase, and Commodore Bainimarama. Bainimarama had repeatedly issued demands and
deadlines to the prime minister. At particular issue was previously pending legislation to pardon those involved in
the 2000 coup. Bainimarama named Jona Senilagakali caretaker prime minister. The next week Bainimarama said he
would ask the Great Council of Chiefs to restore executive powers to president, Ratu Josefa Iloilo.[26]
On 4 January 2007, the military announced that it was restoring executive power to president Iloilo,[27] who made a
broadcast endorsing the actions of the military.[28] The next day, Iloilo named Bainimarama as the interim prime
minister,[29] indicating that the military was still effectively in control. In the wake of the take over, reports emerged
of alleged intimidation of some of those critical of the interim regime.
On 9 April 2009, the Court of Appeal overturned the High Court decision that Cmdr. Bainimarama's takeover of
Qarase's government was lawful and declared the interim government to be illegal. Bainimarama agreed to step
down as interim PM immediately, along with his government, and president Iloilo was to appoint "a distinguished
person independent of the parties to this litigation as caretaker Prime Minister, ...to direct the issuance of writs for an
Fiji
6
election..."
On 10 April 2009, President Iloilo suspended the Constitution of Fiji, dismissed the Court of Appeal and, in his own
words, "appoint[ed] [him]self as the Head of the State of Fiji under a new legal order".[30] As President, Iloilo had
been Head of State prior to his abrogation of the Constitution, but that position had been determined by the
Constitution itself. The "new legal order" did not depend on the Constitution, thus requiring a "reappointment" of the
head of State. "You will agree with me that this is the best way forward for our beloved Fiji", he said. Bainimarama
was re-appointed as Interim Prime Minister; he, in turn, re-instated his previous cabinet.
On 2 May 2009, Fiji became the first nation ever to have been suspended from participation in the Pacific Islands
Forum, for its failure to hold democratic elections by the date promised.[31][32] Nevertheless, it remains a member of
the Forum.
On 1 September 2009, Fiji was suspended from the Commonwealth of Nations. The action was taken because Cmdr.
Bainimarama failed to hold elections by 2010 as the Commonwealth of Nations had demanded after the 2006 coup.
Cmdr. Bainimarama stated a need for more time to end a voting system that heavily favoured ethnic Fijians at the
expense of the multi-ethnic minorities. Critics, however, claimed that he had suspended the constitution and was
responsible for human rights violations by arresting and detaining opponents.[33][34]
In his 2010 New Year's address, Cmdr. Bainimarama announced the lifting of the Public Emergency Regulations
(PER). The PER had been put in place since April 2009, when the former constitution was abrogated. The former
had allowed restrictions on some public gatherings and speech, censorship of news media reports and gave security
forces added powers. He had also announced the nationwide consultation process leading to the new Constitution
under which the 2014 elections will be held.
Law Enforcement and Military Forces
• The military consists of the Republic of Fiji Military Forces (RFMF) with a total manpower of 3,500 active
soldiers and 6,000 reservists, includes a 300-man strong Navy Unit.
The Land Force comprises the Fiji Infantry Regiment (regular and territorial force organized into six light infantry
battalions), Fiji Engineer Regiment, Logistic Support Unit and Force Training Group. The two regular battalions are
traditionally stationed overseas on peacekeeping duties.
The Law Enforcement branch is composed of:
• Fiji Police Force[35]
• Fiji Corrections Service[36]
Fiji
7
Demographics
Ethnic groups
The population of Fiji is mostly made up of native Fijians, who are Melanesians
(54.3%), although many also have Polynesian ancestry, and Indo-Fijians
(38.1%), descendants of Indian contract labourers brought to the islands by the
British colonial powers in the 19th century. The percentage of the population of
Indo-Fijian descent has declined significantly over the last two decades due to
migration for various reasons.[37] The Fiji coup of 2000 provoked a violent
backlash against the Indo-Fijians for a time.[38][39] There is also a small but
significant group of descendants of indentured laborers from the Solomon
Islands.
About 1.2% are Rotuman—natives of Rotuma Island, whose culture has more in
common with countries such as Tonga or Samoa than with the rest of Fiji. There
are also small, but economically significant, groups of Europeans, Chinese, and
other Pacific island minorities. The total membership of other ethnic groups of
Pacific Islanders is about 7,300.
Native Fijian women, 1935
Relationships between ethnic Fijians and Indo-Fijians at a political level have
often been strained, and the tension between the two communities has dominated politics in the islands for the past
generation. The level of political tension varies between different regions of the country.[40]
Demonym
Within Fiji, the term Fijian refers solely to indigenous Fijians: it denotes an ethnicity, not a nationality.
Constitutionally, citizens of Fiji are referred to as "Fiji Islanders" though the term Fiji Nationals is used for official
purposes. In August 2008, shortly before the proposed People's Charter for Change, Peace and Progress was due to
be released to the public, it was announced that it recommended a change in the name of Fiji's citizens. If the
proposal were adopted, all citizens of Fiji, whatever their ethnicity, would be called "Fijians". The proposal would
change the English name of indigenous Fijians from "Fijians" to itaukei, the Fijian word for indigenous Fijians.[41]
Deposed Prime Minister Laisenia Qarase reacted by stating that the name "Fijian" belonged exclusively to
indigenous Fijians, and that he would oppose any change in legislation enabling non-indigenous Fijians to use it.[42]
The Methodist Church, to which a large majority of indigenous Fijians belong, also reacted strongly to the proposal,
stating that allowing any Fiji citizen to call themselves "Fijian" would be "daylight robbery" inflicted on the
indigenous population.[43]
In an address to the nation during the constitutional crisis of April 2009, military leader and interim Prime Minister
Voreqe Bainimarama, who has been at the forefront of the attempt to change the definition of "Fijian", stated:
I know we all have our different ethnicities, our different cultures and we should, we must, celebrate our
diversity and richness. However, at the same time we are all Fijians. We are all equal citizens. We must all be
loyal to Fiji; we must be patriotic; we must put Fiji first.[44]
In May 2010, Attorney-General Aiyaz Saiyed Khaiyum reiterated that the term "Fijian" should apply to all Fiji
nationals, but the statement was again met with protest. A spokesperson for the Viti Landowners and Resource
Owners Association claimed that even fourth-generation descendants of migrants did not fully understand "what it
takes to be a Fijian", and added that the term refers to a legal standing, since legislation affords specific rights to
"Fijians" (meaning, in legislation, indigenous Fijians).[45] Fiji academic Brij Lal, a prominent critic of the
Bainimarama government,[46][47] said he "would not be surprised" if the new definition of the word "Fijian" were
included in the government's projected new Constitution, and that he personally saw "no reason the term Fijian
Fiji
8
should not apply to everyone from Fiji".[48]
Religion
Indigenous Fijians are mostly Christian (40% at the 1996 census), and
the Indo-Fijians are mostly Hindu or Muslim although a small minority
are also Christian. Breakdown per the CIA world factbook: Christian
64.5% (Methodist 34.6%, Roman Catholic 9.1%, Assembly of God
5.7%, Seventh-day Adventist 3.9%, Anglican 0.8%, other 10.4%),
Hindu 27.9%, Muslim 6.3%, Sikh 0.3%, other or unspecified 0.3%,
none 0.7% (2007 census).
