THE BUCKEYE - Ohio Chapter ISA

Transcription

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
Mark
Your Calendar
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Tree Planting
Guide
PAGE 2
Tree Fund Update
Earn CEU’s at Home
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PAGE 17
PAGE 5
THE BUCKEYE
Arborist
VOLUME 46, NO. 5
SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER
2015
Ohio Chapter International Society of Arboriculture
www.ohiochapterisa.org
Meet the Member
Please meet Laurie Skul, a senior
financial analyst with The Davey Tree
Expert Company. Soon, Laurie will
replace Beth Buchanan as the Ohio
Chapter’s TREE Fund Liaison and
Team Ohio Captain. Laurie has been
under Beth’s wing now for about a year;
she looks forward to continuing the
momentum and enthusiasm for Ohio’s
fundraising efforts.
Laurie was born in Akron, grew up in Bay Village and currently
lives in Canton. She has a double major in Computer Information
Systems and Economics. Laurie returned to college as a “nontraditional student” when she was in her late 30s and currently
holds two Masters Degrees – an MBA in Finance and a Masters in
Arts in Economics. In addition to her work at Davey, she teaches
Economics at Kent State University.
When asked about her favorite tree and why, Laurie stated, “I have
three civil war era sugar maples on a property I own on Middle
Bass Island. They are just BEAUTIFUL trees – especially in the
fall! I hug them every chance I get!”
It was by pure happenstance that she stumbled into a job at
Davey Tree right at the same time she decided to get back on her
bike after a 20 year hiatus. Davey Tree led her to the Stihl Tour
des Trees, which led her to the TREE Fund which led her to her
association with the Ohio Chapter. She became a member of the
Ohio Chapter in 2013 when she rode her first Tour des Trees. The
Meet the Member Cont. on page 3
President’s Branch
By Shirley Vaughn
Fall is a season for change. With the
arrival of cooler temperatures and falling
leaves, schedules start to get hectic
and the challenge of making time for
your priorities, such as being there for
your children’s after school activities,
completing work planned for the day
or week, and taking a moment to relish
the Ohio’s beautiful fall color are more
difficult. Fall also marks a season of
change for the Ohio Chapter. Several
of our Board members, me included, are reaching the end of our
terms. However, every end is a new beginning, and we are actively
searching for candidates to run for the Ohio Chapter Board.
The Ohio Chapter has been fortunate over the years to have a
steady supply of individuals willing to step up and volunteer their
time for the betterment of the profession. Many of our past and
present Board members were recruited by the Chapter’s Leadership
Development Committee (LDC), which consists of our Chapter
president, vice president, and past president. However, not all of
our leaders were recruited by the LDC; some volunteered to run
for the Board. I was one of those people who volunteered to run
for a position on the Board. In other words, I nominated myself.
Did you know you could do that, nominate yourself to run for the
Ohio Chapter’s Board of Directors? Well, you can, and if you are
interested in running for the Chapter’s Board, I encourage you to
contact us.
President’s Branch Cont. on page 3
THE BUCKEYE ARBORIST
Publisher
1100-H Brandywine Blvd.
Zanesville, OH 43701-7303
Phone: (614) 771-7494 Fax: (740) 452-2552
Email: [email protected]
Website: www.OhioChapterISA.org
Ohio Chapter International
Society of Arboriculture
2015-2016 Board of Directors
Shirley Vaughn, President
Davey Tree Expert Co.
Kent, OH
Richard Rathjens, Vice President
Davey Tree Expert Co.
Kent, OH
Tom Munn – Treasurer
City of Hudson
Hudson, OH
Danny Bagwell
Pioneer Electric Cooperative
Piqua, OH
Joe Boggs
OSU Extension
Liberty Twp., OH
Brad McBride
Davey Resource Group
Kent, OH
Jennifer Milbrandt
City of Strongsville
Strongsville, OH
Craig Schaar
City of Toledo
Toledo, OH
Samantha Simmons
Phoenix Tree Care
Columbus, OH
Joe Russell – Past President
Russell Tree Experts
Worthington, OH
2
Editor
Dixie Russell, CMP, Executive Director
Ohio Chapter ISA
Contributing Editors
Chad Clink, Community Forester
The Holden Arboretum
Jennifer Milbrandt, City of Strongsville
Thomas Munn, City of Hudson
Charles Owen, City of Brecksville
Dixie Russell, Ohio Chapter ISA
Shirley Vaughn, The Davey Tree Expert Co.
Mark Webber, Board Certified Master Arborist
Proofreading Editor
John Siefer, Davey Tree Expert Co.
Articles
Submit articles in Word format to the Editor at
[email protected] for consideration. All
articles are subject to technical review. Accepted
articles may be edited for brevity, clarity and
adherence to Chapter requirements and standards.
Submissions must contain original work.
An ISA Certified Arborist in good standing may
receive CEUs for work published in The Buckeye
Arborist.
Advertising
Acceptance and publication of advertisements,
editorial copy or product announcements do not
necessarily imply Ohio Chapter ISA’s endorsement
of said products or techniques, nor does it reflect
the opinion of the Chapter regarding any such
product or technique. The Buckeye Arborist reserves
the right to refuse any advertisement that is
deemed unsuitable for publication.
For advertising reservations and material deadlines,
rates and data – as well as other Ohio Chapter
ISA sponsorship and messaging opportunities
– please contact the Ohio Chapter at info@
OhioChapterISA.org.
Mark Your Calendar
October 3
Ohio Tree Climbing Championship
Cincinnati Zoo
October 27
TRAQ
Dayton, OH
November 10
ISA Exams
Youngstown, OH
December 2-5
ASCA Annual Conference
Tucson, AZ
February 23-26, 2016
ASCA Consulting Academy
Napa, CA
February 28-March 1, 2016
Ohio Tree Care Conference
Sandusky, OH
August 13-17, 2016
ISA Annual Conference
Fort Worth, TX
Visit www.OhioChapterISA.org/Events for
complete details on each event.
Ohio Chapter ISA
The Mission of the Ohio Chapter
International Society of Arboriculture is to
advance responsible tree care practices through
research, technology and education, to
promote the benefits of trees.
The Ohio Chapter Values investing in
the future of professional arboriculture
through education, research, safety and
communication, while maintaining integrity
and credibility.
The Buckeye Arborist September/October 2015
President’s Branch Cont. from Cover
People volunteer for different reasons. Some want to make an impact
in their professional community, change the status quo, or have their
voice heard. Others volunteer to stay busy, challenge themselves,
develop new skills, be part of a team, or because they were asked.
Whatever the reason, donating your time, knowledge, and skills to an
organization will benefit you as well as the organization.
