BMC Fact File and PPP

Fact Sheet for Mumbai Shikshan Companikaran Virodhi Abhiyan
(BrihanMumbai Municipal Corporation – Education Department)
Compilation: Simantini Dhuru
I. Overview
-
Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation is the richest municipal corporation in India. It is guided by a variety of legal instruments such as the Municipal
Corporation of Greater Mumbai Act, 1888, the Bombay Primary Education Act, 1920 and now the Children’s Right to Free and Compulsory Education Act
2009 (RtE 09).
The BMC provides free education to nearly 4, 00,000 children enrolled in around 1174 schools (Source: RTI sought by us dated 30.9.2011).
It is the only local self government body which offers instruction in 8 languages. (Marathi, Hindi, Urdu, Gujarati, Kannada, Tamil, Telegu, English)
While majority of schools cater to classes between Ist to VIIth the break up is roughly as follows. (Source: RTI sought by us dated 30.9.2011)
Ist to IVth: 148 (Approx. As exact break-up is not given in the RTI reply)
Ist to VIIth: 905 (Based on our field data since we work directly with these schools)
Ist to Xth: 48 (Source: RTI)
Schools for Mentally Challenged: 18 (MR schools) (Source: RTI)
Jr. K.G. to Xth: 55 (Mumbai Public Schools or MPS which claim to offer instruction in English medium. The teachers in these schools though trained as per
NCTE norms are paid a consolidated salary and are temporary.) (Source: RTI)
While the expenditure of the BMC schools on education has increased sharply in recent years, the increase is mostly being spent on paying salaries and
pensions of employees. (Source: IndiaSpend’s Prachi Salve based on RTIs.)
The number of students attending regional language schools is declining while the number of students attending English schools is increasing. The
number of teachers has been falling for regional schools but is increasing in English schools. And the numbers of students and teachers have been
increasing in schools for the mentally challenged. (Source: IndiaSpend. Prachi Salve based on RTIs.)
II. Financial Overview: Providing Free Education
Most of the education department’s income comes from grants from the state and central governments and the education cess collected by the
corporation. According to budget estimates of this year, capital receipts for the education budget wereRs547 crore, which was 235% higher compared to
last year’s Rs163 crore. (Source: IndiaSpend. Prachi Salve)
Page 1 of 22
The BMC spends around 8- 9% of income on education, and it plans to spend nearly Rs. 2,342 crore this year. Table 1 shows the increase in expenditure
on education from 2008-09 to 2012–13.
Table 1: Increasing Focus On Education
Type of
2008 – 09
expenditure
2009 – 10
2010 – 11
2011 – 12
(R.E)
2012 – 13
(B.E)
Capital
expenditure
63.21
74.48
41.76
179.87
367.01
Revenue
Expenditure
851.19
1,036.03
1,016.45
1,237.47
1,975.62
Total
expenditure
914.40
1,110.51
1,058.21
1,417.34
2,342.63
(Figures in Rs crore; Source: BMC Budget 2012)
It’s clear from Table 1 that there has seen an increase of nearly 65% from Rs 1,417 crore in 2011-12 to Rs 2,342 crore in 2012-13. The per student expense
has increased 36% from Rs 27,056 in 2010-11 to Rs 36,750 in 2011-12.
Much of the increase in spending on education can be explained by the constant growth of the revenue expenditure. Revenue expenditure includes
establishment expenses (salaries and pensions of employees), operation and maintenance (O&M) of schools and debt servicing on loans raised by the
corporation. Even though the revenue expenditure has declined from 96% in 2010–11 to 84% in 2012 -13, it still remains significantly high.
The majority of revenue expenditure is spent on salaries and pensions of employees. According to the 2012-13 budget for the education department
(Budget E), nearly55% of revenue expenditure is being spent on salaries and pensions while only a mere 9% is spent on O&M.
Actual Numbers:
Page 2 of 22
In a Right to Information (RTI) petition filed by IndiaSpend regarding the number of students and teachers in BMC schools, the following information was
provided. (We also asked for information regarding the money spent on salaries but no reply was provided).
