RIGHT PRODUCT RIGHT PADDOCK

Transcription

PIONEER® BRAND
MAIZE FOR SILAGE
RIGHT PRODUCT
RIGHT PADDOCK
hybrid performance INFORMATION 2016
South island
2014
Page 1
Pioneer® Brand Maize For Silage Hybrid Trait Characteristics
RATINGS: 9 = Outstanding
Plant height6
Staygreen7
Whole plant digestibility8
Fibre digestibility9
Silage crude protein10
Starch and sugar
Northern Leaf Blight12
Common Rust
Eyespot12
Challenging yield
environments
Medium yield environments
High yield environments
5
8
7
7
6
6
7
6
8
9
7
6
8
9
7
7
8
9
7
6
9
6
7
6
9
Early growth5
8
9
7
6
8
7
9
9
7
7
6
8
8
7
8
8
8
6
7
9
6
8
8
7
6
Recommended
established
Root strength
9
9
9
7
7
7
9
9
9
9
6
6
7
9
7
6
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
Hybrid disease
ratings13
Stalk strength
9
9
9
7
7
7
9
9
9
9
6
7
9
8
9
7
9
9
9
9
7
9
9
9
9
Silage quality traits
Drought tolerance
70
75
80
78
84
86
88
91
92
94
94
95
97
99
100
105
106
106
107
107
109
109
112
114
116
Plant traits
Adaptability to high
population3
Adaption to low population4
(ear flex)
Silage yield for maturity2
39V43
P7524
P8000
39G12
39T45
39F58
P8805
38V12
P9241
P9400
38P05
37Y12
P9721
P9911
P0021
35A30
P0640
P0791
P0725
P0891
34P88
P1253
P1636
P1758
31G66
Grain yield for maturity2
Hybrid
Silage CRM1
Yield
5
7
6
7
6
6
8
7
9
7
7
6
8
9
7
7
7
9
9
8
7
7
7
7
8
7
7
6
6
6
5
6
6
6
7
5
5
6
5
6
5
6
6
6
8
6
6
6
7
7
6
7
6
4
7
6
5
8
6
7
5
6
5
5
7
5
6
5
6
6
5
5
8
7
5
8
8
7
8
6
6
6
7
7
7
5
6
6
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
6
6
6
5
8
8
8
5
7
5
7
7
8
5
6
7
8
6
8
8
7
7
7
7
6
8
6
8
6
7
7
5
5
6
7
7
8
6
6
5
7
9
7
7
8
9
8
7
6
8
7
9
8
8
9
7
7
7
6
9
6
7
7
7
8
9
8
8
8
7
7
8
7
7
8
9
7
7
6
5
6
7
7
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
9
8
8
7
8
6
7
7
7
8
6
8
9
8
7
6
8
6
7
7
8
7
8
8
8
7
8
7
8
6
7
6
7
9
8
6
8
9
8
7
7
6
9
8
8
9
7
9
9
8
8
6
9
9
9
9
7
9
7
8
6
3
4
7
4
6
7
6
6
6
7
6
6
6
5
7
6
7
5
5
7
5
5
5
6
5
6
4
6
7
6
6
5
5
7
5
6
6
7
7
7
6
5
6
6
5
5
5
6
6
-
NR
110
108
108
108
NR
108
104
100
100
104
104
104
100
100
100
95
100
95
95
100
95
95
95
NR
120
115
115
115
115
115
115
108
108
108
108
108
108
108
108
104
105
104
104
105
104
105
105
105
90
130
120
120
120
120
120
120
115
115
115
115
115
115
115
115
108
110
108
108
110
108
110
110
110
100
1 = Poor
- = Insufficient data available
= New hybrid
NR = Not recommended
Hybrid
39V43
P7524
P8000
39G12
39T45
39F58
P8805
38V12
P9241
P9400
38P05
37Y12
P9721
P9911
P0021
35A30
P0640
P0791
P0725
P0891
34P88
P1253
P1636
P1758
31G66
Hybrid Options for your Region
REGION 5
REGION 6
REGION 7
Nelson / Marlborough /
North & Mid Canterbury
South Canterbury / West Coast
north otago / southland
Hybrids
39V43
P7524
39G12
P8000
39T45
P8805
38V12
P9241
P9400
Estimated days from
planting to harvest
Maturity
Hybrids
141 - 155
VS
39V43
P7524
39G12
P8000
39T45
P8805
144 - 157
146 - 160
S
146 - 160
151 - 165
153 - 167
M
Estimated days from
planting to harvest
Maturity
Hybrids
145 - 159
S
39V43
P7524
39G12
P8000
148 - 162
150 - 164
M
152 - 166
155 - 169
157 - 171
Estimated days from
planting to harvest
Maturity
149 - 163
S
152 - 166
M
154 - 168
156 - 170
F
F
158 - 172
159 - 173
F
161 - 176
MATURITY KEY
NOTES
US = Ultra short
VS = Very short
S = Short
M = Mid
F = Full
VL = Very long
Hybrid maturity is based on heat unit accumulation through the season. Hybrids will therefore be quicker to
harvest in warmer regions or warmer seasons. For example, a hybrid planted in coastal Bay of Plenty will
be ready for harvesting much earlier than the same hybrid planted on the same day in Central Taranaki due
to the faster accumulation of heat units in the Bay of Plenty environment. This has important implications
for hybrid selection. The table above is a guide as to the estimated days from planting to harvest for
Pioneer® brand hybrids in the regions for which they are recommended for silage. This information is
generated from silage hybrid trials carried out in these regions over several seasons.
RIGHT PRODUCT. RIGHT PADDOCK.sm
Page 2
Trait characteristics notes:
Silage comparative relative maturity (CRM):
Pioneer silage CRM ratings provide a comparison between Pioneer hybrids indicating the relative rates at
which hybrids reach harvestable whole plant drymatter. They do not represent actual calendar days from
planting to harvest.
2
Yield for maturity:
Hybrid comparisons should only be made within a range of + or – 4 CRM. Analysis of differences in harvest
drymatter percentages between hybrids measured in our New Zealand silage research programme show
products compared within + or – 4 CRM will reach ideal silage harvest maturity (defined as 30% - 38% DM)
within about seven days of each other.
3
Adaptability to high population:
A measure of the mix of genetic factors that permit a maize plant to withstand the stresses of high population
and still give good standability and high yields.
4
Adaptability to low population:
An indicator of a hybrid’s ability to compensate (flex) cob size for stand loss from insect damage or poor
emergence.
5
Early growth:
Ratings are taken when two leaf collars are visible.
6
Plant height:
9 = Tall. 1 = Short.
7
Staygreen:
A measure of late season plant health. A lower score also means that the plant stover loses colour and dries
down more rapidly at maturity.
8
Whole plant digestibility:
Based on estimated 24 hour in vitro, whole plant digestibility percentage (DM basis) as predicted by Near
Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS).
9
Fibre digestibility:
Based on 24 hour enzymatic estimate of the proportion of degradable neutral detergent fibre (NDF) as a
percentage of the total NDF in whole plant sample, predicted by NIRS.
10
Silage crude protein:
Based on the amount of crude protein in the whole plant, predicted by NIRS.
11
Starch and sugar:
Based on total starch, sugar and oil content of hybrids harvested at silage maturity. Use this score as a
relative comparison of the whole plant concentration of more readily available energy (primarily grain) among
individual hybrids.
12
Northern Leaf Blight (NLB) and Eyespot:
Caution: In conditions where NLB and Eyespot risks are high, growers should only consider planting hybrids
with at least moderate resistance ratings of 5 or higher for these diseases.
13
Hybrid disease resistance ratings:
8 to 9 = Highly resistant. 6 to 7 = Resistant. 4 to 5 = Moderately resistant. 1 to 3 = Susceptible. - = Insufficient data.
Common Rust, Eyespot and NLB ratings are based on overseas data together with New Zealand
observations. Scores are based on visual assessment only and not on yield reduction data.
1
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Cool environments:
In cool environments, including high altitude sites greater
than approximately 150 m / 500 ft above sea level, select your yield environment using the descriptions
in note 17, then increase established plant populations to the next level i.e.for P0791 in a medium yield
environment at high altitude, plant to achieve 108,000 established plants per hectare.
15
Established plant populations:
These assume good seed establishment conditions. If you are planting very early or into a less than ideal
seedbed or where insect pressure may be high (e.g. a shorter than optimum fallow period), seeding rates
may need to be increased to compensate for reduced establishment due to field losses.
16
Plant populations:
The tabulated established populations are recommendations only. Work with your local Pioneer
representative or Merchant seed representative to determine the appropriate plant populations for your
specific growing environment.
17
Growing environment definitions:
May include some or all of the following characteristics:
14
Challenging yield environments (CYE)
Typically light, sandy or shallow soils of low fertility, low moisture retention, and predictably low summer
rainfall (drought-prone environments).
High cob or leaf disease pressure.
Medium yield environments (MYE)
Average fertility soils with predictably adequate summer rainfall and good moisture retention.
Continuously cropped soils. Medium to low cob or leaf disease pressure.
High yield environments (HYE)
Typically deeper, highly fertile and well structured soils with good moisture retention. Predictably good summer rainfall, shelter from high wind run. Good soils straight out of long term pasture. Low or no cob or leaf disease pressure.
2016 silage trial locations
SOUTH ISLAND: 20 trials
North
Pongaroa
Golden Bay
Rockville
Tasman
Bay
Riwaka
Westport
Wakefield
Granity
Blenheim
Nelson-Marlborough
Reefton
Whataroa
Cook
Strait
Wellington
Wellington
Ward
Westland
Greymouth
Hokitika
Ross
Masterton
Upper Hutt
Porirua
Nelson
Porangahau
Ahaura
Otira
Harihari
Hawarden
Canterbury
Kaikoura
Waiau
Sefton
Cheviot
Pegasus Bay
Christchurch
Templeton
Methven
Akaroa
Rakaia
Hinds
Fairlie
Canterbury Bight
Temuka
Haast
South
Island
Wanaka
Cromwell
Otago
Otematata Timaru
Kurow Morven
Glenavy
Oamaru
Clyde Alexandra
Hampden
Palmerston
Southland
Roxburgh
Te Anau
Waikouaiti
Manapouri Lumsden
Heriot
Riversdale
Tapanui
Milton
Tuatapere Ohai Gore
Otautau
Owaka Kaitangata
Dunedin
Invercargill
Foveaux Strait Bluff
Stewart
Island
Waikawa
Halfmoon Bay
= Pioneer silage trial location
You’re just around the corner, so we trial just down the road.
Page 4
Page 5
Haast
Otira
Te Kao
Rahotu
Kuaotunu
Motu
Te Kaha
Thornton
Opotiki
Tuai
Wairoa
Hawke
Bay
Napier
Porangahau
Waipawa
Hastings
Tutira
Mohaka
Waiotapu
Maketu
Whangamata
Hahei
Tihoi
Ohakune
Taupo
Rotorua
Te Awamutu
Hamilton
Orini
Paeroa
Colville
Tahora
Waitaanga
Te
Kuiti
Huntly
Tauhoa
Waiuku
Ruapuke
Awakino
Ararata
Taihape
Wanganui
Palmerston
North
Pongaroa
Masterton
Upper Hutt
Wellington
Tuparoa
Hicks Bay
Tikitiki
Aorangi
Tokomaru Bay
Tolaga Bay
Gisborne
Mahia
= Pioneer silage trial location
Wellington
Castlecliff
Porirua
Cook
Strait
Ward
Hawera
Hauraki Port Jackson
Gulf
Mangawhai
Taurikura
Matapouri
Punaruku
Bay of Islands
Te Ngaire
