12 - Reservoir Fish Maintenance and Safety

Maintenance and Operations
Fish and Debris
Collection and Guidance Methods
Objectives
discussion of
High-tech Barrier Nets
• Sites and installations
• Design , materials, construction techniques
• Operations and maintenance
• Debris control
A little history…
Heart shape trap
(note the long “lead”)
Marshal Islands
Double heart
shape trap
(note the lead
and exclusion
barrier)
West of Taiwan.
“V” shaped trap
Teifi Estuary in
Wales.
Not that different from what we do today:
Pacific Northwest Collectors
• Baker, (upper and lower)
• Swift
• Cushman
• North Fork Clackamas
• 3 yrs. operation
• 2015 was first year
• 2016 will be on line
• 2016 will be on line
1 Million Fish Season
4,000 fish a day
Full Exclusion
Guide And Collection Net
Only one way out for
downstream migrating fish
Guide net act as an extension of
the shoreline
Currents guides fish to Net
Transition Structure (NTS) and
Floating Surface Collector (FSC)
for site specific handling.
Full exclusion net prevents
entrainment and impingement
Installation fits bathymetry of
specific site
Barrier Systems
 Consumers Energy Ludington, Michigan
 Longest Full Exclusion Net in the world
 2.5 mile long, 55 ft. average depth
650,000 sq. ft.
 2 billion cubic ft. of water per hour flow
through it during operation.
 Seasonally deployed, continuously
cleaned during deployment, and 20% of
net replaced annually to maintain
effectiveness.
Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE)
Tenacity based on weight (N/tex)
4
Dyneema®
3
At similar weight, Dyneema®
fiber is up to:
 15 X stronger than steel
Aramids
Aramids
2
 4 X stronger than PET
Carbon
 1.4 X stronger than aramid
Carbon
1
PP
PET
Nylon
Nylon
Titanium
11
Steel
22
33
Tenacity based on volume (GPa)
44
Key Features
Allows facilities a solution for fish guidance previously unachievable
• Does not decay or absorb water
• Excellent UV resistance
• Excellent fatigue and predator
resistance
• Excellent material for lowest
adhesion of zebra mussels and
other marine growth
• Smooth to the touch
• Durable, Reliable
• High abrasion resistance
• Low drag
• Greatly reduce surface area
• Long lifespan.
Mechanical elongation at load
Dyneema
Specific strength (N/tex)
4
Stress / Strain curve of Dyneema is
a straight line.
3
Aramid
2
S-Glass
Carbon-HS
1
Polyester
Polyamide
Tensile failure
of Fibers
Steel
0
0
5
10
Elongation (%)
15
20
Common Concerns
• Debris, and Aquatic Grow
• Operations and Maintenance
• Strength and Longevity
Marine Growth
• Cleaned Naturally
• Cleaned Manually
• Cleaned by Machine
• Cleaned by Divers
Marine Growth
Designed for:
• Ocean-like conditions, rolling
surf and winds and high water
flow velocity
• bi-directional currents with
water flow velocities up to 5.0
fps
• With net floats that reduce
load while still maintaining
shape, position and
effectiveness.
Debris Control
• Exclusion
• Collection
• Guidance
Flanged Ends
Small Debris Splash Guard
24 inch PNP Boom in
50 foot sections
Flanged Ends for
connection with
other sections.
Multi-function Keel for Debris
Curtain, Dyneema Mesh Fish
Barrier Curtain, or Temperature
Control Curtain attachments.
PNP Multi-Function Boom
Embedment Anchors
Each End
Padeye’s on Anchor
Padeye’s thru-bolted to flange
SAS Galvanized Shackles
Open Chain
Drawing shows the splash guard, keel and
heavy duty debris curtain.
Boat Gate
Access for maintenance and operations
Latches for opening and closing designed for
easy access by operators.
Galvanized Steel Frame
PNP Gate Flotation
Debris Curtain Not Shown
Conclusion
Technical developments of barrier
and collection nets offers:
 Improved fish passage survival
 Reduce impingement and
entrainment
 Multiple returns for multiple
stakeholders
 Effective alternatives and
solutions for fish passage at high
head dams
Conclusion
Modern materials are allowing
engineers to build solutions that
were previously unavailable.
Questions?