BMW Clubs Canada - Trillium Advanced Driving School Welcome

BMW Clubs Canada - Trillium
Advanced Driving School
Welcome Package 2012
Mosport-Canadian Tire Motorsport Park Edition
Version: 1.2 Final
(Updated: Sept. 2012)
Table of Contents
3
The Road To Mosport
4
Directions
5
Important: Notes on Vehicles
6
The Lists: What Should I Bring?
7 Your Pre-event Tasks Are . . .
8 What Can I Expect at the Track?
9 Advanced Driving School Procedures
12 Paddock Rules and Etiquette
13
Coming from the United States
15 Waiver of Liability and Release
16 Technical Inspection Form
17 THE ART AND SCIENCE OF HIGH PERFORMANCE DRIVING
17
Cockpit
18 Basic Skills
20
Car Dynamics
21
Cornering
27
Ocular Driving Techniques
28
Glossary
29
Group Exercises
30
Shallow Entry Turning Exercises
31
Flag Signals
2
The Road To
Mosport-Canadian Tire Motorsport Park
Welcome!
The BMW Car Club of Canada, Trillium Chapter is pleased to host an Advanced Driving
School at one of Canada’s most prestigious and storied race tracks, Mosport-Canadian Tire
Motorsport Park (or Mosport-CTMP). The facility is located just north of Oshawa, in
Clarington, Ontario.
The purpose of our BMW Advanced Driving Schools is to instruct students in the art of
advanced driving technique which we can guarantee, you will not only enjoy, but it will make
you a much better and more confident and safer driver for the street. Whether you have
attended our schools before, or other similar schools, you can be assured that there is always
more to learn and experience. Driving well all starts with a “feel” for the car.
We encourage you to take the time to read through this student package. There is information
covering many facets of an Advanced Driving School.
On behalf of the Club’s Board of Directors, I welcome you to our Advanced Driving School.
Safe and happy motoring. See you at the track!
Sincerely,
Isidore Papadopoulos,
President, Trillium Chapter
BMW Clubs of Canada
3
Directions
From Toronto and Points West
1. Take the Hwy 401 East past Oshawa to Bowmanville.
(Watch for the signs to Mosport Park on the right hand shoulder of the Hwy 401).
You will get off at Exit # 431 (Waverley Road).
2. Go LEFT (NORTH) back over the Hwy 401. This is Waverley Road that becomes Durham Regional
Rd. 57. Continue up Durham 57 (about 25 km).
3. Turn RIGHT on Durham 20. (You will pass under some high voltage power lines right before
Durham 20).
4. Continue on Durham 20 for 3-4 km. Watch for the Mosport signs.
5. Turn RIGHT unto Concession Rd 10. You will see the racetrack wall on the right-hand - the
Mosport Oval and the Mosport Driver Development Track come first, then Mosport International
Raceway (where our schools take place).
6. Go past the Registration Center, on driver’s right. Turn RIGHT into the PASS GATE (Gate #3 ) and
sign the Waiver.
7. At the fork in the road; cars stay to the right and go through the 2-way TUNNEL and on into the
Parking Area. Trucks with trailers go to the right, into the new tunnel to enter the paddock.
From Montreal and points East
1. Take the Hwy 401 West past the Hwy 115 exit (Exit # 436). (Watch for the signs to Mosport (or
Canadian Tire Motorsports) Park on the right hand shoulder of the Hwy 401). You will get off at Exit
# 431 (Waverley Road).
2. Follow the above directions Do not speed as Durham and OPP police officers are waiting to take
your license.
From Buffalo, NY
1. Take Interstate 190 toward Niagara Falls to the Queenston-Lewiston Bridge to cross from New
York into Ontario. Take Highway 405 West towards Toronto. Merge onto the Queen Elizabeth Way
(QEW) towards Toronto (east). Follow the QEW East to Highway 427 and head north. Merge from
Highway 427 to Highway 401 East. Take Highway 401 East to Highway 57 Bowmanville (exit 431).
Follow Highway 57 north to Durham Road 20 and turn right (east). Continue on Durham Road 20
to Concession Road 10 and turn right. Mosport is on the right hand side of Concession Road 10.
By GPS
1. Mosport-CTMP GPS Coordinates are 44.055472, -78.678482
2. Enter Clarington as the city, not Bowmanville.
Gas Stations Near Mosport-CTMP
Please Note: There is no pump-grade gasoline for purchase at the track. The nearest gas station is
approximately a 30 min round trip from the track. You can purchase high-octane race fuel (>94, very
expensive) at the “Gas Bar” right on site at Mosport-CTMP.
As soon as you exit the 401 at Exit #431 (Waverly Rd = Regional Rd 57) there will be a Shell gas
station. A little further north on Regional Rd 57 you will find a Sunoco gas station which sells 94
Octane fuel.
Accommodation Suggestions
There are numerous hotels and B&B’s in the area. For a complete list please see www.mosport.com,
then click on Visitor Info.
Camping
Camping is available at the track. Important: If you are camping at the track you need to know that
the gate will be locked at 11 PM. You will not be able to enter or leave the track after 11:00 PM.
Camping Rules are as follows:
1. Keep all vehicles off the race track.
2. Observe QUIET HOURS from 11:00 PM to 8:00 AM. Please turn off all music and generators
during quiet hours, and keep conversation levels at a minimum.
3. Keep campsite safe and clean. Keep fires to a reasonable size and place your garbage in the
containers provided.
4. For assistance, feel free to stop security during their drive-bys, or go to any staffed gate.
5. Pets allowed as long as they are on leash.
4
Important: Notes on Vehicles
To maintain a safe environment for all, the following guidelines are used for all participants and their
vehicles.
1.
Race cars or “track day” vehicles are allowed in the student run groups with prior approval
from the Chief Driving Instructor.
2.
Race cars or “track day” vehicles are allowed in the instructor and lapping student run groups
with prior approval from the Chief Driving Instructor.
