Environmental Declaration 2009 for the Audi Plant in Ingolstadt
Transcription
Environmental Declaration 2009 for the Audi Plant in Ingolstadt
Environmental Declaration 2009 Audi A4 2.0 TDI e * for the Audi Plant in Ingolstadt Responsibility and Commitment for Ecology and Sustainable Mobility “Assuming ecological responsibility is a precondition for our commercial success.” Dr. Dagobert Achatz, Head of Environmental Protection at the Ingolstadt Plant, AUDI AG Contents Foreword 04 Responsibility spanning the generations – 06 100 years of Audi / 60 years of Audi Ingolstadt Integrated Audi environmental management – 08 Transparency and efficiency The environmental policy of AUDI AG – globally uniform standards 09 Audi takes responsibility: Consideration of environmental aspects in the case of products and production facilities, as well as the environmentally compatible use of resources Ingolstadt plant – Audi relies on Germany as a location for industry and business 10 The plant is the headquarters as well as the largest and most important production facility of the Audi Group. The protection of the environment is a top priority 11 The Ecology Steering Committee and the coordination of plant environmental protection. Research and development 12 Audi engineers rely on efficient technology, environmentally compatible materials and lightweight construction. Information and communication 14 Knowledge is crucial to success: Audi employees are regularly trained with regard to environmental protection and energy efficiency. Integrated product policy 16 Environmental standards are maintained throughout the entire Audi supply chain. Efficiency can be experienced – ecological awareness in automotive construction 18 At Audi the logistics chain is planned with the objective of protecting resources. Ecology equates to economy 20 Audi recycles 95 % of waste materials. Resources such as water and wax are reused multiple times in a cyclical process. Intelligent, sustainable solutions 22 Vorsprung durch Technik: TDI engines with ultra-low emissions system, assistance systems, recuperation system, start-stop system. Corporate social responsibility 24 Harmony between ecology, economy and social responsibility: Audi is intensively involved in the area surrounding its plant in Ingolstadt. Data and facts 26 Foreword 04 Peter Kössler, Plant Manager, Audi Ingolstadt Dear readers, to ISO 14001:2004 for the fifth time. That means that the plant has now held the EMAS seal of This environmental declaration provides you with approval for more than twelve years. detailed information about the work undertaken The involvement of the entire workforce is espe- for environmental protection at the Ingolstadt cially important to Audi. For that reason, environ- plant in the past three years. All of our activities mental protection continues to be an important are based on the principle of the Integrated component of the Audi Production System (APS). Product Policy (IPP) and relate to the entire The employees are made aware of those environ- lifecycle of our cars – from development and mental topics within the production process that production through the use of the vehicle to they themselves influence. No less important is the end-of-life disposal. qualification of Audi employees with a multiplier The basis for the continuous enhancement function. These include, for example, the plant of our environmental work is a well-functioning environmental protection representatives and the environmental management system. Its measures prospective production team leaders. The appren- range from the committed involvement of all our tices at Audi are also systematically introduced to employees in environmental topics, through the the topic of environmental protection. use of efficient technologies in order to conserve Conservation of resources and climate protection resources, to cooperative projects with other com- are key components of the Audi corporate philosophy. panies. Above all, the focus is on the subject of energy: Commitment that pays off: In April 2009, the an entire package of projects has contributed environmental experts from DEKRA Certification to the fact that overall energy consumption has GmbH successfully revalidated the Audi plant in been held at a stable level in recent years, despite Ingolstadt according to the EU eco-management increasing car production. Energy-saving measures and audit scheme (EMAS) and certified it according are already considered in the planning phase. That Conservation of resources and climate protection are key components of the Audi corporate philosophy. applies both for equipment and buildings in pro- Recycling and water-saving processes (dry process- duction and technical development, as well as for ing in mechanical production, cascade rinsing in infrastructure and the needs of logistics. the paint shop etc.) reduce water consumption AUDI AG has set itself the goal for 2020 of reducing the plant and company-related CO2 emissions and the volume of wastewater. per vehicle produced by 30 percent compared to Ingolstadt plant. Pilot projects currently under- 1990. In order to achieve this goal, it will be nec- way in the paint shop deal with the biological essary to continue improving the energy efficiency treatment of rinsing water and the recovery of of our production facilities in a sustainable manner. charge materials in the pre-treatment process. Technical measures have already proven to be Audi is also increasingly using rainwater at the Both are intended to achieve a considerable effective for many years. This includes, for example, reduction in the quantity of waste to be disposed the use of district heating, heat recovery systems of, as well as the conservation of resources. and the employment of a modern combined power, Audi is working consistently on the systems, heating and cooling plant on site. Organisational structure and expansion of its environmental infor- measures, with which we have continuously reduced mation system. Increased process reliability and the use of electricity, natural gas, water and com- simplified monitoring are the primary objectives pressed air, have also proven to be effective. But in that context. In the year under review, new we are not resting on our laurels. On the contrary, computer-based systems were introduced for we are still continuously improving our processes. waste management and for the documentation There are currently studies underway that are of contaminated sites. looking into the feasibility of new energy-saving AUDI AG is committed to Bavaria’s environmen- projects. These include, for example, expanding tal pact, which in its third update bears the motto the use of district heating and utilising ground- “Environmentally Compatible Economic Growth”. breaking renewable energy sources such as geo- The exchange of information with supplier compa- thermal energy. nies has a special status in this context. Following the conclusion of the first trading Over and beyond these many and varied meas- period, the second period (2008 to 2012) of CO2 emissions rights trading started in 2008. There ures, Audi is committed to the environment at all are two plants involved in emissions trading at the hensive information policy. Efficiency at Audi was Ingolstadt site: the east/west heating plant and the theme of the P-TechDay, an information day the combined power, heating and cooling plant. for journalists in October 2008. On the occasion The emissions certificates were applied for in good of the Geneva Motor Show 2009, Audi presented time and have already been issued. Thanks to the “Dialogues – The Audi Environmental Magazine”, prompt measures taken to increase energy effi- the follow-up publication to the Environmental ciency and for the specific prevention of emissions, Report in 2005. of its plants and facilities and pursues a compre- as things stand at the moment no charges are to be expected in the second trading period arising I hope you find this environmental declaration to from emissions trading for the site. be an interesting and enlightening read. Audi, of course, implements climate protection measures, especially in the case of its cars. Fuel consumption and harmful emissions are being systematically reduced: by 2012, Audi will reduce the CO2-emissions of its models by around 20 percent. But at the production plant, an important role is Peter Kössler also played by the sustainable and responsible Plant Management, Ingolstadt use of other resources such as water, for example. Environmental Management Representative 05 Responsibility spanning the generations – 100 years of Audi / 60 years of Audi Ingolstadt 06 The cars bearing the four rings are produced at seven plants around the world. The Audi plant in Ingolstadt is the headquarters and the most important production facility. Principle: Sustainable mobility. 07 In 1909, German engineer August Horch establishes the company in Zwickau and calls it AUDI – after the Latin translation of his surname. As a result of a merger with the manufacturers DKW, Wanderer and Horch, Auto Union AG, based in Chemnitz, is created in the crisis year of 1932. After the end of the Second World War, the company is re-established in Bavaria in 1949. To this day, the plant in Ingolstadt remains the Group’s most important production facility: more than half of all Audi employees are employed at this site. Over half a million vehicles are produced in Ingolstadt every year, and large quantities of energy, water and rawmaterials are used for this purpose. Sustainable action and commercial success are indivisibly linked for Audi: the goal is to harmonise individual mobility and driving pleasure with the needs of future generations. In Ingolstadt, Audi has committed itself to the goal of systematically improving environmental protection at the site, over and beyond the legal requirements. The Ingolstadt plant has already borne the seal of approval of the European Union for outstanding environmental protection (EMAS II) since 1997, and is certified every year according to the globally valid standard DIN EN ISO 14001. “Audi”: Latin for “listen” (German: “Horch”) The establishment and naming of the company goes back to the German mechanical engineer August Horch (1868 – 1951). Integrated Audi environmental management – Transparency and efficiency 08 Research and development Corporate social responsibility Information and communication Cars Integrated product policy Production Research and Development Production Audi stands for innovation. The engineers contin- The “closed-loop principle” at the Ingolstadt uously improve mobility while taking the environ- plant serves to reduce the pollution of the envi- ment into consideration. ronment to a minimum. Information and Communication Cars Employees are regularly trained with regard to Combining efficiency with sportiness: environmental protection and energy efficiency. Taking environmental aspects into consideration Audi also engages in dialogue with universities, is also intended to enable future generations to local authorities, associations and the local popu- enjoy individual mobility. lation. Corporate social responsibility Integrated product policy Thinking ahead and acting in a socially responsi- Audi’s environmental concept covers the lifecycle ble manner: In relation to employees, supplier of a car and also includes suppliers: from the companies and the public, Audi always acts in the extraction of raw materials, through production knowledge that it bears responsibility for sustain- to the end-of-life disposal of the car. able development spanning the generations. Integrated Audi environmental management The environmental policy of AUDI AG – globally uniform standards Preamble 4. The environmental management of AUDI AG, AUDI AG develops, produces, and sells cars world- together with supplier companies, service pro- wide. The goal is to guarantee individual mobility. viders, trading partners and recycling companies, It also bears responsibility for the continuous ensures that the environmental compatibility of improvement of the environmental compatibility the cars and production plants is continuously of the products and production facilities, as well improved. as for the environmentally compatible use of natural resources. 