The largest Christian denomination is the Methodist Church of Fiji and
Sri Siva Subramaniya Hindu temple, Nadi
Rotuma. (General Secretary: Revd Tuikilakila Waqairatu) With 36.2%
of the total population (including almost two-thirds of ethnic Fijians),
the proportion of the population adhering to Methodism is higher in Fiji than in any other nation. In 2012, permission
was granted by the Government for Methodists to hold their annual Conference, for the first time in 4 years, with
condition it does not coincide with the national Hibiscus Festival, and that it should only last for three days, no
political matters were to be discussed only church matters[49] Roman Catholics (8.9%), the Assemblies of God (4%),
the Seventh-day Adventists (2.9%) and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons) (2.2%), also are
significant. Fiji also is the base for the Anglican Diocese of Polynesia (part of the Anglican Church in Aotearoa,
New Zealand and Polynesia). These and other denominations also have small numbers of Indo-Fijian members;
Christians of all kinds comprise 6.1% of the Indo-Fijian population. Much major Roman Catholic missionary activity
was conducted through the Vicariate Apostolic of Fiji, which has since been renamed the Metropolitan Archdiocese
of Suva, which spans the whole of Fiji.
Hindus belong mostly to the Sanatan sect (74.3% of all Hindus) or else are unspecified (22%). The small Arya Samaj
sect claims the membership of some 3.7% of all Hindus in Fiji. Muslims are mostly Sunni (96.4%) following the
Hanafi school of jurisprudence, with a small Ahmadiyya minority (3.6%). The Sikh religion comprises 0.9% of the
Indo-Fijian population, or 0.4% of the national population in Fiji. Their ancestors originated from the Punjab region
of India, but they are a fairly recent wave of immigrants who did not live through the indenture system. The Bahá'í
Faith has over 21 Local Spiritual Assemblies throughout Fiji and Baha'is live in more than 80 localities.[50] The first
Baha'i in the islands was a New Zealander who arrived in 1924.[50] There is also a small Jewish population. Every
year the Israeli Embassy organises a Passover celebration with approximately 100 people attending.
Fiji
9
Administrative and provincial divisions
Fiji is divided into Four Major Divisions:
•
•
•
•
Central
Eastern
Northern
Western
These divisions are further divided into 14
provinces:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Ba
Bua
Cakaudrove
Kadavu
Lau
Lomaiviti Province
Macuata
Nadroga-Navosa
Naitasiri
Namosi
Ra
Rewa
Serua
Tailevu
Map of the divisions of Fiji.
Fiji was also divided into 3 Confederacies or Governments during the reign of Cakobau, though these are not
considered political divisions, they are still considered important in the social divisions of the indigenous Fijians:
• The Burebasaga Confederacy
• The Kubuna Confederacy
• The Tovata Confederacy
Geography
Fiji covers a total area of some 194,000 square
kilometres (75,000 sq mi) of which around 10% is land.
Fiji is the hub of the South West Pacific, midway
between Vanuatu and the Kingdom of Tonga. The
archipelago is located between 176° 53′ east and 178°
12′ west. The 180° meridian runs through Taveuni but
the International Dateline is bent to give uniform time
(UTC+12) to all of the Fiji group. With the exception
of Rotuma, the Fiji group lies between 15° 42′ and 20°
02′ south. Rotuma is located 220 nautical miles
(410 km; 250 mi) north of the group, 360 nautical miles
(670 km; 410 mi) from Suva, 12° 30′ south of the
equator.
Fiji's location in Oceania
Fiji
10
Fiji consists of 322 islands (of which 106 are inhabited)
and 522 smaller islets. The two most important islands
are Viti Levu and Vanua Levu, which account for
approximately three-quarters of the total land area of
the country. The islands are mountainous, with peaks
up to 1,324 metres (4,341 ft), and covered with thick
tropical forests. The highest point is Mount Tomanivi
on Viti Levu. Viti Levu hosts the capital city of Suva,
and is home to nearly three quarters of the population.
Other important towns include Nadi (the location of the
international airport), and Lautoka, Fiji's second city
with large sugar cane mills and a seaport.
The main towns on Vanua Levu are Labasa and
Savusavu. Other islands and island groups include
Taveuni and Kadavu (the third and fourth largest
islands respectively), the Mamanuca Group (just off
Nadi) and Yasawa Group, which are popular tourist
destinations, the Lomaiviti Group, off Suva, and the
remote Lau Group. Rotuma, some 270 nautical miles
(500 km; 310 mi) north of the archipelago, has a
special administrative status in Fiji, which nearest
neighbour is Tonga in the east.
Map of Fiji.
Climate
The climate in Fiji is tropical marine and warm most of
the year round with minimal extremes. The warm
season is from November till April and the cooler
season May to October. Temperature in the cool season
still averages 22 °C (72 °F).
Rainfall is variable, the warmer season experiences
heavier rainfall, especially inland. Winds are moderate,
though cyclones occur about once a year (10–12 times per decade).[51]
Coconut trees line the beaches of Fiji
Economy
Fiji, endowed with forest, mineral, and fish resources, is one of the more developed of the Pacific island economies,
though still with a large subsistence sector. Natural resources include timber, fish, gold, copper, offshore oil and
hydropower. Fiji experienced a period of rapid growth in the 1960s and 1970s but stagnated in the 1980s. The coup
of 1987 caused further contraction.
Fiji
11
Economic liberalization in the years following the coup created a
boom in the garment industry and a steady growth rate despite
growing uncertainty of land tenure in the sugar industry. The
expiration of leases for sugar cane farmers (along with reduced
farm and factory efficiency) has led to a decline in sugar
production despite a subsidized price. Subsidies for sugar have
been provided by the EU and Fiji has been the second largest
beneficiary after Mauritius.
Urbanization and expansion in the service sector have contributed
to recent GDP growth. Sugar exports and a rapidly growing tourist
Graphical depiction of Fiji's product exports in 28 color
industry — with 430,800 tourists in 2003[52] and increasing in the
coded categories.
subsequent years — are the major sources of foreign exchange.
Fiji is highly dependent on tourism for revenue. Sugar processing makes up one-third of industrial activity.
Long-term problems include low investment and uncertain property rights. The political turmoil in Fiji has had a
severe impact on the economy, which shrank by 2.8% in 2000 and grew by only 1% in 2001.
The tourism sector recovered quickly, however, with visitor arrivals reaching pre-coup levels again during 2002,
which has since resulted in a modest economic recovery. This recovery continued into 2003 and 2004 but grew by
1.7% in 2005 and grew by 2.0% in 2006. Although inflation is low, the policy indicator rate of the Reserve Bank of
Fiji was raised by 1% to 3.25% in February 2006 due to fears of excessive consumption financed by debt. Lower
interest rates have so far not produced greater investment for exports.
However, there has been a housing boom from declining commercial mortgage rates. The tallest building in Fiji is
the fourteen-storey Reserve Bank of Fiji Building in Suva, which was inaugurated in 1984. The Suva Central
Commercial Centre, which opened in November 2005, was planned to outrank the Reserve Bank building at
seventeen stories, but last-minute design changes made sure that the Reserve Bank building remains the tallest.
Trade and investment with Fiji has been criticized due to the country's military dictatorship.[53] In 2008, Fiji's interim
Prime Minister and coup leader Frank Bainimarama announced election delays and that it would pull out of the
Pacific Islands Forum in Niue, where Bainimarama would have met with Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd and
New Zealand Prime Minister Helen Clark.[54]
The South Pacific Stock Exchange (SPSE) is the only licensed securities exchange in Fiji and is based in Suva. Its
vision is to become a regional exchange.
Culture
Fiji's culture is a rich mosaic of Indigenous Fijian,
Indo-Fijian, Asian and European traditions, comprising
social polity, language, food (based mainly from the
sea, plus casava, dalo (taro) & other vegetables),
costume, belief systems, architecture, arts, craft, music,
dance and sports.
Indigenous Fijian culture and tradition is very vibrant
and is an integral component of everyday life for the
majority of Fiji's population. However, Fijian society
has also evolved over the past century with the
introduction of more recent traditions, such as Indian
Huts in the village of Navala in the Nausori Highlands.
