global ncap fleet safety guide and safer car purchasing policy

GLOBAL NCAP FLEET SAFETY GUIDE AND
SAFER CAR PURCHASING POLICY
2 0 1 4 — 2 0 1 5
ABOUT GLOBAL NCAP
T
he Global New Car Assessment
proved highly effective in encouraging
Programme (Global NCAP) was
car purchasers to choose safer
in the United Kingdom (No. 1141798)
established in 2011 to serve
products and in improving outcomes
governed by a Board of Trustees and
for the victims of road crashes.
an Annual General Meeting.
as a platform for cooperation among
new car assessment programmes
Global NCAP supports the
(NCAPs) around the world and to
development of NCAPs in emerging
share best practice in the use of
markets and promotes the widest
consumer information promoting
application of United Nations vehicle
motor vehicle safety.
safety standards.
Over the next 10 years the number
Global NCAP is a charity registered
Global NCAP strongly supports the
DAVID WARD
of passenger cars in use worldwide
UN Decade of Action for Road Safety
Secretary General
is forecast to almost double. Most of
2011-2020 which aims to cut in half the
GLOBAL NCAP
that growth is taking place in emerging
predicted increase in road fatalities by
60 Trafalgar Square, London
markets where the road safety
2020 and is a member of the UN Road
WC2N 5DS, UK
challenge is greatest. NCAPs have
Safety Collaboration.
[email protected]
CONTENTS
2
About Global NCAP
3
Foreword
4
Introduction
5
The UN Decade of Action for Global Road Safety 2011-2020
6
The United Nation’s Role in Motor Vehicle Safety Standards
8
New Car Assessment Programmes and Consumer Information
10
NCAP tests compared
12
Safe Vehicle Fleet Management and Purchasing
14
Conclusions
15
Global NCAP Model Safer Car Purchase Policy
HRH PRINCE MICHAEL OF KENT GCVO
© 2 0 1 4 G L OBA L N C A P
G LO B A L N C A P FL E E T S A FE T Y G U I D E A ND S AF ER CAR P URCHAS ING P O LICY
3
INTRODUCTION
E
THE UN DECADE OF ACTION
FOR GLOBAL ROAD SAFETY
2011-2020
ach year 1.3 million people
occurring in developing countries
automobile industry to produce
are killed and up to 50 million
which account for 90% of global
safer vehicles. The challenge now is
injured in road crashes
road deaths. About 48% of all road
to promote similar progress in the
worldwide. By 2030 the World Health
fatalities are vehicle occupants. So
safety of the growing automotive
Organization (WHO) forecasts that
unless action is taken now to improve
markets in the emerging economies.
road crashes will become the fifth
vehicle safety, the newly motorizing
leading cause of death rising to
countries will suffer a growing road
2.4 million fatalities per year. Road
injury burden. Today passenger cars
crashes are already the number one
in USA, Europe, and Japan have
killer of young people in all world
become much safer than ever before.
regions aged between 10 and 25.
This progress is the result of both
The world’s vehicle fleet
regulatory “push” and market “pull”.
reached 1 billion in 2010 and is
Government regulation, combined
forecast to double in a decade.
with demand from consumers, has
This unprecedented increase is
led to sustained innovation by the
1. S ee http://who.int/violence_injury_prevention/road_safety_status/2013/report/en/w
T
o try to avoid an inexorable
for the Decade based on the “safe
rise in road injury the United
system” approach; an integrated and
Nations General Assembly
holistic strategy that simultaneously
has proclaimed a Decade of Action
promotes safer vehicles, safer roads
for Road Safety 2011-20201. The
and safer road users3.
Decade’s goal is to ‘stabilize and then
reduce the level of road fatalities’.
Global Plan includes vehicle fleet
If achieved this will reduce the
management and recommends that
forecast level of fatalities in 2020 by
“managers of governments and private
50% and avoid five million deaths,
sector fleets to purchase, operate and
50 million injuries and $3 trillion in
maintain vehicles that offer advanced
social costs. To support this aim
safety technologies and high levels of
the UN Road Safety Collaboration
occupant protection”.
(UNRSC) has prepared a Global Plan
2
4
G LO B AL N CAP F LEET SAFETY GUIDE A ND SAFER CAR PURCHA S I N G POL I C Y
The safer vehicles section of the
1. UN General Assembly Resolution 64/255 2nd March 2010
2. UNRSC is a consultative body led by the WHO, UN Regional
Commissions, development banks, governments and civil
society to promote best practice in road injury prevention and
monitor progress of the Decade.
