new production capacities in Serbia

Transcription

STRATEGIC AND DEVELOPMENT
PROJECTS OF THE ELECTRIC
POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA
PE “Electric Power Industry of Serbia”
Mission:
of the Electric Power Industry of
Serbia is to secure supply of all buyers
with electricity, under the most favorable market conditions, with constant quality improvement of services,
environmental improvements and
increase of public welfare.
Vision:
of the Electric Power Industry of
Serbia is to be a socially responsible
company, a market oriented and profitable company, competitive in the
European market and with the considerable influence within the region,
recognized as a reliable partner to domestic and international companies.
CONTENT
NEW PROJECTS
................
4
10
MODERNIZATIONS AND RECONSTRUCTIONS
................
34
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
................
42
ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION
................
46
RENEWABLES
................
50
Briefly About PE “Electric Power Industry of Serbia”..........
STRATEGIC AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS
3
Briefly About PE “Electric Power Industry of Serbia”
Public Enterprise “Electric Power Industry of Serbia”,
short – PE EPS (departments and independent sectors)
Organizational structure:
Vertically organized enterprise with 11 corporate enterprises (PE EPS and Corporate
Enterprises – hereinafter “Electric Power Industry of Serbia” – EPS) and with all energy
value chain elements, except transmission.
Basic activities:
Main activity of the Public Enterprise “Electric Power Industry of Serbia” is electricity
trade, and activities of electricity generation and distribution, distribution system management, coal processing and transport, steam and hot water production in combined
processes are performed in corporate enterprises.
Ownership structure:
Fully owned by the Republic of Serbia.
4
Installed capacities:
Public Enterprise “Electric Power Industry of Serbia” operates the power system with
the following capacities:
№.
Capacities
Unit
With capacities at
Kosovo and Metohija
1
Installed capacity of power
plants
MW
8,359
7,124
2
Annual coal production
000 t
-
37,195
3
Distribution network length km
-
151,061.8
4
Installed capacities of
MVA
transformers in distribution
companies
-
24,736.75
5
Number of consumers
-
3.5
Million
Without capacities at
Kosovo and Metohija
Starting from June 1999, PE “Electric Power Industry of Serbia” is not able to use and
operate its power and mining capacities at Kosovo and Metohija.
Business policy objectives
By respecting strategic documents of the Republic of Serbia energy development, together with recognition of already imitated activities, planned documents of the Electric
Power Industry of Serbia established basic objectives of business policy which should enable:
- Reliable electricity buyers supply under the most favorable economic conditions
- Economic – financial and technical – technological improvement of the company
- Modern organizational and management structure of the company
- EPS corporatization with the preservation of company integrity and gradual ownership transformation through the strategic partnership
- Opening of domestic, integration into the regional electricity market and establishment of influential position within the region
- Environmental protection improvements, in accordance with the national and EU
regulations
- Development activities oriented towards renewable energy resources.
5
INTENSIVE INVESTMENT CYCLE
Implementation of the PE EPS objectives depends on an entire group of factors, primarily
orientation and plans defined by the state as the owner, when it comes to EPS. Twenty-year
long development lag, especially in terms of construction of new generation capacities has
challenged the implementation of the PE EPS business policy. Since 2001, the highest investments were into TPPs and coal mines rehabilitation, which led to the improved system
performances. Achieved results indicate that it was correct strategic decision. Practice of
not investing into TPPs in future, would lead to much higher business risks for the company,
than not investing into the other activities.
PE EPS anticipated the intensive investment cycle implementation for the purpose of:
- Secure supply in conditions of expected electricity demand increase by 2025, for approximately 20%
- Higher efficiency and competitiveness increase
- Replacement of old, inefficient capacities at the end of their operation life
- Application and observation of environmental regulations.
NECESSARY INVESTMENTS
In order to maintain the achieved electricity generation level, EPS should provide EUR
260 million on average annually by 2015 from electricity sales income for overhauls and
ongoing maintenance and about EUR 514 million on average annually for investments (revitalization and modernization of capacities and replacement of the existing mined out open
cast mines by opening new mines).
Due to withdrawal of the oldest units from generation and increased electricity requirements, some EUR 620 million on average should be invested annually in cooperation with
strategic partners.
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PLANNED PROJECTS WITHIN THE EXISTING GENERATION CAPACITIES
Projects which need to be finalized in the forthcoming period for the purpose of the achieved
generation level:
a) within mining capacities
- Supply of the missing equipment and facilities necessary to reach coal production of
12 million tons annually at the Tamnava - West Field OCM;
- Supply of the equipment for compensation of coal generation part missing within
Kolubara MB at the Tamnava West Field OCM;
- Coal mining technology improvement project at the Kolubara MB for the purpose of
efficiency increase and environmental impact reduction;
- Supply of the equipment for the replacement capacities at the Field C, Field E
and Field G OCMs.
b) within thermal and hydro power capacities
- Revitalization of the Djerdap 1 HPP, the Bajina Bašta HPP, the Vlasinske HPPs, and the
Zvornik HPP;
- Finalization of revitalization of the units B1 and B2 at the Nikola Tesla TPP with capacity increase;
- Finalization of revitalization of the units B1 and B2 at the Kostolac TPP with possible
capacity increase;
- Construction of the fifth generator set at the Bajina Bašta HPP;
- Revitalization of the existing small HPPs
PLANNED CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS OF THE NEW GENERATION CAPACITIES
According to the current considerations, increased electricity needs by 2025 may be considerable extent by the new generation capacities construction – strategic projects:
- Construction completion of the Kolubara B TPP;
- Construction of the new units – at the Nikola Tesla B3 TPP and the Kostolac B3 TPP;
- Reconstruction of the existing natural gas fired CHPs through installation of gas turbines, reconstruction of the Novi Sad CHP;
- Opening project development of the Radljevo OCM;
- Construction of at least 5 HPPs on the Velika Morava River, 10 cascade HPPs on the
Ibar River, 4 HPPS on Gornja Drina, 3 HPPs on Srednja Drina, and PS HPPs Djerdap 3
and Bistrica
- Construction of the small HPPs and electricity generation from other renewable
energy sources.
7
PLANNED PROJECTS WITHIN
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
Special investment activity has been anticipated
in modernization of the complete distribution
system, including the following:
- Construction of the substations, as well as
overhead and cable lines all voltage levels,
in order to meet growing electricity needs,
and to improve voltage conditions and supplied electricity quality.
- Revitalization, reconstruction or replacement of the existing outdated equipment;
- Reconstruction of the existing low voltage
levels (35, 20, 10 и 0.4 kV), which is in accordance with the local electricity demand
increase and also with increase of supply
quality;
- Improvement i.e. technological modernization of metering equipment of buyers in
order to establish SMART GRID concept;
- Development and procurement of all
necessary equipment and modern software
tools for automation and facilities management within distribution companies;
- Modernization of the electricity collection
system, telecommunication system, and
other…
8
PLANNED PROJECTS WITHIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AND IMPROVEMENT
Under the set of environmental laws, which came into force in December 2004, PE EPS is
obligated to align the operation of its facilities with the provisions of these Laws by 2015.
This means that state-of-the-art protection measures will have to be applied under national
regulations harmonized with EU regulations, for the facilities and facilities undergoing revitalization. This implies the following:
- For new and thermal power facilities undergoing revitalization – high-efficiency flue
gas desulphurization plants and electrostatic precipitators will have to be installed,
nitrogen-oxides reduction measures have to be applied, waste water treatment plants
will have to be installed, new environmentally friendly ash and slag handling solutions
will have to be introduced, etc;
- For coal mines - reclamation activities of overburden dumps will have to be reactivated by introducing new methods, including selective mining and disposal of top soil;
- For hydropower plants – protection measures of reservoirs and riparian areas anticipated by projects will have to be implemented;
- Efforts should be made to use waste materials to the highest possible extent, such
as ash, clay, gravel, sand, oils, rubber, etc, created in EPS activities, as secondary raw
materials;
- Operational application of flexible Kyoto Protocol mechanisms, usage of Clean Development Mechanism possibilities and development of GHG trading.
