THE ROAD TO EXCELLENCE

I N P A R T N E R S H I P W I T H U N I T E D S T AT E S A N T I - D O P I N G A G E N C Y
THE ROAD TO EXCELLENCE
Forward
Table of Contents
The purpose of this document is to serve as a primer of sorts for member high schools of the
1. Introduction
Pg 1
Acknowledgement
The IHSA wishes to
acknowledge and thank the
U.S. Anti-Doping Agency
for their help and support
with this project, and for
their commitment to promoting clean athletic competition and the health of
athletes worldwide.
The information in this
publication is provided for
reference purposes and is
only a summary. The
examples of prohibited
classes of substances and
prohibited methods in this
Handbook are subject to
change. For additional
information and the most
up-to-date lists, contact:
implementation of the IHSA’s Drug Testing Program, effective with the start of the 2008-09
2. List of Prohibited Substances and
Prohibited Methods
school term. This booklet not only provides a comprehensive over-view of the IHSA’s Drug
Pg 2
Web site:
www.ihsa.org
© 2007 USADA. USADA and
the USADA logo are registered
trademarks and the Drug Reference
Line, Drug Reference Online,
Play Clean Line, Spirit of Sport,
100% Me, The Playing Field and
Athlete Express are trademarks
of the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency.
All Rights Reserved.
Testing Program, but it also offers insight into drug testing in general, courtesy of the U.S.
Anti-Doping Agency (USADA). Their contributions to this booklet have been invaluable since
3. Therapeutic Use Exemptions
Pg 8
the very nature of drug testing high school student-athletes is relatively new in America.
Illinois will become the fourth state in the country to implement a drug testing program in
4. Dietary Supplements
Pg 9
the fall of 2008, and the entire IHSA membership should be applauded for their willingness
to support this initiative, an initiative aimed at protecting the health of student-athletes in
Illinois and safeguarding interscholastic competition.
5. Drug Testing Program Procedures
Pg 11
It should be noted, however, that while this initiative and the on-going efforts of the IHSA’s
6. Results Management
Pg 19
Sports Medicine Advisory Committee (SMAC) have been designed to provide a comprehensive approach to the issue of performance-enhancing drug (PED) use by high school students,
7. Resources
Pg 21
these efforts alone will not stop the greater problem. Parents, coaches, administrators, and
fellow students are also critical to the success of this greater initiative. One of the continuing beliefs of the SMAC is that high school students, when given the right resources and support, will make good decisions. Therefore, without the additional support of those closest to
students, no plan or initiative will bring about the desired results. It is the hope, then, that
this booklet will be another valuable resource for those committed to students and high
school athletics.
IHSA
2715 McGraw Drive
Bloomington, IL 61704
Phone:
(309) 663-6377
Illinois High School Association to prepare their students, coaches, and communities for the
As readers will quickly note as they read this booklet, portions of this are specific to the drug
IHSA Mission Statement
The IHSA governs the equitable participation in interscholastic athletics and activities that enrich the educational experience.
testing plan in Illinois, while other portions from USADA focus more on drug testing from a
philosophical point of view. More material from the IHSA regarding PED use, can be accessed
at http://www.ihsa.org/initiatives/sportsMedicine/index.htm.
Introduction
Worldwide Effort for
CLEAN SPORT
The United States Anti-Doping Agency (USADA) began operations on October 1, 2000,
“The most important thing in the Olympic Games is not to win
but to take part, just as the most important thing in life is not the
triumph but the struggle. The essential thing is not to have
following a recommendation by the United States Olympic Committee’s Select Task Force
on Externalization that an independent agency be created to uphold the Olympic ideal of
fair play on behalf of the nation’s Olympic and Paralympic movement. USADA was given
full authority to execute a comprehensive national anti-doping program encompassing
testing, results management, education, and research and to develop programs, policies
conquered but to have fought well.” – Olympic Creed
and procedures in each of those areas. USADA is an independent, nonprofit, non-governmental agency and administers its own protocols and programs as well as the anti-doping
policies of the United States Olympic Committee (USOC).
On a parallel track, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) established the World
Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) which developed the World Anti-Doping Program.
The Program consists of the:
k
World Anti-Doping Code (Code), which was developed to harmonize anti-doping rules
and sanctions on a worldwide basis.
Athletes and athlete support personnel are critical to preserving
k
and the List of Prohibited Substances and Prohibited Methods.
the ideals of the Olympic Games, considered to be the highest level
of amateur athletic competition. While almost every athlete
competes with the hope of winning, the powerful message of the
Olympic Creed is the declaration that the essential thing is to
International Standards for: Testing, Therapeutic Use Exemptions, Laboratory Practices,
k
Models of Best Practice, which provide state-of-the-art solutions in different areas of
anti-doping that are encouraged but not mandatory.