Chapter service does involve a level of commitment, but it is rewarding,
a great networking opportunity, and fun. Personally, I am glad I
nominated myself to run for a position on the Ohio Chapter Board,
and I am proud that my peers elected me to serve. My past three and a
half years of Board service have been filled with discussions and debates
about what educational programs and networking opportunities the
Ohio Chapter can offer. What should be posted on the Chapter’s
Facebook page, how we can grow arboriculture as a career, and ensuring
safety is a priority. For me, serving on the Ohio Chapter’s Board of
Directors has been challenging and fun. I have increased my network
and knowledge, learned to look at the big picture, and not once have I
been bored.
If you are interested in being more active in the Ohio Chapter, please
reach out to our Executive Director Dixie Russell at drussell@offinger.
com or me at [email protected]. The Chapter also has
committees including the Education and Public Outreach, OTTC
and Ohio TCC, Safety and Risk Management, and History that would
benefit from your input. Take a minute now to email Dixie or I with
questions; resolve to get more involved today.
Meet the Member Cont. from Cover
whole experience has been life altering for her. “It is such a pleasure
to work with the passionate people in the tree care industry,” noted
Laurie.
In order to prepare for her third Stihl Tour des Trees (Florida –
October 25-October 31), Laurie decided to challenge herself to do 100
mile rides in all states adjacent to Ohio. By the end of August she had
completed nine 100 mile rides. She has done several rides in Ohio and
completed rides in KY, IN, PA and MI. As of the writing of this article,
she was preparing to conquer WV. Her longest one-day ride of the year
was 170 miles and she hopes to complete a double century (200 miles)
before the 2015 Tour des Trees.
We hope you’ve enjoyed getting to know Laurie Skul and if she comes
“knocking on your door” for TREE Fund donations, please don’t think
twice about supporting the cause.
Dollar$ and $en$e
By Thomas Munn, Treasurer
The U.S. economy for 2015 looks promising. So far, house sales
are at levels last seen in 2008. New car sales are forecasted for
2015 at seventeen million (17M) units (Source: Automotive News).
Unemployment is down, average hourly wage is up, and inflation
(0.1%) is down (Bureau of Labor Statistics – Economy at a Glance).
Make no mistake… people have money to spend. Forget about the
stock market ups and downs. People are still making money with
the volatile market. How about the tree care industry? How are we
positioned?
Tree Care – Seasonal or Year Round?
Throughout Ohio we are in various stages of emerald ash borer
infestation. Some areas have lots of dead standing trees and some have
little mortality. It’s hard to change the mindset of homeowners from
tree care in spring and summer only. It seems like once the holiday
season begins, homeowners forget about yard maintenance until April
rolls around. HERE is our opportunity! Turn the ash into cash! Now is
the winter of our discounting!
When I speak to homeowners with dead ash trees, they seem unaware
that they can call tree service companies in November, December and
January. Maybe they think arborists fly south for the winter. Yet here is
a time for arborists to offer discounts for tree work since this is usually
the “slow time” of year. The next question is how to find an arborist
that works during the winter. Here is a serving suggestion: You may
wish to leave your business cards at store bulletin boards highlighting
that you are an “ash tree removal specialist” who offers “off season rates”
from November through March. Maybe marketing our services towards
winter tree removals will help even out the “feast or famine” of summer
versus winter sales. Do you have a website? Is it worth changing the
content now to capture winter sales? Is there a local newspaper with
cheap advertising space? Many homeowners with money in their
pockets and dead trees in the yard just don’t know who to call.
In January, I schedule the nastiest line clearance tree trimming (people
stay inside and don’t bother me). January is also great for huge removals
when the ground is frozen and the leaves are off. In February, I schedule
young tree training and large oak tree pruning. Arboriculture is a year
round profession. There are monetary benefits and biological benefits
to winter removals and pruning. We know it. Do your customers
know? Will we market it?
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In-Depth on Tree Planting
By Chad Clink, Community Forester, The Holden Arboretum
One of the leading causes of young tree mortality is deep planting.
When trees are planted too deeply they struggle to establish, are
stagnant in growth, or develop conditions – like stem girdling roots –
that lead to premature decline. However, following best tree planting
practices can reduce the epidemic of improper planting and improve
our success in growing large, healthy, and sustainable community trees
and forests with their associated benefits.
Root Flare
The root flare can be described as the outward curving base of a tree
where the stem joins the roots and ‘flares’ into the landscape (Photo
1). This area of transition from trunk tissue to root system is extremely
active in transporting nutrients in solution and structurally supporting
the tree. But, when we look into our landscapes and see new tree
plantings, the root flare is often buried by soil and mulch resulting in
unnecessary stress on our trees.
Digging to a depth that is one to two inches shallower than the root ball
for balled and burlapped plantings and one and one-half to two inches
for containerized transplanting is considered standard. Remember that
regardless of the type of planting material, you may have to excavate the
top of a trees root ball to identify the root flare.
Planting Width
The width of a tree planting hole is equally as important as planting
depth. A wide and shallow planting hole provides an opportunity for
new root development and recovery from transplant shock. Planting
hole width should be at least two times the diameter of the root
ball (Photo 3). Some empirical observations suggest that a planting
hole three to five times the root ball diameter increases the rate of
establishment in the landscape.
Photo 1. Root Flare (red arrow)
Photo 3. Planting hole width at least 2x root ball diameter
(root ball orange; planting width red)
The first step in any successful tree planting is identifying the root flare
depth in the root ball. The American National Standards Institute for
Tree Care Operations – Tree, Shrub, and Other Woody Plant Management
– Standard Practices (Planting and Transplanting) specifies that the flare
be at or above finished grade. This is often not the case.
It may be prudent to start with a hole that is one and one-half the
size of the root ball, set the root ball, and complete the remaining
excavation. This approach limits the potential for unnecessary removal
of soil and allows for the tree planter to cut-back the soil to an adequate
planting width and backfill simultaneously.
Planting Depth
The planting hole depth can only be determined once the root flare has
been identified. Many plantings demonstrate that no effort was made
to determine the height of root flare in the root ball before planting
(Photo 2). A planting hole should be dug that is slightly shallower
than the distance between the bottom of the root ball and top of the
root flare. Care should be taken not to disturb the native soil directly
underneath the root ball in the planting hole as settling may occur.
Improper (Deep) Planting
The deep planting epidemic is chronic and affects overall tree vitality.
We see that deep planting and improper mulching can eventually turn
into stem girdling roots (Photo 4). Inspecting a trees root system prior
to planting, correcting root defects, and planting at the correct depth
can increase the success and longevity of plantings.
Photo 2. Root ball coverings still in place indicating no attempt to
determine location of root flare.
