country fact sheet lebanon

COUNTRY FACT SHEET
LEBANON
(August 2014)
Disclaimer
IOM has carried out the gathering of information with great care. IOM provides information at
its best knowledge and in all conscience. Nevertheless, IOM cannot assume to be held
accountable for the correctness of the information provided. Furthermore, IOM shall not be
liable for any conclusions made or any results, which are drawn from the information provided
by IOM.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents ......................................................................................................... 2
I. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ...................................................................................... 3
1. General Information: Public Services / Infrastructure............................................ 3
2. Public Transport.................................................................................................... 3
3. Communication Network ....................................................................................... 3
II. SOCIAL WELFARE .................................................................................................. 4
1. General Information: Legislation ........................................................................... 4
III. PENSIONS.............................................................................................................. 4
1. General Information: Legislation and regulatory Framework ................................ 4
2. Preconditions for obtaining a pension ................................................................... 4
IV. MEDICAL CARE ..................................................................................................... 5
2. Medical Infrastructure: Number and Equipment of Hospitals ................................ 5
3. Availability and Costs: Medicine ........................................................................... 6
4. Medical treatment: old persons, women, other minorities ..................................... 6
5. Health Insurance: Preconditions and Costs .......................................................... 7
V. HOUSING ................................................................................................................ 7
1. General Information .............................................................................................. 7
VI. EMPLOYMENT ....................................................................................................... 7
1. General Information .............................................................................................. 7
2. Labor Market Situation.......................................................................................... 8
3. Procedures to start Self-employment.................................................................... 8
4. The Lebanese Labor Law ..................................................................................... 9
a. Type of work ..................................................................................................... 9
b. Procedures for employment ............................................................................ 10
c. Contracts ......................................................................................................... 10
d. Remuneration.................................................................................................. 10
e. Hours of work .................................................................................................. 11
f. Tasks performed .............................................................................................. 11
VII. EDUCATION ........................................................................................................ 11
1. Educational System and Infrastructure ............................................................... 11
2. Conditions for the Continuation of School / University ........................................ 11
VIII. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND NGOs ............................................. 12
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I. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
1. General Information: Public Services / Infrastructure
To reduce public debt [after the Lebanese civil war] and at the same time revive the country's
economy, the Lebanese government has embarked on a privatization program that includes
many public services companies, such as water, telecommunications and electricity as well as
public companies such as Middle East Airlines (MEA). Till today, this process is not
accomplished yet, but the government is managing to dodge currency devaluation and debt
default.
2. Public Transport
Airports: six
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 4 over 3,047 m: 1 ; 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 ; under 914 m: 1
Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 2 -914 to 1,523 m: 2
Pipelines: oil 209 km, gas 43km
Railways:
total: 401 km standard gauge: 319 km 1.435 m narrow gauge: 82 km 1.050 m note: rail
system became unusable because of damage during the civil war in the 1980s.
Roadways
total: 7,500 km paved: 6,398 km unpaved: 902 km
Merchant marine
total: 35 ships (1000 GRT or over) 150,598 GRT/178,295 DWT
by type: bulk carrier 3, cargo 14, livestock carrier 12, passenger/cargo 1, refrigerated cargo 1,
roll on/roll off 2, vehicle carrier 2
foreign-owned: 3 (Greece 2, Syria 1)
registered in other countries: 57 (Antigua and Barbuda 1, Barbados 1, Cambodia 7,
Comoros 5, Cyprus 1, Dominica 1, Egypt 1, Georgia 3, Honduras 2, Honk Kong 1, North
Korea 3, Liberia 2, Malta 12, Mongolia 1, Panama 3, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 7,
Syria 4, unknown 2
Ports and terminals: Beirut, Chekka, Jounie, Tripoli
Ports and harbors: Antilyas, Batroun, Beirut, Chekka, El Mina, Ez Zahrani, Jbail, Jounie,
Naqoura, Sidon, Tripoli, Tyre
3. Communication Network
Telephones - main lines in use: 680,000
Telephones - mobile cellular: 1,350,000
Telephone system
General assessment: repair of the telecommunications system, severely damaged during the
civil war and the July 2006 war, now complete domestic: two commercial wireless networks
provide good service; political instability hampers privatization and deployment of new
technologies.
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International: country code -961; satellite earth stations -2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1
Atlantic Ocean) (erratic operations); coaxial cable to Syria; 3 submarine coaxial cables
Radio broadcast stations: AM 1, FM 32, shortwave 0
Television broadcast stations: 9.
Internet country code: .lb
Internet hosts: 5,635
Internet users: 950,000
II. SOCIAL WELFARE
1. General Information: Legislation
Lebanon is currently engaged in a process of physical and social reconstruction following a
devastating civil war and the July 2006 war. The state was virtually paralyzed throughout the
war, and the population turned to a multitude of confessional, religious and nongovernmental
organizations for social services.
This led to the creation of many competing and often conflicting systems of social welfare. The
social reconstruction of Lebanon depends on the re-establishment of national institutions and
policies guided by a new vision for a unified Lebanon.
III. PENSIONS
1. General Information: Legislation and regulatory Framework
First and current law: 1963
Type of program: Social insurance system providing lump-sum benefits only.
2. Preconditions for obtaining a pension
As regards pensions in Lebanon, both men and women can receive benefits at any age with
20 years of contributions. While Lebanon pays benefits as lump sum payments, both
employer and employee contribute to the financing of social security with the employer
generally contributing a higher amount.
Old-age benefit
The lump sum can be received from age 60 but is compulsory at age 64; at any age after 20
years of employment; or if a woman marries and leaves employment during the first year of
marriage; or if disabled (with at least 20 years of employment); or on death (with at least 6
years of employment).
Reduced pension
A reduced pension is paid at any age with between 5 and 19 years of employment if
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the insured is leaving employment permanently.
Retirement from employment is necessary.
Disability benefit
A loss of at least 50% of normal working capacity.
Survivor benefit
The insured was covered, or was previously covered, under the program trusteeship.
Note:
The military and the general security force have their own legislation, regarding this issue.
IV. MEDICAL CARE
1. General Information: Health Care System
Though Lebanon has among the best hospitals and physicians of the region, there are still big
disparities between the public and the private sector. During the civil war in Lebanon, the role
of the Government in health progressively declined.
However, the private and NGO sectors continued their efforts, becoming the main provider of
health services. Indeed, today ninety percent of hospital beds are in the private sector.
Public health services are largely concentrated in the cities, although the government
increasingly directs medical aid into rural areas. As in the field of social welfare,
nongovernmental voluntary associations - mostly religious, communal, or ethnic - are active.
The Lebanese diet is generally satisfactory, and the high standard of living and the favorable
climate have served to reduce the incidence of many diseases that are still common in other
Middle Eastern countries.
As for the availability of mental health services in Lebanon, there are around 200
psychologists, 48 psychiatrists, 39 psychoanalysts and different creative therapists,
community and social workers.
In addition to the professional associations, several others are active in the mental health
psychosocial field. The mental health services are privatized and therefore, most of them are
not available to everyone, but only to payees.
2. Medical Infrastructure: Number and Equipment of Hospitals
During the last ten years, the government rehabilitated thirteen public hospitals, bringing the
total number of hospitals in the country to twenty-four. Although the country has over 165
hospitals, only a fraction of these are public institutions.
Lately, there were 13,500 hospital beds. 138 are private hospitals with 82.7% of beds and 30
are public with 17.3% of beds. 18 private hospitals included 3,385 beds for long stay. There
are 760 local clinics, 80% of which are run by NGO’s and CBOs. According to the most recent
statistics of the ministry of public Health, there are 11,186 physicians, 4,200 dentists and
4,667 pharmacists in Lebanon .
The Ministry of Public Health, along with other non-governmental organizations and
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international agencies, provides free vaccination for major diseases.
The access to care costs is among the highest in the region which obviously makes it difficult
to re-attract Arab patients. Programs have been implemented in order to attribute
accreditation to hospitals meet and follow international standards.
The entire sector is under the supervision of the Ministry of Public Health. Though medicine is
mainly imported, some production units are established in the country.
Lebanon boasts the highest rate of physicians per capita in the Middle East, and treatment in
every specialty is available in the country. Universities train very skilled physicians and
investments have been made in order to lower the health care price level. Recovering the
health sector's positive image to foreigners that prevailed before the war is a challenge that
may never be achieved.
3. Availability and Costs: Medicine
The proximity of the large cities as well as the high level of urbanization (more than 80 percent
of the population) and the wide spread of hospitals (145 tertiary care centers) and health
centers (85 PHC centers) makes accessibility to health care relatively high (95 percent).
At the same time, the surplus of medical doctors (ratio of 1/270 pop) and the sophisticated
high technology across the country make medical attention readily available with good
diagnostic tools.
