Graphical database management solutions for HP NonStop SQL/MX

Transcription

Technical white paper
Graphical database management solutions for
HP NonStop SQL/MX
Table of contents
Introduction
2
Graphical database management solutions overview
3
Graphical database management solutions for database
administration tasks
HP-provided database management solutions
Third-party database management solutions
3
3
7
Use cases
NSM/web
MXDM
SQLXPress
9
10
12
14
Database management solutions comparison table
19
Conclusion
22
Appendix A: Access and installation instructions
NSM/web
MXDM
SQLXPress
23
23
25
27
Appendix B: HP special-purpose tools for database management
30
Learn more
34
Introduction
The job of database administration has become increasingly complex. Database administrators (DBAs) must manage
rapidly advancing database technology, an increased number of mission-critical applications, and rapidly expanding
data volumes. To manage increasingly complex systems, DBAs need graphical, feature-rich database management
solutions that automate and replace ad-hoc tools and manual tasks.
This paper provides HP technicians and NonStop customers with comprehensive information concerning HP-provided
graphical database management solutions and the best-of-breed third-party graphical database management solution
for HP NonStop SQL/MX. This information is especially important to database administrators who are considering
moving to SQL/MX from SQL/MP or an alternative database platform such as Oracle or DB2. The database management
solutions discussed in this paper helps existing customers increase efficiencies and can significantly lesson the learning
curve involved in making a transition to SQL/MX.
Topics covered in this paper include: product overviews, use cases, a comparison matrix, and pointers to access
installation instructions.
2
Graphical database management solutions overview
The two HP-provided solutions discussed in this paper are HP NonStop Web Manager (NSM/web) and HP NonStop
SQL/MX Database Manager (MXDM). The third-party solution addressed is SQLXPress by Merlon Software. Although
many third-party database management solutions can access NonStop SQL/MX through the Open Database Connectivity
(ODBC) and Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) framework, Merlon Software is currently the only third-party database
management solution that is fully compatible with NonStop SQL/MX.
This paper addresses how these solutions provide DBAs, developers, database testers, and end-users with a graphical
means of performing job-related functions. However, topics related to database design, system security, system
performance, code generation, and debugging as well as data extract, transform, and load (ETL) tasks are not covered in
this paper.
Planning is currently underway to incorporate various HP special purpose tools into MXDM. A list of special-purpose
tools available for managing NonStop databases is provided in Appendix B: HP special-purpose tools for database
management.
Graphical database management solutions for database
administration tasks
HP-provided database management solutions
Two HP provided, graphical solutions are available for managing NonStop SQL/MX database administration tasks:
NSM/web and MXDM. Both products are bundled with SQL/MX at no additional cost.
NSM/web can be used to access and manage all versions of SQL/MX databases, while MXDM is only intended for use with
SQL/MX version 3.2 and higher. No further development is planned for NSM/web. Instead, all future investment will be
focused on expanding the functionality of MXDM. This decision was made because MXDM uses ODBC, which is an
extensible architectural framework.
3
NSM/web
NSM/web is a graphical database management solution that enables users to connect to and manage a SQL/MX
database. Using NSM/web, users can create and browse database and connectivity objects, execute data definition
language (DDL) statements, and launch a telnet session. Telnet provides access to command line interface (CLI) mxci,
running on the NonStop server, which enables users to perform administrative and database management tasks by
running SQL statements interactively or by executing scripts.
NSM/web can be used to manage databases on a NonStop server from a client workstation. NSM/web components are
installed on the NonStop server and NSM/web is accessed from the client workstation using a web browser and a
Java plug-in.
Figure 1. Main console of NSM/web interface
Number label
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
4
NSM/web banner
Selected tab
Subsystems available
Navigation tree pane
Selected area
Status bar
MXDM
MXDM is a graphical database management solution that enables users to connect and manage multiple NonStop
SQL/MX databases on one or more NonStop systems. Using MXDM, users can browse database and connectivity objects,
create connectivity objects, access SQL Whiteboard, and launch the HP NonStop Remote SQL/MX Conversational
Interface (RMXCI). SQL Whiteboard enables users to execute and store SQL statements which include parameters. RMXCI,
running on a workstation, enables users to perform administrative and database management tasks by running SQL
statements interactively or by executing scripts. Users can also execute SQL statements to RMXCI from a Perl or
Python script.
MXDM interfaces with a NonStop server using an ODBC/MX driver. RMXCI interfaces with the NonStop server using the
Java Type 4 driver.
Figure 2. Main console of MXDM interface
Number label
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
MXDM banner
Menu bar
Tool bar
Selected tab
Selected area
My favorites pane
Navigation tree pane
Right pane
Areas available
Status bar
5
SQL Whiteboard
SQL Whiteboard is a component of MXDM which can be accessed from the main MXDM console. It enables users to enter
and execute SQL statements that can include parameters.
