Foz do Amazonas Basin

Transcription

Brasil Round 4
Adhemar Massao Fugita
Block Definition Superintendency
Location Map
Total Area = 261,170 km2
Foz do
Amazonas
Basin
0
75
Pará-Maranhão
Basin
Macapá
Belém
150
225
300
375 km
GENERAL REMARKS
Exploration start up - 1963
- Subcomercial Gas Pirapema - 1976
Pliocene – Probable Original Volume 10.1 BM3
Area of APS-51A - 1982
Pleistocene – Possible Original Volume 7-12 BM3
- Subcommercial oil/gas/cond Area of APS-21- 1976
Drilling to date
93 exploratory wells (1 well/2,808 km2)
92 wildcats and 1 extension
Structural
Framework
Petrobras
Schematic Regional Geological Section
Petrobras
Gravity
Map
Bloco BT-SL-1
Petrobras
•Stratigraphy
3 sequences:
-Drift- Cenomanian-Recent
Amazon delta (canyon dominated)
Miocene-Recent Tucunaré/Pirarucu/Orange Fms.
Clastic/Carbonate Platform
Paleocene-Miocene
Marajó/Amapá/Travosas Fm
Transgressive-regressive system
Cenomanian-Paleocene
Limoeiro Fm
-Rift II- Albian-Aptian – Caciporé Fm
-Rift I- Triassic - volcanics and Calçoene Fm
Petrobras
Schematic Regional Geological Section
Petrobras
Ø Source Rocks
- Travosas Fm. (Eocene) – potential source rock
TOC – up to 4.5 % - 1-APS-36
15 kg of HC/rock ton
- Limoeiro Fm. (Albian/Cenomanian/Turonian)
Marine shales of the transgressive system
TOC -1%-5%
Type II
- Caciporé Fm. (Rift phase II- Albian-Aptian)
Lacustrine shales
on average 6 kg of HC/rock ton
Ø Source Rocks (Advocate D.M. et al.-1999)
Post-Rift Phase:
- Pirarucu Fm (Miocene-Pleistocene)
Potential source rock
Can be mature in the deeper portions
- Amapá Fm (Paleogene)
TOC 1%-5%
Restricted to back-reef lagoon
- Limoeiro Fm (late Cretaceous)
TOC 1%-5%
Recognized on the platform and expected to
occur in the deep basin
•Geochemical Profile 1-APS-31A
Limoeiro Fm
Transgressive Unit
DPC&Assoc.
•1-APS-36
Travosas Fm
DPC&Assoc.
Ø Reservoirs
- Turbiditic sands - Orange Fm. – Plio/Pleistocene
- Canyonites - Pirarucu Fm
- Tertiary porous and fractured carbonates, banks, reefs
and talus deposits and calcareous turbidites Amapá/Travosas Fm.
- Deltaic/Turbiditic sands - Limoeiro Fm.
- Fluvio-deltaic sands of Rift Phase II – Caciporé Fm
- Eolian sands Rift Phase I – Calçoene Fm
Reservoirs
- Deltaic sands and turbidites of the Orange Fm - Miocene to
Recent
- Canyonites Pirarucu Fm - Miocene-Pliocene
-Reefs, banks, talus deposits, siliciclastic and carbonatic
turbidites, fractured carbonates Amapá and Travosas Fms Tertiary
- Deltaic and turbiditic sands of the Limoeiro Fm - Albianlate Cretaceous (Rift II)
- Fluvio-deltaic sands Caciporé Fm - Aptian-Albian
- Eolian sands Calçoene Fm (Rift I)
ØTraps
structural and stratigraphic
- carbonates - banks, reefs, structures associated with
growth faults, paleogeomorphic (canyons), fractures
- siliciclastics- structures associated with growth faults,
shale domes/diapirs, toe-thrust structures, pinch-outs,
canyon fill (canyonites) and canyon truncation, faulted
blocks
ØSeals
- Shales, marls, calcilutites intercalated in target
zones
- Generation
-Limoeiro and Caciporé Fm - oil generation
window entry during late Cretaceous/Paleocene
-Travosas Fm - oil and gas generation window
entry during Plio-Pleistocene
- Migration
- Amapá, Travosas and Orange Fm - Drift phase
normal and listric faults, canyons