While Table 2.1 shows the number students in different language schools from 2007-08 to 2011-12, Table 2.2 shows the number of teachers during the
same period:
Table 2.1: Dwindling Numbers in Language Schools:
Number of
students
2007 – 08
2008 – 09
2009 – 10
2010 – 11
2011 – 12
(percentages)
Marathi
129,262
119,588
107,413
102,214
92,335 (24%)
Hindi
120,280
119,353
113,726
116,819
119,157
(30%)
Gujarati
11,336
9,847
8,908
8,715
7,870 (2%)
Urdu
106,169
105,117
102,778
102,082
101,430
(26%)
Tamil
12,476
11,129
10,032
9,233
8,226 (2.1%)
Telugu
5,415
4,334
3,469
3,359
3,036 (0.7%)
Kanada
5,070
4,566
4,257
3,829
3,631 (1%)
English
21,899
23,170
26,637
29,808
31,581 (8.1)
Schools for
the
mentally
Challenged
763
849
889
894
847 (0.2%)
Page 3 of 22
Mumbai
Public
school*
7,770
9,530
10,867
14,158
17,544 (4.5%)
Total
number of
students
420,440
407,483
388,976
391,111
385,657
(100%)
Table 2.2: English Schools In Focus
Number of
teachers
2007 – 08
2008 – 09
2009 – 10
2010 – 11
2011 – 12
(percentages)
Marathi
4,803
5,358
4,814
4,261
4,043 (35%)
Hindi
2,741
2,687
3,296
3,068
2,946 (25%)
Gujarati
528
540
491
490
376 (3.2%)
Urdu
2,176
2,295
2,848
2,668
2,660 (23%)
Tamil
385
403
346
361
326 (2.8%)
Telugu
161
198
158
148
121 (1%)
Kanada
141
147
171
153
136(1.1%)
English
298
253
599
534
611 (5.3%)
Schools for
the
56
59
73
70
77 (0.6%)
Page 4 of 22
mentally
Challenged
Mumbai
public
school *
36
107
129
96
191 (1.6%)
Total
number of
teachers
11,325
12,047
12,925
11,849
11,487
(Data refers to students/teacher as per medium of instruction. English schools teach Maths/Science in English and everything else in Marathi.*Mumbai
public schools refer to schools where the language of teaching is English). (Source: IndiaSpend’s Prachi Salve)
The number of students attending municipal schools fell from 420,440 in 2007-08 to 385,657 in 2011-12. Table 2.1 shows that the number of students has
declined for all regional schools but has increased in English language schools even though the percentage of English schools remains low. The highest
number of students in BMC schools is in Urdu-medium schools (101,430 students) and the highest reduction ( 36,927) was seen in students attending
Marathi schools from 129,262 to 92,335 students between 2007 and 2012.
It is clear from Table 2.2 that the number of teachers has been fluctuating. The number increased between 2007-08 and 2009-10 from 11,325 to 12,925
with an increase of 1,600 teachers but it fell to 11,487 in 2011-12 with a drop of 1,438 teachers.
Let us now look at teachers in language schools: teachers in Marathi schools fell from 4,803 in 2007-08 to 4,043 in 2011-12 (a reduction of 760 teachers).
The number of teachers increased from 298 to 611 in English schools. Interestingly, the number of teachers also increased in Urdu and Hindi schools by
313 and 205, respectively, between 2007 and 2012.
(Note:
1. Avehi-Abacus Project’s close association with schools catering to Vth to VIIth classes it can be said that all though the textbooks and other material is
provided in English the classroom transaction in almost all so called English medium schools in conducted mainly in Hindi and in Marathi, Gujarati or Urdu
depending on the language of the majority students and the class teacher.
2. Regarding decline of Marathi medium schools: It needs to be understood that Mumbai has a large number of fully aided, partially aided aprox. 433 by
BMC and 814 aided by Deputy Director, Department of education and Sports, Government of Maharashtra. and un-aided Marathi medium schools from
Jr. K.G. to Xth which charge fees between Rs.200-300 per month. The economic profile of Marathi speaking community is marginally better and in absence
Page 5 of 22
of schools catering to class Xth as well as due to absence of adequate teachers in BMC schools they have a ‘choice’ for cheaper education albeit at a cost.
In a way despite poverty the parents opt to make this ‘investment’ towards paid schooling due to lack of BMC Secondary Schools. On the other hand
economic conditions of those of Urdu, Hindi speakers who are relatively recent migrants – many of them Muslims; are extraordinarily vulnerable. As
pointed out by the Justice Sacchar Committee poverty of Muslims is highest in urban areas. Added to this the is fact that the number of aided; low fee
charging ‘recognised schools’ in Urdu and Hindi are very few in Bombay and thus the ‘choice’ made by the Marathi speaking parents is not open to these
communities.