To access the SQL Whiteboard from the MXDM console do one of the following:
• Click SQL Whiteboard on the MXDM toolbar
• Select Tools, SQL Whiteboard
SQL/MX Remote Conversational Interface
RMXCI is a component of MXDM, which can be accessed from the main MXDM console. It enables users to enter SQL
statements interactively, or execute scripts from a CLI.
To access RMXCI from the MXDM console do one of the following:
Click SQL RMXCI on the MXDM toolbar.
• Select Tools, SQL/MX Remote Conversational Interface
Before RMXCI can be accessed it needs to be installed. For more information see the access and installation section of
this paper.
6
Third-party database management solutions
NonStop SQL/MX is an ANSI SQL-compliant database that can be accessed using ODBC and JDBC Type 4 interfaces from
Microsoft® Windows®, Linux platforms, and an on-platform JDBC Type 2 driver and Open System Services (OSS)
ODBC/MX driver.
With a variety of standard interfaces available, NonStop SQL/MX databases can be accessed by many third-party
database management solutions. Third-party solutions that have been used to manage NonStop databases using the
ODBC or JDBC framework include: DbVisualizer by DbVis Software, RazorSQL from Richardson Software, and Squirrel SQL
an open source solution. Currently, not all features built-into these database management solutions work seamlessly
on the NonStop SQL/MX platform.
The third-party database management solution that is fully compatible with NonStop is SQLXPress by Merlon Software.
SQLXPress is tightly integrated into the NonStop operating system software stack and it provides superior support for
NonStop SQL specific features not readily available from generic ODBC or JDBC tools. In addition, Merlon Software
provides support for both SQL/MP and SQL/MX databases.
Merlon Software
Merlon software is a Toronto-based software company founded in 1994. It comprises a team of NonStop developers
that continue to align their database management solutions with each new release of SQL/MX. Their suite of database
management products are specifically designed for the NonStop platform and run only on NonStop servers.
Merlon offers the following database management solutions for NonStop:
•
SQLXPress supports comprehensive database management facilities for installations with SQL/MX databases,
using either SQL/MP or SQL/MX tables.
•
Discover is a comprehensive, easy-to-use, disk storage management tool for HP Nonstop systems.
•
MARS is a tool that automatically monitors and manages Enscribe, SQL/MP, and SQL/MX reloads.
Currently these solutions are accessed separately, but plans are in place to integrate these tools, so they can be
accessed from a single interface.
SQLXPress
SQLXPress is a graphical database management solution that enables users to connect and manage a NonStop
database. With SQLXPress, users have access to a range of database management features and functions available in
industry-leading management solutions. SQLXPress is a fully automated solution which means users do not have to
write SQL or run scripts in order to manage a NonStop database. However, many SQL operations such as populating an
index or repartitioning tables can take a long time. For this reason SQLXPress can be used to generate scripts that can be
submitted to the batch scheduler called NetBatch. In addition scripts can be created for special purpose jobs that run on
a regular basis, such as updating statistics.
SQLXPress is a Windows client-based tool, which comprises a NonStop server component and a client component.
SQLXPress connects to a NonStop database using a native TCP/IP connection and it uses the NonStop system LISTNER or
Merlon’s LISTEN process to listen on a well-known port.
7
Figure 3. Main console of SQLXPress interface
Number label
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
8
SQLXPress banner
Menu bar
Tool bar
Welcome tab
Navigation pane
Status bar
Use cases
The database management solution selected to manage a NonStop database, depends on the version of the NonStop
database being managed, and it also depends on the job functions the tool is intended to facilitate. The next section
describes the types of users who use database management tools and addresses which NonStop solutions have the
features and functions necessary to assist users who perform discrete job functions.
The database administrator is responsible for installing, configuring, upgrading, administrating, monitoring, and
maintaining the NonStop database. The role consists of many job functions, including:
• Create database objects
• Browse SQL database object definitions
• Manage table and index partitions
• Rebuild tables and indexes
• Collect statistics
• Manage data sources
The database developer designs and maintains software applications related to database functionality. The role
consists of many job functions, including:
• Build, test, and optimize queries
• Build scripts
• Create test data
• Explore database dependencies
General users often perform tasks related to viewing and managing data stored in tables. General users may perform
the following database-related tasks:
• Browse data
• Run queries designed by a DBA
The database tester generally runs tests to verify data accuracy and performs other tasks related to data validation.
Database testers may perform the following database related tasks:
• Create and manage test environments
• Compare schemas
• Evaluate data
• Generate test data
A detailed comparison of the features and functions available through NSM/web, MXDM, and Merlon’s suite of products
are listed in the Database management and solutions comparison table.
