PRODUCTION • PROCES • DISTRIBUTION • USE

EDITORIAL STAFF
E. L. S h a n e r
E d ito r-in -C h ief
s
FOR
FORTY-EIGHT YEARS — IRON
TRADE
L
REVIEW
E. C. K r f . u t z b e r c
E d itor
A . J. H
a in
M anaging E d itor
E. F. R o s s
E n g in eerin g E d itor
o
D. S. Cadot
i A
t e
n
t ź
A r t E d itor
A S SO C IA TE EDITORS
J. D . K n o x
Vol. 101-No. 13
Septem ber 27, 1937
G. H . M a n lo v e
W . L. H a m m e r q u i s t
F. E . G o o d i n g
J. A . C r o n in
R. L. H a r t f o r d
New York
I. H . S u c h
B. K . P r ic e
L. E. B r o w n e
Pittsburgh
Chicago
D . R. J a m e s
W . G. Gudk
Detroit
Washington
L. M . L a m m
A. H. A lle n
London
V in c e n t D e lp o r t
BUSINESS STAFF
G . 0 . H ays
Busin ess M anager
C. H . B a i l e y
A d v ertisin g S erv ice
New Y ork . E. W . K r e u t z b e r g
R EA D E R C O M M E N T S
.............................................................................................. 9
AS T H E E D IT O R V IE W S T H E N E W S
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NEWS
”OUL*f
Unprofitable Orders Loom Large in Warehouse Business i
Elevated Highway Building Encouraged ....................................... ^
Steelworks Operations for the W eek
...................................
Meetings ....................................................................................................
Financial
Labor
..........................................................................................................
^
T
•5
i6
i8
i8
J9
20
Men of Industry .....................................................................................
21
Obituaries
22
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Activities o f Steel Users and M a k e r s ..................................................
M IRRORS OF M O T O R D O M
23
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B. C. S n e l l
Pittsburgh
S. H . J asper
D . C . K ie f e r
L. C . P e l o t t
W . F. O ’ D e l l
Chicago
Cleveland .
.
.
R. C. J a e n k e
R. T . M a s o n
J. W . Z u b e r
C ircu la tion M anager
R ea d ers' S erv ice
W IN D O W S O F W A S H IN G T O N
....................................... ..............
Industrial Plant Construction Bright Spot in Building— Editorial
29
V
T H E BUSINESS T R E N D
Business Outlook Hinges on T im ing o f Auto Resumption
Charts and Statistics ....................................................................
32
32-33
T E C H N IC A L
BRAN CH O FFICES
New Y o r k ...................... 220 Broadway
Peoples Gas Building
Chicago
Pittsburgh . . 1650 Koppers Building
Detroit . . 1010 Stephenson Building
Washington . National Press Building
Cincinnati . . . 418-420 Sinton Hotel
San Francisco . . . 2413 Milvia St.
Berkeley, Calif., Tel. Berk. 7351 •W
L o n d o n ........................... Caxton House
Westminster, S. W . 1
Berlin . Berlin, N. W . 40, Roonstrasse 10
Flame Hardening ..........................................................................
34
Building a Career ..........................................................
37
Columbia Opens N ew Laboratories ....................
39
42
Gear Makers Sec Threat in L e g isla tio n ..........
M A T E R IA L S H A N D L IN G
Materials Handling in Forging Plant
45
W E L D IN G , E TC .— Robert E. K in \ c a d ...............................................
Finish Important Factor in Motorcycle Sales
P u b li s h e d
by
THE
PE N T ON PUBLISH IN G
C O ..
P en ton
B u il d i n g .
C le v e la n d ,
O h io .
JOHN
A.
PENTO N , C h a ir m a n o f B o a r d ; E . L . SH AN ER,
P r e s id e n t a n d
T reasu rer; J.
R.
D avtley and
C . O . H a y s . V i c e P r e s i d e n t s ; F . C . STEIN EBACH ,
S ecreta ry .
M e m b e r . A u d it
B u rea u o f C ir c u la t io n s ; A s s o ­
c ia t e d B u s in e s s P a p e r s I n c . , a n d N a t io n a l P u b ­
lis h e r s * A s s o c i a t i o n .
P u b li s h e d
every
M o n d a y . S u b sc r ip tio n
in
th e
U n ite d S ta te s, C u b a , M e x ic o a n d C a n a d a , o n e
y e a r $ 4 . t w o y e a r s ? 6 ; E u r o p e a n a n d fo r e ig n
c o u n t r ie s , o n e y e a r $ 1 0 . S in g l e c o p i e s
(c u r r e n t
is s u e s ) 2 5 c .
E n t e r e d as s e c o n d c la s s m a t t e r at th e p o s l o f f i c o
a t C le v e la n d , u n d e r t h e A c t o f M a r c h 3 , 1879.
C o p y r ig h t 19 3 7 b y t h e P e n t o n P u b li s h i n g C o .
...............................
52
PROGRESS IN ST E E L M A K IN G
Stainless Steel in the Electric Furnace
54
POW ER DRIVES
N E W E Q U IP M E N T
5«
...................................................
64
R E C E N T P U B LIC A TIO N S OF M A N U F A C T U R E R S
69
M A R K E T REPO R TS A N D PRICES
7'
72
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T he Market W e e k ................................................................................
B EH IN D T H E SCENES
Hz
C O N S T R U C T IO N A N D EN TER PR ISE ..........
92
IN D E X T O A D V E R TISE R S
98
PRODUCTION • PROCES
S eptem ber 27, 1937
49
SURFACE T R E A T M E N T A N D F IN IS H IN G OF M E TA LS
• D I S T R I B U T I O N • USE
11
/
T
E
E
L
PRODUCTIO N • P R O C E S S IN G • D ISTRIBU TIO N • U SE
-£ }i the
£
l/ieufâ the A/ew5
C T IV IT Y in the iron, steel and m eta lw ork in g
in du stries has not rebou n d ed a fte r L a b o r day
w ith the b ou y a n cy th at w as ex p ected . F o r
this reason th e jitte r y a n tics o f W a ll street h ave c o m ­
m an ded som e atten tion on the p a rt o f in du strialists.
N ew dem and fo r m aterials, p a rts and equ ipm en t is
sp o tty . S om e com p an ies, w ell fo rtifie d w ith orders,
a re op tim istic. O thers, n o tin g an a la rm in g letdow n
in new business, are bearish. O ur hunch is that the
p o st-L a b o r d a y disap p oin tm en t arises m ore fr o m in ­
o p p ortu n e tim in g than fr o m a m ark ed red u ction in
the requ irem en ts o f rep resen ta tive con su m ers. P e r­
h aps in d u stry w as talked in to e x p e ctin g a rebou nd too
p ro m p tly a fte r L a b o r day.
A
T h is p rov es th at we have d ep lora b ly sh o rt m em ories.
A y ea r a g o the spurt, w h ich even tu a lly m ade the
fou rth q u arter a v ery g r a tify in g p eriod fr o m the sta n d ­
p oin t o f business volu m e, did n ot
g e t u n d erw a y u ntil a fte r O ct. 1.
Is Retracing
A u to m o b ile
p rod u ction
on new
1 9 3 6 Pattern
m odels (p . 33) did n ot h it its stride
until the secon d w eek o f N o v e m ­
ber. L a st y ea r we ex p erien ced a se co n d a ry recession
late in S ep tem b er fo llo w in g the p o s t-L a b o r d a y re ­
bound. T o d a y w e are tra cin g the id en tical pattern,
but a t h ig h er levels, y e t are m o m e n ta rily u nnerved
b y the exp erien ce.
H as a taste o f re c o v e r y m ade
us m ore sen sitive to ex tern a l bearish in flu ences?
I f the ca r o f business w ere taken to an ex p ert
g a ra g e m ech an ic, he p ro b a b ly w ou ld sa y th at there is
p len ty o f ga s (p oten tia l d em an d ) in the tank but
th a t the ga s line is c lo g g e d and the
tim in g o f the d istrib u to r is off. .
Learn a Trade,
. . One o f the g rea test w eaknesses
Rise to T op
in th e ed u ca tion a l sy stem o f this
p eriod is the lack o f com p eten t
a gen cies f o r aid in g h ig h sch o o l g ra d u a tes in selectin g
suitable lines o f w ork . T he p residen t o f the N ation al
M achine T o o l B u ild ers’ a ssocia tion (p . 3 7 ) paints a
Septem ber 27, 1937
b rig h t p ictu re o f the o p p ortu n ities in the m achine
b u ildin g field w h ich a w a it en terp risin g, m ech a n icallyinclined y o u n g m en. “ In the m ach in e tool trade as
now here else,” he says, “ the o p p ortu n ities fo r a d van ce­
m ent fr o m the ranks are n u m erou s.” T he thousands
o f top e x ecu tiv es w h o sta rted b y “ lea rn in g a tra d e”
te stify to the tru th o f th is statem ent.
One h opes that in d u stry w ill en cou n ter fe w floods
as d isastrou s as th ose exp erien ced in the sp rin gs o f
1936 and 1937. B ut in case e le ctric m o to rs are sub­
m erged f o r several days, it is well
c
c I
I to k n ow h ow to d ry them o u t effecbummer bchools . . .
. , ,
A1.
_ ,
tively. A fte r th e O hio riv er flood
For W e ld in g ?
o f 1937 a steel com p a n y em p loyed
a low -h ea t and vacu um m ethod o f
d ry in g (p . 62) w h ich p ro v e d e n tirely s a tis fa cto ry on
a 3 0 0 0 -h orsep ow er m otor. . . . H ow can en gin eerin g
sch o o ls ob ta in fa c u lty person n el ad equ ately qualified
by k n ow led ge and e x p erien ce to tea ch w e ld in g ? One
su g g e stio n (p . 4 9 ) is fo r the w eld in g in d u stry to c o ­
op era te w ith u n iversities and teach ers in sp on sorin g
su m m er cou rses w here p r o fe ss o rs m a y gain su pple­
m en ta ry trainin g, lead in g to a su itable degree.
F la m e h ardening, a p rocess w h ereb y the su rfa ce
o f a q u en ch -h a rd en in g fe rro u s m aterial is lo ca lly
heated b y an o x y a ce ty le n e flam e and then quenched,
is co m p a ra tiv e ly new, y e t recen t
i i j .
I
exp erien ce (p . 34)
has led to a
y
technique b y w h ich the p rocess
Flame, Q u e n c h m a y be utilized fo r m a n y a p p lica ­
tions on plane and circu la r w ork.
T he speeds and feed s o f certa in com m on m ach in e tools
is su ch that b y su b stitu tin g one o r m ore blow pipes
fo r the o rd in a ry tool, a d ju stin g the m ach in e so that
the flam e p la ys on the m etal fo r a certa in p red eter­
m ined tim e, and b y p ro v id in g f o r a su itable quench,
accu ra te resu lts can be obtained. . . . In d u stry is in ­
sta llin g a n um ber o f e x ce p tio n a lly w ell-equ ip ped la b ­
ora tories. One o f the new est (p . 3 9 ) is th a t w h ich
serves the C olum bia Steel Co. unit o f U n ited S tates
Steel.
13
14
/TE EL
Unprofitable O rders Loom Large in
Steel M ill and \^arehouse Business
p p r o x i m a t e l y h a lf o f the
steel w arehouse orders now
being placed are unprofitable
to sellers, accord in g to com m ents
developed by S t e e l in w ell in form ed
quarters. M ajor reason is that the
quantities involved in som e 50 per
cent o f the orders are too sm all
to p ay the selling and handling e x ­
penses, let alone the cost o f the
m aterial itself.
This situation also affects the
m ills despite their policy o f refra in ­
ing as fa r as possible fro m the pra c­
tice o f accepting less-than-carload
orders. This policy is one that can­
not be en forced 100 p er cent fo r
various reasons.
It is estim ated that at least 8 per
cent o f the individual orders re­
ceived by m ills are unprofitable.
This is due to a num ber o f reasons,
but in m ost cases the loss results
fro m the sm all quantities involved.
In instances w here m ills seek to p ro ­
m ote sales o f specialties and cannot
a fford to decline sm all orders the
ratio o f unprofitable entries is m uch
higher.
A
$10. In other w ords, 50 per cent o f
this jo b b e r’s business involved o r­
ders com in g to $10 or less.
W h at can be done to elim inate ex ­
cessive sales costs on sm all orders
which, in effect, have to be made
up ou t o f the profits on large orders
if the seller is to rem ain in business?
Som e m ill representatives believe
there is not m uch they can do. On
the heavier products the m ills stick
to the carload m inim um , w ith the
few est num ber o f exceptions pos­
sible w hile servin g their custom ers
and m aintaining their sales p ro m o ­
tional program s. This entire m atter
constantly is under keen scrutiny
by the m ills with a view to keeping
the percentage o f unprofitable or­
ders as low as possible.
T he problem is equally difficult
fr o m the point o f view o f the w are­
h ouse industry. S om e job b ers have
considered a p olicy o f setting a m ini­
m um lim it on orders they will ac­
cept. Such a policy, how ever, is
easier to enunciate than to enforce.
Other distributors believe a solu ­
tion m ight be fou n d in increases in
quantity differentials on w arehouse
shipm ents. L ast Jan. 1 an attem pt
to rem edy the situation was m ade
in som e areas b y increasing the d if­
feren tial on the first 100 pounds by
TH is Isn't H o l l y w o o d but—
S om e T ypical E xperiences
M agnitude o f this situation is in­
dicated by recent estim ates by well
in form ed authorities. T hese sh ow
custom ers on w arehouse order book s
number
approxim ately
250,000
w hereas those on m ill books num ­
ber around 30,000.
H ow this condition affects iron
and steel jobb ers is revealed b y som e
typical experiences. One large jo b ­
ber specializing in h igh er priced
finished steels reports that 40 per
cent o f all its custom ers during the
past six m onths contributed on ly 10
per cent o f its total sales.
Orders fa llin g into this ca tegory
averaged a total billing o f but $7.25
p er m onth per custom er. On all
this business the job b er took a loss.
A nother large job b er reports that
32 per cent o f its billings in recent
m onths have been com prised o f
sin gle item s o f less than $5 while
18 per cent included item s o f $5 to
Septem ber 27, 1937
M O V IE crew of 21 photographers, technicians, electricians and other crafts­
men making color films of activities at Carnegie-lllinois Steel Corp.'s H om e­
stead works. With films already made at Hibbing and Duluth, Minn., Gary,
Ind., and other points, and others still to be made, they will tell a complete
story of steel production as conducted by various subsidiaries of the United
States Steel Corp.
15
50 cents to $1.50. This extra is re ­
ported as entirely insufficient to re­
im burse job bers fo r their costs on
sm all orders. It is a fa ct that the
handling costs alone, w ithout any
steel, frequ en tly exceed the am ounts
o f the invoices.
This m atter o f quantity differen­
tials involves a problem held to be
fa r fro m sim ple. M any o f the small
orders, fo r exam ple, com e from
consum ers w hose total business in
the cou rse o f a year is extrem ely
desirable.
Som e well inform ed authorities be­
lieve that the problem best can be
solved through intelligent planning
o f steel purchases by the consum ers
them selves.
M any instances are cited where
i m p o r t a n t industrial consum ers
m ake a practice o f telephoning their
orders as the requirem ents arise.
In extrem e cases w arehouse de­
liveries to a plant average as high
as seven to eight daily, often from
the sam e warehouse.
Sellers declare that such co n ­
sum ers m ay en joy substantial price
savings through consolidation o f
orders while at the sam e tim e allow ­
ing the sellers to distribute their
costs over large tonnages, thus avoid­
ing unnecessary loss.
Elevated Highway Building Encouraged;
Prizes O ffe re d for Improved Designs
R
e c o g n i z i n g autom obile tra f­
fic congestion in m any large
cities has reached a point
threatening demand fo r products o f
related industries, including steel,
A m erican Institute o f Steel C on­
struction launched a cam paign fo r
building elevated highw ays at a
h igh w ay dinner in N ew Y ork Sept.
21.
National com petition with attrac­
tive prizes fo r im proved designs
fo r elevated vehicular roads, better
to con form to architectural require­
ments o f city streets, was announced
by the institute.
P resident Clyde G. Conley, M ount
V ernon B ridge Co., Mt. Vernon, O.,
announced $5000 will be paid fo r
the best design, $2000 fo r the second,
$1000 fo r the third and 10 additional
prizes o f $100 each. Architects, en­
gineers and others interested m ay
com pete.
Steel fabricators on the com m it­
tee in ch arge includes R. C. Mahon,
president, R. C. Mahon Co., Detroit,
chairm an; A lbert R eichm ann, vice
president, A m erican B ridge Co., Chi­
ca g o; and C. M. Denise, general
m an ager o f sales, fabricated steel
construction, B ethlehem Steel Co.,
Bethlehem , Pa.
Attended by representatives o f the
autom obile, petroleum , roadbuilding,
transportation and other industries,
the assem bly w as told the elevated
highw ay w as an econom ical, effici­
ent and sa fe solution o f the con ges­
tion problem . Dr. M iller M cClintock,
director, H arvard bureau fo r traffic
research, pointed out the appalling
casualty list could not be m aterially
reduced b y educational and regu la ­
tory m easures alone; that better
h igh w ay facilities fo r the congested
centers w ere needed fo r a perm anent
solution.
Success o f the w est side elevated
16
highw ay, N ew Y ork city, repeatedly
was stressed, that pi’o je ct being the
first m a jo r one o f its kind fo r traffic
relief. President C onley declared
even N ew Y ork city and the country
as a w hole was fa r behind Europe
in traffic safety m easures. It was
estimated N ew Yoi’k state alone
needed an expenditure o f $300,000,000 fo r express highw ays b y 1950.
A bout 37 per cent o f the structural
steel fabricated last yea r went into
bridges.
N ew Y ork with its still u n com ­
pleted west side elevated h ighw ay
on ly has started such needed de­
velopm ents. Crossings are delaying
traffic m ost in badly jam m ed dis­
tricts. In the elevated highw ay, ex­
cept at specified locations fo r ramps,
such delays are eliminated.
H igh-pow ered
autom obiles
fr e ­
quently are operated b elow horseand-buggy speeds and one m ile per
h our w as predicted at som e N ew
Y ork points if congestion continues
to increase. Speed doesn’t exceed
15 miles an hour now fo r the city
as a w h ole and m ore autom obiles
will fu rth er reduce the average.
The public, accordin g to Mr. Con­
ley, rapidly is turning from mass
m eans o f transportation. C hicago
has done well on the problem o f
regulation, but congestion has not
been lessened. In planning elevated
highw ays, he pointed out the im ­
portance o f the terrain. T he Pulaski
skyw ay, N orthern N ew Jersey, has
been a great convenience, not a
luxury, and it is savin g m otorists
m ore than the $20,000,000 paid fo r
its construction.
T akin g traffic
above and over the cross streets, the
elevated h igh w ay avoids congestion
and prom otes safety.
Costs fo r such p rojects are not
out o f line with su rface paving, said
Mr. Conley. He also pointed out
taxes fro m m otorists, the a u tom o­
tive and related industries would
m ore than pay fo r the im p rove­
ments.
Designs fo r the h ighw ay com p e­
tition should provide fo r a I-I-20
loading or fo r an exclu sive pas­
sen ger autom obile h igh w ay o f sim i­
lar strength. A ctual size o f the steel
m em bers need not be given. L oad ­
ings are given m erely as a guide
fo r propoi'tioning m aterials and fix­
ing construction limits. T w o 11-foot
Elevated H ig h w a y Relieves Traffic Congestion
/EXPRESS traffic is diverted from main north and south avenues in Manhat­
tan by N etv Yor/ffs five-mile elevated highway along the west side water­
front. Success of the project has caused demand for a similar elevated road to
be built along East river on the other side of the island. Photo courtesy
Ewing Galloway
/TEEL
operating lanes in each direction
should be provided, lanes to be
physically separated and w ith ade­
quate outer guard i-ails. T he stru c­
ture should be designed to pass over
existing th orou ghfares w ithout su p ­
ports interferin g with the free flow
o f su rface traffic. C om petitors m ay
select actual sites and develop de­
signs to m eet actual conditions. F ree
clearance o f 15 feet betw een the
bottom o f the elevated structure
and pavem ent b elow should be al­
low ed.
All structural m em bers m ust be
steel with m aterials fo r other parts
suitable fo r design. T w o draw ings
fo r each separate entry are allowed,
each to be 20 b y 32 inches with a
half-inch m argin on all sides in­
cluded. D raw ings are also to be
m ounted on stiff board. T he first
draw ing m ust be used fo r a p rosp ec­
tive sketch or a plain elevation
draw ing o f the proposed structure
w ithout figures, dim ensions or w rit­
ten descriptive m atter. T he second
draw ing w ill con sist o f an elevation
coverin g at least one span and a
cross section, sh ow in g supports and
provisions fo r ingress and egress
on a scale o f one-eighth inch to the
foot.
Jury fo r the contest includes,:
C. M. Pinckney, city engineer, N ew
Y ork ; Harland B artholom ew , city
planner, St. L ou is; P aul P. Cret,
architect, Philadelphia; L oran D.
Gayton, city engineer, C hicago; A l­
bert Kahn, architect, D etroit; Paul
G. H offm an, president, Studebaker
C orp.; and Col. W illard T. Chevalier,
president, A m erican R oad Builders
association.
C om petition c l o s e s
M arch 31, 1938, with draw ings to be
sent to V. G. Iden, secretary, A m eri­
can Institute o f Steel Construction,
200 M adison avenue, N ew Y ork.
Fears G o ve rn m en t C on trol
they w ere in p ow er and to the ex ­
trem ism o f the liberals and radicals
n ow that they have obtained pow er.
“ In creasin g rigid ity o f g ov ern ­
m ental supervision is tending to
w eaken o r destroy initiative and to
give A m erican and F rench business
m en closely kindred attitudes. It
w ill be highly dangerous to the
fu tu re o f this cou n try if the g o v ­
ernm ental encroachm ent extends too
fa r.”
K oppers A w a rd e d C ontract
For C o lo ra d o C oke O v e n s
K oppers Co., Pittsburgh, has been
awarded a contract by the C olorado
Fuel & Iron Corp. to erect a battery
o f 41 coke ovens and operating m a­
chinery at P ueblo, Colo. A m ou nt o f
the contract w as n ot revealed but is
reported to be approxim ately $1,000,000.
T h ey will be B ecker type, low d if­
ferential, standard cross flow ovens,
with self-sealing doors. E rection is
to be com pleted by m id-August next
year.
T he present cok e plant o f the C olo­
rado Fuel & Iron Corp. consists of
120 K oppers type ovens built in 1918
and 31 B ecker type ovens built in
1930.
Rolling M ill To S pend
$ 2 /0 0 0 ,0 0 0 at Butler, Pa.
A m erican R ollin g M ill Co. will
spend $2,000,000 fo r im provem ents at
its Butler, Pa., plant, G eorge M. V er­
ity, chairm an, announced last week
at a com m unity celebration o f the
com pan y’s tenth anniversary in B ut­
ler. Som e im provem ents already are
underw ay and others w ill be m ade as
rapidly as possible, he said.
S eptem ber 27, 1937
From U n ite d States
Canada’s iron and steel im ports
fo r July had a total value o f $18,886,000, com pared with $11,250,000
fo r the sam e m onth last year. Value
o f im ports fr o m the United States
rose fro m $8,263,000 to $14,804,000.
P rincipal item s w ere m achinery, $3,774,000; autom obile parts, $1,841,000;
plates and sheets, $1,807,000; farm
im plem ents, $1,613,000; autom obiles,
$1,004,000; rollin g m ill products
(m iscellan eous) $927,000; engines
and boilers, $623,000; castings and
forg in g s, $233,000; tubes and pipes,
$186,000; stam ped and coated p rod ­
ucts, $159,000; tools, $137,000; pigs
and ingots, $128,000.
E xports fo r the m onth increased
from $4,979,000 to $7,376,000. Value
o f exp orts to the United States w as
$870,000, com pared with $581,000 in
July, 1936.
M iscellaneous D em and fo r
Stainless Steel Increases
M iscellaneous sales o f stainless
steel b y A llegh en y Steel Co., Brackenridge, Pa., tod ay are fa cin g m ore
rapid grow th than any other divi­
sion o f the com p a n y ’s business, ac­
cord in g to W . J. M cA rdle, general
m an ager o f sales.
“ M ore than one-third, 35 per cent,
o f ou r stainless steel sales this
year are classified as m iscellaneous,
indicating rapid grow th in the de­
velopm en t o f new uses,” he said.
“ M iscellaneous now is our largest
tonnage cu stom er fo r stainless—
larger than the autom obile, chem i­
cal, fo o d o r dairy industries, which
them selves started as ‘m iscellane­
ou s’ con su m ers.”
Canada’s A u g u s t Ingot
To Ruin Private Initiative
U nduly strict govern m en t reg u la ­
tion o f private business is tending
to destroy A m erican industrial in­
itiative and to start this cou n try on
the econ om ic path n ow b ein g taken
b y F rance. This is the opinion o f
G eorges F. D oriot, p ro fe sso r o f in ­
dustrial m anagem ent in the H arvard
S ch ool o f Business Adm inistration,
w h o has ju st com pleted a com para­
tive study o f econ om ic conditions
in the tw o countries.
B oth
countries
have
m ilitant
radical faction s and both have con ­
servative grou p s intent on holding
positions already w on, he pointed
out.
“ In
my
opinion,
present
econ om ic difficulties, including the
restiveness o f labor, are attributable
equally to both groups, to the lack
o f liberality on the part o f con serva­
tives during the lon g period when
Canada Buys M o re Steel
Foundry E quipm ent Sales
O u tp u t Shows Increase
S how Increase in A u g u s t
Canada’s production o f steel in­
gots and direct steel castings in
A ugu st totaled 126,695 gross tons,
com pared with 122,968 tons in July
and 80,164 tons in A ugust, 1936.
F o r eight m onths total production
was 962,840 tons; in the sam e period
o f 1936 it w as 727,657 tons.
P ig iron output in A u gu st w as
74,578 gross tons, com pared w ith
79,736 tons in Ju ly and 38,570 ton s
in A ugust, 1936. F o r eigh t m on th s
it w as 578,258 tons and in the sam e
m onths o f 1936 it w as 413,893 tons.
F erroa lloy production in A ugu st
w as 9913 tons, in Ju ly 6285 ton s
and in A ugu st, 1936, it w as 9290
tons. E igh t m onths this year p ro­
duced 47,816 tons o f ferroa lloy s,
com pared with 51,050 tons in eight
m onths o f 1936.
F ou n d ry equipm ent orders in A u ­
gu st sh ow ed a sharp recov ery from
the decline registered in July, a c­
cord in g to statistics o f the F oundry
E quipm ent M anufacturers associa­
tion. T he net order index fo r A ugust
w as 257.5, com pared w ith 204 in
July, 228.2 in June and with 144.8 in
A ugust, 1936. Shipm ents also in­
creased to 266.6 fr o m 216.5 in July,
w hich com pares w ith 137.2 in A u ­
gust, 1936. T he unfilled ord er index
dropped slightly, 351.1 in A ugust,
com pared with 360.3 in July and with
152.1 in A ugust, 1936. The three
m onths average o f gross orders was
229.9 in A ugust, com pared w ith 224.7
in July. Indexes are based on av­
erages o f 1922-24 as 100 per cent.
17
Production
HE national steelw orks operating
rate declined 4 points last w eek to
76 per cent, as producers in the
Pittsburgh, Chicago, W heeling and
B irm ingham districts adjusted o p ­
erating schedules to co n fo rm with
lighter buying.
Youngstown— Held at 70 per cent,
with 58 open hearths and three bessem ers
active.
Carnegie-Illinois
Steel Corp. will drop one blast fu r ­
nace from its active list this week,
and Y oungstow n Sheet & Tube Co.
m ay take off one open hearth late in
the week.
Central eastern seaboard — Un­
changed at 63 per cent.
T
Cleveland-Lorain— Gained 1 point
to 64 per cent, as Otis Steel Co. re­
sum ed with all eight furnaces. R e ­
public Steel Corp. and National Tube
Co. continue with 6 and 11 on, re ­
spectively.
C hicago— Declined 3% points to
79% per cent, due to curtailment
b y three mills. Som e reduction in
blast fu rn a ce operations fo r repair
purposes m ay be necessary shortly,
schedules recently being on the
basis o f 31 active stacks out of
39.
P ittsburgh — D ow n 11 points to 73
per cent, representing a closer rela­
tionship to actual bookin gs than
had prevailed h eretofore. This drop
had generally been expected.
W h eelin g— D ow n 7 points to 82
per cent.
N ew England— Held at 75 per
cent. General and m inor repairs on
several open hearths will pull op ­
erations dow n to approxim ately 65
per cent this week.
D etroit— All 21 open hearths were
m elting the fu ll week, bringing the
rate back to 100 per cent.
Birmingham— Off 8 points to 83
per cent, due m ainly to absence of
D istrict Steel Rates
P ercentage o f O pen-H earth In got Ca­
pacity Engaged in L eading D istricts
W eek
Same
ended
week
Sept. 25 Change 1936 1935
Pittsburgh . . 73
—11
74
46
73
59
C hicago ......... 79 14 —3.5
None
Eastern Pa.. . 63
48 14 35 14
None
SO
54
Y o u n g s to w n .. 70
S2
—7
95
81
W heeling . . . .
Cleveland .. . 64
67
8014
+1
81
47
B u f f a l o ........... 74
+4
64
B irm ingham . . S3
-S
5514
N ew England 75
None
88
55
D e t r o i t ........... 100
95
94
+5
84
Cincinnati . . .
S9
r
+9
74
None
St. L ou is . . . .
t
t
A verage. . . .
tN o t reported.
18
76
—4
73
51
new business. Tennessee Coal, Iron
& R ailroad Co. shut down a second
furnace at Fairfield, leaving the
com pany a total o f 11 active units.
Buffalo— Gained 4 points to 74
per cent last week, due to relight­
in g o f tw o fu rn aces dow n fo r re­
pairs.
St. Louis— Unchanged at 74 per
cent last week.
Cincinnati— Increased 9 points to
89 per cent, w hen tw o open hearths
w ere added in this district. T hree
open hearths are idle, fo r repairs and
reserve.
M eetings
TO HOLD COAL MEETING
AT W EST VIRGINIA SCHOOL
A con feren ce on bitum inous coal
and its uses is to be held at W est
V irginia university, M organtow n,
W . Va., Sept. 29, under sponsorship
o f the university’s sch ool o f mines
and the W est V irginia Coal M ining
institute. P urpose o f the m eeting
is to explain to coal operators, re­
tail coal m erchants and users o f
coal, the new problem s affecting
marketing.
P rom inent officia ls o f coal co m ­
panies and associations are on the
program fo r the com bustion course.
A m on g these are J. E. T obey, m ana­
ger, fu el engineering division, A p ­
palachian Coals Inc.,; D on Steele,
chemist, and E. C. Payne, consult­
ing engineer, C onsolidated Coal Co.;
C. J. Allen and D. T. B uckley, Koppers Coal Co.; and H. A. Glover,
assistant to president, Island Creek
Coal Co. Mr. G lover will discuss
“ Burning Equipm ent V ersus Coal
Selection.”
HARDW ARE ASSOCIATIONS
GIVE CONVENTION PLANS
P relim inary plans fo r the fortythird annual convention o f the N a­
tional W holesale H ardw are associa­
tion and seventy-fifth sem iannual
convention o f the Am erican H ard­
ware M anufacturers’ association at
the Palm er H ouse, Chicago, Oct.
18-21, have been announced. The
tw o organizations will hold a join t
opening session on the evening o f
the first day and another on the
m orning o f Oct. 20. W righ t Patm an,
congressm an
from
T exas,
will
address the latter m eeting on “ Price
Discrim ination and P rice M ainte­
nance.”
A m eeting o f the N ational A sso­
ciation o f Sheet Metal Distributors,
an affiliate o f the W holesalers as­
sociation, is to take place on the
a fternoon o f Oct. 19. This will be
addressed by an executive o f a
prom inent steel mill, and the co n ­
ditions surrounding the distribution
o f flat and corru gated sheets, tin
and terne plate, eaves trough and
con ductor pipe, and prepared roofin g
w ill be considered.
GREAT LAKES SHIPPERS
TO CONVENE IN DETROIT
Great Lakes R egion al A dvisory
board announces its forty-fou rth
regu lar m eeting to be held at H otel
Statler, D etroit, Sept. 29. T he m eet­
in g is open and all producers, re­
ceivers and shippers o f freight, and
other representatives o f industry
and railroads and the public are in­
vited. Included in the reports o f
com m odity com m ittees are those on
au tom obile; autom obile parts and
accessories; coal, cok e and ore; iron
and steel; and nonferrou s m etals.
BLAST FURNACE GROUPS
ARRANGE JOINT MEETING
Eastern States Blast Furnace and
Coke Oven association and Blast
Furnace and Coke A ssociation o f the
C hicago district w ill conduct a joint
m eeting in Cleveland, Oct. 15. H ead­
quarters will be at the U niversity
club.
T he program
includes a
luncheon, an afternoon session and
a dinner.
CHICAGO PURCHASING AGENTS
TO HOLD AN N U A L SHOW
P ui'chasing A gents A ssociation o f
C hicago will conduct its ninth an­
nual products exposition at H otel
Sherman, Chicago, N ov. 17-18. C om ­
panies affiliated with the associa­
tion will display their products fo r
the benefit o f superintendents, en­
gineers, forem en and production
men, as well as industrial buyers.
The program includes a luncheon
on N ov. 17, at w hich tim e speakers
w ill discuss purchasing problem s,
and the annual banquet on N ov. 18.
NOTCHED BAR IMPACT TEST
BRITISH MEETING TOPIC
F irst technical discussion under
auspices o f the join t com m ittee on
m aterials and their testing is to be
held at the C ollege o f T echn ology,
M anchester, England, Oct. 29. W ith
notched bar im pact testing the sub­
je ct fo r the m eeting, the follow in g
papers will be presented: “ P hysical
M eaning o f Im pact Tests,” by P rof.
R . V. Southwell, U niversity o f O x­
fo r d ; “ Som e A spects o f the N otched
B ar T est,” b y L. W . Schuster, B rit­
ish E ngine B oiler & E lectrical In ­
surance Co., M anchester; and “ D e­
velopm ent and P resent P osition o f
Continental R esearch on the N otched
B ar Im pact T est,” b y Dr. Ing. M ax
M oser, Fried. K rupp, Essen.
M anchester A ssociation o f E ngi­
neers, w hich is organizing the m eet­
ing, is arran gin g to su pply advance
copies o f the papers and to publish
the proceedings. Inquiries should
be addressed to the association secre­
tary, St. John Street Cham bers,
D eansgate, M anchester, 3, England.
/T E E L
Financial
COLORADO FUEL & IRON
NETS $2.18 PER SHARE
In its first annual report the Col­
orado Fuel & Iron Corp., Denver,
organized to acquire the assets and
business o f the C olorado F uel &
Iron Co. Ju ly 1, 1936, reports net
earnings fo r the fiscal year ending
June 30 o f $1,207,849 equal to $2.18
a share on the 553,125 com m on
shares outstanding. A dividend o f
$1 a share on com m on stock was
paid M arch 31.
AM ERICAN SHIPBUILDING NET
SHOWS MARKED INCREASE
A m erican Shipbuilding Co., C leve­
land, report fo r the fiscal year ended
June 30 show s net profit o f $452,518
after all charges. This equals $3.52
a share on 127,683 shares o f co m ­
m on stock after 7 per cent preferred
dividend requirem ents, com pared
w ith $1.31 a share or $171,546 in the
preceding fiscal year.
CAPITAL STOCK ADJUSTMENTS
Stockholders o f Ludlum Steel Co.,
W atervliet, N. Y., have approved
an increase in authorized com m on
stock to 1,000,000 shares from 500,000.
It is planned later to offer
stockholders rights to subscribe to
not m ore than 125,000 shares, bal­
ance to be held in treasury fo r future
requirem ents.
S tockholders o f P ittsburgh Steel
Co., P ittsburgh, have approved the
recapitalization plan proposed by di­
rectors w hich will elim inate a r­
rearage on present 7 per cent p re­
ferred, which on Oct. 1 will am ount
to $43.50 a share or a total o f $4,583,000 .
M cK eesport Tin Plate Co., M c­
K eesport, Pa., stockholders will vote
Oct. 18 on authorization o f 100,000
shares o f new p referred stock to
provide about $5,000,000 additional
capital. O f the proceeds $2,000,000
will be em ployed to liquidate bank
loans, $550,000 fo r additions and
equipm ent at plants at Baltim ore,
M aspeth, N. Y., H am ilton, O., and
Boston, and the balance to reim ­
burse the treasury fo r capital ex ­
penditures.
Upson-W alton Co., Cleveland, has
filed a registration statem ent with
SEC contem plating the issuance o f
20,000 additional $1 par value co m ­
m on shares. A fter issuing the 20,000 shares there w ill be 140,000
shares outstanding. P roceeds from
this financing, estim ated at a p p rox i­
m ately $150,000 gross, are to be
used to reduce bank indebtedness,
purchase new- equipm ent and in­
crease current cash position.
S tockholders o f the M cC ord R adia­
tor & M fg. Co., Detroit, will be asked
at a m eeting Oct. 25 to approve
Septem ber 27, 1937
issuance o f a special stock in p ay­
ment o f accrued dividends on class
A stock.
Pressed Metals o f A m erica Inc.,
P ort H uron, Mich., has filed am end­
m ent with SEC, delaying until Oct.
25 its offerin g to com m on stock ­
holders o f 12,429 additional shares
at $25 a share.
D irectors o f A m erican Stove Co.,
St. L ouis, have called a m eeting Oct.
13 fo r approval o f recom m endations
to split the stock 5 fo r 1. A dividend
o f $2 a share on the present stock
was declared, payable Sept. 30 to
stock o f record Sept. 16. This m akes
$4.50 voted so fa r this year and co m ­
pares w ith the $3 regu lar and $4
extra paid in all o f 1936. T he co m ­
pan y has 140,000 shares o f no-par
com m on stock authorized, o f which
107,998 shares w ere outstanding Dec.
31 last. A fte r the split up there
would be a total o f 539,990 shares
outstanding.
D irectors o f N ew Britain M achine
Co., N ew Britain, Conn., announced
their approval o f a plan to issue
15,000 additional shares o f unissued
but authorized stock b e fo re the end
o f the year, in the ratio o f one new
share fo r each six held, at $25 a
share. T he new capital is to be used
to finance expanding business. A p ­
plication to issue the stock w ill be
filed with the SEC. E arnings from
Jan. 1 to A ug. 14 this year equaled
$4.04 a share.
DIVIDENDS DECLARED
A m erican Sm elting & R efining
Co., N ew Y ork, recen tly declared
an interim dividend o f $1.75 a share
on com m on stock, payable N ov. 30
to stock o f record N ov. 5. On Aug.
31 a dividend o f 75 cents was paid.
L aclede Steel Co., St. Louis, has
declared a dividend o f 25 cents a
share, payable Sept. 30 to stock ­
holders o f record Sept. 21. Paym ent
o f the sam e am ount w as made the
precedin g quarter.
Cleveland-Cliffs Ii'on Co., C leve­
land, has declared a dividend o f
$1.25 a share, payable Oct. 5 to stock
o f record Sept. 29. This will m ake
$3.75 the directors have voted this
yea r on the $5 preferen ce stock.
E m erson E lectric M fg. Co., St.
L ouis, has declared a dividend o f
$31.50 on the p referred stock, thus
clearing arrearages on the issue; and
also the current quarterly dividend
o f $1.75 on the preferred stock,
both payable Sept. 27 to record Sept.
24.
The A llegh en y region al board’s
foreca st o f greater P ittsburgh dis­
trict’s carloadings fo r the next three
m onths estim ates revenue freight
cars handled will total 1,038,032, a
gain o f 2.7 per cent over the c o r ­
responding quarter in 1936 and the
largest carloadings since the peak
year o f 1929.
China D evoid
O f Steelworks
H IN A now is entirely devoid o f
steelm aking facilities as its fou r
units are within Japanese-dom inated
territory. T w o o f the fo u r are
Japanese-owned.
One is located
across the river fr o m Shanghai at
P ootu n g and the other three in
Shanghai proper.
T he Chinese m inistry o f industry
recen tly announced plans fo r a large
m odern steelw orks, but it is believed
cu rren t hostilities disrupted these
plans.
P ig iron production facilities also
either are antiquated or controlled
by the Japanese. A ccordin g to statis­
tics available, China produced a
total o f 650,000 tons o f p ig iron in
both 1936 and 1935.
Ore reserves, which have been s u f­
ficient to support a crude native in­
dustry fo r 25 centuries, w ould not
su pport a m odern industry with
capacity equal to that o f the United
States fo r m ore than nine years.
F or m any years China w as an ou t­
let fo r scrap m aterial such as old
horseshoes, files, tin plate clippings,
bar ends, etc., w hich the handym en
fashioned into u seful articles. H orse­
shoes becam e p low points, and old
files, kn ife blades.
Chinese im ports o f iron and steel
w ere 70,000 tons in 1890 and by
1935 and 1936 had increased to m ore
than 500,000 tons.
C
Rising Prices Seen as
Threat to Recovery
R isin g prices and unw arranted
labor demands will hinder business
re co v e ry unless checked by reason­
able restraint on the part o f busi­
ness and labor leaders, says H enry
H. Heim ann, executive m anager,
N ational A ssociation o f Credit Men,
in his m on th ly business review .
T he situation abroad and spiraling
prices at hom e m akes necessary
dow nw ard revisions o f business ex­
pectations expressed earlier, h e p re­
dicts.
“ S om e o f the unw arranted labor
demands by irresponsible union
leaders are im possible. W ere these
demands to becom e nation-wide and
agreed to, w e would soon experience
another setback— a unionization de­
pression.”
Pennsylvania steelw orks em p loy ­
m ent in A ugu st declined 0.2 per cent
fro m July but w as 21.2 per cent
above A ugust, 1936, accord in g to the
F ederal R eserve bank at P hiladel­
phia. T he bank’s A ugu st index stood
at 85.8, w ith the average from 1923
to 1925 taken as 100.
19
Labor
E A T E D argum ents betw een com ­
pany counsel and the national
la bor relations board attorneys and
exam iners continued to m ark the
tedious hearings in three independ­
ent steel com pany cases last week.
The R epu blic Steel Corp. hearing
was shifted to Cleveland from
Y oungstow n, O., Thursday. E vi­
dence it had not coerced em ployes
nor dism issed w orkers fo r union ac­
tivity was pi’esented by the com pany.
Board attorneys continually ob ject­
ed to R epu blic’s defense evidence
and objection s generally were u p­
held by John T. Lindsay, trial e x ­
aminer.
Counsel fo r W eirton Steel Co. in
the hearing at Steubenville, O., o b ­
tained an adm ission that the SWOC
had con ferred on several occasions
with national labor relations board
officials before filing charges against
the com pany.
In response to questioning, Clin­
ton S. Golden o f the SW OC testi­
fied that “ on several occasions after
we had reports o f interference with
the w ork o f ou r organizers, we called
upon the labor board and told them
abou t it.”
H
SWOC Official Won’t Tell
L ater at Johnstown, Pa., where a
hearing against Bethlehem Steel Co.
is being conducted, Golden refused
to say w hether m em bership in the
A m algam ated A ssociation o f Iron,
Steel and Tin W ork ers carried with
it m em bership in SWOC. Attorneys
fo r the labor board suggested Golden
answ er if able to do so, but the
union officer rem ained silent.
The Steubenville hearing result­
ed in several heated clashes by op ­
p osin g counsel during the week.
Trial E xam iner E. G. Smith’s ru l­
ings w ere frequently protested by
attorneys fo r the com pany as being
unfair.
A form er W eirton em ploye testi­
fied he was discharged because he
was elected a SW O C officer. A few'
minutes later he admitted under
cross-exam ination he had been de­
nied United States citizenship be­
cause he w'as a com m unist.
In Pittsburgh, officials o f the Heppenstall Co., seeking an injunction
to stop picketing at their plant,
charged police stood idly by during
rioting on A ug. 23. N o arrests were
made and there w ere no attempts
to disperse crow ds, the court was
told.
The strike o f the H eppenstall Co.
started July 12.
N um erous independent unions o f
steehvorkers last w eek applied to
the secretary o f state’s office in H ar­
risburg, Pa., fo r corporate charters.
20
The grou ps proposed to establish
civil liability and to insure validity
o f w ork in g agreem ents entered into
with em ployers. A m on g the m any
applications filed w ere such groups
as The Independent B rotherhood
o f M oltrup Steelw orkers, the Inde­
pendent P rotective A ssociation of
E m ployes o f Union D raw n Steel
Co., the Ideal F oundry & M achinery
Co. E m ployes association, and oth ­
ers.
A t Y oungstow n, 14 cases aris­
ing from steel strike disorders were
disposed o f when 29 defendants
pleaded guilty.
T w enty pleaded
guilty to assem bling with intent to
riot and w ere fined $25 and costs.
Thirty-day jail sentences w ere sus­
pended. Nine pleaded guilty to ca r­
rying concealed w eapons and paid
fines o f $50 and costs.
E leven cases w ere nolle prossed
because defendants w ere named in
m ore than one case. F ou r w ere dis­
missed.
INLAND GROUP INSURANCE
REACHES ALL-TIME RECORD
Group insurance totaling $33,759,900, coverin g lives o f 17,544 Inland
Steel Co., Chicago, em ployes, was
in effect A ug. 31. This is an alltim e record, both in am ount and
num ber o f em ployes protected. It
averages m ore than $1900 per em ­
ploye.
Inland’s insurance plan covers all
em ployes from laborers to execu ­
tive officers. Policies are fro m $1000
to $10,000. Costs are paid join tly by
the com pan y and em ployes.
Since its institution in 1930, 400
claim s totaling $534,575 have been
paid. This averages $1336.
HARVESTER TO DISBURSE
$4,400,000 TO EMPLOYES
International H arvester Co., Chi­
cago, will distribute $4,400,000 extra
com pensation to its 65,000 em ployes
in the United States and Canada.
This yea r’s paym ent is approxim ate­
ly double last yea r’s. It will be dis­
bursed after Oct. 31, end o f the co m ­
pan y’s fiscal year.
E m ployes with one fu ll yea r’s
service will receive com pensation
equal to one w eek ’s pay. T hose with
tw o years’ service w ill receive tw o
w eeks’ extra pay and those with
three years o r m ore, w ill receive
three w eeks’ extra pay.
PRICES, OUTPUT LAG BEHIND
INCREASES GRANTED LABOR
Industry has not been co m ­
pensated either through increased
production or better prices fo r the
higher w ages and shorter hours
granted labor in the past year, ac­
cordin g to the National Industrial
C onference board.
Between Julv, 1936, and July,
1937, labor cost per man-hour in­
creased 14.9 p er cent, sa.ys the
board. “ This increase in labor cost
has not been offset by increased
productivity, either on the part o f
labor or through m echanization and
im proved m ethods. N um ber o f manhours per unit o f output increased
3.8 per cent, while the output p er
man-hour in July, 1937, was 3.7 per
cent b elow that fo r July, 1936. A s
a result labor cost per unit o f out­
put has risen 19.3 per cent during
the past year, and labor cost p er
each $100 value o f output, which
takes into account the rise in prices,
has increased 9.6 per cent.”
M ETAL TRADES EMPLOYMENT
FALLS SLIGHTLY IN AUGUST
M etal trades em ploym ent in 22
leading cities declined sligh tly in
A ugust, accordin g to the National
M etal Trades association, Chicago.
The association’s index fo r A ugu st
stood at 104.7 per cent, 0.2 less than
in July. Index is based on m onthly
average fro m 1925 to 1927.
U. S. HAS FEW ER STRIKES
TH AN FOREIGN COUNTRIES
Industrial disputes in general have
been less widespread in the United
States than in other countries, Can­
ada and Irish F ree State excepted,
a ccordin g to an analysis b y the N a­
tional Industrial C onference board.
F rom 1923 to 1929, an annual aver­
age o f 38 persons per 10,000 popula­
tion w ere involved in strikes or lock ­
outs. This com pares with averages
ran gin g fro m 26 in Canada to 157
in Great Britain and N orthern Ire­
land during the sam e years.
Between 1930 and 1936, the United
States average had risen to 61. Irish
F ree State and Canada averaged 24
and 25, respectively. Spain averaged
194; Belgium , 170; France, 114; P o ­
land, 84; Great Britain and N orthern
Ireland, 63.
General strikes have been respon ­
sible fo r the relatively large num ber
o f persons involved in industrial dis­
putes in certain years.
In Great
Britain, fo r exam ple, 605 persons per
10,000 population w ere involved in
strikes and lockouts in 1926, which
accounts la rgely fo r that cou n try ’s
high average in the 1923-1929 period.
Canada Produces 1 7 ,9 4 1
A u to m o b ile s in July
A u tom obile production in Canada
in July totaled 17,941, a sharp de­
cline fro m June’s 23,841, but an in ­
crease over the 10,475 m ade in
July, 1936. Cars and trucks made
fo r exp ort totaled 8127, against
6809 in June and 4561 in July, 1936.
F o r seven m onths this year, p ro­
duction w as 146,512 units, a 26 per
cent increase over the 116,423 units
m ade in the first seven m onths o f
1936.
/TEEL
M,en
nam ed m anager o f P ittsburgh w eld­
in g sales. H e w ill be assisted by
J. H. Painter, M. S. Schonvizner,
R. H. Schuster and H. E. W hite.
ok
4
U nJ.u 5.ttu
OHN M A Y has been elected vice
president in ch arge o f sales,
A m erican Steel & W ire Co.,
Cleveland, subsidiary
o f United
States Steel Corp. H e succeeds D en ­
nis A. M errim an, w ho is retiring.
Mr. M ay’s service with the com pany
dates back to F ebruary, 1909, when
he w as em ployed in the order de­
partm ent o f the N ew Y ork office.
H e then w as transferred to W o rce s­
ter, Mass., as assistant to the educa­
tional director, and later returned
to N ew Y ork as correspondent in
the electrical and w ire rope sales
division. H e held positions as as­
sistant m anager o f sales, m anager
o f sales, assistant general m anager
and in M arch this year was made
general m anager o f sales.
Mr. M errim an retires after better
than 46 years’ service with the co m ­
pany and its predecessors, having
first been em ployed as a salesm an
with the St. L ouis W ire Mill Co. in
1891. He was general m anager of
sales fro m D ecem ber, 1927, to F eb ­
ruary, 1937, and had been vice presi­
dent since April, 1928.
J
♦
♦
♦
Gustav Laub, general m anager o f
sales, Vanadium Corp. o f Am erica,
N ew Y ork, has been appointed as­
sistant vice president and general
m anager o f sales o f the com pany.
♦
♦
♦
W . A. Haven, vice president,
A rth u r G. M cK ee & Co., Cleveland,
sailed Saturday fo r England. He
will spend considerable tim e at the
plant o f the A ppleby-F rodingham
Steel Co. Ltd., Scunthorpe, L in coln ­
shire, England.
♦
♦
♦
J. A. Callahan, head o f the diver­
sified division o f B i'iggs M fg. Co.,
D etroit, fo r the past seven years,
has resigned. He is succeeded by
W . F . B. H enderson, w h o has held
several executive positions with the
com pany.
4
4
4
John
M ay
General E lectric Co. w here, save
fo r the war-tim e years, he had been
em ployed since 1912. He held posi­
tions as general su pervisor o f in­
ven tory control, general supervisor
o f salvage w ork, general supervisor
o f waste and spoilage con trol and
during his last fe w years devoted
his tim e to special cost reduction ac­
tivities.
4
4
4
C. E. N oble has been placed in
charge o f the P ittsburgh office re ­
cen tly opened b y the P yrom eter
Service & S upply Corp., Cleveland.
P revious to his association w ith the
P yrom eter corporation he was as­
sistant m etallurgist, E. C. Atkins
Co., Indianapolis.
4
4
Septem ber 27, 1937
4
4
4
L. O. B urrell and W . A. Snyder,
fo rm e rly identified with Crucible
Steel Co. o f A m erica, have been ap­
pointed to the B uffalo sales s ta ff
o f P eter A . F rasse & Co. Inc., N ew
Y ork. T h ey w ill specialize in tool
and alloy steels. C. Paul Erlenbach,
also
fo rm e rly with Crucible, has
been appointed, in a like capacity,
to the N ew Y ork sales staff.
4
4
4
W illiam G. M ather, chairm an o f
the board, Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Co.,
Cleveland, celebrated his eightieth
birthday anniversary Sept. 22. A
grou p o f M ichigan division officials
join ed Cleveland associates at a
birthday dinner fo r the man w ho
was president o f Cleveland-Cliffs 41
years. In 1933 he assum ed the chair­
manship.
4
4
4
F. S. Spear has becom e identified
with the Y ou n g R adiator Co., Racine,
W is. H e w ill supervise the produ c­
tion o f Y ou n g products being su p­
plied to the autom otive, tractor, air
4
4
4
conditioning and heating industries.
E.
S. W ebster has been appointed H e fo rm e rly had been associated
district m anager o f sales at B alti­
with Stew art-W arner Corp., Chicago,
m ore fo r C entral Iron & Steel Co.,
and b e fo re that w as w ith the O liver
succeeding H. M. F oster, resigned.
F arm E quipm ent Co. and Hart-Parr
H e has been associated w ith Central
T ra ctor Co.
the past ten years in sales capacities,
4
4
4
w ith headquarters at H arrisburg,
G.
R.
M
unschauer
w as honored
Pa.
Sept. 14 w ith a testim onial cerem on y
4
4
4
and presentation on the occasion o f
W . R. Persons, w h o has been
his fortieth anniversary with the
w ork in g in the P ittsburgh office o f
N iagara M achine & T ool W orks,
L incoln
E lectric
Co.,
Cleveland,
B uffalo. D uring his 40 years asso­
since the fall o f 1934, has been
ciation with the organization, Mr.
M unschauer has actively served in
all divisions o f the business. H e be­
cam e president and general m ana­
g e r in 1918.
4
4
S ydney W . Jones has been ap­
pointed purchasing agent, Shepard
Niles Crane & H oist Corp., M ontour
Falls, N. Y. H e succeeds the late
A delbert G. Clark. Mr. Jones has
been identified with the engineering
departm ent since 1919.
4
Charles H. M cK night has becom e
associated with A llegh en y Steel Co.,
Brackenridge, Pa., as special sales
representative. F ollow in g gradua­
tion fro m V irginia P olytech n ic in­
stitute with a degree in electrical
engineering, he im m ediately joined
4
C. A. Carrell has been named
sales representative in G eorgia fo r
A cm e Steel Co., Chicago. H e will
take up the sales and service duties
p erform ed by the late H ugh Duane.