(note the burlap, twine, and lack of root flare)
Photo 4. (Courtesy Busy Bee Services)
Stem girdling roots can form as a result of deep planting and improper
mulching (stem girdling root red arrow; root pruning orange arrow)
In Depth Tree Planting Guide Cont. on page 6
5
In Depth Tree Planting Guide Cont. from page 5
Going in-depth on improper planting does not mean belaboring the
point of deep planting (maybe a little), but perhaps informing and
educating the community as to what a significant problem it has
become in an economic, environmental, social, and net sustainabilitysense. When we cannot grow trees large enough to ‘pay us back’ or
appreciate in the landscape with return on investment, we are not
successful or efficient in growing trees and communities. Thus, the
improper and deep planting epidemic makes the case to select highquality nursery stock, consult with a qualified arborist, and install to a
standard that is supported and enforced by experts internationally.
Communities should consider how to best approach the quality of their
tree plantings through details and specifications that allow for oversight
and enforcement of proper tree planting. An emphasis on low bids results
in low expectations and potentially improper planting techniques.
Young Tree Care
Instead of “last but not least” let us start with “first and foremost”
in having a maintenance plan for young tree care. It is a significant
investment to plant trees and requires resources. Young trees will
require pruning, mulching, some weeding, and watering (Photo 5).
These are just the tasks and do not include the financial investment or
sustainability considerations.
Bibliography
Watson, Gary W., and E. B. Himelick. 2013. The Practical Science of
Planting Trees. Champaign, IL: International Society of Arboriculture.
We are honored to recognize in this issue, the following
individuals who recently received new credentials.
Congratulations to all!
ISA BOARD CERTIFIED MASTER ARBORIST
Jose M. Fernandez
ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST
Daniel B. Callahan
Joseph M. Jones
Clarence Cowan, IV
Dawn Sherman
Emilia Crawford
Adrian Wilson
Curt Andrew Hirtzinger
ISA CERTIFIED ARBORIST MUNICIPAL SPECIALIST
Aaron Joseph Noblet
Photo 5. Young trees require 10-15 gallons of water
per inch of caliper each week
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By combining mowing and side trimming with selective herbicide applications, Asplundh can tailor the most
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1-800-248-TREE
Tree Tech Bytes
By Mark A. Webber, Board Certified Master Arborist
Guide for Successful Pruning of Evergreen Trees
In every edition of The Buckeye Arborist, I try to speak to topics that
aren’t written about or discussed in the Arborist News and other forums.
My responsibility as the Tree Tech editor is to give you the most up to date
information and best practices of how the practicing arborist should be
performing their daily duties. In this issue, I have written about a topic that has
little or no information written or dissented about.
Dead Zone
Most conifers produce a dead interior zone where
the twigs and buds are killed from severe self-shading
(Starbuck, 2009). The dead zone limits the extent
of pruning. If it is exposed by severe pruning, new
shoots will not develop from the exposed area. The
result is a deformed and unsightly plant.
In today’s landscape, large evergreen trees are the backbone of landscapes
throughout the United States. Property owners tend to revere these groups of
plants with higher regard due to their unique upright habits that bring yearround green qualities. Unfortunately very little has been written or published
that can guide practicing arborists on the best practices of how to properly and
successfully prune evergreen trees. The current ANSI A300 part 1 standard
section 6.1.4 sets forth the principle that no more than 25% of live foliage
should be removed in any single pruning cycle with in a 1 year time frame (Tree
Care Industry Association, 2008).
Broadleaved evergreen trees like certain Image courtesy of University
magnolias, evergreen hollys, and in some cases older of Missouri Extension
rhododendrons that become tree like. In today’s
modern landscape, it’s common to find forms of these plants that 50 years ago
would have been the exception not the rule (Brickell & Joyce,1999). But due to
plant selection and better winter hardiness we see more of these plants in todays
cultivated landscape and it’s important that the arborist know the best practices
of how to prune them successfully.
But, I would contend that if anyone would remove 25% of any evergreen trees
live terminals on a yearly basis for at least 3-4 consecutive years as the standard
allows this would result in the plant being pruned into starvation. This over
pruned tree would not have the photosynthetic potential to recover from the
lost energy production caused by excessive pruning (Coder).
Pine needles are arranged in clusters or bundles, which are fastened to a twig in
a sheath. The number of needles in a cluster varies from species to species, but
usually they are in bundles of two, three, or five. Most pines produce their buds
on the terminal tips of their shoots and not along the stems. This results in one
flush of growth per year. New shoots are called candles.
To better understand the arborists responsibility of how, where, what, how
much, and when to prune evergreen trees it’s critical for the arborist to
understand that every pruning cut does matter, according to Dr. Kim D. Coder
(2008):
How to Prune: Prune pines in the late spring as new growth emerges. To
produce a compact, uniform plant or to maintain a plant shape, pinch onethird to one-half of each candle when it expands in the spring (French&
Appleton, 2009).
Evergreen Branch Arrangement Types and How to Prune Pines (Pinus)
“Pruning is used to maintain tree values, help trees appreciate in value over
time, and minimize liabilities. Proper pruning increases tree owner and
user value perceptions of management, minimizes structural problems, and
attempts to maximize biological efficiency”
And Dr. Coder (2008) further states that the arborist doing pruning of any
kind should understand that it:
“is critical to carefully consider every cut”
To best understand this group of plants and the impactions of every pruning
cut it’s important to understand how evergreen trees function. This group
of plants contain unique plant parts that make them morphologically and
physiologically different than their deciduous cousins.
Anatomy of an Evergreen Tree
Image courtesy of Virginia Cooperative Extension
Do not prune back into woody stems; new growth will not develop from these
areas. Shearing is not recommended. When older pines are overgrown, the only
option usually is to remove an entire branch.
Evergreen trees have leaves and needles that persist year round, and these plants
include most conifers and some broad-leaved trees. Evergreen trees generally do
not need pruning, especially if placed properly in the landscape.
Conifers are distinguished from
other plants by their needle or
scale-like leaves, and their seedbearing cones. Because conifers
have dominant leaders, young
trees rarely require training-type
pruning. The leader is the vertical
stem at the top of the trunk. If a
young tree has two leaders, prune Image courtesy of Virginia Cooperative Extension
one out to prevent multiple leader
development.
Selective branch removal is generally unnecessary as evergreens tend to have
wide angles of attachment to the trunk.
Spruces (Picea) have individual, angled needles with brown pegs at the base
of each needle. The pegs remain on the twig after the needles drop, resulting in
a rough twig. Buds are scattered along the twigs of the newest growth. Cones
are long and pendulous. Although spruces need very little pruning, bottom
branches may die with age and can be removed.
Tree Tech Bytes Cont. on page 8
7
Tree Tech Bytes Cont. from page 7
How to Prune: For a formal shape, prune new growth in the spring. Shear in
late spring, after new growth has expanded.
only into live wood. To regain the natural shape of the plant, balance lower
limbs by lightly pruning branch tips. Older arborvitae growing in shade will
develop a dead zone that is incapable of regenerating new growth. Do not
prune into this area.