9
NEW PROJECTS
10
In order to consider possibilities for long-term development of
thermal capacities of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia, activities
have been planned on preparation for the construction of new thermal power units on existing or new locations. Coal reserves available
in Serbia at the Kolubara and Kostolac Mining Basins present the basis for long-term plans related to thermal power plant construction.
Plans of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia for the forthcoming
period include activities on the Kolubara B TPP construction continuation (2x350 MW) and the third unit at the location of the Nikola Tesla
B (700 MW)TPP, supplied with coal from the Kolubara MB. Investment
analysis for the new thermal power plant construction is developed,
that is unit 3 in the Kostolac B TPP, capacity 350 MW, which would
be supplied with coal from the Drmno OCM. Besides, construction
project of the new gas unit at the location of the Novi Sad CHP is
planned, with capacity about 450 MW.
PE EPS is implementing the activities on analysis of different scenarios and optimization of Drina System development. It is also preparing investment-technical documents for the construction of the
new hydro capacities on the Gornja Drina River and Sutjeska through
strategic partnership with MH Elektroprivreda Republike Srpske and
its corporate enterprise Hidroelektrane on Drina River. Design documents completion is in progress for the construction of 10 small
HPPs on the Ibar River, total capacity about 105 MW, and activities
on project development of the system of at least 5 HPPs on the Velika
Morava River, capacity about 150 MW, are continued.
11
NEW PROJECTS
Construction completion
of the Kolubara B TPP (2x350 MW)
The Kolubara B TPP is located in the vicinity of the Kalenic village, 60 km south-west from
Belgrade, at the northern side of the Tamnava Open Cast Mine.
Decision on construction of the Kolubara B CHP, capacity 2x350 MW, was adopted in
1983. It was designed as the facility for combined generation of electricity and heat with the
intention of heat delivery to Belgrade for its district heating system.
Preparation activities have been started in 1988 by execution of construction works,
while the construction continued in accordance with available funds. Procurement of the
third part of the basic equipment was contracted and mostly delivered. Initiated activities
on project implementation and usage of the World Bank loan have progressed very slowly,
and in the middle of 1992 due to decision of the Government and lack of funding activities
were completely suspended.
By 1992, when works were suspended due to sanctions, about 40% of the facility was
constructed at the site. After that, only the most essential activities have been done. As a
result of the changed concept of heat supply to Belgrade, operational regime was changed,
i.e. the facility will operate in condensation regime.
In the second half of the nineties the issue of construction continuation was opened
again, but without major progress. In the beginning of 2000 the issue of construction continuation became topical again, summary of previous investments has been made, together
with construction continuation feasibility assessment, when it was concluded that there are
technical-technological solutions guaranteeing modern operating parameters in the rank
of modern thermal power units.
Basic parameters of the Kolubara B TPP
12
Unit capacity
350 МW
Number of units
2
Boiler
Combustion Engineering, flow-through with
subcritical steam parameters
Turbine
Condensation, triple-housing with additional
steam reheating and regenerative heating of
feed water and condensate
Basic fuel
Lignite from the Kolubara MB; 6,700 kJ/kg
Unit efficiency ratio (net)
≥37 %
PROJECT VALUE
The study which established that more than EUR 300 million has been invested so far in
the construction of the Kolubara B TPP was developed in 2004, with the assessment that
about EUR 550 million still need to be provided for the construction completion. Performed
analysis for the construction of new generation capacities firing Kolubara lignite indicate
implementation feasibility of the Kolubara B TPP construction.
IMPLEMENTATION MANNER
Strategic partnership
PLANNED CONSTRUCTION
BEGINNING
2013
CONSTRUCTION DURATION
4 – 5 years
13
NEW PROJECTS
Nikola Tesla B3 TPP – new unit
The Nikola Tesla B TPP is located on the right bank of the Sava River, about 60 km upstream
from Belgrade at the Vorbis location near Obrenovac. Electricity generation in thermal power
plants is based on lignite coming from the Kolubara MB OCMs. The first construction phase
was implemented by 1985 with total capacity 2x620 MW (the Nikola Tesla B TPP).
For the purpose of further development and construction of thermal units at this location, it became necessary to analyze possibilities and feasibility of construction continuation
on existing Vorbis location, through the construction of state-of-the-art unit of total capacity 700 MW with observation of all environmental protection measures.
The first construction phase was implemented by 1985, including two units with capacity
620 MW (the Nikola Tesla B TPP) and designed technical documents anticipated two more
units of the same capacity on this location. During the first construction phase of the Nikola
Tesla B TPP, particular facilities were designed and constructed anticipated for the needs of
the second construction phase.
The new unit B3 construction, with capacity about 700 MW would implement the second
construction phase.
Exact location of the new unit at this location was based on the requirement for high
functionality of technological process, with observation of the basic assumptions:
- New unit B3 will be constructed in continuation of existing units B1 and B2
- Installed capacity of this unit will be about 700 MW
- There will be no further construction on this location
- New unit will be fitted in architectural, construction and technological terms into
the existing layout, in accordance with the available area, taking into account facilities
executed within phase one of the construction, as well as the area for the location of
the environmental capacities.
Basic parameters of the Nikola Tesla B3 TPP
14
Unit capacity
~ 744 МW
Number of units
1
Boiler Котао
With supercritical steam parameters
Turbine
Condensation, with additional steam reheating and
regenerative heating of feed water and condensate
Basic fuel
Lignite from the Kolubara MB; 6,700 kJ/kg
≥ 40 %
PROJECT VALUE
Investment- technical documents for the construction of unit B3 at the Nikola Tesla TPP
analyzed the construction of unit with the capacity of 744 MW, with net efficiency ratio of
approximately 40%. Basic investment is at the level of EUR 870 million. Performed analyses
indicate that this investment is feasible i.e. that all profitability parameters of the facility are
positive.
Strategic partnership
PLANNED CONSTRUCTION BEGINNING
2014
4-5 years
15
NEW PROJECTS
Novi Sad CHP
Existing the Novi Sad CHP in cogeneration operation regime generates
electricity and heat for the heating
of Novi Sad, as well as technological
steam for the needs of Oil Refinery. The
first construction phase was finalized in
1981 and the second in 1984. This facility has been used in previous years during the coldest winter months for Novi
Sad heating, as well as for the coverage
of the Republic power system needs.
Modest efficiency level of existing
cogeneration facility, without steam reheating, as well as high gas and fuel oil price have caused very restricted utilization of available installed capacity and thereby low generation and income. Namely, due to insufficient
engagement and high fixed costs, electricity prices considerably exceed the price of kilowatt-hour from thermal power plants firing domestic lignite. High unit price of electricity,
under the current operation mode and relation with the city district heating system, makes
electricity generation at the Novi Sad CHP economically unsustainable in the long term.
However, it should be taken into consideration that Novi Sad CHP is also an irreplaceable
basic heat source of Novi Sad district heating system, supplying more than 60,000 households and other consumers. Considering the above-mentioned multiple role of the Novi Sad
CHP, it became necessary to find a new business model enabling its economically feasible
operation and fulfillment of PE EPS business interest in electricity and heat generation for
long-term supply of district heating system under the price lower than the one generated in
boiler plants of Novi Sad heating plant.
By considering a series of possible reconstruction variants of existing Novi Sad CHP into
gas–steam facility, with the utilization of existing equipment and comparison with the construction of the new gas–steam unit with the utilization of the existing location and infrastructure, it was concluded that the construction of the new cogeneration high capacity and
efficiency gas–steam unit possesses the highest cost-effectiveness level.
Key reasons for project implementation of the new gas-steam unit at the Novi Sad CHP
include the following:
- High efficiency level of imported natural gas in the cogeneration process of electricity and heat, as well as in the condensation operation regime;
- Relatively low investment and capital costs compared to power facilities using other
fossil fuels (coal, masut);
- Possibility of rational utilization of existing infrastructure at the location;
- Short construction period of the new plant (up to 3 years) in accordance with the
fulfillment of growing power system needs;
- Exceptionally low fixed operation costs of modern gas-steam plants;
- Fulfillment of the strictest environmental standards (considerably higher carbon-dioxide emission compared to other fossil fuels, etc).
16
Economically most favorable results would be achieved through the construction of
modern high-efficiency gas-steam facility with the total capacity above 400 MW el, and high
efficiency level in electricity generation of over 58%, with possible heat generation of 300
MW t with minimum electric power reduction factor in the combined operation regime and
total heat efficiency of over 82%. Basic indicators of the considered facility to be installed in
continuation of existing turbine hall are provided in the table below.
Basic parameters of the Novi Sad CHP
Nominal electrical gross unit capacity
478 MW
(448- 492) MW
Heat load of steam turbine extraction
300 MWt
Nominal electrical power of gas turbine under ISO conditions (0
mASL, 60% of relative humidity and air temperature of 15°C)
322 MW
Nominal steam turbine capacity with collection
155 MW
Gas turbine efficiency level
39.5%
Total efficiency level of facilities in condensation operation regime
approximately 58%
Total thermo dynamic efficiency level of the facility
higher than 82%
PROJECT VALUE
Investment value of this project, depending on final facility configuration and the usage
level of existing infrastructure on the current location, would reach EUR 280 million, providing the level of specific investments of 550 EUR /kWh.
PROJECT STATUS
Retention of the cogeneration concept of electricity and heat in the context of investment capital attraction requires the formation of an institutional framework for long-term
public interest protection in the field of energy supply, with simultaneous protection of future investor interests under the Novi Sad CHP reconstruction project. This may be achieved
through the joint interest of EPS and the City of Novi Sad, i.e. formation of a joint company
Energija Novi Sad. By recognizing this concept, support of the Serbian Government was
obtained and agreement achieved with administration of Novi Sad, whereby initial assumptions have been created for intensive project development, i.e. selection of the strategic
partner with whom this project would be implemented.
It is expected that strategic partner will be
elected through transparent tender procedure by the end of 2011.
2012
2-3 years
17
NEW PROJECTS
Kostolac B3 TPP – new unit
The Kostolac B3 TPP is located at the right bank of the Mlava River, in the Drmno village
area, near Kostolac. Electricity generation in thermal power plant is based on lignite coming
from open cast mines of the Kostolac Mining Basin. By 1992, the first construction phase of
the units B1 and B2 is implemented, with total capacity 2x348.5 MW (The Kostolac B TPP).
For the purpose of further development and construction of thermal units at this location, it became necessary to analyze possibilities and feasibility of construction continuation, through the construction of state-of-the-art unit of total capacity ca. 350 MW, with
technical–technological solutions of units of this capacity level, purpose and fuel type, and
observation of all environmental measures.
In the period by 1991 the first construction phase was executed and it includes two units
with total installed capacity of 697 MW, i.e. including two units of 348.5 MW, and two more
units of the same power are anticipated to be constructed at the same location by the design documents. During the first construction phase of the Kostolac B TPP some joint facilities and structures are constructed for the needs of the second phase of construction.
The second phase of construction would be implemented by the new unit B3 construction, with capacity of approximately 350 MW.
Exact location of the new unit at this location was based on the requirement for high
functionality of technological process, with observation of the basic assumptions:
- New unit B3 will be constructed in continuation of existing units B1 and B2
- Installed capacity of this unit will be about 350 MW
- There will be no further construction on this location
- New unit will be fitted in architectural, construction and technological terms into
the existing layout, in accordance with the available area, taking into account facilities
executed within phase one of the construction, as well as the area for the location of
the environmental capacities.
18
Basic parameters for the Kostolac B3 TPP
Unit capacity
350 МW
Number of units
1
Boiler
Supercritical steam parameters
Boiler capacity
1130 t/h
Fresh steam pressure
254 bar
Fresh steam temperature
571 0C
Temperature of additionally reheated steam
569 0C
Additionally reheated steam pressure
43 bar
Turbine
Condensation, with additional steam
reheating and regenerative heating of
feed water and condensate
Basic fuel
Lignite from the Kostolac Mining Basin,
7,800 kJ/kg
≥ 40 %
PROJECT VALUE
Investment–technical documents for the construction of unit B3 at the Kostolac TPP analyzed the construction of unit with the capacity of 350 MW, with net efficiency ratio of nearly
40%. Basic investment is at the level of EUR 600 million. Executed analyses indicate that this
investment is feasible, i.e. that all profitability parameters of the facility are positive.
PROJECT STATUS
It is predicted that this project will be implemented by the PE EPS, by providing of foreign
credit funds.
(own funds / loan)
2015
4-5 years
19
NEW PROJECTS
HPPs Upper Drina
The Drina River represents the most important unused hydro potential within the region.
Catchment area of River Drina is 19,570 km2, while average precipitation is 1,100 mm. It
is characterized by extremely uneven water table: ratio of minimum and maximum flows
reached 200 m3/s. Average annual flow at the spring is 157 m3/s and at the confluence
425 m3/s.
The Bajina Bašta HPP and PSHPP, the Višegrad HPP and the Zvornik HPP are constructed
on the Drina River, by which about 130 m of head, or less than 40% is used.
Unused potential of the Drina River may includes Upper Drina – part of the unused potential upstream from the Višegrad HPP; Middle Drina – potential between the Bajina Bašta
HPP and the Zvornik HPP, and Lower Drina – potential downstream from the Zvornik HPP.
According to the results of the Conceptual Solution and prefeasibility study related to
utilization of Upper Drina and Sutjeska hydropower potential at the territory of the Republic
of Srpska, hydro potential of Upper Drina catchment area may be used through four hydropower facilities: three dam cascades on Drina (Buk Bijela, Foča and Paunci) and reservoir–derivational the Sutjeska HPP on the river bearing the same name.
Overview of partition profiles on Upper Drina and Sutjeska River
Basic technical parameters of hydropower facilities on Upper Drina are provided in the
following table:
HPP
Qi (m3/s)
Vkor (hm3)
Ni (MW)
Esr (GWh/g)
Buk Bijela
450.0
12.8
114.6
369.4
Foča
450.0
2.7
51.7
183.6
Paunci
450.0
2.9
36.6
154.1
Sutjeska
52.0
36.0
35.0
90.2
54.4
237.9
797.3
TOTAL
20
PROJECT VALUE
According to the above investment-technical documents developed in 2008, investment
value of all four hydropower plants has been estimated at EUR 435 million.
PROJECT STATUS
Considering the developed documents, it is certain that implementation activities should
be continued for hydropower facilities on the Upper Drina. Technical documents development and also development of conceptual designs with feasibility studies for all 4 predicted
hydro power facilities is in progress.
In cooperation with the Electric Power Industry of Republic of Srpska, PE EPS signed
with RWE Company Memorandum on Cooperation, which includes implementation of this
project. It is expected from the Republic of Srpska to implement the procedure on selection
of its partner.
2013
PROJECT FINALISATION
Successively, starting from 2019 to 2022
21
NEW PROJECTS
HPPs on Middle Drina
The middle course of the Drina River, between the existing Bajina Bašta HPP and Zvornik
HPP, is also attractive in energy terms. For this reason, HPPs on the Middle Drina are included
in the spatial planning documentation of the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Srpska,
i.e. Bosnia and Herzegovina. The area is all the more important owing to the existing upstream reservoirs in the Drina catchment (HPP and PSHPP Bajina Bašta, Višegrad HPP, Piva
HPP, Drinsko-Limske HPPs) and the planned reservoirs on the Lim and the Upper Drina in
near future.