A ssociated with A cm e Steel fo r 17
years, he will m ake his headquarters
in the A tlanta office.
C h a rle s H . M c K n ig h t
4
4
H. S. Reizenstein has been appoint­
ed contract m anager o f W estinghouse E lectric International Co. A
graduate in electrical engineering
and business adm inistration from
the U niversity o f P ittsburgh, Mr.
Reizenstein entered the W estinghouse com pan y in 1910. In 1913 he
becam e m anager o f the order depart­
m ent; in 1915, m anager o f the price
departm ent o f the International com ­
pany. Pie served as m anager o f the
advertising departm ent from 1918
until b ein g made con tract m anager.
Mr. R eizenstein w ill have ch arge o f
the fo llo w in g im portant related divi­
sion s: Order division, stock control
21
division, purchasing
clerical division.
division,
and
Carl E. Petersen has been placed
in chai'ge o f the N ew Y ork office o f
N ew p ort N ew s Shipbuilding & D ry
D ock Co., 90 Broad street. As noted
in S t e e l , Sept. 18, page 28, the com ­
pany is concentrating m any o f its
N ew Y ork activities at N ew port
N ew s, Va., with the resu lt that Capt.
R o g e r W illiam s, vice president, and
Jam es Plum m er, H. Kenneth P ee­
bles and D. G. M oorehead are m ov­
in g their offices to Virginia.
C. Clark W ales has resigned as
ch ief engineer o f Otis Steel Co.,
Cleveland, to becom e associated with
A lg om a Steel Corp. Ltd., Sault Ste.
M arie, Ont., in the capacity o f as-
to the m anager o f the central sta­
tion and transportation division.
M r. M cM anigal will m ake his head­
quarters at 150 Broadw ay, N ew
York.
♦
♦
♦
Charles H. Keeney, w h o p rior to
1928 was associated with Connecticut
B low er Co., H artford, Conn., m aker
o f air handling equipm ent, has
again becom e identified with the
com pany as general m anager and
ch ief engineer. A m echanical en­
gineer and a native o f Connecticut,
Mr. K eeney has had a w ide ex ­
perience o f over 29 years, technical
and practical, in the blow er field.
He has invented and patented a num ­
ber o f machines, products and sy s­
tem s in the air handling equipm ent
line.
♦
♦
♦
Ralph L. W ilson, fo rm e rly metal­
lurgical engineer, T im ken Steel &
Tube division o f T im ken R oller
Bearing Co., has becom e associated
with Clim ax M olybdenum Co., in
the capacity o f m etallurgical en gi­
neer in its developm ent field. He
will m ake his headquarters in the
Canton, O., offices o f the com pany.
A graduate o f Lehigh university in
1921, Mr. W ilson served on the m et­
allurgical staff o f United A lloy Steel
Corp. fr o m 1921 to 1926 and w ith its
su ccessor the Central A lloy Steel
Corp. until 1928. H e then join ed the
Tim ken organization as assistant
m etallurgical engineer.
C . C la r k W a le s
sistant general m anager, effective
Sept. 15. He joined Otis Steel in
1925 as assistant ch ief m etallurgist
and later becam e superintendent o f
the open hearth, bloom and bar
m ills. He was made ch ief engineer
in 1929.
R a y Fenton has been named chief
engineer fo r the Otis com pany. He
fo rm e rly had been m anager o f the
sheet, tin and strip division o f AetnaStandard E ngineering Co., Y ou n gs­
tow n, O., and before that w as ch ief
engineer fo r N ew ton Steel Co.
John McC. L atim er has been ap­
pointed exclusive representative in
the western Pennsylvania territory
by L ukenw eld Inc., designer and
builder o f welded steel structures,
Coatesville, Pa. His headquarters
are in the K oppers building, P itts­
burgh. F ollow in g graduation from
Lehigh university as a civil engineer
in 1918, he enlisted in the arm y en­
gineer corps and a fter his discharge
joined the Easton Car & C onstruc­
tion Co., Easton, Pa. In 1925 he
established his ow n business as a
m an u factu rers’ representative, hand­
lin g the accounts o f E aston Car
& Construction Co., W orth in gton
P um p & M achinery Corp. and DeW alt P roducts Corp.
T P
le d :
IL L IA M G. COSTIN, 62, chair­
man o f the board and trea­
surer, P ittsburgh S crew & Bolt
Corp., Pittsburgh, in that city, Sept.
21. Born on the eastern shore o f
V irginia in N ortham pton county, he
went to P ittsburgh at the age o f 19.
A fte r a year in a clerical position
w ith a packing firm, he entered the
em ploy o f the new ly form ed P itts­
burgh S crew & B olt Co. In 1899 he
w as nam ed secretary; in 1903 was
m ade general m anager, in 1909 he
was elected president and in 1921
chairm an.
W
M ax F. Schwab, 50, superin­
tendent, Luntz Iron & Steel Co.,
Canton, O., in Cleveland, Sept. 12.
John G. R alston, 59,
years president, R eynolds
D ixon, 111., in that city,
H e had been associated
com pan y 26 years.
♦
♦
♦
John C. Kahl, 57, m anager o f the
V andergrift, Pa., plant o f United E n ­
gineering & F oun dry Co., Pittsburgh,
Sept. 21, in that city. ' He had been
m anager o f the V andergrift plant
21 years.
♦
22
J oh n M cC . L a tim e r
♦
♦
C. L. H ippensteel, 40, a m em ber
o f the technical staff o f Bell T ele­
phone L aboratories, N ew Y ork, in
M ontclair, N. J., Sept. 20. F o r the
past 16years he had been engaged
in chem ical research on the atm os­
pheric coi’rosion o f protective metal
coatings on iron and steel. He was
a m em ber, A m erican Chem ical so­
ciety, A m erican E lectro-chem ical so­
ciety and A m erican Society fo r
T esting M aterials.
♦
R. D. M cM anigal has been ap­
pointed m anager o f the central sta­
tion and transportation division o f
W estingh ou se E lectric International
Co. H e join ed the W estinghouse
com p an y in 1915. F o r seven years,
excep t fo r a period o f service in the
n avy during the war, he was in
the general engineering division at
E ast Pittsburgh. In 1922 he went
to Japan as railw ay specialist fo r
W estingh ou se E lectric International
Co. and later was m ade m anaging
director o f the W estinghouse E lec­
tric Co. o f Japan. In 1931 he re ­
turned to N ew Y ork as assistant
fo r seven
W ire Co.,
Sept. 22.
with the
♦
♦
E.
C. Felton, 79, lon g prom inent
in the steel industry until his r e ­
tirem ent in 1916, in H averford, Pa.,
Sept. 18. Thirty-six years with the
steel industry, he served fo r 20 years
as president o f the P ennsylvania
Steel Co., w hich later was absorbed
by the Bethlehem Steel Co. H e was
a director o f the P ennsylvania rail­
road at the tim e o f his death. He
was a m em ber, A m erican Iron and
Steel institute, A m erican Society o f
M echanical E ngineers, A m erican In­
stitute o f M ining and M etallurgical
E ngineers and Franklin institute.
/TE EL
A c tiv itie s of Steel
Users and M akers
m e r ic a n
r o llin g
m ill
CO., M iddletow n, O., reports
shipm ents o f iron and steel sheets,
exclusive o f its subsidiary com ­
panies, w ere grea ter in the first
eight m onths o f 1937 than in any
com p arable period in the com p a n y ’s
history. T hey w ere 48 per cent
la rg er than in the first eight m onths
o f 1929 and 14 per cent ov er 1936.
An im portant fa cto r has been the
expanding use o f iron and steel
specialty grades o f sheets used in
the m anufacture o f ranges and re ­
frigerators. Shipm ents o f stainless
sheets and strip have also show n a
very la rg e increase.
A
♦
♦
♦
Sm ith P ow er T ransm ission Co.,
Cleveland, has m oved its offices,
shops and w arehouse into new qu ar­
ters at 410 Lakeside avenue, N orth ­
west.
♦
♦
♦
Iron & Steel Products Inc., Hegew isch station, Chicago, has pur­
chased fo r dism antling lu m ber mills
at A ndrew s and G eorgetow n, S. C.,
and B urgaw , N. C.
♦
♦
♦
Ax'mstrong M fg. Co., 2135 N orth ­
w est Tw enty-first avenue, Portland,
Oreg., has added to its line o f
products a new autom atic rip saw
sharpening m achine.
♦
♦
♦
tons o f washers daily in thousands
o f sizes and shapes.
♦
♦
♦
in the correspon din g m onth o f 1936,
an increase o f 89 per cent.
W estern H ardw are M fg. Co., M il­
waukee, recently developed a new
line consisting o f five sizes o f
portable fo rg e s and also tw o sizes
o f hand fo r g e blow ers, in addition
to its line o f tool grinders, grinding
heads, saw m andrels, etc.
The follow in g six industrial com ­
panies have contracted fo r exhibit
space at the N ew Y ork W orld ’s Fair
o f 1939: Tim ken R oller Bearing Co.,
Canton, O.; A m erican Chain & Ca­
ble Co., N ew Y ork ; A . B. D ick Co.,
D etroit; U nderw ood - Elliott - F ish er
Co., N ew Y ork ; A m erican R adiator
& Standard Sanitary Corp., N ew
York, and B aker & Co., N ew ark,
N. J.
♦
♦
♦
Crucible Steel Co. o f A m erica has
appointed P eter A. F rasse & Co.
Inc., N ew Y ork, as distributor o f
Crucible high speed and tool steels
in the N ew Y ork, Philadelphia, B u f­
falo,
R ochester,
Syracuse,
and
Jam estow n, N. Y., H artford, Conn.,
and B altim ore districts.
♦
♦
♦
E dw ard G. Budd M fg. Co., P hila­
delphia, has started w ork on a stain­
less steel, light-w eight elevator plat­
form to be installed inside the dom e
o f the 200-inch reflector telescope
to be erected on Mt. Palom ar, Calif.
T he elevator is being fabricated
through use o f the Shotweld process.
♦
♦
♦
C om m onw ealth Edison Co., Chi­
cago, reports air conditioning con ­
tracts closed in C hicago during
A u gu st set a new high, both in num ­
ber and capacity o f installations.
Contracts fo r 51 installations w ere
com pleted, com pared with 27 closed
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
B erger M fg. Co., Canton, O., a
subsidiary o f R epublic Steel Corp.,
Cleveland, has acquired a five-year
lease on a three-story warehouse,
with 40,000 square fe e t o f floor
space at 1431 N orth Second street,
St. Louis, to be used as a sou rce
o f su pply in this territory fo r Berloy blue label sheet metal building
products.
T he B erger
com pan y
has a 30-acre plant at Y oungstow n,
O., w here it m anufactures building
products. H orace A . W illiam s has
been appointed m anager o f the new
w arehouse. He was form erly with
the B erger com pany, which he
served in various capacities from
1910 to 1930, when the concern tem ­
porarily discontinued the m an u fac­
ture o f building products. H e has
since been active in the sheet m etal
industry in the St. Louis territory.
M a n - H ours Per U n it of Steel P ro d u c tio n D e c lin e
IRON AND S T E E L
R epublic Steel Corp. has resum ed
operations at its N o. 2 electric weld
pipe finishing m ill in Y oungstow n,
O., follow in g a fire at the paint m a­
chine serving this mill.
♦
♦
♦
Heppenstall Co., produ cer o f dies,
forg in g s, sh afting and oth er sim ilar
products, has m oved its N ew Y ork
offices from 30 R ock efeller Plaza,
to the S inger building, 149 B road­
way.
♦
♦ ♦
Bliss & L aughlin Inc., H arvey, 111.,
has com pleted construction o f its
new plant addition at B uffalo. The
additional space is to be used largely
fo r storage, but w ill be available fo r
expansion o f m an u factu rin g activi­
ties if business volu m e warrants.
♦
♦ ♦
W rou g h t W ash er M fg. Co., M il­
w aukee, m an u factu rer o f w ashers
and stam pings, is celebrating its
fiftieth anniversary this year. W hen
the com pany, then know n as the
N u t & W ash er M fg. Co., started
business in 1887, it produced about
a ton o f w ashers a day, w hereas
today it is equipped to produ ce 70
Septem ber 27, 1937
T~\ECLINE of labor’s proportional contribution in the iron and steel industry
is illustrated in this National Industrial Conference board chart. H ere the
board uses “ man-hours per unit of production” to measure labor requirement,
indicating more clearly labor’s relation to output than the comm only used “ pro­
duction per m a n - h o u r T h e latter often is misinterpreted as indicating in­
creasing efficiency or productivity of labor when increase is due to greater use
of machinery and mechanical power
23
S IX SETS OF R O U G H A N D F IN IS H E D PARTS M A C H IN E D O N O N E TYPE " J " MULT-AUMATIC. THE M A CH IN IN G TIME O F THE FASTEST JO B IS 16 SEC. OF THE S L O W E S T .4 9 S E C
T h i s M u lt - A u - M a t ic is to o l e d to do several different
jobs at p er iod ic intervals with only slight changes
in to o li ng set-up . . . Howe ver, if for any reason it
is d e s i r a b l e t o c h a n g e t h e s e q u e n c e o f s c h e d u l e
runs, this m a y be d o n e s im p ly a n d q u ic k l y . . .
M u l t - A u - M a t i c to o l i n g to meet such conditions is b e ­
coming increasingly p o p u la r . Let Bullard Engineers
f i g u r e y o u r j o b s f o r S e r i e s Runs . . . t h o s e jo b s
which are a p p r o x i m a t e l y the same design except
fo r d im e n s io n a l or s lig h t c o n to u r d iffe re n ce s.
THE B U L L A R D C O M P A N Y
BR ID GE PO RT
24
CONNECTICUT
/TEEL
D ET R O IT
L L production o f 1937 passen­
g e r ca r m odels having been
com pleted, and a g ood start
m ade on the upsw ing to 1938 assem ­
blies, the labor question is b ecom ­
in g m ore and m ore im portant. W hat
w ill be the attitude o f union labor,
and m ore particularly those w h o are
d irectin g the U A W m ovem ent, to ­
w ard em ployers once the slack has
been drawn ou t o f the labor m a r­
k e t? W h at w ill be the attitude o f
U A W button-w earers tow ard their
lea d ers? W hat w ill be the net effect
o n p ay envelopes?
One shrew d observer in this dis­
trict, w h o has been intim ately asso­
ciated w ith autom obile production
o v e r the past decade, w hen asked
these questions, replied substantially
as fo llo w s:
F igu re it ou t fo r you rself.
In
the 1937 m odel season up to inven­
tory, labor in m ost cases w as put­
tin g in 45 h ours o f w ork per week.
T his included the regu la r 40 hours
and 5 hours o f overtim e at time-anda-half pay. A ssum e an h ou rly rate
o f $1. This m eans a w eek ly pay
envelope o f $47.50.
A
B Y A. H. ALLEN
Detroit E d ito r, STEEL
it has been done, so w hat n o w ? ’
T he answ er inevitably w ill be
demands fo r h igh er wages, o r a drift
on the part o f the m en tow ard a
calm balancing o f ju st w hat their
union affiliation has and has not
brought them.
Considering auto­
m obile prices have been advanced
tw ice within the last tw o m onths
to keep up w ith risin g m aterial costs
and w age increases granted earlier,
it is difficult to see h ow fu rth er u p­
w ard adjustm ents in w a ges can be
made.
But already the U A W is reported
to be asking G eneral M otors fo r
higher m inim um rates, reduction o f
the w ork w eek to 35 hours, vaca­
tions with pay and other con ces­
sions in exchange fo r extending
perm ission to the com pan y to disci­
pline instigators o f “ w ildcat” strikes.
A com m ittee representing the U A W
has been con ferrin g with General
M otors officials, but negotiations
have been slow , at the m om ent sus­
pended, and no agreem ent has yet
been reached.
N aturally, elim ination o f over­
tim e w ork m eans an appreciable
saving in labor costs w hich can be
applied partly to am ortize the huge
investm ent in equipm ent, and partly
to provide a cushion fo r fu rth er
w age increases.
Plym outh local o f U A W last
Thursday presented new dem ands
Fender Blanks Receive P relim inary Bend
W ill Try To Avoid Overtime
N ow , w hen the 1938 production
season gets into fu ll sw ing, the w ork
w eek is goin g to be 40 houi’s— no
m ore if it can be helped. T he w eek ­
ly pay envelope w ill be reduced
ju st 19 per cent. A fte r he deducts
his union dues, the laborer’s earn­
ings will be whittled still further.
A 20 per cent cut in pay is so m e ­
thing to be reckoned with, and it
seem s reasonable to expect a how l
to be forth com in g. But, the a u to­
m obile dealers can sa y : “ Y ou asked
fo r a reduction o f the w ork w eek to
40 hours, so w e have given it to
you . W e have gon e to great ex ­
pense to re-equip and m odernize
o u r plants so that w e can keep up
with production demands and still
a void overtim e w ork w hich makes
serious inroads on costs.
It has
taken us about six m onths to adjust
o u r facilities to accom plish this, but
S eptem ber 27, 1937
j p R O N T fender blanks for Pontiac are given a preliminary bend by hand be­
fore the first press drawing operation. Sheet steel blan\s of the peculiar
shape shown are required for the long-deep-drawn fenders currently in use
25
to the m anagem ent including mini­
m um hourly w age o f $1, posting o f
seniority dates on tim ecards, tim e
and a h a lf fo r Saturday and double
tim e fo r Sunday, discharge by the
com p an y o f officers o f independent
C hrysler E m ployes association and
reinstatem ent o f three U AW men
recen tly discharged fo r part in fight.
A ttem pts are being m ade to iron
ou t the dissension in plant over pro­
duction speeds on 1938 m odels. N e­
gotiation s w ith the m anagem ent
started at once.
Other rum blings o f discontent
echo
around m o t o r d o m
and
are interpreted by som e as sym p ­
tom s o f what is to com e. The UAW
local at the Y ellow T ruck & Coach
division o f GM in Pontiac took a
secret strike vote last w eek in p ro­
test over the com pan y’s proposal to
pay production men, regularly re­
ceiving 95 cents an hour, only 80
cents an hour during inventory this
week. Count o f votes showed 2804
to 238 in fa v or o f the strike. Un­
ion officials announced F riday that
the con troversy had been settled and
the strike threat rem oved. It was
understood
a
com prom ise
was
reached with the management.
A u to m o b ile P ro d uction
Passenger Cars and T rucks— United
States and Canada
By Departm ent o f Com m erce
Jan.
Feb.
March
April
May
June
July
7 mos.
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
1935
300,335
350,346
447,894
477,059
3S1.S09
372,085
345,297
2,674,825
245,075
92,728
280,316
408,550
418,317
1936
377,244
300,810
438,943
527,625
480,518
469,368
451,206
3,045,714
275,934
139,820
230,049
405,799
518,958
Year
4,119,811
4,616,274
1937
399,634
383,698
519,177
553,415
540,357
521,139
456,775
3,374,195
♦370,000
Estim ated by W ard’s A u to m o tiv e R eports
Week ended:
. . 83,310
Aug. 28 ...............
4
. . 64,200
. . 59,017
Sept. 11 ...............
. . 130,150
Sept. 18 ..........
. . 28,030
Sept. 25 ...............
W eek ending
Sept. IS
Sept. 25
General M otors . . . . . 14,000
13,700
t 5,000
t 1,750
Chrysler .................
3,075
t 9,700
All others ............... . 10,955
♦Estimated.
tR cviscd.
“Deputies” Jail Nonunionists
M em bers o f the nearby Fish­
ery B ody local w ere scheduled to
m eet Sunday to discuss plant con­
ditions, seniority, dismissals and
a possible strike.
A strange incident occurred in
connection with the Great Lakes
Steel blast fu rn ace construction job
in E corse. T he engineering organi­
zation erecting the stack brought in
25 skilled w orkers fro m Cleveland
after it w as fou n d im possible to o b ­
tain the required help here. The
m en w ere nonunion and on several
occasions dem onstrations w ere called
at the jo b site b y the union o f struc­
tural iron and steel w orkers, CIO
affiliate. H ow ever, the trouble ap­
parently was settled until last week
when three o f the men w ere seized
by cou nty deputies after leaving
w ork, and throw n into jail. W hen
five m ore o f the crew w ent to the
ja il to inquire about their fellow
w orkers, they too w ere jailed and
held incom m unicado fo r som e five
hours. L ater it developed the dep­
uties w ere m em bers o f the UAW ,
one o f them being a business agent
fo r the union. T hey claim ed the
m en w ere held as “ suspicious char26
acters” and released them on ly after
their em ployer and law yers put in
appearance and identified them. The
county sheriff prom ised an “ investi­
gation.”
RCHITECTS are at w ork lay­
ing out the new press shop
and body plant fo r Ford, m entioned
in these colum ns several weeks ago.
The structure will be tw o stories, it
is understood, and will involve ex­
penditure o f close to $5,000,000, add­
ing appreciably to F ord ’s capacity
on body production.
In reference to the statem ent in
this colum n last w eek to the effect
that F ord had closed on last-quarter
sheet steel requirem ents fo r ap p rox i­
m ately 250,000 cars, it appears that
com paratively little tonnage was
purchased, a considerable portion o f
F ord ’s im m ediate requirem ents be­
ing supplied from its ow n m ills and
from stock. T he larger sheet p ro­
ducers did not share in the recent
allotm ent of. tonnage and still are
ob jectin g to the changes in w eight
tolerances proposed b y Ford.
Early schedules on F ord bodies
A
fo r 1938 indicate production fo r the
m odel season is being set at around
1.100.000 job s. O f these, B riggs w ill
build a total o f approxim ately 210,000 in three models, M urray about
140.000 in eight body styles, w ith the
balance divided betw een F ord and
Budd. T he latter builds on ly com ­
m ercial bodies, w hich w ould m ean
a total o f possibly 650,000 bodies to
be built at the R ou g e plant.
In this connection it is interesting
to note that M urray will have a con ­
siderably higher sam ple cost to
ch arge against its production than
w ill B riggs, w hile the latter will
su pply a greater total o f bodies.
A figure o f $8000-$10,000 is m en­
tioned as approxim ating the cost o f
building up a new body by hand pre­
paratory to production.
Budd, incidentally, holds a num ­
ber o f im portant patents on steel
body construction and som e observ­
ers here w ill tell you this is one
reason F ord gives Budd a portion
o f his body business. T o w h at ex ­
tent, if at all, present universallyused steel bodies m ay in frin ge on
Budd patents is a m atter too delicate
to exam ine in detail, but there is no
lack fo r speculation on the subject,
and it gives corporation attorneys
som ething to probe. Budd sh ortly
will begin shipm ent o f 175 P lym outh
coupe bodies, assem blies p reviou sly
made b y P lym outh from stam pings
produced by Budd in Philadelphia.
Speaking o f bodies, there a re
plenty o f assem bly line headaches
being caused these days b y delays in
receipt or com pletion o f new bodies.
It is not an uncom m on sight to see
row s o f bodies all ready fo r instal­
lation on chassis except fo r sh ortag e
o f som e pai't or parts. Hupp, f o r
exam ple, has been delayed rather
seriously in receipt o f plastic m old­
ings fo r instrum ent panels, the d if­
ficulty being traced back to delays
in cutting the dies fo r the part.
H upp and Studebaker, by the way,
w ere the first to release advertising
on 1938 m odels, and the fa ct that
this advertising had to be prepared
fro m fo u r to six weeks in advance
o f publication indicates the m odels
pictured m ust have been hand-as­
sem bled samples.
R U CK m anufacturers are com ­
ing closer to the finish line f o r
the current year and are draw ing
up prelim inary plans fo r a bu m per
sales crop next year. Federal T ruck
sh ortly will be in the field with five
new com m ercial m odels. C hevrolet
is planning to realign its truck parts
production facilities, with sam e subassem blies shifted to the new Tonawanda, N. Y., plant, in order to
relieve congestion elsew here. Chev­
rolet expects to turn ou t close t o
180.000 com m ercial jo b s next year.
(P lea se turn to P a g e 91)
T
/T E E L
ck costs
WITH MANVILLE COLD HEADERS
® Are you turning out small parts
with drop forging or screw ma­
chines? If you are, there is a good
chance that Manville Cold Headers
can save you much money.
The
older methods of making small parts
use expensive bar stock. Now, Man­
ville Cohl-Forging machines often
make these products from wire in
coils. W ire costs about 1 4 % less
than bar stock. Sometimes the dif­
ference between the price o f bar
stock and wire is even greater.
There is every reason for cold forg­
ing small parts whenever possible.
Stock is cheaper. No stock waste.
Production 2 0 % to 7 0 % faster.
Strength often increased.
And
Manville machines are automatic.
In addition to Cold Headers, Man­
ville also makes Screw Thread Rol­
lers, Screw Slotters, Bolt Head
Trimmers and Cold Pressed Nut
Machines. Every one is high speed
and stamina-proved in the country’ s
largest factories.
Find out what
cold forging can do for you. Write
our engineering department for
recommendations drawn up with­
out any obligation.
THE E. J. MANVILLE MACHINE CO.
W a te rb u ry , C o n n .
1 2 0 9 S w etla n d B u ild in g , C lev ela n d , O h io
Septem ber 27, 1937
27
"Barnes-m ade" SPRING APPLICATIONS
Automotive Equipment
A ir Brakes
A n ti R attlers
A u to Bodies
Brakes
Brake Bands
Brake R od s
Brake Shoes
Carburetors
Clutch
Curtains
G enerators
Grease Cups
H ead Lights
H ood H ooks
H orns
Ignitions
M ufflers
O dom eters
Oil Cups
Shock A bsorbers
Speedom eters
Stabilators
Starters
S top Lights
T ail Lights
T im ers
T ire C onnections
Transm issions
V alves
W in dow s
Brushes
Cords
Curling Irons
Curling Iron H olders
E lectric Light Sockets
E lectric Light Switches
E lectric L igh t Sw itch Washers
H eaters
Irons
M otors
P neum atic T ools
P neum atic T o o l Clips
Telephones
Toasters
. Vacuum Cleaners
Vibrators
W ashing M achines
A u tom atic Pianos
Bellows
Cornets
H orns
Organs
Phonographs
Pianos
P la y er Pianos
Saxophones
T raps
iice Appliances
R egulators
Hinges
Id ding M achines
tddressing M achines
¡¡i\uto Calls
C abinets and Files
^Casli Registers
Jheck P rotectors
’ C om ptom eters
D ictaphon es
D raw ing Instrum ents
E n velope Sealers
L oose L ea f B ooks
M ailing M achines
N um bering M achines
Stam p Aflixers
tnirnal B oxes
,evers
Cabinet
Chairs
usion Instrum ents
Shears
Diesel Equipment
a CD
Bread M achinery
Can O pening M achines
Drills
D rill Presses
F loor Surfacing M achines
K n ittin g M ach inery
M ov in g Picture M achines
Shoe M achinery
Miscellaneous
Berths
B icycles
B icycle Bells
B icycle Brakes
B icycle Pants Guards
Bracelets
Cameras
Cars
Car W indow s
Cigarette Cases
Clocks
D o o r Checks
E levators
Mlb—tfijd
THE W A L L A C E
D I V I S I O N
SPRINGMAKERS
FOR
THAN
COMPLETE HEAT TREATING EQUIPMENT
B a ttery C lip Parts
B in din g Posts
Jacks
P lu gs
Springs
Spring W ashers
Stam pings
Textile Machinery
B ob b in R ings
C ard R epeaters
D o b b ics
H ead M otion s
L oom s
Lu brication
P ick er Sticks
R eversin g M echanism s
Shuttles
C O . , Bri st ol , C o n n e c t i c u t
A S S O C I A T E D
MORE
Radio
T rolleys
T rolley Catchers
Trusses
Truss A ttachm ents
Vibrators
W in dow
W in dow Screens
W in dow Screen Lifts
W in dow Shades
W renches
W rench W ashers
BARNES
OF
Staplers
T im e Clocks
T im e Locks
T im e R ecorders
T ypew riters
P um p Valves
Punches
Sashes
Scales
Sew ing M achines
Shade R ollers
Shears
Spray Guns
Steam Pum ps
Stethoscopes
Surgical Instrum ents
Suspenders
T axim eters
T ic k e t Punches
T oys
Machinery, M iscellanea
Aeronautical Equipm ent
Antennae Reels
Brakes
Carburetors
Clutch
Fuel Pum ps
Ignitions
O leo Strut Sh ock Absorbers
Parachutes
Push R ods
Starting E quipm en t
Super Chargers
T ail Skids
Valves
V ariable Speed Propcllors
S P R I N G
THREE
C O R P O R A T I O N
QUARTERS
o i l , GAS, e l e c t r i c
SPECIAL DEPARTMENT FOR SMALL ORDERS
28
Musical Insirumenls
Furniture
Aviation
as developed
and in
process o f
developm ent
Exercisers
Fare Registers
Fire Extinguishers
(Small Parts)
Fire Extinguishers
G as C ocks
Gas Engines
Gas H eater W ashers
Gas M eters
G ong Bells
G overnors
Guns
H air Curlers
Electrical Appliances
•
OF
A
CENTURY
ALL STANDARD FINISHES
• EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN CO-OPERATION
/TEEL
W A S H IN G T O N
A B O R ’S fam ily
quarrel ap­
parently w ill flare up again
early next m onth. Speculations
as to the significance o f current
m aneuverings o f W illiam Green,
president o f the A m erican F edera­
tion o f Labor, and John L. Lewis,
head o f the C om m ittee fo r Indus­
trial Organization, are enlivening
the dull season here betw een con ­
gressional sessions.
C hief speculation is that the
“ m om entous action” prom ised by
A F L officials at its D enver con ven ­
tion Oct. 4 will be expulsion o f CIO
unions, suspended at the federation ’s
Tam pa, Fla., m eeting last year.
G reen’s invitation to the CIO to
attend the D enver parley and settle
the unions’ dispute in “ man-to-man”
fash ion received no favorable re ­
sponse from the bu rly L ew is, et al.
L ew is countered by calling a m eet­
ing o f CIO chieftains at A tlantic
City, N. J., Oct. 11, one w eek after
the A F L convention, regarded as a
m ove in anticipation o f expulsion.
L
Frey
Would
Punish
“Rebels”
A stron g hint o f the expected ex­
pulsion cam e fro m John P. Frey,
head o f the m etal trades departm ent
o f the A F L , w h o said he w ould de­
m and drastic action against the
“ rebels.” F rey repeatedly has at­
tacked Lew is and his m ethods.
W h ile no direct com m ent on
G reen’s invitation w as issued b y the
CIO leaders, it w as learned a c­
ceptance w as never seriously con­
sidered. CIO lieutenants contend
the prop osal w as so fram ed that it
w ould prevent a true test o f strength
betw een the rivals. L ew is’ adherents
point out the CIO had on ly about
1,000,000
m em bers
w hen
Lew is
broke aw ay fro m the federation,
w hile the parent union had m ore
than 3,000,000, including the Lew is
faction.
N o w the CIO claim s a m em bership
o f 3,700,000, slightly m ore than the
figure claim ed by the A F L . B ut in
inviting the CIO to drop its cam ­
paign and com e to the convention
Green did not take into consideraS eptem ber 27, 1937
B Y L. M . LA M M
W ashington E d ito r, STEEL
tion (o r did h e ? ) the 2,000,000 Lewis
says he has added to his union.
T hese m en never w ere m em bers o f
the A F L and w ould not be rep ­
resented if the CIO sent delegates
to Denver.
Under such conditions, CIO strate­
gists believe, it w ould be foolhardy
to take notice o f Green’s invitation
to return to the convention floor.
In addition, they claim , the con ven ­
tion m achinery is entirely in the
hands o f the A F L leaders w h o sus­
pended the CIO unions last year and
p robably will expel them this year,
m aking the in terlocu tory divorce de­
cree final.
M eanwhile the A F L
publicly
flaunted its g row in g resentm ent
against the adm inistration’s alleged
partiality to the CIO b y snubbing
Secretary o f L a b or F rances Perkins.
M iss Perkins w as not invited to
speak at the D enver convention, the
first tim e in history, it is said, the
labor secretary has been so slighted.
W hile m any observers interpreted
the snubbing o f M iss Perkins as
resentm ent against the w h ole R o o se ­
velt regim e, others contend it w as
due largely to the dislike som e labor
leaders personally have fo r her.
J. W arren Madden, chairm an o f
the national labor relations board,
has been invited to speak, but the
sam e m en w ho invited him are p re­
parin g to denounce the labor board
fo r in terferin g with A F L -em ployer
contracts. A spokesm an said the
convention will hear a charge M ad­
den’s agents have encouraged un­
affiliated unions to ign ore the A F L
and join forces with the CIO.
N E W NEUTRALITY ACT
PROVISIONS REVIEWED
Increasing seriousness o f the Far
Eastern situation and g row in g re ­
sentm ent expressed b y the state de­
partm ent has directed interest to ­
w ard the new neutrality act a p ­
proved b y the President earlier this
year.
O f course, this act has not yet
been invoked b y the C hief E xecu ­
tive but, as he has repeatedly said
at press conferences, the m atter is
on a "24-hour basis.” Last w eek it
was noted governm ent-ow ned v es­
sels w ere forbidden to ca rry arm s
or m unitions to either Japan or
China.
Under the new neutrality act ex­
portation o f arm s, am m unition or
im plem ents o f w ar fro m the United
States shall be u nlaw ful w hen the
President proclaim s a state o f w ar
betw een foreig n states exists. T he
sam e is to hold true w hen the P resi­
dent finds a state o f civil strife in
foreig n
countries
threatens
th e
peace o f the United States.
The President shall enum erate thearm s, am m unition, and im plem ents
o f w ar w hich shall be prohibited..
R aw m aterials are n ot included
under “ arm s, am m unition or im ple­
m ents o f w ar.” Penalty fo r viola­
tion is provided, and g ood s captured
in violation o f the act are to be
delivered to the secretary o f w ar.
May Restrict Other Articles
W hen the President finds it is
fu rth er necessary fo r the protection
o f the peace o f this country, he shall
issue restrictions on certain addi­
tional articles and shall proclaim
it u nlaw ful fo r an y A m erican vessel
to ca rry such articles. T hese addi­
tional articles nam ed b y the P resi­
dent cannot leave the United States
until all right, title and interest
therein shall have been transferred
to som e foreig n governm ent, agency,
institution, association, partnership,
o r corporation.
T he act fu rth er provides w h en ­
ever the President bans the sh ippin g
o f m unitions, it shall be u nlaw ful
fo r an y person within this cou ntry
to purchase, sell o r exch ange bonds,
securities or other obligations o f th e
govern m en t o f any belligerent state.
H ow ever, the President m ay exem p t
fr o m this ban certain transactions
o f a character cu stom arily used in
29
norm al peacetim e com m ercial deal­
ings.
A
national
m unitions control
board is set up under the act, which,
o f course, is sim ply a continuation
o f the board already in existence
under the old law.
E very person engaged in m anu­
facturing, exportin g o r im porting
im plem ents o f w ar m ust register
with the secretary o f state. Licenses
are issued, but all that provide fo r
trade with belligerent nations are
revoked w hen the President bans
the sale o f im plem ents o f w ar to
such states.
A lso A m erican vessels are p ro­
hibited from carry in g banned arm s
to belligerent states under penalty
o f fine or im prisonm ent, in addition
to forfeitin g the vessel and its cargo
to the governm ent.
in connection with the action o f
the President on governm ent-ow ned
ships, Secretary o f C om m erce R oper
last week, speaking o f other than
governm ent-ow ned vessels, said “ the
procedure fo r the m ovem ent o f
other com m erce to the F ar East re­
mains unchanged.”
H e called attention to the fact
that an exam ination " o f our foreign
trade figures with China and Japan
reveals
during the first seven
m onths o f this year trade with the
United States has appreciably in­
creased over the com parable period
o f 1936.”
DOUGLAS ELEVATED TO
CHAIRMANSHIP OF SEC
Yale L aw P rofessor W illiam Or­
ville ^Douglas last week was appoint­
ed chairm an o f the securities and ex­
change com m ission.
H e succeeds
Jam es M. Landis, w ho resigned to
becom e dean o f the H arvard law
school.
K now n as a liberal, M r. D ou glas’
election presages a vigorou s reg u ­
lation policy b y SEC, m ost observ­
ers believe. His appointm ent was
quietly but persistently opposed in
som e banking and brok erage cir­
cles.
D ouglas cam e to W ash in gton from
Yale university in 1934 to direct the
com m ission ’s investigation o f p ro­
tective com m ittees and reorganiza­
tions. He becam e a m em ber o f the
com m ission in January, 1936; his
term expires in June, 1939.
SUBSTITUTE W AG E HOUR
BILL DRAFTED BY LAMNECK
A substitute bill fo r the pending
hours and w ages legislation is be­
ing drafted by R epresentative Lam neck, Ohio D em ocrat, he announced
last week.
“ M y bill,” he said, “ will contain
none o f the objection able features
which m ake the pending bill u ncon­
stitutional.”
Mr. Lam neck asserted the present
m easure’s provisions are sim ilar to
30
those o f the invalidated N R A in that
they undertake to fix w ages and
hours through a pow erful federal
a gency in W ashington.
He said he expects a special ses­
sion o f con gress “ in six w eeks” and
plans to have his bill ready b y that
time.
RAILROAD CONSOLIDATION
FAVORED BY PRESIDENT
Railroads o f the country should
be consolidated, President R oosevelt
told newsm en last week, but he does
not believe there should be any na­
tionalization o f the roads except as
the last possible resort.
T he question o f his attitude on
railroads cam e up a short tim e ago
in connection with a speech by Car­
roll M iller, chaii'man, the interstate
com m erce com m ission, in w hich he
advocated consolidation, and also be­
cause o f the recent nationalization
o f roads in France. The President
has som e very definite ideas on this
su bject which he has aired several
times and they apparently have not
changed.
FOREIGN TRADE W ITH
AGREEMENT COUNTRIES
UP
The aggregate increase in value
o f exports to all trade agreem ent
countries during 1936 over 1935 was
$110,000,000, while the year’s in ­
crease in im ports from the sam e
countries was $184,000,000, according
to H enry Chalmers, ch ief o f the di­
vision o f foreign tariffs o f the de­
partm ent o f com m erce.
Mr. C halm ers declai'es fu rth er:
“ Thus fa r this year, it happens that
the tw o currents have been increas­
ing in alm ost equal am ounts. Unit­
ed States exports to the agreem ent
countries during the first h a lf o f
this year were greater by $169,000,000 than during the sam e period o f
last year, while the increase in im ­
ports from those countries during
the sam e period was $163,000,000.
Com pared with the first h alf o f
1935, the last rou ghly com parable
pre-agreem ent period, exports to the
agreem ent countries during the first
h a lf o f this year w ere greater by
$214,000,000, and im ports by $239,000 , 000 .”
O f coui'se all o f this has to be tak­
en with a large grain o f salt, re ­
m em bering that trade, both im port
and export, all over the w orld has
greatly increased and changed since
1934. It is obvious all the benefits
have not been due entirely to the
trade agreem ents, so dear to the
heart o f Cordell Hull, secretary o f
state.
ROPER PLANS ADDITIONAL
INDUSTRIAL BROADCASTS
So pleased has S ecretary o f C om ­
m erce R op e r been with reception o f
broadcasts about industry during the
past year, that in addition to these,
which have included one on steel, he
is asking m em bers o f his business
advisory council to m ake sh ort talks
on tim ely business topics. Som e o f
the leading business men and indus­
trialists o f the cou ntry are m em bers
o f this council, including M yron C.
T aylor, chairm an, United States
Steel Corp.
Talks by m em bers o f the council,
it is said, will include discussion o f
such m atters as relationship o f in­
dustry with governm ent, with labor,
and with the public, and will be
intended to voice view s o f the p rom i­
nent industrial leaders on these ques­
tions. This series will m ark a defi­
nite effort by the governm ent and
industry to bring to the public a
m ore com prehensive understanding
o f the problem s o f industrial and
com m ercial m anagem ent. It is ex­
pected that W . A verill Harriman,
chairm an o f the board, will m ake
the first talk.
INDUSTRIAL OUTPUT FOR
AUGUST HELD EVEN PACE
D epartm ent o f com m erce officials
report industrial output fo r A ugu st
held to a rather even pace, “ but the
w eekly data indicate the seasonally
adjusted index fo r the m onth m ay
be below the July figure.”
T hey state fu rth er: “ Scheduled
steel mill activity decreased slightly
fr o m the high sum m er level at­
tained late in July fo llo w in g the
reopening o f the plants closed by
strikes, but fo r the m onth o f A ugu st
production was higher than in July.
A u tom obile assem blies declined as
producers com pleted 1937 runs.”
CONGRESSMAN ASSAILS
LABOR BOARD AS UNFAIR
In a letter to President R oosevelt,
Representative A lfred Phillips, C on­
necticut, a D em ocrat w ho has su p ­
ported m uch new deal legislation,
asks the President to purge the na­
tional labor relations board o f fu r ­
ther relationship with com m unists
and charges hearings held by the
board are very unfair.
U nfairness o f the board in h ear­
ings has been pointed ou t in this
colum n several tim es in connection
with hearings in steel cases. R e­
cently sim ilar accusations have been
heard fro m several high sources.
Phillips, in his letter to the P resi­
dent, charged com m unists and car­
petbaggers made a “ fa rce and dis­
g race o f recent hearings o f the board
on union em ploye com plaints against
the Yale & T ow ne M fg. C o.”
H olding no b rief fo r either the
com pan y or the unions, the con gress­
man declared he had inform ation
w hich m ade him believe that those
conducting
the
hearings
(pre­
sum ably an exam iner) w ere biased
in fa v o r o f “ com m unists here and
other associates o f com m unists.”
/TEEL
£ ,d lto tia l
Industrial Plant Construction
Bright Spot in Building
H IL E m u ch has been w ritten co n ce rn in g th e
fa ilu re o f bu ildin g co n stru ctio n to com e up
to ex p ectation s, the re co rd thus fa r in 1937,
w hen exam in ed in detail, reveals a num ber o f
a g in g and sign ifican t trends.
W
M ost o f the disap p oin tm en t in con n ection w ith the
la g o f bu ildin g con stru ctio n arises fr o m th e fa c t th at
resid en tial aw ards h ave been d eclin in g fr o m the rath er
en cou ra g in g levels o f M arch, A p ril, M ay and June.
W h ile residen tial co n stru ctio n is e x tre m e ly im p orta n t
in the b road bu ildin g field, it sh ou ld be rem em bered
that it is on ly one o f severa l classification s.
stitu tion a l b u ildin gs and losses f o r public, ed u cation al
and so cia l and re cre a tio n a l cla ssifica tion s.
F rom a
stu d y o f these g a in s and losses, one w ou ld suspect
that there has been a m ark ed sh ift in th e trends o f
p riv a tely and p u b licly financed p r o je c ts d u rin g the
past 19 m onths.
T his con clu sion is born e ou t b y the statistics.
T h ro u g h o u t all o f 1936 the m on th ly a v era g e value o f
bu ildin g aw ards financed p riv a te ly w as $111,900,000
and that o f aw'ards financed p u b licly w as $110,500,000.
eIn
n cooth
u r­er w ords, the finan cing fo r all b u ildin g w'as a l­
m ost even ly divided betw een p riva te and p u b lic fu n ds.
B ut d u rin g the first seven m on th s o f 1937 the value
o f aw'ards m ade p ossible b y p riv a te m on ey averaged
$161,800,000 m on th ly, w h erea s th at u nd erw ritten by
g overn m en t fu n d s a vera ged o n ly $97,600,000.
T his
represen ts a s h ift fr o m 50-50 to 62-38 in fa v o r o f p ri­
v a te ly financed b u ildin g co n stru ctio n — a d ecid ed ly f a v ­
orable trend.
F.
W . D od g e sta tistics d ivide bu ildin g co n tra cts in to A n o th e r sign ifican t p oin t is th at the p rin cip al factor,
in the fa v o ra b le sh ow in g o f n on -resid en tial co n stru c­
three m ain g ro u p s :
R esiden tial, non-residential and
tion w as the sh arp in crease in aw ards fo r in du s­
“ p u blic w ork s and u tilitie s.” In clu ded in n on -resid en ­
trial buildings.
F r o m a tota l o f 19,970,000 squ are
tial are seven su b -cla s sifica tio n s: C om m ercial, in du s­
fe e t in the first seven m on th s o f 1936, aw ards leaped
trial, public, edu cation al, relig iou s and m em orial, s o ­
to 41,260,000 squ are fe e t in the sam e p eriod o f 1937.
cial and recreation al, and h osp ita l and in stitu tion a l
In fa ct, aw ards in the first seven m on th s o f the p res­
buildings.
en t y ea r exceed the tota l fo r the en tire y e a r o f 1936
D u rin g the first h a lf o f 1937 and in 11 o f the 12
by a sm all m argin.
m on th s o f 1936, th e area o f co n tra cts aw arded fo r
residen tial bu ildin gs exceed ed that fo r n on-residen tial
con stru ction . In July, 1937, the reverse w as true f o r
the first tim e sin ce Jan uary, 1936. In J u ly resid en ­
tial aw ards totaled 20,580,000 square fe e t and w ere
valued at $81,050,000, w h ereas n on-resid en tial c o n ­
tra cts accou n ted f o r 24,510,000 square fe e t and a value
o f $138,100,000.
C om p arin g n on-resid en tial aw ards fo r the first seven
m on th s o f 1937 w ith those f o r the co rre sp o n d in g p e­
riod o f 1936, in term s o f square fe e t o f floor area, one
finds a gain fr o m 108,896,000 to 123,453,000, o r 13
p er cent. T he fo llo w in g sh ow s the areas by cla ssifica ­
tion s:
N
o n -r e s i d e n t i a l
B
u il d in g
A
wards
C o m m e r c ia l.......................................
Industrial .........................................
P ublic .....................................................
E ducational .......................................
R eligious and m e m o r ia l....................
S ocial and r e c r e a t io n a l....................
H ospital and institutional ..............
in
S quare
F
eet
F irst seven m onths
1937
1936
38,190,000
31,420,000
41,260,000
19,970,000
6,598,000 9,261,000
21,107,000
32,127,000
3,057,000 2,464,000
6,291,000 7,123,000
6,950,000 6,531,000
123,453,000
108,896,000
T his tab u lation in dicates gain s fo r co m m ercia l, in­
dustrial, relig iou s and m em oria l and h osp ita l and in­
Septem ber 27, 1937
Steel Industry Provides Important Contribution
To Building Activity by N ew and Enlarged Plants
T h is m eans th at a su bstan tial p o rtio n o f bu ild ­
in g co n stru ctio n is bein g p rov id ed b y in d u stry. T he
iron, steel and m eta lw ork in g in d u stries are a ssu m ­
in g an im p orta n t role in new plant co n stru ction . T he
Irvin w ork s o f C a rn egie-Illin ois on th e M on ongah ela
riv e r and the strip m ill o f R ep u b lic on the C u ya h og a
are n otable exam p les o f m a jo r new' co n stru ction in the
steel in du stry.
N ew plants fo r B r ig g s M fg . Co. in
D etroit, K elsey -H a y es W h eel on N eville Island, and
oth e r recen tly announced p r o je c ts in d ica te th at the
m o to r ca r in d u stry is exp an din g.
N ew co n stru ction
o f paper and pulp m ills in the S ou th ea st and o f ch e m i­
cal and g lass plants in v a riou s section s a lso is n o te ­
w o rth y .
A d d itio n s to e x istin g p lan ts also w'eigh
h ea v ily in the in crease in the aw a rd s under the in ­
du strial bu ildin g classification .
T he fa c t th at in d u stry is g o in g ahead so v ig o r o u s ­
ly in plant ex p a n sion and reh a b ilita tion sh ou ld offset
to som e degree the bearish sen tim ent th a t has p re­
vailed in som e q u arters sin ce L a b o r day.
E xten siv e
a p p rop ria tion s fo r p lan t and eq u ip m en t co n n o tes fa ith
in the fu tu re.
31
Iu m
f :. _\ .-4»
-$—
m
........
Im y ia K iiifiM B ia ^ ltiiM B ifi^ B a M ig gio ^ i^ L îïgE g ra ^ T O fiQ SiB gH i^ E gp H W R m t» ^ ]
STEEL’S index o f a ctivity gained 0.5 point to 94.8 in the w eek ending S ept. IS :
W e e k e n d in g
1937
July
July
July
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
115.7
108.0
109.1
107.3
113.8
110.3
108.5
104.8
94.3t
94.8*
17 ..................................
24 ..................................
31 ..................................
7 ....................................
14 ..................................
21 ..................................
28 ..................................
4 ....................................
11 ..................................
IS ..................................
tR evised.
1931!
1935
1934
1933
1932
1931
1930
99.9
102.1
102.5
98.7
92.6
97.9
94.0
87.5
83.90.1
79.8
S0.8
78.4
73.4
71.5
77.0
77.3
70.9
70.1
69.4
68.1
66.4
64.6
64.6
61.4
60.3
55.1
53.5
'5S.7
5S.1
79.4
78.8
75.8
74.7
74.2
71.6
70.3
65.5
69.1
68.2
46.9
51.5
46.1
45.1
44.6
44.9
45.2
45.4
44.9
47.8
70.0
69.7
68.9
67.0
67.4
67.3
66.5
65.3
60.9
65.6
79.1
78.7
79.2
85.6
86.2
88.5
87.4
79.0
85.9
86.2
* Preliminary.
Business O u tlo o k Hinges on
Timing of A u to Resumption
A N G IB L E evidence that the pace of business is
not recovering as rapidly as was expected prior
to Labor day is found in the record of industrial ac­
tivity for the week ending Sept. 18. S te e l/s index for
that period stands at 94.8, a gain of only half a point
from that of the previous week.
This is an unusually weak rebound from the holi­
day low, yet it may reflect an oddity in the timing of
recovery rather than a marked change in the volume
of activity.
T he fa ilu re o f the index to rise m ore bu oyan tly was
T
due la rg e ly to a sharp redu ction in au tom obile p r o ­
duction. O utput dropped fr o m 59,017 in the w eek end­
in g Sept. 11 to 29,000 in the w eek en d in g Sept. 18.
L a st y ea r in the co rresp on d in g w eeks au tom ob ile a s­
sem blies increased fr o m 26,750 to 33,615 units.
A ll oth er in dicators in S teel ' s index rebounded
sh arply. R evenue fre ig h t ca r load in gs leaped to a fig­
ure estim ated at a rou nd 825,000 — the h ig h est p oin t
o f the year. E le ctric p ow er ou tp u t clim b ed ba ck to
2,280,792,000 k ilow a tt hours, w h ich is the six th h ig h ­
est w eek ly tota l on record . Steelw orks op era tion s w ere
at 80 per cen t o f ca p a city as com p a red w ith 72 p er
cen t in the previou s week.
In d ication s p oin t to a sidew ise o r dow n w ard d rift
in a ctiv ity in the w eeks en din g Sept. 25 and Oct. 2.
I f the index does slip in these w eeks, it w ill be f o l ­
low in g w ith u ncan n y a ccu ra cy the pattern traced in
F a i lu r e s , N u m b e r
Jan........
Feb
M arch. .
A p ril. ..
May . ..
June ..
July . ..
A u g ----Sept. . ..
O ct........
N ov. . . .
D ec........
1937
811
721
820
786
S34
670
618
707
L ia b ilitie s , D o lla rs '
(0 0 0 o m it t e d )
1936
1,077
856
946
830
832
773
639
655
586
611
688
692
1937
$8,661
9,771
10,922
8,906
8,364
8,191
7,766
11,916
1930
$18,104
14,089
16,271
14,157
15,375
9,177
9.904
8,271
9,819
8,266
11,532
12,288
v m v á c t iv e
m aam »-
Industrial W e a th e r
TREND:
the fa ll o f last year. H ow ever, in 1936, the slig h t r e ­
cession at the end o f S eptem ber w as fo llo w e d b y a
sharp, stead y rise w h ich con tin u ed th rou g h the re ­
m ainder o f the year, ex cep t fo r h olida y in terru ptions.
It is sign ifican t that this p ositiv e upw ard m ovem en t
last fa ll began in the first w eek o f O ctob er w hereas
S teady
W h e re B usiness Stands
Monthly Averages, 1936 = 100
Steel Ingot O u tp u t..........
Pig Iron Output ..............
Freight Movement ..........
Building Construction . ..
Automobile Production ..
Wholesale P rices..............
...
...
...
...
Aug.,
1937
124.3
139.2
112.3
123.2
96.1
duly,
1937
112.2
134.7
109.9
134.2
118.7
110.9
Aug.,
1936
107.3
104.3
106.7
117.7
71.7
100.9
au tom obile p rod u ction did n ot hit its stride until the
secon d w eek o f N ovem ber.
A pertinent qu estion in sizin g up the present ou t-
lo o k is w h eth er dem and in m iscellaneou s and general
lines w ill com e to the su p p ort o f industrial a ctiv ity
b e fo re the su stain in g influence o f new au tom obile a c­
tiv ity begins to be felt. A n o th e r question is w h eth er
the con d ition s o f grea ter em p loym en t and greater
fa rm in com e in 1937 than in 1936 w ill tem pt a u tom o­
bile m a n u fa ctu rers to h it fu ll strid e on 1938 m odels
several w eeks ea rlier than th ey did last year.
It w ou ld seem th at this tim in g is an im p ortan t ele­
m ent in the business ou tlook .
T h e Barometer of B usiness
Industrial Indicators
Financial Indicators
Aug., 1937
Pig Iron output (da lly a v ­
erage, tons)
116,676
Machine tool Index
180.9
Finished steel shipm ents. .
1,107,85S
In got output (dally a ver­
age, tons)
186,992
D odge building aw ards in
37 states (sq. f t . )
42.077,100
Autom obile output ..............*
370,000
Coal output (ton s)
33,665,000
Business failures; num ber
707
Business failures; liabilities SU ,916,000
Cement production (bbls.)
Cotton consum ption (bales)
604,000
Car loadings (w eekly av.)
778,927
July, 1937
Aug., 1936
112,947
190.5
1,186,752
87,475
135.5
923,703
168,763
161,351
45,812,600
456.775
31,912,000
618
57,766,000
11,597,000
5S3.000
762,418
40,285,100
275,951
33,086,000
655
58,271,000
11,503,000
575,000
740,211
•Leading m em ber banks Federal Reserve System.
tJuly, June and July, respectively.
•Estimated.
C om m odity Prices
Foreign Trade
Exports ........
Im ports ........