(Special note) Oriental arborvitae (Thuja orientalis) is slow growing and
responds best to shearing new growth only.
Cypress or false cypress (Chamaecyparis) These coniferous trees with a wide
range of species that have flattened sprays of scale-like adult leaves. Juvenile
leaves are larger and ovate to linear.
Image courtesy of Colorado State University
Although spruces need very little pruning, bottom branches may die with age
and can be removed (McConnell, Mahoney, Colt, & Partridge, 1998). To
reduce the size of a branch, cut back to a lateral branch or a visible dormant
bud. This can be done in late winter. To repair a broken leader, cut off the
broken branch and tie one of the shorter side shoots upright onto a splint,
training it to become the new leader. Remove the tie after one year. If two
leaders develop, remove the weaker one.
Fir (Abies) are much like spruces and the pruning methods are the same
(McConnell, Mahoney, Colt, & Partridge, 1998).
Arborvitae (Thuja) – The needles of arborvitae are flat, frond-like fans. Cones
are distinct and are in half-inch clusters.
How to Prune: Arborvitae comes in many different forms and sizes that should
be maintained when pruning (French & Appleton, 2009). Arborvitae will
withstand heavy pruning and shearing because new branches develop from
concealed buds in the branch crotches. Prune in early spring or mid-summer.
When heavy pruning is necessary, prune before new growth begins in early
spring so that new growth conceals pruning cuts. To lower the height (no more
than 20 percent) of a plant, cut back to a lower branch crotch, making cuts
How to Prune: Select branches with active live growth and remove branch to a
branch with a similar stem diameter (McConnell, Mahoney, Colt, & Partridge,
1998). Do not cut into dead zones or shear- this will cause for unattractive
plant and die back of the individual stems.
Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) is not a cedar at all, but is in the same
family as baldcypress (Taxodium). Cryptomeria is an extremely variable conifer
that includes well over 100 cultivars available in the U.S. All Japanese cedars
can be pruned to keep a more compact form. Pruning is best done just before
new growth begins in the spring, but proper cultivar selection can eliminate the
need for pruning. The evergreen leaves are made up of spirally arranged needlelike leaves.
How to Prune: Remove the deadwood and do light shearing on new growth
(Bohl, 2014). Avoid at all costs pruning into older wood due to a heavy dead
zone in the interior branches.
Junipers (Juniperus) This diverse group of plants includes spreading, upright,
pyramidal, and creeping habits. Junipers have two types of needles, one scalelike and the other prickly and sharp. Both types are often seen on the same
plant. Fruit is a distinct, light blue, berry-like cone. All junipers develop a dead
Training is crucial, which is why ACRT places great value in training
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zone in the center of the plant because of insufficient light. New growth will
not develop from this area unless green needles remain.
Image courtesy of Colorado State University
How to Prune: To correct the shape, prune before new growth starts in the
spring; lightly prune side branches to reduce their size and to bring the plant
back into scale (Brickell & Joyce, 1999). Prune spreading and creeping junipers
by selectively cutting back to vigorous, lateral side branches. Do not shear in
a formal manner. Overgrown specimens can be lowered up to 20 percent, but
cuts must be above the dead zone. When shearing junipers care should be taken
to leave some new growth on the plant to avoid pruning back into the dead
zone. Shearing should take place in the spring when plants are actively growing.
Severe pruning is not recommended.
Evergreen Hollys (Ilex) – American holly or hybrid versions may be pruned in
December for Christmas greens. These slow growers can be severely damaged
by over pruning.
How to Prune: Always make the cut at a node, just above a lateral bud. Prune
so as to maintain the natural pyramidal shape of the tree (Brickell & Joyce,
1999).
covers to various-sized trees and shrubs. Yews are slow-growing, long-lived
plants, which produce two flushes of growth per year.
How to Prune: New growth can develop on old wood on certain species of
yews like cuspidate types while media types may or may not respond (Brickell
& Joyce, 1999). In some cases yews are very tolerant of heavy pruning or
shearing, but this is best done as winter ends and as spring breaks in colder
climates. To maintain size, prune in late winter or early spring, before new
growth begins. Prune again in mid-June. Annual shearing should be done after
new growth has expanded. Follow-up shearing should continue throughout
the growing season. To avoid stimulating new growth late in the season (thus
preventing winter injury), do not shear yews after August.
Rhododendron – Wide leafed evergreen plants that in time become large
shrubs or small bushy trees with large terminal buds that produce large showy
flowers. These plants generally require very little pruning, as they are slowgrowing.
How to Prune: Old flower clusters should be removed immediately after
flowering. Prune out only dead, diseased, and weak branches (Brickell & Joyce,
1999).
Hemlocks (Tsuga) – Hemlocks have small, flat, dark green needles arranged
spirally around the stem. Cones are small and pendulous.
How to Prune: It is preferable to allow these plants to retain their natural form,
hemlock will become a tall tree, but can be pruned or sheared as a hedge and
can be pruned much like Yew (Taxus) (Brickell & Joyce, 1999)
Special Pruning Tips
Evergreen Magnolias (Magnolia grandiflora)-These shiny green leaved trees
are wonderment to the winter landscape. The southern magnolia has creeped its
way into northern landscapes and can be a tender species of tree that has little
to no tolerance for pruning. While (Magnolia virginiana) or known as sweetbay
magnolia has simply no tolerance to pruning except to have deadwood
removed. Like their deciduous cousins the evergreen magnolia prefers to be left
alone when it comes to pruning and if you have to prune large branches be sure
the plant is in ample vigor, otherwise the plant will form serious decay zones in
its trunk and scaffold branches.
Corrective pruning for evergreen trees consists mainly of dead, diseased, or
damaged branch removal. Remove dead wood promptly by cutting dead
branches back to healthy branches. When pruning diseased branches make
thinning cuts into healthy wood well below the infected area. Thinning cuts
remove branches to their points of origin or attachment. Disinfect tools
between each cut with products such as “Lysol.”
How to Prune: Just deadwood back to a secondary live branch and keep plant
well maintained with proper watering and fertility (Brickell & Joyce, 1999).
Yews (Taxus) – Needles are glossy, dark green, and arranged spirally in pairs
along erect stems. Fruit is a fleshy, red berry. Yews range from spreading ground
When a tree’s leader is lost due to storm damage or disease, replace it by
splinting an upper lateral branch into a vertical position. Prune all laterals
immediately below the new leader. Use wood or flexible wire splints, removing
them after one growing season.
Pruning Evergreen Chart
Note
Allow evergreen trees to grow in their natural form. Don’t prune into the
inactive center (no needles or leaves attached) of whorl-branched conifers
because new branches won’t form to fill in the holes.