3.
Student vehicles require a Vehicle technical inspection by a licensed technician.
4.
No timing devices are allowed in student, instructor or lapping vehicles.
5.
Convertibles and cars with Folding Tops must have factory equipped rollover protection.
Alternatively, convertibles may have a roll cage installed. If a roll cage is installed, it must meet
the specifications of a sanctioned racing body such as CASC or BMW CCA Club Racing.
6.
Passing will be indicated by arm signals (point by) or turn signal as determined by the Chief
Driving Instructor(s).
7.
Driver side and passenger side windows will be all the way down. You will be given instructions
at the morning drivers meeting.
The use of a timing device by students and instructors is prohibited at our schools. Video / datalogging systems may be allowed at the discretion of the Chief Driving Instructor. Any such device must
be securely mounted and out of the driver’s line of sight. Equipment must not be adjusted or
manipulated while the vehicle is on the track.
Instructors Driving STUDENT Vehicles
For Novice and Intermediate drivers, for the first three laps at a slow pace (6/10ths or less) during the
first session on the track the instructor will drive the student’s car. This gives the student a chance to
familiarize themselves with the track layout. Mosport is challenging track with large elevation changes
and decreasing radius turns.
If there are a large number of first time students in the Novice run group, the first Novice session may
be run under a FULL COURSE YELLOW (reduced speed, NO passing) at the Chief Instructor’s
discretion. IF the first Novice session is run under a FULL COURSE YELLOW, students and their
instructors may complete the session without wearing helmets.
Helmets MUST be worn by students and instructors at ALL other times when they are on the track.
Later in the day, take a ride with your Instructor in their car. The instructor will be able to demonstrate
the concepts that are presented in the classroom: braking, acceleration, the correct line and so on. If
you would like your instructor to drive your car at any time other than the first session at a much faster
pace, the Chief Instructor MUST be informed. Any instructor driving a student’s vehicle MUST have
the student in the passenger seat. There are NO exceptions to this requirement.
5
The Lists: What Should I Bring?
A List of Required Items
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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COMPLETED FORMS: 1. Trillium Chapter Waiver of Liability Form, 2. Vehicle Technical Inspection
Form. Do not forget either document.
VALID DOCUMENTS: 1. Drivers License*, 2. Vehicle Ownership, 3. Insurance Policy Certificate
Helmet. For the 2012 season, we will accept helmets with the following certifications: Snell
SA-2010, M-2010, Snell SA-2005 or M-2005. Please note that SA2000 and M2000 certified
helmets are no longer allowed at any track event run by the BMW CC. Helmets are available for
rent.
Torque Wrench. If you have a torque wrench, bring it. You will be checking wheel-nut torque
throughout the day. Fellow drivers are often willing to loan you a wrench so don’t be afraid to ask.
Tire pressure gauge. A good tire pressure gauge will help you keep your tires at the proper
inflation pressure.
Sunglasses. Nothing like a bright burst of sun in your eyes when doing high speed driving to
distract you.
Paper towels and glass cleaner. Helps to keep the windscreen free of dead bugs.
Snug fitting, low-cut, lace-up shoes. No high top sneakers or boots. Bring comfortable, loose
fitting clothing. Long, cotton pants (e.g., blue jeans) are required and long sleeve cotton shirts are
recommended while driving. No synthetic fabrics. Wearing synthetic fabrics while driving on track
is prohibited. This is a safety issue and exceptions are not allowed.
For our friends from the USA, you’ll need one of the following documents to cross the border:
Passport, Nexus card or enhanced drivers’ license.
* - Documents must be valid in the province of Ontario and up to date.
A List of Suggested Items
If you have any room left in the trunk. A collapsible chair and a folding canopy can enhance your day
whether confronted with rain or bright sunshine.
• Refreshments. A cooler full of water or Gatorade are idea. Pack some light snacks to munch on
throughout the day. Remember to drink plenty of fluids during the day.
• Lunch at the Track. The track concession stand will be open for breakfast and lunch. Be aware
that there are no amenities within reasonable distance from the track. If you decide to have lunch
elsewhere, you will likely arrive back late for the afternoon sessions.
• Portable chair. Somewhere else to sit besides your car.
• Rain Guard. Something to protect your belongings if it rains e.g. a plastic box.
• Hand tools. Nice to have if something goes wrong (however, there will be plenty of people around
that can lend tools if the need arises).
• A small collection of spare parts. Coolant hoses, hose clamps, etc. A car has 7000 parts. If the
wrong 1 breaks, its a useless lump.
• An inexpensive hydraulic jack. Makes rotating tires and swapping brake pads easier, quicker,
and safer than the scissors jack that came with your car. Again, there will be plenty around if you
need one.
• Front brake pads. Bring a spare set for your car (or tow vehicle) should the ones on the car get
too thin. This should not be a problem for most students. But if you DO wear through your pads,
you’ll be glad you brought a spare set with you.
• Rain-X Tip. Everyone knows how well Rain-X helps repel water but did you know if you apply a
coat of Rain-X, let it dry, then buff it off your windshield water will seem to slide off your windshield
all by itself.
• Duct tape. What can’t this incredible material fix?
6
Your Pre-Event Tasks Are . . .
Waiver of Liability Form. Read it. Understand it. Ask questions if you don’t understand. Sign it when
you do.
Tech Inspection. Make sure that you have this completed a reasonable time before the event (2-3
weeks). Have your car tech inspected early so you have time to correct any problems that may be
identified. Get your form signed by the technician completing the work.
Watch It! During the time leading up to the event at Mosport, novice and intermediate students may
find it helpful to watch videos of laps taken at the track. YouTube is an excellent source of vides of
Mosport laps. Watch the videos to learn about Mosport’s turns and major elevation changes.
Read It! Spend some time reading through the student package before you get to the track. If
anything doesn’t make sense to you, remember to ask about it in the classroom or the paddock. If
you’re confused about something, chances are others will be, too. They will appreciate your taking the
initiative.