Gold exports
Gold im ports
Septem ber 27, 1937
Aug., 1937 July, 1937 Aug., 1936
25 Industrial stocks ........
5220.18
5216.49
5221.36
25 Rail stocks ...................
530.13
541.47
541.45
40 Bonds
583.63
584.05
583.74
Bank clearings (000
om itted) ...........................
............ 526,015,000 521,269,000
Com m ercial
paper
rate
(N ew York, per cent)
1
1
•Commercial loans
(000
om itted) ...........................
59,958,000
59,784,000 58,454,000
Federal Reserve ratio (per
cent)
79.7
79.7
79.4
R ailroad earnings ............. 1560,527,576
558,939,875 561,773,765
Stock sales, New York
stock exchange ...............
17,220,623
20,715,360 26,564,032
Bond sales (par v a l u e ) . . 5148,009,375 5160,160,800 5215,242,300
Aug., 1937 July, 1937 Aug., 1936
............... S267,1S5,000 5178,249,000
............... 5265,349,000 5195,016,000
...............
$206,000
532,000
............... 5175,624,000 . .567,524,000
Aug., 1937
S teel ’ s com posite average
o f 25 iron and steel prices
Bradstreet’ s index ...........
W heat, cash (b u s h e l).........
Corn, cash (b u s h e l)...........
540.34
51.22
51.19
July, 1937
540.03
511.19
51.34
51.33
Aug., 1936
533.88
510.19
51.25
51.27
33
Flame Hardening
Localized hardening and production of a
hard surface with a ductile core can be
done easily by the flame hardening process
OST
universal m ethod of
hardening steel is the rela­
tively sim ple heating and
quenching m ethod. T he part to be
hardened is held at an elevated tem ­
perature— ju st above the critical
point o f the steel— fo r a definite
length o f tim e and then rapidly
cooled, usually by im m ersion in oil
or water. A lthough hardening by
this m ethod changes the structure
o f the steel, it does not alter its
chem ical com position. Its principal
lim itation lies in the fa ct that the
hardened part is o f practically the
sam e hardness throughout.
This lim itation o f the heatingquenching m ethod subsequently led
to the developm ent o f a num ber o f
hardening processes designed to p ro­
duce a part having an extrem ely
hard su rface or skin, yet with a
tough, ductile core. Case carburizing and nitriding are well-known ex ­
M
T h e q u e n c h in g s p r a y
fo r t h is p ip e w r e n c h
h a r d e n in g o p e r a t io n
is a t t a c h e d t o th e
3 0 -fla m e h e a d
am ples o f processes o f this type. In
case carburizing, the part to be
hardened is surrounded by a car­
bonaceous material and held at an
elevated tem perature a sufficient
length o f tim e fo r the su rface o f
the steel to absorb a definite am ount
o f carbon. This is follow ed by re ­
F la m e h a r d e n in g is c o n s id e r e d th e o n ly p r a c t ic a b le m e t h o d f o r h a r d e n in g th e
w o b b le r p a d s o n t h is 9 - t o n s p in d le
34
heating and quenching, and the hard­
ened su rface is thus o f different com ­
position fro m the interior or core
o f the part.
F o r years, m etallurgists
have
sou ght fo r a process fo r hardening
steel which w ould com bine the sim ­
plicity and flexibility o f the heat­
ing-quenching m ethod with the in­
herent advantages o f differential
hardening m ethods. T heir investiga­
tions quite naturally included the
possibilities o f the oxy-acetylene
flam e as a hardening m edium , and,
after considerable research, their e f­
forts have culm inated in the develop­
ment o f a new process know n as
“ flam e hardening,” accordin g to
O x y -A cety len e Tips, published by
The Linde A ir Products Co., New
York.
F lam e hardening m ay be defined
as a process w h ereby the su rface
o f a quench-hardening ferrou s m a­
terial is loca lly heated by an oxyacetylene flam e fo llo w e d by a
quench.
In a sense, flame hardening m ay
be considered a com bination o f the
hardening
processes
m entioned
above since it im parts a hardened
su rface to the steel, but does not in
/TEEL
T h e s e c a s t s te e l c h a in c o n v e y o r
ra ils illu s t r a t e t h e v a lu e o f fla m e
h a r d e n in g o n ir r e g u la r s u r fa c e s
any w ay alter the chem ical com p osi­
tion o f the steel.
B efoi'e actually discussing the vari­
ous phases o f flame hardening, a
b rief review o f the fa ctors which
m ake it possible to harden steel
should prove helpful in a better un­
derstanding o f the scope o f the p ro c­
ess.
M ost steels, w hen heated to a fa ir­
ly bright red heat and cooled rapidly,
undergo a transform ation producing
profou n d changes in physical p rop ­
erties. One o f the m ost im portant
is an increase in hardness. Such
steels are know n as hardening steels
and range in com position from
sim ple, straight carbon steels to high
alloy steels.
This ability o f steel to tran sform
is an unique and especially valuable
property.
P rob ably all w h o read
this have witnessed sim ple hardening
operations in a blacksm ith shop or
tool room . H ere the steel is heated
in a fo rg e o r fu rn ace and cooled
rapidly by im m ersion in w ater or
oil.
D epending on the com position and
rate o f coolin g, the steel m ay be so
hard and th erefore brittle that addi­
tional toughening treatm ent is nec­
essary before the part can be used
com m ercially.
A portion o f the
hardness m ay be rem oved b y heat­
ing the steel a second tim e to a
low tem perature. This operation is
called draw ing or tem pering.
Because ordinary heating m eth­
ods such as a fo rg e or fu rn a ce raise
the tem perature o f the steel so
slow ly that the heat penetrates
th rou ghou t the piece, quenching
hardens the entire part.
This is
often highly undesirable because
hardness m eans decreased ductility
and, th erefore, low sh ock resistance.
T o illustrate, it w ould be preferable
to so heat-treat a gear tooth that
the faces w ere hard and w ear r e ­
sistant, while the core was du c­
tile and shock resistant. This de­
sirable result is accom plished by
flame hardening which, through the
m edium o f the high tem perature
oxy-acetylene flame, m akes it pos­
sible to so rapidly raise the tem pera­
ture o f the su rface that the su rface
S eptem ber 27, 1937
may be hardened w ithout affecting
the core.
The coolin g rate, which controls
the hardening process, is in turn
controlled b y the quenching m edi­
um used, and depends upon its
quantity, and certain other physical
factors, as w ell as to som e extent
its initial tem perature.
W ater is
w idely used as a quenching m edium
and is generally acceptable as a
flame hardening quench.
W ater
sprayed under pressure upon the
metal provides a qu icker coolin g
m ethod than w ater as a bath.
On certain types o f steel an air
quench m ay be su fficien tly drastic
to give the desired hardness.
In
other cases oil, or oil and water
are m ost effective, although it is
necessary to observe certain pre­
cautions when using oil.
Flam e hardening is peculiarly
suited to applications w here a hard
su rface with a tough ductile core or
body is desired. T here ai'e applica­
tions where the core o f som e m a­
chine part m ust be o f an alloy steel
In th e s e g e a r h a r d e n in g h e a d s , t h e
q u e n c h is in t e g r a l w it h t h e h e a d
not suited to case carburizing be­
cause o f desired physical properties.
The flame hardening process p ro ­
vides an excellent m ethod o f o b ­
taining the desired hard su rface
w ithout ch anging the properties o f
the core material.
In general, an y steel that m ay be
hardened by sim ple heating and
quenching m ay be treated b y the
flame hardening process. In addi­
tion, cast iron and alloy cast iron
m ay be flame hardened.
T he ability o f plain carbon steels
to quench harden fs dependent upon
the carbon content o f the steel. To
obtain a m axim um degree o f hard­
ening, the steel should contain at
least 0.40 per cent carbon. A s the
carbon increases, the hardness o b ­
tainable increases.
The general
range fo r plain carbon steel is from
0.40 to 0.70 per cent carbon. Steels
with greater carbon percentages can
be flam e hardened, but greater care
is required to prevent su rface ch eck ­
ing.
The m ost desirable steels fo r flame
hardening are low alloy steels.
These usually harden to a g ood de­
gree, and, except fo r certain types,
are better able to withstand heating
and quenching w ithout checking or
cracking.
The higher alloy steels present a
m ore difficult problem fro m a heat­
ing and quenching standpoint and
m ust be individually considered.
H ow ever certain o f the high alloy
steels can be sufficiently hardened
by an air quench.
P ractically all flame hardening op ­
erations can and should be made
m echanically. Hand operations, al­
though occasion ally desii’able, are
not conducive to uniform results.
T here is usually sufficient m e­
chanical equipm ent available in m ost
shops to eliminate the necessity o f
building special equipm ent. A lathe
is very easily adapted to flame hard­
ening. T he blow pipe is m ounted on
the tool carrier fo r sm ooth horizon­
tal m otion a lon g the su rface to be
hardened. T he part to be hardened
is m ounted on o r alongside the lathe.
The lathe is also adaptable to hard­
ening o f circular pieces, in which
case the part to be hardened is r o ­
tated.
It is convenient to divide the ap­
plication o f the flame hardening
process into fo u r m ethods. These
are, ( 1) stationary, (2 ) progressive,
(3) spinning, and (4) com bination.
T he stationary m ethod includes
those operations wherein the b low ­
pipe and w ork are m otionless dur­
ing flam e hardening. An exam ple
is the flam e hardening o f autom otive
valve stem s, som etim es referred to
as “ spot hardening.”
T he progressive m ethod refers to
those operations w here the blow pipe
and w ork m ove with respect to
each other.
F o r flam e hardening a plane su r­
face, the lighted blow pipe, with a
head having sufficient flame area to
cover the path to be hardened, is
directed alon g the su rface to be hard­
ened at the m axim um speed which
w ill heat the steel to the hardening
tem perature.
Im m ediately behind
the flam e is a stream o r spray o f
w ater w hich p rogressively quenches
the heated surface.
T he speed o f the flame travel is
S e c t io n o f a g r o o v e r o ll is s h o w n
a ft e r fla m e h a r d e n in g b y
th e
s p in n in g m e t h o d
35
determ ined by operating variables
such as flame intensity, type o f steel
being treated, the tem perature de­
sired, and the depth o f case desired.
It m ay vary fro m 4 to 10 in. per
min., although the usual speed is
betw een 6 and 8 in. per min.
T he blow pipe head should be
placed so that the tips o f the inner
cones are 1/16 to Va in. fro m the
su rface being hardened.
On circular w ork o f large diam ­
eter, the m ost su ccessfu l m ethod is
that o f heating and quenching by
one revolution o f the part. A spray
or stream o f quenching w ater is di­
rected against the heated surface
im m ediately follow in g the blowpipe.
A s in the straight line operation,
the sui'face speed o f the revolving
piece m ay vary from 4 to 10 in.
per min.
The Spinning M ethod
T he type o f w ork in which a cir­
cular path is to be hardened can
m ost satisfactorily be done by spin­
n ing the part under the flames o f
one or m ore stationary blowpipes,
and quenching the heated portion
w hile it is still spinning. The speed
o f rotation is not critical. It is usu­
ally about 100 r.p.m. but m ay vary
fro m 80 to 120 or m ore r.p.m.
T yp ical exam ples o f this sort o f
operation are the hardening o f local
areas on shafts, and the hardening
o f sm all gear pinions having very
sm all teeth.
W h ere the diam eter o f the part
is greater than 4 in., tw o or m ore
blow pipes w ill be necessary— the
blow pipes being m ounted to heat the
sam e area fro m opposite sides.
T he tim e required fo r hardening
by this m ethod will vary from a
few seconds to 2 o r 3 min., depend­
ing upon the diam eter o f the piece
treated, the num ber o f blowpipes,
and other factors. It is generally
undesirable to take m ore than 3
min. fo r hardening. A n y piece that
requires m ore tim e than this should
have m ore flame, o r be treated by
36
the single slow revolution m ethod.
The com bination m ethod is a co m ­
bination o f the progressive and spin ­
ning m ethods and is applied to cir­
cular objects o f such length that the
blow pipe m ay traverse w hile the
part is being spun. E xam ple— the
flame hardening o f shafts by spin­
ning the sh aft in a lathe while the
blow pipe, m ounted on the tool rack,
traverses the shaft.
F rom a description o f the m eth­
ods, it is apparent that m any articles
m ay be flame hardened b y com m on
machines, such as a lathe, if a suit­
able blow pipe is substituted fo r the
ordinary tool.
The
oxy-acetylene
apparatus
should be o f sufficient ruggedness
and flexibility to operate under the
rather severe conditions im posed by
the flame hardening application. It
is necessary that such apparatus be
w ater cooled and o f sufficient gas
capacity to treat an area o f reason ­
able size in one operation.
In order to accom m odate various
widths, as well as irregu lar profiles,
the tips are o f the threaded rem ov ­
able type and are obtainable in vari­
ous length and with various size tip
orifices. P lugs are furnished so that
on ly a portion o f the head m ay be
operated if so desired.
In addition to all-purpose heads, it
has been necessary to design heads
fo r specialized applications such as
gear tooth hardening.
F o r p rogressive hardening it is
often convenient to m ount flame
hardening apparatus on one o f the
standai'd oxy-acetylene cutting m a­
chines. It so happens that the flame
hardening speed falls within the
range o f speeds obtainable with cu t­
ting machines and they thus be­
com e ideal traversing devices. E x ­
cept under unusual conditions it is
inadvisable to consider m anual flame
hardening operations.
Quenching Easily Set Up
F lam e hardening quenching a r­
rangem ents ai'e easy to set up. In
m any operations a sm all stream o f
w ater is all that is necessary to
cov er the area to be hardened. W here
a w ider path m ust be covered by
water, a fan shaped nozzle or spray
m ay be used. E ither o f these is
sim ple to m ake o r obtain.
F o r p rogressive w ork, o r fo r the
slow revolution m ethod, the pipe
carryin g the quenching w ater should
be affixed to the blow pipe holder
in such a w ay as to perm it the
necessary adjustm ent o f position to
direct the stream p rop erty on the
hot steel. T he quench should fo l­
low the last flame closely w ithout
interferin g w ith the flame.
Best results are usually obtained
when the blow pipe coolin g w ater
and the w ater fo r quenching are
separately controlled.
F or m any o f the spinning opera­
tions on sm aller parts, it is advisable
to use a quenching m ethod by w hich
a large volu m e o f w ater under low
head can be released to cover the
entire part instantaneously and flow
over it in a solid stream .
/TEEL
Building a Career
An eminent authority in the machine tool
industry gives his views
on
careers in
his field for m echanically-inclined boys
HE head o f a fam ily was sitting
by the fireplace one evening
when his son, w ho was about to
graduate from high school, cam e
into the room and said, “ Dad, what
line o f business do you think I
should follow as m y life ’s w o r k ? ”
His father, w ho had already given
considerable thought to the son ’s
future, replied, “ T here is an old sa y­
in g which you have probably read
in y ou r history books, ‘Go west
you n g m an; g o w est.’ T oday this
has been m aterially changed and the
land o f opportunity fo r any you ng
m an who is m echanically inclined,
like you rself, lies in the m a n u fa c­
turing plants o f his ow n tow n or
state. T he best advice I can give
you is to becom e an apprentice in a
reliable, forw ard -look in g
concern
which offers training in the particu­
lar trade w hich m ost interests you .”
T he advice w hich this particular
father gave his son was based on a
carefu l study o f the econ om ic situa­
tion o f this cou ntry at the present
time. T he United States is entering
T
BY C. R. BURT
President, Niles-Bement-Pond Co.,
New York, and President, National
M achine Tool Builders' Association
a period o f rapid expansion which
covers the developm ent o f new p rod ­
ucts, better m aterials and im proved
m ethods o f m anufacture. In addi­
tion, there is a real sh ortage o f
skilled men in p ractically all indus­
tries because training was neces­
sarily curtailed during the recent
depression. A s a result, the o p ­
portunities fo r y ou n g m en in the
trades are greater than they have
ever been before.
O f the thousands o f you n g men
w ho are being graduated fr o m our
high schools and colleges each year,
m an y are m echanically inclined and
w ould have the brightest prospects
fo r a su ccessfu l fu tu re if they en­
Rem oves Iron Particles From Sand
NE of the largest
O
of its type K mag­
netic separators to be
built, this machine has
been sent by Stearns
Magnetic Mfg. Co.,
Milwaukee, to an East­
ern silica sand pro­
ducer. The unit is a
90-inch, three field,
gravity induction type
separator and is for
use in removing iron
particles from sand
S eptem ber 27, 1937
tered the industrial field. T he ques­
tion often arises as to how m echani­
cal aptitude can be determ ined w ith­
out an actual trial o f the w ork under
consideration. This is not so d if­
ficult as it sounds; anyone can find
out fo r h im self the general line o f
w ork to w hich he is best adapted
b y considering his ow n likes and
dislikes. Choice o f an occupation
should not be based upon the fact
that John B row n is engaged in it
and makes a g ood living, but on the
grounds that it is the w ork which
the individual prefers to any other.
Thus, the you n g man w ho likes to
w ork with his hands, takes the
fa m ily clock s apart, and m ore im ­
portant, puts them togeth er again
so they w ill run, and otherw ise
show s a curiosity as to “ what makes
things g o ,” will n orm ally en joy
m anufacturing.
A nother sign post which is avail­
able fo r determ ining the occupation
to which the you n g man is best
adapted is the subjects which he
likes best in school.
G enerally
speaking, the b oy w ho is m e­
chanically inclined will sh ow a
partiality fo r m athem atical and
scientific subjects. He prefers p rob­
lems to which he can apply his
pow ers o f reasoning to the m em oriz­
ing o f unrelated, and to him unim ­
portant, facts. It should be pointed
out that the b oy w ho “ was not
interested in anything he studied"
is not likely to g o fa r in the indus­
trial field. Here, as everyw h ere else,
he m ust study the rest o f his life if
he wishes to keep abreast o f his
trade.
F or the b oy w ho is m echanically
inclined and w illing to w ork hard,
fe w occupations are as fascinatin g
as that o f the m achinist. A look
around his hom e will sh ow him
m any m echanical devices in use—
37
w ashing m achines, electrical re­
frigerators, oil burners, and the like.
In the field o f transportation alone,
the m anufacture o f autom obiles,
stream lined trains, express ocean
liners and airplanes, requires the
services o f hundreds o f thousands
o f m achinists. Less in evidence, but
an indispensable link in the chain
o f m anufacture, are the builders of
the m achinery and tools used in the
building o f these products. D evelop­
m ent o f the m achine tool industry
is continually reducing the cost o f
both the necessities and luxuries o f
life, m aking possible a higher stand­
ard o f livin g fo r every hum an being,
w hile it rem oves m uch o f the
dru dgery form erly done by hand
labor and the “ sw eat o f the brow .”
T he great demand fo r m ore goods
at low er cost will in itself force more
and m ore activity in the line o f re ­
search and developm ent in providing
new m echanical devices. Therefore,
this type o f w ork requires the h igh­
est grade o f engineer, draftsm an and
m echanic to w ork out the details o f
construction and to m anufacture the
finished product.
Opportunities Offered
T he building o f m achine tools o f­
fers an excellent opportunity fo r
you n g m en w ho wish to learn a
trade, and m any m anufacturing con­
cerns which specialize in building
m achine tools have well-worked-out
program s fo r the training o f ap­
prentices. The you ng man entering
such an establishm ent is required
to sign an agreem ent fo r possibly
a three year or fo u r year training
course, which entitles him to receive
a reasonable am ount o f experience
on the various types o f m achine
w ork, such as m illing, drilling, plan­
ing, lathe w ork, boring, assem bling
and finishing m any different kinds
o f m achinery. A n apprentice learn­
ing a trade in a m achine tool fa c ­
tory receives a very broad m echani­
cal training and is able to earn a
living and be self-supporting at the
sam e time. On com pletion o f this
course, any apprentice boy w ho has
w orked diligently and absorbed all
the k n ow ledge possible will be well
rew arded; but he should not over­
look the fa ct that by continuing to
add to his know ledge in the m e­
chanical line he will be qualifying
h im self fo r a m ore responsible p o ­
sition.
In the m achine tool trade as no­
w here else, the opportunities fo r ad­
vancem ent from the ranks are
num erous. The entire history o f the
trade is filled with names o f men
w h o rose to the top with no other
equipm ent than an inherent m e­
chanical ability and a willingness
to w ork hard; and the executives o f
m any o f our leading organizations at
the present time, including presi­
dents, general m anagers, fa ctory
m a n a g e r s and superintendents,
38
started out in life by learning a
trade.
Program A n n o u n c e d for
Porcelain Enamel Forum
As previously announced, the sev­
enth annual m eeting o f the Porcelain
E nam el Institute will be held in Chi­
cago, Oct. 11-12, and the second P o r­
celain E nam el Institute foru m will
be conducted at Ohio State univer­
sity, Colum bus, O., Oct. 13-15.
A m on g the speakers to appear on
the annual m eeting p rogram are: R.
G. Calton, Tennessee Enam el M fg.
Co., Nashville, Tenn., institute presi­
dent; E. L. Lester, Titanium A lloy
M fg. Co., N iagara Falls, N. Y., insti­
tute vice president and chairm an o f
educational bureau; F. E. Hodek, Jr.,.
General P orcelain Enam el Co., Chi­
cago, institute vice president and
chairm an o f foru m com m ittee; W il­
liam H ogenson, C hicago Vitreous
Enam el P roduct Co., Cicero, 111.,
treasurer. In addition, the follow in g
section chairm en will present their
plans fo r 1938; H. D. Chase, C hicago
Vitreous Enam el P roduct Co., Cicero,
111., advertising and sales prom otion
section; Earle S. Smith, T oledo P o r­
celain Products Co., industry, trade
and consum er c o n t a c t section;
Geoi'ge S. Blome, Baltim ore E nam el
and N ovelty Co., Baltim ore, m arket
research section; H erm an L. Cook,
N orge Div., B org-W arner Corp., D e­
troit, production control section; R.
H. Turk, P orcelain E nam el & M fg.
Co., Baltim ore, technical research
section.
T he com plete program , w hich is
now being developed, will be mailed
to the entire industry about Oct. 1.
The revised p rogram fo r the fo r ­
um, together with speakers w h o have
accepted, is as follow s:
W edn esday,
O c t.
uct Corp., Conshohocken, Pa.
“ N ickel Treatm ent o f Enam eling Iron,”
James Pettyjohn, Mullins M fg. Corp.,
Salem, O.
“ Enamel Process Inspection and R epair,”
speaker to be selected.
F r i d a y , O c t. 15
M OR N IN G
“ Colors and C olor M atching," A. J. Strod,
V itro M fg. Co., Pittsburgh.
“ Structural Porcelain Enam el,” A. C.
W eirlch, D avidson Enamel Products
Co., Inc., Lima, O.
“ Silk Screen Process,” speaker to be se­
lected.
"D raw in g,” speaker to be selected.
AFTERNOON
Ilollow -W a re
"P ickle R oom Practice, Part II,” B. T.
Sw eely, C hicago Vitreous Enamel P rod­
uct Co., Cicero, 111.
"C ontrol and Consistency o f Enamels
for Dipping,” W alter W olf, Strong M fg.
Co., Sebrlng, O.
Cast Iron
“ E ffect o f Modern Blast Furnace P ra c­
tice on the M anufacture o f Pig Iron,”
W illiam Curran, R epublic Steel Corp.,
Cleveland.
"M olding Sand and M olding P ractice," R.
B. Schaal, Ferro Enamel Corp., C leve­
land.
“ A brasive Cleaning P ractice and Equip­
m ent," R. E. Donnelly, Pangborn Corp.,
Hagerstown, Md.
“ Discussion o f Cast Iron B ulletin,” to be
selected.
Sheet Iron
“ Collection, H andling and Use o f R e­
claim ed Enam els,” G. N. Tuttle, Frigidaire Div., General M otors Corp., D ay­
ton, O.
"Ground Coat Dipping,” to be selected.
"C leaning and Pickling P ractice,” D. L.
Bensinger, A. B. Stove Co., Battle
Creek, Mich.
“ Control and Consistency o f Enamels for
Spraying,” L. C. Athy, Porcelain Enam ­
el & M fg. Co., Baltim ore.
Clears Up the Haze
13
MORNING
Registration
A ftern oon
“ Summary o f Porcelain Enamel Institute
A ctivities and Plans for 1938,” R. G.
Calton, Tennessee Enam el M fg. Co.,
Nashville, Tenn.
"W orkable Control Systems and Benefits
to the Enamel P lan t,” J. E. Hansen,
Ferro Enamel Corp., Cleveland.
Thursday, Oct. 14
M O R N IN G
General Session
“ Enamel Shop Costs,” W ade W illey, Kelvin ator Corp., Detroit.
“Simple and Practical Incentive Systems
for Enamel Shops,” R. M. James, W estinghouse Electric & M fg. Co., East
Pittsburgh, Pa.
“Safety in the Enamel P lant," speaker
to be selected.
“ Plant M aintenance," speaker to be se­
lected.
AFTERNOON
“ W elding,” W alter W. Petry, Cincinnati
M illing M achine Co., Cincinnati.
“ D raw ing and Cleaning Com pounds,"
D. J. Benoliel, Quaker Chemical P rod­
PERATED on an electrostatic prin­
O
ciple, this device charges dust
particles held in the air which then cling
to magnetic plates in the filter. The cleaner
removes particles as small as one-fifth
micron in size, as is shown by the above
photograph of smoke being removed from
the atmosphere. The device was de­
signed by the Westinghouse Electric &
Mfg. Co., East Pittsburgh, Pa.
/TEEL
Columbia Opens New Laboratories
HE new m etallu rgical and ch em ­
ical la b ora tory o f the C olum bia
Steel Co., subsidiary o f United
States Steel Corp., in Pittsburg,
Calif., is perhaps one o f the m ost
com plete fo r its size in the steel in­
dustry today. Designed by the en gi­
neering departm ent at the P ittsburg
w ork s to afford m axim um efficiency
T
and heat are rem oved quickly fro m
the atm osphei’e by m eans o f an ex ­
haust fan placed on the ro o f, and
the lightin g fixtures are o f all glass
design as a fu rth er precaution
against corrosive deterioration. All
partitions are o f steel construction,
insulated and soundproof.
The pipe line system in the new
I
la b ora tory is interesting by virLue o f
the variety o f m aterials used fo r d if­
feren t lines. A ll pipe lines are con ­
cealed because the basem ent o f the
building is used fo r office and lab ­
ora tory w ork. H ow ever, sections o f
the ceiling m ay be rem oved to gain
access to the lines should it ever be­
com e necessary.
H andling o f corrosive liquids by
hand has been p ractically elim inated
by the use o f glass pipe lines. E xtra
heavy cast iron pipes ca rry aw ay the
w aste w ater except that containing
acid solutions w hich is carried aw ay
in pipes o f acid-resisting iron. D is­
tilled w a ter is piped through pure
tin. O xygen and vacuum lines are
carried to all w ork benches in copper
x te r io r
v ie w
of
th e
new
la b o r a t o r y b u il d in g a t t h e P i t t s ­
b u r g , C a lif., w o r k s o f C o lu m b ia
S t e e l C o . is s h o w n a t le ft , w h ile
b e lo w is a v ie w o f t h e p h y s ic a l t e s t in g
la b o r a t o r y , w h ic h is lo c a t e d o n th e
lo w e r flo o r o f t h e b u il d in g
E
in tech n ological w ork, it is equipped
with all o f the orth od ox equipm ent
o f a m odern m etals laboratory,
alon g with facilities fo r research on
m ethods and products.
In con solidatin g the activities o f
scattered laboratories under one
roof, the first objectiv e w as a co m ­
pact building in which w ork in g con ­
ditions would perm it every chem ist
and m etallurgist to carx-y out his
tests and experim ents with m inim um
loss o f tim e and effort. U nder the
direction o f G. L. von Planck, ch ief
m etallurgist, and H ow ard Gx-afton,
plant m etallui'gist o f the P ittsburg
w orks, a staff o f 23 men cari'y on an
avex-age o f 5000 determ inations and
tests p er m onth in the new la b ora ­
tory.
The tw o-story sti'ucture, with the
first story p artially im bedded in the
ground, is 40 by 80 feet in plan and
has a total available w ork in g floor
space o f 4864 square feet. It is con ­
structed o f steel, brick and concrete,
is fix’e p ro o f and includes m any de­
sirable sa fety featux’es. Acid fum es
Septem ber 27, 1937
39
tubing, m ost o f w hich is concealed
b y m olding and therefore, readily
accessible. A ir and gas are piped
through welded steel lines which
w ere tested at a pressure o f 100
pounds p er square inch fo r a period
o f three days.
A ll chem ical con trol w ork takes
place in the m ain con trol la b ora tory
at the north end o f the m ain floor
w h ere glass encloses a balance room
w ith the latest type o f delicate bal­
ances, a sam ple preparation room
and the main w ork la b ora tory fo r
routine tests. A djoin in g the chem ­
ical laboi'atory is a specially con ­
structed research room in which ex­
fa ce hardness and m achines fo r test­
ing other physical properties. The
m etallograp h ic laboratory, w hich al­
so handles gen eral plant p h otog­
raphy, a sam ple preparation room
and stora ge vault, offices fo r the
testing engineer, ch ief inspector, and
observer, are all located on the first
floor.
A m odern air conditioning system
m aintains a constant and u niform
tem perature, supplying w a rm air in
the w inter and cool air during the
sum m er. Stainless steel has been
used extensively in the installation
o f la b ora tory equipm ent throughout
the building.
A irc ra ft Engineers W i l l
H ea r M e ta lw o rk in g Papers
Papers on m etalw orking subjects
are scheduled fo r the N ational A ir­
cra ft Production m eeting to be held
at the A m bassador hotel, L os A n ­
geles, Oct. 7-9 under sponsorship
o f the Society o f A utom otive E n ­
gineers, with co-operation o f the
A eronautical Cham ber o f C om m erce
o f A m erica and A ir T ransport A sso­
ciation o f A m erica.
T he program is as follow s:
Thursday, Oct. 7
E v e n in g
Production
"E ngineering tor Production in Stainless
Steel,” by E. J. W. Ragsdale, Edward
G. Budd M fg. Co.
“ Production Control,” by Eric Springer,
D ouglas A ircraft Co.
F riday, Oct. 8
A fte rn o o n
Materials
"P rocurem ent Planning o f the
United
States Arm y A ir Corps,” by M ajor J. L.
Strom m c, Air Corps, United States
army.
"Q uality Control o f Alum inum A lloy
A ircra ft Castings,” by K. R. Van H orn
and H. J. Heath, Alum inum Co. o f
Am erica.
"M anufacture, Characteristics and Uses
o f Magnesium Castings,” by W. G.
Harvey, Am erican Manganese Corp.
E v e n in g
P rocesses
“ Drop H am m er A pplications,” by C. R.
Delaubenfels, Lockheed A ircraft Co.
"D ie Castings,” by H arry Hahn, H arry
W . Hahn Co.
“ Use o f Plastics in A ircraft,” by G. P.
Young, Rohm & Haas Co.
Saturday, Oct. 9
A fte rn o o n
Factory Equipment
"F a ctory Equipment and T oolin g,” by D.
M. Carpenter and J. W. Van Doren,
Consolidated A ircraft Corp.
“ Production T ools for A irplanes,” by H.
A. Berliner, Engineering & Research
Corp.
e n e r a l v i e w o f th e c h e m ic a l
la b o r a t o r y in
C o lu m b ia S t e e l
C o . ’s n e w b u il d i n g is s h o w n i n t h e
u p p e r v ie w , w h ile b e lo w is a p ic t u r e
o f t h e s p e c ia l a n a ly s is b e n c h in t h e
s a m e la b o r a t o r y
G
traordinary tests on steel products
are conducted.
In another room also on the main
floor w here tin plate is tested fo r re­
sistance to corrosion is found the
on ly w ood used in the entire build­
ing. It form s an insulated w a ll lin­
ing.
T he balance o f the main floor
is given over to the offices o f the
plant m etallurgist, la b ora tory office,
observation staff, storeroom and la v ­
atory.
The low er floor, though located
p artially b elow ground level, re ­
ceives am ple d a ylight fo r such w ork
as physical testing. T he equipm ent
installed here includes a 200,000pound R iehle tensile testing machine,
tw o Olsen bending m achines, an
Erichsen ductility testing machine, a
R ock w ell m achine fo r testing sur40
/T E E L
FOR VITAL PARTS
OF
HEAVY DUTY
CONCRETE
MIXERS
V a n a d iu m S t e e l s c o n t r i b u t e to
the rugged dependability o f the
K o e h r in g 28-S C o n c r e t e M ix e r ,
m a de by K o eh rin g C o m p a n y ,
M ilw aukee, Wisconsin.
. . . K o e h r i n g U s e s V a n a d i u m S t ee l s
W h e n a contractor buys a heavy duty concrete m ixer he wants tw o defi­
nite qualities: ability to produ ce specification concrete at h igh speed and
lo w operating costs — and 100% dependability. T h e concrete m ixer must
stand up under hours and hours o f gru ellin g service; any failure o f the
mixer may tie up the entire jo b .
T h e new 28-S m odel K oeh rin g H eavy D u ty C oncrete M ix er meets the
contractor’s requirements. It is designed to p rodu ce quality concrete at
lo w cost. It is safeguarded against failure by the em ploym ent o f Vanadium
Steels in vital parts.
T h e shaft and reduction gears o f the K oeh rin g 28-S H eavy D uty M ixer
are Chrom ium -Vanadium Steel. T h e drum heads and drum roller tracks
w hich are cast integrally are M anganese-Vanadium Cast Steel.
Vanadium Steels — rolled, fo rg e d and cast — w ill help you add to the
perform ance and dependability o f your product. M etallurgical Engineers
o f the Vanadium C orporation o f Am erica w ill be glad to assist you in
the selection o f steels fo r specific applications.
•
Va n a d iu m C o r p o r a t i o n
of
A
m e r ic a
420 LEXINGTON AVENUE, NEW YORK, N. Y.
P lants a t B ridgeville, P a ., and N ia g ara F alls, N . Y .
Research and D evelopm ent Laboratories a t B ridgeville, P a .
o f vanadium, silicon, chromium,
and tita n iu m , p r o d u c e d b y th e
Vanadium Corporation o f Am erica,
are used by steel makers in the
production o f high-quality steels.
FOR S T R E N G T H - T O U G H N E S S - D U R A B I L I T Y
Septem ber 27, 1937
44
Gear Makers See Threat in
More Regulatory Legislation
UBJECTS relating to m anage­
m ent as w ell as to the technical
phases o f the industry w ere co n ­
sidered at the tw entieth semiannual
m eeting o f the Am erican Gear
M anufacturers association, held at
the Spink-W awasee hotel, W awasee,
Ind., Sept. 20-22. A departure from
the schedule o f previous gatherings,
m eetings w ere held only in the
m ornings o f the three days. M ore
than 100 attended.
L abor, credit and national legisla­
tion w ere som e o f the topics other
than those related directly to gear
m anufacturing and use that were
treated by the speakers. H. H. Kerr,
president, B oston Gear W ork s Inc.,
N orth Quincy, Mass., and president
o f the association, pointed out at
the opening session that the threat
still prevails o f the passing o f ad­
ditional regu latory legislation in
W ashington. Expectation that the
w a ge and hour bill will be passed
at the next session o f congress, p ro­
vided it can be brought to a vote
b efore the house, was expressed by
R. S. Sm ethurst, assistant counsel,
N ational A ssociation o f M anufac­
turers, in an address review ing pres­
ent and pending legislation.
S
U niform ity Needed in Credit
M anufacturers should be inter­
ested in the credit condition o f the
entire industry, o r industries, it
serves rather than that o f on ly in­
dividual custom ers, it was stated by
Paul Fielden, president, National
A ssociation o f Credit Men. He also
indicated that a breakdow n in re­
tail or banking credit easily could
be reflected back to the m an u fac­
turer. L abor relations and foreign
developm ents are factors which
lately have becom e m ore im portant
considerations in the extension o f
credit. T he speaker recom m ended
u niform ity in discount term s and
close adherence to such conditions.
A m ethod w hereby a m anufac­
turer can arrive at a clear and
graph ic understanding o f how his
42
w age rates com pare with those in
effect am on g other em ployers o f
his com m unity was described by
A . S. Crockett, General E lectric Co.,
W est Lynn, Mass. This m ethod in­
volves the plotting o f the rate fo r
a specific occupation against the
rate paid by other n eighboring co m ­
panies fo r sim ilar w ork. In order
that the average rate not be in­
fluenced unduly by the w age o f the
highest paid w orkers, a com parison
is m ade o f not only the average rate
but also o f those em ployes com pris­
in g that h alf o f the total num ber
receiving the highest rate.
A u tom otive Gears Discussed
A supplem ent to a paper on “ F a c­
tors Influencing the D urability o f
A utom obile Transm ission Gears,”
presented b efore the association at
its annual m eeting in M ay, b y J. O.
Alm en, head o f the dynam ics de­
partm ent,
research
laboratories,
General M otors Corp., D etroit, was
review ed b y the author. This su p­
plem ent described the m ethods fo r
calculating stress in helical auto­
m obile
transm ission
gears.
A
form u la also was presented fo r the
determ ination o f the bending stress
on spii'al bevel gears. W hile the
data included in this repoi't, as in­
dicated b y Mr. A lm en, is confined to
application to autom otive gears, the
association plans fu rth er study to
determ ine its value in connection
w ith other types o f geai's.
A m ethod o f hai'dening gears by
the oxyacetylen e torch process was
described by W . E. Sykes, FarrelB irm ingham Co. Inc., Buffalo. Since
gear teeth will cari’y a heavier load
when hardened, it is com m on prac­
tice to harden gears b elow 12 inches
in diam eter, but difficulties have
been encountered in treating larger
sizes by fu rn ace heating o r carburizing and at the sam e tim e lim iting
the am ount o f distortion, it was
pointed ou t by the speaker. The
niti'iding process also is som ew hat
slow and expensive w hen applied
to lai-ge gears and tends to m ake
the metal too brittle.
This situation has pi'om pted the
use o f an oxyacetylen e flam e fo l­
low ed b y a quick quench. A bout
7 or 8 years ago a m achine was
introduced that was adapted to guide
m echanically a suitable torch fitted
with a water jet. Mr. Sykes p re­
sented a m otion picture illustrating
the use o f such a m achine in hard­
ening the teeth o f large geai's.
Use o f suitable steels in con nec­
tion with the toi’ch hai’dening
m ethod was emphasized. “ W hen the
case hardening o f gears was first
introduced considerable trouble w as
experienced due to the fa ct that
m any m akers did not realize how
im portant it w as to obtain what was
called at the tim e a pui'e steel” (one
with a m inim um o f nonm etallic in­
clu sion s), he stated. “ In view of
this know ledge and experience it
is strange that m any experienced
engineers should expect the toi'ch
hardening pi’ocess to operate su c­
cessfu lly on alm ost any kind o f
material. It should hardly be n eces­
sary to explain that the application
o f a torch to p oor steel will not
elim inate its im purities and other
defects.
“ It is the author’s opinion that
the torch hai'dening m ethod pos­
sesses so m any advantages that it
is likely to be used on an extensive
scale notw ithstanding a fe w failures
and a certain am ount o f disparage­
ment. It has the extrem ely im ­
portant advantages o f hardening
gea r teeth w ithout appreciable dis­
tortion and o f doing this relatively
econom ically.
Suitable Steel M ust Be Used
“ W hen considering this process it
is desirable to bear in m ind that
by its use steel is heated to a som e­
what higher tem perature and rapidly
quenched and that a steel suitable
fo r this treatm ent should be used.
Up to the present, non-alloyed steel
containing from 0.4 to 0.6 per cent
/TEEL
carbon seem s to be suitable. Som e
o f the alloy steels have given g ood
results but greater care is necessary
to apply the correct heat and to
apply the quenching fluid at the co r­
rect distance from
the heating
flame. Som e steel castings contain­
ing as low at 0.3 per cent carbon
w ith a high m anganese percentage
also w ill harden satisfactorily.”
So fa r about 700 pairs o f gears
have been hardened on the m achine
described by Mr. Sykes, and these
are said to have given excellent re­
sults. W hile the torch hardening
m ethod is fa r from being a cure-all
fo r gear failure, it is predicted as
having a grow in g field o f u sefu l­
ness, not on ly in the treatm ent o f
gears but o f other m achine parts
as well.
E xperim ental w ork on the study
o f gear teeth pitting carried on by
W estinghouse E lectric & M fg. Co.,
E ast Pittsburgh, Pa., was discussed
by Dr. Stew art W a y o f that co m ­
pan y’s research laboratories. This
w ork includes tests m ade with pure
rollin g contact, using cylindrical
rollers, and tests o f gear sets. Dr.
W a y described prim arily the results
o f the roller pitting tests. This
m ethod has been used because pit­
ting usually occurs near the pitch
line o f gear teeth, w here there is
pure rollin g contact.
T he rollers used are run together
in pairs, one o f them being driven
externally and it in turn driving
the other by traction in the contact
area. T he upper roller is m ounted
in a bearing block attached to a
loading arm through w hich pressure
is applied.
Pits Start from Cracks
It has been fou n d that pits de­
velop fro m pitting cracks, the latter
starting in a sui'face layer less than
0.001-inch thick. It is not certain
w hether they start at the su rface
or below . T he general direction
taken by the cracks as they grow
alw ays bears a definite relation to
the direction o f rolling, according
to Dr. W a y ’s findings. His other
conclusions follow :
“ P itting cannot be produced w ith­
out the presence o f oil, and if oil
be added to a pair o f rollers that
has run dry at a load above the
pitting lim it fo r several million
cycles, pitting will occu r in a fe w
hundred thousand additional re v o ­
lutions.
“ The resistance to pitting was
found to be practically independent
o f the viscosity o f the oil fo r v is­
cosities 400 to 2000 seconds at the
operating tem perature, at a speed
o f 400 revolutions per minute. F or
higher viscosities than 2000 seconds
the pitting lim it increases appre­
ciably with increasing viscosity. The
action o f the heavier oils in dis­
cou ragin g pitting was found to lie
in their prevention o f the foi'm ation
Septem ber 27, 1937
o f pitting cracks, rather than in the
prevention o f the grow th o f cracks
to pits.
“ The pitting lim it was found to
depend to a considerable degree on
the su rfa ce finish, the finer finishes
g iv in g higher pitting limits.
“ The pitting lim it was found, fo r
all m aterials tested, to increase with
increasing hardness.”
A paper coverin g the relation be­
tween
m icrostru ctu re
and
machinability o f alloy gear steel, pre­
sented by N orm an E. W oldm an,
ch ief m etallurgical engineer, Eclipse
A viation Corp., East Orange, N. J.,
indicated that no one grain stru c­
ture is best suited fo r all types o f
m achining.
Steels Iteact Differently
As pointed out by the speaker,
each m achining operation in the
m anufacture o f gears requires a
specially-designed tool, made from
a required alloy and heat treated to
a definite hardness. F rom this it
follow s that there m ust be som e
difference in the behavior o f each
o f these tools on the one grade o f
steel and that different structures
o f the sam e steel will react d if­
feren tly to the sam e cutting tools.
Studies discussed in the paper in­
cluded on ly the oil hardening types
o f alloy steels, such as chrom evanadium, nickel-chrom e and nickelchrom e-m olybdenum .
T o establish definitely the rela­
tionship betw een the m icrostructure
and m achinability o f these alloy
steels, specim ens w ere treated and
machined with th e follow in g re­
sults:
F o r S A E 3250 and 4350 steels the
quenched and tem pered, fine-grained
spheroidized structure proved best
fo r autom atic m achining. F o r SAE
6150 steel
the
coarse
grained
spheroidized structure, obtained by
lon g annealing at and about the
low er critical
tem perature, was
found best fo r autom atic machining.
F o r all three steels, the laminatedpearlite structure, obtained b y an­
nealing above the upper critical tem ­
perature, w as best fo r broaching as
well as fo r gear cutting and fo r
single point tool turning o f the
bevel fa ces o f the gears.
The
spheroidized structure, obtained by
lon g annealing at and about the
low er critical tem perature, was best
fo r m inim um distortion in harden­
ing. T he annealed lam inated-pearlite
structure produced the m ost distor­
tion.
A paper, “ E lectric M otors fo r
G earm otor A pplications,” presented
by L. R. Botsai, Nuttall W orks,
W estinghouse E lectric & M fg. Co.,
Pittsburgh, review ed the different
classes o f m otors and their applica­
tions, particularly w hen applied
w ith reduction gears in m otorized
speed reducers. T orqu e character­
istics o f the various types o f induc­
tion and direct-current m otors w ere
described and typical uses o f each
w ere indicated.
M r. Botsai stated that the problem
o f selecting the right m otor fo r any
drive is one o f studying the applica­
tion, the starting and load require­
ments, M otors are rated in h orse­
p ow er at a given speed o r speeds,
while the torqu e varies as the square
o f the voltage, and any change in
freq u en cy o f the supply voltage o f
the m otor directly affects the torque
and speed o f the m otor.
V arious com m ittee reports co m ­
prised the balance o f the program .
It was announced that com pilation
o f the association’s recom m ended
practices w ill perm it distribution be­
fo re the annual m eeting next spring.
A proposal o f nom enclature fo r
gea r dynam ics has been prepared
and is to be subm itted to m em bers.
A report on the relation o f the
A m erican Gear M anufacturers as­
sociation to other associations in
standardization activities, prepared
by T. R. Rideout, Nuttall W orks,
W estinghouse E lectric & M fg. Co.,
Pittsburgh, was included in the
m eeting program but was pre­
sented on ly by title. This report dis­
cussed the activities o f the asso­
ciation in connection with the A m eri­
can
Standards
association,
the
fo rm e r being a join t spon sor fo r sec­
tional com m ittees on the standardi­
zation o f gears, roller chains and
sprocket teeth.
Issues Summary o f Silicosis
Laws and Literature
T he Pneurnonolconioses (silicosis)
L itera tu re and Law s, B ook III, by
G eorge G. Davis, Md. Ella M. Salm onsen, and Joseph L. E arlyw ine,
1033 pages, published by the C hicago
M edical Press, Chicago, and supplied
through S t e e l fo r $8.50 and in E u­
rope by the Penton P ublishing Co.
Ltd., London.
The first part o f this volum e in ­
cludes abstracts o f articles on sili­
cosis published during 1935 and 1936
in the United States and foreig n
countries. P art II consists o f the
occupational disease law s pertaining
to pneum onokonioses (silicosis) now
in fo rce in the United States and in
several foreig n countries.
This volum e fo llo w s B ooks I and
II coverin g literature and in form a ­
tion p rio r to 1934 and the m aterial
presented during 1934 respectively.
M edical index is included fo r
physicians, m edical students, m ed­
ical librarians and m edical tech n i­
cians. This is fo llo w e d b y a subject
index w hich should be o f practical
value to industrial physicians, and
hygienists, as w ell as to attorneys,
insurance carriers and the general
reader. An author index also is in­
cluded as is a bibliograp h y not p revi­
ously available in B ooks I and II.
43
• Even the most unique m ethod o f steel transportation
s o o n is q u ick ly fo r g o tte n for it s e lf— th o u g h ap­
preciated through the years because o f its excellent
daily performance.
The small view shows the first Chain Truck, P-6 , to
g o into active service. T he large picture shows it at
work, about a year after it had been installed. This
Truck was one o f tw o designed by Engineers o f the
Steel Company and o f Elwell-Parker, w h o built them,
and the first o f its kind to be put into service.
Elwell-Parker supplied these pioneering M od el P-6
Chain Trucks because o f unusual loads, handled under
unusual conditions. Longer hauls, for example; speedy
rate o f travel; exceptionally large coils (up to 60" diam­
eter, and totaling 20 tons); quick yet careful loading
and unloading by means o f chains, the speeds o f which
were timed to avoid damage to the coils transported.
Today, with transportation taking on new importance
as a factor in low er-cost production o f steel, Trans­
portation Engineers find Elwell-Parker’s co-operation
o f major importance in designing Truck Equipment
for special, as well as all standard, transportation jobs.
Elwell-Parker has built for Steel for a generation. Its
advance planning, backed by such practical experience,
will bring a quick solution o f your ow n problem s when
you call in an Elwell-Parker Steel Engineer.The ElwellParker Electric C o., 4501 St. Clair A ve., Cleveland, O .
LOOK
YOU
FOR
VISIT
THESE
THE
MACHINES
WHEN
MILLS
G A R Y
IN
ïlear^Iîjpe E L IU E L L - P f lR H E R - y ^ ^
ESTABLISHED
44
1893
•
BUILDING
POWER
INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS
SINCE
1906
/TEEL
Modem Handling Shows Results
In Profits of Forging Plant
F F IC IE N T handling system s fo r
standardized
produ ction
are
quite com m on — in fact, they
mean the difference betw een profits
and operations “ in the red” at m any
plants. System s m ay be evolved
after a study o f the product to be
made and the necessary processes.
But w hen an efficient handling
system is evolved fo r a plant w hich
does not produce any standard item
— w hose products vary in size from
a fe w inches to sevei’al feet and in
w eight fro m a fe w ounces to
hundreds o f pounds— that means
som ew h ere in the past there has
been an exhaustive research made
and innum erable experim ents car­
ried out.
R esearch o f this nature has been
done and the resulting system is op ­
erating efficiently, at the plant o f
Transue & W illiam s Steel F org in g
E
Corp., Alliance, O. In a norm al year,
20,000 to 30,000 tons o f fo rg in g s o f
all shapes and sizes are handled in
jo b lots through this plant. E fficient
handling m ethods have played an
im portant part in m aking this one
o f the largest independent p ro ­
ducers o f forg in g s.
That thought has been given to
all phases o f the m aterials handling
problem is evident throughout the
plant from the yards where in com ­
ing m aterial is stored to the ship­
ping dock w here it goes out as
finished forg in g s. T he cardinal point
em phasized in the entire system is
that no m aterial is ever placed on
the floor. B asic fa ctor is the use
B O V E is s h o w n a v ie w o£ th e
A
s to r a g e y a r d s h o w in g t h e t w o
ty p e s o f s k id s u s e d g e n e r a lly , th e
b o x t y p e a n d t h e U -s h a p e d ty p e .
L o w e r p h o t o s h o w s t h e fle e t o f
e le c t r ic h i g h - l i f t t r u c k s u s e d in
h a n d lin g t h e s k id s a n d t o t e b o x e s .
N o t e t h e t r u c k a t e x t r e m e le ft ,
w h i c h is e q u ip p e d w it h a r o lle r
p la t f o r m a n d a w in c h t o h a n d le
d ie s a n d d ie b lo c k s
S eptem ber 27, 1937
45
o f electric high lift trucks and
pressed steel tote boxes.
These
boxes are o f tw o types— boxes fo r
the sm aller forg in g s and U-shaped
units to accom m odate the longer
pieces. Skids and tote boxes are
form ed in one integral unit.
Entering the yards on a siding,
steel bar stock is stored according
to heat lots, or in som e cases ac­
cord in g to cu stom ers’ orders. The
stock yard is served by a 15-ton
overhead gantry crane. W hen stock
is required, it is loaded on small
bu ggies and carried down a track
into the shear room , w here it is
w eighed and cut to length.
T hree alligator type shears, a
large shear with capacity fo r 7-inch
rounds and a circular saw cut the
stock to required lengths. F rom
these cut-off m achines the stock is
placed in tote boxes.
F rom this point to the shipping
dock, stock is handled entirely in
tote boxes. E ach box is m arked with
a ticket sh ow in g com plete data on
its contents. It is interesting to note
that the com pan y analyzes all steel
b efore using it on any jo b . C om ­
plete laboratories are maintained to
perm it production o f forg in g s to
any specifications. The shear divi­
sion is located centrally fo r ease in
feeding the three ham m er shops.
T ote boxes from the shears and saw
are taken to the particular ham m er
designated fo r the fo rg in g job.
A fte r the fo r g in g operation, the
untrim m ed pieces are dropped by
the operators into tote boxes and
taken to the trim shop. On an en­
tirely mechanized system , flash is
rem oved by tw o press lines. The
presses are m ounted bridge fashion
ov er endless rubber belt conveyors.
As the fo rg in g s are trim m ed they
fall through onto the twin conveyors
and are carried under the presses
to the end o f the trim m ing line,
w here
operators
rem ove
them.
T hese men serve a dual pu rpose—
they classify the forg in g s as to
jo b s and at the sam e tim e inspect
them, th row in g the accepted pieces
into the ever present tote boxes.
E R E a re s h o w n t w o v ie w s o£
t h e p re ss lin e w h e r e fla sh is
r e m o v e d f r o m th e fo r g in g s . T h e
fin is h e d f o r g in g s d r o p t h r o u g h th e
p re sse s o n t o t w o b e lt c o n v e y o r s
s h o w n in t h e a b o v e p h o t o , f r o m
w h i c h t h e y a re s o r t e d i n t o th e
to te boxes sh ow n .
T h e fla sh is
p la c e d o n t h e c e n t e r c o n v e y o r
w h ich
ru n s
in
th e
o p p o s it e
d ir e c t io n , e n d in g u p a t t h e h o p p e r
s h o w n in t h e lo w e r v ie w
H
Flash fro m the presses is dropped
on a third continuous belt con veyor
running in the opposite direction
from the fo r g in g con veyors. It is
carried to the other end o f the line
w here it is dumped into a hopper.
This hopper is built so a lift truck
m ay pick it up and carry it to the
scrap yard, w here a special dum p­
ing m echanism on the h opper itself
rem oves the flash.
In the scrap yard are m ore evi­
dences o f the thought given to
handling problem s. Scrap, classified
as to analysis, is baled and stored in
/TEEL
'ta K M & K S L
^ n k s u &o l a w a m
For the Metal Working
Industry
Cleveland Tramrail for handling
in the heat treating processes.
t o m L M ® fc LL'V N t'Lra ii t m
S
• A 10 ton 80 foot span Cleveland Crane roller
bearing
equipped — girders,
trucks "A ll W e ld e d ."
trolleys,
end
A MODERN CRANE.
\ i\ C W
\A T T V .
NEW YORK • DETROIT
O
f f lO
PITTSBURG • CHICAGO
l e x i b i l i t y o f t h e s k id - a n d b o x s y s t e m is s h o w n t o g o o d
a d v a n ta g e in th e s h ip p in g d e ­
p a rtm en t
F
bins until it reaches carload p rop or­
tions. L arge flash is sheared into
pieces suitable fo r baling to elim ­
inate loose and um vieldly material
and consequently loss o f space in
freigh t cars.