9
NSM/web
NSM/web offers graphical support for database administration tasks such as creating and altering database objects and
browsing database object definitions.
DBA
The following diagrams show that NSM/web provides DBAs with a graphical method for carrying out common tasks
which include:
• Modify database objects
Figure 4. Manage tables
This screen shot shows that by right clicking on a table in the navigation tree pane, the user is prompted to perform
various DDL tasks related to table management.
10
Figure 5. Manage data sources
This screen shot shows the window that appears when the MX Connectivity Services (MXCS) tab is selected from the
subsystems tab. This window allows users to view various data source attributes which include: data source names, the
maximum number of servers configured for each data source, the number of servers that are available to accept a
connection, the number of MXCS servers that MXCS starts for the data source when the data source is started, timeouts,
and start modes.
11
MXDM
MXDM offers graphical support for database administration tasks and automation of features and functions to be used
by DBAs and general users.
DBA
The following diagrams show that MXDM provides DBAs with a graphical method of carrying out common tasks such as:
Figure 6. View table properties
This screen shot shows that by selecting a table in the navigation tree pane, the user can view various elements of the
table’s definition which include the primary key column identifier and the table’s columns and associated data types.
12
Figure 7. Manage data sources
This screen shot shows the window that appears when the CONNECTIVITY tab is selected. This window allows users to
view various data source attributes which include: data source names, the maximum number of servers configured for
each data source, the number of MXCS servers that MXCS starts for the data source when the data source is started, and
the number of servers that are available to accept a connection.
13
SQLXPress
The suite of database management tools available through Merlon Software offer a wide range of features and
functions used by DBAs, developers, general users, and data testers.
DBA
The following diagrams show that SQLXPress provides DBAs with a graphical method of carrying out common tasks
such as:
• View database metadata
• Manage table and index partitions
• Rebuild tables and indexes
• Collect statistics
Figure 8. Select a database administration task
14
The following diagram shows that SQLXPress provides built-in reports used for viewing database metadata.
Figure 9. View SQL/MX metadata
This screen shot shows a list of reports that are available after installing SQLXPress. These reports display information
related to various categories of metadata. This information is very useful for understanding the current state of a
NonStop database.
15
Developer
The following diagram shows that SQLXPress provides graphical assistance to aid developers in building and tuning
queries.
Figure 10. Build a query
This screen shot shows the main window for building and executing queries using SQLXPress. Writing and executing
queries can be completed by selecting options from SQLXPress toolbars and menus.
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General user
The following diagram shows that SQLXPress provides graphical assistance to aid general users in carrying out tasks
which include browsing data and running reports.
Figure 11. Browse data
This screen shot shows the first ten rows in table SAMDBCAT.PERSNL.EMPLOYEE.
17
Tester/QA analyst
The following diagram shows that SQLXPress provides graphical assistance to database testers to carry-out tasks such
as comparing database object definitions.
Figure 12. Compare SQL object definitions
This screen shot shows that SQLXPress provides a mechanism for easily comparing the definitions of two tables, each of
which can reside in any catalog or schema on the NonStop system.
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Database management solutions comparison table
The following chart lists the features available through NSM/web, MXDM, and the Merlon product suite, for managing
SQL/MX 3.2 databases. New features will be added in future releases of MXDM and the Merlon product suite. The
following chart reflects the features available for each solution for the product release shown.