5. The Executive Board of AUDI AG is responsible The development status of advanced technologies for adherence to the environmental policy as well is taken into account for this purpose, from both as the functionality of the environmental man- ecological and economical viewpoints. AUDI AG agement system. There are regular checks of the makes these technologies available worldwide, environmental policy with regard to its suitability enabling their application throughout the entire and fitness for purpose, and – insofar as neces- process chain. At all of its locations, it is a partner sary – updates. for the community and the political establishment, thus contributing to positive social and 6. An open and clear dialogue with customers, ecological development in a sustainable manner. dealers and the public is a matter of course for AUDI AG. 1. AUDI AG offers high-quality cars, which meet Cooperation with politicians and local authorities their customer’s expectations in terms of envi- is on a basis of trust. It also includes emergency ronmental compatibility, economy, safety, quality precautions and emergency maintenance at the and comfort in equal measure. individual production sites. 2. Research and development are components of 7. All employees of AUDI AG are informed, Audi’s environmental policy. AUDI AG develops qualified and motivated in environmental ecologically efficient processes and concepts for protection as appropriate to their function, its products, thus increasing their international so that their sense of responsibility for the competitiveness. environment is encouraged. They are committed to these principles. 3. It is the declared goal of AUDI AG to foresee and avoid any harmful effects on the environment 8. This environmental policy is binding for all in all of its activities. AUDI AG plants and is supplemented or substanti- Compliance with environmental regulations is a ated by the formulation of plant-related primary matter of course. areas of action. 09 Ingolstadt plant – Audi relies on Germany as a location for industry and business 10 The Ingolstadt plant has existed since 1949. Development, Production and Logistics Auto Union GmbH, the predecessor to AUDI The plant premises house the production facil- AG, set up its company headquarters here and ity with the pressing shop, the body shop, the assembly shop, component production and the produced motorcycles, light vans and spare paint shop. Technical Development is located in parts. Today the Audi plant in Ingolstadt the northwest. The Audi Museum, the Customer houses not only the headquarters but also the Center and the glass “Market and Customer” building are arranged around the Audi Piazza. largest and most important production facility The latter houses workstations for more than in the Audi Group. Around 32,000 employees 600 employees in the Sales, Marketing and Public work on the 210 hectare premises – in research Relations departments, as well as service facilities for customers and visitors, such as Audi and development, production, logistics and Bank direct, a travel agency, the Employee administration. Audi produces the A3, A4 and Vehicle Centre and Audi Personnel Service. The Q5 model series, as well as components of the Piazza associated with this forum offers space for open-air events, while the Piazzetta with its Audi TT Coupé in Ingolstadt. Numerous suppli- pools and lawns, trees and shrubs, is the perfect ers have set up plants in the area. place to relax. The heating requirements of the The company premises and connection to a district heating system. site are covered by two heating plants, one combined power, heating and cooling plant, Around 914,500 square metres of the company Audi treats its wastewater in two decentralised premises in Ingolstadt are covered by buildings. wastewater plants. Other important facilities In the south and southeast, the company premis- include the buildings of the works fire brigade, es are adjoined by a general residential area and car washes, filling stations, a waste materials to the north and east there is an industrial area. facility and a recycling collection point. The Along the southwest border of the Audi plant site has its own rail connection and is adjacent there is a general residential area. A stream flows to the freight transport centre, which was estab- through the company premises, in part above lished in 1995 and where numerous suppliers ground. have set up shop. Ecology Steering Committee, AUDI AG Organisation Director: Peter Kössler / Management: Dr. Dagobert Achatz Task force Task force Task force Task force Sustainability Environmental audit Environmental management IPP Audi plant, Ingolstadt Organisation of Environmental Protection Executive Board Chairman of the Executive Board Purchasing Emission Protection Technical Development Finance and Organisation Production §52a BImSchG [FEPA]* Personnel and Social Welfare Planning Assemblies Plant Management, Ingolstadt: Environmental Management Representative Overall Planning A3 Production Segment Head of Plant Environmental Protection : Environmental Protection Representative A4 Production Segment Environmental Protection Projects Water Pollution Control Environmental Audit Waste Management Environmental Data Register Marketing and Sales 11 Contaminated Sites *Bundes-Immissionsschutzgesetz [Federal Emission Protection Act] The protection of the environment is a top The Ecology Steering Committee priority Bodies coordinate environmental protection on Overall responsibility for environmental protec- two levels within the company. The Environmental tion lies with the Executive Board, which entrusts Protection Coordination Group, headed by the member of the Production division with the the Director of Production, is comprised of the execution of the environmental protection tasks. respective environmental management represen The Director of Production is thus responsible tatives of the Group companies Audi Ingolstadt, for compliance with the environmental policy. Audi Hungaria Motor Kft., Audi Brussels S.A. / N.V. According to § 52a of the Federal Emission and Automobili Lamborghini Holding S.p.A. Protection Act he is also obligated, among It deals with strategic environmental protection other things, to monitor compliance with the topics and commissions the environmental bodies legal environmental provisions for systems to develop proposals in that regard. requiring approval. However, as he is entitled to A key role is played at the level of AUDI AG by the delegate these tasks, the Director of Production Ecology Steering Committee, which implements passes them on accordingly to the operators of the instructions from the superior Environmental environmentally relevant systems. The “Plant Protection Coordination Group and works out Environmental Protection” department is respon- appropriate environmental protection strategies. sible for company and plant-related environmental It has the task of enhancing employees’ eco- protection. The head of the “Plant Environmental logical awareness and of employing task forces Protection” department in Ingolstadt also con- made up of members of different departments ducts the coordination between plants on Plant and from different plants to develop and Environmental Protection topics at AUDI AG. For implement environmental protection topics. each location the Executive Board nominates the As necessary, several task forces on topics Head of Plant Environmental Protection as the such as Sustainability, Environmental Audit, Plant Environmental Protection Representative Environmental Management and Integrated and assigns him the task of ensuring that each Product Policy are subordinated to the Ecology plant satisfies the legal provisions. In addition to Steering Committee. They develop programmes this, all plants each have their own environmental for environmental protection measures, gener- management representative, who is responsible ate a communication concept, make proposals for the successful implementation of the envi- for strategic environmental protection topics ronmental management system. In Ingolstadt and present them to the Ecology Steering this role is assumed by the Plant Manager. Committee. Research and Development – Innovations as a contribution to environmental protection 12 Audi is a company that stands for innovation. Lighter and safer In that respect, the employees who work in Intelligent lightweight construction means Technical Development, Planning and Produc- greater safety and lower fuel consumption – groundbreaking solutions are developed in tion in Ingolstadt assume a key role. Prevent- Ingolstadt. ing environmental pollution by means of In what is known as lightweight construction foresight is considered to be the number-one quality, the relationship between weight, torsional rigidity and size, Audi is making a principle at Audi. decisive impression on modern body manufac- When developing new models, the engineers turing. Form-hardened steel makes the body rely on efficient technology, environmentally extremely impact-resistant and saves almost a third in weight compared to conventional compatible materials and lightweight con- components. On the road that means lower struction. fuel consumption. LED technology reduces levels of CO 2 Efficient, reliable, striking – Audi was the first car Neustadt Test Site manufacturerto recognise the potential of the Danube, Audi engineers test their latest revolutionary LED lighting technology and developments for performance, fuel consumption, incorporate it into vehicle development. wear and noise emissions. In the adjoining Audi holds a technological lead of several years corrosion protection centre, vehicles are subjected and is driving development forward. LEDs reduce to accelerated aging processes. Audi naturally fuel consumption. Classic dipped headlights, tail compensates for the sealed surfaces: half a lights and number plate lights demand continu- million trees and shrubs have been planted ous power from the alternator. LED technology, around the facilities. Flora and fauna find new on the other hand, gets by on less than 10% of habitats, including various native species of this power output. animals and plants that are threatened with In effect that means considerably less CO2emission per kilometre. And additional safety extinction. An expert report provides evidence too: visibility to other road users is considerably has been created on the area formerly used for enhanced by means of LED lighting technology. intensive farming. Research and development On an extensive test site in Neustadt on the of the success of the measures taken. A biotope Research: Aerodynamics and LEDs reduce fuel consumption 13 The climatic wind tunnel at the Audi plant in Ingolstadt provides findings for the development of fuel-efficient cooling systems. Wind Tunnel Centre Pre-Series Centre The Ingolstadt plant has a modern wind tunnel The new building for the Audi Pre-Series Centre centre with three test rigs. The heart of the (“Vorserien-Center” – VSC) was completed in 2008 10,000 square metre area is a fan, which at the Ingolstadt plant. The interests of Technical delivers the air into the measurement zone Development and Production are combined in through