Beginning in August 2004, International Federations (IFs), National Olympic Committees
(NOCs), the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) and many other sports organizations,
have fought well. It is this basic human value that is at the heart
including USADA, formally adopted the Code. This collective agreement to harmonize
of the effort to achieve clean sport, and the use of performance-
anti-doping efforts has significantly improved the fairness and effectiveness of the effort
enhancing substances and methods is cheating and contrary to
to achieve clean sport within the Olympic movement.
the “Spirit of Sport”. The “Spirit of Sport” means competing fairly
Although the IHSA hasn’t adopted the Code, it does support the efforts of these organiza-
and performing to the best of your ability – the pursuit of excellence
tions in striving for clean sport. It is the hope of the IHSA and its member schools that the
IHSA’s testing program will deter the use of performance-enhancing drugs by student ath-
with honor.
letes in Illinois.
This Athlete Handbook summarizes anti-doping rules, policies,
procedures, and other information designed to protect the
fundamental values of clean sport for high school atheltes in Illinois.
Take the time to know and understand the anti-doping policies
and procedures governing your sport. That knowledge, properly
applied, is not only a protection, but demonstrates a commitment
to fair play which can foster a brighter future for clean sport and
for aspiring athletes of all ages.
1
PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES
PROHIBITED METHODS
The List of
and
The following is a list of banned drug
3. Diuretics
classes, with examples of banned sub-
acetazolamide, bendroflumethiazide, ben-
stances under each class. The examples
thiazide, bumetanide, chlorothiazide,
listed under each class are not to be conThe IHSA Board of Directors approved the following to serve as the association’s Banned Drug
sidered an exhaustive or all-encompassing
Classes for the 2008-09 school term. The list can also be found on the IHSA’s Sports
description of prohibited items:
Medicine Advisory Committee’s Special Topics page on the IHSA website. As a part of the
drug testing program’s yearly review and renewal, the IHSA Board of Directors will approve
the association’s banned drug classes prior to each school term.
IHSA Banned Drug Classes 2008-09
chlorthalidone, ethacrynic acid, finasteride,
flumethiazide, furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, hydroflumethiazide, methyclothiazide, metolazone, polythiazide,
1. Stimulants
probenecid, quinethazone, spironolactone
amiphenazole, amphetamine, bemigride,
(canrenone), triamterene, trichlormethi-
benzphetamine, bromantan, caffeine1
azide, and related compounds
(guarana), chlorphentermine, cocaine, cro-
The value of high school interscholastic programs is found in the over-all physical, emotion-
propamide, crothetamide, diethylpropion,
al, and intellectual development of student-athletes. In that pursuit, anabolic steroids and
dimethylamphetamine, doxapram,
performance-enhancing dietary supplements offer no positive contribution. Rather, their
ephedrine (ephedra, ma huang), ethami-
use jeopardizes not only the health of student-athletes, but also impedes in their over-all
van, ethylamphetamine, fencamfamine,
development. And since this use runs counter to the purpose and value of interscholastic
meclofenoxate, methamphetamine, meth-
programs, coaches, administrators, school officials or employees, or booster club/support
ylenedioxymethamphetamine ( MDMA,
group members have an obligation and responsibility to provide only healthy, safe, and
ecstasy), methylphenidate, nikethamide,
approved substances to student-athletes. IHSA By-Law 2.170, which took effect on July 1,
octopamine, pemoline pentretrazol,
All the respective releasing factors of
2007, strengthens the relationship between students and their schools by affirming the
phendimetrazine, phenmetrazine phenter-
the previously-mentioned substances
school’s commitment to offering a safe environment in which their students can develop.
mine, phenylpropanolamine (PPA), picro-
also are banned: erythropoietin (EPO),
toxine, pipradol, prolintane, strychnine,
darbepoetin, sermorelin
The purpose of this document is to provide schools, athletes, and parents with a description of those substances that are considered banned by the IHSA, and, therefore, substances student-athletes can not take and maintain their athletic eligibility.
This document presents the banned drug classes to be in effect for the 2008-09 school
none, clostebol, dehydrochlormethyltestos-
adjust the banned classes as necessary at any time. The classes shall be made available to
terone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA),
schools and other interested parties through the IHSA’s website.
dihydrotestosterone (DHT), dro-
ple.
