German residential swarm project

Transcription

New residential business models:
From self-consumption
to swarm grid services
Dominique Le Baron
June 2015, Intersolar ESS Forum
Agenda
1. Traditional use of energy storage systems
2. New emerging decentralized grid services
3. New German incentive (Bavaria)
4. Field case in Germany
5. Field case in France
2
ESS Forum – Intersolar Munich 2015
Saft proprietary information – confidential
1. Self-consumption optimization
3
Traditional use of energy storage systems
 End-user becoming Prosumers*

Increase the value of solar electricity from
PV installations
> Increase local PV energy self-consumption
> Increase autonomy = energy independency

Protection against power outages
 Grid operators (TSOs):

Peak time PV production reduction
(mid day)
> Storage enables PV injection curtailment
 Global environment impact:



Allows broader decentralized PV installations
Reduces C02 footprint
Save coal, oil and gas costs (power stations)
* Prosumers: Producers - Consumers
4
Field trial tests: 89 households in Germany / Kassel
Self-consumption = PV energy self-consumed
PV energy produced
5
Source: SOL-ION simulation tests - J. Binder
Autonomy = PV energy self-consumed
energy consumed
Self-consumption in South of France (Corsica)
Self-consumption of the PV energy produced – PV : 3 kWp
Level of self-consumption depends on:
6

Solar irradiation

PV system size vs. annual consumption

Battery size (kWh ) vs. PV production

User behaviour
Autonomy – PV : 3 kWp
Source: INES (Institut National de l’Energie Solaire) - Nicolas Martin
2. Decentralized grid services
“Swarm” programmes
7
Frequency control market
Performance
Primary reserve
Secondary reserve
Tertiary reserve
Time

Power deficits when :
> Electricity production and consumption are not matching (natural behavior of the grid)
> A conventional power plant breaks down
> The sun is not shining or wind is not blowing
 Electricity has to be immediately fed into the grid to keep the frequency at 50 Hertz.
8
Source: Amprion
Stabilizing the grid
Traditional:
Power plants
For some years now:
NEW:
Large ESS containers
Decentralized ESS
I
1 MW = 60 to 100 ESS
Grid service
to TSOs
Supply = Demand
9
* TSO = transmission system operators
Stabilizing the grid with residential batteries in swarm

Multiple decentralized residential energy storage
systems into a large swarm*



Numerous batteries are connected through the grid in
a region
Linked together this network of small batteries makes
a large virtual storage system
Aggregators & operators / utility € benefit :

60 to 100 home batteries
I
Revenue from balancing (power)
= 1 virtual
storage
system of
> Frequency control for the primary reserve


In the future: energy sold on the spot market
Homeowners € benefits:


Low renting price for a high performance battery
Additional income & free energy capacity
* Swarm: network of multiple smart energy storage systems
10
1 MW
€
•
•
I
For home prosumers
For companies selling power / energy
Primary control reserve: 3 GW
 Germany TSOs tender:

European Primary reserve
780 MW (April 2015)
> Weekly call for tenders by 4 German TSO’s
> 1 MW size minimum
– Germany: 550 MW
– PCR export to Netherlands (67MW) , Switzerland
(25 MW), Denmark, Austria …
Rest of
Europe
31%
Italy
14%
Germany
20%
France
20%
Spain
15%
 Germany: the biggest potential for swarms:

1,1 million of solar residential installations
> Germany is the 1st worldwide PV installed base
11
Source: Regelleistung.net
4. German field case: Caterva
12
German residential swarm project: Caterva
Caterva commercializes
swarm operation.
It is the contract partner
for the participants: it
supplies them with the
energy storage system
and connects it to the
network.
13
N-Ergie contacts
customers in its grid
area who have solar
panels installed on
their roofs.
 65 Saft li-ion battery systems 21 kWh/ 20 kW = 1,3 MW

65 Saft home battery systems
Home owners:
> Attractive prepaid rent
– for a high performance Caterva ESS based on Saft cells, modules and
BMM.
> Self-consumption equivalent to a 7 kWh storage system
– Saving up to 15 ct / kWh for self-consumption energy

For Caterva:
I
> 16 kWh / 16 kW available
– 65 ESS = 1,3 MW aggregate power for the primary reserve
> Income from balancing power for TSOs
= 1,3 MW
virtual
storage
system
14
 Smart Caterva ESS based on Saft li-ion technology:

Caterva automatized control system embeds Saft smart technology:
> SOC, temperatures, voltages and error status messages reported by Saft BMM are
used by Caterva automatized control system
> Saft subsystem's IEC 61508-compliance ensures a high level of safety

The swarm automatized control system allows:
> Charge / discharge of the decentralized battery swarm
> If there is a demand for additional electricity in the grid, it feeds power to the grid
> If there is an excess of electricity in the grid, it absorbs power from the grid
15
4. German field case: Net-PV
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2nd German residential swarm project
„Integration and use of battery systems in distribution networks “
project of the Federal Government
Grants from the Fund "Energy and Climate Fund" as well as EU
projects' 6. Energy Research Programme „Research for an
environmentally friendly, reliable and affordable energy supply ““
Funding code: 0325473A
Project duration:
01.11.2012 - 31.10.2015
Partners of the project
 Purpose of the research project:
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
New business models "for the operation of PV storage systems with network service.”