3. One important factor which is not discussed in the budget analysis above is that the BMC distributes 27 items free of cost including packaged milk to
each student and excluding Mid-Day Meal provided by the Central Government. The teachers spend a considerable amount of time to taking charge,
disbursing, maintaining records of these items. Allegations of serious corruption in tendering and procurement/distribution process abound. )
III. Student-Teacher Ratio (or Teacher Pupil Ratio – TPR):
The general student-teacher ratio in BMC schools is around 33:1 while the ideal student-teacher ratio, according to Right to Education Act, is 30:1. Most
regional language schools run by the BMC have a favourable student-teacher ratio with Marathi schools having the lowest student-teacher ratio of 22:1.
The highest among regional schools run by the BMC is in Urdu schools with a ratio 38:1. The performance can be explained by the dwindling number of
students in regional language schools and not the increasing number of teachers.
On the other hand, the student-teacher ratio for English schools is 51:1, which clearly shows the need for more teachers as the number of students is
increasing every year. The condition is equally bad in the BMC-run public schools where the student-teacher ratio is 91:1. Similarly, according to the
Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment,the ideal student-teacher ratio for mentally challenged pupils is 5:1 but the ratio is nearly 11:1 in BMC-run
schools. (Source: Indiaspend – Prachi Salve)
(Note:
Avehi Abacus Project’s RTI replies of three different Municipal Wards and direct involvement in field shows that the above picture is not precise. While
in some schools in South Bombay in particular- the TPR can be as low as 12/15:1 in certain areas like Govandi, Mankhurd and in Malad, in particular it
can be as astounding as 110: 1 or180:1.) (The Central Office declined to give us a consolidated/ward-wise figure and has compelled us to gather data from
all 26 Wards - a time consuming and expensive process which is ongoing.)
IV.Drop-Out/Push-Out:
(Source: While verifiable data is not available the following is available from a website www.rtiforall.com )
Page 6 of 22
2007-2008: Classes I to IV is said to be 9.11% and Vth to VIIth is 13.55%
V. Balwadies:
Serial
No
Year
Balwadies run
by NGOs (Free
space in MMC
schools.
No of
Children
(No
nutrition/health
support and
untrained staff)
1
2000-2001
70
9247
2
2001-2002
116
10763
3
2002-2003
179
15439
4
2003-2004
98
13583
5
2004-2005
250
16553
6
2005-2006
455
14863
7
2006-2007
222
14935
8
2007-2008
Page 7 of 22
MMC began
financial
support to 504
14355
Balwadis
9
2008-2009
MMC financial
support to 504
Balwadis
16093
10
2009-2010
MMC financial
support to 504
Balwadis
17134
Note: (Source: RTI replay from BMC dated 17.3.2010 submitted to the Bombay High Court)

The number of Balwadies and their responsibility has always been handled in haphazard/tentative manner as can be seen from the table above. Before
2000 the MMC used to seek support from different charitable organisations/NGOs to run their Balwadies through the Community Development Project.
The number fluctuated and depended on the persuasion skills of the Community Development Officers responsible for a given municipal Ward.

Thereafter the BMC once again changed its strategy. From 2007-2008 the MMC began supporting 504 Balwadis run by different NGOs/trusts. The staff is
appointed by the NGO and MMC reimburses honorariums for 1 teacher (10th pass) and 1 helper. The current number of Balwadies in MMC run in this
manner is 504.

All the staff is untrained.

As part of a Bomaby High Court order dated 12th April 2012 in a case filed by Simantini Dhuru and others the ICDS and MMC have been asked to start 10
more Balwadies in coordination with each other on pilot basis. The staff will be ICDS staff. Nutrition, health, teaching-learning material support will be
provided by ICDS to these centres on basis of same norms as applied to ICDS Anganwadies. There is not variable data regarding the situation of these
Balwadies.
Page 8 of 22
VI.Ward –Wise and Language wise Distribution of Schools (Source: RTI Reply from BMC 30.9.11.)
(Note: Although this data is about a year old is bears near closeness to current academic ear 2012-13.)
