docterminology 101
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terminology 101
TERMINOLOGY 101 TERMINOLOGY 101 Edward P. Mulligan, PT, DPT, OCS, SCS, ATC Planes, Motions, and Positions MOTION PLANE Ê Assistant Professor Professor;; Residency Chair UT Southwestern School of Health Professions Department of Physical Therapy – Dallas, TX the plane in which the anatomical segment is moving AXIS OF MOTION Ê The contents of this presentation are copyrighted © 2002 by continuing ED. ED. They may not be utilized, reproduced, stored, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from Edward P. Mulligan Mulligan.. Ê continuing ED the pivot about which motion takes place or an imaginary line passing through the center of a body about which a rotating body turns this pivot is always perpendicular to the direction of motion continuing ED TERMINOLOGY 101 TERMINOLOGY 101 Cardinal Plane Motions of the Foot-Ankle SAGITTAL PLANE When promulgating your esoteric cogitations or articulating your superficial sentimentalities and amicable philosophical and psychological observations, beware of platitudinous ponderosity ponderosity.. Ê Plantar--Dorsiflexion Plantar FRONTAL PLANE Let your verbal explanations have lucidity, intelligibility and veracious vivacity without rodomontade or thespian bombast. Ê Inversion--Eversion Inversion TRANSVERSE PLANE Sedulously avoid all polysyllabic profundity, pompous propensity, and sophomoric vacuity Ê Abd--Adduction Abd continuing ED continuing ED TERMINOLOGY 101 TERMINOLOGY 101 Planes, Motions, and Positions Planes, Motions, and Positions SINGLE PLANE MOTION SAGITTAL PLANE Ê • divides the body into right and left halves FRONTAL PLANE Ê divides the body into anterior and posterior halves TRIPLANAR MOTION TRANSVERSE PLANE Ê motion taking place in a cardinal plane with the axis of motion parallel to the other two cardinal planes • divides the body into superior and inferior halves continuing ED motion which occurs simultaneously in all three cardinal planes continuing ED TERMINOLOGY 101 MOTION TERMINOLOGY 101 Planes, Motions, and Positions CLOSED CHAIN MOTION (Weight Bearing) Ê DORSIFLEXION • sagittal plane motion where distal approximates the proximal motion in which the distal end segment is fixed OPEN CHAIN MOTION (Non (Non--Weight Bearing) Ê motion in which the distal end segment is free PLANTARFLEXION • sagittal plane motion where distal separates from the proximal Making Jargon from Kinetic and Kinematic Chains Richard DeFabio, Editor; JOSPT 29(3): 142142-143, 1999 continuing ED continuing ED TERMINOLOGY 101 MOTION TERMINOLOGY 101 Suffixes ION ING ED US INVERSION Motion • frontal plane motion where plantar surface moves toward the midline Movement EVERSION • frontal plane motion where plantar surface moves away from midline Position Fixed Structural continuing ED …. terminology 101 MOTION (ion) MOVEMENT (ing) POSITION (ed) FIXED DEFORMITY (us) Invers ion Invert ing Invert ed Var us Evers ion g Evert ing Evert ed Valg g us Dorsiflex ion Dorsiflex ion Dorsiflex ed Calcane us Plantarflex ion Plantarflex ing Plantarflex ed Equin us Abduct ion Abduct ing Abduct ed Abduct us Adduct ion Adduct ing Adduct ed Adduct us continuing ED continuing ED MOTION TERMINOLOGY 101 ABDUCTION • transverse plane motion of distal part away p y from the midline ADDUCTION • transverse plane motion of distal part toward the midline continuing ED MOTION TERMINOLOGY 101 PRONATION GAIT TERMINOLOGY 101 CONTACT PHASE Ê • triplanar motion at STJ of OKC ¾ Dorsiflexion ¾ Abduction ¾ Eversion MIDSTANCE Ê Ê • triplanar motion at STJ of OKC ANGLE OF GAIT - angle formed by a line from bisection of the plantar surface of the foot and direction of locomotion • BASE OF GAIT - distance between the step of one side to that of the other • STEP - distance covered from a given point on one foot to the same point on the other foot • STRIDE - distance covered by one swing phase of gait • CADENCE - number of step per unit of time heel off to toe off SWING Ê pre (acceleration) - mid (toe clearance) terminal (deceleration) continuing ED continuing ED GAIT TERMINOLOGY 101 • foot flat to heel off PROPULSION SUPINATION ¾ Plantarflexion ¾ Adduction ¾ Inversion heel contact to foot flat (forefoot loading weight acceptance STRUCTURAL TERMINOLOGY 101 • RAY - metatarsal bone and its articulating cuneiform • MEDIAL PILLAR (column) - talus, navicular, cuneiforms, and rays 1-2-3 123 • LATERAL PILLAR (column) - calcaneus, cuboid, and rays 4-5 continuing ED GAIT TERMINOLOGY 101 • DOUBLE LIMB SUPPORT - phase of gait when both feet are on the ground • SINGLE LIMB SUPPORT - that phase of gait when g one foot is on the ground • FLOAT - that phase of gait in which neither foot is on the ground • STANCE PHASE - heel contact to toe off on one limb (60%) • SWING PHASE - toe off to heel contact on one limb (40%) continuing ED STRUCTURAL TERMINOLOGY 101 • REARFOOT • talus and calcaneus • MIDFOOT • navicular, cuboid, and cuneiforms • FOREFOOT • metatarsal and phalanges STRUCTURAL TERMINOLOGY 101 • PES (talipes) - foot • PES CAVUS - high arched foot • PES PLANUS - low arched foot • TORSION - twist in a bone or soft tissue along its longitudinal axis • VERSION - inclination or tilt continuing ED …. terminology 101 ACCELERATION – concentric vs. DECELERATION - eccentric STABILIZATION – isometric vs. DISLOCATION - disarticulation SUBLUXATION – separation vs. SPLAY - excessive laxity or ROM DEFORMITY - change from normal structure COMPENSATION - adaptive change in structure or function ABNORMAL COMPENSATION – abnormal change in structural alignment, position, or movement continuing ED