3. See http://www.who.int/roadsafety/decade_of_action/plan/
global_plan_decade.pdf
G LO B A L N C A P FL E E T S A FE T Y G U I D E A ND S AF ER CAR P URCHAS ING P O LICY
5
THE UN’S ROLE IN MOTOR
VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS
T
he motor vehicle has been one
to light duty vehicles are:
such as an airbag. In practice,
to correct the slide. Since 2012 ESC
autonomous emergency braking
year as many as one third would fail
of the most heavily regulated
▶▶ Seat belt anchorages - UN Reg. 14
however, it is very unusual for a car to
has become mandatory in all new
(AEB) has also opened up significant
to pass the front and side crash tests,
products in human history.
▶▶ Safety belts and restraint systems -
pass without the fitment of at least a
cars inAustralasia, Europe, and the
further potential to avoid and
and do not have ABS and ESC systems
driver’s side airbag.
USA. It is estimated that it will avoid
mitigate pedestrian injuries. AEB uses
fitted. This is why the Global Plan of
10,000 deaths annually in the USA
laser/radar systems to automatically
the Decade strongly recommends
is crash avoidance. The benefits
and at least 4,000 in the EU. The UN
apply the brakes if the driver does
participation by all UN member States
of improved crash worthiness and
adopted a global standard for ESC in
not react in time and seems effective
in the work of the Forum and the
occupant protection are obvious but it
2008 which will encourage worldwide
at reducing low speed collisions by
application of its minimum vehicle
is even better to avoid the collision in
application of the system.
20%5. With sensors used to detect
safety standards.
This dates back to the adoption of the
first International Traffic Convention
UN Reg. 16
▶▶ Occupant protection in frontal
in 1909 which introduced the concept
of ‘type approval’ for motor vehicles
collision - UN Reg. 94
▶▶ Occupant protection in lateral
requiring that automobiles meet
collision - UN Reg. 95
certain safety standards. Today,
▶▶ Electronic stability control – UN Reg.
through the UN World Forum for
13-H/GTR 8
Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations
1
(Forum), motor vehicles can now be
3
▶▶ Pedestrian protection – UN Reg.
relevant UN standards.
The UN is also promoting measures
pedestrians AEB can reduce impact
to reduce the risk of injury to
speeds by as much as 15 kph so
industry has invested heavily in
pedestrians in a collision with a
reducing the severity of injury.
technologies that will assist the driver
passenger car. Every year 270,000
This will maximise the benefit of
from having a crash at all. The earliest
pedestrians are killed on the roads
softer and ‘forgiving’ car fronts. So
impact are the most significant
such system was anti-lock brakes
or 22% of all road traffic deaths.
the combined effect of improved
127/GTR 9
The UN tests for front and side
assessment tools for crashworthiness.
(ABS) and this has been followed more
Most pedestrian fatalities occur in
pedestrian crashworthiness and
adopted in 1958 and 19982, to provide
The frontal test (UN Reg. 94)
recently by electronic stability control
low income countries but they are
crash avoidance promises further
a legal framework that allows any UN
simulates a car to car crash at 56
(ESC) which has proved to be a highly
a major issue in all regions. In high
gains in safety for pedestrians.
Member State to apply voluntarily
kilometers per hour (kph) in which the
effective crash avoidance system
income countries they are taking
a wide range of motor vehicle
vehicle hits a barrier that replicates
shown to reduce life-threatening
an increasing share of road deaths
of the regulations listed above are
standards. This unique UN regulatory
the soft front end of the other vehicle.
crashes by up to 25%4.
as other at risk groups such as
universally applied by UN Member
system facilitates international trade
The impact is ‘offset’ with a 40%
vehicle occupants become safer. UN
States. Entire world regions such as
and promotes the safety of motor
overlap as most frontal crashes occur
(under-steer or over-steer) skidding
GTR No.9 encourages the design
Latin America, the Middle East and
vehicles whilst reducing regulatory
in this configuration. The side impact
incidents. It is widely acknowledged
of more forgiving car fronts. Softer
most of Africa are not participating
compliance costs to industry and to
test (UN Reg. 95) uses a trolley that
to be the most important safety
bumpers, combined with better
in the World Forum. As a result there
approval authorities. All of the Forum’s
hits the vehicle just above the door sill
device since the seat belt. It works
bonnet area clearance and removal
are many new cars being produced
regulations are subject to a constant
area at 50 kph. They are performance
by detecting if the steering inputs
of unnecessarily stiff structures, are
today in emerging economies that are
process of updating in order to adapt
tests in which stipulated loadings on
of the driver are inconsistent with
required to reduce the severity of a
sub-standard in comparison with the
to technological progress and levels
an instrumented dummy must not be
the vehicle’s direction of travel. If
pedestrian impact.
