Chapter 2 Emergency Medical Responder Safety and Wellness

Transcription

Chapter 2
Emergency Medical
Responder Safety and
Wellness
EMR Complete: A Worktext
Daniel Limmer
Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
OBJECTIVES DIRECTORY
1. Define key terms introduced in this chapter. 55-56
2. List indications of the potential for danger to yourself or
others at the scene of an EMS call. 11-13
3. Given a scenario of an emergency call, describe how
you could use each of the following principles to protect
yourself: 14-15
a.
b.
c.
d.
Cover
Concealment
Distraction
Retreat
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4. Explain the importance of assessing an emergency
scene from a distance. 16
5. Describe the role of each of the following measures in
protecting yourself from disease and injury in your work
as an EMR: 17-28
a. Regular physical examination
b. Vaccinations
c. Personal protective equipment (gloves, eye and face
protection, respiratory protection, gown)
d. Hand washing
e. Reporting exposure to communicable disease
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6. Give examples of common stressors for EMS
personnel. 29-31
7. Recognize behaviors in yourself or others that are signs
of stress. 32
8. Describe actions that you can take, and things you
should avoid, to prevent and reduce stress. 33
9. Describe signs that a patient is dead and cannot be
resuscitated. 34-36
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10. Explain each of the following reactions to grief: 37-38
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
11. Give examples of instances when you mayneed to use
an emergent or urgent move to relocate or reposition a
patient before additional help arrives. 45-46, 49
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12. Demonstrate the use of good body mechanics when
lifting. 39-42, 44
13. Given a scenario in which a patient must be moved or
repositioned, explain the principles you will follow to
move the patient with regard to both your safety and
well-being and the patient’s. 47-48, 50
14. Explain the basic principles of patient restraint. 51-53
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MULTIMEDIA DIRECTORY
Slide 27
Slide 28
Slide 38
Putting on Gloves Video
Epidemiology of AIDS Video
Grief and the Death of a Child Video
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TOPICS
Scene Safety
Protection from Disease
Stress
Death and Dying
Lifting and Moving Patients
Patient Restraint
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INTRODUCTION
Scene safety
Taking care of yourself
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CASE STUDY: THE CALL
Environment
– Residence
Dispatch
– “Man down” call
– Caller is still on the line
– Husband fell in the bathroom
– Caller cannot wake him up
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Scene Safety
Back to Topics
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Photo: © Craig Jackson/ In the Dark Photography
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Protecting Yourself from Violence
Observation
– Signs of violence
– Weapons
– Crowds
– Drugs or alcohol
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Back to Objectives
Cover and
Concealment
“Take cover”
Concealment
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“Take cover”
Concealment
Distraction and
Retreat
Distraction
Retreat
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Back to Objectives
Other Scene
Hazards
Hazardous
materials
– Placards
– Downed power lines
– Unstable vehicles
– Confined spaces
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Back to Objectives
Protection from
Disease
Back to Topics
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Photo: © Mark C. Ide
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Protection from Disease
Standard Precautions
– Body fluids
– Airborne droplets
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Before the Response
Vaccinations
– Tetanus
– Hepatitis A
– Hepatitis B
– Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
– Chicken pox
– Influenza
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During the Response—Personal
Protective Equipment
Protect yourself from disease
Don appropriate equipment
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During the
the
During
Response—Personal
Response—Personal
Equipment
Protective
Eye and face
protection
– Safety
glasses
Eye and
face
– Surgical mask
protection
– Face shield
– Safety
glasses
– Surgical mask
– Face shield
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During the
Response—Personal
Respiratory
protection
Respiratory
protection
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During the Response—Personal
Gown
– Protects clothes from being contaminated
– For major trauma
– For childbirth
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Exposure to an Infectious
Substance
Exposure
Infectious disease exposure procedure
What to do if you’re exposed
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Hand
Washing
Hand Washing
Use warm
water Use warm water
Scrub Scrub
Use a brush
Use ifa brush if necessary
necessary
Rinse
Rinse
Dry
Dry
Turn off water with a barrier
Turn off water
with a barrier
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Putting on Gloves
Click on the screenshot to view a video on putting on gloves.
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Back
Back to
to Directory
Directory
Epidemiology of AIDS
Click on the screenshot to view a video on the epidemiology of AIDS.
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Back to Directory
Back to Objectives
Back to Directory
Stress
Back to Topics
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Photo: © Charles H. Porter IV/SYGMA
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Stressors
Stressors
Life-threatening situations
Seeing the stress of patient,
family, or bystander
Seriously ill or injured patients
Death of patient or coworker
Multiple patients
Pediatric patients
Photo: © BlackStar