a six square-metre duct. As the first one area of responsibility in the VSC. This form of facility of this type, it is possible to generate organisation ensures that product characteristics speeds of up to 300 km/h in the Audi climatic and production techniques are sorted out early in wind tunnel in Ingolstadt. In addition to heat the development phase. For example, in what is and cold, it is also possible to simulate sunlight known as the “Cave” it is possible to guarantee with up to 1,200 watts per square metre, as the buildability of the prototypes in virtual terms well as rain. It is even possible to create snow. in the initial concept phase of a product, and It is thus possible to carry out trials on the systematically simulate construction of the car cooling performance of the oil and water circuits, long before the initial hardware is created. In the engine or the interior at extremely high or this way it is possible to detect and remedy any low temperatures. problems at an early stage, and the sequence of With the climatic wind tunnel a tool has been actions in production can be configured even more created that will make a sustainable contribution to the reduction of CO2 emissions. As a result of efficiently, for example in terms of energy saving the findings made on the test rigs, it will be pos- houses office space, workshops for car production sible to develop improved and more fuel-efficient and commissioning, as well as testing facilities cooling systems for cars. and a logistics area. or the avoidance of waste. The five-storey building Information und communication – Knowledge is crucial to success 14 Information and communication Regular training of employees with regard to environmental protection and energy efficiency. Multipliers in environmental protection tion prevention, environmental law and environ- Expertise and commitment on the part of mental management. There is a training day once Audi employees are crucial to the success of a year on a particular environmental topic for environmental management. The environmen- each of the occupational groups. tal protection method module is an important component of the Audi production system. Here Guided tours of the plant environmental protection is actively encouraged Tours of the plant are regularly organised on by promoting awareness of those topics that the topic of “The ecological side of production”. employees can locally influence themselves. These focus on providing information about Plant environmental protection representatives, modern environmental protection measures, and especially trained by the environment department, in particular about emissions protection. The impart necessary knowledge to their colleagues, basic principles of combined power, heating and instruct them in environmentally compatible cooling plants, water cycles and the elaborate behaviour and inform them about the latest technology of industrial wastewater treatment in developments. In order to be able to optimally the Ingolstadt plant are explained in detail. carry out their roles, the environmental representatives attend further training events several Cooperation with Universities and Research times a year, organised by the Environmental Institutes Protection department. These cover current Audi has cooperated in projects with several uni- events such as changes in environmental legis- versities and research institutes in recent years. A lation or construction activities, but also more elevated topics such as CO2 emissions trading. In strategic partnership exists with the University for order to identify energy saving potential, a “team area of “Production and Automation Technology” of energy delegates” examines possible ways of was created at the Institute for Applied Research using energy even more efficiently, together with with the support of AUDI AG. Projects from the the local workforce. Prospective production team topic areas of mobile robotics, body manufac- leaders receive detailed information about plant turing, automation technology, resistance spot environmental protection at Audi in the course of welding, paint mixing processes and logistics are their internal further training. Furthermore, Audi brought together here. Applied Sciences FH Ingolstadt: The competency makes its environmental protection transparent by means of numerous publications, for example In one study, Audi specialists have already inves- in the annual environmental declarations and in tigated how butyl glycol/water mixtures from the the Audi environmental magazine. paint shops can be recycled in alternative ways in order to reduce non-recyclable waste. Further The topic of the environment in vocational environmental lifecycle assessments in the context training of vehicle exterior corrosion protection have been Audi offers apprenticeships in 20 occupations. produced by Audi in collaboration with the Bavar- Environmental protection is regularly featured on ian Institute for Applied Environmental Research the timetable: The teaching covers topics such as and Technology [Bayerischer Institut für Ange- heat recovery, water pollution prevention, emis- wandte Umweltforschung und –technik GmbH]. sions protection, waste prevention, noise pollu- 15 Integrated product policy – Environmental awareness throughout the value–added chain 16 Environmental protection covers the entire Throughout the value-added chain lifecycle of the car at Audi. From the extraction Key elements of the Integrated Product Policy and preparation of raw materials through are cooperation and communication between the players throughout the value-added chain. On manufacturing, transport, marketing and usage the one hand, each of the suppliers that have to end-of-life disposal, all of the phases are a direct or indirect influence on the product optimised from an ecological point of view. characteristics must exercise its design options. At the same time, the suppliers must be aware This principle is called Integrated Product Policy of the consequences of their actions with regard (IPP) and stands as a synonym for the environ- to other phases in the product lifecycle. In mentally compatible development of processes this way, sustainability is created in the supply chain. and products. Integrated approach Simultaneous engineering Audi views the production cycle as an integrated At Audi, environmental protection starts where process: from the extraction of raw materials the greatest effect can be achieved: in product through manufacturing, sales and usage right up design and development. Audi employs simultane- to waste disposal. In order to reduce the environ- ous engineering from the initial planning phase mental pollution produced by a car, it is necessary onwards. This takes the form of the parallel to take into account the environmental effects at processing of tasks in technical development. every stage in its production and usage. Integrat- All those involved in the creation of a vehicle, ed product policy includes protection of the including the suppliers, strive to integrate environ- environmental media of ground, water and air, as mentally relevant aspects into all processes. One well as global resources. Production paths are such measure, for example, means that subsequent viewed in their context in order to prevent the recycling and ease of repairare already taken into mere displacement of pollution. account in the selection of materials. All of the production phases are also optimised from an ecological point of view by means of simultaneous engineering. Integrated Product Policy Environmental protection covers the entire lifecycle of the car at Audi. 17 Audi environmental standards Dual-Victory Strategy In the context of its integrated approach to The integrated consideration of the entire vehicle and component manufacturing, usage, product lifecycle opens up new ecological maintenance, repair and end-of-life vehicle potential, both in product-related environmental disposal, Audi communicates clear requirements protection and in the design of processes. to the supplier industry. In their development Integrated product policy is a concrete problem- activities, all production partners focus on the solving approach at Audi Ingolstadt. In doing so, avoidance of harmful substances, the conserva- Audi aims not only for ecological improvements tion of resources and the recycling of materials. but also for sustainable concepts that deal with Audi must be notified of all environmentally economic as well as social aspects. Consideration relevant components by type and quantity, as of the entire lifecycle in the development phase well as any treatment and disposal information. of the car enables product design to take into All Audi production partners can verify current account environmental aspects, with technical specifications with an online database via an innovations. Less energy and materials are electronic supplier link. In the system they will needed. Recycling and disposal are simpler and find a list of all the directives and standards that less polluting. Occasionally it also has a positive Audi demands in its “Specifications for Environ- effect on production costs. At any rate, there is a mental and Human Compatibility” [Lastenheft bonus in terms of resource and climate protection Umwelt- und Humanverträglichkeit] and its as a consequence. A win-win situation for everyone! “Group Environmental Standard, Vehicles” [Konzern-Umweltnorm Fahrzeug]. A further, similarly Internet-based database provides details relating to material description, which Audi has produced in collaboration with the other car manufacturers and with the support of the VDA, the German Association of the Automotive Industry. With this “International Material Data System” (IMDS), the partners in the supply chain communicate the material content of their products to each of their customers. Finally this information arrives at the end of the chain, in the Ingolstadt plant. Audi then checks whether the material content corresponds with their own specifications and with the legal requirements. Suppliers must specify all environmentally relevant components by type and quantity. Efficiency can be experienced – ecological awareness in automotive construction 18 Audi consumes energy, water and raw materials them pressed into shape in a cooled die. Among in vehicle production. Waste materials, waste- other things, the advantage lies in the fuel saving water and emissions are created in the process. achieved as a result of the lower weight of the vehicle. At Audi, several procedures are rendered Both – be it input or output – are reduced to the unnecessary in one stroke, as the high-strength absolute necessary minimum by the Ingolstadt sheet metal components can replace the other- plant. The “closed loop principle” has a wise usual sheet metal structures nested inside one another. particularly positive effect: resources such as water or wax are reused several times in the production process. It is a primary principle at Use of drawing compounds and hydraulic oils In the pressing shop, oils are used for the presses and for sheet metal forming. The changeover from Audi to foresee and prevent environmental hydraulic to mechanical press drive systems means pollution. that it is possible to reduce the consumption of hydraulic oils and electrical energy. The basic oiling of the metal performed by the sheet metal manu- Pressing shop facturer makes the addition of drawing compound The pressing shop in Ingolstadt produces sheet virtually superfluous. As a result of the delivery metal components for the bodies of the A3, quality, it is possible to dispense with the otherwise A4, A5, Q5, Q7 and TT models. An average of normal washing procedures before forming. 