Table 1. Feature comparison chart
Legend
Y (yes): The feature is available and users are graphically guided through steps to carry-out a given task
N (no): Graphical support is not provided for the feature
HP internal tools
Third-party tools
NSM/web For
SQL/MX 3.2
MXDM
Release 1
Merlon Database
Management Suite/v. 3.2
Create catalogs and schemas
Y
N
Y
Create, alter, and drop database objects
Y
N
Y
Browse SQL database object definitions
Y
Y
Y
Add table columns and constraints
Y
N
Y
Browse table content
N
N
Y
Modify table content
N
N
Y
Interface available for issuing SQL statements
Y
Y
Y
Interface for issuing and storing SQL statements for reuse
N
Y
Y
Manage table and index partitions (add, split, and merge
table and index partitions)
N
N
Y
Rename SQL objects and partitions
N
N
Y
Reload tables and indexes
N
N
Y
Detect tables and indexes that require reload automatically
N
N
Y
Schedule reloads to run during specified off-peak times
N
N
Y
Suspend and resume reloads automatically based on reload
window, system load, audit trail capacity, and more
N
N
Y
Update statistics
N
N
Y
Backup and restore statistics
N
N
Y
Features
Create and browse objects
Database object maintenance
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HP internal tools
Third-party tools
NSM/web for
SQL/MX 3.2
MXDM
Release 1
Merlon Database
View available disk space
N
N
Y
Predict file full condition for tables and indexes
N
N
Y
Predict disk volume full condition
N
N
Y
Increase maximum table and index size based on growth
predictions
N
N
Y
Pre-allocate disk space to growing tables and indexes
N
N
Y
Free unused space in tables and indexes that are not growing
N
N
Y
Detect and report unwanted table and index attribute
changes
N
N
Y
Identify and report broken, corrupt, and crash open tables
and indexes
N
N
Y
Detect and correct disk volume fragmentation automatically
N
N
Y
Access worksheets for management and reporting of
database problems
N
N
Y
Maintain history of file growth for tables and indexes
N
N
Y
Maintain history of disk volume capacity
N
N
Y
View and modify Control Query Defaults (CQDs)
N
Y
Y
View and modify system defaults
N
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Grant and revoke object privileges
Y
N
Y
Manage SQL object ownership
N
N
Y
Duplicate SQL tables and related objects
Y
N
Y
Backup and recover files
N
N
N
Features
Space and capacity management
Modify system and session parameters
Create database environments
Create environments in order to view a defined subset of
system objects
Database security
Backup and recovery
20
HP internal tools
Third-party tools
NSM/web For
SQL/MX 3.2
MXDM
Release 1
Merlon Database
Create and store queries
N
Y
Y
Support for run time parameters
N
Y
Y
Display and iteratively tune execution plans
N
N
Y
Compare saved query plans
N
N
Y
Select plans based on a wide range of criteria (application
version, cost, table, and more)
N
N
Y
Generate scripts to recreate the database or specific
database objects
N
Y
Y
Scripts can include: embedded SQL, host variables, and mxci
commands, procedures, and functions
N
Y
Y
Browse objects and produce corresponding reports
N
Y
Y
Access to a job scheduling tool
N
N
Y
Run resource-intensive jobs as background tasks
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
Create and modify triggers
Y
N
Y
Create and modify stored procedures
N
N
Y
Extract and analyze SQL from source code
N
N
Y
Extract, transform, and load data
N
N
Y
Direct connectivity between SQL/MX, and Oracle
N
N
Y
Manages western and eastern character sets
Y
Y
Y
Provides Unicode (UTF-16) support
Y
Y
Y
Provides character set mappings
Y
Y
Y
Display and edit data in HEX format
N
N
Y
Online help
Y
Y
Y
Access to expert-level support
Y
Y
Y
Features
Build and tune queries
Script and report generation
Job scheduling and batch processing
Data source management
Create, view, and drop data sources
Code generation and management
Import and export functionality
International character support
Comprehensive help
21
Conclusion
The HP NonStop Enterprise Division (NED) recognizes that the role of database administrator has become increasingly
complex. Database administrators need graphical, feature-rich database management solutions that can automate and
replace ad-hoc tools and manual tasks. For these reasons database management solutions have been developed for the
NonStop SQL/MX platform.
Two HP provided database management solutions are available for managing SQL/MX databases: NSM/web and MXDM.
The third-party solution recommended by NonStop is SQLXPress by Merlon Software. This paper has addressed how
these solutions provide DBAs, developers, database testers and end-users with a graphical, user-friendly means of
performing job-related functions. These solutions can help existing customers increase efficiencies and can significantly
lessen the learning curve involved in moving new customers to SQL/MX.
22
Appendix A: Access and installation instructions
NSM/web
Architectural overview
NSM/web runs on a NonStop server as a small, independent Pathway environment. Many NSM/web files are stored in the
HP NonStop OSS directory hierarchy, and all NSM/web executables run as OSS processes. NSM/web can run under a
traditional TCP/IP or parallel TCP/IP environment and NSM/web uses common object request broker architecture
(CORBA) for Applet communication to the NonStop system.
System requirements:
Client workstation components:
• Nominal memory and disk space is required
• Microsoft Windows® XP, 32-bit or 64-bit Microsoft Windows Vista®, or 32-bit or 64-bit Microsoft Windows 7
• Browsers Internet Explorer (IE) or Firefox
• Java Run Time Environment (JRE) versions 1.5 or higher
NonStop system components:
• NonStop SQL/MX (2.x or later)
Reference material
To learn more about NSM/web, access the following manual:
http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bc/docs/support/SupportManual/c02128607/c02128607.pdf
Software installation
For information on installing NSM/web on the server and client, access the following link:
The operations team of the Advanced Technology Center (ATC) is generally tasked with the job of server-side setup for
internal use of NSM/web. Technical Services (TS) or Solution Development and Implementation (SDI) can perform
NSM/web server-side setup at a customer’s request.