UN’s minimum safety requirements.
of stringency. The Forum’s most
exceeded. They do not specify the
this happens ESC applies the brake
The development of emerging
For example of the record level of 65
important safety regulations applied
fitment of a particular technology
to one of the wheels using the ABS
crash avoidance systems such as
million new passenger cars built last
The Forum uses two Agreements,
6
the first place. To achieve this highly
desirable outcome the automotive
internationally approved without
further tests provided they meet the
An area of growing importance
G LO B AL N CAP F LEET SAFETY GUIDE A ND SAFER CAR PURCHA S I N G POL I C Y
ESC prevents loss of control
Unfortunately, however, not all
1. For further information visit: http://www.unece.org/trans/
main/welcwp29.html
2. The 1958 Agreement now has 58 countries that are Contracting
Parties and it has established 128 UN Regulations. This means
that all other Contracting Parties who have signed the same
regulation will recognize this approval. The 1998 Agreement
now has 33 countries that are Contracting Parties and it has
established 12 UN Global Technical Regulations (GTRs). It was
developed as a global agreement on the initiative of the United
States of America, Japan and the European Union. Unlike
the 1958 agreement, the 1998 agreement does not require
mutual recognition of approvals or certification. This was done
particularly to assist the USA and Canada as both countries
use systems of self-certification rather than type approval.
3. Both ESC and Pedestrian Protection are included in
regulations available under both the 1959 and 1998
agreements.
4. See: http://www.thatcham.org/what-we-do/safety/electronicstability-control
5. See: http://www.thatcham.org/aeb
G LO B A L N C A P FL E E T S A FE T Y G U I D E A ND S AF ER CAR P URCHAS ING P O LICY
7
NEW CAR ASSESSMENT
PROGRAMMES AND
CONSUMER INFORMATION
I
n parallel to regulatory action
mechanism that works alongside and
been avoided and probably 40% of
over the last thirty years a major
supplements the ‘regulatory push’
this progress is attributable to safer
effort has been made to increase
of vehicle standards. Some NCAPs
vehicles. This shows clearly that the
the public demand for safer motor
are run by governments, and others
combination of minimum standards
vehicles. This has mainly involved
involve automobile clubs, consumer
and consumer information can
consumer information to stimulate
groups and insurance groups.
substantially reduce road fatalities.
car buyer’s awareness of safety
NCAPs have proven to be highly
NORTH AMERICA
EUROPE
KNCAP
EURO
NCAP
US
NCAP
CNCAP
JNCAP
IIHS
through New Car Assessment
successful in promoting demand for
beneficial role played by NCAPs. In
Programmes (NCAPs).
safer vehicles. For example, in 1998
September 2011 the UN Secretary
the European Union (EU) introduced
General Mr Ban-ki Moon submitted a
by the US National Highway Traffic
mandatory crash tests for front and
note ‘Improving Global Road Safety’
Safety Administration (NHTSA). This
side impact (which were subsequently
to the 66th Session of the UN General
was followed by the creation of
adopted by the World Forum as Reg.
Assembly (A/66/389) which stated
Australasian NCAP in 1993, Japan
94 & 95). In 1997, the European New
that NCAP’s “have proved to be very
NCAP in 1995, and Euro NCAP in 1997.
Car Assessment Programme (Euro
effective in creating a market that
There are now nine NCAPs or similar
NCAP) released its first tests for front
encourages consumers to choose
bodies active in Asia, Australasia,
impact at the higher speed of 64kph
vehicles based on their safety ratings”.