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Back to Objectives
Signs of Stress
Difficulty sleeping or
nightmares
Irritability
Sadness, anxiety, or
guilt
Indecisiveness
Loss of appetite
Loss of interest in
sexual activity
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Isolation
Loss of interest in work
Inability to concentrate
Feelings of
hopelessness
Misuse of drugs or
alcohol
Signs of physical illness
Back to Objectives
Dealing
Dealing
withwith
Stress
Stress
Everyone experiences it
Everyone experiences it
LifestyleLifestyle
changeschanges
Professional
help
Professional
help
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Back to Objectives
Death and
Dying
Back to Topics
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Death and Dying
Experiencing death is inevitable
Signs of death
– Tissue decay
– Rigor mortis
– Obvious signs incompatible with life
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Back to Objectives
Dealing with Grieving
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
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Grief and a Child’s Death
Click on the screenshot to view a video on grief over a child’s death.
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Back to Directory
Back to Objectives
Back to Directory
Lifting and
Moving Patients
Back to Topics
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Lifting and Moving Patients
Body mechanics
The lift
Positioning patients for comfort and safety
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Body
BodyMechanics
Mechanics
Keep your back in line
Keep your back in line
Use
a firm and secure grip
Use a firm and secure
grip
Ensure solid footing Ensure solid footing
Do not twist
Do not twist
Communicate
Communicate
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Back to Objectives
CASE STUDY: THE RESPONSE
The patient’s wife is waving you into
the house
Patient was on the toilet and
collapsed
You don gloves and eye protection
Police arrive on scene
Patient is pulseless
Patient is located in a small bathroom
You successfully move the patient to
another room
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The Lift
Foot placement
Grip
Bend at your knees
Foot placement
Communicate
Communicate
Grip
Weight close to you
Bend at yourWeight
knees close to you
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Back to Objectives
Positioning Patients for Safety
and Comfort
Emergency moves
Urgent moves
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Positioning Patients for Safety
and Comfort
Emergency moves
– Fire or risk of explosion
– Unstable vehicles or surfaces
– Cardiac arrest
– The need to access other patients
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Back to Objectives
Positioning
Positioning
Patients
for
Patients
Safety
Safetyfor
and
and
Comfort
Comfort
Drag
Drag
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Positioning
Positioning
Patientsfor
for
Patients
Safetyand
and
Safety
Comfort
Comfort
Cradle carry
Cradle carry
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Back to Objectives
PositioningPatients
Patientsfor
for
Positioning
Safetyand
andComfort
Comfort
Safety
Urgent moves
moves
– Urgent
Inadequate
breathing
– Inadequate breathing
– –Altered
mental status
Altered mental status
– –Shock
Shock
Hypothermia
– –Hypothermia
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Back to Objectives
Positioning
Positioning
Patients
Patients
for
for
Safety
Safety
and
and
Comfort
Comfort
Position of comfort
Recovery position
Supine position
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Position of comfort
Recovery position
Supine position
Back to Objectives
Patient
Restraint
Back to Topics
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Photo: © Craig Jackson/ In the Dark Photography
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Patient Restraint
Protect the patient and others
Practice safety first
Coordinate effort
Move swiftly and decisively
Position the patient face up
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Back to Objectives
CASE STUDY: TRANSITION
EMS arrives as you are performing
CPR
You provide information to the EMS
crew
You offer to continue helping
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REVIEW
Define the following terms
– Cover
– Concealment
– Distraction
– Retreat
– Hazardous materials
– Placards
– Standard
Precautions
– Airborne droplets
– Personal protective
equipment (PPE)
CONTINUED
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REVIEW
Define the following terms
– HEPA mask
– Rigor mortis
– Emergency moves
– Urgent moves
– Recovery position
– Supine
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Back to Objectives
STOP, REVIEW, REMEMBER
The best method to protect yourself from
danger is to
a) know defensive tactics.
b) practice concealment.
c) know how far you can go before
encountering danger.
d) be observant and avoid danger altogether.
CONTINUED
Daniel Limmer
The difference between concealment and
cover is
a) concealment hides your body, and cover
protects it.
b) concealment protects your body, and cover
hides it.
c) concealment would stop a bullet, and cover
won’t.
d) cover is rarely found at emergency scenes,
and concealment is common.
CONTINUED
Daniel Limmer
Standard precautions are best defined as
a) taking all possible protection against disease
whether or not there is a risk of
transmission.
b) practices to prevent exposure to disease.
c) wearing gloves on any call.
d) wearing gloves and eyewear on any call.
Daniel Limmer
REVIEW
Discussion
1. List three things to consider before lifting a
patient.
2. List the five stages of death and dying.
3. Describe the steps of proper hand washing.
4. List some signs of stress.
5. Explain types of PPE and when they are
indicated.
Daniel Limmer
REINFORCE AND REVIEW
Please visit
www.bradybooks.com
and click on the mykit links to
access content for this text.
Daniel Limmer

Chapter 2 Emergency Medical Responder Safety and Wellness

Transcription

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