Fiji
12
and Chinese, as well as heavy influences from Europe and Fiji's Pacific neighbours - particularly Tonga and Samoa.
Thus, the various cultures of Fiji have come together to create a unique multicultural national identity.
Fiji's culture was showcased at the World Exposition held in Vancouver, Canada in 1986 and, more recently, at the
Shanghai World Expo 2010, along with other Pacific countries in the Pacific Pavilion.[55]
Holidays and festivals
This is a list of holidays celebrated in Fiji:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
New Year's Day
Good Friday
Easter Saturday
Easter Monday
Fiji Day
Diwali
Christmas Day
Boxing Day
Prophet Mohammed's Birthday
The exact dates of public holidays vary from year to year, but the dates for this year and recent years can be found at
the Fiji Government Web Site [56]
The following holidays are no longer celebrated in Fiji:
• Queen's Birthday [57]
• National Youth Day
• Ratu Sir Lala Sukuna Day[58]
Tourism
Fiji has a significant amount of tourism and many people go to the Nadi and Denarau islands.[59] The biggest sources
of international visitors by country are Australia, New Zealand and the USA.[60] Fiji has a significant amount of soft
coral reefs, and scuba diving is a common tourist activity.[59] More budget resorts are being opened in remote areas,
which provides more tourism opportunities.[59]
Casino Tourism
A new 1,500-seat convention centre, casino and luxury hotel complex is being developed on Denarau Island, just
offshore from Nadi. A smaller convention centre and casino have also been earmarked for Suva, Fiji’s capital
city.[61]
Transport
Air
The Nadi International Airport is located 9 km north of central Nadi and is the largest Fijian hub.[62] Nausori
International Airport is about 23 kilometres northeast of downtown Suva and serves mostly domestic traffic. The
main airport in the second largest island of Vanua Levu is Labasa Airport[63] located at Waiqele, southwest of
Labasa Town. The largest aircraft handled by Labasa Airport is the ATR42. Airports Fiji Limited (AFL) [64] is
responsible for the operation of 15 public airports in the Fiji Islands. These include two international airports; Nadi
international Airport – Fiji’s main international gateway and Nausori Airport – Fiji’s domestic hub and 13 outer
island airports.
Fiji
13
Bus
Fiji's larger islands have extensive bus routes that are affordable and consistent in service.[59] There are bus stops,
and in rural areas buses are often simply hailed as they approach.[59] Buses are the principal form of public
transport[65] and passenger movement between the towns on the main islands. Buses also serve on roll-on-roll-off
inter-island ferries. Bus fares and routes are heavily regulated by the Land Transport Authority (LTA) [66]. Bus and
taxi drivers hold Public Service Licenses (PSVs) issued by the LTA.
Taxi
Taxis are licensed by the LTA and operate widely all over the country. Apart from urban, town-based taxis, there are
others that are licensed to serve rural or semi-rural areas. The flagfall for regular taxis is F$1.50 and tariff is F$0.10
for every 200 meters.[67] For taxis that are allowed to charge Value Added Tax (VAT), the flagfall is F$1.50 and
tariff is F$0.30 for the first 200 meters, and F$0.11 for every 200 meters thereafter. Taxis operating out of Fiji's
international airport, Nadi charge a flagfall of F$5. The elderly and Government welfare recipients are given a 20%
discount on their taxi fares.[68]
Ships and Inter-island ferries
Inter-island ferries provide services between Fiji's principal islands and large vessels operate roll-on-roll-off services,
transporting vehicles and large amounts of cargo between the main island of Viti Levu and Vanua Levu, and other
smaller islands.
Language
Fijian is an Austronesian language of the Malayo-Polynesian family spoken in Fiji. It has 350 000 first-language
speakers, which is less than half the population of Fiji, but another 200,000 speak it as a second language. The 1997
Constitution established Fijian as an official language of Fiji, along with English and Fiji Hindi, and there is a
discussion about establishing it as the "national language", though English and Hindustani would remain official.
Fijian is a VOS language.
The Fiji Islands developed many languages, some similar and some very different. Missionaries in the 1840s chose
the language of one island off the southeast of the main island of Viti Levu, to be the official language of Fiji. This
island, Bau, was home to Cakobau, the chief that eventually became the self-forged "King" of Fiji. Missionaries
were interested in documenting a language and in standardising all of Fiji on one official language to make their job
of translating and teaching in Fiji a bit easier. Standard Fijian is based on the language of Bau, which is an East
Fijian language. There are many other dialects that make up the West Fijian languages including all dialects spoken
in the Nadroga/Navosa and those of the western island groups and provinces.
English
Fijian
Hello/hi Good morning
bula
Fiji Hindi नमस्ते
[69]
Goodbye
yadra (Pronounced Yandra) moce (Pronounced Mothe)
सुप्रभात
चलता हूँ
Fiji
14
Sport
Rugby union
Rugby Union is the most-popular team sport played in
Fiji. The national rugby union team is very successful
given the size of the population of the country, and has
competed at five Rugby World Cup competitions, the
first being in 1987, where they reached the
quarter-finals. The Fiji national side did not match that
feat again until the 2007 Rugby World Cup when they
upset Wales 38–34 to progress to the quarter-finals
where they nearly beat the eventual Rugby World Cup
winners, South Africa. Fiji also defeated the British and
Irish Lions in 1977. Fiji competes in the Pacific
The Fiji national rugby union team during the 2007 Rugby World
Tri-Nations and the Pacific Nations Cup. The sport is
Cup playing against Canada.
governed by the Fiji Rugby Union which is a member
of the Pacific Islands Rugby Alliance, and contributes
to the Pacific Islanders rugby union team. At the club level there are the Colonial Cup and Pacific Rugby Cup. The
Fiji sevens team is one of the most successful rugby sevens teams in the world, having won two world cup titles and
the 2006 IRB Series.
Rugby league
The Fiji national rugby league team, nicknamed the Bati (pronounced [mˈbatʃi]), represents Fiji in the sport of rugby
league football and has been participating in international competition since 1992. It has competed in the Rugby
League World Cup on three occasions, with their best result coming when they made the semi-finals of the 2008
Rugby League World Cup. The team also competes in the Pacific Cup.
Members of the team are selected from a domestic Fijian competition, as well as from competitions held in New
Zealand and Australia. For the 2000 and 2008 World Cups, the Bati were captained by Lote Tuqiri and Wes
Naiqama respectively. They have produced legendary players like Petero Civoniceva, Akuila Uate, Lote Tuqiri,
Jarryd Hayne, Wes and Kevin Naiqama, Peni Tagive and Sisa Waqa.
The Fiji national rugby union team is a member of the Pacific Islands Rugby Alliance (PIRA) formerly along with
Samoa and Tonga. In 2009, Samoa announced their departure from the Pacific Islands Rugby Alliance, leaving just
Fiji and Tonga in the union. Fiji is currently ranked sixteenth in the world by the IRB (as of 26 September 2011).
Despite this low rating, in the 2007 Rugby World Cup Fiji defeated Wales 38–34 to claim a quarter final spot
(theoretically placing them in the top 8 teams in the world) and proceeded to give eventual winners South Africa a
scare eventually going down 37–20.
Fiji is one of the few countries where rugby is the main sport. There are approximately 80,000 registered players
from a total population of around 950,000. One of the problems for Fiji is simply getting their players to play for
their home country, as many have contracts in Europe or with Super Rugby teams, where monetory compensation is
far more rewarding. The repatriated salaries of its overseas stars have become an important part of some local
economies. In addition, a significant number of players eligible to play for Fiji end up representing Australia or New
Zealand; notable examples are Fiji-born cousins and current New Zealand All Blacks, Joe Rokocoko and Sitiveni
Sivivatu and as well as Australian Wallabies Winger, Lote Tuqiri. Fiji has won the most Pacific Tri-Nations
Championships of the three participating teams.