Check It! Check the weather forecast in the Bowmanville area in the days leading up to the driving
event. The expected weather will directly affect your choice of clothing and or protective gear.
Prep It! Get the car packed early and try to get a good night’s rest. You will have 4 x 25 minute
sessions per day, which doesn’t seem long, but by the time you reach the last 2 sessions, you will
start to feel tired. High Performance driving can take more out of the driver than the car. Plus, last
minute preparation is a surefire way to forget something important.
The Pressure. Each car and tire combination is slightly different when it comes to tire pressure which
is why there is no single answer to give on what pressure to set. In the morning, when your tires are
cold, and before you hit the highway to Mosport, increase pressure about 3-4psi above manufacture’s
recommendation. While not a pre-event task, it is suggested you take your tire temp after your second
session, in which you will be driving faster. You should notice a dramatic rise in pressure (sometimes
up to 7psi depending on car and tire). A typical trick for determining good pressure is to draw a chalk
mark over the outside edge of the tread to the sidewall. Good pressure should see the tread chalk
mark gone while the sidewall mark remains. Too high, a portion of the tread’s chalk mark remains. Too
low, a portion of the sidewall’s chalk mark is gone. Adjust in 2 psi increments.
7
What Can I Expect At The Track?
Look for the BMW-Trillum sign. Mosport-CTMP has 3 tracks and 3 entrances. We are not meeting at
the go-kart track so don’t go there. While the average age of participants there is 12, their ridicule is
fierce! The track gates open at approximately 7:30 A.M. You will be asked to sign a waiver at the gates
by track employees. Drive to the large paddock area through the tunnel. DO: Find a parking spot and
proceed immediately to the event registration desk in the white building on the left. DO NOT: Stand
around yacking with buddies before registration in parking lot. Yack with buddies waiting in line to
register. Registration starts at 7:15 am and will continue for about one hour.
Registration: Saturday Registration starts at 7:30 AM and concludes by 8 AM. General Meeting
starts at 8 AM. Please do not come late.
Bring your vehicle technical inspection form with you. Students will not be allowed to drive if they
do not have proof that their car has passed a pre-event technical inspection by a certified technician /
mechanic. There will be no exceptions and no refunds. Do not forget the tech inspection form!
If all of your paperwork is in order, you will be asked to sign a second waiver (this one for the Club)
and you will be given your registration package, which includes your schedule for the event, instructor
assignment, car numbers and a wristband. Put the wristband on your left wrist and don’t take it off
until the event is over (that means the WHOLE weekend!). The wristband tells everyone that you’re
supposed to be there. No one drives without a wristband. Any guests you bring with you will have to
sign in at the track entrance and get a special visitors’ wristband.
Once registration is complete, either we will have a driver’s meeting or you will have time to go back to
your car and clear the interior cabin of loose items before the driver’s meeting. Items to clear from the
cabin may include, but are not limited to, CD’s, portable navigation systems, iPods, water bottles,
lighters, coffee cups, cans, firearms, spouses, children, etc. Completely clear out map pockets, glove
box, ashtrays, etc. If your floor mats are not anchored to the floor (e.g. Toyota/ Lexus), remove them.
Clear your trunk of anything that is not bolted down. Remove any wheel-covers or hubcaps. Check tire
pressure (fill if under-inflated) and torque your wheel nuts to an appropriate setting using a torque
wrench. For most BMW’s with 17mm lug nuts, the appropriate wheel torque setting is approximately
87 - 89 ft/lbs (E30 87 lbs/ft, E36 and newer 89 ft/lb). If you don’t have a torque wrench, ask around
and someone will help you.
Your helmet will be inspected to ensure that it is Snell certified SA- 2005/M-2005 or better. Cracked or
otherwise damaged helmets are unsafe and will not be accepted.
Check mirrors and glass to ensure all are clean. To obtain the best results from the Rain-X or similar
product, it should be applied to a dry windshield, allowed to dry and then buffed clear with a soft cloth
or paper towels. Read your schedule to know where you need to be next and LOOK FOR YOUR
INSTRUCTOR. While Mosport is the not the Fortress of Montezuma for first or second timers finding
things takes a bit of time. Please ask any questions you might have.
8
Advanced Driving School Procedures
Gridding Your Car
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You will be paged to bring your car to the staging area and be ready to go 10 minutes before
run time.
•
5 minutes before run time, fasten seat belt, secure helmet and warm up engine to operating
temperature.
•
Wait for your instructor to get into your car. If for some reason, your instructor does not show
up, stay in the car and raise your hand out the window. This will alert other drivers to go around
you – and also alert staff who will find your instructor.
Exit The Track After A Session
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Follow your instructor’s directions for exiting the track into the paddock area.
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Do not remove your seatbelt or helmet before you enter the paddock area.
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Do not block traffic when you drop off your instructor.
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Do not set your handbrake (may warp hot brakes).
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Keep speeds down in paddock area (e.g., under 10 mph).
Classroom / Debriefing Sessions
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Attendance is MANDATORY for ALL students. Attendance will be taken.
•
Students missing classroom sessions will lose track time.
Student Responsibilities
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As a participant at a Trillium BMW Club Driver’s School, you represent our club to the general
public. Please behave accordingly so as not to jeopardize our events or compromise the
reputation of the Trillium BMW Club and BMW Clubs Canada.
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Students must abide by all rules and regulations established by Trillium BMW Club and
Mosport-CTMP.
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You are expected to abide by all local traffic ordinances at all times while off the track
premises.
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Trillium BMW Club reserves the right to dismiss any student for violation of regulations or for
behavior detrimental to the drivers’ school.
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Be prompt for track sessions and classroom.
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Obey flags and track marshals at all times.
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Passing rules must be observed at all times.
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Passengers are never allowed on track in student’s cars.
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If you and your instructor have difficulty communicating, please ask the Chief Instructor for
help resolving the issue.
