the programme

J S Bach
St Matthew Passion
Saturday 26 March 2016 6.30pm, Hall
Sim Canetty-Clarke
Sir John Eliot Gardiner conductor
Monteverdi Choir
English Baroque Soloists
Trinity Boys Choir
Mark Padmore Evangelist
Stephan Loges Christus
Hannah Morrison soprano
Eleanor Minney alto
Reginald Mobley alto
Clare Wilkinson alto
Alex Ashworth bass
Nicholas Mogg bass
Ashley Riches bass
Jonathan Sells
bass
There will be one 20-minute interval
at the end of Part 1
Part of Barbican Presents 2015–16
Programme produced by Harriet Smith;
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Welcome
Welcome to tonight’s performance of
one of the supreme works in the classical
canon: Bach’s St Matthew Passion.
Sir John Eliot Gardiner’s Bachian credentials
could not be more impeccable, and his
1989 recording of the St Matthew Passion
has long been a benchmark. That was
set down with the ensembles he founded
and which he directs today: the English
Baroque Soloists and Monteverdi Choir,
both of which have changed the very
notion of Baroque performance practice.
Sir John Eliot writes in his programme
notes of the debate surrounding the
way the St Matthew Passion can best be
performed for the secular audiences of
today, arguing strongly that it needs no
staging or visual intervention, but rather
that a performance on a bare stage allows
the audience’s imagination to take wing.
Joining Sir John Eliot are an outstanding lineup of soloists, led by the Evangelist of Mark
Padmore and the Christus of Stephan Loges.
It promises to be an extraordinary evening.
Huw Humphreys
Head of Music
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St Matthew Passion, BWV 244
Bach’s autograph manuscript score of the
St Matthew Passion is a calligraphic miracle.
Phenomenal elegance and fluency of notation
characteristic of Bach in his forties contrast with
passages made in the crabbed, rigid handwriting
of his later eye-damaged years, with corrections
entered on glued-on strips of paper meticulously
inserted. The impression is of a painstakingly
constructed autograph score, worked over,
revised, repaired and left in a condition aspiring
to some sort of ideal.
Programme notes
Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750)
tack, dictated in part by Matthew’s approach,
making much more room for the listener to
process the drama.
3
Bach agrees with (or even instructs) his librettist
Picander at the outset that most arias should
be preceded by an arioso – to form an
intermediate stage, as if to prepare the listener
for the contemplative space which the aria will
occupy. Now there is enough time to savour the
prodigious beauty of each one in turn, the subtle
colouring of the obbligato accompaniments and
Yet, with only this fair-copy score dating from the
the expanded range of emotional and meditative
mid-1730s and one set of performing parts to
response that they encompass. So, instead of
go on, generations of Bach scholars have so far
waiting impatiently for an aria to end and the
been unable to trace the inception, planning or
story to resume, we begin to value the voice urging
successive stages of the Passion’s evolution with
us to identify with the remorse, the outrage and
any degree of certainty. We do not know exactly
the outpouring of grief articulated by individual
who took part in any of the performances given
spokesmen and women in the course of the
under the composer’s direction – neither the
drama, and by the entire community voicing its
make-up of his vocal and orchestral forces, nor
contrition in the chorales. With the liturgy pared
their precise number, nor how they were deployed down to just a few prayers and hymns to open
in the western choir loft of the Thomaskirche. And and close proceedings, and the sermon, for all its
we have no contemporary reaction to it – not the
considerable length, coming at the midway point,
smallest shard of evidence of what people thought this was the ultimate test for him to justify Luther’s
about it at the time.
great claim for music – that its notes ‘make the text
come alive’.
There is a distinct possibility – but no proof – that
the St Matthew Passion was planned as part of
Though he and his musicians were only
his second annual cycle of Leipzig cantatas, that
partially in view of the congregation, Bach’s
of 1724–5, sharing with it an emphasis on chosen was essentially dramatic music: music intended
chorales as the basis or focal point of each
to appeal to – even occasionally assault – the
cantata. The Passion could have been designed
senses of his listeners. From the very beginning
for its centre, like the boss of a shield. Yet it was not of his employment Bach had been warned that
to be: its first airing was delayed by a further two
he ‘should make compositions that were not
years, and Bach went on modifying it in the course theatrical’, yet his purpose was unimpeachable:
of the 1730s and 1740s.
to re-enact the Passion story within his listeners’
minds, to affirm its pertinence to the men and
After consecutive outings in 1724 and 1725 of the
women of his day, addressing their concerns
fast-paced St John Passion in two very different
and fears and directing them towards the solace
versions, and the controversy that seems to have
and inspiration to be found within the Passion
surrounded that work, Bach appears to have been narrative.
minded to come up with something which gave
his listeners more time to reflect and contemplate
Bach balanced the central thread, Matthew’s rebetween scenes in the Gospel accounts. In the
telling of the Passion story, with instant reactions
St Matthew Passion he adopts a less polemical
and more measured reflections from concerned
onlookers, so as to bring it into the present. It
would be hard to better it as an essentially human
drama – one involving immense struggle and
challenge, betrayal and forgiveness, love and
sacrifice, compassion and pity.
...
We cannot tell if it was Bach’s or Picander’s idea
to link the traditional interpretation of Christ as the
allegorical bridegroom (Song of Songs) with that
of his identity as the sacrificial lamb. What we do
know is that Bach’s starting-point – one that he
must have discussed and agreed with Picander at
the outset – is the concept of dialogue, a device he
had already tried out fruitfully in two movements
of his St John Passion and now developed to the
point where it led logically to an eventual division
into two choirs, each with its own supporting
instrumental ensemble.
Bach’s opening chorus is presented to us as an
immense tableau – an aural equivalent, say, to
a grand altarpiece by Veronese or Tintoretto. At
the moment when the first choir refers to Jesus
as a ‘bridegroom’, and then ‘like a lamb’, in an
abrupt expansion of the sound spectrum Bach
brings in a third choir with the chorale ‘O innocent
Lamb of God, unspotted’, sung in unison by a
group of trebles (soprano in ripieno) placed in the
‘swallows’ nest’ organ loft in the Thomaskirche –
then (but now, alas, no longer) situated a whole
nave’s length east of the main performing area.
By choosing to superimpose on his powerful and
evocative lament the timeless Agnus Dei of the
liturgy in its German versification – which would
already have been heard earlier that day at the
conclusion of the morning service – he was able to
contrast the historic Jerusalem as the site of Christ’s
imminent trial and Passion with the celestial city
whose ruler, according to the Apocalypse, is
the Lamb. This is the essential dichotomy – the
innocent Lamb of God and the world of errant
humanity whose sins Jesus must bear – which will
underlie the whole Passion, the fate of the one
yoked to that of the other.
4
Now the biblical narrative can begin. From the
outset we are offered stark new juxtapositions
of texture and sonority – wide-arching secco
recitative for the narrator, a ‘halo’ of four-voiced
strings surrounding each of Jesus’s statements,
tense antiphonal interventions by the crowd, a
reduction to single choir for the disciples and
a coming together again for collective prayer.
Soon we can discern a series of trifoliate patterns
emerging: biblical narrative (in recitative),
comment (in arioso) and prayer (in aria).
Gradually these begin to take on the appearance
of an ordered sequence of discrete scenes, as
though borrowed from contemporary opera,
each one building towards either an individual
(aria) or collective (chorale) response to the
preceding narration.
Bach’s initial musical bridge to the sermon –
after the emphatic double-choir movement ‘Sind
Blitze, sind Donner’, at which point Picander’s
printed libretto ended – was a straightforward
harmonisation of the chorale ‘Jesum lass ich nicht
von mir’. When he came to revise and copy out the
score in the mid-1730s, he must have seen that this
fell a long way short of balancing the structural
mass of his opening chorus. Now came the
decision to replace it with the far more elaborate
chorale fantasia, a setting of Sebald Heyden’s
Passiontide hymn ‘O Mensch, bewein’ dein’ Sünde
gross’. A matching pillar to the grand chorale
prologue was now in place, and as a conclusion
to Part 1 it provided the ideal meditative
opportunity for the Christian community to unite
in contrition, drawing out Luther’s meaning of the
Passion story and acting as a direct response to
Jesus’s last words about ‘fulfilling’ the Scriptures.
...
With the resumption of music after the sermon, it
takes a second or two to realise where we have
got to in the story. Superficially nothing appears
to have changed. The scene is still Gethsemane,
now after nightfall. The Daughter of Zion is found
distractedly searching for her captured lover,
though Jesus, bound hand and foot, has long
since gone, taken to face trial in front of the High
Priests.
As the Passion moves towards its climax, Bach’s
strategy of pulling us into the action (in ariosos),
and then arranging the angles from which we
can contemplate its application to ourselves (in
the arias and chorales), becomes ever clearer. By
settling on a specific voice and selecting a specific
obbligato timbre for each aria – whether solo
Where in the St John Passion Bach ended with
a choral rondo (‘Ruht wohl’) as a reverential
accompaniment to the laying of the Saviour’s
body in the grave – and therefore suggestive of a
full stop of a sort – here, to conclude the Matthew,
he chooses a sarabande. The sensation is one of
continuous movement, as though the entire ritual
of the Passion story has now been heard in the
listener’s conscience and will need to be re-lived
every Good Friday hereafter.
...
Looking back, at the conclusion of the St Matthew
Passion, one is struck by how the character of
Jesus – a much more human figure than the one
portrayed in the St John Passion – is delineated
powerfully and subtly, even when reduced, as in
the whole of Part 2, to three lapidary utterances:
his final ‘Eli, Eli, lama asabthani?’ (‘My God, my
God, why hast thou forsaken me?’) and prior
to that ‘Du sagest’s’ (‘Thou hast said’) – once
to Caiaphas, once to Pilate. Other than that,
Matthew tells us, ‘he answered him nothing.’ Yet
there isn’t a single moment when we are unaware
of his presence. We see him reflected in the eyes
and voices of others, most of all in the moving
summation ‘Truly, this was the Son of God’. As
always, the music is the place to find Bach himself
too. Much as his whole endeavour is to give a
voice to others – the protagonists, the crowd, the
Gospel writer – his own is always present in the
story. We hear it in his fervour, in his empathy with
the suffering of the innocent Christ, in his sense
of propriety, in his choices and juxtapositions of
narrative and commentary and most of all in the
abrupt way he stems the tide of vengeful hysteria,
cutting into Matthew’s narration and interrupting
it with a chorale expressive of profound contrition
and outrage.
Programme notes
There is not a single opera seria of the period
that I have studied or conducted to compare
with Bach’s two surviving Passions, in terms of the
intense human drama and moral dilemma that
he expresses in such a persuasive and deeply
poignant way. Bach took his cue from Luther, who,
knowing from direct experience what it was like
to be persecuted, insisted that Christ’s Passion
‘should not be acted out in words or appearances,
but in one’s own life’.
The search for the most effective ways to present
these hugely demanding works has led in
many instances to a timely abandonment of
the reverential rituals of oratorio performance.
One can understand therefore why some
stage directors have wanted to deconstruct
Bach’s Passions and to explore different ways
of experiencing them. But in projecting these
powerful music dramas via literal ‘enacting’ and
explicit emoting, rather than drawing us in as
active participants experiencing human grief,
guilt and catharsis, they instead turn us into
observers watching a show while representational
characters tell us what we are supposed to be
feeling at any particular moment.
My own approach is based on the conviction that
a negotiation between action and meditation
can be achieved – not by replacing one set of
rituals with another, but through a considered
deployment of the musical forces within a church
or on a concert platform. Give me a bare stage
(not a picture frame) peopled with choristers freed
from their scores and soloists interacting with the
obbligato players, and, I believe, the audience’s
imagination can fill it with images far more
vivid than any scene painter or stage director
can provide. For it is the intense concentration
of drama within the music and the colossal
imaginative force that Bach brings to bear in his
Passions that make them the equal of the greatest
staged dramas: their power lies in what they leave
unspoken. We ignore that at our peril.
Extracts taken from ‘Music in the Castle of Heaven:
A Portrait of Johann Sebastian Bach’ by Sir John Eliot
Gardiner (Allen Lane, 2014)
© Sir John Eliot Gardiner, 2013;
new material © Sir John Eliot Gardiner, 2016
5
violin, flute, oboe (and oboes da caccia) or viola
da gamba – he determines the most appropriate
accompaniment: this might be for the full string
ensemble from either left or right, or subtle
combinations of sonorities. With these arioso/
aria pairings, for all their apparent oppositions
of mood, the chosen instrumental timbre is the
common denominator: a linking of voice and
narrative thread. The kaleidoscopic permutations
of instrumental colour that Bach finds seem to be
boundless.