Europe, Latin America and the USA . In
compared with 56kph required in the
The Secretary General’s report
with ‘five stars’ representing a high
most common. Some NCAPs also
technology like ESC (which works in
2011 the Global New Car Assessment
legislative test. Despite the increased
concluded with a recommendation to
score. Rather than award stars the
include additional pole, whiplash, and
conjunction with ABS) is gradually
increasing in the rapidly motorizing
The first NCAP was created in 1978
1
ASEAN
NCAP
SOUTH AMERICA
LATIN
NCAP
ASIA PACIFIC
AUSTRALASIA
ANCAP
Programme (Global NCAP) was
stringency of the tests, manufacturers
Member States to “participate in the
Insurance Institute for Highway
pedestrian impact ratings and also
launched to provide a platform for
rapidly saw the benefits of achieving
new car assessment programmes in
Safety’s highest accolade is its ‘Top
increasingly include crash avoidance
regions but is still very low, for
cooperation for NCAPs around the
high scores in Euro NCAP.
order to foster availability of consumer
Safety Pick’ rating. NCAP test scores
technologies such as ESC.
example, in Latin America or India.
information about the safety
are derived from the measurement of
world to share best practice, and to
As a result today most new cars in
Due to the different test protocols
Nevertheless, a five star car rated by
any of the nine NCAPs represents a
support new testing programmes in
the EU now achieve five stars; a safety
performance of motor vehicles”. This
the loadings and decelerations that
used by NCAPs not all five star cars
rapidly motorizing regions2.
level that far exceeds the original
recommendation was endorsed by
occur to the instrumented dummies
are equivalent around the world (see
safer vehicle than one which simply
1998 regulations. Indeed it has been
UN General Assembly in subsequent
during the crash. Most NCAPs use
table). In some NCAPs, for example,
meets the minimum UN front and side
estimated that a five star Euro NCAP
resolutions adopted in April 2012 and
the same front and side impact crash
to obtain five stars requires that the
impact crash tests.
tests as the UN regulations. However,
model has ESC whereas in others this
in the frontal impact usually a higher
is not yet applied. These differences
NCAPs help to create a ‘market
for safety’ by simultaneously
8
The UN has recognised the
NCAPs around the world
raising awareness of the car-
car has a 36% lower fatality risk than
buyers and providing an incentive
a car that meets the UN’s minimum
to manufacturers to build safer
crash test regulations. Over the last
based on a car’s performance in a
test speed of 64 kph is applied. This
reflect the different market conditions
cars. They work as a ‘demand pull’
ten years over 100,000 deaths have
variety of crash test assessments
is the speed at which fatalities are
around the world. Penetration of a
G LO B AL N CAP F LEET SAFETY GUIDE A ND SAFER CAR PURCHA S I N G POL I C Y
again in 2014.
NCAPs typically award stars
1. ASEAN NCAP, Australasian NCAP, China NCAP, Euro NCAP,
Japan NCAP, Korean NCAP, Latin NCAP, US NCAP and the
Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. See back cover for websites
2. For further information visit: www.globalncap.org
G LO B A L N C A P FL E E T S A FE T Y G U I D E A ND S AF ER CAR P URCHAS ING P O LICY
9
NCAP TESTS COMPARED
USNCAP
EURO NCAP
US NCAP
0o
/h
SID IIS
/2
7°
32 km/h
75°
Rigid 254 mm Pole
MDB, 1368 kg
32 km/h
75°
Hybrid III
5%
Hybrid III
5%
Hybrid III
50%
Hybrid III
50%
Q3
Q1,5
SafetyWissen by
R=150 mm
SafetyWissen
by
CNCAP
US NCAP
USNCAP
Hybrid III
50%
Hybrid III
50%
SafetyWissen by
SBR, SAS, ESC ...