1,700 tonnes of sheet steel and aluminium are processed there every day. Rolls of sheet metal Recycling of residual metals weighing up to 30 tonnes each are cut into blanks There is a recycling loop for unneeded sheet metal: and pressed into the required shape. The mate- during the manufacturing process, offcuts fall rial that is not needed is cut off in the process through chutes onto a conveyer belt in the press and completely recycled. After the finished sheet shop cellar. The residual metal is conveyed to metal components have been stacked in special a packing press, which compresses every 300 kg containers, the body shop can access them. of loose sheet metal offcuts into a compact Ingolstadt has what is currently one of the most cube. These cubes are returned by rail to the modern presses for large body components. As a manufacturer and are melted down again there. result of its power – total pressing force of 7,700 To the extent possible, the metal offcuts accu tonnes at a maximum speed of 16 strokes per mulated in the pressing shop are used for minute – it replaces three hydraulic pressing the manufacturing of small components. lines of an older design. The use of high-strength The compact cube form guarantees a minimum materials in the vehicle body required an entirely transportation volume. At the same time, experts new production process at Audi. In two hot minimise the amount of sheet metal waste in the forming lines the initial blanks are heated and product planning phase. Production Innovative lightweight construction reduces fuel consumption. 19 Shocks and vibrations Paint shop Every meeting of the two halves of the die, Painting is the part of the process with the great- weighing up to 22 tonnes, causes noise and est environmental relevance. Solvent emissions vibrations. The shocks and vibrations from up to have been drastically reduced since the changeover 500,000 strokes a day are virtually eliminated by to water-based paints. All of the paints used in positioning the presses not directly onto the Ingolstadt are lead-free. The degree of automation concrete foundation but onto coil springs, which is continually being developed in order to minimise absorb the vibrations to a large extent. spray losses when painting. This includes such processes as electrostatic application. Flushing Body shop systems in the spray booths reduce the release Robots weld together individual components of of paint particles. The extracted air from the filler steel and aluminium into subassemblies to create and clear lacquer dryers is taken to a thermal a vehicle skeleton. Various jointing techniques are post-combustion unit and the resulting heat is used. Innovative spot-welding, laser-welding and used again to heat the dryer. Closed water loops adhesive techniques reduce the consumption of ensure a significant reduction in water consump- operating materials. The cleaner the welding tion in the painting process. electrodes of the robots, the lower the energy consumption. For that reason the electrodes are Phosphatising cleaned regularly. After the body has been The surface of the body must be pre-treated at assembled up to the passenger compartment, the the start of the painting process. Phosphatising doors, bonnets, boots and tailgates are fitted. The baths protect against corrosion and result in types of pollution caused in the body shop include better adhesion of the paint. non-hardened adhesives, emissions of dust and This process generates rinsing water, which is pol- harmful substances resulting from grinding and luted with nickel, manganese, zinc and zirconium. welding procedures, as well as noise from produc- Using a split flow treatment method, it is possible tion equipment and ventilation systems. High to precipitate out a high proportion of these heavy levels of efficiency and improved spot weld quality metals. As a result of this process, the legal limits are achieved as a result of the changeover from for discharge into the sewer system are met by a pneumatic welding tongs to electrically operated large margin. welding tongs. At the same time, another positive effect is the reduction in energy consumption, and hence in CO2 emissions. Water: Audi has reduced the specific wastewater volume by 67 % in 20 years. Ecology equates to economy – Audi recycles 95 % of residual materials 20 Sustainable production includes the efficient Logistics use of resources and taking into account the A modern, environmentally conscious logistics interests of employees. The logistics chain at system is characterised by short information and transportation paths. Systems and modules are Audi is efficiently planned and hence sparing in assembled outside the factory gates and are de- the use of resources – from the transportation of livered to the assembly line precisely in sequence. parts to the Ingolstadt plant up to the delivery This concept is also based on the freight transport centre at the Ingolstadt plant of AUDI AG. In of finished cars by rail. The use of energy is also five assembly centres, module suppliers produce efficient: The plant’s own power station supplies their subassemblies “just in time” and use their parts of the plant with power, heat and cooling. own staff and means of transport to deliver them to the assembly lines of their own accord. Component production Vehicle assembly In the Component Production department at the The vehicles are assembled on three multi-storey Ingolstadt plant, around 900 employees proc- assembly lines. The individual parts assembled ess engine components and running gear parts, into subassemblies are transported by means of prepare assemblies, mount and balance wheels. conveyor systems to the assembly lines. There the They use around 300 production systems for this vehicles – attached to sleds or to suspension con- purpose. veyors – are moved along the line. The mounts are The most important production processes are adjustable in height and can be adapted to suit turning, drilling, milling, grinding, honing, each of the employees involved. All components hardening, roller burnishing and laser notching. are delivered in reusable packaging or recyclable In this way, various unprocessed parts are turned non-reusable packaging. In the final production into engine components, such as engine blocks, stage the engine, gearbox and vehicle electrics connecting rods, cylinder heads and camshafts. are installed in the body. Then it is time for the The disposal of waste, including used oil, cooling fuel tank and the pre-assembled drive train, the lubricant emulsions and filter elements, is strictly exhaust system, bumpers, wheels and seats. One monitored and the accumulating metal shavings special feature in terms of ergonomics is the are collected as recyclable materials. Consump- design of the floor: all of the walkways are made tion has been reduced by means of systematic of vibration-absorbing material. The vehicles are tracking of oil and cooling lubricant consump- filled with fuel before they come off the produc- tion, e. g. by extending the service life of cooling tion line and the escaping fuel fumes are immedi- lubricants. ately extracted. Audi relies on dry processing wherever possible, a process that manages without cooling lubricant. Production Production: Audi Ingolstadt relies on recycling management Ingolstadt Cooperative Heating Network ance at the Ingolstadt plant. Heating oil plays a There are some major waste heat producers in subordinate role. Heat requirements are covered Ingolstadt, in the form of refineries. Major heat by means of a district heating connection to the consumers include AUDI AG and the Ingolstadt municipal waste incineration facility in Ingolstadt, city utilities department. In the context of the as well as two heating plants running predomi- “Ingolstadt Cooperative Heating Study” funded by nantly on natural gas, and a combined power, the Bavarian environment ministry, Audi has col- heating and cooling plant. laborated intensively in recent years on concepts for various versions of a cooperative joint network Waste balance sheet of waste heat producers and waste heat users in Almost no non-recyclable waste is now accumu- the Ingolstadt region. lated at the Ingolstadt plant: around 95 percent of waste is recycled. Individual materials such as Alternative energies scrap steel are virtually entirely reused in the Potential studies are considering the feasibility of context of a recycling management system. In further energy-saving projects. These include March of 2006 a highly efficient emulsion topics such as the aforementioned “expansion of vaporisation system was installed at the Ingol- the use of district heating” or the “use of ground- stadt plant for the physical treatment of the breaking renewable energy sources”, such as emulsions and washing water accumulated at geothermal energy. For example, Audi produced a the plant. In this way the company reduces the study on the use of groundwater for cooling transport costs for the disposal of emulsions by purposes. The study shows that there can be about 70 percent. sustainable extraction of water from the quaternary groundwater aquifer. As a result, it would be End-of-life vehicle recycling possible to achieve a cooling output of 880 kW As a result of the high proportion of recyclable with a temperature spread of 6 degrees Kelvin. materials, old cars are a significant secondary source of raw materials. All of the vehicles Energy supply developed by Audi can be up to 95 percent The savings measures of recent years, such as recycled. As a manufacturer, Audi satisfies the more energy-efficient installations and energy- directive about the recovery of end-of-life vehicles optimised plant operating procedures are having in Germany for all of its models. Functional a visible effect: electrical units such as starters and alternators The energy consumption per vehicle produced is are reconditioned at the Ingolstadt plant. Audi falling, even in the case of the primary consumers customers can decide for themselves in the event in the paint shop and in the body shop. Heat of a repair whether their car is to receive a new recovery systems, such as rotating heat exchang- component or an equally functional reconditioned ers, are also improving environmental perform- unit. 21 Intelligent, groundbreaking solutions – Vorsprung durch Technik 22 For decades Audi has been building highly efficient internal combustion engines, which are being continuously improved. That applies not only to the TDI diesel engines, which with the ultra-low emission system already beat the strictest pollution limits announced in Europe and the USA, but also to the current TFSI petrol engines. But the engine is only half the story when it comes to fuel consumption. For that reason, Audi examines every single vehicle component for its fuel-saving potential. Assistance systems Intelligent technical details enable a more efficient use of fuel. Gearshift displays in the driver’s line of vision show in which gear the least emissions will be released, depending on the current engine load and engine speed. Another innovative approach is the recommendation of the route that promises the lowest fuel consumption. The fuel consumption factor is added to the computational logic of the navigation system for that purpose. Recuperation system A recuperation system recovers energy during braking and coasting, and stores it temporarily in a battery. When a conventional vehicle slows down, part of its kinetic energy is converted into heat by the brakes. It is thus released into the environment unused, as a loss. Audi’s recuperation system converts the kinetic energy into usable electrical energy. Start-stop system Start-stop functions have a similarly positive effect on energy management. They avoid the