PART 1
6
1 Chorus
Choir 1
Kommt, ihr Töchter, helft mir klagen! Sehet!
Come, ye daughters, help me mourn! Behold!
Choir 2
Wen?
Whom?
Choir 1
Den Bräutigam! Seht ihn!
The bridegroom! See him!
Choir 2
Wie?
How?
Choir 1
Als wie ein Lamm.
Like a lamb.
Choirs 1 and 2
Kommt, ihr Töchter, helft mir klagen, etc.
Come, ye daughters, help me mourn, etc.
Choir 1
Sehet!
See!
Choir 2
Was?
What?
Choir 1
Seht die Geduld. Sehet!
See his patience. Look!
Choir 2
Wohin?
Whereon?
Choir 1
Auf unsre Schuld.
Upon our guilt.
Choirs 1 and 2
Sehet ihn aus Lieb’ und Huld
Holz zum Kreuze selber tragen.
Kommt, ihr Töchter, helft mir klagen, etc.
See him of his love and grace
himself bear wood for his cross.
Come, ye daughters, help me mourn, etc.
Ripieno
O Lamm Gottes, unschuldig,
Am Stamm des Kreuzes geschlachtet,
Allzeit erfunden geduldig,
Wiewohl du warest verachtet.
All’ Sünd’ hast du getragen,
Sonst müssten wir verzagen.
Erbarm’ dich unser, o Jesu!
O innocent Lamb of God,
slaughtered upon the tree of the cross,
at all times found patient,
although thou wast despised.
Thou hast borne all sin,
else should we have to despair.
Have mercy on us, O Jesus!
Text
2 Recitative
Christus
Ihr wisset, dass nach zweien Tagen Ostern wird,
und des Menschen Sohn wird überantwortet
werden, dass er gekreuziget werde.
When Jesus had finished all these sayings, he
said unto his disciples:
Ye know that after two days is the feast of the
passover, and the Son of man is betrayed to be
crucified.
(Matthew 26: 1–2)
3 Chorale
Herzliebster Jesu, was hast du verbrochen,
Dass man ein solch scharf Urteil hat
gesprochen?
Was ist die Schuld, in was für Missetaten
Bist du geraten?
Beloved Jesu, what hast thou done wrong,
that such a hard sentence is pronounced upon
thee?
What is thy offence, into what misdeeds
art thou fallen?
4a Recitative (Evangelist)
Da versammelten sich die Hohenpriester und
Schrift-gelehrten, und die Ältesten im Volk, in
den Palast des Hohenpriesters, der da hiess
Kaiphas, und hielten Rat, wie sie Jesum mit
Listen griffen und töteten. Sie sprachen aber:
Then assembled together the chief priests, and
the scribes, and the elders of the people, unto
the palace of the high priest, who was called
Caiaphas, and consulted that they might take
Jesus by subtlety, and kill him. But they said:
4b Chorus
Ja nicht auf das Fest, auf dass nicht ein Aufruhr
werde im Volk.
Not on the feast-day, lest there be an uproar
among the people.
4c Recitative (Evangelist)
Da nun Jesus war zu Bethanien, im Hause
Simonis des Aussätzigen, trat zu ihm ein Weib,
die hatte ein Glas mit köstlichem Wasser, und
goss es auf sein Haupt, da er zu Tische sass. Da
das seine Jünger sahen, wurden sie unwillig,
und sprachen:
Now when Jesus was in Bethany, in the house of
Simon the leper, there came unto him a woman
having an alabaster box of very precious
ointment, and poured it on his head, as he sat at
meat. But when his disciples saw it, they had
indignation, saying:
4d Chorus
Wozu dienet dieser Unrat? Dieses Wasser hätte
mögen teuer verkauft, und den Armen gegeben
werden.
To what purpose is this waste? For this ointment
might have been sold for much, and given to the
poor.
4e Recitative
Evangelist
Da das Jesus merkete, sprach er zu ihnen:
When Jesus understood it, he said unto them:
Christus
Was bekümmert ihr das Weib? Sie hat ein gut
Werk an mir getan. Ihr habet allezeit Armen bei
euch, mich aber habt ihr nicht allezeit. Dass sie
dies Wasser hat auf meinen Leib gegossen, hat
sie getan, dass man mich begraben wird.
Wahrlich, ich sage euch: Wo dies Evangelium
geprediget wird in der ganzen Welt, da wird
Why trouble ye the woman? For she hath
wrought a good work upon me. For ye have the
poor always with you; but me ye have not
always. For in that she hath poured this ointment
on my body, she did it for my burial. Verily I say
unto you, wheresoever this gospel shall be
preached in the whole world, there shall also
7
Evangelist
Da Jesus diese Rede vollendet hatte, sprach er
zu seinen Jüngern:
man auch sagen zu ihrem Gedächtnis, was sie
getan hat.
5 Recitative (Alto)
Du lieber Heiland du,
Wenn deine Jünger töricht streiten,
Dass dieses fromme Weib
Mit Salben deinen Leib
Zum Grabe will bereiten,
So lasse mir inzwischen zu,
Von meiner Augen Tränenflüssen
Ein Wasser auf dein Haupt zu giessen!
Dear Saviour,
if thy disciples foolishly dispute,
that this pious woman
with ointment would prepare
thy body for the grave,
then let me meanwhile,
with tears flowing from my eyes,
anoint thy head.
6 Aria (Alto)
Buss’ und Reu’
Knirscht das Sündenherz entzwei,
Dass die Tropfen meiner Zähren
Angenehme Spezerei,
Treuer Jesu, dir gebären.
Repentance and remorse
crush my sinful heart to pieces,
so that my teardrops, faithful Jesus,
sweet spices
may bring forth for thee.
7 Recitative
Evangelist
Da ging hin der Zwölfen einer mit Namen Judas
Iscarioth zu den Hohenpriestern und sprach:
Then one of the twelve, called Judas Iscariot,
went unto the chief priests, and said unto them:
Judas
Was wollt ihr mir geben? Ich will ihn euch
verraten.
What will ye give me, and I will deliver him unto
you?
Evangelist
Und sie boten ihm dreissig Silberlinge. Und von
dem an suchte er Gelegenheit, dass er ihn
verriete.
8 Aria (Soprano)
Blute nur, du liebes Herz!
Ach! ein Kind, das du erzogen,
Das an deiner Brust gesogen,
Droht den Pfleger zu ermorden,
Denn es ist zur Schlange worden.
9a Recitative (Evangelist)
Aber am ersten Tage der süssen Brot traten die
Jünger zu Jesu, und sprachen zu ihm:
9b Chorus
Wo willst du, dass wir dir bereiten, das
Osterlamm zu essen?
8
this, that this woman hath done, be told for a
memorial of her.
(Matthew 26: 3–13)
And they covenanted with him for thirty pieces
of silver. And from that time he sought
opportunity to betray him.
(Matthew 26: 14–16)
O bleed, thou loving heart!
Alas! A child, raised by thee,
that sucked wisdom at thy breast,
threatens to destroy its nurse,
for it has turned serpent.
Now the first day of the feast of unleavened
bread the disciples came to Jesus, saying unto
him:
Where wilt thou that we prepare for thee to eat
the passover?
Text
9c Recitative
Evangelist
Er sprach:
And he said:
Christus
Gehet hin in die Stadt zu einem und sprecht zu
ihm: Der Meister lässt dir sagen: Meine Zeit ist
hier, ich will bei dir die Ostern halten mit meinen
Jüngern.
Go into the city to such a man, and say unto
him, the Master saith, my time is at hand; I will
keep the passover at thy house with my
disciples.
Evangelist
Und die Jünger täten, wie ihnen Jesus befohlen
hatte, und bereiteten das Osterlamm. Und am
Abend satzte er sich zu Tische mit den Zwölfen;
und da sie assen, sprach er:
And the disciples did as Jesus had appointed
them; and they made ready the passover. Now
when the even was come, he sat down with the
twelve. And as they did eat, he said:
Christus
Wahrlich, ich sage euch: Einer unter euch wird
mich verraten.
Verily I say unto you, that one of you shall betray
me.
9d Recitative (Evangelist)
Und sie wurden sehr betrübt, und huben an, ein
jeglicher unter ihnen, und sagten zu ihm:
And they were exceeding sorrowful, and began
every one of them to say unto him:
9e Chorus
Herr, bin ich’s?
Lord, is it I?
10 Chorale
Ich bin’s, ich sollte büssen,
An Händen und an Füssen
Gebunden in der Höll’.
Die Geisseln und die Banden,
Und was du ausgestanden,
Das hat verdienet meine Seel’.
It is I should make atonement,
bound hand and foot
in Hell.
The scourging and the fetters
and all that thou didst suffer,
these my soul deserves.
11 Recitative
Evangelist
Er antwortete und sprach:
And he answered and said:
He that dippeth his hand with me in the dish, the
same shall betray me. The Son of man goeth as
it is written of him; but woe unto that man by
whom the Son of man is betrayed! It had been
good for that man if he had not been born.
Evangelist
Da antwortete Judas, der ihn verriet, und
sprach:
Then Judas, which betrayed him, answered and
said:
Judas
Bin ich’s, Rabbi?
Master, is it I?
9
Christus
Der mit der Hand mit mir in die Schüssel
tauchet, der wird mich verraten. Des Menschen
Sohn gehet zwar dahin, wie von ihm
geschrieben stehet; doch wehe dem Menschen,
durch welchen des Menschen Sohn verraten
wird! Es wäre ihm besser, dass derselbige
Mensch noch nie geboren wäre.
(Matthew 26: 17–22)
Evangelist
Er sprach zu ihm:
He said unto him:
Christus
Du sagest’s.
Thou hast said.
Evangelist
Da sie aber assen, nahm Jesus das Brot,
dankete, und brach’s, und gab’s den Jüngern
und sprach:
And as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and
blessed it, and brake it, and gave it to the
disciples, and said:
Christus
Nehmet, esset, das ist mein Leib.
Take, eat; this is my body.
Evangelist
Und er nahm den Kelch, und dankete, gab
ihnen den, und sprach:
And he took the cup, and gave thanks, and
gave it to them, saying:
10
Christus
Trinket alle daraus; das ist mein Blut des neuen
Testaments, welches vergossen wird für viele,
zur Vergebung der Sünden. Ich sage euch: Ich
werde von nun an nicht mehr von diesem
Gewächs des Weinstocks trinken, bis an den
Tag, da ich’s neu trinken werde mit euch in
meines Vaters Reich.
Drink ye all of it; for this is my blood of the new
testament, which is shed for many for the
remission of sins. But I say unto you, I will not
drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until that
day when I drink it new with you in my Father’s
kingdom.
(Matthew 26: 23–9)
12 Recitative (Soprano)
Wiewohl mein Herz in Tränen schwimmt,
Dass Jesus von mir Abschied nimmt,
So macht mich doch sein Testament erfreut:
Sein Fleisch und Blut, o Kostbarkeit,
Vermacht er mir in meine Hände.
Wie er es auf der Welt mit denen Seinen
Nicht böse können meinen,
So liebt er sie bis an das Ende.
Though my heart is drowned in tears,
because Jesus takes farewell of me,
yet his testament rejoices me:
his flesh and blood, O precious gift,
he bequeaths into my hands.
As, with his own on earth,
he cannot mean them harm,
so to the end he loves them.
13 Aria (Soprano)
Ich will dir mein Herze schenken,
Senke dich, mein Heil, hinein.
Ich will mich in dir versenken;
Ist dir gleich die Welt zu klein,
Ei, so sollst du mir allein
Mehr als Welt und Himmel sein.
I will give my heart to thee,
sink thyself, my Saviour, in it.
I will lose myself in thee;
though earth be all too small for thee,
for me alone, ah, thou shalt be then
more than earth and heaven.
14 Recitative
Evangelist
Und da sie den Lobgesang gesprochen hatten,
gingen sie hinaus an den Ölberg. Da sprach
Jesus zu ihnen:
And when they had sung a hymn, they went out
into the Mount of Olives. Then saith Jesus unto
them:
Christus
In dieser Nacht werdet ihr euch alle ärgern an
mir. Denn es stehet geschrieben: Ich werde den
All ye shall be offended because of me this
night, for it is written, I will smite the shepherd,
(Matthew 26: 30–32)
15 Chorale
Erkenne mich, mein Hüter,
Mein Hirte, nimm mich an!