Self-consumption with an Energy Management System for the household

Advanced control system to operate the virtual power plant with an interface
allowing monitoring, accounting & billing

Smart Saft Lithium-ion battery enabling advanced Web & grid services

Field operation in the area supplied by Schwäbisch Hall utility
 100 Saft energy storage system of 10 kWh/ 10 kW = 1 MW virtual power plant

1 year field test of 8 Saft energy storage systems
> September 2015 to October 2016

Simulation of 100 energy storage systems by Fraunhofer institute

Schwäbisch Hall utility:
> Pre-qualified for Primary Reserve regulation (operating several fossil power plants)
> Swarm ESS for voltage / frequency control
> Experiment into business case after 1 year of field test
> Developing an economic storage battery based on lithium-ion basis for Web services
Field operating in utility Stadtwerke Schwäbisch Hall
19
 Motivation for Schwäbisch Hall
utility:


smoothing fluctuating solar power
Swarm ESS:


Control of PV energy excess thanks
to storage
Avoid:
> Grid overload
> Reverse flow
> Loss of PV energy
Instantaneous power in the supplied area
Instantaneous solar power
Power Schwäbisch Hall: ~52MW
PV Power in Schw. Hall: ~38MW
20
5. French field case: Nice Grid
21
The Consortium
Tier 1 Participants
Participants
R&D and University
Financing and supporting entities
22
22
Smart Grid Demonstration Project in town of Carros / South of France
 Massive integration
of PV
7 PV areas
thereof one
islanding area
 Manage supply/demand
balance at
distribution level
 Combine storage,
self-consumption
and demand side
management
 Test Islanding
23
A smart solar district with active demand
4 objectives
 PV Integration into Grid
2 key characteristics
 Project based on
ERDF Linky architecture
 « Prosumers »
 Storage devices
at 3 levels within the Grid
 Islanding
 Business Models
24
Four Use Cases
Load shedding


(winter period)
Combined effort of load management and storage to reduce consumption peaks
Typically 18h00-20h00 and in cases of transmission grid constraints
PV Integration
(summer period)

Management of maximized PV production on LV network

Shifting of loads (mainly hot water boilers) from night to afternoon

Storing excess of energy in batteries
Islanding

Enabling islanding of a single feeder with PV & battery
as sole power and voltage sources
Encourage consumers to adopt smarter habits in accordance with the
network state
25
Battery Installations

At primary
substation
Sept 2014

At secondary
substations

At residential
homes
27
Aug 2014
Dec 2014
Which storage asset for which use case?
=
~
~
28
=
ISLANDING
~
LOAD SHEDDING
=
PV INTEGRATION

√
√
√

√
√
√

5. French decentralized field case:
Millener
29
230 Saft residential ESS on 3 islands
 Large-scale demonstrator of flexibility with residential ESS on islands

Contribution of residential end-users to islands electrical systems:
> load shedding , production, storage…


Centralized management experiment of distributed PV production and storage
What business model for the residential Prosumers ?
 230 Saft residential energy storage systems tested in homes


4 years experiment: 2011 – 2015
3 French islands
SOUTENU PAR
30
230 Saft residential ESS on 3 islands
Optimization of
renewable
integration in islands
thanks to smart grids
Optimize supply &
demand in island grid
• Load shedding
• Energy feeding to
the grid
Incite Prosumers to
participate to load
shedding by a follow up
of their consumption
31
Demonstrate
technical
feasibility
Analysis of the
value of services
The residential system: PV + storage
 Saft 4 kWh / 7 kW Li-ion battery
 Interface with consumption and production
data follow-up
 Communication with the system manager
Grid
Energy
produced
and stored
System management
Batteries
Self-consumption
Management and
follow-up of the
consumption
Dwelling with MILLENER box
and PV panels
32
Learnings of the field case
 Load shedding (30 min to 2h) :

Electricity consumption reduction during peak hours in the evening
> Demanding appliances cut off or run partially
– Air-conditioning (Reunion, Guadeloupe)
– Heating (Corsica)
> Possibility for the end-user to restart the heating or air-conditioning if uncomfortable
– Good acceptance of load shedding by end-user:
few used this possibility / no feeling of being uncomfortable
 Results of the load shedding:


33
700W/end-user in Corsica that is 30% their consumption (2kW on average)
300W/end-user in Reunion & Guadeloupe: 25-30% of their consumption
6. Conclusion
34
A bright future for energy storage
 Energy Storage Systems: a CO2 free & cost effective way of balancing the grid

Decentralized ESS in swarm
> An additional income that will speed up the development of residential battery
> Especially adapted to the German market with an installed base of 1,1 million PV installations
> A model that will widespread in other countries and is already existing like in the U.S.A

MW ESS containers
 Assets of ESS for grid services




Avoid grid costs upgrades
Better local integration of renewables
Voltage, frequency & peak control
Contribution to network flexibility
 Future incentives or even regulations will take grid services into account

35
In the Bavarian region, there is a project of supporting smart batteries systems with smart
grid services ability
Source: Regelleistung.net
Thank you for your attention!
Dominique Le Baron
Marketing and product Manager
Energy Storage System
[email protected]
36

German residential swarm project

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