State-of-the-Art ABAP in SAP NetWeaver 7.0 EhP2

Transcription

Orange County Convention Center
Orlando, Florida | May 15-18, 2011
State-of-the-Art ABAP
in SAP NetWeaver 7.0 EhP2
Director Product Management
Wolfgang Weiss
]
[ Agenda
Overview
Efficient Business Programming
Developer Productivity
Testing and Troubleshooting
Enhancement Programming
Summary and Outlook
Real Experience. Real Advantage.
2
[ State-of-the-Art ABAP in SAP NetWeaver 7.0 EhP2
New ABAP Features
Support Efficient Business Programming:
Secondary Keys for internal tables, Resumable
Exceptions, new data type for exact calculation of
large numbers and much more…
Increase Developer Productivity:
comprehensive string processing, strong support
for efficient and resource optimizing memory usage
and more…
Offer New Dimension of Testing and
Troubleshooting: powerful and efficient
Debugging, Runtime Analysis and Memory
Inspection of multi-layered web-based applications,
automated debugging via Debugger Scripting, and
more…
Improve Enhancement Programming:
Full fledged support for multi level
enhancements
3
[ ABAP 7.02 - Information at Your Fingertips
Read ABAP 7.02 Blogs and
watch Live Demos on
ABAP 7.02
SDN
http://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/abap?rid=/webcontent/u
uid/1009fbb7-fd08-2d10-0182-852b6fa05f08
Download ABAP 7.02 Trial Version on SDN at
ABAP 7.02
Trial
http://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/abap?rid=/library/u
uid/80db43c2-9ee5-2d10-de8e-8547de363868
Use ABAP Keyword Documentation on
ABAP 7.02
Docu
SAP Help Portal
(see „Release specific changes“):
http://help.sap.com/abapdocu_702/en/index.htm
[ Agenda
Overview
Summary and Outlook
5
[ Secondary Indexes for Internal Tables
Before SAP NetWeaver 7.02:
Only Access by Primary Key
time
Only one (primary) key for an internal
table
... UNIQUE | NON-UNIQUE KEY ...
Optimizing the key SORTED and
HASHED speeds up only one access
path
Access
STANDARD
can be very slow for large internal
tables
size
O(n)
O(log n)
O(1)
As of SAP NetWeaver 7.02:
Additional Secondary Keys
Up to 15 secondary keys for an internal
table
... SORTED UNIQUE | SORTED
NON-UNIQUE KEY | HASHED
UNIQUE ...
When accessing the data (LOOP, READ,
…) you should write which secondary key
should be used
Secondary indices with UNIQUE are
updated when the table is changed. Lazy
update for NON-UNIQUE keys
Use UNIQUE not so often!
Every secondary index needs memory and
needs to be updated
Use it only for
tables that are often read and seldom
changed.
[ Secondary Indexes for Internal Tables: Example
DATA spfli_tab TYPE SORTED TABLE OF spfli
WITH NON-UNIQUE KEY cityfrom cityto
WITH UNIQUE HASHED KEY dbtab_key
COMPONENTS carrid connid.
primary key
„non-unique sorted“
secondary index
„unique hashed“
FIELD-SYMBOLS <spfli> TYPE spfli.
SELECT *
FROM spfli
INTO TABLE spfli_tab.
LOOP AT spfli_tab ... USING KEY dbtab_key.
...
ENDLOOP.
READ TABLE spfli_tab
WITH TABLE KEY dbtab_key
COMPONENTS carrid = 'LH' connid = '0400'
ASSIGNING <spfli>.
Check for duplicates
in secondary index
loop ordered by
secondary index
fast access by
secondary index
[
Resumable Exceptions
Propagation of exceptions
destroys context
When propagating the exception the
context (“call stack”) , that raised the
exception, is deleted.
Handling the exception cannot work
in the original context
It is not possible to handle the mistake
and then to go on with program
execution at the position where the
exception was raised.
For example you cannot use
exceptions to only write a record of
errors
Resumption Possible
If the CATCH statement has the addition
BEFORE UNWIND the context of the
exception can be accessed
The context will be deleted after the
catch block is processed
The CATCH block can resume the
exception at the position where it was
raised (RESUME), if:
the context is not deleted (BEFORE
UNWIND) and
the exception is raised with the
addition RESUMABLE
is declared in the interface of the
method/function module as
RAISING RESUMABLE
[
Numeric Data Types
Numeric Types p and f
Type p (“packed number”) calculates
exactly, but has a limited range
Type f (“floating point number”) has a
large range, but calculates in a binary
mode, and this way sometimes wrong:
decimal rounding and moving of
decimal place can cause errors
Results of calculations may depend
on database and platform
DATA float TYPE f.
float = 805 / 1000.
New Data Type decfloat
New types decfloat (“decimal floating