Von dir, Quell aller Güter,
Ist mir viel Gut’s getan.
Dein Mund hat mich gelabet
Mit Milch und süsser Kost,
Dein Geist hat mich begabet
Mit mancher Himmelslust.
Recognise me, my guardian,
my shepherd, take me to thee,
through thee, fount of all good,
much good is done to me.
Thy mouth has revived me
with milk and sweet sustenance,
thy spirit imbued me
with many a holy longing.
16 Recitative
Evangelist
Petrus aber antwortete, und sprach zu ihm:
Peter answered and said unto him:
Peter
Wenn sie auch alle sich an dir ärgerten, so will
ich doch mich nimmermehr ärgern.
Though all men shall be offended because of
thee, yet will I never be offended.
Evangelist
Jesus sprach zu ihm:
Jesus said to him:
Christus
Wahrlich, ich sage dir: In dieser Nacht, ehe der
Hahn krähet, wirst du mich dreimal verleugnen.
Verily I say unto thee, that this night, before the
cock crow, thou shalt deny me thrice.
Evangelist
Petrus sprach zu ihm:
Peter said unto him:
Peter
Und wenn ich mit dir sterben müsste, so will ich
dich nicht verleugnen.
Though I should die with thee yet I will not deny
thee.
Evangelist
Desgleichen sagten auch alle Jünger.
17 Chorale
Ich will hier bei dir stehen;
Verachte mich doch nicht!
Von dir will ich nicht gehen,
Wenn dir dein Herze bricht.
Wenn dein Herz wird erblassen
Im letzten Todesstoss,
Alsdenn will ich dich fassen
In meinen Arm und Schoss.
18 Recitative
Evangelist
Da kam Jesus mit ihnen zu einem Hofe, der
hiess Gethsemane, und sprach zu seinen
Jüngern:
Text
and the sheep of the flock shall be scattered
abroad. But after I am risen again, I will go
before you into Galilee.
Likewise also said all the disciples.
(Matthew 26: 33–5)
I will stand beside thee here:
do not then despise me!
I will not go from thee,
when thy heart breaks.
When thy heart grows faint
in death’s final agony,
then I will fold thee in my arms
and take thee to my heart.
Then cometh Jesus with them unto a place
called Gethsemane, and saith unto the disciples:
11
Hirten schlagen, und die Schafe der Herde
werden sich zerstreuen. Wenn ich aber
auferstehe, will ich vor euch hingehen in
Galiläam.
Christus
Setzet euch hier, bis dass ich dort hingehe, und
bete.
Sit ye here, while I go and pray yonder.
Evangelist
Und nahm zu sich Petrum, und die zween Söhne And he took with him Peter and the two sons of
Zebedäi, und fing an zu trauern und zu zagen.
Zebedee, and began to be sorrowful and very
Da sprach Jesus zu ihnen:
heavy. Then saith he unto them:
12
Christus
Meine Seele ist betrübt bis an den Tod, bleibet
hier und wachet mit mir.
My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto
death, tarry ye here and watch with me.
(Matthew 26: 36–8)
19 Recitative with Chorus
Tenor
O Schmerz!
Hier zittert das gequälte Herz!
Wie sinkt es hin, wie bleicht sein Angesicht!
O grief!
His heart throbs here in agony.
How his face falls, how it blanches!
Choir 2
Was ist die Ursach’ aller solcher Plagen?
What is the cause of such suffering?
Tenor
Der Richter führt ihn vor Gericht.
Da ist kein Trost, kein Helfer nicht.
The judge brings him to judgment.
There is no comfort, and no helper.
Choir 2
Ach! Meine Sünden haben dich geschlagen!
Alas, my sins have stricken thee!
Tenor
Er leidet alle Höllenqualen,
Er soll vor fremden Raub bezahlen.
He suffers all the pains of Hell,
he must discharge the guilt of others.
Choir 2
Ich, ach Herr Jesu, habe dies verschuldet,
Was du erduldet!
I, alas, Lord Jesus, have deserved
what thou endurest!
Tenor
Ach, könnte meine Liebe dir,
Mein Heil, dein Zittern und dein Zagen
Vermindern oder helfen tragen,
Wie gerne, wie gerne blieb’ ich hier!
Oh, could my love for thee, my Saviour,
make less, or help thee bear,
thy shuddering and thy fear,
how gladly, oh, how gladly would I stay here!
20 Aria (Tenor) with Chorus
Ich will bei meinem Jesu wachen.
I will keep watch with my Jesus.
Choir 2
So schlafen unsre Sünden ein.
So our sins fall to sleep.
Tenor
Meinen Tod büsset seine Seelennot,
Sein Trauren machet mich voll Freuden.
His soul’s distress redeems me from death;
his grief fills me with joy.
His glorious suffering, then, to us
must be full bitter and yet sweet.
21 Recitative
Evangelist
Und ging hin ein wenig, fiel nieder auf sein
Angesicht, und betete, und sprach:
And he went a little farther, and fell on his face,
and prayed, saying:
Christus
Mein Vater, ist’s möglich, so gehe dieser Kelch
von mir; doch nicht wie ich will, sondern wie du
willst.
O my Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass
from me; nevertheless not as I will, but as thou
wilt.
My Saviour falls before his Father;
thereby he raises me – and us all from our fall
into God’s grace once more.
He is ready to taste
the bitterness of death, to drink the cup
into which the sins of this world,
hideously stinking, have been poured,
because it pleases the loving God so.
23 Aria (Bass)
Gerne will ich mich bequemen,
Kreuz und Becher anzunehmen,
Trink’ ich doch dem Heiland nach.
Denn sein Mund,
Der mit Milch und Honig fliesset,
Hat den Grund
Und des Leidens herbe Schmach
Durch den ersten Trunk versüsset.
Gladly will I agree
to take cross and cup upon myself,
if I drink after my Redeemer.
For his mouth,
that flows with milk and honey,
has sweetened the dregs
and the bitter taste of suffering
by drinking first.
24 Recitative
Evangelist
Und er kam zu seinen Jüngern, und fand sie
schlafend, und sprach zu ihnen:
And he cometh unto the disciples, and findeth
them asleep, and saith unto them:
Christus
Könnet ihr denn nicht eine Stunde mit mir
wachen? Wachet und betet, dass ihr nicht in
Anfechtung fallet! Der Geist ist willig, aber das
Fleisch ist schwach.
What, could ye not watch with me one hour?
Watch and pray, that ye enter not into
temptation: the spirit indeed is willing, but the
flesh is weak.
Evangelist
Zum andernmal ging er hin, betete, und sprach:
Christus
Mein Vater, ist’s nicht möglich, dass dieser Kelch
von mir gehe, ich trinke ihn denn, so geschehe
dein Wille.
He went away again the second time, and
prayed, saying:
O my Father, if this cup may not pass away from
me, except I drink it, thy will be done.
(Matthew 26: 40–42)
13
22 Recitative (Bass)
Der Heiland fällt vor seinem Vater nieder;
Dadurch erhebt er mich und alle von unserm
Falle
Hinauf zu Gottes Gnade wieder.
Er ist bereit, den Kelch,
Des Todes Bitterkeit zu trinken,
In welchen Sünden dieser Welt
Gegossen sind, und hässlich stinken,
Weil es dem lieben Gott gefällt.
Text
Choir 2
Drum muss uns sein verdienstlich Leiden
Recht bitter und doch süsse sein.
25 Chorale
Was mein Gott will, das g’scheh’ allzeit,
Sein Will’ der ist der beste;
Zu helfen den’ er ist bereit,
Die an ihn gläuben feste;
Er hilft aus Not,
Der fromme Gott,
Und züchtiget mit Massen.
Wer Gott vertraut,
Fest auf ihn baut,
Den will er nicht verlassen.
What my God wills, so be it always;
his will is best.
He is ready to succour those
who steadfastly believe in him;
He helps in time of need,
the gentle Lord,
and punishes with moderation.
The man who places his trust in God,
and builds upon him surely,
him he will not forsake.
26 Recitative
Evangelist
Und er kam und fand sie aber schlafend, und
ihre Augen waren voll Schlaf’s. Und er liess sie,
und ging abermal hin, und betete zum
drittenmal, und redete dieselbigen Worte. Da
kam er zu seinen Jüngern, und sprach zu ihnen:
And he came and found them asleep again, for
their eyes were heavy. And he left them, and
went away again, and prayed the third time,
saying the same words. Then cometh he to his
disciples and saith unto them:
Christus
Ach! Wollt ihr nun schlafen und ruhen? Siehe,
die Stunde ist hier, dass des Menschen Sohn in
der Sünder Hände überantwortet wird. Stehet
auf, lasset uns gehen: siehe, er ist da, der mich
verrät.
Evangelist
Und als er noch redete, siehe, da kam Judas,
der Zwölfen einer, und mit ihm eine grosse
Schar, mit Schwerten und mit Stangen, von den
Hohenpriestern und Ältesten des Volks. Und der
Verräter hatte ihnen ein Zeichen gegeben, und
gesagt: ‘Welchen ich küssen werde, der ist’s,
den greifet!’ Und alsbald trat er zu Jesu, und
sprach:
And while he yet spake, lo, Judas, one of the
twelve, came, and with him a great multitude
with swords and staves, from the chief priests
and elders of the people. Now he that had
betrayed him gave them a sign, saying,
‘Whomsoever I shall kiss, that same is he; hold
him fast.’ And forthwith he came to Jesus and
said:
Judas
Gegrüsset sei’st du, Rabbi!
Hail, master!
Evangelist
Und küssete ihn.
Jesus aber sprach zu ihm:
And kissed him.
And Jesus said unto him:
Christus
Mein Freund, warum bist du kommen?
Friend, wherefore art thou come?
Evangelist
Da traten sie hinzu, und legten die Hände an
Jesum, und griffen ihn.
14
Sleep on now, and take your rest; behold, the
hour is at hand, and the Son of man is betrayed
into the hands of sinners. Rise, let us be going:
behold, he is at hand that doth betray me.
Then came they, and laid hands on Jesus, and
took him.
(Matthew 26: 43–50)
Text
So now my Jesus is taken.
Choir 2
Lasst ihn, haltet, bindet nicht!
Let him be, stop, do not bind him!
Soprano and Alto
Mond und Licht ist vor Schmerzen untergangen,
Weil mein Jesus ist gefangen.
Moon and stars for sorrow have gone down,
because my Jesus has been taken.
Choir 2
Lasst ihn, haltet, bindet nicht!
Let him be, stop, do not bind him!
Soprano and Alto
Sie führen ihn, er ist gebunden.
They lead him away, he is bound.
27b Chorus
Choirs 1 and 2
Sind Blitze, sind Donner in Wolken
verschwunden?
Eröffne den feurigen Abgrund, o Hölle!
Have thunder and lightning vanished in the
clouds?
Open the fiery abyss, O Hell!
Choir 1
Zertrümmre …
Destroy …
Choir 2
… verderbe …
… ruin …
Choir 1
… verschlinge …
… swallow up …
Choir 2
… zerschelle …
… dash in pieces …
Choir 1
… mit plötzlicher Wut …
… in sudden wrath …
Choir 2
… mit plötzlicher Wut …
… in sudden wrath …
Choirs 1 and 2
… den falschen Verräter, das mördrische Blut!
… the false betrayer, the murderous blood!
28 Recitative
Evangelist
Und siehe, einer aus denen, die mit Jesu waren,
reckete die Hand aus, und schlug des
Hohenpriesters Knecht, und hieb ihm ein Ohr
ab. Da sprach Jesus zu ihm:
And, behold, one of them which were with
Jesus, stretched out his hand and struck a
servant of the high priest’s, and smote off his
ear. Then said Jesus unto him:
Christus
Stecke dein Schwert an seinen Ort; denn wer
das Schwert nimmt, der soll durchs Schwert
umkommen. Oder meinest du, dass ich nicht
Put up again thy sword into his place: for all they
that take the sword shall perish with the sword.
Thinkest thou that I cannot now pray to my
15
27a Duet (Soprano and Alto) with
Chorus
Soprano and Alto
So ist mein Jesus nun gefangen.
könnte meinen Vater bitten, dass er mir
zuschickte mehr denn zwölf Legion Engel? Wie
würde aber die Schrift erfüllet? Es muss also
gehen.
Father, and he shall presently give me more
than twelve legions of angels? But how then
shall the scriptures be fulfilled, that thus it must
be?