Installation notes
Some users find that NSM/web cannot be automatically accessed from their client workstation after server-side
installation is complete. The following information addresses the most common issues related to accessing and running
NSM/web from a client workstation.
Compatibility issues
NSM/web does not work out-of-the-box for all JRE and IE configurations.
• For Java JRE 1.5.0_XX or later, the Java policy file on the client needs to be manually modified for NSM/web to work.
• For IE versions 8.0 or higher, the browser needs to be placed in compatibility mode.
Configuring the Java policy file
Open program file \Java\JRE<version>\lib\security\java.policy file, where <version> is the particular version running on
the client workstation. Open the file in WordPad, not Notepad, since the file has UNIX®-style line terminators. Also,
ensure the file is edited in text-only mode.
Add the following lines to the end of the file:
// Added to enable NSM/web to work with JRE 1.5.0_XX
grant {
permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "modifyThreadGroup";
permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "modifyThread";
};
The Java policy file issue is due to a defect in the CORBA implementation of Java 1.5.0_XX, NSM/web, which fails with a
security exception. To learn more, go to: http://bugs.sun.com/bugdatabase/view_bug.do?bug_id=6203567.
23
If the policy file is not updated, NSM/web can hang after sending the logon credentials as shown in the following
screenshot.
Compatibility with IE version 8.0 and higher
To access a NonStop server using NSM/web with IE version 8.0 or higher, the browser needs to be placed in compatibility
mode. If the browser is not placed in compatibility mode an error appears when a user tries to logon to a NonStop server.
For example, to access NSM/web from a web browser, a user types a URL containing the IP address of a NonStop Server.
The following is an example: htt p://15.178.195.53/NSMweb/NSMweb.
Once a user sees
the initial logon
screen the user
clicks on the “Log
On” button
as shown
The following error
appears
To place IE in compatibility mode click on the button shown in the following diagram.
The COMPATIBILITY VIEW button is displayed in blue when compatibility mode is turned on.
24
Other issues:
• NSM/web uses CORBA technology, which requires dynamic ports. If a firewall is used between the browser and the
server, dynamic ports are likely to be blocked. To address this issue, starting with version 3.1, SQL/MX allows
requests to be tunneled through two dedicated ports that can be manually configured.
The softdoc description of the new feature is as follows:
1. [H31]
NSM/web now uses two dedicated TCP/IP port numbers for client-server communication.
These port numbers, configured at the time of installation, must be open in the firewall configuration. This
configuration enables NSM/web to be used with the firewall.
Note: If a user still encounters problems accessing a NonStop server after modifying the java.policy file and browsing in compatibility
mode, the user should contact the Global NonStop Solution Center (GNSC) for additional support.
MXDM
MXDM is a graphical database management solution that resides on a client’s workstation and uses an ODBC driver to
access SQL/MX databases. The ODBC driver accesses SQL/MX databases using MXCS.
The following diagram provides an example of how MXDM uses the common ODBC framework to communicate with a
NonStop SQL/MX 3.2 database:
Figure 13. MXDM architecture overview
The steps involved in accessing a NonStop server via MXDM are typical of other ODBC/MX clients. The sequence of events
involved in establishing a connection between MXDM and its server components include:
1.
2.
3.
4.
MXDM sends a connection request to the MXCS service using an ODBC/MX driver. The connection request includes
an IP address or the NonStop server’s DNS name and port number. The port number is defined when the association
server is started. The default port number for the association server is 18650.
The ODBC driver accesses an MXCS association server on the NonStop system. When connecting to a SQL/MX
database using ODBC/MX, the association server is the listener, listening for client connection requests. The job of
this listener is to pass the client connection to a server process.
The association server grants the connection request and associates the client application with a data source
specified when the connection request is made; otherwise the client is passed to a server process in the default
data source (TDM_Default_DataSource).
MXDM sends a connection request to the MXCS SQL server that was assigned by the association server. After user
information is validated, a connection between MXDM and the SQL/MX database is established. Subsequently, users
can view and administer the database and connectivity objects on the system.
25
System requirements
• 512 MB memory
• 10 MB disk space for installation and 64 MB free space
• Microsoft Windows XP, 32-bit or 64-bit Microsoft Windows Vista, or 32-bit or 64-bit Microsoft Windows 7
• MXDM (32-bit version or 64-bit version)
• Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5
– If .NET 3.5 runtime is not available on your system, running setup.exe, used to install MXDM, automatically detects
and installs the .NET 3.5 runtime.