Fiji
15
Rugby war dance (Cibi/Bole)
The Cibi (pronounced Thimbi) war dance was traditionally performed by the Fiji rugby team before each match. It
was replaced in 2012 with the new Bole [70] (pronounced mBolay) war cry. The Bole war cry has a lot more energy
compared to the Cibi and seems far more fitting for the gruelling match that is about to commence.
Tradition holds that the original Cibi was first performed on the rugby field back in 1939 during a tour of New
Zealand, when then Fijian captain Ratu Sir George Cakobau felt that his team should have something to match the
Haka of the All Blacks. The 'Cibi' had perhaps been used incorrectly though, as the word actually means "a
celebration of victory by warriors," whereas 'Bole' is the acceptance of a challenge.
The Bole war cry was composed by Ratu Manoa Rasigatale, and is translated as follows:
I'm challenging you to be uprooted, yes, it will be done, let's turn them up side down.
I'm ready, you think I'm afraid of you, you can't break my defence.
You're only a hen, I'm the rooster, let's fight and you'll see.
I don't sleep and will watch you.
My strength can reach the crushing of the waves.
I will not be drowned, you think you'll defeat me by drowning?
Your fence is only made of wawamere creapers, It's easy to untangle.
I can uproot you, I can uproot you, yes it will be achieved.
Association football
Association football, or soccer, was traditionally a minor sport in Fiji, popular largely amongst the Indo-Fijian
community, but with international funding from FIFA and sound local management over the past decade, the sport
has grown in popularity in the wider Fijian community. It is now the second most-popular sport in Fiji after rugby
(union 15's and union 7's).
The Fiji Football Association is a member of the Oceania Football Confederation. The national football team
defeated New Zealand 2–0 in the 2008 OFC Nations Cup,[71] on their way to a joint-record third placed finish.
However, they have never reached a FIFA World Cup to date. Fiji won the South Pacific Games football tournament
in 1991 and 2003.
Footnotes
[1] Dr. A. Tschentscher, LL. M.. "Section 4 of Fiji Constitution" (http:/ / www. servat. unibe. ch/ icl/ fj00000_. html). www.servat.unibe.ch. .
Retrieved 2009-05-03.
[2] Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division (2009) (PDF). World Population Prospects, Table A.1 (http:/ / www. un.
org/ esa/ population/ publications/ wpp2008/ wpp2008_text_tables. pdf). 2008 revision. United Nations. . Retrieved 2009-03-12.
[3] "Fiji" (http:/ / www. imf. org/ external/ pubs/ ft/ weo/ 2012/ 01/ weodata/ weorept. aspx?pr. x=26& pr. y=14& sy=2009& ey=2012&
scsm=1& ssd=1& sort=country& ds=. & br=1& c=819& s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC,LP& grp=0& a=). International Monetary
Fund. . Retrieved 2012-04-18.
[4] "Human Development Report 2010" (http:/ / hdr. undp. org/ en/ media/ HDR_2010_EN_Table1. pdf). United Nations. 2010. . Retrieved
5 November 2010.
[5] "FJST – Fiji Summer Time" (http:/ / www. timeanddate. com/ library/ abbreviations/ timezones/ pacific/ fjst. html). www.timeanddate.com. .
Retrieved 2012-10-24.
[6] "www.timeanddate.com" (http:/ / www. timeanddate. com/ news/ time/ fiji-advances-clocks-nov-29. html). www.timeanddate.com. .
Retrieved 2010-05-02.
[7] In February 2011, the Prime Minister's Office issued a statement saying that the name of the state had been officially changed to the Republic
of Fiji, and that the name written in the 1997 constitution was now void (constitution is suspended since April 2009). See Fijivillage.com
(3 February 2011). "Country is now officially called Republic of Fiji" (http:/ / fijivillage. com/ ?mod=story&
id=0302118fd60fa7dc0c0246576e3d35). . Retrieved 2011-02-04.
[8] "Measles On Long Island" (http:/ / www. wn. com/ Measles_On_Long_Island/ ). wn.com. 2010. . Retrieved 2010-09-15.
[9] "Fiji Geography" (http:/ / www. fijidiscovery. com/ geography. php). fijidiscovery.com. 2005. . Retrieved 2010-09-15.
Fiji
16
[10] "Fiji: People" (http:/ / www. state. gov/ r/ pa/ ei/ bgn/ 1834. htm#profile). United States of America State department. 28 June 2010. .
Retrieved 15 September 2010.
[11] "Fiji: History" (http:/ / www. infoplease. com/ ipa/ A0107509. html). infoplease.com. 2005. . Retrieved 2010-09-15.
[12] "Tourism Fiji : A Social, Political and Environmental Case Study" (http:/ / ertr. tamu. edu/ attachments/ 178_a-5-3-3. pdf). ertr.tamu.edu.
2007. . Retrieved 2010-09-15.
[13] "CIA World Factbook — Fiji — Economy" (https:/ / www. cia. gov/ library/ publications/ the-world-factbook/ geos/ fj. html). CIA.
2010-08-19. . Retrieved 2010-09-15.
[14] "Fiji's president takes over power" (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ asia-pacific/ 7993295. stm/ ). BBC. 10 April 2009. . Retrieved
2010-09-15.
[15] "Fiji — Our Government" (http:/ / www. fiji. gov. fj/ index. php?option=com_content& view=article& id=646& Itemid=197).
www.fiji.gov.fj. 2009-11-09. . Retrieved 2010-09-15.
[16] PDF article (http:/ / www. fiji. gov. fj/ uploads/ FijiToday2005-06. pdf) from Fiji Government (http:/ / www. fiji. gov. fj/ publish/
history_culture. shtml) on Line, section on Europeans in Fiji.
[17] Peggy Reeves Sanday. "Divine hunger: cannibalism as a cultural system" (http:/ / books. google. com/ books?id=SYW6EzB9rYkC&
pg=PA151& dq=& hl=en#v=onepage& q=& f=false). P. 151.
[18] Peggy Reeves Sanday. "Divine hunger: cannibalism as a cultural system" (http:/ / books. google. com/ books?id=SYW6EzB9rYkC&
pg=PA166& dq=& hl=en#v=onepage& q=& f=false). P. 166.
[19] Pacific Peoples, Melanesia/Micronesia/Polynesia (http:/ / humanities. cqu. edu. au/ history/ 52148/ modules/ pacific_peoplesA. html),
Central Queensland University.
[20] Abel Janszoon Tasman Biography (http:/ / www. answers. com/ main/ ntquery;jsessionid=ch285bg7t494l?method=4& dsid=2222&
dekey=Abel+ Tasman& gwp=8& curtab=2222_1& sbid=lc05b& linktext=Abel Tasman), www.answers.com.
[21] Oceania – A Short History of Fiji (http:/ / www. janesoceania. com/ oceania_history), Jane Resture's Oceania Page
[22] “Historical Time line” (http:/ / www. fiji. gov. fj/ index. php?option=com_content& view=article& id=645:our-country&
catid=68:about-fiji-& Itemid=196). Fiji government.
[23] “Timeline: Fiji” (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ asia-pacific/ country_profiles/ 1300499. stm). BBC News.
[24] “World Battlefronts: Yanks in the Cannibal Isles” (http:/ / www. time. com/ time/ magazine/ article/ 0,9171,850185,00. html). TIME.
October 26, 1942.
[25] Lal, Brij V (April 2003). "Fiji Islands: From Immigration to Emigration" (http:/ / www. migrationinformation. org/ Profiles/ display.
cfm?ID=110). Migration Policy Institute. . Retrieved 2009-06-14.
[26] Phil Taylor (2006-12-06). "Fiji – alone under the gun" (http:/ / www. nzherald. co. nz/ section/ story. cfm?c_id=2& ObjectID=10414033).