(LH), growth hormone (HGH, somatotrophin), insulin like growth hormone
(IGF-1)
Definitions of unacceptable levels
depend on the following:
2. Anabolic Agents: Anabolic Steroids
ally approve the association’s banned drug classes, and that group reserves the right to
the prohibited class may be used, regardless of whether it is specifically listed as an exam-
gonadotrophin (hCG), luteinizing hormone
orange) , and related compounds
androstenediol, androstenedione, bolde-
class by their pharmacological action and/or chemical structure. No substance belonging to
Corticotrophin (ACTH), human chorionic
synephrine (citrus aurantium, zhi shi, bitter
year. As a part of the IHSA’s Drug Testing Program, the IHSA Board of Directors shall annu-
Background: The term “related compounds” comprises substances that are included in the
4. Peptide Hormones and Analogues
1for caffeine — if the concentration in
urine exceeds 15 micrograms/ml
2for testosterone — an adverse analytical
finding (positive result) based on any reliable analytical method (e.g., IRMS, GCMS,
mostanolone, epitrenbolone, fluoxymes-
CIR) which shows that the testosterone is
terone, gestrinone, mesterolone, methan-
of exogenous origin, or if the ration of
dienone, methyltesosterone, nandrolone,
total concentration of testosterone to that
norandrostenediol, norandrostenedione,
of epitestosterone in the urine is greater
norethandrolone, oxandrolone, oxymes-
Many nutritional/dietary supplements contain banned substances. In addition, the U.S.
terone, oxymetholone, stanozolol, testos-
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not strictly regulate the supplement industry;
terone2, tetrahydrogestrinone (THG), tren-
therefore purity and safety of nutritional dietary supplements cannot be guaranteed.
bolone, and related compounds
than 6:1, unless there is evidence that this
ratio is due to a physiological or pathological condition.
Impure supplements may lead to a violation of the IHSA Drug Testing Program. The use of
supplements is at the student-athlete’s own risk for students are ultimately responsible for
what they ingest. Student-athletes should contact their physician or athletic trainer for further information.
2
3
HEALTH & SAFETY SUMMARY OF PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES
This section provides answers to common questions about health and safety risks associated
with the Prohibited Classes of Substances and Prohibited Methods of Doping. It also provides
information concerning the legitimate medical use of substances. However, when these
compounds are misused, it constitutes a breach of ethics both by the user and supplier.
anabolic agents
diuretics and other masking agents
DIURETICS AND OTHER MASKING AGENTS
The primary medical use of these compounds is to treat conditions such as kidney
disease and congestive heart failure. Taken without medical supervision, diuretics
can result in potassium depletion and death.
What are some potential side effects of diuretics?
ANABOLIC AGENTS
k
Dehydration
The primary medical use of these compounds is to treat delayed puberty, some
k
Muscle cramps
k
Blood volume depletion
k
Drop in blood pressure
k
Severe electrolyte imbalance
types of impotence, and wasting of the body caused by HIV infection or other
muscle-wasting diseases.
What are some potential side effects of anabolic steroid abuse?
Some physiological and psychological side effects of anabolic steroid abuse have potential
to impact any user, while other side effects are gender specific.
hormones and related substances
HORMONES AND RELATED SUBSTANCES
NOTE: *- Effects may be permanent and can vary from individual to individual.
The primary medical use of these compounds is to treat cancer or someone
This list is not comprehensive.
born prematurely.
The presence of an abnormal concentration of an endogenous hormone or its diagnostic
Physiological side effects of anabolic steroid abuse
marker(s) in the urine (or other specimen) of an athlete constitutes doping, unless it has
k
Pustular acne on upper back
been conclusively documented to be solely due to a physiological or pathological condition.
k
Male pattern baldness
k
Liver Damage*
k
Premature closure of the growth centers of long bones (in adolescents)
which may result in stunted growth*
Examples of hormones include human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), adreno
corticotrophin (ACTH), human growth hormone (hGH), and erythropoietin (EPO).
k
BETA-2 AGONISTS
The primary medical use of these compounds is to treat conditions such as
asthma and other respiratory ailments. Beta-2 agonists have been shown to
Psychological
k
beta-2 agonists
have anabolic effects when consistently high levels are present in the blood.
Increased aggressiveness and sexual appetite, sometimes resulting in aberrant
sexual and criminal behavior, often referred to as “Roid Rage”
Withdrawal from anabolic steroid use can be associated with depression, and in
some cases, suicide
Males
Females
k
Breast tissue development*
k
Lowering of the voice*
k
Testicular atrophy*
k
Cessation of breast development
k
Impotence
k
k
Reduction in sperm production
Growth of hair on the face, stomach
and upper back *
k
Growth of the clitoris*
k
Serious disruption or cessation of the
menstrual cycle
What are some potential side effects of beta-2 agonists?
k
Increased heart rate and blood pressure
k
Headaches
k
Insomnia
k
Nausea
k
Tremors
k
Nervousness
NOTE: See Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE) policies pertaining to the use of beta-2 agonists
in USADA’s Guide to Prohibited Substances and Prohibited Methods.