Owing to the spatial planning aspect of this portion of the Drina River with its littoral area,
in particular the land development level, it is necessary to plan and technically elaborate
cascade HPPs to utilize this renewable energy source, with due attention to protecting the
littoral area, already being used for other purposes, such as housing, industrial and tourism
facilities and farming.
The Outline Design and Pre-feasibility Study for hydro-power plants on the Middle Drina
are being reviewed and adopted; as part of this, several options have been considered, aiming to make the best use of the hydro-potentials, taking due account of the conditions required for the operation of other assets located within the area affected by them.
According to the findings of the Outline Design and Pre-feasibility Study, the hydro-potential of the Middle Drina may be used to optimum benefit by building three impoundment hydro-power plants. Of the total head of 63 metres, 60 m would thus be used.
The main technical parameters of the HPPs on the Middle Drina are presented in the following table:
HPP
Qi (m3/s)
Ni (MW)
Esr (GWh/g)
Rogačica
800.0
87.0
335.0
Tegare
800.0
121.0
448.0
Dubravica
800.0
113.0
413.0
321.0
1,197.0
TOTAL
PROJECT VALUE
According to the abovementioned technical documentation, prepared in 2010, the investment costs of the proposed three hydro-power plants are estimated at EUR 819 million.
In cooperation with Electric Power Industry of the Republic of Srpska, PE EPS
signed the agreement with company SECI
on joint development of this project, and
based on the international agreement
with Italy.
Strategic partnership/loan
2014
Successively, from 2020 to 2023
22
PSHPP Bistrica
Among the most attractive new hydro-power facilities is certainly the new 680 MW
pumped-storage Bistrica hydro-power plant, in the vicinity of the existing Bistrica HPP. The
upper reservoir of the Bistrica PSHPP is the newly designed reservoir of Klak on the Uvac
River, immediately downstream from the Radojnja reservoir, with an energy storage capacity of about 60 GWh, while the lower reservoir is the existing reservoir of the Potpeć HPP. The
importance and role of the Bistrica PSHPP are particularly prominent on the regional energy
market, in particular owing to the existence of upstream storage reservoirs on the Uvac river
(Kokin Brod and Uvac), whose regulated water could be used for peak operation, together
with the existing Bistrica HPP, with installed capacity of 104 MW.
The main characteristics of the Bistrica PSHPP are as follows:
Power plant type
Pumped storage
Normal backwater elevation
812 mnm
Live storage
80х106 m3
Tail water elevation
430 mnm
Type and number of units
single-stage pump-turbine x 4
Discharge per unit
42/54 m3/s
Pump head/hydraulic head
397/381 m
Nominal motor-generator capacity
180/180 MVA
Installed capacity
680 MW
cos φ
1.0 / 0.95
PROJECT VALUE
From 1973 to 1980, project documentation was prepared and exploratory works carried
out. The main design for the construction of the Klak dam was prepared. According to the
feasibility analysis, the total investment is worth EUR 553 million, i.e. 813,000 EUR/MW.
IMPLEMENTATION
MANNER
Own funds/loan
PLANNED CONSTRUCTION
BEGINNING
2015
2020
23
NEW PROJECTS
HPPs on the Ibar River
The technical documentation developed to date and endorsed by the adopted planning
instruments of the Republic of Serbia identifies the possibility of utilizing the hydro-potential of the Ibar River between the towns of Raška and Kraljevo by means of a series of 10 cascade impoundment hydro-power plants. The river valley morphology and its use for other
infrastructural facilities, in particular the railway, could not be overlooked in identifying the
modality of using this hydro-potential.
In 2010, the General Design and Pre-feasibility Study were developed for utilizing the hydro-potential of the Ibar between Raška and Kraljevo; the resulting solution was 10 cascade
impoundment HPPs. The next stage in developing technical documentation is in progress
– the Conceptual Design is being prepared; this includes carrying out the associated on-site
exploratory works.
The main technical parameters of the HPPs on the Ibar River, based on the General Design, are presented in the following table:
HPP
Qi (m3/s)
Ni (MW)
Esr (GWh/g)
Bojanići
100.0
9.7
34.5
Gokčanica
100.0
10.3
37.0
Ušće
100.0
8.5
31.0
Glavica
100.0
9.8
40.8
Cerje
100.0
10.5
43.7
Gradina
100.0
10.8
45.0
Bela Glava
100.0
9.9
42.4
Dobre Strane
100.0
10.5
45.0
Maglić
100.0
12.0
50.8
Lakat
100.0
11.0
48.4
TOTAL
100.0
103.0
418.6
Elaboration within the Conceptual Design indicates the possibility of increasing the installed capacity of these HPPs, which would result in more efficient utilization of the potential.
Variant 1
System of 10 run-of-river HPP
(with partial flooding of roads)
24
PROJECT VALUE
According to the abovementioned General Design of 2010, the investment cost of these
10 HPPs totals EUR 284 million.
PROJECT STATUS
Development of Preliminary Design with Feasibility Study is in progress.
With Italian company SECI through formed joint company
2013
Successively, from 2016 to 2021
25
NEW PROJECTS
HPPs on the Velika Morava River
The Velika Morava River, with a catchment area of over 37,000 km2, has an average flow
rate of over 230 m3/s. Its course is about 182 km in length, with an elevation difference of
62 meters. On about 20 km of its course, downstream from the Ljubičevo Bridge, the river
is under the Djerdap HPP 1 backwater, i.e. the 5 m head downstream from that point has
already been utilized for hydropower purposes.
According to the Serbian planning documentation, the Velika Morava valley is an area
of intensive development, featuring major road and rail routes, a gas pipeline, many communities, large areas of farm land, the Kostolac coal mining basin and other economic structures.
All this indicates the complexity of utilizing the hydro-potential of the Velika Morava,
which has been studied on several occasions over the past decades without a single hydropower facility built as a result.
Explorations and designing activities to date indicate that the water of the Velika Morava
could be used for energy generation purposes by building several cascade impoundment
HPPs. In 2010, the General Design of HPPs on the Velika Morava was prepared as part of efforts towards integrated management of the available water of Velika Morava, and the main
technical parameters of the HPPs are presented in the following table:
HPP
Ni (MW)
Esr (GWh/g)
Varvarin
28.9
122.9
Mijatovac
30.1
129.4
Svilajnac
28.8
128.0
Trnovče
29.3
128.1
Ljubičevo
30.6
137.1
TOTAL
147.7
645.5
26
PROJECT VALUE
According to the aforementioned technical documentation, the investment cost of these
five cascade HPPs is estimated at EUR 352 million. The construction duration for the Velika
Morava HPP system is estimated at five years.
PROJECT STATUS
Pre-feasibility study with Preliminary Design is completed. Therefore, the development
of technical documentation will proceed to subsequent, more elaborate stages, with more
detailed inputs and bases, appropriate to document level.
With German company RWE through formed joint company
2014
Successively, from 2017 to 2020.
27
NEW PROJECTS
PSHPP Djerdap 3
The main concept of building of the Djerdap 3 PSHPP is based on using the existing
Djerdap 1 HPP reservoir as the lower reservoir and establishing the upper reservoirs in the
Pesača river valley (construction phases I and II) and the Brodica river valley (construction
phases III and IV). The facility would have a head of about 400 m, and the selected location
for the Pesača impoundment and the PSHPP powerhouse on the right bank of the Danube
River enables a relatively short headrace (∑L/H = 6.8), making this PSHPP an economically
advantageous solution.
In view of negligible natural inflow of water into the upper reservoirs, all energy is obtained by using water pumped from the lower reservoir, and the facility’s cost-effectiveness
is based on the peak and base energy price difference. Prominent features include favorable morphological, topographic and geological conditions for establishing the upper reservoirs, whose total live capacity will be about 578 hm3 (Pesača reservoir – 32.5 hm3, Brodica
reservoir – 545 hm3).