inefficient idling phases when the vehicle is stationary. The internal combustion engine is switched of after the vehicle has stopped. The energy requirements of the electrical system are covered by a battery. Car Sophisticated exhaust emission cleaning already beats future limits. Modular Efficiency Platform The start-stop system and recuperation are only two of the technology modules that Audi combines under the term “Modular Efficiency Platform”. This platform includes many other innovations – even more efficient engines, an even wider range of high-tech gearboxes as well as new mechanical and hydraulic ancillary units such as power assisted steering pumps and alternators with low energy consumption. TDI evolution: Audi develops efficient diesel technology 23 Corporate social responsibility – Harmony between ecology, economy and social responsibility 24 Corporate social responsibility Basic principle: responsible action. Bavarian Environmental Pact III Enhancing the quality of life The work of the Bavarian Environmental Pact Audi makes an active contribution to enhancing consists in the commitment of the partners to the attractiveness and quality of life of the Ingol- the conservation of resources and to the applica- stadt location. This involves such fundamental tion of eco-friendly technologies with the goal of things as secure jobs and employee profit-sharing. achieving environmentally compatible economic Audi is intensively involved in the immediate, growth. For that purpose there are topic-specific regional area surrounding its plant in Ingolstadt. working forums, which formulate targets and This is also demonstrated by the establishment issue recommendations for their implementation of an association for the development of the with the help of external experts. As a member Ingolstadt region, together with the city, of the Bavarian Environmental Pact III, Audi is administrative districts and other companies. involved in such things as the IPP working forum. Its objectives include a high level of innovation in Audi has devoted itself to Integrated Product research and development in the region, as well as Policy (IPP) for many years now, and as a result enhancement of the attractiveness of the region has achieved considerable reductions in environ- for visitors, future residents and employers. mental pollution. A training concept for Bavarian companies was commissioned in the IPP working Oak forest project forum and has already been tested in the context In collaboration with the Bavarian State Forests of a workshop with the collaboration of Audi. The and the Chair of Forestry at the Technical Univer- training concept is primarily aimed at smaller and sity of Munich, Audi launched the “Oak Forest medium-sized companies in the supply industry, Carbon Storage” project in 2008. This cooperative which still have development possibilities with venture started with the reforestation of a regard to IPP. In this way Audi contributes to wooded area in the Kösching Forest to the making the experiences gained in the area of IPP northeast of Ingolstadt. Massive damage had accessible to smaller and medium-sized compa- been caused by bark beetles, drought and the nies too. winter storm “Kyrill” in early 2007. Where pine trees used to stand, stable, ecologically high- Creating attractive working conditions quality deciduous woodland is now growing: Motivated and committed employees secure the 36,000 oaks have been planted. Oaks are among success of the company. Employee identification the types of trees that can store a very large with the brand is very high at Audi. In the Uni- quantity of carbon in their fully-grown state. versum “Ideal Employer” ranking, the Ingolstadt They also create a very diverse habitat for all car company has repeatedly been voted into first sorts of animal and plant species. The area has place by engineering graduates. Audi is also in the been established according to a special scientific top five among economics and business students. experimental design in order to investigate When choosing an employer, a good working the most favourable planting density with atmosphere plays a key role, but so do factors regard to carbon storage and biological such as fascinating products, market success, diversity. The project is particularly suitable interesting work, as well as secure employment for research into the reciprocity of climate and personal development possibilities. change and biodiversity. 25 26 Data and facts 28 Environmental management system 29 Environmental performance assessment 30 Data and facts about environmental protection 31 Energy and water 32 Wastewater 34 Waste 36 Emissions 37 Noise 38 Contaminated Sites 39 Environmentally relevant systems 40 Environmental programme – Implementation status 2009 27 The environmental management system – continuous improvement The Ingolstadt plant was examined according to EMAS II in 2008, and at the same time certified according to ISO 14001. Furthermore, the Updated Environmental BUWAL Evaluation 2008 in % Declaration 2008 was audited and confirmed by the inspectors of DEKRA Certification GmbH. The high level of performance of the Audi environmental management system is maintained by such factors Traffic as the regularly conducted internal environmental Solvent emissions checks and management audits. These repeatedly Noise reveal potential improvements to production systems and processes. The certain compliance with legal provisions and Audi standards is of primary importance in 15,2 Energy use 10,7 10,8 0,1 3,8 Wastewater Waste 59,4 this context. The environmental management representative is regularly informed about the essential results of the internal checks and the trends displayed by the figures, data and facts in environmental protection. Once a The Group project “Sustainability in the Supply Chain” year, in the management review, there is an assess- was continued in 2008 for Audi suppliers. The aim of ment of the system by top management. The results of the project is to ensure that suppliers throughout the the system assessment form a key basis for the deriva- entire supply chain comply with prescribed environ- tion of the environmental targets in the next cycle. mental standards. Only a small number of suppliers In management audits and technical environmental are not yet involved in all components of the project. checks in 2008, the structures existing at Audi for Further integration will be carried out in 2009. the consideration of direct and indirect environmen- Audi engages in an open dialogue on the topic of tal aspects were increasingly sampled and examined. environmental protection. The public and interested Apart from a few recommendations made with regard groups such as customers, neighbours, and non-gov- to further improvements, on the whole the evidence ernmental organisations (NGOs) are included in was that the environmental management system at communication in the context of the environmental the Ingolstadt plant is appropriate for the continu- management system. Furthermore, Audi is committed ing improvement of environmental performance at to the environment at all of its plants and facilities and the plant and for achieving the defined environmental pursues a comprehensive information policy. Efficiency objectives. at Audi was the theme of the P-TechDay, an informa- There were major changes to the Audi Production tion day for journalists in October 2008. On the System (APS) in 2007 and 2008, adapting to the new occasion of the Geneva Motor Show 2009, Audi processes within AUDI AG. As the basis for the added presented “Dialogues – The Audi Environmental value-oriented, synchronous undertaking, the APS is a Magazine”, the follow-up publication to the Environ- key component of the Audi production strategy. The mental Report in 2005. In a film made in 2008, the environmental protection method module is still a viewer is given a tour of the plant, with insights into component of the APS. The further development of the production process and the associated environmen- this method module – which is an integral component tal protection measures. In the next few years, Audi of the environmental management system – has been will be even more committed to the further develop- intensively supported by the environmental depart- ment of eco-friendly production processes and tech- ment. There were some events relating to the introduc- nologies. The early integration of environmental tion of the new APS in 2008, in order to inform protection aspects into all environmentally related management and the first level of plant management planning processes is guaranteed by the environmental about some innovations. management system. 28 Environmental performance assessment 3rd priority in the definition of environmental targets high (A) medium (B) 2nd priority in the definition of environmental targets Surface sealing Energy consumption Soil contamination Waste Noise Wastewater 4th priority in the definition of environmental targets Water usage Traffic Emissions EMS [Environmental Management System] at suppliers low (C) Top priority in the definition of environmental targets Environmental relevance Environmental relevance portfolio 2008 low (1-3) medium (4-6) high (7-9) Useable improvement potential Audi has been using an environmental performance possible to compare the calculations from 2007 and assessment process according to the methodology of 2008. Even so, the percentage-based evaluation the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment, Forestry demonstrates that the essential environmental effects and Agriculture (BUWAL) since 2003, in order to record at the plant can be attributed to energy consumption, the environmental effects resulting from the activities as well as solvent emissions and traffic or noise (see at the plant. This process has been adapted to the cir- chart). The above illustration shows the overall cumstances at the Ingolstadt plant by the application assessment of the environmental aspects. It includes of appropriate ecological factors. both the aspects already recorded by the BUWAL, as The scientific system according to BUWAL is based on well as additional environmental aspects that have the aspect of the ecological shortage of a resource, previously been investigated and assessed separately, calculated from the current and critical flow. In such as surface sealing and ground contamination. succession, an eco-factor is calculated, which is Assessment criteria and assessment factors have been multiplied by the emissions or the consumption of a defined for the corresponding environmental aspects. resource. This produces environmental pollution This comprehensible and transparent assessment points, which are used for absolute and percentage- provides a benchmark for environmental relevance. based evaluations of the environmental effects. The This is plotted in an environmental relevance portfolio system was fundamentally revised in 2008. This against possible improvement potential. The classifica- revision included updating the eco-factors and adjust- tion of this improvement potential relates to a ing the conversion factors. Furthermore, the calcula- representative survey initiated by the environmental tion was adapted to the spectrum of the currently protection department (verbal-argumentative evalua- detected and calculated substances (e. g. high-priority tion). The environmental relevance ‑portfolio shows, substances in the wastewater) at the plant. The data for example, that topics such as water usage, surface situation in the context of the indirect environmental sealing and ground contamination according to a effects in the field of employee and supplier traffic has defined assessment system are not to be neglected in improved significantly as a result of a study commis- the consideration of the environmental effects of the sioned in 2008. A traffic count at traffic intersections company. A continuation of the environmental per- on the site and in the immediate vicinity enabled formance assessment and the environmental relevance updated and representative data to be included in the portfolio will help to ensure that the environmental BUWAL calculation. As a result of the changes in the performance of the company is presented in a trans- environmental performance assessment, it is not parent manner and continuously improved. 