There are many other health consequences associated with anabolic steroid abuse.
For more information, visit www.usada.org/steroids.
4
5
stimulants
glucocorticosteroids
STIMULANTS
GLUCOCORTICOSTEROIDS
The primary medical use of these compounds is to treat conditions such as
The primary medical use of these compounds is to treat allergies, asthma,
Attention Deficit Disorders (ADD/ADHD), asthma, narcolepsy, and obesity.
inflammatory conditions, skin disorders, and many other ailments.
What are some potential side effects and health risks of stimulants?
Glucocorticosteroids are often found in eye drops, ear drops, and nasal sprays.
In addition, they may be found in local injections and transmitted through iontophoresis and
k
Insomnia
k
Anxiety
k
Increased aggressiveness
k
Addiction to the stimulant(s) and withdrawal symptoms
k
Dehydration
k
Tremors
k
Increased heart rate and blood pressure
k
Increased risk of stroke, heart attack, and cardiac arrhythmia
k
Sudden death
inhalation.
agents with anti-estrogenic activity
AGENTS WITH ANTI-ESTROGENIC ACITIVITY
Agents with anti-estrogenic activity are drugs that are taken to block circulating estrogen
in the body. These agents can lead to many menopausal symptoms (i.e., hot flashes,
sweating, and insomnia). They are prohibited because they have been shown to enhance
performance.
SUMMARY OF SPECIFIED SUBSTANCES
alcohol
ALCOHOL
What about over-the-counter products containing stimulants?
Prohibited stimulants are often present in over-the-counter products such as nasal sprays,
diet aids, and headache/cold remedies. Because these products are readily available and
The safety of athletes and others involved in a competition is at risk if someone is
under the influence of alcohol, and therefore it is prohibited under the WADA Code for
certain sports.
commonly used, you must be careful to avoid inadvertently taking products containing
Although alcohol is the most widely abused drug socially, it does not generally improve
prohibited substances. Be sure to review the IHSA’s Banned Drug Classes and consult
sports performance. It depresses the central nervous system and adversely affects coordination
your physician prior to taking any supplement.
and fine hand-eye movements. Responsible authorities, including your school, may request
a determination of your breath or blood alcohol levels.
Be careful when purchasing medications in countries outside the U.S. A foreign
product with the same U.S. product name could contain prohibited substances.
beta-blockers
BETA-BLOCKERS
The primary medical use of beta-blockers is to control hypertension, cardiac
arrhythmias, angina pectoris, migraine, and nervous or anxiety-related conditions.
What about asthma medications?
The choice of medications in the treatment of asthma and respiratory ailments has
traditionally posed challenges in sport because many commonly prescribed drugs are
powerful stimulants. Some of these agents also possess anabolic properties, especially
Due to the continued misuse of beta-blockers in some anaerobic sports, tests for
beta-blockers may be determined at the request of
the responsible authorities.
when taken orally or by injection. Because of their stimulatory and potential anabolic
effects, limitations have been placed on their use.
6
7
THERAPEUTIC USE
EXEMPTIONS
(TUEs)
There may be circumstances in which treatment for either an acute or
chronic medical condition requires that you take a medication that contains a substance included on the IHSA Banned Drug Classes. As a part
of the IHSA’s Drug Testing Program, the IHSA’s Medical Review Officer
(MRO), will review all positive test results. If a student tests positive for a
substance on the IHSA’s Banned Drug Classes, he/she will be afforded
the opportunity to provide the MRO with documentation that demonstrates he/she has been prescribed the substance by a licensed physician
for a legitimate medical condition. The MRO,
though, will ultimately
decide whether or not a
DIETARY
SUPPLEMENTS
valid medical reason
The use of vitamins, minerals, herbs, amino acids, proteins, energy products,
exists for the posi-
and other dietary supplements, even if “approved” or “verified”, is
tive test result and make a final
completely at your own risk of committing an anti-doping rule violation.
recommendation to
If you take nutritional or dietary supplements you may test positive for a prohibited
the IHSA Executive
substance which is not disclosed on the product label. If you test positive you will be
Director regarding any
sanctioned in accordance with applicable rules.
violation of the drug testing
IHSA understands that some trade associations and reputable companies are attempting to
program.
test supplements and even are “verifying” or “certifying” that certain nutritional or dietary
Due to this additional layer of review, no TUE’s will be granted to student-
supplements are safe for athletes and others to use. Athletes do need to be aware that
athletes in advance of testing as a part of the IHSA’s Drug Testing Program.
these verification or certification programs do not guarantee that those dietary or nutritional supplements are free from minute amounts of prohibited substances which could result
in an adverse laboratory finding and a doping violation.