The Conceptual Design, prepared in 1973, foresees construction in stages, as follows:
Phase I: Building the Pesača dam, with live capacity of 18.5 hm3, 1,915 m headrace,
surge tank, 664 m steel pipeline and powerhouse with two units (pump turbines), and
installed capacity of 2 x 300 MW = 600 MW.
Phase II: Extending the Pesača dam by 20 m in height to provide an additional capacity of 14.0 hm3 and building two additional generation units and penstocks with the
same properties as those from Phase I.
Phase III: entails building another set of penstocks with two units and extension of
the Pesaca reservoir by an additional 37.5 hm3 of live storage capacity; an alternative
solution that was considered would entail building the Brodica dam, with reservoir
capacity of about 545 hm3, thus providing the possibility of proceeding with Phase IV,
i.e. building an additional 600 MW of generation capacity. The reservoirs of Pesača and
Brodica would operate according to the communicating vessels principle and would
be linked by an 8 km communicating tunnel. The energy storage capacity of these
reservoirs would total about 460 GWh and would have seasonal relevance.
The 1973 documentation specified Phases I and II, while PSHPP Djerdap 3 with the Brodica dam was specified in 1990 at the level of outline design (general design).
28
Djerdap 3 PSHPP
Hydraulic Schema
PROJECT STATUS
In the feasibility analysis carried out in 2010, the investment costs of the technical solution proposed in the Conceptual Design were updated and the figure amounted to about
EUR 400 million. Construction works would last four years.
Strategic partnership / loan
2015
2020
29
NEW PROJECTS
Strategic and development projects of the PE EPS anticipate the construction of new
thermal capacities, which require necessary coal amounts, as well as initiation of activities
for the development of new projects related with open cast mines.
Radljevo OCM
Radljevo Open cast mine is located in the western part of the Kolubara Mining Basin directly along the western border with Tamnava– West Field OCM. Coal mining on this open
cast mine will unfold in extremely stratified operating environment, which has not been
treated in our open cast mines. Selective operation regime with the new equipment will
be present at the Radljevo OCM. Therefore, defining of equipment capacity parameters will
represent a key moment in cost-effectiveness of this production. Considering the above, the
Radljevo OCM will in future be a secure fuel supplier both of the existing and new thermal
units.
Basic parameters of the Radljevo OCM
Coal type
lignite
Mining reserves
341.4 mill.t
Calorific value
6,306 - 7,728МЈ/t
Average calorific value
6,955МЈ/t
Ash content
16.18%
Humidity
49.50%
Annual production
13 mill.t
Stripping ratio
2.98
Total thickness of coal seam (6 seams) with dirt bands
60m
Basic excavation machinery
continuous
Operation life for the capacity of 13 million tons of coal annually
35 years
PROJECT VALUE
In the period from 1962 to 2004 in the area of the Radljevo OCM, some 359 boreholes
have been tested, together with the development of the study on reserves. During 2008
the study related to the selection of boundaries and opening with comparative overview
of technical–economical aspect of coal mining was done for the selection of priority coal
supplier of the Kolubara B TPP. According to the prefeasibility study, estimated investment
value for achievement of full capacity of 13 million tons annual at the Radljevo OCM is EUR
595 million.
PROJECT STATUS
Considering that prefeasibility study has been
adopted, further necessary documents should be developed as soon as possible for opening of this open
cast mine. This is primarily the preliminary design
with the feasibility study which will provide a more
precise assessment of necessary funds for the Radljevo OCM opening.
Strategic partnership / loan
Construction beginning is possible to be from
2012 or in accordance with construction dynamics of
new thermal capacities.
CONSTRUCTION DURATION TO THE FULL CAPACITY
3–4 years
30
Field E OCM
Field E Open cast mine was designed as the replacement capacity of the Field D open
cast mine, currently producing 14 million tons of coal and supplying thermal power plants
at Obrenovac.
Field E OCM is located in the eastern part of the Kolubara Mining Basin to the south of the
Field D OCM. Coal mining on this open cast mine will unfold in complex conditions on 10
benches, of which nine contain mixed coal (coal and overburden). The deposit is bent and
of syncline character, with floor elevations reaching up to -180 m and the dump site exceeding the height of +200 m. Major part of equipment to be used will be revitalized equipment
coming from Field D OCM and Field B OCM adapted to operation in new conditions.
Basic parameters of the Field E OCM
Coal type
lignite
Mining reserves
331 mill.t
Calorific value
7,087- 8,975 МЈ/t
Average calorific value
8,400 МЈ/t
Ash content
13.38 %
Humidity
48.20 %
Annual production
12 mill.t
Stripping ratio
3.42
Total thickness of coal seam (average)
33.6 m
Basic excavation machinery
continuous
Operation life for the capacity of 13 million tons of coal annually
43 years
PROJECT VALUE
Investigation level of the Field E OCM is in the phase of basic and detailed geological
investigations with 219 exploratory boreholes. Based on adopted Preliminary Design with
the Feasibility Study of opening and construction of the Field E OCM from September 2008
assessed value of investments until the design capacity of 12 million tons of coal annually
amounts to EUR 532 million.
PROJECT STATUS
Expert Council of EPS has in 2005 adopted the
Study ‘Selection of Boundaries and Opening of Field E
Open Cast Mine’. This study served as the basis for the
development of the Conceptual Programme with the
Feasibility Study of Opening and Construction. After
adoption of this document by the Expert Council of
EPS in September 2008, conditions were met for the
start of implementation on of this project.
Loan / own funds
2010
CONSTRUCTION DURATION TO THE FULL CAPACITY
5 – 6 years
31
NEW PROJECTS
ENVIRONMENT IMPROVEMENT AT THE KOLUBARA MB
The Electric Power Industry of Serbia is developing Environmental Improvement Project
at the Kolubara Mining Basin. This project will provide uniform coal quality which is being
mined at the Kolubara MB, and at the same time its usage will enable to the TPPs of EPS operation efficiency increase. EBRD and KfW are considering the approval of the loan amounting to EUR 140 million for this project implementation.
The loan will be used for the following procurement:
- Coal Quality Management System at the western part of the Kolubara MB. This new
equipment will improve coal mining efficiency and it will significantly improve uniformity of coal quality which is supplied to the thermal power plants;
- ECS System (excavator, conveyor and spreader system) for the new Field C Open Cast
Mine at the eastern part of the Kolubara MB;
- Interburden spreader for the Tamnava West Field OCM.
PROJECT VALUE
- Coal Quality Management System at the western part of the Kolubara MB – EUR 40
million;
- ECS System (excavator, conveyor and spreader system) for the new Field C Open Cast
Mine at the eastern part of the Kolubara MB – EUR 80 million;
- Interburden spreader for the Tamnava West Field OCM – EUR 20 million.
32
PROJECT STATUS
The project is the part of A Category, based on internal EBRD categorization. Therefore,
it is necessary to develop the following documents: Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA), Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) and Non technical Summary (NTS). All
these documents, according to the rules prescribed by EBRD, are developed by the Consultant Firm – ARUP. It is expected that the loan will be approved, and final banks decision will
be made in summer 2011.
Loan
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION BEGINNING
2011
ACTIVITIES DURATION BY THE PROJECT FINALISTAION
4–5 years
33
MODERNIZATIONS AND
RECONSTRUCTIONS
34
Nikola Tesla B TPPs (B1 and B2)
The Nikola Tesla B TPP is located on the right bank of the Sava River, about 50 km upstream from Belgrade. It includes two units with gross installed capacity of 618.5 MW. Unit
B1 is commissioned in 1983, and B2 in 1985. Electricity generation in thermal power plants
is based on lignite coming from the Kolubara MB OCMs, value of 6.700 kJ/kg.
This TPP presents significant electricity producer within EPS power system. Units are designed for base load operation of the power system and reach annual capacity generation
of 8.3 bill. KWh.