Evangelist
Zu der Stund’ sprach Jesus zu den Scharen:
In that same hour said Jesus to the multitudes:
Christus
Ihr seid ausgegangen, als zu einem Mörder, mit
Schwerten und mit Stangen, mich zu fahen; bin
ich doch täglich bei euch gesessen, und habe
gelehret im Tempel, und ihr habt mich nicht
gegriffen. Aber das ist alles geschehen, dass
erfüllet würden die Schriften der Propheten.
Evangelist
Da verliessen ihn alle Jünger, und flohen.
29 Chorale
O Mensch, bewein’ dein’ Sünde gross;
Darum Christus sein’s Vaters Schoss
Äussert, und kam auf Erden.
Von einer Jungfrau rein und zart
Für uns er hie geboren ward,
Er wollt’ der Mittler werden.
Den Toten er das Leben gab,
Und legt’ darbei all’ Krankheit ab,
Bis sich die Zeit herdrange,
Dass er für uns geopfert würd’,
Trüg unsrer Sünden schwere Bürd’
Wohl an dem Kreuze lange.
16
interval 20 minutes
Are ye come out as against a thief with swords
and staves for to take me? I sat daily with you,
teaching in the temple, and ye laid no hold on
me. But all this was done, that the scriptures of
the prophets might be fulfilled.
Then all the disciples forsook him, and fled.
(Matthew 26: 51–6)
O man, weep for thy great sin;
for this did Christ forsake his father’s bosom,
and come on earth.
Of a virgin pure and tender
he was born here for us,
he chose to be the mediator.
He raised men from the dead
and healed the sick
until the hour came
when, for us, he should be sacrificed,
and bear the heavy burden of our sins
full long upon the cross.
Text
PART 2
30 Aria (Alto) with Chorus
Alto
Ach, nun ist mein Jesus hin!
Alas, my Jesus now is gone!
Choir 2
Wo ist denn dein Freund hingegangen,
O du Schönste unter den Weibern?
Where has thy beloved gone,
O thou fairest among women?
Alto
Ist es möglich, kann ich schauen?
Is it possible? Can I believe my eyes?
Choir 2
Wo hat sich dein Freund hingewandt?
Where has thy beloved strayed?
Alto
Ach! Mein Lamm in Tigerklauen!
Ach! Wo ist mein Jesus hin?
Alas, my lamb in tigers’ talons!
Oh, where has my Jesus gone?
Choir 2
So wollen wir mit dir ihn suchen.
Then we will seek him with thee.
Alto
Ach! Was soll ich der Seele sagen,
Wenn sie mich wird ängstlich fragen?
Ach! Wo ist mein Jesus hin?
Alas, what shall I tell my soul,
when it asks me in anguished fear?
Oh, where is my Jesus gone?
And they that had laid hold on Jesus led him
away to Caiaphas, the high priest, where the
scribes and the elders were assembled. But
Peter followed him afar off unto the high priest’s
palace, and went in, and sat with the servants,
to see the end. Now the chief priests, and elders,
and all the council, sought false witness against
Jesus, to put him to death; but found none.
(Matthew 26: 57–60a)
32 Chorale
Mir hat die Welt trüglich gericht’
Mit Lügen und mit falschem G’dicht,
Viel Netz und heimlich Stricke.
Herr, nimm mein wahr in dieser G’fahr,
B’hüt’ mich für falschen Tücken!
The world has played me false
with lies and trickery,
many a snare and secret trap.
Lord, defend me in this peril,
save me from false cunning.
33 Recitative
Evangelist
Und wiewohl viel falsche Zeugen herzutraten,
funden sie doch keins. Zuletzt traten herzu
zween falsche Zeugen, und sprachen:
Yea, though many false witnesses came, yet
found they none. At the last came two false
witnesses, and said:
17
31 Recitative (Evangelist)
Die aber Jesum gegriffen hatten, führeten ihn
zu dem Hohenpriester Kaiphas, dahin die
Schriftgelehrten und Ältesten sich versammelt
hatten. Petrus aber folgete ihm nach von ferne,
bis in den Palast des Hohenpriesters und ging
hinein, und satzte sich bei die Knechte, auf dass
er sähe, wo es hinaus wollte. Die Hohenpriester
aber und Ältesten, und der ganze Rat, suchten
falsche Zeugnis wider Jesum, auf dass sie ihn
töteten, und funden keines.
False Witnesses
Er hat gesagt: Ich kann den Tempel Gottes
abbrechen, und in dreien Tagen denselben
bauen.
This fellow said: I am able to destroy the temple
of God, and to build it in three days.
Evangelist
Und der Hohepriester stund auf, und sprach zu
ihm:
And the high priest arose, and said unto him:
High Priest
Antwortest du nichts zu dem, das diese wider
dich zeugen?
Answerest thou nothing? What is it which these
witness against thee?
Evangelist
Aber Jesus schwieg stille.
But Jesus held his peace.
34 Recitative (Tenor)
Mein Jesus schweigt
Zu falschen Lügen stille,
Um uns damit zu zeigen,
Dass sein Erbarmens voller Wille
Vor uns zum Leider sei geneigt,
Und dass wir in dergleichen Pein
Ihm sollen ähnlich sein,
Und in Verfolgung stille schweigen.
My Jesus keeps silent
faced with false lies,
to show us thereby
that his merciful will
inclines to suffer for us,
and that we in our distress
should do as he,
and under persecution hold our peace.
35 Aria (Tenor)
Geduld, Geduld,
Wenn mich falsche Zungen stechen.
Leid’ ich wider meine Schuld,
Schimpf und Spott,
Ei! So mag der liebe Gott
Meines Herzens Unschuld rächen.
Patience, patience,
when false tongues do sting me.
If, beyond my deserts, I yet must suffer
mockery and abuse,
oh, then, may the dear Lord avenge
my heart’s innocence!
36a Recitative
Evangelist
Und der Hohepriester antwortete, und sprach
zu ihm:
And the high priest answered and said unto
him:
18
High Priest
Ich beschwöre dich bei dem lebendigen Gott,
dass du uns sagest, ob du seiest Christus, der
Sohn Gottes?
(Matthew 26: 60b–63a)
I adjure thee by the living God, that thou tell us
whether thou be Christ, the Son of God.
Evangelist
Jesus sprach zu ihm:
Jesus saith to him:
Christus
Du sagest’s. Doch sage ich euch: Von nun an
wird’s geschehen, dass ihr sehen werdet des
Menschen Sohn sitzen zur Rechten der Kraft,
und kommen in den Wolken des Himmels.
Thou hast said: nevertheless I say unto you,
hereafter shall ye see the Son of man sitting on
the right hand of power, and coming in the
clouds of heaven.
High Priest
Er hat Gott gelästert; was dürfen wir weiter
Zeugnis? Siehe, jetzt habt ihr seine
Gotteslästerung gehöret. Was dünket euch?
He hath spoken blasphemy; what further need
have we of witnesses? Behold, now ye have
heard his blasphemy. What think ye?
Evangelist
Sie antworteten und sprachen:
They answered and said:
36a Chorus
Er ist des Todes schuldig!
He is guilty of death!
36c Recitative (Evangelist)
Da speieten sie aus in sein Angesicht, und
schlugen ihn mit Fäusten. Etliche aber schlugen
ihn ins Angesicht, und sprachen:
Then did they spit in his face, and buffeted him;
and others smote him with the palms of their
hands, saying:
36d Chorus
Weissage, weissage, weissage uns, Christe, wer
ist’s, der dich schlug?
Prophesy unto us, thou Christ, who is he that
smote thee?
(Matthew 26: 63b–68)
37 Chorale
Wer hat dich so geschlagen,
Mein Heil, und dich mit Plagen
So übel zugericht?
Du bist ja nicht ein Sünder,
Wie wir und unsre Kinder;
Von Missetaten weisst du nicht.
Who has beaten thee so,
my Saviour, and with torments
so cruelly vexed and plagued thee?
Thou art no sinner,
as we and our children are,
of misdeeds thou knowest naught.
38a Recitative
Evangelist
Petrus aber sass draussen im Palast; und es trat
zu ihm eine Magd, und sprach:
Now Peter sat without in the palace: and a
damsel came unto him, saying:
First Maid
Und du warest auch mit dem Jesu aus Galiläa.
Thou also wast with Jesus of Galilee.
Evangelist
Er leugnete aber vor ihnen allen, und sprach:
But he denied them all, saying:
Peter
Ich weiss nicht, was du sagest.
I know not what thou sayest.
Evangelist
Als er aber zur Tür hinausging, sahe ihn eine
andere, und sprach, zu denen, die da waren:
Second Maid
Dieser war auch mit dem Jesu von Nazareth.
Text
Then the high priest rent his clothes, saying:
And when he was gone out into the porch,
another maid saw him, and said unto them that
were there:
This fellow was also with Jesus of Nazareth.
19
Evangelist
Da zerriss der Hohepriester seine Kleider, und
sprach:
Evangelist
Und er leugnete abermal, und schwur dazu:
And again he denied with an oath:
Peter
Ich kenne des Menschen nicht.
I do not know the man.
Evangelist
Und über eine kleine Weile traten hinzu, die da
stunden, und sprachen zu Petro:
And after a while came unto him they that stood
by, and said unto Peter:
38b Chorus
Wahrlich, du bist auch einer von denen; denn
deine Sprache verrät dich.
Surely thou also art one of them; for thy speech
betrayeth thee.
38c Recitative
Evangelist
Da hub er an, sich zu verfluchen und zu
schwören:
Peter
Ich kenne des Menschen nicht.
20
Evangelist
Und alsbald krähete der Hahn. Da dachte
Petrus an die Worte Jesu, da er zu ihm sagte:
Ehe der Hahn krähen wird, wirst du mich
dreimal verleugnen. Und ging heraus, und
weinete bitterlich.
Then began he to curse and to swear, saying:
I know not the man.
And immediately the cock crew. And Peter
remembered the word of Jesus, which said unto
him, Before the cock crow, thou shalt deny me
thrice. And he went out, and wept bitterly.
(Matthew 26: 69–75)
39 Aria (Alto)
Erbarme dich, mein Gott,
Um meiner Zähren willen.
Schaue hier, Herz und Auge
Weint vor dich bitterlich.
Have mercy, my God,
for the sake of my tears.
See here before thee,
heart and eyes weep bitterly.
40 Chorale
Bin ich gleich von dir gewichen,
Stell’ ich mich doch wieder ein;
Hat uns doch dein Sohn verglichen
Durch sein’ Angst und Todespein.
Ich verleugne nicht die Schuld,
Aber deine Gnad’ und Huld
Ist viel grösser als die Sünde,
Die ich stets in mir befinde.
Though I turned away from thee,
yet I have again returned;
for thy son has reconciled us
through his agony and mortal pain.
I do not deny my offence,
but thy mercy and thy grace
are much greater than the sin
I find forever present in me.
41a Recitative
Evangelist
Des Morgens aber hielten alle Hohepriester
und die Ältesten des Volks einen Rat über
Jesum, dass sie ihn töteten. Und bunden ihn,
führeten ihn hin, und überantworteten ihn dem
Landpfleger Pontio Pilato. Da das sahe Judas,
der ihn verraten hatte, dass er verdammt war
zum Tode, gereuete es ihn, und brachte
When the morning was come, all the chief
priests and elders of the people took counsel
against Jesus to put him to death. And when
they had bound him, they led him away, and
delivered him to Pontius Pilate, the governor.
Then Judas, which had betrayed him, when he
saw that he was condemned, repented himself,
and brought again the thirty pieces of silver to
the chief priests and elders, saying:
Judas
Ich habe übel getan, dass ich unschuldig Blut
verraten habe.
I have sinned in that I have betrayed the
innocent blood.
Evangelist
Sie sprachen:
And they said:
41b Chorus
Was gehet uns das an? Da siehe du zu.
What is that to us? See thou to that.
41c Recitative
Evangelist
Und er warf die Silberlinge in den Tempel, hub
sich davon, ging hin und erhängete sich selbst.
Aber die Hohenpriester nahmen die Silberlinge,
und sprachen:
And he cast down the pieces of silver in the
temple, and departed, and went and hanged
himself. And the chief priests took the silver
pieces, and said:
42 Aria (Baritone)
Gebt mir meinen Jesum wieder!
Seht, das Geld, den Mörderlohn,
Wirft euch der verlorne Sohn
Zu den Füssen nieder.
43 Recitative
Evangelist
Sie hielten aber einen Rat, und kauften einen
Töpfersacker darum, zum Begräbnis der Pilger.