29 Significant changes compared to 2007 – Data and facts relating to environmental protection The input-output balance sheet provides information Furthermore, products and manufacturing depth differ about the incoming and outgoing material and energy between the individual plants and also within the flows at the Ingolstadt plant in 2008, as well as about industry. So it is only possible to make a qualified direct the changes in them compared to previous years. comparison of input/output data. For this reason, Audi Products that have been delivered from the Ingolstadt Ingolstadt usually presents its environmentally relevant plant to other Audi plants are also included. material and energy flows in absolute quantities. Input Raw materials Iron and steel Aluminium Process agents and additives Paints and fillers Oils Bonding agents and pigment paste Antifreeze agents Metal processing fluid Oxygen and nitrogen Fuels Surface and cavity sealing agents*** Semi-finished and finished goods Gearboxes Engines Water Well and rainwater Drinking water Energy Natural gas Electricity Heating oil District heating 2006 2007 2008 Unit Delta %* 354,580 5,034 352,401 7,411 370,664 7,775 t t 5,2 4,9 5,674 459 4,177 1,986 300 16,387 21,022,528 4,275 5,890 420 3,760 1,845 304 16,604 21,224,351 4,240 6,248 466 3,026 1,964 249 10,116 ** 22,196,304 4,795 t t t t t m3 l t 6,1 11,0 -19,5 6,4 -18,1 -39,1 4,6 13,1 537,039 537,039 528,310 528,310 531,200 531,200 items items 0.5 0.5 1,427,905 1,134,942 292,963 1,364,348 1,082,556 281,792 1,472,994 1,166,257 306,737 m3 m3 m3 8.0 6.8 8.9 1,288 671 548 1.84 66.47 1,285 641 566 2.45 76.37 1,305.602 642 571 1.66 90.30 GWh GWh GWh GWh GWh 1.6 0.2 0.9 -32.2 18.2 * applies to 2007/2008 ** Recalculation: The figures for 2006 and 2007 have been adjusted as a result of an incorrect calculation basis. *** Wax and PVC usage at the plant, incl. underseal Output 2006 2007 2008 Unit Delta %* Products Cars, Ingolstadt In cooperation with Györ 560,722 537,039 23,683 585,292 528,310 56,982 591,559 531,200 60,359 items items items 12 0.5 5.9 Waste Waste for recycling Hazardous waste Other waste Waste for disposal Hazardous waste Other waste Scrap 22,071 16,567 6,247 10,320 5,504 4,875 629 204,451 27,444 20,564 9,683 10,881 6,880 6,272 608 197,229 28,956 21,932 9,537 12,395 7,024 6,476 548 215,277 t t t t t t t t 5.5 6.7 -1.5 13.9 2.1 3.3 -9.9 9.2 Wastewater 885,250 858,198 939.434 m³ 9.5 Extracted air 146,150 141,968 143,359 CO2** Organic solvents 740 787 820 t t 1.0 4.2 * applies to 2007/2008 ** CO2 emissions released directly at the plant 30 Energy Water Eco-friendly district heating the switching off of ventilation systems on weekends Higher production figures, continuous enlargement and energy-optimisedplant operating procedures – of the built-up area at the site and meteorological electricity consumption rose again in 2008 as a result influences led to higher energy consumption in 2008, of increased production numbers. compared to 2007. At around 1,306 gigawatt hours (GWh), total energy More widespread use of rainwater consumption was approximately 1.6 percent up on the In the period under review, water consumption rose at figure for the previous year. The primary consumers in the Ingolstadt plant as a result of the continuing the plant include the paint shop and the body shop. increase in production numbers. The increased usage of Audi covers the heat requirements at its Ingolstadt rainwater at the plant contributes to the conservation plant by means of the district heating connection, in of the natural water reserves. Rainwater is collected in existence since 2004, to the municipal waste incinera- underground cisterns for this purpose, from an area of tion facility in Ingolstadt, as well as by means of two almost 450,000 square metres. With the completion natural gas-powered heating plants and one combined of an additional rainwater reservoir with a capacity of power, heating and cooling plant. Despite increases 2,900 cubic metres in 2006, there are now a total of in production, natural gas consumption at the plant five rainwater reservoirs available with a total capacity in 2008 was held practically at the level of the previ- of over 14,000 cubic metres. The volume of rainwater ous year. This virtually constant level of natural gas used in 2008 at the Ingolstadt plant amounted to consumption compared to the previous year is mainly 211,495 cubic metres. As a result of construction work attributable to a significant increase in the use of on the pipe system, the previous record of 2007 was district heating. The use of district heating energy is not quite matched. For every cubic metre of wastewa- directly dependent on the quantity that can be made ter that is discharged into the sewer system, AUDI AG available to Audi by the Ingolstadt city utilities depart- has to pay a wastewater fee. As considerable quantities ment. As a result of an even larger quantity supplied of the water used during production either evaporate, in 2008, the proportion of eco-friendly district heating are disposed of externally or are passed onto the was increased yet again compared to previous years. product, Audi ensures that the actual water flows in Heating oil now only plays a subordinate role as a fuel the company are transparently detected and metered. at Audi. It is used exclusively as a standby reserve in The table shows the quantities of water demonstrably two boiler installations. Despite a large number of sav- not discharged into the sewer system in 2006, 2007 ings measures – such as more energy-efficient systems, and 2008. Energy consumption Comparison of the non-discharged water volumes in GWh in m3 1.500 1.200 900 2007 2008 Cooling towers 278,673 246,336 280,673 Paint shop and sludge from wastewater treatment 258,412 255,329 248,279 600 Oil/water mixtures disposed of externally 1,408 391 491 300 Passed on to the product 4,162 4,094 4,117 542,655 506,150 533,560 00 Heaing oil 2006 01 02 District heating 03 04 05 Natural gas 06 07 08 Electricity 31 Wastewater The 72 percent drop in oil/water mixtures disposed of externally in 2007 is explained by the fact that used emulsions and washing water can now be separated Total wastewater volume in millions of m 3 immediately at the plant thanks to the commissioning of a new emulsion vaporisation plant on the plant site 1,25 in 2006. The most obvious fluctuations can be seen in the evaporation volumes of the cooling towers. In this 1,00 case the varying weather conditions in the individual 0,75 years play a crucial role. 0,50 Regular wastewater analyses With the rise in water consumption, the volume of 0,25 wastewater from the central wastewater treatment plant “Neutralisation 1” has also increased. This 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 05 06 07 08 wastewater is analysed every day in order to check compliance with the prescribed limits. Thanks to a reliable and effective cleaning process, the limits for harmful substances are met by a large margin, as is confirmed by the results of the investigations. Wastewater volume per vehicle in m 3(with TT Coupé/Roadster) Wastewater that might possibly contain oil residues is passed by Audi through what are known as oil separa- 2,5 tors (volatile liquid separators). These separate 2,0 grease, oil and petroleum from the watery phase, so that they can be disposed of separately. In coopera- 1,5 tion with an external engineering firm, Audi recorded all of its installations again in 2005 and made an 1,0 inventory of them in an EDP system. The installations 0,5 were also all checked for their structural condition at the same time. Older separator installations that can 0,0 no longer guarantee the secure retention of volatile 00 01 02 03 04 liquids will be gradually replaced by new systems. When investing in new oil separators, Audi chooses modern, advanced systems that set new standards in terms of their efficiency and reliability. The initial modernisation phase for the oil separators was concluded in the year under review. The measures have been continued in a second modernisation phase since the beginning of 2008. Harmful substance concentrations, 2008 (in the wastewater of Neutra I for the monitoring parameters) in mg/l Mean value In 2008 the proportional wastewater volume per vehicle rose slightly, despite the efficient operating Nickel methods of our production lines, from 1.5 cubic Zinc metres to 1.6 cubic metres, which is attributable to the new model startups. 32 Limit value 0.071 0.5 0.157 2.0 AOX 0.074 1.0 Sulphide 0.836 1.0 Calculation of the water volumes demonstrably not discharged into the sewer system The total sum of the wastewater demon- the aforementioned individual items can be strably not discharged is calculated from the worked out by means of a difference calcula- following areas: tion (inflow into the system minus outflow from the system). Cooling towers In the case of the inflows, the inputs of The evaporation in the cooling towers is Kösching water as well as process water and calculated from the difference between drinking water into the processes involving the make-up feed (metered) and blowdown intensive evaporation are all taken into (metered). account. The outflows from these processes are recorded accordingly. The difference Paint shops between the metered inflows and outflows There are many processes involving evapora- corresponds to the demonstrably non-dis- tion in the paint shops. In the case of dip- charged wastewater volumes. painting processes, water evaporates directly out of the baths and the dryer stages. Along Separately disposed of oil/water mixtures with direct evaporation from the paints and Some oil/water mixtures used to be disposed washing out, air humidification also plays an of externally, so the proportion of water (90 important role in the area of paint shop N56 percent) did not get into the sewer system. The water content in the separately disposed With the commissioning of an emulsion of paint sludge from the coagulation proc- vaporisation plant on the plant premises, ess and in the separately disposed of butyl used emulsions and washing water have glycol/water mixtures is to be considered of been separated at the plant since 2006. lesser importance. The proportion of non-discharged water is reduced as a result. Most water flows can be recorded in terms of volume with flow meters. There are, how- Passed on to the product ever, also some split flows that cannot be de- The cars produced must be filled with tected, or water volumes in paint sludge and coolant water and the windscreen washing separately decontaminated waste that can system must be topped up. only be estimated. In these cases, the choice Audi estimates around 5.5 litres of coolant of system limits for the individual areas is water per vehicle, and around 2.25 litres for of crucial importance. This is because all of the windscreen washing system. Use of rainwater Precipitation in m 3 Precipitation 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 169,173 183,554 174,600 181,069 213,891 184,577 142,000 2007 2008 238,799 211,495 33 Waste 2008 saw the start of the second phase of the pilot‑project by AUDI AG in cooperation with the Technical University of Munich, for the recycling of the Waste accumulation in 1,000 t raw material nickel and other heavy metals in the context of pre-treatment for the painting process. The 30 goal of the joint research effort is to return the heavy metals to the production process and thus achieve a significant reduction in the quantities to be disposed of, as well as conserve resources. The discussions and preliminary work were concluded in the year under review – trials started in February of 2009. 