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Consumption of alcoholic beverages or other intoxicants is prohibited before or during the
event.
9
Advanced Driving School Procedures (continued)
Driving Rules
Please read the following instructions carefully.
1) SAFETY is the most important item.
2) Passing
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Watch your mirrors!
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Please follow the passing procedures outlined in the “Advanced Driver Training” program for
your run-group.
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Passing is allowed and expected in all “passing zones”.
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The driver of the car being overtaken controls the pass, and MUST signal with a separate
“point-bye” or turn signal for each overtaking car wishing to pass (Point-bye and turn signal
techniques and passing rules will be taught in the classroom session).
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Overtaking car normally goes off the driving “line”. Car being passed stays on the line, and
designates the side on which the pass should occur. BE PREDICTABLE: DO NOT PASS on the
side opposite the point-bye!
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Cars being overtaken are REQUIRED to give timely point-byes to faster vehicles. Allow passes
in a timely fashion, at the earliest safe opportunity. If you obstruct traffic by not giving pointbyes, you will be black-flagged by the marshals.
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When being passed, lift off the throttle, but DO NOT BRAKE.
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Responsibility for a safe pass falls primarily on the passing car; however, the passed car should
never do anything unexpected to interfere.
3) Traffic
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Avoid bunching up into “trains”.
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If you find yourself in a train behind a long line of cars, consider cooling it for a lap or two, or
pull into the pits for a very slow drive-through to separate from the group.
4) Concentrate On Technique
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Drive smoothly and on the “right line” (by definition, the line your instructor teaches you).
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Learn proper technique.
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Do not try for speed!! If you have the right line, speed comes automatically.
5) Red Flag: If you see a red flag at any station
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Pull to the side of the track (preferably off-line) and make a safe stop as quickly as possible,
bearing in mind that there might be other drivers who have not seen the flag coming up on you.
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Stop within sight of a flag marshal and wait until you are given a green or yellow flag to
proceed.
6) Black Flag: If a black flag is displayed and/or pointed at your car
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Acknowledge it with a wave or flash of the headlights.
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Proceed at a reduced speed and preferably off “line” around the track to the pits.
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Wait in the pits for an official to tell you what the problem is and how to proceed.
10
Advanced Driving School Procedures (continued)
7) If you have trouble:
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Always listen to your instructor!!
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If you lose control of your car, the best general rule is to “lock up” the brakes and disengage
the clutch until you are completely stopped (“both feet in”).
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If you are going to run off the track, drive off in a straight line. Do not make a futile attempt to
hold your car on track, resulting in sliding off sideways.
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Very important! If you drop wheels off the track surface, keep the wheel straight; do not try to
come back onto the track surface until after you have slowed considerably, and your instructor
says it is safe.
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Your chances of escaping unscathed by driving off under control are much better than by
fighting to stay on track.
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Stop within sight of a flag marshal and wait until you are given a green or yellow flag to procee
8) Checklist
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Before EACH driving session:
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Check wheel lug nuts for tightness (but not while wheels are hot).
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Check the oil level.
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Check the tire pressure (ask instructor for advice).
Sign-Offs
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No student can solo without being signed off by the instructor with approval from the Chief
Instructor.
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No solo driver is allowed on track without an event sign-off sticker displayed on their
windshield.
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We require instructors to be in all cars during the first session of each day.
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Signoffs may be cancelled due to inclement weather.
Parking
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Parking is available in the Paddock area, see the map above grid F-8
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Trailer parking is permitted in the Paddock area.
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Guests must park in the designated guest parking areas
Insurance
All participants are covered by Trillium BMW Club event liability insurance. This insurance does not
cover damage to your vehicle on or off the track. Damage may or may not be covered by your
personal automobile insurance policy; please consult your policy for any restrictions in such coverage.
11
Paddock Rules and Etiquette
As visitors to this facility we should always put our best foot forward. Here are some things we should
do in the paddock and in pit lane:
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Always drive slowly in the paddock area or down the pit lane. 15 km/h (10 mph) should be your
self imposed maximum.
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Keep the paddock area clean. There are waste cans placed around the paddock for waste
materials.
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If you spill oil, anti-freeze, or other chemicals clean up the spill. Many products are slippery and
spills create a safety hazard. They stain the pavement and leave the wrong impression of the
club and its participants. Track rental is a privilege.
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The Pit Lane is approximately three lanes wide. The “lane” closest to the pit will normally be
used as the staging area for the run groups as they prepare for their driving sessions.
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The “centre” lane is used to drive through the pits to exit the track.
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The “lane” closest to the paddock may or may not have parked vehicles, usually the instructors
cars. This lane is generally not for parking.
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Garages are not available at Mosport. Come prepared to protect yourself and your belongings
from inclement weather.
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No alcoholic beverages are to be consumed anywhere at the track between the hours of 6 am
and 5:00pm.
(Violators will be asked to leave.)
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Dogs must be kept leashed at all times everywhere.
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Do not block other cars. Leave your keys in the car so that it can be moved in an emergency.
12
Coming from The United States?
Border Crossing Tips
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Have Identification: For US citizens, passports, NEXUS cards, or enhanced driver’s licenses are
required. Either way, you should bring a second proof of citizenship in the form of government
issued ID (e.g., passport, official birth certificate, driver’s license). DO NOT PHOTOCOPY your
birth certificate. At minimum, this will raise red flags, and could get fraud and identity theft
charges brought against you. Bring an original birth certificate with you; it should have the
city’s seal impressed into the paper, and possibly a watermark.
•
Non-US citizens need a passport and, in many cases, a visa to enter Canada. Please check
with Canadian Cus- toms well beforehand.
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Have Answers: These are the “most frequently asked questions” at Canadian Customs. If the
questions you are asked stray much from this, the examiner may be suspicious of something.
Each person in the vehicle is usually expected to answer at least one question. You may not be
asked all of these questions.
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Where were you born?
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Citizen of what country?