T ote boxes o f trim m ed forgin gs
are carried to one o f three finish­
ing operations. Sm aller pieces are
cleaned in a rotary tum ble mill
loaded with stars. The mill, de­
signed b y plant engineers, are ex ­
cellent exam ples o f the “ no extra
handling” principle. The tote boxes
filled with forg in g s are placed in
a lifting device at one end o f the
mill, w hich picks up the box and
dum ps its enth’e contents into the
mill. An internal spiral holds the
forg in gs in the m ill while they are
cleaned; when they are finished, the
mill is reversed and the spiral re­
m oves the forgin gs, turning them
out into a w aiting tote box. F rom
the cleaner they are taken to inspec­
tion and finally to the shipping dock
where they are w eighed and shipped.
M oderate sized f o r g i n g s are
cleaned in a rotary pickling unit.
Contents o f the boxes are placed
in perforated, acid resisting m etal
baskets, carried through the vari­
ous stations and returned in the
boxes to inspection. L a rge pieces
are cleaned by a steel-shot blasting
process.
In the large ham m er shop, a
m onorail crane is used in handling
especially large forg in g s. F o r ex­
am ple, one operation requiring three
ham m er operations and tw o heat­
ings involves a rear axle housing
fo r heavy trucks. T he m onorail is
used to ca rry these pieces fro m
ham m er to ham m er and through
the furnaces.
Continuous quench and draw fu r­
naces as well as several batch type
furnaces are equipped w ith m on o­
rails to handle the trays o f forgin g s.
These trays are filled directly from
tote boxes to elim inate stacking any
pieces on the floor.
It is a testim ony to the thorough(P lea se turn to P a g e 70)
A St rsuhcokws n s eint
th e above p h o to ,
t o t e b o x e s in th e
h o p p e r o f t h e r o t a r y c le a n in g m ill,
w h ich d u m p s th e c o n te n ts in th e
m i ll. A f t e r t h e c le a n in g o p e r a t io n
t h e f o r g in g s fa ll in t o a n o t h e r t o t e
b o x a s s h o w n b e lo w , e lim in a t in g
a ll h a n d lin g
4S
/ TEEL
problem s o f atom busting to the
problem s o f welding, since the
fo rm e r deals with atom ic structure
and the latter has to do w ith m olecu ­
lar bonds, yet there is no scrap o f
in form ation on the ultim ate con sti­
tution o f m atter so sm all as to be
w ithout significance. One chance ex­
perim ent w ith results o f no interest
to the atom busting physicists m ight
change the w h ole picture o f w eld­
ing over night.
Education In W e ld in g
M P A T IE N C E o f m any with en­
gineering colleges that deal with
welding in a m ost p erfu n ctory m an­
ner is brin gin g about m ore serious
treatm ent o f the subject.
The plain fa c t is that civil,
m echanical and m etallu rgical en­
gineers w h o don ’t kn ow the fu n da­
m entals o f w elding are seriously
handicapped if they w ish to advance
rapidly in their profession.
But there is m uch to be said on
the side o f the overloaded engineer­
in g colleges. W here, fo r instance,
w ill a colleg e g et an engineer, with
a degree and ten years experience
in w elding, to teach the su b ject?
A nd after such men are located, how
w ill the adm inistrative officers get
them to teach fo r less than h alf as
m uch as they can earn in industry?
In the m atter o f academ ic rank they
w ould be about on a level with the
m anual training instructors. N ot
m an y w ould accept such position.
A n easier solu tion to the problem
w ould be fo r the w elding industry
to run su m m er courses fo r present
college teachers o f the rank o f p ro­
fe sso r or assistant p rofessor. Such
courses could be arranged to co n ­
fo rm to academ ic custom s and lead
to a suitable degree which w ould be
o f real value to professional teach­
ers. B y m aking the activity sp on ­
sored join tly by the colleges, the
teachers and the w elding industry,
the m on ey cost w ou ld be within
bounds but it w ould be enough to
m ake everyon e respect the results.
I
TN this colum n, the author, well-known
consulting en gin eer in w elding, is given
w ide latitude in presenting his views.
They d o not necessarily co in cid e with
those of the editors of STEEL
p roxim ity and the orbits o f the elec­
trons are disposed in an optim um
m anner tow ards each other, a rela ­
tively sm all am ount o f en ergy is
required to bi’in g about a m olecular
bond b y w hich a new system is
form ed. T he en ergy m ay be heat
or m echanical pressure.
T hat relatively large am ounts o f
en ergy are required m ight be ex ­
plained b y the w ell know n fa ct that
all m etals used com m ercially, no
m atter how pure they m ay be, are
extrem ely heterogeneous w ith r e f­
erence to any particular arran ge­
m ent o f atom s, m olecules and
crystals.
It m ight be su ggested that fusion
takes place readily at tem peratures
at w hich the m etal is liquid because
resistance has been broken down
to a presum ed tendency o f atom s
and m olecules to arran ge them selves
in a m anner fa vora b le to establish­
m ent o f new m olecular bonds on a
universal scale.
It m ay seem a lon g step fro m the
W e ld in g Q u a lity Steel
IT H the addition o f M ayari R
Steel, B ethlehem 's new prod­
uct, the g row in g fam ily o f high ten­
sile, w elding quality steels seem s
to have reached a m ature develop­
ment.
The m ovem ent besides introduc­
ing such unusual w ords as Cor-Ten,
Man-Ten, Sil-Ten, Y o lo y or R. D. S.,
has pushed the tensile strength o f
the heavier gages o f steel up to
about the lim it that can be cold
fabricated w ith existing equipm ent.
T hese steels ai'e the answ er to
the w elder’s prayer o f five years
ago. T he steel producers have put
steel on the line that is a m atch
fo r the best w elding rod and tech­
nique the w elding industry has been
able to invent.
W here to g o fro m here seem s to
be an opportune question. The steel
and the perfection o f w elding tech­
nique are at about an even stand­
off. It appears likely that the field
o f com posite m etals welded togeth er
to put the righ t alloy at the proper
point is the next great field o f op ­
portunity fo r the steel producers
and the w elding industry.
M ore is known now on this sub­
ject than w as know n ten years ago
about produ cin g these new steels.
W
Rubber Sandwich W ith stan ds Test
A to m Busters and W e ld in g
R
e p o r t e d construction o f tw o
m ore atom busters b y Chicago
B ridge & Iron W ork s, fo r Carnegie
Institute and R ice Institute focu ses
attention on the w ork o f physicists
in a field w hich intrigues everyone
w h o w ork s with w elding processes.
A fo rce w hich is sufficient to
shatter an atom into its com ponent
parts m ight conceivably be applied
to brin g atom s togeth er in a weld.
Old as the craft o f w elding is, very
little is know n o f the precise
m echanism b y w hich the phenom e­
non occurs. A m olecular bond or
weld m ay be established b y heat,
heat and pressure or pressure alone.
T he th eory has been advanced
that, if tw o m olecules are in close
Septem ber 27, 1937
B
ONDING of ru bber to metal so firmly that the metal actually turns inside out b efore
the b o n d tears loose is illustrated by this test con d u cted in the laboratories of United
States R ubber Products Inc., New York. The rubber mounting, seen in center, was held
firmly in a testing m achine while a clam p g rip p ed the two bolts located in the channel.
Trem endous pull was exerted with the result pictured. At the left, the ch ann el has b een
pu lled inside out, although the b on d still holds. At the right, the bolt was pu lled out,
w hile the ru bber still clin gs to the metal
49
T H I S S H O V E L B E D F R A M E , w e ld e d fr o m
b ea m s e c t io n s a n d r o l le d s t e e l p la te s , is p a rt
o f an a ll w e ld e d d r a g lin e s h o v e l h a n d lin g a
2 Zi cu . y d . b u c k e t o n an SO ft. b o o m . O n su ch
e q u ip m e n t , g o o d e n g in e e r in g d e s ig n h a s m a d e
im p o r t o n t s t r id e s in r e d u c in g w e ig h t w it h o u t
s a c r ific in g str e n g th . R o l le d s t e e l c o n s t r u c t i o n
w ith U ' S ’ S H ig h T e n s i le S t e e ls - w i l l d o it
m o s t e c o n o m i c a ll y . . . w il l q u ic k ly p a y fo r
it s e lf in in c r e a s e d c a p a c it y , r e d u c e d o p e r a t ­
in g c o s t s .
IN THE
n
i r i l T
aBSb M
A
'M
HI!
T H I S G I A N T G I R D E R fo r th e w o r l d ’ s la rg e s t
w e ld e d c r a n e — 2 0 0 to n s c a p a c it y 104 ft. sp a n -w e ig h t
8 0 0 ,0 0 0 lb s . Is c o m p le t e l y w e ld e d o f U * S * S M a n T e n , in p la te s fr o m 7 / 1 6 " t o l l/%" t h ic k . H ig h t e n s ile
s tr e n g th o f 8 0 ,0 0 0 p s i. m in ., w ith u n ifo r m c h a r a c ­
t e r i s t ic s t h r o u g h o u t , g iv e s it m a x im u m s t r e n g t h and
s a fe t y w ith m in im u m w e ig h t .
M A N IP U L A T O R
f o r p o s it i o n in g p a r ts ,
s im p lifie s h a n d lin g a n d e x p e d it e s t h e w o r k o f
w e ld in g r o lle d s t e e l c o n s t r u c t i o n . R o l le d
s t e e l and s t e e l c a s t in g s a re c o m b in e d in t h is
u n it m a k in g it s t r o n g , r ig id a n d lig h t — th u s
g iv in g th e g r e a t e s t fu n c t io n a l e ffic ie n c y . P a r t
b e in g w e ld e d is a t u r b o -g e n e r a t o r b a s e .
m
he
HdS
A f if i
JHL
JEl
This outstanding advantage
of Rolled Steel Construction
will increase efficiency... reduce weight
and b u lk . . . lengthen life. . . lower costs
H I S S H I P ’ S R U D D E R fo r O h io R i v e r u se
o f w e ld e d , r o l le d s t e e l c o n s t r u c t i o n . W e ig h s
:ss in w a t e r th a n t h e w o o d e n r u d d e r it r e la ces, p r e s e n t s a s m o o t h e r , s t r e a m lin e d s u r ice t o w a t e r flo w th a t s h o u ld m a k e it m o r e
T c c t iv e . M a d e o f U : S * S C o r - T f. n h a v in g 4
» 6 tim e s th e a t m o s p h e r ic c o r r o s i o n r e s is n ce o f p la in s t e e l, it w il l la st in s e r v i c e .
Y this m odern fabrication m ethod, m achine fram es,
housings, beds, bases, supports, drum s and wheels—
sim ple and intricate con stru ctions, b oth large and small
— can be built up from individual parts which are torch
cut from sim ple rolled steel shapes and then welded into
one strong, h om ogeneous unit.
B
R olled Steel con stru ction offers a new freedom in de­
sign. It offers a faster, m ore econ om ical m ethod o f con ­
struction. B ut even m ore im portan t, it places at the dis­
posal o f the designer and fabricator the entire range of
m etallu rgy’s special steels. Perm its you to pick these
steels to exa ctly fit each jo b — to place these steels where
th ey will d o the m ost g ood . M akes it possible to com bine
one special steel with another. Or to com bine them with
castings whenever such com bination s seem desirable.
So we say, when you design for rolled steel construc­
tion, keep in mind the special steels we offer— and what
th ey will d o for you . For exam ple—
— to carry high unit stresses and reduce weight to a
m inim um , there are U 'S 'S High Tensile Steels.
— to provid e high im pact strength at low tem peratures,
there is U 'S 'S Steel for L ow T em peratu re Service.
— to reduce abrasive wear and cut dow n replacem ents,
there is U 'S 'S A b ra sion -R esisting Steel.
— to endure tem peratures disastrous to other metals,
there is U 'S 'S H ea t-R esistin g Steel (2 5 -1 2 ).
— to carry bearing pressures safely, there are several
special analyses o f U 'S 'S C arilloy A lloy Steels.
— to resist corrosive en vironm ents, there are U 'S 'S
Stainless Steels in special analyses which can be
welded with no loss in corrosion resistance.
For virtu ally every special need, there are special
rolled steels with special properties to m ake y ou r equ ip ­
m ent longer-lasting, safer and lighter. W rite us freely
about any problem which you feel rolled steel design—
or these special steels— m ight help you solve.
A M E R I C A N S T E E L & W I R E C O M P A N Y , C l e v e l a n d , C h i c a g o and N e t s Y oi
C A R N E G I E - I L L I N O I S S TEEL C O R P O R A T I O N , P i t t s b u r g h and C h ic a g o
C O L U M B I A S T E E L C O M P A N Y , San F r a n c i s c o
TENNESSEE
N A T I O N A L TUBE C O M P AN Y , Pittsburgh
C O A L , I R O N and R A I L R O A D C O M P A N Y ,
U n it e d S ta te s S t e e l P r o d u c t s C o m p a n y , N e w Y o r k , E x p o r t D i s t r i b u t o r s
Birmingham
Finish Clinches Motorcycle Sales
In Highly Competitive Market
H IL E
a highly
finished
m otorcycle m ay be the pride
o f a m ounted p olice officer’s
heart, it can scarcely be expected
that its pleasing appearance will
even be noticed, m uch less appre­
ciated by an unhappy m otorist w ho
has been ordered to "pu ll over to the
cu rb.” A s fo r the police officer, he
could p erform his duty ju st as well
if the m achine had no finish at all,
but the fa ct rem ains that m otor­
cycles, w hether operated b y the
police or private owners, are highly
finished at a considerable cost. This
is true because in a highly com peti­
tive m arket w hich
has forced
m echanical developm ent to a high
degree o f perfection, sales appeal
depends largely upon appearance.
W
Finishes Involve Heavy Expense
M otorcycle finishing can be di­
vided into tw o classifications, finish
o f fram es, fenders, gas tanks and
sim ilar parts, w hich arc done in
synthetic enam els o f various colors,
and plating and polishing o f num er­
ous bright parts such as handle bars,
hubs, rim s and other conspicuous
parts. F inishing m ethods used by
Indian M otorcycle Co., Springfield,
Mass.. reveal the am ount o f labor
and expense involved in applying
m otorcycle finishes.
M otorcycle fram es are welded
units and the first finishing opera­
tion is filing aw ay o f superfluous
material around the joints. A m otor­
cy cle fra m e is a som ew hat co m ­
plicated structure and fo r this rea­
son it is n ot considered practicable
to attem pt to polish it on ordinary
52
setup polishing wheels. H ow ever, a
certain am ount o f abrasive w ork is
p erform ed with m anufactured alu­
m ina cloth, 60 grit, cut in strips and
used by hand. Steel w ool is also
used freely.
Oven Arrangement Is Novel
A ll enam eled parts are first given
a spray coat o f brow n baking
prim er. Spray booths are adequately
equipped with ventilating devices
and lighting facilities are provided
which shine directly into the booths
w ithout objectionable glare. The
prim er is baked in a steam heated
oven, 125 feet long. B aking tem pera­
ture is fro m 220 to 250 degrees Fahr.
T he oven is provided with tracks
which accom m odate tw o trains o f
racks o f the typ e show n in a ccom ­
panying illustrations. W hen an o p ­
erator has filled a rack with sprayed
parts he pushes it into the oven.
Since the oven is kept fu ll o f racks
this action pushes a truck o f co m ­
pletely baked parts out at the other
end. T he length o f the oven is
sufficient to perm it com plete baking.
I f slight delays should occur, a short
overbakin g at this tem perature
w ould do little or no harm.
Parts are then sanded to a
sm ooth finish, given another coat o f
prim er follow ed b y tw o co lo r coats,
both o f w hich are baked at 200
degrees Fahr. in the sam e type o f
oven as used fo r the prim in g coats.
Fram es are ready fo r striping
w ithout fu rth er treatm ent but this
is not true o f fenders, tanks, side
cars and other units having large
finished surfaces. T hese parts are
all hand rubbed to a u n iform ly
sm ooth gloss with pum ice and water.
T he pum ice used is the finest grit
obtainable and is k now n at Italian
pum ice, A m erican ground.
T he Indian head w hich appears
on these m otorcycles is applied by
decalcom ania though the striping
around it is applied by hand.
Fenders and other parts are also
hand striped although in som e in­
stances it is possible to use m asks
when laying one color over another.
Lettering Done by Hand
O ften it is necessary to letter
tanks o r other parts w ith advertis­
ing mattei-, police insignia or other
devices. This w ork is done b y hand,
using stencils on occasion on ly to
outline letters in chalk. V arious
colors are used such as, g old on a
black background w ith a red ou t­
line around the letters and m any
others. A high standard o f quality
is m aintained since nothing w ould
detract m ore from the final finish
than a p oor jo b o f lettering.
A fte r lettering and stripin g is
com pleted parts are coated w ith a
clear synthetic enam el which is
baked at 200 degrees Fahr. T he
sam e type o f baking racks and
ovens as described above are used
fo r this w ork.
W h ile these m ethods o f finishing
are costly, they represent a con ­
siderable saving w hen com pared
w ith the cost o f the hand enam eling
m ethods fo rm e rly used.
M ethods used in preparing metal
su rfaces fo r electroplating depend
(P lea se turn to P a g e 68)
/TEEL
L L e n a m e le d p a r t s a re g iv e n
A
a spray co a t o f b row n
b a k in g p r im e r . S h o w n r ig h t is
s p r a y b o o t h a n d r a c k o f fin is h e d
p a r t s r e a d y t o b e w h e e le d in t o
b a k in g o v e n
radem ark s
T
a re a p p lie d b y
decalcom ania
p rocess. O p era tor
a t le f t is h a n d
s t r i p in g
arou n d
tr a d e m a r k . R ig h t
is
show n
how
fin is h
coat
of
e n a m e l is r u b b e d
to a s m o o th su r­
fa c e w it h p u m ic e
a n d w a te r
IS H E D p a r t s a re
FIN
w it h c le a r s y n t h e t ic
coa ted
b a k in g
e n a m e l a n d p la c e d in w h e e le d
r a ck s . R a c k s a re p la c e d in t r a in
as s h o w n l e f t
and
pu shed
t h r o u g h o v e n in p r o g re s s iv e
c h a in as r a c k s a re fille d
O L IS H IN G o p e r a t io n s a re c o n d u c t e d
P
b y h a n d as s h o w n a b o v e . I n t r ic a t e s h a p e
o f p a r t s s h o w n le f t illu s tr a t e s w h y a u t o ­
m a t ic p o li s h in g m e t h o d s c a n n o t r e a d ily
b e a p p lie d i n m o t o r c y c le m a n u f a c t u r e
Septem ber 27, 1937
53
M
Details of a Heat of Stainless Steel
Produced in the Electric Furnace
H E N the first electric steelm aking fu rn ace w as built in
this cou ntry in 1906, it com ­
peted w ith and soon replaced the
crucible process as the principal
m edium fo r the production o f high
grade alloy and tool steels, ju st as,
38 years before, the first open hearth
fu rn ace com peted with the bessem er
W
con v erter fo r su prem acy in the
field o f producing ordin ary steels
in la rge quantities, accord in g to
S teel F a cts, published by the A m er­
ican Iron and Steel institute, N ew
Y ork.
T he electi’ic fu rn a ce process is in­
herently m ore expensive in op era ­
tion than any o f the oth er m odern
steel m aking processes, and com ­
pared with an open hearth fu rn ace
o r a bessem er converter, the daily
output o f an electric fu rn ace is
sm all.
T he average open hearth
fu rn ace can produce 225 tons o f
steel in 24 hours, the bessem er con ­
verter about 2800 tons, and the
average electric fu rn a ce betw een 30
and 40 tons. F o r those reasons, on ly
the finest grades o f steel are p ro­
duced b y the electric fu rn ace m eth­
od. A bout l '/ j per cent o f the steel
m ade today in the United States is
m elted in electric furnaces, but its
im portance is fa r g rea ter than the
ton n age indicates.
Steels o f the highest grad e fo r
use in aircraft, autom obiles, bear­
ings, m agnets, m any kinds o f tools,
engine valves and innum erable oth ­
er im portant uses are produced in
electric furnaces. Stainless and
heat resisting steels are m ade al­
m ost exclu sively by that process.
E lectricity is used solely f o r the
production o f heat and does not o f
itself im part any m ysterious p rop ­
erties to steel. N evertheless, the
electric fu rn a ce m ethod allow s cer­
tain advantages im possible o f at­
tainm ent in other steel m elting
processes. T he electric fu rn ace gen ­
erates extrem ely h igh tem perature,
up to 3500 degrees F ahr., v e ry ra p ­
idly.
T he tem perature is at all
tim es under precise con trol and is
easily regulated.
Furtherm ore, the produ ction of
heat b y electricity is unique in that
oxy g en is not n ecessary to support
com bustion and the atm osphere
w ithin an electric fu rn ace m ay be
/TEEL
O ur Customers
Control O ur Sheet Mill Schedules
Doesn't mailer how busy Youngsiown's
sheei mills m ay be, they are scheduled
noi by ihe operating department (which
would be the easy w a y for us) but by
the sales department for the conven­
ience and service of you, our regular
customer. Y ou as a custom er might
THE
YOUNGSTOWN
have some sudden demand put upon
you, or you might need a different
g a u g e or an alysis of steel quickly.
W h e n that h ap pen s, rem em ber that
Youngsiown's mills are manned b y a
bunch that's ready to turn the place
upside-down to serve you.
SHEET
M a n u f a c t u r e r s o f C arbo n a n d A l l o y Steels
•
AND
TUBE
COMPANY
G e n e r a l O ffic e s, Y o u n g sto w n , O hio
S h e e ts • P l a t e s • P ip e a n d T u b u l a r P r o d u c ts • C o n d u it • T in P la te • B a r s • R o d s • W ir e • N a ils • U n io n s • T ie P l a t e s a n d S p ik e s
regulated at w ill. T he quantity o f
oxyg en entering the fu rn ace can
be precisely con trolled, w hich is not
the case in the open hearth and bessem er processes. Thus the presence
o f even m inute quantities o f oxygen,
com pou n ds o f oxyg en w ith other
elem ents, o r oth er im purities unde­
sirable in fine steels, can be m ate­
rially reduced. In addition, the elec­
tric fu rn ace process perm its the ad­
dition o f expensive a lloyin g ele­
m ents to m olten steel w ithout loss
by oxidation.
F o r all o£ these reasons the m etal­
lurgist can con trol com position m ore
closely and produce steel w ith fe w ­
er im purities in an electric fu rn ace
than in any other steelm aking fu r­
nace.
Description of Furnace
B ody o f the electric fu rn ace is a
circu lar steel shell, resem bling a
huge teakettle in general appear­
ance. It is m ounted on rockers so
that the fu rn a ce can be tilted to
pour o ff m olten m etal and slag. The
bottom o f the fu rn ace is lined with
refra ctory brick and other heat-re­
sisting m aterials to fo r m a bow l
shaped container.
Side w alls w hich are also lined
w ith re fra cto ry brick, contain three
or m ore open in gs: A clay-lined spout
fo r tapping o ff the m olten metal and
slag, and doors fo r ch argin g raw
m aterials. T he doors, operated m e­
chanically, are in som e cases w ater
cooled.
R o o f o f the fu rn ace is lined with
nine inches or m ore o f re fra cto ry
brick and is shaped like a flat dom e.
T h rou gh this dom e grea t colum ns
o f carbon reach into the furnace.
T hese are the electrodes w hich car­
r y the current to the steel charge.
T hey are com m on ly 17 inches or
m ore in diam eter and about six feet
long. T he flow o f current is regu ­
lated b y raising and low erin g the
electrodes, each o f w hich m ay be
adjusted independently o f the oth ­
ers.
In general, the grea ter the
distance betw een the electrodes and
the charge, the less heat is produced.
E lectrodes are spaced fa r enough
apart so that no arc can occu r b e ­
tw een one and another. T hey p ro­
je ct to within an inch o f the layer
o f m olten slag w hich floats on top
o f the steel and serves to prevent
the intense heat o f the arc fr o m
burning the steel. T he slag also
shields the m etal fro m carbon va­
pors em itted by the electrodes.
T he current jum ps the gap be­
tw een the electrode and the slag,
passes fro m the slag into the metal
and is conducted through the m etal
and up to th e fo o t o f the n ext elec­
trode, striking an oth er arc. A ll the
heat produced in the fu rn a ce is gen ­
erated b y the arcs.
Because the m etal im m ediately
below the electrodes is h otter than
56
that n ear the w alls o f the furnace,
the m olten m etal is in constant m o­
tion, as if it w ere boiling, and so
is th orou gh ly m ixed and u niform ly
heated.
E lectric furnace steel m elting o p ­
erations are supervised by a m elter.
The usual crew o f a 10-ton fu rn a ce
consists o f a m elter and helper, but
in plants w here m ore than one fu r ­
nace is operated it is com m on p rac­
tice to place all the fu rn aces in
ch arge o f one m elter. In that case
each fu rn a ce is m anned by a first
helper and second helper.
In addition to supervising the o p ­
eration o f the furnaces, the m elter
determ ines w h at quantity o f alloys
is to be added to the steel to m eet
specified analyses, and gen erally
acts in an ad visory cap acity to the
first helpers w h o actu ally operate
the furnaces. Second helpers assist
first helpers in operating furnaces,
m ake m ost o f the m inor repairs
and w eigh and ch arge the alloys
used in m aking steel.
Judgment Is Required
M anufacture o f steels in electric
fu rn aces depends la rg e ly upon the
ability and g ood ju d gm en t o f the
men, fo r the fu rn a ce is sim ply a
to o l in their hands. H ow that tool
is used is illustrated in the fo llo w ­
ing authentic “ case h istory ” o f a
heat o f stainless steel m ade in an
electric furnace.
T he m elter w as given orders to
produce a heat o f stainless steel, to
contain betw een 0.07 and 0.12 per
cent carbon, fr o m 0.25 to^tMO per
cent m anganese, a m axim um o f 0.02
per cent each o f phosphorus and
sulphur, silicon betw een 0.30 and
0.50 per cent, chrom ium fr o m 18 to
20 per cent and nickel betw een 8
and 10 per cent. T he fo llo w in g rec­
ord show s how it w as done.
11:30 a. m.— Furnace crew re ­
paired the bottom o f a fu rn ace in
which a heat o f steel had ju st been
made.
11:45 a. m.— B egan load in g or
ch a rgin g the fu rn ace w ith 5800
pounds o f boiler plate scrap, 3000
pounds o f spring steel scrap, 2000
pounds o f stainless steel scrap and
1500 pounds o f pure nickel.
(S crap fo r the electric furnace
process is ca refu lly selected and is
purchased to ch em ical analysis. The
boiler plate and spring steel scrap
w ere selected because they con ­
tained little phosphorus and sul­
phur. The stainless steel scrap w as
produced in the plan t; it consisted
o f the ends o f rolled billets which
had been cut o ff to insure soundness
in the finished product. A ll con stit­
uents o f the ch arge are selected to
g iv e a sm aller percentage o f the
various elem ents in the m olten steel,
o r “ bath” than is desired in the
finished steel. T hat m ethod allow s
final adjustm ent o f com position to
be m ade by adding m ore alloys, the
easiest and m ost precise m ethod o f
con trol.)
12:10 p. m.— C hai'ging finished
and current turned on.
(T he fu rn ace during the "m elt­
ing dow n ” period draw s 12,000 am ­
peres at 140 volts, w hich produces
sufficient en ergy in the fo rm o f
heat, m ore than 3000 degrees Fahr.,
to m elt the ch arge o f cold m etal.
B y com parison, an electric flatiron
draw s 5 am peres at 115 volts.
M ovem ent o f Electrodes
D uring the m elting dow n period
the electrodes rise and fa ll, or
“ search.” T hose pieces o f steel pro-'
truding fr o m the ch arge are m elted
first, the electrod e descending as
the piece melts. T he electi’odes rise
and fa ll m any tim es as proti’uding
pieces m elt dow n until the m etal is
com p letely m olten, then m ove very
little th ereafter.)
1:30 p. m.— M elting dow n fin­
ished. F ive hundred pounds o f iron
ore containing about 50 per cent
m etallic iron w ere ch arged into the
furnace.
(Iron ore is a chem ical com pound
o f iron and oxygen. The heat o f
the fu rn ace releases the oxy gen
w hich com bines with carbon to fo rm
carbon m on oxide gas w hich is
burned. T he iron enters the bath
and the im purities in the ore fo rm
a slag w hich assists in the rem oval
o f phosphorus and som e oth er im ­
purities. A second slag is form ed
later to rem ove the rem ainder.)
2:00 p. m.— F irst helper took
sm all sam ple from the furnace in
a lon g spoon or ladle and poured
the m olten m etal into a m old to
solidify. A fte r the test in got had
solidified it w as cooled in running
water, then drilled and the drillings
sent to the con trol la b ora tory fo r
ch em ical analysis.
2:05 p. m.— The slag form ed by
oxidized im purities w as draw n off.
The fu rn a ce w as tilted sligh tly and
a w ork m an skim m ed o ff the slag
w ith a lon g handled hoe.
2:20 p. m.— An alkaline sla g to
extract oxy g en and oth er im purities
fr o m the ch arge w as now fo rm ed by
adding 350 pounds o f dry lim e (ca l­
cium o x id e ), 150 pounds o f fluorspar
(calciu m fluoride), and 120 pounds
o f crushed ferrosilicon con tain ing
0.50 per cent carbon, 50 per cent
silicon and the balance iron. T he
fu rn ace current w as reduced to 10,000 am peres at 110 volts because the
fu rn ace w as up to p rop er tem pera­
ture.
(W ith the form a tion o f this clean s­
in g slag the true refining stage o f
the process begins. T he m ost im ­
portan t constituent o f the slag is
the calcium oxide w hich rem oves
sulphur and reduces carbon. F lu or­
spar keeps the slag fluid, w h ile the
silicon in the ferrosilicon com bines
/ TEEL
w ith the oxy gen in the steel and
tran sfers it to the slag.)
2:25 p. m.— C ontrol la b ora tory re­
ported analysis at 2:00 p. m. as ca r­
bon 0.027 per cent (too lo w ) ph os­
phorus 0.017 p er cent (w ithin de­
sired r a n g e ); nickel 12.21 per cent
(too high but soon to be diluted by
subsequent m etallic ch a rg es).
2:35 p. m.— T he slag w as now
doin g its w ork.
T he am ount o f
chrom ium w as brought up to spe­
cification by adding 4600 pounds o f
low carbon ferroch rom iu m , and the
fu rn ace current w as increased to
12,000 am peres at 140 volts to m elt
the ferroch rom iu m quickly.
(F erroch rom iu m is an a lloy con ­
taining 0.10 per cent carbon, 70 per
cent chrom ium , and the balance
iron. A t the sam e time, 15 pounds
o f crushed ferrosilicon w as added to
the slag and 30 pounds o f lum p fe r ­
rosilicon w as added to the steel.
The lum ps sink thi’ough the slag
into the bath.)
2:55 p. m.— F erroch rom iu m w as
melted. F urn ace current w as re ­
duced again to 10,000 am peres at
110 volts.
3:30 p. m.— F irst helper ordered
a ladle preheated p rep a ra tory to
tapping the furnace.
(P reh eatin g o f the ladle is done
to reduce ch illin g o f the m olten
m etal as m uch as possible and to
prevent the form a tion o f a la rge
“ sk u ll” or crust in the bottom .)
4:00 p. m .— Second test in got w as
taken fro m fu rn ace and drillings
sent to con trol la b ora tory fo r ch em ­
ical analysis.
4:30 p. m.— L a b o ra to ry reported
analysis o f sam ple as ca rb on 0.06
per cent (to o l o w ) ; m anganese 0.16
p er cent (to o l o w ) ; silicon 0.36 per
cent (w ithin desired r a n g e ); ch ro ­
m ium 19.35 per cent (w ithin desired
r a n g e ).
(F ro m this rep ort the m elter ca l­
culated the am ounts o f the several
elem ents that m ust be added to
bring the steel to the desired co m ­
position. H e fou n d that as a result
o f the several m etallic additions
the nickel content, p reviou sly too
high, had been low ered b y dilution
and w as n ow sligh tly too low .)
5:00 p. m.— Second helper added
56 pounds o f pure nickel to adjust
com position.
5:10 p. m.— Second helper added
47 pounds o f one per cent carbon
ferrom a n ga n ese
(80.00 per cent
m an gan ese), 25 pounds o f "w a sh ”
m etal (low -phosphorus iron con ­
taining 4 p er cent c a r b o n ); and 30
pounds o f lum p ferrosilicon .
(T h e ferrom a n g a n ese and wash
m etal adjust the am ount o f m an ga­
nese and carbon, resp ectively; the
ferrosilicon is a gen eral scaven ger
o f an y rem ainin g im purities.)
5:30 p. m.— T he m elter’s calcula­
tions w ere rechecked and showed
that all specified elem ents o f the
steel w ere within the ranges de­
sired.
T he preheated ladle was
cleaned out with a blast o f co m ­
pressed air and brou ght up under
the fu rn ace spout by an overhead
crane.
Furnace w as tilted and
steel flow ed into the ladle. D uring
tapping, sm all quantities o f alum ­
M agnetic Test Reveals Flaws in C am shafts
ONDESTRUCTIVE testing of C adillac camshafts is a c ­
com plish ed b y a m agnetic m ethod illustrated in these two
photographs. The fo rg e d S.A.E. 1015 steel shaft first is m a g ­
netized b y the setup shown at the left. Then it is d ip p ed into a
turbulent solution in w hich iron filings are kept in constant
suspension b y air agitation. W h en the part is rem oved as show n
at the right, filings will b e m assed a rou nd any flaws du e to the
inum w ere added to the stream o f
m etal to counteract any oxidation
that m ight occu r as a result o f con ­
tact with the air. T he sla g was
prevented fro m fo llo w in g the steel
into the ladle b y a skim m er on the
spout o f the furnace.
5:35 p. m.— Ladle fu ll and furnace em pty. T em perature o f the
steel checked b y optical p yrom eter
and fou n d to be too hot to pour
into in got m olds.
(P rop e r pou rin g tem perature fo r
this type o f steel has been predeter­
mined b y past experience and ca re­
fu l experim ent. A w aitin g period
betw een tapping and p ou rin g not
on ly cools the steel to proper pour­
in g tem perature but also allow s any
slag that m a y h ave gotten into the
steel to rise and float on top o f the
m etal.)
5:40 p. m.— T em perature correct
fo r pouring and pou rin g started.
During the pouring o f the ingots
several test ingots w ere cast and
drillings sent to the la b ora tory fo r
analysis.
6:03 p. m.— P ourin g ended a fter
17 ingots, 1000 pounds each, had
been cast.
T im e elapsed w as 5% hours fro m
ch a rg in g to tapping.
H eat w as
tapped in 5 minutes, w ith 23 m in­
utes to pour.
T ota l m etallic ch arge w as 17,503
pounds, including the iron in the
ore and all fe rro a llo y s used, o f
w hich 97 per cent w as returned as
ingots. B alance o f m etal w as lost
in slags and ladle “ skull.”
Final analysis o f heat w as: C ar­
bon 0.109; m anganese 0.38; phos­
phorus 0.014; sulphur 0.011; silicon
0.42; chrom ium 18.95; nickel 8.91
per cent.
N
Septem ber 27, 1937
establishing of north-south poles across any discontinuities in
the metal. Such discontinuities, even though invisible to the
naked eye, are focal points of fatigue failure and ca n b e disco v e re d
in a few minutes b y this test w hich, although it is used frequently,
d oes not com pletely supplant ph otom icrograp h ic exam ination
57
C hoosing Drives fo r
V e n tila tin g Fans
ROBLEM o f ch oosin g between
belt or chain and direct-connected
m otor drives fo r ventilating and ex ­
haust fans is one which depends
upon the circum stances, operating
requirem ents and conditions.
T o a large extent, fans are indi­
vidually driven. In som e cases fans
can be connected to receive pow er
from the sam e source that drives
the group o f machines served, al­
though this is not general practice.
On w ood w ork in g and grinding or
polishing machines the p ow er re­
quired fo r the exhaust fan often is
greater than required fo r the m a­
chines. A s both fans and m achines
m ust operate together, a single large
m otor offers som e advantages in
econ om y in purchase, in operating at
better load factor, and in a single
m otor to inspect and maintain, as
com pared to tw o m otors.
Disadvantages are the extra ex ­
pense in providing spare equipm ent,
as such single m otors generally
w ould be considerably larger than
the other m otors required in the
plant, and probable increased shaft
diam eter because o f extra load.
P ractice in one plant is to belt
drives to fan s because the require­
m ents change and it is easier to
ch an ge a pulley, and m otor if neces­
sary, to provide fo r increased or de­
creased capacity requirem ents than
if the fan is direct-connected and p ro­
vided with a special m otor. Also,
belt or chain drives rem ove the m o ­
tor from the dirt in the inlet cu r­
rents to the fan o r farth er from the
heat, if connected to a furnace.
Standard speed alternating-current
m otors w ith spares in stock are
m ore easily used and changed if oth ­
er than direct-connected.
A nother
reason is that a direct-connected fan
is a unit and, if the installation is
dism antled or requirem ents change,
the unit m ay be kept in stock fo r
considerable tim e b efore another use
is found fo r a unit o f that particular
rating. A belt or chain driven fan
P
5S
rem oved fro m service can usually be
placed in operation under changed
conditions o r requirem ents b y ch ang­
ing the pulley or chain sprocket and
m otor.
Vary Fan Speed
Capacities o f duct system s are d if­
ficult to estim ate exactly and change
with incrustations because o f the re­
sistance to flow. Duct system s are
difficult to clean and a fter lon g use,
especially where oil vapors m ix with
the material handled, the pressure
m ust be increased to obtain the re­
quired volum e o f air.
Usually this change is best ob ­
tained b y v a ryin g the speed o f the
fan. In any change in speed, the
pressure delivered by a fan to a
fixed duct system varies directly as
the square o f the speed o f the fan,
while the horsepow er required varies
directly as the cube o f the speed.
T herefore, increases in pressure
and speed require a larger m otor;
with decreases in speed, w here the
size o f the system or demand is less­
ened, the m otor operates with less
pow er, or a sm aller m otor m ay be
installed if the change is permanent.
Cutoffs in exhaust ducts can take
care o f tem porary idleness o f a few
machines and decrease the pow er
consum ption.
Ball-Bearing Loose Pulleys
N STU D Y IN G friction loads m ost
consideration is given to lin eshaft
friction . Other losses, such as coun­
tershafts with tight and loose pul­
leys, are often ignored or considered
part o f the lineshaft loss. C hanging
to an tifriction bearings on the line­
sh a ft does not affect these other
losses.
In one plant a test indicated that
the lineshaft w ithout cou ntersh aft
load w as responsible fo r on ly 17 per
cent o f the total friction load and
83 per cent cam e fro m the counter­
shafts.
This w ould seem to indicate grea t­
er need o f antifriction bearings in
cou ntersh afts and loose pulleys.
I
L oose pulleys, because o f the d if­
ficulty in lubrication, are alw ays a
cause o f trouble. T o overcom e this,
the engineer o f the plant in which
these tests w ere made has a fixed
rule to install ball-bearing loose
pulleys on countershafts and m a ­
chine equipm ent as soon as the
loose pulley supplied by the m anu­
fa ctu rer begins to g ive trouble.
These pulleys are o f a type which
can be attached over a sligh tly w orn
shaft.
I f badly w orn the sh aft
should be replaced, because its
strength and resistance to bending
is affected.
On tight and loose pulley coun­
tershafts, the belt, when on the
loose pulley w hich is ordinarily
with little o r no crow n, often rides
ov er on the tight pulley fo r a fr a c ­
tion o f an inch, causing excessive
w ear on the edge o f the belt. This
p robably is responsible fo r som e o f
the pow er loss, too.
T o overcom e this over-riding ten­
den cy and also to decrease the belt
tension and load w hen the belt is on
the loose pulley, this plant en gi­
neer specifies that new loose pulleys
shall be sligh tly sm aller in diam ­
eter than the tight pulley and have
an angular shoulder or flange next
to the tight pulley so the belt will
clim b w hen shifted. T he loose pul­
ley also has an abnorm al crow n
to hold the loose belt central on the
pulley and prevent riding o ff on
the other side or against the flange.
This type o f loose pulley is not
new and often has been recom ­
mended, but is not w idely used b e­
cause o f the extra initial cost over
a standard pulley w ithout the flange
and crow n. H ow ever, this plant en ­
gineer believes the cost is m ore than
repaid in low er pow er consum ption
and decreased maintenance.
Substitute Lubricants
H E N E V E R a source o r grade
o f lubi'icant is changed, the
m aintenance
departm ent
should
know about it.
Som etim es, in the expectation o f
W
/TEEL
obtaining anothei' lubricant, “ ch eap­
er, but ju st as good ,” the purchasing
departm ent changes the source o f
oil or grease. I f the new lubricant
is the sam e, everyth in g goes on as
usual, but often not.
In one la rg e plant, a special highpriced oil w as used in a la rg e and
im portan t m otor-gen erator set. A
new oil w as purchased and stocked
w ith instructions to the storeroom
keeper not to say anything about
the ch an ge and “ they’ll never kn ow
the difference.”
O ver a w eekend soon a fterw a rd
the bearings w ere flushed out and
refilled with the new lubricant.
W h en started up, the inspector
checked the oil rings to see that
th ey w ere turning properly. Som e
hours later a bearin g w as reported to
be running h ot and the others to be
w arm er than usual. A s soon as the
electrician arrived he ordered the
unit shut down.
T he babbitt had started to m elt be­
fo r e the unit stopped but no dam age
w as done to the sh aft or windings.
A s a result, an im portant part o f the
plant w as out o f operation fo r sev­
era l hours w hile the bearin g w as
rebabbitted and a new supply o f oil
obtained.
T he
m aintenance
departm ent
“ never knew the d ifferen ce” until
too late, but the bearin g did.
It never pays to substitute m ain­
tenance supplies, especially lubri­
cants, w ithout the k n ow ledge and
ap proval o f the men w h o are to use
them . A lso, la b ora tory tests should
be m ade on the new supplies be­
fo r e use, to see that th ey are suit­
able. Shop and operation tests are
g en era lly expensive.
♦
♦
♦
Planning N e w Buildings
For Lineshaft Drives
N T H E planning and construction
o f n ew buildings o r fa cto ry addi­
tions, one point often n eglected is
p rovision fo r m ounting structures
on the ceiling. E ven if the m an­
agem en t does not plan lineshaft
drives, produ ction requirem ents or
products m ay ch ange and m ake
grou p drivin g desirable.
A lso, plants often have occasion
to attach overhead trolleys, hoists
on m on orail sections, con veyors, or
oth er equipm ent on the ceilin g fo r
handling m aterials in process. A t­
tach in g these to a solid con crete
ceiling is expensive and if they are
m oved it leaves an unsightly ap­
pearance. A s one plant engineer
explained, the ceilings in som e o f
his departm ents are like sieves.
T he cost o f installing insert plates
in the con crete w hen poured is less
than a fe w installations in solid
con crete, and the plates are alw ays
I
Septem ber 27, 1937
ready fo r any change or an addition.
In the use o f these ceilin g inserts,
the origin al p ractice w as to install
on 6-foot centers. A C hicago concern,
in an addition to its existin g plant
w hich incidentally had no provision
fo r ceilin g m ounting, has placed
inserts on 3-foot centers in the
entire addition, even in the section
used at present fo r offices.
P ro ­
vision fo r using the office space fo r
fa cto ry purposes is being follow ed
extensively. In case o f grow th the
office m ay be m oved and operated
separately m uch m ore easily than
a part o f the plant.
C loser spacin g has show n its ad­
van tage in the ease in installation
o f cou ntersh afts to the various m a­
chines as w ell as in m ounting the
lineshafts.
♦
♦
♦
Tem porary M o to r D rive
OR qu ick ly placing a spare line­
sh a ft m otor in service, in case
o f failu re fo r any reason, one plant
has a spare m otor m ounted on a
lift truck platform .
This m otor is provided with con ­
trol and leads fo r m aking a quick,
tem porary connection to a con ven ­
ient pow er source. In addition, the
lineshafts have an extra pulley
m ounted ov er the aisle.
In case o f m otor o r con trol fa il­
ure, the extra m otor is deposited on
the floor under the sh aft and a belt
with m etallic fasteners o f the hinge
and pin type placed over the pulley
and connected up. T he belt, which
is kept with the m otor, is tightened
b y m oving and block in g the skid
p latform . D uring this operation the
electrician connects up the leads and
the drive is ready to operate when
the belt on the idle m otor is re ­
m oved.
This change is made in m uch less
tim e than required to rem ove and
replace the m otor. H ow ever, n ot till
after the grou p drive is in operation
again is the original m otor in­
spected. I f the difficulty is o f a
m inor nature and the m otor can be
repaired while it is in position, the
repair is made and the belt replaced
at the next idle period. In m ost
cases, the m otor m ust be rem oved
and repaired in the shop or sent
out fo r rew inding. W h ere this is
n ecessary the tem porary drive co n ­
tinues in operation fo r a day o r tw o
until the repaired m otor is back in
place.
This extra m otor is used fo r run­
ning-in new o r rebuilt machines, o p ­
erating special m achines on tem ­
p orary setups and on other odd
tasks about the plant. This w ork
can be stopped at any tim e in an
em ergen cy and the m otor rem oved.
In this w ay the on ly extra expense
is the cost o f the pulleys, belt and
F
skid platform , above that o f a spare
m otor.
♦
♦
♦
T o keep repairs at a m inim um
presupposes a high class o f instal­
lation w ork backed up by intelli­
gent and rigid inspection.
♦
♦
♦
L im it sw itches are fo r em ergen ­
cies and should not be used regu ­
larly fo r stopping. Such use indi­
cates carelessness on the part o f
the operator. W ith excessive use
they m ay fa il when the em ergency
com es.
♦
♦
♦
H aving experienced riggers in the
electrical departm ent or borrow in g
them fr o m the m echanical depart­
m ent is a g ood sa fety practice when
changing m otors. Electricians ordi­
narily are n ot experienced in hand­
ling heavy w ork.
♦
♦
♦
F o r sa fety it is advisable to fa s­
ten belt sh ifters on shapers and
planers w hen ch angin g w ork on the
bed so the belt cannot w ork over
onto the tight pulley. H ow ever, if
a belt w ork s over regu larly, the
pulley, sh ifter o r belt should be
inspected and adjusted to prevent
accidents to the operator or dam ­
age to the m achine or work.
♦
♦
♦
An executive o f a concern sp e­
cializing in lubricants recently made
the prediction that “ in the fu tu re
it will be possible to avoid m uch
o f the w astage caused b y the pres­
ent frequ en t necessity o f draining
autom obile crankcases, speed re­
ducers and circulating system s, by
increasing the period at w hich this
is necessary b y at least three to
five tim es” . This w ill be a ccom ­
plished b y produ cin g oils o f still
greater stability w hich are not
seriou sly affected, decom posed or
broken dow n b y heat.
♦
♦
♦
P la cin g the point o f the splice lap
jo in t in a belt to avoid fr o m slip­
page is usually m ore im portan t than
p rotectin g it fro m open in g because
o f w indage.
♦
♦
♦
W hen designing short center belt
drives, use 140 degrees as m inim um
arc o f con tact on sm all pulley. In
such extrem e cases do not expect
the belt to d eliver its fu ll rated ca ­
p acity w ith a la rg er arc o f contact.
♦
♦
♦
T he success o f g ood transm ission
design to obtain lo n g life, satisfa c­
tory operation and freed om fr o m
stoppage o r excessive m aintenance,
lies, to a la rg e extent, in the exp eri­
ence and ju d gm en t o f the engineer
w ith fu ll k n ow ledge o f the operating
conditions and com plete data on the
pow er requirem ents.
61
W e ld e d H o using
Saves W e t M o to r
BY HENRY K. De VRIES
American Murex Corp., New York
URING the floods o f the Ohio
river in January 1937, when
a large part o f the property
occupied by the plants o f the A n ­
drews Steel Co., N ew port, Ky., was
flooded, a num ber o f pieces o f val­
uable m achinery w ere com pletely
subm erged. A m on g this equipm ent
was a 3000-horsepower electric m o­
tor that remained under w ater fo r
m ore than a week.
The m ethod used to dry out this
m otor, in order to fit it once m ore
fo r service, was not only unusual
but also proved to be highly effec­
tive. T he application o f any great
am ount o f heat was, o f course, out
o f the question because o f alm ost
certain in ju ry to the insulation of
D
trodes had been subm erged fo r at
least fourteen days, they not only
w orked well, but, a test o f the
welded housing show ed only one
sm all leak which was quickly plug­
ged.
W hen all w as ready, the tem pera­
ture inside the housing was brought
up to 150 degrees Fahr. and air was
pum ped out to establish a vacuum
o f 28 inches. This tem perature and
vacuum w ere m aintained fo r a p e­
riod o f three weeks, a fte r which
the housing w as rem oved and the
m otor was fou n d to be thoroughly
dried out.
C areful exam ination o f the welded
housing a fter this rig orou s test
show ed every inch o f w elding to
be in perfect condition.
T he w ork was done b y the A n ­
drews Steel Co. under the supervi­
sion o f A. R . M itchel, assistant
m aster
m echanic a n d
H erbert
Groehl, w elding superintendent.
Foundrym en W i l l H o ld
Conference in M isso u ri
T w en ty technical papers are sched­
uled on the p rogram fo r the regional
fou n d ry con feren ce to be held at the
M issouri School o f Mines and M etal­
lurgy, R olla, Mo., Oct. 8-9, un­
der sponsorship o f the Am erican
F oun drym en ’s association and its
St. L ouis Chapter. Sim ultaneous
sessions will be conducted F riday
m orn in g and afternoon and Satur­
day m orning.
Details o f the con feren ce arc as
fo llo w s:
F riday, Oct. 8
M ORNIN G
THv aISc uaullmwedelerldyceet drr icinh omus aostlvino argg ina cgt ead laargs ea
the m otor w indings. It was decided,
therefore, to construct an air tight
housing around the m otor and to
em ploy both heat and vacuum . In
this way, because o f the greatly
reduced boilin g point o f w ater un­
der vacuum , it w as possible actually
to boil out all m oisture fro m the
m otor at a tem perature low enough
to be p erfectly safe.
The welded steel casing, built
around the m otor and show n in the
accom pan yin g illustration, w as 12
feet lon g and 5 feet w ide w ith a
drum on each side to enclose the
shaft. M ade o f % -inch, low carbon
steel plate, rein forced with steel
bars and I-beam s, it w as com pletely
electric welded in place, using carbon-m olybdenum
steel
electrodes
which had been salvaged fr o m the
flood.
D espite the fa ct that these elec­
62
Sands
"Sand Control P rogram in the Foundry,”
by H. W. Dietert, H arry W. Dietert
Co., Detroit.
"Sand R eclam ation, Sand Conditioning
and Sand Control,” by L. B. K night
Jr., N ational Engineering Co., Chicago.
"S ources o f M olding Sand fo r Foundries
in M issouri,” by Dr. H. A. Bushier,
state geologist, Missouri School o f
Mines, Rolla, Mo.
"R elation Between M olding Sands and
Casting D efects,” by C. F. Bunting,
Southern M alleable Iron Co., East St.
Louis, 111.
R efractories
"L ining o f R eservations and Ladles Suit­
able for Soda-A sh Treatm ent,” by J. J.
Offutt, A. P. Green Fire Brick Co.,
M exico, Mo.
"B onds and G routs,” by L. C. Hewitt,
Laclede-C hristv Clay Products Co.,
St. Louis.
"L inings for Annealing Ovens and Nonferrous Metal Furnaces,” by G. D.
Cobough,
H arbison-W alker
R e fra c­
tories Co., St. Louis.
"C upola Linings,” by Jam es Crawford,
W alsh R efra ctories Co., St. Louis.
AFTERN OON
M etallography
"M etallography o f Cast Iron ,” by S. R. B.
Cooke, M issouri School o f Mines and
M etallurgy, R olla, Mo.; S. C. M assarl,
A ssociation
of
M anufacturers
of
Chilled Car W heels, C h icago; and
B. A. Yates, M cQ uay-N orris M fg. Co.,
St. Louis.
"M icrostructure in Cast Iron,” by J. J.
Plcco.
N onferrous
“ N onferrous M etals and A lloys," by
A. Fritschle, Federated M etals D ivi­
sion, Am erican Sm elting & R ellning
Co., St. Louis.
"Insulation, Operation and M aintenance
o f N onferrous Metal Furnaces,” by
P. J. Myall, Fisher Furnace Co., Chi­
cago, 111.
"U se o f P lastic Bronzes in Modern
Bearing Applications,” by Claude C.
M organ, Bronzoid Corp., D allas, Tex.
E v e n in g
Dinner. Speaker; H. Bornstein, director
o f laboratories, Deere & Co., Moline,
111., and president, Am erican F ou n d ry­
men’ s association.
S a tu r d a y , O ct. 9
M ORNIN G
Gray Irons and A lloys
“ Requirem ents o f a Good Base Iron for
A lloyin g,” by D. B. Roeder, E lectro
M etallurgical Sales Corp., Chicago.
"C hanges in Cupola Technique Required
T o Meet Special M elting R equire­
m ents,” by V. A. Crosby, Clim ax
M olybdenum Co., D etroit.
"Som e Practical A pplications o f A lloys
in Gray Iron ," by Carl Morken, Carondelet Foundry Co., St. Louis.
Steel Foundry
“ R eview o f Current O pen-H earth P ra c­
tices,” by John W. Porter, Am erican
Steel Foundries, Granite City, III.
“ Electric Furnace in Steel Casting In ­
dustry," by L. F. Barthollc, St. Louis
Steel Casting Co., St. Louis.
“ Som e F actors in A lloyin g o f Steel C ast­
ings,” by T. N. A rm strong, In tern a­
tional Nickel Co., New York.
“ Im portance o f M aintenance to Foundry
O perations," by Carter Bliss, Scullin
Steel Co., St. Louis.
O ffe rs Protective C lothing
P rotective clothing fo r welders
has been added to the line o f safety
equipm ent m anufactured by D avis
E m ergen cy E quipm ent Co., 55 Van
D am street, N ew York.
F o r acetylene welders the line o f
clothin g com prises g og g les, sleeves,
aprons, leggings, spats and gloves,
and fo r arc w elders: helmets, hand
shields,
sleeves,
aprons,
coats,
pants, leggings, spats and gloves.
T he goggles, helm ets, and hand
shields are equipped with glasses
o f various shades, each suitable fo r
a special type o f w ork. T here are
five different shades o f goggles,
ran gin g in use fr o m light brazing
to heavy welding. T here are three
shades o f glasses fo r helm ets and
hand shields— fo r light and heavy
m etallic electrode w ork and fo r car­
bon arc w ork respectively.
Clothing is m ade o f either fire­
p ro o f duck, asbestos, o r ' ch rom e
leather, the latter being considered
su perior because it rem ains soft
under heat and is m ore durable.