No
Ward
Marathi
Hindi
Gujarati
Urdu
Tamil
Telgu
Kanad
English
Total
(Std.1 to 7)
MC(Mentally MPS(
Challenged) Mumai
Public
schoo
lls)
Total
School
Stud
School
Stud
School
Stud
School
Stud
School
Stud
School
Stud
School
Stud
School
Stud
School Stud
School Stud
School Stud
School Stud
1
A
6
1421
3
1504
1
27
1
165
0
0
0
0
1
31
2
1632
14
4780
0
0
0
0
14
4781
2
B
2
718
1
296
0
0
4
644
1
59
1
45
0
0
1
111
10
1873
0
0
0
0
10
187:
3
C
3
162
2
70
2
85
3
425
0
-0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
742
1
20
0
0
11
76;
4
D
8
825
4
480
2
181
3
772
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
152
19
2410
1
30
2
183
22
262;
5
E
10
1441
5
1265
4
468
18
6141
1
262
1
29
0
0
3
911
42
10517
0
0
0
0
42
losi:
6
F/S
17
2640
7
2049
3
215
6
1462
0
0
1
72
2
102
1
287
37
6827
1
42
4
1132
42
800]
7
F/N
25
6538
15
12099
4
641
14
8989
5
1037
3
350
1
66
1
747
68
30467
1
43
3
753
72
31263
8
G/S
27
3387
9
3477
5
500
4
789
1
100
3
129
2
113
4
2391
55
10886
1
44
8
1942
64
12872
9
G/N
19
3984
6
2974
3
220
12
7379
4
639
3
153
3
433
7
4793
57
20575
1
19
1
252
59
20846
10
H/E
17
3763
15
6268
3
334
14
6910
2
270
2
149
2
229
2
3242
57
21165
2
75
4
979
63
22219
11
H/W
8
1608
7
1983
3
353
11
3131
1
42
0
0
2
99
3
1377
35
8593
1
58
3
322
39
8973
12
K/E
21
4912
18
7053
6
600
11
2816
1
34
0
0
6
319
2
1123
65
16857
0
0
4
1287
69
18144
13
K/W
16
3445
10
4059
7
425
14
5157
2
642
3
450
3
503
2
1412
57
16093
'l
26
3
998
61
17117
14
P/S
14
2815
8
5177
1
83
3
875
3
1248
1
207
1
154
1
990
32
11549
1
24
4
1722
37
13295
15
P/N
21
7070
17
10020
7
795
12
8106
6
1729
3
116
1
44
4
2515
71
30395
0
116
3
971
74
31482
16
R/S
12
3777
9
5868
4
409
2
749
1
51
2
178
1
31
0
0
31
11063
1
0
2
877
34
11940
17
R/N
8
2970
7
4609
3
571
1
86
0
0
0
0
1
129
2
1338
22
9703
0
0
0
0
22
9703
18
R/C
14
3318
12
5531
4
432
3
522
1
268
2
256
2
238
2
1063
40
11628
1
100
0
0
41
11728
19
L
25
4993
19
9929
4
238
27
15262
1
115
1
93
3
272
2
1017
82
31919
1
80
4
1376
87
33375
20
M/E
25
10356
13
12405
2
161
23
23300
4
1001
2
244
1
135
1
2004
71
49606
0
0
1
561
72
50167
21
M/W
16
4055
11
7002
3
316
5
1523
1
228
1
8
2
225
2
1418
41
14775
1
26
3
508
45
15309
22
N
35
9034
14
6013
6
106
9
3110
1
14
3
190
3
78
3
1777
74
20322
1
68
5
1318
80
21708
23
S
24
4923
13
5993
5
279
8
2785
3
183
2
126
4
309
1
775
60
15373
1
55
3
1275
64
16703
24
T
23
4180
10
3033
4
431
2
332
1
304
1
241
1
121
2
506
45
9148
1
21
4
1088
50
10257
396
92335
235
119157
86
7870
210
101490
40
8226
35
3036
42
3631
50
31581 1095
847
61
17544
1174
385657
Total
Page 9 of 22
367266 18
(Note: while the RTI reply available to us from BMC dated 30.9.11 mentions the total number of schools as 1174 the RTI reply available to
us from Maharashtra Prathamik Shikshan Parishad (SSA) dated 29.1.13 states them to be.)
VII.
Multi-grade schools:
(Source: Fiel- based data gathered by Avehi-Abacus Project School representatives. February 2012-2013)
Ward
Area / Location
Total
number
classes
Total Multi-grade
(Minimum 2 Maximum 3 teachers)
I to VII
A to G (N)
Marin Lines, Colaba
Wadala, Masjid
Bandar, Shivadi, Ray
Road, Sion, Mahim
311
46
R (C) to H (W)
Bandra to Dahisar
529
60
L/M (W) (E) / N/S/T
Kurla to Mankhurd
and Kurla to Mulund
567
73
Page 10 of 22
VIII.