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Where do you live (city/state)?
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Where are you going?
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How long will you stay?
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What is the purpose of your visit? (NOTE to Instructors: Do NOT volunteer any
information that could be construed as fee for service. You are a “fee-paying participant
at a driving school”. If asked, you are NOT receiving anything in return (e.g., track time)
for your service.
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What do you have to declare?
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What are you bringing into Canada?
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Don’t joke, stall, or act up in any way (but speak up clearly)...and don’t lie. The examiner wants
to move you through within seconds...don’t give a cause for a delay.
•
Have an Inventory: Because many of you will be bringing tools and items that the normal
tourist would not, it is best to have those items inventoried on a sheet of paper that you can
present to the Border crossing agent on request. Inventory any items of values (tools, wheels
and tires, track car, toolbox, etc.). It is important that the agent understand the tools you are
bringing with you are for your personal (hobby) use, and you will not be work- ing for profit with
them.
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You Are Allowed to Bring: 200 Cigarettes, 50 cigars, 7 ounces of tobacco, 1.1 liters of wine or
liquor [21 or over], 24 12-ounce bottles of beer [21 or over], Gifts valued at no more than $60
CAD. Dogs and cats may be brought in provided that you have documentation from your
licensed veterinarian accurately describing your animal and that it has had rabies vaccination in
the past 36 months. Collar tags alone don’t count. This same documentation must also be
provided when returning through US Customs. Seeing-eye dogs are allowed in without
problems.
13
Coming from The United States continued ...
Don’t Bring:
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Professional tools, parts, etc that hint that you might work in Canada. You may be required to
obtain a work permit. Items not declared may be seized. This may include professional photo or
electronic gear.
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Firearms: You will be denied admission without Canadian permits.
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Illegal Drugs: Don’t be stupid.
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Prescription Drugs: If you have prescription drugs be sure they are well labeled with
documentation.
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Gasoline in Jugs: Per members that have crossed the border with track cars previously, fuel in
plastic jugs are not allowed across the border. Fill your vehicle in the US and ensure your plastic
fuel jugs are empty.
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Radar Detectors: Leave the V1, they are illegal in select provinces and will be confiscated.
Driving Your Car to the Track: Personal driver’s license and registration are a must. Auto insurance
card showing you have liability insurance in Canada. If you get in an accident you will be required
to prove you have coverage in Canada. Do not enter without liability coverage for your vehicle.
Towing Your Car to the Track: Ensure you have all of the above information listed in “Driving your
car to the track” for your tow vehicle and trailer. In additional have proof of ownership ready for
your track car as well. If you have a vehicle with a large inventory of replacement parts (motor,
transmission, etc.) a border agent may also ask for proof of legal purchase of those items (to insure
the parts were not stolen).
DWI Conviction: Canadian authorities are reported to be refusing admission to drivers with a DWI
conviction in the USA. Such records are available to border guards and may show convictions as
far back as 20 years. Those with such convictions may be able to get a waiver for up to 30 days
visitation. A single DWI conviction may be permanently expunged from the Canadian computers
via application. The law, which has been in effect since 1978, has not been evenly or consistently
enforced. Please contact Canadian Immigration or your nearest Canadian Consulate.
Re-Entry To US Within 48 Hours Of Leaving: Goods purchased must be for personal or household
use. Exemption is individual and cannot be grouped with other family members. Goods free of
duty up to the value of $200 in U.S. funds. Also, ten cigars, 50 cigarettes and four fluid ounces of
alcohol or perfume containing alcohol, may be included. Cuban tobacco of any kind is prohibited
into the United States regardless of where it was purchased. If limits are exceeded you are subject
to duty and taxes.
Re-Entry To US After 48 Hours or More: Every 30 days, you may bring in goods free of duty up to
the value of $400 (each person) in U.S. funds. Family members may make a joint declaration and
combine their personal exemptions even if the articles acquired by one member of the family
exceeds the person exemption allowed (family members must live in the same household and
return together to the United States. Your exemption is not cumulative. If you use any portion of
your exemption on entering the U.S., you must wait 30 days before you are entitled to another
exemption (other than the $200 exemption for within 48 hours detailed above). If you go over the
exemptions you are subject to duty and taxes. For more information, please visit: http://
www.cbp.gov/
14
BMW Clubs Canada –
Trillium Chapter Waiver of Liability and Release
In consideration of the agreement by BMW CLUBS CANADA, TRILLIUM CHAPTER, (hereinafter called the
‘Club’) to permit me to participate in the Advanced Driving School / Lapping / BMWCCA BimmerWorld Club
Race School scheduled to be held at Mosport International Raceway (the ‘Venue’) on
_______________________________ (hereinafter called the ‘Event’), I hereby agree as follows:
1. I hereby knowingly and voluntarily waive forever any and all liability on the part of the Club and I covenant not
to use or institute any claim of whatever kind against the Club or its affiliates including but not limited to its
officers, directors, members, Insurers, successors or assigns (hereinafter collectively referred to as Sponsor),
resulting from or arising out of or in conjunction with my attendance at or participation in the Event. (Initial
__________)
2. I hereby knowingly and voluntarily assume full responsibility for the risk of bodily injury, death or property
damage incurred by me as a result of my action, the actions of any other driver or other third party, or any
accident, act of God or act or failure to act of sponsor, in connection with my attendance at or participation in
the Event. (Initial__________)
3. This Waiver of Liability and Release shall be binding upon me and my personal representatives, assigns,
heirs and next of kin. (Initial __________)
4. I expressly agree that by executing this Waiver of Liability and Release, I intend to make and be bound by as
broad and inclusive a waiver of liability as is permitted by law, and that if any portion of this Waiver of Liability
and Release is held invalid, it is my intent that the relevant balance of this Waiver of Liability and Release
shall nonetheless continue in full legal force and effect. Notwithstanding anything contained herein, this
Waiver of Liability and Release shall not operate to exempt anyone from responsibility for any fraud
perpetrated against me or willful injury to my person or property. (Initial __________)
5. I understand that my automobile insurance policy may be void while participating in this event. (Initial _____)
6. I understand that the event insurance procured by the Club does not cover damage to my own vehicle or
personal property. Any damage to my vehicle or property, whether incurred as a result of my actions or for any
other reason, is my own responsibility. (Initial __________)
7. I hereby acknowledge and agree that no representations, statements, warranties or inducements, oral or
written, have been made to me by a Sponsor or any one action on a Sponsor’s behalf and I am over 18 years
of age. (Initial __________)
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I HAVE READ AND VOLUNTARILY EXECUTED THIS WAIVER OF LIABILITY AND
RELEASE AGREEMENT
Dated at: ________________________________________ this ________day of _________________, 2012
.............................................................. Signed: x .......................................................................................