The garm ents are designed to g iv e
the w ork er m axim um ease w h ile
w orking. A rc welder garm ents p ro­
tect the body from the effects o f
ultra-violet light as w ell as from
heat and sparks.
/ TEEL
Analytical
control
QUALITY
in
the
Timken
chemical
CONTROL
laboratory.
FOR
The high q u a lity o f T IM K E N A llo y
QUANTITY
P R O D U C T IO N
com e q u a n tity p ro d u c tio n ra re ly
Steel is re p ro d u c e d fro m d a y to
e q ua lled b y a steel m a n u fa c tu r­
d a y as a m a tte r o f re g u la r ro u ­
er. Y ou are assured o f re c e iv ­
tin e in th e Tim ken la b o ra to rie s .
ing
Every h e a t o f steel th a t passes
w h e th e r y o u r
a c lo s e ly
c o n tr o lle d
in s p e c tio n m u s t m e e t th e cus­
la rg e o r small.
steel
re q u ire m e n ts
are
Tim ken te c h n ic a l
to m e r's m o st r ig id s p e c ific a tio n s
men w ill be pleased to
f o r c h e m ica l analysis and physi­
your
cal s tru c tu re . O u t o f th e
con venie nce. M a y we hear fro m
tin e o f this q u a lity
T I M K E N
THE
TIMKEN
ro u ­
c o n tro l has
S T E E L
ROLLER
A N D
BEARING
q u a lity
p ro b le m s
discuss
at
your
you?
T U B E
COMPANY,
D I V I S I O N
CANTON,
O H IO
8 B u d d -b u ili Z ephyrs
a re n o w r o llin g on
TIM KEN Bearings.
Glide — a s yo u ride a
Tim ken-equipped Tram
Manufacturers of Tim ken T a p e r e d
R o l l e r B e a r i n g s for
a u t o m o b i l e s , m o t o r trucks, r ai l ro ad ca rs a n d l o c o m o t i v e s a n d
al l k i n d s o f i n d u s t r i a l m a c h i n e r y ; T i m k e n A l l o y S t e e l s a n d
C a r b o n a n d A l l o y S e a m l e s s T u b i n g ; T i m k e n R o c k Bits; a n d
T i mk en Fuel I n j e ct i on E q u i p m e n t .
A LLO Y
Septem ber 27, 1937
S TE E LS
63
Pipe Cutter—
Landis M achine Co., W aynesboro,
Pa., has recently placed on the m ar­
ket a sem iautom atic, roller pipe
cutter m anufactured by Geist M fg.
Co. This m achine relieves the o p ­
erator o f all duties other than feed ­
ing the pipe. Operation o f rollers
is by cam action. Both hand lever
and fo o t pedal have been eliminated.
M ovem ent o f the rollers in a ver­
tical plane is actuated by a geardriven disk cam. Separate cams are
necessary fo r standard wall and
extra heavy pipe. Operating cycle
o f- the new unit is controlled
through the m edium o f pick-off
gears. The gear train is arranged
so that by reversing one pair o f
gears, or em ploying an extra pair
furnished as standard equipment,
fou r different speeds are available.
Speeds are fixed so it is possible to
cut o ff fro m 10 to 35 nipples per
m inute depending on the pipe diam ­
eter. Pipe support is in the form
o f a trou gh 10 feet lon g and lined
with m etal strips to reduce friction.
T hese strips form a bearing on
which the pipe rotates, and perm it
m ore rapid advancem ent o f the pipe
after the cut-off operation.
The
new Geist m achine is equipped
throughout with antifriction bear­
ings, a heavy duty roller bearing
being used on the cutter disk spin­
dle to assum e the thrust load o f a
heavy cut. A high pressure greas­
ing system is used fo r positive lu­
M ercury b u r d c ncarryin g truck has
a 72-inch long plat­
form
brication.
F or
lubrication
and
cleaning o f the cutter disk is a builtin lubricator com prising a one pint
oil reservoir and a needle valve in
constant contact with the cutter
disk under spring tension.
♦
♦
♦
B urden C arryin g T ru ck —
M ercury M fg. Co., 4118 South
Halsted street, Chicago, has com ­
pleted design and construction o f
a new low platform burden ca rry­
ing truck w hich it has designated as
M odel A-1015-1. This new m achine
has a capacity o f 4000 pounds and a
load p la tform 72 inches long, 41
inches wide and 11 inches high. A
sim ilar truck o f 6000 pounds capa­
city is included in the new line.
F ram e design includes sm ooth ex­
terior and adequate protection to
battery com partm ent and operating
controls. A ssem bly o f fram e is by
Geist roller pipe
cutter is sem iauto­
m atic and operator
only feeds pipe
64
electric arc welding. The drive axle
is o f double reduction spiral bevel
and spur gear type w ith external
con tracting type brake mechanism .
D rive w heels are solid rubber tired,
size 20 x 5, and trailing w heels be­
neath the load p la tform are also
solid rubber tired, size 10 % x 5.
The truck is o f 4-wheel steer type,
with steering con trol o f the horizon­
tal lever o r tiller bar type. I f de­
sired, vertical lever o r w heel type
steering m echanism can be fu r ­
nished. T ravel con trol is M ercury
snap action m echanical con tactor
type providing three speeds in either
direction.
♦
♦
♦
C on veyor W h eels—
M athews C onveyer Co., E llw ood
City, Pa., has developed a new anti­
friction product in the form o f ru b­
ber-tired con veyor wheels.
Two
types are available, identical in de­
sign but differing in w eight and
size. W hen m ounted in light fram es
the w heels becom e efficient con vey­
ing surfaces fo r shingles, steel
sheets, glass o r fra g ile objects
which m ust be protected fro m ja r­
ring or scratching. T he sections are
available straight or in any p rac­
tical degree o f curvature, with de­
tachable o r fixed couplings where
portable or stationary con veyor sec­
tions are used. W heels them selves
can be applied as casters fo r cab­
inets, hand trucks, o r are practical
fo r m any uses where a free-run­
ning, rubber-tired wheel is required.
O f pressed steel construction, the
/TEEL
TWELVE WAYS
THE / T E E L
^
REPRESEN TATIVE
CAN HELP YOU:
• Just as in navigating a storm y sea, all available guides to skill
1.
T o sense and evaluate significant trends.
should be em ployed.
2.
T o determ ine m arket potentials.
3.
T o suggest produ ct or package changes.
4.
To
5.
T o help plan sales and advertising .strategy.
B ut although reliable business papers possess
a special know ledge o f the m arkets they serve, m any advertisers
overlook this trustw orthy source o f guidance.
help you select and reach you r prim e prospects*
B y “ reliable” we mean the A . B. P. sort o f publications that
em p loy highly trained editors w hose sole obligation is to glean and
interpret im portan t events, to advance practical ideas, to render
G.
T o aid in im provin g sales and distributive setup.
tangible help to readers w ho want it enough to pay for it . . . the
7.
T o help you see you r business as business sees it.
8.
T o scan co p y for trade jargon.
kind that devote themselves so diligently to the subscribers’ interests
that they can truthfully offer advertisers “ packaged influence”
9.T o suggest new products, or new m arkets for old products*
reaching a “ con ditioned” audience.
10.
T o suggest ways to make sales p rom otion m ore effective*
and in their files, a specialized know ledge that can help you steer
11.
T o help devise practical m erchandising material.
a true course to advertising econ om y and m axim um sales results.
12.
T o poin t ou t specific sales opportunities.
M en w ho represent A . B . P . publications h ave under their hats,
T h e y are m ore than “ space peddlers” .
T h e y 'd rather hear about
your sales problem s than extol the virtues o f their publications, for
only then con they be o f genuine help, w hether the solution indicates
their own papers or n ot.
A n d you can be sure that th ey will respect
UDlT
UREAU
[RCULATIÿfiS
your confidence.
N e x t tim e y o u see a S T E E L man, toss him a few questions that
bear upon you r m arket ob jectives.
I f he ca n ’ t m ake a helpful
suggestion based on his own experience in his pu blication's field,
BEARS T H E
TWIN HALL-MARKS
Im p artial m easurem ent
of reader interest
in term s of paid
circulation
OF
KNO WN
VALUE
M lljr
' '
A uthentic facts
relating to
editorial scope and
readership analysis
the chances are excellent that one o f his editors can.
»
»
»
»
CLEVELAND
Septem ber 27, 1937
65-
M athews con veyer sections with
rubber-tired w heels are available
straight or curved
wheels have hardened steel inner
and outer braces. The 70-RT wheel,
which has a 2 % -inch outside diam ­
eter,
incorporates
ten 3/16-inch
hardened steel balls and has a rated
capacity o f 20 pounds. T he type
84-RT wheel has a 3 % -inch outside
diam eter, eleven 5/16-inch hardened
steel balls, and a rated capacity o f
50 pounds. T he rubber tires are
steam ed into place, contract upon
drying, and fix them selves solidly
on the wheels.
♦
♦
♦
Gear Finishing Machine—
Gleason W orks, R ochester, N. Y.,
is m an u factu rin g the N o. 22 single
cycle, F orm ate gear finishing m a­
chine fo r finish cutting spiral bevel
and hypoid ring gears. The gear is
previously rou gh cut, then trans­
ferred to this m achine fo r finish
cutting. Cutter and gear rem ain in
norm al, full-depth operating p osi­
tion during the entire m achine
cycle. P rovision is made fo r index­
ing b y a gap in the cutter w hich
follow s after the second series o f
blades.
W hen this gap m oves
abreast o f the blank, the latter is
indexed. C utter rotates at a uni­
form speed and when cutter revolu ­
tions equal the num ber o f teeth in
the gear, the gea r is finished. Be­
cause o f the light finishing cuts
taken by each blade, cutter life is
greatly extended.
A ccurate tooth
spacin g claim ed fo r this finishing
process is said to be a result o f rigid
construction o f the m achine, light
cuts taken by each blade, the hard­
ened and ground dividing plate
m ounted directly on the w ork spin­
dle, and the fa ct .that the sam e tw o
blades finish each tooth space. R i­
gidity has been obtained by the use
o f the overhead tie, heavy sections
o f ribbed castings and b y the h y­
draulic clam ping o f the w ork head.
W hile the cut is taking place, the
only m ovem ent is the rotation o f
the cutter spindle w hich is m ount­
ed on preloaded anti-friction bear­
ings. A ll other bearing and guide
su rfaces o f the m achine are securely
fastened in place. C hucking and dech ucking operations are facilitated
by p ow er chucking and stripping
m echanism built into the w ork spin­
dle and controlled by a conveniently
located lever. The chucking arbor
centers on the outside diam eter of
the w o rk spindle fo r additional r i­
gidity.
♦
♦
♦
Hannifin press w as designed fo r
straightening operations on heavy
crankshafts
Straightening Press—
Hannifin M fg. Co., 621 South K ol­
m ar avenue, Chicago, has ju st com ­
pleted a 35-ton sensitive straighten­
ing press especially designed fo r
straightening operations on heavy
crankshafts. This press has H an­
nifin sin gle lever sensitive p rop or­
tional control. T he ram m ovem ent
is com pletely controlled b y the one
lever. W hen this control lever is
m oved in either direction the ram
will m ove a proportional distance
under fu ll pressure and then stop.
The operating valve autom atically
m oves to neutral, and the pum p
idles at zero pressure until another
m ovem ent o f the ram is required.
This con trol m ethod is said to con ­
tribute to rapid and accurate han­
dling o f straightening operations.
An individual hydraulic p ow er unit
is built into the base o f the press,
and the table is equipped with spe­
cial fixtures, including an a d ju st­
able carriage which rolls on ball
bearing m ountings on the hardened
rails o f the table. Supports on this
carriage are hardened wheels, and
the supports are provided with
spring pads. This construction is
claim ed to sim p lify m ovem ent o f
G leason m achine is fo r
finish cutting spiral bevel
and hypoid rin g gears
the crankshafts straightened. The
fram e, base, reservoir, and the box
type table o f this press are entire­
ly o f welded construction. Capac­
ity is 35 tons and stroke is 6 inches;
ram speeds, dow n 53 inches per m in­
ute, up 77 inches per minute. Table
to ram up is 20 inches, floor to table
28 inches, and center o f ram to face
o f fram e is 9 inches. Table is 90
inches long. M otor required is 10
horsepow er.
♦
♦
♦
Constant Level Oiler—
T rico Fuse M fg. Co., M ilwaukee,
has announced a new line o f con ­
stant level oilers. Know n as Levo-
L evom atic oilers m ain­
tain accurate oil levels
m atic oilers, these new units are
io r m aintaining an accurate level of
oil in ring and ball bearings o f
m otors, line shafts, pum ps, and
other m achinery h aving oil wells.
A s oil is consum ed in the bearing
cham ber it is autom atically replaced
with fresh oil fro m the reservoir.
T he oiler has no delicate parts
which m ight get out o f order, and
no attention, except fo r refilling, is
required a fter installation. Clear
glass reservoir is screw ed to solid
bronze cadm ium -plated fittings and
is easily rem ovable fo r refilling.
♦
♦
♦
Diesel Engine Control—
Fulton Sylphon Co., K noxville,
Tenn., has recently placed on the
66
/TEEL
Diesel engine sa fety control is a
non-electric, self-operated unit
m arket the Sylphon N o. 530 diesel
engine sa fety control, a non-elec­
tric, self-operated unit. This con ­
trol was designed to provide p osi­
tive engine protection against high
ja ck et w ater tem perature and low
lubricating oil pressure. Should
water tem perature g o above or lu­
bricating oil pressure g o below the
sa fe point, the fu el oil su pply to the
engine is im m ediately shut o ff and
the engine stopped. A higher fa c­
tor o f safety is claim ed fo r this
con trol because it is self-operated.
Should oil pressure con trol or
therm ostat becom e inoperative on
account o f accidental injury, the
engine will be stopped. T here are
no stuffing boxes in the assem bly
o f this unit; Sylphon Bellow s con ­
stru ction is used throughout. Vi­
bration p roof, it is ru gged ly built.
A n external lever is provided fo r
m anual operation o f con trol in
stai’ting, and lever m ay be operated
rem otely. A t option o f purchasers,
a sw itch can be incorporated in the
case to close electrical contacts
when con trol operates. This switch
m ay be connected to audible or vis­
ible alarm system . A dditional fea ­
tures include adjustable tripping
point on tem perature and pressure
range, provision fo r sealing instru­
m ent against tam pering, and ex ­
posed lever giving visual indication
that control has operated.
Dry Vacuum Pumps—
W orth in gton P um p & M achinery
Corp., Harrison, N. J., is m an u fac­
turing an im proved line o f singlestage and tw o-stage horizontal dry
vacuum pum ps fo r handling air and
vapors not liquified in the condenser,
fo r pulling a vacuum in any closed
S eptem ber 27, 1937
system in the chem ical and process
industries and fo r which high v o l­
um etric efficiencies are claimed.
M inim um clearances, necessary be­
cause o f the direct relation to v o l­
u m etric efficiency, are maintained
by the design o f close-grained, sem i­
steel vacuum cylinders. Other fea ­
tures include large cylinder passages
and large valve areas w hich reduce
losses, and head and cylinder water
jack ets provided with hand holes fo r
easy cleaning. Each o f the special
feather valves consists o f three es­
sential parts: the valve strips, seat
and guard. The strips, not held
rigidly at any point but restrained
from lateral m ovem ent by recesses
in the curved guard, are the only
m oving parts. Steel inserts across
the ends o f the guard m illing as­
sure com plete freed om o f m ov e­
ment fo r the strips. T he double-row
tapered-roller-type main bearings
are mounted in assem blies, rigidly
bolted to the side o f the main fram e
and held in alignm ent b y centering
rings. Provision has been m ade fo r
adjustm ent. A dditional details in­
clude light-weight cast-iron pistons,
a fram e o f m assive construction,
and tw o counterbalances fitted on
an open-hearth steel crankshaft. The
entire pum p is com pletely and au­
tom atically lubricated. A gage glass
provides visible indication o f the
depth o f oil in the crankcase. These
single-stage and tw o-stage units are
both built in eight sizes. T he form er
have piston displacem ents o f 250 to
2,832 cubic feet per minute, and the
latter o f 138 to 1,425. Single-stage
units are em ployed fo r a vacuum o f
28 inches or less, and tw o-stage units
when a higher vacuum is desired.
♦
♦
♦
Knuckle-Action Vise—
Knu-Vise Products Co., 6432 Cass
avenue, D etroit, has announced its
m odel N o. 325, knuckle action vise
suitable fo r drilling, ream ing, tap­
ping, countersinking, o r num erous
other operations that require the
rapid insertion and w ithdraw al o f
pi'oduction pieces. M ovem ent o f the
handle is on ly through 30 degrees,
while the ja w s open %-inch, enough
fo r m ost job s. V ise can be used as
a basic m echanism and with bush­
ing plate and angle support bracket
M ovem ent o f this vise handle
through on ly 30 degrees
is
that are available becom es an effi­
cient drill jig . W ork is held rigidly,
is easy to load and unload, is al­
w ays in plain sight o f the operator
and there is am ple chip room .
♦
♦
♦
Crank Header—
W aterbu ry F arrel F oundry & M a­
chine Co., W aterbury, Conn., has re­
cently redesigned its standard line
o f solid die, double stroke, crank
headers to m eet the demands for
cold heading high carbon alloy steels
at high speeds. T hese changes in­
clude the use o f a new fram e of
extra large cross-sectional area and
a cut-off m echanism o f im proved
and sturdier construction. The cu t­
o ff bar is large in diam eter and op ­
erates through the fram e at right
angles to the wire, with its inner
end supported in such a w ay that
the kn ife is held flush with the face
o f the die, thus assuring a clean
shear. T he hinged fiddle b ow fo r ­
m erly used to hold the blank in the
cut-off kn ife has been replaced by
a sprin g finger fastened to the knife.
This construction also perm its the
m ore effective guarding o f m oving
parts as a protection fo r the opera­
tor. T here are seven standard sizes
ran gin g fro m the Vi-inch m achine,
rated at 100 to 125 blanks per m in­
ute, to the l ’/4-inch m achine at 35
per minute.
One o f the most
m assive cold head­
ers, t h i s
unit
w eigh s over 66 tons
67
Finish Sells M o to rc y c le s
nickel and chrom ium deposits under
severe ou tdoor exposure conditions.
Jn C om petitive M a rk e t
M otorcycle rim s are a g ood case
in point. These rim s present a som e­
what difficult polishing problem
since the metal is raised inside the
rim at the spoke holes. It is neces­
sary to polish carefu lly between
these holes and this operation re ­
quires the use o f com paratively
sm all wheels. In general stitched
muslin wheels 8 inches in diameter,
fro m 1 to 2% inches wide, are used.
These w heels operate at a spindle
speed o f 1800 revolutions per minute.
P olishing sequence is as follow s:
F irst the rim s are polished dry using
( Concluded, fro m P a g e 52)
largely upon the nature o f this w ork
and the m arket in which it is sold.
L arge production runs o f co m ­
paratively sim ple parts can be
handled in autom atic m achinery but
in the m otorcycle industry both the
nature o f the parts and the fa ct that
produ ction runs are sh ort eliminate
this m ethod o f su rface preparation.
Further, the polishing operations
m ust be p erform ed with great care
to insure adherence o f subsequent
N o. 120 alundum. This is follow ed
b y a greasin g operation using No.
180 alundum a fter which the rim s
are given a tam pico brushing using
N o. 180 em ery cake. This sequence
results in a high finish over which
copper, nickel and chrom ium plate
is deposited. N ickel plate is buffed
with loose m uslin w heels and white
com pound.
Chrom ium
plate
is
buffed with chrom e rouge.
M otorcycle handlebars m ust be
highly polished b efore plating. The
handle bars are steel tubing bent
to shape and inserted and welded
into a drop fo rg e d center connection
w hich m ust be polished as a unit.
T he polishing cycle is the sam e as
fo r wheel rim s except that a stitched
canvas wheel is used. P lating and
buffing is accom plished exactly as
in the case o f w heel rim s. T he sam e
procedures are used with little or no
variation fo r all other plated parts.
T he resulting overall m otorcycle
finish is thus not on ly a definite fa c ­
tor in sales appeal but is also a
durable protecting m edium against
weather. It will stand up under
m uch abuse in service and if
properly cared fo r w ill be a credit
to the ow ner fo r a lon g period of
time.
N e w O p a q u e Porcelain
C over Coat D eve lo p e d
PRECISION to less than .001 inch
• Horsburgh & Scott Worms are ground within an accuracy
of .00 1 " in lead, indexing and contour . . . a precision in
manufacturing that insures higher efficiency, longer life and
quieter operation. To obtain these exceedingly close limits,
this company developed its own exclusive grinding machines.
These machines plus precision inspection fixtures are your
guarantee of the finest worms and gears possible.
A 448 page catalog is yours without obligation.
THE HORSBURGH & SCOTT CO.
GEARS
5112
68
H AM ILTO N
AND
SPEED
AVENUE,
REDUCERS
CLEVELAND,
OHIO,
U. S. A.
R ecognizing the need fo r a better
super opaque frit required in one
coat enam eling, P orcelain E nam el
6 M fg. Co., Baltim ore, has developed
a radically different single glass
super opaque sheet iron cov er coat
w hich is said to o ffe r qualities never
b efore found in a super opaque frit.
The new frit, designated as No.
2117, has been su bjected to exhaus­
tive tests in all types o f enam eling
plants. Used w ithout blending with
other enamels, the new cover coat
is said to have show n h igh tear re­
sistance and opacity. It is claim ed
that in no case w as there any
tendency to curl, sa g or slide.
L aboratory tests show ed 76.5 per
cent reflectance at 65 gram s with
7 per cent clay and no opacifier. An
addition o f 4 per cent tin oxide will
increase reflectance 2% per cent.
W arping is reduced to a m inim um
because the frit can be fired at com ­
paratively low tem peratures.
This frit should find a definite
place in the enam eling industry fo r
one coat porcelain enam el in m er­
chandise in the low est price brackets,
according to the m anufacturer.
Lacquers M o ld e d Plastics
D ifficulties encountered in obtain­
ing u niform co lor in natui’al m olded
plastics has led to the use o f a fine
w rinkle lacquer in cases where
translucence is not a factor.
/ TEEL
¡ RECENT PUBLIC/ETIONS OF MANUFACTURERS
Copies o f an y o f the literature listed below m ay
be obtained by writing- directly to the com panies
involved, or by addressing STEE L, in care o f
R eaders’ Service Departm ent, 1213 W est Third
Street, Cleveland
Industrial Pipe — A m erican R o ll­
ing Mill Co., M iddletown, O., has
issued a 44-page, spiral bound b ook ­
let dealing with A rm co spiral welded
6 to 36-inch pipe fo r industrial uses.
M ortar — T ruscon Laboratories,
D etroit, has printed a fold er on
M ortite, a w aterp roof, non-shrink­
ing m ortar, picturing and describ­
ing the building defects it prevents.
A lum inum Ladders — A lum inum
L adder Co., Tarentum , Pa., describes
its line o f m odern, lightw eight lad­
ders in C atalog N o. 2. Specifications
are given fo r single wall, extension,
roof, folding, and step ladders.
arc welder, No. 12S5A on the tracktype lim it sw itch, N o. 2443A on
three-shoe
direct-current
m agnet
brake, No. 1745A on w inder drives,
N o. 1771A on type TSA-10 tim e
sw itches, No. 1195B on synchronous
m otors fo r m etal-rolling mills, and
N o. 1569A on T hru stor operated
valves.
M aintenance— M artindale E lectric
Co., B ox 617, E dgew ater branch,
Cleveland, has issued a 40-page
catalog o f electrical and m echanical
maintenance equipm ent. T he new
booklet includes sections on com m u ­
tator, m otor, electrical and m echani­
cal m aintenance, and a section on
safety-first equipment.
STÄRRETT DIAL INDICATORS
FOR EVERY R E Q U I R E M E N T
C ontrol V alves — Bristol Co., W aterbury, Conn., describes its line o f
S ynch ro D iaphragm con trol valves
in bulletin N o. 461. Data on sizes,
dim ensions and valve m etals are in ­
cluded.
S h aftin g— La
Salle Steel
Co.,
P alm olive building, Chicago, has
published a new sh afting booklet
that lists the different sh aft appli­
cations, g ivin g the kind o f steel
m ost suitable in each case.
A ir C onditioning— C arrier Corp.,
N ew ark, N. J., has published a
fold er dealing with air conditioning
w ithout refrigeration equipm ent and
which describes a floor m odel and a
ceiling m odel “ w eatherm aker” using
w ater as a coolin g medium .
L ubricating E q u i p m e n t— Gits
B rothers M fg. Co., Chicago, has re­
leased a catalog listing and illustrat­
ing over 1000 styles and sizes o f oil
cups, oil and grease seals, oil cans,
g ages and other lubricating equip­
ment.
A nti-V ibration P roducts— K orfund
Co., 48 T hirty-second place, L on g Is ­
land City, N. Y., has published a new
bulletin on the elim ination o f vibra­
tion losses in which are pictured and
described
K orfun d
anti-vibration
products and their applications.
P lant M anagem ent— H art A . Latshaw Inc., 33 R ector street, N ew
Y ork, has issued a book let entitled
“ Ironing Out Y ou r P roblem s” that
deals with industrial m anagem ent
and
financing,
liquidations,
en­
gineering,
appraisals, purchasing
and sales.
E lectrical E quipm ent — General
E lectric Co., Schenectady, N. Y., has
issued the follow in g new GEA
literature: N o. 2447C on the M utator
Septem ber 27, 1937
T H E L. S. S T A R R E T T C O . , A T H O L , M A S S . , U . S . A .
W orld's Greatest Toolmakers— Manufacturers o f Hacksaws Unexcelled— Steel Tapes, Standard for Accuracy
D ia l Indicators for Every Requirement
M o d e rn H a n d lin g Shows
Results in Fo rging Plant
( Concluded fro m P a g e 48)
ness o f the m anagem ent’s "g ood
housekeeping” policy to note that
even maintenance w ork such as re­
roofing
furnaces
and
repairing
presses and ham m ers requires all
m aterials to be carried and to re­
main in tote boxes while the w ork
is being done. Coal brou ght into
the pow er plant is dumped into an
underground storage bin and con ­
veyed directly into the furnace from
there.
S torage o f die blocks is provided
in a special building with racks built
fo r the purpose. One o f the elec­
tric lift trucks is provided with a
roller bed and crane fo r handling
dies, while tw o o f the ham m er
shops are provided with m onorails
and the third w ith an overhead
crane fo r handling the dies. A threeton overhead serves the well lighted
die department.
Elim ination
o f back breaking
labor by efficient handling m ethods
has not only reduced considerably
the man hours form erly required;
it has, together with excellent light­
in g and heating facilities, made
labor m ore productive and brou ght
unexpected dividends fro m that se c­
tor.
Calibrate Testing M a chines
In N e w Research Paper
N ew Book Describes Brown
D epartm ent o f com m erce, na­
tional bureau o f standards, has is­
sued research paper RP1009 en­
titled “ Calibration o f T esting M a­
chines Under D ynam ic L oadin g,”
written by B ruce W ilson and Carl
Johnson.
The errors o f the indicated loads
o f testing m achines used to detei'mine the m echanical properties
o f engineering m aterials are usu­
ally deferm ined fo r static loads.
Testing machines are often used to
load
specim ens
continuously to
failu re at a given rate o f loading.
The additional errors, due to rate
o f loading, o f six testing machines
com prising fo u r types w idely used
Firth Laboratories
Round Strand
•
Flattened Strand
"P. F. S."
'•
Non-Rotating
Preformed
•’
Steel Clad
Locked Coil
R egu lar Lay
' •
Lang's Lay
Hemp Center
W ire Rope Center
M etallic Core
•
S e a le - F ille r Wire
Warrington
70
in this cou ntry w ere determ ined by
means o f a special elastic calibrating
device fo r rates o f loading up to
50,000 pounds per minute.
T he additional errors in the in ­
dicated loads o f these m achines,
due to rate o f loading, at rates cu r­
rently used in testing, in several
cases exceeded the tolerances speci­
fied fo r such testing machines.
T hese errors, therefore, in general
cannot be
neglected
w hen
de­
term ining the rates o f loading to
be used in m aterials testing.
Results o f these tests, although
they cannot be used to correct the
indicated loads o f other testing m a­
chines o f the sam e types, because
o f small inherent differences in the
weighing system s and slight d if­
ferences o f adjustm ent, are useful
in that they indicate the m agnitude
be used in testing o f actual m aterials.
A profu sely illustrated, 72-page
book describing their com p lete fa cil­
ities has been published b y the
B row n-F irth R esearch L aboratories,
Sheffield, E ngland. T hese labora­
tories are am on g the m ost com p lete­
ly equipped o f their kind in the
w orld. T hey are operated under the
direction o f Dr. W . H. H atfield in
conjunction with the activities o f
John B row n & Co Ltd., Thos. F irth
& John B row n Ltd., Firth-V ickers
Stainless Steels Ltd. and Firth-Derihon Stam pings Ltd. T he b ook de
scribes in detail the various fa cili­
ties o f these laboratories and con
tains a com plete list o f all books
and other publications in this institu­
tion’s library.
N e w O il-F ille d M e rc u ry
Switches N o n -E x p lo s iv e
D urakool Inc., Elkhart, Ind., now
is m aking D u rak ool m e r c u r y
sw itches in capacities up to 200 am ­
peres. T hey can be m ade fo r and
w ill operate, how ever, under loads
o f any capacity n ow com m ercially
required. Built with a m etallic en­
velop
o f great strength, these
sw itches are extrem ely ru gged. In
addition, they are filled w ith a non­
explosive oily liquid. F o r these rea­
sons, and because o f the non sp ark ­
ing character o f this type o f sw itch
they are being used, in addition to
all other sw itching applications, in
explosive atm ospheres and under
hot oil.
Due to design o f these
sw itches and the use o f a special
high m eniscus m ercu ry they operate
fast, in all cases by a m otion o f
less than 4 degrees and, w hen de­
sired, b y a m otion o f less than 1 de­
gree.
/TEEL
Steel M arket Adjusts to Slower Trade Tempo
Scrap Drops Fast;
M A R K E T IN TABLO ID
A u to O u tp u t L o w ;
Some G o o d Buying
DEM AND
.
m oderately,
tive orders.
aw aiting
P R IC E S
.
.
.
.
.
In crea sin g
.
autom o­
Steady,
scrap declines fu rth er.
E L L su stained p ro d u ctio n o v e r m a n y w eeks
du rin g w h ich b u y in g has been at a rela tiv ely
low ra te h a s b ro u g h t steelm a k ers su fficien tly
c lo se to th e end o f b a ck lo g s to in dicate a sh orten in g o f
a ctiv ity to m a tch in com in g business.
W
A lth o u g h the ra te o f b u y in g sh ow s an in crease fr o m
the low p oin t o f m id su m m er it h as n o t g row n su ffi­
cien tly to m a tch sh ip m en ts and som e cu rta ilm en t o f
p rod u ction is n ecessa ry to m eet cu rren t con d ition s.
T h is situ a tion is view ed w ith eq u a n im ity b y steel­
m akers, as, in spite o f n ot eq u a lin g ea rlier e x p e cta ­
tions, th e in d u stry is p ro d u cin g at a h ig h and rea son ­
a b ly profitable rate.
W e ll in fo rm e d e x p e cta tio n is
th at f o r th e rem ain d er o f the yea r steelm a k in g w ill
be at 70 to 80 p er cen t o f th e ra te p rev a ilin g f o r the
first e ig h t m onths.
It is recog n ized th at con su m ers are fa ce d b y the
p sy ch o lo g ica l fa cts o f th e decline in the sto ck m arket,
w ar scares in E u rop e and the F a r E a st and p olitica l
d iva ga tion s at hom e, and n a tu ra lly are keep in g c o m ­
m itm en ts close to actu al needs. A ft e r the unusually
h igh ra te o f p rod u ctio n o v e r a yea r p ast an a d ju st­
m ent d ow n w ard is n ot to be w on d ered at.
T h ere are n ot a fe w re a ssu rin g fa c ts in the w e e k ’s
news. L o s A n g eles h as p la ced 11,050 ton s o f plates
fo r a w ater line, th e D en v er & R io G rande has ord ered
13,400 ton s o f rails fr o m C o lora d o F u el & Iron C orp.,
the N ew Y o rk C entral has divided a b ou t 10,000 ton s
o f steel, la rg e ly p lates and shapes, f o r ca r b u ildin g
and rep a ir and F o rd M o to r C o. is in q u irin g fo r 15,000
ton s o f stru ctu ra ls f o r a p ress shop. In ad d ition it is
u n d erstood R u ssia has p la ced an ord er fo r steel axles
fo r ca rs and locom otiv e s, su fficien t to keep a xle sh op s
b u sy six to eig h t w eeks.
T hese ton n ages are n ot en ou g h to keep up p ro d u c­
tion a t th e rate o f ea rlier m on th s b u t th ey indicate
a ctiv ity in v a riou s lines.
O rders b ook ed b e fo re the
decline in bu y in g are b y no m eans exh austed and
sh eet m ills, w hile able to o ffe r p rom p t d eliv ery in som e
cases, h ave ton n a ge on b ook s f o r a ctiv e p rod u ction
th rou g h O ctober.
A s a resu lt o f lig h te r op era tion s in im p orta n t p r o ­
d u cin g cen ters, due to a d ju stm en t to lig h t b u yin g, the
n ation al o p era tin g ra te la st w eek declined 4 p oin ts to
76 p er cen t o f ca p a city .
P ittsb u rg h op era tion s de­
clin ed 11 p oin ts to 73 p er cent, C h ica go 3.5 points
to 79.5, W h eelin g 7 to 82 and B irm ingh am , A la., 8 to
Septem ber 27, 1937
P R O D U C T I O N . . O perations
down 4 p oin ts to 76 p er cent o f
ca p a city.
S H IP M E N T S
.
.
. Steady,
with deliveries closer.
83. A s a p a rtia l o ffset to these losses C leveland ad­
van ced 1 p oin t to 64, B u ffa lo 4 to 74, D e tro it 5 to 100
and C in cin n ati 9 to 89. T h ere w as no ch a n g e in E a s t­
ern P en n sylva n ia at 63, Y ou n g stow n , O., a t 70, N eu
E n g la n d a t 75 and St. L o u is at 74.
A u to m o tiv e p ro d u ctio n la st w eek w as a shade lo w e r
than the p re ce d in g period , w ith 28,030 units, com p a red
w ith 30,150. G en eral M o to rs m ade 14,000 cars, c o m ­
pared w ith 13,700, C h ry sler 3075 com p a red w ith 1750,
w ith th e F o r d p lan t closed . T h is is p ro b a b ly a b ou t th e
lo w m a rk f o r th e m od el ch a n g e season and in creased
p ro d u ctio n m a y be e x p e cte d to sta rt at a n y tim e as
th e 1938 lines are p u t under w a y m ore in ten sively.
S cra p is p resen tin g an a sp ect o f w eakness sim ilar
to th a t sh ow n in July. W ith a d rop o f $1 a t C h ica go,
$2 a t P ittsb u rg h and 50 to 75 cen ts in E a stern P en n ­
sy lv a n ia the situ a tion reflects the a p a th y o f con su m ers,
w h o are definitely ou t o f th e m ark et.
A m od erate
sale to a steel m ill in P ittsb u rg h last w eek establish ed
a p rice $2 under the p rev iou s n om in al qu ota tion .
C losin g o f co n tra cts w ith ea stern scrap dealers f o r
250,000 ton s o f steelm a k in g g ra d es f o r e x p o r t to E u ­
rop e p resen ts an a n om a ly in an in crease o f $2.50 p er
ton o v e r a la rg e r p u rch a se s ix w eeks earlier.
Ab­
sence o f Japan fr o m th e e x p o r t m a rk et on a cco u n t o f
ex ch a n g e d ifficu lties is g iv in g the E u rop ea n b u y ers a
b etter o p p o rtu n ity to co v e r th e ir needs. A fa c t o r in
th e in creased e x p o rt p rice is th e fa c t th at th e low er
fr e ig h t ra te to tid ew a ter on e x p o r t m aterial is to te r­
m inate O ct. 1, thus in crea sin g tra n sp o rta tio n ch a rg es.
D ecid ed w eakness in a ll m a rk ets has red u ced S t e e l ' s
co m p o site o f steelm a k in g scrap $1.25 fr o m th e p reced ­
in g w eek, to $17.83. T his com p a res w ith $17.75 fo r
th e secon d w eek in J u ly and $17 at the end o f June,
and is $4.25 below the h ig h p oin t in A p ril. T h e d e­
clin e in scrap affected th e iron and steel co m p osite
also, ca u sin g a declin e o f 21 cen ts to $39.98.
T he
finished steel co m p o site is u n ch a n ged at $61.70.
71
-T h e M a rk et
C O M P O S I T E
Iron and Steel ..
Finished Steel ..
Steelw orks Scrap
M A R K E T
A V E R A G E S
One
Month A go
Aug., 1937
$40.34
61.70
20.41
Sept. 11
$40.21
61.70
19.33
Sept. IS
$40.19
61.70
19.08
Sept. 25
. $39.98
. 61.70
. 17.83
W eek—
Three
M onths A go
June, 1937
$39.82
61.70
17.15
One
Y ear A g o
Sept., 1936
$34.15
53.10
16.18
Five
Years A go
Sept., 1932
$28.93
47.50
7.04
Iron and Steel Com posite:— P ie iron, scrap, billets, sheet b a rs, wire rods, tin plate, wire, sheets, plates .shapes, bars, black
pipe, rails, allov steel, hot strip, and cast iron pipe at represen tative centers. Finished Steel Com posite:— Plates, shapes, bars,
h ot strip, nails, tin plate, pipe. Steelw orks Scrap Com posite:— H eavy m elting steel and com pressed sheets.
A
C O M P A R I S O N
O F
PRICES
Representative Market Figures for Current Week; Average for Last Month, Three Months and One Year Ago
Finished M a te ria l
^is« ? 0’
2.45c
Steel bars, Pittsburgh ...................
Steel bars, C hicago .....................
2.50
Steel bars, Philadelphia ............. 2.74
Iron bars, Terre Haute, Ind. .. . 2.35
Shapes, Pittsburgh .......................
2.25
Shapes, Philadelphia ...................
2.4514
Shapes, C hicago .............................. 2.30
Tank plates, Pittsburgh ............... 2.25
Tan k plates, Philadelphia ........... 2.4314
2.30
T an k plates, C hicago ...................
Sheets, No. 10, hot rolled, Pitts. 2.40
Sheets, No. 24, hot ann., Pitts.. . 3.15
Sheets, No. 24, galv., Pitts
3.S0
Sheets, No. 10, h ot rolled, G ary. . 2.50
Sheets, No. 24, h ot anneal., Gary 3.25
Sheets, No. 24, galvan., G ary. .. . 3.90
Plain wire, Pittsburgh ................. 2.90
Tin plate, per base box, Pitts........ 55.35
W ire nails, Pittsburgh ................. 2.75
Aug.
1937
2.45c
2.50
2.74
2.35
2.25
2.4514
2.30
2.25
2.43 'A
2.30
2.40
3.15
3.80
2.50
3.25
3.90
2.90
5.35
2.75
June
1937
2.45c
2.50
2.74
2.35
2.25
2.4514
2.30
2.25
2.4314
2.30
2.40
3.15
3.80
2.50
3.25
3.90
2.90
5.35
Sept.
Sept. 25,, Aug. June
1937 1937
1936
$25.26 $25.26 :$20.8132
Bessemer, del. Pittsburgh ............525.26
23.50 23.50 19.00
Basic, V alley .................................. 23.50
25.26 25.26 20.81
Basic, eastern del. East P a
25.26
25.21 25.21 20.3132
No. 2 Id y „ del. Pittsburgh ......... 25.21
24.00 24.00 19.50
No. 2 fdy., C hicago ..................... 24.00
20.38 20.38 15.50
Southern No. 2, B irm in g h a m .... 20.38
23.69 23.69 19.44
Southern No. 2, del. C in cin n a ti.. 23.69
26.135 25.26 21.68
No. 2 X eastern, del. P h ila
26.135
24.00 24.00 19.50
M alleable, V alley ............................ 24.00
24.00 24.00 19.50
M alleable, C hicago ....................... 24.00
30.04 30.04 25.2528
Lake Sup., Charcoal, del. Chicago 30.04
24.17 24.17 19.6741
Gray forge, del. Pittsburgh ......... 24.17
Ferrom anganese, del. Pittsburgh. 107.29
107.29 107.29 80.13
n>.
Sept.
1936
1.95c
2.10
2.26
1.95
1.90
2.1114
1.95
1.90
2.09
1.95
1.95
2.50
3.20
2.25
2.90
3.50
2.40
5.25
1.95
Steel,
537.00
37.00
37.00
47.00
537.00
37.00
37.00
47.00
1937
Scrap
H eavy m elting steel, P ittsbu rgh. 518.75
H eavy melt, steel, No. 2 East Pa. 16.00
H eavy m elting steel, Chicago. . 16.75
Rail for rolling, C hicago ............. 19.25
R ailroad,steel specialties, Chicago 20.75
S em ifinishe d M a te ria l
Sheet bars, open-hearth, Youngs.$37.00
Sheet bars, open-hearth, Pitts.. . 37.00
Billets, open-hearth, Pittsburgh. 37.00
Wire rods, No. 5 to A -inch , Pitts. 47.00
I
rig Iron
$21.85
18.00
19.75
21.75
22.25
$18.40
15.25
16.00
19.50
19.50
$17.75
14.00
16.15
16.75
17.65
$4.50
5.30
11.00
$4.65
5.30
11.00
$3.90
4.25
9.75
Coke
530.00
30.00
30.00
38.00
Connellsville, fu rn a ce ovens . . . . 54.40
Connellsville, foundry, ovens . . . .
5.25
Chicago, b y-prod u ct foundry, del. 11.00
I r o n , Raw M a t e r i a l ,
Fuel a n d M e t a l Is
s P rrii cces
es
Except when otherwise designated, prices are hase, f.o.b. cars.
Tin Mill B lack No. 28
Sheet Steel
pPittsburgh
u J S Ï ” 11,1........................
Black N°' 28 a3.30c
.an. C orrosion and H e a t-
P r ic e s S u b j e c t t o Q u a n t i t y E x ­
tra s a n d
d e d u c tio n s
(E x ce p t
G a lv a n iz e d )
H ot R olled N o. 10, 24-48
P it t s b u r g h ..........................
G ary ....................................
Chicago, delivered .........
D etroit, d el.........................
New York, d el....................
Philadelphia, del..............
Birm ingham .....................
St. Louis, d el.....................
Granite City, 111................
Pacific ports, f.o.b. dock
in.
2.40c
2.50c
2.53c
2.60c
2.73c
2.69c
2.55c
2.63c
2.60c
2.95c
H ot R olled Annealed No. 24
P it t s b u r g h .......................... 3.15c
3.25c
G ary ..................................
3.2SC
C hicago, delivered ........
D etroit, delivered ......... 3.35c
3.4SC
N ew Y'ork, del....................
3.44c
Philadelphia, d el..............
3.30c
Birm ingham ...................
St. Louis, d el..................... 3.3SC
3.3oc
G ranite City, 111................
Paciilc ports, f.o.b. dock 3.S0C
G alvanized No. 24
Pittsburgh .......................
3.80c
Gary ....................................
3.90c
Chicago, delivered ......... 3.93c
Philadelphia, d el...... 4.09c
N ew York, delivered . . . . 4.13c
Birm ingham .....................
3.95c
St. Louis, d el............ 4.03c
G ranite City, 111...... 4.00c
Pacific ports, f.o.b. dock 4.40c
72
Gary ..................................
St. Louis, d e liv e r e d
Granite City, 111................
Cold Rolled No. 10
Pittsburgh ........................
Gary ..................................
D etroit, delivered ...........
Philadelphia, del...............
New York, del...................
St. Louis, del.....................
Granite City, 111...............
Pacific ports, f.o.b. dock
Cold R olled No. 20
Pittsburgh ........................
Gary ....................................
D etroit, delivered ...........
Philadelphia, del...............
N ew York, d el...................
St. Louis ............................
Granite City, 111................
E nam eling Sheets
P ittsburgh, No. 10 .........
Pittsburgh, No. 20 .........
Gary, No. 10 ...................
Gary, No. 20 .....................
St. Louis, No. 1 0 .............
St. Louis, No. 20 .............
3.40c
3.53c
3.50c
Resistant A llo y s
Plttsburgh base, cents per lb.
C h r o m e - N ic k e l
3.10c
3.20c
3.30c
3.39c
3.43c
3.33c
3.30c
3.70c
B a r s ...................
Plates ...............
Sheets ...............
H ot s t r l p
Cold s t r i p
3.55c
3.65c
3.75c
3.84c
3.88c
3.78c
3.75c
No.
No.
410
430
B ars
18.50 19.00
Plates .. .21.50 22.00
Sheets ..26.50 29.00
H ot strip. 17.00 17.50
Cold s tp ..22.00 22.50
2.90c
3.50c
3.00c
3.60c
3.13c
3.73c
Tin and Terne Plate
Gary base, 10 cents higher
Tin plate, coke, (base
b o x ), Pittsburgh . . . .
55.35
W aste-w aste, 2.75c;
strip ............................ 2.50c
Lon g ternes, No. 24, un­
assorted, Pitts............... 4.10c
S tr a ig h t
No. 302 No. 304
24.00
25.00
27.00
29.00
34.00
36.00
21.50
23.50
28.00
30.00
C h rom es
No. No.
442 446
22.50 27.50
25.50 30.50
32.50 36.50
23.00 2S.00
2S.50 36.50
Steel Plate
Pittsburgh ........................ 2.25c
New York, d el................... 2.53c
Philadelphia, d el............... 2.43 VSc
Boston, d e liv e r e d ............. 2.65c
Buffalo, d e li v e r e d ........... 2.50c
C hicago or Gary ............. 2.30c
Cleveland, d el.................... 2.44 V4c
Birm ingham .....................
2.40c
Coatesville, base ............. 2.35c
Sparrow s Pt., base
2.35c
Pacific ports, f.o.b. cars,
dock ................................ 2.80c
St. Louis, d e liv e r e d ......... 2.52c
Structural Shapes
Pittsburgh ........................ 2.25c
Philadelphia, del............... 2.45lie
N ew York, del.....................2.50Me
Boston, delivered ...........2.6314 c
B e th le h e m .......................... 2.35c
Chicago .............................. 2.30c
Cleveland, del..................... 2.45c
B u f f a l o ................................
2.35c
G ulf P o r t s .......................... 2.65c
Birm ingham .....................
2.40c
Pacific ports, f.o.b. cars,
dock ................................
2.80c
St. Louis, del....................... 2.52c
Bars
S oft Steel
(Base, 3 to 25 tons)
P it ts b u r g h .......................... 2.45c
Chicago or Gary ............. 2.50c
Duluth ................................ 2.60c
Birm ingham ...................... 2.60c
C le v e la n d ............................ 2.50c
B u f f a l o ................................ 2.55c
D etroit, delivered ........... 2.60c
P aciilc ports, f.o.b. cars,
dock ................................ 3.00c
Philadelphia, d el............... 2.74c
Boston, d e liv e r e d ............. 2.85c
New Y'ork, d el....................
2.78c
Pitts., forg. q u a l................ 2.80c
Rail Steel
To M an ufactu ring Trade
P it t s b u r g h .......................... 2.30c
C hicago or Gary ............. 2.35c
Cleveland ............................ 2.35c
Moline, 111............................. 2.35c
Buffalo ................................ 2.40c
Birm ingham .....................
2.45c
/TEEL
— The M arket W eek—
Iron
Terre Haute, Ind............... 2.35c
2.40c
Chicago ..............................
Philadelphia .....................
2.64c
Pittsburgh, refined. .. .3.50-8.00C
R ein forcing
New billet, straight lengths,
quoted by distributors
Pittsburgh .......................... 2.55c
Chicago, Gary, B uffalo,
Cleve., Birm., Y oun g.. . 2.60c
Gulf ports ........................ 2.65c
Pacific coa st ports, f.o.b.
ca r d o c k s ........................ 2.95c
Philadelphia, del.............. 2.84c
R ail steel, straight lengths,
quoted by distributors
Pittsburgh .......................... 2.40c
Chicago, B uffalo, C leve­
land, Birm., Y oung
2.45c
G ulf ports .......................... 2.80c
W ire Products
Prices apply to m ixed carloads,
base; less ca rloa ds su b ject to
quantity extras.
Base Pltts.-Cleve. 100 lb. keg.
Standard w ire n a ils
S2.75
Cement coated n a i l s
S2.75
(Per pound)
Polished staples ............. 3.45c
Galv. fence s t a p l e s
3.70c
Barbed wire, g a lv ............. 3.40c
Annealed fence w i r e . . . . 3.15c
Galv. fence w ire ............. 3.55c
W oven wire fencing
(base C. L. c o lu m n )............74
Single loop bale ties,
(base C. L. c o lu m n )............63
To M an ufactu ring Trade
Plain wire, 6-9 g a ............
2.90c
Anderson, Ind. (m erch ant p rod­
ucts on ly) and C hicago up SI;
Duluth and W orcester up $2;
Birm ingham up S3.
Spring wire, Pitts, or
C le v e la n d ........................ 3.50c
Do., C hicago up $1, W ore. $2.
C o ld -F in ish e d Carbon
Bars and Shafting
Pittsburgh .......................... 2.90c
C hicago ..............................
2.95c
Gary, In d...................................2.95c
D etroit .................................. 2.95c
C le v e la n d .............................. 2.95c
B u ffalo ................................ 2.95c
S u b ject to quan tity ded uc­
tions and extras.
L ist dated
Aug. 26, 1935; revised Oct. 1,
1936.
A l l o y Steel Bars ( H o t )
(B ase, 3 to 25 to n s)
P ittsburgh, B uffalo, Chi­
cago, M assillon, Can­
ton, B ethlehem ........... 3.00c
A llov
A lloy
S.A.E.
Diff. S.A.E.
Dlff.
2000.............0.35 3100............ 0.70
2100
0.75
3200............ 1.35
2300.............1.55 3300............ 3.80
2500.............2.25 3400.............3.20
4100 0.15 to 0.25 M o............... 0.55
4600 0.20 to 0.30 Mo. 1.502.00 N i................................... 1.10
5100 0.80-1.10 Cr...................... 0.45
5100 Cr. s p r i n g .........................O.lo
6100 b a r s ................................... 1.20
6100 spring ............................ 0.85
Cr. N „ V an ............................... 1.50
Carbon V a n ................................ 0.85
9200 spring flats .................... 0.15
9200 spring rounds, squares 0.40
Strip and H o o p s
(Base, h ot rolled, 2 5 -lton )
(Base, cold-rolled, 25-3 tons)
H ot strip to 23 IS-in.
P it t s b u r g h ........................ 2.40c
C hicago or G a iy ......... 2.50c
Birm ingham base ......... 2.55c
D etroit, del......................... 2.60c
PhiladelDhla, del................2.69c
N ew York, d el.................. 2.73c
C ooperage hoop,
P it t s b u r g h ........................ 2.50c
C hicago ............................ 2.60c
Cold strip, 0.25 carbon
and under, Pittsburgh,
C le v e la n d .......................... 3.20c
D etroit, d el........................... 3.40c
W orcester, M ass................. 3.40c
Cleve.
W orcesCarbon
Pitts, ter, Mass.
0.26— 0 .5 0 ...
3.20c 3.40c
0.51— 0 .7 5 ...
4.4oC 4.65c
0.76— 1.00. . .
6.30c 6.50c
Over 1 .0 0 ...
8.50c 8.70c
Rails, Track M a te ria l
(G ross Tons)
Standard rails, m i l l
542.50
R elay rails, Pittsburgh,
20— 100 lb s ................32.50-35.50
L ight rails, billet qual.,
Pittsburgh, C h ic a g o .. . .843.00
Do., rerolling q u a lit y .. 42.00
Angle bars, billet, Gary,
Pittsburgh, So. C hicago 2.80c
Do., a xle s t e e l ................. 3.35c
Spikes, R. R. b a s e
3.15c
Track bolts, base ............. 4.35c
Tie plates, base .................. 846.00
Base, ligh t rails 25 to 60 lbs.;
20 lbs. up 82; 16 lbs. up 84; 12
lbs. up 88; 8 lbs. up 810. Base
railroad spikes 200 kegs or
m ore; base tie plates 20 tons.
Bolts and N uts
Pittsburgh, Cleveland, Bir­
m ingham , Chicago.
D iscounts
to legitim ate trade as per Dec.
1, 1932, lists:
Carriage and Machine
% x 6 and sm aller. .. .65-5 oft
Do. larger, to 1-in.. .60-10 off
Do. 1% and 1 % - i n . . .60-5 off
Tire bolts ............................50 oft
Plow Bolts
AH s i z e s
65-5 off
Stove Bolts
In packages w ith nuts a t­
tached 70 off; in packages
w ith nuts separate 70-10 off;
in bulk 80 o ff on 15,000 o f
3-lnch and shorter, or 5000
over 3-inch.
Step b o l t s ...................... 50-10-5 off
E levator b o l t s ..............50-10-5 off
Nuts
S. A. E. semifinished hex.:
% to ft-in ch
60-10 off
Do., 9/16 to 1 -in ch
60-5 oft
Do., over 1-inch ............60 off
H exagon Cap Screws
M i l l e d .................................50-10 off
Upset, 1-in., sm a ller
60 off
Square H ead Set Screws
Upset, 1-in., sm a ller
75 off
H eadless set s c r e w s
75 off
R ivets, W ro u g h t Washers
Structural, Pittsburgh,
Cleveland ........................ 3.60c
Structural, C hicago ......... 3.70c
nt-inch and sm aller,
Pitts., Chi., C leve
65-5 off
W rought washers, Pitts.,
Chi., Phila. to jobbers
and
large
nut. bolt
m frs. l.c.l. 85.40; c.l. S5.75 off
P ilin g
Cut N ails
Pittsburgh ............................ 2.60c
Chicago, B u ffalo ............... 2.70c
Cut nails, C. L., Fitts.
(10% disc, on ail extras) 83.60
Septem ber 27, 1937
Do., less carloads, 5
kegs or m ore, no dis­
cou n t on any e x tra s . .. 83.90
Do., under 5 kegs no
disc, on any e x t r a s .. . . 84.05
W e ld e d Iro n , Steel P ipe
Base discounts on steel pipe,
Pitts., Lorain, O., to consum ers
in carloads. Gary, Ind., 2 points
less.
Chicago, del. 2% less.
W rou gh t pipe, Pittsburgh.
Butt Weld
Steel
In.
Blk.