Doubtless Bay
Takahue
Kaihu
Hikurangi
Rehia
Pouto
Dargaville
Golden Bay
Cheviot
Kaikoura
Blenheim
Nelson
Tasman
Bay
Canterbury Bight
Akaroa
Christchurch
Pegasus Bay
Waiau
Wakefield
Riwaka
Rockville
New Plymouth
Auckland
Muriwai
Kaipara Harbour
Mitimiti
Ahipara
Houhora
Te Paki
Granity
Reefton
Templeton
Sefton
Hawarden
Westland
Ahaura
Westport
Greymouth
Hokitika
Ross
Harihari
Glenavy
Morven
Timaru
Temuka
Rakaia
Hinds
Methven
Fairlie
Otematata
Kurow
Whataroa
Otago
Hampden
Oamaru
Waikouaiti
Palmerston
Dunedin
Kaitangata
Tapanui
Milton
Heriot
Roxburgh
Clyde Alexandra
Cromwell
Wanaka
Gore
Owaka
Waikawa
Bay of Plenty
2016 silage trial locations
Ohai
Riversdale
Southland
Te Anau
Lumsden
239 SILAGE TRIALS ACROSS NEW ZEALAND
Manapouri
Tuatapere
Otautau
Invercargill
Halfmoon Bay
Foveaux Strait Bluff
Stewart
Island
You’re just around the corner, so we trial just down the road.
contents
Long term breeding and testing delivers higher yields
Optimum Aquamax®
Hybrids to watch out for
New Zealand maize research programme
2015-2016 growing season
Maize silage growing regions
Trial results, side-by-side comparisons
and statistical significance
Interpretation of t-test stars for hybrid
side-by-side yield comparisons
Selecting the best hybrid – trial numbers
are important
Interpretation of the hybrid comparison result table
Regression analysis
Milk profit calculation
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12
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14
15
16
17
18
SILAGE YIELD COMPARISON GRAPHS
for South Island
20
Interpretation of the yield comparison graph
P7524 yield comparison graph for silage
38V12 yield comparison graph for silage
21
22
23
24
25
Paired silage comparisons
Comparison index for South Island
27
Pioneer Research Stations results
Ashburton45
Individual Farmer trial results
Carey, Mark & Anne
Chapman, John
Dobbs, Lionel & Janine
Five Star Beef Ltd
Flintoft, Peter & Amanda
Leadley, Paul
McCully, Barry
McManus, Murray
Molloy, Phil
Morrison, Nigel
Sheppard, Dan
Stone, Murray
Van Leeuwen Dairy Group (Aad Van Leeuwen)
Von Ah, Mary & Nicky
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Thank you to the 2015/2016 Trial Co-operators
50
Page 6
Page 7
long term breeding and testing
delivers higher yields
For more than 80 years Pioneer breeders have improved the agronomy, disease resistance
and yield of commercially available maize hybrids. The annual rate of silage yield gain in
New Zealand is estimated to have been over 300 kilograms of drymatter per hectare per
year over the last 55 years, as shown in the graph below. While crop management has
made a significant contribution to yield increases, the largest is a result of the breeding of
both more defensive and higher yielding hybrids. As a result, a newly introduced Pioneer
hybrid will have a considerable yield advantage over older hybrids.
New Zealand maize silage yield trend 1961 to 2015
Yield (tDM/ha)
30
25
20
The most reliable way to select superior hybrids is to consider yield stability and quality
performance information, gathered over several seasons and over a wide range of locations
within a growing region. Individual on-farm trial results should not be used to select a
hybrid because they are not a reliable predictor of hybrid performance in future seasons.
A useful rule of thumb is that at least 20 locations over several seasons are required to
provide adequate comparative yield performance information. This data should then be
statistically analysed to establish the quality of the data and if there are any real yield
differences between hybrids being compared.
This publication provides a summary of the investment made to evaluate the silage yield
performance of Pioneer® brand products and other brands of silage hybrids in five defined
growing regions in New Zealand (see map on page 12).
15
10
5
64
19
67
19
70
19
73
19
76
19
79
19
82
19
85
19
88
19
91
19
94
19
97
20
00
20
03
20
06
20
09
20
12
20
15
19
61
0
19
To maximise their returns, silage growers should look to introduce new hybrids that are best
suited to their farm system on a regular basis. Desired harvest timing, soil type, cultivation
methods and agronomic traits such as early growth, drought tolerance, stalk and root
strength, disease resistances and silage quality are all important considerations to include
in the hybrid selection process.
Year
Source: New Zealand Year Book and Pioneer® brand products New Zealand Research Programme.
It is Pioneer’s policy to only publish statistically significant results when comparing a
Pioneer hybrid with that of another brand (please see page 14 for more information).
As a result we do not make any hybrid comparison inferences based on only a few
trials. Consequently comparisons involving new hybrids may take several seasons to
generate sufficient data to publish.
MORE OUT OF EVERY DROP
TOUGH
FROM TASSEL TO ROOT
ADVANCED
STOMATA CONTROL
for more efficient use
of water.
BETTER STAYGREEN
LENGTHENS WINDOW
OF OPPORTUNITY
FOR GROWTH
AgGRESSIVE
SILKING
drought susceptible hybrid
Optimum Aquamax® hybrid
Pioneer Optimum AQUAmax® drought-tolerant hybrid (left) vs. a susceptible hybrid (right) grown side by side in a drought environment.
Optimum AQUAmax® hybrids are exciting new products that offer growers additional choices to
help minimise risk and maximise crop productivity under drought stress.
Developed and tested utilising
Pioneer’s extensive drought
technology research and
proprietary Accelerated Yield
Technology (AYT™) system,
Optimum AQUAmax® hybrids
help deliver a yield advantage in
water-limited environments.
EQUIPPED WITH
STRONG AGRONOMICS
DEEPER
KERNELS
Simply stated, Optimum AQUAmax® hybrids:
Maximise water access
through an extended
rooting system.
Help minimise the risk of
decreased yields due to
drought stress.
Deliver yield stability
even in dry seasons.
P9911
P0791
maintain yield under
late season water stress.
USE LESS WATER
PER KILOGRAM
of yield
EFFICIENT
ROOT SYSTEM
Optimum aquamax® hybrid range for the 2016/2017 season
P9241
for improved kernel set.
captures deep
soil moisture.
P0725
Page 8
Page 9
Hybrids to watch out for
For spring 2016 a number of new silage hybrids will be introduced for the first time:
P8000: A tall product with low ear placement, strong roots and stalks for excellent eye
appeal and improved standability. P8000 has a chunky cob with deep dent grain for the
production of top yields of high starch content silage. An 80 CRM product which is destined
to be widely grown in Taranaki, Lower North Island and South Island, while providing an
excellent balance of yield and earliness in northern growing regions.
P1758: A dependable 114 CRM hybrid with excellent standability and stable yield
performance. Plant early into high yielding paddocks to fully exploit the potential of this
exciting new entrant. Sound drought tolerance, Northern Leaf Blight resistance and
staygreen support a wide harvest window. A compact defensive hybrid for earlier plantings
in full season situations in Northland, Waikato, Bay of Plenty and down the East Coast to
Northern Hawke’s Bay. A great option where Northern Leaf Blight, lodging or yield stability
are considerations.
P9241: A 92 CRM, early maturity Optimum AQUAmax® hybrid with great appearance,
exceptional all round agronomic profile, disease resistances and yield stability for silage and
grain. Moderately tall with low ear placement, good standability with the best combination
of drought and staygreen. P9241 is well adapted to all northern growing regions where a
hybrid of this maturity is required. However, it yields particularly well from Taranaki, Lower
North Island and south into Canterbury.
The Optimum AQUAmax® range for silage now includes P9241, P9911, P0791 and
P0725. The drought tolerance in these hybrids provides resilience when it’s dry and yield
responsiveness under favourable growing conditions.
P0640: A 106 CRM hybrid which combines excellent all-round agronomics with desirable
Northern Leaf Blight, Common Rust and ear rot resistances. A tall plant with sound
standability, staygreen and drought tolerance producing silage with superior energy content.
P0640 provides yield stability in a wide range of environments including Northland, Waikato,
Bay of Plenty and the East Coast.
We recommend this publication to be used in conjunction with the Pioneer® brand Maize
for Silage 2016/2017 catalogue and the expertise provided by Pioneer as well as your local
merchant representatives.
All new Pioneer hybrids have been extensively tested and offer performance advantages
over similar established hybrids.
New zealand maize research programmE
Pioneer Hi-Bred International Global Breeding Programme
Thousands of new hybrids evaluated each year.
New Zealand Maize Silage Hybrid Evaluation Programme
IMPACT trials test up to 100 experimental and commercial hybrids.
The best new hybrids are advanced for PAT testing in the next season.
PAT trials evaluate the best new hybrids grown side-by-side with
existing commercial hybrids in on-farm strip trials.
Side-by-side trial data collected from at least 20 locations, over several seasons, within a
growing region is pooled to create an average yield result for the two hybrids.
A t-test analysis is used to calculate the statistical significance of the measured pooled
side-by-side yield result. Statistical significance is indicated by significance stars.
New Zealand Maize Silage Grower
Twenty five tried and tested high yielding maize silage hybrids available to local growers in
spring 2016.
Page 10
Page 11
2015-16 GROWING SEASON
The 2015-16 season was characterised by generally favourable growing conditions in the
spring through to early summer. There was adequate rain and heat to ensure crops that
were planted on time in better soils had developed excellent potential by early February.