NZ Herald. . Retrieved 2007-09-30.
[27] "Commander hands back executive authority to Ratu Iloilo" (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20070107051230/ http:/ / www. fijivillage.
com/ artman/ publish/ article_34881. shtml). FijiVillage.com. 2007-01-04. Archived from the original (http:/ / www. fijivillage. com/ artman/
publish/ article_34881. shtml) on 2007-09-30. .
[28] "I support army takeover: Iloilo" (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20070125100134/ http:/ / www. fijilive. com/ news/ show/ news/ 2007/ 01/
04/ 04fijilive09. html). Fijilive. 4 January 2007. Archived from the original (http:/ / www. fijilive. com/ news/ show/ news/ 2007/ 01/ 04/
04fijilive09. html) on 2007-09-30. .
[29] "President swears in interim PM" (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20070125100307/ http:/ / www. fijilive. com/ news/ show/ news/ 2007/
01/ 05/ 05fijilive08. html). Fijilive. 5 January 2007. Archived from the original (http:/ / www. fijilive. com/ news/ show/ news/ 2007/ 01/ 05/
05fijilive08. html) on 30 September 2007. .
[30] "President's Address to the Nation" (http:/ / www. fiji. gov. fj/ publish/ page_14712. shtml), April 10, 2009 (Fiji government website)
[31] Statement by Forum Chair on suspension of the Fiji military regime from the Pacific Islands Forum (http:/ / www. forumsec. org/ pages.
cfm/ newsroom/ press-statements/ 2009/ forum-chair-on-suspension-of-fiji-military-regime-from-pif. html); PIFS Press Statement (21/09), 2
May 2009
[32] "Chair of Pacific Islands Forum says Fiji has been suspended" (http:/ / www. rnzi. com/ pages/ news. php?op=read& id=46320). Radio New
Zealand International. 2 May 2009. . Retrieved 30 September 2011.
[33] "Commonwealth.org" (http:/ / www. thecommonwealth. org/ news/ 34580/ 213088/ 010909fijisuspended. htm). Commonwealth.org. .
Retrieved 2010-05-02.
[34] "BBC News" (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ asia-pacific/ 8231717. stm). BBC News. 2009-09-01. . Retrieved 2010-05-02.
[35] http:/ / www. police. gov. fj
[36] http:/ / www. corrections. org. fj/
[37] Fiji Islands: From Immigration to Emigration (http:/ / www. migrationinformation. org/ Profiles/ display. cfm?ID=110). Migration
Information Source.
[38] " Future bleak for Fiji's Indians (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ asia-pacific/ 830926. stm)". BBC News. July 2000.
[39] " Dealing with the dictator (http:/ / www. theaustralian. news. com. au/ story/ 0,25197,25339291-28737,00. html)". The Australian. April 16,
2009.
[40] Minority Rights Groups International, Fiji Islands Overview (http:/ / www. minorityrights. org/ 4371/ fiji-islands/ fiji-islands-overview.
html), , retrieved 2009-09-03
[41] "Charter proposes common Fijian name" (http:/ / www. fijilive. com/ news_new/ index. php/ news/ show_news/ 7352), August 4, 2008
Fiji
17
[42] "The Name “Fijian” Belongs to Indigenous – Qarase" (http:/ / www. fijivillage. com/ ?mod=story& id=080808151d4615fbbca6b1f2d9d72e),
FijiVillage, August 8, 2008
[43] "Communalism is ‘to love thy neighbour'" (http:/ / www. fijitimes. com/ story. aspx?id=99088), Fiji Times, August 29, 2008
[44] "PM Bainimarama – Address to the nation following appointment of Cabinet – 11 April 2009" (http:/ / www. fiji. gov. fj/ publish/
page_14715. shtml), Fiji government website
[45] "All Fiji nationals to be known as Fijians, says AG" (http:/ / www. rnzi. com/ pages/ news. php?op=read& id=53323). Radio New Zealand
International. 3 May 2010. . Retrieved 30 September 2011.
[46] "Bainimarama hits back at critics" (http:/ / tvnz. co. nz/ world-news/ bainimarama-hits-back-critics-2530474). Television New Zealand. 10
March 2009. . Retrieved 30 September 2011.
[47] "Padma Lal expulsée des îles Fidji" (http:/ / 24hdanslepacifique. com/ padma-lal-expulsee-des-iles-fidji), ABC Radio Australia, January 14,
2010
[48] "Decree on term Fijian could be imminent" (http:/ / www. rnzi. com/ pages/ news. php?op=read& id=53333). Radio New Zealand
International. 3 May 2010. . Retrieved 30 September 2011.
[49] Methodist Recorder (Issue 8060, 14 June 2012) p. 3
[50] "Graceful trees mark anniversary" (http:/ / news. bahai. org/ story. cfm?storyid=366). Baha'i World News Service. 2005-04-12. . Retrieved
2006-12-09.
[51] Fiji Government Online Portal: Our Country (http:/ / www. fiji. gov. fj/ index. php?option=com_content& view=article& id=645&
Itemid=196). Retrieved 26 April 2010.
[52] Fiji Economy and Politics,Economy and Politics in Fiji,Economy and Politics at Fiji (http:/ / www. asiarooms. com/ travel-guide/ fiji/
fiji-overview/ fiji-economy-and-politics. html). Retrieved 10 May 2008.
[53] DailyFinance (2010-11-29). "Fiji Water Leaves Fiji: 4 Things to Know About the Shutdown" (http:/ / www. aolnews. com/ surge-desk/
article/ fiji-water-leaves-fiji-4-things-to-know-about-the-shutdown/ 19736926). Aolnews.com. . Retrieved 2011-05-02.
[54] Zealand, New (2008-08-19). "Democracy hopes dashed after Fiji pulls out of Pacific Forum" (http:/ / www. abc. net. au/ news/ stories/ 2008/
08/ 19/ 2339510. htm?section=world). Abc.net.au. . Retrieved 2009-05-03.
[55] "Shanghai World Expo 2010 website" (http:/ / en. expo2010. cn/ a/ 20100311/ 000005. htm). En.expo2010.cn. . Retrieved 2010-05-02.
[56] http:/ / www. fiji. gov. fj/ index. php?option=com_content& view=article& id=125
[57] Fiji dumps Queen's birthday holiday (http:/ / www. abc. net. au/ news/ 2012-08-01/ fiji-dumps-queen27s-birthday-holiday-from-calendar/
4169224).
[58] "Public holidays clarified" (http:/ / www. fiji. gov. fj/ index. php?option=com_content& view=article& id=1251:public-holidays-clarified&
catid=71:press-releases& Itemid=155). Ministry of Information, Fiji. 22 March 2010. . Retrieved 2 August 2012.
[59] Fiji Travel Information and Travel Guide (http:/ / www. lonelyplanet. com/ fiji). Lonely Planet (http:/ / www. lonelyplanet. com). Retrieved
April 2010.
[60] " Arrivals information (http:/ / www. statsfiji. gov. fj/ Tourism/ Visitor_Arrivals. htm)" Bureau of Statistics.
[61] Dragun, Natasha. "Fiji goes for Asian MICE" (http:/ / www. ttgmice. com/ magazine/ ?ID=32162& term_id=122& issues=229). TTGmice. .
Retrieved 18 January 2013.
[62] Airports Fiji Limited (http:/ / www. airportsfiji. com/ ). Retrieved April 2010.