Basic characteristics of units B1 and B2
Nominal capacity
618.5 MW
Output capacity
580 MW
Fresh steam pressure at the boiler outlet
186.5 bara
Stem superheated and reheated temperature
540 0С
Reheated stem pressure at the boiler outlet
39.2 bar
Specific net consumption
9,685 kЈ/kW
Turbine manufacturer
BB Switzerland and ALSTOM, France
Boiler manufacturer
Rafako, Sulcer
Generator set manufacturer
BBC Switzerland
In the respect of the new thermal capacities construction and their commissioning, PE
EPS considered possibility of units capacity increase within the Nikola Tesla B TPP, in order
to reduce electricity deficiency impact. Analysis (ECORAM) has been developed, by which
measures and possibilities for capacity increase at the unit B2 are identified. This document
present base line for development of Preliminary Design, analyzing systems which have direct impact on the unit capacity increase.
Feasibility Study with the Preliminary Design, besides proposed measures for unit capacity increase, also analyzes economic feasibility of the observed technical-technological
solution within existing unit borders. This project anticipates bringing of all units and equipment into designed parameters with special measures and requirements for the unit capacity increase, and implementation of the environmental protection system within the legal
regulation.
Predicted measures are providing unit capacity increase for about 47 MW.
Here is about two units with the same capacity, that is why the same technical-technological solution will be used, where eventual technical deficiencies from the unit B2 will be
considered.
PROJECT VALUE
Estimated value of the necessary investments for the reconstruction of the unit B2 for the
purpose of nominal capacity increase is about EUR 22.7 million, which, at the same time,
presents the investment level for the unit B1.
PROJECT STATUS
Necessary measures for capacity increase on the unit B2 are planned to be implemented
during unit annual overhaul by 2012.
Reconstruction activities of the unit B1 would be implemented in period 2012 – 2014
during annual overhauls. Development of Preliminary Design with Feasibility Study will be
completed in 2011.
Construction of flue gas desulphurization on both units B1 and B2 is anticipated by
2017.
35
Kostolac B TPP (B1 and B2)
The Kostolac TPP is located at the right bank of the Danube River, in vicinity of Kostolac,
and it presents significant electricity generator within the power system of the Republic of
Serbia. The Kostolac TPP is supplied with the lignite as its basic fuel –from the Drmno Open
Cast Mine which is located west of the TPP about 1 km.
The TPP includes two units with total installed capacity of 348.5 MW each. Unit B1 is commissioned in 1988, and unit B2, in 1992. Units are designed for base load operation of the
power system and reach annual generation of 3. 5 bill.KWh
The vicinity of the Danube River enables an application of the open condensate cooling
system type.
Basic unit data
Installed capacity (gross)
697 MW
Output capacity
640 MW
Nominal steam generation
1,000 t/h
Superheated steam pressure
186 bar
Stem superheated and reheated temperature
540 0C
Reheated stem pressure
43.7 barа
Specific consumption (net)
11,514 (kЈ/kWh)
Turbine manufacturer
Zamech, Poland
Boiler manufacturer
SES, Slovakia
Generator set manufacturer
ABB, Poland
Both units B1 and B2 of the Kostolac TPP until now, did not reach designed capacity, and
from the mining beginning they operated with 15-20% less capacity than designed.
The Feasibility Study with Preliminary Design with proposal of necessary measures for
the capacity increase to the designed capacity, with energy efficiency increase is developed
with fulfillment of the legal regulations from the field of environmental protection.
By application of the proposed activities on the units, their operational life will be extended for the further 15 years.
PROJECT VALUE
Estimated value of the necessary investments is about EUR 103 mill.
per unit.
PROJECT STATUS
Necessary activities and measures for the capacity increase of the
unit B1 would be executed during the annual overhauls. The activities
are planned to be implemented in the period 2010-2012.
Activities on reconstruction of the unit B1 would be executed in the
period 2013-2015 during the annual overhauls.
On the basis of the Preliminary Design, the construction of flue gas
desulphurization plant (FGD) is planned, along with both units reconstruction by 2015.
36
HPP Bajina Bаšta
The Bajina Bašta HPP is located some 160 km from the Drina river confluence into the
Sava River. It was commissioned in 1966. After 40 years of continuous operation the revitalization works have been initiated in order to extend its operational life, increase its reliability
and availability.
Bajina Bašta HPP basic data (prior to revitalisation)
Total capacity (МW)
368
Number of units
4
Capacity per unit (МW)
Installed discharge
(m3/s)
92
620
Guaranteed discharge (m3/s)
50
Maximum head (m)
70
Annual generation (GWh)
1,500
PROJECT VALUE
Total funds necessary for the Bajina Bašta HPP revitalisation amount to EUR 73 million.
PROJECT STATUS
The first unit was revitalised in
2010. Performance tests have been
successfully completed, while the
unit capacity and the discharge
were increased to 105 MW and
680m3/s, respectively. It is expected that the Bajina Bašta HPP capacity will increase for some 15% once
all units have been revitalised.
Unit 2 revitalisation completion
is planned for the beginning of October 2011, Unit 3 for September
2012 and Unit 4 for August 2013.
37
HPP Djerdap 1
The Djerdap 1 HPP is located some 943 km from the Danube river confluence to the Black
Sea. All units were commissioned in 1972. Until the beginning of 2011, it has generated the
total of 226,500 GWh of electricity. The Djerdap 1 HPP has been in continuous operation for
37 years, while the revitalisation works (unit capacity increase and step-up transformer replacement) have been initiated primarily to extend its operational life, as well as to increase
equipment reliability and availability.
Djerdap 1 HPP basic data
Water shed area (km2)
Reservoir volume (k
Live storage (k
m3
817,000
m3)
1.5
)
0.2 до 0.3
Main facility crest elevation (mnm)
72.50
Backwater width (m)
1,280
Mean annual discharge
(m3/s)
5,520
Installed capacity (MVA)
1,140
Number of units
6
Installed discharge (m3/s)
4,800
Net head (m)
27.16
Mean annual generation (GWh)
5,560
Studies and investigations have demonstrated that it is economically feasible to increase
the turbine discharge, with the corresponding generator and transformer capacity increase.
By increasing the installed discharge from the current 800m3/s to 840m3/s per unit,
maximum turbine and generator capacity will be increased from the current 194 MW to 205
MW (205 MW, 100 h annually) and from 190 MVA to 216 MVA, respectively. Mean internal
efficiency level was increased for 0.45% by selecting the new blade section.
Capacity and efficiency level increase would chiefly result in the improved variable operation of the Djerdap 1 HPP and annual generation increase of some 50 GWh.
PROJECT VALUE
Total funds needed to revitalise the Djerdap 1 HPP have been estimated at US$ 168
million. US$ 100.5 million will be financed
from the clearing debt of the Russian Federation to the Republic of Serbia, while the
remaining funds will be provided by EPS.
PROJECT STATUS
The first unit revitalisation is carried out
based on the approved Detailed Design. Preliminary works for the main generator stator
erection are under way for the second unit
planned for revitalisation, together with the
manufacture of the new parts for the second
turbine.
38
HPP Zvornik
Zvornik Hydropower plant is located on 100 km from the confluence of Drina River to
Sava River, commissioned in 1955. By the start of 2009 it has generated 23 TW h of electricity. Preparation activities have been initiated for revitalization of this run-of-river power
plant after more than 50 years of uninterrupted operation and for the purpose of operation
life extension and equipment reliability and availability increase.
Basic parameters of the Zvornik HPP
Catchment area (km2)
Reservoir volume (106
17,423
m3)
23.4
Dam height (m)
42
Dam crest elevation (mnm)
164.00
Spillway capacity (m3/s)
9,000
(m3/s)
Guaranteed flow
50
Installed capacity (MW)
96
Number of generator sets
4
Installed flow (m3/s)
620
Gross head (m)
22.6
470
Feasibility study indicated that it is economically favorable to increase the discharge capacity of the turbine, with corresponding capacity increase of generators and transformers.