Galv.
49
% ......... ...................... 59%
......... ...................... 62% 53
55%
......................
64%
1— 3 ___
Iron
8
=4......... ...................... 26
14
1— 1 % . . ...................... 30
16%
1 % ......... ..................... 34
2 ............. ...................... 33% 16
Lap Weld
Steel
o
47%
...................... 57
50%
2 % — 3 .......................... 60
3 % — 6 .......................... 62
52%
7 and 8 ...................... 61
50%
9 and 10 ................... 60% 50
Iron
2
26% 10
2 % — 3 % ...................... 27% 12%
4 ..................................... 29% 16
4 % — 8 .......................... 28% 15
9 -1 2 .............................. 24% 10
Line Pipe
Steel
1 to 3, butt w e l d ............. 63%
2, lap.... weld ...................... 56
2% to 3, lap w e ld ........... 59
3% to
6, lap w e ld
61
7 and
8, lap w e ld ........... 60
10-inch, lap w e ld ...............
59%
12-inch, lap w e ld ...............
58%
Butt W eld
Iron
Blk. Galv.
7
% ............. ................. 25
13
1 and 1% . .................. 29
15%
1 % ............. ................. 33
15
2 ................. ................. 32%
Lap W eld
7
1 % ............. ................... 23%
9
2 ................. ................. 25%
11%
2% to 3 % .................... 26%
4 ................. ................. 28% 15
14
4% to 8. . .................. 27%
9
9 to 1 2 ___ ................... 23%
B o ile r Tubes
C arloads m inim um w all seam ­
less steel boiler tubes, cut
lengths 4 to 24 feet, f.o.b . P itts­
burgh, base price per 100 feet
su b ject to usual extras.
I.ap Weld
Char­
coal
Iron
Steel
Sizes
1 % " OD x 13 Ga. .810.45 823.71
22.93
1 % " OD x 13 Ga. . 11.89
19.35
2" OD x 13 G a ... . 13.31
23.36
2" OD x 11 G a .. . . 15.49
21.68
2 % " OD X 13 Ga. . 14.82
26.02
2 % " OD X 11 Ga. . 17.38
26.57
2% " OD x 12 Ga. . 17.82
29.00
2 % ” OD X 12 Ga. . 18.86
31.36
3" OD X 12 Ga.. . . 19.73
39.81
3 % " OD X 11 Ga. . 24.89
49 DO
4 " OD X 10 G a ... . 30.81
73.93
5 " OD x 9 Ga. , . 47.57
73.25
6" OD x 7 G a .. ..
1 " OD X
1 % " OD
1 % ” OD
1 il " OD
2" OD X
2 % " OD
Seam less
Cold
Hot
R olled Draw n
13 Ga.. . 8 8.41 8 9.46
11.21
9.96
X 13 Ga.
11.00
12.38
X 13 Ga.
14.09
x 13 Ga. 12.51
15.78
13 Ga.. . 14.02
15.63
17.60
X 13 Ga.
2% " OD
2% " OD
2*1 " OD
3" OD x
4% " OD
3% " OD
4 " OD x
5 " OD x
6” OD x
x 12 Ga.
x 12 Ga.
x 12 Ga.
12 Ga.. .
x 10 Ga.
x 11 Ga.
10 Ga.. .
9 Ga.. . .
7 G a ... .
17.21
1S.S5
19.98
20.97
40.15
26.47
32.S3
50.38
77.35
19.37
21.22
22.49
23.60
45.19
29.79
36.94
56.71
S7.07
Cast Iron W a te r P ipe
Class B Pipe— P er N et Ton
6-in. & over, Blrnt.. .846.00-47.00
4-in., Birm ingham . . 49.00-50.00
4-in., C hicago ......... 57.00-58.00
6 to 24-in., C h icago. 54.00-55.00
6-ln. & over, east fdy.
50.00
Do., 4-in.................
53.00
Class A Pipe S3 over Class B
Stnd. fltgs., Birm., b a s e ..$100.00
S em ifinished Steel
Billets and Bloom s
4 x 4-inch base; gross ton
Pitts., Chi., Cleve., B u f­
falo, Young., B h a m ... .837.00
Philadelphia ........................ 42.30
D uluth .................................. 39.00
F orging Billets
6 x 6 to 9 x 9-in., base
Pitts., Chicago, B u ffa lo .. 43.00
Forging, Duluth ............... 45.00
Sheet Burs
Pitts.,
Cleve.,
Young.,
Sparrow s P o i n t ............... 37.00
Slabs
Pitts.,
Chicago,
Cleve­
land, Y oungstow n . . . . 37.00
W ire Rods
Pitts., Cleve., No. 5 to
A *lnch in cl......................... 47.00
Do., over A to « -in c h
in cl........................................ 52.00
C hicago up 81; W orcester up 82.
Skelp
Pitts., Chi., Young., Buff.,
C oatesvilie, Sparrow s Pt. 2.10c
C oke
Price Per N et Ton
Beehive Ovens
Connellsvllle, fu r ... 84.35- 4.50
Connellsville, f d r y . . 5 .0 0 -5 .5 0
Connell, prem. fd r y . 6.00- 6.50
New R iver fdry. . . . 6.50- 6.75
Wise county fd r y . . . 5.75- 6.00
W ise cou nty fu r
4.75- 5.00
B y-P roduct Foundry
New ark, N. J „ d e l . . . 10.85-11.30
Chi., ov., outside del.
10.25
Chicago, d el................
11.00
M ilwaukee, oven s. .
11.00
New England, del. .
12.50
St. Louis, del................11.00-11.50
Birm ingham , ovens
7.50
Indianapolis, d e l...
lu.SO
Cincinnati, d el
10.50
Cleveland, del
11.00
Buffalo, del................
10.50
D etroit, del.................
11.10
Philadelphia, del. . .
10.60
C oke B y-P roducts
Spot, gal. P roducers’ Plants
Pure and 90% b e n z o l... 16.00c
T o l u o l ................................... 30.00c
Solvent naphtha ............. 30.00c
Industrial x y lol ............... 30.00c
Per lb. f.o.b. F ran kford and
St. Louis
Phenol (200 lb. d r u m s ). 16.25c
do. (450 lbs.) ............. 15.25c
Eastern Plants, per lb.
N aphthalene flakes and
balls, in bbls. to Job­
bers ................................... 7.25c
Per ton, bulk, f.o.b. oven o r port
Sulphate Of am m onia. . S2S.50
73
—
The M arket W eek—
p.
I
No. 2 M alleBeaaer ig Iron
Fdry.
able
Basic
mer
D elivered Drices Include sw itch in g charges only as noted.
St- Louis from B irm ingham
~ LI
23-82
25.94
26.44
No. 2 foundry is 1.75-2.25 sil.; 25c dlff. lo r each 0.25 sil. above
St. Paul from Duluth ................... 2o.94
2.25; 50c dlff! fo r each 0.25 below 1.75. Gross tons.
rOver 0.70 phos.
Basing Points:
Low Phos.
No. 2 M alleBesseBasing Points: Birdsboro and Steelton, Pa., and Standish, N. Y„
Fdry.
able
Basic
mer
S28.50, Phila. base, standard and copper bearing, S29.63.
Bethlehem, Pa.................................... S2o.00 S25.50 S23.50 526.00
G ray F orge
Cliarcoal
Birdsboro, P a ...................................... 25.00
25.50
24.50
26.00 V alley furn ace ................... 523.50 Lake Superior fu r.............. 527.00
Birm ingham , A la.t ......................... 20.38
..........
19.38
25.00 Pltts dist fu r........................ 23.50
do.,del. C hicago ............. 30.04
B u ffalo ............................................... 24.00
24.50
23.00
25.00
Lyles, Tenn ............................ 26.50
24.00
23.50
24.50
S ilvervt
Chicago .............................................. 24.00
Cleveland
24.00
24.00
23.50
24.50
^
¡ r
.......................................... 2 4 0 4 . 0 0
23 50
24^0
Jackson county, O., base: 6-6.50 per cent S28.50; 6.51-7— 529.00;
................................2*50
2 *5 0
.....
2SJ»
7-7.50— S29.50 ; 7 5 1 -8 — 530.00; 8-8.50— 530.50 ; 8.51-9— 531.00;
Erie, Pa! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2450
2450
23.50
25.00
9-9.50— 531.50; B u ffalo S1.25 higher.
26.25 25.25
26.75
Bessemer Ferroslllcon-iEverett, M ass..................................... 25.75
24.00 2350
.........
Jackson county, O., base: Prices are the same as for silverles,
Ham ilton, 0 .......................................... 24.00
N eville Island, P a ............................. 24.00
24.00 23.50
24.50
plus 51 a ton.
Provo, Utah ...................................... 22.00
.......................................
fT h e low er all-ra il delivered price from Jackson, O., or Buf24.00 23.50
2450
fa lo is quoted w ith freigh t allowed.
Sharpsville, Pa................................... 24.00
Sparrows Point, Md......................... 25.00
........
24.50
M anganese differentials In silvery iron and ferrosilicon, 2 to
S wed eland Pa
............................. 2550
25.50 24.50
26.00
3 % , 51 per ton add. Each unit over 3% , add 51 per ton.
Toledo, 0 .............................................. 24.00
24.00 23.50
24.50-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Y oungstow n, 0 ................................... 24.00
24.00 23.50
2450
^ a C tO fieS
Magnesite
tS ubject to 38 cents deduction for 0.70 per cent phosphorus
o r higher.
pgr 100Q / o 6_ W orks¡ N et Prices
Fire Clay B rick
‘ "grains! net ton'^f.o.'b'
Chester, Pa., and Bal-
D clivered from Basing Points:
25.26
24.76
25.76
Akron, O., from C levelan d...... 2o.26
Baltim ore from B ir m in g h a m .... 25.58
........
24.46
Boston from B irm ingham ............. 26.37
........
25.87
........
Boston from Everett, M ass............ 26.25
26.75
25.75
27.25
B oston from Buffalo ..................... 26.25
26.75 25.75
27.25
B rooklyn, N. Y., from Bethlehem 27.27
27.77
.........................
B rooklyn, N. Y., from B m gh m ... 27.05 .........................................
Canton, O., from C levelan d
25.26
25.26 25.76
25.76
C hicago from B irm ingham
24.22
........
24.10
........
Cincinnati from H am ilton, 0 ........ 24.07 25.01
2451
........
........
22.69
........
Cincinnati from B irm ingham
23.69
Cleveland from B irm in g h a m .... 24.12
........
23.62
........
Mansfleld, O., from Toledo, O . . . . 25.76
25.76
25.26
25.26
M ilw aukee from C h ica g o ............... 25.00
25.00
24.50
25.00
M uskegon, Mich., from Chicago,
26.40
27.40
T oledo or Detroit ....................... 26.90 26.90
New ark, N. J., from Birm ingham 26.01
........................................
New ark, N. L, from Bethlehem . . 2659
26.89
........................
Philadelphia from Birm ingham . . 2558 ..........
25.26
.........
Philadelphia from Swedeland, Pa. 25.76 26.26
25.56
.........
Pittsburgh district from N eville f Neville, base plus 63c, 76c,
Island ............................................... \and $1.13 sw itch ’ g charges
Saginaw , Mich., from D etroit
26.25
26.25
25.75
25.75
St. Louis, n o r t h e r n ..................... 24.50
24.50
24.00
.........
.........
Super Quality
Pa., Mo., K y......................... S64.6U
First Quality
Pa., 111., Md.,Mo., K y.. .
51.30
A labam a, G eorgia ......... 51.30
New Jersey ........................
56.00
Second Oualitv
Pa
jji Ky., Md., M o ... 4 655
Georgia, A labam a .......... 41.80
j<rew j ersey ...................... 51.00
‘
'
oh io
F ¡rst quality....................... 43.70
Interm ediate
39 90
n u a llt v ..................
3515
„ „
„ .........„ 7 ,
„ M alleable Bung B rick
A n ° ases ........................... boa.so
Silica B rick
Pennsylvania ...................... S51.30
Joliet, E. C hicago ......... 59.85
Birm ingham , A la.............. 51.30
Ladle B rick
(Pa., O., W. Va., M o.)
Drv press .......................... S30.00
W ire cu t ............................ 528.00
D om estic
dead - burned
gra inSi net ton ¡ 0 b
Chester Pa and Baltlm ore bases ( b a g s ) ..
Non
f
ferrous
METAL PRICES OF THE WEEK
Spot unless oth erw ise specified. Cents per pound
----------------- Copper----------------Electro, Lake,
Straits Tin,
del.
del.
Casting,
N ew Y ork
Lead
Conn. M idw est refinery Spot
Futures N. Y.
Sept. 18 14.00
14.12 Vi
13.75 59.25
58.6214
6.50
Sept. 20 14.00
14.12%
13.(0
o8 .¡o
08.OO
6.50
Sept. 21 14.00
14.12%
13.75
59.75
58.87 % 6.50
Sept. 22 14.00
14.12%
13.75 59.62% 58.87 %
6.50
Sept. 23 14.00
14.12%
13.75 59.12% 5S.37%
6.50
Sept. 24 14.00
14.12%
13.75 57.S7% 57.12%
6.25
Lead
East
St. L.
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.10
Zinc
St. L.
7.25
7.25
7.25
7.25
7 25
7.25
A lu m i- A ntim ony N ickel
num
Am erican Cath99% Spot, N. Y. odes
20.00
16.75
35.00
20.00
17.25
35.00
20.00
17.25
35.00
20.00
17.25
35.00
20 00
17 25
35 00
20.00
17.25
35.00
M ILL PRODUCTS
OLD METALS
Light B r a s s _________
F.o.b. mill base, cents
per lb.
Nom. D eal, buying prices
Cleveland
o.2o-o.50
ex cep t as specified Copper brass
1 Com position Red Brass
C hicago .............................5.75-6.00
products^based on^ 14.00c
^
^
...................
St. Louis . . . . . . . . 5.25-5.50
•Cleveland
8 T5-9 nn
Lead
Sheets
»C hicago
................... 8 75-9 00 ' N ew Y ork ....................
5.50
Y ellow brass ( h i g h ) . . . . 19.75 s t L o u is .......................... 8 50-S75
‘ Cleveland ..................... 5.00-5.25
Copper, hot r o lle d
21.S7V»...................... ............................. '
‘ C hicago
5.25-5.37%
•Lead, cu t to Jobbers___
9.75
H eavy Copper and W ire
»St. Louis ........................4.75-5.00
Zinc, 100-lb. base
12.25 »N ew York, No. 1. . 10.25-10.50
Zinc
4.25- 4.50
Tubes
‘ Cleveland, No. 1 ...10.25-10.50 New Y ork ...............
vellow brass
no 50 'C h ica g o, No. 1 ------ 10.75-11.00 Cleveland .................
3.75- 4.00
Seam less copper
. .'.'!2 2 .6 2 %
St. Louis, No. 1 ......... 10.50-10.75 St. L o u i s ...................
4.00- 4.25
Com position Brass Borings
Alum inum
Kods
* N ew York
- - n ~ 7Borings, C leveland. 9.75-10.00
H igh ye llo w brass
16.25
NeVL ^ orK .....................7.o0-7.75 , MJxed ca st CIeve 13.25-13.50
Copper, hot r o lle d
18.62%
Light Copper
Clips, soft, Cleve. . 15.25-15.50
j..
Mivpd
i
i 7 ñ - i ^ on
r
i
o
»
i Qi o u
'N e w Y o r k ...................... S.25-S.50
ca sL St. L .. . l - . / o 13.00
Copper, u ntrim m ed........... 19.12% «Cleveland ......................S.25-S.50 SECONDARY METALS
W ire
‘ C hicago ......................... 8.75-9.00 ‘ Brass, ingot, S5-5-5-5, lei, 13.75
Y ellow brass ( h l s h ) ------ 20.00 St. Louis ..................
S.75-9.00
Stand. No. 12 alum .
74
43.00
Base Brick
et if,” '
m0
M eetin g, Chester, Pa.
Chrome brick ........ §49.00
Chem. bonded ch rom e. . 49.00
M agnesite brick ......
69.00
Chem. bonded m agnesite 59.00
Cl
o r e
N U O rspar, 8 5 - 5
W ashed
graved
duty
paid, tide, net ton. . . §24 00
W ashed gravel, f.o.b. ill.,
K y„ net ton, carloads,
an ra ¡i ............................ §20.00
Do., fo r barge .............. §22.00
LT°. 2 l u m p ............... 22.00-23.00
c
..
r e r r O a llo y S
Dollars, except Ferrochrom e
Ferrom anganese, 78-82% ,
tidew ater, du ty p d .. . . §102.50
do., Baltim ore, b a s e .. 102.50
Do., del. P it ts b u r g h ... 107.29
Spiegeleisen, 19-21% dom .
Palm erton, Pa., spot. . 33.00
Do., N ew O rlean s
33.00
Do., 26-28% , Palm erton ................................... 39.00
Ferrosilicon, 50% freigh t
allow ed, c l
69 50
Do., less c a r lo a d '7 . 7 !
77.00
Do 75 per cent
126-130 00
í¡;v „
Spot, So a ton higher.
Silicom an., 2% c a r b o n .. 106.50
2% carbon 111.50; 1 % , 121.50
Ferrochrom e, 66-70 ch rom lum , 4-6 carbon, cts.
¡b.
del.......................
10.50
Ferrotungsten, stand., lb.
con. del cars .
..
nom.
Ferrovanadlum ,
3o
to
40% lb., con t................2.70-2.90
Ferrotitanium , c. 1., prod.
plant, frt. ail., net ton 142.50
Spot, carlots ....................... 145.00
Spot, ton lots ................... 150.00
Ferrophosphorous, per ton,
! - 17-19% R ockdale,
Tenn
basis, 18% . S3
_ ................... " ................' V ' ' ®3.d0
Ferrophosphorus, electro£ tíc’ per ton c. 1-, 23f f
£ > -bsnm
Ala., 24.c/c S3 unitage S0.00
yerrom olybdenum , stand.
55-65% , lb ........................
0.95
M olvbdate, lb. con t
0.80
1S.50
^Carloads. Quan. dlff. apply
/TEEL
—
W a rehouse
The M arket W eek—
Iron
an d
Steel
Prices
Cents per pound lo r d elivery within m etropolitan districts of cities specified
REINFORCING BARS
B u ffalo ............... 3.10c
Chattanooga . . . 4.21c
Cleveland ( c ) . . . 2.55c
Cincinnati ............3.75c
H ouston ............. 3.25c
Los Angeles, c.l. 2.975c
N ew O rlea n s*. . . 3.24c
Pitts., plain ( h ) . 2.55c
Pitts., tw isted
squares ( h ) . . . 3.95c
San F ran cisco. .2.97He
Seattle ------ . . . . 2.975c
St. Louis ............. 3.99c
T ulsa ................... 3.25c
Y oung............ 2.30c-2.60c
SHAPES
Baltim ore ...........
B oston tt .............
B u ffalo ...............
C hattanooga . . .
C h i c a g o ...............
Cincinnati .........
Cleveland ...........
D etroit ...............
H ouston .............
Los A n g e le s.........
M ilw aukee .........
New O r le a n s .. . .
New Y o rk t ( d ) . .
Philadelphia . ..
Pittsburgh ( h ) . .
Portland ( 1 ) . . . .
San F r a n c is c o .. .
Seattle (i) .........
St. L o u i s .............
St. Paul .............
T ulsa ...................
3.90c
3.92c
3.80c
4.11c
3.75c
3.95c
3.86c
3.95c
3.10c
4.30c
3.86c
4.10c
3.97c
3.90c
3.70c
4.25c
4.05c
4.25c
3.99c
4.00c
3.60c
PLATES
Baltim ore ..............3.90c
B oston tt ............. 3.93c
B u ffalo ............... 3.80c
C hattanooga . . . 4.11c
C hicago ............... 3.75c
Cincinnati ......... 3.9oc
Cleveland, H -in.
and o v e r
3.86c
D etroit ............... 3.95c
D etroit, A - I n .... 4.15c
H ouston ............. 3.10c
Los Angeles . . . . 4.30c
M ilw aukee ............3.86c
New O r le a n s .... 4.10c
New Y o rk t ( d ) . . 4.00c
Philadelphia . . . 3.90c
Septem ber 27, 1937
5.25c
3.70c
4.25c
4.05c
4.25c
3.99c
4.00c
3.60c
NO. 10 BLUE
Baltim ore ..............3.95c
Boston (g )
. . . . 4.00c
B uffalo, 8-10 ga. 3.97c
C hattanooga .. . 4.16c
C hicago ............... 3.85c
Cincinnati, ............4.00c
Cleveland ........... 3.91c
Det. 8-10 ga.. . .3.93He
H ouston ............. 3.45c
Los A n g e l e s . . . . 4.50c
M ilw aukee ............3.96c
New Or l e ans . . . . 4.35c
New Y ork t ( d ) . . 4.07c
P ortland ............. 4.25c
Philadelphia . . . 4.00c
Pittsburgh ( h ) . . 3.75c
San F ran cisco. . . 4.30c
Seattle ............... 4.50c
St. Louis ............. 4.39c
St. Paul ............. 4.10c
Tulsa ................... 3.80c
NO. 24 BLACK
Baltimore*-! . . . . 4.50c
B oston (g ) . . . . 4.75c
B u ffalo ............... 4.80c
Chattanooga* . . 4.06c
Chicago . . . ,4.45c-5.10c
Cincinnati ............4.75c
Cleveland ..............4.66c
D e t r o it ............... 4.68 He
Los A ngeles . . . . 5.05c
M ilwaukee 4.56c-5.21c
New Y ork t ( d ) . . 4.82c
Philadelphia . . . 4.65c
Pitts.*• (h ) --------4.75c
Portland ............. 5.15c
Seattle
............. 5.35c
San F ran cisco. . . 5.15c
St. Louis ..............4.84c
St. P a u l ............... 4.75c
T ulsa .................... 4.85c
NO. 24 GALV. SHEETS
B a ltim ore*! •••• 4.70c
B u ffalo ............... 5.45c
Boston (g ) . . . . 5.30c
Chattanooga* . . 4.76c
C hicago (h ) 5.10C-5.75C
Cincinnati ............5.40c
Cleveland ........... 5.31c
D etroit ............... 5.40c
H ouston ............. 4.50c
L os A ngeles . . . . 5.75c
M ilw aukee 5.21c-5.86c
N ew O rlea n s*. . . 5.75c
New Y ork t ( d ) . . 5.47c
Philadelphia . . . 5.30c
Pitts.** (h ) --------5.40c
Portland ............. 5.90c
San F r a n c is c o .. . 5.85c
S e a t t l e ................. 5.90c
St. L o u i s ............. 5.49c
St. P a u l ............... 5.40c
T ulsa ................... 5.20c
BANDS
B altim ore ..............4.20c
B o s to n jt ..............4.25c
Buffalo ............... 4.22c
C h attan ooga . . . 4.41c
Cincinnati ............4.25c
Cleveland ........... 4.16c
C hicago ............. 4.10c
Detroit, A -in.
and ligh ter. . .4.185c
H ouston ............. 3.35c
L os A ngeles . . . . 4.80c
M ilw aukee ............4.21c
N ew Or l e a n s . . . . 4.75c
N ew Y ork t ( d ) . . 4.32c
Philadelphia . .. 4.10c
Pittsburgh ( h ) . . 4.00c
Portland . . . . . . . 5.00c
San F r a n cis co .. . 4.80c
S e a t t le ................. 4.95c
St. Louis ............. 4.34c
St. Paul ............. 4.35c
Tulsa ................... 3.55c
HOOPS
Baltim ore ........... 4.45c
B oston tt ........... 5.25c
Buffalo ............... 4.22c
C hicago ............... 4.10c
Cincinnati ......... 4.25c
D etroit, No. 14
and lig h t e r .. .4.185c
Los A ngeles . . . . 6.55c
M ilw aukee ......... 4.21c
N ew Y ork t ( d ) . . 4.32c
P hiladelphia . . . 4.35c
Pittsburgh ( h ) . . 4.50c
Portland ............. 6.50c
San F ran cisco. . 6.50c
S e a t t le ................. 6.30c
St. Louis ............. 4.34c
St. Paul ............... 4.35c
COLD FIN. STEEL
Baltim ore ( c ) . . . 4.50c
Boston* ............... 4.65c
Buffalo (h ) _____ 4.35c
C hattanooga* . . 4.86c
C hicago (h ) . . . . 4.30c
Cincinnati ............4.50c
Cleveland ( h ) . . . 4.30c
Detroit ............... 4.30c
Los Ang. ( f) (d ) 6.85c
M ilw aukee ......... 4.41c
New O rleans. .. . 5.10c
New Y ork t ( d ) . . 4.57c
Philadelphia . . . 4.53c
Pittsburgh .......... 4.15c
Portland ( f) (d ) 7.10c
San Fran, ( f ) (d ) 6.80c
Seattle ( f ) ( d ) . . 7.10c
St. Louis ............. 4.54c
St. P a u l ............... 4.77c
Tulsa ................... 4.80c
COLD ROLLED STRIP
Boston ................. 3.845c
Buffalo ............... 3.79c
Chicago ............... 3.87c
Cincinnati ......... 3.82c
Cleveland ( b ) . . . 3.60c
D etroit ............... 3.43c
New Y ork t ( d ) . . 3.92c
St. Louis ...........4.54c
TOOL STEELS
(A pp lying on or east o f
Mississippi river; w est
o f M ississippi l c up.)
Base
High speed ........... 69c
H igh carbon, C r.. . 45c
Oil hardening . . . . 26c
Special tool ......... 24c
Extra tool ........... 20c
R egu lar tool . . . . 16c
W ater hardening 1 2 He
U niform extras apply.
BOLTS AND NUTS
(100 pounds or over)
D iscount
C hicago ( a ) . . . 55 to 60
C leveland ............60-5-5
D etroit ...............
70-10
M ilwaukee . . . . 6 0 to 65
N ew O rleans. .
Pittsburgh . . . .
60
65-5
(a ) Under 100 lbs.,
50 off.
(b ) Plus straighten ­
ing, cu tting and quan ­
tity differentials; (c)
Plus
mill,
size
and
quantity
extras;
(d )
Q uantity base; (e ) New
m ill cla ssif. ( f) Rounds
on ly; (g ) 50 bundles or
over; (h ) Outside deliv­
ery, 10c less; (i) Under
3 in.; (J) Shapes other
than rounds, flats, fillet
angles, 0.15c higher.
On
plates,
shapes,
bars, h ot strip and blue
annealed quantity e x ­
tras and discounts
as
follow s: Under 100 lbs.,
add $1.50; 100 to 399
lbs., add
50c; 400 to
3999 lbs., base; 4000 to
9999 lbs., deduct 10c;
over 10,000 lbs., deduct
15c. At Cleveland, under
400 lbs., add 50c, with
$1 minim um invoice,
iD om estic
steel;
•Plus quantity extras;
“ One to 9 bundles;
•t 50 or m ore bundles;
tN ew
extras
apply;
t+Base 10.000 lbs., e x­
tras on less.
C u rre n t Iron and S te e l P r ic e s of E u r o p e
D o lla r s a t R a t e s o f E x c h a n g e , S e p t . 23
E x p o r t P rices f. o. b. Ship at P o r t o f D is p a tc h — (B y Cable or R adio)
B ritish
g ro ss t o n «
U . K . p o rt«
£ » d
P IG IR O N
F o u n d r y , 2 .S 0 -3 .0 0 S ilic o n
B a s ic h e s s e m e r ......
1 9 .4 7
H e m a t it e , P h o s . . 0 3 - . 0 5 . .
$ 2 9 .7 6
3 5 .9 6
C o n tin e n ta l
C h a n n e l o r N o r t h Sea p o r t » , m e t r ic t o n «
* * Q u o t e d in s o l d
Q u o t e d in d o lla r s
p o u n d s ste r lin g
a t c u r r e n t v a lu e
£ « d
60 0
3 18 6
7 5 0*
3 2 4 .1 1
2 3 .7 1
...........
7 17 6
10 16 6
3 4 3 .2 0
4 9 .2 2
3
0 0
2 19 0
.............
S E M IF IN IS H E D
STEEL
B i ll e t s ......................... 3 3 9 .0 6
W ir e r o d s . N o . 5 g a g e . . . .
F IN IS H E D
5 3 .6 9
5
6
7 6
26
STEEL
S t a n d a r d r a il s
3 5 0 .2 2
10 2 6
M e r c h a n t b a r s ........................
2 .4 3 c 11 0 0
S tru ctu ra l s h a p e s
2 .3 5 c
10 12 6
P la t e s , t H <n* o r 5 m m . . .
2 .5 6 c 11 11 3
S h e e ts , b la c k , 2 4 g a g e o r
3 .3 2 c 15 0 0
0 .5 m m
4 .1 4 c IS 15 0
S h e e t s , g a l., 2 4 g a g e , c o r r .
3 .0 3 c 13 15 0
B a n d s and s t r ip s
4 .3 1 c
19 10 0
P la in w ir e , b a s e ......................
G a l v a n i z e d w ir e , b a s e . . . .
5 .1 4 c 23
5 0
W ir e n a ils, b a s e .....................
4 .0 9 c 18 10 0
T in p la t e , b o x 108 l b s . . . . 3 6 .4 5
1 6 0
.
IRON BARS
Portland ............. 3.50c
C hattanooga . . . 4,21c
Baltim ore* ............3.25c
Cincinnati ............4.05c
New Y o rk t ( d ) . . 3.65c
Philadelphia .. . 4.00c
St. Louis ............. 4.09c
T ulsa .................... 3.35c
Phila. f l o o r
Pittsburgh ( h ) . .
Portland .............
San F r a n c is c o ...
S e a t t l e .................
St. Louis .............
St. Paul .............
Tulsa ...................
.
STEEL BARS
Baltim ore ..............4.00c
B o s to n it ............. 4.05c
B u ffalo ............... 3.90c
C hattanooga . . . 4.21c
Chicago (J) . . . . 3.85c
Cincinnati ............4.0oc
Cleveland ........... 3.75c
D etroit ..............3.93 He
H ouston ............. 3.10c
Los Angeles . . . . 4.30c
M ilw aukee 3.96c-4.11c
New O r l e a n s .... 4.20c
N ew Y o rk t ( d ) . . 4.12c
Pitts, (h ) ..............3.80c
Philadelphia . . . 4.00c
Portland ............. 4.50c
San F r a n c is c o ... 4.20c
Seattle . . ........... 4.45c
St. Louis ............. 4.09c
St. P au l. .. .4.10c-4.25c
T ulsa .................... 3.35c
3 4 6 .2 0
2 .1 8 c t o 2 .2 8 c
1 .9 6 c
2 .5 9 c
3 .1 8 c
3 .9 9 c
2 .3 6 c
2 .5 4 c
6
5
0 0 to
5
7
8
1 1
6
7
3 .1 8 c
2 .9 0 c
...........
15
6
7
2
15
0
10
0
0
5 0
6
6
O ft
0
0
0
8 15 0
8
0 0
.............
B r it is h fe r r o m a n g a n e s e 3 1 0 2 .5 0 d e liv e r e d A t l a n t i c s e a b o a r d , d u t y - p a i d .
D o m e s tic P rices a t W o rk s o r F u rn a ce— L ast R e p o rted
F ren ch
F ra n cs
£ « d
F d y . p ig ir o n , S i. 2 . 5
B a s ic b c s s e m e r p ig i r o n . . .
F u rn a ce c o k e
B i ll e t s
S t a n d a r d r a il s .........................
M e r c h a n t b a r s ........................
S t r u c t u r a l s h a p e s .................
P la t e s , t K - i n . o r 5 m m . . .
S h e e t s , b l a c k ...........................
S h e e t s , g a l v ., c o r r ., 24 g a .
o r 0 .5 m m .............................
P la in w ir e ..................................
B a n d s a n d s t r i p s ...................
B e lg ia n
F ran ci
$ 2 5 .0 5
5 1 0 (a )$ 1 7 .2 7
505
$ 2 7 .8 0
2 4 .8 0
5 0 0 (a )
...
8 .8 0
1 15 6
5 .4 0
158
7 .2 5
3 9 .0 6
7 17 6
2 5 .9 1
7 5 7 . 5 0 3 2 .3 5
2 .2 4 c 10 2 6
1 .5 8 c 1 ,0 5 0
2 .0 6 c
2 .5 3 c 11 9 0
1 .4 9 c
995
1 .6 5 c
2 .4 4 c II 0 6
1 .4 6 c
970
1 .6 5 c
2 .5 9 c 11 14 3
1 .8 6 c 1 ,2 4 0
2 .0 6 c
3 .4 8 c 15 15 0 §
2 .4 8 c l , 6 5 0 t
2 .3 6 c
4 .3 1 c
4 .5 1 c
2 .7 0 c
19 10 0
19 10 0
12 4 0
3 .3 8 c
2 .2 2 c
1 .7 5 c
2 ,2 5 0
1,480
1 .1 6 5
2 .8 5 c
2 .4 9 c
2 .3 5 c
825
215
960
1.375
1,100
1,100
1,375
l, 5 7 5 t
1.900
1.650
1,550
R e ic h
M a rie s
$ 2 5 .2 9
63
. . . 2 7 ,9 0 ( b ) 6 9 .5 0
7 .6 5
19
3 8 .7 4
9 6 .5 0
2 .3 8 c 132
1 .9 8 c 110
1 .9 3 c 107
2 .2 9 c 127
2 .5 9 c
144{
6 .6 6 c
3 .1 1 c
2 .2 9 c
370
173
127
• B a s ic .
t B r it is h s 'n ip -p la te s .
C o n t i n e n t a l , b r id g e p la te s .
524 g a .
t l t o 3 m m . b a s ic p r ic e ,
B r itis h q u o t a t i o n s a r t f o r b a s ic o p e n -h e a r t h s t e e l. C o n t i n e n t u s u a lly ( o r b a s ic - b c s s e m e r s t e e l
a d e l. M i d d l e s b r o u g h ,
b h e m e t it e .
ttC Io s e _ a n n e a le d .
* * G o !d p o u n d s t e r lin g c a r r ie s a p r e m iu m o f 6 5 per c e n t o v e r p a p e r s t e r lin g .
75
-T h e M a r k e t W e e k —
Iron
C orrected to Friday night.
Steel
co m pr essed
sh ee t s
Buffalo, d e a l e r s . . . .
C hicago, fa cto ry . . .
Chicago, dealer . . . .
...............
C leveland
D etroit .....................
E. Pa., new mat. . .
E. Pa., old mat. . . .
P ittsburgh ...............
St. L ou is ...................
V a lleys ......................
b u n d led
16.00-17.00
15.50-16.00
15.00-15.50
17.00-17.50
17.25-17.75
18.50
13.50-14.00
18.50-19.00
12.50-13.00
18.00-18.50
sh eets
23.00-23.50
23.00-23.50
20.50-21.00
24.00-24.50
24.50-25.00
22.00-22.50
ANGLE BARS— STEEL
C hicago ..................... 17.50-1S.00
St. Louis ................... 18.50-19.00
R AILRO AD SPECIALTIES
C hicago ..................... 20.50-21.00
LOW PHOSPHORUS
Buffalo, billet and
bloom crops . . . .
Cleveland, b i l l e t ,
bloom crops . . . .
Eastern Pa., crops .
Pittsburgh, b i l l e t ,
bloom crops . . . .
Pittsburgh, s h e e t
bar crops .............
21.50-22.00
23.50-24.00
24.00-24.50
24.50-25.00
24.00-24.50
f r o g s , s w it c h e s
Chicago ..................... 16.50-17.00
St. Louis, c u t ........... 18.00-18.50
SHOVELING STEEL
Federal, 111................... 15.00-15.50
Granite City, 111. . . 15.00-15.50
Toronto, dealers
9.00- 9.50
RAILROAD WROUGHT
Birmingham ........... 13.50-14.00
Boston district
. . . t l 0.00-10.25
B uffalo, No. 1 ............14.50-15.00
Buffalo, No. 2 ......... 16.00-16.50
Chicago, No. 1 net. 14.50-15.00
Cincinnati, No. 2 . . . 15.50-16.00
Eastern Pa., No. 1. . 20.50-21.00
St. Louis, No. 1 ___ 14.00-14.50
St. Louis, No. 2 ___ 17.00-17.50
Toronto, No. 1 d ir .. .
15.00
B u ffalo ...................... 12.00-12.50
Cincinnati, d el
12.50-13.00
Cleveland ................. 13.00-13.50
Pittsburgh ............... 18.50-19.00
St. Louis ................... 11.50-12.00
Toronto, dealers
8.00
SHEET CLIPPINGS, LOOSE
C hicago ...................... 12.25-12.75
Cincinnati ............... 11.00-11.50 SPECIFICATION PIPE
D etroit ..................... 13.25-13.75 Eastern P a....................17.00-17.50
St. L o u i s .................... 10.50-11.00 N ew York .................. tl2.00-12.50
STEEL R AILS, SHORT
BUSIIELING
Birm ingham ........... 17.00-18.00 Buffalo, No. 1 ----17.00-17.50
B u ffalo ...................... 22.50-23.50 Chicago, No. 1
15.50-16.00
C hicago (3 ft.) . . . . 19.50-20.00 Cincin., No. l , deal. 14.50-15.00
C hicago (2 ft.) ----- 20.50-21.00 Cincinnati, No. 2. .
8.00- 8.50
Cincinnati, d el
20.50-21.00
Cleveland, No. 2. . 12.00-12.50
D etroit ...................... 22.00-22.50
Detroit, No. 1 new. 15.50-16.00
Pitts., 3 ft. and less 24.50-25.00 Valleys, new, No.
18.00-18.50
St. Louis, 2 ft. & less 20.00-20.50 T oronto, d e a le r s ...
9.00
STEEL R AILS, SCRAP
Boston district . . . . tl5.50-15.75 MACHINE TURNINGS
B u ffalo ...................... 19.00-19.50 B irm in g h a m ............. 3.00- 7.00
C h icago ...................... 16.50-17.00 Buffalo ..................... 12.50-13.00
Cleveland ................. 19.50-20.00 C hicago ................... 10.00-10.50
P ittsburgh ............... 20.50-21.00 Cincinnati, d e a le rs .. 9.50-10.00
St. Louis ................... 18.00-18.50 Cleveland ................. 12.00-12.50
D etroit ........................ 11.50-12.00
STOVE PLATE
Birmingham
........ 10.00-10.50 Eastern P a ...................12.50-13.00
Boston district .. . . tll.00-11.25 New York ............... 19.00- 9.50
Buffalo ...................... 15.00-15.50 Pittsburgh ............... 14.00-14.50
8.00- 8.50
C hicago ...................... 10.50-11.00 St. Louis ...................
8.00- 8.50
Cincinnati, dealers. . 9.50-10.00 Toronto, dealers
D etroit, net ............. 11.25-11.75 V alleys ...................... 14.50-15.00
Eastern P a ................. 15.00-15.50
BORINGS AND TURNINGS
N ew York, fdry. . . tll.50-12.00
For Blast Furnace Use
St. Louis ................... 12.00-12.50
T oronto, deal’ rs, net 9.50-10.00 Boston district . . . .
tS.OO
Lake Superior Ore
Gross ton, 51+4%
L ow er L ake Ports
Old range bessem er
Mesabi n onbess...................
H igh phosphorus .............
M esabi b e s s e m e r ...............
Old ra n ze nonbess..............
76
Eastern L ocal Ore
Cents, unit, del. E. Pa.
Foundry and basic
56.63% con 9.00-10.00
Cop.-free low phos.
58-60% ...........................nom inal
$5.25
Foreign Ore
4.95 Cents per untf, f.a.s. A tlantic
4.85 F oreign m anganifer5.10
ous ore, 45.55%
5.10
Iron. 6-10% man.
*17.00
.
Iron O re
Scrap
Prices
Gross tons delivered to consum e rs, ex cep t w h ere oth erw ise sta ted ; t indicates brokers prices
SPRINGS
B uffalo .....................
Chicago, coil ...........
Chicago, lea f ...........
Eastern P a .................
Pittsburgh ...............
St. Louis .................
.
.
H E A V Y MEETING STEEI.
B irm ingham ,f No. 1 15.00-16.00
B irm ingham ,f No. 2 14.00-15.00
Bos. dock No. 1 exp.
17.50
N. Eng. del. No. 1 . .
17.00
B uffalo, No. 1 ........ IS.00-18.50
B uffalo, No. 2 1 6.00-16.50
Chicago, No. 1 16.50-17.00
Cleveland, No. 1. . . 17.50-18.00
Cleveland, No. 2. . . 16.50-17.00
D etroit, No. 1 ........ 15.50-16.00
Eastern Pa., No. 1. .
IS.50
Eastern Pa., No. 2. . 15.50-16.50
Federal, 111....................15.00-15.50
G ranite City, R. R . 17.00-17.50
G ranite City, No. 2 15.00-15.50
N ew York, No. 1 . .
,15.50
N. Y. dock No. 1 exp.
16.00
Pitts. No. 1 (R . 11.) 20.00-20.50
Pitts., No. 1 ( di r . ) . . 18.50-19.00
Pittsburgh, No. 2 . . 17.00-17.50
St. Louis, R. R .......... 17.00-17.50
St. Louis, No. 2 . . . . 15.00-15.50
T oronto, dlrs. No. 1. 11 .00 - 12.00
T oronto, No. 2 ......... 10.00-11.00
V alleys, No. 1 ......... 18.50-19.00
a nd
Buffalo ..................... 11.50-12.00
Cincinnati, dealers. . 9.00- 9.50
Cleveland
............... 13.00-13.50
D etroit ..................... 12.00-12.50
Eastern P a....................12.00-12.50
19.00
New Y ork ...............
Pittsburgh ............... 14.00-14.50
Toronto, d e a l e r s . . . . 8.00- 8.50
Cincinnati, iron . ..
Eastern Pa., i ron. .
Eastern Pa., s t e e l..
Pittsburgh, iron . . .
Pittsburh, steel . ..
St. Louis, iro n
St. Louis, s te e l
CAST IRON BORINGS
Birmingham ........... S.0C- 8.50
tlO.OO
Boston dist. ehem.. .
18.75
Bos. dist. for m ills.
Buffalo ..................... 11.50-12.00
10.50-11.00
Chicago .....................
Cincinnati, dealers. 9.00- 9.50
Cleveland ................. 13.00-13.50
D etroit ..................... 12.00-12.50
E. Pa., c h e m ic a l... . 14.50-15.00
New York ............... 19.00- 9.50
8.00- 8.50
St. Louis ...................
9.00
Toronto, dealers . . .
Birm ingham
...
Boston, No. 1 mach.
N. Eng. del. No. 2
N. Eng. del. textile.
Buffalo, cupola . . . .
Buffalo, m a ch ...........
Chicago, agri. net.
Chicago, auto .........
Chicago, mach. net.
Chicago, ra ilr’d net
Cincin., mach. cup. .
Cleveland, m a ch ...
Eastern Pa., cu pola.
E. Pa., m ixed y a r d .
Pittsburgh, cu pola. .
San Francisco, del..
Seattle .....................
St. Louis, No. 1. .. .
St. L., No. 1, mach.
Toronto, No. 1,
mach., net
....
PIPE AND FLUES
Cincinnati, dealers. . 10.00-10.50
Chicago, net ........... 12.50-13.00
RAILRO AD G RATE BARS
Buffalo
................... 13.50-14 00
Chicago, net ........... 11.50-12.00
Cincinnati ............... 10.00-10.50
Eastern P a ....................15.00-15.50
New Y ork ................ 111.00-11.50
St. Louis ................... 12.00-12.50
FORGE FLASHINGS
Boston district ____ 111.25-11.50
B uffalo ..................... 16.00-16.50
Cleveland
............... 16.50-17.00
D etroit
. ........... 15.50-16.00
Pittsburgh ............... 17.00-17.50
FORGE SCRAP
Boston district
Chicago, heavy
+9.50-10.00
20.50-21.00
ARCH BARS, TRANSOMS
St. Louis ................... 20.00-20.50
AXLE TURNINGS
Boston d i s t r i c t
+11.00-11.50
Buffalo ..................... 15.50-16.00
Chicago, elec. fur. .. 18.00-18.50
Eastern P a ....................18.00-18.50
St. Louis ................... 14.00-14.50
T oronto ...................
9.50
STEEL CAR AXLES
B irm in g h a m ............. 19.00-20.00
B uffalo ...................... 21.00-21.50
Boston district ____ +24.00-25.00
Chicago, net ......... 24.50-25.00
Eastern P a ................. 26.00-26.50
St. Louis ................... 24.00-24.50
SHAFTING
Boston district ____ +18.00-18.50
New Y ork ................ +18.00-18.50
Eastern P a ................. 24.00-24.50
St. Louis ................... 19.50-20.00
CAR WHEELS
B irm in g h a m ............. 1S.00-19.00
Boston dist.. Iron ...+15.00-15.25
Buffalo, iron ........... 21.50-22.00
Buffalo, steel ......... 23.00-24.00
Chicago, iron ............18.50-19.00
Chicago, rolled steel 19.50-20.00
No. A fr. low ph os..
20.00
Swedish low phos.
nom inal
Spanish No. A frica
basic, 50 to 60%
*16.00
Tungsten, Nov.-Dec.
sh. ton, unit, duty
pd...................................... nom inal
7.00
N. F., fdy., 5 5 % . . . .
Chrome ore, 48%
gross ton. c.i.f.. .S25.50-26.50
•Nominal asking price fo r spot.
18.00-18.50
20.50-21.00
24.00-24.50
20.00-20.50
24.50-25.00
19.00-19.50
21.00-21.50
NO. 1 CAST SCRAP
15.50-16.00
U5.00
15.50-15.75
18.50
16.50-17.00
17.50-18.00
12.50-13.00
13.50-14.00
13.50-14.00
13.50-14.00
14.00-14.50
18.50-19.00
20.00-20.50
17.50
19.25-19.75
13.50-14.00
8.00- 9.00
12.75-13.25
13.75-14.25
16.00-17.00
H EAVY CAST
Boston dist. break.
113.50
N. Eng. del.
. 15.00-15,25
Buffalo, break.
. 15.00-15.50
Cleveland, break. . . 16.00-17.00
Detroit, break. . .. . 14.00-14.50
Detroit, auto net. . 15.50-16.00
Eastern Pa............... . 18.50-19.00
N ew Y ork, break. . . fl4.00-14.50
Pittsburgh ............. . 16.00-16.50
MALLEABLE
Birmingham, R. R.
New England, del.. .
Buffalo ......................
Chicago, R. R ..........
Cincin., agri. del. . .
Cleveland, ra il........
D etroit, auto .........
Eastern P a „ R. R ..
Pittsburgh, rail . . . .
St. Louis, R. R ........
12.50- ■13.50
20.00
19.00- 19.50
17.75- 18.25
15.50- •16.00
20.50- ■21.00
15.50- 16.00
19.50 ■20.00
19.50 - 20.00
18.00 -18.50
RAILS FO R ROLLING
5 fe e t and over
Birm ingham ........... 19.00-20.00
Boston .........................+17.50-18.00
Chicago ...................... 19.00-19.50
Eastern P a ....................21.00-21.50
New Y ork ...............
+17.50
St. Louis ................... 19.75-20.25
LOCOMOTIVE TIRES
Chicago (cu t) ............21.00-21.50
St. Louis, No. 1 ___ 19.50-20.00
LOW PIIOS. PUNCHINGS
Buffalo .....................
Chicago .....................
Eastern P a .................
Pittsburgh (h ea v y )
Pittsburgh ( lig h t ) . .
22.50-23.00
20.50-21.00
24.50-25.00
23.00-23.50
22.00-22.50
M anganese O re
(N om in al)
Prices not including duty, cents
per unit ca rgo lots.
Caucasian, 5 0 -5 2 % ..
.................... non. .52.00 to 53.00
So. A frican, 50-52%
...................... non. 52.00 to 53.00
Indian, 5 0 -5 2 % ................Nom inal
/TE EL
— The M arket W eek■
Sheets
Sheet Prices, P age 72
P ittsburgh— In com in g business in
sheets has been lighter during the
past w eek than in any previous
w eekly period this m onth, and un­
less a good-sized increase is show n
b efore the end o f this m onth, the
gain over A ugu st w ill be negligible.
A gricultural dem and since the m id­
dle o f this m onth has been the
feature o f the m arket. D elivery
prom ises on cold-reduced range up
to six w eeks, insuring a g ood rate
o f activity through October. Hotrolled delivery prom ises range up
to fou r to six weeks. W ith m iscel­
laneous consum ers now receiving
deliveries on m aterial w hich they
ordered in early A ugust, sellers can
understand the slow rate o f reord er­
ing. P rices are steady.
Cleveland — R equirem ents
fo r
hot and cold-rolled sheets continue
to expand but are still considerably
below the forecasts earlier this
m onth. H ow ever, m iscellaneous con ­
sum ers are fa irly active, sp ecifyin g
freely fo r p rom pt deliveries, fo r in
m ost instances inventories are w ell
below the levels carried earlier this
year. Specifications fro m autom otive
sou rces are still disappointing, al­
though additional tonnages have re ­
cently been placed.
Chicago— W h ile backlogs o f sheets
still are larger than in other finished
products, new business is insuffi­
cient to prevent a fu rth er decrease
in backlogs. A utom otive buying is
disappointing but is blam ed to a
large extent on stocks still in the
hands o f m otor car interests. C on ­
sum ption o f this m aterial sh ortly is
expected to perm it new buying. D e­
m and elsew here show s little change
but is regarded as b elow the rate of
consum ption. M ill operations co n ­
tinue heavy though a decrease is in
prospect on som e grades unless new
business sh ortly is heavier.
B oston— T here has been a spotty
gain in sheet bu yin g w ith specifica­
tions fro m range and heating equip­
m ent builders sligh tly heavier. D e­
mand is uneven, how ever, and jo b ­
bers are still orderin g fill-in require­
ments. W h ile m ost volum e is fo r
early delivery, coverin g fo r needs
next quarter has gained. Sm all
tank builders are generally operat­
ing with light stocks on a g ood v o l­
um e o f business.
N ew Y ork — D em and fo r sheets
drifts slu ggishly with little change
in new tonnage, bu yin g being light
and usually fo r p rom pt shipm ent.
Coated sheets are notably dull. C on­
sum ers sh ow little interest in fu ­
ture requirem ents, depending on the
im proved delivery situation to fill
S eptem ber 27, 1937
depleted specifications. Practically
no purchases are being m ade fo r
inventory as num erous consum ers
appear m ore conservative.
Philadelphia— A n easier situation
has developed in steel sheet deliv­
eries with m ost mills now able to
m ake shipm ents in hot-i'olled within
tw o to three weeks and one w eek
is not uncom m on. Som e cold-rolled
sheet m akers are still booked as
m uch as fo u r weeks ahead. A ddi­
tional releases o f both hot and coldrolled m aterial is expected m om en ­
tarily fr o m the autom otive trade,
which so fa r has specified fo r little
m ore than needs fo r prelim inary
new m odel w ork. M akers o f a u to­
m obile radios are still doing well
but dem and fr o m refrig era tor and
stove m akers, w hich norm ally should
be active, is not sh ow in g m uch life.
Cincinnati— E xceptin g fo r a m od ­
erate upturn in sales o f galvanized,
sheet dem and is follow in g the pat­
tern o f recent w eeks. B ookings re ­
main near 75 per cent w ith sh ip­
m ents heavier.
A u tom otive needs
are slow to expand. Steelm aking
and rolling schedules have been well
maintained.
St. L ou is— Dem and fo r sheets
fro m all sources continues slack,
m iscellaneous requirem ents sh ow ­
ing less than the expected seasonal
pickup.
M ill backlogs have been
noticeably reduced and new busi­
ness would be w elcom ed. Shipments,
how ever, are holding up well, par­
ticularly o f galvanized material and
enam eling stock. T he delivery sit­
uation on hot-rolled sheets is re­
ported the m ost favorable in m any
m onths.
Birm ingham , A la. — Mills have
an unprecedented am ount o f busi­
ness in sheets. A s usual, m ost o f
the product is g oin g to m an u factu r­
ers o f drums, and there is no im ­
mediate indication o f la ggin g in
this specification.
T in Plate
Tin r in te Prices, PnRe 73
P ittsburgh — Good-sized
inquiries
fo r exp ort and a fa ir am ount o f
dom estic business fo r fourth-quarter
delivery have been noted recently
b y tin plate producers, w h o at pres­
ent are trying to get out low -priced
tonnage b efore Sept. 30. In this
district it appeal's that practically
all the low -priced material will be
cleared b y the deadline. Fourthquarter activity depends to a large
extent upon w hether an early frost
cuts o ff the canning o f seasonal
good s and upon w h at buyers be­
lieve the price ou tlook is fo r next
year. E xport prices in m ost cases
are still a little better than dom es­
tic levels.
O perations are down
slightly, but are close to 100 per
cent.
N ew Y ork — N ew bu yin g o f tin
plate is nil, consum ers taking ship­
ments against contracts in steady
volu m e with continued im provem ent
in delivery. Spot buying is light.
Strip
Strip Prices, P age 72
P ittsburgh— Unless strip require­
m ents sh ow a belated spurt late
this m onth, Septem ber will close
with new business under the esti­
m ates made in late July and A u ­
gust.
D em and from the a u tom o­
tive industry has been som ew hat
less than expected, and other con ­
sum ers sh ow a disposition to re ­
strict bu yin g to actual current
needs.
Cleveland — Specifications f o r
wide and narrow h ot and cold-rolled
strip have im proved som ew hat but
are still ham pered by delayed bu y­
in g fr o m autom otive consum ers.
H ow ever, activity am on g electrical
equipm ent and sm all tool m anufac­
turers has held up well. M ost con ­
sum ers are sp ecifyin g fre e ly against
im m ediate needs. Little forw ard bu y­
ing has been reported, as sellei's are
able to o ffer prom pt deliveries.
C hicago— Strip demand is lagging,
im provem ent in orders fro m both
the autom otive and m iscellaneous
industries fa ilin g to m easure up to
expectations. W hile stock s in users’
hands p artly account fo r slow ness
in buying, consum ption has show n
but little ch ange lately. Producers
are able to give early delivery on
m ost sizes, backlogs being light.
B oston— W hile som e narrow cold
strip sellers note a sligh t increase
in advance bu yin g with scattered
cov erin g fo r deliveries through the
fou rth quarter, incom ing volum e
holds to about the recent slow rate.
Until recen tly shipm ents have been
considerably in excess o f n ew ton ­
nage, but w ith backlogs depleted,
shipm ents and orders are about
equal.
M ill operations are m ore
spotty. D em and fo r stainless strip
in n arrow widths is slack. H ot strip
m oves in line with cold strip op ­
erations and is still o f a fill-in ch ar­
acter generally.