Daher ist derselbige Acker genennet der
Blutacker, bis auf den heutigen Tag. Da ist
erfüllet, das gesagt ist durch den Propheten
Jeremias, da er spricht: ‘Sie haben genommen
dreissig Silberlinge, damit bezahlet ward der
Verkaufte, welchen sie kauften von den Kindern
Israel; und haben sie gegeben um einen
Töpfersacker, als mir der Herr befohlen hat.’
Jesus aber stund vor dem Landpfleger, und der
Landpfleger fragte ihn, und sprach:
It is not lawful for to put them into the treasury,
because it is the price of blood.
(Matthew 27: 1–6)
Give me back my Jesus!
Behold the money, the wages of murder,
the lost son flings it
down at your feet.
And they took counsel, and bought with them
the potter’s field, to bury strangers in.
Wherefore that field was called the field of
blood, unto this day. Then was fulfilled that
which was spoken by Jeremiah the prophet,
saying, ‘And they took the thirty pieces of silver,
the price of him that was valued, whom they of
the children of Israel did value, and gave them
for the potter’s field, as the Lord appointed me.’
And Jesus stood before the governor, and the
governor asked him, saying:
Pilate
Bist du der Juden König?
Art thou the King of the Jews?
Evangelist
Jesus aber sprach zu ihm:
And Jesus said unto them:
Christus
Du sagest’s.
Thou sayest.
21
Chief Priests
Es taugt nicht, dass wir sie in den Gotteskasten
legen, denn es ist Blutgeld.
Text
herwieder die dreissig Silberlinge den
Hohenpriestern und Ältesten, und sprach:
Evangelist
Und da er verklagt war von den
Hohenpriestern und Ältesten, antwortete er
nichts. Da sprach Pilatus zu ihm:
Pilate
Hörest du nicht, wie hart sie dich verklagen?
Evangelist
Und er antwortete ihm nicht auf ein Wort,
also, dass sich auch der Landpfleger sehr
verwunderte.
44 Chorale
Befiehl du deine Wege
Und was dein Herze kränkt
Der allertreusten Pflege
Des, der den Himmel lenkt.
Der Wolken, Luft und Winden
Gibt Wege, Lauf und Bahn,
Der wird auch Wege finden
Da dein Fuss gehen kann!
45a Recitative
Evangelist
Auf das Fest aber hatte der Landpfleger
Gewohnheit, dem Volk einen Gefangenen
loszugeben, welchen sie wollten. Er hatte aber zu
der Zeit einen Gefangenen, einen sonderlichen
vor andern, der hiess Barabbas. Und da sie
versammelt waren, sprach Pilatus zu ihnen:
Hearest thou not how many things they witness
against thee?
And he answered to him never a word:
insomuch that the governor marvelled greatly.
(Matthew 27: 7–14)
Commend thy ways
and whatever ails thy heart
to the most faithful care
of him who directs the heavens.
He that orders the paths, ways and
courses of the clouds, winds and air,
will find ways also
for thy feet to go!
Now at that feast the governor was wont to
release unto the people a prisoner, whom they
would. And they had then a notable prisoner,
called Barabbas. Therefore when they were
gathered together, Pilate said unto them:
Pilate
Welchen wollet ihr, dass ich euch losgebe?
Barabbam, oder Jesum, von dem gesaget wird,
er sei Christus?
Whom will ye that I release unto you? Barabbas,
or Jesus which is called Christ?
Evangelist
Denn er wusste wohl, dass sie ihn aus Neid
überantwortet hatten. Und da er auf dem
Richtstuhl sass, schickete sein Weib zu ihm und
liess ihm sagen:
For he knew that for envy they had delivered
him. When he was set down on the judgement
seat, his wife sent unto him, saying:
Pilate’s Wife
Habe du nichts zu schaffen mit diesem
Gerechten, ich habe heute viel erlitten im Traum
von seinetwegen!
22
And when he was accused of the chief priests
and elders, he answered nothing. Then Pilate
said unto him:
Evangelist
Aber die Hohenpriester und die Ältesten
überredeten das Volk, dass sie um Barabbas
bitten sollten, und Jesum umbrächten. Da
antwortete nun der Landpfleger, und sprach zu
ihnen:
Have thou nothing to do with that just man, for I
have suffered many things this day in a dream
because of him!
But the chief priests and elders persuaded the
multitude that they should ask Barabbas, and
destroy Jesus. The governor answered and said
unto them:
Which of the twain will ye that I release unto
you?
Evangelist
Sie sprachen:
They said:
Chorus
Barabbam!
Barabbas!
Evangelist
Pilatus sprach zu ihnen:
Pilate saith unto them:
Pilate
Was soll ich denn machen mit Jesu, von dem
gesagt wird, er sei Christus?
What shall I do then with Jesus which is called
Christ?
Evangelist
Sie sprachen alle:
They all said unto him:
45b Chorus
Lass ihn kreuzigen!
Let him be crucified!
46 Chorale
Wie wunderbarlich ist doch diese Strafe!
Der gute Hirte leidet für die Schafe,
Die Schuld bezahlt der Herre, der Gerechte,
Für seine Knechte.
How wondrous strange indeed is this punishment!
The good shepherd suffers for the sheep,
the master, upright and just,
pays his servant’s debt.
47 Recitative
Evangelist
Der Landpfleger sagte:
And the governor said:
Pilate
Was hat er denn Übels getan?
Why, what evil hath he done?
48 Recitative (Soprano)
Er hat uns allen wohlgetan.
Den Blinden gab er das Gesicht,
Die Lahmen macht’ er gehend;
Er sagt’ uns seines Vaters Wort,
Er trieb die Teufel fort;
Betrübte hat er aufgericht;
Er nahm die Sünder auf und an;
Sonst hat mein Jesus nichts getan.
He has done good to us all.
To the blind he gave sight,
he made the lame to walk;
he preached his Father’s word to us,
he cast out evil spirits;
the downcast he took up;
he raised and took unto him sinners;
else has my Jesus nothing done.
49 Aria (Soprano)
Aus Liebe will mein Heiland sterben
Von einer Sünde weiss er nichts,
Dass das ewige Verderben
Und die Strafe des Gerichts
Nicht auf meiner Seele bliebe.
For love will my Redeemer die
(he is unacquainted with sin),
so that eternal damnation
and the penalty of judgement
may not rest upon my soul.
Text
Pilate
Welchen wollt ihr unter diesen zweien, den ich
euch soll losgeben?
(Matthew 27: 15–22)
23
(Matthew 27: 23a)
50a Recitative (Evangelist)
Sie schrieen aber noch mehr, und sprachen:
But they cried out the more, saying:
50b Chorus
Lass ihn kreuzigen!
Let him be crucified!
50c Recitative
Evangelist
Da aber Pilatus sahe, dass er nichts schaffete,
sondern dass ein viel grösser Getümmel ward,
nahm er Wasser, und wusch die Hände vor dem
Volk, und sprach:
When Pilate saw that he could prevail nothing,
but that rather a tumult was made, he took
water, and washed his hands before the
multitude, saying:
Pilate
Ich bin unschuldig an dem Blut dieses Gerechten:
sehet ihr zu.
I am innocent of the blood of this just person:
see ye to it.
Evangelist
Da antwortete das ganze Volk, und sprach:
Then answered all the people, and said:
50d Chorus
Sein Blut komme über uns und unsre Kinder!
His blood be on us, and on our children!
24
50e Recitative (Evangelist)
Da gab er ihnen Barabbam los; aber Jesum
liess er geisseln, und überantwortete ihn, dass
er gekreuziget würde.
Then released he Barabbas unto them: and
when he had scourged Jesus, he delivered him
to be crucified.
(Matthew 27: 23b–26)
51 Recitative (Alto)
Erbarm es Gott!
Hier steht der Heiland angebunden.
O Geisselung, o Schläg, o Wunden!
Ihr Henker, haltet ein!
Erweichet euch der Seelen Schmerz,
Der Anblick solches Jammers nicht?
Ach ja! Ihr habt ein Herz,
Das muss der Martersäule gleich
Und noch viel härter sein.
Erbarmt euch, haltet ein!
Have mercy O God!
Here stands the Saviour bound.
O scourging, O blows, O wounds!
You butchers, stay your hands!
Does the suffering of his soul and the
sight of such distress not soften you?
Why, yes, you have hearts!
They must be like the pillar of his martyrdom,
and harder yet by far.
Have mercy, stay your hands!
52 Aria (Alto)
Können Tränen meiner Wangen
Nichts erlangen,
O, so nehmt mein Herz hinein!
Aber lasst es bei den Fluten,
Wenn die Wunden milde bluten,
Auch die Opferschale sein.
If the tears on my cheeks
are of no avail,
oh then, take my heart!
But let it also be the sacrificial chalice
for the drops that flow
from his gently bleeding wounds.
53a Recitative (Evangelist)
Da nahmen die Kriegsknechte des Landpflegers
Jesum zu sich in das Richthaus, und sammelten
über ihn die ganze Schar; und zogen ihn aus,
und legeten ihm einen Purpurmantel an; und
flochten eine Dornenkrone, und setzten sie auf
sein Haupt, und ein Rohr in seine rechte Hand,
Then the soldiers of the governor took Jesus into
the common hall, and gathered unto him the
whole band of soldiers; and they stripped him,
and put on him a scarlet robe; and when they
had plaited a crown of thorns, they put it upon
his head, and a reed in his right hand, and they
bowed the knee before him, and mocked him,
saying:
53b Chorus
Gegrüsset seist du, Judenkönig!
Hail, King of the Jews!
Text
und beugeten die Knie vor ihm, und spotteten
ihn, und sprachen:
53c Recitative (Evangelist)
Und speieten ihn an, und nahmen das Rohr, und And they spat upon him, and took the reed, and
schlugen damit sein Haupt.
smote him on the head.
(Matthew 27: 27–30)
54 Chorale
O Haupt voll Blut und Wunden,
Voll Schmerz und voller Hohn!
O Haupt, zu Spott gebunden
Mit einer Dornenkron’!
O Haupt, sonst schön gezieret
Mit höchster Ehr’ und Zier,
Jetzt aber hoch schimpfieret:
Gegrüsset seist du mir!
O head marked with blood and wounds,
full of pain and scorned!
O head, bound for mockery
with a crown of thorns!
O head, once splendidly adorned
with highest honour and radiance,
but now how greatly outraged:
receive my homage!
Du edles Angesichte,
Dafür sonst schrickt und scheut
Das grosse Weltgewichte,
Wie bist du so bespeit!
Wie bist du so erbleichet,
Wer hat dein Augenlicht,
Dem sonst kein Licht nicht gleichet,
So schändlich zugericht’?
Thou noble countenance,
before which, otherwhiles,
the last tremendous judgement recoils
and is affrighted, how art thou spat upon!
How is it thou art so pallid and so wan?
Who has so shamefully obscured
the light of thine eyes, the which no other light
can equal, to such a pitiful state?
And after that they had mocked him, they took
the robe off from him, and put his own raiment
on him, and led him away to crucify him. And as
they came out, they found a man of Cyrene,
Simon by name: him they compelled to bear his
cross.
(Matthew 27: 31–2)
56 Recitative (Baritone)
Ja, freilich will in uns das Fleisch und Blut
Zum Kreuz gezwungen sein;
Je mehr es unsrer Seele gut,
Je herber geht es ein.
Yea, this flesh and blood of ours
will gladly be compelled to bear the cross;
the better for our souls it is,
the bitterer it is.
57 Aria (Baritone)
Komm, süsses Kreuz, so will ich sagen,
Mein Jesu, gib es immer her!
Wird mir mein Leiden einst zu schwer,
So hilfst du mir es selber tragen.
Come, sweet cross, then I will say,
my Jesus, lay it on me!
Should my suffering ever prove too great
help thou me then to bear it.
58a Recitative (Evangelist)
Und da sie an die Stätte kamen mit Namen
Golgatha, das ist verdeutschet Schädelstätt’,
gaben sie ihm Essig zu trinken mit Gallen
vermischet; und da er’s schmeckete, wollte er’s
And when they were come unto a place called
Golgotha, that is to say, a place of a skull, they
gave him vinegar to drink mingled with gall;
and when he had tasted thereof, he would
25
55 Recitative (Evangelist)
Und da sie ihn verspottet hatten, zogen sie ihm
den Mantel aus, und zogen ihm sein Kleider an,
und führeten ihn hin, dass sie ihn kreuzigten. Und
indem sie hinausgingen, funden sie einen
Menschen von Kyrene, mit Namen Simon; den
zwungen sie, dass er ihm sein Kreuz trug.
nicht trinken. Da sie ihn aber gekreuziget hatten,
teilten sie seine Kleider, und wurfen das Los
darum; auf dass erfüllet würde, das gesagt ist
durch den Propheten: ‘Sie haben meine Kleider
unter sich geteilet, und über mein Gewand
haben sie das Los geworfen.’ Und sie sassen
allda, und hüteten sein. Und oben zu seinen
Häupten hefteten sie die Ursach seines Todes
beschrieben, nämlich: ‘Dies ist Jesus, der Juden
König.’ Und da wurden zween Mörder mit ihm
gekreuziget, einer zur Rechten, und einer zur
Linken. Die aber vorübergingen lästerten ihn,
und schüttelten ihre Köpfe, und sprachen:
58b Chorus
Der du den Tempel Gottes zerbrichst, und
bauest ihn in dreien Tagen, hilf dir selber! Bist
du Gottes Sohn, so steig herab vom Kreuz!