[63] http:/ / www. airportsfiji. com/ outer_islands. php
[64] http:/ / www. airportsfiji. com
[65] http:/ / www. ltafiji. com/ public. php
[66] http:/ / www. ltafiji. com/
[67] http:/ / www. ltafiji. com/ services_infopsv_conduct. php
[68] http:/ / www. fbc. com. fj/ fiji/ 5223/ taxi-drivers-told-to-be-fair[69] Fijian Language (http:/ / www. fiji-faqs. com/ index. cfm/ bula/ 15/ fijian-language. html)
[70] http:/ / www. youtube. com/ watch?v=M37JdJX9P_k
[71] Oceanian Nations Cup 2008 (http:/ / www. rsssf. com/ tables/ 08oc. html), , retrieved 2009-09-06
References
• Wright, Ronald (1986). On Fiji Islands. Original from the University of Michigan, Digitized 5 December 2006.
ISBN 0-670-80634-X. Traces the colonization of the Fiji Islands, explains how the Fijians have managed to keep
their language and culture intact, and describes modern Fiji society.
• Derrick, Ronald Albert (1951). The Fiji Islands: A Geographical Handbook. Govt. Print. Dept Fiji, 334 pages,
Original from the University of Michigan, Digitized 11 July 2006. Details on Fiji its history and Geography.
• Lal, Brij V. (1992). Broken Waves: A History of the Fiji Islands in the Twentieth Century. University of Hawaii
Press. ISBN 0-8248-1418-5. Details of Fiji's History, Geography, Economy.
• Back to the Chessboard: The Coup and the Re-Emergence of Pre-colonial Rivalries in Fiji. In: Kolig/Mückler
(eds.) (2002). Politics of Indigeneity in the South Pacific. LIT Verlag, Hamburg. pp. 143–158.
Fiji
18
ISBN 3-8258-5915-0.
• Miller, Korina; Jones, Robyn; Pinheiro, Leonardo (2003). Fiji. Lonely Planet. ISBN 1-74059-134-8. Travel guide.
Bibliography
•
•
•
•
Derrick, Ronald Albert (1957). A History of Fiji. Suva, Fiji: Government Printer.
David Routledge: Matanitu - The Struggle for Power in Early Fiji, University of the South Pacific, Suva 1985
Scarr, Deryck (1984). Fiji: A Short History. Sydney, Australia: Allen & Unwin. ISBN 0-86861-319-3.
Waterhouse, Joseph (1998). The King and People of Fiji. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 0-8248-1920-9.
External links
Government
• Official Website of the Government of Fiji (http://www.fiji.gov.fj/)
• Official Website of the Parliament of Fiji (http://www.parliament.gov.fj/)
• Chief of State and Cabinet Members (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/
world-leaders-f/fiji.html)
General information
• Fiji (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/fj.html) entry at The World
Factbook
• Fiji (http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/fiji.htm) at UCB Libraries GovPubs
• Fiji (http://www.dmoz.org/Regional/Oceania/Fiji/) at the Open Directory Project
• Fiji profile (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-14919067) from the BBC News
• Wikimedia Atlas of Fiji
• Key Development Forecasts for Fiji (http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=FJ) from
International Futures
Travel
• Bulafiji.com (http://www.bulafiji.com/) Official Fiji Visitors Bureau website
• The Fiji Times (http://www.fijitimes.com) News, Sport and Weather from Fiji's leading newspaper
• Fiji Projects (http://www.seacology.org/projects/polynesia_projects.htm#fiji) at Seacology
Article Sources and Contributors
Article Sources and Contributors
Fiji Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=534492320 Contributors: -- April, 12345abcxyz20082009, 15turnsm, 21655, 23prootie, 28bytes, 2D, 6SJ7, 8bigsis, 9258fahsflkh917fas,
A Werewolf, AMS351996, ASDFGH, Aaronjhill, Abce2, AbdulQadir, Abhijitsathe, Academic Challenger, Acroterion, Againme, AgentPeppermint, Ahivarn, Ahmed27, Ahoerstemeier, Aitias,
Ajl772, Ajraddatz, Akanemoto, Alansohn, AlefZet, Alexbatko, AlexiusHoratius, Alfio, Alinor, Aloar, Alokchakrabarti, Alpha 4615, Altenmann, Amakuru, Amazong, Amberrock, Americanedol,
AmiDaniel, Amplitude101, Anaxial, Ando228, Andrewpmk, Andy Marchbanks, AndyI, Andyyo, Angielaj, Angr, Anietor, Anna Lincoln, AntaineNZ, Antandrus, Anthoeleon, Antonio Lopez,
Antun Gustav, Anupam, Aotearoa, Apostrophe, Apoyon, Aquaimages, ArchonMeld, AreJay, Arichnad, Aridd, ArkinAardvark, Art LaPella, Arthena, Ashley Rootberski, Ashna Ram, Assmaniac,
Astrotrain, Astroview120mm, Asukubello, Atakdoug, Atb129, Attilios, Auric, Austin Hair, Avicennasis, Avnjay, Axeltschentscher, Axeman89, Baa, Babakexorramdin, Baratti baratti, Baseball
Fanatic, Bataluis, Beland, Bemoeial, Bencherlite, Benesch, BenettonHuhera, Bento00, Berserkerz Crit, Bertramdhellemmes, Bfigura's puppy, Bhadani, Bhitro1, Bigowly17, Bill william compton,
Billposer, BillyH, Billyray32, Biruitorul, Black Falcon, Blahblahgrlz1, Blake3522, BlueLankan, Bmecoli, Bmwall91, Bob247, Bobblehead, Bobblewik, Bobdylan3589, Bobo192, Boffin, Bomac,
Bonadea, Bongwarrior, Bookermorgan, BorgQueen, Boris Barowski, Bovlb, Brian, BrianHansen, BrianKnez, Brianga, Brianhe, BritishWatcher, Brizdle, Brrryan, Bryan Derksen, Buaidh, Bubba
hotep, Buchanan-Hermit, Burneel, Burner0718, Butwhatdoiknow, Bücherwürmlein, C0nanPayne, CWY2190, CWenger, Cacophony, Calabe1992, Can't sleep, clown will eat me,
CanadianLinuxUser, Canderson7, Cantus, CapPixel, Caponer, Carl.bunderson, CarlKenner, CarterL2011, Caseman3344, Catalyst in Society, Catgut, CeeWhy2, Cekli829, Chamal N, Chamdarae,
CharlotteWebb, Chasingsol, Chevinki, Chivista, Chnv, Choi9999, Chris1299, Chrism, Chriswaz, ChromiumCurium, Chuck Sirloin, Chun-hian, Chwech, Chzz, CieloEstrellado, Cincydude55,
Cirt, Cobaltcigs, Coemgenus, Cometstyles, CommonsDelinker, ConMan, Conte di Cavour, Conti, Conversion script, Cool Stuff Is Cool, Cool boy0311, Corvus13, Courcelles, CrazyRepublican,
Crd721, Credema, Croc123, Crystal whacker, Crystalfiji, Cs-wolves, Cubs Fan, Cunard, Cupcakej1, Cvene64, D400j2000, D6, DARTH SIDIOUS 2, DBigXray, DaGizza, Daeron, Dale Arnett,
DanMS, DanaPillai, Dangerous-Boy, Dangersebastian, Daniel, Danntm, DarkAudit, DarkJin, Darth Panda, Davecrosby uk, Davewho2, David Kernow, Davidbrent, Davidcannon, Davidmaaga,
Davidzundel, Davique, Dawn Bard, DeadEyeArrow, Dedee73, Deflective, Dekisugi, Deladela22, Delldot, Delta40, Demmy, Dendodge, Denisarona, Deor, DerHexer, Derumi, Dewritech, Dffgd,