However, there is uneven coverage of health service in Lebanon because private sector
hospitals account for ninety-five percent of health care, with an oversupply of services, while
public health care is under-staffed and under-equipped, it is clear that most top quality
specialized care is concentrated in and around Beirut.
The Ministry of Public Health spends eighty percent of its budget paying private hospitals to
cover the costs of health care of individuals covered by social security plans. In 2008, the
Ministry spent 256,000,000 LBP as hospitalization costs in the private sector, 15,000,000 LBP
for hospitalization in the public sector and 12,817,770 LBP as contributions to NGOs.
There is no coordination between institutions that provide resources for health sector
financing. Under present arrangements, accessibility to health services and resources
allocated to the health sector vary considerably, creating inequality among different social
strata and regions in terms of availability of medical services. The same differences are also
observed in quality of service.
4. Medical treatment: old persons, women, other minorities
The percentage of the population with access to PHC and of pregnant women having
adequate prenatal care and medically attended deliveries is relatively high. Lebanon’s
Maternal Mortality Rate (86.3 per 100,000, 2004) and Infant Mortality Rate (18.6 per 1000,
2004) is better than in most countries of the region.
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5. Health Insurance: Preconditions and Costs
Most Lebanese are privately insured and those registered with the National Social Security
Fund (NSSF) have partial health coverage. Policies providing corporate group coverage are
widely used by companies registered at the NSSF to supplement the benefits provided by the
government's healthcare system.
International private medical insurance is available for non-Lebanese living in Lebanon. Costs
for health care vary between hospitals and doctors. The National Social Security Fund, which
is not fully implemented, provides sickness and maternity insurance, labor accident and
occupational disease insurance, family benefits, and termination-of-service benefits.
Lebanon has a national medical insurance program financed by the ministry of health. This
national medical plan covers all Lebanese that hold the Lebanese citizenship for over ten
years and that are, not covered by the national social security plan or by any kind of
governmental insurance. This medical plan consists of hospitalization, emergency and doctors
fees in the hospitals. The program compensates 90% of the hospital fee, and the patients
make up the difference with cash.
Note:
The military and the general security force have their own insurance programs.
V. HOUSING
1. General Information
In response to the need for low-cost housing, the Popular Housing Law was enacted,
providing for the rehabilitation of substandard housing. Prior to the civil war a substantial
percentage of homes were without bathrooms, and thousands of families, including
Palestinian refugees, were living in improvised accommodations.
When an economic boom attracted villagers to the capital, the housing shortage worsened
considerably. The civil war drastically increased the problem. Thousands of homes in battle
zones were destroyed, and entire villages were evacuated and others occupied. The result
was chaos in which property rights were violated as a matter of course. The government, in an
attempt to remedy the situation, set up Housing Bank to make housing loans.
VI. EMPLOYMENT
1. General Information
The Labor Code sets a minimum wage, and legislation provides for cost-of-living increases.
The cost of living increased sharply prior to, during, and after the civil war, mainly because of
a substantial rise in the cost of rent, education, food, and petroleum products.
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2. Labor Market Situation
The government has raised the minimum wage to 500,000 LBP. Among the 888,813
households living in Lebanon, 15.3% have an income from all sources varying between
[300,000 – 500,000] LBP and 13.2% between [500,000 – 650,000] LBP. While 3.0% have no
income and 0.2% has an income of 8,000,000 LBP and more.
As for the economic activity rate according to sex and age, 65.0% of both males and females
are between 25 – 29 years and 63.5% are between 30 – 34 years. As for the distribution of
employed according to sex and age, 15.6% of both males and females are between 25 - 29
years and 14.7% are between 30 - 34 years.
As for the economic activity rate according to educational attainment and sex, 54.0% of both
males and females have a university level and 49.5% an elementary level.
As for the distribution of employed according to educational attainment, and sex, 24.1% of
both males and females have an elementary level and 23.6% a university level.
As for the distribution of employed (aged 15 years and above) according to type of economic
activity, sector and sex, 58.0% of both males and females work in a private declared
enterprise, 25.3% in a private (not declared enterprise) and 15.7% in public sector.
As for the unemployment rate according to sex, it is 9.2% for both males and females. This
rate is 10.2% for females and 8.8% for males. 23.5% of both unemployed males and females
have an undefined educational attainment.
According to the latest official statistics of the ministry of labor (2007), 121,375 work permits
were given and renewed for foreigners. 72.2% were given to women domestic workers. While
30.4% were given to Ethiopians, 18.9% Philippines, 17.5% to Sri Lankis and 14.1% to
Egyptians.