58c Recitative (Evangelist)
Desgleichen auch die Hohenpriester spotteten
sein, samt den Schriftgelehrten und Ältesten,
und sprachen:
58d Chorus
Andern hat er geholfen, und kann ihm selber nicht
helfen. Ist er der König Israel, so steige er nun vom
Kreuz, so wollen wir ihm glauben. Er hat Gott
vertrauet, der erlöse ihn nun, lüstet’s ihn; denn er
hat gesagt: Ich bin Gottes Sohn.
26
58e Recitative (Evangelist)
Desgleichen schmäheten ihn auch die Mörder,
die mit ihm gekreuziget waren.
not drink. And they crucified him and parted
his garments, casting lots; that it might be
fulfilled which was spoken by the prophets:
‘They parted my garments among them, and
upon my vesture did they cast lots.’ And
sitting down they watched him there.
And set up over his head his accusation written:
‘This is Jesus the King of the Jews.’ Then were
there two thieves crucified with him, one on the
right hand, and another on the left. And they
that passed by reviled him, wagging their
heads, and saying:
Thou that destroyest the temple, and buildest it
in three days, save thyself. If thou be the Son of
God, come down from the cross.
Likewise also the chief priests mocking him, with
the scribes and elders said:
He saved others: himself he cannot save. If he
be the King of Israel, let him now come down
from the cross, and we will believe him. He
trusted in God; let him deliver him now, if he will
have him: for he said, I am the Son of God.
The thieves also, which were crucified with him,
cast the same in his teeth.
(Matthew 27: 33–44)
59 Recitative (Alto)
Ach, Golgatha, unsel’ges Golgatha!
Der Herr der Herrlichkeit
Muss schimpflich hier verderben,
Der Segen und das Heil der Welt
Wird als ein Fluch ans Kreuz gestellt.
Der Schöpfer Himmels und der Erden
Soll Erd und Luft entzogen werden;
Die Unschuld muss hier schuldig sterben:
Das gehet meiner Seele nah:
Ach, Golgatha, unsel’ges Golgatha!
Ah, Golgotha, unhappy Golgotha!
The King of Glory
must basely pass away here,
the blessing and salvation of the world
is set, like a curse, upon the cross.
The maker of heaven and earth
shall be deprived of earth and air;
the guiltless one must die here guilty:
it pierces my soul to the very quick.
Ah, Golgotha, unhappy Golgotha!
60 Aria (Alto) with Chorus
Alto
Sehet! Sehet, Jesus hat die Hand,
Uns zu fassen ausgespannt; kommt!
Behold! See, Jesus has his hand
outstretched to grasp us; come!
Choir 2
Wohin?
Where?
In Jesu’s arms.
Seek salvation, receive grace;
seek!
Choir 2
Wo?
Where?
Alto
In Jesu Armen.
Lebet, lebet, sterbet, ruhet hier,
Ihr verlass’nen Küchlein ihr,
Bleibet …
In Jesu’s arms.
Live, live, die, repose here,
ye forsaken lambs ye,
remain …
Choir 2
Wo?
Where?
Alto
… in Jesu Armen.
… in Jesu’s arms.
61a Recitative
Evangelist
Und von der sechsten Stunde an war eine
Finsternis über das ganze Land, bis zu der
neunten Stunde. Und um die neunte Stunde
schriee Jesus laut, und sprach:
Now from the sixth hour there was darkness
over all the land unto the ninth hour. And about
the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice,
saying:
Christus
Eli, Eli, lama asabthani?
Eli, Eli, lama asabthani?
Text
Alto
In Jesu Armen.
Sucht Erlösung, nehmt Erbarmen;
Suchet!
Evangelist
Das ist: Mein Gott, mein Gott, warum hast du
That is to say, my God, my God, why hast thou
mich verlassen? Etliche aber, die da standen, da forsaken me? Some of them that stood there,
sie das höreten, sprachen sie:
when they heard that, said:
61b Chorus
Der rufet dem Elias!
This man calleth for Elias!
61c Recitative (Evangelist)
Und bald lief einer unter ihnen, nahm einen
And straightway one of them ran, and took a
Schwamm, und füllete ihn mit Essig, und steckete sponge, and filled it with vinegar, and put it on a
ihn auf ein Rohr, und tränkete ihn. Die Andern
reed, and gave him to drink. The rest said:
aber sprachen:
61e Recitative (Evangelist)
Aber Jesus schriee abermal laut, und verschied.
62 Chorale
Wenn ich einmal soll scheiden,
So scheide nicht von mir.
Let be, let us see whether Elias will come to save
him.
Jesus, when he had cried again with a loud
voice, yielded up the ghost.
(Matthew 27: 45–50)
When at last I must depart,
depart thou not then from me.
27
61d Chorus
Halt, halt, lass sehen, ob Elias komme, und ihm
helfe?
Wenn ich den Tod soll leiden,
So tritt du dann herfür!
Wenn mir am allerbängsten
Wird um das Herze sein,
So reiss mich aus den Ängsten
Kraft deiner Angst und Pein!
When I must endure death,
hasten thou then hither!
When my heart
is most afraid,
snatch me out of anguish
through thine own anguish and pain!
63a Recitative (Evangelist)
Und siehe da, der Vorhang im Tempel zerriss in
zwei Stück, von obenan bis untenaus; und die
Erde erbebete, und die Felsen zerrissen, und die
Gräber täten sich auf, und stunden auf viel
Leiber der Heiligen, die da schliefen; und
gingen aus den Gräbern nach seiner
Auferstehung, und kamen in die heilige Stadt,
und erschienen vielen. Aber der Hauptmann,
und die bei ihm waren, und bewahreten Jesum,
da sie sahen das Erdbeben, und was da
geschah, erschraken sie sehr, und sprachen:
And, behold, the veil of the temple was rent in
twain from the top to the bottom; and the earth
did quake, and the rocks rent; and the graves
were opened; and many bodies of the saints
which slept arose, and came out of the graves
after his resurrection, and went into the holy city,
and appeared unto many. Now when the
centurion, and they that were with him, watching
Jesus, saw the earthquake, and those things that
were done, they feared greatly, saying:
63b Chorus
Wahrlich, dieser ist Gottes Sohn gewesen.
63c Recitative (Evangelist)
Und es waren viel Weiber da, die von ferne
zusahen, die da waren nachgefolget aus
Galiläa, und hatten ihm gedienet; unter welchen
war Maria Magdalena, und Maria, die Mutter
Jacobi und Joses, und die Mutter der Kinder
Zebedäi. Am Abend aber kam ein reicher
Mann von Arimathia, der hiess Joseph, welcher
auch ein Jünger Jesu war, der ging zu Pilato,
und bat ihn um den Leichnam Jesu. Da befahl
Pilatus, man sollte ihm ihn geben.
28
64 Recitative (Bass)
Am Abend, da es kühle war,
Ward Adams Fallen offenbar;
Am Abend drücket ihn der Heiland nieder;
Am Abend kam die Taube wieder
Und trug ein Ölblatt in dem Munde.
O schöne Zeit! O Abendstunde!
Der Friedensschluss ist nun mit Gott gemacht:
Denn Jesus hat sein Kreuz vollbracht.
Sein Leichnam kömmt zur Ruh.
Ach! Liebe Seele, bitte du,
Geh, lasse dir den toten Jesum schenken,
O heilsames, o köstlich’s Angedenken!
Truly, this was the Son of God.
And many women were there beholding afar
off, which followed Jesus from Galilee,
ministering unto him; among which was Mary
Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James
and Joses, and the mother of Zebedee’s
children. When the even was come, there came
a rich man of Arimathaea, named Joseph, who
also himself was Jesus’s disciple. He went to
Pilate, and begged the body of Jesus. Then
Pilate commanded the body to be delivered.
(Matthew 27: 51–8)
At evening, when it was cool,
Adam’s fall was manifest;
at evening the Saviour redeemed it;
at evening the dove returned again
bearing an olive leaf in its beak.
O lovely time! O evening hour!
Peace with God is now concluded;
for Jesus has endured his cross;
his body comes to rest.
O dear soul, ask thou,
go, bid them give thee the dead Jesus,
O most holy, O precious memorial!
Purify thyself, my heart,
I myself will bury Jesus.
For he shall henceforth
evermore
sweetly take his rest in me.
World, go hence, let Jesus in!
66a Recitative (Evangelist)
Und Joseph nahm den Leib, und wickelte ihn in
ein rein Leinwand, und legte ihn in sein eigen
neu Grab, welches er hatte lassen in einen Fels
hauen; und wälzete einen grossen Stein vor die
Tür des Grabes, und ging davon. Es war aber
allda Maria Magdalena, und die andere
Maria, die satzten sich gegen das Grab. Des
andern Tages, der da folget nach dem
Rüsttage, kamen die Hohenpriester und
Pharisäer sämtlich zu Pilato, und sprachen:
And when Joseph had taken the body, he
wrapped it in a clean linen cloth, and laid it in
his own new tomb, which he had hewn in the
rock; and he rolled a great stone to the door of
the sepulchre, and departed. And there was
Mary Magdalene, and the other Mary, sitting
over against the sepulchre. Now the next day,
that followed the day of the preparation, the
chief priests and Pharisees came together unto
Pilate, saying:
66b Chorus
Herr, wir haben gedacht, dass dieser Verführer
sprach, da er noch lebete: Ich will nach dreien
Tagen wieder auferstehen. Darum befiehl, dass
man das Grab verwahre bis an den dritten Tag,
auf dass nicht seine Jünger kommen, und
stehlen ihn, und sagen zu dem Volk: Er ist
auferstanden von den Toten; und werde der
letzte Betrug ärger, denn der erste!
66c Recitative
Evangelist
Pilatus sprach zu ihnen:
Text
65 Aria (Bass)
Mache dich, mein Herze, rein,
Ich will Jesum selbst begraben.
Denn er soll nunmehr in mir
Für und für
Seine süsse Ruhe haben.
Welt, geh’ aus, lass Jesum ein!
Sir, we remember that that deceiver said, while
he was yet alive, After three days I will rise
again. Command therefore that the sepulchre
be made sure until the third day, lest his disciples
come by night, and steal him away, and say
unto the people, he is risen from the dead: so
the last error shall be worse than the first!
Pilate said unto them:
Pilate
Da habt ihr die Hüter; gehet hin, und verwahret’s, Ye have a watch; go your way, make it as sure
wie ihr wisset.
as ye can.
So they went, and made the sepulchre sure,
sealing the stone and setting a watch.
(Matthew 27: 59–66)
67 Recitative (Soprano, Alto, Tenor and
Bass) with Chorus
Bass
Nun ist der Herr zur Ruh’ gebracht.
Now the Lord is laid to rest.
Choir 2
Mein Jesu, mein Jesu, gute Nacht!
My Jesu, now goodnight!
Tenor
Die Müh’ ist aus, die unsre Sünden ihm
gemacht.
The toil our sins did make for him is done.
29
Evangelist
Sie gingen hin, und verwahreten das Grab mit
Hütern, und versiegelten den Stein.
Choir 2
Mein Jesu, mein Jesu, gute Nacht!
Alto
O selige Gebeine,
Seht, wie ich euch mit Buss und Reu beweine,
Dass euch mein Fall in solche Not gebracht!
30
Choir 2
Mein Jesu, mein Jesu, gute Nacht!
My Jesu, now goodnight!
O sacred body,
see how, repentant and filled with remorse, I
mourn thee, that my fall should have brought
thee to such distress!
My Jesu, now goodnight!
Soprano
Habt lebenslang
Vor euer Leiden tausend Dank,
Dass ihr mein Seelenheil so wert geacht’.
As long as life shall last, be thanked
for thy passion a thousand times,
that thou held’st my soul’s welfare so dear.