Witness
Participant’s Signature
Print Name: .....................................................................................
EMERGENCY CONTACT: Name (Please Print) / Phone # (incl Area Code)
Contact Name
Contact Phone #
Contact Address
Is Emergency Contact at the Track? YES
NO
(Please circle one)
Please list any medical allergies or physical conditions that the event organizers should be aware
of: ....................................................................................................................................................................
STUDENT
INSTRUCTOR
HELPER/VOLUNTEER (Please Circle one)
Driver’s License #: ................................................ Prov / State: ................... Expiry Date: ..............................
BMWCC Waiver of Liability and Release document Revised: June 21, 2012
15
BMW Club of Canada – Trillium Chapter
Technical Inspection Form
This form must be completed and signed by a licensed mechanic who has inspected and
approved the following (Please check off each item):
SUSPENSION
BRAKES
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
___
SHOCKS - good condition, no leaks
SPRINGS - intact, none broken
SUSPENSION BUSHINGS - solid,
without play, cracks or tears
WHEEL BEARINGS - proper play, spin
freely, no noise
STEERING LINKAGE - tight, no play
LOWER CONTROL ARMS (E30/E36) no play in ball joints, recommend
changing every 3 years!!
TIRES – all four of the same brand and type,
correct speed rating, good
condition, tread above wear bars
BODY AND ELECTRICAL
___
___
___
___
___
PEDAL - firm
LINES - no leaks
CALIPERS - secure
FLUID - not older than 6 mo.
DUCTS - recommended
LINING – minimum 50% pad
thickness required
ENGINE AND DRIVE TRAIN
ROLL BAR - required for open cars
BATTERY - secure
SEATS - secure
LIGHTS AND SIGNALS - all functioning
properly
SEAT BELTS - all belts secure and in
good condition
___
___
___
___
___
___
MOTOR MOUNTS - secure,
no cracks or leaks
DRIVE LINE - secure
OIL LEAKS - none serious
DRIVE BELTS - all are in
excellent condition
EXHAUST - secure and in
good condition
INTAKE - not open to
atmosphere
INSPECTOR’S COMMENTS
Make/Model/Year of Car __________________________
Province/State/Plate #
Engine (cylinders) _______
__________________________
The car identified above was inspected on ______________________ __and found to be in
compliance with the requirements set forth above.
GARAGE NAME/ADDRESS ______________________________________________
MECHANIC’S SIGNATURE _______________________ CERTIFICATE # _________
OWNER’S STATEMENT
I acknowledge that the TECHNICAL INSPECTION performed upon my vehicle is solely for the purpose of
meeting minimum standards of preparation for the BMW Club of Canada Advanced Driving School Program
and no representation is made by this club, its inspectors or any inspector selected by me of
roadworthiness or fitness for street driving or driving at this event. No warranties are implied or expressed
in passing or failing the inspection performed. I hereby release the inspectors from any liability arising from
their inspection whether or not due to any negligence on their part. I acknowledge that, at all times, I
remain solely responsible for the safety and roadworthiness of my vehicle and am not relying upon the
inspection made in deciding whether or not to drive my vehicle.
OWNER’S SIGNATURE __________________________________
OWNER’S NAME (please print) ____________________________
16
DATE ______________
THE ART AND SCIENCE OF
HIGH PERFORMANCE DRIVING
FOREWORD
A person who finds pleasure in the act of controlling a vehicle and who
demonstrates expertise, or skill behind the wheel, is a High Performance Driver. I am of
the opinion that both expertise and pleasure are very important to the make up of a High
Performance Driver.
The demonstration of your skills can take place under any driving condition, for
although I derive an immense pleasure in driving fast cars on a racetrack, I also enjoy
driving on the highway, country roads and off roads.
To be smooth and progressive with a car whatever circumstances are involved is
the key to success and satisfaction behind the wheel. It is this challenge to be ever better
that maintains my interest in driving; for surely the acceptance of that challenge could
renew interest for a driver who perhaps has found driving to have become dull.
Not to take an interest in becoming a better driver suggests that one will never be
a good driver.
DEREK HANSON
Chief Instructor
“There is no virtue in not knowing what can be known.”
....A. Huxley
“Those who fall in love with practice without science are like sailors who steer a ship
without a helm or compass, and who never can be certain whither they are going”
...Leonardo da Vinci
1.0 THE COCKPIT
1.1 For the purpose of driving on the track under controlled conditions one need
only concern oneself with the Tachometer, Oil Pressure and Water
Temperature gauges as far as instruments are concerned.
Tachometer: Reading this instrument enables you to run the engine at peak
performance, in that upward gear, shifts are made somewhere in the area of
maximum power where the red line of the tachometer starts.
Learn to watch the tach so that over-revving does not take place either on
downshift as well as up shifting.
Oil Pressure: If your oil pressure is low or should the oil pressure light come on,
you must stop in the pits at the very first opportunity.
Temperature: If your engine temperature is above normal by some margin
you should immediately reduce speed. If the condition persists then stop in
the pits.
1.2 The next important thing to consider in the cockpit is your position relative to
the controls.