ODB 40%
▶▶Rollover resistance tests:
0o
0o
50 km/h
Hybrid III
50%
Hybrid III
5%
Curtain Airbag
ES-2
64 km/h
Hybrid III
50%
P3
5%ile mit 85% skaliert
KNCAP
SafetyWissen
by
SafetyWissen by
Roof Crush
CNCAP
SID IIs
▶▶Whiplash mitigation tests:
64 km/h
64 km/h
▶▶Assistance systems:
CNCAP
Hybrid III
50%
Hybrid III
50%
Hybrid III
5%
▶▶Whiplash mitigation tests:
dynamic (1 pulse)
50 km/h
90°
▶▶Others: SBR, ESC
MDB EEVC, 950 kg
SafetyWissen by
SafetyWissen by
▶▶Rollover resistance tests:
▶▶Rollover resistance tests:
0o
dynamic (3 pulses), AEB City
Rigid 254 mm Pole
KNCAP
Flat 150
SOB 25%
0o
static, dynamic (1 pulse)
50 km/h
90°
MDB IIHS, 1500 kg
ODB 40%
CNCAP CNCAP
SSF
0o
0o
ES-2
WS 50%
56 km/h
Hybrid III
50%
64 km/h
Hybrid III
5%
Hybrid III
50%
Hybrid III
50%
ES-2
WS 50%
29 km/h
90°
32 km/h
75°
LATIN NCAP
ODB 40%
S
IIHS
▶▶Child safety: Frontal,
CRS-based assessment,
KNCAP
0o
Vehicle based assessment
64 km/h
Hybrid III
50%
Hybrid III
50%
P3
P1,5
JNCAP
JNCAP
ASEAN NCAP
SafetyWissen by
▶▶Others: B
rakes, FCWS, ACC,
▶▶Whiplash mitigation tests:
55 km/h
90°
Hybrid III
50%
Hybrid III
5%
NCAP
JNCAP
SafetyWissen by
CRS-based assessment,
64 km/h
Vehicle based assessment
Hybrid III
50%
Hybrid III
50%
P1,5
P3
ANCAP
ANCAP
▶▶Rollover resistance tests:
MDB EEVC, 950 kg
SafetyWissen by
G LO B AL N CAP F LEET SAFETY GUIDE A ND SAFER CAR PURCHA S I N G POL I C Y
dynamic (1 pulse)
▶▶Others: Brakes,
Usability rear belts, SBR
ODB 40%
ANCAP
JNCAP
Headforms
ES-2
64 km/h
SafetyWissen by
10
0o
Hybrid III
50%
▶▶Child safety: Frontal,
0o
▶▶Pedestrian test: Flex PLI,
0o
Hybrid III
50%
ODB 40%
ANCAP / ASEAN NCAP
ODB 40%
55 km/h
LDWS, SBR, eCall, SLD
SafetyWissen by
KNCAP
JNCAP
Flex PLI, Upper Legform, Headforms
static, dynamic (1 pulse)
Rigid 254 mm Pole
MDB EEVC, 950 kg
AE-MDB
SafetyWissen by
SafetyWissen by
▶▶Pedestrian test: EEVC Legform,
▶▶Whiplash mitigation tests:
55 km/h
90°
SID IIs
SafetyWissen by
▶▶Whiplash mitigation tests:
static front / rear,
MDB EEVC, 950 kg
AE-MDB v3.9, 1300 kg
SafetyWissen by
Vehicle based assessment
SID IIs
IIHS
ODB 40%
50 km/h 90°
@ R +250 mm
Q1,5
Q3
SID IIs
IIHS Small Overlap
29 km/h
90°
NCAP
Euro
NCAP 2013/2015
Euro2013
NC
AP 2013
Euro NCAPEuro
2015
55 km/h
IIHS
ES-2
WS 50%
Roof crush
0o
ES-2
64 km/h
Hybrid III
50%
Hybrid III
50%
P1,5
P3
29 km/h
90°
ANCAP
/ ASEANANCAP
NCAP
ANCAP
SafetyWissen by
▶▶Pedestrian test: EEVC Legform,
Upper Legform, Headforms
▶▶Child safety: Frontal
50 km/h
90°
MDB EEVC, 950 kg
SafetyWissen by
ES-2
Rigid 254 mm Pole
SafetyWissen by
▶▶Whiplash mitigation tests:
static, dynamic (1 pulse)
▶▶Others: A
ssistance systems
G LO B A L N C A P FL E E T S A FE T Y G U I D E A ND S AF ER CAR P URCHAS ING P O LICY
Source: ©carhs.training gmbh
Hybrid III
5%
ES-2 re
km
ES-2
WS 50%
64 km/h
CNCAP
C-NCAP
Hybrid III
50%
62
SSF
▶▶Child safety: Frontal ODB,
Side MDB, CRS- Installation,
64 km/h
Hybrid III
5%
▶▶Pedestrian test: EEVC Legform,
Flex PLI, Upper Legfom, Headforms
ODB 40%
▶▶Rollover resistance tests:
56 km/h
Euro NCAP 2013 / 2015
0o
SafetyWissen by
2014 2015
0o
SafetyWissen by
IIHS
Euro NCAP 2013
Euro NCAP 2013
KNCAP
U.S. NCAP
USNCAP
Euro NCAP
11
SAFE VEHICLE FLEET
MANAGEMENT AND PURCHASING
M
otivated by a combination
wishing to buy safer vehicles. Five
represents a robust demonstration
are, therefore, encouraged to favour
of duty of care for their
star ratings by NCAPs are a reliable
of an organization’s commitment to
selection of vehicles that meet
employees, cost control,
independent guide to levels of vehicle
fleet safety. While acknowledging that
these regulations where they are
and corporate social responsibility,
safety and are being increasingly
NCAP ratings differ somewhat across
available and to commit to make
many major vehicle fleets are now
used by fleet managers to guide
world regions a five star commitment
them mandatory requirements by
being systematically managed to
their vehicle purchase choices. For
will ensure a level of occupant
2020 the latest. Finally the highly
avoid road crashes. This, of course,
example, both the Australian and
protection that significantly exceeds
recommended category recognizes
is consistent with the Global Plan for
Swedish Governments have adopted
the UN minimum regulations.