• NonStop ODBC/MX 3.2 driver for Windows to connect to SQL/MX systems
– 32-bit version of MXDM requires the 32-bit ODBC driver
– 64-bit version of MXDM requires the 64-bit ODBC driver
• RMXCI
– To use RMXCI, the JDBC type 4 driver v3.1 must be installed
• NonStop SQL/MX 3.2 or later
Reference material
To learn more about MXDM please access the following web location: hp.com/go/nonstop-docs. From this site users
can search for MXDM.
Accessing MXDM and related software
• MXDM
• ODBC driver (TDMODBC.exe)
• RMXCI
• Java T4 Driver
The software needed to install MXDM can be found in the SQL/MX 3.2 installation CD.
All software components need to be installed in order to fully utilize MXDM. For information on installing MXDM please
search for MXDM from hp.com/go/nonstop-docs. For information on installing RMXCI please search for RMXCI from
hp.com/go/nonstop-docs.
26
SQLXPress
Setting-up SQLXPress is a straightforward process and users are guided through this process via a GUI. SQLXPress
connects to a NonStop database using a native TCP/IP connection and it uses the NonStop system LISTNER or Merlon’s
LISTEN process to listen on a well-known port. If Merlon’s LISTEN process is used, several product specific features, such
as limiting the number of simultaneous users, can be specified. Each connection to a NonStop server starts an instance
of the SQLXPress process that runs on the NonStop server, and handles requests from the client running on a Windows
PC. SQLXPress connects to an Oracle database using Object Linking and Embedding Database (OLE DB) technology.
The following diagram shows the SQLXPress functional flow.
Figure 14. SQLXPress architecture overview
1.
2.
3.
SQLXPress sends a connection request to the NonStop or SQLXPress listener, on the NonStop server, using a native
TCP/IP connection.
The listener passes the client connection to a SQLXPress server process.
SQLXPress (SQLX) Server acts as the proxy for the SQLXPress client, it provides an interface to the other services on
the NonStop server.
Data exchange for SQL/MX (DXMX) is the database driver for SQL/MX. All client and server components of SQLXPress
access SQL/MX via this driver.
Data exchange for SQL/MP (DXMP) is the database driver for SQL/MP. All client and server components of SQLXPress
access SQL/MP via this driver.
System services represents access to facilities which include: NetBatch, Measure, and Guardian.
Merlon scripting language (MSCRIPT) is a host-based program that provides support for executing scripts written in
MSCRIPT. Many background tasks submitted from the client use MSCRIPT to execute scripts generated by the client, for
example, to populate an index, split a partition, duplicate tables and so on. It uses DXMX and DXMP to access NonStop
SQL databases.
Execution plan trawler (PTRAWL) is a host-based program that extracts execution plans for static SQL statements in MX
and MP programs, and stores them in a SQLXPress database.
There are various other PC and host-based programs that are part of SQLXPress but these programs have been omitted
for clarity.
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System requirements:
• Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP
• Internet Explorer version 4 or later
• A TCP/IP connection to a NonStop system
• NonStop SQL/MX (2.3 or later)
• NonStop SQL/MP (350 or later) for NonStop SQL/MP table support
• TCP/IP
Reference material:
Documentation can be accessed through SQLXPress’ online help.
Accessing Merlon Software
Download SQLXPress from www.merlon.com. Users have to contact Merlon customer support for a temporary or
permanent license.
Once the setup program is installed on a client workstation, users are guided through the client-side and server-side
software installation process.
Note: SQLXPress can be installed by any NonStop system user provided the user has the ability to create a catalog.
Installation notes:
There are two steps in the installation process whereby the user may not wish to select default options.
In Step 3 the user installing SQLXPress is asked to provide connection and logon information. In this step the user also
provides an IP address corresponding to the NonStop server on which SQLXPress is being installed.
28
The port number corresponds to Merlon’s listener process. The user installing SQLXPress, however, may wish to use
Merlon’s default listener or NonStop’s default listener process.
If the standard HP-provided LISTNER process is used, the LISTNER process must be stopped for a short time so that the
PORTCONF file can be edited to add an entry for SQLXPress. During this time, connections to other applications using the
standard LISTNER will not be available.
Using the Merlon LISTEN process has a number of advantages over the standard LISTNER process, which include:
• Users can limit the number of concurrent SQLXPress sessions
• Users can specify a subset of CPUs on the system where SQLXPress sessions are started
• Users can specify the process priority for SQLXPress sessions
• Users do not need to interrupt access to other applications in order to change the SQLXPress LISTEN configuration file
In Step 13 the user installing SQLXPress is asked to verify which batch monitor is to be used by SQLXPress.
The Merlon batch monitor can efficiently co-exist with NetBatch. If a user elects to use the Merlon batch monitor, there is
no impact on NetBatch.