point number”) calculates as exact a p on a
larger range than f
Decfloat16: 8 bytes, 16 digits
exponent -383 to +384 (range 1E-383 through
9.999999999999999E+384 )
16 bytes, 34 digits,
exponent -6143 to +6144 (range 1E-6143 through
Decfloat34:
9.999999999999999999999999999999999E+6144)
Based on standard IEEE-754r
DATA decfloat TYPE decfloat16.
decfloat = 805 / 1000.
8.05E-01
8.0500000000000005E-01
[ Numeric Data Types – How to Use Them
Whole Numbers
If domain is sufficient, use type I
If domain of I not sufficient, use type p
If domain of p not sufficient, use decfloat.
Numbers with a fixed number of decimal places
If range is sufficient, use data type p
If range is not sufficient, use decfloat
Numbers with a variable number of decimal places
Use decfloat16 or decfloat34 (decfloat16 needs less memory, but is not faster)
What about the Future of f ?
No longer recommended for business calculationsIf you still want to use type f:
TRY.
The new key word EXACT
COMPUTE EXACT result = 3 * ( 1 /
forces an exception if rounding CATCH cx_sy_conversion_rounding ...
...
leads to incorrect results
ENDTRY.
3 ).
[ … and still more ABAP Language Features
Dynamic Where Clause for
internal tables
Can avoid the expensive dynamic creation of
programs
Syntax for where clause as in OpenSQL
DATA cond_syntax TYPE string.
cond_syntax =
`col1 ... AND col2 ... `.
LOOP AT itab ...
WHERE (cond_syntax).
Analog für MODIFY und DELETE
Boxed Components
Storage of structures on the heap
– like the storage of strings and internal tables
Memory is allocated when needed
Low memory consumption for initial values
Access to boxed components as usual
But: Boxed components are deep data objects
TYPES:
BEGIN OF s1,
comp1 TYPE I,
comp2 TYPE syst BOXED,
END OF s1.
TRY.
RETRY-Statement for exceptions
Restarts the Try block during the handling of
exception
obj->lock( ).
CATCH cx_already_locked.
WAIT UP TO 1 SECONDS.
RETRY.
ENDTRY.
[ Agenda
Overview
Summary and Outlook
12
[ Expressions
Expression with COMPUTE
Arithmetic and binary expressions only
allowed in COMPUTE statement
Logical expressions only allowed in
control statements (IF, WHILE, …)
Embedded functions and functional
methods as operands are only allowed in
a limited number of cases
Code gets more complex and unreadable
by using auxiliary variables
Expressions as Operands
In general, expressions can be used as
operands
Arithmetic, binary, and string
expressions
Many new embedded functions (in
particular string functions)
Chained method calls are now
possible
Code is getting leaner and more elegant by
using “in-place” expressions
[ Expressions: Improvements at One Glance
v1
v2
v3
IF
= a + b.
= c - d.
= meth( v2 ).
v1 > v3.
...
IF a + b > meth( c – d ).
...
len = strlen( txt ) - 1.
DO len TIMES.
...
DO strlen( txt ) – 1 TIMES.
...
idx = lines( itab ).
READ TABLE itab INDEX idx ...
READ TABLE itab
INDEX lines( itab ) ...
regex = oref->get_regex( ... ).
FIND REGEX regex IN txt.
FIND REGEX oref->get_regex( ... )
IN txt.
CONCATENATE txt1 txt2 INTO txt.
CONDENSE txt.
txt = condense( txt1 && txt2 ).
DATA oref TYPE REF TO c1.
oref = c2=>m2( ).
oref->m1( ).
c2=>m2( )->m1( ).
[ String Processing
String Processing painful
Some basic statements
FIND SUBSTRING|REGEX,
REPLACE SUBSTRING|REGEX,
CONCATENATE, SPLIT, ...
Logical operators
CS, NS, CA, NA, CP, NP
Few embedded functions
strlen(...),
charlen(...), ...
Access to substring by offset and length
... text+off(len) ...
String processing was possible, but meant a
lot of work
Expressions as Operands
New string expressions:
concenation (Operator &&)
string templates (text and formatting)
New embedded string functions
distance, condense,
concat_lines_of, escape, find,
find_end, find_any_of,
find_any_not_of, insert,
repeat, replace, reverse,
segment, shift_left,
shift_right, substring,
substring_after substring_from,
substring_before, substring_to,
to_upper, to_lower, to_mixed,
from_mixed, translate
New predicate functions for strings
contains, contains_any_of,
contains_any_not_of
String processing is now far easier
[ String Processing: Example
"amount: -116.00 USD“
[ Code Completion in ABAP Editor
Complete Code Completion
proposes what to type in
and inserts the text proposed if wanted
Press CRT + SPACE
Key words:
Methods etc. from the
global Repository:
[ Code Completion in ABAP Editor
Press SHIFT and
RETURN to insert
all parameters.
[ … and still more ABAP Workbench Features
Class Builder