important new safety systems that
the Decade which includes fleet safety
purchasing policies that stipulate a
management among its main vehicle
five star rating requirement. In 2012,
NCAP ratings are not available in
are already showing impressive
safety recommendations.
the world’s largest resource extraction
all world regions. To supplement a
effectiveness in promoting safety.
Supporting this approach is a
are emerging technologies and which
company BHP Billiton included in its
five star requirement it is, therefore,
The highly recommended system
new management system standard
Fatal Risk Control policy a transition
recommended that fleet managers
for Global NCAP’s 2014 SCPP is
for road traffic safety (ISO 39001)
to a five star commitment for all its
seek confirmation from the vehicle
autonomous emergency braking
1
recently adopted by the International
light duty vehicles by 2016. Similar
manufacturers that the car they
which as described earlier is proving
Standards Organization (ISO). The
and securing of loads in and on the
whether for people inside or outside
application of NCAP four and five
wish to purchase meets the most
effective in reducing collisions speeds
new standard is a practical tool
vehicle”2. The ISO standard’s guidance
of the vehicle, or for light or heavy
star ratings are also being applied by
important UN safety regulations.
and has potential to avoid and
for governments and vehicle fleet
emphasizes that “Improvements
vehicles. Generally, vehicle safety
global companies such as Shell and
These six recommended regulations
mitigate pedestrian injury.
operators worldwide who want to
in vehicle safety design and safety
is legislated and most new vehicles
Johnson & Johnson.
listed above are divided into
reduce death and serious injury in
equipment, including the development
deliver safety beyond legislation.
road crashes.
and application of new safety
Consumer programs test and publish
other major fleets in both the public
technologies (e.g. electronic stability
safety ratings for many vehicle types
and private sector, Global NCAP
belts and front & side impact tests )
in NCAP test programmes, to UN
operators with ‘Road Traffic Safety
control), play an important role in
and models which can be used by
has developed a model ‘Safer Car
are mandatory requirements as they
regulations and to developments in
Performance Factors’ which, inter
efforts to reduce road traffic deaths
organizations to assist them in making
Purchasing Policy’ (SCPP). The policy
represent an absolute minimum level
safety technology and systems.
alia, includes “safety of vehicles,
and serious injuries”.
informed decisions about the level of
provides a template for organizations
of safety. The second are preferred
safety they seek in vehicle fleets”3.
to assist their compliance with the
requirements (relating to electronic
recommendations of Global Plan for
stability control and pedestrian
the Decade and ISO 39001.
protection2). This acknowledges that
ISO 39001 provides fleet
especially considering occupant
12
Global NCAP also recognizes that
Regarding vehicle purchasing
ISO 39001’s recognition of the
To assist similar commitments by
Global NCAP’s SCPP will be reviewed
‘mandatory’ and preferred’ categories.