Choir 2
Mein Jesu, mein Jesu, gute Nacht!
My Jesu, now goodnight!
68 Chorus
Choirs 1 and 2
Wir setzen uns mit Tränen nieder
Und rufen dir im Grabe zu:
Ruhe sanfte, sanfte ruh’!
We sit upon the ground in tears
and call to thee in the grave:
sweet repose, rest sweetly!
Choir 1
Ruh’t, ihr ausgesognen Glieder!
Rest, you weary limbs!
Choir 2
Ruhet sanfte, ruhet wohl!
Gently rest, rest well!
Choir 1
Euer Grab und Leichenstein
Soll dem ängstlichen Gewissen
Ein bequemes Ruhekissen
Und der Seelen Ruhstatt …
Your sepulchre and tombstone
to the troubled conscience
a soft pillow
and for the soul a resting place …
Choir 1
Ruhet sanfte, sanfte ruh’t!
Rest sweetly, sweet repose!
Choir 1
… der Seelen Ruhstatt sein.
Höchst vergnügt,
Schlummern da die Augen ein.
… for the soul a resting place shall be.
In highest contentment,
eyes close there in slumber.
Choirs 1 and 2
Wir setzen uns mit Tränen nieder
Und rufen dir im Grabe zu:
Ruhe sanfte, sanfte ruh’!
We sit upon the ground in tears
and call to thee in the grave:
sweet repose, rest sweetly!
Text by Christian Friedrich Henrici, alias Picander
(1700–64), and the Gospel according to
St Matthew, Chapters 26 and 27
Translation of the Picander text by Peggy Cochrane,
reproduced by kind permission of Decca
International
Sim Canetty-Clarke
and of King’s College, Cambridge. In 2008
he received the prestigious Royal Academy of
Music Bach Prize. He was made Chevalier de
la Légion d’honneur in 2011 and was given
the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of
Germany in 2005. In the UK, he was made a
Commander of the British Empire in 1990 and
awarded a knighthood for his services to music
in the 1998 Queen’s Birthday Honours List.
In 2013, following the publication of his longawaited book on Bach, Music in the Castle of
Heaven (Penguin), he won the Critics’ Circle’s
Outstanding Musician award. In 2014 he became
the first ever President of the Bach Archive in
Leipzig. He became the inaugural Christoph
Wolff Distinguished Visiting Scholar at Harvard
University in 2014/15 and has recently been
awarded the Amsterdam Concertgebouw Prize.
Sir John Eliot Gardiner
Sir John Eliot Gardiner conductor
In recognition of his work, Sir John Eliot Gardiner
has received several international prizes, and
honorary doctorates from the University of
Cambridge, the University of Lyon, the New
England Conservatory of Music, the University
of Pavia and the University of St Andrews.
He is an Honorary Member of the Royal
Academy of Music, an Honorary Fellow of
King’s College, London, of the British Academy
Mark Padmore
Mark Padmore Evangelist
Mark Padmore has an international career in
opera, concert and recital. His appearances in
Bach’s Passions have gained particular notice,
especially his acclaimed performances as the
Evangelist in the St Matthew and St John Passions
with the Berlin Philharmonic under Sir Simon
Rattle, in Peter Sellars’s staging, which he has
performed in Berlin, Salzburg, New York and at
the BBC Proms.
He appears with the world’s leading orchestras,
including the Munich Radio Orchestra, the
31
The extent of his repertoire is illustrated by over
250 recordings for major record companies and
by numerous international awards including the
Gramophone Special Achievement Award for
live recordings of the complete church cantatas
of J S Bach on the Soli Deo Gloria label.
Marco Borggreve
Sir John Eliot Gardiner is one of the most
versatile and sought after conductors of our time.
Founder and artistic director of the Monteverdi
Choir, the English Baroque Soloists and the
Orchestre Révolutionnaire et Romantique,
he appears regularly with leading symphony
orchestras such as the Leipzig Gewandhaus,
London Symphony, Royal Concertgebouw
and Bayerischer Rundfunk orchestras and at
the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden.
Acknowledged as a key figure in the early music
revival of the past four decades, he has led his
own ensembles in a number of groundbreaking
projects and international tours, including
the year-long Bach Cantata Pilgrimage.
About the performers
About the performers
Berlin, New York and Vienna Philharmonic
orchestras, London Symphony Orchestra, Royal
Concertgebouw Orchestra, Philharmonia and
Orchestra of the Age of Enlightenment.
Camerata; and Father Trulove (The Rake’s
Progress) on a European tour. Recitals include
a return to the Wigmore Hall and a series
of concerts at the Oxford Lieder Festival.
Recent opera highlights include Sir Harrison
Birtwistle’s The Corridor and The Cure (Aldeburgh
Festival and London); Handel’s Jephtha (Welsh
National Opera and English National Opera);
Captain Vere (Billy Budd) and the Evangelist in
a staged St Matthew Passion (Glyndebourne
Festival); Peter Quint in an acclaimed BBC TV
production of Britten’s The Turn of the Screw and
a recording of the title-role in La clemenza di Tito
under René Jacobs for Harmonia Mundi. Plans
include George Benjamin’s Written on Skin at the
Royal Opera House, Covent Garden.
Recent highlights include Britten’s War Requiem
with the Melbourne and Sapporo Symphony
orchestras; Mozart’s Requiem with the Auckland
Philharmonic Orchestra under Bernard Labadie
and his Mass in C minor with Olari Elts in
Portugal; Beethoven’s Symphony No 9 and
Penderecki’s Three Chinese Songs with the Ulster
Orchestra; Berlioz’s L’enfance du Christ with the
Swedish Radio Symphony Orchestra and Robin
Ticciati; Haydn’s The Creation with the Salzburg
Mozarteum Orchestra, The Seasons with the
Semperoper Dresden and The Seven Last Words
with the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra; Kaija
Saariaho’s The Tempest Songbook with the
Scharoun Ensemble at the Cologne Philharmonie;
Mozart’s Coronation Mass and Haydn’s Stabat
mater with the Ensemble Orchestral de Paris
and Fabio Biondi and regular appearances
with the Scottish Chamber Orchestra.
He has given recitals worldwide, including
regular appearances at the Wigmore Hall and
Oxford Lieder Festival, as well as at Carnegie
Hall, New York, the Amsterdam Concertgebouw,
Vienna Konzerthaus, Klavierfestival Ruhr, La
Monnaie, Brussels, Schleswig-Holstein Festival,
Santiago de Compostela and the Vocal Arts
Series in Washington with pianists Roger
Vignoles, Simon Lepper, Iain Burnside, Alexander
Schmalcz, Eugene Asti and Llŷr Williams.
Alexander Barnes
Mark Padmore gives recitals worldwide. He
appears frequently at the Wigmore Hall, where
he has twice sung all three Schubert song-cycles.
He has also performed them in Vienna and
Paris. His award-winning recordings include a
disc of Handel arias, As Steals the Morn; the
Schubert song-cycles with Paul Lewis; Schumann’s
Dichterliebe; Britten’s Serenade and Nocturne
and Finzi’s Dies natalis with the Britten Sinfonia (all
on Harmonia Mundi); and a DVD of the staged
St Matthew Passion under Rattle. He is Artistic
Director of the St Endellion Summer Music Festival.
Stephan Loges Christus
32
Born in Dresden, Stephan Loges studied
at Berlin’s Hochshule der Künste and
the Guildhall School of Music & Drama;
he was an early winner of the Wigmore
Hall International Song Competition.
Plans this season and beyond include Golaud
(Pélleas et Mélisande) with English Touring
Opera; Mozart’s Requiem with the Manchester
Rolf Franke
Stephan Loges
Hannah Morrison
Hannah Morrison soprano
Soprano Hannah Morrison collaborates
regularly with Sir John Eliot Gardiner, under
whose direction she made her Salzburg Festival
debut in 2013 in Handel’s Alexander’s Feast.
About the performers
This season she has performed with Masaaki
Suzuki and Bach Collegium Japan in Bach’s
Mass in B minor, sung Mozart concert arias
with Stefan Blunier and the Bonn Beethoven
Orchestra and given recitals at the Potsdam
Music Festival and at the Beethovenhaus in
Bonn. In May she performs at the Cologne
Philharmonie with pianist Joseph Middleton.
Liz Linder
Highlights since have included Schumann’s Das
Paradies und die Peri and Brahms’s Ein Deutsches
Requiem with the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra
in 2014. She regularly makes guest appearances
with Les Arts Florissants under Paul Agnew. She
has also given vocal recitals in the UK at the
Oxford Lieder Festival and in London venues
including Kings Place and the Wigmore Hall.
Reginald Mobley
Reginald Mobley alto
Countertenor Reginald Mobley, a longtime
member of twice Grammy-nominated ensemble
Seraphic Fire, has also appeared with Agave
Baroque, Les Voix Baroques, Apollo’s Fire,
Pacific Music Works, Symphony Nova Scotia,
San Antonio Symphony Orchestra, the Handel
and Haydn Society and at the Boston Early
Music and Oregon Bach festivals. For the
Handel and Haydn Society he was also the
first black person to lead the ensemble in its
200-year history. He has an equal interest in
non-classical music, ranging from musical theatre
to cabaret shows of gospel and jazz in Tokyo.
Eleanor Minney
Clare Wilkinson
Clare Wilkinson alto
Particularly passionate about Bach and Byrd,
Clare Wilkinson spends her time making
music with groups of different shapes and
sizes – be they Baroque orchestra, consort of
viols, lute song or vocal consort. She has had
numerous new works written for her, several
of which she premiered at the Wigmore Hall.
She has recorded very widely, and a number
of her discs have won Gramophone awards.
33
Eleanor Minney gained a first-class honours
degree in vocal studies from London’s Trinity
Laban Conservatoire of Music. On graduating
she was the recipient of the Wilfred Greenhouse
Allt Prize for cantata and oratorio performance.
Recent solo highlights include Bach’s Mass
in B minor and Trauerode with Sir John Eliot
Gardiner and the English Baroque Soloists,
Bach’s St Matthew Passion and Monteverdi’s
Vespers with the Orchestra of the Age of
Enlightenment, a series of recitals with Baroque
violinist Davina Clarke and solo recitals at
London’s St Martin-in-the-Fields, Cadogan Hall,
and St George’s, Hanover Square. Eleanor
Minney is a 2015–16 Young Artist and resident
recitalist at the Handel House Museum, London.
Marco Borggreve
Eleanor Minney alto
Britten-Pears Young Artist and a soloist for the
Kohn Foundation Bach Cantata Series. In 2015
he won the Joan Chissell Schumann Lieder Prize,
the Elena Gerhardt Lieder Prize, and the Oxford
Lieder Young Artist Platform. Nicholas is grateful
for the support of the Drake Calleja Trust, Lady
Clare Fund, George Law, and the Countess
of Munster Musical Trust. He studied at Clare
College, Cambridge, and was an apprentice in
the Monteverdi Choir.
Alex Ashworth
Alex Ashworth bass
Alex Ashworth is in demand across Europe and
the United Kingdom. He studied at the Royal
Academy of Music and has sung at leading
opera houses, including Glyndebourne Festival
Opera, Welsh National Opera and Scottish
Opera. Abroad, he has performed for the
Opéra Comique in Paris, Opéra de Lille and the
Icelandic Opera. On the concert platform he
has worked with conductors including Sir John
Eliot Gardiner, Colin Davis and Paul McCreesh.
His recordings include Monteverdi’s Vespers,
Bach’s Mass in B minor, Stravinsky’s Oedipus
rex and Granados’s opera María del Carmen.
Ashley Riches
Ashley Riches bass
Ashley Riches studied at the Guildhall School
of Music & Drama and subsequently was a
member of the Young Artists programme at
the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden.
His operatic appearances have included
Michael in the premiere of Glare by Søren
Nils Eichberg at the Linbury Studio Theatre;
Guglielmo (Così fan tutte) at Garsington
Opera; and Keeper of the Madhouse
(The Rake’s Progress) with the Scottish
Chamber Orchestra under Robin Ticciati.
Nicholas Mogg
Nicholas Mogg bass
34
Nicholas Mogg studies at the Royal Academy
of Music in London where he is the recipient
of the Baroness de Turckheim Award. He is a
His broad and varied repertoire on the concert
platform includes Verdi’s Requiem, Britten’s
War Requiem and Shostakovich’s Orango.
Highlights this season include his debut
at English National Opera as Schaunard
(La bohème) and the role of Creon
(Oedipus rex) with the Berlin Philharmonic
under Sir John Eliot Gardiner.