- Calçoene and Caciporé Fm – Rift phase normal
faults and direct source rock/reservoir contact
Petroleum System
Event Chart - Limoeiro-Amapá System
DPC&Assoc.
Petroleum System
•Event Chart - Travosas-Pirarucu System(!)
DPC&
Assoc.
Limoeiro-Amapá System(!)
Main HC occurrences and generation pods
DPC&
Assoc.
Travosas-Pirarucu System(!)
Main HC ocurrences and generation pods
DPC&
Assoc.
ØBM-FZA-2
ØBM-FZA-3
BM-FZA-2 and 3
Seismic and regional wells
BM-FZA-2 and 3
Map of available 2D seismic
ØBM-FZA-2
Area – 7,682 km2
2D Seismic - 460 km
15 exploratory wells (3 of them repeated)
- 6 siliciclastic rollover prospects
Pirapema (APS-10B)
APS-4, 8A, 10B, 15, 34, 40
- 6 carbonate prospects
5 structural -APS-2, 16C, 17, 36, 25 (this
well also with a Rift target)
1 bioherm- APS-24
BM-FZA-2
Map of available wells
BM-FZA-2
•Plays
ORANGE FM TURBIDITES
rollovers and associated structures, stratigraphic
(syndepositional lows)
PIRARUCU FM CANYONITES
pinch-outs, onlap, differential compaction
AMAPÁ AND TRAVOSAS FM CARBONATES
Fractures, reefs, banks, paleogeomorphologic,
talus deposits, carbonate-turbidites
LIMOEIRO FM CLASTICS
structural and stratigraphic
BM-FZA-3
Area – 7,548 km2
2D Seismic - 547 km
No wells
BM-FZA-3
•Play
TRAVOSAS AND ORANGE FM TURBIDITES
structural, stratigraphic and
syndepositional traps (mounds)
ØMinimum Work Program - BM-FZA-2
MINIMUM PROGRAM - BM-FZA-2
Exploration
Period
Length
(years)
1st
3
2nd
3
3rd
2
Compulsory Area
Work Program/
Relinquishment
Investment
50 % of original
5,000 km 2D seismic
area
25 % of original
2 Wells
area
25 % of original
2 Wells
area
Financial Guarantee 1st Period = USD 5,000,000
ØMinimum Work Program - BM-FZA-3
MINIMUM PROGRAM - BM-FZA-3
Exploration
Period
Length
(years)
1st
3
2nd
3
3rd
3
Compulsory Area
Work Program/
Relinquishment
Investment
50 % of original
5,000 km 2D seismic
area
25 % of original
2 Wells
area
25 % of original
2 Wells
area
Financial Guarantee 1st Period = USD 5,000,000
Carbonate Plays
Reefs
INTISAR D - LIBYA
Recent world reef distribution
Global reef distribution – Mid Miocene
Kiessling W. et al.1999
Reef ocurrence over time
Kiessling et al.1999
Responses to sea level rise
Kendall et al.
1991
Responses to sea level fall
Kendall et al.
1991
Responses to sea level fall
Kendall et al.1991
•Reef types – accumulation processes
Kleypas et al.2001
1-APS-21
Subcommercial oil/cond/gas
producer
Amapá Fm – late Miocene
HC at the top of the carbonate
sequence, corresponding to the
canyon base.
RFT-1A - oil 19.5 º API
Flow 6.4 m3/day, damaged
Gas(?) in Pirarucu canyonite(?)
950-960m
Bacia da Foz do Amazonas
1-APS-21 - Hypotethical Model of Accumulation
42
1-APS-2
3.410-3.685m
Paleocene - General
Start up
Keep up and Production
Dominated
Ended by drownig and
pollution event
Minor cycles of
drowning and pollution
Local seals
43
1-APS-2
3.070-3.410m
Early Eocene
Import Clastic Dominated
Drowning and pollution event
at base of sequence
Base of sandstones = minor
order sequences
In the basin - development of
siliciclastic turbidites
44
1-APS-2
2.550-3.070m
Late/Middle Eocene
Keep up and production
Dominated
At base and top of sequence
events
Minor order sequences
bounded by minor
events
45
1-APS-2
1.950-2.550m
Oligocene
In the upper part
Keep up and production
Dominated
In the lower part
Give up and Import