3. Procedures to start Self-employment
With the aim of employment generation, the [MoD] programme succeeded in completing 29
community based activities, including rehabilitation of potable water networks, water springs,
agricultural roads and socio-cultural premises especially playgrounds.
In addition, through its targeted activities in supporting the agricultural sector as a major
source of livelihood for residents/returnees, the programme supported the rehabilitation of
agricultural productive infrastructure and provide technical assistance to farmers and
agricultural cooperatives (e.g. establishment of the Green Line Extension Service to service
farmers; organization of 102 training courses on the various agricultural issues; completing
agricultural community infrastructure projects; provision of equipment for 12 cooperatives;
provision of agricultural equipment to 123 municipality; establishment of olive oil quality
laboratory; and preparation of extension pamphlets and guides.
In addition, the programme management unit supervises the implementation of the EU
agricultural project and acts as a liaison with beneficiaries and NGOs providing credit with the
aim of establishing a coordination mechanism.
Finally, the programme provides technical assistance to the Ministry for the overall
coordination and resource mobilization for the implementation of a socio-economic
development plan for the region.
Agriculture is a primary source of employment and income for residents in the displaced
regions of Chouf, Aley, Bekaa and Baabda. However, as a result of the internal strife,
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agricultural production was constrained by the lack of infrastructure, and the decline in quality
and quantity of produce. Current agricultural production in the region faces several
constraints, including poor extension facilities and services; high production costs as a result
of overuse and/or misuse of agricultural inputs, high labor cost, and weak cooperative work;
and marketing difficulties.
Furthermore, there are many community groups in the targeted Cazas who are skilled in
producing unique handicrafts. There is an opportunity to support existing handicraft networks
to establish a formal handicraft cooperative in each of the Aley, Baabda and Chouf Cazas.
The handicraft cooperatives will create employment opportunities in the Cazas and bring
additional income into the area. The objective of this component is to ensure economic
diversification, employment and income generation for households in the region.
4. The Lebanese Labor Law
The Lebanese labor law pertaining to migrant workers provides preliminary legislative
regulations that are implemented through the Ministry of Labor (MoL) and the General
Security (GS). These regulations specify the type of work available for migrant workers,
procedures for employment, and regulatory procedures for agencies that recruit migrant
workers.
a. Type of work
Based on legislative decree 14323 dated April 19, 2005, the law of July 10, 1962 regulating
entrance to and exit from Lebanon, and legislative decree 17561 dated September 19, 1964
and its amendments, particularly articles 8 and 9 that deal with organization of the work of
what the law terms as ‘foreigners’, the right of working in the following areas is exclusively
limited to the Lebanese except in cases when there are no Lebanese available to undertake
these jobs: those who were born in Lebanon; those whose mother are Lebanese; are married
to a Lebanese women; and in case there is a mutual agreement ratified between the
Lebanese government and the migrant’s country of origin which allows for occupying the
same job by a Lebanese in that country; and finally those Palestinians who are born in
Lebanon and are officially registered at the Ministry of Interior (MoI). It is worth pointing to the
gendered and discriminatory nature against women in this legislative decree since it limits
these vocations or jobs when he is “married to a Lebanese woman”; hence, classifying these
jobs as traditionally demarcated ‘masculine’ vocations.
The vocations are summarized as follows: electrical work, pharmacy, painting, gypsum board,
house keepers, cooks, carpentry, installing aluminum, nursing, teaching at all educational
ladders with exception to foreign language teaching, medical laboratories, and engineering. All
vocational jobs are limited to the Lebanese or to those who qualify for such jobs specified in
the law above. The same law applies to trade, banking and finance, printing, publishing and
dissemination of published material, car repairs except in case a migrant worker1 has obtained
permission from the concerned legal entities, particularly in jobs where there is competition or
might cause damage to the Lebanese labor. While the classification and specification of jobs
or vocations which are limited to the Lebanese are numerous (about 90 jobs), about 80% of
these jobs are occupied by migrant workers, particularly Syrians and Egyptians, most
remarkably due to the merchant mentality entrenched in Lebanese culture where Lebanese
workers prefer to sub-contract migrant workers to do the job on their behalf and under their
supervision. Further, no reference in the legislative decree is made to limiting jobs as
1
Migrant workers in this legislative decree are referred to as foreigners.