Through the increase of installed flow from the current 620 m3/s to 680 m3/s it is possible to
achieve capacity increase from current 96 MW to 135 MW.
It is anticipated that generation
will then reach 551 GW h annually,
which is compared to the average
annual generation of 435 GW h an
increase of 26%.
PROJECT VALUE
Total value of funds necessary
for the Zvornik HPP revitalization
is estimated at EUR 95 million, and
EUR 75 million is provided by the
loan of KfW.
PROJECT STATUS
Financial funds are provided
and the contract is signed. Expected construction work beginning
is at the first quarter of 2012, and
completion in 2017.
39
HPPs Vlasinske
The Vlasinske HPPs system is made of four cascade hydropower plants (The Vrla HPP 1, 2,
3, 4) and a pumping station Lisina PSP located in the south of the Republic of Serbia.
Vrla 1 HPP uses water from Vlasinsko Jezero, while other power plants (Vrla HPP 2, 3, 4)
have their own small reservoirs, using water from the lake for operation. Lisina PSP pumps
water from Lisinsko to Vlasinsko Jezero.
In the first phase of construction of Vlasinske HPPs, in the period between 1954 and 1958,
half of the anticipated equipment in each HPP was installed, total installed capacity 57 MW.
In the second construction phase, in the period between 1974 and1975, equipment was
completed in each of the hydropower plants and with the building of PSP Lisina. Consequently, installed capacity was increased for 72 MW (to the total of 129 MW ), as well as the
average annual generation from 150 GW h to 282 GW h.
Vrla 1 HPP Vrla 2 HPP Vrla 3 HPP Vrla 4 HPP PSP Lisina
Reservoir volume (106 m3)
107
0.1
0.5
0.1
7.5
Maximum head water elevation
(mASL)
1,213
868
710
503.6
976
Installed flow (m3/s)
18.32
18.5
18.5
18.5
7.5
Gross head (m)
343
160
208
172
335
Nominal capacity (MW)
51
24
29
25
27
93.9
51.3
73.6
63
-74.8
For the purpose of operation life extension and equipment reliability and availability increase, preparation activities have been initiated for revitalization of this run-of-river hydropower plant.
Feasibility study indicated that it is economically favorable to increase the discharge capacity of the turbine, with corresponding capacity increase of generators and transformers.
By increasing installed flow from the current 18.5 m3/s (8.5 + 10) to 20 m3/s (9.5 + 10.5) it is
possible to achieve capacity increase for 10.2 GW h.
PROJECT VALUE
Total value of funds necessary
for Vlasinske HPPs revitalization is
estimated at EUR 52 million.
PROJECT STATUS
Construction beginning is
planned after the provision of
funds.
40
Open Cast Mines
In Electric Power Industry of Serbia coal in currently produced within two basins, i.e. on 5
open cast mines (Field B, Field D, Tamnava – West Field and Veliki Crljeni – Kolubara Mining
Basin and Drmno – Kostolac Mining Basin), while another two open cast mines in the Kostolac Mining Basin (Cirikovac and Klenovnik) are being decommissioned.
The annual overburden and coal production is about 100 million m3 and 37 million tons,
respectively.
Overburden and coal are excavated in the Kolubara Mining Basin by the use of 17 bucket
wheel excavators, 1 bucket chain excavator, 23 draglines, 15 spreaders and self-propelled
conveyers and 117 drive stations with some 80 km of belt conveyers.
The age of the bucket wheel excavators used on EPS open cast mines is highly unfavourable (average age is higher than 25 years), while most of the excavators (especially on
Field D OCM) have already been in operation for more than 150,000 hours, with some 200
million m3 of material excavated. For this reason, the forthcoming period will see comprehensive revitalisation and modernisation of the coal and overburden equipment.
The existing maintenance system should be improved by adopting and applying new
and efficient maintenance trends, such as predictive and proactive maintenance. This essentially involves on-line (rotation equipment state monitoring – temperature, vibrations,
noise) and off-line diagnostic methods.
To control and manage the operation of the systems employed at the EPS open cast
mines, production processes management will be harmonised and modernised.
41
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
42
DISTRIBUTION NETWORK DEVELOPMENT
Development of electricity distribution network is planned in accordance with the anticipated consumption growth and the needs for more efficient operation of electricity distribution network and reduction of losses. Studies of perspective network development 110.
35 and 10 kV developed for the demand area of all corporate enterprises for electricity distribution define priorities and development directions.
It is necessary to construct missing substations and power lines with voltage level 110
and 35 kV. The reconstruction is planned, as well as modernization of the existing sub-station, including replacement of outdated electrical equipment, capacity increase but also
modernization of all facility modernization with introduction of automation. The main objective of these activities is reliable level of increase as well as efficiency through the reduction losses.
PROJECT VALUE
Total value of funds for necessary constructions and reconstructions of electricity distribution network is EUR 260 million.
PROJECT STATUS
The project is implementing in continuity.
Loan/own funds
5–6 years
43
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
METERING EQUIPMENT PROCUREMENT
As the objective of the company is to boost consumer satisfaction and to more effectively
control the distribution system and to achieve the goals of the EU 20/20/20 in practice, and
in order to help develop the power system and continue the on-going deregulation process,
EPS has decided to incorporate the concept of so-called “smart grids” into their development plans as one of the most significant investment in the future.
SMART METERING will be part of new networks - the project already started by EPS. In
the forthcoming years, the company plans to replace the existing metering devices with
the most advanced units (AMM) that will ensure more accurate remote metering, cutting off
and managing consumption. About 2.5 – 3 million of meters will be replaced.
The first phase of the project implementation including remote heating system procurement with about 250,000 and 7,000 metering groups is in progress.
PROJECT VALUE
EUR 80 million
PROJECT STATUS
Tender document preparation for metering equipment procurement is in progress (phase 1).
EBRD loan / EIB
THE FIRST PHASE DURATION
1 - 2 years
IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD
8 - 10 years
In the near future, distribution companies of PE EPS will have to deal with a large number
of requests from new producers of energy from alternative sources (photovoltage sources,
biomass, windturbines, small HPPs, cogeneration...) for connection to the network. This is
supposed to increase the energy efficiency of the power system, so distribution companies
will have to become an active player in the control of its part of the system.
44
45
ENVIRONMENT
PROTECTION
46
In the course of the last decade of the last century, environmental protection was unfortunately placed in the background. Consequences have left traces in the immediate environment of EPS facilities, as well as in trans-border transmission of negative impacts. Combustion products such as sulphur and nitrogen oxides together with dust are released into
the air and together with atmospheric precipitation they form acid rains having an adverse
impact on plant life.
One of the most significant changes compared to the previous period, with multi-dimensional importance for Serbia and its energy sector and thereby Electric Power Industry of
Serbia is surely the coming into force of the Contract on the Founding of Energy Community. By ratifying this Contract in the National Assembly, Electric Power Industry of Serbia has
undertaken an obligation of full application of Acquis Communautaire Environment (i.e. full
application of EU standards in the field of environment, related to the energy field).
By applying this document, Serbian energy sector has de jure become a part of EU in the
field of environment protection. Obligations from the contract promote the idea of accelerated liberalisation of electricity market in the countries of Eastern Europe at the same level
as in EU. In addition to this, this market should be fully opened for all consumers by 2015,
with the deadline for application of environmental protection regulations by 2017.
Having in mind that EPS is the largest company in Serbia, as well as the nature of technology and spatial expansion and the fact that the large part of economy is related to EPS and
that about 70% of all environmental problems are related to the energy sector, i.e. EPS, it is
not difficult to conclude that reform in this field within Electric Power Industry of Serbia is
firmly connected to the same reforms at the state level.