Dominated
Backstepping
Slope deposits
46
1-APS-2
1.220-1.950m
Late/Middle Miocene to
Late Oligocene
End up in Late
Miocene
Top of sequence =
base of canyon
Drowning event in
Early Eocene at
1.490m.
47
•Siliciclastic Plays
Pirapema Field
Guardado et al.1999
Flat spot =
gas/water contact
Orange Fm
Flat spot = gas/water contact
Niger delta HC Fields
Tutlle et al./99
Traditionally used
as a model for the
Amazon delta
May not be valid for
shallow water facies
Amazon delta =
Canyon-dominated
submarine delta ?
Niger delta
Tutlle et al.99
Niger Delta
Generation, migration, trapping
Tutlle et al./99
Niger delta Physiography
Tutlle et al.99
Tuttle et al,1999
Niger delta
Schematic
dip section
Deep water of Niger delta
Tutlle et al/99
Amazonas Delta
- type
Canyon-dominated(?):
Structural zoning
towards deeper waters:
-zone of rollovers w/ith
listric faults (some
resembling flower
strucutures)
-zone of shale diapirs
-zone of toe thrust
-zone of foreocean
(equivalent to foreland)
54
Traditional Delta Types
River-dominated
Wave-dominated
Tide-dominated
Amazon River Delta =Non-traditional
Canyon-dominated (submarine) delta (?)
55
Amazon River deltaCanyon-dominated (submarine) delta (?)
Canyon = predominantly by-pass zone
Sedimentation at canyon mouth in deep water
- Delta plain/delta front poorly developed, as opposed to
Niger Delta
- Canyonite deposition under onlap ( transgressive tract
and initial highstand) and offlap conditions ( late highstand
and lowstand in Type 2 sequences)
56
Amazonas River DeltaCanyon-dominated (submarine) delta (?)
Foz do Amazonas canyon:
Depositional/erosional type
Built under highstand and lowstand
Highstand- by depositional thinning in relation to
adjacent platforms Amapá and Ilha de Santana /Pará
Lowstand - by erosion
Multi-episodic process active probably since Paleocene
57
•Amazonas Cone prospects
Traditionally apex of rollover strucutures associated with
listric faults (Ex- Pirapema).
In general very fine and silty sands.
Thicker and better reservoirs must be found at canyon
mouths in sindepositional lows.
The recognition of these lows can be difficult if affected by
argillokinesis
58
Structural Contour
Map
Top of Amapá/Ilha
de Santana Fm
Based
on Well data
Main prospects
in the blocks
59
•Carbonate Depositional Models
Bacia do Pará-Maranhão
CORAL REEF MODEL
PARCEL MANOEL LUÍS
•Approximate location 0º30´S e 44º45´W
•Area around 30 km2
•3.000 a 10.000 circular pinnacles w/50-300m
diameter (“cabeços”) covered by corals, algae,
sponges, molluscs
•they project upwards from the bottom up to 30m
high.Some cabeços outcrop in low tide.
•12 species of coral and 4 of hydrocoral
•patch-reef of keep-up and production dominated
types in a carbonate platform drowned by Holocene
transgression
61
Parcel Manoel Luiz
Parcel Manoel Luiz
Parcel Manoel Luiz
Ilha da Fortaleza (Pará) outcrops
Pirabas Fm type-section
Early Miocene age
Fossils of corals, bryozoans, echinoderms, algae,
fish, ostracods, crustaceans, foraminifers, etc.
4 lithofacies:
- laminated clays
- stratified calcarenites
- massive carbonates
- biocalcirudites
Tavora V.A. et al 1999
•Ilha da Fortaleza-Pará
Biocalcirudite

Foz do Amazonas Basin

Transcription

Similar documents

Foz do Amazonas Basin

Pernambuco-Paraíba Basin

Monte Alegre Formation