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cleaning homes by Lebanese; thus, opening opportunities for migrant workers to occupy such
jobs which are exclusively limited to females as inferred from legislative decrees 1/5 dated
January 17, 2003 and 1/70 dated July 9, 2003 which both bear the title “…concerning the
organization of agencies that recruit khadimat ajnabiyat [foreign female servants]”.
b. Procedures for employment
In order to enter Lebanon, the migrant worker, with exception to Syrians and recently
Egyptians, should have an official sponsor. In order to obtain entry visa to Lebanon, the
migrant worker should be invited from Lebanon via an employment agency, or through a
personal request from an employer. The migrant worker enters Lebanon by a visa which
bears the name of the sponsor (the employer) hand-written beneath the entry visa in the
passport. The visa expires in three months and then initially renewed for one year. The
renewal fee is US$160. Then, a work permit is issued by the MoL based on the following
documents: an application form, a contract signed between the employer and the migrant
worker before the notary public, medical insurance, and medical check up results which
include a blood test and chest x-ray (http://www.labor.gov.lb/). These tests intend to ensure
that the migrant worker is free of contagious diseases. No any other medical exams are taken
to ensure the physical and mental readiness of migrant workers to engage in work. All
documents submitted to the MoL are scrutinized and cleared, then forwarded to the General
Security in order to get the residency registered. The registration fee in the General Security is
US$2002.
As for Egyptian migrant workers, their status was first regulated by the labor cooperation
agreement signed between ministries of labor in Lebanon and Egypt. This agreement
stipulated measures to either legalize the presence of certain workers, or ensure that those
voluntarily leaving the country would not be arrested (L'Orient-Le Jour, August 14, 1997). The
aim of these measures was to control illegal entry of Egyptians into Lebanon, who despite this
bilateral agreement, continued to enter illegally since the Lebanese-Syrian borders are
uncontrolled and remain porous of illegal entry. However, the issue was resolved by decree
1190 dated January, 2009 which exempted Egyptian migrant workers in Lebanon from
obtaining a work permit based on the principle of mutual treatment between both countries. In
brief, the preliminary policies and procedures for employment are adequate and
straightforward with no complicated bureaucracies entailed.
c. Contracts
Contracts are differentially applied to migrant workers. For Syrians and most Egyptians
contracts are not applied. For the rest of migrant workers, there are two types of contracts:
either a contract is signed by both parties then the work and residency permits are being
applied for, or if the employee does not use a standard contract provided by his/her embassy,
he/she signs a contract written in Arabic as prepared by a notary public (Jureidini, 2002). The
contract is brief and stipulates the duration of the contract itself, salary and mode of payment.
Rights and duties of the migrant worker and the employer are not usually stipulated. The
duration of the contract varies between one to three years. By the end of the contract, the
employer provides the migrant worker with an air ticket to his/her home country.
d. Remuneration
Remuneration of migrant workers varies based on nationality, knowledge of a foreign
language, and job category. The average monthly salary lies between US$100 and US$300
2
All fees are paid in Lebanese currency.
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excluding Syrians, Egyptians, and Sudanese who are remunerated based on a different
procedure. In the domestic service category, migrant workers from the Philippines earn the
highest monthly salary between US$250-300 and in many cases they earn up to US$500
depending on extra skills such as experience in cooking and child rearing. Migrant workers
from Sri Lanka earn between US$100-150 per month and Ethiopians between US$100-200.
In some cases, many employers provide the helper with extra money as incentive for her
cooperative behavior.
e. Hours of work
In this particular segment of migrant workers, the working hours vary based on job category.
Syrians work 8 hours per day, Egyptian and Sudanese about 10 hours and migrant workers in
the domestic service work from 11 to 15 hours per day. We can observe that males (Syrian,
Egyptian and Sudanese) work less hours per day than females.
f. Tasks performed
Migrant workers in the domestic category do all household tasks with exception to cooking in
general. Additional tasks include looking after children and nursing aging adults. As for
Syrians, Egyptians and Sudanese, their tasks differ based on the job category they belong to.
VII. EDUCATION
1. Educational System and Infrastructure
There were 3,289 academic establishments in Lebanon enrolling 1,174,756 students and
recruiting 117,756 teachers/professors and 5,342 managers during the academic year
2006/2007.
Among the 3,289 institutions, there were 85.5% schools, 13.3% vocational schools and 1.2%
universities and higher education establishments.