The first category (relating to seat
1
protection, protection of other road
policy ISO 39001 states that, “Any
users (vulnerable as well as other
organization can improve safety by
role of consumer safety rating
vehicle occupants), road traffic
careful selection of the vehicles it
provides a further strong mandate for
crash avoidance and mitigation,
uses. The safety differences of vehicle
NCAPs to serve as an independent
choose five star cars wherever
vehicles that meet these standards
roadworthiness, vehicle load capacity
types and models are significant,
benchmark to assist organizations
possible. A commitment to five stars
is currently limited. Fleet managers
G LO B AL N CAP F LEET SAFETY GUIDE A ND SAFER CAR PURCHA S I N G POL I C Y
The SCPP starting point is to
in some markets the availability of
annually and periodically updated.
Revised editions will adapt to changes
1. See http://www.iso.org/iso/home/news_index/news_archive/
news.htm?refid=Ref1661
2. ISO 39001:2012, Road traffic safety (RTS) management
systems – Requirements with guidance for use – page 10
3. Op.cit. Page 23, Section 7
4. UN Regs 16, 14, 94 & 95
5. GTRs 8 & 9
G LO B A L N C A P FL E E T S A FE T Y G U I D E A ND S AF ER CAR P URCHAS ING P O LICY
13
CONCLUSIONS
I
GLOBAL NCAP MODEL SAFER CAR
PURCHASE POLICY
Sample fleet safety policy
mproved motor vehicle safety is a
key component of the UN Decade
[COMPANY NAME] is committed to providing a safe workplace for
and its Global Plan. Motor vehicle
all employees and ensuring that a safety culture permeates the
related road casualties can be
organization. Accordingly, Management undertakes to purchase and/
significantly reduced by 2020.
or lease the safest available vehicles within reasonable bounds of
What is needed is the twin track
affordability. This policy will apply to all cars leased by the [COMPANY
approach of regulatory push and
NAME] including pool and company leased vehicles.
demand pull. This will be the winning
The basic requirements for the [COMPANY NAME] (purchased/leased
formula for automotive safety in the
or rented) are:
Decade of Action.
▶▶ Wherever possible choose a ‘five star’ car as rated by a recognized
Global NCAP’s model Safer Car
New Car Assessment Programme1 and,
Purchasing Policy includes five star
rating with minimum regulatory
standards that combines best known
▶▶ Confirm from the manufacturer that the vehicle passes the latest version
Five-star result: passenger cell stays intact and airbag protects head in the Volkswagen Up
of the following United Nations vehicle safety regulations2 (or equivalent
United States Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards - FMVSS).
performance in both crash worthiness
a) Mandatory Requirement
and crash avoidance. It can serve as a
(For immediate application as minimum safety requirement)
methodology for those organizations
that wish to adopt ‘best practice’ in
• Seat belt anchorages - UN Reg. 14 (or FMVSS 210)
vehicle purchasing policy as part
• Safety belts and restraint systems - UN Reg. 16 (or FMVSS 209)
of their overall fleet safety
• Occupant protection in frontal collision - UN Reg. 94 (or FMVSS 208)
management systems.
• Occupant protection in lateral collision - UN Reg. 95 (or FMVSS 214)
Global NCAP encourages all fleet
b) Preferred Requirement
managers both public and private to
(Preferred for purchase if available becoming a mandatory
make ‘five star’ safety their goal in the
requirement by 2020 at the latest):
UN Decade of Action.
• Electronic stability control - UN Reg. 13-H/GTR 8 (or FMVSS 126)
• Pedestrian protection - UN Reg. 127/GTR 9
Zero-star result: passenger cell collapses and head strikes steering wheel in the Nissan Tsuru
c) Highly Recommended
(For emerging technologies showing effectiveness)
• Autonomous emergency braking
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G LO B AL N CAP F LEET SAFETY GUIDE A ND SAFER CAR PURCHA S I N G POL I C Y
1. ASEAN NCAP, Australasian NCAP, China NCAP, Euro NCAP,
Japan NCAP, Korean NCAP, Latin NCAP, US NCAP and the
Insurance Institute for Highway Safety.
2. See http://www.unece.org/trans/main/welcwp29.html
G LO B A L N C A P FL E E T S A FE T Y G U I D E A ND S AF ER CAR P URCHAS ING P O LICY
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ANCAP
ancap.com.au
ASEAN NCAP
aseancap.org
CHINA NCAP
c-ncap.org.cn
JNCAP
nasva.go.jp
KNCAP
car.go.kr
LATIN NCAP
latinncap.com
EURO NCAP
euroncap.com
5-Star Safety Ratings
More Stars. Safer Cars.
US NCAP
safercar.gov
IIHS
iihs.org