Bottom Line: IHSA warns against taking any dietary or nutritional supplements.
Athletes who take dietary or nutritional supplements, even if “approved” or “verified”,
do so at their own risk.
Athletes searching for a competitive edge often look to a supplement or special combination of nutrients to find it. Research has shown, however, that there are no quick-fix
supplements for improving sports performance. Consuming a wide variety of foods and
staying well hydrated are the basic cornerstones to reaching athletic potential. For more
information, see www.usada.org/go/nutrition.
8
9
IIIIIIIII
USADA, through its membership in the Coalition for Anabolic
IHSA Drug Testing Program
PROCEDURES
Steroid Precursor and Ephedra Regulation (CASPER), spearheaded the
introduction of the Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 2004. Signed
into law in October 2004, the Anabolic Steroid Control Act (S. 2195),
added certain anabolic steroid precursors to the list of controlled
The fundamental premise of the IHSA’s Drug Testing Program centers on the concept that student-athletes are ultimately responsible for everything they consume. Drug tests conducted
as a part of the IHSA’s Drug Testing Program in the 2008-09 school term will be conducted
post-competition. All tests will consist of selected student-athletes providing a urine sample.
substances.
These substances were regularly available for purchase over-the-counter and over
the internet as dietary supplements. As a result of the Anabolic Steroid Control Act,
which took effect January 20, 2005, certain anabolic steroid precursors are now illegal
Any student-athlete who represents his/her school in any IHSA athletic state series competition is subject to testing for any substance on the IHSA’s Banned Drug Classes. The purpose
of this section is detail the procedures for the drug testing program.
to possess or distribute without a medical prescription.
A few of the most notable precursors identified in the Act include androstenedione,
androstenediole, and 4-hydroxy-19nortestosterone.
Don’t let a mistake jeopardize your career. Remember that everything you
consume is ultimately your responsibility.
According to the Anabolic Steroid Control Act:
k
Possession of a single prohormone tablet is punishable by up to a year in jail
(even if the product was purchased prior to the change in the law).
k
ATHLETE’S RIGHTS & RESPONSIBILITIES
Distribution of these substances is a felony punishable by up to five years in
As an athlete, you have a number of rights and responsibilities
prison for a first offense.
with respect to doping control. Many of your responsibilities
are task-related requirements to ensure you are in compliance
For more information or a complete copy of the Act, visit www.casper207.com.
with doping control policies, and are ultimately in place
‘‘
AS AN ATHLETE, YOU HAVE THE RESPONSIBILITY TO YOURSELF,
‘‘
FAMILY, FRIENDS AND FANS TO COMPETE CLEAN. ASIDE FROM RISKING YOUR OWN
to help ensure the integrity of the process.
When selected for testing, your rights include:
k
Having a representative accompany you throughout the doping control process
(this representative is not allowed in the area where you actually provide the sample)
k
Having a language interpreter present, if available
k
Having the testing procedures explained to you, including how the sample collection
equipment works
HEALTH, YOU JEOPARDIZE THE PURITY OF SPORT AND IT’S IMPORTANT TO SET AN
EXAMPLE FOR YOUNGER ATHLETES.
k
Having a choice of sample collection kits
k
Receiving a copy of all forms used to document the processing of your sample
– GENAI KERR water polo
10
11
IIIIIIIII
Your responsibilities during a doping control test include:
NOTIFICATION
k
Complying with the doping control procedure**
k
Staying in view of the Collection Team Member or Chaperone from the time you are
lection team or a representative from the IHSA or the student’s
notified until the sample collection session is complete
school administration will notify the student-athlete that he/she
Keeping your collection container and your sample in your possession and in view
has been selected for testing. (The school will not be notified
of the Collection Team Member at all times
which students will be tested until some determined point after
If selected for testing, an official member of the specimen col-
k
the contest has begun so students should be able to perform
k
Having control of your sample until it is sealed in the sample collection bottles
in the contest/event without any trepidation.)
(the Collection Team Member may assist you)
k
Ensuring that your sample code number is correctly documented on the Doping
Reporting for a test
Control Official Record
k
Following an IHSA state series competition where testing will occur, student-athletes will be
Ensuring that all appropriate paperwork is accurate, complete, and signed
**NOTE: As defined by the Code: ‘Refusing, or failing without compelling justification,
officially notified of their random selection to participate in the IHSA Drug-Testing Program.