It should be noted that 30% of all obligations of the country in terms of EU harmonization and accession is related to environment protection. In this respect, EPS has made an
action plan for the settlement of environmental issues verified by the Management Board
of the company. The Serbian Government has accepted this Plan as an integral part of the
power sector development plan, as well as through the implementation programme of Energy Sector Development Strategy by 2015 adopted by the Government and the National
Assembly of Serbia and National Environmental Action Plan, National Sustainable Development Strategy and a series of other relevant documents.
Under the Action Plan some EUR 1.2 billion have been planned for flue gas desulphurization (necessary investment level is about EUR 530 million for existing power plants) and full
reconstruction of all electrostatic precipitators together with alignment of their operation
with emission levels prescribed by EU standards. In addition to this, replacement of ash and
slag transport technology was also planned, as well as introduction of continuous harmful gases monitoring system. Anticipated sources for implementation include: own funds,
loans, EU grant funds, donors, Environment Protection Fund of the Republic of Serbia and
National Investment Plan.
47
ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION
The forthcoming period is marked with harmful substance emission alignment with EU
requirements related to air emission reduction of harmful substances, especially Directive
2001/80/EC as well as other directives related to environment protection in the energy field.
Article 4 of the Contract on the Founding of South–East Europe Energy Community anticipates full recognition of Acquis Communautaire Environment.
According to the set of environmental laws which became effective at the end of 2004, PE
EPS is under obligation to align operation of its facilities with their provisions by 2015. This
means that environmental measures will have to be applied in accordance with best available techniques (BAT) under national regulations harmonised with EU regulations for new
facilities and those undergoing revitalisation:
- Flue gas desulphurisation and de-nitrification plants as well as high efficiency electrostatic precipitators will have to be installed in new thermal power facilities and those
undergoing revitalisation, together with waste water treatment plans and favourable
ash and slag handling systems;
- Within the mining sector, reclamation activities need to be implemented consequently, together with introduction of new methods, including selective mining and
disposal of top soil;
- Operational adaptation to the requirements of the UN Framework Convention on
Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol, use of Clean Development Mechanisms (CDM)
anticipated for support to sustainable development of the developing countries, as
well as preparation for application of other flexible mechanisms and maximum use of
waste materials (ash, gypsum, clay, gravel, sand, oil, rubber, alternative fuels, etc) created in the course of EPS activities as secondary raw materials
Implementation of the following projects will be continued in the forthcoming period for
the purpose of emission harmonization and BAT introduction for emission reduction into
air and water:
PROJECT I – RECONSTRUCTION OR REPLACEMENT OF THE EXISTING ELECTROSTATIC
PRECIPITATORS
Necessary funds for reconstruction of existing electrostatic precipitators of TPP Kostolac B and TPP Morava units amount to EUR 14 million
PROJECT II – PRIMARY MEASURES FOR NOx EMISSION REDUCTION
Necessary funds for introduction of primary measures on TPP units amount to EUR
85.3 million, of which EUR 60 million for emission reduction on units with the capacity
over 300 MW
PROJECT III – CONSTRUCTION OF FLUE GAS DESULPHURISATION PLANTS
Necessary funds for flue gas desulphurization plant introduction aimed at SO 2
emission reduction on units of TPP Kostolac B and units A3–A6 of TPP Nikola Tesla A
amount to EUR 535 million.
PROJECT IV – RECONSTRUCTION OF EXISTING ASH AND SLAG TRANSPORT SYSTEM
TO THE DISPOSAL SITE
Necessary funds for introduction of new technology for ash and slag transport and
disposal on units A3–A6 at TPP Nikola Tesla A amount to EUR 50 million.
PROJECT V – OTHER AUXILLIARY AND COMPLEMENTARY PROJECTS
48
Replacement of existing hydraulic transport of ash and slag technology with thick slurry
transport technology (ash–water ratio – 1:1) will enable reduction of adverse impact of TPP
Nikola Tesla B disposal sites on environment
By implementing modernization of existing and installation of new measures for air and
water protection on thermal power facilities of Electric Power Industry of Serbia, operation
of these facilities will be aligned with the requirements of domestic and EU regulations,
with simultaneous fulfillment of undertaken obligations under the signed Contract on the
Founding of South-East Europe Energy Community related to emission reduction (ELV) of
harmful substances. Thereby, one of the conditions for obtaining of an integral permit for
operation of thermal power facilities will be fulfilled while performance of activities after
2015 i.e. 2017 will be enabled..
49
RENEWABLES
50
More extensive and efficient use of “green” energy is targeted by
the Serbian Energy Development Strategy, with careful and efficient
use of the strategic resource – coal.
One of the PE EPS priorities involves the modernisation of the existing small hydropower plants, construction of new small hydropower
plants, wind plant and solar plant development, with the analysis of
potential sites. Municipal waste incineration plant projects are also
being considered in cooperation with cities of Uzice and Kragujevac.
51
RENEWABLES
SMALL HYDROPOWER PLANTS
PE EPS plans to finalise the construction of the Prvonek SHPP (900 kW) independently in
September 2011, located within the Prvonek dam close to Vranje. This project is valued at
EUR 1.4 million, while the annual generation of this small hydropower plant would be from
2.5 to 3 million kWh.
In addition to the Prvonek SHPP, EPS plans to build 17 new SHPPs and to revitalise 15
existing SHPPs. Together with the Prvonek SHPP this makes the total of 33 SHPPs, with the
capacity of 82.5 MW. The 33 SHPPs have been divided into four groups:
1. SHPPs owned by EPS – revitalisation of 15 SHPPs
2. SHPPs on water management reservoirs which can also be used to generate electricity – construction of 9 SHPPs (including the Prvonek SHPP),
3. SHPPs on the sites of existing HPPs and TPPs – construction of 5 SHPPs,
4. SHPPs on other sites – construction of 4 SHPPs.
Phase 1 will cover the revitalisation of 23 SHPPs.
52
32 SMALL HYDROPOWER PLANTS
To modernise the 15 existing SHPPs owned by EPS and to construct 8 new SHPPs on the
sites of water management reservoirs with potential energy use (Prvonek SHPP funded by
EPS excluded) an application was sent to the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development for EUR 45 million loan approval. There are plans to finish the detailed revitalisation
and modernisation design for these SHPPs during 2011, with subsequent equipment supply
tenders launching.
Plans have also been made to build 5 additional mini HPPs on the sites of the existing EPS
facilities, with the total capacity of 5 MW and annual generation of some 19 million kWh.
Four sites have already been selected for this purpose.
53
RENEWABLES
WIND
PE EPS has in the past several years initiated the analysis of other renewable energy
sources in addition to small hydropower plants. To this end, wind potentials have also been
investigated. Investigations have so far been carried out on three sites, while the site at the
Kostolac Mining Basin has shown the highest profitability level. Once the investment and
technical documentation is finalised, the wind farm construction will be initiated.
54
55
Published by:
PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia
Public Relations Sector
2 Carice Milice St., Belgrade, Serbia
www.eps.rs, [email protected]
For the publisher:
Dragomir Marković, General Manager
Design:
Svetlana Petrović
Printed by:
Stojkov, Novi Sad
Circulation:
1000
Belgrade:
2011
CIP - Каталогизација у публикацији
Народна библиотека Србије, Београд
658.1:621.31(497.11)
ELEKTROPRIVREDA srbije (Beograd)
Strategic and Development Projects of the
Electric Power Industry of Serbia / [preveli
Srđan Bugarić i Marina Sretenović]. Belgrade : Electric Power Industry of Serbia,
Public Relations Sector, 2011 (Novi Sad :
Stojkov). - 56 str. : ilustr. ; 24 cm
Izv. stv. nasl.: Strateški i razvojni
projekti Elektroprivrede Srbije. - Tiraž 500.
ISBN 978-86-7302-031-0
a) Електропривреда Србије (Београд)
COBISS.SR-ID 185841932
56

new production capacities in Serbia

Transcription

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