Provided below is detailed month by month pruning recommendations by
species for evergreen trees in USDA Zone 5 & 6
Legend:
* = Best time to prune
x = Do not prune except to correct damage, hazards, or structural defects
- = Timing is not critical
1. Seldom needs pruning – remove multiple leaders, dead, and broken branches
2. Don’t prune into old wood having no leaves or needles
3. Prune during growing season to make more compact or dense
4. To avoid reducing berry production, don’t prune during bloom period
5. Prune to remove cankers
6. Flower buds set on previous season (old) wood; winter pruning will
reduce spring flowering
Plant
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
June
July
Aug
Sept
Oct
Nov
Dec
Note
Arborvitae
Atlas Cedar
Chamaecyparis
Japanese cedar
Fir
Hemlock
Holly (Evergreen)
Juniper
Magnolia, Southern
Pine
Spruce
*
*
*
x
*
*
*
*
-
*
*
*
x
*
*
*
*
-
*
*
x
*
x
-
*
*
x
x
*
-
*
*
x
x
*
*
*
*
*
x
x
*
*
*
x
x
x
*
x
x
x
*
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
-
*
*
*
x
*
*
*
*
-
*
*
*
x
*
*
*
*
-
1,2
1,2
1,2,6
1,2,5
1,2
1,2,3
4
1,2
1,6
1,2,3
1,3,5
9
Pruning large branches
Pruning standards and horticultural writings as well as arboricultural
publications advise against pruning branches flush to the trunk. Flush cutting
in evergreen trees is harmful like in deciduous trees in several ways:
Branches and debris from pruning should be removed from the site as soon
as possible to minimize the danger of spreading the disease. Avoid pruning
diseased evergreen trees in wet weather and the plants should be dry for several
days before pruning.
How much to prune
• Damages bark as pruning tools rub against the trunk
• Removes the branch collar
• The cut goes behind the branch bark ridge.
When major limbs are removed the branch collar should be protected at all
costs. This area is the swollen area of trunk tissue that forms around the base
of a branch. The branch bark ridge is a line of rough bark running from the
branch-trunk crotch into the trunk bark, less prominent on some trees than on
others.
Like any kind of pruning, the removal of branches that contain active
needles reduces the ability of the plant to make energy. In the case of most
deciduous trees we strive to maintain a live crown ratio of at least 66% of the
trees total volume of space. More importantly, this live crown ratio assures
ample photosynthetic surface for a potentially robust and vigorous tree, if
site resources are not limited. As live crown ratios decline, less photosynthetic
area and more respiring tissue remain. As the live crown ratio shrinks the trees
health changes and its ability to deal effectively with stress decreases as well. Dr.
Kim Coder (2008) describes the consequences of over-pruned trees that:
“For example, once upland oak species (Quercus spp.) approach a live crown
ratio of 15%, they are more prone to insect attack (i.e. borers) and less
resistant to abiotic stress. For example in Southern yellow pines (Pinus spp.),
as live crown ratio approaches 10%, a number of bark beetles become much
more effective in attack and the tree less able to resist”
Careful and judicial pruning decisions
The best pruning cut is made outside the branch collar, at a 45 to 60 degree
angle to the branch bark ridge. Leave the branch collar intact to help prevent
decay from entering the trunk.
Where to Prune
Most evergreen pruning is done for corrective reasons, so seasonal timing is
not as important as it is for deciduous species. Pruning during dormancy is
the most common practice and will result in a vigorous burst of spring growth.
Whenever unexpected damage from vandalism or bad weather occurs, prune
immediately.
There are, however, certain evergreen pruning activities for specific times of
the year. Prune random-branched conifers in early spring when new growth
will cover the pruning wounds. “Candles” of whorl-branched conifers must be
pinched back in mid to late spring. Maintenance pruning of random-branched
conifers is done in summer to keep plants within a desired size range.
Do Not Top Evergreens
The practice of topping is not a good choice. Topping is the removal of all
branches of a mature tree above an arbitrary height leaving unnatural decayed
stubs and will cause multiple structural defects in the remaining branches.
Large evergreen trees do not respond well to topping.
The removal of the upper main stem through topping opens the tree to internal
decay, disease, or damaging insects; it also removes the most productive portion
of the crown of the tree. Additionally, most conifer trees have strong apical
dominance. When topped, a conifer will lose its apical dominance, will become
branched in multiple directions, and the tree will be predisposed to future stem
failures.
Pruning Diseased Evergreens
Evergreen trees under certain conditions can harbor pathogens that can be
easily spread by pruning so great care should be taken. Pruning can promote
the spread of the disease and can be easily carried by pruning tools to
unaffected portions of the tree. Sanitation pruning cuts should be done well
away from infected wood. Be sure to make your cut into live wood at least
4 to 6 inches below the last indication of dieback or disease to a secondary
branch. Household Lysol is an excellent disinfectant for pruning equipment
(McConnell, Mahoney, Colt, & Partridge, 1998)
10
As Dr. Kim Coder (2008) describes, as well as suggests earlier in this article,
pruning is the most powerful tool that we arborists have that can improve or
destroy a trees ability to provide function to a landscape and a trees benefits
to its end user. It’s vitally important that before one single pruning cut is
made to any tree, especially to an evergreen tree, that the practicing arborist
respect and understand how the subject tree being pruned grows and how its
morphological and physiological processes work so that every pruning cut is
done in a judicial and sustaining manner.
About the Author: Mark A. Webber is a Board Certified Master Arborist
with nearly forty years of relevant professional experience. He provides forensic
investigations, reports, and testimony in matters related to tree maintenance
and removal, plant value, management of nursery and landscaping operations,
and an assortment of horticultural issues. He can be contacted at mwebber@
webberlandscaping.com
Citations
1. Bohl, L. (2014). Captivating Cryptomeria. Digger Magazine. September
2014.pp 19-26
2. Brickell, C.; Joyce, D. (1999). The Cavendish Encyclopedia of Pruning
and Training. October 1999. pp1-336
3. Coder, K. D. (2008). Arboritecture: Foundations of Classic Design
Pruning. University of Georgia Warnell School of Forestry & Natural
Resources monograph publication WSFNR08-13. Pp.80. http://www.
warnell.uga.edu/outreach/pubs/pdf/forestry/Pruning%20Manual%20
Arboritecture%20monograph%20pub08-13.pdf
4. Colorado State University Extension (2014). Web source http://www.ext.
colostate.edu/mg/Gardennotes/617.html
5. French, S.C.; Appleton, B.L. (2009), A Guide to Successful Pruning,
Pruning Evergreen Trees.