Steering Wheel: Hands grip the steering wheel anywhere from 9 and 3
o'clock to 10 and 2 o'clock, firmly without being tense. Driving with bent
elbows gives you more power and your arms will not fatigue as easily as if
you were to drive with them straight.
Seating: There is no question that your ability to "feel" and respond to
information transmitted by the car from the road is a function of proper
seating.
17
Points to look for are as follows:
(a) Buttocks should be jammed into the angle formed by the seat and the seatback.
(b) Trunk of body erect. Your body functions better and you are more alert in this
position.
(c) Back resting firmly against seatback.
(d) Adjustment of seat runners should be done such that the clutch can be
depressed fully without stretching, for only in this position will you be able
to apply maximum pressure to the brake pedal if required.
The seatback
should be adjusted so that either hand on the steering wheel can be run over
the 12 o'clock position without shoulders leaving the seat. In that way you
will not suddenly find yourself hanging on to the steering wheel to keep yourself
in the seat during a cornering maneuver.
1.3 Rest, Dead or Brace pedal: This pedal is usually found to the left of the
clutch, however on some cars the bulge of the left wheel-well serves the same
function. By planting your left foot firmly on the dead pedal it is much easier
to stay in the seat while cornering.
2.0 BASIC SKILLS
2.1 Braking: Never stamp on the brakes like a madman, because invariably
it will upset the balance of the car going into the corner. Instead we want to
do the following very quickly. Push the pedal relatively lightly until the
pressure point is felt, only then put your weight into in.
Heel and Toe Downshifting: When slowing for a corner, we usually
downshift in order that upon exit from a corner, we are in the proper gear
to have the engine operating in its range of maximum torque so as to realize
maximum acceleration. In order to do this smoothly we must brake and
downshift simultaneously; it is therefore necessary for the right foot to
operate both the brake and gas pedal simultaneously.
Heel and toe
is somewhat of a misnomer since it is the ball of the foot which operates
both pedals in most cars
To be smooth is to match road speed and engine speed so that when
the clutch is engaged in the lower gear there is neither sudden acceleration
nor drag which could cause the driving wheels to lock up.
STEP 1
Approaching corner with application of brakes.
STEP2
Approach the turn-in point while still maintaining pressure on brake, rotate
ball of foot to blip the accelerator simultaneously de-clutching and shifting
into lower gear, with next action being the immediate release of clutch.
STEP3
Complete braking.
STEP4
Practice, practice and more practice is the only way to perfection in heel
and toe.
18
19
3.0 CAR DYNAMICS
The most common problem during cornering is either too much understeer or too
much oversteer; the theoretical ideal being neutral steer. Therefore the three basic
attitudes a car adopts while cornering is as follows:
UNDERSTEER: When a car pushes or plows when turned into a corner, understeering
occurs. This is a tendency to drift out of the corner, that is to go straight on, requiring
the driver to wind on more steering to make the corner. At this point reduce speed and
as front end grip is being restored, turn into corner on line.
OVERSTEER: Feels loose, opposite to understeer, the car turns more than desired and
you find yourself unwinding steering to make the corner. When the car oversteers,
counter steer quickly while coming off the throttle slowly (modulate the throttle).
Modulation of steering for both understeer and oversteer is helpful.
NEUTRAL STEER:
The theoretical ideal, front and rear traction matched. This
will only take place at a given speed on a given corner with the right combination of
steering angle and throttle.
The driver can make a car neutral steer, but only if the car's suspension is set up to
do so. However, it is up to the driver to come as close as possible to this ideal
within the limitations of the car as a whole. Sometimes it may be prudent to induce
oversteer or understeer for certain peculiar conditions.
OVERSTEER
UNDERSTEER
3.1 Weight Transfer: Under hard braking weight transfer takes place causing the front wheels to
be heavily loaded and the rear wheels lightly loaded; the reverse occurring under
acceleration. In cornering the outer wheels are heavily loaded. The heavily loaded wheels will
have increased traction while the lightly loaded wheels will have reduced traction. From the
foregoing it can readily be seen that the manipulation of weight transfer will have a profound
effect on the cornering attitude of a car.
20
4.0 CORNERING
Cornering begins at the instant acceleration is interrupted and your right foot moves
as fast as possible from accelerator to braking pedal. Empirically the exact braking point
is worked out, and by pushing the pedal relatively lightly until the pressure point is felt,
and only then put your weight on it the entire braking procedure is tightly under control.
Before the turn-in point the proper gear necessary for maximum acceleration out of the
corner is selected through the heel and toe procedure.
Extend braking zone into corner; rolling off brakes as steering lock is increased, then
executing weight transfer when comfortably in corner. Pass the apex, open the throttle
early, exit and accelerate placing the car flush to the outside of the corner.
When turning, the steering wheel should not be moved too fast or abruptly otherwise
cornering forces are built up too quickly on the outside front tire which can be overloaded,
possibly inducing either understeer or diagonal weight transfer resulting in oversteer. In a
nutshell, the basic procedure is to brake as hard as possible, as late as possible and
accelerate as soon as possible as hard as possible.
In a rear wheel drive car acceleration can begin somewhat sooner than a front wheel drive
due to weight transfer increasing traction on the driven wheels of the rear heel drive car.
On the other hand the front wheel drive cars can be driven harder into the corner by
virtue of their weight distribution and the front driven wheels.
As is the case with most front wheel drive cars, understeering can be a problem on slow
corners. Therefore, the technique is to go in fast, approach and pass the apex on a light
throttle, and only apply power when the corner starts opening up. It is a technique that
needs nurturing, for most people find that there is a temptation to apply great globs of
throttle rear of the apex. It is not unlike driving a moderately powerful rear wheel drive
car on the circuit for the first time. You corner everywhere on full opposite lock, until you
discover that a sideways "spectacular" is not the quickest way.
