Build your own paper battleships and commemorate the Battle of

Build your own paper
battleships and commemorate
the Battle of Jutland
redwhiteblueday.co.uk
HMS Warspite and HMS Malaya during the Battle of Jutland
Welcome to the Battle of Jutland
Commemoration Pack
This year’s Red, White & Blue Day is to be held on Friday 14th October 2016.
Before this we are helping schools to commemorate the Battle of Jutland,
a major sea battle that took place in WW1.
This pack contains:
Within this pack you will find information about the battle and a challenge
to create a paper flotilla of battleships in the run-up to the Battle of
Jutland commemorative weekend on 29th - 30th May 2016.
4Challenge Outline and
Paper Boat Instructions
The best photos will be featured on the Red, White and Blue Day website
while your best paper boat submissions may feature as part of the wider
Jutland commemorations.
3Battle of Jutland Summary and
A Case Study of Jack Cornwell
5Battle of Jutland Fact Sheet
6 Be part of it and Contact Details
7
Paper Boat Template
8Poster
Red, White & Blue Day is held in support of the three national military charities:
2
Battle of Jutland Summary
On the High Seas the Royal Navy took on the might of the German Navy in a move to control shipping lanes and freedom
of movement in the Battle of Jutland. The battle, which was a strategic victory for the Royal Navy, kept the German
Navy from attempting any further attacks against the British for the rest of the war.
A Case Study of Jack Cornwell
Jack was one of thousands of sailors who fought in the
Battle of Jutland in 1916. This was the biggest sea battle of
World War One. Jack was badly wounded in the battle and
died two days later. He was only 16.
It’s believed that only two younger people have ever won
the Victoria Cross: Thomas Flynn in 1857 and Andrew
Fitzgibbon in 1860. Both were 15 and soldiers in the
British Army.
For his bravery, Jack was awarded the Victoria Cross.
The Victoria Cross is Britain’s highest award for acts of
outstanding bravery in battle. Created in 1856 by Queen
Victoria, it is a cross in bronze (a metal made by mixing
copper with tin).
His wounds were so bad that Jack died in hospital two
days after the battle. His Victoria Cross was awarded
posthumously - meaning, after his death. His mother was
given his medal by King George V.
The ribbon is usually crimson but when Jack won his VC
in 1916 the ribbon given to sailors was blue. On the Victoria
Cross are two words: For Valour. ‘Valour’ means bravery
in battle.
Jack Cornwell joined the Royal Navy at 15. He was the
youngest person to be awarded a Victoria Cross during
World War One.
The Victoria Cross is still awarded to brave soldiers.
In 2012 a British soldier, James Ashworth, was killed in
Afghanistan. He showed outstanding bravery, leading other
soldiers during a fight against the Taliban before being
killed. In 2013 he was awarded a posthumous Victoria Cross.
He was the 14th person to receive the award since World
War Two ended in 1945.
Source: www.bbc.co.uk/schools/0/ww1/25356042
Fundraising card and Jack Cornwell’s VC medal
Source: www.britishlegion.org.uk/community/stories/jutland-jack
3
Challenge Outline
Create a flotilla of paper battleships
We are challenging you to join the nation on the weekend
of 29th - 30th May to commemorate the centenary of the Battle of Jutland
and highlighting the pivotal role played by the Royal Navy.
Use our example template or make your own
We’ve included an example boat instruction sheet below and a template on page 7. You are free to create whatever
boat you like though. If using our template you should print it borderless and start folding with the colour panels
facing upwards.
Maybe you’d like to consider naming your ship or writing a message to those who sail in today’s Royal Navy or to those
who lost their lives at the Battle of Jutland.
How will you honour the 250 warships that took part in the Battle of Jutland?
Example Paper Boat Instructions
1. Take a rectangular sheet
of paper and fold in half
2. Fold in half and unfold
(just so you have a centre mark)
3. Fold two top corners
to centre
4. Fold top strip upwards
5. Fold top two corners
backwards. Turn over
6. Fold bottom two corners upwards
(if done correctly you should now be
able to see four small triangles)
7. Fold strip upwards
8. Hold bottom corners
and push together....
9. ....making a square. Fold the
bottom half upwards. Turn over.
Repeat on other side
10. Hold bottom corners and
push together
11. Grab upper corners and pull
apart. Watch as the boat’s
cabin pops up
12. Press flat.
Open out to make boat shape
4
Battle of Jutland Fact Sheet
Background: Arms Race and Distant Blockade
•Following the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805 Great Britain’s Naval power
was not seriously challenged until the rise of a newly unified and
industrialised Germany in the late 19th century.
•In 1897 Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz was appointed as Secretary of the
German Imperial Navy Office. Tirpitz was a convincing advocate of
the need for a larger German Navy.
•To maintain British naval supremacy, Admiral John ‘Jacky’ Fisher
launched the revolutionary battleship HMS Dreadnought in 1906 and
developed a new type of ship, the battlecruiser, with heavy guns but
light armour to allow exceptional speed.
•An Arms Race followed as both sides built ‘dreadnoughts’. Britain
remained ahead of Germany, and when Britain declared war on
4 August 1914 the British Grand Fleet had 28 dreadnoughts and 9
battlecruisers. The German High Seas Fleet had only 16 dreadnoughts
and five battlecruisers.
