building for the future with Dimplex ROUTEONE

February 2009
Cl/SFB (56)
to obtain your ROUTEONE
solution guides:
building for the
future with Dimplex
ROUTEONE
visit: www.dimplex.co.uk/routeone
phone: 01489 773336
email: [email protected]
sustainable heating solutions up to 2016 and beyond
Dimplex, Millbrook House, Grange Drive, Hedge End, Southampton, SO30 2DF
For Northern Ireland please contact – Glen Dimplex N I Limited, 5 Charlestown Avenue, Charlestown Industrial Estate,
Charlestown Road, Craigavon, BT63 5ZF. Telephone: 02838 337317
www.dimplex.co.uk/routeone
Designed and produced by CCA Marketing Limited, Christchurch (Bournemouth). www.cca-marketing.com
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index
why?
Why RouteOne?
3
The future of energy in the UK
4
Zero carbon homes
5
Building regulations Part L
6
Code for sustainable homes
8
The Code in context
9
The UK housebuilding industry faces an extraordinary
challenge in these times of worry over climate change
and security of fuel supplies. Legislation and initiatives
aimed at improving the sustainability of the built
One solution. All the options
10
Summary of technical guides
12
Case study – Part L 2006
13
Case study – Code Level 3 using electric heating
14
Case study – Code Level 3 using heat pumps
15
environment require an increasingly holistic approach
between construction and building services; and with
the industry moving so quickly, where can building
services specifiers go for guidance on how heating and
hot water solutions fit within the “bigger picture”?
Dimplex RouteOne is designed to guide specifiers
through this regulatory maze, by providing in
depth, practical solutions to complying with Building
Regulations and the Code for Sustainable Homes,
focusing on achieving different levels of building
efficiency through combinations of fabric, heating, hot
water and ventilation strategies, culminating in flexible
solutions to help you build a system that works for you.
This document is designed to give you an overview of
the key issues and solutions for anyone involved in the
specification of energy efficient heating. More detailed
specifier guides which show different compliance
strategies are available separately.
“Reducing the carbon emissions in our new
housing is a good starting point but we
need to be realistic and set targets that
are achievable by the house building
industry in reality and not just on paper.”
Dr. David Strong
Inbuilt Consulting
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the future of energy in the UK
zero carbon homes
Climate change is the greatest threat facing the planet,
with rising temperatures causing more droughts,
floods, storms and sea levels to rise. According to the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC 2001), it appears that the impacts of weather
related disasters are increasing two to three times more
rapidly than impacts due to earthquakes.
The energy we use to heat, light and power our
homes produces 27% of the UK’s CO2 emissions, with
each household producing around 1.54 tonnes of
carbon dioxide per year. Improving energy efficiency
in buildings is the most cost effective way to both cut
climate-destroying CO2 emissions and reduce the
amount of fossil fuels we require.
Most scientists agree that climate change is largely due to human activity, mainly the increased
It makes sense to address the issue of carbon emissions from new homes – the under-
use of fossil fuels which release greenhouse gases (including carbon dioxide) when burnt,
supply of housing in the UK now requires a new build programme to produce 30%
prompting the government to set itself some tough targets for the reduction of carbon emissions.
of the country’s housing stock by 2050. This presents a vital opportunity to address
the issues not just of carbon emissions but also of water usage, waste generation and
As a major contribution to the “global deal” on climate change, the UK has a commitment
numerous other key environmental areas, by changing the way we design our homes.
to cutting greenhouse gas emissions by 80% over 1990 levels by 2050. The UK also has a
binding commitment under the EU Renewable Energy Directive to provide 20% of its energy from
The “zero carbon home” is held up as an ideal for the housebuilding industry
renewable resources by 2020 – currently just 2% of electricity comes from renewable sources
with the Code for Sustainable Homes providing a roadmap towards all new
such as wind and hydro power. Without doubt, cleaner and more efficient forms of energy
homes meeting this standard by 2016.
generation and distribution will be required to ensure the government meets its obligations.
Energy for heating, hot water and ventilation services are today the major energy
What’s more, aside from the climate change issue, security of the UK’s energy supply is
consumers in the home. In the future this will have to be dramatically reduced through
a concern. With peak global oil availability approaching and the UK a net importer of
improved building fabric standards, heat recovery systems and renewable source of heat
gas since 2004, there is a recognised need for a dramatic shift in UK energy policy.
and power.
The inevitable move to low carbon, renewable energy plus a longer term objective
to increase the contribution from nuclear power in the face of dwindling fossil fuel
supplies will mean a greater dependency on electricity as the prime energy source.
“Now over the coming decades, we must move from a largely
fossil fuel based economy to an economy primarily powered by
low carbon energy.”
UK household carbon emissions
Energy consumption – typical new build apartment
water heating 32%
lighting and
appliances 30%
Gordon Brown
Speech to Foreign Press Association, November 2007
“We [the government]
have committed to
ensuring that all homes
built from 2016 will be
zero carbon… There is
broad agreement that
this is ambitious, but
achievable.”
Caroline Flint
“Renewable power can play a bigger role, not just in electricity
but heating too... We need a [energy] market that secures
future supply, including investment in nuclear power.”
Former Minister for Housing,
speaking at Ecobuild,
February 2008
Ed Milliband
Energy and Climate Change Secretary, October 2008
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space heating 28%
cooking 10%
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Building Regulations Part L
Overview
Building Regulations Part L deals with the Conservation of Fuel and Power from
Buildings. “Approved Document L” was last updated in 2006 and compliance is now
based on buildings not exceeding a calculated maximum level of CO2 emissions
per m2 of floor area per year. This is calculated based on the insulation properties of
the building materials used, the type and fuel of the heating system, hot water and
ventilation services specified and the “air tightness” of the building.
As well as being based solely on carbon dioxide emissions for the first time, the 2006
target level was also reduced over the equivalent 2002 regulations.
Further changes to Part L will come over the next 8 years, reducing the target level each
time until we get to 2016 where all new homes will have to be “zero carbon”.
Electric heating solutions and Part L
Because of the way electricity is currently generated, electric is measured in SAP as having
a high CO2 content, so many consultants and developers mistakenly believe that it is
not possible to comply with the current, let alone future, versions of Part L using electric
heating. However Dimplex understands the detail of the regulation and SAP – the tool used
to calculated CO2 emissions from buildings. We have successfully assisted many customers,
large and small, in achieving compliance through:
• Specifying appropriate electric heating products and control solutions
• Advising on good/best practice building fabric and air tightness performance standards
• Suggesting the use of solar hot water heating or mechanical ventilation/heat recovery
systems where necessary
• Maximising the benefit of the Block Assessment calculation methodology
An example of compliance under Part L is provided on page 13 of this booklet, but further
detailed technical specifications are provided in our technical guide – Dimplex RouteOne
Specifiers Guide to Electric Heating Solutions Part L up to and including 2010.
Our website also has a handy online compliance calculator to help demonstrate whether a
building is likely to achieve a pass or fail. Visit the RouteOne section of the website for details.
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Code for Sustainable Homes
THE CODE FOR
SUSTAINABLE
HOMES TM
The Code in context
The Code for Sustainable Homes sets a single national
standard within which the home-building industry can
design and construct homes to higher environmental
standards. Performance is measured across 9 key
sustainable design categories, including energy/CO2,
water consumption, materials, ecology, pollution and
waste.
While for the private sector the Code is a voluntary
standard (i.e. there is no legal mandatory requirement
for specific levels of the Code to be met), it is mandatory
for all new homes to be marketed with a Code rating
(even if zero). The intention is to encourage the market
to drive demand for higher quality homes.
Each category is assessed against a set of performance criteria, for which credits are
standard and all social housing is required to meet level 3 as a minimum.
awarded and an overall sustainability score calculated. From the Energy category the
Code requires a minimum mandatory improvement in CO2 emissions over and above
Part L at each level of the Code:
In the public sector, Code level 3 has been adopted as the current “Best Practice”
Local planning authorities are also adopting the Code (either in full or, as a minimum,
the Energy section) as a means to improve building standards regionally. It is
increasingly becoming a condition of planning consent for new developments to meet a
specified Code level, frequently Code level 3.
•
Level 1: 10%
•
Level 2: 18%
The Code indicates the direction for future amendments to Building Regulations Part L, with
step changes in maximum permissible CO2 emissions being tied closely to the various Code
levels; the forthcoming changes in 2010 are likely to move to the current Code 3 standard
(25%), 2013 changes to the Code level 4 standard and Level 6 to be achieved by 2016.