While the much talked about El Niño did not arrive as expected, hot dry weather in the early
part of grain fill did limit final silage yields.
research plot planters with GPS guidance for increased accuracy and precision in a range of
environments with different soil types, weather and disease pressures. As the name implies,
they benefit from intensive management, close observation and evaluation throughout the
growing season. At the end of the growing season specialist forage harvesters measure
hybrid yield as the plots are being harvested.
The trial yield results reported in this publication range from poor to exceptional. The
exceptional crops often trace back to optimal planting dates into paddocks of good water
holding capacity and with the application of the best agronomic practices, overlaid with
sufficient rain at critical stages of crop growth. Later planted crops were more impacted by
the dry conditions during critical development stages.
The geographical spread of IMPACT™ trials is enabled by the availability of equipment
transporters facilitating these trials at locations from Northland to the Waikato, Lower North
Island and South Island.
IMPACT™ AND PAT’S EFFECTIVELY TEST AND
DELIVER NEW COMMERCIAL HYBRIDS
Pioneer® brand products’ ongoing commitment to sourcing and effective testing of hybrids
in New Zealand provides growers with the opportunity to maximise maize silage yield and
quality. The IMPACT™ trials (Intensively Managed Product Advancement, Characterisation
and Training trials) together with the PAT (Product Advancement Trials) testing programme
marks a unique team effort between research, sales, growers, merchants and contractors.
IMPACT™ or replicated small plot trials, provide local testing of up to 100 hybrids. The
best experimental hybrids are advanced to strip or PAT trials for further and more extensive
testing the next season. The silage PAT’s only evaluate six to eight hybrids at a time but are
over a wider geographic spread in growing regions where the new hybrid is expected to
have a performance advantage over existing commercial hybrids.
The IMPACT™ programme is an advanced method for evaluating maize hybrids in replicated
research plots. These trials are planted using specialised pneumatic 4-row
Together, these trials funnel local information into the product commercialisation decision
making process. It allows Pioneer® brand products to bring proven, industry-leading
maize genetics to the New Zealand market and to understand which products offer the
best performance in each growing region. As a result, specific customer needs can be
more readily targeted and in so doing, the grower will experience the benefit of our “Right
Product, Right Paddock” strategy.
The aim of the trial programme is to identify the best maize hybrids for New Zealand growing
conditions. We achieve this through the combination of comprehensive field observation, as
well as rigorous data evaluation and statistical analysis of the results generated, as shown
in the previous page.
MAIZE SILAGE growing regions
Growing regions used for data summary and hybrid
performance reporting:
1. Northland & South Auckland
2. Waikato
3. Bay of Plenty, Gisborne & Northern Hawke’s Bay
4. Central Hawke’s Bay, Lower North Island & Taranaki
5. South Island
The most reliable way to select superior hybrids is to consider yield and quality performance
information, gathered over several seasons from a range of locations within a growing
region. Individual on-farm trial results should not be used to select a hybrid because they
are not a reliable predictor of hybrid performance in future seasons. A useful rule of thumb
is that 20 locations of data are required to provide adequate comparative yield performance
information. This data should then be statistically analysed to establish the quality of the data
and to establish if there are any real differences between hybrids being compared.
Page 12
Page 13
TRIAL RESULTS, SIDE-BY-SIDE COMPARISONS and
statistical significance
Trial results
Side-by-side comparisons
In order to ensure accuracy in trial planting, in-season note taking, plot harvest,
field-weighing and silage drymatter determination, the Pioneer Field Technicians follow ISO
9001:2008 approved best practice procedures.
In a valid side-by-side comparison, two hybrids similar in maturity are planted
side-by-side in the same paddock according to strict scientific protocols. At harvest, crop
yield, drymatter and nutritional characteristics are measured. This allows the performance
of the two hybrids to be compared under the same growing conditions. Side-by-side trial
data collected from a number of locations over several seasons, within defined growing
regions, is pooled to create an average side-by-side yield result for the two hybrids.
All farmer trial co-operators receive a copy of their individual results. This information
represents the outcome of comparing hybrids included in that one environment, in that
particular season and under the management practice employed by the grower.
The results of IMPACT™ trials have not been published, as most hybrids are only
experimental, which will not be tested again and as a result are not of direct interest to the
maize growing community.
When using trial results, it is essential that the overall performance of a hybrid over several
seasons and sites in your growing region are considered, as this is more likely to be a
robust and stable indicator of future performance in your paddock.
A statistical analysis (called a t-test) is used to calculate the statistical significance of the
measured, pooled, side-by-side yield result. This may sound complicated but statistical
), simply shows how likely the measured
significance, indicated by significance stars (
average of the side-by-side yield difference is, due to an actual genetic yield difference
between the two hybrids, rather than just chance. In other words we are essentially asking:
“Based on the data, are these two hybrids the same or different for yield?”
Interpretation of the t-test stars ( )
for hybrid side-by-side yield comparisons
The table below presents a summary of the possible t-test outcomes.
INTERPRETATION OF PAIRED COMPARISONS
Where stars
are shown below each comparison, this indicates the level of confidence that a real yield difference actually exists
between two hybrids based on the yield data. Yield superiority can only be concluded where one to three stars are present.
P VALUE
CONFIDENCE
LEVEL
<0.001
SCIENTIFIC
DESIGNATION
LEVEL OF
SIGNIFICANCE
YIELD
ADVANTAGE
>99.9%
Very highly
significant
YES
<0.01
>99.0%
Highly significant
YES
<0.05
>95.0%
Significant
YES
<0.10
>90.0%
CA
Commercially
Acceptable
YES
Not a significant result, but may be regarded as a
commercially acceptable basis for a decision.
>0.10
<90.0%
NS
Not significant
NO
Product superiority for yield cannot be claimed.
Ignore the yield comparison and refer primarily to trait
ratings to select between the hybrids.
INTERPRETATION
Product superiority for yield can be claimed.
Can confidently plant a winning hybrid providing no
key agronomic traits are limiting, and/or if a key trait
advantage exists. Check the trait ratings for any
considerations.
The more stars ( ) present for the comparison, the more confident we can be that the measured average side-by-side yield
difference is due to an actual genetic yield difference between the two hybrids rather than just chance.
Where a result is commercially acceptable (CA), the result is not designated as statistically
significant, but it may be regarded as commercially acceptable.
Where a result is not significant (NS), we cannot conclude there is a yield difference between
the hybrids. There are two principle explanations;
1. Where the yields are very similar and the comparison has been made over more than
20 locations, no significance may indicate there is little measurable difference between the
two hybrids (i.e. they yield about the same) or;
2. Where there appears to be a yield difference no significance will generally indicate
there are too few trial locations involved, or there have been inconsistent or fluctuating
results. It is therefore, not possible to confidently indicate whether the difference is real. In
this instance, growers should use the important hybrid trait ratings to select which hybrid
to plant.
On the other hand, yields may appear to be very similar but still achieve significance – this
happens in cases where yield variations are small and the number of trial locations is large.
A t-test analysis of statistical significance is carried out on all Pioneer side-by-side
comparisons and we take great care to base our product yield statements on the
outcome.
Page 14
Page 15
SELECTING THE BEST HYBRID
SELECTING
THE BEST
HYBRID – TRIAL NUMBERS
IMPORTANT
– TRIAL
NUMBERS
AREAREIMPORTANT
Another way of interpreting side-by-side comparisons is to assess the
Simply stated the reason we’ve strongly emphasised the importance of using
Two
key factors which influence the probability of selecting the best hybrid from the
The reason we’ve strongly emphasised the importance of using multi-location data for
multi-location data for the comparison of interest is that it is the best and most
probability of selecting the right hybrid based on the data. The two key factors
comparison
are
the
number
of
locations
involved
and
the
size
of
the
measured
yield
the comparison of interest is that it is the best and most practical way of increasing your
practical way of increasing your chance of selecting the highest performing
which improve the probability of selecting the right hybrid from the comparison
difference.
hybrid. chance of selecting the highest yielding hybrid.
are the number of locations involved and the size of the measured yield
difference.
Another
way of interpreting side-by-side comparisons is to assess the probability For
of example