24 18 12 6 0 Safe disposal 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 The total waste accumulation at the Ingolstadt plant amounted to 28,956 tonnes in 2008, a rise of 5.5 per- Recycling Disposal cent compared to 2007. At the same time, however, the quantities of hazardous waste per vehicle were reduced by 0.2 kg . When analysing the individual waste types, the rise in agement certificates for hazardous waste expired in the amount of neutralisation sludge is striking. 329 2008. Waste management security was guaranteed by tonnes more were accumulated in 2008 than in 2007, prompt new applications. In 2008 the specific quantity and consequently a total of 1,362 tonnes had to be of miscellaneous waste rose by 2.6 kg / vehicle, to 24.3 recycled at S.D.R. biotec GmbH. Because of the higher kg / vehicle (cf. table on page 30). This represents a 12 production numbers, there has also been an increase percent increase. The rise is primarily attributable to in the volume of paint sludge (+ 123 tonnes), rinsing the quantities of wood (+ 95 tonnes), waste for energy liquids (+ 104 tonnes) and PVC-contaminated films (+ recovery (+ 594 tonnes), recyclable materials for 40 tonnes). On the other hand, the annual volume of sorting (+ 564 tonnes) and paper / cardboard packag- emulsions fell by 500 tonnes. This is due to optimised ing (+ 292 tonnes), the reasons for which are ongo- washing and rinsing procedures. At 2,988 tonnes, the ing construction projects and the increase in vehicle rinsing liquid from paint shop N56 accounts for the production at the plant. On 28 January 2008, the largest amount of hazardous waste to be disposed of changeover took place from the previous PRODOK EDP externally. In order to reduce the associated high costs, system to the ABIS waste information system. Previ- experiments were carried out in 2007 with a vacuum ously a comprehensive data acquisition process was vaporisation system. Such a system is already being carried out and the data were entered into the system. employed with extraordinary success for the separation The problems to be expected when commissioning new of emulsions. A further recycling experiment at the and complex EDP systems were limited to a few easily waste incineration facility in Ingolstadt in the second remediable corrections and amendments. The system quarter of 2008 proved to be impractical. A biologi- was already running flawlessly in the second quarter. cal treatment plant for rinsing water, which went into The waste information system delivers greater legal operation on 25 August 2008, is already delivering security, better transparency and simplification of the good results as a trial system. The trial system will be reporting process in waste management. further improved with the goal of large-scale application for all of the rinsing liquids that are accumulated. The implementation of the large-scale project is to start in the third quarter of 2009. 16 waste man- 34 Register of hazardous waste Waste type 2007 in tonnes 2008 in tonnesAVV [Waste Catalogue Directive] Disposal location Paint sludge 1,577.40 1,700.35 080117* GSB Emulsions 7,118.95 6,620.40 120109* cobos GmbH Neutralisation sludge 1,032.64 1,361.59 190813* S.D.R. biotec Used thinners 126.16 129.64 070304* RM GmbH Solvent mixtures 259.26 239.76 070304* GSB Used oil 100.94 121.89 130205* Baufeld Cleaning cloths 96.58 111.36 150202* GSB Filter cloths 30.28 32.64 150202* GSB 1,241.26 1,057.14 101007* GSB 3.90 3.60 150110* GSB 187.24 227.40 080409* GSB 8.34 10.45 200121* Büchl 155.30 190.37 150110* GSB GSB Moulding sands Paint and adhesive residues Films. PVC-contaminated Fluorescent tubes Glue and adhesive waste Grease 0.26 0.47 120112* Oil filters 2.99 4.83 150202* GSB Catalytic converters 4.32 5.71 160807* Oblinger 2,884.50 2,988.28 080119* GSB 329.84 305.06 160601* Oblinger Butyl glycol/water mixture Lead acid batteries 0.02 0.09 160506* GSB 349.69 297.55 160104* Tyssen-Dück 65.58 85.97 160213* ERN 0.83 0.44 160507* GSB 110.88 177.84 120114* GSB Scrap timber. class IV 16.97 20.08 170204* AR-Recycling 1) Concrete. roof tiles. floor tiles > Z2 2) 59.56 42.01 170106* AR-Recycling 3) MVA Ingolstadt Chemical residues End-of-life vehicles Electronics scrap Fire extinguisher powder Suds sludge 31.57 69.98 170603* 160.18 110.71 170605* MVA Ingolstadt Tar cork/Coal tar * 4) 7.38 170303* BTU /AR-Recycling Spray cans * 4) 0.67 150110* GSB Waste from tank cleaning * 89.04 160709* GSB 15,955.43 16,012.70 Mineral fibres Building materials containing asbestos Total 4) 1) Disposal location 2007 Durmin 2) Designation 2007 Building rubble 3) Disposal location 2007 GBH 4) Aperiodic cleaning procedures / N o waste accumulation 2007 AR-Recycling = AR-Recycling GmbH / AVV = Waste Catalogue Directive BTU = BTU Hartmeier Group / ERN = E-Recycling Nordbayern GmbH GBH = Gesellschaft für Baustoff-Aufbereitung und Handel mbH / GSB = Sonderabfall-Entsorgung Bayern GmbH (GSB GmbH) MVA = Waste incineration facility, Ingolstadt, RM = Remondis Medison GmbH 35 Emissions CO 2 emissions The emissions of the greenhouse gas CO2 are of key importance for the Audi plant in Ingolstadt. Total CO2emissions in 1,000 t In 2008, direct CO2 -emissions at the Ingolstadt plant rose as a result of increased production, enlargement 200 of the built-up area and meteorological influences. 160 143,359 tonnes of CO2 were directly emitted by Audi at the Ingolstadt plant in 2008. In 2007 this figure 120 was 141,986 tonnes. That represents a rise of approx. 1 percent. 80 This rise was relatively small as a result of the even 40 more intensive usage of district heating from the waste incineration plant. 00 CO 2 emissions trading In accordance with the Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trad- 01 Miscellaneous 02 03 04 05 Production 06 07 08 Heating plants ing Act, Audi is obligated to participate in the Europeanwide CO2 emissions trading system. There are two plants involved in emissions trading at the Ingolstadt Total emissions of organic solvents site: the east/west heating plant and the combined in tonnes power, heating and cooling plant. Emissions certificates for 128,946 tonnes of CO2 emissions per year 2006 were allocated to the Ingolstadt plant by the German 740 2007 2008 787 820 Emissions Trading Office for the first trading period (2005 to 2007). As a result of comprehensive measures taken for the efficient use of energy, the actual CO2 emissions of the installations at the plant that fall As a result of rising production figures, they thus rose under the emissions trading umbrella were held below previous year Around 1.4 kg of organic solvents were the allocated quantity in all three years. emitted per vehicle. Organic solvent emissions are Following the conclusion of the first trading period, the second period (2008 to 2012) of CO2 emissions primarily produced when painting and coating surfaces, rights trading started in 2008. The emissions certifi- Water based paints are used for the cataphoretic dip cates were promptly applied for and allocated. The priming process and when painting filler and primer, plant received rights amounting to 135,360 tonnes of CO2emissions per year. The CO2 emissions of the which only contain a small proportion of organic installations at the plant that fall below the emissions with a change of colour, vehicles with the same body trading umbrella amounted to 102,972 tonnes in colour are grouped together if at all possible. At the 2008. Thanks to the action taken in recent years, there same time the application of paint has been made more are currently no charges to be expected for the plant efficient by means of increased automation in the area of from emissions trading in the second trading period. interior painting. Organic solvents Audi employs the latest environmental protection technologies and painting processes. Audi has continuously improved the paint shop first put into operation in 1998. The total emissions of organic solvents (VOC) amounted to around 820 tonnes in 2008. 36 once again by around 4 percent compared to the as well as through the operation of engine test rigs. solvents. In order to avoid the emissions associated Noise Adherence to benchmarks exactly determine the level of traffic noise, which is also The system known as the industrial noise information included in the noise of the plant. system (BLIS) forms the basis for all noise level observa- Furthermore, despite the rising number of vehicle tions at the Ingolstadt plant. With the aid of this sonic movements on the works site, it was possible to meet model it is possible to produce precise noise emission the noise assessment level at the emission locations of forecasts for all of the measures carried out on the plant relevance for Audi, thanks to the rigorous sonic evalua- premises. The data can thus be taken into account early tion of new installations. Compliance with the emissions in the planning phase for installations or construction level relevant for Audi is also monitored by independent projects, helping to prevent or minimise the effects of inspectors. noise. In 2008 Audi made great efforts at the Ingolstadt Thus it can be guaranteed that with the relocation of the plant to refine the noise information system (BLIS) even quality-control testing track to the northern edge of the further. For example, on several days in September 2008 plant premises, Audi will meet the emissions benchmarks there were comprehensive traffic counts carried out at that apply to the purely residential area adjoining the important intersections within the plant. The goal was to Audi plant premises in the north. The noise information system (BLIS) provides precise noise emission forecasts. Noise emission figures Benchmark figures and assessment levels in dB(A) Emission locations Classification Ettinger Strasse General residential area 40 55 40 48 Senefelder Strasse Industrial area 50 65 44 46 Ringlerstrasse Industrial area 50 65 39 49 Carl-Zeiss-Strasse Industrial area 50 65 46 46 Oberhaunstadt (Alleeweg) Purely residential area 35 50 35 37 Rohrmühle Village area 45 60 40 41 35 50 30 37 Etting (Florian-Geyer-Strasse) Purely residential area Benchmark Night Benchmark Day Assessment level Night 1) Assessment level Day 2) 1) measured at night / 2) measured during the day Noise emissions from the freight transport centre are not taken into account here. 37 Contaminated Sites Preliminary investigations and clean-up The topic of site contamination plays an important role in all construction projects at the Ingolstadt plant. Extraction of solvents (BTEX) from soil air and groundwater in kg (since 2001) in the area of the former paint shop, south As early as in the planning phase, the Plant Environmental Protection department assesses whether pollutant contamination is to be expected, and commissions 600 suitable preliminary investigations. In the case of 500 changes to old installations and buildings, the focus is on tests of the building structure for asbestos, PCBs or materials containing tar. In this way it is possible to ensure selective dismantling and the appropriate disposal of environmentally hazardous building materials. Water pollution control has top priority when planning new buildings. Above all, areas that have already been used as industrial sites before being acquired by Audi 400 300 200 100 2. Hj 01 02 03 04 are intensively examined for groundwater pollutants. All results of these preliminary investigations are made available to the planning departments and included in the tender documents. In this way any existing soil contamination can be removed before construction begins. Furthermore, investigations into construction water and groundwater are carried out for all building activities. This prevents surface and groundwater from being put at risk. The Plant Environmental Protection department also takes action in the area of environmentally relevant production facilities if there is a suspicion of pollution with hazardous substances. For example, Audi had already begun to clean up the subsoil in the area of the paint shop in the south of the plant premises in 1997. Following an interruption caused by comprehensive dismantling work, the clean-up was resumed in mid2001. 