6. McConnell, D.W.; Mahoney, R.L.; Colt, W.M.; Partridge, A.D. (1998).
How to Prune Coniferous Evergreen Trees. University of Idaho. pp1-8
7. Starbuck. (2009). Pruning Ornamental Trees and Shrubs. University of
Missouri Extension Service. Web source http://extension.missouri.edu/p/mg8
8. Tree Care Industry Association. (2008). ANSI A300 (Part 1) - 2008
Pruning. TCIA/ISA
9. Windsor, J. (2013). Pruning Evergreens. University of Delaware. HYG-73. p 1
OHIO TREE CARE CONFERENCE & TRADE SHOW
Kalahari Resort & Convention Center  Sandusky  Ohio  February 28 – March 1, 2016
SPONSORSHIP OPPORTUNITIES
The Ohio Chapter ISA hosts one of the oldest and most respected trade shows for tree care professionals in Ohio, the
Ohio Tree Care Conference (OTCC). Over 400 individuals representing commercial, municipal, utility, governmental,
research and educational entities will attend the 2016 Conference. You won’t want to miss the opportunity to market your
products and services at the OTCC; it’s the only statewide Conference and Trade Show targeted to this group of
arborists. Make a commitment today to support the 2016 Ohio Tree Care Conference!
Food & Beverage Opportunities
Grand Opening of Exhibit Hall Party – Investment: $1,000 per Co-Sponsor
Support the party where everyone will gather on Sunday evening! Party will include music, food, beverages and lots of
great networking.
Exhibit Hall Lunch (Tuesday) – Investment: $1,000 per Co-Sponsor
This co-sponsorship provides lunch to all attendees and exhibitor representatives. Lunch will be served on the Trade
Show floor.
Exhibit Hall Continental Breakfast (Monday) – Investment: $800 per Co-Sponsor
This sponsorship provides breakfast for all attendees and exhibitor representatives. Breakfast buffet will be on the Trade
Show floor. Sponsor this complimentary breakfast; it’s a great way to jump start the day.
Beverage Station (Sponsorships Available Monday and Tuesday) – Investment: $500 Exclusive/$300 Co-Sponsor
Sponsor a beverage station and gain company recognition in front of hundreds of qualified buyers.
Educational Opportunities
Keynote Sessions – Investment: $1,500 Exclusive
Company representative may give a 5-minute presentation about the sponsoring company from the podium and a
company representative may introduce the speaker.
Track Sessions – Investment: $1,000 per Track Exclusive
Available tracks include Arboriculture Plus, Commercial, Municipal, Utility and Climber’s Corner.
Registration Opportunities
Registration Give-Away Sponsors – Investment: $200 plus the cost of the item
These sponsorships are a great way to get your company name out there to EVERY attendee. Recommended items
include registration bags, lanyards, note pads and pens, clip boards, etc. Items must display Ohio Chapter ISA logo or
name and may show the sponsor logo or tag line. Design and artwork must be pre-approved by Chapter staff. Sponsor is
responsible for all production and shipping/delivery charges.
Friend Sponsor – Investment: $100
Because every little bit helps, Friend Sponsors are available for those who just want to give a little more.
Benefits of Sponsorship
Dependent upon receipt date of Commitment, sponsor will receive recognition in two issues of The Buckeye Arborist
(Distribution 800); on event signage, in the Conference program and on the Chapter’s website.
Policies & Procedures
1. OTCC exhibitors are given first option of sponsorship opportunities.
2. To secure a sponsorship, submit a Commitment Form plus full payment to the Ohio Chapter. Sponsorships will
be assigned on a first-come, first-served basis.
3. Sponsor must comply with all relevant policies concerning advertising and exhibiting with the Ohio Chapter ISA.
Event dates and times are subject to change.
1100-H Brandywine Blvd.  Zanesville, OH 43701-7303  Phone: (614) 771-7494  Fax: (740) 452-2552
[email protected]  www.ohiochapterisa.org
11
OHIO TREE CARE CONFERENCE & TRADE SHOW
Kalahari Resort & Convention Center  Sandusky  Ohio  February 28 – March 1, 2016
SPONSORSHIP COMMITMENT FORM
Complete and return form to secure your support; check the box by the desired sponsorship. Options available
first come/first served.
 Exhibit Hall Grand Opening Party (Co-Sponsor $1,000)
 Exhibit Hall Lunch (Co-Sponsor $1,000)
 Exhibit Hall Continental Breakfast (Co-Sponsor $800)
 Beverage Station – Check Preference Below
 Exclusive $500  Co-Sponsor $300
 Keynote Session (Exclusive $1,500)
 Track Sessions (Exclusive $1,000) – Please mark desired track:
 Arboriculture Plus  Commercial  Municipal  Utility  Climber’s Corner
 Registration Give-Away $300 – Check Preference Below
 Note Pads & Pens  Lanyards  Registration Bags  Shirts

Other – please write recommendation for another option for consideration.
 Friend Sponsor ($100)
CONTACT INFORMATION
(Please Print/Type Clearly the coordinator for your company and their contact information.)
Company Name _________________________________________________________________
Contact Name __________________________
Title __________________________________
Phone _________________________________ Cell ___________________________________
E-mail ___________________ Authorized Signature ___________________________________
Completing this form serves management notice that you agree to be contacted by mail/phone/fax and/or e-mail.
Payment must be included with form.
Once marketing begins, Sponsorships are non-refundable.

Check (Please make payable to Ohio Chapter ISA)
To pay by credit card, please visit www.ohiochapterisa.org and Sign In (located in the upper right corner). Ohio Chapter ISA currently accepts the
following credit cards: MasterCard and VISA. Ohio Chapter ISA is unable to accept credit cards by phone, fax, email, or by mail.
If you do not remember your Username or Password, use the Reset Your Password on the Ohio Chapter ISA web site by entering the email
address associated with your member record. Please contact the Ohio Chapter ISA office at 614-771-7494 if you have any questions or have
trouble logging in. We appreciate your support of Ohio Chapter ISA.
PLEASE MAIL, FAX OR EMAIL COMPLETED FORM TO
MAXIMIZE YOUR EXPOSURE!
1100-H Brandywine Blvd.  Zanesville, OH 43701-7303  Phone: (614) 771-7494  Fax: (740) 452-2552
[email protected]  www.ohiochapterisa.org
12
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13
TREE Fund Update
By Charles Owen, City of Brecksville
Name Dropping
Team Ohio just finished its biggest fund raiser of the year, the Pig
Roast/Wine & Beer Tasting event at The Holden Arboretum on August
22. The weather was perfect, the food and beverage outstanding, the
venue inviting and the camaraderie flowed like good beer. All the parts
came together thanks in large part to our Team Ohio captain and
TREE Fund liaison, Beth Buchanan – she, as a force of nature herself,
may have even influenced the weather! The event was a great success in
support of our riders participating in the Stihl Tour des Trees bicycle
ride to benefit the Tree Research & Education Endowment Fund
(TREE Fund). A great time was had by all!