For example
hybrid
has advantage
a yield advantage
of 500
kg of drymatter
per hectare – the
where awhere
hybridahas
a yield
of 500 kg
of drymatter
per
selecting
the
best
hybrid
based
on
the
data.
The
table
below
shows
how
the
probability
yield
data
from
one
trial
gives
a
probability
of
63.1%
of
choosing
the
higher
yielding hybrid.
hectare – 10 trials of yield data gives a probability of 63.1% of choosing the
The table below presents the probability of selecting the right hybrid from a
ofseries
selecting
the
winning
hybrid
from
a
series
of
side-by-side
comparisons
is
influenced
by
This
rises
to
95.2%
with
25
trial
comparisons.
higher yielding hybrid. This rises to 95.2% with 25 trial comparisons.
of side-by-side comparisons based on these two factors.
these two factors.
®
brand products
uses growers
to help growers
Thistool
is that
the tool
that®Pioneer
Probability of correctly selecting the better hybrid in a silage hybrid
This is the
Pioneer
brand products
uses to help
make themake the best hybrid
choices.
We use
comparisons
over asover
many
as possible,
Probability
of correctly
selecting
better hybrid
in aofsilage
side-by-side
side-by-side
comparison
given the
a specified
number
trialshybrid
and the
best hybrid
choices.
We paired
use paired
comparisons,
as paddocks
many paddocks
as within the growing
of adaptation
the two
hybrids. This
generates
data which gives growers
comparison
givendifference.
a specified number of trials and the measured yield difference. possible,region
measured yield
withinand
the area
growing
region andofarea
of adaptation
of the
two hybrids.
the highest
of selecting
the highest
winningprobability
hybrid. of selecting
This generates
dataprobability
which gives
growers the
Number of
Trials
Measured Yield Difference
(kilograms
drymatter
perhectare)
hectare)
(kilogramsofof
grain per
250
500
750
1000
1
57.6%
63.1%
69.1%
74.8%
10
70.1%
85.4%
94.3%
98.2%
25
79.8%
95.2%
99.4%
>99.9%
50
88.1%
99.1%
>99.9%
>99.9%
Standard
deviation
of
the
yield
difference
is
assumed
to
be
1,500
kgDM/ha.
Standard deviation of the yield difference is assumed to be 1,500 kgDM/ha.
the winning hybrid.
The table also shows that it takes fewer locations to confidently identify superior hybrids
The table
also
shows
that ityield
takes
fewer locations to confidently identify
with
large
measured
advantages.
superior hybrids with large yield advantages, than when searching for small
The table on the next page shows the format in which the analysis
differences.
publication.
The table on the next page shows the format in which the analysis is
presented in this publication.
Page 9
is presented in this
Interpretation of the hybrid
comparison
result table
INTERPRETATION OF THE HYBRID COMPARISON RESULT TABLE
P0891 compared with 35A30 for silage.
Pioneer® brand
P0891
Waikato
Milk profit advantage
to P0891 ($/ha)
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
P0891 (%)
Harvest drymatter
35A30 (%)
Silage yield advantage
to P0891 (kgDM/ha)
7
76 trials
40.7 %
40.7 %
+ 940 kgDM/ha
+ $400 /ha
P0891 outyields 35A30 (probability < 0.01). This is a highly significant
result. Hybrid superiority for yield is shown.
Plant the "winning hybrid" with a high level of confidence, but also consult the
trait ratings.
««
(See page 18 for formula)
Stars denote the significance level of this
comparison and are not intended to be a
product recommendation
The table indicates;
The table indicates;
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The hybrids being compared (P0891 and 35A30)
The hybrids being compared (P0891 and 35A30)
The number
of seasons
of data(7)
included (7)
The number
of seasons
of data included
The total number of comparisons made between the two hybrids (76)
The total number of comparisons made between the two hybrids (76)
Average harvest dry matter for each hybrid (40.7% and 40.7%)
Theharvest
yield advantage
in each
kgDM/ha
Average
dry matter for
hybrid(940)
(40.7% and 40.7%)
The milk profit advantage per hectare ($400)
The yield advantage in kgDM/ha (940)
The level of statistical significance as explained on page 14.
•
The milk profit advantage per hectare ($400)
•
The level of statistical significance as explained on page 14.
Comparisons are calculated based on trials where the hybrids were planted in the same strip trial.
The milk profit advantage reported relates to the potential value of milksolids produced from the reported drymatter yield advantage. Please refer to
Comparisons
are calculated
based on trials
in the same trial.
page
18
for where the hybrids
the were plantedassumptions
used
in
this
calculation.
The milk profit advantage reported relates to the potential value of milksolids produced from the reported drymatter yield advantage. Please refer to page 18 for the assumptions used in
this calculation.
Page 17
Page 16
Page 17
regression analysis
The regression analysis is used to describe the relationship between the yields of two
hybrids, compared to the trial average yield in a series of trials where the two hybrids were
grown together.
REGRESSION
The regression graph
below is made up by a number of important components;
The regression analysis is used to describe the relationship between
of two hybrids,
to the trial average yield in a series
The coefficientthe
of yields
determination
(R2): compared
This represents
the proportion of the data that is
of trials where the two hybrids were grown
together.
explained by the lines of best fit. The higher the R2, the more confidence we have in the
graph
is made
by a number
important
lines of best fit. The
If theregression
R2 was 1.00
the below
yield line
wouldup
perfectly
describeofthe
hybrid yield
components;
response and every data point would fall on this line.
•
The coefficient of determination (R2).
The graph is plotted
against the x and y axis where,
This represents the proportion of the
data that is explained by the
lines of best fit. The higher the R the more confidence we have in
X axis = trial average yield (in kilograms of drymatter
per hectare) which is the average
the lines of best fit. If the R2 was 1.00 the yield line would perfectly
yield of all hybrids indescribe
the trial.the
This
is a measure of the environmental potential.
hybrid yield response and every data point would fall
on this line.
2
Y axis = yield (kilograms of drymatter per hectare) of the individual hybrid.
•
The graph is plotted against the x and y axis where;
Along each axis theXyield
levels are indicated.
axis = trial average yield (in kilograms of drymatter per hectare)
Each triangle or square symbol indicates an individual trial yield.
The hybrid regression line: The hybrid regression line characterises the expected yield
performance of the hybrid presented as the averageANALYSIS
yield level changes from low to high.
The
regression
lines
of
the
two
hybrids
presented
indicate
the relative performance of each
Y axis = yield (kilograms of drymatter per hectare) of the individual
hybrid
over
the
range
of
yield
levels
represented.
hybrid.
Along
each
axis the yield
are indicated.
It is
important
not levels
to extend
hybrid recommendations
data
points
plottedsymbol
on theindicates
graph. The
regression
only
Each
triangle
or square
an individual
trial is
yield.
beyond the boundaries of
accurate over the range of
available
trial yields.
• The hybrid regression line.
The hybrid regression line characterises the expected yield
performance of the hybrid presented as the average yield level
changes from low to high. The regression lines of the two hybrids
presented indicate the relative performance of each hybrid over the
range of yield levels represented.
It is important not to extend hybrid recommendations beyond the
boundaries of data points plotted on the graph. The regression is
only accurate over the range of available trial yields.
Yield Kilograms of Drymatter per Hectare
which is the average yield of all hybrids in the trial. This is a
measure of the environmental potential.
Trial Average Yield Kilograms of Drymatter per Hectare
Page 18
MILK PROFIT CALCULATION
Hybrid summaries in this publication use the following equations to calculate milk profit ($/ha)
Milk Profit = Milksolids Yield/ha x Milk Payout – Silage Production Costs/ha *
Where
Milksolids Yield/ha = Silage Yield (kgDM/ha) x 100 g Milksolids per kgDM fed
Milk Payout is based on an expected milksolids payout of $4.25/kg as announced by Fonterra on 6 April 2016.
* A detailed listing of the cost for last season’s production was published in the Pioneer® Maize for Silage 2015/2016 catalogue.
Page 18
Page 19
SOUTH ISLAND
YIELD COMPARISON GRAPHS
®
FOR PIONEER BRAND
MAIZE SILAGE HYBRIDS
Page 20
Page 21
INTERPRETATION OF THE YIELD
COMPARISON GRAPH
The title indicates the key comparison hybrid and the growing region for
all years cumulative up to the 2016 harvest – e.g. P7524 for South
Island.
P7524 as the key comparison hybrid is placed in the centre of the graph.
The blue numbers along the top of the graph are the percent difference
in harvest drymatter from the key comparison hybrid. Hybrids to the left
of the “zero centre point” are drier at harvest and earlier in maturity than
P7524. Hybrids to the right of the “zero centre point” are wetter at harvest
and later in maturity than P7524. Comparison hybrids are within + or –
2.5% drymatter at harvest.
The green numbers down the left hand side of the graph are the yield
difference in kilogrammes of drymatter / hectare. Hybrids above the
“zero yield difference” line are higher yielding than P7524. Hybrids below
the “zero yield difference” line are lower yielding than P7524.
The points plotted for each hybrid represent the average harvest
drymatter and yield difference between P7524 and three comparison
hybrids planted in the same trials as P7524 in the South Island.
The stars/text adjacent to the hybrid names indicate the level of yield
significance:





NS
CA
= Not significant
= Commercially acceptable
 = Significant yield advantage
 = Highly significant yield advantage

= Very highly significant yield advantage
The numbers in brackets indicate the number of trials where P7524 and
the comparison hybrid were planted together. The second number
indicates the number of seasons of testing.
e.g. 39V43 (37, 4) shows that P7524 and has a highly significant
yield advantage over 39V43 when compared in 37 trials over four
seasons in the South Island.
Comparisons should only be made between the relative performance
of the key hybrid (P7524) and each comparison hybrid listed. Individual
comparisons among these hybrids should not be made as they will not
always have been planted in the same trials which invalidates their
direct comparison
P7524 yield comparison graph for silage.
Pioneer® brand
P7524
South Island
Percent difference in harvest drymatter
-2.5
2000
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
Higher Yield Earlier Maturing (Drier)
1.5
2
2.5
Higher Yield Later Maturing (Wetter)
1500
Yield difference (kgDM/ha)
1
1000
39G12 *(43, 4)
500
P7524
0
-500
-1000
-1500
39V43 **(37, 4)
Lower Yield Earlier Maturing (Drier)
Lower Yield Later Maturing (Wetter)
Delitop **(15, 2)
-2000
Comparisons should only be made between the relative performance of the key hybrid (P7524) and each comparison hybrid listed.
Individual comparisons among these hybrids should not be made. They will not always have been planted in the same trials which
invalidates their direct comparison. (See page 14 for more explanation).
Page 22
Page 23
Pioneer® brand
P8805
South Island
-2.5
2000
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
1500
38V12 *(24, 3)
1000
500
39T45 NS(30, 3)
0
P8805
-500
-1000
P8000 *(8, 2)
-1500
-2000
should only be made between the relative performance of the key hybrid (P8805) and each comparison hybrid listed.
. Comparisons
Pioneer® brand
P8000
South Island
-2.5
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
2000
1500
P8805 *(8, 2)
1000
500
P8000
0
-500
39G12 NS(30, 3)
-1000
-1500
-2000
Comparisons should only be made between the relative performance of the key hybrid (P8000) and each comparison hybrid listed.
Page 24
Page 25
38V12 yield comparison graph for silage.
Pioneer® brand
38V12
South Island
-2.5
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
500
38V12
0
-500
39F58 *(50, 6)
-1000
P8805 *(24, 3)
P9241 CA(7, 1)
-1500
-2000
P9400 ***(20, 4)
-2500
Comparisons should only be made between the relative performance of the key hybrid (38V12) and each comparison hybrid listed.
SOUTH ISLAND PAIRED SILAGE
COMPARISONS FOR
PIONEER® BRAND MAIZE HYBRIDS
Page 26
Page 27
COMPARISON INDEX FOR SOUTH ISLAND
Pioneer
Hybrid
Comparison
hybrid
Number of
seasons
Number
of trials
Drymatter
Advantage
(%)
Yield
Advantage
(KgDM/ha)
38V12
39F58
6
50
-0.92
705
38V12
39T45
9
68
-2.92
1112
38V12
P8805
3
24
-2.28
1129
38V12
P9241
1
7
1.21
38V12
P9400
4
20
39F58
38V12
6
50
Number
of trials
Drymatter
Advantage
(%)
Yield
Advantage
(KgDM/ha)
Yield
Signifi
cance
Page
#
39V43
P7524
4
37
1.52
-1413
***
39
29
P7524
39G12
4
43
1.45
-690
*
***
**
***
35
39V43
4
37
-1.52
1413
1412
CA
31
P7524
Delitop
2
15
1.01
1848
1.10
2069
***
32
P7524
P8000
3
16
3.16
-2143
0.92
-705
*
28
P8000
39G12
3
30
-1.04
727
NS
41
P8000
P7524
3
16
-3.16
2143
42
P8000
P8805
2
8
1.39
-1324
***
*
34
P8805
38V12
3
24
2.28
-1129
*
30
2.34
-847
39G12
39V43
8
62
-2.59
2209
39G12
Delitop
3
34
0.60
1808
39G12
P7524
4
43
-1.45
690
39G12
P8000
3
30
1.04
-727
39T45
38V12
9
68
2.92
-1112
39T45
39G12
9
61
-2.34
847
39T45
Delitop
2
17
-1.84
2853
39T45
P8805
3
30
1.16
172
2.59
-2209
Scientific designation
NS
CA