No of schools given to NGOs under the now formalised PPP
INFORMATION REGARDING SCHOOL SUPPORT PROGRMME BY NGOs 2009 to12
(FULL SCHOOL SUPPORT NGOs)
(Source: Reply to RTI filed by us. Dated:15.12.2012)
Sr.
No.
1
Name of
NGO
Muktangan /
Paragon
Charitable
Trust Working
since 2004
Page 11 of 22
Name & Address
K.R.Satose Paragon,
Condominium,
P.B.Marg, Worti,
Mumbal-13
Ward
No
Name of Schools
G South
1
NM Joshi Marg MPS
2
Khedgalli (Gokhale Road) MPS
3
Or. B.S Ambedkar MPS
4
Love grove pumping MPS
5
6
7
Prabhadevi MPS
G.K. Marg MPS
Globmill Pasage MPS / UPS
2
3
4
Akankstta
Foundation
Working since
2004
Mr. Rahul Suvma
Voltes House, "C"
T.B.Kadam Marg,
Chinchopokli,
Mumbai- 33
Aseema
Dilbar Parekh G-3
Charitable
Josephine App.
Trust Working Bandra(w), Mumbai - 50
since 2003
Educo
Mlnal Shrinivasan 2SA,
Working since Belvedere Court, Sane
2009
Guruji Marg,
Mahalaxml, Mumbai-11
Page 12 of 22
F South
1
Abhyuday Nagar MPS
F South
2
Shankarao Palav (Shindewadi) MPS
G South
3
Sitaram Mill Compound MPS
K West
4
DN Nagar MPS
H West
1
Pali Chimbai MPS
H East
2
Kherwadi Municipal School MPS
F South
1
Saibaba Path MPS
MUNICIPAL CORPORATION GREATER MUMBAI - EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
INFORMATION REGARDING SCHOOL SUPPORT PROGRMME BY NGOs - 2009 to12
PARTLY SCHOOL SUPPORT NGO's
Sr.
No.
Name of NGO Name & Address
Ms ADIT) RAY
1
Naandi
Foundatio
Working
since 2009
Page 13 of 22
202,Martusmrit, 2nd fr,
Behind Swami Narayan
Temple, Lokmanya Tllka
No.2, Dadar(E)
Ward
No
Name of Schools
F South
1
Shivri Cross MPS
F North
2
LK Waghji MPS
F North
3
Shiv MPS
G North
Keasl
4
5
Kala Killa (DharavilMPS
Shankarwadi MPS
Keast
Keast
6
7
Dixit Road MPS
Gundawali MPS
L
L
8
9
Chunnabhatti MPS
Kajupada MPS
M East
10
Turbhe MPS
M West
M West
11
12
Tilak Nagar MPS
Anand Nagar MPS
M West
13
Chembur Naka MPS
N
14
Barve Nagar MPS
N
15
Sainath MPS
N
16
Maneklal Mehta MPS
2
Educo Working Mirtal Shrinivasan 25A,
since 2009
Belvedere Court, Sane
Guruji Marg,
Mahalaxmi, Mumbai 11
Page 14 of 22
N
17
Rajawadi MPS
P North
18
Kurar MPS
P North
19
Govind Nagar MPS
P North
20
Chinchwali MPS
P South
21
Pahadi Goregaon (East)
R south
R south
22
23
Charkop MPS
Ganesh Nagar MPS
S
24
Tank Road MPS
S
T
25
26
Varsna Nagar MPS
P. K. Road MPS
T
27
DO Upadhayay MPS
T
28
Mithaghar MPS
G North
1
OHARAVI KALA KILLA MUN MARATHI
G/N
1
New Mahim School, Mahim (W)
S
2
Powai Municipal School, Kanjurmarg (W)
R/N
3
Anand Nagar, Dahisar (W)
N
4
Pant Nagar^GhatkoparJE)
K/E
L
5
6
Gumpha road Eng.Up.Prl.Sch.
Ganesh Baugh.Mun.Up.Pri.Sch Ganesh Baugh Lane.