N ew Y ork — Failure o f m an y in­
dustrial and fabricator cold strip
consum ers to bu y in volum e exp ect­
ed at close o f quarter n ow is at­
tributed to decline in anticipated de­
m and fo r products. W hile there are
low points in stocks, num erous b u y ­
ers still have fa irly substanatial
tonnage on hand. W h ile shipm ents
are still ahead o f in com in g volum e,
the gap is narrow ing as backlogs
are low ered, the latter already be­
77
— T h e M a r k e t Weeking considered norm al by m ost sell­
ers. H ot strip demand is sluggish.
Birm ingham , Ala. — Continued
demand fo r cotton ties figures p rom ­
inently in sustained production o f
strip. W hile the bu yin g probably is
not quite as spirited as a fe w weeks
ago, mills here still have sizable
unfilled tonnages, but deliveries are
fa irly prom pt and shipments are
steady.
Plates
Plate Prices, Page 72
Pittsburgh — R ailroad requirements in the past w eek have helped
bolster the plate market in this dis­
trict, N ew Y ork Central buying a
substantial tonnage in its order fo r
10,000 tons o f carbuilding material,
a large proportion o f which will be
produced in the Pittsburgh district.
Deliveries are m uch better, with less
than fo u r w eeks obtainable b y con­
sum ers. Tank and barge w ork con­
tinue active. P rices are steady.
Cleveland -— R equirem ents
fo r
plates are m oderately active with
m ost sellers offerin g delivery o f
three to six weeks, depending on the
grade. R ecent dem and is fo r struc­
tural projects, although a w est side
w ater main project, Cleveland, re­
quiring large diam eter pipe, is ex­
pected to take considerable tonnage.
R ailroad outlook is unchanged fo r
the im m ediate future.
C hicago— Plate backlogs still are
fa irly heavy and shipm ents are well
sustained but new business shows
no im provem ent. R ailroad equip­
m ent m arkets offer little prom ise
o f heavier plate orders in the near
fu tu re and structural fabricators
are taking sm aller lots than during
m idsum m er. Tank fabricators con­
tinue good custom ers, however.
B oston—Potential plate require­
ments are heavy on specified p r o j­
ects, the fu ll advantage offered by
such tonnage not likely to be felt
fo r several m onths, especially from
shipyards, w hich are heavily booked.
T w o 1600-ton destroyers have been
allotted the Boston navy yard fo r
construction, m aking six in the dis­
trict fo r which hull steel m ust be
purchased. Bids on 1955 tons fo r
the Portsm outh, N. H., navy yard
fo r tw o subm arines, recently bid,
brou ght out u niform quotations on
m ost items, 3.25c, delivered, being
quoted on the greater part.
N ew Y ork — B uying is irregular
with no general im provem ent in new
tonnage. Indications are that sh ip ­
yard releases in early O ctober will
be som ew hat better with m ost o f the
material backed up by the recent
strike being w orked off at a better
rate. R ailroads are ordering spar­
78
ingly and the reported purchase o f
10,000 tons by the N ew Y ork Cen­
tral is tonnage placed several
m onths ago, now being released.
F or a 48-inch steel pipe line fo r
Newark, N. J., close to 1400 tons of
plates w ill be needed.
N ew port N ew s Shipbuilding &
D ry D ock Co., N ew port N ews, Va.,
will be awarded the contract fo r the
United States liner, the contract to
be signed by Oct. 15 unless u nex­
pected circum stances arise. This
will require 16,000 tons o f hull steel.
Philadelphia— Som e miscellaneous
carlot business is reported in plates
but this is insufficient to bolster
mill backlogs and som e interests
which were booked as m uch as 16
weeks ahead recently are not able
to offer deliveries well under tw o
weeks. Tonnage business is alm ost
entirely lacking with railroads, ship­
builders, the oil industry and tank
makers largely out o f the market.
The Pennsylvania railroad indicated
in connection with its less favorable
A ugu st show ing it would cut m ain­
tenance and other expenses until
relief is afforded through increases
in revenues.
San Francisco— The largest plate
award o f the year has ju st been
placed with Consolidated Steel Corp.,
L os Angeles, and involves 9600 tons
fo r a welded steel pipe line fo r the
m etropolitan water district, Los
Angeles. In addition 150 tons o f
rods will be needed. Little new
business o f size is noted and pend­
ing projects require less than 1500
tons. California Corrugated Culvert
Co. was awarded 175 tons fo r a
corrugated culvert pipe line fo r the
United States engineer office, Los
Angeles, under proposal No. 17.
Seattle— No large projects are up
fo r im mediate figures but fabricators
report a fa ir volum e o f business in
small tonnages, m ostly boiler, tank
and service station jobs. Bellingham,
W ash., expects to invite bids soon fo r
a $60,000 pipe line extension to the
enlarged plant o f Puget Sound Pulp
& Tim ber Co. C. C. M oore & Co.,
Seattle, has contracted to furnish
boilers to the U niversity o f W ashing­
ton, the main plant o f the P uget
Sound Pulp & T im ber Co., B elling­
ham, W ash., and fo r the pow er plant
o f the Sim pson L og g in g Co., Shelton,
W ash., involving a total o f 300 tons
o f plates. The boilers will be fa b ri­
cated at B abcock & W ilcox plant,
Barberton, O.
Plate Contracts Placed
11,050 tons, 54-inch pipe line, Eagle R ock
to Los Angeles, to Consolidated Steel
Corp., Los Angeles.
300 tons, boilers fo r University o f W ash­
ington and industrial plants, to C. C.
M oore & Co., Seattle.
265 tons, 15 sections, 32-inch i. d. by 52
feet lon g welded steel pontoon pipe,
U. S. engineers, Memphis, Tenn., to St.
Louis Shipbuilding & Steel Co., St.
Louis; bids July 30, cir. SF.
100 tons, anchor barge, 65 feet lon g by
20 feet w ide and live feet deep, U. S.
engineer, Memphis, Tenn., to St. Louis
Shipbuilding & Steel Co., St. Louis,
312,270, delivered afloat, Memphis, 60
days; bids Aug. 27.
100 tons or more, 54-lnch siphon pipe fo r
B itterroot irrigation project, Ham ilton,
M ont.; Clinton & Applegate, Anaconda,
Mont., general contractors.
100 tons, for 200,000-gallon elevated
steel tank, Erlanger, K y.; bids In; also
steel supports fo r control and ch lorinator house.
Plate Contracts Pending
1400 tons, fo r 4000 feet 48-inch steel
pipe; bids in.
Unstated tonnage, 50,000-gallon steel
tank, Kennett dam, C alif.; California
Steel Products Co., San Francisco, low.
Bars
B ar Trices, Page 72
P ittsburgh— Dem and fo r hot-rolled
bars continues below expectations,
although Septem ber business show s
im provem ent over A ugust. M any
buyers are unw illing to extend them ­
selves beyond their bare current
needs fo r the tim e being, even
though inventories are low, and this
condition has resulted in district
m ills’ bookings fluctuating fro m day
to day. A utom otive bu yin g has
gained slightly. D eliveries are easy.
Cleveland — L ocal fo r g in g con ­
cerns continue to play an im portant
part in the m oderate im provem ent
in requirem ents fo r com m ercial and
alloy steel bars, since the first o f
the month. H ow ever, shipm ents
still exceed specifications by a con ­
siderable m argin. F arm equipm ent
m anufacturers continue the active
pace set during the sum m er months,
although specification fro m this
sou rce fo r new m odels has also
been delayed fo r a w eek or tw o.
C hicago— Bar shipm ents still are
in excess o f new business despite
continued heavy requirem ents o f the
fa rm equipm ent industry. Failure
o f autom otive demand to increase
m ore rapidly partly is responsible
fo r the lack o f sustained gain in
orders, though heavier buying b y
this group is seen fo r the near fu ­
ture. F airly prom pt deliveries now
can be given on m ost sizes o f bars.
B oston— Com m ercial steel bar de­
mand continues slack. W ith prices
stabilized fo r next quarter and de­
liveries on som e specifications under
three weeks, consum ers are buying
in sm all lots as needed to keep stocks
balanced. A lloy, fo rg in g and high
speed steel stocks are relatively
m ore active, notably the latter, with
m achine tool builders stocking m od ­
erately b efore the price advance late
this week. Bid o f 3.32c was low
on fiat bar requirem ents fo r sub/T E E L
— The M arket Mee k —
marines, P ortsm outh navy yard last
week.
N ew Y ork — Jobber stocks o f co m ­
m ercial steel bars are sufficient to
fill reduced dem and and w arehouse
distributors are placing little new
tonnage w ith mills. Specifications
from bolt and nut m akers are
steady, but new buying is light.
A lloy and fo rg in g bar demand, de­
pendent m aterially on autom otive
needs has not developed in volum e.
Philadelphia — In com ing business
in m erchant steel bars is light with
m ost specifications generally avail­
able within a w eek or tw o. M iscel­
laneous consum ers account fo r little
business and jobbers are also well
stocked.
ARE OBTAINED IN HAGAN FURNACES
INSULATED WITH ARMSTRONG’S BRICK
Pipe
rip e Prices, P a ge 73
P ittsburgh— Tubular goods book ­
ings this m onth have been running
under A ugu st total and producers
continue catching up on backlogs.
Oil cou ntry activity has slackened
and som e large com panies appear
w ell stocked. Standard pipe con ­
tinues slow and seam less m echani­
cal has eased. Uncertainties in gen ­
eral business and w ar tension are
partly responsible fo r the decline
in demand.
Cleveland — B acklogs o f m ost
jobb ers have m aterially decreased,
as incom ing orders have consistently
fallen behind shipments. General
ou tlook fo r the near fu tu re is m ixed,
although considerable im provem ent
is expected during O ctober with
increased tonnage from industrial
sources m aterializing. Cast pipe
awards rem ain well under 100 tons,
with m ost foundries fa irly active on
backlogs. Pending w ork includes
considerable tonnage fro m sm all
m unicipalities.
C hicago— Cast pipe inquiry is
headed by 2610 tons o f 6, 8 and 12inch material fo r Chicago. Bids
close Oct. 4. A nother C hicago in­
qu iry fo r 203 tons o f fittings closes,
Sept. 30. Inquiries elsew here gen ­
erally are sm all and orders are
m ade up largely o f individual lots o f
less than 100 tons.
B oston— Supply departm ent, city
o f Boston, is closin g on 1355 tons,
class C cast pipe, Sept. 27, the la rg ­
est active inquiry. Sm all-lot buying
continues steady with deliveries
prom pt. M erchant steel pipe ac­
tivity through resellers has im ­
proved spottily in sm all lots with
distributors’ stocks w ell balanced.
W rou gh t pipe demand is steady, but
in light volum e. Steel pipe prices
are firm.
N ew Y ork — Cast pipe bu yin g and
inquiry have declined, activity being
Septem ber 27, 1937
Illustrated above is a H agan
P u sh er T y p e Carburizing hurnacc installed by the George J .
Hagan Co. This gas fired
fu rn a ce is insulated with A rm ­
strong's E F -2 2 and N -16 In su ­
lating F ire B rick . This con­
struction has decreased fu e l
consum ption figu res up t o 2 8 % .
Furnaces operating at 1700° F. fo r nearly two
years have required no repairs or replacements o f
Armstrong's Insulating Fire Brick
T N addition to m axim um heat saving,
A rm stron g’s Insulating Fire B rick
provide m an y other advantages. T h ey
m ake possible the con stru ction o f thin­
ner furnace walls and consequent larger
hearth area. T h ey assure a high heat
seal on the inside o f the furnace p rovid ­
ing uniform heat distribution. These
efficient b rick help provide easier and
m ore flexible tem perature con trol with
quicker heating and cooling. A nd b e­
cause o f their light weight, furnaces in
which these insulating fire b rick are used
can be constructed o f lighter steel.
T h e high crushing strength o f A rm ­
stron g’s Insulating Fire B rick makes
them suitable for any ty p e o f design
w ithout sacrificing therm al efficiency.
T h e y are available in five types fo r a
w ide range o f tem peratures and uses
behind the refractory and for direct e x­
posure. Special shapes are m ade to
m atch each o f the five types o f A rm ­
strong’s B rick and are o f tw o distinct
classes— m achined to size and m olded
to size. W rite tod a y, for com plete in­
form ation, samples, and prices. A rm ­
strong C ork P roducts C om pany,
Building M aterials D ivision , 985
C on cord St., Lancaster, Penna. v S y
Armstrong's
HIGH T E M P E R A T U R E INSULATION
79
— The M arket W eek—
confined to sm all lots, including
som e 12-inch fo r W estchester counly, N ew Y ork. A good part o f cu r­
rent buying is shipped from stock
and foundries in the cast, generally
with low backlogs, will soon reduce
operations further, unless unex­
pected tonnage appears. N ew Y ork
city requirem ents recently placed
assure the current rate fo r a few
weeks with the successful bidders.
O f this tonnage close to 850 tons,
m ostly 12-inch in 16-foot lengths
w ill be cast at the Everett, Mass.,
foundry. M aterial will be cementlined. Lack o f demand from the
building industry has curtailed steel
pipe buying.
B irm ingham , Ala. — Dem and fo r
cast iron pipe continues spotty and
in som ew hat disappointing volum e.
Southern shops are able to m ain­
tain a fa irly steady operating rate
by piecing together business in
sm all lots. N o outstanding business
is reported.
San F rancisco — A c t i v i t y
in
cast iron pipe rem ains alm ost sta­
tionary and inquiries and bookings
are confined to lots o f less than 100
tons. L argest pending inquiry in­
volves 153 tons o f 4 and 6-inch pipe
fo r L os A ngeles. So fa r this year
only 22,346 tons have been placed as
com pared with 34,686 tons fo r the
corresponding period in 1936.
Seattle — In qu iry is m ore active
although no im portant tonnages are
involved. Bids were opened Sept.
16 fo r furnishing 225 tons o f 10-inch
fo r M cNeill Island, W ash., and 125
tons fo r Sixty-fourth avenue S. W.,
Seattle. Helena, Mont., is consid­
erin g bids opened Sept. 13, fo r fu r ­
nishing 165 tons o f 4, 8 and 10-inch
cast iron pipe.
Cast Pipe Placed
125 tons, 6 and 12-inch for Spokane,
W ash., to H ughes & Co., Spokane.
Unstated tonnage, 2800 feet o f 6-inch,
Neenah, Wis., to Jam es B. Clow &
Sons, Chicago.
Cast Pipe Pending
G
r
W ellm an designs and builds
m achinery
for
big
unusual handling jo b s .
alm ost
the
every
w orld,
W e llm a n
cou n try
you
w ill
and
In
in
find
W ir e P r ic e s , P a g e 7 3
i n s t a lla t io n s .
M a n y o f them are serving
the m etal industry in m a ­
terial handling from
ore m ine to finished
product.
M A T E R I A L HANDLING
EQUIPMENT
W E L L M A N P R O D U C T S IN C L U D E : Steel M ill E q u ip m en t . . . C harging M achines, C ars an d Boxes
. . . O pen H e a rth Furnaces . . . M an ip u lato rs . . . C oal an d O re H andling M achinery . . . C lam Shell
B uckets . . . C ar D um pers, all ty p es . . . B last Fu rn ace Skip H o ists . . . G as Producers, V alves an d Flue
S ystem s . . . W cllm an-G alusha C lean G as G en erato rs . . . G as R eversing V alves . . . M ining M achinery . . .
S afety S tops for T rav elin g S tru ctu re s . . , W elded Steel C o n stru ctio n . . . C astings and M achine W ork
to cu sto m ers’ draw ings.
SO
2610 tons, 6, 8 and 12-inch pipe, C hicago;
bids Oct. 4; bids close Sept. 30 on
203 tons o f llltings fo r 3 to 24-inch
pipe.
1355 tons, including 100 tons, 6-inch;
400 tons, 8-inch; 800 tons, 12-inch, and
55 tons, 48-inch, ail class C, supply
departm ent, Boston; bids Sept. 27. D.
Frank Doherty, superintendent o f sup­
plies.
690 tons, 10-inch, Erlanger, K y.; bids in.
225 tons, 10-inch for M cN eill Island,
W ash., bids in.
125 tons, S ixty-fou rth avenue S. W.,
Seattle, extension; bids in.
Unstated tonnage, 3600 feet o f 6-inch,
Kenosha, W is.; bids in.
P ittsburgh— In som e quarters it is
estimated
incom ing business in
w ire products has been around 10
per cent better than last week. R e­
placem ent orders in rods and m anu­
facturers' and m erchants’ w ire have
helped bolster conditions.
Stocks
o f other consum ers m ay need re­
plenishing in early October.
E x­
pected pick-up in dem and fo r fen c­
ing from agricultural districts will
strengthen activity in m erchant
w ire products. Prices are steady.
Cleveland — Sellers o f m an u fac­
turing and m erchant w ire products
report a definite upw ard trend in
shipm ents and consum ption o f w ire,
although in som e instances, particu­
larly from autom otive sources, this
im provem ent has been disappoint­
ing. H ow ever, m ost sellers still re­
tain an optim istic ou tlook fo r the
near future, as consum ption fro m
the agricultural industry fo r m er­
chant products and dem and fro m
bolt and nut and other m anufactur­
ing consum ers sh ow little tendency
to let up, in som e instances a grad­
ual im provem ent has been noted.
C hicago — W hile steel w ire de­
mand is slow to im prove in som e
/ TEEL
— The M arket W eek—
directions, business is m oderately
heavier than a m onth ago and fu r­
ther gains in bu yin g are looked fo r
from the autom otive industry and
from certain m iscellaneous users.
R ural dem and fo r w ire products
also is counted on fo r expansion
soon. D istributors’ stocks are not
excessive fo r this period. P rod u c­
tion sh ow s little change and back­
logs are sufficiently sm all to p er­
m it early delivery on m ost items.
B oston— Finishing m ill operations
at wire plants are m ore uneven,
about parallel to incom ing specifi­
cations which usually are fo r im ­
mediate shipm ent.
W hile orders
are well diversified, backlogs are
sm aller. Septem ber shipm ents will
not be m uch above A ugu st except
in scattered departm ents. W hile
stocks o f billets and sem ifinished
steel at mills are m uch better bal­
anced, one w ork s continues 100 per
cent operations on ingot production.
Shipm ents and new tonnage are
rapidly nearing equality in som e
plants.
Spot buying fo r fill-in
needs accounts fo r bulk o f orders
with advance coverin g limited. D e­
m and fo r w ire rods is fa irly steady.
N ew Y ork — W hile rod buying is
fairly well sustained, in com in g wire
orders, although w ell diversified as
to products and uses, are still fo r
hand-to-mouth needs and aggregate
volum e is light. Bulk o f new busi­
ness is fo r early shipm ent with ad­
vance bu yin g slack. Fill-in buying
o f m an u factu rers’ wire is steady,
but demand fo r specialties is un­
even.
Som e producers estim ate
Septem ber tonnage will not be
m uch, if any, above A ugust. Here
again the sp otty condition in buy­
ing is revealed, som e departments
being fa irly active with others slow .
Birm ingham , Ala. — Dem and fo r
w ire products, w hich three weeks
ago gave som e indication o f reviv­
ing, has not m easured up to exp ec­
tations. This is dependent largely
upon farm ers having funds with
which to create a m arket demand,
and a tw o weeks set back in the
cotton crop has had telling effect
upon current sales in all specifi­
cations.
D enver— C olorado F uel & Iron
Corp., Denver, has been awarded the
contract fo r 755 spools o f barbed
w ire, at $3,445 each and 10 kegs o f
staples, at $4,696 each, f.o.b., W orland, W yo. M aterial was bought by
the departm ent o f interior, bids
A ug. 19.
C o ld Finished
C o ld
F in is h e d
P rice s ,
Page
73
P ittsburgh — N ew business fo r cold
finishers has show n little change
during the past week. Shipm ents
are holding up fairly well, but new
Septem ber 27, 1937
business so fa r this m onth has been
less than w as anticipated. R equire­
m ents o f the autom otive industry
rem ain light, and it is apparent that
som e con su m in g sources in this field
are using up their inventories. P rices
are steady.
Bolts, N uts, Rivets
B o lt , N u t, R iv e t
P rice s ,
P age
13
Bolt, nut and rivet demand show s
no im provem ent and producers an­
ticipate on ly a m oderate seasonal
pickup am on g m iscellaneous users,
with a declining trend in require­
ments o f railroads and freigh t car
builders. Specifications from jo b
bers are slow to increase. Substan­
tial dem and fro m farm im plem ent
and tractor m anufacturers is in
prospect w hile an upturn in needs o f
autom otive
parts
m anufacturers
is appearing. R ivet consum ption
a m on g structural fabricators is
slow . F ourth quarter contracting
is under w ay at unchanged prices.
ON Y O UR R E Q U I R E M E N T S
• W ith sales and o p e ra tin g headquarters right at the m ill,
C o ld M e ta l departm ent heads can q u ic k ly confer on yo u r
special strip steel
requirem ents and
make
cerning p ro d u c tio n , d e liv e ry dates, etc.
in dete rm in in g
decisions
con­
There are no delays
w hether y o u r specifications
for q u a lity
service can be met.
G e n e ra lly the answer is “ y e s ”
under any circumstances, yo u get a pro m p t response.
or
but,
C o ld M e ta l is prepared for special demands as w e ll as
standard requirem ents.
Unusual sizes o f C o ld R o lle d Pre­
cision S trip Steel such as 2 4 " x .0 0 5 " or 1 9 " x .0 0 2 " in
extra large coils are re g u la rly p ro d u ce d , illustrating the w id e
range o f our operations.
The Gold Metal P r o c e s s Co.
Y o u n g sto w n , Ohio
1
ECISION
STRIP STEEL
81
—
Behind the Stems with / T E E L
The M a rket W eek
Transportation
T ra ck M aterial Prices, Page 73
Fresh Guy
C T A C K S and stacks of promotional material have we
waded through, and thousands
of letters have we relegated to
that convenient circular file un­
der our desk, shattering the
hopes of free publicity held by
the writers. Most of them are
very, very sure that nothing bet­
ter has ever been brought to our
attention, and nothing like it will
ever be seen again.
Perhaps
they’re right, but we were hap­
pily surprised the other day to
find this frank letter from an ad­
vertising agency:
"W ill you please hand the at­
tached nifty little folder to that
harried individual who gathers up
loose ends and dumps them into
a trade literature column in the
bac\ of your fearless publication?
Maybe in a weal moment he'll
brea!( down and give it a mention."
W e made a mental note to see
to it that particular trade pub­
lication gets a mention!
♦
♦
♦
Stretch
T )R O M IS E S of future growth
and greatness for this depart­
ment are being fulfilled as you
have perhaps noticed. Upon or­
ders
from
headquarters, we
rushed to our secret bullet, gas,
bomb and termite-proof room
where is stored our precious plate
stretcher and, grasping the old
format securely in the device,
raised it up to two-thirds of a
page. N ot only that, but with a
dignity heretofore not accorded
to the sheet we point with pride
to the fact that at last we are
represented in the contents page.
N o longer do all of our readers
have to thumb surreptitiously
through the columns o f market
news to find us; the both of them
need only to turn to the contents
page.
♦
♦
♦
Hootch
U T of the mailbag comes a
note from Thiokol Facts,
stating that one-half of all the
vodka from all the Russias goes
into the manufacture of synthetic
rubber. W e would hate to haz­
82
ard a guess, but after our one
and only encounter with the spir­
it of Peter the Great we are in­
clined to believe the other fifty
per cent of vodka production is
also being used to produce syn­
thetic rubber— or is it leather?
♦
♦
♦
Feetsball
R
the spirit of the
season and the plaudits of
all who saw it was the football
game built by Crane Co., Chi­
cago, ill which all the players
were made from standard pipe
fittings manufactured by the com ­
pany. Feet o f all the boys were
made from rubber caps for beer
taps. That in itself strikes a
harmonious chord in our nature
— rubber beer tap caps.
We
didn’t ask the guy who built the
show, but we’ve confident he’d
say it was a pipe— so modestly.
♦
♦
♦
a p t u r in g
N ew Y ork Central railroad has
ordered about 10,000 tons o f plates,
shapes and other carbuilding m ate­
rial fo r its repair program . A large
proportion o f the m aterial will be
produced in the Pittsburgh district.
D enver & R io Grande W estern
has ordered 13,400 tons o f 131pound and 112-pound rails from C ol­
orado F uel & Iron Corp. fo r delivery
during the last quarter. The C olo­
rado Fuel & Iron rail mill, closed
Sept. 16, is reopening to fill this o r ­
der.
Union Switch & Signal Co., Swissvale, Pa., has been awarded a con ­
tract b y the Philadelphia departm ent
o f city transit fo r a subw ay sig ­
naling system .
Special E xam iner H. C. K ing has
recom m ended to the interstate com ­
m erce com m ission that the railroads
be required to equip about 3500 lo ­
com otives now in service with auto­
m atic stokers.
Estim ated cost of
the additional equipm ent is $11,000 , 000 .
Cancelled
Rail O rd e rs Placed
D U S IN E SS department of this
boo\ last wee\ called the edi­
tors to account for this:
Can­
celled mas a subscription on the
grounds that the editorial policy
of S t e e l was biased; that facts
were misrepresented; that edi­
torial content in general was un­
interesting. St e e l ' s editors were
horrified until they learned the
identity of the subscriber. It was
the Committee for Industrial Or­
ganization, Washington.
♦
♦
♦
D enver & R io Grande, 13,400 tons o f
131 and 112-pound rails, to Colorado
Fuel & Iron Corp., Denver.
General Chemical Co., N ew York, 90 tanl.
cars, to General Am erican T an k Car
Corp., Chicago.
Rail O rd e rs Pending
Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe, 30 stain­
less steel passenger cars.
B arrett Co., N ew York, fifteen 6000gallon tank cars and tw en ty-five 8000gallon tank cars; bids Sept. 28.
New York Central, 5000 tons.
M e ta llu rg ic a l C oke
Stoppers
Coke Prices, P age 73
T J U N D L IN G through a bunch
o f S t e e l ' s readers, present,
past and prospective, the other
day we came across these arresters
of normal progress, were arrested
and marvelled at the things we
had not seen. Long long hours
have we sat and waited for some
device like the one put out by
the N ew Idea Spreader Co., of
Coldwater, Ohio. And we have
no doubts whatsoever that' marital
bliss could be assured through
the use o f a Fearless Dishwasher,
from the Fearless Dishwasher
Co. Inc. o f Rochester, N . Y.
— Sh rdlu
H. C. F rick Co. is closin g 647
ovens at tw o beehive plants in the
Connellsville, Pa., district; 400 to
be taken ou t at Phillips and 247 at
K yle, leaving the com pan y with 120
ovens at Crossland in operation. It
is estim ated that around 1000 ovens
will be out in the Connellsville dis­
trict b y the end o f this m onth, unless
conditions sh ow a m arked im p rove­
ment. A t the end o f A u gu st ap­
p roxim ately 3600 w ere in operation.
On occasional sp ot carloads during
the past w eek sellers have obtained
$4.35. W ith installation o f new
m echanical equipm ent valued at
$1,500,000 practically com pleted, Isa ­
bella m ine w ill be opened fo r p ro­
duction the first o f next m onth, a c­
cord in g to officials o f W eirton Coal
Co.
/TEEL
— The M arket W eek—
U n it Steel Bids To C o n n e cticu t Com m issioner O f P u b lic W o rks
Shapes
S t r u c t u r a l S h a p e T r i c e s , P a jje
S t e e l a r c h b r i d g e , S a u g a t u c k r i v e r a n d s e c t io n o t M e r r i t t p a r k w a y , g r a d i n g a n d
d r a i n a g e , S e p t . 13, t o R o b e r t A . H u r le y , c o m m is s io n e r , H a r t f o r d
72
N ew Y ork —-Of the 20,000 tons o f
structural steel active in the N ew
Y ork m etropolitan district 13,150
tons are fo r one p roject, the BronxW hitestone bridge. N ew in qu iry has
slum ped and structural contracts
are also down. T onn age fo r W o rld ’s
F air buildings is com in g ou t in bet­
ter volum e, but not enough to offset
the drop in other directions.
In ­
creased costs fo r fabrication and
erection o f structural steel indicate
som e reduction in profits as current
bids on steel contracts do not fu lly
reflect such advances.
B oston — E xceptin g 2250 tons ten ­
tatively placed fo r a pow erhouse,
South Boston, structural steel b u y ­
ing is confined to sm all lots. Sev­
eral p rojects, although largely rein­
forcin g , take m ore structural steel
than first estim ated, including the
architectural building, M.I.T., Cam ­
bridge, and fish pier superstructures,
G loucester, Mass., about 700 tons.
Philadelphia — P rivate con stru c­
tion w ork continues restricted but
som e Pennsylvania state w ork re­
m ains in the offing. T he newest
announced p roject is a num ber o f
sm all additions to a hospital, Selingsgrove, in volvin g 1000 tons shapes
and 400 tons o f bars. Keen com p e­
tition and close figuring are noted
fo r available construction job s, but
m ill quotations on plain shapes re ­
m ain firm.
Pittsburgh— United States depart­
m ent o f com m erce has placed 1900
tons fo r radio tow ers with BlawK n ox Co., B law nox, Pa. Other
awards recently over 1000 tons are
infrequent.
P ending business in­
cludes 1100 tons fo r a new airplane
hangar at Baltim ore.
Cleveland — D eliveries continue
to im prove, w ith shipm ents obtain­
able within three to fo u r weeks in
m ost instances. F abricators have
am ple stocks and experience little
difficulty in m eeting delivery sched-
Shape A w a rd s C om pared
Tons
Week ended Sept. 25 ........... 10,614
Week ended Sept. 1 8 ............
16,548
Week ended Sept. 11 ............. 23,743
This week, 1936 ..................... 12,626
Weekly average, 1936 ..........
16,332
Weekly average, 1937 ........... 25,039
Weekly average, August. .. 21,801
Total to date, 1936 ................. 892,424
Total to date, 1937 ............... 976,531
Includes aw ards ot 100 tons or more.
S eptem ber 27, 1937
M aterial
Unit
A
B
C
L ow est total
Steel piles, pounds ..................................... 592,900
$0.03 $0.03
$0.03
$17,7S7.00
Structural steel, pounds ........................ 415,000
0.0725
0.075
0.08
30,087.50
0.045
0.045
0.045
12.531.S2
D eform ed steel bars, p o u n d s ............... 278,485
A—M arian ! C onstruction Co., N ew H aven, Conn., con tra ct at $179,413.88; B— Julius
V arvello, N ew Haven, second, $179,718.76; C— Frank T. W estcott, A ttleboro. Mass.,
third, $181,269.67.
S e c t io n M e r r i t t p a r k w a y , 1 4 ,8 38 .2 4 f e e t , T r u m b u l l , C o n n ., v a r i e d w i d t h , b id s s a m e d a t e
M aterial
F abric expanded m etal or bar m at
reinforcem ent, square y a r d s
D eform ed steel bars, pounds ...................
A— D. V. Frione & Co., N ew Haven,
Construction Co., East H artford, Conn.,
Conn., third, $253,707.78.
Unit
A
B
C
L ow est total
96,766
$0.25 $0.23
$0.23
$22,257.1S
71,594
0.05
0.05
0.045
3,221.73
Conn., con tract at $249,466.91; B— A. I. Savin
second, $249,744.11; C— Paul Bacco, Stam ford,
FORTY-EIGHT
Brosius Auto Floor Charging Machines
have been supplied to th e steel in d u stry in th e U n ite d S ta te s a n d abroad. T h e y supply th e needs of
th e sm aller p lants w here expensive charging e q uipm ent is n o t justified.
T h e B rosius C harger is com paratively inexpensive, self c o ntained, and requires no tra c k s o r ru n ­
w ays. I t operates in congested areas as it can tu rn on its ow n wheel base.
T h e m achine is b u ilt for serving open h e arth s, a n d sim ilar m eltin g furnaces, for hand ling slabs,
billets, ingots, etc., and for m a nipulating pieces u n d e r h am m ers a n d presses.
O t h e r B R O S I U S E q u i p m e n t : H y dro-E lectric C lay G uns . . A utom atic S team O p e ra ted C lay
G uns . . Goggle Valves, hand and m otor operated . . C inder N o tc h S toppers . . Flue D u st C onditioners
. . D ry Slag G ran u latin g M ills . . O verhead C harging M achines . . Single H oist C harging M achines . .
H o rizo n tal C harging M achines . . A uto F loor M an ip u lato rs . . Single H ook G ra b B uckets . . A utom atic
Single H o ist G ra b B uckets . . A utom atic D u m p B uckets.
Edgar E. BROSIUS, Inc.
E N G IN E E R S a n d M A N U F A C T U R E R S
PITTSBURGH,
SHARPSBURG b r a n c h ,
PA.
E uropean D istributors: D ango & D ienenthal, Siegen, W estphalia, G erm any
l i r o s i us E q u i p m e n t i s
patented
in
the
United Stales
and F o r e i g n
Countries
— The M arket W eek
ules. State w ork continues to dom i­
nate although num erous sm all job s
are active fo r industrial projects.
C hicago—Sm all lots still predom ­
inate awards
and inquiries. A
sm elter plant in Kansas w ill take
1000 tons and an Illinois state bridge
550 tons. Operations o f fabricators
are declining in som e instances and
b ack logs o f both fabricated and plain
shapes are light.
B irm ingham , Ala. — Shapes arc
not in anything like expected de­
mand. Mills are confident the situ­
ation will be alleviated when speci­
fications are in fo r several m a jor
structural jobs, including m ore than
10,000 tons fo r the Baton R ouge,
La., bridge.
San F rancisco — N ew inquiries
are slow and pending business, ex ­
cluding from 1500 to 9000 tons o f
sheet piling and shapes fo r con stru c­
tion w ork in connection with the
M are Island drydock, does not ex­
ceed 2000 tons. A w ards aggregated
2899 tons and brou ght the total fo r
the year to 126,497 tons com pared
with 134,302 tons in 1936.
Seattle — Business pending in­
cludes m ore than 400 tons fo r tw o
W ashington state bridges, bids open­
ed Sept. 21. A bout 225 tons are re­
^
S
G
/s
9
quired in three boiler and pow er
contracts awarded to C. C. M oore
& Co., Seattle. Link Belt Co., Chi­
cago, has been awarded ten travel­
ing w ater screens fo r Bonneville at
$78,148.
Shape Contracts Placed
1900 tons, radio towers, various lo ca ­
tions, U. S. departm ent ot com m erce,
to B law -K nox Co., Blaw nox, Pa.
600 tons, addition, public school No. 26,
Bronx, N. Y „ to H arris Structural Steel
Co., N ew York.
560 tons, public school No. 26 addition,
Bronx, N. Y., to Harris Structural
Steel Co., New York, on low bid ot
553,259, Sept. 2, on steel direct fa b ­
ricating and erecting.
504 tons, including 296 tons steel piling,
steel arch bridge, Saugatuck river,
W estport, Conn., to Am erican Bridge
Co., Pittsburgh, structural steel, and
Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corp., P itts­
burgh, piles; Marian! Construction Co.,
N ew H aven, general con tractor at
5179,413.88; bids Sept. 13.
415 tons, steel girder bridge, ca rrying
tracks o f Pennsylvania railroad, Bladensburg road, N. E., between New York
avenue and Queens Chapel road, W ash ­
ington, to Am erican Bridge Co.,; P itts­
burgh; Diamond
Construction
Co.,
W ashington, general con tractor; bid
Aug. 20 to district com m issioners,
576,484.84 low.
415 tons, tw elve-story apartm ent 8 East
Seventieth street, New York, Ingalls
W heeler Engineering Co., New York,
general contractor.
A N D C
U
if iiit ~
, H
v
s in servicT3'^ '-
^ ¡ g h ? T / h Welding.
°f -- -n a n c e 9
Tip
■
o
u
h
'»bes.
VVeigrht2jbs.
'
T
o
r
c
h
¿ « « h 18,
r aJi Lnds
642 BAGLEY AVE. DETROIT. MICH
84
c
C
&
410 tons, tw elve-story apartm ent, 35
East Sixty-ninth street, New York,
Ingalls W heeler Engineering Co., New
York, general contractor.
400 tons, building, W estinghouse E leva. tor Co., Jersey City, N. J., to Bethle­
hem Steel Corp., Bethlehem , Pa.
370 tons, building No. 60, Alum inum Co.
o f Am erica, M obile, Ala., to Bethle­
hem Steel Corp., Bethlehem, Pa.
360 tons, paint-press shop and loadin g
dock, Fruehauf T railer Co., D etroit,
to Palm er-Bee Co., Detroit.
350 tons, fram in g for buikeads, P ick w ick
Landing dam, Tennessee valley author­
ity, to Treadw ell Construction Co.,
Midland, Pa.
315 tons, mill building, V ictor Chemical
Co., Mt. Pleasant, Tenn., to N ashville
Bridge Co., Nashville, Tenn.
315 tons, bridge PWS 1043, H lndsRankin counties, Mississippi, to V ir­
ginia Bridge Co., R oanoke, Va.
310 tons, state highw ay bridge X I of
58-5-21, C -l, Erie, Mich., to Am erican
Bridge Co., Pittsburgh.
280 tons, store and office building, DiSabatino H olding
Co.,
W ilm ington,
Del., to Belm ont Iron W orks, E ddystone, Pa.
250 tons, railroad bridge, Stearns, I<y„
to Vincennes Steel Corp., Vincennes,
Ind.
240 tons, state highw ay bridge over
Pennsylvania and M ichigan Central
railroads, Grand Rapids, Mich., to
Bethlehem Steel Corp., Bethlehem , Pa.
225 tons, m iscellaneous W ashington state
boiler and pow er installation, to C. C.
M oore & Co., Seattle.
210 tons, extension to No. 3 tractor
building,
A llis-Chalm ers M fg. Co.,
M ilwaukee, to Am erican Bridge Co.,
Pittsburgh.
188 tons, state bridge, M adison county,
Montana, to M idw est Steel Co., Denver;
Colonial Construction Co., Spokane,
general contractor.
175 tons, state highw ay bridge and a p ­
proaches, South Main street, over M il­
lers river, Orange, Mass., to B ethle­
hem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Pa.; Charles
Hosm er Inc., Greenileld, Mass., general
contractor, 571,435.10.
170 tons, beam bridge, Pennsylvania
state highw ay, Berks county, to Beth­
lehem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Pa.
170 tons, bridge, southerly sew age dis­
posal project, Cleveland, to W heeling
Structural Steel Co., W heeling, W . Va.
170 tons, com m unity building, Elm hurst,
Long Island, N. Y., to Belm ont Iron
W orks, Philadelphia; through P rocure­
ment division treasury departm ent.
150 tons, W estern district high school,
Los Angeles, to Pacific Iron & Steel
Co., Los Angeles.
150 tons, alterations, Interboro Rapid
Transit railroad, New York, to Belm ont
Iron Works, Eddystone, Pa.
135 tons, bridge FA-57-B1, Gentry cou n ­
ty, Missouri, to St. Joseph Structural
Steel Co., St. Joseph, Mo.
132 tons, steel piles, reinforced concrete
rigid fram e bridge, M erritt parkw ay
at Black R ock turnpike grade sepa­
ration, Fairfield, Conn., to CarnegieIllinois Steel Corp., Pittsburgh; Marianl
Construction Co., N ew Haven, general
con tractor at 547,883.78; bids Sept. 13.
125 tons, steel tow er footings, P en nsyl­
vania railroad, to Belm ont Iron W orks,
Eddystone, Pa.
120 tons, h ighw ay bridge, Ulster county,
New York, to Am erican Bridge Co.,
Pittsburgh; through K ingston Con­
struction Co., Kingston, N. Y.
100 tons, alterations and rem odeling,
Morrison Steel Products Co. Inc., B u f­
falo, N. Y., to R. S. M cManus Steel
Construction Co., Buffalo.
100 tons, warehouse and office, H. J.
Heinz Corp., Los Angeles, to Modern
Iron W orks, Los Angeles.
100 tons, building, Carpenter Steel Co.,
/TEEL
— T h e M a rk et W eek
Reading, Pa., to Bethlehem Steel Co.,
Bethlehem, Pa.
100 tons, traveling w ater screens, Bon­
neville dam, to Link Belt Co., Chicago.
100 tons, bridge, A lliance, O., to Fort
Pitt Bridge W orks, Pittsburgh.
Reinforcing
R ein forcin g lia r Prices, P age 73
Pittsburgh — Jones & L aughlin
Steel Service has been aw arded 2000
tons o f bars fo r the Queens borou gh
sewer, N ew York.
Pending busi­
ness includes 1400 tons fo r a fa ctory
in Chicago.
Cleveland — R ein forcin g steel re­
quirem ents have been generally dis­
appointing. H ow ever, som e state
w ork has m oderately boosted back-
Shape Contracts Pending
15,000 tons, new press shop, R iver Rouge
plant, fo r Ford M otor Co., Detroit.
3000 tons, m arine hospital, St. Louis;
Foster & Creighton Co.,
Nashville,
Tenn., low ; bids Sept. 22.
2000 tons, 15-story surgical building,
M assachusetts General hospital, B os­
ton; bids about Oct. 15.
1100 tons, new airplane hangar for
m unicipal airport, Baltim ore.
1000 tons, sm elter plant, B axter Springs,
Kans.
1000 tons, additions, hospital, Selinsgrove. Pa.; bids Oct. 12.
800 tons, apartm ent, W atford Estate
Corp., New Y ork; taking bids under
separate contracts.
550 tons, bridge, Broadview , 111.; bids
Oct. 1.
500 tons, post office, Evanston, 111.; S. N.
Nielson Co., Chicago, low ; bids Sept. 22.
450 tons, mill building between buildings
Nos. 24 and 26, General E lectric Co.,
Pittsfield, Mass.
420 tons, bridge, W aurika, Okla.
400 tons, arch itectural building, M assa­
chusetts Institute o f T echn ology, Cam ­
bridge, Mass.; Stone & W ebster Inc.,
Boston, general contractors.
400 tons, state bridges, W hitm an and
Pacific counties, W ashington; bids In
at Olympia.
350 tons, building, P ratt diagnostic h os­
pital, Boston.
350 tons, fish pier, Gloucester, Mass.;
bids in.
346 tons,
W ilm ington Technical high
school, W ilm ington, Del.; Turner Construction Co., N ew York, low.
260 tons, state h ighw ay bridge, over
Cass avenue, Vassar, Mich.
223 tons, Including steel bearing piles,
164 tons; stru ctural steel, 39 tons and
deform ed bars, 20 tons, bridge, H ockanum river, H illside street. East H art­
ford, Conn.; A. I. Savin Construction
Co., East H artford, Conn., general con ­
tractor at $29,014.49.
210 tons, building. Coco Cola Co., A t­
lantic City, N. J.
200 tons, dorm itory, Lehigh University,
Bethlehem, Pa.; bids Oct. 4,
175 tons, shapes and bars, post office,
Union City, N. J.; W y ck off Engineering
Corp., N ew York, low ; bids Sept. 21.
160 tons, tw o bureau o f roads bridge
in A lask a; Curtis Gardner Co., P ort­
land, low on first unit.
145 tons, shapes, steel bearing piles and
bars, grade separation, M erritt park­
way, W estport, Conn.; Paul Bacca,
Stam ford, Conn., con tract at S49,550.43.
140 tons, dam trestle, Mississippi river
lock, Keokuk, Iow a ; bids to United
States engineers, R ock Island, 111.,
Oct. 6.
125 tons, buildings, U niversity o f New
H am pshire, Durham, N. H.
123 tons, three I-beam bridges, Am well
tow nship, W ashington county, Penn­
sylvan ia; bids in.
120 tons, building, Petw orth branch li­
brary, W ashington; R oss Engineering
Co., W ashington, low ; bids Sept. 22.
105 tons, shapes and bars, rigid fram e
bridge and approaches, grade sepa­
ration
M eritt
parkw ay and W est
R ock s road, N orw alk, Conn.; Paul
Bacco, Stam ford, Conn., general con ­
tractor at 541,196.19.
100 tons, service building alterations and
additions, Packard M otor Car Co.,
Chicago.
Septem ber 27, 1937
logs, with a fe w p rojects over 100
tons. Pending w ork also consists
principally o f public w ork. P rices
are generally firm.
C hicago — W h ile several fairly
large tonnages still are pending, re­
cent orders have been insufficient to
offset shipments. Orders involving
less than 100 tons have been fairly
num erous, m ost o f these being for
private w ork. A m on g new inquiries
1500 tons fo r a local ru g m an u fac­
turer is outstanding. Illinois is in
the m arket fo r a relatively large
tonnage fo r road and bridge work.
A
thousand different bronze
alloys . . . yet only one offers
the utmost in qualities of
★ W E A R RESISTANCE
★ TENSILE S T R E N G T H
* CORROSION RESISTANCE
|
j
W e ig h in g 3 % le s s th a n s te e l a n d f r o m 8 % t o 2 0 % less th a n b r o n z e ,
A m p c o M e t a l h a s a te n s ile s t r e n g t h r a n g in g f r o m 60,000 t o 100,000
p o u n d s p e r s q u a r e in c h .
P o s s e s s e d o f a s t u b b o r n r e s is t a n c e t o b r e a k a g e , d e f o r m a t i o n , a n d
f a t ig u e , A m p c o M e t a l p e r fo r m s w h e r e o t h e r m e t a ls fa il . . . in p a r ts
s u b j e c t t o h e a v y lo a d in g a n d r e q u ir in g m a in t a in e d a c c u r a c y . . .
i n d if f ic u l t h e a r in g , n u t a n d g e a r s e r v ic e s . . . fo r f o r m in g a n d d r a w ­
in g d ie s , w h e r e it is s u p e r io r t o h a r d e n e d t o o l s te e l.
B e s id e s e x t r a o r d in a r y w ea r r e s is t a n c e A m p c o M e t a l o ffe r s a n o t h e r
v ir t u e . . . h ig h r e s is t a n c e to c o r r o s io n b y th e c o m m o n c o m m e r c ia l
a c id s , s t r o n g a lk a li a n d s a lt s o lu t io n s , s u p e r -h e a t in g s t e a m , a n d
th e e ffe c t s o f w e a t h e r as w e ll. V a lv e s , lin e r s , c r a t e s , r a c k s a n d c h a in s
a re in d ic a t e d u ses f o r A m p c o M e t a l.
A m p c o M e t a l is a v a ila b le in six g r a d e s o f v a r y in g h a r d n e s s a n d
p h y s ic a l p r o p e r t ie s . . . th e h o o k “ A m p c o M e t a l— Its U ses in M o d e r n
I n d u s t r y ” w ill in t e r e s t y o u .
AMPCO
M ETAL
PROPERTIES
INC.
OF
Dept.
AMPCO
S-927
METAL
BEFORE
o
A d jz ia J i, 'V L yC t xrL L Ù
YOU
SPECIFY
Wis.
— GRADE
16
R o c k w e ll H a rd n ess. . . . 78 - 80 - B
S c le r o s c o p e H a r d n e s s ..
24-26
Y o u n g 's M o d u l u s
15,385,000
C h a rp y I m p a c t V a lu e . .
28.3
M e a n A n a ly sis
% C o p p e r .................
86.20
% A lu m in u m
10.20
% I r o n .......................
3.30
% S p e c ia l A g e n ts .
0.30
W e ig h t lb s. p er c u b ic
.275
i n c h ....................................
A p p l ic a t io n
B u s h in g s , G ea rs,
M a c n in c P a rts
N O T E : G ra d e 16 is o n e o f t h e m o s t
w id e ly u se d A m p c o a llo y s . Its p r im e
fie ld s o f se r v ice a re b u s h in g s , b e a r ­
in g s a n d g ears.
U lt im a t e T e n s ile S tre n g th
(lb s . p er s q . i n . )
70,000-80,000
Y ie ld P o in t (lb s . p e r sq .
I n .) ....................................... 32,000-37,000
E lo n g a t io n % in 2 in c h e s
18-22
R e d . o f A rea % in 2
I n c h e s .....................................
16-20
B rin ell H a rd n ess 3000
K g . lo a d ..............................
137-149
"
Milwaukee,
cltv
E c^ u a J ^ "
INVESTIGATE
AMPCO
85
— T h e M a r k e t W eekIrregularities still persist in prices.
B oston — H ighw ay requirem ents
fo r C onnecticut approxim ate 1350
tons, mesh and bars, m ostly the fo r ­
mer. Sm all lot b u yin g is sustained
and better prices are attained on
this type o f business, the larger ton ­
nage transactions usually being done
on shaded prices.
N ew Y ork — Sewers and highw ays
account fo r the bulk o f rein forcin g
steel activity. Including mesh fo r
the latter, close to 6500 tons is being
figured.
N ew Jersey state’s re­
quirem ents have been w ell below
norm al this year due to the diver­
sion o f h igh w ay tax funds. The
price situation show s no im p rove­
ment, concessions o f $5 a ton or
m ore on even relatively sm all ton ­
nages being frequent.
Philadelphia — E xcluding state
projects, rein forcin g bar fabricators
are figuring on little w ork.
The
sm all am ount o f current private
w ork involves plant alterations and
additions
to
various
apartm ent
houses. R ail steel bars will be used
fo r L aurelton State V illage job.
B irm ingham , Ala. — R ein forcin g
awards have been especially light,
particularly in concrete bars. B ack­
logs, as in m ost other specifications,
are alm ost at the vanishing point.
San- F rancisco — M ost awards
w ere lots o f 25 to 80 tons totaling
on ly 1845 tons. This brou ght the
a ggregate fo r the year to 75,419
tons, com pared with 184,210 tons a
year ago. T he largest award went
to Bethlehem Steel Co. and in­
volved 345 tons fo r buildings at
Petaluma, Calif., fo r P oultry Producei’s o f Central California.
Seattle — N ew business is not
p rom ising and local mills are cu r­
tailing operations in line with re­
duced orders. Som e sm all tonnages
have been placed but awards o f over
100 tons are infrequent. Tonnages
pending include 1250 tons fo r the
Roza project, bids opened at Yakima,
W ash., Sept. 22.
R einforcing Steel A w a rd s
2000 tons, con tract 2, section 2, Queens
borough sewer, N ew York, to Jones &
Laughlin Steel Service, New York.
475 tons, foundations, Museum o f Modern
Art, N ew York, to Carroll-M cCreary
Inc., N ew York.
425 tons, office building and film la b o ­
ratory, M etro-G oldw yn-M ayer studios,
Culver City, Calif., to unnamed in­
terest.
400 tons, mesh, M erritt Parkw ay, Stam ­
ford and New Canaan, Conn., to Am er­
ican Steel & W ire Co., New York;
through New Haven Road Construc-
CROSBY o
STAMPINGS
R
tion Co., N ew Haven.
385 tons, mesh, M erritt Parkw ay, New
Canaan and N orwalk, Conn., to Am er­
ican Steel & W ire Co., New York;
through New H aven R oad C onstruc­
tion Co., New Haven.
370 tons, mesh and bars, M erritt P ark ­
w ay, Trum bull, Conn., to Truscon
Steel Co., Y oungstow n, O.; through
D. V. Frione & Co., New Haven, Conn.
370 tons, highw ay project RC 3911, Tioga
county, New York, to W ickw ire Spencer
Steel Co., New Y ork; through Connell
& Laub, Roscoe, N. Y.
345 tons, feed mill and w arehouse,
P oultry Producers o f Central Cali­
fornia, Petaluma, Calif., to Bethlehem
Steel Co., San Francisco.
275 tons, city w arehouse, Richm ond, V a ,
to Virginia Steel Co.
250 tons, generating plant, Ottaw a sta­
tion, Lansing Mich., to Truscon Steel
Co., Y oungstow n, O.
230
tons,
building,
B endix-A viation
Corp., Teterboro, N. J., to Bethlehem
Steel Corp., Bethlehem, Pa.
204 tons, bridges, Fairfield and W estport,
Conn., to Truscon Steel Co., Y ou n gs­
town, O.; through M ariani C onstruc­
tion Co., New Haven, Conn.
200 tons, garage, departm ent o f sani­
tation, Bergen Landing, Queens, N. Y.,
to Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem,
Pa.; through Stock Construction Co.,
New York.
200 tons, highw ay project RC 3910,
Livingston county, N ew York, to B eth­
lehem
Steel
Co.,
Bethlehem , Pa.;
through C. P. W ard Inc., Rochester,
N. Y.
200 tons, post office and cou rt house,
Paducah, Ky., to Laclede Steel Co.,
St. Louis; Algernon Blair, M ontgom ery,
Ala., general contractor.
192 tons, Western district high school,
Los Angeles, to Consolidated Steel
Corp., Los Angeles.
175 tons, grade elim ination, P en nsylva­
nia railroad, M ontour Falls, N. Y., to
Igoe Bros., New York.
150 tons, truck plant, Mound road near
D etroit, Chrysler Corp., to Truscon
Steel Co., Y oungstow n, O.
A l l our efforts h a v e
been concentrated on one
product — S T A M P IN G S —
for 40 years.
W e have
m ade stam pings, deep, in ­
tricate, heavy, light, large
and sm all, for nearly ev­
ery branch of industry.
130 tons, fa ctory building, L ibbey Glass
Co., Toledo, O., to H ausm an Steel Co.,
Toledo, O.
125 tons, post office, Miami Beach, Fla.,
to Connors Steel Co., Birm ingham ,
Ala.; A. Farnell Blair, Lake Charles,
La., general contractor.
120 tons, h ighw ay project RC 3907. On­
tario county, N ew York, to W ickw ire
Spencer Steel Co., N ew Y ork; Bcro
Engineering & Construction
Corp.,
North Tonaw anda, N. Y., general con ­
tractor.
Concrete A w a rd s C om pared
S ta m p in g Specialists Since 1896
An Experience Y ou Should Not Overlook
Send Us Y ou r Next Specification
THE CROSBY COMPANY
BUFFALO, N. Y .
N EW
86
YORK
—
C H IC A G O
—
P H IL A D E L P H IA
CLEVELAN D
Tons
7,621
W eek ended Sept. 2 5 ............
W eek ended Sept. 18 ...........
7,278
W eek ended Sept. 11 ........... 12,097
This week, 1936 ..................... 11,353
W eek ly arexage, 1936 ..........
6,005
W eek ly average, 1937 ...........
6,428
W eek ly average, A u g u s t ...
9,495
T otal to date, 1936 ............... 278,144
Total to date, 1937 ................. 250,686
Includes aw ards o f 100 tons or more.
/TEEL
— T h e M a r k e t Week100 tons, Lorain avenue grade elim ina­
tion, C uyahoga cou nty project 142,
Cleveland, to Builders Structural Steel
Co., Cleveland; C. B. M oon Co., C leve­
land, general con tractor.