Number of
seasons
P7524
61
62
Comparison
hybrid
30
9
8
Pioneer
Hybrid
28
39T45
39G12
Page
#
*
***
*
39G12
39V43
Yield
Signifi
cance
No significant yield difference
Commercially acceptable
Significant yield advantage
Highly significant yield advantage
Very highly significant yield advantage
39
40
42
**
***
**
*
36
35
P8805
39T45
3
30
-1.16
-172
NS
38
NS
41
P8805
P8000
2
8
-1.39
1324
43
P8805
P9400
2
10
4.18
1688
*
*
***
**
***
29
P9241
38V12
1
7
-1.21
-1412
CA
31
NS
38
P9400
38V12
4
20
-1.10
-2069
32
P9400
P8805
2
10
-4.18
-1688
***
*
***
43
33
36
44
37
33
44
38V12 compared with 39F58 for silage.
Pioneer® brand
38V12
South Island
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
38V12 (%)
Harvest drymatter
39F58 (%)
Silage yield
advantage to 38V12
(kgDM/ha)
6
50 trials
34.0 %
34.9 %
+ 705 kgDM/ha
+ $300 /ha

Yield Kilograms per Hectare
38V12 outyields 39F58 (probability < 0.05). This is a significant result.
Hybrid superiority for yield is shown.
Confidently plant the "winning hybrid", but also consult the trait ratings.
35000
38V12 R² = 0.8126
33000
39F58 R² = 0.7662
31000
29000
27000
25000
23000
to 38V12 ($/ha)

Star denotes the significance
level of this comparison and is
not intended to be a product
recommendation
38V12
39F58
Linear 38V12
Linear 39F58
21000
19000
17000
15000
Each triangle or square indicates a trial result for the indicated hybrid.
The lines of "best fit" show the relative performance of each hybrid.
13000
11000
14000
16000
18000
20000
22000
24000
26000
28000
Trial Average Yield Kilograms per Hectare
Page 28
Page 29
38V12 compared with 39T45 for silage.
Pioneer® brand
38V12
South Island
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
38V12 (%)
Harvest drymatter
39T45 (%)
Silage yield
advantage to 38V12
(kgDM/ha)
9
68 trials
35.6 %
38.5 %
+ 1112 kgDM/ha
+ $473 /ha
38V12 outyields 39T45 (probability < 0.001). This is a very highly significant result.
Plant the "winning hybrid" with a very high level of confidence, but also consult the trait
ratings.
to 38V12 ($/ha)


Stars denote the significance
level of this comparison and are
recommendation
36000
34000
32000
38V12 R² = 0.816
39T45 R² = 0.8258
30000
38V12
28000
39T45
26000
Linear 38V12
24000
22000
Linear 39T45
20000
18000
16000
14000
12000
10000
14000
16000
18000
20000
22000
24000
26000
28000
38V12 compared with P8805 for silage.
Pioneer® brand
38V12
South Island
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
38V12 (%)
Harvest drymatter
P8805 (%)
Silage yield
advantage to 38V12
(kgDM/ha)
3
24 trials
37.2 %
39.5 %
+ 1129 kgDM/ha
+ $480 /ha
to 38V12 ($/ha)

38V12 outyields P8805 (probability < 0.05). This is a significant result.

recommendation
34000
32000
38V12 R² = 0.8924
P8805 R² = 0.7821
30000
28000
26000
24000
38V12
P8805
Linear 38V12
Linear P8805
22000
20000
18000
16000
14000
12000
16000
18000
20000
22000
24000
26000
28000
30000
Page 30
Page 31
Pioneer® brand
38V12
South Island
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
38V12 (%)
Harvest drymatter
P9241 (%)
Silage yield
advantage to 38V12
(kgDM/ha)
1
7 trials
36.8 %
35.6 %
+ 1412 kgDM/ha
+ $600 /ha
38V12 outyields P9241 (probability < 0.10). This comparison is not statistically
"significant" scientifically, but is a commercially acceptable indication that may assist
with product positioning. Plant the "winning hybrid", but also consult the trait ratings.
33000
31000
29000
to 38V12 ($/ha)
CA
CA denotes the significance level
of this comparison and is not
intended to be a product
recommendation
38V12 R² = 0.9688
P9241 R² = 0.8874
38V12
P9241
27000
25000
Linear 38V12
Linear P9241
23000
21000
19000
17000
15000
19000
21000
23000
25000
27000
29000
Pioneer® brand
38V12
South Island
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
38V12 (%)
Harvest drymatter
P9400 (%)
Silage yield
advantage to 38V12
(kgDM/ha)
4
20 trials
37.5 %
36.4 %
+ 2069 kgDM/ha
+ $879 /ha
38V12 outyields P9400 (probability < 0.001). This is a very highly significant result.
ratings.
to 38V12 ($/ha)


recommendation
31000
38V12 R² = 0.8831
29000
P9400 R² = 0.804
27000
38V12
25000
P9400
23000
Linear 38V12
Linear P9400
21000
19000
17000
15000
13000
16000
18000
20000
22000
24000
26000
28000
Page 32
Page 33
39G12 compared with 39V43 for silage.
Pioneer® brand
39G12
South Island
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
39G12 (%)
Harvest drymatter
39V43 (%)
Silage yield
advantage to 39G12
(kgDM/ha)
8
62 trials
37.3 %
39.9 %
+ 2209 kgDM/ha
+ $939 /ha
39G12 outyields 39V43 (probability < 0.001). This is a very highly significant result.
ratings.
30000
39G12 R² = 0.7868
28000
39V43 R² = 0.7731
26000
39G12
24000
39V43
22000
Linear 39G12
20000
Linear 39V43
to 39G12 ($/ha)


recommendation
18000
16000
14000
12000
10000
8000
11000
13000
15000
17000
19000
21000
23000
25000
27000
39G12 compared with Delitop for silage.
Pioneer® brand
39G12
South Island
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
39G12 (%)
Harvest drymatter
Delitop (%)
Silage yield
advantage to 39G12
(kgDM/ha)
3
34 trials
36.8 %
36.2 %
+ 1808 kgDM/ha
+ $768 /ha
39G12 outyields Delitop (probability < 0.01). This is a highly significant result.
Plant the "winning hybrid" with a high level of confidence, but also consult the trait ratings.
to 39G12 ($/ha)


recommendation
31000
29000
39G12 R² = 0.5941
Delitop R² = 0.5493
27000
25000
23000
21000
39G12
Delitop
Linear 39G12
Linear Delitop
19000
17000
15000
13000
11000
9000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
22000
24000
26000
Page 34
Page 35
39G12 compared with P7524 for silage.
Pioneer® brand
39G12
South Island
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
39G12 (%)
Harvest drymatter
P7524 (%)
Silage yield
advantage to 39G12
(kgDM/ha)
4
43 trials
36.6 %
38.1 %
+ 690 kgDM/ha
+ $293 /ha