Change between form based and code
based view
© SAP Real
2007 / Experience.
Page 19
Real Advantage.
[ … and still more ABAP Workbench Features
Classification Tool
Problem: More and more metadata
Define your own meta data for any repository object
Sort the objects by your own classification
Tools to define the categories, to assign the attributes to objects and to define a classification
Use Classification Reports:
Query of classification
for objects
Statistic assessment of
the occurrence of
properties
Search for objects by your
self-defined meta
data
© SAP 2007 /
[ Agenda
Overview
Summary and Outlook
21
[ More Options to Analyze ABAP Programs
Coverage Analyzer 7.02
Code coverage on statement level (before: module level)
Code Coverage for branches ..
Visualization in Edit-Control
Integration with ABAP Unit
Statement-Coverage of tests for favorites in ABAP unit directly
accessible
ABAP Unit 7.02
New ABAP Unit Browser integrated in Object Navigator
Overview of unit test and the option to define
favorites
Running of many tests at once
Coverage Analyzer results integrated with the ABAP Unit result display.
Program and Block Level Coverage.
Access currently from the Favorites in the ABAP Unit Browser.
This will enable developers to check whether their unit test really
covers all intended functionality.
© SAP 2007 /
[ Code Coverage in ABAP Unit Test: Example
© SAP Real
2007 / Experience.
Page 23
Real Advantage.
[ Automated Debugging – Debugger Scripting
No automated debugging
The debugger runs in a session of its
own and controls the debuggee by
using an API
doDebugStep(SingleStep)
setBreakpoint()
setWatchpoint()
getValue(‘SY-SUBRC’)
getStack()
...
The debugger is controlled only by the
debugger UI
Debugger Scripting
You can additionally control the debugger by
using a script
normal ABAP syntax
API of the debugger engine available as
methods of a script
Standalone transaction SAS for script analysis
Many use cases:
Write debugging information in a trace
file
Conditional BPs and WPs depending on
previous program state
Analysis and display of complicated data
structures
Interactive scripts for typical error
situations (dump analysis,
consistency check,…)
[
Request Based Debugging
User Based Debugging
User breakpoints for all external requests
(HTTP, RFC)
User breakpoint is server-dependent
User breakpoints don’t work in many
cases because of:
Load Balancing:
“On which server to set a
breakpoint?”
Generic user:
“For which user to set a breakpoint?”
Request Based Debugging
User breakpoint is now server-independent
(active on all servers of the system)
Request based Debugging:
via Terminal ID
Terminal ID represents Windows logon
session and is sent with every request
Debugger stops only If Terminal ID of the
request matches the Terminal ID of the
user breakpoint
How to send Terminal ID:
For HTTP requests:
SAP HTTP PlugIn for Internet Explorer:
CSS Note 1435190
For GUI requests:
SAP GUI:OK-Code: ”/htid”
[ Software Layer Aware Debugging – Motivation
Business applications(ABAP)
dfdfdf
My code …
Some other stuff
Application framework
layer I
Application framework
layer II
Debugging is a nightmare!
My code is hidden under all the
other stuff !
Web Dynpro for ABAP
System services (ABAP, system
program)
( update, printing, controls …)
Kernel (C/C++)
(ABAP / Dynp core functionality)
System stuff – irrelevant for ABAP application developer
[ Software Layer Aware Debugging
Restrict the Code to be debugged in a Debugging Session
Determine which code should be shown in a debugger by defining a particular layer
In particular important if you want to debug your code in a large framework like Web
Dynpro ABAP
Code that does not belong to the relevant layer is not shown in the debugger
Definition of Layers
New transaction SLAD
Define selections sets by arbitrary criteria
Packages, Programs, Classes, Function Modules
all objects implementing a particular interface
Use logical operators to combine sets to layers
Layers are transport objects
After activation of layers in
Debugger Profile:
Debugger will only stop only in visible layers
New button “Next object set” to jump
from layer to layer
© SAP 2007 /
[
SAT – New ABAP Runtime Analysis Tool
Transaction SE30
SE30 is used for performance and trace
analysis of any ABAP application
Local trace storage -> only traces on
current server are visible
UI is not “state-of-the art” anymore
Limited analysis functionality (Call
Hierarchy and Hitlist Tools)