Dfrg.msc, Dinkytown, Discospinster, Djsasso, Dlohcierekim, DocWatson42, Doctoraasix000x, Docu, Dog4life1992, Doldrums, Donarreiskoffer, Download, Dpenn89, Dr. Blofeld, Drappel,
Drawley, Drbug, Drtroppo, Drunken Pirate, Drunkest1, Duncan.france, Dungodung, Dusty777, Dycedarg, Dysepsion, Dysprosia, Dythy, E Pluribus Anthony, E2eamon, ERobson, Eckythump2,
EddieSegoura, Edgar181, Eeekster, Egxsmaxi11, El C, El Libro, El0i, ElNuevoEinstein, Electionworld, Elockid, ElockidAlternate, Elvisman1994, Emberstone777, Emborob, EmirA,
EncycloPetey, Enviroboy, EoGuy, Epbr123, Eranb, Erehtsti, Error411, EscapingLife, Estoy Aquí, Euryalus, Evenios, Everyking, Extransit, EyeKnows, Faithlessthewonderboy, Falcon8765,
Faradayplank, Fashionableponcho, Fastifex, Fastily, Fatnoobsrule, FellowWikipedian, Fermion, Feydey, Feyoun1, Fieldday-sunday, Filemon, FisherQueen, Flatterworld, Florentino floro,
Flowerpotman, Fogistion, Franck Martin, Frankie0607, Free Bear, Friendofthehose, Frietjes, Frozenevolution, Fry1989, Fuper, G. Campbell, GHe, Gadfium, Gaelen S., Gaff, Gala.martin, Garry
Saint, Esquire, Gaudoine, Gdog2, Genius101, Gerald Farinas, Gggh, Giants27, Gibson Flying V, Gilderien, Giler, Gilliam, Gilliganisland123, Giovanni33, Giraffedata, Girmitya, Gjw1945,
Glacialfox, Glane23, Glass Sword, Glenn, Goajoel, Gogo Dodo, GoingBatty, Golbez, Goldenpinkie, Goldfishbutt, Good Olfactory, Googlesu, GordyB, Goswans1, Gr8opinionater, GraemeL,
Grafen, Graham87, GrahamBould, Green Giant, Green.towel.company, Gregzeng, Grendelkhan, Gringer, Gryffindor, Gugganij, Guillermo Ugarte, Guptan99, Gurch, Gwernol, Gzkn,
Gznorneplatz, Gzornenplatz, HIDECCHI001, HairyPerry, HamburgerRadio, Hammer Raccoon, Hamster X, HangingCurve, Harro5, Harthart, Hattah, Heefiji, HeikoEvermann, Henners6794,
Henning Blatt, Herostratus, HexaChord, Hibernian, Highvale, HisSpaceResearch, HistoryGraduatestudent, HkCaGu, Hmains, Hong Kong Fui, Hottentot, Huaiwei, Husond, Hydrogen Iodide,
IamF4, Iamnotaterrorist, IanManka, Icarusgeek, Idaltu, Ikh, Immunize, Intermess, Iridescent, Isamara, Islandgal, Ism schism, Ixfd64, Iznican, J brack18, J.delanoy, J04n, JForget, JHMM13,
JM.Beaubourg, JYolkowski, JackofOz, Jackol, Jackpollo, Jacktheking123, Jacobi kitchen-gurney, Jake Larsen, Jamesontai, Jaranda, Jatoskep, Jay-Sebastos, JediLofty, Jeff G., Jeff Silvers,
Jeff3000, JenLouise, Jenrosales, Jeronimo, Jfkscw2, Jherbertz, Jhsadvbfjfodusaf, Jiang, Jibzzzy, Jim Dandalous, Jim1138, Jma0211, Jmlk17, Jncraton, Jnigh, Jodete, John Millikin, John Price,
Johnlake44, Johnrhowson, Jojit fb, Jonathan.yap, Jonnymo987, Jonty4113, Jopach, Jose77, Josh Parris, Joshbuddy, Joshdboz, Joshpwnz, Josua n, Josuamudreilagi, Jovianeye, Joyson Prabhu, Jpo,
Jpta, Jptdrake, Juanexp, Jubunooget, Judo112, Juicemarie, Jukanaka, Juliancolton, Jusdafax, Just Another Dan, Juxtanaider, KARL RAN, KGasso, Ka Faraq Gatri, Kahuroa, KaivitiTeen, Kanags,
Kanuifrost, Karen Johnson, Karukera, Katalaveno, Keegan, Keegansmells, Keegz101, Keilana, Kelisi, Kembb001, Kenyon, Keserian, Kevin B12, Kevinccc, Khoikhoi, Kidsholidays, Killian441,
King of Hearts, Kingpin13, Kintetsubuffalo, Kkbabelol, Klilidiplomus, Kneale, Knight of Ashitaka, KnightLago, KnowledgeOfSelf, Knutux, Koavf, Kondi, Kornfan71, Kotniski, Koyaanis Qatsi,
Kryptonian250, Kubigula, Kukini, Kumarnator, Kungfuadam, Kuru, Kwamikagami, LJ Holden, La Parka Your Car, Lacey1234, LadsReppin, Lahiru k, Laicox, Lambsta, Lankiveil, Lars
Washington, Latitude0116, Latka, Lavallen, Lawl95, Leangelodemorte, LeaveSleaves, LedgendGamer, Legryf, LeoDV, Leonard G., Letdemsay, Levineps, Lgh, Liam987, LibStar, Liftarn,
Lightmouse, LilHelpa, Ling.Nut, Lizrael, Lklusener, Llumanwyr, LlywelynII, Logan, Logical2u, Lolol899, Lotje, Lottosupport, Lovecz, Lradrama, Lupin, Luwilt, M.nelson, MBisanz, MER-C,
MJ94, MJCdetroit, MK8, Mac Davis, MacTire, Magicfiji, Mahmudmasri, Maias, Maikeli, Maksim L., Malhonen, Mandarax, Maniadis, Mankind 2k, Marbhu1234, Mark Arsten, Mark conrad27,
Mark lindamood, Markborg, Marktristan, Mars2035, Martin451, Martinwilke1980, Masalai, Mastrchf91, Materialscientist, Matilda Sharks, Matt Smith75, Matt.hatton, Mattbray, Mattbrundage,
Matthew, Matthobbs05, Mauls, Mbirny01, McSly, Mclay1, Mechanical digger, Megapen, Merbabu, Merlinsorca, Merliomar, MiG, Miesianiacal, Mike Halterman, Mike Rosoft, Mike4real,
Mikekalis, Miner00141, Miraculousrandomness, Miss Madeline, Misterrick, Mitch1981, Mm40, Moriori, Morwen, Mostlyharmless, Movedgood, MrSomeone, Msiron, My76Strat, Mysterius,
NHRHS2010, NYCJosh, NYKevin, Nadirali, Natalie Erin, NawlinWiki, Neelix, NeilN, Nerdface19203, Nescio, Neurolysis, Nick, Nickj, Night w, Nightstallion, Ninly, Nnemo, Nohopeforu,
Noisettes, Nono64, Norm mit, Northamerica1000, NotAnonymous0, Notheruser, Notorious4life, Nrambaud, Nvhkth, Obaidz96, Oda Mari, Off2riorob, Offshoresurf, Ohnoitsjamie, Olibird,
Omarpeppy, Onco p53, One, Onorem, Orange Suede Sofa, Oxymoron83, PDH, POds, PZFUN, Panthro, Parik arun, Pasifikninja, Patel24, PatrikR, Paulmcdonald, Paxsimius, Pcrc06,
Peaceworld111, Persian Poet Gal, Peter Karlsen, PeterisP, Petrux, Pgk, Phaldo, Phantomsteve, Phil Boswell, Philip Trueman, Photodunedin, Pike168, Piledhigheranddeeper, Pinethicket, Piotrus,
Pippu d'Angelo, Plasticup, Pmsyyz, Pokeyx99, Polaron, Poopdeck90210, Popsracer, Postdlf, Potrhere, Ppshy1, Praveen211, Primalchaos, Profoss, Proofreader77, Pseudomonas, Pyroflame21,
Q43, Qiliho, Quebec99, QueenCake, Quercus basaseachicensis, Quietust, Quintote, Qxz, R V H, R'n'B, RadiantRay, RafaAzevedo, Ragib, RaiderAspect, Rajiv1995, Rami R, Rarelibra, Rasheed
maheem, RashersTierney, Rastabilly, Ratmangxa, Rauterkus, RaviC, Rcsprinter123, RealFiji, Recognizance, Recurring dreams, Red Director, Reginamotc, Rekker, Remus John Lupin,
Res2216firestar, Resurr Section, RexNL, Rich Farmbrough, Richardcavell, Rick Block, Rickard Vogelberg, Rifinity, Rinay, Rjwilmsi, Rmhermen, Rnricklefs, Rob.derosa, RoddyYoung, Roger
Davies, Roke, Romanm, Ronhjones, RoyBoy, Royalmate1, Rror, Rrostrom, Rulesfan, RxS, Ryulong, SDC, SFC9394, SKC, SPQRobin, SPUI, Sabine's Sunbird, Saforrest, Saimdusan, SaliDTK,
Sam Korn, Samantha555, SameerKhan, Sampi, Samyzlolz, Sandstein, Sango123, Sanjaymaharaj, SaracenKnights, Saufao, Scaife, Scanlan, Schwans, Schwyz, Scipius, Scoo, Scottb1, Sean a.