3
Teach For India
Working since
2010
z
4
Nagarik satta Smt.AnJali Bose c/o
Working since Shivam A-301, plot No.7
2009
Railway Society, Irla
Society Rd. Ida Vile Parle
(w) Mumbai – M
Page 15 of 22
G/S
G/N
7
8
Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar Municipal School,
Dharavi Transit Camp, Sion
P/N
9
MHB English Mun.Sch, Malvani, Malad (W)
P/S
10
Siddharth Nagar, Goregaon (W)
P/N
11
Malvani Township, Malad (W)
G/N
12
Rajrishi Shahu Nagar Mun Sen , Matunga
G/S
H/W
13
14
Worli Sea Face
Supari Tank, Bandra (Wl
G/N
16
City of Los Angeles
M East
16
Deonar Colony
G/N
G/N
17
18
Eksar Talav
Mahim Mori
L
19
Nehru Nagar
P North
20
Rani Sati
K West
1
Juhu Gandhigram MPS
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON BUDGET
BMC Budget Highlights -Indiaspend: Prachi Salve:
* BMC’s expenditure on primary education increased 45% from Rs 718 crore in 2007-08 to Rs 1,040 crore in 2011-12.
* Income, including grants from the centre, declined to Rs 1,016 crore in 2010-11 and Rs 748 crore in 2011-12.
* Administrative expenses hit the highest level in 2009-10 at Rs 692 crore; has declined 25% from Rs 564 crore in 2010-11 to Rs 421 crore in 2011-12.
The key takeaway is that there has been a 45% increase in expenditure on primary education between 2007-08 and 2011-12 but funding declined during the
period under review. And though salaries and pensions account for most of BMC’s expenditure, they’ve been declining over the years.
However, BMC has failed to provide details on breakup of salaries of the teaching and non-teaching staff.
According to the RTI response from the Department of Education of the BMC, the total expenditure on primary education increased from Rs 717.80 crore in
2007-08 to Rs 1,040 crore in 2011-12 – an increase of 45%.
Primary education constitutes 73% of the total education spend by the BMC. Moreover, there are 11,487 teachers in BMC’s 1,400 primary schools.
Figure 1
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Figure 1 show that the expenditure per student has increased from Rs 17, 072 in 2007-08 to Rs 26,989 in 2011-12. But this increase in expenditure is not due
to the increase in number of teachers or on teaching but, as IndiaSpend reported earlier, largely due to the dwindling number of students in BMC-run
schools.
Let us now look at the annual income of the corporation from education. BMC generates revenue for education in the form of grants from state government
and central government grants for programs like Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA). In 2007-08, income generated was Rs 732 crore, which increased to Rs 1,036
crore in 2010-11. However, it declined to Rs 1,016 crore in 2010-11 and dropped to Rs 748 crore in 2011-12.
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Figure 2
Analysing Expenditure
The expenditure of the corporation can be divided into 2 sub-sections, namely establishment expenses, which include salaries and pensions of teaching and
non-teaching staff while administrative expenses include rent paid by BMC on school buildings (which are not owned by the BMC), utility bills, books and
other stationary required by the students and teachers.
Establishment expenses increased 53% between 2007-08 and 2011-12 but there has been a drop of 4.5% in 2011-12 as compared to 2010-11.
Correspondingly, the number of teachers has been fluctuating during 2007-08 and 2011-12 between 11,000 and 12,000.
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Figure 3 (a)
The following is the list of all the items under administrative expenses as per the RTI reply:
1] Rent includes rent paid for the BMC building, the education department office buildings and school buildings.
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2] Utility bills like office electricity bills, water bills, other office expenses, property tax, telephone, cell phones, internet and broadband internet.
3] Stationary and reading materials like newspapers, journals and reference books.
4] Travel by officials, which includes travel charges, India wide travels and travels within the city; and
5] Other expenses like consultants’ fees, housekeeping and fire extinguishers.
It’s quite likely that most of these heads will not be major cash guzzlers, particularly travel and consultant fees. So, it is possible that rent is the largest…
Administrative expenses increased dramatically during the same period – from Rs 9.31 crore in 2007-08 to Rs 421.18 crore in 2011-12. Administrative
expenses hit the highest level in 2009-10 at Rs 692 crore. But expenses have come down by 25% from Rs 564 crore during 2010-11 to Rs 421 crore in 2011-12.
Figure 3 (b)
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So, BMC has been spending less on teachers’ salaries as compared to administrative expenses, at least for primary education. And a further worrying aspect
is that the increase in expenditure is not being matched by increasing income.
The BMC spends around 8-9% of its total budget of Rs 26,000 crore on education. And we can see here clearly that the administrative expenditure in primary
education has zoomed even though several municipal schools (mostly in regional languages) have been shut downdue to dearth of students.
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January 4, 2013
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