Checklist of medicinal and aromatic plants and their trade names
Transcription
Checklist of medicinal and aromatic plants and their trade names
Checklist of medicinal and aromatic plants and their trade names covered by CITES and EU Regulation 2307/97 Version 3.0 compiled by Dagmar Lange and Uwe Schippmann BfN - Skripten 8 German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation 2000 Checklist of medicinal and aromatic plants and their trade names covered by CITES and EU Regulation 2307/97 Version 3.0 compiled by Dagmar Lange and Uwe Schippmann German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation 2000 BfN-Skripten are not available in bookstores. Publisher: Bundesamt für Naturschutz (BfN)/German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation Konstantinstrasse 110, D-53179 Bonn Tel.: +49 228/8491-0 Fax: +49 228/8491-200 Internet: http://www.bfn.de This work with all its parts is protected by copyright. Printed on recycled paper. Bonn, May 1999, reprinted November 2000 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 3 Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3. List of species (arranged alphabetically by genus) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4. List of species (arranged alphabetically by family) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 5. Index of synonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 6. Index of trade and vernacular names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 1. Introduction Background About 21,000 plant species, most of them orchid and cacti species, are subject to CITES controls. For a long time, the rationale for including plant species in one of the CITES Appendices has been almost exclusively their threat owing to international horticultural trade (table 1). Table 1. Number of species in plant groups listed in CITES Appendices I and II. Plant group Appendix I Appendix II 108 2424 53 17500 5 82 43 789 Medicinal plants 1 13 Timber producing taxa 7 6 217 20814 Succulents Orchids Carnivorous plants Other horticultural plants TOTAL Recent years have seen a growing awareness of the threats faced by plant species used as a source of medicines, herbal remedies, cosmetics and dyes. The unprecedented boom in the demand for plant-based medicines, the increasingly global nature of trade, the surprisingly high proportion of wild-harvested plant species, and their relatively low prices have resulted in growing pressure on the wild plant populations. For some of them, the potential risk of over-exploitation led to their inclusion in CITES. Not less than seven additional plant species involved in medicinal and aromatic plant trade were included in the CITES Appendices at the 9th and 10th CITES Conferences of the Parties in 1994 and 1997. Fourteen species have been explicitly included in the Appendices because of the trade in medicinal and cosmetic products (table 2). Additionally, species of other CITES plant groups which have been included in the Appendices as higher taxa (e.g. Cactaceae, Cyathaeaceae, Cycadaceae, Orchidaceae, Aloe spp.) are often traded for medicinal purposes. A review of all CITES listed plant species has revealed that more than 230 CITES plants are traded for medicinal purposes or at least have a trade potential (SCHIPPMANN 1999). In some cases, this trade surpasses other reasons for trade (such as horticulture) for which the species was originally listed. Although some of these 230 medicinal and aromatic plant species are significantly traded internationally, the trade in their parts has gone mostly undocumented and as a result there is unsufficient trade data reported in the official CITES records held in the CITES Trade Database at the World Conservation Monitoring Centre (WCMC). Main reason for this implementation deficit is that CITES Management and Customs authorities find it very difficult to decide whether plant commodities in trade originate from a species included in one of the CITES Appendices or not: (1) Medicinal and aromatic plants appear in trade under their trade or pharmaceutical names 4 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 which may differ from the accepted scientific name of the species. No checklist of these names yet exists. (2) Commodities in trade are roots, leaves, flowers, bark etc. rather than whole plants. No identification manual exists for parts and derivatives originating from CITES plant species used for medicinal and aromatic purposes. The German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation has developed a training module on medicinal and aromatic plant species included in the CITES Appendices to assist national CITES authorities in efficiently implementing the Convention (LANGE 1998). Need for a checklist of trade names. Most medicinal plant consignments do not contain scientific names on their papers. They are accompanied by trade or even vernacular names. There is a need to cross-reference these trade names with their corresponding scientific names. The Index of Trade and Vernacular Names in part 6 of this checklist provides a tool to identify a scientific name for a given trade or common name. Table 2. List of taxa which have been explicitly included in the CITES Appendices because of trade for medicinal purposes. For explanation of annotations see table 4. Species Family Date of inclusion in CITES App. I App. II Annotation Aquilaria malaccensis Thymelaeaceae 16.2.1995 M #1 #1 Dioscorea deltoidea Dioscoreaceae 1.7.1975 M Guaiacum officinale Zygophyllaceae 11.6.1992 M #1 Guaiacum sanctum Zygophyllaceae 1.7.1975 M #1 18.9.1997 M #3 18.9.1997 M #3 #3 Hydrastis canadensis Nardostachys grandiflora Ranunculaceae Valerianaceae Panax quinquefolius Araliaceae 1.7.1975 M Picrorhiza kurrooa Scrophulariaceae 18.9.1997 M #3 18.1.1990 M #2 16.2.1995 M #1 #6 Podophyllum hexandrum Prunus africana Berberidaceae Rosaceae Pterocarpus santalinus Leguminosae 16.2.1995 M Rauvolfia serpentina Apocynaceae 18.1.1990 M #2 Saussurea costus Asteraceae (Compositae) 1.7.1975 App. II 1.8.1985 App. I Taxus wallichiana Taxaceae 16.2.1995 M #8 M The checklist essentially covers the same taxa as included in the Significant Trade Study for CITES medicinal plants (SCHIPPMANN 1999) and in Notification 1999/26 of the CITES Secretariat. To qualify for inclusion a species has to be (1) included in one of the CITES Appendices, (2) used regularly for medicinal purposes and (3) traded internationally or at least have a potential to be in international trade. Additional but yet unknown CITES taxa (especially from the orchid family) remain to be identified as having medicinal trade potential. If you come across such a case, please communicate this to the compilers. This will be added and acknowledged in the next version of the checklist and the corresponding CITES Notification. Trade names. If a trade name is not found in the Index of Trade and Vernacular Names, this is most likely not a CITES protected species. However, there is no guarantee for that because some trade names may not have been listed, new ones may have been created or even spelling errors may occur. We have tried to concentrate on the trade names, i.e. the ones that will most likely occur in international trade and its accompanying documents. It was, however, often difficult to assess whether a name is actually used in trade or is only a vernacular name in the country of origin. In cases of doubt we have chosen to rather include a name than to exclude it. In the framework of this checklist they are all called trade names whilst recognizing that some of them may be mere common names. Nomenclature. The nomenclature of all names has been checked against CITES standard reference lists and other sources: BUTTLER (1986), CARTER & EGGLI (1997), DRESSLER (1993), GREY-WILSON (1997), HUNT (1992), JACOBSEN (1981), KREUTZ (1998), OERTLE (1987), REYNOLDS (1982), ROBERTS & al. (1995, 1997), STEVENSON & al. (1995), and the Index Kewensis in its 1996 CD-ROM version. Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 5 Origin of trade names. For all trade names, the source and origin have been documented. The abbreviations listed in table 3 have been used to indicate the language or country/place of origin of a given trade name. Table 3. Language or geographical origin of trade names. afr alb and ara ass bak bam ban ben bhu cac cam chi cze dan del Africaans Albanian Andamans Arabic Assamese Bakweri Bamenda Banso Bengalese Bhutanese Cachar Cameroon Chinese Czech Danish Delhi dut eng fin fre gar ger guj hin hom hun ita jap kan kas kha kik Dutch English Finnish French Garhwali German Gujarati Hindi Homeopathic Hungarian Italian Japanese Kanarese/Kannada Kashmiri Khasi Kikuky Kis kom kor kum lus mad mal mar meg mex mik mum mun nep nor oku Kiswahili Kom Korean Kumauni Lushai Malagasy Malay Marathi Meghalaya Mexican Mikir Mumbai Mundari Nepalese Norwegian Oku ori per pha pol por pun ruk rus san spa swe tam tel tib tur urd Oriya Persian Pharmaceutical nomenclature Polish Portuguese Punjabi Rukiga Russian Sanskrit Spanish Swedish Tamil Telugu Tibetan Turkish Urdu Acknowledgements. We wish to thank EMILIO BLANCO, Madrid, JIA JIANSHENG, CITES Management Authority P. R. China, Beijing, MAX KASPAREK, Heidelberg, MANOJ KUMAR MISRA, TRAFFIC India, New Delhi, NINA MARSHALL, TRAFFIC East/Southern Africa, Nairobi, ÉVA NÉMETH ZÁMBORI, University of Horticulture and Food Industry, Budapest, CHRIS ROBBINS, TRAFFIC North America, Washington, JACQUI ROBERTS, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, N. C. SHAH, Herbal Research and Development Foundation, Lucknow, VINAY TANDON, formerly at the Foundation for Revitalization of Local Health Traditions (FRLHT), Bangalore, and ZDENKA PODHAJSKÁ, Agency for Nature Conservation and Landscape Protection of the Czech Republic, Praha, who kindly supported us by reviewing this checklist and sharing their comprehensive knowledge in relation to medicinal plants with the authors. We also would like to thank NATALIE HOFBAUER, Bundesamt für Naturschutz, Bonn, for her continuing support. Abbreviations and standards used. (1) The lists provide information on the level of protection: ‘App I’, ‘App II’ or ‘App III’ are used to identify the Appendix of CITES. The abbrevations ‘Ann A’, ‘Ann B’, ‘Ann C’, or ‘Ann D’ identify the Annex of EU Regulation 2307/97 which implements CITES in the European Union. Annex D includes only non-CITES taxa for trade monitoring purposes. (2) Both CITES Appendices and EU Regulation 2307/97 contain a number of annotations in footnotes which are quoted in the lists and explained in table 4. (3) Under the accepted scientific name, synonyms are listed under “S”, trade and vernacular names are given under “T”. The trade/vernacular names are annotated in brackets according to their language source, for abbreviations see table 3. (4) Medicinal and aromatic plant taxa in significant trade are printed in bold and preceeded by an asterisk. Species with documented international trade are printed in bold. 6 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Table 4. The annotations to Appendix II species designate which parts and derivatives are controlled by CITES and the CITES EU Regulation. #1 Designates all parts and derivatives, except a) seeds, spores and pollen (including pollinia); b) seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile containers; and c) cut flowers of artificially propagated plants. #2 Designates all parts and derivatives, except a) seeds and pollen; b) seedlings or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile containers; c) cut flowers of artificially propagated plants; and d) chemical derivatives. #3 Designates whole and sliced roots and parts of roots, excluding manufactured parts or derivatives such as powders, pills, extracts, tonics, teas, and confectionery. #4 Designates all parts and derivatives, except: a) seeds, except those from Mexican cacti originating in Mexico, and pollen; b) seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile containers; c) cut flowers of artificially propagated plants; d) fruits and parts and derivatives thereof of naturalized or artificially propagated plants; and e) separate stem joints (pads) and parts and derivatives thereof of naturalized or artificially propagated plants of the genus Opuntia subgenus Opuntia. #6 Designates logs, wood-chips and unprocessed broken material. #7 Designates all parts and derivatives, except a) seeds, spores and pollen (including pollinia); b) seedlings or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile containers; c) cut flowers of artificially propagated plants; and d) fruits and parts and derivatives thereof of artificially propagated plants of the genus Vanilla. #8 Designates all parts and derivatives, except a) seeds and pollen; b) seedlings or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile containers; c) cut flowers of artificially propagated plants; and d) finished pharmaceutical products. §3 [The] provisions shall apply ... to live specimens ... [and to] dried and fresh plants, including leaves, roots/rootstock, stems, seeds/spores, bark, and fruits. 2. References The following list includes also those references which have been consulted to identify taxa in trade and their corresponding trade names. ABDUL KAREEM, M. (1997): Plants in Ayurveda. A compendium of botanical and Sanskrit names. - 243 pp., FRLHT, Bangalore. Anon. (1948-1997): Wealth of India. A dictionary of Indian raw materials and industrial products. 11 vols. & 3 supplements. - New Delhi. BLANCO CASTRO, E., Madrid (23.6.1998): in litt. to the German CITES Scientific Authority. BUTTLER, K.P. (1986): Orchideen. - 287 pp., Mosaik Verlag, München. CARTER, S. & EGGLI, U. (1997): The CITES checklist of succulent Euphorbia taxa. - xix+70 pp., Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn. CATLING, P.M. & SMALL, E. (1994): Poorly known economic plants of Canada. 3. Hydrastis canadensis L. - CBA/ABC Bulletin 27(3): 50-51. COFFEY, T. (1993): The history and folklore of North American wildflowers. - Facts on File, New York. CUNNINGHAM, A.B., People & Plants Initiative, Africa Coordinator (23.2.1998): in litt. to D. LANGE. CUNNINGHAM, M. (1997): Review of trade structure and elaboration of an identification guide for Prunus africana. - 41 [36] pp., Unpublished report for BfN, Betty's Bay. DRESSLER, R.L. (1993): Phylogeny and classification of the orchid family. - 314 pp., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 7 DUKE, J.A. & AYENSU, E.S. (1985): Medicinal plants of China. 2 volumes. - 705 pp., Reference Publications, Algonac (Medicinal plants of the world 4). GALAMBOSI, B. (1.1997): in litt. to D. LANGE. GISLASON, H.T. (11.3.1996): in litt. to D. LANGE. GREY-WILSON, C. (1997): Cyclamen. A guide for gardeners, horticulturists and botanists. - 192 pp., B.T. Batsford, London. HÄNSEL, R., KELLER, K., RIMPLER, H. & SCHNEIDER, G., Eds. (1992-1994): HAGERs Handbuch der pharmazeutischen Praxis 4-6. Drogen A-Z. - Springer, Berlin. HAU CHI-HANG (1997): A general evaluation of Hong Kong's trade [in] medicinal plants listed in CITES. Second draft report. - 41 pp., 10 photos, TRAFFIC East Asia. Unpublished report, Hong Kong. HUNT, D. (1992): CITES Cactaceae Checklist. - 190 pp., Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. HUSAIN, A., VIRMANI, O.P., POPLI, S.P., MISRA, L.N., GUPTA, M.M. & al. (1992): Dictionary of Indian medicinal plants. 546 pp., Central Inst. Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Lucknow. INDIA (1997): CITES Proposal. Inclusion of Picrorhiza kurrooa in Appendix II of the Convention. JACOBSEN, H. (1981): Das Sukkulentenlexikon. 2. edition. - 645 pp., G. Fischer, Stuttgart. JAIN, S.K. & DEFILLIPPS, R.A. (1991): Medicinal plants of India 1 & 2. - 849 pp., Reference Publications, Algonac (Medicinal plants of the world 5). JIA JIANSHENG, CITES Management Authority, China (29.4.1998): in litt. to the German CITES Scientific Authority. KASPAREK, M., MULLIKEN, T. & SCHIPPMANN, U. (1997): Significant trade study. Trade in medicinal plants. Prepared for the 8th meeting of the CITES Plants Committee, Pucon, Chile. - 8 pp., Unpublished report, Bonn. KREUTZ, C.A.J. (1998): Die Orchideen der Türkei. - 766 pp., Landgraaf, Raalte. LANGE, D. (1998): Training unit for CITES listed plant species used for medicinal purposes. Version 1.1-En. 15.1.1998. 100 pp., Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn. LIST, P.H. & HÖRHAMMER, L., Eds. (1967-1977): HAGERs Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis 1-7. 4. edition. Springer, Berlin. LOU ZHI-CEN, ZHAO DAWEN & SHEN YUAN (1991-1997): Arzneibuch der chinesischen Medizin. Monographien des Arzneibuches der Volksrepublik China 1990 und 1995. Loseblattsammlung. Grundwerk 2. Auflage 1991. 6. Ergänzungslieferung 1997. Übersetzt von E. Stoeger. - s.pag., Deutscher Apotheker Verlag, Stuttgart. MARSHALL, N., TRAFFIC East/ Southern Africa (20.4.1998): in litt. to the German CITES Scientific Authority. NÉMETH ZÁMBORI, E. (16.4.1998): in litt. to the German CITES Scientific Authority. OERTLE, C.F., Ed. (1987): Index periodicarum orchidacearum 1975-1985. - v+615 pp., European Orchid Committee, Teufen. ÖZHATAY, N., KOYUNCU, M., ATAY, S. & BYFIELD, A.J. (1997): The wild medicinal plant trade in Turkey. - 111 pp., Unpublished report for Dogal Hayati Koruma Dernegi & Fauna and Flora International. PEI SHENGJI, LI YANHUI & YIN SHUZE (1996): Ethnobotanical investigations of plant drugs at local markets in north-west Yunnan of China. In: PEI SHENGJI, SU YONG-GE, LON CHUNIN, MARR, K. & POSEY, D. (Eds.): Proceedings of the 2nd International Congress of Ethnobiology. Challenges of ethnobiology in the 21st century - pp. 150-168, Yunnan Science and Technology Press. PODHAJSKA, Z. (21.10.1998): in litt. to D. LANGE. REYNOLDS, G.W. (1982): The Aloes of South Africa. 4th edition. - xviii+538 pp., A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. ROBERTS, J.A., ALLMAN, L.R., BEALE, C.R., BUTTER, R.W., CROOK , K.R. & MCGOUGH, H.N ., Eds. (1995): CITES orchid checklist 1. For the genera Cattleya, Cypripedium, Laelia, Paphiopedilum, Phalaenopsis, Phragmipedium, Pleione and Sophronitis including accounts of Constantia, Paraphalaenopsis and Sophronitella. - 136 pp., Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ROBERTS, J.A., ALLMAN, L.R., BEALE, C.R., BUTTER, R.W., CROOK , K.R. & MCGOUGH, H.N ., Eds. (1997): CITES orchid checklist 2. For the genera Cymbidium, Dendrobium (selected sections only), Disa, Dracula and Encyclia. - 300 pp., Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ROBBINS, C.S., TRAFFIC North America (7.5.1998): in litt. to the German CITES Scientific Authority. 8 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 SCHIPPMANN, U. (1997): 10. CITES-Vertragsstaaten-Konferenz. Fachliche Bewertung der Anhangsänderungsvorschläge. Pflanzen. - 31 pp., Unpublished report, Bonn. SCHIPPMANN, U. (1999): Medicinal plants significant trade study (CITES project S-109). - 88 pp., Bundesamt für Naturschutz. Unpublished report, Bonn. SMALL, E., CATLING, P.M. & HABER, E. (1994): Poorly known economic plants of Canada. 4. Ginseng, Panax quinquefolius L. - CBA/ABC Bulletin 27(4): 70-72. STEINMETZ, E.F. (1957): Codex vegetabilis. - 136 pp., 7 Annexes, Published by the author, Amsterdam. STEVENSON, D.W., R. OSBORNE & K.D. HILL (1995): The world list of cycads. In: VOSTER, P. (Ed.): Proceedings of the Third International Conference of Cycad Biology - pp. 55-64, Cycad Society of South Africa, Stellenbosch. TANDON, V., FRLHT (23.5.1998): in litt. to the German CITES Scientific Authority. TRAFFIC EAST ASIA (1999): Medicinal plants significant trade study (phase 2). Second interim report submitted to the Bundes-amt für Naturschutz. Draft. - 16 pp., Unpublished report, s.loc. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (1997): CITES Proposal. Inclusion of Hydrastis canadensis in Appendix II of the Convention. VASO, A. (18.3.1998): in litt. to D. LANGE. WICHTL, M., Ed. (1997): Teedrogen, 3rd edition. - 668 pp., Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart. YEN, KUN-YING (1992): The illustrated Chinese Materia Medica. - 383 pp., SMC Publishing, The World Bank, Taipei. ZHONG WENJUN (10.1997): in litt. to D. LANGE. Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 9 3. List of species (arranged alphabetically by genus) Acampe praemorsa (Roxb.) Blatter & McCann App II / Ann B / #7 Aceras anthropophorum (L.) W.T.Aiton App II / Ann B / #7 T Flor del Hombre Ahorcado (spa), Salep (pha) Acrolophia cochlearis (Bolus) Schltr. App II / Ann B / #1 Adonis vernalis L. Ann D / §3 S Adonis appennina L., Adonis davurica Rchb., Adonis helleborus Crantz, Adonis ircutiana Fisch., Adonis parviflora Janka T Adonidis herba (pha), Adonis (fre), Adonis-vernalis-Kraut (ger), Adoniskraut (ger), Böhmisches Christwurzkraut (ger), Frühlings-Adonisröschenkraut (ger), Herb d'Adonide (fre), Herb of Lynchis (eng), Herb of Spring Adonis (eng), Herba Adonidis (pha), Herba Adonidis vernalis (pha), Hlavacek jarni (cze), Nat hlavacku jarniho (cze), Ojo de Perdiz (spa), Yerba de Adonis (spa) Aerangis mystacidii (Rchb.f.) Schltr. App II / Ann B / #7 Aloe arborescens Mill. App II / Ann B / #1 S Aloe arborea Medik., Aloe fructicosa Lam., Aloe perfoliata Thunb. var. arborescens Aiton, Catevala arborescens Medik. T Aloe drevovidne (rus), Aloe-arborescens-Blätter (ger), Baumartige Aloe (ger), Candelabra Aloe (eng), Candelabra Plant (eng), Kidachiaroe (jap), Kidachirokai (jap), Octopus Plant (eng), Stoletnik (rus), Torch Plant (eng) Aloe aristata Haw. App II / Ann B / #1 Aloe asperifolia A.Berger App II / Ann B / #1 Aloe chabaudii Schönl. App II / Ann B / #1 Aloe cooperi Baker App II / Ann B / #1 Aloe ferox Mill. App II / Ann B / #1 S Aloe horrida Haw., Aloe socotorina Masson, Aloe perfoliata Thunb., Aloe pseudoferox Salm-Dyck, Pachidendron ferox Haw. T Afrikanische Aloe (ger), Aloe (spa), Aloe (jap), Aloe capensis (pha), Aloë del Capo (ita), Aloe lucida (pha), Aloe(s) (eng), Aloès du Cap (fre), Berg-Aloe (ger), Bitter-Aloe (ger), Cape Aloe(s) (eng), Kap-Aloe (ger), Lu hui (chi), Lucid aloe (eng), Luhui (chi), Nohwa (kor), Rokai (jap), Tou ming lu hui (chi) Aloe hereroensis Engl. App II / Ann B / #1 Aloe linearifolia A.Berger App II / Ann B / #1 Aloe marlothii A.Berger App II / Ann B / #1 Aloe micracantha Haw. App II / Ann B / #1 Aloe perryi Baker App II / Ann B / #1 T Aloe Sokotrina (ger), Aloe socotrino (ita), Aloès Socotrin (fre), Kumari (san), Sabir suqutri (ara), Sobr (ara), Socotrine Aloes (eng), Sokatra-Aloe (ger) Aloe secundiflora Engl. App II / Ann B / #1 Aloe turkanensis Christian App II / Ann B / #1 Amitostigma gracile (Blume) Schltr. App II / Ann B / #1 Anacamptis pyramidalis (L.) Rich. App II / Ann B / #7 T Salep (pha) Anoectochilus formosanus Hayata App II / Ann B / #1 Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl. App II / Ann B / #1 Ansellia africana Lindl. App II / Ann B / #7 Ansellia gigantea Rchb.f. App II / Ann B / #7 10 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Aquilaria malaccensis Lam. App II / Ann B / #1 S Aquilaria agallocha Roxb., Agallochum malaccense (Lam.) Kuntze, Aquilaria secundaria DC., Aquilariella malaccense Thiegh. T A-ka-ru (tib), Adlerholz (ger), Agalugi (ara), Agalwood (eng), Agar (eng), Agar (hin), Agar (guj), Agar (tam), Agaru (ben), Agaru (san), Agaru (tel), Agarwood (eng), Aggar (pha), Aggur (pha), Agha-loo-chee (ara), Agulugin (ara), Aguru (san), Aloe wood (eng), Aloeholz (ger), Aquilaria-malaccensis-Holz (ger), Aquilariae lignum (pha), Aquilariae lignum resinatum (pha), Aquilariaharzholz (ger), Bois d'Aigle (fre), Bois d'Aloes (fre), Calambac (mal), Ch'imhyang (kor), Chen xian (chi), Chen xiang (chi), Chenxiang (chi), Eaglewood (eng), Gaharu (mal), Garu (mal), Hindiagara (mum), Jinko(h) (jap), Kalambac (mal), Kananko (jap), Kanankoh (jap), Kayu Gaharu (mal), Kyara (jap), Lignum Aloes (pha), Lignum Aquilariae (pha), Lignum Aspalathi (pha), Owd (per), Owd-hindee (per), Paradise wood (eng), Sasi (ass), Uggor (pha), Yelunjooj (ara) Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. Ann D / §3 S Arbutus uva-ursi L., Arctostaphylos officinalis Wimm., Uva-ursi buxifolia Gray T Bärenkraut (ger), Bärentraubenblätter (ger), Bear's Grape (eng), Bearberry leaves (eng), Beerendruif (dut), Feuille de busserolle (fre), Feuilles de raisin d'ours (fre), Folhas de uva ursina (por), Folia (Herba) Garjubae (pha), Folia Arctostaphyli (pha), Folia Uvae-ursi (pha), Folia Vaccinii ursi (pha), Gayuba del Pays (spa), Hojas de gayuba (spa), Lisc macznicy (pol), List'ja toloknjanki (rus), Medvedice lekarska (cze), Medvedicovy (cze), Melbaerblad (nor), Mjölonrisblad (swe), Phüllon arctocomaroü (hun), Ptarmiganbeery leaves (eng), Steinbeerenblätter (ger), Uva orsina (ita), Uva ursi leaf (eng), Uvae ursi folium (pha), Wolfsbeerenblätter (ger) Arnica montana L. Ann D / §3 S Doronicum arnica Desf., Doronicum montanum Lam. T Arnica (fre), Arnica flowers (eng), Arnica root (eng), Arnica-montana-Blüten (ger), Arnicabloem (dut), Arnicae flos (cum calycibus, sine calycibus) (pha), Arnicae folium (pha), Arnicae radix (pha), Arnicae rhizoma (pha), Arnikablätter (ger), Arnikablomst (dan), Arnikablüten (ger), Arnikagyökér (hun), Arnikakraut (ger), Arnikawurzel (ger), Arnikony koren (cze), Arnikony kvet (cze), Arnikovy koren (cze), Arnikovy kveti (cze), Bergwohlverleihwurzel (ger), Bergwurzblumen (ger), Bergwurzelblumen (ger), Blutblumen (ger), Engelblumen (ger), Engelskraut (ger), Fallkraut (ger), Fallkrautblumen (ger), Fallkrautwurzel (ger), Fior(e) de arnica (ita), Fleur d'Arnica (fre), Fleurs d'arnique (fre), Flor de arnica (spa), Flores Alismae (pha), Flores Arnicae (pha), Flores Calendulae alpinae (pha), Flores Plantaginis montanae (pha), Flores Ptarmicae (pha), Flos Arnicae (pha), Folia Arnicae (pha), Gamsblumen (ger), Gamskraut (ger), Herba Arnicae (pha), Herba Doronici germanici (pha), Herbe aux chutes (fre), Herbe d'arnice (fre), Kwiat kupalnika (pol), Mountain tobacco (eng), Mutterwurz (ger), Prha horska ("arnyka") (cze), Racine d'Arnique (fre), Radix Arnicae (pha), Radix Doronici germanici (pha), Raiz de arnica (spa), Rhizoma Arnicae (pha), Rhizome d'Arnique (fre), St.-Luzianskraut (ger), Stichkraut (ger), Stichwurz (ger), Tabac des Vosges (des montagnes) (fre), Verfangkraut (ger), Wohlverleihblätter (ger), Wohlverleihblüten (ger), Wohlverleihkraut (ger), Wohlverleihwurzel (ger), Wolfsblüten (ger) Arundina graminifolia (D.Don) Hochr. App II / Ann B / #1 Barlia robertiana (Loisel.) Greuter App II / Ann B / #7 T Salep (pha) Bletilla formosana (Hayata) Schltr. App II / Ann B / #1 Bletilla ochracea Schltr. App II / Ann B / #1 Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb.f. App II / Ann B / #7 S Bletia hyacinthina R.Br., Bletilla hyacinthina (R.Br.) Rchb.f. T Bai Ji (chi), Baiji (chi), Bletilla Tuber (eng), Bletilla rhizoma (pha), Bletilla-striata-Wurzelknollen (ger), Bletillae tuber (pha), Byakukyu (jap), Paekkup (kor), Pai-chi (chi), Rhizoma Bletillae (pha), Tubera Bletillae (pha) Bolusiella maudiae (Bolus) Schltr. App II / Ann B / #7 Bulbophyllum calodictyon Schltr. App II / Ann B / #1 Bulbophyllum inconspicuum Maxim. App II / Ann B / #1 Bulbophyllum kwangtungense Schltr. App II / Ann B / #1 Bulbophyllum odoratissimum Lindl. App II / Ann B / #1 Bulbophyllum radiatum Lindl. App II / Ann B / #1 Calanthe davidi Franch. App II / Ann B / #1 Calyptrochilum emarginatum Schltr. App II / Ann B / #7 Cereus hildmannianus K.Schum. App II / Ann B / #4 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Ceropegia woodii Schltr. App II / Ann B / #1 Cetraria islandica (L.) Acharius Ann D / §3 11 S Lichen islandicus L., Lobaria islandica Hoffm. T Blätterflechte (ger), Cetrariae lichen (pha), Crep (ita), Erba rissa (ita), Fieberflechte (ger), Fiebermoos (ger), Fucus islandicus (pha), Heideflechte (ger), Hirschhornflechte (ger), Iceland lichen (eng), Iceland moss (eng), Isländische Flechte (ger), Isländisches Moos (ger), Islandsky lisjnik (cze), Islanninjäkälä (fin), Izlandi zúzmó (hun), Kramperltee (ger), Lichen d'Islande (fre), Lichen islandicus (pha), Lichene catartico (ita), Lichene islandico (ita), Liquen (spa), Liquen de Islandia (spa), Liquen islandico (spa), Lungenflechte (ger), Lungenmoos (ger), Musco catartico (ita), Musco di terra (ita), Musco islandico (ita), Musgo de Islandia (spa), Porost islandzki (pol), Puklerka sobi (cze), Purgiermoos (ger), Stelha puklerky islandske (cze), Tartschenflechte (ger) Changnienia amoena Chien App II / Ann B / #1 Cibotium barometz (L.) J.Smith App II / Ann B / #1 T Blutstillende Spreuhaare (ger), Chain fern rhizome (eng), Cibot rhizome (eng), Cibota (eng), Cibotii barometz rhizoma (pha), Cibotii rhizoma (pha), Cibotium-Wurzelstock (ger), Cibotum (eng), Farnhaare (ger), Farnkrautwolle (ger), Gou Ji (chi), Gouji (chi), Jingouji (chi), Jinmaogou (chi), Kuch'ok (kor), Kuseki (jap), Lamb of Tartary (eng), Paleae stypticae (pha), Pili cibotii (pha), Pili stypticae (pha), Rhizoma Cibotii (pha), Shougoujipian (chi), Tanggouji (chi), Wundfarn (ger) Comperia comperiana (Stev.) Asch. & Graebn. S Orchis comperiana Stev. T Salep (pha) App II / Ann B / #7 Cremastra appendiculata (D.Don) Makino App II / Ann B / #1 Cremastra variabilis Nakai App II / Ann B / #1 Cyathaea dregei Kunze App II / Ann B / #1 Cycas circinalis L. App II / Ann B / #1 T Hintalah (san), Jangli-madan-mast-ka-phul (hin), Varaguna (san) Cyclamen hederifolium Aiton T App II / Ann B / #1 Siklamen (tur) Cyclamen purpurascens Mill. App II / Ann B / #1 Cypripedium flavum P.F.Hunt & Summerhayes App II / Ann B / #7 Cypripedium franchetii Rolfe App II / Ann B / #7 Cypripedium guttatum Sw. App II / Ann B / #7 Cypripedium henryi Rolfe App II / Ann B / #7 Cypripedium japonicum Thunb. App II / Ann B / #7 Cypripedium macranthon Sw. App II / Ann B / #7 Cypripedium margaritaceum Franch. App II / Ann B / #7 Cypripedium parviflorum E.Salisb. App II / Ann B / #7 S Cypripedium hirsutum Mill. var. parviflorum (E.Salisb.) Rolfe, Cypripedium luteum Aiton ex. Raf., Cypripedium parviflorum E.Salisb. var. pubescens (Willd.) Knight, Cypripedium pubescens Willd. T American Valerian (eng), Amerikanische Frauenschuhwurzel (ger), Amerikanischer Frauenschuh (ger), Cypripedii rhizoma (pha), Frauenschuh (ger), Frauenschuhwurzelstock (ger), Frauenschuhwurzel (ger), Gelbfrauenschuhwurzel (ger), Lady's Slipper (eng), Nerve root (eng), Nervenwurzel (ger), Radix Cypripedii (pha), Rhizoma Cypripedii (pha), Yellow Lady's slipper (eng), Yellow Moccasin flower (eng) Cyrtopodium punctatum (L.) Lindl. App II / Ann B / #7 Cyrtorchis arcuata (Rchb.f.) Schltr. App II / Ann B / #7 Dactylorhiza hatagirea D.Don App II / Ann B / #7 T Dbang-po-lag (tib), Hath Panja (hin), Salam Panja (urd) Dactylorhiza iberica (M.Bieb. ex Willd.) Soó App II / Ann B / #7 12 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 T Salep (pha) Dactylorhiza osmanica (Klinge) Soó T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Dactylorhiza romana (Seb.) Soó App II / Ann B / #7 S Orchis romana Seb. & Mauri, Orchis pseudo-sambucina Ten. T Salep (pha) Dendrobium acinaciforme Roxb. App II / Ann B / #7 Dendrobium aduncum Wall. ex Lindl. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista aduncum (Wall. ex Lindl.) Kuntze T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium aphyllum (Roxb.) Fischer App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista aphylla (Roxb.) Kuntze, Cymbidium aphyllum (Roxb.) Sw., Dendrobium cucullatum R.Br., Dendrobium madrasense Hawkes, Dendrobium pierardii (Roxb. ex Hook.) Fischer T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium bellatulum Rolfe T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium bifarium Lindl. T App II / Ann B / #7 see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium candidum Wall. ex Lindl. T App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium cariniferum Rchb.f. S Callista carinifera (Rchb.f.) Kuntze T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium chrysanthum Wall. App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista chrysantha (Lindl.) Kuntze, Dendrobium paxtonii Lindl. T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium chryseum Rolfe App II / Ann B / #7 S Aporum rivesii (Gagnep.) Rauschert, Callista aurantiaca (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Callista clavata (Lindl.) Kuntze, Dendrobium aurantiacum Rchb.f., Dendrobium denneanum Kerr T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista chrysotaxa (Lindl.) Kuntze, Callista chrysotoxum var. delacourii Gagnep., Callista suavissima (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl. var. suavissimum (Rchb.f.) Veitch, Dendrobium suavissimum Rchb.f. T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium crepidatum Lindl. ex Paxt. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista crepidata (Lindl. & Paxton) Kuntze, Callista lawana (Lindl.) Kuntze, Dendrobium crepidatum Lindl. ex Paxt. var. avista Gammie, Dendrobium lawanum Lindl., Dendrobium roseum Dalzell T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium crumenatum Sw. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista crumenata (Sw.) Kuntze, Dendrobium ceraia Lindl., Dendrobium schmidtianum Kraenzl., Dendrobium simplicissimum (Lour.) Kraenzl., Onychium crumenatum (Sw.) Blume T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium densiflorum Wall. ex Lindl. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista densiflora (Lindl.) Kuntze, Dendrobium clavatum Roxb., Dendrobium griffithianum Lindl. var. guibertii (Carriere) Veitch, Dendrobium guibertii Carriere T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium devonianum Paxton App II / Ann B / #7 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 13 S Callista devoniana (Paxton) Kuntze, Dendrobium pictum Griff. ex Lindl., Dendrobium pulchellum Roxb. ex Lindl. var. devonianum (Paxton) Rchb.f. T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium discolor Lindl. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista undulata (R.Br.) Kuntze, Dendrobium arachnanthe Kraenzl., Dendrobium elobatum Rupp, Dendrobium undulatum R.Br. T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium falconeri Hook. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista falconeri (Hook.) Kuntze, Dendrobium erythroglossum Hayata T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista oculata (Hook.) Kuntze, Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook. var. oculatum Hook., Dendrobium hawkesii Heller, Dendrobium paxtonii Paxton, Dendrobium vagans Gagnep. T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium gibsonii Lindl. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista gibsonii (Lindl.) Kuntze, Dendrobium fimbriatum Lindl. var. gibsonii (Lindl.) Finet, Dendrobium fuscatum Lindl. T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium gratiosissimum Rchb.f. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista boxallii (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Callista gratiosissima (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Dendrobium boxallii Rchb.f., Dendrobium bullerianum Bateman T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium hainanense Rolfe App II / Ann B / #1 Dendrobium hancockii Rolfe App II / Ann B / #7 T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium henryi Schltr. T App II / Ann B / #7 see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium hercoglossum Rchb.f. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista annamensis Kraenzl., Callista hercoglossa (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Callista vexans (Dammer) Kraenzl., Dendrobium poilanei Guill., Dendrobium vexans Dammer T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium hookerianum Lindl. S Callista hookeriana (Lindl.) Kuntze T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium huoshanense C.Z.Tang & S.J.Cheng T App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium jenkinsii Wall. ex Lindl. App II / Ann B / #7 S Dendrobium aggregatum Roxb. var. jenkinsii (Wall. ex. Lindl.) King & Pantl., Dendrobium marseilleii Gagnep. T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium linawianum Rchb.f. S Callista linawiana (Rchb.f.) Kuntze T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium lituiflorum Lindl. App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista lituiflora (Lindl.) Kuntze, Dendrobium hanburyanum Rchb.f., Dendrobium lituiflora (Lindl.) Kuntze T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium loddigesii Rolfe S Callista loddigesii (Rolfe) Kuntze T see Dendrobium spp. App II / Ann B / #7 14 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Dendrobium lohoense T.Tang & F.T.Wang T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium macraei Lindl. T App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium moniliforme (L.) Sw. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista japonica (Blume) Kuntze, Callista moniliformis Rolfe, Dendrobium catenatum Lindl., Dendrobium japonicum Lindl., Epidendrum moniliforme L. T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium monticola P.F.Hunt & Summerhayes App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista alpestris (Royle) Kuntze, Dendrobium alpestre Royle, Dendrobium pusillum D.Don, Dendrobium roylei Hawkes & Heller, Dendrobium roylei Hiroe T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium moschatum (Buch.-Ham.) Sw. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista moschata (Buch.-Ham.) Kuntze, Cymbidium moschatum (Buch.-Ham.) Willd., Dendrobium calceolaria Carey ex Hook., Dendrobium cupreum Herbert, Epidendrum moschatum Buch.-Ham. T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium nobile Lindl. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista nobilis (Lindl.) Kuntze, Dendrobium chlorostylum Gagnep., Dendrobium coerulescens Wall., Dendrobium formosanum (Rchb.f.) Masamune, Dendrobium lindleyanum Griff. T Caulis Dendrobii (pha), Dendrobii caulis (pha), Dendrobii herba (pha), Dendrobium stem (eng), Dendrobium-Kraut (ger), Herba Dendrobii (pha), Sekkoku (jap), Shi hu (chi), Shih-hu (chi), Sokkok (kor), Xiashuangcao (chi) Dendrobium ovatum (Willd.) Kraenzl. App II / Ann B / #1 Dendrobium pachyphyllum (Kuntze) Bakh.f. App II / Ann B / #7 T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium parishii Rchb.f. S Callista parishii (Rchb.f.) Kuntze T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium planibulbe Lindl. App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 S Aporum planibulbe (Lindl.) Rauschert, Callista tuberifera (Hook.f.) Kuntze, Dendrobium tuberiferum Hook.f. T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium plicatile Lindl. T App II / Ann B / #7 see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium primulinum Lindl. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista primulina (Lindl.) Kuntze, Dendrobium nobile Lindl. var. pallidiflora Hook. T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium pulchellum Roxb. ex Lindl. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista pulchella (Roxb. ex Lindl.) Kuntze, Dendrobium dalhousieanum Wall. T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium purpureum Roxb. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista purpurea (Roxb.) Kuntze, Dendrobium praeustum Kraenzl., Dendrobium viridiroseum Rchb.f., Pedilonum purpureum (Roxb.) Brieger, Pedilonum reinwardtii (Lindl.) Rauschert T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium reptans Franch. & Sav. T App II / Ann B / #7 see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium spp. (Stev.) Asch. & Graebn. App II / Ann B / #7 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 T Caulis Dendrobii (pha), Dendrobii caulis (pha), Dendrobii herba (pha), Dendrobium stem (eng), Dendrobium-Kraut (ger), Herba Dendrobii (pha), Huoshan Shihu (chi), Sekkoku (jap), Shi hu (chi), Shih-hu (chi), Shihu (chi), Shihu Cao (chi), Sokkok (kor) Dendrobium strongylanthum Rchb.f. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista strongylantha (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Dendrobium ctenoglossum Schltr. T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium subulatum Lindl. T 15 App II / Ann B / #7 see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium teretifolium R.Br. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista teretifolia (R.Br.) Kuntze, Dockrillia teretifolia (R.Br.) Brieger T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium terminale Parish & Rchb.f. App II / Ann B / #7 S Aporum verlaquii (Constantin) Rauschert, Callista terminalis (Parish & Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Dendrobium leonis (Lindl.) Rchb.f. var. strictum Finet, Dendrobium verlaquii Constantin T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium tokai Rchb.f. T App II / Ann B / #7 see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium tosaense Makino App II / Ann B / #7 S Dendrobium pere-fauriei Hayata, Dendrobium tosaense Makino var. pere-fauriei (Hayata) Masam. T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium trigonopus Rchb.f. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista trigonopus (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Dendrobium velutinum Rolfe T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium williamsonii Day & Rchb.f. App II / Ann B / #7 S Callista lubbersiana (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Callista williamsonii (Day & Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Dendrobium lubbersianum Rchb.f. T see Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium wilsonii Rolfe T App II / Ann B / #7 see Dendrobium spp. Diaphananthe millarii (Bolus) H.P. Linder App II / Ann B / #7 Diaphananthe xanthopollinia (Rchb.f.) Summerhayes App II / Ann B / #7 S Aeranthus xanthopollinius Rchb.f. Dionaea muscipula Ellis App II / Ann B / #1 Dioscorea deltoidea Wall. ex Kunth App II / Ann B / #1 S Dioscorea nepalensis Sweet ex Bernardi T Dioscoreae deltoideae radix (pha), Dioscoreae deltoideae rhizoma (pha), Kildri (kas), Kins (kas), Kithi (kas), Kitra (pun), Kniss (pun), Krish (kas), Kriss (pun), Medicinal Yam (eng), San-jiao-ye-shu-yu (chi), Singlimingli (hin), Tar (pun) Disa aconitoides Sond. App II / Ann B / #7 Epipactis yunnanensis Schltr. App II / Ann B / #1 Eulophia clitellifera (Rchb.f.) Bolus App II / Ann B / #7 S Lissochilus clitellifer Rchb.f. Eulophia cucullata (Afzel. ex Sw.) Steud. S Limodorum cucullatum Afzel. ex Sw. Eulophia parviflora (Lindl.) A.V.Hall S App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 Lissochilus parviflorus Lindl., Eulophia streptopetala Lindl. 16 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Eulophia petersii Rchb.f. App II / Ann B / #7 Eulophia speciosa (R.Br. ex Lindl.) Bolus App II / Ann B / #1 Eulophia streptopetala Lindl. App II / Ann B / #7 Euphorbia bupleurifolia Jacq. App II / Ann B / #1 S Euphorbia proteifolia Boiss., Tithymalus bupleurifolius (Jacq.) Haw. Euphorbia clavarioides Boiss. App II / Ann B / #1 Euphorbia cooperi N.E.Br. ex A.Berger App II / Ann B / #1 Euphorbia grandidens Haw. App II / Ann B / #1 Euphorbia ingens E.Mey. ex Boiss. App II / Ann B / #1 S Euphorbia ambacensis N.E.Br., Euphorbia natalensis A.Berger, Euphorbia similis A.Berger, Euphorbia tenebrosa N.E.Br. Euphorbia pulvinata Marloth App II / Ann B / #1 Euphorbia resinifera Berg App II / Ann B / #1 Euphorbia woodii N.E.Br. App II / Ann B / #1 S Euphorbia discreta N.E.Br., Euphorbia passa N.E.Br. Flickingeria bifida (Ridley) A.D.Hawkes S Ephemerantha bifida (Ridley) P.F.Hunt & Summerhayes Flickingeria comata (Blume) A.D.Hawkes S App II / Ann B / #1 Ephemerantha comata (Blume) P.F.Hunt & Summerhayes Flickingeria fimbriata (Blume) A.D.Hawkes S App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 Ephemerantha fimbriata (Blume) P.F.Hunt & Summerhayes Flickingeria lonchophylla (Hook.f.) A.D.Hawkes App II / Ann B / #7 S Dendrobium lonchophyllum Hook.f., Ephemerantha lonchophylla (Hook.f.) P.F.Hunt & Summerhayes T Shi hu (chi), Shihu Cao (chi) Galanthus nivalis L. App II / Ann B / #1 S Galanthus plicatus Hohen. T Bucaneve (ita), Bulb of Snowdrop (eng), Common Snowdrop (eng), Flor de nieve (spa), Foraneve (ita), Galanthi bulbus (pha), Galantine (fre), Galantine d'hiver (fre), Hóvirág (hun), Lukowiza podsneshnika (rus), Niveole (fre), Perce-neige (fre), Schneeglöckchenzwiebel (ger), Snowdrop (eng) Galanthus woronowii Losinsk. App II / Ann B / #1 S Galanthus ikariae Baker T Caucasian Snowdrop (eng), Galanthi bulbus (pha), Kaukasisches Schneeglöckchen (ger), Perce-neige de Voronow (fre), Podsneshnik Woronowa (rus), Voronow's Snowdrop (eng), Woronows Schneeglöckchen (ger) Gastrodia elata Blume T App II / Ann B / #7 Ch'onma (kor), Chi Jian (chi), Gastrodia rhizome (eng), Gastrodiae rhizoma (pha), Gastrodien-Wurzelstock (ger), Ming Tian Ma (chi), Rhizoma Gastrodiae elatae (pha), Tenma (jap), Tian ma (chi), Tianma (chi), Tien-ma (chi) Gentiana lutea L. Ann D / §3 S Asterias lutea Borkh., Swertia lutea Vest T Bitter Wort (eng), Bitterwurzel (ger), Common Gentian (eng), Enzianwurzel (ger), Fieberwurzel (ger), Gelber Enzian (ger), Genciana junciana (spa), Gentian root (eng), Gentianae radix (pha), Gentiane jaune (fre), Genziana maggiore (ita), Grande gentiane (fre), Great Yellow Gentian (eng), Hochwurzel (ger), Horcovy koren (cze), Horec zluty (cze), Racine de gentian (fre), Radice di Genziana (ita), Radix Gentianae (pha), Radix Gentianae (pha), Raiz de genciana (spa), Sari centiyan (tur), Tarnicsgyökér (hun), Yellow Gentian root (eng), Yellow Gentian (eng) Gnetum montanum Markgraf T App III / Ann C / #1 Lolori (ori), Mameilet (ass), Mrgalindika (san), Mrigalindika (san), Umbli (mum) Goodyera procera Hook. App II / Ann B / #1 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Goodyera schlechtendaliana Rchb.f. App II / Ann B / #1 Guaiacum officinale L. App II / Ann B / #1 T 17 Bois de gaïac (fre), Brazil wood (eng), Franzosenholz (ger), Gaïac (fre), Gayac (fre), Guaiaci lignum (pha), Guaiaci resina (pha), Guaiaco (ita), Guaiacum (eng), Guaiacum resin (eng), Guaiacum wood (eng), Guajacum (ger), Guajacum (spa), Guajakharz (ger), Guajakholz (ger), Guayacan (spa), Gum Guaiacum (eng), Gummi Guajaci (pha), Heiligenholz (ger), Lenha di guaiaco (por), Leño de guayaco (spa), Lignum Guaiaci (pha), Lignum vitae (pha), Palosanto (spa), Pockholz (ger), Pockwood (eng), Resin de Gaïac (fre), Resina Guajaci (pha), Resina de Guayaco (fre), Resina de lenha santo (ger), Resina di Guaiaco (ger), Schlangenholz (ger) Guaiacum sanctum L. App II / Ann B / #1 S Guaiacum guatemalense Planch. ex Hemsl., Guaiacum verticale Ortega T Bois de gaïac (fre), Brazil wood (eng), Franzosenholz (ger), Gaïac (fre), Gayac (fre), Guaiaci lignum (pha), Guaiaci resina (pha), Guaiaco (ita), Guaiacum (eng), Guaiacum resin (eng), Guaiacum wood (eng), Guajacum (ger), Guajacum (spa), Guajakharz (ger), Guajakholz (ger), Guajakholzbaum (ger), Guayacan (spa), Gum Guaiacum (eng), Gummi Guajaci (pha), Heiligenholz (ger), Lenha di guaiaco (por), Leño de guayaco (spa), Lignum Guaiaci (pha), Lignum vitae (pha), Palosanto (spa), Pockholz (ger), Pockwood (eng), Resin de Gaïac (fre), Resina Guajaci (pha), Resina de Guayaco (fre), Resina de lenha santo (ger), Resina di Guaiaco (ger), Schlangenholz (ger) Gymnadenia conopsea R.Br. App II / Ann B / #1 Gymnadenia orchidis Lindl. App II / Ann B / #7 Harrisia pomanensis (F.A.Weber) Britton & Rose App II / Ann B / #4 Himantoglossum affine (Boiss.) Schltr. App II / Ann B / #7 T Salep (pha) Himantoglossum caprinum (M.Bieb.) Spreng. T Salep (pha) Hydrastis canadensis L. T App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #3 Eye-balm (eng), Eye-root (eng), Golden-Root (eng), Goldenseal root (eng), Goldsiegelwurzel (ger), Ground Raspberry (eng), Hydraste (fre), Hydrastis Kanadsky (rus), Hydrastis rhizoma (pha), Hydrastis root (eng), Hydrastisrhizom (ger), Idraste (ita), Indian Dye (eng), Indian Paint (eng), Indian Turmeric (eng), Jaundiceroot (eng), Kanadische Gelbwurzel (ger), Kanadische Orangenwurzel (ger), Ohio Curcuma (eng), Orange-Root (eng), Orangenwurzel (ger), Radix Hydrastis (pha), Raiz de hidrastis (spa), Rhizoma Hydrastis canadensis (pha), Rhizoma d'idraste (ita), Rhizome d'hydrastis (fre), Sceau d'Or (fre), Sello dorado (spa), Sigillo aureo (ita), Turmeric-Root (eng), Wild Curcuma (eng), Wild Turmeric (eng), Yellow Indian Paint (eng), Yellow Paint (eng), Yellow Puccoon (eng), Yellow Root (eng), Yelloweye (eng) Liparis remota J.Stewart & E.A.Schelpe App II / Ann B / #7 Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Coult. App II / Ann B / #4 S Anhalonium lewinii Henn., Anhalonium williamsii (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Lem., Echinocactus lewinii (Henn.) Schum., Lophophora echinata Croizat, Lophophora lutea Backeberg T Devil's root (eng), Diabolic root (eng), Hikúli (mex), Hikúri (mex), Lophophora-williamsii-Spross (ger), Lophophora-williamsii-Kopf (ger), Lophophora-williamsii-Krone (ger), Mescal (eng), Mescal buttons (eng), Mexican Peyote (eng), Peyote (eng), Peyote buttons (eng), Peyote-Kaktus (ger), Peyote-Kopf (ger), Peyotl (eng), Peyotl-Kaktus (ger), Raiz diabolica (spa), Tuna de tierra (spa) Lycopodium clavatum L. T Azufre vegetal (spa), Bärlappkraut (ger), Bärlappsporen (ger), Clobmoss spores (eng), Common Clubmoss herb (eng), Earthmoss seeds (eng), Herba Lycopodii (pha), Herba Musci clavati (pha), Herbe de Lycopode (fre), Kibrit otu (tur), Korpafû (hun), Lycopode (fre), Lycopodii herba (pha), Lycopodium (pha), Plavun vidlacka (cze), Plavunove vytrusy (cze), Schlangenmoos (ger), Semen Lycopodii (pha), Shi song (chi), Shi song fen (chi), Spora Lycopodium verum (pha), Witch meal (eng) Malaxis acuminata D.Don T App II / Ann B / #7 Jivaka (san), Jivakah (san) Menyanthes trifoliata L. T Ann D / §3 Ann D / §3 Bitterkleeblätter (ger), Bogbean leaf (eng), Buckbean leaf (eng), Feuilles de Menyanthe (fre), Fieberkleeblätter (ger), Foglia di trifoglio fibrino (ita), Folia Trifolii fibrini (pha), Folia Trifolii aquatici (pha), Folium Menyanthes (pha), Hojas de trebol de agua (spa), March trefoil leaf (eng), Menyanthidis folium (pha), Raate (fin), Trebol de agua (spa), Trifolii fibrini folium (pha), Vachta trojlista (cze), Vidrafûlevél (hun) Microcoelia exilis Lindl. App II / Ann B / #7 18 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Myrtillocactus geometrizans (Mart.) Console S Cereus geometrizans Mart. T Myrtillocactus (ger) App II / Ann B / #4 Mystacidium capense (L.f.) Schltr. App II / Ann B / #7 Mystacidium millari Bolus App II / Ann B / #7 Mystacidium venosum Harv. ex Rolfe App II / Ann B / #7 Nardostachys grandiflora DC. App II / Ann B / #3 S Fedia grandiflora Wall., Nardostachys chinensis Batalin, Nardostachys gracilis Kitamura, Nardostachys jatamansi (D.Don) DC., Patrinia jatamansis D.Don T Balacharea (mum), Balchad (hin), Balchir (hin), Bhutijatt (kas), Butijatt (kas), Espica-nardo (spa), Gan song (chi), Gansong (chi), Haswa (nep), Indian Nard (eng), Indian Spikenard (eng), Indische Narde (ger), Jataamaansee (san), Jataamaansi (kan), Jatamamshi (tel), Jatamamshi (kan), Jatamamshi (mal), Jatamamsi (san), Jatamangsi (nep), Jatamansi (pha), Jatamansi (ben), Jatamansi (hin), Jatamansi (san), Jatamansi (tel), Jatamansi (bhu), Jatamansi root (eng), Jatamashi (hin), Jatamashi (tam), Jatamasi (guj), Jatamavshi (mar), Jetamansi (mal), Kalichhad (guj), Kan Sung (chi), Kukilipot (kas), Mamsi (san), Mashi (gar), Masi (gar), Musk-root (eng), Nard (eng), Nard indien (fre), Nardenähre (ger), Nardenwurzel (ger), Nardo indico (spa), Nardostachys jatamansi radix (pha), Nardostachys jatamansi rhizoma (pha), Nardostachys rhizome (eng), Nardostachys-jatamansi-Rhizom (ger), Naswa (nep), Nihanu (hin), Pampe (bhu), Radix Nardostachyos (pha), Radix Nardostachys (pha), Rhizoma Nardostachyos (pha), Sambul (ara), Spang-spos (tib), Spicanard (fre), Spike (eng), Spikenard (eng) Neotinea maculata (Desf.) Stearn T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Nepenthes distillatoria L. App II / Ann B / #1 Nepenthes khasiana Hook. f. App I / Ann A T Devil's basket (eng), Memang-kaksi (meg), Mimam-kakshi (meg), Pitcher plant (eng), Tiew rakot (meg), Tymmoh-phare (meg) Ophrys bombyliflora Link T Hierba mosca (spa), Salep (pha) Ophrys ferrum-equinum Desf. T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Ophrys fusca Link T App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Ophrys holoserica (Burm.f.) Greuter App II / Ann B / #7 S Ophrys fuciflora (Crantz) Moench, Orchis fuciflora Crantz T Salep (pha) Ophrys lutea Cav. T Flor abeja (spa), Salep (pha) Ophrys mammosa Desf. T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Ophrys scolopax Cav. T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Ophrys reinholdii Fleischm. T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Ophrys phrygia Fleischm. & Bornm. T App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 Abejera (spa), Salep (pha) Ophrys sicula Tineo App II / Ann B / #7 S Ophrys lutea Cav. subsp. galilaea (H. Fleischm. & Bornm.) Paulus & Gack T Salep (pha) Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Ophrys speculum Link T Espejo de Venus (spa), Salep (pha) Ophrys tenthredinifera Willd. T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Ophrys umbilicata Desf. T App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. App II / Ann B / #4 Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf. App II / Ann B / #4 Opuntia monacantha Haw. App II / Ann B / #4 Orchis anatolica Boiss. App II / Ann B / #7 T Salep (pha) Orchis coriophora L. T Salep (pha) Orchis italica Poiret T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Orchis mascula (L.) L. T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Orchis laxiflora Lam. T App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 Orquidea silvestre (spa), Salep (pha), Satirion (spa), Testiculo de Perro (spa) Orchis militaris Sm. App II / Ann B / #1 Orchis morio L. App II / Ann B / #7 T Orquidea silvestre (spa), Salep (pha), Satirion (spa), Testiculo de Perro (spa) Orchis pallens L. T Salep (pha) Orchis palustris Jacq. T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Orchis tridentata Scop. T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Orchis spitzelii Sauter ex W.D.J.Koch T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Orchis simia Lam. T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Orchis sancta L. T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Orchis purpurea Hudson T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Orchis provincialis Balbis ex Lam. & D.C. T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Orchis pinetorum Boiss. & Kotschy T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Orchis papilionacea L. T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) App II / Ann B / #7 19 20 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Panax quinquefolius L. App II / Ann B / #3 S Aralia canadensis Tourn., Aralia quinquefolia Decne. & Planch., Aureliana canadensis Lafit., Ginseng quinquefolium Wood., Panax americanum Raf. T American Ginseng root (eng), Amerikanische Ginsengwurzel (ger), Amerikanischer Ginseng (ger), Canadian Ginseng (eng), Dwarf-Groundroot (eng), Five-Fingers (eng), Ginseng (eng), Ginseng (fre), Ginseng à cinq folioles (fre), Ginseng d'Amérique (fre), Ginsengwurzel (ger), Ginzenggyökér (hun), Guang Dong Ren Shen (chi), Hua Qi Shen (chi), Man's Health (eng), Mei guo ren sen (chi), Occidental Ginseng (eng), Panacis quinquefolii radix (pha), Panax-quinquefolius-Wurzel (ger), Red Berry (eng), Sang (eng), Seiyojin (jap), Soyangsam (kor), Tartar Root (eng), Xi yang shen (chi), Yang shen (chi) Pholidota cantonensis Rolfe App II / Ann B / #1 Pholidota chinensis Lindl. App II / Ann B / #1 Pholidota yunnanensis App II / Ann B / #1 Picrorhiza kurrooa Royle ex Benth. App II / Ann B / #3 S Picrorhiza lindleyana (Wall.) Wettst. T Hong-len (tib), Hu huang lian (chi), Indian Gentian (eng), Kadu (guj), Kadugurohini (mal), Kadugurohini (tam), Kadugurohini (tel), Karru (kum), Karru (pun), Katki (ben), Katki (hin), Katuka (san), Katukarogani (mal), Katukarogani (tel), Katukarogani (tam), Katurohini (san), Kaur (kum), Kharbague-hindi (ara), Kharbague-hindi (per), Kooren (jap), Kour (kas), Ku luo hu huang lian (chi), Kuru (ben), Kuru (hin), Kuruwa (nep), Kutaki (mum), Kutaki (mar), Kutki (hin), Kutki (ben), Picrorhiza rhizome (eng), Picrorhizae rhizoma (pha), Rhizoma Picrorhizae (pha) Platanthera bifolia (L.) Rich. T Salep (pha) Platanthera chlorantha (Custer) Rchb. T App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Pleione bulbocodioides (Franch.) Rolfe App II / Ann B / #1 Pleione yunnanensis Rolfe App II / Ann B / #1 Podocarpus neriifolia D.Don App III / Ann C / #1 T Dieng-sia-blei (kha), Halis (hin), Jinart (cac), Kat-bhaluk (ass), Kherewal-tak (lus), Thitmin (and), Thlang-phar (lus), Welimada (and) Podophyllum hexandrum Royle App II / Ann B / #2 S Podophyllum emodi Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thoms., Podophyllum emodi Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thoms. var. hexandrum Royle, Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Wall. ex Royle) T.S.Ying T Bakrachimaka (hin), Banbaigan (hin), Bankakri (pun), Banwangan (kas), Bhavanbakra (hin), Bhavanbal (hin), Gulkakri (pun), Himalayan Mayapple (eng), Indian Podophyllum (eng), Indische Podophyllwurzel (ger), Laghupattra (san), Ol-mo-se (tib), Padwal (mar), Padwel (mar), Papra (hin), Papra (ben), Papri (hin), Papri (pun), Patvel (mar), Patwel (mar), Podophylli emodi rhizoma (pha), Podophylli emodi radix (pha), Podophylli indici rhizoma (pha), Podophylli resina (pha), Podophyllin (pha), Podophyllum indicum (pha), Podophyllum resin (eng), Podophyllumharz (ger), Radix Podophylli emodi (pha), Resine de Podophylle (fre), Resins Podophylli (pha), Rhizoma Podophylli emodi (pha), Tao er qi (chi), Taoerqi (chi), Vakasa (hin), Vakra (san), Vanatrapusi (san), Vanavrntaka (san), Veni-vel (guj), Venivel (guj), Xiaoyelian (chi) Polystachya concreta (Jacq.) Garay & H.R.Sweet S App II / Ann B / #7 Epidendrum concretum Jacq. Polystachya ottoniana (Lindl.) Rchb.f. App II / Ann B / #7 Polystachya pubescens (Lindl.) Rchb.f. App II / Ann B / #7 Polystachya sandersonii Harv. App II / Ann B / #7 Prunus africana (Hook.f.) Kalkman App II / Ann B / #1 S Pygeum africanum Hook.f. T Afrikanische Stinkholz-Rinde (ger), Alumty (bam), Cortex Pygei africani (pha), Iluo (kom), Kiburabura (kis), Kirah (ban), Kotofihy (mad), Mueri (kik), Muiri (kik), Omumba (ruk), Pigeum (spa), Pygei africani cortex (pha), Pygeum (pha), Pygeum extract (Pygenil) (eng), Red Stinkwood (eng), Vla (oku), Wotangue (bak) Pterocarpus santalinus L.f. App II / Ann B / #6 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 T Agaru (kan), Agarugandhamu (tel), Atti (tam), Bois de Santal rouge (fre), Chandana (mar), Honne (kan), Kempugandha Chekke (kan), Lalchandan (hin), Lalchandan (ben), Leño de Sandalo rojo (spa), Lignum Santali rubrum (pha), Lignum Santalinum rubrum (pha), Patrangam (mal), Pterocarpi lignum (pha), Rakta Chandan (hin), Rakta Chandan (ben), Rakta Gandhamu (tel), Raktacandana (san), Raktacandanah (san), Raktacandanam (san), Raktachandan (ori), Raktachandana (san), Ratanjali (guj), Red Sandalwood (eng), Red Sanders (eng), Rotes Sandelholz (ger), Rotsandelholz (ger), Sanalho vermelho (por), Santali lignum rubri (pha), Sivappu Chandanam (tam), Tambada (mar), Tilaparnni (mal), Yerra Chandanamu (tel), Zitan (chi) Rangaeris muscicola (Rchb.f.) Summerhayes S 21 App II / Ann B / #7 Aeranthus muscicola Rchb.f. Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz App II / Ann B / #2 S Ophioxylon salutiferum Salisb., Ophioxylon obversum Miq., Ophioxylon serpentinum L., Rauvolfia obversa (Miq.) Baill., Rauvolfia trifoliata (Gaertn.) Baill. T Araba (mun), Arachontita (ass), Arbre aux serpents (fre), Asrel (urd), Chandra (hin), Chandra (ben), Chandra (mum), Chandrabhaga (hin), Chandrabhoya (hin), Chhota Chand (hin), Chivan Amelpodi (tam), Chivanamelpodi (tam), Chota-chand (hin), Chovannamilpori (tam), Chuvannavilpori (mal), Chuvannavilpuri (mal), Darujikipota (mun), Harkaya (mar), Harki (mar), Huring (mun), Indische Schlangenwurzel (ger), Jowansu (mik), Lotu-chand (hin), Makalmaran (del), Paataala Garuda (tel), Paataalagani (tel), Patala-agandhi (tel), Patalagandhi (kan), Patalgarur (ori), Racine de serpentine (fre), Radix Rauwolfiae (pha), Rauwolfia (fre), Rauwolfia root (eng), Rauwolfiae radix (pha), Rauwolfiawurzel (ger), Sanochado (ori), Sarpaganda (fre), Sarpagandha (san), Sarpagandhi (kan), Sarpaganthi (tam), Sarpaghanda (san), Schlangenholz (ger), Segno serpentino (ita), Serpentine root (eng), Serpentine wood (eng), Shegenmu (chi), Shivanabhiballi (kan), Simjenga (mun), Snakewood (eng), Supurolid (mun), Sutranavi (kan), Suvapavalporiyan (mal), Todong-pait-parao (kha) Rhipsalis baccifera (Mill.) Stearn App II / Ann B / #4 Sarracenia flava L. App II / Ann B / #1 T Yellow pitcher plant (eng) Sarracenia purpurea L. T App II / Ann B / #1 Adams Pitcher (eng), Adams-Cup (eng), Cobra lilly (eng), Northern Pitcher Plant (eng), Pitcher plant (eng), Purple Pitcher (eng) Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipschitz App I / Ann A S Aplotaxis lappa Decne., Aucklandia costus Falc., Aucklandia lappa Decne., Saussurea lappa (Decne.) C.B.Clarke, Theodorea costus (Falc.) Kuntze T Aucklandia (eng), Aucklandiae radix (pha), Changala (tel), Chob-i-qut (kas), Chuan Mu Xiang (chi), Costus root (eng), Costuswurzel (ger), Goshtam (tam), Guang Mu Xiang (chi), Guangmuxiang (chi), Himalayaschartenwurzel (ger), Indische Kostuswurzel (ger), Koshta (kan), Koshtae (kan), Kostum (tam), Kostuspflanze (ger), Kur (hin), Kur (ben), Kur (guj), Kushta (san), Kushta (mar), Kushtha (san), Kust (ara), Kust (per), Kustam (tel), Kustha (san), Kusthah (san), Kut(h) (hin), Kuth (ben), Kuth (guj), Kuth (kas), Kuth (pun), Lao Mu Xiang (chi), Mokhyang (kor), Mokko (jap), Mook heong (mal), Mu Hsiang (mal), Mu xiang (chi), Muxiang (chi), Ouplate (mum), Pachak (ben), Pachak (hin), Post-khai (kas), Putchuk (tam), Radix Aucklandiae lappae (pha), Radix Costus (pha), Radix Saussureae (pha), Ru-rta (tib), Saussurea root (eng), Saussurea-costus-Wurzel (ger), Saussureae radix (pha), Sepuddy (mal), Upaleta (guj), Yunmuxiang (chi) Schlumbergera truncata App II / Ann B / #1 Selenicereus grandiflorus Britton & Rose App II / Ann B / #4 S Cactus grandiflorus L., Cactus speciosus Weing., Cereus grandiflorus (L.) Mill., Cereus scandens Mill. T Cacti grandiflori flos (pha), Cacto grandifloro (ita), Cactus grandiflorus (eng), Ciège à grandes fleurs (fre), Flores Cacti grandiflori (pha), Kaktusblüten (ger), Königin-der-Nacht-Blüten (ger), Large Blooming Cereus (eng), Night Blooming Cereus (eng), Reina de la noche (spa), Schlangencereus (ger), Schlangenkaktus (ger), Selenicerei grandiflori flos (pha), Selenicerus-grandiflorus-Blüten (ger), Vierge à grandes fleurs (fre), Cacti flos (pha) Serapias vomeracea (Burm.f.) Briq. T App II / Ann B / #7 Salep (pha) Spiranthes sinensis Ames App II / Ann B / #1 Stangeria eriopus (Kunze) Nash App I / Ann A S Stangeria paradoxa T. Moore Sternbergia lutea Ker-Gawl. ex Schult.f. App II / Ann B / #1 Tangtsinia nanchuanica S.C.Chen App II / Ann B / #1 22 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Taxus wallichiana Zucc. App II / Ann B / #8 S Taxus baccata L. subsp. wallichiana (Zucc.) Pilger T Barmi (hin), Folia Taxi (pha), Hong dou shan (chi), Talispatr (hin), Taxi folium (pha), Taxus-wallichiana-Blätter (ger), Thuno (hin), Zi shan cun (chi) Thunia alba Rchb.f. App II / Ann B / #1 Traunsteinera globosa (L.) Rchb.f. App II / Ann B / #1 Tridactyle bicaudata (Lindl.) Schltr. App II / Ann B / #7 Tridactyle tridentata (Harv.) Schltr. App II / Ann B / #7 Vanilla planifolia Andr. App II / Ann B / #7 T Vainilla (spa), Vanillae fructus (pha) Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 23 4. List of species (arranged alphabetically by family) Taxa in significant trade are printed in bold and preceeded by ‘*’. Species with documented international trade are printed in bold. Aloeaceae Aloe arborescens Aloe aristata Aloe asperifolia Aloe chabaudii Aloe cooperi * Aloe ferox Aloe hereroensis Aloe linearifolia Aloe marlothii Aloe micracantha Aloe perryi Aloe secundiflora Aloe turkanensis App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 Amaryllidaceae Galanthus nivalis Galanthus woronowii Sternbergia lutea App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 Apocynaceae Rauvolfia serpentina App II / Ann B / #2 Araliaceae * Panax quinquefolius App II / Ann B / #3 Asclepiadaceae Ceropegia woodii App II / Ann B / #1 Berberidaceae Podophyllum hexandrum App II / Ann B / #2 Cactaceae Cereus hildmannianus Harrisia pomanensis Lophophora williamsii Myrtillocactus geometrizans Opuntia ficus-indica Opuntia humifusa Opuntia monacantha Rhipsalis baccifera Schlumbergera truncata Selenicereus grandiflorus App II / Ann B / #4 App II / Ann B / #4 App II / Ann B / #4 App II / Ann B / #4 App II / Ann B / #4 App II / Ann B / #4 App II / Ann B / #4 App II / Ann B / #4 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #4 Compositae * Arnica montana * Saussurea costus Ann D / §3 App I / Ann A 24 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Cyathaeaceae Cyathaea dregei App II / Ann B / #1 Cycadaceae Cycas circinalis App II / Ann B / #1 Dicksoniaceae * Cibotium barometz App II / Ann B / #1 Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea deltoidea App II / Ann B / #1 Droseraceae Dionaea muscipula App II / Ann B / #1 Ericaceae * Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Ann D / §3 Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia bupleurifolia Euphorbia clavarioides Euphorbia cooperi Euphorbia grandidens Euphorbia ingens Euphorbia pulvinata Euphorbia resinifera Euphorbia woodii App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 Gentianaceae * Gentiana lutea Ann D / §3 Gnetaceae Gnetum montanum App III / Ann C / #1 Leguminosae * Pterocarpus santalinus App II / Ann B / #6 Lycopodiaceae * Lycopodium clavatum Ann D / §3 Menyanthaceae * Menyanthes trifoliata Ann D / §3 Nepenthaceae Nepenthes distillatoria Nepenthes khasiana App II / Ann B / #1 App I / Ann A Orchidaceae Acampe praemorsa Aceras anthropophorum Acrolophia cochlearis Aerangis mystacidii Amitostigma gracile Anacamptis pyramidalis App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #7 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Anoectochilus formosanus Anoectochilus roxburghii Ansellia africana Ansellia gigantea Arundina graminifolia Barlia robertiana Bletilla formosana Bletilla ochracea Bletilla striata Bolusiella maudiae Bulbophyllum calodictyon Bulbophyllum inconspicuum Bulbophyllum kwangtungense Bulbophyllum odoratissimum Bulbophyllum radiatum Calanthe davidi Calyptrochilum emarginatum Changnienia amoena Comperia comperiana Cremastra appendiculata Cremastra variabilis Cypripedium flavum Cypripedium franchetii Cypripedium guttatum Cypripedium henryi Cypripedium japonicum Cypripedium macranthon Cypripedium margaritaceum Cypripedium parviflorum Cyrtopodium punctatum Cyrtorchis arcuata Dactylorhiza hatagirea Dactylorhiza iberica Dactylorhiza osmanica Dactylorhiza romana Dendrobium acinaciforme Dendrobium aduncum Dendrobium aphyllum Dendrobium bellatulum Dendrobium bifarium Dendrobium candidum Dendrobium cariniferum Dendrobium chrysanthum Dendrobium chryseum Dendrobium chrysotoxum Dendrobium crepidatum Dendrobium crumenatum Dendrobium densiflorum Dendrobium devonianum Dendrobium discolor Dendrobium falconeri Dendrobium fimbriatum Dendrobium gibsonii Dendrobium gratiosissimum Dendrobium hainanense App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #1 25 26 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Dendrobium hancockii Dendrobium henryi Dendrobium hercoglossum Dendrobium hookerianum Dendrobium huoshanense Dendrobium jenkinsii Dendrobium linawianum Dendrobium lituiflorum Dendrobium loddigesii Dendrobium lohoense Dendrobium macraei Dendrobium moniliforme Dendrobium monticola Dendrobium moschatum * Dendrobium nobile Dendrobium ovatum Dendrobium pachyphyllum Dendrobium parishii Dendrobium planibulbe Dendrobium plicatile Dendrobium primulinum Dendrobium pulchellum Dendrobium purpureum Dendrobium reptans Dendrobium spp. Dendrobium strongylanthum Dendrobium subulatum Dendrobium teretifolium Dendrobium terminale Dendrobium tokai Dendrobium tosaense Dendrobium trigonopus Dendrobium williamsonii Dendrobium wilsonii Diaphananthe millarii Diaphananthe xanthopollinia Disa aconitoides Epipactis yunnanensis Eulophia clitellifera Eulophia cucullata Eulophia parviflora Eulophia petersii Eulophia speciosa Eulophia streptopetala Flickingeria bifida Flickingeria comata Flickingeria fimbriata Flickingeria lonchophylla * Gastrodia elata Goodyera procera Goodyera schlechtendaliana Gymnadenia conopsea Gymnadenia orchidis Himantoglossum affine Himantoglossum caprinum App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Liparis remota Malaxis acuminata Microcoelia exilis Mystacidium capense Mystacidium millari Mystacidium venosum Neotinea maculata Ophrys bombyliflora Ophrys ferrum-equinum Ophrys fusca Ophrys holoserica Ophrys lutea Ophrys mammosa Ophrys phrygia Ophrys reinholdii Ophrys scolopax Ophrys sicula Ophrys speculum Ophrys tenthredinifera Ophrys umbilicata Orchis anatolica Orchis coriophora Orchis italica Orchis laxiflora Orchis mascula Orchis militaris Orchis morio Orchis pallens Orchis palustris Orchis papilionacea Orchis pinetorum Orchis provincialis Orchis purpurea Orchis sancta Orchis simia Orchis spitzelii Orchis tridentata Pholidota cantonensis Pholidota chinensis Pholidota yunnanensis Platanthera bifolia Platanthera chlorantha Pleione bulbocodioides Pleione yunnanensis Polystachya concreta Polystachya ottoniana Polystachya pubescens Polystachya sandersonii Rangaeris muscicola Serapias vomeracea Spiranthes sinensis Tangtsinia nanchuanica Thunia alba Traunsteinera globosa Tridactyle bicaudata App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #7 27 28 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Tridactyle tridentata Vanilla planifolia App II / Ann B / #7 App II / Ann B / #7 Parmeliaceae * Cetraria islandica Ann D / §3 Podocarpaceae Podocarpus neriifolia App III / Ann C / #1 Primulaceae Cyclamen hederifolium Cyclamen purpurascens App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 Ranunculaceae * Adonis vernalis * Hydrastis canadensis Ann D / §3 App II / Ann B / #3 Rosaceae * Prunus africana App II / Ann B / #1 Sarraceniaceae Sarracenia flava Sarracenia purpurea App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 Scrophulariaceae * Picrorhiza kurrooa App II / Ann B / #3 Stangeriaceae Stangeria eriopus App I / Ann A Taxaceae * Taxus wallichiana App II / Ann B / #8 Thymelaeaceae * Aquilaria malaccensis App II / Ann B / #1 Valerianaceae * Nardostachys grandiflora App II / Ann B / #3 Zygophyllaceae Guaiacum officinale Guaiacum sanctum App II / Ann B / #1 App II / Ann B / #1 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 5. Index of synonyms Synonym Accepted scientific name Adonis appennina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adonis davurica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adonis helleborus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adonis ircutiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adonis parviflora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aeranthus muscicola . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aeranthus xanthopollinius . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agallochum malaccense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloe arborea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloe fructicosa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloe horrida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloe perfoliata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloe perfoliata var. arborescens . . . . . . . . . . Aloe pseudoferox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloe socotorina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Anhalonium lewinii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Anhalonium williamsii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aplotaxis lappa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aporum planibulbe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aporum rivesii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aporum verlaquii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aquilaria agallocha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aquilaria secundaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aquilariella malaccense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aralia canadensis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aralia quinquefolia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arbutus uva-ursi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arctostaphylos officinalis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asterias lutea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aucklandia costus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aucklandia lappa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aureliana canadensis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bletia hyacinthina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bletilla hyacinthina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cactus grandiflorus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cactus speciosus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista aduncum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista alpestris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista annamensis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista aphylla . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista aurantiaca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista boxallii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista carinifera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista chrysantha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista chrysotaxa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista chrysotoxum var. delacourii . . . . . . . Callista clavata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista crepidata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista crumenata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista densiflora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista devoniana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adonis vernalis Adonis vernalis Adonis vernalis Adonis vernalis Adonis vernalis Rangaeris muscicola Diaphananthe xanthopollinia Aquilaria malaccensis Aloe arborescens Aloe arborescens Aloe ferox Aloe ferox Aloe arborescens Aloe ferox Aloe ferox Lophophora williamsii Lophophora williamsii Saussurea costus Dendrobium planibulbe Dendrobium chryseum Dendrobium terminale Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis Panax quinquefolius Panax quinquefolius Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Gentiana lutea Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Panax quinquefolius Bletilla striata Bletilla striata Selenicereus grandiflorus Selenicereus grandiflorus Dendrobium aduncum Dendrobium monticola Dendrobium hercoglossum Dendrobium aphyllum Dendrobium chryseum Dendrobium gratiosissimum Dendrobium cariniferum Dendrobium chrysanthum Dendrobium chrysotoxum Dendrobium chrysotoxum Dendrobium chryseum Dendrobium crepidatum Dendrobium crumenatum Dendrobium densiflorum Dendrobium devonianum 29 30 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Callista falconeri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista gibsonii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista gratiosissima . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista hercoglossa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista hookeriana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista japonica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista lawana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista linawiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista lituiflora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista loddigesii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista lubbersiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista moniliformis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista moschata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista nobilis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista oculata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista parishii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista primulina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista pulchella . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista purpurea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista strongylantha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista suavissima . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista teretifolia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista terminalis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista trigonopus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista tuberifera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista undulata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista vexans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Callista williamsonii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Catevala arborescens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cereus geometrizans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cereus grandiflorus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cereus scandens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cymbidium aphyllum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cymbidium moschatum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cypripedium hirsutum var. parviflorum . . . . Cypripedium luteum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens . . . Cypripedium pubescens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium aggregatum var. jenkinsii . . . . . Dendrobium alpestre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium arachnanthe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium aurantiacum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium boxallii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium bullerianum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium calceolaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium catenatum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium ceraia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium chlorostylum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium chrysotoxum var. suavissimum . Dendrobium clavatum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium coerulescens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium crepidatum var. avista . . . . . . . . Dendrobium ctenoglossum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium cucullatum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium cupreum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium falconeri Dendrobium gibsonii Dendrobium gratiosissimum Dendrobium hercoglossum Dendrobium hookerianum Dendrobium moniliforme Dendrobium crepidatum Dendrobium linawianum Dendrobium lituiflorum Dendrobium loddigesii Dendrobium williamsonii Dendrobium moniliforme Dendrobium moschatum Dendrobium nobile Dendrobium fimbriatum Dendrobium parishii Dendrobium primulinum Dendrobium pulchellum Dendrobium purpureum Dendrobium strongylanthum Dendrobium chrysotoxum Dendrobium teretifolium Dendrobium terminale Dendrobium trigonopus Dendrobium planibulbe Dendrobium discolor Dendrobium hercoglossum Dendrobium williamsonii Aloe arborescens Myrtillocactus geometrizans Selenicereus grandiflorus Selenicereus grandiflorus Dendrobium aphyllum Dendrobium moschatum Cypripedium parviflorum Cypripedium parviflorum Cypripedium parviflorum Cypripedium parviflorum Dendrobium jenkinsii Dendrobium monticola Dendrobium discolor Dendrobium chryseum Dendrobium gratiosissimum Dendrobium gratiosissimum Dendrobium moschatum Dendrobium moniliforme Dendrobium crumenatum Dendrobium nobile Dendrobium chrysotoxum Dendrobium densiflorum Dendrobium nobile Dendrobium crepidatum Dendrobium strongylanthum Dendrobium aphyllum Dendrobium moschatum Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Dendrobium dalhousieanum . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium denneanum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium elobatum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium erythroglossum . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium fimbriatum var. oculatum . . . . . Dendrobium fimbriatum var. gibsonii . . . . . . Dendrobium formosanum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium fuscatum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium griffithianum var. guibertii . . . . Dendrobium guibertii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium hanburyanum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium hawkesii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium japonicum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium lawanum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium leonis var. strictum . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium lindleyanum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium lituiflora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium lonchophyllum . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium lubbersianum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium madrasense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium marseilleii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium nobile var. pallidiflora . . . . . . . Dendrobium paxtonii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium paxtonii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium pere-fauriei . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium pictum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium pierardii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium poilanei . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium praeustum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium pulchellum var. devonianum . . Dendrobium pusillum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium roseum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium roylei . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium roylei . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium schmidtianum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium simplicissimum . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium suavissimum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium tosaense var. pere-fauriei . . . . . Dendrobium tuberiferum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium undulatum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium vagans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium velutinum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium verlaquii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium vexans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium viridiroseum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dioscorea nepalensis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dockrillia teretifolia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Doronicum arnica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Doronicum montanum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Echinocactus lewinii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ephemerantha bifida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ephemerantha comata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ephemerantha fimbriata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ephemerantha lonchophylla . . . . . . . . . . . . . Epidendrum concretum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium pulchellum Dendrobium chryseum Dendrobium discolor Dendrobium falconeri Dendrobium fimbriatum Dendrobium gibsonii Dendrobium nobile Dendrobium gibsonii Dendrobium densiflorum Dendrobium densiflorum Dendrobium lituiflorum Dendrobium fimbriatum Dendrobium moniliforme Dendrobium crepidatum Dendrobium terminale Dendrobium nobile Dendrobium lituiflorum Flickingeria lonchophylla Dendrobium williamsonii Dendrobium aphyllum Dendrobium jenkinsii Dendrobium primulinum Dendrobium chrysanthum Dendrobium fimbriatum Dendrobium tosaense Dendrobium devonianum Dendrobium aphyllum Dendrobium hercoglossum Dendrobium purpureum Dendrobium devonianum Dendrobium monticola Dendrobium crepidatum Dendrobium monticola Dendrobium monticola Dendrobium crumenatum Dendrobium crumenatum Dendrobium chrysotoxum Dendrobium tosaense Dendrobium planibulbe Dendrobium discolor Dendrobium fimbriatum Dendrobium trigonopus Dendrobium terminale Dendrobium hercoglossum Dendrobium purpureum Dioscorea deltoidea Dendrobium teretifolium Arnica montana Arnica montana Lophophora williamsii Flickingeria bifida Flickingeria comata Flickingeria fimbriata Flickingeria lonchophylla Polystachya concreta 31 32 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Epidendrum moniliforme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Epidendrum moschatum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eulophia streptopetala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Euphorbia ambacensis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Euphorbia discreta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Euphorbia natalensis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Euphorbia passa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Euphorbia proteifolia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Euphorbia similis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Euphorbia tenebrosa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fedia grandiflora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Galanthus ikariae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Galanthus plicatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ginseng quinquefolium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guaiacum guatemalense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guaiacum verticale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lichen islandicus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Limodorum cucullatum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lissochilus clitellifer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lissochilus parviflorus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lobaria islandica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lophophora echinata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lophophora lutea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nardostachys chinensis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nardostachys gracilis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nardostachys jatamansi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Onychium crumenatum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ophioxylon obversum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ophioxylon salutiferum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ophioxylon serpentinum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ophrys fuciflora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ophrys lutea subsp. galilaea . . . . . . . . . . . . . Orchis comperiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Orchis fuciflora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Orchis pseudo-sambucina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Orchis romana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pachidendron ferox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Panax americanum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patrinia jatamansis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pedilonum purpureum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pedilonum reinwardtii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Picrorhiza lindleyana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Podophyllum emodi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Podophyllum emodi var. hexandrum . . . . . . . Pygeum africanum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rauvolfia obversa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rauvolfia trifoliata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Saussurea lappa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sinopodophyllum hexandrum . . . . . . . . . . . . Stangeria paradoxa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Swertia lutea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Taxus baccata subsp. wallichiana . . . . . . . . . Theodorea costus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tithymalus bupleurifolius . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uva-ursi buxifolia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium moniliforme Dendrobium moschatum Eulophia parviflora Euphorbia ingens Euphorbia woodii Euphorbia ingens Euphorbia woodii Euphorbia bupleurifolia Euphorbia ingens Euphorbia ingens Nardostachys grandiflora Galanthus woronowii Galanthus nivalis Panax quinquefolius Guaiacum sanctum Guaiacum sanctum Cetraria islandica Eulophia cucullata Eulophia clitellifera Eulophia parviflora Cetraria islandica Lophophora williamsii Lophophora williamsii Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Dendrobium crumenatum Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Ophrys holoserica Ophrys sicula Comperia comperiana Ophrys holoserica Dactylorhiza romana Dactylorhiza romana Aloe ferox Panax quinquefolius Nardostachys grandiflora Dendrobium purpureum Dendrobium purpureum Picrorhiza kurrooa Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Prunus africana Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Saussurea costus Podophyllum hexandrum Stangeria eriopus Gentiana lutea Taxus wallichiana Saussurea costus Euphorbia bupleurifolia Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 33 34 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 6. Index of trade and vernacular names Please note that a number of trade and vernacular names may apply to various plant species, both protected and non-protected. In this case the search in this index may be misleading. This especially applies to certain trade names in use for Aloe, Panax and Taxus species. A-ka-ru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Abejera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adams Pitcher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adams-Cup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adlerholz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adonidis herba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adonis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adonis-vernalis-Kraut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adoniskraut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Afrikanische Aloe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Afrikanische Stinkholz-Rinde . . . . . . . . . . . . Agalugi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agalwood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agaru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agarugandhamu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agarwood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aggar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aggur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agha-loo-chee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agulugin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aguru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloe Sokotrina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloe capensis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloë del Capo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloe drevovidne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloe lucida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloe socotrino . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloe wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloe(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloe-arborescens-Blätter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloeholz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloès Socotrin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aloès du Cap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alumty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . American Ginseng root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . American Valerian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amerikanische Frauenschuhwurzel . . . . . . . . Amerikanische Ginsengwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . Amerikanischer Frauenschuh . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amerikanischer Ginseng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aquilariae lignum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aquilariaharzholz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Araba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arachontita . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aquilaria malaccensis Ophrys scolopax Sarracenia purpurea Sarracenia purpurea Aquilaria malaccensis Adonis vernalis Adonis vernalis Adonis vernalis Adonis vernalis Aloe ferox Prunus africana Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis, Pterocarpus santalinus Pterocarpus santalinus Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis Aloe ferox Aloe perryi Aloe ferox Aloe ferox Aloe arborescens Aloe ferox Aloe perryi Aquilaria malaccensis Aloe ferox Aloe arborescens Aquilaria malaccensis Aloe perryi Aloe ferox Prunus africana Panax quinquefolius Cypripedium parviflorum Cypripedium parviflorum Panax quinquefolius Cypripedium parviflorum Panax quinquefolius Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Arbre aux serpents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnica flowers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnica root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnicabloem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnicae flos (cum calycibus, sine calycibus) Arnicae folium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnicae radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnicae rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnikablätter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnikablomst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnikablüten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnikagyökér . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnikakraut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnikawurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnikony koren . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnikony kvet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnikovy koren . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnikovy kveti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asrel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Atti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aucklandia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aucklandiae radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Azufre vegetal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bai Ji . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Baiji . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bakrachimaka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balacharea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balchad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balchir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Banbaigan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bankakri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Banwangan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bärenkraut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bärentraubenblätter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bärlappkraut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bärlappsporen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Barmi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Baumartige Aloe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bear's Grape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bearberry leaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beerendruif . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Berg-Aloe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bergwohlverleihwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bergwurzblumen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bergwurzelblumen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bhavanbakra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bhavanbal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bhutijatt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bitter Wort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bitter-Aloe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bitterkleeblätter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bitterwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Blätterflechte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bletilla Tuber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rauvolfia serpentina Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Rauvolfia serpentina Pterocarpus santalinus Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Lycopodium clavatum Bletilla striata Bletilla striata Podophyllum hexandrum Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Lycopodium clavatum Lycopodium clavatum Taxus wallichiana Aloe arborescens Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Aloe ferox Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Nardostachys grandiflora Gentiana lutea Aloe ferox Menyanthes trifoliata Gentiana lutea Cetraria islandica Bletilla striata 35 36 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Bletilla rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bletillae tuber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Blutblumen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Blutstillende Spreuhaare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bogbean leaf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Böhmisches Christwurzkraut . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bois d'Aigle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bois d'Aloes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bois de Santal rouge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bois de gaïac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Brazil wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bucaneve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buckbean leaf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bulb of Snowdrop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Butijatt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Byakukyu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cacti flos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cacti grandiflori flos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cacto grandifloro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cactus grandiflorus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Calambac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canadian Ginseng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Candelabra Aloe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Candelabra Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cape Aloe(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Caucasian Snowdrop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Caulis Dendrobii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cetrariae lichen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ch'imhyang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ch'onma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chain fern rhizome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chandana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chandra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chandrabhaga . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chandrabhoya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Changala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chen xian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chen xiang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chenxiang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chhota Chand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chi Jian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chivan Amelpodi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chivanamelpodi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chob-i-qut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chota-chand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chovannamilpori . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chuan Mu Xiang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chumbera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chuvannavilpori . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chuvannavilpuri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bletilla striata Bletilla striata Arnica montana Cibotium barometz Menyanthes trifoliata Adonis vernalis Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis Pterocarpus santalinus Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Galanthus nivalis Menyanthes trifoliata Galanthus nivalis Nardostachys grandiflora Bletilla striata Selenicerus grandiflorus Selenicereus grandiflorus Selenicereus grandiflorus Selenicereus grandiflorus Aquilaria malaccensis Panax quinquefolius Aloe arborescens Aloe arborescens Aloe ferox Galanthus woronowii Dendrobium nobile, Dendrobium spp. 1 Cetraria islandica Aquilaria malaccensis Gastrodia elata Cibotium barometz Pterocarpus santalinus Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Saussurea costus Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis Rauvolfia serpentina Gastrodia elata Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Saussurea costus Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Saussurea costus Opuntia ficus-indica Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina 1 Please note: Trade names that are cross-referenced to “Dendrobium spp.” in this list may be in use for all Dendrobium species listed in part 2 of this checklist. Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Cibot rhizome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cibota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cibotii barometz rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cibotii rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cibotium-Wurzelstock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cibotum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ciège à grandes fleurs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clobmoss spores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cobra lilly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Colquico amarillo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common Clubmoss herb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common Gentian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common Snowdrop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cortex Pygei africani . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Costus root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Costuswurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Crep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cypripedii rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Darujikipota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dbang-po-lag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobii caulis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobii herba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium stem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium-Kraut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Devil's basket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Devil's root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diabolic root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dieng-sia-blei . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dioscoreae deltoideae radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dwarf-Groundroot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eaglewood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Earthmoss seeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Engelblumen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Engelskraut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Enzianwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Erba rissa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Espejo de Venus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Espica-nardo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eye-balm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eye-root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fallkraut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fallkrautblumen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fallkrautwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Farnhaare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Farnkrautwolle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Feuille de busserolle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Feuilles de Menyanthe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Feuilles de raisin d'ours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fieberflechte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fieberkleeblätter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fiebermoos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fieberwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fior(e) de arnica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Five-Fingers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fleur d'Arnica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cibotium barometz Cibotium barometz Cibotium barometz Cibotium barometz Cibotium barometz Cibotium barometz Selenicereus grandiflorus Lycopodium clavatum Sarracenia purpurea Sternbergia lutea Lycopodium clavatum Gentiana lutea Galanthus nivalis Prunus africana Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Cetraria islandica Cypripedium parviflorum Rauvolfia serpentina Dactylorhiza hatagirea Dendrobium nobile, Dendrobium spp. 1 Dendrobium nobile, Dendrobium spp. 1 Dendrobium nobile, Dendrobium spp. 1 Dendrobium nobile, Dendrobium spp. 1 Nepenthes khasiana Lophophora williamsii Lophophora williamsii Podocarpus neriifolia Dioscorea deltoidea Panax quinquefolius Aquilaria malaccensis Lycopodium clavatum Arnica montana Arnica montana Gentiana lutea Cetraria islandica Ophrys speculum Nardostachys grandiflora Hydrastis canadensis Hydrastis canadensis Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Cibotium barometz Cibotium barometz Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Menyanthes trifoliata Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Cetraria islandica Menyanthes trifoliata Cetraria islandica Gentiana lutea Arnica montana Panax quinquefolius Arnica montana 37 38 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Fleurs d'arnique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flor abeja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flor de arnica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flor de nieve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flor del Hombre Ahorcado . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flores Alismae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flores Arnicae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flores Cacti grandiflori . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flores Calendulae alpinae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flores Plantaginis montanae . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flores Ptarmicae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flos Arnicae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foglia di trifoglio fibrino . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Folhas de uva ursina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Folia (Herba) Garjubae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Folia Arctostaphyli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Folia Arnicae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Folia Taxi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Folia Trifolii fibrini . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Folia Uvae-ursi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Folia Vaccinii ursi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Folium Menyanthes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foraneve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Franzosenholz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frauenschuh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frauenschuhwurzelstock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frühlings-Adonisröschenkraut . . . . . . . . . . . . Fucus islandicus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gaharu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gaïac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Galanthi bulbus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Galantine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Galantine d'hiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gamsblumen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gamskraut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gan song . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gansong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Garu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gastrodia rhizome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gastrodiae rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gastrodien-Wurzelstock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gayac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gayuba del Pays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gelber Enzian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gelbfrauenschuhwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genciana junciana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gentian root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gentianae radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gentiane jaune . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genziana maggiore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ginseng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ginseng à cinq folioles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ginseng d'Amérique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ginsengwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ginzenggyökér . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arnica montana Ophrys lutea Arnica montana Galanthus nivalis Aceras anthropophorum Arnica montana Arnica montana Selenicereus grandiflorus Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Menyanthes trifoliata Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Arnica montana Taxus wallichiana Menyanthes trifoliata Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Menyanthes trifoliata Galanthus nivalis Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Cypripedium parviflorum Cypripedium parviflorum Adonis vernalis Cetraria islandica Aquilaria malaccensis Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Galanthus nivalis, Galanthus woronowii Galanthus nivalis Galanthus nivalis Arnica montana Arnica montana Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Aquilaria malaccensis Gastrodia elata Gastrodia elata Gastrodia elata Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Gentiana lutea Cypripedium parviflorum Gentiana lutea Gentiana lutea Gentiana lutea Gentiana lutea Gentiana lutea Panax quinquefolius Panax quinquefolius Panax quinquefolius Panax quinquefolius Panax quinquefolius Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Golden-Root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goldenseal root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goldsiegelwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goshtam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gou Ji . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gouji . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grande gentiane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Great Yellow Gentian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ground Raspberry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guaiaci lignum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guaiaci resina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guaiaco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guaiacum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guaiacum resin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guaiacum wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guajacum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guajakharz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guajakholz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guajakholzbaum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guang Dong Ren Shen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guang Mu Xiang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guangmuxiang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Guayacan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gulkakri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gum Guaiacum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gummi Guajaci . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Halis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Harkaya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Harki . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Haswa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hath Panja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heideflechte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heiligenholz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Herb d'Adonide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Herb of Lynchis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Herb of Spring Adonis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Herba Adonidis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Herba Arnicae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Herba Dendrobii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Herba Doronici germanici . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Herba Lycopodii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Herba Musci clavati . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Herbe aux chutes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Herbe d'arnice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Herbe de Lycopode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hierba mosca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Higo chumbo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hikúli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hikúri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Himalayan Mayapple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Himalayaschartenwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hindiagara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hintalah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hirschhornflechte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hlavacek jarni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hydrastis canadensis Hydrastis canadensis Hydrastis canadensis Saussurea costus Cibotium barometz Cibotium barometz Gentiana lutea Gentiana lutea Hydrastis canadensis Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Guaiacum sanctum Panax quinquefolius Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Podophyllum hexandrum Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Podocarpus neriifolia Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Nardostachys grandiflora Dactylorhiza hatagirea Cetraria islandica Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Adonis vernalis Adonis vernalis Adonis vernalis Adonis vernalis Arnica montana Dendrobium nobile, Dendrobium spp. 1 Arnica montana Lycopodium clavatum Lycopodium clavatum Arnica montana Arnica montana Lycopodium clavatum Ophrys bombyliflora Opuntia ficus-indica Lophophora williamsii Lophophora williamsii Podophyllum hexandrum Saussurea costus Aquilaria malaccensis Cycas circinalis Cetraria islandica Adonis vernalis 39 40 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Hochwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hojas de gayuba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hojas de trebol de agua . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hong dou shan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hong-len . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Honne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Horcovy koren . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Horec zluty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hóvirág . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hu huang lian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hua Qi Shen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Huoshan Shihu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Huring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hydraste . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hydrastis Kanadsky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hydrastis rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hydrastis root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hydrastisrhizom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Iceland lichen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Iceland moss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Idraste . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Iluo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indian Dye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indian Gentian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indian Nard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indian Paint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indian Podophyllum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indian Spikenard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indian Turmeric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indische Kostuswurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indische Narde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indische Podophyllwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indische Schlangenwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Isländische Flechte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Isländisches Moos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Islandsky lisjnik . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Islanninjäkälä . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Izlandi zúzmó . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jangli-madan-mast-ka-phul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jataamaansee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jataamaansi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jatamamshi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jatamamsi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jatamangsi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jatamansi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jatamansi root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jatamashi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jatamasi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jatamavshi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jaundiceroot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jetamansi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jinart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jingouji . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jinko(h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jinmaogou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gentiana lutea Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Menyanthes trifoliata Taxus wallichiana Picrorhiza kurrooa Pterocarpus santalinus Gentiana lutea Gentiana lutea Galanthus nivalis Picrorhiza kurrooa Panax quinquefolius Dendrobium spp. 1 Rauvolfia serpentina Hydrastis canadensis Hydrastis canadensis Hydrastis canadensis Hydrastis canadensis Hydrastis canadensis Cetraria islandica Cetraria islandica Hydrastis canadensis Prunus africana Hydrastis canadensis Picrorhiza kurrooa Nardostachys grandiflora Hydrastis canadensis Podophyllum hexandrum Nardostachys grandiflora Hydrastis canadensis Saussurea costus Nardostachys grandiflora Podophyllum hexandrum Rauvolfia serpentina Cetraria islandica Cetraria islandica Cetraria islandica Cetraria islandica Cetraria islandica Cycas circinalis Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Hydrastis canadensis Nardostachys grandiflora Podocarpus neriifolia Cibotium barometz Aquilaria malaccensis Cibotium barometz Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Jivaka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jivakah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jowansu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kadu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kadugurohini . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kaktusblüten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kalambac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kalichhad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kan Sung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kanadische Gelbwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kanadische Orangenwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kananko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kanankoh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kap-Aloe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Karru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kat-bhaluk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Katki . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Katuka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Katukarogani . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Katurohini . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kaukasisches Schneeglöckchen . . . . . . . . . . Kaur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kayu Gaharu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kempugandha Chekke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kharbague-hindi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kherewal-tak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kibrit otu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kiburabura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kidachiaroe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kidachirokai . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kildri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kirah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kithi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kitra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kniss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Königin-der-Nacht-Blüten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kooren . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Korpafû . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Koshta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Koshtae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kostum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kostuspflanze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kotofihy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kramperltee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Krish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kriss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ku luo hu huang lian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kuch'ok . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kukilipot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kumari . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kuru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kuruwa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Malaxis acuminata Malaxis acuminata Rauvolfia serpentina Picrorhiza kurrooa Picrorhiza kurrooa Selenicereus grandiflorus Aquilaria malaccensis Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Hydrastis canadensis Hydrastis canadensis Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis Aloe ferox Picrorhiza kurrooa Podocarpus neriifolia Picrorhiza kurrooa Picrorhiza kurrooa Picrorhiza kurrooa Picrorhiza kurrooa Galanthus woronowii Picrorhiza kurrooa Aquilaria malaccensis Pterocarpus santalinus Picrorhiza kurrooa Podocarpus neriifolia Lycopodium clavatum Prunus africana Aloe arborescens Aloe arborescens Dioscorea deltoidea Dioscorea deltoidea Prunus africana Dioscorea deltoidea Dioscorea deltoidea Dioscorea deltoidea Selenicereus grandiflorus Picrorhiza kurrooa Lycopodium clavatum Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Prunus africana Picrorhiza kurrooa Cetraria islandica Dioscorea deltoidea Dioscorea deltoidea Picrorhiza kurrooa Cibotium barometz Nardostachys grandiflora Aloe perryi Saussurea costus Picrorhiza kurrooa Picrorhiza kurrooa 41 42 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Kuseki . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kushta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kushtha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kustam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kustha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kusthah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kut(h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kutaki . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kuth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kutki . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kwiat kupalnika . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kyara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lady's Slipper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Laghupattra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lalchandan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lamb of Tartary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lao Mu Xiang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Large Blooming Cereus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lenha di guaiaco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leño de Sandalo rojo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leño de guayaco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lichen d'Islande . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lichen islandicus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lichene catartico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lichene islandico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lignum Aloes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lignum Aquilariae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lignum Aspalathi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lignum Guaiaci . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lignum Santali rubrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lignum Santalinum rubrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lignum vitae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liquen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liquen de Islandia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liquen islandico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lisc macznicy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . List'ja toloknjanki . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lolori . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lotu-chand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lu hui . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lucid aloe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Luhui . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lukowiza podsneshnika . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lungenflechte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lungenmoos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lycopode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lycopodii herba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lycopodium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Makalmaran . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mameilet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mamsi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Man's Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . March trefoil leaf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mashi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cibotium barometz Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Picrorhiza kurrooa Saussurea costus Picrorhiza kurrooa Arnica montana Aquilaria malaccensis Cypripedium parviflorum Podophyllum hexandrum Pterocarpus santalinus Cibotium barometz Saussurea costus Selenicereus grandiflorus Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Pterocarpus santalinus Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Cetraria islandica Cetraria islandica Cetraria islandica Cetraria islandica Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Pterocarpus santalinus Pterocarpus santalinus Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Cetraria islandica Cetraria islandica Cetraria islandica Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Gnetum montanum Rauvolfia serpentina Aloe ferox Aloe ferox Aloe ferox Galanthus nivalis Cetraria islandica Cetraria islandica Lycopodium clavatum Lycopodium clavatum Lycopodium clavatum Rauvolfia serpentina Gnetum montanum Nardostachys grandiflora Panax quinquefolius Menyanthes trifoliata Nardostachys grandiflora Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Masi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medicinal Yam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medvedice lekarska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medvedicovy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mei guo ren sen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Melbaerblad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Memang-kaksi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Menyanthidis folium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mescal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mescal buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mexican Peyote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mimam-kakshi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ming Tian Ma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mjölonrisblad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mokhyang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mokko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mook heong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mountain tobacco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mrgalindika . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mrigalindika . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mu Hsiang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mu xiang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mueri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Muiri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Musco catartico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Musco di terra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Musco islandico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Musgo de Islandia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Musk-root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mutterwurz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Muxiang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Myrtillocactus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nard indien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nardenähre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nardenwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nardo indico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nardostachys jatamansi radix . . . . . . . . . . . . Nardostachys rhizome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Naswa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nat hlavacku jarniho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nerve root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nervenwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Night Blooming Cereus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nihanu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Niveole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nohwa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Northern Pitcher Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Occidental Ginseng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Octopus Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ohio Curcuma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ojo de Perdiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ol-mo-se . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Omumba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Orange-Root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nardostachys grandiflora Dioscorea deltoidea Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Panax quinquefolius Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Nepenthes khasiana Menyanthes trifoliata Lophophora williamsii Lophophora williamsii Lophophora williamsii Nepenthes khasiana Gastrodia elata Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Arnica montana Gnetum montanum Gnetum montanum Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Prunus africana Prunus africana Cetraria islandica Cetraria islandica Cetraria islandica Cetraria islandica Nardostachys grandiflora Arnica montana Saussurea costus Myrtillocactus geometrizans Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Adonis vernalis Cypripedium parviflorum Cypripedium parviflorum Selenicereus grandiflorus Nardostachys grandiflora Galanthus nivalis Aloe ferox Sarracenia purpurea Panax quinquefolius Aloe arborescens Hydrastis canadensis Adonis vernalis Podophyllum hexandrum Prunus africana Hydrastis canadensis 43 44 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Orangenwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Orquidea silvestre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ouplate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Owd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Owd-hindee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paataala Garuda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paataalagani . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pachak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Padwal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Padwel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paekkup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pai-chi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paleae stypticae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Palosanto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pampe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Panacis quinquefolii radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Papra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Papri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paradise wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patala-agandhi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patalagandhi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patalgarur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patrangam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patvel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patwel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Perce-neige . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Perce-neige de Voronow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peyote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peyote buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peyote-Kaktus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peyote-Kopf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peyotl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peyotl-Kaktus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phüllon arctocomaroü . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Picrorhiza rhizome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Picrorhizae rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pigeum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pili cibotii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pili stypticae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pitcher plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plavun vidlacka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plavunove vytrusy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pockholz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pockwood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Podophylli emodi rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Podophylli indici rhizoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Podophylli resina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Podophyllin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Podophyllum indicum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Podophyllum resin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Podophyllumharz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Podsneshnik Woronowa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Porost islandzki . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Post-khai . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prha horska ("arnyka") . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hydrastis canadensis Orchis mascula, Orchis morio Saussurea costus Aquilaria malaccensis Aquilaria malaccensis Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Saussurea costus Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Bletilla striata Bletilla striata Cibotium barometz Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Nardostachys grandiflora Panax quinquefolius Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Aquilaria malaccensis Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Pterocarpus santalinus Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Galanthus nivalis Galanthus woronowii Lophophora williamsii Lophophora williamsii Lophophora williamsii Lophophora williamsii Lophophora williamsii Lophophora williamsii Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Picrorhiza kurrooa Picrorhiza kurrooa Prunus africana Cibotium barometz Cibotium barometz Nepenthes khasiana, Sarracenia purpurea Lycopodium clavatum Lycopodium clavatum Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Galanthus woronowii Cetraria islandica Saussurea costus Arnica montana Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Ptarmiganbeery leaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pterocarpi lignum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Puklerka sobi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purgiermoos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purple Pitcher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Putchuk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pygei africani cortex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pygeum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pygeum extract (Pygenil) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Racine d'Arnique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Racine de gentian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Racine de serpentine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radice di Genziana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radix Arnicae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radix Aucklandiae lappae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radix Costus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radix Cypripedii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radix Doronici germanici . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radix Gentianae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radix Hydrastis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radix Nardostachyos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radix Podophylli emodi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radix Rauwolfiae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radix Saussureae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raiz de arnica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raiz de genciana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raiz de hidrastis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raiz diabolica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rakta Chandan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rakta Gandhamu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raktacandana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raktacandanah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raktacandanam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raktachandan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raktachandana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ratanjali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rauwolfia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rauwolfia root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rauwolfiae radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rauwolfiawurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Red Berry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Red Sandalwood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Red Sanders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Red Stinkwood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reina de la noche . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resin de Gaïac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resina Guajaci . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resina de Guayaco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resina de lenha santo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resina di Guaiaco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resine de Podophylle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resins Podophylli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rhizoma Arnicae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rhizoma Bletillae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Pterocarpus santalinus Cetraria islandica Cetraria islandica Sarracenia purpurea Saussurea costus Prunus africana Prunus africana Prunus africana Menyanthes trifoliata Arnica montana Gentiana lutea Rauvolfia serpentina Gentiana lutea Arnica montana Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Cypripedium parviflorum Arnica montana Gentiana lutea Hydrastis canadensis Nardostachys grandiflora Podophyllum hexandrum Rauvolfia serpentina Saussurea costus Arnica montana Gentiana lutea Hydrastis canadensis Lophophora williamsii Pterocarpus santalinus Pterocarpus santalinus Pterocarpus santalinus Pterocarpus santalinus Pterocarpus santalinus Pterocarpus santalinus Pterocarpus santalinus Pterocarpus santalinus Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Panax quinquefolius Pterocarpus santalinus Pterocarpus santalinus Prunus africana Selenicereus grandiflorus Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Arnica montana Bletilla striata 45 46 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Rhizoma Cibotii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rhizoma Cypripedii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rhizoma Gastrodiae elatae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rhizoma Hydrastis canadensis . . . . . . . . . . . Rhizoma Nardostachyos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rhizoma Picrorhizae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rhizoma Podophylli emodi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rhizoma d'idraste . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rhizome d'Arnique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rhizome d'hydrastis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rokai . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rotes Sandelholz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rotsandelholz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ru-rta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sabir suqutri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Salam Panja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Salep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sambul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . San-jiao-ye-shu-yu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sanalho vermelho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sanochado . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Santali lignum rubri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sari centiyan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sarpaganda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sarpagandha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sarpagandhi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sarpaganthi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sarpaghanda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sasi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Satirion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Saussurea root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Saussureae radix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sceau d'Or . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Schlangencereus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Schlangenholz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Schlangenkaktus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Schlangenmoos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Schneeglöckchenzwiebel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Segno serpentino . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seiyojin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sekkoku . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cibotium barometz Cypripedium parviflorum Gastrodia elata Hydrastis canadensis Nardostachys grandiflora Picrorhiza kurrooa Podophyllum hexandrum Hydrastis canadensis Arnica montana Hydrastis canadensis Aloe ferox Pterocarpus santalinus Pterocarpus santalinus Saussurea costus Aloe perryi Dactylorhiza hatagirea Aceras anthropophorum, Anacamptis pyramidalis, Barlia robertiana, Comperia comperiana, Dactylorhiza iberica, Dactylorhiza osmanica, Dactylorhiza romana, Himantoglossum affine, Himantoglossum caprinum, Neotinea maculata, Ophrys bombyliflora, Ophrys ferrum-equinum, Ophrys fusca, Ophrys holoserica, Ophrys lutea, Ophrys mammosa, Ophrys phrygia, Ophrys reinholdii, Ophrys scolopax, Ophrys sicula, Ophrys speculum, Ophrys tenthredinifera, Ophrys umbilicata, Orchis anatolica, Orchis coriophora, Orchis italica, Orchis laxiflora, Orchis mascula, Orchis morio, Orchis pallens, Orchis palustris, Orchis papilionacea, Orchis pinetorum, Orchis provincialis, Orchis purpurea, Orchis sancta, Orchis simia, Orchis spitzelii, Orchis tridentata, Platanthera bifolia, Platanthera chlorantha, Serapias vomeracea Nardostachys grandiflora Dioscorea deltoidea Pterocarpus santalinus Panax quinquefolius Rauvolfia serpentina Pterocarpus santalinus Gentiana lutea Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Aquilaria malaccensis Orchis mascula, Orchis morio Saussurea costus Saussurea costus Hydrastis canadensis Selenicereus grandiflorus Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum, Rauvolfia serpentina Selenicereus grandiflorus Lycopodium clavatum Galanthus nivalis Rauvolfia serpentina Panax quinquefolius Dendrobium nobile, Dendrobium spp. 1 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Selenicerei grandiflori flos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sello dorado . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Semen Lycopodii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sepuddy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Serpentine root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Serpentine wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shegenmu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shi hu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shi song . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shi song fen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shih-hu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shihu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shihu Cao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shivanabhiballi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shougoujipian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sigillo aureo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Siklamen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Simjenga . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Singlimingli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sivappu Chandanam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Snakewood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Snowdrop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sobr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Socotrine Aloes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sokatra-Aloe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sokkok . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Soushen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Soyangsam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spang-spos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spicanard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spike . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spikenard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spora Lycopodium verum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . St.-Luzianskraut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Steinbeerenblätter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stelha puklerky islandske . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stichkraut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stichwurz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stoletnik . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supurolid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sutranavi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Suvapavalporiyan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tabac des Vosges (des montagnes) . . . . . . . . Talispatr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tambada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tanggouji . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tao er qi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Taoerqi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tarnicsgyökér . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tartar Root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tartschenflechte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Taxi folium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tenma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Testiculo de Perro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Selenicereus grandiflorus Hydrastis canadensis Lycopodium clavatum Saussurea costus Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Dendrobium nobile, Dendrobium spp. 1, Flickingeria lonchophylla Lycopodium clavatum Lycopodium clavatum Dendrobium nobile, Dendrobium spp. 1 Dendrobium spp. 1 Dendrobium spp. 1, Flickingeria lonchophylla Rauvolfia serpentina Cibotium barometz Hydrastis canadensis Cyclamen hederifolium Rauvolfia serpentina Dioscorea deltoidea Pterocarpus santalinus Rauvolfia serpentina Galanthus nivalis Aloe perryi Aloe perryi Aloe perryi Dendrobium nobile, Dendrobium spp. 1 Gymnadenia orchidis Panax quinquefolius Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys grandiflora Lycopodium clavatum Arnica montana Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Cetraria islandica Arnica montana Arnica montana Aloe arborescens Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia serpentina Arnica montana Taxus wallichiana Pterocarpus santalinus Cibotium barometz Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Dioscorea deltoidea Gentiana lutea Panax quinquefolius Cetraria islandica Taxus wallichiana Gastrodia elata Orchis mascula, Orchis morio 48 Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Thitmin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thlang-phar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thuno . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tian ma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tianma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tien-ma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tiew rakot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tilaparnni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Todong-pait-parao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Torch Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tou ming lu hui . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trebol de agua . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trifolii fibrini folium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tubera Bletillae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tuna de tierra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tunera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Turmeric-Root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tymmoh-phare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uggor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Umbli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Upaleta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uva orsina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uva ursi leaf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uvae ursi folium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vachta trojlista . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vainilla . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vakasa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vakra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vanatrapusi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vanavrntaka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vanillae fructus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Varaguna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Veni-vel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Venivel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Venus fly trap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Verfangkraut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vidrafûlevél . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vierge à grandes fleurs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vla . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Voronow's Snowdrop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Welimada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wild Curcuma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wild Turmeric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Witch meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wohlverleihblätter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wohlverleihblüten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wohlverleihkraut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wohlverleihwurzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wolfsbeerenblätter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wolfsblüten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Woronows Schneeglöckchen . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wotangue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wundfarn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Xi yang shen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Xiaoyelian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Podocarpus neriifolia Podocarpus neriifolia Taxus wallichiana Gastrodia elata Gastrodia elata Gastrodia elata Nepenthes khasiana Pterocarpus santalinus Rauvolfia serpentina Aloe arborescens Aloe ferox Menyanthes trifoliata Menyanthes trifoliata Bletilla striata Lophophora williamsii Opuntia ficus-indica Hydrastis canadensis Nepenthes khasiana Aquilaria malaccensis Gnetum montanum Saussurea costus Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Menyanthes trifoliata Vanilla planifolia Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Vanilla planifolia Cycas circinalis Podophyllum hexandrum Podophyllum hexandrum Dionaea muscipula Arnica montana Menyanthes trifoliata Selenicereus grandiflorus Prunus africana Galanthus woronowii Podocarpus neriifolia Hydrastis canadensis Hydrastis canadensis Lycopodium clavatum Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arnica montana Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Arnica montana Galanthus woronowii Prunus africana Cibotium barometz Panax quinquefolius Podophyllum hexandrum Lange & Schippmann, 1999, CITES Checklist Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Version 3.0 Xiashuangcao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yang shen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yellow Gentian root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yellow Indian Paint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yellow Lady's slipper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yellow Moccasin flower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yellow Paint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yellow Puccoon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yellow Root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yellow pitcher plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yelloweye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yelunjooj . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yerba de Adonis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yerra Chandanamu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yufurong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yunmuxiang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Zi shan cun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Zitan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dendrobium nobile Panax quinquefolius Gentiana lutea Hydrastis canadensis Cypripedium parviflorum Cypripedium parviflorum Hydrastis canadensis Hydrastis canadensis Hydrastis canadensis Sarracenia flava Hydrastis canadensis Aquilaria malaccensis Adonis vernalis Pterocarpus santalinus Opuntia monacantha Saussurea costus Taxus wallichiana Pterocarpus santalinus 49