4.1 However advanced driving is not concerned with any one corner, but rather
with linking sequential corners in a smooth fashion. This skill maintains the
car's momentum-reduces the number of unnecessary inputs and contributes to
a flow pattern.
21
FLUSH TO OUTSIDE CORNER
EXIT AND ACCELERATE
PASS APEX
OPEN THROTTLE EARLY
AS
ES S
K
I
A
BR CK
FF G LO D
O
IN
LL
SE
RO TEER REA
S
INC
IFT R
SH RNE
T
O
H
EIG Y IN C
W
L
ING AB
UT ORT
C
E
F
EX COM
N
E
PATH OF CAR
WH
EXTEND BRAKING ZONE
INTO CORNER
1/2 CAR WIDTH
ROAD WIDTH
VISION: -Gaze directed inside of the tangent on the turn.
22
4.2 SLOW CORNERS: You can brake deeper and accelerate sooner
4.3 MEDIUM SPEED CORNERS: The faster the corner, the less the braking zone is
extended into the corner
4.4 HIGH SPEED CORNERS: Braking zone is extended even less than the medium
speed corner with the line being a large smooth arc.
HAIR PIN CORNER
APEX
APEX
1/2 CAR WIDTH
1/2 CAR WIDTH
PATH OF CAR
ROAD WIDTH
1/2 CAR WIDTH
1/2 CAR WIDTH
23
MEDIUM CORNER
ROAD WIDTH
1/2 CAR WIDTH
1/2 CAR WIDTH
PATH OF CAR
HIGH SPEED CORNER
1/2 CAR WIDTH
ROAD WIDTH
PATH OF CAR
1/2 CAR WIDTH
24
INCREASING RADIUS
PATH OF CAR
APEX
1/2 CAR WIDTH
ROAD WIDTH
1/2 CAR WIDTH
1/2 CAR WIDTH
DECREASING RADIUS
PATH OF CAR
APEX
1/2 CAR WIDTH
ROAD WIDTH
1/2 CAR WIDTH
1/2 CAR WIDTH
25
S BEND
1/2 CAR WIDTH
ROAD WIDTH
APEX
1/2 CAR WIDTH
PATH OF CAR
APEX
1/2 CAR WIDTH
1/2 CAR WIDTH
4.5 INCREASING RADIUS CORNER: Early apex get on the power early and smooth.
4.6 DECREASING RADIUS CORNER: Later apex than the increasing radius corner.
Generally it is more difficult because the slowest is the apex which is further on around the
corner.
4.7 APEX: Generally is the slowest area of any corner.
26
5.0 OCULAR DRIVING TECHNIQUES
This makes everything you have been taught possible.
5.1 Ocular Driving Technique is the key to foresight and competent driving. We
constantly depend on our eyes for accurate and early information for car control.
Such that a slide will be detected early so that little effort will be needed to
correct it. Responding to direct information from your eyes are the hands and
feet. ·
We have to make the best possible use of our "visual angle". We therefore have
to centre our visual angle to the inside of the tangent on the inside of the turn
and enlarge it as much as possible. We have to use the natural gift of our eyes,
our field of vision, with which we can look at a point and get at the same time, a
good and wider vision of the area that proceeds and follows it. Your eyes are the
source of a high percentage of your sensory input when driving a car. We often
say we have a seat of pants feeling, but really it is our eyes and our inner ear
telling us what is going on.
5.2 Before getting to the turn in point, shift head and eyes just to the inside of the
tangent on the inside of the turn, which will be the area of the Apex. Your speed
and position relative to that Apex will tell you when to begin the turn. Before
clipping the Apex of the corner, shift your head and eyes to the outside of the
turn and pick up the exit.
5.3 The Quiet Eye is defined final fixation of tracking gaze that is located on a
specific object or location in the visuomotor work space within 3 degrees of
visual angle (or less) for a minimum of 1OOms, prior to the first "movement".
Simple: Your hands and feet are controlled by your brain, which gets valuable
information about what to do from your eyes. Your brain needs to organize more
that 100 billion neurons. These neural networks are informed by your gaze and
control your hands, arms and feet as you drive. The networks will stay organized
for a short period of time. A window of opportunity opens that must be used
when it is at its most optimal. THIS IS THE QUIET EYE PERIOD.
5.4 STEERING WITH THE HEAD-Close coupling between head and eye is the
normal pattern.
5.5 It is the steering intention that determines head and eye direction.
5.6 Head moves-the car rotates soon after (approximately an average just over 1
second later).
H
EA
TANGENT
D
GA
ZE
27
GLOSSARY
APEX
The area on the inside edge of a corner which the car's inside front wheel should touch
or clip.
UNDERSTEER
The front tires lose traction before the rear.
OVERSTEER
The rear tires lose traction before the front.
NEUTRAL STEER
The front and rear tires' traction are evenly matched.
HEEL AND TOE
To operate brake and gas pedal simultaneously to accomplish a smooth downshift of the
gears.
TRACTION
The ability of a car to adhere to a road surface. Same as adhesion.
REFERENCES:
1. Land MF, Benjamin WT: The visual strategy of a racing driver
2. Vickers JN: Perception Cognition and Decision Training, The Quiet Eye in Action
28
Group Exercises
Group A
2nd session each day late passing
2 Car Team - giving and taking late passing signals - up to corner entry 1,2,3,4 and 8
Group B
2nd session each day for first 10 minutes
2 Car Team - giving and taking late passing signals - up to corner entry 1,2,3,4 and 8
Group C
2nd and 3rd session on Day l for first 10 minutes of session giving and taking passing
signals repeatedly in designated passing zone between turns 10-1, 3-4 and 5c-8
Passing
Signal point by hand. Drivers window all the way down. In the case of rain, turn signals
may be used.
29
SHALLOW ENTRY
TRAINING EXERCISE
1/2 CAR WIDTH
ROAD WIDTH
1/2 CAR WIDTH
PATH OF CAR
SHALLOW
ENTRY
POINT
30
Flag Signals
31