3,240 kg of solvents have now been removed from soil air and groundwater within ten years. As a result of these successful measures, it has been possible to modify the operation of the clean-up system: soil air extraction has now ceased and groundwater is now only removed and cleaned by means of a wellhead. 38 Soil air Groundwater 05 06 07 08 Environmentally relevant installations at the Ingolstadt plant Requiring approval according to the Federal Emission Protection Act (BImSchG) Installations Environmental effects Car plant Emissions in the form of organic solvents, – Paint shop combustion exhaust gases, smells, noise, – Body shop water pollutants and waste – Assembly incinerators, waste and recycling treatment Emissions in the form of CO2, SO2, CO and NOx, noise, emissions in the form of combustion systems) exhaust gases, smells, noise, water pollutants – Ancillary installations (such as large-scale and wastee Other installations, e. g. test rig groups, storage area for crash vehicles, aero-acoustic wind tunnel, thermal blower duct, waste treatment installations Requiring approval according to the Water Resources Act Installations Environmental effects Central wastewater processing Wastewater polluted with heavy metals In the period under review: inconveniences are observed.” Audi Ingolstadt is thus obligated to give notice of who Approvals at the plant is responsible for observing the operator’s – Transmission Development and Emissions Centre, duties for the installations requiring approval. 1st and 2nd construction phase (2006 or 2008) – Increased capacity for the “Automobilwerk” plant requiring approval (2007) – Application for the granting of a preliminary deci- Privatisation of plant supervision According to the “Verwaltung 21” [Administration 21] role critique concept passed by the Bavarian Council of sion relating to the essential modification of the car Ministers, the on-site monitoring of installations requir- plant [Automobilwerk] by building the new body shop ing approval according to the Federal Emission Protec- (2008) tion Act (BImSchG) and the production of expert reports in the emission protection approval process were to Immission control legislation-related notices be privatised by the approval authority responsible for – Automation of interior painting (2006) AUDI AG at the Ingolstadt plant. – Small-batch paint supply system (2007) The first plant monitoring carried out by a private expert – Fully automatic application for the painting of add-on was conducted on behalf of AUDI AG in 2008 by DEKRA parts (2007) – Replacement of a PVC application line in the area of the paint shop (2006) Certification GmbH in the context of the annual validation of the environmental management system, which has existed at the Ingolstadt plant since 1997. In the course of this random check, it was confirmed to According to § 52a BImSchG [Federal Emission Protec- AUDI AG that there are no faults or violations of appli- tion Act] “Compulsory Notification Relating to the Plant cable environmental provisions or requirements arising Organisation”, it is necessary to ensure “that the from the reviewed approvals. regulations and ordinances serving to protect against According to various relevant legal judgements relating harmful environmental effects and against other to this topic area, the regular monitoring practised until hazards, significant disadvantages and considerable 2008 will be continued with immediate effect by the responsible authority in Ingolstadt. 39 Environmental programme – Implementation status 2009 Environmental targets, Audi Ingolstadt 2009–2012 Environmental protection target Individual measures Date Degree of fulfilment Reduction of harmful substances in wastewater 1) Testing of a precipitating additive with low environmental pollution From the Environmental Programme 2006–2009 Reduction of oil and cooling lubricant consumption Systematic recording and tracking of oil and cooling lubricant consumption, with a 10% production, based on 2008 IV / 2009 New target Precautionary Water Pollution Control Modernisation of separation installations at the plant IV / 2015 New target Water Pollution Control 100 % Waste Management 100 % Reduction in hazardous waste Assessment and testing of a biological wastewater treatment (split-stream treatment) Trial in filler and topcoat painting From the Environmental Programme 2006–2009 Reduction in hazardous waste Implementation of biological wastewater treatment for filler and topcoat painting IV / 2010 New target Reduction in the use of sheet metal material (reduction of sheet metal waste and conservation of resources) Increase in the level of material usage by the pressing shop by approx. 7% IV / 2012 New target Replacement of three hydraulic pressing lines by mechanical largescale suction presses 60% reduction in energy requirements and reduction in the volume of hydraulic oil used IV / 2012 New target Reducing storage and transportation space for the packaging in question by more than 50% Introduction of standardised individual bonnet packaging IV / 2010 New target Reducing the storage and transportation space by half. Reducing the packaging materials by more than 25% Introduction of standardised toothed belt packaging IV / 2009 New target Cost savings and reduction of hazardous waste Extension of the service life of the cooling lubricants in cylinder head production (aluminium) from 2 to 3 years IV / 2009 New target Reduction in non-recyclable waste and conservation of resources Pilot trial in cooperation with the Technical University of Munich relating to heavy metal recycling in painting pre-treatment as a replacement for nickel precipitation. IV / 2009 New target Conservation of resources 2) Creation of an energy supply concept for the plant‘s boiler houses (taking into account the 13th BlmSchV emissions regulations), 10% reduction of the NOx content (basis 2004). From the Environmental Programme 2006–2009 80 % Energy saving, emissions CO2, NOx Detailed planning of district heating usage in the context of „Ingolstadt Cooperative Energy Network“ 2010 90 % Emission protection 1) Trials have been concluded, though the alternative precipitating agent does not lead to reliable compliance with limits. 2) Modernisation of some boilers concluded. The further replacement of boilers is dependent on the item “Ingolstadt Cooperative Energy Network." 40 Environmental protection target Individual measures Date Degree of fulfilment Conservation of resources and prevention of emissions Energy saving Use of mobile and stationary energy storage units on the Audi plant premises IV / 2009 New target Installation of a heat recovery system in the paint shop in the brake disc production unit IV / 2009 New target Reduction of reject materials and energy consumption INI. TUM project quality control in the pressing shop IV / 2011 New target Energy saving Set-up disruption reduction project: Reducing set-up disruption times in the pressing shop by 50% on the basis of the figures from 2007 I / 2009 New target Energy saving Splitting up of the hall lighting and its control via a central control programme for ventilation in the TT body assembly area III / 2009 New target Energy saving Installation of a high-speed door and optimisation of the opening and closing control of hall doors N 42 / N 24 I / 2009 New target Reduction of solvent emissions 3) Replacement of the butyl glycol-based rinsing medium with solvent-free or low-solvent rinsing media From the Environmental Programme 2006–2009 Conservation of resources Contaminated sites Production of a detailed plan for the use of groundwater for cooling purposes in building A 50 IV / 2009 New target Ground probes and groundwater analyses in the area of hall N1 Establishing the horizontal and vertical spread of lightly volatile halogenated hydrocarbons, naphtalene and toxic nuclear contamination in the subsoil III / 2009 New target Taking into account the current plans with regard to vehicle numbers by 2015, the plant and company-related CO2 emissions at Audi are to be reduced by 30% by means of various measures by 2020, based on 1990 figures. Continuation from the Environmental Programme 2006–2009 Long-term target IV / 2020 Emission Protection 90 % Organisation Conservation of resources and prevention of emissions 60 % Conservation of resources and 20% reduction in CO2 emissions of the prevention of emissions Audi models, on the basis of 2006–2012 Continuation from 30 % the Environmental Programme 2006–2009 Long-term target IV / 2012 Improved involvement of employees in environmental protection 4) Coverage of 25% of the non-production sector by means of the APS element, environmental protection From the Environmental Programme 2006–2009 Improved involvement of indirect employees in environmental protection procedures Holding CIP workshops II / 2010 30 % New target 3) Butyl glycol-free rinsing media are not achievable because of technical problems. Operational trials for low butyl glycol rinsing media must still be conducted. 4) A new situation has arisen as a result of CIP in the indirect area. Continued in the next item. 41 VALIDATION The environmental experts have inspected the plant of the organisation AUDI AG D-85045 Ingolstadt, Ettingerstrasse for compliance with all of the provisions of Ordinance (EU) No. 761/2001, and hereby declare that the environmental management system, the environmental audit and its results, as well as the environmental declaration meet the required standards. There are no indications of any deviations from the relevant legal provisions. The data and information in the environmental declaration of AUDI AG Ingolstadt represent a reliable, credible and accurate picture of all the organisation’s activities. Stuttgart, 24 April 2009 Manuela Held Dr. Hans-Josef Dünnwald Environmental expert Environmental expert Im Gressental 13 Herbert-Lewinstr. 4 D-71120 Grafenau D-50931 Cologne Licence No. DE-V-0190 Licence No. DE-V-0257 Fuel consumption and CO2-emissions * Fuel consumption according to 80 1268 EEC Model Audi A4 (B8) 2.0 TDI e with DPF Power output (kW) Gearboxes Urban Non-urban Combined Combined 100 M6 5,8 3,8 4,6 119 M: Manual; DPF: diesel particle filter The number of gears can be found after the gearbox designation (e. g. M6). * Figures for the model shown on the front page 42 CO2 emissions (g/km) Contact Contact person Would you like more information? The environmental department will be happy to receive your e-mail, your phone call, your letter or your fax: AUDI AG Dr. Dagobert Achatz Head of Plant Environmental Protection D-85045 Ingolstadt Tel.: + 49 (0) 8 41/89-3 44 44 Fax: + 49 (0) 8 41/89-3 16 82 [email protected] Date for the next environmental declaration Audi will present the next updated environmental declaration in April 2010. Vorsprung durch Technik www.audi.de AUDI AG D-85045 Ingolstadt