At this time, student-athletes will be escorted to the test location by a member of the spec-
to submit to Sample collection after notification as authorized in applicable anti-doping
imen collection team or representative from the IHSA. Parents may accompany their
rules or otherwise evading Sample collection’, is an anti-doping rule violation.
sons/daughters to the test location. Notification and reporting will begin shortly, although
not immediately, after a contest’s conclusion so student-athletes will need to check in with
their coach before leaving the contest site in the event they aren’t returning to the school
SELECTION
with the rest of the team following competition.
If selected, students will be able to do the following before reporting to the test location:
How could I be selected for IHSA testing at a competition and/or event?
k
Attend an awards ceremony
k
(if applicable) compete in further events on that day
k
Attend to personal obligations such as:
Any student-athlete who represents his/her school in any IHSA
athletic state series event will be subject to drug testing. (The
IHSA’s Third Party Administrator (TPA) will be responsible for the
administration of all tests associated with the testing program.)
• Receiving necessary medical attention
Student-athletes will be selected at random from a list of all
• Fulfilling media obligations
those student-athletes participating in IHSA-sponsored state
• Cooling down
series competition at which drug-testing is taking place. Since
selection is random, it’s important to note that a student could
be tested more than once in any given IHSA state series.
PROVIDING A URINE SAMPLE
If you have a representative with you, he/she can accompany you
in the waiting and processing areas of the Testing Station. However,
he/she will be asked to remain in the waiting area while
you provide your sample.
The following points describe what you should typically expect when
providing a sample. During this process, you should:
k
Have at least two specimen collection beakers from which to choose.
k
Be instructed to select a sealed specimen collection beaker and visually inspect to insure
that it is empty, clean, and structurally sound.
12
13
SPECIMEN COLLECTION PROTOCOLS
1. Only those persons authorized by the collection crew chief or client representative/site
coordinator will be allowed in the collection station.
2. Upon entering the collection station, the athlete will provide photo identification and/or
a client representative/site coordinator will identify the athlete and the athlete will officially be signed into the collection station.
3. The crew chief and/or client representative may release a sick or injured athlete from
the collection station or may release an athlete to return to competition or meet academic obligations only after appropriate arrangements for having the athlete tested
10. Fluids and food given to athletes who have difficulty voiding must be from sealed containers (approved by the collector) that are opened and consumed in the station. These
items must be free of any banned substances.
11. If the specimen is incomplete, the athlete must remain in the collection station until the
sample is completed. An initial temperature reading from the beaker will be recorded.
During this period, the athlete is responsible for keeping the collection beaker closed
and controlled.
12. If the specimen is incomplete and the athlete must leave the collection station for a
reason approved by the collector, the specimen must be discarded.
13. Upon return to the collection station, the athlete will begin the collection procedure
have been made and documented.
4. The athlete will select a sealed collection beaker from a supply of such and will record
his/her initials on the collection beaker’s lid or attach a unique bar code label to the
again.
14. The collection processor will pour off a small volume of the specimen into a separate
container to perform specimen validity checks. Specific gravity will be measured first,
beaker.
5. Athletes may not carry any item other than his/her beaker into the restroom when providing a specimen. The athlete must remove all outer clothing (e.g., jackets, sweaters).
Any problem or concern should be brought to the attention of the collection crew chief
and if in range, the collector will measure the pH of the urine in the presence of the
athlete.
15. If the urine has a specific gravity below 1.005 (1.010 if measured with a reagent strip),
or client representative for documentation. Athletes must wash and dry hands prior to
the specimen will be discarded by the athlete. The athlete must remain in the collec-
urination.
tion station until another specimen is provided. The athlete will provide another speci-
6. A collector will serve as a monitor to assure the integrity of the specimen until the designated volume of urine has been collected. The monitor must secure the room being
men.
16. If the urine has a pH greater than 7.5 or less than 4.5 (with reagent strip), the speci-
used for the monitored collection so that no one except the athlete and the monitor
men will be discarded by the athlete. The athlete must remain in the collection station
can enter it until after the collection has been completed. Dying agents will be added
until another specimen is provided. The athlete will provide another specimen.
to toilet bowls to prevent sample substitution and any unsupervised access to water
will be eliminated during the collection process.
7. Monitors must be members of the official drug-testing crew and of the same gender as
the athlete providing the sample. The procedure requires the athlete to empty con-
17. If the urine has a specific gravity above 1.005 (1.010 if measured with a reagent strip)
and the urine has a pH between 4.5 and 7.5 inclusive, the specimen will be processed
and sent to the laboratory.
18. The laboratory will make final determination of specimen adequacy.
tents of all pockets and place in container to be left in a location where the athlete and
the monitor can observe. The monitor must request the athlete raise his/her shirt high
enough to observe the midsection area completely ruling out any attempt to manipulate or substitute a sample.