rose, Sean.hoyland, Seb az86556, Secfan, Secret, Semperf, Senator Palpatine, Senilangakali, Shadowjams, Shanes, Shaunheath, Shell Kinney, Shenme, Sheppa28, Shirt58, Shoaler, Shoy,
Shredder2012, SimonDeDanser, SimonLyall, SimonP, Sk8terboi746, Skier Dude, SkyMachine, SkyWalker, Skyblue9876, Smallfrycjl, Smith.dan, Snorry, Sophus Bie, Spencer, SpookyMulder,
Sprinter77, Srich32977, Stay, Stephen G. Brown, Stephenb, Stig1998, StringRay, Stwalkerster, Suck my hazza, Sueflynn, Sumahoy, Sun Creator, SunCountryGuy01, Sunderland06,
SuperHamster, Sven70, Sylent, THE GREAT HOUDINI, THEN WHO WAS PHONE?, TJ Spyke, TPIRFanSteve, TShilo12, TUF-KAT, Tabletop, Taco325i, TaerkastUA, Tapa.co.nz, TarmoK,
Tbhotch, Team4Technologies, Teles, Tellyaddict, Telso, Template namespace initialisation script, Terrisknickers, Thatsgold, The Rambling Man, The Singing Badger, The Thing That Should
Not Be, The Transhumanist, The cama family, The wub, TheGreerFamily, TheLH, TheRanger, Thegreatdr, Thehelpfulone, Therequiembellishere, Thincat, Thingg, Think outside the box,
Thomas81, Thricecube, Thrór, Thumperward, Thw1309, Tiddly Tom, Tide rolls, Tigershrike, Tiki Nss, Tim1357, Timneu22, Titodutta, Titoxd, Tktru, Tntretro, Tnxman307, Tobby72, Tobias
Conradi, Toddst1, Tokek, Tom Hillstrom, Tom pearce 101, Tom991, Tommy2010, Tony1, Tony360X, TonyTheTiger, Tonywalton, Touch Of Light, Tp 2k7, Tpbradbury, Travel-guider,
Treemapper, Trevor MacInnis, Trivialist, Tusiman, Tweakh, UKWiki, USA306, UW Dawgs, UberScienceNerd, Uganda121, Ukexpat, UnfriendlyFire, Upinthehills, Utcursch, Uuuui88, V6g3h7,
VEO15, VMS Mosaic, Valentinejoesmith, Vampirerj05, Vanisaac, Vanished User 1004, Vardion, Vedant lath, Veinor, Venu62, Versageek, Versus22, Vgranucci, Victor falk, VictorianMutant,
Vrenator, Vsmith, WBeckon, WDavis1911, WadeSimMiser, Waltloc, Wandering canadian, Wantok, Wavelength, Weasel12483, Weetoddid, WeisheitSuchen, WereSpielChequers, Weregerbil,
Wester, Wetawoman, WhisperToMe, Why Not A Duck, Wik, WikHead, Wiki Eto Klevo, Wiki alf, Wikipelli, Wikiperuvian, Wikited, Wilfried Derksen, Willking1979, Wimt, Windsor, Wizard
109109, Woohookitty, Worm That Turned, Wtmitchell, XLerate, Xanzzibar, Xaosflux, Xava, Xdamr, Xiner, Xorkl000, Yamamoto Ichiro, YellowMonkey, Yellowdesk, Yopie, Yuletide, Yummy
Dunn, Yupik, Zachary Klaas, Zaslav, ZayZayEM, Zelse81, Zeno Panthakree, Zscout370, Zsinj, Zulfikkur, Zzuuzz, Île flottante, Žiedas, అహ్మద్ నిసార్, 2189 anonymous edits
Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors
File:Flag of Fiji.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Fiji.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Anime Addict AA, Avala, ButterStick, Denelson83, Fred the
Oyster, Fry1989, Greentubing, Herbythyme, Homo lupus, Klemen Kocjancic, Krun, Lokal Profil, Mattes, Multichill, Neq00, Nightstallion, Sam916, Urhixidur, Vzb83, 8 anonymous edits
File:Coat of Arms Fiji.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Coat_of_Arms_Fiji.svg License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Contributors:
User:Simitukidia
File:Increase2.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Increase2.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Sarang
file:speakerlink-new.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Speakerlink-new.svg License: Creative Commons Zero Contributors: User:Kelvinsong
File:Ratu Tanoa Visawaqa.JPG Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Ratu_Tanoa_Visawaqa.JPG License: Public Domain Contributors: Alfred T. Agate
File:Fijian mountain warrior, Kai Colo.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Fijian_mountain_warrior,_Kai_Colo.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors:
Photographer: F.H. Dufty, Levuka, Fiji
File:Urville-Viti-Lebouka2.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Urville-Viti-Lebouka2.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: Alexan, Mu
File:Bounty Island beach Fiji.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Bounty_Island_beach_Fiji.jpg License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0,2.5,2.0,1.0
Contributors: JaredWiltshire
19
Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors
File:Fijian women ceremonial.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Fijian_women_ceremonial.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: Stinson's Studios, Fiji
File:Sri Siva Subramaniya Temple.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Sri_Siva_Subramaniya_Temple.jpg License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0
Contributors: User:JerryDP
File:Fiji divisions named.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Fiji_divisions_named.png License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Contributors:
User:Golbez
Image:Fiji and oceania.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Fiji_and_oceania.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: Central Intelligence Agency. Original uploader
was Pascal at en.wikipedia
File:Fiji map.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Fiji_map.png License: Public Domain Contributors: Alexander Ilnitsky, EugeneZelenko, Juiced lemon, Ras67,
Thricecube, Tony Wills
File:The Point (Fiji).jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Point_(Fiji).jpg License: Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Contributors: Jon-Eric Melsæter from Oslo,
norway
File:Tree map exports 2009 Fiji.jpeg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Tree_map_exports_2009_Fiji.jpeg License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0
Contributors: Clusternote, Mikhail Ryazanov, Treemapper
File:BureNavala2.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:BureNavala2.jpg License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Contributors: User:Merbabu
Image:Fiji vs Canada RWC2007 lineout.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Fiji_vs_Canada_RWC2007_lineout.jpg License: Creative Commons Attribution 2.0
Contributors: Jason Eckmire from London, England
License
Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported
//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
20