100 tons, h ighw ay and grade separa­
tion, W estport and Fairfield, Conn., to
Truscon Steel Co., Y oungstow n, O.;
through Peter M itchell Inc., Green­
w ich, Conn.
100 tons, h ighw ay p roject RC 3909,
W estchester county,
New
York, to
W ickw ire Spencer Steel Co., N ew Y ork;
through A. E. O ttavlano Inc., Crotonon-H udson, N. Y.
100 tons, paving, Henry H udson bridge,
New
York, to Truscon Steel Co.,
Y oungstow n, O.; through
Cianciulli
Construction Co., N ew York.
R einforcing Steel Pending
1870 tons, sewer, con tra ct 3, p roject 2,
across Grand Central parkw ay e x ­
tension from proposed pierhead and
bulkhead line o f F lu shin g bay, Queens,
N. Y.; N icholas DiMinna & Sons, New
York, low ; bids Sept. 20.
1500 tons,
Chicago.
building,
Olson
Rug
Co.,
1400 tons, sew er con tra ct 2 o f project 1,
in third ward, Queens, N. Y.; bids
Oct. 4, president borou gh o f Queens.
1250 tons, R oza irrigation project, W ash ­
ington; bids in at Yakim a, W ash.
GOO tons, stores and cold storage build­
ing, fish pier, Gloucester, M ass.; bids
in.
525 tons, federal
City, Mo.
cou rt house, Kansas
500 tons, state bridges, Illin ois; bids
Oct. 1.
400 tons, additions to hospital, Selinsgrove, Pa.; bids Oct. 12.
275 tons, bridge, 105th street, Chicago.
265 tons, highw ay, route 6, section 10,
Cobbs corner to T rov Brook, Morris
county. New Jersey; bids Oct. 4, state
h ighw ay departm ent, Trenton.
220 tons. B lack Canyon. Idaho, recla m a ­
tion project; bids in at Boise, Idaho.
195 tons, highw ay, route 25, section 8D,
Elizabeth, N. J.; bids Oct. 4, state
h ighw ay departm ent, Trenton.
ISO tons, officers quarters, Governm ent
air depot, Sacram ento, Calif.; bids
opened.
179 tons, h igh w a y w ork in fo u r counties,
C alifornia; bids Oct. 6.
175 tons, dam, M ontana P ow er Co., P oi­
son, Mont.
172 tons, fo u r bridges in M ontezum a
and D olores county, C olorado; bids
Oct. 1.
150 tons, bridge, over Sau gatu ck river,
W estport, Conn.
139 tons, tw o bridges, Marin county,
C alifornia; bids opened.
132 tons, irrigation project, R aym ondviile, Tex.
130 tons, post office, Evanston, 111.
123 tons, deform ed steel bars and steel
piles, 32 tons latter, M erritt parkw ay
section and grade separation at B ayberry Lane, W estport Fairfield, Conn.;
Peter M itchell Inc., Greenwich, Conn.,
con tra ct at $302,217.75.
100 tons, bars and shapes, 3-span I-beam
overpass and approaches, route U. S.
2, Richm ond, Vt.; bids Oct. 1, H. E.
Sargent, com m isisoner o f highw ays,
Montpelier, Vt.
100 tons, state bridge, Franklin county,
Idaho; O lof Nelson, Logan, Utah, gen­
eral con tractor.
100 tons, bridge, Thurston County, W ash ­
Septem ber 27, 1937
ington; Cornell & Co., Tacom a, general
contractor.
100 tons, addition to Security m arket
garage, Seattle; B ailey Construction
Co., Seattle, general contractor.
100 tons, dorm itory, Lehigh University,
Bethlehem, Pa.
100 tons, w ater nitration plant, M arys­
ville, Mich.
Pig Iron
I*ig: I r o n P r i c e s , P a g e 74
P ittsburgh — A gg reg a te p ig iron
dem and continues sluggish, and sell­
ers are actively solicitin g business.
W ith Septem ber near an end, it ap­
pears shipm ents will sh ow no great
gain over A ugu st m ovem ent, con ­
tra ry to earlier expectations. One
adverse fa cto r has been slum p in
railroad equipm ent buying, w hich
in turn has been reflected in re ­
duced p ig iron dem and fro m som e
foundries. T he easier tone and the
recent drop in scrap prices have
eiim inated ail talk o f any possible
p rice advance.
Cleveland — A u to foundries have
increased requirem ents m oderately,
although demand from other chan­
nels rem ains practically unchanged
with little interest in contracting
o t
e v e
fo r fou rth quarter. Sales and sh ip­
m ents this m onth are equal to
A ugust. Little change is anticipated
soon except a gradual increase fro m
autom otive sources. A ll talk o f a
possible advance in prices during
fou rth quarter has disappeared w ith
recent recession in scrap m arket
quotations.
Chicago— P ig iron consum ers are
taking shipm ents at steady rate,
with m ovem ent w ell ahead o f de­
liveries a month ago. Pickup in ship­
m ents is restricted to a certain ex­
tent b y failu re o f fo u n d ry opera­
tions in som e industries to increase
as rapidly as expected. N ew p ig
iron business is quiet, consum ers
gen erally having covered fo r bal­
ance o f the year. The m arket is firm
at $24, furnace, fo r N o. 2 fou n d ry
and malleable.
B oston — P ig iron buying this
m onth is ahead o f A ugust, but with
the fou rth quarter at hand, cov er­
ing has been som ew h at b elow earlier
estimates.
M any consum ers arc
m arking tim e with the situation
rather m ixed. E xp ort shipm ents
have been active, close to 7400 tons
in less than 10 days, but new foreig n
inquiry less. Several larger con ­
sum ers with stocks to carry them
w ell into next year are revising
their ideas as to buying enough to
c ■t / ,e a n i n
t
9
/
' o ( t ---------
W H E E L A B R A T O R !
F o u r WHEELABRATOR a p p lic a tio n s a re illu stra te d :
a T a b la s t lor p ro d u c tio n c le a n in g ol p a rts n o t s u it­
a b le to tu m bling; a T u m b la st lor ra p id c le a n in g ol
m is c e lla n e o u s c a s tin g s , lo rg in g s a n d p ie c e s irom
h a ll a n o u n c e to 300 p o u n d s; a U tility C a b in e t for
h a n d lin g s in g le p ie c e s a n d c a s tin g s s e c u re d to
ru n n e rs; a n d a S p e c ia l C a b in e t lo r c le a n in g
m e d iu m to la r g e size p a rts , s h e e ts , b a r s , tu b e s , e tc .
N o m a tte r w h a t y o u r c le a n in g jo b m a y b e , th e re
is a WHEELABRATOR d e s ig n e d for th e jo b — a
WHEELABRATOR th a t w ill c u t c le a n in g c o sts u p to
50% — in c re a s e p ro d u c tio n — im prove th e finish
a n d g e n e r a lly re d u c e c le a n in g room o v e rh e a d .
B ring y o u r s p e c ia l c le a n in g p ro b le m s to A m e ric a n e n g in e e r s . T h eir exp<e n e n c e is u n e q u a le d a n d th e ir re c o m m e n d a tio n s a re a v a ila b le to y o u w ith'out
o b lig a tio n on y o u r p a rt.
T H E AM ERICAN FOU N DRY EQ U IP M EN T COM PANY
509 So. Byrkit St., Mishawaka, Indiana
M ak e rs ol A b ra siv e B last E q u ip m e n t for e v e ry m e ta l c le a n in g o p e ra tio n — d u s tu b e
D u st C o lle cto rs, S a n d C u tte rs , a n d o th e r fo u n d ry a n d in d u s tria l e q u ip m e n ts .
87
— The M arket W eek—
m aintain such stocks, or at least arc
w aiting lon ger than expected.
N ew Y ork — P ig iron buying in car­
load and under 100-ton lots is
steady w ithout m uch gain in ton­
n age booked. Such volum e centers
m ostly with foundries which as a
rule are operating with relatively
sm aller stocks than the steel plants
served by sellers in this district.
M ost o f the latter have good stocks
on hand and are buying slow ly.
W h ile shipm ents against old foreign
orders continue active, new inquiry
fo r export has slumped.
Philadelphia— Shipments against
contracts are holding up in excellent
volum e, although new business so
fa r has failed to sh ow im provem ent
as consum ers have little incentive
to m ake additional com m itm ents.
W ith scrap show ing fu rth er w eak­
ness and foreign inquiry not active,
prospects are less prom ising fo r a
fou rth quarter advance. How ever,
since it has weathered low er offers
from abroad and it is pointed out
that the proposed 10 per cent ad­
vance in freight rates now under
consideration w ould increase cost
about $1 per ton better business is
expected soon. Order backlogs are
being pared down and fu rth er buy­
ing is considered necessary.
B uffalo— M ixed tendencies prevail
in pig iron demand. Im provem ent is
expected soon in shipments as
foundries have been operating re­
cently on inventories now being de­
pleted. Shipments currently about
equal to last year and slightly ahead
o f August.
Cincinnati— Shipments o f pig iron,
except fo r autom obile parts, have
tapered, with lighter demand m ost
prom inent in job b in g foundries. In
som e cases iron inventories are ade­
quate to provide fo r the melt fo r
a fe w weeks. Quarter requirements
are on ly partly covered by contracts,
but interest in new com m itm ents
has dulled.
St. Louis — N ew buying o f pig
iron is relatively light and confined
to sm all tonnages fo r spot delivery.
Shipm ents during the first three
weeks o f Septem ber were about on
a parity with August. The melt has
picked up m oderately, after reced­
ing in late A ugust and early this
month.
B irm ingham , Ala. —- P ig iron re­
mains steady with active buying
though not in large quantity. Sev­
enteen furnaces are in operation
with one down fo r relining. Ship­
ments are fa irly well maintained
against contract, and not m uch iron
is being stocked. Tennessee Coal,
Iron & R ailroad Co. has seven fu r ­
naces in production; Sloss-Sheffield,
fo u r ; W oodw ard Iron Co. three and
R epublic Steel Corp., three.
Toronto, Ont.— M erchant pig iron
sales are m oving steadily upward
with awards fo r the week reported
at approxim ately 2200 tons. Awards
range from a car to 500 tons with
fou n dry iron sales totaling around
1600 tons and malleable, 600 tons.
Producers are opening books fo r
fourth quarter contracts and it is
stated som e inquiries already have
been received. It is expected book ­
ing fo r the com ing quarter will
reach a record fo r the year. In
addition som e larger melters are
taking in iron on spot delivery ac­
count to carry them through to the
H A N N A PIG IRON
T H E H A N N A F U R N A C E C O R P O R A T IO N
M ERCH AN T
B u f fa lo
S8
P IG
D e tro it
IR O N
D IV IS IO N
OF
N ew Y ork
N A T IO N A L
STEEL
C O R P O R A T IO N
P h ila d e lp h ia
B o s to n
yea r’s end, while hand-to-mouth
buyers are in the m arket at fr e ­
quent intervals.
Prices are firm
and unchanged.
Scrap
Scrap Prices, Page 7G
Pittsburgh— As the result o f a
moderate-sized sale o f N o. 1 heavy
m elting steel to the leading mill con ­
sumer, the market is down $2 a ton
to $18.50 to $19. The transaction was
quite plainly an attem pt to establish
the market, due to the fa ct no mill
buying had occurred fo r nearly three
weeks. Actually, the consum er had
little need fo r the material. R ailroad
heavy melting, railroad specialties,
and other grades are down. Dealers
appear unwilling to g o sh ort on any
tonnage at the present quotations,
but in view o f the reduced activity
o f steelworks in this district, mills
may prefer to buy only lightly until
the fall outlook is fu rth er clarified.
Cleveland — Dullness in actual
trading, stricter em bargoes against
shipments in som e directions and
sym pathetic weakness from a d ja­
cent areas have com bined to beat
down quotations. Based upon som e
small tonnage transactions and the
usual relationships they now are
down by $1 to $1.50 a ton. Still
the Cleveland m arket rem ains inac­
tive, buyers apparently not show ing
interest in offerings.
Chicago— Scrap is w eaker and
m ost prices are off $1. H eavy m elt­
ing steel to a certain extent is n om ­
inal at $16.50 to $17, a decline o f $1,
though sellers are able to pick up
this grade at $16.50, with som e lots
goin g fo r less. Consum ers generally
are not interested in new purchases
and unless mill demand appears
shortly, the trade anticipates still
low er prices.
B oston— W ith buying less active
fo r both dom estic and dock delivery,
scrap prices have weakened fu r ­
ther, with grades which have resist­
ed the general trend during the last
two weeks declining. In the latter
class are cast grades fo r N ew E n g­
land foundries. H eavy m elting steel
fo r export slipped to $17.50, dock,
fo r No. 1 with $16.50 paid fo r No.
2, both being su bject to fu rth er
pressure. Boat loading has dropped
and little No. 2 cast fo r exp ort is
being bought. M ost grades fo r N ew
England delivery are low er, also fo r
Eastern Pennsylvania and other ou t­
side points, although dem and is
light.
N ew Y ork — W eakness continues
in m ost grades, especially heavy
m elting steel, which fo r export has
dropped to $16. F or dom estic ship/TE EL
— T h e M a r k e t W eek m ent the decline has been even m ore
m arked, to $15.50, f.o.b. cars. Stove
plate and old com pressed sheets fo r
exp ort are low er but N o. 2 cast
holds steady. Cast grades fo r carloading are off 50 cents, as are grate
bars and stove plate. D om estic buy­
ing and shipm ents to eastern mills
are alm ost at a standstill.
On
m eager shipm ents m ills are ch eck ­
ing specifications m ore carefully
and rejection s appear to be above
the average.
Philadelphia— T he scrap market
show s fui'ther w eakness, with lead­
ing consum ers m ostly out o f the
m arket. T he situation is com plicat­
ed by a strike o f truck drivers and
helpers in Philadelphia, involving
production o f 6000 to 8000 tons o f
m aterial each week. No. 1 steel is
n ow quoted at $18.50 and it is said
a low er price m ight develop on
offers. The leading steelw orks con ­
sum er has dropped its offerin g price
on N o. 1 to $16.50, delivered. The
entire list is dow n 50 cents or moi'e.
A dditional in form ation reveals that
the recent purchase o f 250,000 tons
o f scrap by the E uropean cartel
brought $21.50, up $2.50 from the
purchase som e six w eeks previou s­
ly.
It is understood the higher
price takes into consideration the
cancellation Oct. 1 o f special low er
freigh t rates on exported material.
This means export scrap will pay
the sam e rates as dom estic con su m ­
ers.
Buffalo— A fu rth er drop o f 50
cents a ton in scrap has been re g ­
istered as the stalem ate o f the last
three w eeks w as broken. The lead­
ing consum er returned to the m ar­
ket w ith bids o f $18 to $18.50 a ton
fo r N o. 1 heavy m elting material
w ith the $2 differential posted on
No. 2. W hile no outstanding volum e
sales were reported several indi­
vidual 1000-ton lots changed hands.
Detroit— P rices
on
nearly
all
grades o f scrap are o ff 50 cents and
som e, stove plate and sh ort shovel­
in g turnings fo r exam ple, are down
$1 per ton. P roduction o f scrap
locally is m ounting and current lists
are brin gin g low er prices. One steel
producer here is reported to be
quietly laying in extra tonnage o f
scrap in anticipation o f expanding
production shortly.
Cincinnati— Iron and steel scrap
is off another 50 cents, and even at
low ered prices mills rem ain out o f
the m arket. W here m aterial is not
being taken fo r coverage on con ­
tracts, prices quoted are even low ­
er, in a generally s o ft market.
Considerable tonnage on dealers'
yards, held fo r higher prices during
the upturn, now form s a drag in the
situation.
St. Louis— W eakness still dom i­
nates in the m arket fo r iron and
Septem ber 27, 1937
steel scrap, with indications holding
little hope fo r im m ediate betterm ent.
Purchasing by m elters has dwindled
to insignificant proportions, and
both mills and fou n dries intim ate
that they w ill n ot increase com m it­
ments until the general situation is
clarified. M eanwhile m elters are
taking in all scrap due on contracts,
and operations have not receded in
notable degree.
B irm ingham , Ala. — N o change
in the scrap m arket is evident over
the past week. Dem and has eased
considerably from the peak o f a fe w
weeks ago, and large buyers have
shaved their offerin gs fo r heavy
m elting. R epublic Steel Corp., la rg ­
est Southern buyer, probably will
return to the m arket late this
m onth or early next.
Seattle— T here is practically no
turnover at the m om ent, ex cep t o c ­
casional lots purchased by steel fo u n ­
dries. The m ills are ou t o f the m a r­
ket and conditions in the Orient p ro­
hibit m ovem ent across the Pacific.
T idew ater stocks are heavy and deal­
ers are discou ragin g fu rth er ship­
ments from the interior. T here have
been no substantial sales on which
prices can be based.
T oronto, Ont.— T radin g in iron and
steel scrap is in g ood volum e. Steel
mills in the H am ilton district are
taking scrap on contract and there
is good m ovem ent o f steel grades.
R ailroads have started to offer
scrap and it is stated that large
tonnages will be throw n on the m ar­
ket this fall, the greater part o f
which w ill be absorbed b y mills
w ithout passing through the hands
o f dealers. Foundries and electric
fu rn a ce operators are in the m ar­
ket and there is a g ood demand fo r
iron scrap. M achinery cast and stove
plate are ligh tly held and consum ers
are h avin g difficulty in obtaining
scrap fo r spot needs. N ew scrap
o ffe rs are limited, dealers state, and
little m aterial is com ing fro m rural
districts.
W arehouse
W arehouse Prices, Page 75
Pittsburgh— W arehouse sales fo r
Septem ber com pare fa vorably with
A ugust. Dem and has been light re­
cently, and is w ell below the level
o f the peak m onths earlier this year.
C onsum ers are well stocked and
w arehouses’ supplies are in fair
shape, although certain sizes have
been running low, as usual. In som e
quarters it is reported structurals
have been holding up well, with
som e good-sized orders placed this
m onth fo r industrial repair w ork.
Cleveland — Shipm ents out o f
w arehouse have held on a par with
A ugu st so fa r this m onth and in
som e instances a m oderate im p rove­
m ent has been noted. W ith deliver­
ies fr o m m ills on all products great­
ly im proved there has not been the
incentive to purchase from w are­
house stock as earlier this year.
Prices rem ain firm, with on ly a
m inim um o f shading by sm aller
dealers.
Philadelphia— The situation in the
w arehouse trade is irregular, with
som e interests reporting a fa ir v o l­
um e o f business and others con-
NEW-BETTER
HOMMELAYA
PROCESS
of
Vitreous Enameling
T he greatest developm ent in the Porcelain En am elin g in ­
du stry in the p ast centu ry is here— proved—accepted.
1) Produces a perfect P orcelain En am el finish w ith only
ONE coat and ONE fire!
2) C uts enam eling costs by on e-th ird !
3) Reduces possible chippin g to an absolu te m in im u m !
4) Produces a B E T T E R finish in ONE coat than regu lar
enam el in two coats!
5) Ware m ay be finished in an y color desired!
W rite us TO D A Y an d learn m ore abo u t this NEW, B E T ­
T E R , IN E X P E N SIV E m ethod o f Porcelain En am elin g.
THE O. H O M M E L C O M P A N Y
209 FOURTH A V E N U E , PITTSBURGH, P A . • NEW Y O R K OFFICE
42f SEVENTH A V E N U E • FA C TO RY, C A R N EG IE, P E N N S Y L V A N IA
89
— The M arket W eek—
tinued quiet. In general the larger
orders received a le w weeks ago
have practically disappeared because
o f better mill deliveries.
B uffalo— W ith bu yin g failin g to
sh ow expected im provem ent, w a re­
house distributors doubt sales will
keep pace with first h alf o f year.
M anufacturing and building prod­
ucts are in p oor demand. Gradual
pickup is show n in m inor specifica­
tions fav orin g alloy and stainless
steel.
Detroit-—Sales o f iron and steel
out o f store sh ow little variation
fro m the steady level o f sum m er
months. T o offset slight drop in
general business there has been a
spurt in buying fo r autom obile
plants w here rearrangem ents and
alterations have required som e ton­
nage.
O utlook fo r next quarter is uncer­
tain, som e w arehouse interests lean­
ing tow ard the bearish side, feeling
a corrective m ovem ent will carry
business low er this fall, despite o p ­
tim istic predictions o f autom obile
m anufacturers.
W arehouse prices
are unchanged fo r fou rth quarter.
Cincinnati— Sales from w arehouse
are near levels attained in August,
w ith no appearance o f the custom ary
seasonal upturn. Only sm all lots o f
building items are m oving. Indus­
trial inquiries have increased, pos­
sibly a foreru n n er o f heavier de­
mand.
St. Louis — Sales o f steel from
w arehouses
are
holding
fairly
steady, but im provem ent looked fo r
after the m iddle o f the month has
failed to m aterialize in expected
volum e. General disposition is to
purchase fo r im m ediate require­
m ents only, and consum ers are using
inventories before m aking addition­
al com m itm ents. Railroad buying is
confined chiefly to shop supplies and
fill-in track materials. Som e expan­
sion is noted in buying by the bitu­
m inous coal mines, including light
rails and plates. Building material
items are quiet.
Steel In Europe
F o r e i g n S te e l P r ic e s , P a g e
75
L o n d o n — ( By ca b le) — Pi g iron
supplies are slightly easier, espe­
cially hematite. Seven thousand
tons o f Canadian steelm aking iron
has been received here. Som e Brit­
ish hematite has been shipped to
A ustralia and Denm ark. Sem ifin­
ished steel supplies are im proving
but their position still is stringent,
forcin g rerollers to w ork interm it­
tently. The European steel cartel
will supply 15,000 tons extra wire
rods to Great Britain.
The Continent reports export m ar­
kets are uncertain, but w orks are
well occupied and autumn revival is
expected soon. Belgium ’s dom estic
trade is expanding.
Sem ifinished
S e m ifin is h e d P r ic e s , P a g o 73
W hile demand fo r semifinished
products has m oderated since m id­
sum m er, due to lighter requirem ents
o f finishing mills, production still
is fa irly well maintained in this dis­
iW IR E „
A llo y Spring W ire
The demand for SENECA Quality Special Spring
Wire is increasing rapidly.
We are prepared to meet all demands.
We can supply practically all grades in rounds and
I a r ir f'
and sizes from
to .0 0 4 .
HIGHEST QUALITY GUARANTEED
P lease sen d y o u r in q u iries w ith sp ecifica tion s
The Seneca W ire & M fg . Company
FO S TO R IA ,
O H IO
E s ta b lis h e d 32 Y ea rs
90
Iron O re
I r o n O r e P r ic e s , P a g e ” •>
Special Carbon and
o n A r to
trict. Bookings so fa r this m onth
are running approxim ately 30 per
cent under the com parable period
in August. Suspensions or cancel­
lations have been negligible. Billets
and wire rods are m oving well.
Prices are steady.
Cleveland— Stocks o f iron ore at
the low er lakes ports and furnaces
Sept. 1, were approxim ately 7,200,000 tons m ore than on the com p ar­
able date last year, reflecting the
marked increase in the Lake S u ­
perior iron ore m ovem ent this year.
The Lake Superior Iron Ore asso­
ciation’s report follow s:
Tons
Consumed in July ................... 5,236,487
Consumed in August ............... 5,373,264
Increase in August .................
136,777
Consumed in August, 1936. .. . 3,968,845
On hand at furnaces Sept. 1. . 30,861,483
On Lake Erie docks Sept. 1. . 4,481,726
T otal on hand at furnaces and
Lake Erie docks Sept. 1. .. . 35,343,209
Reserve total Sept, 1, 1936. . . 28,157,694
The m ovem ent from the upper
lakes is beginning to slow down,
a fter proceeding fo r five m onths
prior to Sept. 1 at a pace never
before equaled in the history o f
Great Lakes shipping. T he m ov e­
m ent reached its peak in A ugu st
when 10,811,381 gross tons w ere
shipped from the upper lake ports.
It is said that the heavy m ovem ent
has loaded stock piles at low er lake
docks and furnaces alm ost to capac­
ity and fo r the first tim e this season
has caused a noticeable reduction in
the Am erican ore fleet in com m is­
sion.
In a report issued by M. A. Hanna
Co., Cleveland, the fleet in com m is­
sion on Sept. 15 num bered 307, co m ­
pared with the capacity total o f 311
on Aug. 15. On the sam e day last
year only 247 out o f an available
315 vessels were in the ore trade.
H ym an -M ich a e ls Co. Buys
Railway fo r Scrapping
Hyman-M ichaels Co., Chicago, has
acquired fo r $100,000 the abandoned
Buffalo-Niagara
Falls
high-speed
line o f the International R ailw ay
Co. at public aution, fo r scrap. D em ­
olition o f the line is scheduled to be
com pleted by Dec. 15. Included in
the sale are approxim ately 2376 tons
o f steel rails, 76 tons o f which are
considered scrap, the rem ainder
suitable fo r street railw ay relayers.
Copper trolley wire totaling m ore
than 29,000 pounds, feeder cable
w eighing 38,300 pounds and m ore
than 1000 tons o f steel contained in
the overhead towers were also sold.
/TEEL
— The M a rket W eek—
M ¡rrors of M o t o r d o m
( Concluded fro m P a g e 26)
P lym outh is expanding its com m er­
cial car pi'oduction, and it is under­
stood to be ready to m ove into the
present D odge truck plant when
the latter transfers to the new
M ound road location around the first
c - the year.
The new B riggs plant on M ound
road, announced in the news co l­
umns o f S t e e l last week, confirm s
B rigg s’ threat to m anufacture its
ow n body m oldings and other parts
n ow received from M otor Products,
follow in g collapse o f m erger n eg o­
tiations between these tw o co m ­
panies. A stute follow ers o f the D e­
troit scene have turned bearish on
M otor Products, w hereas a fe w
m onths ago they had already fitted
the com pan y neatly into the expand­
in g B riggs picture.
The B riggs
structure at the city lim its will be
150 by 700 feet, with m on itor roof,
tw o stories high, with a cranew ay
across one end. It is being rushed
to com pletion and will be ready fo r
m an u factu rin g by Jan. 1.
E CO ND - GU ESSERS with E u ro­
pean connections are w ondering
w hether the lines o f the n ew F ord
“ ten,” recently introduced in Britain,
m ay su ggest w hat is in store fo r
F ord in this country. F ord o f E n g ­
land m akes tw o sm all cars, on ap­
proxim ately 94-inch w heelbase, a
“ ten” and an “ eight,” as well as the
larger “ 22" and “ 30.” T he figures
refer to h orsepow er and not num ber
o f cylinders. The latter tw o co rre ­
spond to the “ 60” and “ 85” in this
country.
The F ord “ ten” is naturally a rath­
er stubby-appearing car. H eadlam ps
are m ounted on the fenders. H ood
louvres com prise
six horizontal
vents in a parallelogram -shaped
fram e trim m ed in bright metal. The
radiator grille slopes at an angle o f
about 25 degrees with the vertical;
view ed from the fron t, it com prises
three parallel vertical sections, each
trim m ed in brigh t m etal strips. The
side o f the bod y carries a stream ­
line “ crease” sim ilar to that on the
Chevrolet, w hich sw eeps across the
cow l and part o f the fron t door.
"T h e bonnet,” states the literature
on this new est D agenham offspring,
“ is secured b y easily-operated fasten­
ers, elim inating rattles.”
S
N on ferro u s M e ta ls
N onferrous M etal Prices, Page 74
N ew Y ork — D om estic nonferrou s
m etal m arkets weakened last w eek
due to a com bination o f unfavorable
developm ents including a decline in
Septem ber 27, 1937
prices abroad, light consum er de­
mand, and uncertainties in the ou t­
look fo r general business as reflected
in the weak secu rity m arkets.
C opper— E xp ort dropped to 12.85c,
c.i.f. E uropean ports ,the low est level
attained in several m onths. E lectro­
lytic held at 14.00c, Connecticut, al­
though offerin gs o f resale metal at
13.12’¿ c w ere not absorbed.
Red
m etal scrap declined $5 per ton w hile
brass ingots declined $10 per ton on
all base prices except No. 1 yellow
which declined $5 per ton.
•Lead— P rices declined $5 per ton
on F riday to the basis o f 6.25c, N ew
York, and 6.10c, East St. L ouis. St.
Joseph Lead Co. continued to quote
SI prem ium on certain brands in the
East. Lead sheet, pipe, oxide, and
scrap prices declined $5 per ton in
line with the prim ary market. B uy­
ing w as not stim ulated b y the reduc­
tion in prices.
Zinc— P rim e western held at 7.25c,
E ast St. Louis, although the differ­
ential on brass special was low'ered
to $2 fr o m $5, o r to a price o f 7.35c,
E ast St. Louis. Fresh demand was
dull due to lim ited offerin gs and w ell
bought position o f consum ers.
Tin— Straits tin prices held up well
until F riday w hen a severe break in
the L ondon m arket caused a sharp
drop here to 57.87 %c, the low est level
quoted since early in July.
Equipment
P ittsburgh— S uperior Steel C orp.’s
tw o new 30-inch cold mills have
been awarded to E. W . Bliss Co.
The mills, one a four-high and the
other a two-high, are designed to
run both stainless and carbon grades
and will be housed in buildings o f
discontinued h ot mills at Carnegie,
Pa. Present plans call fo r units to
be in operation next April. A nneal­
ing furnaces, slitters, pickling and
other auxiliary equipm ent are yet to
be awarded. Superior at its Car­
negie plant is now erecting a $25,000 tw o-story firep roof office build­
ing.
W estinghouse E lectric & M fg. Co.
has increased prices on sm all and
m edium -size turbine gen erator units.
H agan
Corp.,
Pittsburgh,
an­
nounces receipt o f an order through
R ust F urn ace Co. fo r a com plete
com bustion control with furnace
pressure, gas pressure and air-gas
ratio con trol to be installed on a re­
generative soak in g pit in the plant
o f Otis Steel Co., Cleveland, accord­
ing to E. W . W agenseil, general sales
m anager.
Cleveland — Bardons & Oliver,
Cleveland, are low on the bulk
o f turret lathes included in navy
inquiry fo r m achine tools fo r P en ­
sacola, Fla., station, closed last
week. A bout 30 tools are in the
list, including engine lathes, p re­
cision lathes, radial drills, shapers,
grinders and m iscellaneous equ ip­
ment.
Seattle— L a b or troubles are re­
tarding bu yin g b y lum bering and
m aritim e interests but other items
are still in fa ir demand, particular­
ly electrical and road m aintenance
equipm ent. P uget Sound navy yard
has called bids Sept. 29 fo r fu rn ish ­
ing 125,000 feet o f cable.
ELECTRIC TRAVELING CRANES
1 TO
450
TONS
CAPACITY
Every Detail of
the Most
A d v a n c e d Design
s
HEPARD NILE
CRANE & HOIST CORP.
S
A Com plete
Line of
C ran e s an d
358 SCHUYLER AVENUE, MONTOUR FALLS, N.Y.
91
construction o f a factory addition In
D etroit for the M otor T ool M fg. Co.,
12281 Turner street.
C o n s tru c tio n
Ohio
BLOOMVILLE, O.— V illage w ill take
bids shortly fo r w aterw orks system, for
which PWA has approved grant o f $30,150, out o f total estim ated cost o f $56,000. Champe, Finkbeiner and Associates,
N icholas building, Toledo, O., are engi­
neers.
BUCYRUS, O.— City plans construction
BA SIC
E L E C T R IC STEEL
FO R G IN G S
E n te rp rise
o f sew age disposal plant, on which bids
w ill be taken soon. Estim ated cost $140,000. F. G. Browne, Marlon, O., is engi­
neer.
CIRCLE VILLE, O.— City
w ill soon
take bids for sewage treatment plant.
PW A has approved grant o f $61,000 out
o f total cost o f $136,000. F. G. Brown,
Marion, O., engineer.
CLEVELAND— H arshaw Chemical Co.,
C. Parker In charge o f construction, 1945
East Ninety-seventh street, w ill erect an
extension to its plant. Estim ated cost
$250,000.
Pennsylvania
CINCINNATI— General
Spring
Co.,
McMicken avenue and W alnut street,
plans erection o f a one-story factory
building, costing $21,920.
PITTSBURGH— McCann Shields Paint
Co., 27 Alexander avenue, plans to con ­
struct a factory.
H. H. Cahoon, 337
Boulevard o f the Allies, Pittsburgh, is
architect. Cost estim ated at $40,000.
DAYTON, O.— National Cash R egister
Co. expects to build a new unit here
costing $800,000, including machinery.
EDON, O.— Contracts will be lot soon
for w aterw orks system, costing $48,000.
PWA has approved grant o f $19,363.
C. J. Simon, Van Wert, O., is engineer
NAPOLEON, O.— City, board o f pub­
lic affairs, Earl W irick, clerk, will take
bids Oct. 11 for ligh t plant addition and
Improvements. Froehlich & Emery, Sec­
ond National Bank building, Toledo, 0 .4
consulting engineers.
Michigan
BESSEMER, MICH.— City has received
$1S7,500 PW A loan and grant for erec­
tion o f a municipal ligh t and power
plant and for installation o f two 320! kilow att diesel engine generators, eleci trical distribution system , etc. W alter
j Makl is city clerk.
Carbon, A lloy, Corrosion
R e s i s t a n t an d S p e c ia l
S t e e ls S m o o th F o r g e d ,
Hollow Bored, Rough or
Finished M achined, Heat
T reated to Specifications
...Forgin g Q uality Ingots,
P r e s s e d or H a m m e re d
Billets.
Die Blocks & P iston Rods
BRIGHTON, MICH.— Brighton-Advance
j Corp., 222 Grand River avenue, has been
i incorporated with $50,000 capital stock
[ to deal in metal stampings, by Edmund
! Nolan, Detroit.
NATIONAL FORGE AND
ORDNANCE COMPANY
DETROIT— Parker R ust P roof Co.,
I 2177 East M ilwaukee avenue, Detroit,
has let con tract to Essllnger-M isch Co.,
Detroit, for an addition and alterations
to its fa ctory building.
I R V I N E , W A R R E N C OU NT Y , PE NNA.
DETROIT— R. H. Neubrecht, 10043
Maplelawn avenue, Detroit, architect, is
taking figures on separate trades for
92
MENOMINEE, MICH.— City council is
considering plans by R obert Cram er &
Sons, consulting engineers, 647 W est
Virginia street, Milwaukee, fo r prim ary
sewage treatment plant estim ated to
cost $245,000, and secondary treatm ent
plant estimated to cost $312,000. A u gust
Siegel is city clerk.
AMBRIDGE, PA.— A prelim inary sur­
vey has been made for construction o f
w aterw orks system, costing a bou t $282,000.
P. F. Loftus, Oliver building,
Pittsburgh, is engineer.
KENTON, O.—City, W. C. Bopp, mayor,
will have com plete plans ready about
Oct. 1 for erection o f w aterw orks addi­
tion and softening equipment. T w o deep
w ell pumps and one high lift pump,
niters, w ater tanks, etc., w ill be in ­
stalled. Estimated cost $45,000.
BASIC ELECTRIC
STEEL
KALAMAZOO, MICH.— A utom atic B u f­
fing Corp., 417 Pitcher street, has been
organized
to m anufacture autom atic
buffing machines, by W illiam G. Balz,
Kalam azoo.
CLEVELAND— Brewing Corp. o f Am er­
ica,, S. T. Creighton, secretary, 9400
Quincy avenue, plans to build a bottling
plant and ferm entation building at a
total cost o f about $200,000.
GALION, O.— Bids will be taken soon
for sewage disposal plant, costing $90,000. PWA has granted $40,000. P. A.
Uhlman, 2083 Dayton street, Columbus,
O., is engineer.
N .F .& O .B a sicE le ctricS teelp rod u ced under
rigid m etallurgical con trol is an im portant
quality factor in the ultim ate forged product
GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.— Keeler Brass
Co., Grand Rapids, has awarded general
con tract to H. H auser Construction Co.,
Grand Rapids, for erection o f an addi­
tion to its factory building.
DETROIT— J. A. Utley, 729 Penobscot
tower, Detroit, has been awarded con■ tract for alterations to the fa ctory of
American Brass Co., located on M cKlnstrey avenue, here.
DETROIT— Rodney W elch Industries'
Inc., 26548 S ch oolcraft avenue, has been
form ed with $10,000 capital to deal in
steel .tools by Rodney R. W elch.
PITTSBURGH— Owner, care o f G. P.
McKinney, architect, 927 Fulton build­
ing, Pittsburgh, w ill build a pottery
plant in New Brighton, O., estim ated to
cost $50,000.
READING, PA.— S. S ych lcrz has had
plans prepared by W. M. High, 230
North Sixth street, for a on e-story dairy
products plant. Cost to exceed $40,000,
w ith equipment. W ill purchase trans­
mission and' con veyin g equipment.
Illinois
CHICAGO— Atchison, Topeka & Santa
Fe R ailroad Co., 179 W est Jackson boule­
vard, plans one-story, 43 x 9 0 -foot pow er
house, costing $40,000. G. W. Harris, 80
East Jackson boulevard, is engineer.
RAMSEY, ILL.— Village, care o f A. M.
Froom, president o f board o f villa g e
trustees, will build a new pump house
and install pum ping equipment.
PW A
grant has been allotted.
W AVERLY, ILL.— F. O. Brown, m ayor,
is h aving plans drawn for w aterw orks
and distribution system , also sanitary
sew age system , for w hich PW A has
allotted $81,000. W. A. Fuller Co., 2916
Shenandoah avenue, St. Louis, is en gi­
neer.
Connecticut
PORTLAND, CONN.— R ogers & H ub­
bard are m aking plans for rebuilding
fertilizer plant and replacing equipm ent
destroyed by lire recently.
STAMFORD, CONN.— Vick Chemical
Co. has purchased 18 acres in Springdale,
a suburb o f Stam ford for erection o f
large factory. T otal expenditure esti­
mated at $2,000,000.
New York
BATAVIA, N. Y.— D oehler Die C ast­
ing Co., 386 Fourth avenue, N ew York,
plans constructing plant here fo r m ak­
ing brass and m agnesium castings. Cost
to exceed $100,000.
BUFFALO— N ational Gypsum Co., Buf ­
falo, plans to con stru ct a plant fo r
m anufacture o f insulating fiber board in
Mobile', Ala., estim ated to cost $1,000 , 000 .
ROME, N, Y.— Rom e Cable Corp. plans
/ TEEL
— C o n s tr u c tio n and E n terp rise—
building plant addition, cost o f w hich
w ill exceed $40,000.
Indiana
■ COLUMBIA CITY,
IND. — Colum bia
Froducts Co. w ill build a new plant,
costing a bou t $60,000.
EAST CHICAGO, IND.— A. R ooney,
chairm an o f board o f public w orks, will
soon receive bids bn w aterw orks im ­
provem ents, including special m ixing
equipm ent and m echanical feed m a­
chines.
R. N. M oore & Co. Inc., In­
dianapolis, is engineer.
Louisiana
BATON ROUGE, LA.— H. C. Leonard,
president. Baton R ouge E lectric Co., and
execu tive head o f Louisiana Steam Gen­
erating Corp., 329 F lorida street, an­
nounces expansion program in volvin g
approxim ately $3,000,000, in cluding $2,800,000 addition to plant and in sta lla ­
tion o f 15,000-kilowatt boiler.
NEW ORLEANS— H arry Brothers, 3505
South C arrollton avenue, has purchased
a site on Carrollton avenue and will
spend $200,000 fo r plant Improvements.
Virginia
Maryland
BALTIM ORE— In tercoastal Paint Co.,
2230 E dgew aler street, plans rebuilding
its fa cto ry destroyed by lire. Estim ated
cost $100,000.
BALTIM ORE— O w ens-Illinois Can Co.,
2809 Boston street, w ill spend $100,000
for im provem ents. F ran cisco & Jacobus,
511 F ifth avenue, N ew York, are build­
ers.
BALTIM ORE— Carr L ow rey Glass Co.,
2201 Klom an street, w ill soon let con ­
tract fo r con stru ctin g addition to pres­
ent glass factory, estim ated to cost
$100,000. A m sler M orton Co., Pittsburgh,
architect.
BELLEWOOD, VA.— E. I. Du Pont de
N em ours & Co., W ilm ington. Del., plans
installation o f m otors and controls, regu ­
lators, conveyors, transform ers and a c­
cessories in new chem ical plant being
erected here. Cost a bout $750,000.
HARRISONBURG, VA. — Shenandoah
V alley E lectric Co-operative, has been
granted perm ission from state corp ora ­
tion com m ission, Richm ond, Va., to b or­
row $35,000 additional from REA in con ­
nection w ith building generating plant.
NORFOLK,
VA.— Sheridan
P. G or­
man, state director o f PWA, Richm ond,
Va., announces approval o f $331,000
gran t to city fo r con stru ctin g electric
ligh t and pow er plant system .
BALTIM ORE— N ational Can Co., 811
South W olfe street, will expend $550,000 fo r additional equipm ent and m a­
chinery fo r its loca l plant. Other Im­
provem ents are proposed for plants at
Maspeth, N. Y., and H am ilton, O.
SALEM, VA. — M oore M illing Co.,
D. E. M oore in charge, will repair and
m ake alterations to its plant.
C ost.
to exceed $50,000.
District of Columbia
13RILLION, WIS. — Ariens Co., m a­
chine shop, is m aking an addition to its
plant that will double capacity. A u to­
m atic m achinery w ill be installed.
W ASHINGTON— T rea su ry' departm ent,
procurem ent division, branch o f supply,
Seventh and D streets, w ill take bids
until Oct. 4 fo r one portable arc w elding
m achine, electric m otor driven.
W ASHINGTON — United States m ari­
time com m ission will receive bids un­
til Oct. 20 fo r the purchase o f 25 vessels.
Bidders m ay obtain names o f vessels
and inform ation and instructions upon
application to the com m ission.
WASHINGTON — Bureau o f Supplies
and accounts, n avy departm ent, w ill take
bids until Oct. 1, schedule 1653, steel
forgings, delivered Newport, R. I.; sched­
ule 1658, diesel engine driven tractors
w ith earth m oving and earth rooting
or loosening attachm ents; schedule 1662,
diesel driven liftin g crane; schedule
1677, 9 tons steel wire for mattress
springs, delivered P h iladelphia; sched­
ule 1684. diesel engine driven generator,
delivered Sew all’ s Point, V a.; until
Oct. 5, schedule 1667, one m otor-driven
tool room lathe with universal reliev­
ing
attachm ent;
schedule 1668, one
m otor-driven engine lath e; schedule 1671,
one m otor-driven radial drill; schedule
1686, 3000 feet cast iron pipe; schedule
1688, one m otor-driven
core
m aking
m achine; until Oct. 8, pum ping units
and fuelin g pits, delivered Sew all’ s
Point, Va.
Florida
JACKSONVILLE
BEACH,
FLA. —
City, W ade Hoffm ann, chairm an o f beach
com m ission, has authorized city engi­
neer to secure location fo r proposed
electric ligh t plant and to prepare plans
and specifications.
First unit to cost
$150,000.
Mississippi
OSYKA, MISS.— Precision Lum ber Co.
Inc. o f L ou isiana has acquired the sa w ­
mill of- W. D. Ott, and w ill install planer
and other m achinery.
Septem ber 27, 1937
Wisconsin
GREEN BAY, WIS.— H udson & Sharp
M achine Co., m aker o f paper con verting
m achinery, has aw arded con tra ct to
Charles Edw ards fo r con stru ction o f a
fa ctory addition.
MILWAUKEE— O ilgear Co., 1407 W est
Bruce street, m aker o f h ydrau lic power
feeds, presses, broach ing m achines, etc.,
is building plant addition to house addi­
tional facilities fo r w elding m achine
structures. W alter Ferris is ch ief en­
gineer.
MILWAUKEE— D epartm ent o f pu blic
w orks, city hall, closes bids Oct. 8 for
furnishing chem ical feed equipm ent for
new $5,000,000 w ater purification plant.
Bond o f $27,000 or certified check for
$13,500 required. H erbert H. Brow n is
plant engineer.
WAUKESHA, W IS.— W aukesha Motor
Co. is roofing court, 35 x 350 feet, be­
tween tw o m achine shop units to pro­
vide additional storage and handling
space. Henry H arm on is plant engineer.
Minnesota
MINNEAPOLIS— Sperzcl Modern Seat
Co. has been incorporated with capital
stock o f $150,000 to m an ufactu re toilet
plum bing supplies, by Peter Sperzel, John
Corser and H. J. Sperzel.
MINNEAPOLIS— Foley M fg. Co., W a l­
ter M. Ringer, president, 10 Second
street, N ortheast, m an ufactu rer o f saw
filing, grinding and sharpening m a­
chinery, has started construction o f a
on e-story fa ctory addition, 40 x 160 feet.
MINNEAPOLIS— R. R. H ow ell & Co.,
Benjam in R. H owell, president, m aker
o f saw mill m achinery, drilling m a­
chines,
a gricu ltural
implements
and
couplings, will soon start construction
o f a on e-story plant addition, part o f
w hich w ill be used to store patterns.
ST. PAUL— A -W Co. Inc., 2328 Terri­
torial road, has been incorporated with
capital stock o f $100,000 to distribute
road building m achinery, tractors, sh ov­
els, etc., by H. T. H oskins, R. H. Bossenm aier and R. J. Collopy.
ST. PAUL— H erzog Iron W orks Inc.,
H arry F. Fisher, president, m a n u fa c­
turer o f ornam ental iron and bronze,
w ill soon start production o f a solid
steel door, fo r use in hospitals and
clinics, for w hich it has ju st obtained
a patent. The com pany recently erect­
ed a new $100,000 fa ctory building.
SPRINGFIELD, MINN. — City plans
itu u im m
peciafisfs
S p ecia l screw s o f g r ea t
m a d e to ord er
va riety
Q u ality riv e ts an d stu d s from all grades of m aterials
to ord er only for o ther m a n u fa c tu re rs.
Progressive M a n u fac tu re d P ro d u cts are m ade on
bo th a q u a lity and price basis, th e ir u n ifo rm ity of
construction insures ag ain st slowing dow n y o u r assem ­
bly operation.
A great m a n y p a rts now m ade on screw m achines
lend them selves to heading w hich re su lts in great
savings and im proved service. H a v e o u r specialists
consult w ith you, o u r service is free an d we m ight sug­
gest som ething th a t m ay prove o f considerable im ­
portance to you.
THE P R O G R E S S IV E IRFG. CO.
TORRIN GTON, / ^ T f f v N
C ON N -> u - s - A-
PR0MC0
\6R A N ^
In Stock A t All Times —
3
S ta n d a r d
M a c h in e S c re w s
—
M a c h in e S c re w N u ts
I n te r c h a n g e a b le b o lts a n d n u t s m a d e s tr ic tly to A .S .M .E . to le ra n c e *
93
— C o n stru c tio n and E n terp rise—
im provem ents to m unicipal ligh t and
pow er plant, including installation of
a 1000-kilow att turbine generator. A. C.
M ueller
is
city
clerk.
Burlingame,
H itch cock & Estabrook, Sexton building,
Minneapolis, are engineers.
T exas
DONNA, TEX.— Citrus Fruit Products
Inc. o f Florida, will spend approxim ately
S30.000 fo r rem odeling Its canning plant
here.
HOUSTON, TEX.— Am erican Can Co.,
230 Park avenue, New York, plans erec­
tion o f $15,000 addition to its plant here
at L ockw ood and Clinton streets.
N orth D ak ota
V ALLEY CITY, N. DAK.— City w ill
receive bids until Oct. .4 fo r Improve­
ments to m unicipal light and power
plant, including new - turbine generator
unit with* surface1 condenser and au x ili­
ary equipment. W. T. Craswell is city
auditor. Burlingam e, H itchcock & E sta­
brook, Sexton
building, Minneapolis,
engineers.
WAHPETON, N. DAK.— North D akota
State School o f Science; E. F. Riley,
president, plans construction o f a threestory trades school building, to include
shops. Estim ated cost $90,000.
subsidiary o f Deere & Co., m anufacturer
o f h ay handling machinery, has aw ard­
ed contract to Lanning Construction Co.
fo r erection o f six new fa ctory buildings,
including a paint shop, w oodw orking
shop, extension to present foundry, fin­
ished stock storage building, tool m anu­
factu rin g building and foun dry sand
storage building. Entire p roject to cost
a bout $100,000, exclu sive o f equipment.
Herman M oschel is general manager.
SEYMOUR, IOW A — City is m aking
survey o f costs o f m iscellaneous im ­
provem ents to m unicipal light and pow er
plant, Including new turbine generator.
H. S. Nixon, 219 Grain Exchange, build­
ing, Omaha, Nebr., is consulting engi­
neer.
WATERLOO, IOWA— John Deere T rac­
tor Co. has awarded con tract to Jens
Olesen & Sons Construction Co. for con­
struction o f one-story plant addition,
the greater part o f w hich w ill be used
for storage o f raw materials.
N ebraska
ALLIANCE, NEBR.— City, Ethel M.
Nation, city clerk, has selected Black &
Veatch, 4706 Broadway, K ansas City,
Mo., as its consulting engineer in the
construction o f its new m unicipal pow er
plant, to house 30,000-pound per hour
high pressure boiler and turbine genera­
tor to cost $242,700.
Sou th D akota
FREEMAN, S. DAK.— Voters approved
a $100,000 bond issue to finance con ­
struction o f m unicipal ligh t and power
plant. E. Scham ber is city auditor.
Iow a
CHEROKEE, IOWA— D ate fo r receiv­
ing bids on con stru ction o f a boiler house
and equipm ent to cost about $95,000 has
been indefinitely postponed by the state
board o f control, H. C. White, ch air­
man, State house, Des Moines, Iowa.
Henry J. Ltebbe, State House, is arch i­
tect in ch arge o f plans.
OTTUMWA,
IOWA— Dain
M fg.
Co.,
M ontana
GLENDIVE, MONT.— Glendive unit o f
the proposed Buffalo Rapids irrigation
project has been officially approved for
federal funds totaling $1,605,000. P roj­
ect includes a $400,000 pum ping plant.
MISSOULA, MONT.— Prelim inary w ork
has begun on the pum ping plant lo r
the Flathead irrigation project, for which
$200,000 is available.
An additional
$500,000 will be granted for equipment.
P acific C oast
COACHELLA, CALIF.— California Cot­
ton Oil Corp. plans to m ake repairs and
These Springs Look Alike
alterations to its plant here.
exceed $40,000.
Cost to
LONG
BEACH,
CALIF— P rocter &
Gamble Co., Long Beach, plans in sta l­
lation o f m otors and controls, regu la ­
tors, conveyors and other equipm ent in
new addition to loca l soap, w ashin g
pow der and oil processing plant, costing
about $1,000,000. J. H. Davies, Ocean
Center building, Lon g Beach, engineer.
LOS ANGELES— An addition to the
fa ctory building o f the W illard Storage
Battery Co. o f California Is being erect­
ed at 5700 East Ninth street here, at a
cost o f $25,000.
LOS ANGELES— A. W. K lachko, 2834
Boulder street, has been granted certifi­
cate to conduct business under the firm
name o f Am erican Iron Nipple M fg. Co.,
w ith a plant at 1153 Firestone boulevard.
LOS ANGELES— A certificate to con ­
duct business under the firm nam e o f
Modern Metals M fg. Co., w ith a plant
at 1755 East Slauson avenue, has been
issued to the ow ners: M arvin E. Coontz,
7822 California avenue, H untington Park,
Calif., and Herbert Stenstrom, 872 W est
Twentieth street, San Pedro, Calif.
LOS ANGELES — W hitehead Metal
Products Co., New York, has bought a
fa ctory site here at 4801 East Fiftieth
street, and will build a plant at a cost
o f about $100,000 for production o f monel
products. Com pany is a subsidiary o f
International
Nickel
Co.
R alph H.
Bailey has been appointed m anager o f
the Los Angeles plant.
LOS ANGELES— Rheem M fg. Co. is
building an addition to its tank m anu­
factu ring plant at 4361 Firestone boule­
vard at a cost o f $45,000.
LOS ANGELES— Lane-W ells Co., pro­
ducer of oil-w ell specialty tools, has
filed with the securities and exch ange
com m ission a registration statem ent c o v ­
ering a proposed $870,000 stock issue.
Of the proceeds $100,000 w ill be used
to pay for new buildings now under con ­
struction, $100,000 for new rollin g mill
equipment and $75,000 for new buildings
at Houston, Tex.
SAN DIEGO, CALIF.— N ational Iron
W orks is erecting a new w arehouse
building at 636 Front street, costing
about $5000.
SANTA MONICA, CALIF. — B uilding
permit has been issued lo r construction
o f an addition to the a ircra ft m anu­
factu rin g plant o f D ouglas A ircra ft Co.
at 3000 Ocean Park boulevard here.
The structure w ill cost $200,000.
WHITTIER,' CALIF.— A new m achine
shop, 50 x 100 feet, Is being erected at
100 W hittier boulevard here fo r Se­
curity
Engineering Co.
T otal cost,
T h is sp ring has a long,
and useful life of one
hundred m illio n or m ore
com pressions.
This
spring
m ay
fail
before
reaching one hundred thousand
com pressions.
T H E D IF FE R E N C E ?
Here
Here
C a re fu lly selected m ate­
ria ls; Proper design and
m a n u fa c tu rin g m ethods;
controlled h e a t-tre a tin g ;
and th e F ifty Y e a rs Ex­
perience of
O rdinary spring wire, O ut-of-date
RAYMOND
MFG.
CO.
Corry, Pa.
Producers o f S u p erio r Sprin gs
methods, poorly regulated heat
treatm ent, lack o f broa d exper­
ience, produce the ordinary spring,
perhaps useful fifty years ago, but
worse than useless in the high
grade engineered products o f t o ­
day.
94
$ 10 ,000 .
ANACORTES, WASH.— Engineers are
m aking a preliminary survey fo r pro­
posed $400,000 steam plant for Puget
Sound Pulp & Tim ber Co.
BELLINGHAM, WASH.— II. S. W right
& Co., Seattle, has been aw arded general
con tract lo r the construction o f 18
buildings, costing about $500,000, a unit
of
the
expansion o f the plant o f
Puget Sound Pulp & Tim ber Co., esti­
mated at $2,500,000 including equip­
ment,
Structures include drying m a­
chine house, buildings fo r digesters,
screens, laboratory, acid plant, w a re­
houses, boiler and pow er house.
Canada
WYNDELL, B.
is rebuilding Its
stroyed by fire.
ested in prices o f
C.— J. B. W in low Co.
saw mill recently de­
The com pany .is inter­
com plete equipment.
/T E E L
{P O U T f^ n