I am honored to have been able to help out at the event, to rub (and
bend) elbows with the tree care luminaries in attendance, and to
support the Team Ohio Tour riders. I would like to mention, in no
particular order, some of the folks that were there:
Team Ohio itself was well represented with current Tour riders and
support personnel: TREE Fund liaison (and in this case, ringleader)
Beth Buchanan, Jane Renee Chabrand, Hank Gulich, Kevin Jones, Jeff
McMullen, Laurie Skul, Dave Staats, and Mark and Shirley Vaughn.
The riders showed their thanks and humility by manning the serving
line once the food was ready.
Our host for the evening, The Holden Arboretum, also showed its support
of the TREE Fund’s mission and goals with some of its staff in attendance.
Arboretum director Clem Hamilton was there and led several exclusive
tours to the not-yet-opened canopy walk facility in one of Holden’s many
forested areas. I am looking forward to seeing the new exhibit myself after
it opens this Labor Day. The pig roast could not have happened without
the very active hands-on participation of two other Holden stalwarts,
Gary Weinheimer and Chad Clink – to say they merely filled their roles
of “facility coordinators” is quite the understatement! The Arb’s education
department was represented by Ms. Marian Williams and its current crop
of student interns by Alex Makowic.
A retired arboretum legend was also on hand for the evening. Tom
Yates, former superintendent at Lantern Court (the Corning estate with
extensive gardens dating from the 1930’s), was a huge influence on me
when I interned at the arboretum and resided at Lantern Court in the
late 80’s. I consider Tom a mentor and friend. His brother Doug, retired
from Klyn Nurseries, was there too. It was great to see them both!
Alan Siewert of the Ohio Department of Natural Resources Division of
Urban Forestry, along with his wife Anne, contributed to the day-long
set-up in many ways. Even though he is not a bike rider, Alan is one
of our most ardent supporters. He, as always, served as the master of
ceremonies during the event and helped organize beforehand.
We had visitors from out of state. Prominent among this group was
Mary DiCarlo, our main top-level contact with the TREE Fund office
near Chicago. She is instrumental in making sure each Tour des Trees
runs smoothly and is always on hand at the event. Mary had some
words of thanks and encouragement for us during a few minutes at the
microphone after supper. I think she was also present to take notes so
that other chapters might benefit from our experience (and success!)
with this event.
We even had international participants. Representing our neighbor
TREE Fund Update Cont. on page 15
Thank you to our Sponsors
Platinum Plus Sponsor
Platinum Sponsor
Silver Sponsor
14
Gold Sponsor
Silver Sponsor
Silver Sponsor
Silver Sponsor
Gold Sponsor
Silver Sponsor
Tree Fund Update Cont. from page 14
to the north was, among others, Warren Hoselton – also known as
Professor Pricklethorn. Mr. Hoselton donned his “game face” to help
dedicate a tree, Tour-style, and to entertain the kids present at the
event. It is always gratifying to have children around at these adult
mixers and it was great to have a source of education and entertainment
(and stickers!) for them. Thanks Professor!
Each of the major sponsors sent a contingent. It is good to have the
opportunity to put a face with that logo or that voice on the phone.
In other TREE Fund news:
For details on the upcoming Stihl Tour des Trees and other TREE Fund
events, please visit www.treefund.org. Riders and teams are still taking
donations, please be generous!
Grant applications can be made through that same website.
Applications are due October 1 for:
We were busy raising funds for research and education in the tree care
industry so it was really important to us that one of the recipients of
these same funds was actively present to help us out. Dan Herms,
entomologist at OARDC in Wooster, was there with his wife Cathy,
an educator in her own right. Dr. Herms made a few comments to the
crowd after supper. He emphasized the importance of independent
research dollars like those available through the TREE Fund as a source
of seed money (an appropriate metaphor considering the context).
Monetary support he gets through the TREE Fund can be matched by
The Ohio State University and the combined funds can then be used
to draw even more financial support. The current visitations of the
invasive emerald ash borer have shown how critical it is to have research
machinery in place for the long haul.
• John Z. Duling Grant, which provide “seed” funding for
innovative research and technology transfer projects that can
benefit arborists’ everyday work. (Up to $10,000)
• Jack Kimmel International Grant, for arboriculture research
projects all over the world. (Up to $10,000)
We are still catching our collective breath after the event and will report
more details in the next issue. This issue contains a heartfelt thanks to
our major donors.
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16
CEUs at Home
Common Tree Concerns During the Fall
By Jennifer Milbrandt, Coordinator of Natural Resources, City of Strongsville
Even though the growing season is winding down, there are still
questions concerning trees that we face. Diseases, insects and abiotic
disorders occur in fall too. The following tree-related issues typically
occur during the fall in Ohio.
White Pine Needle Drop
All conifers drop their needles; however, white pine is typically the
“severe” and noticeable. Needle drop, is where the inner needles
of white pines turn yellow and drop off. Needle drop is a natural
phenomenon that occurs in the autumn (and sometimes early spring).
White Pine Needle Drop
( photo courtesy: Deborah Miller, Davey Institute)
Mites
As the cooler temperatures come back to Ohio, so do cool season mites!
The spruce spider mite (Oligonychus ununguis), for instance , can be
found on all types of conifers: spruce, pines, junipers and arbor vitae.
Eriophyid mites on white pine
(photo courtesy: Deborah Miller, Davey Institute)
Tubakia Leaf Spot
Tubakia leaf spot (formerly called Actinopelte leaf spot), is a late-season
fungal disease of oaks. Although all species of oak appear to be prone to
this disease, oaks in the red oak group such as black, red, and pin oak,
appear to be most susceptible. Symptoms of the disease include small
to large dark brown or reddish-brown spots or blotches on the leaf.
Spotting on leaf veins may cause large areas of dead leaf tissue along
the veins. If trees are heavily infected with Tubakia leaf spot, premature
defoliation may occur, however, disease usually develops late enough in
the season such that adverse effects on the health of trees are minimal. 3
Spider mites have piercing-sucking mouth parts that remove the
contents of individual plant cells. When a spider mite feeds on a leaf,
tiny yellow or white speckles form on the leaf ’s surfaces. If many
feeding marks form in the same area, the foliage takes on a bronze cast,
this is referred to as stippling. Defoliation can then follow. To verify
spider mite activity, consider using the “beating-tray” method. Place a
white paper underneath the branch you suspect has an infestation, and
then shake the branch. To make the spider mites more visible on the
paper, use your finger to lightly smash and smear the mites – mushed
mites appear as greenish-brown streaks. 1 Reddish streaks are typically
beneficial mites.
Eriophyid rust mites (Nalepella sp.and Epitrimerus sp.) are also active in
the fall as well as early spring.. Rust mites can be found on hemlock,
fir, spruce and baldcypress.