39G12 outyields P7524 (probability < 0.05). This is a significant result.
32000
39G12 R² = 0.8616
30000
P7524 R² = 0.8439
28000
26000
24000
22000
20000
to 39G12 ($/ha)

recommendation
39G12
P7524
Linear 39G12
Linear P7524
18000
16000
14000
12000
10000
8000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
22000
24000
26000
28000
30000
39T45 compared with 39G12 for silage.
Pioneer® brand
39T45
South Island
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
39T45 (%)
Harvest drymatter
39G12 (%)
Silage yield
advantage to 39T45
(kgDM/ha)
9
61 trials
35.6 %
38.0 %
+ 847 kgDM/ha
+ $360 /ha
39T45 outyields 39G12 (probability < 0.01). This is a highly significant result.
to 39T45 ($/ha)


recommendation
33000
31000
29000
39T45 R² = 0.8656
39G12 R² = 0.7341
27000
39T45
25000
39G12
23000
Linear 39T45
21000
Linear 39G12
19000
17000
15000
13000
11000
9000
11000
13000
15000
17000
19000
21000
23000
25000
27000
29000
Page 36
Page 37
39T45 compared with Delitop for silage.
Pioneer® brand
39T45
South Island
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
39T45 (%)
Harvest drymatter
Delitop (%)
Silage yield
advantage to 39T45
(kgDM/ha)
2
17 trials
34.5 %
36.3 %
+ 2853 kgDM/ha
+ $1213 /ha
39T45 outyields Delitop (probability < 0.001). This is a very highly significant result.
ratings.
30000
39T45 R² = 0.799
28000
26000
39T45
24000
Delitop
22000
Linear 39T45
20000
to 39T45 ($/ha)


recommendation
Linear Delitop
18000
16000
14000
12000
10000
13000
15000
17000
19000
21000
23000
25000
27000
39T45 compared with P8805 for silage.
Pioneer® brand
39T45
South Island
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
39T45 (%)
Harvest drymatter
P8805 (%)
Silage yield
advantage to 39T45
(kgDM/ha)
3
30 trials
37.5 %
36.4 %
+ 172 kgDM/ha
+ $73 /ha
This is not a significant result. Hybrid superiority for yield cannot be claimed. This
either means more trial locations and seasons are needed to achieve significance or there
is no yield difference between the hybrids. Ignore the yield comparison for hybrid
selection. Refer primarily to trait ratings to select between the hybrids.
to 39T45 ($/ha)
NS
NS denotes that this comparison
is "not significant" and is not
recommendation
33000
31000
39T45 R² = 0.8406
P8805 R² = 0.8034
29000
27000
25000
23000
39T45
P8805
Linear 39T45
Linear P8805
21000
19000
17000
15000
13000
11000
14000
16000
18000
20000
22000
24000
26000
28000
30000
Page 38
Page 39
P7524 compared with 39V43 for silage.
Pioneer® brand
P7524
South Island
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
P7524 (%)
Harvest drymatter
39V43 (%)
Silage yield
advantage to P7524
(kgDM/ha)
4
37 trials
37.4 %
38.9 %
+ 1413 kgDM/ha
+ $601 /ha
P7524 outyields 39V43 (probability < 0.001). This is a very highly significant result.
ratings.
to P7524 ($/ha)


recommendation
32000
30000
28000
P7524 R² = 0.8649
39V43 R² = 0.8133
26000
P7524
24000
39V43
22000
Linear P7524
20000
Linear 39V43
18000
16000
14000
12000
10000
8000
11000
13000
15000
17000
19000
21000
23000
25000
27000
P7524 compared with Delitop for silage.
Pioneer® brand
P7524
South Island
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
P7524 (%)
Harvest drymatter
Delitop (%)
Silage yield
advantage to P7524
(kgDM/ha)
2
15 trials
38.7 %
37.7 %
+ 1848 kgDM/ha
+ $785 /ha
P7524 outyields Delitop (probability < 0.01). This is a highly significant result.
29000
27000
25000
to P7524 ($/ha)


recommendation
P7524 R² = 0.7132
P7524
Delitop
23000
21000
Linear P7524
Linear Delitop
19000
17000
15000
13000
11000
16000
18000
20000
22000
24000
Page 40
Page 41
P8000 compared with 39G12 for silage.
Pioneer® brand
P8000
South Island
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
P8000 (%)
Harvest drymatter
39G12 (%)
Silage yield
advantage to P8000
(kgDM/ha)
3
30 trials
35.1 %
36.1 %
+ 727 kgDM/ha
+ $309 /ha
This is not a significant result. Hybrid superiority for yield cannot be claimed. This
either means more trial locations and seasons are needed to achieve significance or there
is no yield difference between the hybrids. Ignore the yield comparison for hybrid
selection. Refer primarily to trait ratings to select between the hybrids.
to P8000 ($/ha)
NS
NS denotes that this comparison
is "not significant" and is not
recommendation
33000
31000
29000
P8000 R² = 0.7533
39G12 R² = 0.8836
27000
P8000
25000
39G12
23000
Linear P8000
21000
Linear 39G12
19000
17000
15000
13000
11000
9000
13000
15000
17000
19000
21000
23000
25000
27000
29000
P8000 compared with P7524 for silage.
Pioneer® brand
P8000
South Island
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
P8000 (%)
Harvest drymatter
P7524 (%)
Silage yield
advantage to P8000
(kgDM/ha)
3
16 trials
34.5 %
37.6 %
+ 2143 kgDM/ha
+ $911 /ha
P8000 outyields P7524 (probability < 0.001). This is a very highly significant result.
ratings.
to P8000 ($/ha)


recommendation
33000
31000
29000
P8000 R² = 0.8177
P7524 R² = 0.8515
27000
P8000
25000
P7524
23000
Linear P8000
21000
Linear P7524
19000
17000
15000
13000
11000
9000
13000
15000
17000
19000
21000
23000
25000
27000
29000
Page 42
Page 43
Pioneer® brand
P8805
South Island
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
P8805 (%)
Harvest drymatter
P8000 (%)
Silage yield
advantage to P8805
(kgDM/ha)
2
8 trials
34.4 %
35.8 %
+ 1324 kgDM/ha
+ $563 /ha
to P8805 ($/ha)

P8805 outyields P8000 (probability < 0.05). This is a significant result.

recommendation
33000
31000
P8805 R² = 0.7552
P8000 R² = 0.9392
29000
27000
25000
23000
P8805
P8000
Linear P8805
Linear P8000
21000
19000
17000
15000
13000
11000
14000
16000
18000
20000
22000
24000
26000
28000
30000
Pioneer® brand
P8805
South Island
Number of
seasons
Number of
comparisons
Harvest drymatter
P8805 (%)
Harvest drymatter
P9400 (%)
Silage yield
advantage to P8805
(kgDM/ha)
2
10 trials
40.3 %
36.1 %
+ 1688 kgDM/ha
+ $717 /ha