•
Level 3: 25%
•
Level 4: 44%
•
Level 5: 100%
•
Level 6: Zero carbon (including appliances)
However the significance of public sector housing and regional planning policy needs to
be recognised, in that effectively these legislative standards will be accelerated, resulting
in 2013 more likely to be the real requirement for zero carbon homes.
The Code for Sustainable Homes Route Map
Private
sector
(energy)
Assessment
mandatory
Level 3 (25%)
mandatory
Level 4 (44%)
mandatory
Voluntary
Level 6
‘Zero Carbon’ Home
mandatory
The Code uses a 1 – 6 star rating system to communicate the overall sustainability of
the home, with 1 star being above the standard of current building regulations and 6
stars – the highest rating level, meeting the “zero carbon home” requirement.
Time-line:
Public
sector
(energy)
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2007 2008
Level 3 (25%)
mandatory
2010
Level 4 (44%)
mandatory
2113
2016
Level 6
‘Zero Carbon’ Home
mandatory
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One solution. All the options.
Electric heating works hand-in-hand with renewable energy sources,
such as solar thermal water heating, heat pumps, heat recovery
systems and wind generators, and as the electricity supply becomes
decarbonised it really is the fuel of the future.
With domestic space and water heating accounting for over 70% of
the average home’s carbon emissions, using a variety of technologies
creatively and incorporating renewables can reduce emissions
dramatically.
Dimplex offers a wide range of advanced heating solutions, including
renewable options, for an efficient, economical and low-carbon way
to meet the different demands of Part L and the Code for Sustainable
Homes.
Electric space heating
Today’s electric heating solutions are flexible and controllable. From
highly accurate electronic thermostats through to advanced four-zone
programmers for whole-house control, electric heating can be matched
closely to the user’s lifestyle for maximum energy efficiency.
Heat pumps
Across air, ground and water source models, Dimplex offers the UK’s
widest range. Highly efficient, heat pumps can deliver up to 4kWh of
useful heat for every 1kWh of energy they consume and are widely
regarded as one of the most efficient forms of heating available today.
Solar water heating
Solar thermal water heating is one of the most straightforward ways
to add green points to a development. Easily integrated with electric
heating, it can provide up to 60% of a domestic property’s hot water
requirement.
Water heating
As water heating can now account for a higher proportion of the
overall energy requirement, matching the water heating system to the
user’s requirements avoids wastage.
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Case study 1 – Part L 2006: electric heating
Development type:
Compliance strategies
3 floors)
Client objectives:
Your guide to our guides
Guide 1
Specifiers Guide to Electric Heating Solutions
Part L up to and including 2010
– Flats and Terraced Housing
Flatted
development (6 x 52m2 apartments over
Meet the
requirements of Building Regulations Part L
2006 using conventional electric heating
For buildings containing multiple dwellings,
it is permissible to use a whole block
methodology to demonstrate compliance.
This is done by calculating the individual
TER/DER for each dwelling and calculating
the floor area weighted average TER and
DER for the block.
Guide 2
Specifiers Guide to Achieving Code Level 3
This, together with a strategy of reducing fabric u-values and improving air tightness beyond the minimum
using Electric Heating – Flats and Terraced Housing
mandatory standards, in combination with using the most controllable of electric heating appliances allows
compliance to be easily achieved.
Typical compliance specification
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Guide 3
Specifiers Guide to Achieving Code Level 3
Fabric U-values
Walls
using Heat Pumps – Flats
Roof
0.11
W/m2K
Ground Floor
0.25
Doors
1.80
Windows
1.80
Thermal bridging
0.08
Ventilation:
Air tightness
7.0
0.30
Guide 4
Specifiers Guide to Achieving Code Level 3
using Heat Pumps – Housing
Heating System:
Primary space heating:
Dimplex DuoHeat radiators
Controls:
Onboard thermostats, central control programmer
Guide 5
Specifiers Guide to Achieving Code Level 4
using Heat Pumps – Flats
Natural ventilation
Mechanical extract ventilation in bathroom and kitchen
Water heating:
Ground/Mid floor flats:
Dimplex direct electric unvented cylinders, twin immersion
Top floor flats:
Dimplex 2m2 solar and single coil solar cylinder, twin immersions
Secondary heating (10%):
Electric
Low Energy Lighting:
Internal:
25%
CO2 Emissions
Block TER
36.94
Block DER
36.91
Result
PASS
Guide 6
Specifiers Guide to Achieving Code Level 4
For a copy of our detailed Specifiers Guide to Electric Heating Solutions Part L up to and including 2010 – Flats
using Heat Pumps – Housing
and Terraced Housing please email [email protected], visit www.dimplex.co.uk or ring 0845 600 5111.