19. If the laboratory determines that an athlete’s specimen is inadequate for analysis, at the
client’s discretion, another specimen may be collected.
20. If an athlete is suspected of manipulating specimens (e.g., via dilution), the client will
8. The monitor will allow the athlete to enter the stall and close the door for privacy during the voiding process. If the monitor hears sounds or makes other observations indi-
have the authority to perform additional tests on the athlete.
21. Once a specimen has been provided that meets the on-site specific gravity and pH
cating an attempt to tamper with a specimen, there must be an additional collection
parameters, the athlete will select a specimen collection kit and a uniquely numbered
under direct supervision.
Chain of Custody Form (or uniquely numbered set of bar code seals) from a supply of
9. Once a specimen is provided, the athlete is responsible for keeping the collection
beaker closed and controlled. The monitor will escort the athlete to the collection pro-
such.
22. A collector will record the specific gravity and pH values.
cessing area.
14
15
23. For split sample packaging, the collector will pour approximately 35 mL of the speci-
k
If the sample is deemed unsuitable, the specimen processor may instruct you to pour it
men into the “A vial” and the remaining amount (approximately 15 mL) into the “B
out and stay in the testing room until a suitable sample is collected. Typically the rea-
vial.” For single sample packaging, the collector will pour 50 mL into the “A vial.”
sons that a specimen processor will ask you to provide a second sample are that:
Samples will be shipped to a WADA accredited laboratory.
k
24. The collector will place the cap on each vial in the presence of the athlete; the collector
The sample does not meet pH and/or specific gravity requirements. In this case,
the original specimen will be poured out and the student-athlete will be required to
will then seal each vial in the required manner under the observation of the athlete and
provide another sample until it is within the required physiological limits. (No more
witness (if present).
than three specimens will be collected for an out of range pH. Samples with a low
specific gravity reading will be poured out until a sample with a suitable specific
25. Vials and forms (if any) sent to the laboratory shall not contain the name of the athlete.
gravity is collected.)
26. All sealed specimens will be secured in a shipping case. The collector will prepare the
case for forwarding.
k
There is some doubt as to the origin or authenticity of the sample. In this case, the
sample will be packaged according to protocol and a second sample will be collect-
27. The athlete, processing collector, monitor and witness (if present) will sign affidavits on
ed. Both samples will be sent to the laboratory.
the Custody and Control Form (paper or paperless) affirming all procedures were followed as described in the protocol. Any deviation from the procedures must be
described and recorded. If deviations are alleged, the athlete will be required to pro-
GIVING CONSENT FOR TESTING
vide another specimen.
Schools will be required to have on file a signed consent
28. After the collection has been completed, the specimens will be forwarded to the laboratory and copies of any forms forwarded to the designated persons.
form for each student who represents the school in any IHSA
athletic state series event. The consent form, which can be
found on the IHSA website under the “Downloadable Forms
29. The specimens become the property of the client.
30. If the athlete does not comply with the collection process, the collector will notify the
client representative/site coordinator and third party administrator responsible for man-
and Graphics” link, must be signed by the student-athlete
and his/her parent or guardian prior to the student representing the school in the post-season. Students who fail to complete the consent form are not
eligible for IHSA post-season competition.
agement of the drug-testing program.
SAMPLE SECURITY AND LABORATORY ANALYSIS
SAMPLE PROCESSING
How do I know that my sealed urine sample won’t be tampered with?
NOTE: Your representative (if you have one) may be present during
All sample collection kit bottles are secured with a tamper evident seal, and all samples
the remainder of the procedure.
are sent in a shipping container to WADA accredited laboratories. These laboratories are
After providing your urine sample, a member of the collection
equipped with devices to remove the sealed sample bottle lids without compromising
team will ask you to select a sealed specimen collection kit.
the sample.
k
Examine the kit to ensure that it is sealed and not damaged.
k
The specimen processor will then open the sample kit, pour a prescribed amount of
urine into each of the two sample kit bottles and seal the bottles. The specimen
processor will check to ensure that the bottles are properly sealed and that there is no
leakage. The specimen processor will confirm that the urine sample is within the
required physiological limits.
16
17
What kind of information accompanies my urine sample to the lab?
RESULTS MANAGEMENT
Every sample sent to the WADA accredited laboratory is accompanied by a custody and
control form (unless collected using the paperless Secure Collection Automated Network
The IHSA’s Drug Testing Program was designed in a manner consistent with procedures
[SCAN]), which does not include your name. The information on the custody and control
already outlined in the IHSA Constitution and By-laws. With that in mind, schools and stu-
form contains:
dent-athletes should know the program will follow a process that:
k
The sample code number that matches the numbers on the sample collection kit
k
Your sport
k
The date and time of the sample collection
k
Your gender
•
Is fair to student-athletes and others
•
Has credibility
•
Provides for appropriate due process to student-athletes and schools with the
right to an appeal
What is the notification process for test results?