P8805 outyields P9400 (probability < 0.05). This is a significant result.
29000
to P8805 ($/ha)

recommendation
P8805 R² = 0.674
P9400 R² = 0.7678
27000
P8805
25000
23000
21000
P9400
Linear P8805
Linear P9400
19000
17000
15000
13000
16000
18000
20000
22000
24000
26000
Page 44
Page 45
PIONEER RESEARCH STATION TRIAL RESULTS: SOUTH ISLAND
Pioneer Research Station (Ashburton)
- Trial 1
- Trial 3
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Days from planting to harvest:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
P7237
37.0
P7524
36.0
X80C888
41.6
X75F502
36.1
39V43
37.1
P7124
35.0
Average
37.1
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
P8150
40.1
P8805
34.7
P8201
38.0
P8451
36.0
39T45
36.0
Average
37.0
ASHBURTON
21/10/2015
5/04/2016
167
108 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
20.35
20.03
18.44
18.14
17.79
17.30
18.7
ASHBURTON
21/10/2015
14/04/2016
176
108 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
26.43
23.06
22.24
20.10
19.19
22.2
- Trial 2
- Trial 4
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
P8000
38.9
39G12
38.4
P7524
41.6
X80C888
47.7
P7923
43.6
P7500
41.5
P7859
38.7
Average
41.5
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
P8826
40.1
38V12
34.9
P8805
39.2
P9027
38.5
P9241
36.0
Average
37.7
ASHBURTON
21/10/2015
11/04/2016
173
108 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
25.44
22.19
21.84
21.60
21.47
21.09
20.29
22.0
ASHBURTON
21/10/2015
20/04/2016
182
108 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
22.98
22.86
22.26
21.62
20.81
22.1
HYBRIDS LISTED WITH A SEVEN DIGIT NAME STARTING WITH X (E.G. X80C888) ARE ALL EXPERIMENTAL PIONEER HYBRIDS WHICH ARE
STILL BEING TESTED
INDIVIDUAL FARMER TRIAL RESULTS: SOUTH ISLAND
Carey, Mark & Anne
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
P0021
41.7
P9400
44.9
P9721
43.3
P9241
46.0
P9911
36.5
Average
42.5
MOTUEKA
31/10/2015
4/04/2016
156
Yield
(tDM/ha)
27.71
25.56
25.44
25.06
24.33
25.6
Chapman, John
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
P7237
34.9
X75F502
37.8
P7124
37.1
P7524
37.2
X80C888
41.4
39V43
40.0
Average
38.1
ASHBURTON
3/11/2015
19/04/2016
168
80 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
21.56
18.91
18.82
18.67
17.92
17.38
18.9
Dobbs, Lionel & Janine
Five Star Beef Ltd - Trial 2
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
39G12
32.8
P7859
29.5
P7500
33.0
X80C888
31.9
P7923
33.7
P7524
36.2
P8000
30.8
Average
32.5
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
P7859
32.7
39G12
31.4
X80C888
40.7
P7500
34.3
P8000
35.8
P7524
35.1
P7923
32.4
Average
34.6
ORARI
1/10/2015
20/03/2016
171
78 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
22.70
22.59
21.56
20.69
20.66
20.54
20.05
21.3
WAKANUI
9/10/2015
5/04/2016
179
36 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
26.52
25.47
25.04
24.70
24.46
23.32
21.51
24.4
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
P7237
30.8
X75F502
34.1
P7124
30.0
P7524
33.0
X80C888
35.4
39V43
35.5
Average
33.1
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
39T45
36.0
38V12
31.8
P8826
35.0
P8201
39.2
P8805
34.4
P8150
41.1
P8451
34.7
Average
36.0
WAKANUI
9/10/2015
31/03/2016
174
36 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
24.86
23.60
21.78
21.67
18.62
18.38
21.5
WAKANUI
9/10/2015
11/04/2016
185
36 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
29.12
28.57
27.28
25.36
25.24
22.93
21.00
25.6
HYBRIDS LISTED WITH A SEVEN DIGIT NAME STARTING WITH X (E.G. X80C888) ARE ALL EXPERIMENTAL PIONEER HYBRIDS WHICH
ARE STILL BEING TESTED
Page 46
Page 47
Flintoft, Peter & Amanda
McCully, Barry - Trial 1
McManus, Murray
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
P8805
34.4
P9027
30.2
38V12
34.5
P9241
28.9
P8826
31.5
Average
31.9
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
X75F502
36.4
P7524
38.8
X80C888
35.3
P7124
30.1
P7500
35.2
Average
35.2
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
38V12
33.3
P8826
34.7
P8805
33.5
P9027
31.3
P9241
32.6
Average
33.1
WAIAU
22/10/2015
21/03/2016
151
195 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
21.79
21.22
20.65
19.96
18.00
20.3
Leadley, Paul
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
P9241
43.6
38V12
41.0
P8805
44.9
P8826
41.6
P9027
36.8
Average
41.6
ASHBURTON
18/10/2015
20/04/2016
185
44 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
27.66
27.38
24.74
23.29
22.67
25.1
TIMARU
21/10/2015
6/04/2016
168
Yield
(tDM/ha)
23.33
22.08
21.95
21.15
20.32
21.8
McCully, Barry - Trial 2
Molloy, Phil
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
P7859
30.9
P8000
31.9
P7923
34.9
P7524
40.4
X80C888
35.2
P7500
39.6
39G12
36.5
Average
35.6
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
P9027
35.7
P8826
38.2
P8805
32.6
P9241
36.1
38V12
36.2
Average
35.8
TIMARU
21/10/2015
11/04/2016
173
9 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
24.29
22.41
22.33
21.62
20.65
19.94
19.84
21.6
ASHBURTON
23/10/2015
20/04/2016
180
66 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
27.20
25.25
24.79
24.28
23.87
25.1
ASHBURTON
14/10/2015
6/04/2016
175
42 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
22.98
21.41
21.39
21.21
20.99
21.6
Morrison, Nigel
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
38V12
42.3
P9241
39.3
P9027
40.1
P8805
43.3
P8826
39.9
Average
41.0
LINKWATER
17/10/2015
19/03/2016
154
10 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
31.84
31.02
30.06
28.56
27.91
29.9
Sheppard, Dan - Trial 2
Stone, Murray - Trial 2
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
39T45
34.8
P8805
35.2
P8201
34.1
P8000
34.7
VP370
35.2
P8451
35.1
P8150
32.8
39G12
34.9
Average
34.6
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
38V12
35.3
P8826
37.4
P8805
36.5
P9027
35.6
P9241
32.3
Average
35.4
HINDS
25/10/2015
13/04/2016
171
106 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
21.61
20.99
20.57
19.62
19.58
19.41
19.18
19.07
20.0
CHRISTCHURCH
4/11/2015
14/04/2016
162
13 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
27.60
26.25
24.97
24.72
24.11
25.5
Sheppard, Dan - Trial 1
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
X80C888
33.2
P7524
33.1
P7859
32.0
P7923
33.4
P7500
30.1
Average
32.4
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
P7859
33.3
P8000
33.7
P7500
39.8
39G12
32.4
P7524
37.3
X80C888
36.5
Average
35.5
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
P8201
38.6
P8451
37.1
39T45
36.9
P8150
39.1
P8805
35.7
P7923
40.9
Average
38.1
HINDS
25/10/2015
6/04/2016
164
106 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
19.49
17.39
17.25
16.64
14.77
17.1
CHRISTCHURCH
4/11/2015
5/04/2016
153
13 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
25.73
25.60
24.38
24.27
22.32
22.23
24.1
CHRISTCHURCH
4/11/2015
14/04/2016
162
13 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
29.61
29.45
28.84
26.23
24.44
23.80
27.1
Page 48
Page 49
Van Leeuwen Dairy Group
(Aad Van Leeuwen)
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
P7859
30.3
39G12
32.8
P8000
28.8
P7923
33.1
Average
31.3
MORVEN
28/10/2015
19/04/2016
174
25 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
21.40
20.36
20.21
17.49
19.9
Von Ah, Marty & Nicky
Location:
Planting Date:
Harvest Date:
Trial Altitude:
Drymatter
Hybrid
(%)
P8000
33.3
39G12
31.4
P7859
30.2
P7524
36.0
P7923
33.3
X80C888
32.7
P7500
34.9
Average
33.1
HOKITIKA
10/11/2015
8/04/2016
150
39 metres
Yield
(tDM/ha)
21.45
18.40
18.35
18.11
16.48
14.91
13.92
17.4
THANK YOU TO THE 2015/2016
SOUTH ISLAND
TRIAL CO-OPERATORS
The results of the extensive research trial programme in this publication are only made possible with the
willing assistance and co-operation of both farmers and contractors. Special thanks to all those involved
with planting and harvesting silage and grain trials pictured and listed on the following pages.
Page 50
Page 51
Thank you
Thanks also goes to Wyvern Jones who participated in our trial
co-operator programme, whose photo was unavailable.
Page 52
Thank you
Page 53
Thank you

RIGHT PRODUCT RIGHT PADDOCK

Transcription

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