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Mid-Century Modern - National Building Museum
Mid-Century Modern The National Building Museum; July 28, 2012 Mid-Century Modern Mad Men TV Show The International Style: Architecture Since 1922; 1932, The Museum of Modern Art The idea of style as the frame of potential growth, rather than as fixed and crushing mould, has developed with the recognition of underlying principles such as archaeologists discern in the great styles of the past. The principles are few and broad: There is, first, a new conception of architecture as volume rather than mass. Secondly, regularity rather than axial symmetry serves as the chief means of ordering design. These two principles, with a third proscribing arbitrary applied decoration, mark the productions of the international style. ¹ ¹ Hitchcock & Johnson, 1966 ed., p. 22 Lovell House, Los Angeles, CA, 1929; Richard Neutra Villa Savoye, Poissy , FR. , 1930; Le Corbusier Tugenhadt House, Brno, Czech Republic, 1930; Mies van der Rohe World War II The Promise of Suburbia The Promise of Suburbia Levitttowns: New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania "The Henry Ford of Housing" "Any fool can build homes—what counts is how many you can sell for how little.“ William J. Levitt Levitttown, New York, 1949 Levittown: Cape Cod & Ranch Styles The Promise of Suburbia “Kitchens by Wrighton” Ad: 1962 The Lustron Home: 1947 Lustron Houses: 1949 Charles Eames, Ray Eames, John Entenza July, 1944: Arts & Architecture Magazine July, 1944: Arts & Architecture Magazine It has been estimated that one million five hundred thousand houses each year for a period of ten years will be needed to relieve the urgent housing problems of this country alone. The enormity of such a need cannot be even partially satisfied by building techniques as we have known and used them in the past. Large scale industry would seem to be the only logical means by which we can achieve an enterprise of such proportion. July, 1944: Arts & Architecture Magazine Arts & Architecture Magazine, January, 1945 Arts & Architecture Magazine, January, 1945 “We are… proposing to begin immediately the study, planning, actual design and construction of eight houses, each to fulfill the specifications of a special living problem in the Southern California area. Eight nationally known architects, chosen not only for their obvious talents, but for their ability to evaluate realistically housing in terms of need, have been commissioned to take a plot of God’s green earth and create “good “ living conditions for eight American families. They will be free to choose or reject, on a merit basis, the products of national manufacturers offering either old or new materials considered best for the purpose by each architect in his attempt to create contemporary dwelling units”. Arts & Architecture Magazine, January, 1945 The Case Study House (CSH) Program CSH #8 & #9 ; 1945-49; Charles Eames & Eero Saarinen, Associated Architects CSH No.8 :1945-49; Charles Eames & Eero Saarinen, Associated Architects Sketch by Mies van der Rohe CSH No.8 :1945-49; Charles Eames & Eero Saarinen, Associated Architects CSH #8: Eames House CSH #8: Eames House CSH #8: Eames House: Interiors CSH #9: Entenza House, 1945-49 CSH #9: Entenza House, 1945-49 Glass House: 1949; New Canaan, CT., Philip Johnson Farnsworth House: 1950; Plano, Il., Mies van der Rohe CSH #4: Greenbelt House: 1950; Ralph Rapson CSH #4: Greenbelt House: 1950; Ralph Rapson Ralph Rapson: Study for a Wall House CSH #21: Pierre Koenig, 1958 CSH #21: Pierre Koenig, 1958 CSH #21: Pierre Koenig, 1958 CSH #22: Pierre Koenig, 1959-60 CSH #22: Pierre Koenig, 1959-60 Marcel Breuer: Tubular Steel Furniture; Wooden Armchair Prototype Cesca Chair, 1928 Slatted Armchair, 1924 Lounge Chair, 1928 Marcel Breuer: Wassily Chair: 1925 Mies van der Rohe MR Chair, 1926 Barcelona Chair, 1929 Harry Bertoia In Bertoia's own words, "If you look at these chairs, they are mainly made of air, like sculpture. Space passes through them." Diamond Chairs 1952 Harry Bertoia Harry Bertoia Asymmetric Chaise, early 1950s Bird Chair, 1952 Le Corbusier Grand Confort Chair, 1928 Basculant Chair, 1928 Chaise Lounge, 1928 Materials & the Press Materials & the Press Marcel Breuer Stacking Chairs, 1936-37 Chaise Lounge, 1935 Lounge Chair, 1929 Plywood Furniture Ax Armchair- Peter Hvidt & Orla Melgaard-Nielson, 1950 Grand Prix Chair, Arne Jacobsen, 1957 Jason Stacking Chair, Carl Jacobs, 1951 Butterfly Stool, Sori Yanagi, 1954 Eero Saarinen Grasshopper Chairs, 1946 Womb Chair, 1946 Tulip Armchair& Tulip Table, 1956 Isamu Noguchi Noguchi Cyclone Table, 1953 Alvar Aalto Stacking Stools, 1933 Lounge Chair, 1933 Armchair, 1931-32 Paimio Chair, 1931-32 Alvar Aalto Stacking Stools, 1933 Paimio Chair, 1931-32 Alvar Aalto Stacking Stools, 1933 Chair 612, 1946-47 Finn Juhl : Sofas Two- Person Sofa, 1932 Two- Person Sofa, 1953 Finn Juhl Pelican Chair, 1940 Chieftain Chair, c. 1942 Finn Juhl Chair, c. 1942 FJ 45 Lounge Chair, c. 1945 Finn Juhl : FJ 45 Lounge Chair, c. 1945 5 Finn Juhl : Lounge Chair, 1951 5 Finn Juhl : Storage Unit “Egg Chair” – Arne Jacobsen, 1958 “Papa Bear Chair” – Hans Wegner, 1951 Hans Wegner The Bull Chair, 1961 The Circle Chair, 1951 Hans Wegner The Peacock Chair, 1961 Moulded Plywood Furniture Armchair- Gerrit Rietveld, 1950 Molded Plywood Furniture Molded Plywood Chair & Tables, Greta Jalk, c. 1962 Charles Eames, Ray Eames, John Entenza, c. 1945 Charles & Ray Eames: Moulded Plywood Splints, c. 1943 Charles & Ray Eames: Moulded Plywood Chair Parts, 1944-45 Charles & Ray Eames: DCW Chair, c. 1945 Charles & Ray Eames: DCM Chair, c. 1945 Charles & Ray Eames: Composite Chair Drawings c. 1940s Charles & Ray Eames: Prototype for Lounge Chair, Chair, 1945 Charles and Ray Eames: Lounge Chair, 1956 Charles & Ray Eames: Wire Chairs, c. 1951 Charles & Ray Eames: La Chaise, 1948 Charles & Ray Eames: Rocking Arm Chair. 1950 Charles & Ray Eames: Storage Unit #420, 1950 Hollin Hills, Alexandria, VA.; Charles M. Goodman, FAIA; 1947-1960s Hollin Hills: Unit House #2, ca. 1950 Hollin Hills: Interior Hollin Hills: Interior Hollin Hills: Various Unit Types Hollin Hills: Unit House 5A Eichler Homes, California: 1950s – 60s Eichler Homes, California: 1950s – 60s Eichler Homes, California: 1950s – 60s Eichler Homes, California: 1950s – 60s Charles & Ray Eames: Elephant F I N I S Mid-Century Modern