The Choir’s many recordings include John
Rutter’s Bang, an opera written for the boys,
Britten’s A Boy was Born with the BBC Symphony
Chorus, Walton’s Henry V with the BBC Symphony
Jonathan Sells
Orchestra and BBC Singers and Orff’s Carmina
burana with the London Philharmonic Orchestra.
Jonathan Sells bass
The Choir’s appearances on television have
included The Royal Variety Performance, the
Jonathan Sells studied at the Guildhall School
Pride of Britain Awards and Children in Need.
of Music & Drama, where he won a number of
Last year the boys featured alongside the
prizes. He was then a member of the International Gabrieli Consort in a BBC2 documentary about
Opera Studio, Zurich, from 2010 to 2012.
the early London performances of Handel’s
Messiah. The boys can also be heard on the
In concert, he has appeared as a soloist at the
soundtracks of the Disney blockbuster Maleficent,
Berlin Philharmonie, Château de Versailles,
Angelina Jolie’s Unbroken and The Hunger
Lincoln Center, Carnegie Hall, Zurich Tonhalle
Games: Mockingjay 1 and Mockingjay 2.
and at the BBC Proms, under William Christie,
Roger Norrington, and Ton Koopman, among
Forthcoming engagements include tours
others. He has appeared in recital at the
to China, Germany, Bahrain and Italy.
Wigmore Hall, for Liedrezital Zurich and ‘Das
Lied’ (Bern). In May he will perform in Bern’s
Kulturcasino with Les Passions de l’Ame and
Monteverdi Choir
his Baroque collective, Solomon’s Knot.
Under the patronage of HRH the Prince of Wales
Trinity Boys Choir has recently celebrated its 50th
anniversary since its first professional engagement
in 1965. The boys frequently appear on such
prestigious stages as Glyndebourne, the Royal
Opera House, Covent Garden, English National
Opera and various opera houses abroad.
The Choir is especially well known for its role
in Britten’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream, in
which it has appeared in over 150 professional
performances, on DVD and on CD. Recent
operatic engagements include performances at
the Royal Opera House, Glyndebourne, English
National Opera, the Aix-en-Provence Festival and
theatres in the USA, Belgium, Israel and Italy.
On the concert platform, the Choir is regularly
invited to perform at the BBC Proms, and was
honoured to perform in Her Majesty the Queen’s
80th-Birthday Prom Concert at the Royal Albert
Hall in 2006. The boys have performed with
all the major London orchestras, and with Sir
John Eliot Gardiner and his Monteverdi Choir
Founded by Sir John Eliot Gardiner as part of the
breakaway period-instrument movement of the
1960s, the Monteverdi Choir has always focused
on bringing a new perspective to its repertoire.
With a combination of passion and historically
informed performance practice, its real difference
as an ensemble lies in its ability to communicate
music to its audiences worldwide. This approach
has led to the Monteverdi Choir being consistently
acclaimed as one of the best choirs in the world
over the past 50 years.
The Monteverdi Choir has over 150 recordings to
its name and has won numerous prizes. Among
a number of trail-blazing tours was the Bach
Cantata Pilgrimage, during which the Choir
performed all 198 of J S Bach’s sacred cantatas
in churches throughout Europe and America. The
project was recorded by Soli Deo Gloria, the
company’s own record label, and garnered huge
critical acclaim.
The Choir is also committed to training future
generations of singers through the Monteverdi
35
Trinity Boys Choir
About the performers
in Spain, Germany, Italy and the UK. Trinity
Boys Choir has also been invited to perform
in Vienna with the Vienna Boys’ Choir, as
well as throughout Europe and Asia. Soloists
from the Choir have recently appeared at
the Krakow Film Festival, the Amsterdam
Concertgebouw and in Vienna’s Konzerthaus.
Apprentices Programme. Many Apprentices go
on to become full members of the Choir, and
former Choir members have also gone on to
enjoy successful solo careers.
Monteverdi to Mozart and Haydn, while their
ability to communicate music to their audiences,
presenting their repertoire as living dialogue, sets
them apart.
Last year, the Choir took part in a variety of
projects – from a tour and recording of Bach’s
Mass in B minor with the English Baroque Soloists,
to a tour of the USA with Monteverdi’s Vespers
and L’Orfeo. In 2015, the Monteverdi Choir also
collaborated with the Tonhalle Orchestra in
Janáček’s Glagolitic Mass under the direction of
Sir John Eliot Gardiner.
The ensemble has performed at many of the
world’s most prestigious venues, including La
Scala in Milan, the Concertgebouw in Amsterdam
and the Sydney Opera House. In the course
of the 1990s they performed Mozart’s seven
mature operas and recorded all Mozart’s mature
symphonies and his complete piano concertos.
The Choir has also participated in several staged
opera productions including, most recently,
Gluck’s Orphée et Eurydice at the Royal Opera
House, Covent Garden, last September. Other
opera productions include Le Freyschütz (2010)
and Carmen (2009) at the Opéra Comique
in Paris, and in 2003 the Choir performed Les
Troyens at the Théâtre du Châtelet.
The Choir’s next landmark project will be a tour
with the English Baroque Soloists to mark the
450th anniversary of Monteverdi’s birth in 2017.
English Baroque Soloists
Under the patronage of HRH the Prince of Wales
Founded in 1978 by Sir John Eliot Gardiner, the
English Baroque Soloists have always sought
to challenge preconceptions of Baroque and
early Classical music. Combining the untamed
sound of period instruments with passionate and
virtuosic playing, they have long been established
as one of the world’s leading period-instrument
orchestras. They are equally at home in chamber,
symphonic and operatic repertoire, from
Besides their independent existence as a period
chamber orchestra the English Baroque Soloists
also participate regularly in joint projects with the
Monteverdi Choir, with which they took part in the
Bach Cantata Pilgrimage in 2000, performing
all of Bach’s sacred cantatas throughout Europe.
More recently, they joined forces again in a ‘Bach
Marathon’ event at the Royal Albert Hall (2013),
and collaborated on recordings and tours of
Ascension Cantatas (2012) and Bach Motets (2011),
both of which reached No 1 in the UK classical
charts.
Last September they toured Gluck’s Orphée et
Eurydice in Hamburg and Versailles following a
staged production at the Royal Opera House,
Covent Garden, in collaboration with the Hofesh
Shechter dance company.
Other highlights of 2015 included a tour to the
USA of Monteverdi’s Orfeo, while in Europe, the
group travelled to Munich, Frankfurt, Lucerne and
Paris for performances of Bach’s Mass in B minor,
which they also recorded for Soli Deo Gloria.
The Orchestra’s next landmark project will be a
tour with the Monteverdi Choir to mark the 450th
anniversary of Monteverdi’s birth in 2017.
Trinity Boys Choir
36
Music Director
David Swinson
Ross Ah-Weng
Joshua Albuquerque
Jamie Coskun
Charles Davies
William Davies
Jeremie de Rijk
Aman de Silva
Sebastian Exall
Matthew Gilbert
Amiri Harewood
Ben Hill
Freddie Jemison
Joshua Kenney
Tate Nicol
Lucas Pinto
Daniel Williams
Thabo Witter
Soprano
Hannah Morrison *
Emily Armour
Charlotte Ashley
Jessica Cale
Rebecca Hardwick
Angela Hicks
Alison Hill
Gwendolen Martin
Eleanor Meynell
Angharad Rowlands
Alto
Eleanor Minney *
Reginald Mobley *
Clare Wilkinson *
Simon Ponsford
Kate Symonds-Joy
Matthew Venner
Tenor
Rory Carver
Thomas Herford
Hugo Hymas
Tom Kelly
Nicolas Robertson
James Way
Bass
Alex Ashworth *
Nicholas Mogg *
Ashley Riches *
Jonathan Sells *
Rupert Reid
Lawrence Wallington
About the performers
Monteverdi Choir
* consort soloist
English Baroque Soloists
Orchestra 2
Violin 1
Kati Debretzeni
Leader
Iona Davies
Julia Kuhn
Gamba
Reiko Ichise
Violin 2
Anne Schumann
Roy Mowatt
Jane Gordon
Flute
Rachel Beckett
Christine Garratt
Violin 2
James Toll
Emily Dupere
Hildburg Williams
Oboe
Michael Niesemann
Mark Baigent
Viola
Fanny Paccoud
Aliye Cornish
Bassoon
Györgyi Farkas
Cello
Richte van der Meer
Kinga Gáborjáni
Viola
James Boyd
Lisa Cochrane
Cello
Marco Frezzato
Catherine Rimer
Double Bass
Valerie Botwright
Organ
James Johnstone
Violin 1
Catherine Martin
Madeleine Easton
Henrietta Wayne
Double Bass
Cecelia Bruggemeyer
Flute
Eva Caballero
Rachel Helliwell
Oboe
Leo Duarte
Robert de Bree
Bassoon
Marco Posthingel
Organ/
Harpsichord
Silas Wollston
37
Orchestra 1
Supporters of the Monteverdi
The Monteverdi
Choir and Orchestras
Limited would like to
thank their supporters:
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FRIENDS OF THE
MONTEVERDI
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MEMBERS
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Swift
38
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& Tina Vadaneaux
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With grateful thanks
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The 29 May 1961
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PRESIDENT
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David & Sandra
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Lock, Margo &
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Michael Beverley DL,
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Nixon, John Julius &
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& Hilmary Quarmby,
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& Helen Skinner,
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Vallance of Tummel,
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DISTINGUISHED
ALUMNI
Richard Baker, Robert
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Boswell, Charles Brett,
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Suzanne Flowers,
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Hall, Linda Hirst,
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Jenkins, Brian Kay,
Gareth Keene, Richard
Lloyd Morgan, Felicity
Palmer, John ShirleyQuirk, John Smyth,
Jenny Standage
FOUNDER &
ARTISTIC DIRECTOR
Sir John Eliot
Gardiner, CBE
BOARD OF
MONTEVERDI
CHOIR &
ORCHESTRAS
Michael Beverley DL
(Chair),
David Brierwood,
Virginia FraserJohnson, Sir John
Eliot Gardiner, Lady
Gardiner, Richard
Meredith, Joanne
Merry, Anthony
Peattie, Nicola
Ramsden, Nicholas
Snowman, Prof John
Fletcher Smyth
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CHOIR &
ORCHESTRAS, INC
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(President),
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(Treasurer &
Chairman),
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MBE, Ferne Mele
(Secretary)
FONDS
MONTEVERDI
CHOIR &
ORCHESTRAS
FRANCE
Michael Likierman
(President),
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(Secretary),
Andrey Kidel
(Treasurer),
Caroline Menu
(Chargée de Mission),
Brigitte Marger
Mondoloni,
Nicole Salinger
MONTEVERDI
DEVELOPMENT
GROUP
David Brierwood
(Chair),
Alexander Dymock,
Jonathan Frewen,
Lex Greensill, Andrey
Kidel, Kevin Lavery,
Nicola Ramsden,
Susan Revell, John
Skinner, Stephen Swift,
Stephen Uhlig, Victor
Vadaneaux, Gary
Weiss
STAFF OF
MONTEVERDI
CHOIR &
ORCHESTRAS
General Director
Dr Rosa Solinas
Finance
& Administration
Manager
Martin Wheeler
Artistic
Administrator
Mark Richardson
Tours & Concerts
Manager
Helen Lewis
Artistic Advisor
& Librarian
James Halliday
Choir Manager
Richard Wyn Roberts
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Manager
Philip Turbett
Stage Manager
Richard Fitzgerald
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Technician
Robin Jennings
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& PR Manager
Sarah Lockwood
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Rachel Hinds
Relationships
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Clemency Horsell
Administrator
Daniela Hackett
39
VICE-PRESIDENTS
Alexander
Armstrong, Sir David
Attenborough, Richard
Elliston, Tom Graham,
Jenny Hill, Diane
Karzas, Keith Salway,
Günther Graf von
der Schulenburg,
Andrew Tusa
Bach
Collegium
Japan
Masaaki
Suzuki
8 & 9 April
Immerse yourself in the glorious music
of J S Bach, from the towering
B minor Mass to the joyous Magnificat,
with a weekend in the company of
some of his finest living interpreters
Monteverdi Choir
English Baroque Soloists
Sir John Eliot Gardiner
Bach Lutheran Mass in F Major & Magnificat
12 December 2016, Barbican Centre, London
@Monteverdi_choir_orchestras
@mco_london
/MonteverdiChoirAndOrchestras www.monteverdi.co.uk