If the Merlon Batch Monitor is used, the super id has to configure it to be able to use PRIV log on, so that it can start batch
jobs on behalf of any user. The PRIV log on is required only for the Merlon Batch Monitor, allowing it to start background
processes under user IDs other than the user ID which started the batch monitor. No additional configuration steps are
required to use NetBatch.
29
Appendix B: HP special-purpose tools for database
management
Backup and Restore 2
BACKUP and RESTORE 2 enables users to backup and restore OSS and SQL/MX files.
For more information, see:
DataLoader/MX
DataLoader/MX is a software product that is used to load and maintain NonStop SQL/MP, SQL/MX, and Enscribe
databases.
For more information, check out:
Design Advisor
NonStop Design Advisor is a tool that makes recommendations for the physical database design of SQL/MX databases. It
analyzes data and workloads to obtain the profiles that are relevant for the selection of the following physical database
design components: primary key columns and column ordering, partition key and key boundaries, and secondary and
cover indexes.
DUP
The duplicate utility or DUP is a syntax-based utility that can be executed from mxci. The DUP utility copies SQL/MX
tables and optionally their indexes and constraints.
For more information see:
FASTCOPY
FASTCOPY is a syntax-based utility that can be executed from mxci or from a program using dynamic SQL. The
FASTCOPY TABLE command copies all the rows from one table to an existing equivalent table. RECOVER support is
available for the FASTCOPY utility.
FUP commands
The File Utility Program (FUP) helps users manage disk files, non-disk devices (printers, terminals, and tape drives), and
processes (running programs) on a NonStop system. FUP can be used to create, display, and duplicate files, load data
into files, alter file characteristics, and purge files.
The following commands can be issued using FUP:
RELOAD is used to reload or reorganize tables and indexes.
CREATE is used to create a disk file.
INFO displays disk file characteristics of various files or tables.
RELOAD reorganizes an existing file online.
LISTLOCKS displays information on all locks for a specified file set.
Import
The IMPORT utility imports data from an input file in ASCII or UCS-2 format into an SQL/MX table. This utility supports
OSS large files (files greater than 2 GB) as input files.
LoadRunner
LoadRunner is used to create scenarios in which a user defines the events that occur during a performance testing
session. LoadRunner replaces human users at physical machines with virtual users (Vusers). These Vusers create load on
a system by emulating actions of typical users in a repeatable and predictable manner.
For more information see: http://support.openview.hp.com/selfsolve/manuals
30
Modify: Online and offline
MODIFY is a syntax-based utility that can be executed from mxci. It enables database administrators to perform
partition operations on range and hash partitions of SQL/MX tables and indexes. Depending on the type of operation
being performed, MODIFY can be run as an online or offline operation.
MXEXPORTDDL
MXEXPORTDDL is an OSS command-line utility that captures the metadata and statistics of SQL/MX objects and saves
them in the XML format. This utility supports OSS large files (files greater than 2 GB) as output files. It is used to export
SQL/MX object metadata to an extensible markup language (XML) file for DDL replication, and SQL/MX table statistics to
an XML file for statistics replication.
MXIMPORTDDL
MXIMPORTDDL is an OSS command-line utility that replicates the DDL definition and statistics of SQL/MX objects. It is
used to import SQL/MX object metadata from an XML file for DDL replication and SQL/MX table statistics from an XML
file for statistics replication.
MXTOOL
MXTOOL is an OSS command-line utility that performs various utility functions.
The following commands can be issued using MXTOOL:
FIXUP repairs problems in the SQL/MX database that cannot be repaired by normal operations.
GOAWAY removes Guardian files associated with an SQL/MX object.
VERIFY is used to detect and display inconsistencies in the database.
INFO provides information about SQL/MX files. INFO displays the Guardian file name, the ANSI name, the ANSI
namespace, and the object schema version.
HELP displays helpful information about the mxtool command-line options.
FIXRCB performs a Record Control Block (RCB) fix-up for all the required database objects in catalogs that have an
automatic reference on the local system. The command must be executed by the local super ID.
MXGNAMES utility
MXGNAMES is a Guardian program that is run from a Tandem Advanced Command Language (TACL) prompt or an OBEY
command file. It converts one or more ANSI table names into a list of corresponding Guardian file names, appropriately
formatted for transaction management facility (TMF) or BACKUP/RESTORE 2.
MXCI show commands
SHOW SESSION
The SHOW SESSION command displays attributes for the current mxci session.
SHOWSHAPE
The SET SHOWSHAPE command allows users to display access plans. The effect of SET SHOWSHAPE is to generate the
output of the SHOWSHAPE command for multiple SQL statements.
SHOWCONTROL
The SHOWCONTROL command displays the access plan, controls, and system defaults currently in effect.