Tubakia Leaf spot (photo courtesy: Deborah Miller, Davey Institute)
Unlike the eriophyids that produce plant galls, rust mites are “freeliving,” meaning they can survive on the surface of their host’s foliage.
Stippling and yellowing of needles on spruces and hemlocks are often
attributed to spruce spider mites, but eriophyids may actually be
the cause of damage. A microscope is often required to distinguish
between spider mite and rust mite feeding. 2
CEUs at Home continued on page 18
17
CEUs at Home continued from page 17
Squirrels
Ohio’s squirrel population is busy gathering food and plumping
up for the winter. During fall, as squirrel’s switch their focus from
reproduction to winter reserves, they clip twigs and strip bark from
branches.
Twig clipping is just what it sounds like; the squirrel clips a twig,
usually at the end of a branch, and lets it fall to the ground. The end
result of this squirrel activity is a scattering of clipped twigs on the
ground below the tree. Beech and oak trees are especially susceptible
to twig clipping because squirrels want easy access to nuts. By knocking
branches to the ground, gathering nuts becomes an easier task. Bark
stripping can be quite alarming as the squirrel literally strips or chews
off sections of bark from tree branches. Squirrels do this for various
reasons, including food, water, and reinforcing their winter nests.
Squirrel damage on Beech (Jennifer Milbrandt)
References
1 David J. Sheltar, “Spider Mites and their Control,” The Ohio State
University Extension. OSU Fact Sheet, 2011. http://ohioline.osu.
edu/hyg-fact/2000/pdf/2012.pdf.
2 Joseph F. Boggs, et al. “Insect and Mite Activity noted in Ohio
Nurseries & landscapes: 2003,” Special Circular Ohio Agricultural
Research & Development Center 193: 33-53.
3 Gail Ruhl, Picture of the Week. Purdue University Department of
Botany & Plant Pathology , June 2006 https://www.ppdl.purdue.
edu/PPDL/weeklypics/8-14-06.html
4 Ohio State University Extension. Buckeye Yard & Garden
Online. The Ohio State University Ohio State Extension: Hort
Shorts, October 3, 2013 https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/
resource/717/05/
Squirrel actively stripping bark (Jennifer Milbrandt)
News from National
Ohio Chapter Recognized – During the 2015 ISA Annual
International Conference, Chapter Council of Representatives
(CoR) liaison Mark Hoenigman received a Participation Award for
participating in at least 75 percent of CoR outreach efforts in 2014.
Executive Director Dixie Russell was one of only fifteen components to
receive the Overall ISA Component Participation Award; recognizing
her and Mark for attending and participating in 75 percent or more of
the combined CoR and Component Executive outreach efforts.
Call for Papers – ISA is seeking presentation proposals for the 2016
ISA Annual International Conference in Fort Worth, Texas, August
13-17. Abstract proposal will be accepted through Friday, December 4.
International Tree Climbing Championship – The ISA has announced
a new strategic plan for separating its annual international conference
and the International Tree Climbing Championship (ITCC).
After careful consideration, the ISA Board approved a new format
that creates greater opportunities for involving ISA chapters, associate
organizations, and members and also increases opportunity for public
outreach.
ISA leadership believes that holding the events independently provides
flexibility in selection of locations, facilities, and dates that are best
suited for the growth and success of both events, which may result in
18
them occurring at different times of year and in different locations
altogether. This flexibility moves ISA toward being able to deliver better
benefits to a wider audience, reaching more people within the industry
and among the general public.
“With the events separated, ISA will be able to better allocate human
and financial resources to organize events that meet our strategic goals
and provide even more educational opportunities and interaction
with our members,” says Jim Skiera, the executive director of
ISA. “Separation also allows capacity to build out a greater public
engagement experience with our tree climbing championship.”
Without the time constraints of one annual event, ISA plans to offer
more educational workshops during the ITCC geared toward reaching
niche groups of the industry. In conjunction, an outdoor trade
show will provide additional opportunities for demonstrations and
networking among our members, vendors, and other industry partners.
More interactive educational activities will also be a key component in
order to attract the public and generate more exposure for the industry.
The 2016 ITCC event will be held April 2-3 in Brackenridge Park, San
Antonio, Texas.
For more information on news topics, please contact ISA.
Earn CEU’s at Home
CEU Test Registration Information
Must be completely filled out.
Name___________________________________________________________ Certification #____________
Company________________________________________________________________________________
Address_________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Phone ________________________ E-mail ___________________________________________________
Signature________________________________________________________________Date____________
Diagnosing Soil Problems Test Questions
To receive continuing education unit (CEU) credit for home study of this article after you have read it, circle the appropriate answers on the test below. A passing
score is 8 correct answers. Next, complete the registration information above, including your certification number & signature, on this answer form and send it to
Ohio Chapter ISA, 1100-H Brandywine Blvd, Zanesville, Ohio 43701-7303. The answer form must be postmarked no later than October 31, 2015 to be valid.
A photocopy of the answer form is not acceptable. You must be a current member of the Ohio Chapter ISA for your CEU test to be processed. You will
be notified only if you do not pass. If you do not pass, you may not re-take the test. This test will qualify for ISA CEUs.
1. Eriophyid mites are the only cause of needle discoloration on white 7. Rust mites can be found on all but the following:
pine in the fall?
a.Hemlock
a.True
b.Fir
b.False
c.Juniper
d.Spruce
2. Squirrel clip twigs in the Autumn to
a. Mark their territory
8. Which of these oak is the least susceptible to Tubakia leaf spot:
b. Attract a mate
a. Black oak
c. Easily access food
b. White Oak
c. Red Oak
3. Tubakia Leaf Spot is an early season disease on oak that has adverse
d. Pin Oak
effects on tree health.
a.True
9. Spruce spider mites can be found on all types of conifers: spruce,
b.False
pines, junipers and arbor vitae.
a.True
4. Squirrels strip bark from trees for all the following except:
b.False
a.Food
b.Water
10. A microscope is often required to distinguish between spider mite
c. Reinforcing their winter nest
and rust mite feeding
d. Marking their territory
a.True
b.False
5. Spruce spider mite populations can be verified by using which of
the following methods:
a. Beating tray method
b. Bait traps
c.Sugaring
6. Needle drop is where the inner needles of the white pine turn
yellow and drop off
a.True
b.False
19
The Buckeye Arborist
1100-H Brandywine Blvd
Zanesville, Ohio 43701
Phone: (614) 771-7494
Fax: (740) 452-2552
[email protected]
www.ohiochapterisa.org
CHANGE SERVICE REQUESTED
835/0915/260
PRSRT STD
U.S. POSTAGE
PAID
COLUMBUS, OH
PERMIT NO. 8755

THE BUCKEYE - Ohio Chapter ISA

Transcription

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