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Case study 2 – Code Level 3: electric heating
Case study 3 – Code Level 3: heat pumps
Development type: Flatted
Development type: Flatted development
development (6 x 52m2 apartments over
(42 x 65m2 apartments over 3 floors)
3 floors)
Client objectives: Meet the requirements of Code
Client objectives: Meet the
for Sustainable Homes Level 3 using Air Source Heat Pumps
requirements of Code for Sustainable Homes
Air source heat pumps are recognised in the Code as a
Level 3 using conventional electric heating
Low-Zero Carbon Technology and when applied as a
central heat generator as part of a communal heating
For buildings containing multiple dwellings, it is
system in a block of apartments can provide an extremely
permissible to apply a whole block methodology
flexible and cost effective solution to compliance with the
to demonstrate compliance with the Energy
Code. This is particularly relevant if roof space/orientation
section of the Code, provided all dwellings
does not easily allow for solar thermal or where buildings are architecturally more complex.
are grouped together by a common building
services strategy. This is done by calculating the individual TER/DER for each dwelling and calculating the floor
The Energy Group block compliance methodology has been employed in combination with building envelope and
area weighted average TER and DER for the block.
air tightness improvements. Dimplex high capacity air to water heat pumps (outputs up to 40kW) are specified to
provide centralised heating, with domestic hot water provided by direct electricity (for ease of application). This, together with a strategy of reducing fabric u-values and improving air tightness beyond the minimum
mandatory standards, in combination with using the most controllable of electric heating appliances and solar
hot water heating allows compliance to be easily achieved.
The solution can be enhanced to use the heat pumps to provide domestic hot water; combined with solar hot water
heating; or specified with ground source heat pumps in place of air source to achieve higher levels of the Code.
Typical compliance specification
Fabric U-values
Walls
Typical compliance specification
0.30
Roof
0.11
W/m2K
Ground Floor
0.25
Doors
1.80
Windows
1.80
Thermal bridging
0.08
Ventilation
Air tightness
7.0
Natural ventilation
Mechanical extract ventilation in bathroom and kitchen
Heat Loss Parameter
1.1
Heating System
Primary space heating
Dimplex DuoHeat radiators
Controls
Onboard thermostats, central control programmer
Water heating
The cost of employing this solution is in the region of £2000 per apartment.
2
Dimplex 2m solar and single coil solar cylinder, twin immersions
to each property
Secondary heating (10%)
Electric
Low Energy Lighting
Internal
75%
External
100%
CO2 Emissions
Energy Group TER
36.94
Energy Group DER
26.98
% Improvement
26.97 %
Result
Compliance with minimum mandatory requirement of 25% CO2 saving for Code 3
11 Credits scored for Energy Section
Fabric U-values
Walls
Roof
0.30
0.11
W/m2K
Ground Floor
0.25
Doors
1.80
Windows
1.80
Thermal bridging
0.08
Ventilation
Air tightness
5.0
Mechanical ventilation with Heat Recovery (SAP Appendix Q listed)
Heat Loss Parameter
1.1
Heating System
Heat Pump
3 x Dimplex LA 28 AS communal air source heat pumps
Heat Distribution
Low temperature heat emitters (e.g. UFH)
Controls
Room thermostats
Water heating
Dimplex direct electric unvented cylinders, twin immersion
Secondary heating (10%)
Electric
Low Energy Lighting
Internal
75%
External
100%
CO2 Emissions
Energy Group TER
36.94
Energy Group DER
27.48
Improvement
25.6%
Result
Compliance with minimum mandatory requirement of 25% CO2 saving for Code 3
11 Credits scored for Energy Section
For a copy of our detailed Specifiers Guide to Achieveing Code Level 3 using Electric Heating – Flats and
For a copy of our detailed Specifiers Guide to Achieving Code Level 3 using Heat Pumps – Flats please email
Terraced Housing please email [email protected], visit www.dimplex.co.uk or ring 0845 600 5111.
[email protected], visit www.dimplex.co.uk or ring 0845 600 5111.
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