31
SHOWDDL
The show data definition language SHOWDDL command displays the DDL syntax used to create a table, view, or stored
procedure as it exists in metadata, including the object’s dependent objects. The output returned by SHOWDDL can be
used as input to mxci to re-create the specified object, including its dependent objects.
SHOWLABEL
The SHOWLABEL command displays file-label information for SQL/MX objects. This information includes the object version,
physical location, and other characteristics. Supported objects are tables, triggers, temporary tables, views, and indexes.
For more information, visit:
NSKBUSY
NonStop System Kernel busy (NSKBUSY) is used to visualize some CPU-related performance activity on a NonStop
system which include: % CPU busy, disc I/Os per second, cache hit rate per second, swaps per second, dispatches per
second, remaining free memory, and CPU queue length. NSKBUSY allows a drill down on process activities of a
specific CPU.
ODB
ODBC database browser (ODB) is a platform independent, multi-threaded, ODBC command line tool that can be used as a
query driver, data loader and extractor, and SQL interpreter.
PAK/UNPAK
The PAK utility compresses NonStop files. PAK compresses Guardian files into a single unstructured archive file on any
Expand-connected NonStop system. Users can create a self-extracting archive file or use UNPAK to decompress the
archive file when needed. PAK efficiently and compactly collects data, which is useful in situations such as transferring
large numbers of files to the Global NonStop Solution Center (GNSC) for analysis.
PAK and UNPAK work directly with BACKUP and RESTORE. For example, PAK uses BACKUP to read files so its syntax is
identical to BACKUP syntax. UNPAK uses RESTORE to decompress files from an archive file.
Populate index
The POPULATE INDEX utility is a syntax-based utility that can be executed from mxci. The POPULATE INDEX utility loads
SQL/MX indexes.
PURGEDATA
PURGEDATA is a syntax-based utility that is executed from mxci. It is used to delete data from a table and its related
indexes or from specified partitions of a table that have no index.
Recover
RECOVER is a syntax-based utility that can be executed from mxci. The RECOVER utility determines the state of a failed
utility operation and executes its recovery procedure. RECOVER completes the failed utility operation by rolling back the
entire operation or by completing the operation.
Remote Database Facility
RDF monitors changes made to a production database on a local (primary) system and maintains a copy of that database
on one or more remote (backup) systems. RDF enables failover to a backup location with no loss of data.
RDF also allows users to use backup databases as read-only resources to balance the overall workload and improve
response times. Activities on a backup system can include querying the database, processing heavy batch-reporting
loads, and consolidating data from multiple sites into one central site.
32
TMFCOM
TMF protects SQL/MX databases by managing database transactions, monitoring database activity through the use of
audit trails, and enabling database recovery. TMF can be administered through the command line interface TMFCOM.
For more information, visit:
Update statistics
UPDATE STATISTICS is a syntax-based utility that can be executed from mxci. UPDATE STATISTICS generates physical
statistics for partitions of SQL/MX tables and histograms for one or more groups of columns within a table. These
statistics are used to devise optimized access plans.
Upgrade or downgrade
UPGRADE is a syntax-based utility that can be executed from mxci. UPGRADE transforms all metadata that is visible on
the local node, from its existing version, to the current schema version for the SQL/MX software version being used. This
includes the schemas in the system catalog. The REPORTONLY option allows users to test if the operation can be
executed without actually performing the operation.
DOWNGRADE is a syntax-based utility that can be executed from mxci. DOWNGRADE transforms all metadata that is
visible on the local node from its existing version to the specified, lower schema version. This includes the schemas in
the system catalog. The REPORTONLY option allows users to test if the operation can be executed without actually
performing the operation.
VQP
Visual Query Planner is a GUI tool used to extract and display execution plans generated by the SQL/MX optimizer for
DML statements.
http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bc/docs/support/SupportManual/c02732019/c02732019.pdf?HPBCMETA
Explain
The EXPLAIN function is a table-valued stored function that returns information about execution plans for SQL data
manipulation language (DML) statements. Output provided by EXPLAIN can be used to for the following purposes:
• Review the chosen execution plan
• Identify problems and tune queries
• Determine whether the optimizer chooses the optimal plan
For more information, see:
http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bc/docs/support/SupportManual/c02732019/c02732019.pdf?HPBCMETA
33
Learn more
To get information on graphical database management solutions, visit hp.com/go/nonstop
Get connected
hp.com/go/getconnected
Current HP driver, support, and security alerts
delivered directly to your desktop
© Copyright 2012 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. The only
warranties for HP products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein
should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein.
Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista, and Window XP are U.S. registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Oracle and Java are registered
trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group.
34
4AA1-1037ENW, Created August 2012

Graphical database management solutions for HP NonStop SQL/MX

Transcription

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