It is expected that the IHSA Office will receive results from administered tests approximately
10 days after the selected contest/event. At that point, if the test results for a particular
school come back negative, the testing cycle for that school at that event will be finished.
At this time, the IHSA Board of Directors is reviewing how to best notify schools of those
negative test results.
However, in the event a test result is positive, the IHSA’s Medical Review Officer (MRO) will
be charged with the responsibility of determining whether or not there is a valid medical
reason for the positive test result. As a part of that determination process, the MRO will
allow the student-athlete and/or his/her family/legal guardians to present materials or documentation that supports the student’s position of the medical condition that brought about
the positive test result. Those materials could include, for example, a prescription from a
licensed physician for the substance for which the student-athlete tested positive. The
presentation of such information, though, doesn’t guarantee the student-athlete will be
granted a medical exemption by the MRO. A complete explanation of the medical review
process can be found in the IHSA’s PED Testing Policy, which is located at www.ihsa.org/initiatives/sportsMedicine/index.htm
What is the appeal process for a student-athlete who is found to be in violation of
the drug testing program?
Student-athletes who are found to be in violation of the IHSA Drug Testing Program can
appeal their suspension in accordance with the provisions set forth in Section 1.460 of the
IHSA Constitution.
18
19
What are the consequences for a student-athlete who is found to have violated
the IHSA’s Drug Testing Program?
Any person who tests positively in an IHSA administered test, or any person who refuses to
provide a testing sample, or any person who reports his or her own violation, shall immediately forfeit his or her eligibility to participate in IHSA competition for a period of 365 days
from the test results are reported to the student and the school. Any such person shall also
forfeit any individual honor earned while in violation. The student may apply for reinstatement of his/her athletic eligibility no sooner than 90 calendar days of the suspension following successful completion of an approved educational program and testing negative in a subsequent random drug test administered by the association’s third party test administrator.
RESOURCES
For those interested in other drug testing information—information not about IHSA’s
performance-enhancing program, these links may be of interest.
USADA RESOURCES
Check your knowledge about USADA’s Testing Program
online at www.usada.org/advantage
DRUG REFERENCE RESOURCES:
k
Prohibited List: www.usada.org/go/prohibitedlist
the student. Additionally, the IHSA reserves the right to randomly test, in accordance with
k
Drug Reference Online™: www.usada.org/dro
the procedures outlined in this policy, any such person who tests positively in an IHSA admin-
k
Drug Reference Line™: (800) 233-0393 (toll-free) or (719) 785-2020 (outside the U.S.)
istered test.
k
Guide to Prohibited Substances and Prohibited Methods of Doping:
www.usada.org/go/prohibitedguide
What are the consequences for a team or school that has an individual who is
k
Wallet Card: www.usada.org/go/walletcard
k
TUE Process: www.usada.org/go/TUEs
The costs of the educational program, and the additional drug test, are the responsibility of
found to have violated the IHSA’s Drug Testing Program?
Under the provisions of Article 1.460 of the IHSA Constitution, the Executive Director will
TM
evaluate each positive test result situation on a case by case basis to determine if a
NOTE: USADA’s Drug Reference resources do not provide medical advice and do not
team/school penalty is appropriate.
include information about dietary supplements.
OTHER RESOURCES:
Resource Exchange Center
k
An interactive site where athletes, coaches, or parents can ask drug testing related
questions to members of Drug Free Sports’ staff: 877-202-0769 or
www.drugfreesport.com/rec
Visit USADA’s Youth and Health Initiatives online –
ThatsDope.org Logo
Final Reproduction Art
PMS Coated
k
Youth in Sports – www.usadakids.org
k
Thatsdope.org – www.thatsdsope.org
k
Cheating Your Health – www.usada.org/steroids
TM
PMS 1395 C
PMS Black C
Mud
Coal
Cover basketball photo by Stuart Franklin/Getty Images.
Copyright 2007 USADA. All Rights Reserved.
This handbook may be copied and distributed in its entirety. Permission to reprint or redistribute
altered or excerpted material will be granted on a case by case basis; all requests must be made
in writing to the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency.
20
21
2715 McGraw Drive
Bloomington,
Illinois 61704
Tel: (309) 663-6377
Fax: (309) 663-7479
General e-mail: [email protected]
Web site: www.ihsa.org