As for students, 16.4% are in pre-schools cycle, 49.1% are in the elementary, 21.1% are in
the intermediate and 13.4% are in the secondary. Another reading of student's distribution
shows that 35.6% are enrolled in public schools, 13.5% in private free schools, and 50.9% in
private schools. While, 63.3% are French educated and 36.7% are English educated.
A well-developed system of education reaches all levels of the population. Literacy is among
the highest in the Middle East. Education was once almost exclusively the responsibility of
religious communities or foreign groups, but the number of students in public schools has
risen to about two-fifths of the total school enrollment.
2. Conditions for the Continuation of School / University
The compulsory five-year primary school program is followed either by a seven-year
secondary program (leading to the official baccalaureate certificate) or by a four-year program
of technical or vocational training.
Major universities include the American University of Beirut, the Université Saint-Joseph
(subsidized by the French government and administered by the Jesuit order), the Lebanese
University (Université Libanaise), the Notre Dame University, the Beirut Arab University (an
affiliate of the University of Alexandria), the Balamand University, the Sagesse University,the
Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK) ,the Lebanese American University , the Haigazian ,
the Lebanese International University , the Islamic University in Lebanon, the Beirut Islamic
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University , the Makassed University , the Antonine University , the Jinan University , the
Global University , Middle East University , the Al Manar University of Tripoli and the Open
Arab University.
VIII. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND NGOs
International Organizations:
United Nations. www.un.org
United Nations Development Program .www.undp.org
United Nations Commission on International Trade Law. www.un.org.at/uncitral
United Nations Conference for Trade and Development. www.unic.org/unctad/
International Trade Center. www.intracen.org
International Monetary Fund. www.imf.org
World Bank.www.worldbank.org
World Trade Organization.www.wto.org
Federation of International Trade Associations.www.fita.org
European Union - Delegation of the European Commission in Lebanon. www.dellbn.cec.eu.int
Food and Agriculture Organization. www.fao.org
United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia. www.escwa.org.lb
United Nations Higher Commission for Refugees. www.unhcr.org
Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, Middle East. [email protected]
ILO regional office for Arab states. [email protected]
UNESCO Regional Bureau for Education in the Arab States. www.unesco.org.lb
UNFPA. www.unfpa.org.lb
UN-Habitat Lebanon. [email protected]
UNRWA. [email protected]
World Health Organization. www.leb.emro.who.int
NGO’s:
The Council of Voluntary Associations
Coordinating committees working in Palestinian communities
Coordinating committees in Saida
The National Council for Social Work
The Lebanese Union for Child -Welfare
The Lebanese NGO Forum
Other contact persons:
1. The Ministry of Displaced
Minister: Mrs. Alice Chabtini; General Director: Eng. Ahmad Mahmoud Tel: 00961 1 366373
Fax: 00961 1 366134/8 Email: [email protected] Web-site: www.intranet.dm.net.lb/displaced
2. Caritas Lebanon
Head Office: Dr. Youssef Hajjar Street, Sin El Fil-Kalaa BP: 165274 Achrafieh – Beirut 1100
2030 – LEBANON Or BP: 55455 Sin El Fil -LEBANON Fax: 01/494713 -Tel: 01/49976701/483305 01/502521 E-Mail: [email protected]
3. The Lebanese NGO Forum
Clémenceau Street -Clémenceau 333 Bldg. -Second Floor Tel : (961 1) 37 40 40/ 37 40 50
Fax : (9611) 37 4050 E-mail: [email protected] P.O.Box : 11-5520 Beirut -Lebanon.
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4. Maronite Outreach
Maronite Outreach in Lebanon 1546 East La Palma Avenue Anaheim, CA 92805
[email protected]
5. The World Bank
In Washington: Dina El Naggar, Phone: 1 (202) 473-3245; Fax: 1 (202) 522-0003; Email:
[email protected]
References:
Ministry of Agriculture www.agriculture.gov.lb
Ministry of Education and Higher Education http://www.higher-edu.gov.lb
Ministry of Industry www.industry.gov.lb
Ministry of Interior and Municipalities www.interior.gov.lb
Ministry of Posts & Telecommunications www.mpt.gov.lb
Ministry of Public Health www.public-health.gov.lb
Ministry of Public Works www.public-works.gov.lb
Ministry of Social Affairs: www.socialaffairs.gov.lb
Ministry of Transport, Office of Railways & Collective Transport
Central Administration for Statistics establishments files
Customs General Directorate
General Directorate for Transport
General Directorate of Civil Aviation
Education Center for research and development (CRDP)
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