Missing trace comparison etc…
New transaction SAT
Central trace storage on the database
Modern multi-tool user interface (as in new ABAP
debugger)
New tools for different trace aspects:
Profile Tool for runtime consumption of
components, packages, programs and even
debugger layers.
Processing Blocks tool to get aggregated view
(as a tree) on the call sequence
Call Stack tool for each item of the call
hierarchy
DB tables tool identifies time-consuming
database statements
Easy navigation between tools
Memory and performance analysis,
trace comparison and more…
[ Agenda
Overview
Summary and Outlook
29
[ Nested Enhancements
Nested Enhancements
Create explicit enhancement points and sections in enhancement implementations
Use implicit enhancement points at the beginning and end of every enhancement
implementation
Use Cases
Add IS-specific code to the code of an enhancement package of SAP ERP
Customers can add enhancements into IS specific code
Customers or partners can enhance Add-ons of lower layer that are realized in enhancements
© SAP Real
2007 / Experience.
Page 30
Real Advantage.
[ Agenda
Overview
Summary and Outlook
31
[ Summary
New ABAP features in SAP NetWeaver 7.0 EhP2 increase developer productivity,
enable an even more efficient business programming, lead into a new dimension of
testing and troubleshooting and complete enhancement programming
Topic
Efficient Business
Programming
Testing and
Troubleshooting
Enhancement
Programming
Goal
Make Business
programming in
ABAP even more
efficient
Make development
in ABAP easier
Prevent and find
errors and
performance leaks
Full fledged
support for multi
level
enhancements
Details and Benefits
Secondary keys for internal tables: better performance for searches in large internal tables
Decfloat: new data type for exact calculation on large numbers
Resumable exceptions: More flexible handling of exceptions
Boxed components: Save memory by more flexible handling of data in the memory
New BGRFC: optimized transactional and queued call of functions in other systems
New Features of Shared Objects: Strong handling of memory shortages, data objects in shared memory,
etc.
Improved functionality for database access, time format (new 12 hour format), xml processing, etc.
Code Completion: Full fledged, state-of-the-art code completion
Two Way Editing for Global Classes: Change between form- and code based editor for global classes
Enhanced Expression Enabling
Pragmas: Avoid warnings from check tools
New Functions for String processing: check and manipulate strings in state-of-the-art way
Classification Tool: Create, manage, and analyze new classification metadata for different kinds of
development objects
Layer Aware Debugging: Efficient Debugging for multi-layered applications
Debugger Scripting: Use ABAP as a script language to change the program flow, set breakpoints
dynamically or write traces
SAT: more efficient runtime analysis, in particular enabled for multi-layered applications
New Features for ABAP Unit Testing: Test Class Generator and Integration of Coverage Analyzer.
Improvements of Coverage Analyzer: More detailed results by coverage results on statement level
More efficient memory analysis in debugger and Memory Inspector (dominator trees)
Nested enhancements for source code plug-ins in the Enhancements: Add enhancements as part of other
enhancements.
[ ABAP Outlook – Empower Classic and New SAP Products
ABAP has a strong position in SAP Product Strategy
Default technology for transactional
and analytical business applications
ON-DEVICE
Mobile access to ABAP based business apps
ON-DEMAND
SAP Business ByDesign
SAP Sales On-Demand etc.
ON-PREMISE
SAP Business Suite and Industry Solutions
SAP Business All-In-One
In-Memory
Computing Engine
LEVERAGING IN-MEMORY
COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY
33
[
]
Thank you for participating.
Please remember to complete and return your
evaluation form following this session.
For ongoing education in this area of focus, visit www.asug.com.
SESSION CODE: 712

State-of-the-Art ABAP in SAP NetWeaver 7.0 EhP2

Transcription

Similar documents

Record of Achievement

Variant configuration

Formerly, Zygen Technology

unit 5: financials - [email protected]

Record of Achievement

Efficient project management – Although employees are

Supply Chain Through Mobility

High Voltage Maintenance

Angiosperm Latin Name: Euphorbia ingens Common Name

S a m p