•The British took control of the North Sea from 1914 imposing a ‘distant
blockade’ on the High Seas Fleet and restricting German trade.
The Grand Fleet was stationed at Scapa Flow in the Orkney Islands,
ready to prevent any threat of the Germans breaking out to the north.
•After a series of smaller, unsuccessful attacks, Admiral Reinhard
Scheer eventually decided to engage in full-scale battle with the Grand
Fleet hoping to weaken it.
The Battle: The Greatest Naval Battle in History
The High Seas Fleet (Hochseeflotte). The battle fleet of the German Imperial Navy.
The Outcome: A British Victory
•The Germans with a 99-strong fleet sank 115,000 long tons
(117, 000 t) of British ships. The 151-strong British fleet sank 62,000
long tons (63,000 t) of German ships.
•During the battle the British lost 6,094 seamen, the Germans lost
2,551. These numbers do not include the casualties who died in the days
following the battle.
•At the end of the battle, the British had maintained their numerical
superiority. Only 2 dreadnoughts were damaged leaving 23
dreadnoughts and four battlecruisers still able to fight. On the other
hand the Germans had only 10 dreadnoughts.
•At 16:00 on 31 May 1916 the two battlecruiser forces encountered each
other and began a running gun fight south.
•With the exception of HMS Queen Mary, most of the British ships lost
were tactically insignificant. 8 destroyers were lost, out of 77 available
to the Grand Fleet.
•At 16:02, HMS Indefatigable was struck. As a result she blew up
seconds later in a catastrophic explosion. All but two of her crew of
1,019 men lost their lives.
•The Grand Fleet was ready for action again the next day. One month
after the battle, the Grand Fleet was stronger than it had been before
sailing to Jutland.
•Shortly afterwards, the same fate met HMS Queen Mary. Engaged by
two German battlecruisers, Seydlitz and Derfflinger blew up, taking
with her 57 officers and 1,209 men.
•So shaken were the German’s by the weight of the British response
that they never again seriously challenged the British control of the
North Sea.
•By 18:30 the Grand Fleet had arrived on the scene and was deployed
into a position that would cross Scheer’s ‘T’ from the northeast.
(Crossing the T is a classic naval warfare tactic in which a line
of warships crosses in front of a line of enemy ships, allowing the
crossing line to bring all their guns to bear while receiving fire from
only the forward guns of the enemy)
•Hipper ordered a carefully rehearsed escape manoeuvre, his famous
‘battle turn to starboard’. Scheer managed to handbrake turn a battle
fleet and at 18:35 the German fleet disappeared into the mist.
•Inexplicably, however, at 18:55 Scheer carried out a second ‘battle turn’
and appeared to face his enemy again. This proved to be a mistake and
Scheer was forced to retreat.
•When darkness fell the fleets were only eight miles apart, and the night
erupted in a series of confused and bloody encounters, as the screening
forces of both sides ‘bumped’ both each other and the main fleets.
•The final shot of the battle came at 05:20 when the German dreadnought
Ostfriesland ran over a mine laid by the British minelayer Abdiel. The
last German ship to return, the crippled battlecruiser Seydlitz, finally
anchored off the Jade Bar at around 9am on the morning of 2 June.
Source: National Museum of the Royal Navy
HMS Chester damage during the Battle of Jutland.
5
Be part of it
School Name:
School Contact:
Email Address:
Name of Pupils:
Age of Pupil:
@
Email your photos
If you would like to see your photos featured on www.redwhiteblueday.co.uk, email Red, White &
Blue Day project leader Patty Wallis at [email protected] We will always ask you for
permission to use these in any other way.
Post us your best ships
Post us your best ships (flat packed) before 20th May 2016 and we will try to feature them
as part of the wider commemorations. Send to:
Red, White & Blue Day Jutland flotilla
Royal Navy and Royal Marines Charity
Building 29
HMS Excellent
Whale Island
Portsmouth
PO2 8ER
Facebook
You can also share your images and stories with us on
our Facebook page: www.facebook.com/redwhiteblueday
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Build your own paper battleships and
commemorate the Battle of Jutland
We are challenging you to join the nation
on the weekend of 29th - 30th May
to commemorate the centenary of the
Battle of Jutland and highlighting the
pivotal role played by the Royal Navy.
@
Maybe you’d like to consider naming your
ship or writing a message to those who
sail in today’s Royal Navy or to those who
lost their lives at the Battle of Jutland.
How will you honour the 250 warships
that took part in the Battle of Jutland?
If you would like to see your photos featured on
www.redwhiteblueday.co.uk, email Red, White & Blue
Day project leader Patty Wallis at:
[email protected] We will always ask you
for permission to use these in any other way.
Post us your best (flat packed) ships before
20th May 2016 and we will try and feature them as
part of the wider commemorations. Send to:
Red, White & Blue Day Jutland flotilla
Royal Navy and Royal Marines Charity
Building 29
HMS Excellent
Whale Island
Portsmouth PO2 8ER
Share your images and stories on our Facebook
page: www.facebook.com/redwhiteblueday
Find out more at redwhiteblueday.co.uk
Red, White & Blue Day is held in support of the three national military charities: