amz kvar

Transcription

amz kvar

xtY]RËzpk]sh
The Light of Truth
xhpUjY xV]mi dy]nà x>xVti
1
H∂mw kap-√mkw
Hmw k®n-Zm-\-tµ-iz-cm-b- \-tam -\ax
kXym¿Y-{]-Imiw
Cuiz-c-\m-a-ß-fpsS hymJym\w
Hmw it∂m an{Xx iw hcpWx it∂m `hXzcy-am.
i∂fCt{µm- _r-l-kv]Xnx it∂m hnjvWp-cp-cp-{I-ax.
\tam {_“tW \akvtX hmtbm -Xz-tah {]Xy£w {_“m-kn.
Xzmtah {]Xy£w {_“- h-Zn-jyman EXw hZn-jyman kXyw hZn-jym-an.
X≥am-a-hXp XZz-‡m-c-a-h-Xp. AhXp ama-hXp h‡m-c-av.
Hmw im¥n»m¥n»m¥nx 1
A¿Yw:˛ (Hmw) A, D, av F∂o aq∂p h¿W
ßƒ IqSn-t®¿∂p-≠mb HmwIm-c-]Zw Cuizcs‚ F√m \ma-t[-bßfnepw h®v, k¿thmØ-a-am-bn-´p-≈-Xm-Ip-∂p. Cu \ma-t[-b-Øn¬
]c-ta-iz-cs‚ At\Iw \ma-ßƒ Dƒs°m≈p∂p. Cu HmwIm-c-Øns‚ Ah-b-h-amb AImcwsIm≠v hncm-Sv, A·n, hniz≥ apX-emb t]cpItfbpw; DImcw sIm≠v lnc-Wy-K¿`≥, hmbp,
ssXP-k≥ XpS-ßnb t]cp-I-sfbpw; aImcw
sIm≠v Cuiz-c≥, BZn-Xy≥, {]m⁄≥ apXemb t]cp- I - t fbpw kw{K- l n- ° p- ∂ p. Cu
]d™ \ma-ß-sf-√mw 2 {]I-c-W-ß-f\p-k-cn®v
k¿th-iz-c-s\-Ø-s∂-bmWv Ipdnbv°p∂-sX∂v
thZw apX-emb kXy-im-kv{X-ß-fn¬ kv]jvSambn hymJym-\n-®n-´p-≠v.
tNmZyw:˛ hncmSv apX-emb ]Z-ßƒ k¿-th-izc-\n¬ \n∂v `n∂-ßf-mb a‰p ]Zm¿Y-ß-sfF¥p-sIm≠v Ipdn-bv°p-∂n√? {_“mWvUw,
]rYn-hymZn]©-`q-X-ßƒ, C{µmZntZh-X-Iƒ
1. ssXØ-cob Bc-WyIw-˛7.1
2. "Hmw' apX-emb \ma-ß-sf√mw F∂¿Yw
F∂nhtbbpw, sshZy-im-kv{X-Øn¬ Np°v 3
apX-emb acp-∂p-It- fbpw Cu ]Z-ßƒ Ipdn-b°
v p∂nt√?
DØcw:˛ D≠v. F∂m¬ Ah k¿th-iz-ct- ‚bpw
\ma-ß-fm-Wv. 4
tNmZyw:˛ F∂m¬ ap≥]-d™ ]Z-ß-fm¬ tZh∑msc am{Xw {Kln-°p-∂pthm C√tbm?
DØcw:˛ tZh-∑m-sc∂ A¿Yw am{Xw {Kln°p-hm≥ \nßƒ°v F¥-Sn-ÿm-\-am-Wp-≈Xv?
tNmZyw:˛ F√m tZh-∑mcpw {]kn-≤cpw DØ-a∑m-cp-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Ahsc am{Xta Rm≥
{Kln-°p-∂p-≈q.
DØcw:˛ k¿th-iz-c≥ A{]-kn-≤-\mtWm?
k¿th-iz-c-t\-°mƒ t{ijvT-\mb Bcm-\p-ap
t≠m? Cs√-¶n¬ ]ns∂, Cu t]cp-Iƒ k¿thiz-c\pw IqSnbps≠∂p \nßƒ AwKo-I-cn-°mØ-sX¥v? k¿th-iz-c≥ A{]-kn-≤-\-s√∂pw
3. "hniz' kw⁄-bpsS kv{Xoenw-K- cq-]-amb "hnizm'
Bbp¿thZ \n-L≠
- p-°f
- n¬ Np°ns‚ ]cym-b- ]ZamWv
4. hncmSv apX-emb ]Z-ß-fmWv hnh£, {_“mWvUw
apX-em-b-h-b-√.
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
∂n- s ´¥p {]tbm- P \w? \n\°v Ah- k - c ⁄m\w C√. As√-¶n¬ \o GXp ka-bØv
F¥p sIm≠p-h-c-Wtam AXp-Xs∂ sIm≠ph-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p. kµ¿`-ta-Xm-sW∂p \o Nn¥n®n-√. \o aqV-\m-Wv. Fs‚ ASp-°¬ \n∂p
s]mbvs°m-≈p-I.'' FhnsS GXv A¿YsØ
{Kln-°p-∂X
- mtWm DNn-Xw, AhnsS B A¿Yw
Xs∂ {Kln-°-Ww. \msa√mw C{]-Imcw Xs∂bmWp hnNm-cn-t°-≠-Xp-sa∂v CXn¬\n∂p
kn≤n-°p-∂p.
At±-l-Øn\v Xpey-\m-bn-´p-t]m-epw as‰m-cmƒ
Cs√∂pw hcp- t ºmƒ At±- l - t Ø- ° mƒ
t{ijvT-\mbn Hcp-h≥ D≠m-Ip-∂-sX-ßs\?
AXn-\m¬ \nß-fpsS Cu hm°v kXy-a-s√∂p
am{X-a-√, \nßƒ ]d-™-Xn¬ At\Iw tZmjßƒ D≠m-Ip-hm\pw CS-bp-≠v. ""D]-ÿnXw ]cnXy-Pym-\p-]-ÿnXw bmNX CXn _m[n- X\ymbx'' F∂mWv imkv{X-h-N-\w. Hcp-h≥
as‰m-cp-h\
- p≈ `£-W]
- Z- m¿Y-ßs
- f√mw hnfºn
h®v DÆm≥ £Wn- ° p- t ºmƒ Abmƒ
AsX√mw Dt]-£n®v thsd h√Xpw `£n-∏m≥
In´ptam F∂-t\z-jn-®p-sIm≠v Aßp-anßpw
Ae- ™ p- \ - S - ° p∂ ]£w Abmsf Bcpw
_p≤nam-\mbn AwKo-I-cn-°p-I-bn-√. Fs¥∂m¬, A-h≥ D]-ÿn-X-sØ˛kao-]-ap-≈-hkv X p- h n- s \- ˛ - D - t ]- £ n®v A\p- ] - ÿ n- X - s Ø˛
Iøn¬ In´mØ ]Zm¿YsØ˛kºm-Zn-°p-hm≥
{]b-Xv\n-°p-I-bmWp sNøp-∂-Xv. AØ-c-°mcs‚ {]hr-Øn-t]m-se-Xs∂ \nß-fpsS hm°pw
_p≤n- i q- \ y- a m- b n- ´ p- ≈ - X m- W v . Fs¥- ∂ m¬
\nßƒ hncmSv apX-emb ]Z-ßƒ°p {]kn≤ßfpw {]am-W-kn-≤-ß-fp-amb A¿Y-ß-sf˛
AXm-b-Xv, k¿th-iz-c≥, {_“mWvUw apXemb D]-ÿn-Xm¿Y-ßsf ]cn-Xy-Pn-®v, Akw`m-hy-ßf
- pw, A\p-]ÿ
- n-Xß
- f
- p-amb tZhm-Zn-Isf
{Kln-°p-hm≥ {ian-°p-I-bm-Wt√m sNøp-∂-Xv.
Aßs\ sNøp-∂-Xn\p {]am-Whpw bp‡n-bpan-√, ]Z-ß-fpsS A¿Yw kµ¿`m-\p-k-cWw
{Kln-°-Ww. kµ¿`-Øn\p tbmPn-®n-cn-°p∂
A¿Yw GtXm AXmWv kzoIm-cyw.
Hcp-h≥ Xs‚ `rXy-t\m-Sv, ""tl `rXy
Xzw ssk‘-h-am-\b''F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. ""FtSm
`rXym! \o ssk‘hw sIm≠p-hc
- nI'' F∂mWv
AXns‚ A¿Yw. Aßs\ ]d-bp-tºmƒ B
`rXy≥ AXp ]d™ Ah-k-c-sØ-∏-‰n, AXmbXv kµ¿`s-Ø-∏‰n Btem-Nn®p t\mt°-≠Xm-h-iy-am-Wv. ssk‘-h-Øn\p IpXn-c, D∏v
F∂p c≠¿Y-ap≠v. bP-am-\≥ bm{X ]pd-s∏Sp∂ ka-b-am-sW-¶n¬ IpXn-csb sIm≠ph-cnIbpw `£-W-k-a-b-am-sW-¶n¬ D∏v sIm≠p-hcn-I-bpamWv th≠-Xv. bm{Xm-cw-`-Øn¬ D∏pw
`£-W-k-a-bØv IpXn-c-tbbpw sIm≠p-h∂p
sImSp-°p∂ `rXy-t\mSv bP-am-\≥ tIm]n®v
C{]-Imcw ]d-bpw˛ ""FSm, \o _p≤n-bn-√m-Øh-\m-Wv. bm{X-]p-d-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ D∏pw, `£Ww
Ign-°p-tºmƒ IpXn-c-tbbpw sIm≠ph-∂p -X-
a{¥-Øns‚ A¿Yw
1. Hmw Jw {_“. (bPpcvthZw˛40.17)
t\m°pI thZ-ß-fn¬ Cu amXn-cn-bp≈
{]I-c-W-ß-fn¬ "Hmw' apX-emb i_vZ-ßƒ
k¿th-iz-cs‚ t]cp-I-fm-bn´mWv
{]tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≈-Xv.
2. Hman-tXy-X-Z-£-c-ap-ZvKo-Y-ap-]m-koX.
(OmtµmtKym]\n-jXv1.1)
3. Hman-tXy-X-Z-£-c-anZw kcvhw. Xtkym]
hymJym\w (amWvUqtIym]-\n-jXv1.1)
4. kcvth thZm bXv]-Z-am-a-\¥n X]mwkn
kcvhm-Wn N bZzZ¥n bZn-—t¥m
{_“-Ncyw Nc¥n XtØ ]Zav
kw{K-tlW {_ho-taym-an-tXy-XX.v
(I-tTm]-\n-jXv h√n 2.15)
5. {]im-kn-Xmcw kcvth-jm-a-Wobmav
ka-tWm-c]n. cpIvam`w kz]v\[o-Kayav
hnZymØw ]pcpjw ]cav (a-\pkvarXn˛12.122)
6. GX-a·nw hZt¥ytI a\p-at\y
{]Pm-]Xnw. C{µ-tatI ]tc {]mW-a-]tc
{_“- im-izXav (a-\pkvarXn˛12.123)
7. k {_“m k hnjvWpx
k cp-{Z- in-ht mf£c ]cax kzcm-Sv.
k C{µ Imem-·n N{µamx 5
8. C{µw an{Xw hcp-W-a·namlp-ctYm
Znhy k kp]cvtWm Kcp-flm≥.
GIw kZzn{]m _lp[m hZ-¥y·nw
baw amX-cn-izm-\-amlpx. (EtKzZw˛1.164.46)
9. - `q-ckn `qan-c-ky-Zn-Xn-ckn
hniz[mbm hnizky `ph-\ky [cv{Xo
]rYn-hnw -b— ]rYnhow ZrMvl
]rYnhow am lnMvkox. (b-PpcvthZw˛13.18)
5 ssIh-teym-]-\n-jXv (1.8)
2
H∂mw kap-√mkw
10. Ct{µm a”m tcmZko ]{]-Y-—h C{µx
kqcyatcm-N-bXv. Ct{µ -l -hnizm
`ph-\m-\n -tb-anc Ct{µ kzm\mk Cµ-hx.
(km-athZw˛6.8.2.)
11. {]mWmb \tam bky kcvh-anZw hti.
tbm `qXx kcvh-tky-iztcm bkvan¥v
kcvhw {]Xn-jvTn-Xav (A-Ycvhth-Zw˛11.4.1)
A¿Yw:-˛ Cu {]am-W-ß-sf√mw ChnsS FSpsØ-gp-Xp-∂-Xns‚ Xmev]cyw, CuamXn-cn-bp≈
hN-\-ß-fn¬, h∂Xp t]mse, HmwImcw apXem- b ]Z- ß ƒ°v ]c- a m- X v a mhv F∂¿Y- a msW∂p ImW-n-°pI am{X-am-Ip-∂p. \n¿≤\∑mcm-bn-´p-≈-h¿°v "[\-]Xn" apX-emb t]cp-Iƒ
CSm-dp-≠v. Ah tIhew \nc¿Y-IßfmW-t√m.
AXp t]mse \nc¿Y-I-amb t]cp-Iƒ Cuizc\n-√. Cuiz-cs‚ t]cp-Iƒ°v Nne-bn-SØv
sKuWnIhpw a‰p Nne-bn-SØp Im¿an-Ihpw
thsd Nne-bn-SØp kzm`m-hn-I-hpamb 6 A¿Yß-fm-Wp-≈-Xv.
1. (Hmw Jw)"Hmw' "Jw' F∂p XpS-ßnb DZml-cW
- ß
- f
- n¬ Hm¶m-cmZn kw⁄Iƒ°v A¿Yap-≠v. ""Ah-Xo-tXymav. BIm-i-an-h- hym-]-IXzmXv Jw. kcvtht`ym _rl-XzmZv {_“.''.
c£n-bv°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Hmw F∂pw BImiw
t]mse k¿hhym]nbm- b Xp sIm≠v "Jw'
F∂pw, as‰- ¥ n- t \- ° mfpw hep- X m- I - b m¬
"{_“' sa∂pw k¿th-iz-c\p t]cp-Iƒ D≠mbn.
2. (Hm-an-tXy) "Hmw' bmsXm-∂ns‚ \ma-t[b-amtWm bmsXm∂v Hcn-°epw \in-°p-∂n√tbm AXn-s\-bm-Wv D]m-kn-t°-≠Xv; as‰m∂n-s\-b-√.
3. (Hm-an-tXy-X) "Hmw' ]c-am-flm-hns‚ F√m
\ma-ß-fnepw sh®v G‰hpw {][m-\-hpw \nP-hpamb \ma-am-sW∂p kI-e-th-Zm-Zn-im-kv{X-ßfnepw ]d-b-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. a‰p≈ t]cp-I-sf√mw
sKuWnI-ß-fm-Wv.
4. (kcvh-thZmx ) kIe thZ-ßfpw, [¿am\p-jvTm-\-cq-]-ß-fmb X]- p-Ifpw bmsXm∂ns\ {]iw-kn-bv°p-Ibpw BZ-cn-°p-Ibpw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
sNøp-∂pthm, bmsXm∂ns\ {]m]n-bv°p-hm\p≈ C—-sIm≠p a\p-jy≥ {_“-N-cym-{iasØ A\p-jvTn-°p-∂pthm AXns‚ t]cv Hmw
F∂m-Ip-∂p.
5. ({]-im-kn-Xm-c-av) F√m-h¿°pw in£\¬Ip-∂h\pw, kq£va-ß-fn¬ sh®p kq£vaX-a\pw, kzbw {]Im-i-kz-cq-]\pw, kam-[n-ÿamb _p≤n-sIm≠v Adn-bp-hm≥ tbmKy-\p-ambn-´p≈ Ah≥ ]c-a-]p-cp-j\
-- m-sW-∂-dn-b-Ww.
6. (G-Xa
- ·
- n-av) {]Imikzcq-]\
- m-bX
- p-sIm≠v
A·n F∂pw, hn⁄m-\-kz-cq-]-\m-b-Xp-sIm≠v
a\p F∂pw, F√m-h-tcbpw ]men-°p-∂-XpsIm
≠v {]Pm-]Xn F∂pw, ]c-ssa-izcyimen-bm-Ibm¬ C{µ≥ F∂pw, F√m-‰n-s‚bpw \ne\nev]n\v aqe-Im-c-W-am-I-bm¬ {]mW≥ F∂pw,
\nc- ¥ c 7 hym- ] - I - a m- b n- c n- ° p- ∂ XpsIm≠v
{_“w F∂pw Cuiz-c\p t]cp h∂p.
7. (k-{_“m k hnjvWpx) temIw apgp-h\pw
krjvSn-®Xp ImcWw {_“mhv 8 F∂pw, F√mbn-SØpw hym]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v hnjvWp
F∂pw, ZpjvS∑
- msc in£n®p hne-]n-∏n°p-∂Xp
sIm≠v cp{Z≥ F∂pw, kzbw awK-f-kz-cq-]\pw
a‰p- ≈ - h ¿°v awK- f - { ]- Z- \ p- a m- I - b m¬ inh≥
F∂pw, B k¿th-iz-c\v t]cp-Iƒ h∂p.
1 bx kcvhaiv\ptX \ £c-Xn \ hn\iyXn
XZ-£cw
2 bx kzbw cmPtX k kzcm-Sv.
3 tbmf·n-cnh Imex Ie-bnXm {]f-b-I¿Øm
k Imem-·n-co-izc:
A£cx F∂ ]Z- Ø n\v k¿h- h ym]nbpw \mi-c-ln-X-\pam-bn-´p-≈-h≥ F∂¿Y
amWv. kzbw {]Im-i-kz-cq-]-am-b-Xp-sIm-≠mWv
kzcmSv F∂ t]cp h∂-Xv. {]f-b-Im-e-Øn¬
kakvXhkvXp-°-fp-sSbpw Ime\pw, Imes‚
Ime-\p-am-bXpsIm≠pw Cuiz-cs\ Imem-·n
F∂p hnfn-°p-∂p.
8. (C{µw an{Xav ) bmsXm-∂v, AZzn-Xo-bhpw,
kXy-{_-“h
- p-amb hkvXp-hm-Ip-∂p-thm, AXn\v
C{µ≥ apX-emb t]cp-If
- p-≠v. "Zypjp ipt≤jp
]ZmcvtYjp `hm Znhyx' {]Ir-XymZn Znhy-
6. KuWnIw ˛ KpWsØ Bkv ] - Z - a m- ° n- b p- ≈ Xpw,
Im¿anIw ˛ I¿asØ Bkv]Z- a
- m-°n-bp-≈Xpw, kzm`m-hnIw
˛ kz`m-hsØ ASn-ÿm-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bp-≈-Xp-amWv. Cu
A[ym-bØ
- nse 100 t]cp-Ifpw Ch-bn-tem-tcm-∂ns\ Ipdn°p-∂p.
7. \nc-¥cw = A¥-c-an-√msX, AIhpw ]pdhpw k¿h{X
hym]-I-sa-∂¿Yw AXm-bXv F√m-‰nepw hepXv F∂
"_rlhr≤yu' ([mXp]mTw˛1.488) F∂ [mXp-hn¬ \n∂v
Cu {_“kw⁄ kn≤n-°p∂p.
8. Cu {_“kw⁄ "_rlq DZy-at\' ([mXp]mTw˛6.59)
F∂ [mXp-hn¬ \n∂v kn≤n-°p∂p.
3
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
]Zm¿Y- ß - f n- s e√mw hym]n- ® n- c n- ° p- ∂ - h ≥
Znhy≥. "tim`-\m\n ]cvWm\n ]me-\m-\n,
]qcvWm\n IcvamWn hm b-ky- k- (kp-]cvWx)'
DØa ]me-\mZnI¿a-ßƒ ]q¿W-am-bn-cn-°p-∂h≥ kp]¿W≥. tbm Kpcvhmflm k K-cp-flm≥.
GsXm-∂n-s‚ Bflm-hv˛ AYhm kzcq-]w, alØmtWm AXv Kcp-flm≥. "tbm amXcnizm
hmbp-cnh _e-hm≥ k am-X-cnizm' hmbp-h-ns\-t∏mse Af-h‰ _e-ap-≈-h-\mbn h¿Øn°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ "amX-cnizm' F∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂p. Cßs\ Ah-b-hm¿Yw t\m°p-tºmƒ
Znhy≥. kp]¿W≥, Kcp-flm≥, amX-cnizm
F∂n-h-sb√mw Cuiz-cs‚ \ma-ß-fm-sW∂p
shfn-hm-Ip-∂p. k¿th-iz-cs‚ a‰p \ma-ß-fpsS
A¿Yw ]n∂oSv hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
9. (`q-an-c-kn) ""`h¥n `qXm\n bkymw km
`qanx'' 9 k¿h-N-cm-N-c-ßfpw Cuiz-c-\n¬
h¿Øn-°p-∂-XpsIm≠v Cuiz-c\v `qan F∂
t]cp-ap-≠v. Cu thZ-hm-Iy-Øn-ep≈ a‰p \maß-fpsS A¿Yw ]n∂oSv Fgp-Xmw.
10. (C-t{µm- a-”m) Cu a{¥-Øn-ep≈ "C{µ'
kw⁄ Cuiz- c s\ Ipdn- ° p- ∂ Xp sIm≠v
ChnsS {]am-W-ambn FSp-sØ-gp-Xn-b-Xm-Wv.
11. ({]m-Wm-b) ico-c-Øn-ep≈ kI-em-h-bh- ß fpw C{µn- b - ß fpw Fßs\ {]mWs‚
A[o-\-Øn-em-b n-c n-°p-∂ pthm AXp-t]mse
temIw apgp-h\pw Cuiz-cs‚ A[o-\-Øn-emWv
Ccn-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬ Cuiz-c\p {]mW≥
F∂ t]cp h∂p.
Cß- s \- b p≈ {]am- W - ß - f psS icn- b mb
A¿Yw a\- n-em-°p-∂-tXm-Sp-IqSn Cu \maßƒ Cuiz-cs‚ ]cym-b-ß-fm-sW∂p shfn-hmIp-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ HmwIm-c-Øn-s‚bpw AKv\n
apX-emb \ma-ß-fp-sSbpw apJym¿Yw "Cuizc≥' F∂p-X-s∂-bm-Wv. Ejn-ap-\n-am¿ cNn-®n´p≈ hymI-c-Ww, \ncp-‡w, {_m“-Ww, kq{Xßƒ apX-emb hymJym-\-ß-fn¬ Cuiz-c-s\∂
apJym¿Y-amWv {Kln®p ImWp-∂X
- v. AXp-Xs
- ∂bmWv \Ω-sf-√m-hcpw {Kln-t°-≠-Xv. F∂m¬
HmwImcw ]c-ta-iz-c\p am{X-ap≈ \mat[-b-amWv. A·n apX-emb \ma-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Cuiz-cs\∂p {Kln-°p-∂Xp {]I-c-W-sØbpw hntij-ß-sfbpw A\p-k-cn-®m-Wv. CXn¬ \n∂p
kn≤n-°p-∂X
- v, GtXXp ÿm\ß-fn¬ kvXpXn,
{]m¿Y-\, D]m-k\ apX-emb {]I-c-W-ß-fpw,
k¿h-⁄≥, k¿h-hym-]n, ip≤≥, k\m-X\≥, krjvSn-I¿Ømhv apX-emb hnti-j-Wßfpw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´pt≠m Ahn-sS-sb√mw Cu
\ma- ß ƒ Cuiz- c - h m- N n- b m- s W- ∂ t{X.
F∂m¬:˛
XtXm- hn-cmU-Pm-b-X- hn-cmtPm A[n ]qcpjx
(b-PpcvthZw 31.5)
t{im{Xm-Zzm-bp› {]mW› apJm-Z·
- ncPmbX
(b-PpcvthZw 31.12)
tX\ tZhm Ab-P¥ (b-PpcvthZw 31.9)
]›m-Zv`q-an-atYm ]pcx (b-PpcvthZw 31.5)
XkvamZzm GX-kvam-Zm-fl\ BIm-ix -kw-`qXx
BIm-im-Zzm-bpx. hmtbm-c·nx. At·cm]x.
AZv`yx ]rYnho. ]rYnhym Hmj-[-bx. Hmj[n-t`ymf-∂w. A∂m-t{ZXx tcXkx ]pcp-jx 10.
k hm Gj ]pcp-tjm-f-∂-c-k-abx
(ssX-Øn-co-tbm-]-\n-j-Zz-N-\w) 11
CØcw {]am-W-ß-fn¬ hncm-Sv, ]pcp-j≥,
tZh≥, BIm-iw, hmbp, A·n, Pew, `qan
CXymZn ]Z-ßƒ eu-In-I]
- Z- m¿Y-ßsf°pdn-°p∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ GtXXp ÿe-ß-fn¬ Dev]Øn, ÿnXn, {]f-bw, Aev]-⁄≥, PUw,
Zriyw F∂p XpS-ßnb hnti-j-W-ßƒ {]tbmKn-®n-´pt≠m Ahn-sS-sbßpw Cuiz-c-s\∂
A¿Yw {Kln-°-cp-Xv. Cuiz-c≥ Dev]-ØymZn
hyh-lm-c-ßƒ°-Xo-X-\m-Wv. Chn-sS-∏-d™
a{¥-ß-fn¬ Dev]-Øym-Zn-Iƒ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂Xn\m¬ ChnsS hncmSv apX-emb ]Z-ß-fn¬
\n∂v euIn-I-]-Zm¿Y-ßsf am{Xw {Kln-°-Ww.
Cuiz-c-s\∂¿Ysa-Sp-°-cp-Xv. k¿h-⁄≥ apXemb hnti-jßƒ ImWp-∂n-SØv ]c-amflm
hnt\bpw C—mtZzj- ß ƒ, kpJ- Z px- J - ß ƒ
Aev]⁄
Xzw apX-emb hnti-jW
- ß
- ƒ ImWp-
9. `qan i_vZw òamZn KW-Øn¬ D≈-Xm-Wv. òam-Ztbm
f]mZmt\ (3.4.74) F∂ AjvSm-[ymbo \nb-a{- ]-Imcw A]mZm-\-Øn¬ {]Xybw hcWw. {KŸ-Im-cs‚ DWm-Zn-tIm-iØn¬ 4.46 ˛mw hrØn "`h¥n ]ZmcvYmAkym-anXn `qanx'
F∂v hypev]Øn \¬Ip∂p. AXn-\m¬ ChnsS _lpe
{KlW kma-¿YyØm¬ A[n-I-c-W-Ønepw hypev]Øn
t_m[n-°Ww
10 ssXØ-cob Bc-WyIw ssXØ-cob D]-\n-jXvv F∂nh-bn¬ {]mtbW Hmj-[ot`ymf∂av, A∂mXv ]pcpj F∂
]mT-amWv ImWp∂Xv. ChnsS \n¿Zn-„a
- mb ]mTw ssXØcob Bc-WyIw 8.2 s‚ ]mTm¥c-Øn¬ D]-e-_v[-am-Wv.
B\-µm-{iaw ]q\m FUn-j-\nepw aWn-{]-`m-bp‡ GImZ-tim]\n-jØ
- nepw CtX ]mT-am-Wv.
11. {_“m-\-µ-h√n .1
4
H∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
Cuizcx BImiw XpS-ßnb kIe `qX-ßfpw
bmsXm- c p- h - \ n¬ {]th- i n®p ÿnXn- s Nøp∂pthm AYhm Ch-I-fn-se√mw {]th-in®v
Fßpw \nd™p h¿Øn-°p-∂pthm Ah≥
hniz≥. AXv Cuiz-c-\m-I-bm¬ hniz-i_vZw
Cuiz-c-hm-Nn-bm-bn.
hncm-Sv, A·n, hniz≥ F∂o \ma-ßsf√mw HmwIm-c-Ønse AIm-c-am-{X-bn¬ \n∂v
{Kln-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
"D'
lnc-Wy-K¿`≥:˛ ""tPymXn¿ssh lncWyw 16
tXtPm ssh lnc-Wyw 17 CssXy-X-tcbiX]Y{_m“-tW. 18 tbm lnc-Wym\mw kqcymZo\mw tXPkmw Kcv` Dev]Øn \nan-Ø-a-[nI-cWw k lnc-Wy-Kcv`x'' tXP-kzn-I-fmb
kqcymZntemI-ßƒ bmsXm-∂n¬ \n∂v DZv`hn-°p-Ibpw bmsXm-∂ns\ B{i-bn®v \ne\n¬°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂pthm AXv lnc-WyK¿`≥. AYhm tXP-kz-cq-]-ß-fmb kqcymZn
]Zm¿Y-ß-fpsS Dev]-Øn-ÿm-\hpw Ccn-∏n-S-hpambn h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv lnc-Wy-K¿`≥. AXv
Cuiz-c-\-√msX a‰m-cp-a-√. AXn-\m¬ lnc-WyK¿`≥ F∂ \maw Cuiz-c-t‚-Xm-Wv. CXn\v
{]am-W-ambn bPp¿th-Z-a{¥w t\m°pI: lncWy-Kcv`x ka-hcvØX
- mt{K `qX-ky P
- mXx ]XntcI BkoXv. k Zm-[mc ]rYnhow ZymaptXamw Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a. (bPp. 13.4) CØcw kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ lnc-Wy-K¿`
]Zw Cuiz-c-hm-Nn-bm-Wv.
hmbp:˛ ""hm, KXn-K-‘-\tbmx'' 19 F∂
[mXp-hn¬ \n∂v 'hmbp' kn≤n-°p-∂p. K‘\av
lnwk-\av 20 K‘\w F∂ ]Z-Øn\v lnwk\w
F∂¿Y-am-Wv. "tbm hmXn Ncmf-Ncw PK-≤cXn (Po-hb
- Xn {]e-b¥
- n) _en\mw _enjvTx
k hmbpx' Ncm-N-cm-fl-I-amb `ph-\sØ [cn-
tºmƒ Pohm-flm-hnt\bpw {Kln-°-W-sa-∂Xv
km¿h-{XnI \nb-a-am-Wv. ]c-ta-iz-c\p P\-\-a-cW-ßƒ Hcn-°epw kw`-hn-°p-∂n-√. AXn-\m¬
hncm-SmZn \ma-ß-fmepw P∑mZn hnti-j-W-ßfmepw PK-Ønse PUhpw Pohm-Zn-]Z- m¿Y-ßfpw
F∂v {K-ln-°-Ww. Cuiz-c-s\∂ A¿Yw kzoIcn-°-cp-Xv.
hncm-SmZn \ma-ß-fm¬ F{]-Imcw Cuiz-cs\∂ A¿Yw {Kln-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂p-sh∂v
Adn-bp-hm≥ Xmsg-s°m-Sp-°p∂ {]am-W-ßƒ
t\m°p-I.
"Hmw' s‚ hnkvXr-X- hym-Jym\w
"A'
hncmSv:˛ "hn' F∂ D]-k¿K-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb
cmPr,- Zo]v X u 12 F∂ [mXp- h n¬ Izn]v
{]Xybw tN¿°p-tºmƒ hncmSv F∂ cq]w
kn≤n-°p-∂p. "tbm hnhn[w \ma- NcmfNcw
PKZvcmP-bXn {]Im-i-bXn k hncmSv' hnhn[
Ncm-Nckzcq-]-amb hnizsØ Xs‚ tXP- psIm≠v {]Im-in-∏n-°p-∂h
- \
- mtcm Ah≥ hncmSvv.
AXv Cuiz-c≥ am{X-am-Ib
- m¬ hncmSv F∂ ]Zw
Cuiz-cs\ Ipdn-°p-∂p.
A·n:˛ ""A©p, KXn]qP-\tbmx'' 13 (AKv
AKn CWv KXycvY-I-) 14 Cu [mXp KXnsb
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. A·n-bpsS hyp¬]Øn Chbn¬ \n∂v kw`-hn-°p-∂p. KtX-kv{Xtbmf
cvYmx˛ KXn F∂ ]Z-Øn\v ⁄m\w, Ka\w,
{]m]vXn, F∂p aq∂¿Y-ap-≠v. ]qP-\-Øn\v
kXv°mcw F∂¿Y-am-Wv. tbmf ©Xn ANytXfAK-XyMvKtXyXn (hm) tkmfb-a·nx''
bmsXm-∂v ⁄m\-kz-cq-]-\pw, k¿h-⁄-\pw,
Adn-bp-hm-t\m, {]m]n-°p-hm-t\m, k¬°-cn-°phmt\m tbmKy-\p-amtWm Ah≥ A·n-bm-Ip∂p. A{]-Im-c-ap-≈-h≥ ]c-ta-iz-c-\m-Wv. AXn\m¬ A·n F∂ ]Zw Cuiz-cs‚ t]cm-Wv.
hniz≥:˛ "hni, {]th-it\' 15 F∂ [mXphn¬ \n∂m-Wv. hniz i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv.
hni¥n {]hn-jvSm\n kcvhm-Wym-Im-im-Zo\n
`qXm\n bkv a n≥. tbm hmffIm- i m- Z njp
kcv t hjp `qtXjp {]hnjv S x k hniz
16 iX]Y-{_m-“Ww 6.7.1.2 tPymXncv ssh ip{Iw
lnc-Wy-av. sFXtcb-{_m-“Ww 7.12
17 ssXØcob {_m“Ww 8.1.9.1
18 sFX-tcbw N- iX-]-Yw N- = sFXtcbiX-]Yav,
sFXtcbiX-]Yw N XZv {_m-“W
- av N sFXtcbiX
]Y-{_m“-Ww Xkvan≥ F∂p kam-kn-°Ww.
19 [mXp]mTw 2.43
20 _kvXK‘ AcvZt\ [mXp]mTw˛10. 152
AcvZ- lnw-km-bmav ˛ [m-Xp]mTw 10. 255
K‘\w acvZ\w CXn-£ocXcMvKnWymw IzmNnXv Ix
[mXp-]mThymJym\w (cmw- em¬ I]q¿ {SÃv) t]Pv178
12 [mXp-]mTw˛1.569
13 [mXp-]mTw˛1.115
14 AK-,AKn, C¨˛-[mXp]mTw˛1.538,1.88, 2.38
15 [mXp-]mTw˛6.133
5
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
hn¬ \n∂v {]⁄-i_vZw D≠m-Ip∂p. {]⁄
i_v Z Øn¬ X≤nX{]Xy- b w 27 tN¿Øm¬
{]m⁄]Zw D≠mIpw bx {]Ir--jvS-Xbm NcmfN- c ky PKtXm hyh- l mcw Pm\mXn k
{]⁄x. {]⁄ Gh {]m⁄x. kºq¿W {àc-ln-X-amb bYm¿Y-⁄m-\-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw
kI-e-N-cm-N-c-ß-fp-sSbpw hyh-lm-c-ßsf icnbmbn Adn-bp-∂Xpw k¿h-⁄-\p-amb Cuizcs‚ \ma-t[-b-amWv {]m⁄≥ F∂ ]Zw.
Cuiz-c≥, BZn-Xy≥, {]m⁄≥ F∂o
\ma-ßƒ HmwIm-c-Ønse aIm-c-Øn¬ \n∂p
{Kln-®-h-bm-Wv. HmwIm-c-Øn-e-¥¿`hn® aq∂p
am{X-If
- n¬ Hmtcm-∂n-sebpw aq∂v A¿Yw hoXw
ChnsS hymJym-\n-®p. CXp-t]mse thsdbpw
At\-I-\m-a-ßƒ HmwIm-c-Øn¬ A¥¿`-hn-®n´p≠v
°p-Ibpw kwl-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂, _e-hm∑m-cn¬ _en-jvT-\mb B k¿t-hiz-c-\mWv
hmbp.
ssXP-k≥:˛""XnP, \nimt\'' 21F∂ [mXphn¬ \n∂v tXPx kn≤n-°p-∂p. tXP-i-_vZ-Øn
¬ Hcp X≤n- X - { ]- X ybw 22 Iqń- t ®¿Øm¬
ssXP-ki_vZw D≠m-Ipw. kzbw {]Im-i-kzcq-]\pw kqcym-Zn-tem-I-ßsf {]Im-in-∏n-°p-∂h-\p-am-I-bm¬ Cuiz-cs‚ t]cv ssXP-k≥
F∂m-Wv.
lnc-Wy-K¿`≥, hmbp, ssXP-k≥ F∂o
\ma-ßƒ HmwIm-cØ
- nse DIm-ca
- m-{X-bn¬ \n∂p
{Kln-°p-∂p.
"av'
Cuiz-c≥:˛ ""Cui-, sF-iztcy'' 23 F∂
[mXp-hn¬ \n∂mWv Cuiz-c-i-_vZ-kn-≤n. "b'
Cjv t S kcv s shiz- c y- h m≥ hcv X - t X k
Cuizcx kXy-hn-Nm-c-io-ew, ⁄m\w apX-emb
AkwJyw sFiz-cy-ß-fp≈ km£m¬ ]c-amflm-hn-s\-bmWv Cuiz-c-s\∂p hnfn-°p-∂-Xv.
BZn-Xy≥;˛ ""tZm, Ah-JW
- vUt\'' 24 F∂
[mXp-hn¬ \n∂v (\Rv Ahyb D]-]-Z-am-Ibm¬˛D- ] - ] Zw apºn- e p≈ ]Zw- ) AZnXn
i_vZsØ hypev]m-Zn-∏n®v B AZn-Xn-bn¬
X≤nX{]Xybw tN¿Øm¬ BZn-Xy-i_vZw
e`n-°pw. 25 ""\ hnZytX hn\mtimf bky
tkmb-a-Zn-Xnx. AZn-Xn-tch BZnXyx'' Hcp- ImeØpw \mi-an-√mØ k¿th-iz-cs
- \-bmWv BZnXy≥ F∂ \ma-Øm¬ {Kln-t°-≠-Xv.
{]m⁄≥:˛ "{]' F∂ D]-k¿K-tØmSp
IqSnb ""⁄m, Ah-t_m-[-t\ 26'' F∂ [mXp-
an{X≥ apX-e-mb-h-bpsS hymJym\w
""iwt\m an{Xx'' F∂p XpS-ßp∂ a{¥-Øn¬
ImWp∂ an{X≥ apX-emb ]Z-ßfpw Cuizcs\°pdn-°p∂ t]cp-Iƒ Xs∂. Fs¥-∂m¬
kvXpXn, {]m¿Y-\, D]m-k\ F∂n-hb
- v°¿l≥
t{ijvT-\m-b-h≥ am{X-am-Wv. KpWw, I¿aw,
kz`m-hw, kXy-hy-h-lmcw F∂n-h-bn¬ F√mh-sc-°mfpw Hu∂Xyw D≈-h-\t{X t{ijvT≥.
t{ijvT-∑m-cn¬sh®v t{ijvT≥ Cuiz-c-\m-Wv,
a‰m-cp-a-√. Cuiz-c\v Xpey≥ apºv D≠m-bn-ń-√,
Ct∏mƒ C√. C\n D≠m-hp-I-bp-an-√. At∏mƒ
Cuiz-c-t\-°mƒ D∂-X-\mb as‰m-cp-h≥ Fßs\-bp-≠m-Im-\mWv? kXyw, \ymbw, Zb, k¿hI¿akm- a ¿Yyw, k¿h- ⁄ Xzw apX- e mb
AkwJyw KpW-ßƒ Cuiz-c-\p-≈-Xp-t]mse
GsX-¶nepw PU-]-Zm¿Y-Ønt\m Pohm-flmhnt\m C√. kXy-am-b-Xns‚ KpW-I¿akz`m-hßfpw kXy-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXn-\m¬ a\p-jy-sc√m-hcpw k¿th-iz-c-s\-bmWv {]m¿Yn-°p-I-bpw,
kvXpXn-°p-Ibpw D]m-kn-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xv.
as‰m-∂n-t\-bp-a-√. {_“m-hv, hnjvWp, inh≥
F∂p t]tcm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]ucm-WnIhnZzm-∑m-cpw,
ssZXy-∑m¿, Zm\-h-∑m¿ XpS-ßnb \nIr-jvS-a\pjycpw CXc km[m-cWa\p-jycpw ]q¿Whn-izm-k-tØmSp IqSn kvXpXn-°pIbpw {]m¿Yn°p-I-bpw, D]m-kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂Xv
19 [mXp]mTw˛1.698
22 {]⁄m-`n-`y› (AjvSm[ymbn˛5.4.38)
F∂ kq{X-Øm¬ {]⁄m-Zn-bpsS BIrXn
KW-Øm¬ kzm¿Y-Øn¬ "AWv'{]Xybw.
23 [mXp]mTw˛2.10
24 [mXp]mTw˛4.39
25 ZnXy-Zn-Xym-Zn-Xy-]X
- yp-Øc ]ZmWyx (AjvSm[ymbn˛4.1.85)
F∂ kq{X{]-Imcw {]mKvZo-hy-Xo-bm¿Y-Øn¬ "Wy'
{]Xybw h∂v BZn-Xy-kn-≤n. kzm¿Y-Øn¬ X≤nX
{]Xy-ba
- mWv al¿jo-aX
- w. "NmXpcvhcvWym-Zo\mw
kzm¿Y D]-kw-Jym-\av' F∂ alm-`mjyhm¿XnI
{]Imcw (alm-`mjyw˛5.1.124) kzm¿Y-Øn¬ "jyRv'
{]Xybw. NmXp¿h¿WymZn BIr-Xn-KW
- a
- m-Wv.
26 [mXp]mTw˛9.40
27 {]⁄m-Zn-`y› (AjvSm[ymbn˛5.4.38) F∂
kq{X-{]-Imcw kzm¿Y-Øn¬ "A¨' {]Xybw
6
H∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
flt\m hrtWmXn; bx injvssScvapap-£p-`n[cvam-fl`nx {hnbtX hcvø-tX hm k hcpWx
]c-ta-izcx'' BcmtWm tbmKnI-tfbpw hnZzm∑m-tcbpw ap‡n-bm-{K-ln-°p-∂-h-tc-bpw ap‡∑m- t c- b pw [¿a- Ø n¬ \njv T - b p- ≈ - h - t cbpw
AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂Xv AYhm injvT-∑mcpw apap£p-°fpw ap‡-∑mcpw [¿am-flm-°fpw Bsc
AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂pthm B Cuiz-c-\t{X hcpW≥. IqSmsX ""hcp-tWm-\ma hcx t{ijvTx''
AXm-bXv hcp-W\v t{ijvT≥ F∂¿Y-ap-≠v.
Cuiz-c≥ F√m-h-tc-°mfpw t{ijvT-\m-b-XpsIm≠v At±-l-Øns\ hcp-W-s\∂p hnfn-°mhp-∂-Xm-Wv.
Acyamx˛ ""E, KXn{]m]-W-tbmx'' 32 F∂
[mXp-hn¬ bXv 33 {]Xybw Iqń-t®¿Øm¬
Acy i_vZw kn≤n-°pw. Acy- i-_vZ-]q¿h-Iamb "amMv, amt\i_vtZ N' 34 F∂ [mXphn¬ I\n≥ 35 {]Xybw tN¿-Øm¬ Acyam
F∂ ]Zhpw hypev]-∂-am-Ipw. tbmfcvbym≥
kzmant\m \ymbm-[-oim≥ anaotX am\ym≥
ItcmXn tkmfcyam'' kXyhpw \ymbhpw A\pjvTn-°p∂ a\p-jysc am\n-°p-Ibpw ]pWy]m]-ßƒ sNøp-∂-h¿°v AXm-Xns‚ êsØ
bYmXY-ambn \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp∂ Cuiz-cs‚
t]¿ "Acya' F∂m-Ip-∂p.
C{µ≥:˛ ""CZn, ]c-ssa-iz-tcy'' 36F∂ [mXphn¬ c≥ 37 {]Xybw tN¿°p-∂X
- m-bm¬ C{µ≥
F∂ ]Zw D≠m-Ipw. ""b CµXn ]c-ssa-iz-cyhm≥ `hXn k C{µx ]c-ta-izcx'' kIe
sFiz-cy-ß-tfmSpw IqSnb Cuiz-cs‚ t]¿
C{µ≥ F∂m-Wv.
_rl-kv]Xn:˛ _rlXv F∂ ]Zw D]-]-Zambn´p≈ ""]m, c£tW'' 38 F∂ [mXp-hn¬
UXn {]Xy-bw 39 tN¿Øv D]-]-Z-Ønse XIm-
k¿th-iz-c-s\-bm-Wv. as‰m-∂n-t\-bp-a-√. AXpsIm≠v Aßs\ Xs∂ sNøp- ∂ - X mWv
\ap°pw DNn-Xw. Cu hnj-b-sØ-∏‰n tamt£m]m-k-\-I-sf-∏‰n N¿®-sN-øp-tºmƒ khn-ti-jambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-°mw.
an{X≥ apX-em-bh Cuiz-c-hmNn
tNmZyw:˛ an{XmZn \ma- ß ƒ°v kplr- Ø v ,
F∂pw C{µmZn tZh-X-Iƒ°v \S-∏n-en-cn-°p∂
A¿Yw I≠v Ahsb A{]-Im-chpw {Kln-t°≠-Xt√?
kam-[m\w:-˛ ChnsS B A¿Y-ßƒ kzoI-cn°p-∂Xp icn-b-√.- F-s¥-∂m¬ temI-Øn¬
Hcp-hs‚ kplr-Øm-bn-cn-°p-∂-bmƒ as‰m-cphs‚ i{Xp-hmbpw thsdm-cp-hs‚ i{Xpthm
an{Xtam A√msXbpw h¿Øn-°p-∂p. AXn\m¬ an{Xm- Z n- \ m- a - ß - f psS apJym¿Yambn
kplrØv apX- e m- b - h sb kzo- I - c n- ° - c p- X v .
IqSmsX F{]-Imcw Cuiz-c≥ \nb-ta\ temIØns‚ apgp-h\pw kplr-Øm-bn-cn-°p-I-bpw,
Bcp-sSbpw i{Xpthm ]£-]m-Xntbm BImXn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-thm, A{]-Imcw Bbncn-°p-hm≥ Hcp Pohm-flm-hn\pw Ign-bp-∂-X-√.
AXn-\m¬ Cu {]I-c-W-Øn¬ an{XmZn \maß-fpsS apJym¿Y-ambn {Kln-t°-≠Xv Cuizc-s\-∂m-Wv. KuWm¿Y-Øn¬ kplr-sØ∂pw
a‰pw D≈ A¿Yhpw kzoIm-cy-am-Wv.
an{X≥:˛ ""RnanZm, kvt\lt\'' 28 F∂
[mXp-hn¬ HuWm-Zn-I-amb {‡{]-Xy-bw 29
tN¿∂p an{X-i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""taZy-Xn- kv\nlyXn kv\nlytX hm k an{Xx'' F√m-hscbpw kvt\ln-°p-∂-h≥ As√-¶n¬ F√mhcpw {]km-Zn-∏n-t°-≠-h-\m-b-Xp-sIm≠v Cuizc\v an{X≥ F∂p t]cm-bn.
hcp-W≥:-˛ ""hrRv-, h-ctW; hc, Cu]vkmbmw'' 30 F∂o [mXp-°-fn¬ DWmZn D\≥ 31
{]Xybw tN¿∂n-´mWv hcp-W-i-_vZ-ap-≠m-Ip-∂Xv. bx kcvhm≥ injvSm≥ apap-£q≥ [cvam-
32 [mXp]mTw˛1.670
33 Acyx- kzmansshiytbmx (AjvSm[ym-bn˛3.1.103)
F∂-Xn¬ "kzman' F∂¿Y-Øn¬ "bXv' {]Xy-bm-¥a
- mb
\n]mXw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
34 [mXp]mTw˛3.6
35 iz∂p-£≥...-Ac
- y-a≥.... (DWmZn-tImiw˛1.159)
F∂-Xn¬ I\n\v˛{]Xy-bm¥ \n]mXw.
36 [mXp]mTw˛1.51
37 Et{P-{µm{K (DWm-Zn-tImiw˛2.28) F∂ kq{X-Øn¬
"c\v' {]Xy-bm¥w \n]m-Xw.
38 [mXp]mTw˛2.49.
39 ]mtX¿UXnx (DWmZn-tImiw˛4.58)
28 [mXp]mTw˛4.129
29 DWmZntImiw (4.165) Aan-Nnan-Zn-iw-kn-`yx {‡x
kq{X-{]Imcw "{‡x' {]tbm-K-sØ-t∏mse "anRv'
(kzm-Zn) [mXp-hn\pw hypev]Øn Im´p-∂p.
30 hrRv, hc-tW. ([mXp]mTw˛5.8)
hc, Cu]vkmbmav. (-[mXp]mTw˛10.280)
31 IrhrZm-cn-`y D
- \
- ≥ (DWmZn-tIm-iw˛3.53) _lpe {KlW
-Øm¬ "hc' [mXp-hn¬\n∂pw D\≥ {Kml-y-am-Wv.
7
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
c-Øn\p tem]hpw kpSv F∂ BK-a-hpw 40
hcp-Øn-bm¬ _rl-kv]Xn F∂ cq]w In´pw.
""tbm _lrXmw BIm-im-Zo\mw ]Xnx kzmao
]me-bnXm k _rl-kv]X
- nx. hen-bh
- c
- n¬ henb-h\pw BIm-imZn {_“m-WvU-ß-sf-sb√mw
ImØp-c-£n-°p-∂-h-\p-amb Ah-\mWv _rlkv]-Xn. AXv Cuiz-c-\m-I-bm¬ _rl-kv]Xn
F∂Xv PK-Zo-iz-cs‚ t]cm-Wv.
hnjvWp:˛ ""hnjver, -hym-]vXu'' 41 F∂
[mXp-hn¬ \p 42 F∂ {]Xybw tN¿°p-I.
F∂m¬ hnjvWp F∂ cq]w In´pw.
""ththjvSn hym]vt\mXn Ncmf-Ncw PKXv k
hnjvWpx'' ÿmh-c-Pw-Ka hkvXp-°ƒ sIm≠p
krjvSn-®n-´p≈ Cu temI-Øn-seßpw hym]I-\mb Cuiz-cs\ hnjvWp F∂p hnfn-°p-∂p.
Dcp-{I-a≥:˛ ""Dcpcva-lm≥ {Iax ]cm-{I-tambky k Dcp-{Iax'' Af-h‰ ]cm-{I-a-ap-≈-XpsIm≠v Cuiz-c\v Dcp-{I-a≥ F∂p t]cp-≠mbn.
a{¥m¿Yw: (kap√mkm-cw-`-Ønse a{¥-Øn¬ Dcp-
_rl-Øa
- \
- pw, Af-h‰ _e-ap-≈h
- \pw k¿thm]- c n- b mbn hnf- ß p- ∂ - h \pw ]c- { _- “ - s a∂p
hnJym-X-\p-amb ]c-am-flm-hns\ Rßƒ \akv I - c n- ° p- ∂ p. tl! k¿th- i zcm (Xz- t ah
{]Xy£w {_“m-kn) Ahn-Sp∂p Xs∂-bmWp
k¿hm-¥-cym-an-bm-bn-cp∂v {]Xy-£-{_-“-ambn
hnf-ßp-∂-Xv. (Xzmtah {]Xy£w {_“ hZnjym-an) Rm≥ Aß-sb-Ø-s∂bmWv {]Xy-£{_-“-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬ Ahn-Sp∂v
Fßpw \nd- ™ - h - \ m- b n- c p∂v F√m- h ¿°pw
F∂pw {]m]y-\mbn h¿Øn-°p-∂p.
(EXw hZn-jym-an) \n¥n-cp-h-SnbpsS thZ-ßfn¬ ImWs∏-Sp∂ A\p-im-k-\-ßsf Rm≥
F√m-h¿°pw D]tZin°p-Ibpw kzbw A\pjvTn-°p-Ibpw sNømw. (kXyw hZn-jym-an)
Rm≥ kXysØ a\\w sNømw. kXyw ]dbmw. A\p-jvTm-\-Ønepw kXysØ c£n-°mw.
(X-∑m-a-h-Xp) AXn-\m¬ Ahn-Sp∂v Fs∂
ImØp-c-£n-®m-epw. (X-Zz‡mc-a-h-Xp) B]vX\m-b-˛-kXyw ]d-bp-∂-˛-Fs∂ Aßv c£n-®mepw. Fs‚ _p≤n Ahn-SpsØ B⁄-Isf
AN- © - e - X - t bm- S p- I qSn A\p- k - c n- ° p- I - b pw
Ahbn¬ \n∂v hyXn-N-en-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp- a m- d m- I - s ´. Fs¥- ∂ m¬ Ahn- S psØ
B⁄-Iƒ Xs∂-bmWv bYm¿Y-amb [¿aw.
AXn\v hncp-≤-am-b-sX√mw A[¿a-am-Wv. (AhXp ama- h Xp h‡m- c w) c≠m- a - X v 4 5
Bh¿Øn®p ]d-™Xv \n›-bsØ tZymXn-∏n°m-\m-Ip-∂p. Hcp-h≥ CX-c-t\m-Sv, Xzw {Kmaw
K— K— F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. ChnsS "K—' F∂
{Inbm-]Zw c≠p-X-hW Bh¿Øn-®n-´p-≈-Xn\m¬ ""\o DS-\Sn {Kma-Øn-te°p t]mIWw''
F∂¿Yw In´p-∂p. AXp-t]mse Cu {]I-c-WØnepw ]p\-cm-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ A¿Yw, AhnSp∂v Fs∂ \n›-b-ambpw c£n-°-Ww. Fs‚
a\ v [¿a-Øn¬ ZrVambn Dd®p \n¬°p-Ibpw
A[¿asØ shdp-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ø-°-hÆw
I\n-™-\p-{K-ln-°-Ww. AXv hen-sbmcp D]Im-c-ambn Rm≥ hnNm-cn°pw F∂m-Wv. (Hmw
im¥nx im¥nx im¥nx) B[ym-fln-Iw, B[n-
{Ia XpS-ßnb ]Z-ßf
- psS D]-tbmKw {i≤n-°pI. ]cn`mjI≥) (D-cp-{I-ax) henb ]cm-{I-a-tØmSp IqSn-b-
h\pw (an-{Xx) F√m-h-cp-sSbpw kplrØpw
B¿°p-samcp hntcm-[hpw sNøm-Øh
- \
- pw (iw)
kpJ-Zm-b-I\pw (h-cp-Wx) F√m-h-tc-°mfpw
t{ijvT\pw (iw) kpJ-kz-cq-]\pw (A-cy-am)
\mbm-[n-]-Xnbpw (iw) awK-f-{]-Z\pw (C-{µx)
kI-e-sF-iz-cy-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h\pw (iw) kIe-sF-iz-cy-ß-sfbpw Zm\w sNøp-∂-h\pw (_rl-kv]-Xnx) F√m-Øn-s‚bpw A[n-jvTm-Xmhpw
hnZysb Zm\w sNøp-∂h
- \pw (hn-jvWpx) k¿hhym- ] n- b p- a m- b n- c n- ° p∂ k¿th- i z- c ≥ (\x)
\ap°p (iw) awK-fsØ Zm\w sNøp-∂-h-\mbn
(`-h-Xp) `hn-°-s´.
(hmtbm tX {_“tW \tamf-kvXp) ""_rl_r-ln-hr-≤u 43 F∂o [mXp-°-fn¬ \n∂m-Wv
{_“- 44i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. _rl-Øn¬ h®v
40 XXv_r-ltXmivtNmc tZhXtbmx kpSv Xtem-]›
(KWkq{Xw˛6.1.151) ]mc-kv°c
- m-Zn-ÿa
- mb
KW-kq-{X-Øm¬.
41 [mXp]mTw 3.13
42 hntj-x In® (DWmZn-tImiw˛3.39)
43 [mXp]mTw˛1.488
44 _rwtl-t\m¿® (DWmZn-tImiw 4.147)
F∂ kq{X-Øm¬ _rln (_rw-l) F∂ [mXp-hn¬
\n∂p-≠m-b-Xv. "_rl']£-Øn¬ _lpe{Kl-WØm¬ "Aav' BK-a-sa-∂-dn-b-Ww.
45 A`ymtk `qbmwkacvYw a\yt¥ (\n-cp‡w˛10.42)
8
H∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
ù-Xn-Iw, B[n-ssZ-hn-Iw 46 F∂n-ßs\ aq∂phn-[-Øn-ep≈ ZpxJ-ß-fmWv Cu temI-Øn-ep≈-Xv. Ahn-Zy, cmK-tZz-jß
- ƒ, ò-cpXzw apX-emb
am\-kn-I-]o-U-I-fpw, ]\n apX-emb imco-cnI
tcmK-ß-fp-amWv B[ym-fln-I-Zpx-J-ßƒ. i{Xp°-fmb a\p-jy-cn¬ \n∂pw, ]pen, ]mºv, apXemb P¥p-°-fn¬ \n∂pw D≠m-Ip∂ ]oU-IfmWv B[n-ù-XnI ZpxJ-ßƒ. AXn-hr-jvSn,
AXn-ssi-Xyw, AXypjvWw apX-em-b-h-bm¬
a\-kn\pw C{µn-b-ßƒ°pw Df-hm-Ip∂ ZpxJß-fmWv B[nssZ-hn-I-ßƒ. Xm]-{X-b-sa∂
Cu aq∂p hn[ ZpxJ-ß-fp-sSbpw ia-\-Øn\mbn´t{X a{¥-Øn¬ aq∂p {]mhiyw im¥n
HmXn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ahn-Sp∂p Rßsf aq∂phn[ ZpxJ-ß-fn¬ \n∂p c£n®v awK-f-I-c-amb
I¿a-ß-fn¬ {]h¿Øn-∏n-°-Ww. Fs¥-∂m¬,
Aßv awK-f-kz-cq-]nbpw k¿h-tem-I-Øn\pw
awK-f{- ]-Z\
- pw, [m¿an-Ic
- mb apap-£p-°ƒ°v awKfsØ Zm\w sNøp-∂-h-\pam-W-t√m. Aßv
ss\k¿Kn-I-amb Imcp-Wy-Øm¬ kIe Pohmflm-°-fp-sSbpw lrZ-b-Øn¬ hnf-ßp-∂p. B
hnf°w \nanØw kIe Pohm- fl m- ° fpw
A[¿asØ XyPn®v [¿asØ A\p-jvTn-°pIbpw ZpxJ-ßsf AI‰n ]-c-am-\-µsØ A\p-`hn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-am-dm-I-s´.
kqcy≥:˛ ""kqcy Bflm PK-XkvX-ÿp-j›'' 47F∂ bPp¿th-Z-h-N-\-{]-Imcw (P-K-Xx)
tNX-\-ßfpw PwK-a-ß-fp-amb Poh-Pm-e-ß-fpsSbpw (X-ÿp-jx) AtN-X-\-ßfpw ÿmh-cß-fp-amb ]rYn-hymZn PU-]-Zm¿Y-ß-fp-sSbpw
A¥-cm-flm-hmbn ÿnXn sNbvXv kz{]-Imiw
sIm≠v F√m-‰n-s\bpw {]Im-in-∏n®v h¿Øn-°p∂Xn-\m¬ k¿th-iz-c\v kqcy≥ F∂ t]cv
e`n-®p.
]c-am-flmhv:˛ AX, kmXXyKat\ 48 F∂
[mXp-hn¬ \n∂v Bflm F∂ ]Zw D≠m-Ip∂p. tbmfXXn hym]vt\mXn k Bflm; PohmZn-bmb PK-Øn¬ apgp-h\pw \nc-¥cw hym]-I-
am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Bflm. ]c 49-›m-km-hm-flmN, b Btflt`ym Poth`yx kq£vta`yx
]tcmf-Xn- kq£vax k ]-c-amflm'', k¿h-Pohm-Zn-I-tf-°mƒ D¬Ir-jvS\pw, Pohm-flm-°ƒ
BIm-iw, {]IrXn F∂n-h-tb-°mƒ AXn-kq£vahpw F√m Pohm--flm-°-fp-sSbpw A¥-cyman-bmb Bflmhpw BI-bm¬ Cuiz-c\v ]c-amflmhv F∂ t]cp h∂p.
]c-ta-iz-c≥;-˛ Cuiz-c≥ F∂-Xn-\p kma¿Yyhm≥ F∂m- W ¿Yw. ""b Cuiz- t cjp
kacvtYjp ]cax t{ijvTx k ]-c-ta-izcx''
ka¿Y- c n¬ sh®p t{ijv T ≥˛FXn- c n- √ mØ
kma¿Yy-tØmSp IqSn-b-h≥, Xpey-ambn as‰m∂p-an-√m-Ø-h≥ F∂mWp ]c-ta-iz-c≥ F∂
]Z-Øns‚ A¿Yw.
khnXm:˛ ""jpRv, A`njth; jqMv, {]mWnKcv`-hn-tam-N-t\'' 50 F∂o [mXp-°-fn¬ \n∂p
khn- X m- i _v Z w kn≤n- ° p- ∂ p. ""A`n- j hx
{]mWn-Kcv`-hn-tam-N\w tNmXv]m-Z\w. b›-cmNcw PKXv kpt\mXn kqtX thmXv]m-Z-bXn
k k-hnXm ]c-ta-izcx'' k¿h-tem-I-sØbpw
Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Cuiz-c\v khnXm
F∂p t]cm-bn.
tZh:˛ ""Znhp {IoUm-hnPn-Kojmhyh-lm-cZypXnkvXpXn-tam-Z-a-Z-kz-]v\-Im-¥n-K-Xn-jp'' 51
F∂ [mXp-hn¬ \n∂v tZh-i_vZw kn≤n-°p∂p. ({Io-Um) 52 ip≤-\m-bn-cp∂v PK-Øns\
{IoUn-∏n-°p-∂X
- p-sIm-≠pw, (hn-Pn-Ko-jm) [m¿anI-∑msc Pbn-∏n-°p-hm-\p≈ C—-sIm-≠pw, (hyh-lm-c) F√m tNjvS-Iƒ°pw km[-t\m-]-km[-\-ßsf \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\m-epw, (Zyp-Xn) kzbw
{]Im-i-kz-cq-]\pw CX-c¿°v {]Imiw \¬Ip∂-h-\m-I-bm-epw, (kvXp-Xn) {]iw-kn-°p-hm≥
tbmKy-\m-b-Xp-aq-e-hpw, (tam-Z) kzbw B\-µkz-cq-]\pw a‰p-≈-h¿°v B\-µ-Zm-Xm-hm-b-XpsIm≠pw (a-Z) atZm-∑-Øsc Aa¿® sNbvIbm-epw, (kz-]v\) F√m-h¿°pw Dd-ßp-hm≥
49 ]caw F∂¿Yw hcp∂ "]c' i_vZ-Øm¬
A¿Y-\n¿tZiw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
"]c-a›
- m-km-hmflm ]c-amflx' F∂p hn{K-ln-°W
- w.
50 [mXp]mTw˛5.1.,
[
- mXp]mTw˛2.24
51 [mXp]mTw˛4.1
52 ip≤\pw \n¿te-]-\p-am-bn-cp∂v
PK-Øns\ {IoUn-∏n-°p∂hs\∂v A¿Yw.
46 kXym¿Y {]Im-i-Øns‚ HºXmw kap-√m-k-Øns‚
Ah-km-\-Øn¬ Cu ]Z-ß-fpsS hymJym-\-ap-≠v.
47 bPpcvthZw˛7.42
48 [mXp]mTw˛1.31 ¬ kmXn`ymw a\n-∑-\nWu
(DWmZn-tImiw˛4.153) F∂ kq{X-Øm¬
Bflm-i_vZw kn≤n-°p∂p
9
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
B—m-Z\w sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-h≥. Cu
iz≥.
]rYnhn:˛ ]rYp ""hnkvXmtc'' F∂ [mXphn¬ \n∂mWv ]rYnhn i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv.
""bx ]cvYXn kcvhw PKZvhnkvXr-WmXn k
]rYnhn'' hnkvXr-Xa
- mb Cu PK-Øns\ hnkvXcn-°p-∂-h≥ F∂¿Yw 53.
Pew:˛ Pe,- Lm- X t\ 54 F∂ [mXphn¬\n∂p Pe-i_vZw kn≤n-°p-∂p. "PeXn
LmX-bXn ZpjvSm≥. kLm-X-bXn Ahy-‡]-c-am-Wzm-Zo≥ XZv {_“- Pew' ZpjvS-∑m-cpsS
LmX-I-\pw, Ahy-‡w, ]c-am-Wp-°ƒ F∂nhsb Iqń-t®¿°p-Itbm th¿Xn-cn-°p-Itbm
sNøp-∂h
- \
- p-amb B ]c-am-flm-hn\v Pew F∂p
t]cm-Ip-∂p.
BImiw:˛ Imir, Zo]vXu 55 F∂ ZmXphn¬ \n∂mWv BIm-i-i_vZw kn≤n-°p-∂-Xv.
bx kcvhXx kcvhw PKZv{]Im-ibXn k
BImix \mep `mK-Øp-\n∂pw temIsØ
{]Im-in-∏n-®pw- sIm≠v hnf-ßp-∂-h-\t{X PKZo-iz-c≥.
A∂w:˛ AZ, `£-tW 56 F∂ [mXp-hn¬
\n∂mWv A∂- i _v Z w D≠m- I p- ∂ - X v . AZytXfØn N `qXm\n Xkvam-Z∂w XZp-Ny-tX 57
A∂m-Zx˛ Al-a-∂-a-la-∂-a-l∂w.Al∂m-tZmf-l-a-∂mtZmfla-∂mZx 58
AØm:˛ AØm- N-cmf-N-c-{K-l-WmXv 59
cm{Xn-tbbpw {]f-b-tØbpw krjvSn-°p-∂-XpsIm≠pw (Im-¥n) {]m]n-°p-hm≥ tbmKy-\m-Ibmepw (K-Xn) ⁄m\-kz-cq-]-\m-b-Xp-sIm≠pw
Cuiz-c\v tZh≥ F∂ t]cp h∂p. AY-hm,
""tbm ZohyXn {IoUXn k tZhx'', kz¥w kzcq]-Øn¬ B\-µt- Øm-Sp-IqSn kzbw can-®p-sIm≠v
tahp-∂, ]c-k-lmbw C√msX Xs∂ {IoUbmbn kl- P - k z- ` m- h - Ø m¬ kIe- P - K - Ø nt\bpw krjvSn-°p-∂, kI-e-{Io-U-Iƒ°pw
B{i-b-`q-X-\mbn ÿnXn-sN-øp∂ k¿th-iz-c≥
F∂¿Yw. ""hnPn-Ko-jtX k tZhx'' F√m-hscbpw Pbn-°p-∂, Bcmepw Pbn-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥
Ign-bm-Ø-h≥ F∂¿Yw. ""hyh-lm-c-bXn k
tZhx''. \ymbhpw A\ym-b-hp-amb {]hr-ØnIsf Adn-bp-∂-h\pw D]-tZ-jvSmhpw Bbn-cn°p-∂-h≥. ""b›-cm-Ncw PKZvtZym-X-bXn k
tZhx'' Ncm-N-cm-fl-I-amb krjvSnsb {]Im-in∏n-°p-∂-h≥. ""bx kvXqbsX k tZhx kI-ea-\p-jy-cmepw {]iw-k-\o-b-\pw, \nµn-°-s∏-Sphm≥ A\¿l-\pw. ""tbm tamZ-bXn k tZhx''
H´pw ZpxJw A\p-`-hn-°msX kzbw B\-µ-kzcq-]-\mbn Ccp-∂p-sIm≠v A\y-∑m¿°v B\µ
sØ P\n-∏n-°p-∂h
- ≥. ""tbm amZy-Xn k
- - tZhx''
kZm k¥p-jvS\pw timI-cl
- n-X\pw a‰p-≈h
- sc
kt¥m-jn-∏n®v Ah-cpsS ZpxJ-ßsf AI-‰n-°f-bp-∂h
- ≥ F∂¿Yw. ""bx kzm]-bXn k tZhx''
alm-{]-fb
- I
- m-eØ
- n¬ Pohm-flm-°sf Ahy-‡Øn¬ Dd-°p-∂-h≥ bx ImabtX Imay-tX
hm k tZhx'' BcpsS Ima-ß-sf√mw kXyamtWm, As√-¶n¬ bmsXm-cp-hs‚ ASp-°te°p sN∂p- tN-cp-hm≥ \√-h-sc√mw B{Kln-°p-∂pthm Aß-s\-bp-≈-h≥. ""tbm K-—Xn
KaytX hm k tZhx'' k¿h-hym-]nbpw Adnbp-hm≥ tbmKy-\p-am-b-h≥. C{]-Imcw ]te
A¿Y-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb tZh-i_vZw Cuiz-cs‚
Hcp \ma-am-Wv.
Ipt_c:˛ ""Ip_n, B—m-Zt\'' F∂ *[mXphn¬ \n∂mWv Ipt_-c-i_vZw hyp-ev]-∂-am-Ip∂-Xv. ""bx kcvhw Ipw_Xn kzhym]vXym—mZ-bXn k Ip-t_tcm PK-Zo-izcx'' Xs‚ hym]vXnsIm≠v temI-Øn-ep-ff kI-e-h-kvXp-°-sfbpw
54
55
56
57
58
59
*[mXp]mTw 1.290
53 "]rY' F∂ [mXp [mXp-]m-T-Øn-en-√. k{º-km-cW
kwhn-[m-\-{]-Imcw A\p-h-Zn-®n-cn-°p∂ [mXp-°-fn¬
sshbm-I-c-W-∑m¿ hcp-Øp∂ k{º-km-cW- cq-]m-¥-
10
csØ kzX{¥[mXp-hmbpw KWn-°p-∂p.
Aßs\ {KŸ-Im-c≥, ChnsS "]rY' [mXp-hns\
kzX{¥ [mXp-hmbn KWn®v \n¿tZin®n-cn-°p-∂p.
"]rY' [mXp-hns\ kzX{¥ {]Ir-Xn-bmbn
AwKo-I-cn-®m¬ ]rYp, ]rYhn apX-emb cq]-ß-fn¬
k{º-km-cWw Bh-iy-ambn hcn-I-bn-√.
"{Kl' [mXp-hn¬ k{º-km-cWhpw l Imc-Øn\v
` Im-cm-tZ-ihpw hcpØn \n¿Ωn® "Kr`' sb
kzX{¥ [mXp-hmbn (Kcvt`m Krt`x) \ncp‡-Im-c≥ kzoI-cn-®n´p-≠v. (\n-cp‡w10.23)
[mXp]mTw˛10.22 ¬ "]rY-, {]-t£t]' F∂ [mXphpw
D≠v. {]t£-]-Øn\v ]c-Øp-I-sb∂¿Y-hp-ap-≠-t√m.
"A\nXy WnP-¥m-›p-cmbx' A\p-k-cn®v "WnNv' s‚
A`mh-Øn¬ ]¿YXn F∂ cq]-ap-≠m-Ip∂p.
\ncp‡w 1.12, 13 epw {]Y-\-Øn\v hnkvXm-c-sa-∂¿Yw
kzoI-cn®n-´p≠v.
[mXp]mTw 1.575
[mXp]mTw 1.430
[mXp]mTw 2.1
ssXØ-cn-tbm-]\
- n-jXv 2˛10
ssXØ-cn-tbm-]\
- n-jXv 2˛10
thZm-¥-Z¿i\w 1.2.9
H∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
∂-Xv. {]hr-Øn-sIm≠p sNøp-∂-Xn-s\-Øs∂
A\p- ` - h n- ° p- I bpw sNøp- ∂ p.'' Pohm- fl mhv
sNøp∂Xc-Øn-ep≈ I¿a-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn®v
êhpw A\p-`h
- n-°p∂p F∂p Xmev]c
- yw. ]m]I¿a-ßƒ sNbvXn-´p≈ Pohm-flm-°ƒ, \ymbm[n-]-Xn-bmb Cuiz-cs‚ \n›-b-{]-Imcw ZpxJ]q¿W-^-e-ßƒ A\p-`-hn-°p-tºmƒ Ic-bp-∂p.
Zpjv°¿aw sNøp∂ Pohm-flm-°sf Cuiz-c≥
Ic-bn-∏n-°p-∂p-sh∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv C{]-Im-c-amWv. AXn-\m¬ Ic-bn-∏n-°p-∂h
- ≥ F∂¿Y-ap≈
cp{Z≥ F∂ t]cv Cuiz-c-hm-Nn-bm-Ip-∂p.
\mcm-bW
- ≥:˛ Bt]m \mcm CXn t{]m‡m
Bt]m ssh \c kq\hx. Xm bZ-ky-mb\w
]qcv h w tX\ \mcm- b Wx kv a rXx.(a- \ p
kvarXn˛1.10) Pew, Pohm-flm-hv F∂o A¿Yß-fmWv "\mcm'bv°p≈-Xv. Ah BcpsS Ab\w \nhm-kÿ
m-\a
- m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-thm, AXn-\m¬
k¿h Pohm-flm-°-fnepw hym]n-®n-cn-°p∂ ]cam-flm-hns‚ \maw \mcm-b-W≥ F∂m-Ip-∂p.
N{µ≥:˛ "NZn, BÀm-tZ'' 63 F∂ [mXp-hn¬
\n∂v N{µ-i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""b›µXn NµbXn hm k N{µx'' kzbw B\-µ-kz-cq-]\pw
F√m-h¿°pw B\µw Df-hm-°p-∂-h-\p-am-Ibm¬ N{µ-s\∂ t]cv Cuiz-cs‚ ]cymb-amWv.
awK-f≥:--˛ ""aKn, KXycvY-I'' 64 F∂ [mXphn¬ awtK- c - e - N v 65 F∂ kq{Xw sIm≠v
tN¿°m- h p∂ Ae- N v {]Xybw tN¿Øm¬
awKex F∂p-In-´pw. ""tbm aMvKXn aMvKbXn
hm k awKex'' kzbw awK-f-kz-cq-]\pw kI-ePo-hn-Iƒ°pw awK-f-Zm-Xm-hp-am-I-bm¬ Cuizcs‚ ]cym-b-amWv awKfx
_p[≥:˛ _p[, Ah-K-at\ 66 F∂ [m-Xphn¬ \n∂p _p[-i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""tbm
_p[ytX t_m[-bXn hm k _p[x'' kzbw
t_m[-kz-cq-]\pw kI-e-Po-hn-Iƒ°pw ⁄m\Zm-Xm-hp-am-I-bm¬ Cuiz-c\p _p[≥ F∂p
t]cm-bn. _rl-kv]Xni_vZ-Øns‚ A¿Yw 67
apºp ]d-™n-´p-≠v.
""AØm-N-cmf-Nc{Kl-WmXv'' F∂Xp thZ-hymk-hn-c-Nn-X-amb imco-c-I-kq-{X-am-Ip-∂p. GXn¬
k¿hhpw {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂pthm GXv
F√m- h - c mepw {Kln- ° - s ∏- S p- h m≥ tbmKyamtWm GsXm∂v Ncm-N-c-cq-]-amb temIsØ
{Kln-°p-∂pthm AXv F∂¿Y-amb A∂w,
A∂mZx, AØm F∂ aq∂p i_vZ-ßfpw
Cuiz- c s‚ \ma- ß - f m- W v . ChnsS aq∂p
{]mhiyw ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xv 60 _lp-am-\-Øn\v
th≠n-bm-Ip-∂p. AØn-∏-g-Øn¬ P\n-°p∂
Iran-Iƒ AXn¬Øs∂ Pohn-®n-cn-°p-Ibpw
AXn¬ Xs∂ Poh-\m-isØ {]m]n-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bmWv temIw apgp-h\pw
Cuiz-c-\n¬ Dev]-Øn-ÿn-Xn-e-b-ßsf {]m]n
°p-∂-Xv.
hkpx˛ ""hk, \nhmtk'' F∂ *[mXp-hn¬
\n∂mWp hkp kn≤n- ° p- ∂ - X v . ""hk¥n
`qXm\n bkvan≥; AY-hm, bx kcvthjp
`qtXjp hkXn k hkp-co-izcx'' GXn¬
BImiw apX-emb kIe `qX-ß-fpw ÿnXn
sNøp-∂pthm As√-¶n¬ bmsXm∂v kI-e-`qX-ß-fnepw IpSn-sIm-≈p-∂pthm AXv hkp.
cp{Zx˛ ""cpZnc,v A{ip-hn-tam-N-t\'' 61 F∂
[mXp-hns‚ "Wn-P¥'-Øn¬ \n∂mWp cp{Z-i_vZ-kn-≤n. ""tbmtcm-Z-bXy\ymb-Im-cntWm
P\m≥ k cp{Zx'' ZpjvI¿aßƒ sNøp-∂-hsc
Ic-bn-∏n-°p-∂-h≥ F∂¿Yap≈ cp{Z≥ F∂
]Zw Cuiz-c-hm-Nn-bm-Wv.
b∑-\km [ymbXn XZzmNm hZXn bZzmNm
hZXn XXv IcvaWm ItcmXn bXv IcvaWm
ItcmXn XZ-`n-kw-]-Zy-tX 62
bPp¿thZ {_m“-W-Øn-ep≈ Hcp a{¥-amWn-Xv. ""Poh≥ a\- p-sIm≠p hnNm-cn-°p-∂Xns\ hm°p-sIm≠p ]d-bp-∂p. hm°p-sIm≠p
]d-bp-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv {]hr-Øn-sIm≠p sNøp* [mXp]mTw˛1-˛731
60 ssXØcob D]-\n-j-Øn¬ A∂, A∂mZ F∂p
aq∂p XhW ]d-™n-´p-≈-sX-∂¿Yw
61 [mXp]mTw 2.60
62 hmP-k-t\b iX-]-Y-Øn¬ {]mNo-\-Im-eØv 15
]mT-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. iX-]-Y-Ønse C∂p e`y-amb
]mTw C{]-Im-c-am-Wv. ""k bYm-Imtam `hXn
XYm-{I-Xpcv`-h-Xn, bYm {InXcv`-hXn XXvIcva-Ip-ctX
XZ`n kw]-ZytX (14.7.26) ImWz iX-]-Y-Ønepw
CtX ]mT-amWv. CXv Xmc-X-ay-]-T-\-a¿ln-°p-∂p.
63 [mXp]mTw˛1.56
64 [mXp]mTw˛1.88
65 [mXp]mTw˛5.75 (DWmZntImiw)
66 [mXp]mTw˛1.597
67 t]Pv 7 c≠mw ]mZw Ah-km-\-`mKw
11
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
ip{I≥:˛ ""CuipNncv, ]qXo-`mth'' F∂
[mXp-hn¬ \n∂p ip{I≥ D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""bx
ipNyXn timN-bXn hm k ip{Ix''. AXy-¥]-hn-{X≥ AYhm BcpsS kwK-Øm¬ Poh\pw
]hn-{X-am-Ip-∂pthm AXv ip{I-\m-Ip-∂p.
iss\-›cx:˛ iss\x F∂ D]-]-Z-tØm-SpIq-Snb ""Nc, KXn-`-£-W-tbmx'' 68 F∂ [mXphn¬\n∂p iss\-›-c-]Zw D≠m-Ip-∂p. "bx
iss\-›-cXn k iss\›cx'' B¿°mtWm
kl-Pa
- mb ss[cy-ap-≈X
- v, Ah≥ F∂¿Y-ap≈
iss\-›c i_vZw Cuiz-c-\m-a-am-Wv.
cmlp:˛ cl- Xym-tK 69 F∂ [mXp-hn¬
\n∂p cmlp i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p. "tbm clXn
]cn-Xy-PXn ZpjvSm≥, cml-bXn XymP-bXn
hm k -cm-lp-co-izcx' bmsXm-cp-h≥ GIm-¥kz-cq-]-\pw, AYhm as‰m∂pw IqSn-°-e-cmØ
cq]-tØmSp IqSnbh\pw ZpjvSsc kzbw XyPn°p-∂-h\pw A\y-sc-s°m≠p XyPn-∏n-°p-∂-h\p-am-b-h≥ F∂¿Y-Øn¬ cmlp Cuiz-cs‚
\ma-am-Wv.
tIXpx˛ ""InX, \nhmtkm tcmK-m]\-b-t\
N'' 70 F∂ [mXp-hn¬ \n∂p tIXp-i_vZw
D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""bx tIX-bXn NnIn-’Xn hm
k tIXp-co-izcx'' kakvX-P-K-Øn\pw Ccn-∏nSw, apap-£p-°ƒ°p tam£w \¬In Ah-cpsS
kmwkm- c nItcmK- ß - s f- s b√mw C√m- X m°n
Ahsc kpJ- s ∏- S p- Ø p- ∂ - h ≥, tcmK- ß ƒ
_m[n-°mØh≥ F∂o A¿Y-ß-fp≈ tIXpi_vZw Cuiz-c-\m-a-am-Wv.
b⁄wx˛ ""bPv, -tZh]qPm-kw-KXoIc-WZm-t\-jp'' 71 F∂-XmWv b⁄-i-_vZ-Øns‚
[mXp. ""bt⁄m ssh hnjvWp'' 72 F∂p
{_m“-W-h-N\w. tbm bPXn hnZz-Zv`n-cn-PytX
hm k bPvRx temI-Ønep≈ kIe ]Zm¿Yß-sfbpw Iqń-t®¿°p-∂-h≥ F∂pw {_“mhp
XpS-ßn-bp≈ kIe al¿jn-am-cmepw amap\n
P\-ß-fmepw hnZzm-∑m-cmepw {XnIm-e-ß-fnepw
]qP-\o-b≥ F∂pw A¿Y-ap≈ b⁄w k¿th-
iz-c-\m-a-am-Ip-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ AXv k¿∆{X
hym]-I-\m-Wv 73.
tlmXmhv:˛ ""lq Zm\-mfZ\tbmx; BZmt\
tNtXy-tI'' 74 F∂ [mXp-hn¬\n∂p tlmXmi_v Z w D≠m- I p- ∂ p. ""tbm Pp- t lmXn k
tlmXm'' sImSp-°p-hm≥ tbmKy-amb ]Zm¿Yßsf Pohm- fl m- ° ƒ°p sImSp- ° p- ∂ - h ≥
F∂pw, kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ sIm≈m-hp∂ hkvXp°sf Ah-cn¬ \n∂p kzoI-cn-°p-∂h≥ F∂pw
A¿Y-ap≈ tlmXmhv Cuiz-cs‚ ]cym-b-]-Zam-Wv.
_‘px˛ _‘-, _-‘-t\ 75 F∂ [mXphn¬\n∂v _‘p i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""bx
kzkvan≥ Ncm-Ncw PKZv _[v\mXn; _‘p-h≤cvam-fl\mw kpJmb klm-tbm hm hcvXtX
k _‘px'' ]rYn-hymZn kI-e-tem-I-ß-sfbpw
\nb-a-ß-sf-s°m≠v X∂n¬ _‘n-®n-cn-°p∂,
ktlm-Z-c-s\-t∏mse temI-ßsf c£n-°p∂
AXm-Xns‚ ]cn-[n-Isf D√w-Ln-°m-\-\p-h-Zn°mØ, ktlm-Z-c-ßƒ At\ym\yw klm-bn°p-∂-Xp-t]mse temI-ß-sf-sb√mw [cn®v
c£n®v kpJsØ \¬Ip∂ Cuiz-c\v _‘p
F∂v t]cv kap-Nn-X-am-Wv.
]nXmhv;˛ ""]m c£tW'' 76 F∂ [mXp-hn¬
\n∂p ]nXmhv F∂ ]Zw kn≤n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
""bx ]mXn-kcvhm≥ k ]nXm'' ]nXmhv kzk¥m-\-ßfpsS t\sc Zb-tbm-Sp-IqSn s]cp-am-dpIbpw Ah- c psS A`yp- Z - b sØ Imw£n- ® psIm≠v {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse
kI-e-cp-tSbpw D∂-a-\sØ am{Xw Imw£n-°p∂-h-\m-I-bm¬ ]nXmhv F∂ t]cv PK-Zo-iz-c\v
k¿hYm kap-Nn-X-am-Wv.
]nXm-a-l≥:˛ ""bx ]nXrWmw ]nXm k
]nXm-alx'' ]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS ]nXmhv F∂¿Yap≈]nXm-al
- k
- w⁄ Cuiz-cs‚ t]cm-Ip-∂p.
{]]n-Xm-a-l≥:-˛ ""bx ]nXm-a-lm\mw ]nXm
k {]-]n-Xm-alx'' ]nXm-a-l-∑m-cpsS ]nXmhv
F∂¿Y-ap≈ {]]n-Xm-a-l-kw⁄ Cuiz-cs‚
t]cm-Wv.
68 [mXp]mTw˛1.376 Nc, -`-£tW N, NmZv KXuN
F∂nh tN¿Øv {]tbmKw
69 [mXp]mTw˛1.486
70 [mXp]mTw˛1.719
71 [mXp]mTw˛1.728
72 iX]Yw {_m“Ww˛13.1.8.8
73 CXv iX-]-Y-h-N-\-Øns‚ A¿Y-am-Wv.
74 [mXp]mTw˛3.1
75 [mXp]mTw˛9.41
76 [mXp]mTw˛2.49
12
H∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
{_“mhv:˛ ""_rl _rln hrs≤u'' 82
F∂o [mXp- ° - f n¬ \n∂p {_“m- k w⁄
kn≤n-°p-∂p. ""tbmfJnew PKZv\ncvam-tW\
_cvlXn (_rw-l-Xn) hcv≤-bXn k {_“m''
temIsØ \n¿Ωn-°p-Ibpw hep-Xm-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂-h≥ {_“m-hv. AXn-\m¬ Cuiz-c\v
{_“m-sh∂ t]cv tbmPn-°p-∂p.
kXyw ⁄m\-a-\¥w {_“. CXv ssXØnco-tbm-]-\n-j-Øn-ep≈ Hcp hmIy-am-Ip-∂p. 83
kXyw:˛ ""k¥oXn k¥x, tXjp k’p
km[p XXv k Xyav '' kØ- b p- ≈ Xp kØv ;
]Zm¿Yw F∂¿Yw. Ah-bn¬h®v DXvIr-jvS-ambn-´p-≈Xv; bYm¿Y-amb kØ-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb
Cuiz-c≥ ""kXy''amWv
⁄m\w:˛ ""b÷m\mXn Ncmf-Ncw PKØ
÷vRm\av'' Ncm-Nc PK-Øns‚ {]hr-Øn-Isf
apgp-h\pw Adn-bp-∂h
- ≥ F∂¿Y-am-bX
- p-sIm≠v
⁄m\-i_vZw Cuiz-c-hm-Nn-bm-Wv.
A\¥w:˛ ""\ hnZy-tXf-t¥mf-h-[ncva-cymZm
bky XZ\¥w'' AXncp \n¿W-bn-°p-hm≥
km[n-°p-I-bn-√m-Ø-Xv. \ofw, hoXn, hÆw apXemb ]cn-am-W-ßƒ Cuiz-c\v kw`-hn-°m-ØXp-sIm≠v A\-¥-kw⁄ Cuiz-cs‚ t]cmIp-∂p.
{_“w:˛ ""kcvtht`ym _rl-ØzmZv {_“''
_rl-Øm-b-h-bn¬ _rl-Øm-I-bm¬ {_“w
F∂p t]cm-bn.
A\mZn:˛ BMv F∂ D]-k¿K-tØm-Sp-IqSnb "UpZm-Rv, Zm-t\' 84 F∂ [mXp-hn¬ \n∂p
BZn-i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p. BZn-i_
- vZØ
- n¬ \Rv
{]Xybw tN¿°p-tºmƒ A\mZn F∂ cq]w
In´p-∂p. ""bkvamXv ]qcvhw \mkvXn ]cw
NmkvXn k BZn-cn-Xyp-Ny-tX. \ hnZytX
BZnx ImcWw bky tkmf\m-Zn-co-izcx'' BZn
i_vZ-Øn-\v, apºv C√m-ØXv F∂¿Y-am-Wv.
kz¥w kØ°p Imc-W-ambn as‰mcp hkvXphn-√m-ØXv A\m-Zn-˛-Im-c-W-c-ln-X≥˛ F∂v
A¿Yw.
B\-µ≥:˛ BMv F∂ D]-kcvK-tØm-Sp-IqSnb "Sp\Zn, kar-≤u'' 85 F∂ [mXp-hn¬
amXmhv:˛ ""tbm anaotX am\-bXn kcvhmRvPo-hm≥ k amXm'' ]q¿W-Ir-]m-bp-‡-bmb
AΩ Fßs\ kzk-¥m-\-ß-fpsS kpJhpw
Db¿®bpw Imw£n-°p-∂pthm A∆Æw Cuizc≥ kIe Pohn-I-fp-sSbpw A`n-hr-≤nsb kZm
B{K- l n- ° p- ∂ p. AXn- \ m¬ ]c- t a- i z- c \p
amXmhv F∂p t]cm-bn.
BNmcy≥:˛ BMv F∂ D]-k¿K-tØmSp
IqSnb ""Nc KXn `£-Wtbmx'' 77 F∂ [mXphn¬\n∂v BNm-cy-kw⁄ D≠mIp-∂p, ""bx
B-Nmcw {Kml-bXn kcvhm hnZym t_m[-bXn
k BNmcy Cuizcx'' kXy-amb BNm-c-ßsfbpw kI-e-hn-Zy-I-tfbpw F√m-h¿°pw a\ n-em°n sImSp-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Cuiz-c\v
BNm-cy≥ F∂ t]cv tbmPn-°p-∂p.
Kpcp:-˛ ""Kr, i_vtZ'' 78 F∂ [mXp-hn¬\n∂mWv "Kpcp' kn≤n-°p-∂-Xv. tbm [cvaym≥
i_vZm≥ KrWm-Xyp-]-Zn-iXn k Kpcpx. k (Gj) ]qcvth-jm-a]n Kpcpx Imte\m\-h-t—ZmXv. 79 (tbm-K-kq-{Xw) kXy-[¿asØ {]Xn]m-Zn-°p-∂Xpw kIe hnZy-I-f-S-ßn-b-Xp-amb
thZ-ßsf D]-tZ-in-®-Xn-\m-epw, krjvSn-bpsS
BZn-Im-e-Øn¬ A·n, hmbp, BZn-Xy≥,
AwKn-c- v, {_“mhv apX-emb Kpcp-°-∑m¿°p
IqSn Kpcp-hm-bn-cp-∂X
- p-sIm≠pw Hcn-°epw \mian-√m-bvI-bmepw Cuiz-c\pKpcpF∂p t]cm-bn.
APx˛ ""AP, KXn-t£-]-W-tbmx 80 P\o,
{]mZpcv`m-th'' 81F∂o c≠p [mXp-°f
- n¬ \n∂v
APkw⁄ In´p-∂-Xm-Wv. ""tbmfPXn kr
jvSnw {]Xn kcvhm≥ {]IrXymZo≥ ]Zm¿Ym≥
{]£n-]Xn, Pm\mXn (hm) IZm-Nn∂ PmbtX
tkmfPx'' {]Ir-Xn-bpsS Ah-b-h-ß-fmb BImim-Zn-`q-X-ß-fpsS ]c-amWp°sf bYmXY-ambn
tN¿Øv ùXnI ico-c-ß-tfbpw Pohm-flm-°sfbpw kwtbm-Pn-∏n-®v, Pohn-Isf krjvSn-®h
- ≥;
AYhm P\-\-an-√m-ØXv F∂¿Y-ap≈ APkw⁄ Cuiz-cs‚ bp‡-amb \ma-am-Wv.
77 [mXp]mTw˛1.376
78 [mXp]mTw˛9.29
79 EtKz-ZmZn `mjy-`q-an-I-bn¬ (th-Z-]-cy-S-\w) k Gj
]qcvth-jm-sa-∂mWp ]mTw (k-am-[n-]mZw 26-˛mw kq{Xw)
k Gj F∂Xv kq{X-Øns‚ DYm-\nIm cq]-am-sW∂v
Nne-cpsS Sn∏-Wn-I-fn¬ ImWp-∂p.
80 [mXp]mTw˛1.139
81 [mXp]mTw˛4.40
82 [mXp]mTw˛1.488
83 {_“m-\-µ-h√n 1
84 [mXp]mTw˛3.9
85 [mXp]mTw˛1.55
13
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
°p∂p _p≤≥. AXp-sIm≠v _p≤≥ F∂Xv
PK-Zo-iz-cs‚ t]cm-Wv.
ap‡≥:˛ ""apNver, tamN-t\'' 90 F∂ [mXphn¬ \n∂p ap‡-i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""tbm
ap©Xn tamN-bXn hm apap-£q≥ k apt‡m
PK-Zo-izcx'' F√m Aip-≤n-I-fn¬ \n∂pw AI∂-h\pw apap-£p-°sf {]m]-©n-Iß
- f
- mb t¢iß-fn¬\n∂v AI-‰p-∂-h-\pw, F∂ A¿Y-Øn¬
ap‡ kw⁄ Cuiz-c-t‚-Xm-Wv.
\nXy-\pw, ip≤-\pw, _p≤-\pw, ap‡-\p-amb-Xp-sIm≠v PK-Zo-iz-c≥ \nXy-ip-≤_
- p≤ap‡kz-`mhn F∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
\ncm-Im-c≥:˛ \ncv, BMv F∂ c≠p-]k
- ¿Kß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb "'UpIrRv, Ic-tW'' 91 F∂
[mXp \ncm- I m- c - k w- ⁄ - b psS aqe- a m- W v .
""\n¿KX BIm-cmXv k \ncm-Imcx'' BIm-csam-∂pta C√m-Øh
- ≥ \ncm-Im-c≥˛ Cuiz-c≥.
\nc-RvP-\≥:˛ \ncv F∂ D]-k¿K-tØm-SpIq- S nb ""ARv P q hy‡nwe- £ - W - I m¥n
KXnjp'' F∂ [mXp-hn¬ \n∂p \nc-RvP\
i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p.""ARvP\w hy‡nwcve
£Ww IpIma C{µnssbx {]m]vXn-t›Xy
kvamZv tbm \ncvKXx ]rY-Kv`qXx k \ncRvP\x'' hy‡n AXm-bXv BIr-Xn-˛-tæ-—m-Nmcw, Zpjv S - a mb B{K- l - ß ƒ, C{µn- b - h njbk©mcw F∂n-h-sbm-∂p-an-√m-Ø-h-\m-Ibm¬ Cuiz-cs\ \nc-RvP-\≥ F∂p ]dbp∂p.
KtW-i≥, KW-]Xn:˛ ""KW, kwJym-t\'' 92
F∂ [mXp-hn¬ \n∂p KW i_vZw D≠m-Ip∂p. KW-i-_vZ-Øn¬ Cuix ]Xnx F∂n-hsb
Iqń-t®¿Øm¬ KtW-ix, KW-]Xnx F∂o
c≠p-\m-a-ßƒ D≠m-Ipw. ""tb {]Ir-Xym-Ztbm
PUm- Po- h m› KWyt¥ kwJym- b t¥
tXjm-aoix kzmao ]Xnx ]metIm hm'' {]IrXym-Zn-I-fmb PU-]-Zm¿Y-ß-fp-sSbpw kIe
Pohn-I-fp-sSbpw bP-am-\\pw ]me-I-\p-am-b-Xn\m¬ Cuiz-c\v KtW-i≥, KW-]Xn F∂o-t]-cpIƒ h∂p.
hntiz-iz-c≥:˛ ""tbm hniztamjvtS k
hntiz-izcx'' kI-e-P-K-Øn-s‚bpw A[n-jvTm-
\n∂p B\-µ-i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""B\-µ¥n
kcvth ap‡m bkvan≥. bZzm bx kcvhm≥
Pohm-\m-\-µ-bXn k B\-µx.'' kIe Pohmflm-°fpw B\-µsØ A\p-`-hn-°p∂ B\-µkz-cq-]≥ AYhm [¿a-\n-jvTb
- p≈ kIe Pohmflm-°s
- fbpw B\-µn-∏n-°p-∂h
- ≥ F∂¿Y-ap≈
B\-µ≥ Cuiz-cs‚ \ma-am-Wv.
kXv:˛""Ak, `phn'' 86 F∂ [mXp-hn¬
\n∂p kXv F∂ kw⁄ D≠m-hp-∂p. bZkvXn
{Xnjp Imtejp \ _m[ytX XXvkZv {_“
`qX h¿Ø-am-\- `mhn Im-e-ß-fn¬ Hcpt]mse
\mi-an-√msX h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv F∂v A¿Y-ap-≈kXv kw⁄ Cuiz-cs‚ t]-cm-Wv.
NnXv:˛ ""NnXo, kw⁄m-t\'' 87 F∂ [mXphn¬\n∂v ""NnXv'' i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""bivtNXXn tNX- b Xn kw⁄m- ] - b Xn k¿hm≥
k÷-\m≥ tbmKn-\-kvX-®nXv ]cw {_“.''
tNX-\-kz-cq-]\pw kI-e-Po-hn-Iƒ°pw ssNX\yhpw F√m-h¿°pw kXym-k-Xy-t_m-[hpw
\¬Ip-∂-h≥ F∂¿Y-Øn¬ "NnXv' Cuiz-c-\ma-am-Wv.
kXv, NnXv, B\-µ≥ F∂o aq∂pw hnti-jW-ßf
- m-bX
- p-sIm≠v k¿th-iz-cs\ k®n-Zm-\µ
kzcq-]≥ F∂p-]-d-bp-∂p.
\nXy≥:˛""tbm \nXy- { [p- t hm-fNtemf- h n\mio k \nXyx'' \n›-e\pw \mi-an-√m-Ø-h\p-am-I-bm¬ \nXy≥ F∂Xv Cuiz-c-hm-Nn-bmWv.
ip≤≥:˛ ""ip‘, ip≤u'' 88 F∂ [mXphmWv kw⁄bpsS aqew. ""bx ip‘Xn
kcvhm≥ tim[-bXn hm k ip≤ Cuizcx''
bmsXmcp Aip-≤nbpw Xo≠mØ kzbw AXy¥-]-hn-{X-\m-b, a‰p-≈-h-sc-sb√mw ]cn-ip-≤-∑mcm-°p∂ Cuiz-c\v "ip≤≥' F∂ \maw A\ptbm-Py-amWv.
_p≤≥:˛ ""_p[, Ah-K-a-t\'' 89 F∂
[mXp-hn¬ "‡'{]-Xybw tN¿Øm¬ _p≤
kw⁄ e`n-°pw. ""tbm _p≤-hm≥ k-ssZh
⁄mXmfkvXn k _pt≤m PK-Zo-izcx'' F√mbvt∏mgpw F√m-‰n-s\-bpw Adn-™p-sIm-≠n-cn86 [mXp]mTw˛1.58
87 [mXp]mTw˛1.32
88 [mXp]mTw˛1.60
89 [mXp]mTw˛1.597
90 [mXp]mTw˛6.139
91 [mXp]mTw˛8.10
92 [mXp]mTw˛10.281
14
H∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
Xm-hm-I-bm¬ Cuiz-cs‚ t]cv hntiz-iz-c≥
F∂m-bn.
IqS-ÿ≥:˛ ""bx IqtSfAt\-I-hn-[-hy--hlmtc kzkzcq- t ]- s sW- h - Xn- j v T Xn k
IqSÿx ]c-ta-izcx'' kIe hyh-lm-cß
- f
- nepw
hym]n®v Ah-bpsS B[m-c-`q-X-\m-bn-cn-°nepw
kz¥w kzcq-]-Øn\v bmsXmcp am‰hpw hcmsX
h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ B A¿Y-ap≈ IqS-ÿ≥
F∂ ]Zw Cuiz-cs‚ ]cym-b-\maam-bn.
tZhn:˛ tZh≥ F∂ ]Z-Øn-\p≈ A¿Y-ßsf√mw tZhn-bv°p-ap-≠v. Cuiz-cs‚ \ma-ßƒ
aq∂p enwK-ß-fn-ep-ap-≠v. {_“ F∂ \maw \]pw-k-I-enw-Khpw,- NnXnx F∂ \maw kv{XoenwK-hpw, Cuiz-c≥ F∂ \maw ]p√nw-K-hp-am-Wt√m. Cuiz-c-i-_vZØ
-- ns‚ hnti-j-W-ambn hcptºmƒ tZh≥ F∂pw NnXn-i-_vZ-Øns‚ hntij-W-am-Ip-tºmƒ tZhn F∂pw {]tbm-Kn-°p-∂psh-∂p-am-{Xw. AXn-\m¬ tZho-kw⁄ Cuizcs‚ t]cm-Wv.
i‡nx˛ ""iIver, i‡u'' 93 F∂ [mXphn¬ \n∂p "i‡n' D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""bx kcvhw
PKXv IcvXpw iIvt\mXn k i‡nx'' temIw
apgp-h-\pw krjvSn-°p-hm≥ kma¿Yy-ap-≈-Xt{X
i‡n. B i‡nbp≈-Xn-\m¬ Cuiz-c\v i‡nsb∂p t]cm-bn.
{iox˛ ""{inRv, tkhm-bmav'' 94 F∂ [mXphn¬ \n∂mWv {iobpsS DXv]-Øn. ""bx {iobtX tkhytX k¿thW PKXm hnZzZv`ntcym-Kn-`n› k {ioco-izcx'' kIe P\-ßfpw
hnZzm- ∑ mcpw tbmKn- I fpw tkhn- ° p- ∂ - h ≥
F∂¿Y-ap≈ {io i_vZw Cuiz-cm-`n-[m-\-am-Ip∂p.
e£vaox˛ ""e£, Zcvi\
- m-¶\
- t- bmx'' 95 F∂
[mXp-hn¬ \n∂v e£vao-i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p.
""tbm e£-bXn ]iy-Xn A¶tX Nn”-bXn
Ncm-fNcw PK-Xv, AYhm thssZ-cm-]vssX-tcymKn-`nivN tbm e£ytX k e£vaox kcvh{]n-tb-izcx''. Ncm-Nc
- P
- K
- Ø
- ns\ I≠p sIm≠n
cn-°p-∂-h≥, AYhm B PK-Øns\ Zriy-am°p-∂h
- ≥˛ AXm-bX
- v, a\p-jy-ic
- o-cØ
- n¬ IÆv,
aq°v apX-em-b ⁄mt\-{µn-bßtfbpw, _mly-
{]-Ir-Xn-bn¬ Ce-Iƒ, ]q°ƒ, ImbvI-\n-Iƒ,
Ing-ßp-Iƒ, XpS-ßnb ]Zm¿Y-ß-tf-bpw, ]rYnhn, Pew, F∂o `qX-ß-fn¬ IdpØpw Nph∂pw
shfp-Øp-ap-ff I√v, aÆv apX-emb hkvXp-°tf-bpw. BIm-i-Øn¬ kqcy-N-{µmZn {Kl-ßtfbpw \n¿Ωn®v `ph-\-sØ ImW-Ø°hÆam-°p-∂-h≥. As√-¶n¬ thZmZn imkv{X-ßfn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-I-bpw, tbmKn-I-fpsS e£yam-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h≥ F∂n-ßs\ ]e
s]mcp-fp-a-S-ßnb "e£van' Cuizc-kw-⁄-bmWv.
kc-kz-Xnx˛ ""kr, KXu'' 96 F∂ [mXp-hn¬
\n∂v kckv i_vZ-ap-≠m-Ip-∂p. kckv F∂
i_vZØ
- n¬ "aXp]v' "Mo]v' F∂o {]Xy-bß
- ƒ
Iqń- t ®¿Øm¬ kc- k zXoi_v Z w In´pw.
""ktcm hnhn[ ⁄m\w hnZytX bkymw
NnXu 97 km kc-kzXo'' i_vZm¿Y-ß-fpsS
kw_‘w {]tbmKw apX-emb hnhn[ hnjbßfpsS bYm-X-Y-amb ⁄m\-tØmSp IqSnb-sX-∂¿Y-am-Wv kc-kz-Xo-°p-≈Xv. AXn-\m¬
Cuiz-c\v kc-kzXo F∂p t]cp-≠v.
kcvh-i-‡n-am≥x˛ ""kcvhmx- i-‡tbm
hnZyt¥ bkvan≥ k kcvh-i-‡n-am-\o-izcx''
Xs‚ I¿Ø-hy-\n¿h-l-W-Øn\v as‰m-cp-hs‚
klm-b-an-—n-°msX F√m Imcyßfpw kzkma¿Yyw sIm≠p-Xs∂ \S-Øp-∂-h-\m-I-bm¬
Cuiz-c\v kcvh-i-‡n-am≥ F∂p t]cm-bn.
\ymb-Imcn;-˛ ""WnRv {]m]-tW'' 98 F∂
[mXp- h n¬ \n∂v \ymbiv _ w D≠m- I p- ∂ p.
""{]am-ssW-ccvY-]-co-£Ww \ymbx'' F∂p
hm’ym-b\ al¿jn Xs‚ \ymb kq{X-`m-jyØn¬ ]d-™n-´p≠v. ]£-]mXcmln-Xym-NcWw \ymbx {]Xy-£w. A\p-am\w apX-em-b
{]am-W-ß-sf-s°m≠v ]co-£n®v kXysØ
bYm-hXv Adn-bp-Ibpw ]£-]m-X-c-ln-X-ambn
[¿aw BN-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv
\ymbw F∂p ]d-bp-∂X
- v. ""\ymbw IcvXpw ioeaky k \ymb- I m- c o- i zcx'' 99 ]£- ] mXw
96 [mXp]mTw˛1.669
97 NnXn-i-‡m-ho-izcm F∂¿Yw
98 [mXp]mTw˛1.642
99 \ymb-`m-jy-Im-c≥ IuSn-ey≥ F∂p IqSn-t]-cp≈
NmW-Iy-\m-sW∂pw hmXvkym-b\
- ≥ F∂Xp tKm{X\m-a-amsW∂pw sFXn-lm-knI aX-ap≠v.
93 [mXp]mTw˛5.16
94 [mXp]mTw˛1.638
95 [mXp]mTw˛10.5
15
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
X, cmK-tZz-jß
- ƒ, Ahn-ZymZn Ivtfi-ßƒ Pohmflm-hns‚ KpW-ßf
- m-Ip-∂p. Cu c≠p-hn[ KpWß- f n- √ m- Ø - h - \ mWv Cuiz- c ≥. ""Ai- _ v Z - a kv]cvi-a-cq-]-a-hy-bav'' 102 F∂p XpS-ßnb D]\n-j-Zz-N-\-ß-fmWv AXn\p {]am-Ww. AXn\m¬ Cuiz-c\v \n¿Kp-W-s\∂ A`n-[m\w
tNcp-∂p.
kKp-W≥:˛ ''tbm KpssWx kl hcvØtX
k kKpWx'' k¿h-⁄-X, B\-µ-a-b-X, ]cn
ip≤-X, A]-cn-ta-b-_-ew, apX-emb KpW-ßtfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-I-bm¬ Cuiz-c≥ kKp-W≥
BIp-∂p.
]rYn-hnbv°p K‘mZn KpW-ßƒ D≈-XpsIm≠v AXp kKp-W-bmWv; C—m-Zn-Kp-W-ßƒ
C√m- Ø - X p- s Im≠v AXp \n¿Kp- W - b p- a mWv
AXp-t]mse Xs∂ PU-amb PK-Ønepw tNX\-amb Pohm-flm-hnepw ImW-s∏-Sp∂ KpW-ßsfm∂pw X\n°v C√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v PK-Zo-izc≥ \n¿Kp-W\pw k¿h-⁄X apX-emb KpWß-fp-≈-Xp-sIm≠v kKp-W\pw BIp-∂p. kKpW-Xzhpw \n¿Kp-W-Xzhpw CS-I-e¿∂-X-√mØ
bmsXmcp hkvXphpw temI-Øn¬ C√. tNX\-Kp-W-ß-fn-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v PU-]-Zm¿Y-ßƒ
\n¿Kp-W-ß-fm-sW∂pw AtN-X-\-Kp-W-ß-fp-≈Xp-sIm≠v kKp-W-ß-fm-sW∂pw ]d-bmw. AXpt]mse Xs∂ PU-]-Zm¿Y-ß-fpsS KpW-ßƒ
C√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v Pohm-flm-°ƒ \n¿Kp-W-ßfm-Ip-∂p. C—m-Zn-I-fmb tNX-\-Kp-W-ß-fp-≈-Xn\m¬ kKp-Wß-fm-sW∂pw ]d-bmw. Cuiz-c\nepw kKp-WXz \n¿Kp-W-Xz-ßƒ Iq-Sn-t®¿∂n
cn°p-∂Xpw C∆-Æ-am-sW-∂-dn-b-Ww.
A¥-cym-an˛ ""A¥-cy¥pw \nb¥pw ioew
bky tkmfb-a-¥-cymao'' temI--Øn-ep≈ tNX\m-tN-X\ ]Zm¿Y-ß-fpsS A¥¿`m-K-Øn¬
Ccp∂v F√m-‰n-s\bpw \nb-{¥n®p \S-Øp-∂Xp-sIm≠v Cuiz-c\v A¥-cyman F∂p t]cmbn.
[¿a-cm-P≥˛ "tbm [cvta cmPtX k [cvacmPx' [¿a-Øn¬ am{Xw {]Im-in-°p-I-bpw
[¿asØ am{Xw {]Im-in-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂
Cuiz-cs\ [¿a-cm-P-s\∂p hnfn-°p-∂p.
ba≥-˛˛ "bap, D]-c-ta' 103 F∂ [mXp-hn¬
IqSmsX [¿aw \SØp∂ kz`mhap≈-Xn-\m¬
Cuiz-cs\ \ymb-Imcn F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
Zbm-epx˛ ""Zb, Zm\-K-Xn-c-£-W-lnw-km˛Zm-t\-jp'' 100 F∂ [mXp-hn¬ \n∂v Zb kn≤n°p-∂p. ""ZbtX ZZmXn Pm\mXn K—Xn c£Xn
ln\kv X n bbm km Zbm. _lzo Zbm
hnZytX bky k Zbmepx ]c-ta-izc''. `b-ap≈-h¿°v A`bw \¬Ip-∂, kXym-k-Xy-ß-fpw,
k¿h-hn-Zy-Ifpw Adn-bp-∂, \√-hsc c£n-°p∂, ZpjvS∑
- msc A¿l-ambn in£n-°p∂ Cuizcs\ Zbmep F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
AssZz-Xwx˛ ""Zztbmcv`mthm Zzm`ymanXw
k ZznXm 101 AYhm ZzoXw hm sskh XtZh
hm ssZzXw. \ hnZysX ssZzXw ZznXo-tb-izc-`-mthm bkvan≥XZ-ssZzXw; AcvYmXv kPmXo- b - h n- P m- X obkzK- X - t `- Z - i q\yw {_“''
c≠ns‚ `mhw ssZzXw. ssZzX- a - n √m- Ø Xv
AssZz-Xw. kPm-Xo-bw, hnPm-Xo-bw, kzKXw
F∂p {Xnhn[ t`Z-ap-≠v. B t`Z-ßƒ C√mØXv AssZzXw F∂p hnh-£. c≠p a\pjy¿°p XΩn-ep≈ t`Zw kPm-Xob t`Z-amIp∂p. a\p-jy-Xz-sa∂ Htc PmXn-bn-ep≈ c≠p
]Zm¿Y-ßƒ XΩn-ep≈ hyXym-k-am-W-Xv. a\pjy-\pw, hr£w, ine apX-em-b-h-Iƒ°pw XΩnep≈ t`Zw hnPm-Xob t`Z-am-Wv. Htc ico-cØn-ep≈ IÆv, sNhn, aq°v, sNhn apX-emb
Ah-b-h-ßƒ XΩn-ep≈ t`Z-sØ-bmWv kzKX-t`Zw F∂p ]dbp∂-Xv. Cuiz-cs‚ kPm-Xobt\m hnPm-Xo-bt\m Bb as‰mcp Cuiz-c≥
C√. Cuiz-cs‚ kzmflm-hn¬ Xs∂ kzK-X-t`Z-ap-≈-Xpw, XØzm-¥-c-ap-≈-Xp-am-b-sXm-∂p-an-√mbvI-bm¬ Cuiz-cs\ "AssZzXw' F∂p hnfn°p-∂p.
\n¿Kp-W≥:˛ ""KpWyt¥ tb tX KpWm
hm ssbcv K pW- b ¥n tX KpWmx; tbm
KptWt`ym \ncvKXx k \ncvKpW Cuizcx''
kØzw, cP-kv, Xakv F∂n-hbpw cq]w, ckw,
K‘w, kv]¿iw CXym-Zn-Ifpw PU-]-Zm¿Y-ßfpsS KpW-ß-fm-Ip-∂p. A⁄-X, Aev]-⁄100 [mXp]mTw˛1.322
101 ZznXm F∂-Xns‚ apJym¿Yw t`Z-sa-∂m-Wv.
{KŸ-I¿Ømhpw DØ-c-hm-Iy-Øn¬ Cu A¿Yw
kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. H∂n-tesd A\mZn XØz-ßsf
kzoI-cn-°p∂ Z¿i-\ß
- s
- f√mw
ssZzX-Z¿i-\ß
- f
- m-W.v
102 ItTm-]-\n-jXv˛3.15
103 [mXp]mTw˛1.710
16
H∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
∂-h≥ F∂¿Y-Øn¬ Cuiz-cs‚ ]cym-b-amWv
Ime≥.
tijx˛ ""injver, hnti-j-tW'' 110 F∂
[mXp-hn¬ \n∂v tij-i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""bx
injytX k tijx'' Dev]-Øn-bnepw {]f-bØnepw tijn-°p-∂-h≥˛ Ah _m[n-°m-ØXv˛ F∂¿Y-ap≈ tij≥ Cuiz-c-hm-Nn-bm-Wv.
B]vXx ""B]ver, hym]vXu'' 111 F∂ [mXphn¬ \n∂v B]vX-i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""bx
kcvhm≥ [cvam-fl\ B]vt\mXn hm kcvssh
[cvam-fl-`n-cm-]ytX OemZn clnXx k B]v
Xx'' kIe hnZym- b p- ‡ \pw ktXym- ] - t ZjvSmhpw [¿am-flm-°-fm¬ {]m]y-\pw, Ah-cn¬
hnf-ßp-∂-h\pw Im]-Sy-an-√m-Ø-h-\p-am-b-h≥
F∂¿Y-ap≈ "B]vX≥' Cuiz-cs‚ \maamWv.
iwI-cx˛ iw F∂ D]-]-Z-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb
UpIrRv Ic-tW 112 F∂ [mXp-hn¬ \n∂v
\n∂p i¶- c- i _v Z w D≠m- I p- ∂ p. ""bx iw
IeymWw kpJw ItcmXn k i¶cx'' awKfw
AYhm kpJw Df-hm-°p-∂-h≥ F∂¿Y-Øn¬
i¶-c-kw⁄ Cuiz-c-hm-Nn-bm-Wv.
alm-tZ-h≥:˛ tZh-i-_vZ-Øn¬ alXv F∂pIqSn tN¿Øm¬ alm-tZ-h≥ F∂ \maw D≠mIp-∂p. ""tbm alXmw tZhx k alm-tZhx'' 113
tZh-∑m-cpsS tZh≥ AXm-b-Xv, hnZzm-∑m-cn¬
hnZzm\pw kqcymZn ]Zm¿Y-ßsf°qSn {]Im-in∏n-°p-∂-h-s\-∂¿Yw.
{]nbx:˛""{]oR,v Xcv]tW Ims¥u N'' 114
\n∂v ba-i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""bx kcvhm≥
{]mWnt\m \nb-—Xn k bax'' kIe {]mWnIƒ°pw I¿a-êw hyh-ÿ-sN-øp-∂Xv ba≥.
kI-e-hn-[-Øn-ep≈ A\ym-b-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw
AI-∂n-cn-°p-∂-h≥ F∂pw ba\v A¿Y-ap-≠v.
Aß-s\-bp≈ Cuiz-c≥ ba-\m-Ip-∂p.
`K-hm≥˛ ""`P-, tk-hmbmav'' 104 F∂ [mXphn¬ \n∂v `K-i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p. AXn¬
aXp]v {]Xybw tN¿Øm¬ `K-hm≥ F∂
i_vZw In´pw. ""`Kx kIsseizcyw tkh\w
hm hnZytX bky k `K-hm≥''. kIe sFizcy-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h\pw `Pn-°p-hm≥ tbmKy\pamb Cuiz-c\p `K-hm≥ F∂p t]cm-bn.
a\px˛ ""a\, ⁄mt\'' 105F∂ [mXp-hn¬
\n∂v a\p-kw⁄ D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""tbm a\ytX
k a\px'' hn⁄m-\-io-e≥ As√-¶n¬ am\nbvt°-≠-h≥ F∂¿Yw. Cuiz-c\v Cu tbmKyX-I-fp-≈-Xn-\m¬ a\p F∂p t]cp h∂p.
]pcp-j≥:˛ "]r, ]me-\-]q-c-W-tbmx' 106
F∂ [mXp-hn¬ \n∂mWv ]pcp-j-i-_vZ-kn-≤n.
""bx kz hym]vXym Ncmf-Ncw PKXv ]rWmXn
]qc-b-Xn hm k ]pcpjx'' 107 temI-Øn-se√mw
\nd-™n-cn-°p-∂-h-\m-I-bm¬ Cuiz-c\v ]pcpj≥ F∂p t]¿.
hnizw-`-c≥˛ hniz-]q¿h-I-amb ""Up`rRv,
[mcWt]mjW-tbmx'' 108 F∂ [mXp-hn¬
\n∂v hnizw-`c i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""tbm
hnizw _n`cvXn [cXn ]pjvWmXn hm k
hnizw-`tcm PK-Zo-izcx'' PK-Øns\ [cn-°pIbpw t]mjn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv F∂¿Yap≈ hnizw-`-c- i_vZw Cuiz-cs‚ t]cm-Wv.
Ime≥˛ ""Ie-, KXu kw-Jym-t\ N'' 109 F∂
[mXp-hn¬ \n∂v Ime-kw⁄ D≠m-Ip-∂p.""IebXn kwJymXn kcv h m≥ ]Zmcv Y m≥ k
Imex'' temI-Øn-ep≈ kIe PU-]-Zm¿Y-ßtfbpw Pohm-flm-°-tfbpw FÆn IW-°m-°p-
110
111
112
113
[mXp]mTw˛7.14
[mXp]mTw˛5.15
[mXp]mTw˛8. 10
CXv kam-k-Øns‚ hn{K-l-a-√. A¿Y-\n¿t-Zi-am-Wv.
kamkw kam-\m-[n-I-cW XXv]p-cp-j≥ Xs∂.
kmam-knI hn{K-l-Øm¬ `n∂ ]Z-ß-fpsS A¿Y\n¿tZiw sNøp-∂Xv {]mNo-\]
- c
- n-]m-Sn-bm-Wv.
alm-`mjyw 1. 1˛1 mw Blv\n-I-Øn¬ ""[cva-\n-bax''
F∂-Xn\v [cvamb \nbax F∂pw ""hrØn-k-a-hmbx''
F∂-Xns\ hrØtb ka-hmbx F∂pw A¿Yw
]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. imkv{Xo-b-ambn ""hnIrXn
hmNI NXpcvYy¥ kp_-¥-Øn\v {]IrXn hmNI
kp_-¥-tØmSp am{Xta kamkw hbv°q.
AjvSm-[ym-bn-bnse NXp¿Yo XZ¿Ym... (2.1.35)
F∂ kq{Xw t\m°p-I. IqSm-sX, jjvTo
XXv]p-cp-j\
- mb alm-Lm-k,alm-Ic
- ,apX-embhbn¬
""al-ZmtXz Lmk-Ic hnin-jvtS-jq-]k
- w-Jym\w
]pw hZz-N\w Nmk-am-\m-[n-Ic-Wav'' F∂ hm¿Øn-IØm¬ BXzw hcpw-hÆw F∂-dn-bpI
114 [mXp]mTw˛9.2
104 [mXp]mTw˛1.724
105 [mXp]mTw˛4.65
106 [mXp]mTw˛9.18
107 ]qc-b-Xy-¥-cn-Xy-¥-c-]p-cp-j-a-`n-t{]Xy˛-\n-cp‡w 2.3
tXt\Z ]qcvWw ]pcp-tjW kcvhav.....
(ssXØcob BcWyIw 10.10)
108 [mXp]mTw˛3.5
109 [mXp]mTw˛10.290
17
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ßƒ°v FÆ-an-√. AXn-\m¬
At±-l-Øns‚ \ma-ßƒ°pw FÆ-an-√. Hmtcm
tcm KpW-tØbpw I¿atØbpw kz`m-h-tØ
bpw Ipdn-°p-hm≥ Hmtcmtcm t]cp-If
- p-≠v. Rm≥
ChnsS Fgp- X nb \maßƒ kap- { Z- Ø n\p
apºn¬ Xp≈n-sb-∂-hÆw Xp—-am-Ip-∂p. thZmZn-im-kv{X-ßf
- n¬ Cuiz-cs‚ FÆ-a‰ KpW-Icvakz-`m-h-ßsf hymJym-\n-®n-´p-≠v. thZm-Zn-imkv { X- ß ƒ ]Tn- ° p- I bpw ]Tn- ∏ n- ° p- I bpw
sNbvXm¬ am{Xta B \ma-ßsf Adn-bp-hm≥
Ign-bq. thZm-Zn-im-kv{X-ßsf A[y-b\w sNøp∂-h¿°p am{Xta a‰p ]Zm¿Y-ß-fpsS ⁄m
\hpw ]q¿W-ambn D≠m-hp-I-bp-≈q.
tNmZyw˛ a‰p≈ {KŸ-Im-c-∑m-sc-√m-hcpw
{KŸ-Øns‚ BZn-bnepw a[y-Ønepw Ah-km\-Ønepw awKf {]m¿Y\ sNøm-dp-≠-t√m.
AXp-t]mse Aßv {]m¿Yn-°p-Itbm awK-ft«mIw Fgp-Xp-Itbm sNøm-Ø-sX-¥p-sIm≠mWv?
DØcw˛ Aßns\ sNøp-∂Xv \ap°v DNnX-a-√. {KŸ-Øns‚ BZn-a-[ym-h-km\ßfn¬
awKfw BN-cn-®m¬ CS-bn-ep≈ `mKw apgp-h\pw
Aaw-Kf
- a
- m-sW∂p ]d-tb≠p hcpw. AXn-\m¬˛
awK-em-N-cWw injvSm-Nm-cmXv ê-Zcvi-\mNv{Op-XnXt›-Xn. 120. F∂ kmwJy-im-kv{X-hN-\-{]-Imcw \ymb-hpw, ]£-]m-X-c-ln-X-hpw,
thZ-{]-Xn-]m-Zn-X-hp-amb Cuiz-cm-⁄sb F√mbvt]mgpw F√m-bn-SØpw bYm-\p-krXw BNcn-°p-∂X
- p-Xs
- ∂-bmWv icn-bmb awK-fm-Nc
- W
- w.
{KŸ-Øns‚ Bcw`w apX¬ Ah-km\w hsc
sNøp∂ kXym-N-c-W-amWv icn-bmb awK-fmN-c-Ww. Hcn-SØp awK-fhpw as‰mcn-SØv AawK-fhpw Fgp-Xp-∂X
- √
- . alm-ib
- ∑m-cmb al¿jnam-cpsS hm°p-Iƒ tI´mepwx˛
bm\y-\-h-Zym\n Icvam-Wn, Xm\n tkhn-Xhym\n; t\m CX-cm-Wn 121 CXp ssXØn-cotbm-]-\n-j-Ønep≈ hN-\-am-Ip-∂p. {]nb-k-¥Xn-Itf! A\-hZ- y-ßf
- mb AY-hm, \nµn-°s
- ∏-
F∂ [mXp-hn¬ \n∂v {]nb i_vZw D≠m-Ip∂p. ""bx ]rWmXn {]obtX hm k {]nbx''
[¿am-flm-°fpw apap-£p-°fpw injvS-∑m-cp-am-bhsc kt¥mjn-∏n-°p-∂-h≥ As√-¶n¬Ghcpw
{]m]n-bv°p-hm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂Xv F∂¿Yap≈ {]nb-i_vZw Cuiz-c-hm-Nn-bm-Wv.
kzbw`qx:˛ "kzbw' ]q¿h- I - a mb ""`q,
kØmbmw'' 115 F∂ [mXp-hn¬ \n∂v kzbw`q
i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""bx kzbw `hXn k
kzbw`qco-izcx'' kzb-tah D≈Xv as‰m-∂n¬
\n∂v D≠m-Im-ØXv F∂¿Y-Øn¬ kzbw`q
Cuiz-c-hm-Nn-bm-Wv.
Ihnx˛ "Ip, i-_vtZ' 116 F∂ [mXp-hn¬
\n∂v Ihn-i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""bx IuXn
i_vZ-bXn kcvh-hnZymx k Ihn-co-izcx'' kIe-hn-Zy-It- fbpw Adn-bp-Ibpw Ahsb A\y¿°p
thZ-ßƒ aptJ\ D]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂
Cuiz-cs‚ Hcp \ma-amWv Ihn.
- n-Zcvi\
- w 117 F∂ [mXp-]mTinhx˛ (_lp-et- a-X∂
{]- I mcw DWm- Z n- t Im- i - Ø nse kcv h \nLr- j zcnjzejzinh]Svh{]tlzjz AXt{¥ F∂ kq{X-{]Imcw "inhp, Ieym-tW'') ]cn-`m-j-I≥ 118
inhx˛ ""inhp Ieym-tW'' 117 F∂ [mXphn¬ \n∂v inh-i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂p. ""_lp-eta-X-∂n-Zcvi-\w'' 118 F∂ hN-\-{]-Imcw inhp
[mXp A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-Wv. kzbw awKf kzcq]nbpw A\y¿°v awK-f-{]-Z-\p-am-I-bm¬ Cuizcs‚ t]cmWv inh≥.
Cuiz- c s‚ \qdp 119 \ma- ß ƒ ChnsS
hymJym-\n-®p. CXp-Iq-SmsX thsdbpw Akw
Jyw \maßƒ Cuiz-c-\p-≠v. k¿th-iz-cs‚
115 [mXp]mTw˛1.1
116 [mXp]mTw˛2.35
117 DWmZn 1.153 ¬ ioMvitb [mXp-hn¬ h\v {]Xy-bm¥w
\n]m-Xn-Xa
- m-Wv.
118 CXv [mXp-]mTw 10.366-˛mw kq{X-am-Wv.
[mXp-]m-T-Øn¬ [mXp-°-fpsS \nZ¿i-\-amWv
{]mtb-Wb
- p-≈X
- v. hrØn-Im-c∑
- m¿ Cu kq{Xw
hymJym-\n-°th [mXp-]m-T-Øn-en-√mØ hnhn[ [mXp°-fpsS DZm-lc
- Ww \¬In-bn-´p-≠v.
Cu kq{X-a-\p-k-cn®v {KŸ-I¿Øm-hv, inh
- kw-⁄-bpsS A¿YsØ e£y-am°n [mXp-I-ev]\
sNbvXn-cn-°p-Ib
- m-Wv.
119 Bh¿Ø\w sNbvX \ma hymJym-\-ß-sfm-gnsI
BsI 104 \ma-ß-fpsS hymJym-\-amWv Cu
kap-√m-k-Øn-ep-≈-Xv. ]c-kv]c kw_-‘-amb
kXv Nn-Xv- B-\-µw apX-em-b-hsb
GIo-I-cn-®m¬ kwJy \qdnepw Ipd-bpw.
AXn-\m¬ ChnsS \qsd∂ kwJy
D]-e£
- W
- m¿YamsW-∂d
- n-bW
- w.
120 kmwJy-Z¿i\w 5.1
121 ssXØn-co-tbm-]-\n-jXv 1.11
18
H∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
S-Ø-°-X-√m-ØXpw [¿a-bp-‡-hp-amb I¿a
ßfmWv \nßƒ kZm A\p-jvTn-t°-≠-Xv.
A[¿a-ß-f-√. AXn-\m¬ B[p-\nIßfmb
{KŸßfn¬ ""{ioK-tW-imb \ax'' ""koXm-cm-
°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv ]ucm-Wn-I-∑m-cp-sSbpw
Xm{¥n-I-∑m-cp-sSbpw anYym-I-ev]\Ifn¬\n∂v
A`y-kn-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. thZm-Zn-imkv{Xßfn¬
lcn F∂pw a‰pw Hcn- S Øpw Bcw- ` - Ø n¬
{]tbm-Kn-®n-ń-√. AXn-\m¬ {KŸm-cw-`-Øn¬
HmwIm-ctamAYtbm BWv Fgp-tX-≠-Xv.
Cuiz-cs\ hnj-b-am°n C{X-am{Xw Npcp°n
]d-™p. XpS¿∂v "in£Ww' F∂ hnj-bs
- Ø∏‰n ]d-bmw.
am`ymw \ax'' cm[m-Ir-jvWm`ymw \ax {ioKp-cp-N-cWm-c-hn-µm`ymw \ax'' l\p-atX \ax ZpcvKmssb
\ax _Sp-Imb \ax ss`c-hmb \ax inhmb \ax
kc-kzssXy \ax \mcm-b-Wmb \ax Fs∂√mw
Fgp-Xn-°m-Wp-∂Xv thZ-imkv{Xßƒ°v hncp≤-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v anYy-bm-sW-∂mWp _p≤n-am∑m¿ hnNm-cn-°p-∂-Xv. thZßfnepw B¿j{KŸßfnepw Cu amXn-cn-bp≈ awK-fm-N-cWw
Hcn-SØpw ImWp-∂n-√. B¿j-{KŸßsf√mw
HmwImcw AY F∂o ]Zßfpam-bmWv Bcw`n-°p-∂-Xv. t\m°pI:˛ ""AY i_vZm-\p-imk\av'' AtY-Xybw i_vtZm-[n-Im-cmcvY {]bpPy-tX. (CXp hymI-c-W-a-lm-`m-jym-cw-`-am-Ip∂p.) ""AYm-tXm- [cva-Pn-⁄mkm''. AtY-Xym\-¥tcy thZm-[y-b-\m-\-¥-c-av. (CXp ]q¿h-aoamwkm hN-\-am-Ip-∂p.) ""AYmtXm [cvaw
hymJym-kymax'' AtYXn [cvaIY-\m-\-¥cw
[cv a - e - £ Ww hnti- j W hymJym- k ymax
(CXp sshti-jnI Z¿i-\m-cw`-am-Ip-∂p) ""AY
tbmKm-\p-im-k\av'' AtY-Xy-b-a-[n-Im-cmcvYx
(CXp tbmK-im-kv{Xm-cw-`-am-Ip-∂p) "AY {Xn
hn[ ZpxJm-Xy-¥-\n-hr-Øn-c-Xy-¥-]p-cp-jmcvYx'
kmwkm-cnIhnj-bt- `m-Km-\¥
- cw {Xnhn-[Z- px-JmXy¥ \nhr-XycvYx {]bXv\x IcvØhyx (CXp
kmwJy-im-kv{ Xm-c w-`-am-Ip-∂ p.) ""AYmtXm
{_“-Pn-⁄mkm'' (CXv H∂mw thZm-¥-kq-{Xam-Ip-∂p) ""Hman-tXy-X-Z-£c apZvKo-Y-ap-]mkoX'' (CXv OmtµmKy D]-\n-j-Ønse Bcw`-hm-Iy-am-Ip-∂p.) ""Hman-tXy-XZ- £
- c
- a
- nZw kcvhw
Xtkym] hymJym\w'' (CXv amWvUqIy D]\n-j-Ønse {]mcw-`-hm-Iy-am-Ip-∂p.)
Ejn-ap-\n-am¿ cNn-®n-´p≈ a‰p {KŸßfpw
Bcw-`n-°p-∂Xv Hmw Ft∂m AY Fs∂m
BWv. 122 \mep thZßfpsS Bcw-`-Ønepw
CXp-t]mse Xs∂. ""A·nx, CSv, A·nx, tb
{Xnj]vXmx ]cn-b-¥n 123 F∂o ]Z-ß-fmWv
ImWp- ∂ - X v.""{ioK- t W- i m- b - \ ax'' F∂p
XpSßnbh Fßpan√. sshZn-I-∑m¿ thZm-cw`-Øn¬ "lcn Hmw' F∂v Fgp-Xp-Ibpw D®-cn-
{ioa-±-bm-\µ kc-kzXn kzman-I-fm¬
hnc-Nn-Xa
- m-b kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iØ
- n¬
Cuiz-c\
- m-a{- ]-Xn-]m-ZI
- a
- mb
{]Y-tam-√mkw Ign-™p.
kXym¿Y{]Im-iØ
- n¬
h¿Wn-®n-cn-°p∂
108 Cuiz-c-\m-a-ß-fpsS ]ńI
(A-Im-cmZn {Ia-Øn¬)
\qs‰´p \ma hymJym-\ß
- f
- m-Wp-≈X
- v. F∂m¬ ]c-am-flm,
Bfl kw_-‘n-X-hpw, ]c-ta-iz-c≥ Cuizc kw_-‘nXhpw ]nXm-a-l≥, {]]n-Xm-a-l≥ ]nXm-kw-_-‘n-Xhpw
k®n-Zm-\-µ≥ ka-kvX-cq-]hpw tZhn tZhs‚ kv{XoenMvKhpw {_“mhv {_“-Øns‚ ]p√nw-K-hp-am-Wv. Ch
Ggpw Hmw Hgn-hm-°n-bm¬ \qdp \ma-ßf
- m-Wp-≈X
- .v Hmans‚
hymJym-\a
- m-Wt√m as‰-√mw.
1 A£c = £cw-˛\miw C√m-ØXv.
2 A·n = KXn-bn¬ \bn-°p-∂-h≥
3 AP = P\n-°m-ØXv.
4 AØm = Ncm-N-c-P-K-∂n-b-¥m-hv.
5 AssZzXw = {Xnhn[ t`Zc-ln-Xamb-Xv.
6 A\¥w = ]cn-am-W-c-ln-Xamb-Xv.
7 A\mZn = ImcWcln-X≥
8 A¥-cyman = A¥¿ÿn-X≥.
9 A∂w = `£-W-i‡n- \¬Ip-∂Xv.
10 A∂mZx = t`mKi‡n- \¬Ip-∂Xv.
11 Acyam = A\o-Xn-bn¬ can-°m-ØXv.
12 BImix = {]Im-iI
- m-cI
- a
- m-bX
- v.
13 BNmcy = Ncm-N-c-KXn Imń-Ø-cp-∂-Xv.
14 Bflm = kq£vam-Xn-kq£va hym]vX≥
15 BZn-Xy≥ = HcpIm-eØpw\in-°m-Ø-Xv.
16 B\-µ≥ = [¿an-jvT-cpsS \µ-\≥.
17 B]vX = [¿an-jvT-cn¬ hym]vX≥.
122 ipIvf-b-÷pcvthZw 1.17 kzm[ym-bm-Z\ CXn..............
123 A·nx CSv, A·nx F∂o aq∂pw ]Z-{]-Xn-]m-Z-Ihpw
\mem-at- ØXv a{¥-{]-Xo-Ih
- p-am-Wv.
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C{µ≥ = sFizy-cy-]Xn
Cuiz-c≥ = sFiy-cyØn¬ can-°p-∂-Xv.
Dcp-{I-a≥ = {Ia-Øn-e-[nIw ]cm-{I-an.
Hmw = kXv-˛-Nn-Xv-˛-B-\µ kzcq]w.
Ihn = Adn-bp∂Xv Adn-bn-°p-∂-Xv.
Ime≥ = FÆ-ßsf Adn-bp-∂-Xv.
Imem·n = FÆ-ßsf \bn-°p-∂-Xv.
Ipt_-c≥ = kI-em-[n-]-Xn.
IqS-ÿ≥ = cq]-Ønepw kzcq-]ÿnX≥.
tIXp = Hcp tcmKhpw _m[n-°m-Ø-Xv.
Jw = k¿h-hym]n
KW-]Xn = Ncm-N-c-K-W-ß-fpsS ]Xn.
KtW-i≥ = KW-ß-fpsS Cui≥.
Kcp-flm≥ = _rlXvkzcq-]≥(Kpcp-˛-L\)
Kpcp = \mi-c-ln-Xambn hnf-ßp-∂-Xv.
N{µ≥ = B\-µ-kz-cq-]≥
NnXv = tNX-\-ssN-X-\y-t_m-[-kz-cq-]w.
Pew = P\bnXmhpw ebn∏n°p-∂-h-\pw.
⁄m\w = F√mw Adn-bp-∂-Xv.
ssXP-k≥ = {]Im-i˛tXtPm-Im-cI
- ≥
Zbmep = F√m-Øn\pw A`bw\¬Ip-∂Xv
Znhy≥ = Znhy-]-Zm¿Y-ß-fn¬ hym]vX≥.
tZh≥ = a‰v klmbw IqSmsX kzbw hnf-ßp-∂Xv
tZhn = ssNX-\y-Im-cW
- I
- m-cn-Ib
- mbn hnf-ßp-∂Xv
[¿a-cm-P≥ = [¿Ω-sØ-am{Xw [cn-°p-∂-h≥.
\mcm-bW
- ≥ = k¿hhy]nbmbn Ab-\w-sN-øp-∂Xv
\nXy≥ = Ne-\-c-ln-X-\m-I-bm¬ \mi-an-√m-Ø-Xv
\nc-⁄-\≥ = Ae-£-W-ambn H∂pw C√m-ØXv
\ncm-Im-c≥ = BIm-c-w Hm∂pta C√m-ØXv
\n¿Kp-W≥ = Xt‚-X-√mØKpWßsf kv]¿in-°m-Øh≥
\ymb-Imcn = ]£-]mXan√msX [¿aw \SØp∂Xv
]c-am-flmhv = kq£vam-Xn-kq-£-a-ambn hym]vX≥
]c-ta-iz-c≥ = Xpey-amtbm ]-c-amtbm as‰m-∂p-an-√m-Ø-h≥
]nXmhv = D∂-a-\sØ am{Xw Imw£n-°p-∂-h≥
]nXm-a-l≥ = ]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS ]nXmhv
]pcp-j≥ = ]pcn-bn¬ (hn-izw) ibn-°p-∂-h≥
]rYnhn = PK-Øns\ hnkvX-cn-°p-∂-h≥
{]Pm-]Xn = {]P-Isf ]cn-]m-en-°p-∂- ]Xn
{]]nXm-a-l≥ = {]⁄m]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS ]nXmhv
{]m⁄≥ = icn-bmbn Adn-bp-∂h≥
{]mW≥ = \ne\n-ev]n\v aqe-Im-c-W-am-bh≥
{]nb≥ = {]nb-am-b-Xn\pw {]nb-am-bXv
_‘p = kpJ-sØ \nb-a-ambn kzbw _‘n®ncn°p∂Xv
_p≤≥ = F√m-‰n-s\-bpw Ft∏mgpw Adn-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂Xv
_p[≥ = t_m[⁄m\kz-cq-]ambn-cn-°p-∂Xv
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_rl-kv]Xn = _rl-Øm-b-Xn-s‚-sb√mw ]Xn
{_“w = A¥-ca- n-√msX hym]vXa- m-bXv(\-]pw.-en-MvKw)
{_“mhv = _rlZvkrjvSn⁄m\-ap-≈Xv
`K-hm≥ = sFizcym[n]Xn
`qan = Ncm-N-c-ßsf [mcWw sNøp-∂Xv
awK-f≥ = Ne-\-Ønepw kpJw \¬Ip-∂Xv
a\p = a\-\˛⁄m\-ßfm¬ am\n-t°-≠Xv
alm-tZ-h≥ = tZh-∑m-cp-sS- a-lm-\m-b- tZ-h≥
amX-cnizm = Af-h‰ _e-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXv
amXmhv = Ir]m-]q¿hw k¥m-\]
- me\w sNøp-∂Xv
an{X≥ = F√m-h-scbpw kvt\ln-°p-∂-Xv
ap‡≥ = {]m]-©n-I-˛t¢i-ß-fn¬\n∂v tamNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv
b⁄w = kIe ]Zm¿Y-ß-sfbpw Iqń-t®¿°p-∂Xv
ba≥ = I¿a-ê (\n-b-a) hyh-ÿ-sN-øp-∂Xv
cmlp = as‰m∂pw IqSn-°-e-cmØ cq]-tØmSp IqSnbXv
cp{Z≥ = ZpjvS-∑msc in£n®p tcmZn-∏n-°p-∂Xv
e£van = P-K-Øns\ I≠psIm≠ncn-°p-∂Xv
hkp = GXn¬ F√mw ÿnXnsNøp-∂pthm AXv
hcp-W≥ = htc-Wy- Kp-W-ap-≈Xv
hmbp = hcn-°p-Ibpw kwl-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv
hncmSv = hnizsØ kztXP- p-sIm≠v {]Im-in-∏n-°p-∂Xv
hniz≥ = F√m-Ønepw Fßpw \nd™p h¿Øn-°p-∂pthm AXv
hnizw-`-c≥ = [cn-°p-Ibpw t]mjn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv
hntizi-c≥ = kI-e-P-K-Øn-s‚bpw A[n-jvTm-Xm-hm-Ibm¬
hnjvWp = k¿∆-Xn-epw hym]vX-\m-I-bm¬
i‡n = krjvSn-°p-hm≥ kma¿Yy-ap-≈-Xv
iwI-c≥ = awK-If
- I
- c- a- mbn am{Xw I¿Ωw sNbvIb
- m¬
iss\-›c
- ≥ (i-\n) = KXn-bn¬ kl-P-amb ss[cy-ap-≈-XXv
inh≥ = kzbw awK-f-{]-Z-\pw ZmXm-hp-am-I-bm¬
ip{I≥ = kwK-Øm¬ ]hn-{X-Xbn¬ FØp-∂-Xn-\m¬
ip≤≥ = a‰p-≈sX√mw ]cn-ip-≤am-°p∂Xv
tij≥ = Dev]-Øn-bnepw {]f-b-Ønepw tijn-°p-∂-Xv
{io = tkhmtbmKyambXv
kKp-W≥ = X∂n¬ am{X-ap≈ KpW-ßt- fbpw [mcWw sNøp-∂Xv
k®n-Zm-\-µ≥ = kXv, NnXv, B\µw Ch-sb kzcq]-Øn¬ [mcWw sNøp-∂Xv
kXv = {Xn Im-e-ß-fnepw Hcpt]mse \mi-an-√msX h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv
kXyw = kØbp-≈Xn\m¬
kc-kzXn = hnhn[ hnj-bßfpsS bYm-X-Y-amb ⁄m\-tØmSpIqSnbXv
k¿h-i-‡n-am≥ = as‰-√m-i-‡n-I-fnepw i‡-am-bXv
khnXm = k¿h-tem-I-sØbpw Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-Xv GtXm
kp]¿W≥ = kZvI¿a-ßfn¬ ]q¿W-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv
kqcy≥ = PU-˛tN-X\ßfpsS A¥-cm-flm-hmbn kzbw {]-Imin°p-∂Xv
kzbw`q = kzb-tah D≈Xv as‰m-∂n¬ \n∂v D≠m-Im-ØXv
kzcmSv = kzbw hncm-Pn-°p-Ibpw {]Im-in-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂X
- n-\m¬
lnc-Wy-K¿`≥ = kqcymZntemI-ßƒ GXn¬ \n∂pw DZv`-hn-®pthm AXv
tlmXmhv = tbmKy-ambhsb sImSp°p-Ibpw kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv
2
c≠mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Imiw
hnZym-`ymk k{º-Zmbw
AY- in£mw {]h-£ymax
amXr-am≥ ]nXr-am-\m-Nm-cy-hm≥ ]pcptjm
thZ., CXp iX-]-Y-{_m-“-W-Øn-ep≈ Hcp
hmIy-am-Ip-∂p. 1 hmkvXhw ]d-bp-I-bm-sW¶n¬, amXmhv, ]nXmhv, BNm-cy≥ F∂o aq∂v
DØ-am-≤ym-]-I-∑msc e`n® Hcp-h≥ am{Xta
Adn-hp-≈-h-\m-Iq. [m¿an-Icpw ]Tn-∏p-≈-h-cpamb amXm-]n-Xm-°-fp-≈-h-\mWv `mKy-hm≥! B
Ipe-amWv [\yw. a°ƒ°v F{X-tØmfw D]tZ-ihpw D]-Im-chpw amXm-hn¬ \n∂v e`n°ptam A{X-tØmfw a‰m-cn¬ \n∂pw e`n-°pI- b n- √ . AΩbv°v kzk- ¥ m\ßtfmSv
D≠mIp∂ hm’eyw as‰m-cmƒ°pw D≠m-hp∂-X-√. s]‰Ω a°-fpsS lnXsØ C—n-°p-∂Xp-t]mse as‰m-cmƒ C—n-°p-I-bp-an-√. AXn\m-emWv˛amXr-am≥ {]i-kvXbpw [¿a-X-ev]-cbp-amb amXm-hp-≈-h≥ ˛ F∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p∂-Xv 2. K¿`m-[m\w apX¬°v hnZym-`ymkw Ignbp-∂Xp hsc kzk-¥m-\-ßƒ°v kuioeyw
D]tZ-in-°p∂ AΩ-bmWv ]c-a-[-\y.
K¿`m-[m-\Ø
- n\v apºpw K¿`m-[m-\I
- m-eØpw
AXn\p tijhpw amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿ aZyw apXemb amZ-I-]-Zm¿Y-ß-tfbpw cq£hpw Zp¿K-‘1 iX-]-Y-{_m-“-Ww 14.6., 10.2 &
OmtµmKy D]\n-jØv 6.14.2
2 {]ikvXm [m¿anIo amXm hnZytX
bky k amXr-am≥
ap-≈-hbpw _p≤n-i-‡nsb \in-∏n-°p-∂-h-bpamb Blm-c-]-Zm¿Y-ß-tfbpw h¿Pn®v kam[m-\w, Btcm-Kyw, _ew, _p≤n, ]cm-{Iaw,
kuio-eyw, F∂n-h-bm¬ k`y-Xsb D≠m°p∂ s\øv, ]m¬, a[p-cm-∂-ßƒ apX-emb
]Zm¿Y-ßsf ioen-°p-∂-XmWv G‰hpw DNnXw. A{]-Imcw sNøp-∂-Xm-bm¬ Ah-cpsS
hocy-c-P-kp-Iƒ tZmj-c-lnXßfpw AXyp-Øa
KpW-]q¿W-hp-am-Ipw.
cmtPm-Z¿i-\-Øns‚ A©mw Znhkw apX¬
]Xn-\mdmw Znhkw hsc-bmWv K¿`m[m-\Ø
- n\p
hn[n-®n-cn-°p∂ Imew. Ah-bn¬ BZysØ
\mep-\mƒ h¿Py-ß-fm-Wv. tij-ap≈ ]{¥≠p
Znhkßfn¬ ]Xn-s\m-∂m-a-sØbpw ]Xn-aq-∂ma-sØbpw Znhkßƒ HgnsI _m°n-bp≈
]Øp cm{Xn-I-fn¬ am{Xw K¿`m-[m\w sNøp∂-XmWv DØ-aw. ctPm-Z¿i\w apX¬°v ]Xn\mdp cm{Xn-Iƒ Ign-™m¬ ]n∂oSv kv{Xo]pcpj kwtbm-K-a-cp-Xv. Cßs\ K¿`m-[m-\-Øn\v
tbmKy-amb Imew ho≠pw hcp-∂-Xp-h-tcbpw
K¿`m-[m\w D≠m-bm¬ AXp-ap-X¬ Hcp sIm√tØ°pw kwtbmKw ]mSn-√. `mcym-`¿Øm-°∑m¿ Ccp-h-cp-sSbpw icocw Btcm-Ky-tØmSp
IqSn-bXpw a\ v timI-c-ln-Xhpw {]k-∂-hpam-bn-cn-°-Ww. Nc-Iw, kp{ip-Xw, F∂o sshZy
{KŸßfnse hn[n- { ]- I mcw `£- W - h pw,
hkv{X-[m-c-Whpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. a\p-kvarXn
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
am-Ip-∂p. kv{XobpsS BtcmKyw ]cn-K-Wn--°ptºmƒ {]k-hn-®p-In-S-°p-∂-h-fpsS ape-∏m¬
Ipń°p sImSp-°p-∂Xp \√-X-√. ape-∏m¬
tNm¿∂p t]mIm-Xn-cn-∏m≥ th≠p∂ acp-∂pIƒ kvX\-ß-fn¬ ]pcń kvX\ysØ \ntcm[n®p \n¿Øp-∂-Xm-bm¬ {]k-hn® kv{Xo Hcp
amkw Ign-bp-tºm-tgbv°pw ho≠pw bph-Xn-bmIpw. AtXhsc ]pcp-j\pw {_“-N-cyw-sIm≠v
hocy-kw-c-£Ww sNø-Ww. C∏-d-™-hÆw
A\p-jvTn-°p∂ kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿°v DØ-a-k¥m\ßƒ D≠m-hp-I-bpw, Bbp-kpw, _ew,
]cm-{Iaw F∂nh h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. AhcpsS F√m k¥m\ßfpw DØ-a-cpw, [m¿an-Icpw, Zo¿Lm-bp- v, _ew, ]cm-{I-aw, F∂n-h-bp≈-h-cp-am-Ipw. kv{Xo A]-Xy-am¿KsØ kt¶mNn-∏n-®p, kwtim-[\w sNbvXp kq£n-°p-Ibpw
]pcp-j≥ hocy-kw-c£
- Ww sNøp-Ibpw thWw.
F¶n¬ ]n∂o-Sp-≠m-Ip∂ k¥m\ßsf√mw
DØ-a-cm-bn-cn-°pw.
Xs‚ a°ƒ ]cnjv-Ir-Xioecpw ico-cm-hbhßsf sIm≠v Ip’nXtNjvS-I-sfm∂pw
sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-h-cp-am-Im≥ \√ D]-tZißƒ
kZm \¬tI-≠Xv amXm-hns‚ I¿Ø-hy-am-Wv.
Ipń kwkm- c n- ° m≥ XpS- ß n- b m¬ AΩ
AXns‚ \mhn\p am¿±hw D≠m-I-Ø-°-hn[ap≈ D]mbw sNø- W w. F¶n¬ am{Xta
Ipń°p kv]jvS-ambn D®-cn-°p-hm≥ iIvXn
D≠m-hp-I-bp-≈q. AXXp h¿WßfpsS ÿm\{]-bXv\ßfpw (D-Zm-l-cWw ]dbmw˛ "]' ImcØn\v HmjvT-amWv ÿm\w. kv]rjvS-amWv {]bXv\w. F∂p sh®m¬ c≠p Np≠p-Is
- fbpw Iqńt®¿Øv D®-cn-°Ww F∂¿Yw.) {lkz-Zo¿LπpXßfpw kv]jvS-ambn D®-cn-°p-hm-\pw, a[pc-hpw, Kwò-c-hpw, kpµ-c-hp-amb kzc-Øn¬
A£-cw, am{X, ]Zw, hmIyw, k‘n, hncmaw
F∂nh hy‡-ambn tIƒ°-Ø-°-hÆw ]d-bphm\pw ]Tn-∏n-°-Ww. Ipń-Iƒ Iptds» kwkmcn-°p-hm\pw Imcy-ßƒ a\- n-em-°p-hm\pw XpSßn- b m¬ a[p- c - a mbn kwkm- c n- ° p- h m\pw
apXn¿∂-h¿ ka-∑m¿ Cf-b-h¿ amXm-]n-Xm-°∑m¿, am\y-∑m¿, cmPm-°-∑m¿ hnZzm-∑m¿, apXem-b-h-tcmSv kw`m-jWw sNtø-≠p∂ k{ºZm-b-hpw, s]cp-am-td-≠p∂ coXnbpw a‰pw Ah¿
°v ]Tn-∏n®p sImSp-°W
- w. F¶n¬ Imcyßfn¬
Ah¿ Hcn-SØpw Atbm-Ky-ambn s]cp-am-dp-I-
hn[n-®n-´p≈ coXn-bn¬ kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿ Ccphcpw At\ym\yw kt¥mjw {]Zm\w sNbvXp
Pohn-°-Ww. K¿`m-[m-\-Øns‚ tijw `£-WØnepw hkv{X-[m-c-W-Ønepw kv{XoIƒ hfsc
{i≤n- ° - W w. K¿`w [cn- ® - X n- \ p- t ijw Hcp
sIm√-tØ°v Ah¿ ]pcp-j-kw-tbmKw sNøcp-Xv. K¿`n-Wn-bmb kv{Xo {]khw Ign-bp-∂Xp-hsc _p≤n, _ew, cq]w, Btcm-Kyw, ]cm{I-aw, im¥n apX-emb KpW-ßsf D≠m-°p∂
]Zm¿Yßƒ am{Xw `£n-°-Ww.
{]khw Ign™ DSs\ inip-hns\ kpK‘-bp-‡-amb Pew-sIm≠v Ipfn-∏n®v s]m°nƒ
s°mSn tOZn®v InS-Øn-b-tijw hoń¬ \√
kpK- ‘ - t Øm- S p- I q- S nb s\øv apX- e mb
]Zm¿Yßfm¬ tlmaw sNø-Ww. {]k-hn®p
InS- ° p∂ kv { XobpsS Ipfn lnX- I - c - a mb
Blmcw apX-em-b-h°pw DNn-X-amb G¿∏m-Sv
sN-øWw. Ipńbpw X≈bpw {ItaW BtcmKyw
{]m]n-°p-hm-\m-Wn-Xv. Ipń-bpsS s]‰-Ωbpw
t]m‰-Ω-bpw 3 ape-∏m-en\v DØ-a-KpWßfp≠mI-Ø-°-hÆw Blmcw Ign-°-Ww. {]k-h-Znhkw apX¬ Bdp Znhkw Ignbp-∂-Xp-hsc
s]‰-Ω-bpsS ape-∏m¬ ]m¬ Ipń°p sImSp-°Ww. ]n∂oSv [m{XnbpsS ape-∏m¬ sImSp-°mhp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ [m{Xn°p `£n-∏m\pw
IpSn-°m\pw \√ ]Zm¿Yßƒ \¬Ip-hm≥ IpńbpsS A—-\-Ω-am¿ {]tXyIw {i≤n-°-Ww,
[m{Xnsb t]m‰p- h m≥ Ign- b mØ \n¿[- \ ¿
_p≤n, ]cm-{I-aw, BtcmKyw F∂o KpWß
fp≠m-°p∂ acp-∂p-Iƒ, tN¿Ø Ijm-b-Øn¬
Bń≥]m- t em, ]ip- h n≥]mtem tN¿Øv
Ipń°psImSp-°W
- w, {]khw Ign-™m¬ iniphn-s\bpw AΩtbbpw th≠p-thmfw ip≤-hmbp-hp≈ as‰mcp ÿe-tØ°p am‰n-°n-SØ
- W
- w.
AhnsS IÆn\v IuXp-I-ta-Ip-∂-Xpw, ]cn-afw
]c-Øp-∂-Xp-amb ]Zm¿Y-ßƒ hbv°p-I. {]khn® kv{Xo ]cn-ip-≤-amb hmbp-hp≈ {]tZ-iØp-am-{Xta k©-cn-°m-hq. [m{Xo-kvX\yw, ]iphn≥]m¬, Bń≥]m¬ F∂n- h - s bm∂pw
In´mØ {]tZ- i - ß - f n¬ DNnXw t]mse
{]h¿Øn-°-Ww. inip-hns‚ icocw P\-\nbpsS ico-cmwißfn¬ \n∂m-Wp-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv.
AXn-\m¬ {]k-hn-{Xn-bpsS icocw _e-lo-\3 [m{Xn ae-bm-f-°-c-bn¬ Cu k{º-Zmbw {]Nmc-an-√.
22
c≠mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
W¿Yw. arX-ic
- ocw Zln®p `kvaa
- m-bm¬ ]ns∂
AXn\v `qXw F∂p-t]¿. ""C∂ t]tcm-Sp-Iq-Snb
Hcp-h≥ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah≥ Ign-™p-t]mbn''
F∂v Xmev ] - c yw. Hcp- I m- e Øv P\n- ® - h cpw
C°meØv Pohn-®n-cn-°m-Ø-h-cp-amb P\-ßƒ
`qX-Im-e-Øn-ep-≈-h-cm-I-bm¬ `qX-ßƒ F∂p
]d- b p- ∂ p- s h- t ∂- b p- f - f q. {_“¿jn XpSßn
CtX- h - s c- b p≈ kIe hnZzm- ∑ m- c p- s Sbpw
kn≤m¥w C{]-Im-c-am-Wv. F∂m¬ kwib
ioe- a p- ≈ - h cpw Ip’n- X - c mb Bfp- I - t fmSv
kwk¿Kw sNøp-∂-h-cpw, Zpjn® kwkvIm-c-ap≈-h-cp-amb P\ßƒ `bhpw kwi-b-hp-ap-≠m°p∂ `qXßƒ, t{]Xßƒ, adp-Xm, ]nimNv
apX- e m- b - h - b p- s ≠∂ A‘- h n- i zm- k - Ø m¬
ZpxJn-X-cm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. t\m°pI! Hcp Pohn acn°p-tºmƒ AXns‚ Poh≥ kzbw-Ir-X-amb
]m]-]pWyßƒ°[o-\-ambn Cuizcs‚ \n›b-a\
- p-kc
- n®v kpJ-ZpxJßf\p-`h
- n-°m≥ as‰mcp
P∑w kzoI-cn-°p-∂p. \mi-c-ln-X-\mb k¿thiz-cs‚ B \n›-b-sØ-˛-]m-]-]p-Wy-hy-h-ÿsb˛ C√m- X m- ° p- h m≥ B¿s°- ¶ nepw Ignbptam? Adn-hn-√mØ P\ßƒ sshZy-im-kv{Xw,
{]IrXn hn⁄m-\obw F∂nh ]Tn-°p-I-tbm,
tIƒ°p-Itbm sNøm-sXbpw kzbw BtemNn®p t\m°m-sXbpw k∂n-]m-X-Pzcw XpS-ßnb
imco-cnI tcmKßƒ°pw NnØ-{àw apX-emb
am\-kn-I-tcmKßƒ°pw `qX-_m[, t{]X-_m[
Fs∂√mw t]cp- s Im- S p- ° p- ∂ p. Ah¿ B
tcmKßƒ°pff Huj[ßƒ tkhn°p-I-tbm,
]Yym- Z n- I - f m- N - c n- ° p- I tbm sNømsX I≈∑mcpw, AXy-¥-aq-V-∑m-cpw, Zpcm-Nm-c-\n-c-X-∑mcpw, kzm¿Y-am-{X-]cm-b-W-∑m-cpw, I©m-hp-IpSn-b∑
- m-cp-amb tæ—-∑m-sc-t∏mepw hniz-kn®v ]e
{]Im-c-Øn-ep-ap-ff h©-\-Ifpw hymPßfpw
Im]Syßfpw Imń, F®n¬ Xn∂p-I, Nc-Sp-P]n®p sI´pI, a{¥ßƒ P]n-°p-I, XIn-Sp-Iƒ
_‘n-°pI apX-emb anYym-Nmcßƒ sNbvXv
[\w apgp-h\pw If-™p-Ip-fn-®v, kzk-¥m\ß
fpsS tcmKßtfbpw Zpc-h-ÿ-tbbpw h¿≤n∏n®v ZpxJ-ap-fh
- m-°n-s°m≠v \S-°p-∂p. A⁄m\m-‘-∑m-cmb [\n-I¿ ]m]n-Ifpw kzm¿Yn-I-fpamb B Zp¿_p-≤n-IfpsS ASp-°¬ sN∂v,
""kzman≥, Cu Ip™pßƒ°v F¥p kw`-hn®p
F∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂n-√. F¥m-W-h¿°p h∂p
]nW-™Xv?'' F∂p tNmZn-®m¬ Ah¿ C{]Imcw adp-]Sn ]dbpw:˛ ""Chs‚ tZl-Øn¬
bn-√. F√mbnSØpw BZ-chp t\Spw. kzk-¥m\-ßsf PntX-{µn-b-∑m-cpw, hnZym-`ym-k-Øn¬
{i≤-bp-≈-hcpw k÷-\-kw-k¿K-Øn¬ Bk‡n-bp-≈-h-cp-am-°phm≥ F√mhcpw ]cn-{i-an°-Ww. hy¿Y-amb {IoU, Ic-®n¬, Nncn, hg°p-Iq-´¬, kt¥m-jw, hyk-\w, I≠-sX√mw
In´p-hm≥ sImXn, Akqb shdp-∏v, apX-em-bsXm∂pw Ipń-Iƒ ioen-°-cp-Xv. Kply-{]-tZisØ kv ] ¿i- \ hpw a¿±- \ hpw ip¢- £ - b Øn\pw Zp¿K-‘-Øn\pw \]pw-k-I-Xz-Øn\pw
Imc-W-am-Ipw. AXn-\m¬ Ipń-Iƒ D]-tÿ-{µnbsØ kv]¿in®p ioen-°-cp-Xv.
F√m-bvt]mgpw kXyw ]d-bp-I, iucyw,
ss[cyw, apJ-{]-k-∂X apX-emb KpW-ßƒ
Ipń- I ƒ°p- ≠ m- I - Ø - ° - h n- [ - Ø n¬ Ahsc
hf¿Ø-Ww. A©m-asØ hb-kn¬ BÏpń-I-tfbpw s]Ïp-ń-I-sfbpw Hcp-t]mse \mKcm-£-chpw A\y-cm-Py-ß-fnse `mj-I-fpsS
en]nbpw A`y- k n- ∏ n- t °- ≠ - X m- W v . ]n∂oSv
t{ijvT-amb hnZym-`ym-ksØ \¬Ip-∂-h-bpw,
hnZy [¿aw, Cuiz-c≥ F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn®v {]Xn]m-Zn-°p-∂h
- bpw A—≥, AΩ, BNm-cy≥, AXnYn, hnZzm-∑m¿, `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ, P\ßƒ, Xdhm-ń-ep-≈-h¿, Nm¿®-°m¿, ktlm-Z-co-k-tlmZ-c-∑m¿, `rXy-∑m¿ ap-X-em-b-h-tcmSv s]cp-amtd≠ coXnsb D]-tZ-in-°p-∂-h-bp-amb a{¥ß
ƒ, t«mIßƒ, kq{Xßƒ, KZy-`mKßƒ, ]Zy`mKßƒ F∂n-h-sb√mw A¿Y-tØm-Sp-IqSn
lrZn-ÿ-am-°n-°Ww. Aßs\bm bm¬ IpńIƒ If-f-∑m-cpsS NXn-{]-tbmKß fn¬ s]´pt]m- h n- √ .
hnZy- b v°pw,
[¿aØn\pw
hncp≤ßfmb taml- P meßfnte°p \bn°p∂ euInI hyh-lm-c-ß-sf-∏‰n th≠p∂
D]-tZißƒ sImSp-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬ `qX-t{]-XmZn- I - f mb anYym- h - k v X p- ° - f n¬ Ah¿°p
hnizmkw D≠m-hm-Xn-cn-°pw.
Kptcmx t{]Xky injykvXp ]nXr-ta[w kamN-c≥. t{]X-lmsscx kaw X{X Zi-cm-t{XW
ip≤yXn(a-\pkvarXn˛5.65)
acn-®p-t]mb Kpcp-hns‚ kwkvIm-c-I¿aw \SØp∂ injy≥ ihw FSp-Øp-sIm≠p t]mbh-scm-cp-an®v ]Øp-Zn-hkw sIm≠v ]cn--ip-≤nsb
{]m]n-°p∂p F∂mWv apI-fn¬ sImSpØ a\pkvarXn hN-\-Øns‚ A¿Yw. t{]Xw F∂ ]ZØn\v arX- i - c ocw As√- ¶ n¬ ihw F∂m23
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
As√-¶n¬ B Adn-hn-√m-Ø-h¿ {Kl-{KkvX\pw {Kl-cq-]nbpw Bb Hcp tPymXn-jm`m- k - ⁄ s‚ ASp- ° ¬ sN∂v, ""Ch\v
F¥mWv? H∂p t\m°n-bms´'' F∂p ]d-bp∂p. At∏mƒ Abmƒ ]d- b pw, ""kqcymZn
{Klßsf√mw tZmj-ÿm-\-Øm-Wv, Ah-bpsS
tIm]-im¥n hcp-Øp-hm≥ th≠p∂ P]w, ]qP,
Zm\w F∂o Hgn- h p- I - s f√mw sNøn- ° - W w.
As√-¶n¬ Ch≥ hfsc IjvS-∏mSpIƒ A\p`-hn-°pw. {]mW-lm\n t]mepw hcmw.''
DØ-cw˛ KWIm! `qan-tb-t∏mse Xs∂
AtN- X \ßfmWv kqcymZn temIßfpw.
NqSpw shfn-®hpw Xcp-hm-\-√msX as‰m∂pw
sNøp-hm≥ Ahbv°v Ign-hn-√. tIm]n-®m¬
ZpxJ- t Øbpw {]km- Z n- ® m¬ kpJ- t Øbpw
D≠m-°p-hm≥ Ah tNX\ßtfm?
tNmZyw˛ cmPm-°-∑mcpw {]P-Ifpw AS-ßnb
Cu temI-Øn¬ Nne¿ kpJ-ap-≈-h-cmbpw a‰p
Nne¿ ZpxJ-a-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xmbpw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p.
AsX√mw {Kl-ÿn-Xn-bpsS ê-at√?
DØ- c w˛ AsX√mw ]pWy- ] m]ßfpsS
ê-amWv
tNmZyw˛ tPymXnximkv{Xw tIhew IfhmtWm?
DØ-cw˛ A√. B imkv{X-Øn-e-S-ßnb
A¶-K-Wn-Xw, tcJm-K-WnXw, _oP-K-WnXw
apX-emb KWn-X`
- mKßsf√mw icn-bm-bn-´p-≈Xm-Wv. ê-`mKw apgp-h\pw ip≤ta hymP-amWv.
tNmZyw˛ PmXIw Xosc \njv^-e-amtWm?
DØ- c w˛ AtX; AXn\v PmX- I - s a- ∂ √
timIZw F∂mWv ]d-tb-≠-Xv. k¥m\w D≠m-Ip-tºmƒ kI-e¿°pw B\µw D≠mIm-dp-≠v.
F∂m¬ B B\µw k¥m-\-Øns‚ PmXIw
FgpXn {Kl-êw ]d-™p-tIƒ°p-∂-Xp-hsc
am{Xta \ne-\n¬°p-∂p-≈q. PmXIw Fgp-Xnt°-≠X
- m-sW∂p tPym’y≥ ]d--bp-tºmƒ IpńbpsS A—-\-Ω-am¿ tPym’y-t\mSv "'hfsc
hnti-j-s∏´ PmX-I-am-bn-cn-°Ww'' F∂p ]dbp-∂p. ]d-t™-ev]n-®Xp [\n-I-\m-sW-¶n¬
NpI∏pw
a™bpw
hc- I ƒsIm≠pw
Nn{XßƒsIm≠pw tamSn]nSn-∏n-®pw, Zcn-{Z-\msW- ¶ n¬ km[m- c - W - k - { º- Z m- b - Ø nepw Hcp
PmXIw FgpXn D≠m- ° n- s °m≠p hcpw.
Hcp henb `qXw. t{]Xw, ss`c-h≥, hkq-cname apX-emb aq¿Øn-I-sf√mw _m[n-®n-´p-≠v.
Ah¿°p th≠p∂ Hgn-hp-Iƒ sNøp-∂Xphsc
Ah hns´m-gn-bp-I-bn-√. Hcp kabw Chs‚
{]mWs\ IqSn sIm≠p-t]m-tb-°pw. Rßƒ°v
th≠p-thmfw ]e-lmcßfpw h√ Z£n-Wbpw
IqSn Xcp-∂-Xm-bm¬ Rßƒ Ahsb a{¥
ßƒ P]n®pw tlmaw sNbvXpw HmSn-®p-If
- b
- mw.''
C{]-Imcw ]d-bp-tºmƒ B A⁄m-\m-‘-∑m¿
]dbpw:˛ ""kzman≥, RßfpsS k¿h-kzhpw
\in-®mepw Chs‚ `qX-_m-[-b-I‰n Chs\
kpJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-Ø-cnI am{Xw sNbvXm¬ aXn.''
Ah¿ Cßs\ ]d-bp-∂-tXm-Sp-IqSn B ZpjvS∑m-cpsS B{Klw kn≤n-°p-∂p. Ah¿ XpScpw:˛
""icn C{X Hcp-°p-Iƒ thWw. C{X ]Ww
Z£nW Xc-Ww. tZh-Xbv°p _en sImSp-°Ww. {Kl-im-¥n°p th≠p∂ Zm\hpw sNøWw.'' arZw-Kw, Ce-Øm-fw, sN≠, tNße, apXemb hmZyßsfSpØv Ah¿ Ahs‚ apºn¬
sN∂v \n∂v sImń-∏m-Sp-∂p. XpS¿∂v Ah-cnsemcp I]-S-am-{¥n-I≥ Ien-sIm≠v Xpf-fn-®mSn, ""Rm≥ Chs‚ {]mW-s\-Øs∂ sIm≠pt]mIpw'' F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. At∏mƒ B aqV∑m¿ B \oN-am-{¥n-I-cpsS Im¬°¬hoWv
""Ahn-Sp∂v CjvS -ap-≈ -s X√mw FSp-Ø m- s´.
Chs‚ Pohs\ am{Xw hn´-b-°tW'' F∂v
At]- £ n- ° p- ∂ p. AXp- t Iƒ°p- t ºmƒ B
ZpjvS≥ ]d-bp-∂p. "'Rm≥ l\p-am-\m-Wv. sIm
≠phm eÕp, Pnte-_n, FÆ, knµq-cw, Ht∂Im¬ a∂p L\-ap-ff Hcp H‰-N-∏m-Øn, Nph∂
et¶m- ´ n- s Im- ≠ phm'' AX- s √- ¶ n¬ ""Rm≥
ss`c-h-\m-Wv. Rm≥ `{Z-Im-fn-bmWv A©p-Ip∏n
I≈v, Ccp-]Xp tImgn, A©v tImem-Sv, Ipsd
]e-lm-cw, Hcp ap≠v, CsX√mw sIm≠p-hm.''
F∂v ]d- b p- ∂ p. "'th≠- s X√mw FSp- Ø psImƒI'' F∂p ]d™v aµ-_p-≤n-Iƒ sImSp°p-tºmƒ B {`m¥s‚ Xp≈epw Nm´hpw A[nI-am-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬ _p≤n-bp-≈-h¿ h√-hcpw
sN∂v, Ah¿°v Xncp-ap¬°m-gvN-bmbn sNcn∏p- s Im- t ≠m, ssIsIm- t ≠m, hSn- s Imt≠m
A©v {]l-c-tam, \√ sXmgntbm sImSp-°p∂
]£w Ah-cpsS l\p-am-\pw, `{Z-Im-fn-bpw, ss`ch\pw F√mw hfsc thK-Øn¬ {]km-Zn®v a≠n°-f-bpw. a‰p-≈-h-cpsS ]Ww Xń-°p-hm-\mbn
{]tbm-Kn-°p∂ I]-S-\m-SIßfmWn-sX-√mw.
24
c≠mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
ct≠m Ccń ]Ww aS°n hmtß-≠-Xm-Wv.
Ipń Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-bmepw Aßs\ aS°n
taSn-°pI Xs∂-bmWp th≠-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬,
"'AXv Ahs‚ I¿a-^-e-am-Wv. Cuiz-cs‚ \nbasØ ewLn-°p-hm≥ B¿°pw i‡n-bn√''
F∂v tPym’y≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse ""Ahs‚
I¿a-^-ehpw Cuiz-cs‚ \nb-a-hp-amWv Ahs\
c£n-®X
- v, \nßfpsS {]hr-Øn-b√'' F∂v AbmtfmSpw ]d- b m- h p- ∂ - X m- W v . Zm\ßfpw a‰p
I¿aßfpw A\p-jvTn-∏n®v {]Xn-êw hmßnbn-´p≈ Kpcp apX-em-b-h-tcmSpw tPym’y-t\mSv
]d-™-Xp-t]mse Xs∂, ]d-tb-≠-Xm-Wv.
hkq-cn-ame apX-emb tZh-X-Ifpw a{¥w,
X{¥w, b{¥w F∂n-hbpw F√mw, CXp-t]mse
Xs∂ ip≤hymP-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠p \S-°p∂-h¿ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv apgp-h\pw I]-S-am-Wv.
Ah-cn¬ Nne¿ Cßs\ ]d-bp-∂p, ""Rßƒ
NcSp P]n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-Itbm b{¥w Fgp-Xns°m-Sp-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂-Xm-bm¬ AXv sI´p∂- h ¿°v AXns‚ amlmflyw sIm≠v
bmsXmcp _mt[m-]-{Z-hhpw ]oUbpw D≠m-Ip∂-X-√.'' Ah¿°v sImSp-t°≠ adp-]Sn CXmWv. ""ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw Cuiz-cs‚ \nb-aØn¬ an∂pw I¿a-ê-Øn¬ \n∂pw a\p-jysc
c£n- ° p- h m- \ p- ≈ i‡n \nßƒ°pt≠m?
\nßfpsS a{¥-i‡n apgp-h\pw {]tbm-Kn-®n´pw
F{X Ipń-I-fmWv acn-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xv. \nßfpsS
hoń- e p- ≈ - h ¿ Xs∂ acn- ® p- t ]m- I p- ∂ nt√?
\nßƒ°p Xs∂ ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂v kzbw
c£n-°p-hm≥Ign-bptam?'' Cßs\ tNmZn-°p-∂Xm-bm¬ Ah¿°v kam-[m-\-sam∂pw ]d-bphm≥km-[n-°p-I-bn-√. "'kq{X-sam∂pw ChnsS
ên-°n√'' F∂-h¿ a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
AXn-\m¬ CØcw If-f-Øcßsfsb√mw
XyPn-®v, [m¿an-Icpw kIe tZißƒ°pw D]Imcw sNøp- ∂ - h cpw bmsXmcp hymPhpw
IqSmsX F√m-h-scbpw hnZy-I-f-`y-kn-∏n-°p-∂hcpw DØ-acpw hnZzm-∑m-cp-am-b-h¿ temI-Øn\v
GXp-hn-[-Øn¬ D]-Imcw sNøp-∂pthm AXpt]mse Xs∂ Ah¿°pw {]Xyp-]-Imcw sNøpI. Cu I¿Ø-hysØ Hcn-°epw ssIhn´p Ifb- cp- X v . CXp- t ]m- se- Xs∂ At\- I - h n- [ - Ø nep≈ ckm- b - \ - { ]- t bmKßtfbpw amc- W w,
taml-\w, D®m-S-\w, hio-I-cWw apX-emb \oNI¿aßtfbpw D]-tZ-in®p \S-°p-∂-hcpw alm
At∏mƒ Ipń- b psS amXm- ] n- X m- ° - ∑ m¿
tPym’ys‚ apºn¬ Ccp∂p tNmZn-°p-∂p.
""Chs‚ PmXIw \√- X p- X - s ∂- b t√?''
tPym’y≥ ]d- b p- ∂ p. ""D≈Xp apgp- h \pw
]d™p tIƒ∏n-t®-°mw. Ip™ns‚ P∑-{Klhpw an{X-{K-lhpw iq`ßfmIp-∂p. AXns‚
ê-ambn Ipń henb [\n-I\pw Io¿Øn-am\pw
Bbn-Øo-cpw. GXp k`bn¬ sN∂mepw Chs‚
tXP v a‰p- ≈ - h - c p- t S- X n- t \- ° mƒ anI®p
\n¬°pw. \√ Btcm-Ky-ap-≈h
- \pw cmPm-°∑
- m¿
IqSn _lp-am-\n-°p-∂-h\pw Bbn-Øo-cpw.'' Cu
hm°p-Iƒ tI´v Ipń-bpsS A—-\Ω
- a
- m¿ ]d-bpw.
""sIm≈mw Aßv \√ tPym’y-cm-Wv.'' F∂m¬
CXp-sIm-s≠m∂pw Xs‚ Imcyw km[n-°p-I-bns√∂v tPym’y- \ - d n- b mw. AXp- s Im≠v
tPym’y≥ ]nt∂bpw ]d-bp-∂p˛ "" Cu ]d™
{Klßsf√mw hfsc A\p-Iqeßƒ Xs∂.
F∂m¬ Cu ip`-{Klßƒ thsd Nne {Iqc{KlßtfmSv IqSn-t®¿∂m-Wn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXp\n-anØw Cu Ipń°v F´m-asØ hb- n¬
arXyp- t bmKw ImWp- ∂ p.'' CXp tIƒ°ptºmtg°pw A—-\-Ω-am¿ ]p{X-\p-≠mb B\µ-sa√mw XyPn®v ZpxJn-X-cmbn tPym’y-t\mSv
]d- b p- ∂ p˛ "" tPym’y- t c, Rßƒ F¥p
sNøWw?'' tPym’y¿ DSt\ ]d-bpw˛ ""AXn\p
]cn-lmcw sNø-Ww.'' ]cn-lm-c-am¿Kw F¥msW∂v Krl-ÿ≥ tNmZn-°p-tºmƒ tPym’y≥
ho≠pw ]d-bpw˛ ""Zm\ßƒ sImSp-°-Ww. {Klim-¥n-°p≈ a{¥ßƒ P]n-°-Ww. Znh-kwtXmdpw {_m“- W sc Im¬I- g p- I n- ® q- ´ - W w.
F¶n¬ {Kl-∏ng Xocp-sa-∂m-W-\p-am-\n-t°-≠Xv.'' tPym’y≥ ChnsS A\p-am-\-sa∂p ]d™Xv hfsc ap≥I-cp-X-tem-sS- IqSn-bmWv. Hcp]t£ Ipń acn-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xm-bm¬ Abmƒ
]dbpw: ""Rßƒ F¥p-sNøpw? Cuiz-c-\p-]cn
Bcp-an-√. Rßƒ hfsc {]b-Xv\n-®p. \nßfpw
]eXpw sNøn-®p. ]t£ Ahs‚ I¿aêw
Aßs\bm-Wv.'' Ipń Pohn-s®-¶n¬ At∏mgpw
Abmƒ°p ]d-bmw, "" t\m°pI! RßfpsS
a{¥ßfpsS-bpw, Rßƒ D]m-kn-°p∂ tZhX-am-cp-sSbpw {_m“-W-cp-sSbpw i‡n F{X
hep- X mWv ! \nßfpsS Ipńsb c£n- ® p- X ∂nt√!'' hmkvX-h-Øn¬ P]w sIm≠v ê-sam∂p- a p- ≠ m- b n- s √- ¶ n¬ B [q¿X- ∑ m- c psS
ssIøn¬ \n∂v Ah¿°v sImSp-Ø-Xn¬ Ht∂m
25
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
n¬, {_m“-Wc
- m-sW-¶n¬ BÏp-ń-Isf D]\-bn®v Kpcp-Ip-eØ
- n-te-°v˛- A
- X
- m-bX
- v˛- ]
- q¿W-]mWvUnXyw kºm-Zn® hnZzm-∑mcpw hnZp-jn-Ifpw
hnZymZm\w sNbv X v s Im- ≠ n- c n- ° p∂ ÿetØ°v Ab-°-Ww. s]Ïp-ń-I-tfbpw CXpt]mse Kpcp-Ip-e-Øn-te°v Ab-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
]Tn- ∏ n- ° p- t ºmƒ Hcn- ° epw emfn- ° msX
imkn-°p-Iam{Xw sNøp-∂h
- c
- psS k¥m\ßƒ
am{Xta kpin-£n-X∑
- mcpw hnZzm-∑mcpw kwkvIrX-lr-Z-bcpw Bhp-I-bp-≈q. CXn\v {]amWw
hymI-c-W-`m-jy-Øn-ep-≠v:˛kmarssXx ]mWn`ncv L v \ ¥n Kpcthm \ hntjm£nssXx.
eme-\m-{i-bntWm tZmjm-kvXm-U-\m-{i-bn
tWm KpWmx 4
A¿Yw:˛ k¥m\ßtfbpw injy-∑m-scbpw
XmUn-°p∂ amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑mcpw A[ym-]-Icpw
kzk-¥m\ßtfbpw injy-∑m-scbpw kz¥w
ssII- f m¬ AarXw IpSn- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ p. kzk¥m\ßtfbpw injy-∑m-scbpw emfn-°p∂
A—-\-Ω-amcpw Kpcp-\m-Y-∑mcpw Ahsc Xßfp
sS ssI sIm≠v hnjw IpSn-∏n®p \in-∏n-°p∂p. emf\w sIm≠v k¥m\ßfpw injy-∑mcpw
Zpjn-®p-t]m-hp-Ibpw XmU-\w-sIm≠v \√-h-cmIp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. k¥m\ßfpw injy-∑mcpw
XßfpsS A—- \ - Ω - a mcpw A≤ym- ] - I cpw
Xßsf in£n®p hf¿Øn-bm¬ AXp-sIm≠v
F√m-bvt]mgpw kt¥m-jn-°p-Ibpw Hma-\n®v
hf¿Øp-∂X
- m- b
- m¬ AXp-sIm≠v ZpxJn-°p-Ibpw
sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ AΩbpw A—\pw
A[ym-]-I\pw Akq-b-sImt≠m tZzjw-sIm
t≠m Ipń-Isf ASn-°-cp-Xv. Ahsc `b-s∏-SpØp-∂X
- mbn ]pdta \Sn-°p-Ibpw D≈n¬ hm’ey-tØm-Sp-IqSn {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠X
- mWv. a‰p ]eXpw ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ Iq´-Øn¬ tamjWw, hy`n-Nm-cw, aSn, sX‰p-Iƒ, el-cn-tk-h,
A¿Y-an-√mØ kwkm-cw, lnwk, {IqcX, Akqb, shdp∏v apX-emb Zpxkz-`mhßsf hn´p-I-fbp-hm\pw kXysØ ssIs°m-≈p-hm\pw ]Tn∏n-°-Ww. Hcp-h≥ as‰m-cp-hs‚ apºn¬ sh®v
Hscm‰ {]mh-iy-sa-¶nepw tamjvSn-°p-Itbm
hy`n- N - c n- ° p- I tbm AkXyw ]d- b p- I tbm
sNbvXp-t]m-bm¬ ]ns∂ ac-W-]-cy¥w Ah≥
_lp-am-\-]m-{X-am-hp-I-bn-√. {]Xn-⁄m-ew-L-
aqV-∑m-cm-sW∂p a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. C∏d-™Xpw CXp-t]m-se-bp-≈X
- p-amb kIe ambm{]-tbmKßfpsSbpw kXysØ Ipń-°m-eØp
Xs∂ a\- n¬ ]Xn™p InS-°-Ø-°-hÆw
a°ƒ°v a\- n- e m°n sImSp- t °- ≠ - X m- W v ,
F∂m¬ Ah¿ B amXn-cn-bp≈ bmsXmcp
taml-Pmeßfnepw AI-s∏´v ZpxJsØ {]m]n°m≥ CS-h-cp-∂-X-√. hocysØ c£n-°p-∂Xnep≈ B\-µ-em-`-sØbpw, \in-∏n®p If-bp∂Xp sIm≠p≈ ZpxJ-sØbpw Ipń-Iƒ°v a\ n-em-°n-s°m-Sp-°-Ww. ""GsXm-cp-hs‚ ico-cØn¬ hocyw kpc- £ n- X - a m- b n- c n- ° p- ∂ pthm
Ah\v Btcm-Kyw, _p≤n, _ew, ]cm-{Iaw
F∂n-h-sb√mw h¿≤n-®p-h-cn-Ibpw AXp-\nanØw Ah≥ Af-h‰ kpJw A\p-`h
- n-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p. kv{Xo hnj-b-sØ-∏‰n kwkm-cn-°pI, hnj-b-tem-ep-]-∑m-cmb P\ßtfmSv klh-kn-°p-I, hnj-bkpJm-\p-`hßsf∏‰n Nn¥n°p-I, kv{XoI-sfm-cp-an®v GIm¥ hmkw sNøpI, Ah-tcmSv kw`m-jWw sNøp-I, Ahsc
kv]¿in-°pI F∂n-h-sb√mw h¿Pn®v AI-∂ncp∂p sIm≠mWv {_“-Nm-cn-Iƒ DØ-a-hn-Zym`ym-khpw ]q¿W-amb sshZp-jyhpw t\tS-≠Xv. GsXm-cp-hs‚ ico-c-Øn¬ hocyw C√tbm
Ah≥ \]pw-k-Ihpw ]pcp-j-e-£-W-an-√m-Øh\pw hfsc hncq- ] - \ p- a m- b n- Ø o- c pw. AXpt]mse Xs∂ {]ta-l-tcmKw _m[n-°p-∂-h≥
tZl-_-ew, ico-c-Im-¥n, _p≤n, i‡n, D’m
lw, ss[cyw, ]cm-{Iaw F∂o KpW ßsfm∂pan-√m-Ø-h-\m-bn-Øo¿∂v \in-°p-∂p. t{ijvTamb in£-Ww, hnZym-k-ºm-Z-\w, hocy-k-ºmZ\w F∂n-h-bv°p≈ Cu ImesØ hy¿Y-am°n-bm¬ Cu P∑-Øn¬ C\n-sbm-cn-°¬ Cubh-kcw IWn-Imäm≥ t]mepw In´p-∂-X-√.
Rßƒ Pohn- ® n- c n- ° p∂ ImeØp Xs∂
\nßƒ hnZym-`ymkw sNbvXv sshZpjyw kºmZn- ° p- I - b pw, ico- c - _ ew h¿≤n- ∏ n- ° p- I bpw
sNbvXp-sIm-≈-Ww.'' F∂v Ipń-Isf DXv-t_m[n-∏n-°-Ww. CXp-t]m-se-bp≈ a‰p ]e D]tZißfpw amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ a°ƒ°v sImSp-t°≠-Xm-Wv. CsX√mw kqNn-∏n-°m-\mWv ap≥]d™ {]am-W-Øn¬ ""amXr-am≥ ]nXr-am≥''
F∂o ]Zßƒ {]tbm- K n- ® n- ´ p- ≈ - X v . A©p
hb p XnI-bp-∂Xp hsc AΩbpw, AXns‚
tijw F´p-h-bkv Ign-bp-∂-Xp-hsc A—-\pw,
Ipń- I sf ]Tn- ∏ n- ° - W w. Hº- X m- a sØ hb-
4 alm-`mjyw 8.1.8
26
c≠mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
""[¿am-\p-krXß fmb I¿aßsf√mw kzoIcn- ® p- s Im- ≈ p- I .
GtXXp
I¿aßƒ
\nµyßfmtWm Ah-sb√mw XyPn-°p-I. kXyam-sW∂p tXm∂p-∂-Xns\ ]d-bp-Ibpw {]Ncn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I. I≈-k-\ym-knbpw ZpcmNm-cn-bp-amb Hcp-h-t\bpw hniz-kn-°-cp-Xv. A—\-Ω-amcpw Kpcphpw B⁄m-]n-°p∂ kXvI¿aß-f-\p-jvTn-°-Ww. Ipń-Isf amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ
ImWmsX ]Tn-∏n-®n-´p≈ [¿aw, hnZy, kZm-Nmcw, F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ t«mIßƒ, \nL≠p, \ncp- ‡ w, hymI- c - W - k q{Xßƒ, a‰p
kq{Xßƒ, thZ-a{¥ßƒ apX-em-b-h-bpsS
A¿Yw Kpcp Ahsc ]Tn-∏n-°-Ww. {]Y-tam-√mk-Øn¬ Cuiz-cs\ GXp hn[-Øn¬ h¿Wn®pthm AtX hn[- Øn¬ D≈n¬ hn`m- h \
sNbvXv D]m-kn-°-Ww. Btcm-Kyw, hnZy, _ew
F∂nh ssIh-cp-hm≥ tbmPn® hn[w `£-Ww,
hkv{X-[m-cWw apX-em-bh ioen-°p-Ibpw ioen∏n-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww. hni-∏-S-ßp-hm≥ Bhiy-ap-≈-Xn¬ Aev]w Ipdt® `£n-°m-hq. aZyamw-km-Zn-Iƒ h¿Pn-°-Ww. Bg-sa-{X-bp-s≠∂v
Adn-bm-sX sh≈-Øn¬ CdßcpXv. Fs¥∂m¬ Pe- P - ¥ p- ° - f n¬ \nt∂m thsd h√
hkvXp-°-fn¬ \nt∂m D]-{Zhw D≠m-tb-°mw.
\o¥p hi-an-s√-¶n¬ apßn-t∏m-Imw. ""\mhn⁄mtX Pem-i-tb'' 6 F∂ a\p-h-N-\-a-\p-kcn®v Bg-a-dn-bmØ Pem-i-b-Øn¬ Cdßn Ipfn°-cp-Xv. 7 ZrjvSn-]qXw \ytk-Xv]m-Zw, hkv{X]qXw Pew ]nt_Xv. kXy-]qXmw htZ-Zzm-Nw,
a\x-]qX kam-N-tc-Xv.
Xmsg t\m°n \S-°-Ww. hkv{Xw sIm≠v
Acn® sh≈ta IpSn-°m-hq. kXyw-sIm≠v ]cnip-≤-am-°nb hmt° ]d-bm-hq. a\-kp-sIm≠v
Btem-Nnt® {]h¿Øn-°m-hq.
amXm-i{Xpx ]nXm sshco tb\ _mtem
\ ]mTnXx, \ tim`tX k`m-at≤y lwkat≤y _tIm -b-Ym 8. Fs∂mcp Ihn ]d-bp∂p. a°sf th≠-hÆw hnZym-`ymkw sNøn°mØ amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿ Ah-cpsS ]ca i{Xp°-fm-Ip-∂p. Ah-cpsS aqV-k-¥-Xn-Iƒ hnZzm∑m-cpsS k`-bn¬ sN∂m¬, Ac-b∂ßfpsS
I\p t\cn-Sp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ tZmjw as‰mcp-h\v D≠m-Im-dn-√. AXn-\m¬ {]Xn-⁄-sNbvXm¬ AX-\p-k-cn®v {]h¿Øn-°-Ww. Rm≥
C∂ ka-bØv \nß-fpsS ASp-°-te°v hcmw,
Ft∂m ""Rm≥ C∂ ka-bØv C∂ km[\w
Xcmw'' Ft∂m {]Xn⁄ sNbvXn´v Aßs\
sNøm-Xn-cp-∂m¬ Ahs\ ]n∂oSv Bcpw hnizkn-°p-I-bn-√. AXn-\m¬ Ghcpw Ft∏mgpw
kXyw ]d- b p- ∂ - h cpw {]Xn- ⁄ m- ] m- e - I cpw
Bbn- c n- ° - W w. Zpc- ` n- a m\w D≠m- I p- ∂ Xv
B¿°pw \√-X-√. If-hv, Im]-Syw, IrX-Lv\X
F∂n-h-sIm≠v Ah-\-h\p Xs∂ am\-knI
ZpxJ-ap-≠m-Ip-∂p. At∏mƒ Ah a‰p-≈-h¿°v
F{X-tbsd ZpxJ-Im-c-W-am-Ip-sa∂v ]d-b-W-sa∂n-√. a\-kn-sem∂p hnNm-cn®pw ]pd-sØm∂p
Imńbpw A\y-∑msc taml-h-e-bn¬ IpSp°n
Ah¿°v t\cn-Sm-hp∂ tZmj-sØ-∏‰n BtemNn-°msX kzm¿Yw km[n-°p-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv
Im]Syw F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. A\y≥ sNbvX D]Im- c sØ hnkv a - c n- ° p- ∂ - X n- s \- b mWv IrXLv\X F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. t{Im[w, ITn-\-`mjWw F∂nh shSn™v arZp-a[
- p-ca
- mbn kwkmcn-°p-hm≥ ioen-°-Ww. shdpsX Pev]n-°-cpXv. th≠Xp apgp-h\pw ]d-b-Ww. th≠m-ØsXm∂pw ]db-cp-Xv. Kpcp-P\ßsf _lp-am-\n°-Ww. Ahsc I≠m¬ Fgp-t∂‰v "\akvtX'
F∂v ]d™v hµn®v tbmKy-amb Ccn-∏nSw
\¬I-Ww. Ah-tc-°mƒ Db¿∂v Ccn-°-cp-Xv.
as‰m-cp-h≥ h∂v Fgp-t\¬°p-hm≥ ]d-bm≥ CSbm- I m- Ø - h Æw Ah- \ - h \v A¿l- a mb
ÿm\Øp am{Xta Ccn-bv°m-hq. BtcmSpw
hntcm[w D≠m°cpXv. hnth- I - ] q¿∆w
tZmjßsf X≈n KpWßsf sIm≈- W w.
k÷-\k
- w-k¿Kw sNø-Ww. Zp¿P-\k
- l
- h
- mkw
XyPn-°W
- w. Ah-ch
- c
- psS amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ, Kpcp°- ∑ m¿ F∂n- h sc icocw, a\ v , [\w
apXembh-bm¬ kt¥m-j-]q¿hw ip{iq-jn-°Ww.
""bm\y-kvamI(Mv)kpN-cn-Xm\n Xm\n -Xztbm-]m-kym\n t\m CX-cmWn'' CXv ssXØncob hN-\ 5-am-Wv. amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cpw, A[ym]- I cpw XßfpsS Ip™pßƒ°pw injy∑m¿°pw F√m-bvt]mgpw kXyw D]-tZ-in-°p∂- t Xm- s Sm∏w CXp- I qSn D]- t Z- i n- ° Ww:˛
6
7
8
9
5 ssXØcob D]\n-jØv in£m-h√n 11
27
a\pkvarXn 4.129
a\pkvarXn 6.46
NmW-Iy-iX
- Iw
NmW-Iy-\oXn 2, 11
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
A[y-b\ A[ym-]\ k{º-Zmbw
a[y-Ønse sIm‰n-sb-t∏m-se, tim`n-°msX
Xnc-kvIr-X-cm-Ip-∂p. ico-cw, a\-kv, [\w F∂nh-bm¬ kzk-¥m\ßsf hnZzm-∑mcpw [¿an-jvTcpw, kwkvIr-X-Nn-Ø-cpw, t{ijvT-in-£Ww e`n®-hcpw B°p-I-sb-∂Xv amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cpsS
I¿Ø- h yhpw ]c- a - [ ¿ahpw tIƒhn- t I´
I¿ahpw BIp-∂p. _me-∑m-cpsS in£-W-{I-asØ-∏‰n Ipd-s®-gp-Xn-b-Xn¬ \n∂v _p≤n-am∑m¿°v hf-sc-b-[-nIw a\-kn-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
C\n {_“-Nc
- yw, Kpcp-in-jy-_‘
- w, A[ym-]\w
F∂n-h-sb-∏‰n ]d-bmw.
{ioa-±-bm-\µ kc-kzXn kzman-I-fm¬
hnc-Nn-X-amb kXym¿Y-{]-Im-i-Øn¬
_me-in-£-W-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈
ZznXo-tbm-√mkw Ign-™p.
c≠mw kap-√m-k-Ønse
kwkvIrX D≤-c-Wn-Iƒ
amXr-am≥ ]nXr-am-\m-Nm-cy-hm≥ ]pcptjm thZ., .............................. OmtµmKy D]\n-jXvv 6.14.2
Kptcmx t{]Xky injykvXp ]nXr-ta[w kam-N-c≥.
t{]X-lmsscx kaw X{X Zi-cm-t{XW ip≤yXn..................................................... a-\pkvarXn 5.65
kmarssXx, ]mWn-`n¿Lv\¥n Kpcthm \ hntjm£n
ssXx eme-\m-{i-bntWm tZmjm-kvX-U-\m-{i-bntWm KpWmx ......................... alm-`mjyw 8.1.8
bm\y-kvamI(Mv)kpN-cn-Xm\n Xm\n Xz-tbm-]m-kym\n t\m CX-cmWn .........................................................ssXØcob D]\n-jØv 1.11
\mhn-⁄mtX Pem-i-tb .................................................................................................. a-\pkvarXn 4.129
ZrjvSn-]qXw \ytk-Xv]m-Zw, hkv{X-]qXw Pew ]nt_Xv.
kXy-]qXmw htZ-Zzm-Nw, a\x-]qX kam-N-tc-X. .......................................................... a-\pkvarXn 6.46
amXm -i{Xpx ]nXm sshco tb\ _mtem \ ]mTnXx,
\ tim`tX k`m-at≤y lwk-at≤y _tIm- b-Ym ............................................. NmW-IriXIw 9
{]ikvXm [m¿anIo amXm hnZytX bky k amXr-am≥
28
aq∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
3
aq∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Imiw
AY A[y-b-\m-[ym-]-\-hn[nw hymJym-kymax
aq∂m-asØ kap-√m-k-Øn¬ A[y-b\w A[ym]\w F∂n-h-sb-∏‰n {]Xn-]m-Zn-°mw. DØ-a-hnZy, t{ijvT-in-£-Ww, KpWw, I¿aw, kz`mhw
F∂n-hb
- m-Ip∂ `qjWßsfs°m≠v Ipń-Isf
Ae- ¶ - c n- ° p- ∂ Xv amXm- ] n- X m- ° - ∑ m- c p- s Sbpw
A[ym-]-I-∑m-cp-sS-bpw, _‘p-P\ßfpsSbpw
I¿Øhyßfn¬ {][m-\a
- m-Wv. kz¿Æw, sh≈n,
amWn-Iyw, apØv, ]hngw apX-emb cXv\ßƒ
sIm≠p-≠m-°nb B`-cWßƒ AWn-bp-∂-XpsIm≠v a\p-jys‚ Bflmhv Hcn-°epw AewIr-X-amhpIbn-√. 1 B B`-c-W-ßf-Wn-™m¬
tZlm-`n-am-\w, hnj-b-kp-Jm-k-‡n, I≈-∑msc
`bw, F∂nh h¿≤n-°p-It- b-bp-≈q. F∂p am{Xa√; Nne-t∏mƒ acWw IqSn kw`-hn-°p-∂-XmWv. B`-cWßfWn™p \S-°p∂ Ipń- I tfbpw a‰pw ZpjvS-∑m¿ sIm√m-dp-≠-t√m.
hnZym-hn-em-k-a-\tkm [rX-io-e-in£mx
kXy-{hXm cln-X-am-\-a-em-]-lmcmx
kwkm-c-Zp-xJ-Z-e-t\\ kp`q-jnXm tb
[\ym \cm hnln-X-Icva ]tcm-]-Imcmx
hnZym-`ym-k-Øn¬ Bk-‡n-bp≈ a\- v,
kpµ-c-amb ioe-hpw, kz`m-hhpw F∂n-h-tbmSp- I q- S n- b - h - c pw, kXyw ]d- b p- I , XpS- ß nb
\nbaßsf ]cn-]m-en-°p-∂-h-cpw, Al-¶m-cw,
A]-hn-{XX apX-emb tZmjßfn√m-Ø-h-cpw,
a‰p-≈-h-cn-ep≈ amen-\ysØ AI-‰n-°-f-bp-∂-
h-cpw, ktXym-]-tZiw sIm≠pw hnZym-Zm\w
sIm≠pw temI- Ø n- e p≈ P\ßfpsS
ZpxJßsf Zqco-Ic
- n-°p-∂h
- c
- pw, thZ-hn-ln-Xa
- mb
I¿aßfm¬ A\y¿°v D]-Imcw sNøp-∂-h-cpamb P\ßfmWv `mKy-hm-∑m-cm-bn-´p-≈-h¿.
AXn-\m¬ F´m-asØ hb-kn¬ Xs∂ BÏpń-I-sfbpw s]Ïp-ń-I-sfbpw Ah-c-h-cpsS
hnZym-e-b-Øn¬ tN¿°-Ww. Zpcm-Nm-cn-I-fmb
]pcp- j - ∑ mcpw Zp¿hr- Ø - I - f mb kv { XoIfpw
A[ym- ] - I - ] Zw hln- ° p- h m≥ tbmKy- c - √ .
]q¿Wssh- Z pjyw kn≤n® [¿am- \ p- j v T m- \ Øn¬ {i≤-bp≈ kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m-cmWv IpńIsf ]Tn-∏n-°p-hm\pw kwkvIm-c-ap-≈-h-cm-°phm\pw tbmKy¿. hoń¬ sh®p-Xs∂ BÏpń-Iƒ°p D]-\-b-\hpw s]Ïp-ń-Iƒ°v hn[nbmw-h-Æ-ap≈ hnZym-cw` kwkvIm-chpw sNbvXtijw Kpcp-Ip-eØ
- n-te-°v˛- h
- n-Zym-eb
- Ø
- n-te-°v˛
Abbv-°-Ww. hnZym-ebw hnP-\-amb {]tZ-iØm-bn-cn-°-Ww. hnZym¿Yn-I-fpsS hnZym-ebw
hnZym¿Yn-\n-I-fpsS hnZym-e-b-Øn¬ \n∂v \mep
\mgnI AI-se-bm-bn-cn-°-Ww. A[ym-]-I¿,
`rXy¿, apX- e mbn B¨]≈n- ° q- S - Ø n¬
BWpßfpw s]¨]-≈n-°q-SØ
- n¬ kv{XoIfpw
Bbn-cn-°-Ww. _me-∑m-cpsS hnZym-e-b-Øn¬
A©p-h-b p XnI™ Hcp s]Ïp-ń-t]mepw
{]th-in-°-cp-Xv. AXp-t]mse Xs∂ _men-Iam-cpsS hnZym-e-b-Øn¬ A©p hb- mb Hcp
BÏp-ń-t]mepw {]th-in-°-cp-Xv. BÏp-ńIƒ {_“-Nm-cn-I-fmbpw s]Ïp-ń-Iƒ {_“-
1 tIbq-cmWn \ `qj-b¥n ]pcpjw
lmcm\ Nt{µm-÷zem (\oXniXIw.15)
29
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
]n∂oSv Kpcp-Kr-l-Øn¬ h®pw D]-\-bn-°-Ww.
A—- \ - Ω - a mtcm BNm- c yt\m Bsc- ¶ nepw
BÏp-ń-Iƒ°pw s]Ïp-ń-Iƒ°pw Kmb-{Xoa{¥w A¿Y-tØm-Sp-IqSn D]-tZ-in-®p-sIm-Sp-°Ww. B a{¥w CXmWv:˛
Hmw `qcv`phx kzx
X’-hn-Xpcvh-tcWyav
`cvtKm tZhky [oaln
[ntbm tbm \x {]tNm-Z-bm-Xv 3
Cu a{¥-Øns‚ {]Y-am-£-c-amb "Hmav' s‚
A¿Yw {]Y-tam-√m-k-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≈Xv
t\m°p-I. C\n aq∂v alm-hym-lr-Xn-I-fpsS
A¿Yw Npcp-°n-∏-d-bmw.
`qx˛ "'`qcnXn ssh {]mWx'' bx {]mW-bXn
Ncm-fNcw PKXv k `qx kz-bw-`q-co-izcx kI-ePKØn-s‚bpw \ne-\n-ev]n\v B[m-ch
- pw, {]mWt\-°mƒ {]nb\pw kzbw `qhpw Bb {]mWhm-Nn--bmIbm¬ `qx Cuiz-c-\m-a-am-Wv.
`phx˛ ""`qh-cn-Xy-]m\x''bx kcvhw ZpxJ-a]m\-bXn tkmf]m\x ZpxJ-c-ln-X-\pw, Pohm-flm°ƒ°v ZpxJ-hn-ap-‡nsb {]Zm\w sNøp-∂-h\p-amb Cuiz-cs‚ t]cmWv `phx F∂-Xv.
kzx˛ ""kzcnXn hym\x'' ""tbm hnhn[w PKZvhym\-bXn hym]vt\mXn k hym\x'' hnhn[
temIßfnseßpw hym]n®v F√m-Øn-t\bpw
[mcWw sNøp∂ Cuiz-c≥ F∂¿Yw. ""`qcnXn
ssh {]mWx'' CXymZn aq∂p hmIyßƒ
ssXØncobm-c-Wy-I-Øn-ep-≈-h-bm-Wv. 4
k-hnXpx (bx kpt\m-Xyp-ev]m-Zb
- Xn kcvhw
PKXv k khnXm Xky) temIßsfsb√mw
Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°p-Ibpw F√m sFizcyßsfbpw
\¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂, tZhky (tbm-Zo-hyXn
ZohytX hm k tZhx) kIe kpJßfpw
\¬Ip∂ AYhm Bsc {]m]n-°p-hm≥ F√mhcpw B{K- l n- ° p- ∂ pthm B Cuiz- c s‚
htcWyw (hcvØp-acvlw) `cvKx (ip-≤-kzcq]w) kzoI-c-Wo-bhpw AXn-t{i-jvThpw ip≤kz-cq-]hpw ]mh-\hpw tNX-\-hpamb {_“-kzcq-]-Øns‚ (X-Xv) B ]c-am-flm-hns\ \mw
[oaln ([tc aln) [cn-°p-∂p. F¥n-s\∂p
]d-bp-∂p˛ bx (P-K-Zo-iz-cx) khn-Xmhpw tZh-
Nm- c n- W n- I - f mbpw Ccn- t °≠ Ime- t Ømfw
Ah¿ ]c-kv]c
- a
- p≈ Z¿i-\w, kv]¿i-\w, GIm¥-hm-kw, kw`m-j-Ww, hnjb kpJßsf°pdn-®p≈ IYm-Jym\ßƒ, {IoUm-hn-t\mZßƒ,
hnj- b - k p- J - s Ø- ° p- d n- ® p≈
kvacW
F∂nßs\ F´p {]Im- c - Ø n- e p≈ ssaYp\sØ Xosc shSn-b-Ww. A[ym-]-I¿ Ahsc
B hnjbßfn¬ \n∂v AI‰n \n¿Ø-Ww.
F¶n¬ am{Xta Ah¿ DØa in£-Ww, ioew,
kz`m-hw- F-∂nh t\Sn ico-c-_-ehpw Bfl-i‡nbpw kºm-Zn®v \nXy-ku-JysØ h¿≤n-∏n°p-Ib
- p-≈q.
hnZym- e bßƒ ]´Wßfn¬ \n∂pw
{Kmaßfn¬ \n∂pw Hcp tbmP-\-˛-F-´p-\m-gnI
Zqcw˛ AI-∂n-cn-°-Ww. Ipt_-cs‚ ]p{X-\mbmepw \n¿[-\s‚ ]p{X-\m-bmepw hnZym¿Ynbm-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ F√m-h¿°pw Hcp-t]m-sebp≈ hkv{Xßfpw `£- W hpw Ccn∏nSßfpta sImSp-°m-hq. Ah-sc√mw X]kzn-I-fm-bn-cn-°-Ww. Ipń-Iƒ A—-\-Ω-amsc
ImWphm- t \m, A—- \ - Ω - a m¿ Ipń- I sf
kµ¿in- ° p- h mt\m A\p- h - Z n- ° - c p- X v.
A—\Ωamcpw a°fpw XΩn¬ IØn-S-]mSv
\S-Øp-hm≥ t]mepw A\p-hZn°p∂Xv icnb-√. Aßs\ AI-∂n-cp-∂m¬ am{Xta Ah¿
euInI Nn¥-Iƒ IqSmsX hnZym-`n-hr-≤n-bn¬
am{Xw {i≤n-°m≥ i‡-cm-hp-I-bp-≈q. ]mTim-eb
- n¬ \n∂p ]pdØp t]mIp-tºmgpw AhcpsS IqsS A[ym-]-I-∑m¿ D≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww.
Aßs\bmbm¬ NoØ {]hr--Øn-Iƒ, aSn,
sX‰p-Iƒ F∂n-h-sbm∂pw Ah¿ ioen-°pI-bn-√.
I\ym\mw kw{]-Zm\w N Ipam-cmWmw N
c£-Wav 2. a\p-kvar-Xn-bn-ep≈ Cu hN-\Øns‚ XmXv]cyw CXm-Wv˛ ""A©p-h-b-s m,
F´p hbs m Ign™ BÏp-ń-I-tfbpw
s]ÏpńIsfbpw kzKr- l - Ø n¬ h®p
hf¿Øp-hm≥ ]mSn-√. hnZym-e-b-ß-fn-te°v
Abbv- ° - W w. Aßs\ sNøm- Ø - h ¿
in£m¿l-cm-Wv. F∂nßs\ tZio-b-amtbm
kmap-Zm-bn-I-amtbm \nbaw D≠m-bn-cn-°Ww.''
BÏp-ń-Isf BZyw kzKr-l-Øn¬ h®pw
3 bPpcvthZw˛36.3
4 ssXØcob BcWyIw˛7.5
2 a\pkvarXn 7.152
30
aq∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
AwKßfmb kv\m\w, BN-a-\w, {]mWm-bmaw
apX-em-b {Inb-I-sf√mw ]Tn-∏n-°-Ww. ico-cØns‚ _mlym-h-bhßƒ°v ]cn-ip-≤nbpw
Btcm-Kyhpw D≠m-°p-∂X
- p-sIm-≠mWv kv\m\Øn\v {]m[m\yw \¬In-b-Xv. AXn\p {]amWw
a\p-kvar-Xn-bn-ep-≠v.
AZv`ncvKm-{Xm-Wn -ip-[y¥n
a\x ktXy\ ip[yXn
hnZym-X-t]m`ymw `qXmflm
_p≤ncv⁄m-t\-\- ip-[y-Xn 5
sh≈w- s Im≠v ico- c - Ø ns‚ _mlym- h bhßfpw kXym-Nc
- W
- Ø
- m¬ a\- pw, hnZybpw
X]kpw sIm≠v (F√m t¢ißfpw kln-®psIm≠v [¿aw A\p-jvTn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬) Pohmflm-hpw, ⁄m\w sIm≠v AXm-b-Xv, ]rYnhn
XpSßn PK- Z o- i z- c ≥ hsc- b p≈ kIe
]Zm¿Yßtfbpw hnth-Nn-®-dn-bp-∂Xp sIm≠p
_p≤nbpw ]cn-ip-≤-am-Ip-∂p. AXn-\m¬ `£W-Øn\p apºp-Xs∂ Ipfn-°W
- w. c≠m-atØXv
{]mWm-bm-a-am-Wv. AXn\p {]am-W-ambn:-˛
""tbmKmMvKm-\p-jvTm-\m-Z-ip-≤n-£tb
⁄m\-Zo-]vXncmhn-th-I-Jym-tXx'' 6
7
F∂p tbmK-im-kv{X-Øn-se
hN-\w.
{]mWm-bmaw sNøp∂ a\p-jys‚ ico-c-Ønse
Aip≤n £bn-°p-Ibpw ⁄m\w {]Im-in-°pIbpw sNøp-∂p. tam£w e`n-°p-∂-Xp-hsc
Ahs‚ Bfl-⁄m\w {Ia-Øn¬ h¿≤n-®p-sIm≠n-cn-°pw.
Zlyt¥ [vamb-am-\m\mw [mXq\mw ln
bYm aemx XtY-{µn-bm-Wmw Zly-t¥ -tZmjmx
{]mWky \n{K-lm-Xv 8
kz¿Ww apX-emb teml-ßsf Np´p-]-gp-∏n®m¬ Ah-bnse amen\yw \oßn ip≤-am-Ip-∂Xp-t]mse, {]mWm-bmaw sNøp-∂-hs‚ a\kv
apX-emb C{µnb-ßfpsS tZmj-sa√mw \in®v
\n¿a-e-am-Ip-∂p. {]mWm-bma hn[n C{]-Im-cam-Wv.
{]—cvZ-\-hn-[m-c-Wm`ymw hm {]mW-ky 9
i‡n-]q¿hw O¿±n-°p-tºmƒ tNmdpw sh≈hpw
\p-am-bn-cn-°p∂ ]c-am-flmhv \x (A-kvam-Iw)
\ΩpsS [nbx (_p- ≤ ox) _p≤n- i - ‡ n- I sf
{]tNm-Z-bmXv (t{]-c-tb-Xv) t{]cn-∏n-°p-am-dm-Is´. ZpjvIrXyßfn¬ \n∂v am‰n kXvI¿a
ßfn¬ {]h¿Øn-∏n-°s´ F∂¿Yw. ""tl! ]cta-izc! tl! k®n-Zm-\-µ-kz-cq]! tl! \nXyip-≤_
- p-≤a
- p-‡k
- z-`mh! tl! AP! \nc-RP
v \!
\ncvhn-Imc! tl kcvhm-¥c
- ym-an≥! tl kcvhm
[mc PKZv]tX! kIe PK-ZpXv]m-ZI! tl
A\mtZ! hnizw-`c! kcvh-hym-]n≥! tl IcpWm- a rXhmcnt[! khn- X pcv t Z- h ky XhbtZmw `qcv`p-hx- kzcvh-tcWyw `cvtKmfkvXn
XZzbw [oaln Z[o-aln [tc-aln [ymtbav
hm. Ikvssa {]tbm-P\
- m-tb-Xy-{Xml˛-tl `Kh≥! bx khnXm tZhx ]c-ta-iztcm `h∂kvamIw [nbx {]tNm-Z-bm-Xv. k Ghm-kvamIw
]qPy D]m-k-\ob CjvS-tZthm `hXp; \m
tXmf\yw `h-Øpeyw `h-tXmf[nIw N I©nXv
IZm-Nn≥a-\ym-atl.'' am\-hsc! ka¿Y-∑m-cn¬
h®v G‰hpw ka¿Y-\pw, k®n-Zm-\-µ-kz-cq-]\pw, \nXy-ip-≤-_p-≤-ap‡ kz`m-h-\pw, IcpWm-km-K-c-hpw, bYm-tbmKyw \ymbw \S-Øp∂-h\pw P\-\a
- c
- W
- mZn t¢ißfn√m-Øh
- \
- pw,
\ncm-Im-c-\pw, k¿h-⁄\pw kIe ]Zm¿Y
ßfpsSbpw {kjvSmhpw ]nXmhpw k¿h h
kvXp-°-fp-sSbpw B[m-c-`q-X-\pw, A∂m-Zn-]Zm¿Yßfm¬ Poh- P meßsf apgp- h \pw
t]mjn-∏n-°p-∂-h-\pw, kakvX sFiz-cy-bp‡-\pw, temI-{k-jvSm-hpw, ip≤-kz-cq-]-\pw,
{]m]n-°p-hm≥ B{K-ln-°-Ø-°-h\pw Bb
B ]c-am-flm-hns‚ ip≤-amb tNX-\-kzcq]sØ \mw [cn-°p-am-dm-I-Ww. B PK-Zo-izc≥ \ΩpsS Bflm-hnepw _p≤n-bnepw A¥cym-an-bm-bn-cp∂v \sΩ Zpcm-Nmcßfn¬ \n
∂pw A[- ¿ a- a m¿K- Ø n¬ \n∂pw AI‰n
t{ijv T m- N mcßfnepw kXy- a m¿K- Ø nepw
{]h¿Øn-∏n-°p-am-dm-Is´! B Cuiz-c-s\-b√msX as‰mcp hkvXp-hns\ \mw [ym\n-°-cpXv. Fs¥-∂m¬ At±-l-tØ-°mƒ alm-t\m,
At±-l-Øn\p Xpeyt\m Bcp-an-√. \ΩpsS
{kjvSm-hpw, cmPm-hpw, \ymbm-[n-]-Xnbpw
At±lw Xs∂. \ap°v kI-eh
- n[ kpJßƒ
Xcp-∂Xpw At±lw Xs∂.
C{]-Imcw Kmb-{Xo-a-{¥-Øns‚ A¿Yw D]tZ- i n- ® p- s Im- S p- Ø n- ´ v , kt‘ym- ] m- k - \ - b psS
5 a\pkvarXn 5. 109
6 tbmKZ¿i\w 2.28
(tbmKmw-Km-\p-jvTm-\m-Zi
- p-≤n-£t- b...)
7 tbmKZ¿i\w 2.52 (XXx- £o-btX {]Im-im-hc
- Wav)
8 a\pkvarXn 6.71
9 tbmKZ¿i\w 1.34
31
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
∏v, kwkmcw apX-emb Imcy-ßfpw hen-b-htcmSpw sNdn-b-h-tcm-Sp-ap≈ s]cp-am-ddw F∂nh-sb-∏‰n th≠ \n¿t±i-ßƒ Ipń-Iƒ°p ]d™p-sIm-Sp-°-Ww. {_“-b-⁄-sa∂p IqSn
]dbp∂ kt‘ym-]m-k-\-bpsS {Iahpw ]Tn-∏n®p- s Im- S p- ° - W w. BN- a - \ - a mWv AXns‚
BZysØ {Inb. IWvT\
- m-fØ
- ns‚ NphSp hsc
FØp-hm≥ F{X sh≈w thtWm A{X-am{Xw
sh≈w-˛-A-Xn-e-[n-I-am-hp-I-tbm, Ipd-bp-Itbm
sNø-cp-Xv-˛-ssI-sh-≈-bn¬ FSp-Øv, AXns‚
a[y-Øn¬ Np≠p-Iƒ h®v hen-s®-Sp-ØmWv
BN-a\w sNtø-≠Xv A-ßs\ sNbvXm¬
IWvTØ
-- n-ep-≈- I^hpw ]nØhpw sX√p ian°pw. ]n∂sØ {Inb am¿-P\-am-Wv. a≤yam (\Sp-hn-c¬) A\m-anIm (tam-Xn-c-hn-c¬) F∂o
ssIhn-c-ep-I-fpsS A‰w sIm≠v IÆnepw a‰pw
sh≈w Xfn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-bmWvam¿-P\w F∂p
]d-bp-∂-Xv.am¿-P\w sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v AekX amdp-∂p. Ae-kX C√m-Øt- ∏m-gpw, sh≈w
Cs√-¶nepwam¿-P\w sNø-W-sa-∂n-√.am¿-P\w
Ign-™v a{¥-tØm-Sp-IqSn {]mWm-bm-aw, a\km
]cn-{I-aWw 'D]-ÿm\w' Cuiz-c-kvXp-Xn,
Cuiz-c-{]m¿Y\ F∂o {Inb-I-fpsS A\p-jvTm\-co-Xn-I-fpw. ]n∂oSv a\km t]mepw ]m]w
Nn¥n-°m-Xn-cn-°phm-\p≈ AL-a¿j-Whpw
ioen-°-Ww. Cu kt‘ym-]m-k\ GIm-¥-ÿeØv GIm-{K-Nn-Ø-tØm-Sp-IqSn A\p-jvTn-°Ww.
A]mw kaot] \nbtXm ss\XyIw hn[nam-ÿnXx; kmhn-{Xo-a-]y-[o-boX KXzm-cWyw
kam-ln-Xx 10
Imń¬-˛-hn-P-\-ÿ-e-Øp-˛-sN-∂v, kmh-[m\w
Pe-Øn-\-Sp-Øn-cp-∂v, GIm-{K-Nn-Ø-\m-bn, \nXyI¿aw sNbvXv kmhn{Xn AYhm Kmb-{Xo--a{¥w
P]n-°p-Ibpw AXns‚ A¿Yw Nn¥n-°pIbpw
AX- \ p- k - c n®v {]h¿Øn- ° p- I bpw thWw.
F∂m¬, a\km P]n-°p-∂-XmWv DØaw.
ASpØ A\p-jvTm\w tZh-b-⁄-am-Ip-∂p.
A·n-tlm{Xw F∂p-IqSn t]cp≈ B A\pjvTm\w hnZzm-∑m-cpsS kwk¿Khpw ip{iq-jbpw
sIm≠p-thWw \n¿h-ln-°p-hm≥. kt‘ym-]mk-\hpw A·n-tlm-{Xhpw cmhn-sebpw kmbwk-‘ybv°pw am{Xta sNøm-hq. cm]-Iep-If
- psS
]pd-tØ°p t]mIp-∂-Xp-t]mse {]mW-hm-bphn-s\ i‡n-]q¿hw ]pd-tØ°p hn´v BIm-hp∂{X kabw shfn-bn¬ \ntcm-[n®p \n¿ØpI. C- ß s\ sNøp- t ºmƒ aqte- { µn- b sØ
apIƒ`m- K - t Ø°v sXs√m∂p BI¿jn®p
\n¿Ø- W w. C- ß s\bm- b m¬ {]mW- h m- b phns\ IqSp-X¬ kabw XSpØp-\n¿Øp-hm≥
Ign-bpw. hnjaw A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ hmbp
Aev]m-ev]-ambn D≈n-te°p hen-s®-Sp-°pI
]n∂oSv AXns\ apºn-esØ ań¬ Xs∂ ]pdtØ°p hnSpI A-ßs\ i‡nbpw C—bpw
D≈n- S - t Ømfw Bh¿Øn- ° p- I . B ka- b sØ√mw a\km HmwImcw P]n-°-Ww. C{]Imcw A\p-jvTn-®m¬ Bflm-hn\pw a\- n\pw
]cn-ip-≤nbpw ÿnc-Xbpw e`n-°pw.
{]mWm-bmaw \mep-hn-[-ap-≠v. H∂m-a-tØXv
_mly-hn-j-bw. Zo¿L-t\cw {]mWs\ shfnbn¬ \n¿ØpI F∂¿Yw. c≠m-a-tØXv B`y¥-cw. {]mWs\ Ign-bp-∂{X D≈n-sem-Xp°n
\n¿Øp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v B`y-¥cw F∂p ]d-bp∂p. aq∂m-a-tØXv kvXw`-hr-Øn-bm-Wv. hmbphns\ bYm-i‡n kvXw`n-∏n®p \n¿Øp-∂-XpsIm≠v kvXw`-hr-Øn-sb-∂p ]d-bp-∂p. \mema-tØXv _mlym-`y-¥c
- m-t£-]n-bm-Wv. {]mW≥
D≈n¬ \n∂v ]pd-tØ°p t]mIp-tºmƒ Aßs\ hnSmsX AXn\p hncp-≤-ambn ]pdØp
\n∂v AI-tØ°p {]mWs\ hen-°p-Ibpw
AI- t Ø°p hcp- t ºmƒ, AI- Ø p- \ n∂p
XS™p ]pdØp \n¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-XmWv
_mlym-`y¥-c-hn-j-bw. C-ßs\ ]c-kv]-c-hn-cp≤-ambn {In-b-I-f-\p-jvTn®v {]mWm-bmaw ioen®m¬ c≠n-s‚bpw KXn \ne®v {]mW≥ hi-Kam- h p- I bpw XZzmcm a\kpw C{µnb- ß fpw
kzm[o-\-am-hp-Ibpw sNøpw. _ehpw ]pcpjm¿Yhpw h¿≤n®v _p≤n XojvWhpw
kq£vahpw Bhp-Ibpw kq£vahpw ITn-\hpamb hnjb-ßƒ t]mepw {]bmkw IqSmsX
{Kln-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-Ibpw sNøpw. IqSmsX
ico-Øn¬ hocy-hr-≤n-bp-≠m-hp-Ibpw _ew,
]cm-{I-aw, PntX-{µn-bXzw F∂o KpW-ßƒ
D≠m-hp-Ibpw Aev]-Imew sIm≠v kI-e-imkv{X-ßfpw ]Tn®p hbv°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bpw
sNøpw. kv{XoIfpw C{]-Imcw tbmKm-`ymkw
sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.
`£-Ww, hkv{X-[m-c-Ww, Ccn-∏v, \nev]v, \S-
10 a\pkvarXn 2.104
32
aq∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
k‘n-thf ct≠ D≈q; thsd-bn-√. Ipd-™]£w Hcp aWn-°q-sd-¶nepw [ym\-Øn-en-cn-t°≠-Xm-Wv. tbmKn-Iƒ kam-[n-bn-en-cp∂p ]c-amflm- h ns\ [ym\n- ° p- ∂ - X p- t ]m- s e- b mWv
kt‘ym-]m-k\ sNtø-≠-Xpw.
kqtcym- Z - b - Ø n\p tij- h pw, Akv X - a - \ Øn\p apºp-amWv A·n-tlm-{X-Øns‚ ka-bw.
A·n-tlm{Xw sNøm≥ aÆntem As√-¶n¬
teml-Øn-tem, D]-cn-`mKw ]{¥t≠m ]Xn\mtdm AwKpew Bg-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bpw, ]{¥
t≠m ]Xn-\mtdm AwKpew \ofw hoXn-bn¬
ka-NX
- p-cØ
- nepw A{Xbpw AwKpew, Bg-tØmSp-Iq-Snbpw aqt∂m \mtem AwKpew hoXw \ofw
hoXn-bn¬ ka-N-Xp-c-amb ASn-Ø-t´m-Sp-Iq-Snbpw
Hcp thZn \n¿an-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. ka-N-Xp-c-amb
thZn-bpsS apIƒ`m-K-Øns‚ \men-sem-∂m-bncn-°Ww ASn-Ø-ńs‚ hen-∏w. Cu tXmX-\pk-cn®v thZn-bpsS Afhp IW-°m-°-Ww. thZnbn¬ Nµ-\w, πmiv, amhv apX-emb t{ijvTh
- r£ßfpsS XSn-°j
- W-ßƒ apdn®v thZn-bpsS hen∏-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v IjW-ßfmbn ]Sp-°p-I.
AXns‚ a≤y-Øn¬ A·n Pzen-∏n®v AXns‚
apI-fn¬ sNdnb hnd-Ip-I-jW-ßƒ hbv°p-I.
AXns‚ tijw, kz¿Ww sImt≠m, sh≈nsImt≠m acwsImt≠m \n¿an® Hcp t{]m£Wo-]m-{Xw, Hcp {]Wo-Xm-]m-{Xw, Hcp BPy-ÿmen, Hcp {kphw F∂o tlma-]m{X-ßsfSp-Øv
{]- W oXm]m{X- Ø nepw t{]m£- W o- ] m- { XØnepw sh≈hpw BPy-ÿm-en-bn¬ Dcp-°nb
s\øpw \nd- ® p- s h- b v ° p- I . {]Wo- X m- ] m{Xw
sh≈w \nd-®p-sh-°p--hm-\p-≈Xpw t{]m£-Wo]m{Xw AXn¬\n∂p ssI Igp- I p- h m- \ mbn
sh≈w FSp-°p-hm≥ kuI-cy-Øn\p th≠n-bp≈-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. CsX√mw Hcp-°n-sh-®-tijw
s\øv NqSp-]n-Sn-∏n®v AXns\ \√-hÆw ]cntim-[n®v
Xmsg ]d-bp∂ a{¥-ßƒ sNm√n tlman°p-I˛
Hmw `qc-·tb {]mWmb kzmlm. `phcvhmbthf]m\mb kzmlm. kzcm-Zn-Xymb hym\m
b kzmlm. `qcv`phx kzc-·nhmbzm-Zn-tXy`yx
{]mWm-]m-\-hym-t\`yx kzmlm.
A·n-tlm-{X-Øn\p {]tXy-I-ambn hn[n-°s∏-ń-´p≈ Cu a{¥-ßfn¬ Hmtcm-∂n-t\bpw
sNm√n Hmtcm BlpXn hoXw sNøp-I. AXne-[nIw BlpXn sNø-W-sa-∂p-s≠-¶n¬˛
hnizm\n tZh khn-XcvZp-cn-Xm\n ]cm
kph bZv `{ZwX∂ B kp-h 11
F∂ a{¥w sImt≠m ap≥sNm∂ Kmb-{Xoa- { ¥w- s Imt≠m tlman°p- I . ""Hmw `qx''
""{]mWx'' F∂p-Xp-Sß
- n-bp≈ Cu \ma-ßsf√mw
Cuiz-cs\ Ipdn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Ch-bpsS A¿Yw
]d-™p-I-gn-™p. kzml-mbpsS A¿Yw CXmWv˛ Ah-c-h-cpsS Adn-hn\p X° hÆw kwkmcn-°-Ww. hn]-co-X-ambn ]mSn-√. temI-Øn¬
ImWp∂ kIe ]Zm¿Y-ßtfbpw Cuiz-c≥
k¿h-{]m-Wn-I-fp-sSbpw kpJ-Øn-\mbn krjvSn®-Xp-t]mse a\p-jycpw ]tcm-]-Imcw sNtø≠-Xm-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ tlmaw sIm≠v F¥p-]-tbm-K-amWp-f-fXv?
DØcw: Zp¿K-‘-ap≈ hmbphpw sh≈hpw
tcmK-Im-c-W-am-sW∂pw tcmK-ßƒ Pohn-Iƒ°v
Zp:Jap-fh
- m-°p-sa∂pw F√m-h¿°p-ad
- nbmw. AXp11 bPpcvthZw 30.3
33
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
F{X-tØmfw Zp¿K‘w D≠m-bn, hmbp-hn¬
hym]n-®v, hmbp-hn-t\bpw Pe-Øn-t\bpw Zpjn∏n®v tcmtKm-ev]-Øn°p Imc-W-am-bn, PohnIƒ°p ZpxJ-ap-≠m-°p-∂pthm A{X-tØmfw
]m]w B a\p-jy-\p-≠v. B ]m]-Øns‚ ]cnlm-c-Øn-\v, aen-\-am-°n-b-{X-tØmfw hmbphpw
Pehpw ip≤- a m- ° - W w. s\øv , Ign- ° p- ∂ XpsIm≠v Ign-°p-∂-h\p am{Xta {]tbm-P-\ap-ffq. Hcp-h≥ `£n-°p-∂{X s\øpw kpK-‘{Zhy-ßfpw tlman-®m¬ AXp-sIm≠v ]c-e£w
P\-ßƒ°v D]-Imcw D≠m-hpw. F∂m¬ s\øpw
a‰p \√ ]Zm¿Y-ßfpw `£n-°m-Øh
- ¿ °v tZl_-ehpw Bfl-_-ehpw D≠mhp-I-bn-√. AXn\m¬ \√ ]Zm¿Y-ßƒ Xn∂p-Ibpw IpSn-°pIbpw sNø-Ww. ]t£ AXp-sIm≠v tlmaw
sNøp-∂Xv hf-sc-b-[nIw DNn-X-am-bn-´p-≈-XmWv. AXn-\m¬ tlmaw sNøp-∂Xv AXym-hiyw
Xs∂.
tNmZyw˛ Hmtcm a\p-jy\pw F{X BlpXn
hoXw sNøWw? Hmtcm Blp-Xn-bptSbpw
Afhv F¥m-bn-cn-°Ww?
DØ- c w˛ Hmtcm a\p- j y\pw ]Xn- \ mdv
BlpXn hoXw tlman-°-Ww. Hmtcm BlpXn°pw Bdp a©m-Sn-Øq°w s\øpw addp {Zhyßfpw thWw. AXn-e-[nIw D≠m-bm¬ hfsc
\∂v. Bcy-P\
- m-t{K-kc
- ∑
- mcpw al-Øp-°f
- p-amb
Ejn-am¿, al¿jn-am¿, cmPm-°-∑m¿ alm-cm-Pm°-∑m¿ F∂n-h-sc√mw hfsc tlma-ßƒ \SØp-Ibpw \S-Øn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂Xv AXn\m-em-Wv. tlmaw sNøp∂ k{º-Zmbw \ne-\n∂n-cp∂ Imew hsc Bcym-h¿Øw tcmK-c-lnXhpw kpJ- ] q¿W- h p- a m- b n- c p- ∂ p. Ct∏mgpw
tlma- Ø n\v {]Nmcw D≠m- I p- ∂ - X m- b m¬
A∆Æw `hn-°pw.
C-ßs\ c≠v b⁄-ßƒ, AYhm {_“-b⁄w˛ ]Tn-Øw, ]Tn-∏n-°¬, kt‘ym-]m-k\, Cuiz- c - k v X p- X n, {]m¿Y- \ , D]m- k - \ ,
F∂nh sNøp-I. c≠m-asØ tZh-b-⁄w˛
A·n-tlm{Xw apX¬ Aiz-ta[w hsc-bp≈
b⁄- ß fpw hnZzm- ∑ m- c psS ip{iq- j bpw
kº¿°- h pw- ˛ - B - W p- ≈ - X v . {_“- N - c ym- { i- a Øn¬ {_“-b-⁄hpw A·n-tlm-{Xhpw am{Xw
A\p-jvTn-®m¬ aXn.
{_m“-Wk
- v{XbmWmw hcvW\
- m-ap-]\
- b
- \w
IcvØp-acvlX
- n. cmPt\ym Zzb-ky. sshtiym
t]mse kpK-‘-ap≈ hmbphpw \√ Pehpw
a\p-jy¿°v BtcmKyw \¬Ip-∂p. tcmK-an-√mXm-bm¬ Zp:Jan-√m-Xm-Ipw. Zp:Jan-√m-Xm-bm¬
kpJw {]m]vX-am-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ Nµ\w B¿s°-¶nepw Ac-®p-]pc-´p-hm\pw s\øv Ign-°m\pw sImSp-°p-∂X
- t√
{]tbm-P-\-{]Zw? Xoøn-en´p \in-∏n-°p-∂Xv
_p≤n-bp-≈-h¿°p tNcp-∂-Imcy-amtWm?
DØ-cw˛ \n-ßƒ°v {]IrXn XØz-imkv{Xw
Adn-bm-sa-¶n¬ C-ßs\ ]d-bp-I-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p.
Hcp ]Zm¿Yhpw \in-®p-t]m-Ip-∂n-√. t\m°q!
tlmaw sNøp∂ ÿeØp \n∂p hfsc Zpsc
\n¬°p-∂-bm-fn\v AXns‚ kpK‘w e`n-°p∂p. AXp-t]mse Zp¿K-‘hpw Adn-bphm≥ Ignbpw. CXn¬\n∂v a\-kn-em-t°-≠-Xv, tlmam·n- b n¬ \nt£- ] n® hkv X p kq£v a - a mbn
Xo¿∂v \mep-]mSpw hym]n-®v, hmbp-hn-eqsS
]c∂v Zp¿K-‘-sa√mw \in-∏n-°p-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv.
tNmZyw˛ A-ßs\bm-sW-¶n¬ Ip¶p-a∏
- q-hv,
IkvXq-cn, aW-ap≈ ]pjv]ß
- ƒ, AØ¿ apXem-bh hoń¬ kq£n-®p-h-®m¬ Ah hońep≈ hmbp-hns\ kpK-‘-bp-‡hpw kpJ{]-Z-hp-am-°pInt√?
DØ-cw˛ Ah-bpsS kuc-`y-Øn\v Krlm¥¿`m-KsØ Zpjn® hmbp-hns\ ]pd-Øm°n
ip≤-hm-bp-hns\ AI-tØ°p {]th-in-∏n-°phm≥ i‡n-bn-√. Ahbv°v t`Z-I-i‡n C√mØ-XmWv Imc-Ww. Zpjn® hmbp-hn-s\bpw
Zp¿K-‘-bp-‡-amb hkvXp-°-sfbpw t`Zn®v
eLq-I-cn®v ]pd-Øm°n ]pd-Øp≈ ip≤-hm-bphns\ AI- t Ø°p {]th- i n- ∏ n- ° p- h m≥
A·n°p am{Xta kma¿Yy-ap-≈q.
tNmZyw˛ F¶n¬ tlmaw sNøp- t ºmƒ
a{¥w sNm√p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v F¥mWv {]tbmP\w?
DØ-cw˛ a{¥m¿Y-hym-Jym-\-Øn¬ \n∂v
tlmaw sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p≈ êw F¥msW∂v a\- n-em-Ip-∂p. IqSmsX a{¥-ßƒ
Bh¿Øn-®p-P-]n-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Ah lrZnÿ-am-Ip-Ibpw thZ-ßfpsS A[y-b-\w, A[ym]-\w, kwc-£Ww F∂nh \S-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.
tNmZyw˛ tlmaw sNøm-Xn-cp-∂m¬ ]m]w
Dt≠m?
DØ-cw˛ D≠v. Hcp-hs‚ ico-c-Øn¬ \n∂v
34
aq∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
`h-Xn.
3. AY bm\n NXp-›-Xzm-cnw-i-ZzcvjmWn
X∑m[yµn\w kh\w NXp-›X
- zm-cnw-iZ- £
- cm
{XnjvSp]v ss{XjvSp`w am[y-µn\w kh\w
XZky cp{Zm A\zmbØmx {]mWm hmh cp{Zm
GtX loZw kcvhw tcmZ-b-¥n.
4. Xw tNtZ-X-kvan-\z-bkn In©n-Zp-]-Xt]’ {_qbmXv{]mWm cp{Zm CZw ta am[yµn\w kh\w XrXob kh\-a\p k¥-\ptXXn amlw {]mWm\mw cp{ZmWmw at[y
bt⁄m hntem- ] v k o- t b- X yp- s s≤h XX
GXy-KtZm l `h-Xn.
5. AY bm\y-jSv m-NX
- zm-cn-iw-ZzcvjmWn XXv
Xr-Xobkh-\-a-jvSm-NXzm-cn-i-Z-£cm PKXo
PmK- X w - X r- X ob kh\w XZ- k ym- Z n- X ym\zmbØmx {]mWm hmhm-ZnXym GtX loZw
kcvh-am-Z-Z-tX.
6. Xw tNtZ-X-kvan≥ hbkn In©n-Zp-]-Xt]’ {_qbmXv{]mWm BZnXym CZw ta
XrXo-b-k-h\ ambp-c-\p-kw-X-\p-tXXn amlw
{]mWm\mam-Zn-Xym\mw at[y bt⁄m hntem
-]vko-tb-Xyp-ss≤h XX GXyKtZm sslh
`hXn
Cu hmIy-ßƒ Omtµm-tKym-]-\n-j-Øn-ep≈-h-bm-Ip-∂p 13.
{_“N-cyw -˛-I-\n-jvTw, a[y-aw, DØaw F∂nßs\ aq∂p hn[-Øn-em-Wv.
1. Ah-bn¬ I\n-jvT-amb {_“-Ncyw C{]-Im-cam- W v . ]pcp- j ≥ AYhm A∂- c - k - a - b - a mb
tZlhpw B tZl- Ø n¬ IpSn- s Im- ≈ p∂
Bflmhpw b⁄-am-Ip-∂p. AXm-bXv kXvKpWßtfmSp IqSn-bXpw kXvI¿Ø-hy-hp-am-Ip∂p
F∂¿Yw. AXn-\m¬ B ]pcp-j≥ Xs‚ Bbpkn¬ 24 hbkp XnI-bp-∂-Xp-hsc PntX-{µnb\pw {_“-Nm-cnbpw Bbn-cp∂v thZmZn hnZyI- t fbpw th≠pw hÆ- a p≈ in£- W hpw
{Kln®v hnhmlw sNbvXmepw kv{Xoe-º-S-\mImsX Ign-bp-hm≥ ioen-°W
- w. A-ßs\ sNøp∂-bm-fns‚ {]mW-ßƒ _e-ap-≈h
- b
- m-bn, KpWk-ºq¿Æ-ambn `hn-°pw.
2. hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\v X]kp sNøp∂ {_“Nmcn A[ym-]I≥ D]t-tZ-in°pw ]Sn i]Yw
sshiy-ssky-th-Xn. ip{Z-a]n Ipe-Kp-W-kº∂w a{¥-hcvPa\p-]\
- o-Xa
- [
- ym-]t- b-Zn-tXy-tI.
Cu hN\w kp{ip-Xs‚ kq{X-ÿm-\-Øn¬
c≠m-asØ A[ym-b-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-Wv. {_m“W\v aq∂p h¿W- ß sfbpw ({_m- “ - W ≥,
£{Xn- b ≥, sshiy≥ F∂o aq∂p h¿Wßtfbpw) £{Xn- b \v £{Xn- b - s sh- i y- ∑ mscbpw sshiy\v sshiys\ am{Xhpw D]-\b\w sNbvXp ]Tn-∏n-°m-hp-∂X
- m-Wv. Ipeo-\\pw
ip`-e-£-W-ß-fp≈h\p-amb iq{Zs\ a{¥-kwln-X-sbm-gn-sI-bp≈ kIe imkv{Xßfpw ]Tn∏n-°mw. F∂m¬ iq{Zs\ D]-\-bn-°-cp-Xv. C{]Imcam Wv BNm-cy-∑mcpsS aXw.
A©m-asØ hb-kntem As√¶n¬ F´masØ hb-kntem BÏp-ń-Ifpw s]Ïp-ńIfpw Ah-c-h¿°p≈ ]mT-im-e-bn¬ tNc-Ww.
F∂n´v Xmsg-]-dbp∂ \nb-a-a-\p-k-cn®v A[yb\w Bcw-`n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
jSv { Xnw- i - Z m_v Z nIw Ncbyw Kpscu
ss{Xssh-ZnIw {hXw; XZcv[nIw ]mZnIw hm
{Kl-Wm-¥n-I-tah hm12.
F´m-asØ hb-kn¬ XpSßn \mev]-Øn-\mem-asØ hb-kp-h-sc, aq∂p thZ-ßfp≈-Xn¬
Hmtcm∂pw kmwtKm-]mwKw ]Tn-°p-hm≥ Hmtcm
hymg-h´w hoXw ap∏-Øn-bmdp sIm√-°m-ew,
{_“-Ncyw A\p-jvTn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. As√-¶n¬
]Xn-s\´p kwh-’-cw˛ AXm-bXv F´p apX¬
Ccp--]-Ømdp hb-kp-h-sc-˛-A-Xpas√¶n¬ HºXp-sIm-√-°m-e-sa-¶nepw {_“-Ncyw A\p-jvTn°-Ww. AYhm ]q¿W hnZym-{K-l-W-Øn-\m-hiy-amb A{Xbpw Imew {_“-Ncyw A\p-jvTn°-Ww.
1. ]pcptjm hmh b⁄kvXky bm\n
NXpcvhnw-iXn hcvjmWn XXv{]mXx kh-\w,
NXpcvhnw-iX
- y-£cm Kmb{Xo Kmb{Xw {]mXxk-h-\w, XZky hk-thmf\zmbØmx {]mWm
hmh hkh GtX loZw kcvhw hmk-b¥n.
2. Xt©-tZ-X-kvan≥ hbkn In©n-Zp-]-Xt]’ {_qbmXv{]mWm hkh CZw ta {]mXxk-h\w am[y-µn-\w- k-h-\-a-\p-kw-X-\p-tXXn
amlw {]mWm\mw hkq\mw at[y bt⁄m
hntem-]vko-tb-Xyp-ss≤h XX GXy-KtZm l
12 a\pkvarXn 3.1
13 OmtµymKy D]\n-jXv 3.16.1
35
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
tem]w hcp-ØmsX c£n-°p-∂-h¿ tcmK-an√msX Pohn®v [¿am¿Y-I-atam£-ßƒ t\Sp∂p.
NXkvt{Xmf-hÿmx ico-cky hr≤ncv-buh \w kºqcvWXm In©nXv ]cn-lm-Wn-t›Xn. Btjm-Ui
- m-Zv hr≤nx. B ]©-hnwi-tXcvbu-h-\w. BN-Xzm-cnw-iXx kºqcvWXm XXx
In©n-Xv]c
- n-lm-Wn-t›-Xn. ]©-hnwti XtXm
hcvtj ]pam≥ \mcoXp tjmUti ka-XzmKX hocyu Xu Pm\o-bmXv Ipitem `njIv. 14
Ch kp{ip-XØ
- nse kq{X-ÿm-\Ø
- n¬ ap∏Ø-©m-a-≤ym-b-Øn-ep-≈-h-bm-Wv. Cu ico-cØn\v \mev Ah-ÿ-I-fp-≈-Xn¬ BZy-tØXv
hr≤n BIp-∂p. ]Xn-\m-dm-asØ hbkp apX¬
Ccp-]-Ø-©m-asØ hbkp hsc ico-c-Ønse
[mXp-°-sf√mw hf¿®sb {]m]n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn°p-∂p. c≠m-asØ Ahÿ buh\-am-Wv.
AXv Ccp]-Øn-b©mw hb-kns‚ Ah-km-\Øntam Ccp-]-Øn-bmdmw hbkns‚ XpS-°Øntem Bcw- ` n- ° p- ∂ p. aq∂m- a sØ Ahÿsb kºq¿WX F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. buh-\mcw-`-tØm-Sp-IqSn XpS-ßp∂ ico-c-]pjvSn ]q¿Wam-Ip-∂Xv 40 hbkp XnI-bp-tºm-gm-Wv. \memasØ Ah-ÿ-bmWv In©n¬ ]cnlmWn
F∂p ]d-bp-∂X
- v. AXv \mev]X
- m-asØ hbkp
XnI-bp-∂-tXm-Sp-IqSn XpS-ßp-∂p. kIe [mXp°fpw kmwtKm-]mwKw ]q¿W-h-f¿® {]m]n-®pI-gn-™m¬ ]n∂o-Sp-≠m-Ip∂ hf¿® ico-cØn¬ \n¬°p-I-bn-√. B hf¿® ([m-Xp-hr-≤n)
kz]v \ w, tkzZw F∂nh hgn ]pd- t Ø°p
t]mhp-Itb D≈q. B \mev]Xmw hb-kmWv
hnhm-l-Øn\v DØ-a-Im-ew. \mev]-sØ´mw hb m-Is´ AXyp-Øa Ime-hp-am-Wv.
tNmZyw˛ {_“NcysØ kw_-‘n® Cu
\nbaw kv{XoIƒ°pw ]pcp-j-∑m¿°pw Hcpt]mse _m[-I-amtWm?
DØcw: A√. ]pcp-j≥ 25 hbkp hsc {_“Ncyw ]men-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬ kv{Xo 16 hbkp
hscbpw ]pcp-j≥ 30 hb-kp-hs
- c-sb-¶n¬ kv{Xo
17 hb-kp-h-scbpw ]pcp-j≥ 36 hb- p-h-sc-bm-
sNbvXv {hX-sa-Sp-°-Ww. ""Rm≥ Cu BZy-h-bkn¬ Aßp ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse {_“-N-cy-a-\pjvTn®v Fs‚ ico-cØ
- n\pw Bflm-hn\pw BtcmKyhpw _ehpw ssIh-cpØn kIe kZvKpWßƒ°pw Ccn-∏n-Sa
- m-Ipw. Fs‚ {_“-Nc
- y-Øn\v
tem]w hcm-Ø-hn-[-Øn¬ \n-ßƒ \n-ßfpsS
kpJ-ßsf h¿≤n-∏n-®p-sIm-≈p-I. 24 hbkp
XnI-™-Xn\p tijw hnhmlw sNbvXv Krlÿm-{iaw kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬ tcmK-c-ln-X\m- b n- c n- ° m- s a∂pw Bbp v Fgp- ] tXm
F¨]tXm sIm√-tØmfw \o≠p \n¬°p-sa∂p-≈Xpw {]kn-≤-am-W-t√m.
3. a[y-a{- _-“N
- cyw C{]-Im-ca
- m-Wv˛ GsXmcp
a\p-jy≥ 44 hb p Ign-bp-∂-Xp-hsc {_“-Nmcn-bm-bn-cp∂pw sIm≠v thZm-[ym-b\w sNøp∂pthm Ahs‚ {]mW- \ pw, C{µnb- ß fpw,
A¥x-I-c-W-hpw, Bflmhpw F√mw ]pjvSn
{]m]n-®v, ZpjvSsc Ic-bn-∏n-°p-∂Xpw injvSsc
]cn-]m-en-°p-∂-hbpw BIpw.
4. \n-ßƒ ]d-bpw-hÆw Cu {]Y-a-h-b-kn¬
Rm≥ Ipd®v X]-k-\p-jvTn-®m¬ cp{Z-cq-]-amb
{]mW-t\m-Sp-Iq-Snb {_“-Ncyw F\n°v ssIhcpw. AXn-\m¬ A√tbm {_“-Nm-cn-I-tf, {_“N-cysØ h¿≤n-∏n-°p-I. Fs‚ Ncybv°p `wKw
hcp-ØmsX b⁄-kz-cq-]-\mbn BNm-cy-Ip-eØn¬\n∂p aS- ß n- h ∂v tcmK- c - l n- X - \ mbn
h¿Øn-°p-am-dm-I-Ww. Fs∂-t∏mse \√ I¿aw
\n-ßfpw sNbvI.
5. aq∂m-asØ DØa {_“-Nc
- y-Øns‚ Imew
48 kwh-’-c-am-Wv. PKXo F∂ Oµkv 48
A£c-ßfp≈-Xm-Wv. AXp-t]mse \mep hymgh´w bYm-hn[n {_“-Ncyw A\p-jvTn-°p-∂-bmfns‚ {]mW≥ A\p-Iq-e-ambn kIe hnZym-{KlWw km[y-am-°p-∂p.
6. Kpcp-°-∑mcpw amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cpw, XßfpsS injy-∑mcpw k¥m\-ßfpw hnZzm-∑mcpw
KpW-hm-∑m-cp-am-I-Ø-°-hÆw Ahsc {]Y-a-hb- n¬ X]-kzn-I-fm-°p-Ibpw {_“-Ncyw A\pjvTn-°m≥ D]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw sNø-s´. injy∑mcpw k¥m\-ßfpw apS°w C√mØ {_“Ncyw A\p-jvTn®v aq∂m-asØ DØ-a-{_-“-Ncy-{h-XsØ apgp-an-∏n®v ]q¿W-am-b-˛-A-Xm-bXv
400 sIm√sØ Bbp--kn-s\˛ {]m]n-°-s´. \nßfpw A-ßs\ Bbp- ns\ h¿≤n∏n-®p-sIm≈p-I. {_“-N-cy-{hXw ssIs°m-≠v, AXn\v
14 kp{ip-X-kq-{X-ÿm\w 35/25 Ct∏mƒ e_v[-amb
kq{X-ÿm-\-]mTw `n∂-am-Wv. kp{ip-Xs‚ Hcp hr≤]m-Thpw D≠m-bn-cp∂p hr≤-kp-{ip-Xs‚ At\I ]mTßƒ {]mNo\ {KŸ-ß-fn¬ DZv[r-X-am-Wv.
36
aq∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
∏n-°p-I. (A-·-bx) Bl-h-\n-bmZn A·n-Itfbpw an∂¬ apX-em-b-h-tbbpw Adn™v hnZyIƒ A`y- k n- ° p- I bpw A`y- k n- ∏ n- ° p- I bpw
sNøWw (A- · n- t lm- { Xw) A·n- t lm{Xw
sNbvXp-sIm≠vv ]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNø-Ww. (A-Xn-Y-bx) AXn-Yn-Isf k¬°-cn®p-sIm≠v ]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-I-bpw sNøWw. (am- \ p- j w) a\p- j y¿°p tbmKy- a mb
euInI hyh-lm-c-ßsf bYm-hn[n \n¿h-ln®p-sIm≠v ]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøWw. ({]-Pm) k¥m\-ßsfbpw cmPy-tØbpw
]cn-]m-en-®p-sIm≠v ]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°pIbpw sNø-Ww. ({]-P-\x) hocysØ c£n-°pIbpw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm≠v ]Tn°p-I, ]Tn-∏n-°p-I. ({]-Pm-Xnx) kzk-¥m\ßtfbpw injy- h ¿K- t Øbpw ]cn- ] m- e n- ® psIm≠v ]Tn-°bpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠Xm-Wv.
bam≥ tk-thX kXXav
\ \nb-am≥ tIh-em≥ _p[x 16
bam≥ ]-X-Xy-IpcvhmtWm
\nb-am≥ tIh-em≥ `P≥. 17
X{Xm-lnw-km-k-Xym-kvtX-b{_-“-N-cym-]-cn-{K-lm -b-amx. 18
baw A©p hn[-am-Wv. (A-lnw-k) Hcp PohntbmSpw sshc-an-√m-Xn-cn-°p-I. (k-Xyw) Nn¥bnepw hm°nepw I¿a-Ønepw kXysØ ]men°p-I. (B-kvtX-bw) a\km hmNm I¿aWm
Ifhp Im´m-Xn-cn-°p-I. ({_-“-N-cyw) D]-tÿ{µnb kwb-aw, (A-]-cn-{K-lw) AXym-{K-lhpw
Xt‚sX∂v A`n-am-\-hp-an-√m-Xn-cn-°pI F∂o
A©v ba-ßsf kZm A\p-jvTn-°-Ww.
iuN-k-t¥m-j-X-]x-kzm-[ym-tb-izc{]Wn-[m\m\n \nbamx 19 (iu-Nw) ipNnXzw (k-t¥mjw) {]k-∂-X-tbmsS sXmgn-sem-∂p-an-√m-sXbn-cn-°p-∂-X√, Ign-bp-∂{X ]cn-{i-an®v em`\jvSß
- fp≠m-Ip-tºmƒ B\-µn-°p-Itbm ZpxJn°p-Itbm sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-∂XmWv kt¥m-jw.
(X-]x) IjvS-s∏´pw [m¿anI I¿a-ßf\p-jvTn°p-I. (kzm-[ym-bw) ]Tn-°bpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw
sW-¶n¬ kv{Xo 18 hbkp hscbpw ]pcp-j≥
40 hbkp hsc-bm-sW-¶n¬ kv{Xo 20 hb p
hscbpw ]pcp-j≥ 44 hbkp hsc-bm-sW-¶n¬
kv{Xo 22 hb-kp-h-scbpw ]pcp-j≥ 48 hb-kph-sc-bm-sW-¶n¬ kv{Xo 24 hb-kp-h-scbpw
{_“-Ncyw ]men-°-Ww. 48 hb p Ign-™m¬
]ns∂ ]pcp- j \pw 24 Ign- ™ m¬ ]ns∂
kv{Xobpw {_“-Ncyw A\p-jvTn-t°-s≠-∂¿
Yw. F∂m¬ Cu ]d™ \nbaw hnhmlw
sNøp-hm≥ Dt±-in--°p∂ kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿°p≈-Xm-Wv. hnhmlw sNøm≥ B{K-l-an-√m-Øh¿, Ign-bp-sa-¶n¬ BPo-h-\m¥w {_“-Ncyw
]men- ° p- ∂ Xv \√- X p- X - s ∂- b mWv F∂m¬
]q¿W-ssh-Zp-jyhpw PntX-{µn-b-Xzhpw \n¿a-eamb tbmK-kn-≤nbpw D≈ kv{Xo]p-cp-j∑
- m¿°p
am{Xta CXp km[n-°q. Imam-th-isØ AS°n
C{µnb-ßsf \nb-{¥n®p \n¿Øp-∂Xv AXn
Zpjv°-c-am-Wv.
EXw N kzm[ym-b-{]-h-N-t\ -N.
kXyw N kzm[ym-b-{]hNt\ N.
X]-ivN kzm[ym-b-{]-h-N-t\- N.
Za› kzm[ymb {]h-N-t\ -N.
ia-›- kzm-[ym-b-{]-h-Nt\ N.
A·-b› kzm[ym-b-{]-h-Nt\ N.
A·n-tlm-{X› kzm[ymb {]h-Nt\ N.
AXn-Y-b› kzm[ymb{]hNt\ N.
am\pjw N kzm[ym-b- {]-h-Nt\ N.
{]Pm N kzm[ym-b-{]-h-Nt\ N.
{]P-\› kzm[ym-b-{]-hNt\ N.
{]Pm-Xn› kzm[ymb{]h-Nt\ N.
Cu hmIy-ßƒ ssXØ-co-tbm-]-\n-j-Øn-ep≈- h - b m- W v 15. A[y- b \w sNøp- ∂ - h ¿°pw
A[ym- ] \w sNøp- ∂ - h ¿°p- a p≈ \nbaßfmWn-h. (E-Xw) A[y-b\
- hpw A[ym-]\
- hpw
bYm¿Y-amb BNm-c-tØm-Sp-IqSn sNtø-≠-XmWv. (k-Xyw) kXy-am-N-cn-®p-sIm≠v kXy-hn-ZyI- f - ` y- k n- ° p- I bpw A`y- k n- ∏ n- ° p- I bpw
sNtø≠XmWv . (X- ] x) X]- k zn- b m- b n- c p∂v
([¿am-\p-jvTm\w sNbvXp-sIm-≠v) thZmZn-imkv{Xßƒ ]Tn-°p-I. ]Tn-∏n-°pI (Z-ax) _mtly{µnb-ßsf Zpcm-Nmc-ßfn¬ \n∂v \ntcm-[n®p
\n¿Øn-s°m≠p ]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-I. (i-ax) NnØ-hr-Øn-Isf kI-e-hn-[tZmj-ßfn¬ \n∂pw Zpco-I-cn®v ]Tn-°p-I, ]Tn-
16 a\p-kvar-Xn""\ \nXyw \nb-am¬ _p[x'' F∂p ]mTw
17 a\p-kvar-Xn-˛4.204
18 tbmK-Z¿i\w˛2.30
19 tbmK-Z¿i\w˛2.32
15 ssXØcob D]\n-jXv in£m-h√n A\p. 9.1
37
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
cnjp kwbta bXv \ - a m- X njv t T ZznZzm≥
bt¥h hmPn-\mw. 22 (a-\pkvarXn) a\-knt\bpw Bflm-hn-t\bpw ZpjvIrXy-ßfnte°v
sIm≠p-t]m-Ip∂ hnjb-ßfn¬ hnN-cn-°p∂
C{µnb-ßsf ka¿Y-\mb kmcYn IpXn-c-Isf
]nSn®p \n¿Øp-∂X
- p-t]m-se, \nebv°p \n¿Øp∂-Xn\v F√m {]bXv\-ßfpw sNø-Ww. Fs¥∂m¬˛
C{µn-bmWmw {]kw-tK\ tZmj-ar-—-Xy-kwibw k∂nb-ay Xp Xmt\yh XXx -kn≤nw
\nb-—-Xn 23 (a-\pkvarXn) Pohm-flmhv C{µnbßƒ°v ASn-a-s∏-´p-t]m-bm¬ \n›-b-ambpw
alm-tZmj-ßsf {]m]n-°pw. C{µnb-ßsf kzhi-K-am-°n-bm¬ am{Xta Pohm-flmhv kn≤nsb
{]m]n-°p-I-bp-≈q.
thZm- k v X ym- K › b⁄m› \nb- a m›
X]mw-knN, \ hn-{]-Zp-jvS-`m-h-ky- kn-≤nw- K—-¥n- Icvln-Nn-Xv. 24 Zpcm-Nm-cnbpw C{µnbßfpsS ASn-abpw Bb-h\v thZ-ßƒ, XymKw,
b⁄w, \nb-aw, X]-kv, kXvI¿a-ßƒ Chsbm∂pw Hcn-°epw kn≤n-°p-I-bn-√.
thtZm-]-I-ctW ssNh kzm[ymtb ssNh
ss\XytI \m\p-tcmt[mfkvXy\-[ym-tb- tlma-a-t{¥jp ssNh ln. ss\XytI \mkvXy-\[ymtbm {_“-k{Xw ln XXv kvarXw; {_“mlp-Xn-lpXw ]pWy-a-\-[ymb hj-SvIrXw 25
(a-\pkvarXn) thZ-ßƒ A`y-kn-°p-Ibpw A`ykn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I, kt‘ym-]m-k\ XpSßnb ]©-a-lm-b⁄-ßƒ A\p-jvTn-°p-I,
tlma- a {¥- ß ƒ D®- c n- ° pI F∂n- h bv ° v
apS°w (H-gn-hv-˛-A-h-[n) B{K-ln-°-cp-Xv. Fs¥∂m¬ \nXy-I¿a-ßƒ°v Ah-[n-bn-√. izmtkm—zmk- ß ƒ F√m- b v t ]mgpw sNøp- ∂ p- ≠ v .
AXns\ XS-™p-\n¿Øp-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√.
AXp-t]mse Xs∂ \nXy-I¿a-ßƒ°pw apS°w
]mSn-√. Fs¥-∂m¬, apS-°Z- n-hk-ßfn¬ A·ntlm{Xw XpS-ßnb kXvI¿a-ßƒ sNbvXm¬
AXv ]pWy- a mbn ]cn- W - a n- ° m- X n- c n- ° n- √ .
AkXyw ]d- ™ m¬ ]m]hpw kXyw ]d™m¬ ]pWyhpw F√m-bvt]mgpw D≠m-Ip-∂-
sNøp-I, (Cu-iz-c-{]-Wn-[m-\w) Cuiz-c-t\mSp≈ `‡n-hn-ti-j-Øm¬ kzbw Cuiz-c-ka¿∏Ww sNbvI F∂o A©mWv \nba-ßƒ.
ba-ßfn√msX \nb-a-ßƒ A\p-jvTn-°-cp-Xv.
ba \nb-a-ßƒ c≠n-t\bpw A\p-jvTn-°-Ww.
ba-ßsf XyPn®v \nba-ßƒ am{Xw A\p-jvTn°p-∂-h\v A`yp-Z-b-a-√, At[m-K-Xn-bm-Wp-≠mhp-I.
Imam-flXm \ {]ikvXm \
ssNth-lm-kvXy-Im-aXm;
Imtaym ln thZm-[n-Kax
Icva-tbm-K› sshZn-Ix 20
henb AXym-{K-lhpw Xosc \jvIm-a-Xbpw
B¿°pw t{ijvTa
- √
- . ip≤ta \njvIm-a\
- m-bm¬
thZm-Zn-I-fpsS A[y-b-\hpw sshZnI kXvI¿aßfpsS A\p-jvTm-\hpw \S-°msX hcpw. AXn\m¬˛
kzm[ym-tb\ {hssXcvtlmssa
kvss{Xhn-tZy-t\-Py-bm -kpssXx
alm-bss⁄› bss⁄›
{_m“obw {InbtX X\px. 21
(kzm-[ym-tb-\) kIe hnZy-Ifpw ]Tn-°pIbpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøpI. ({h-ssXx) {_“Ncyw kXy`m- j Ww XpS- ß nb \nba- ß ƒ
]men-°p-I. (tlm-ssax) A·n-tlm{Xw apXemb tlma-ßƒ sNøp-I. kXysØ ssIs°m≈p-I, Ak-XysØ XyPn-°p-I, kXy-hn-ZymZm\w (ss{X-hn-tZy-\) thZ-{]-Xn-]m-Zn-X-amb
I¿tam-]m-k-\, ⁄m\w, hnZym-{K-lWw (C-Pybm) ]£w-tXmdpw sNtø≠ CjvSn apX-embh sNøpI (kp-ssXx) k’-¥m-t\m-Xv]m-Z\w
(a-lm-b-ss⁄x) {_“-b⁄w tZh-b-⁄w,
]nXr-b⁄w sshiz-tZhw AXn-Yn-]qP F∂o
]©- a - l m- b ⁄- ß sf A\p- j v T n- ° p- I . (bss⁄x) A·n-jvtSmaw XpS-ßnb A[zc-ßfpw
inev]-hn-Zym-hn-⁄m\w apX-emb b⁄-ßfpw
\S-Øp-I. F∂o I¿a-ßsfs°m≠v \ΩpsS
icocw {_m“n-˛-A-Yhm thZ-Øn-s‚bpw Cuizc-`-‡n-bp-sSbpw B[m-c-amb {_m“-W-i-co-cambn `hn-°p-∂p. C∏-d-™h apgp-h-\p-an-√msX
{_m“-W-i-cocw kw`-hy-a-√.
C{µn-bmWmw hnN-cXmw hnj-tbjz]-lm-
22 a\pkvarXn 2.88
23 a\pkvarXn 2.93
24 a\pkvarXn 2.97
25 a\pkvarXn 2.105-˛106
20 a\pkvarXn 2.2
21 a\pkvarXn 2.28
38
aq∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
Xp-t]mse Xs∂ ZpjvIrXy-ßƒ sNøp-∂-Xn\v
F√m-bvt]mgpw apS-°hpw kXvI¿a-ßƒ apS-°an-√msX A\p-jvTn-t°-≠-Xp-am-Wv.
A`n-hm-Z-\-io-eky \nXyw hrt≤m-]-tkhn\x; NXzm-cn- Xky hcv≤t¥ Bbp¿hnZym
btim _ew 26 (a-\pkvarXn) hn\-b-ap≈
s]cp-am-‰w, hnZym-hr-≤-∑msc ip{iq-jn-°pI
F∂o kz`mh- ß fp≈- h \v Bbp- k v , hnZy,
Io¿Øn, _ew F∂o \mepw kZm h¿≤n-®psIm≠n-cn-°pw. A√m-Øh
- \v Ah \mepw h¿≤n°p-I-bn-√.
Alnw-k-ssbh `qXm\mw Imcyw t{itbmf\p-im-k\w; hmIv ssNh a[p-cm-«£vWm
{]tbmPym [cva-an-—Xm bky hmMva-\tk 27
ipt≤ kay§p]v-t-X N kcvhZm k ssh kcvh-a-hm-]vt\mXn thZm-t¥m-]-KXw êw. 28
(a-\pkvarXn) hnZzm-∑mcpw hnZym¿Yn-Ifpw sshc_p-≤nsb XyPn-®v, kI-e¿°pw awK-f-I-c-amb
am¿K-ßƒ D]-tZ-in-°-Ww. A-ßs\ D]t-Z-in°p- ∂ Xv kuay- a mbpw a[p- c - a mbpw Bbncn°Ww. [¿a-Øns‚ D∂Xn B{K-ln-°p-∂h¿ kZm kXy-]-Y-Øn¬ Ncn-°p-Ibpw kXyw
am{Xw D]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw sNøWw. ip≤hpw
kpc-£n-X-hp-amb hm°pw a\kpw D≈-h≥
thZm- ¥ - s Ø- ˛ - A - Y hm thZ- ß fpsS- s b√mw
kn≤m-¥-`q-X-amb ê-sØ-˛-{]m-]n-°p-∂p.
kΩm-\mZv {_m“tWm \nXy-ap-Zzn-tPX
hnjm-Znh Aar-X-tkyh NmImMvt£-Z-h-am\ky kcvh-Zm. 29 A\y-∑m-cn¬\n∂p e`n°p∂ _lp-am-\sØ kZm hnj-Xpeyw `bs∏-Sp-Ibpw A]-am-\sØ Aar-X-Xpeyw Icp-XpIbpw sNøp∂ {_m“-W≥ am{Xta Cuiz-cs\bpw thZ-ßsfbpw ]q¿W-ambn Adn-bp-Ibp-≈q.
At\\ {Ia- t bm- t K\ kwkv I r- X mflm
ZznPx iss\x; Kpcu- h - k ≥ kwNn- \ p- b mZv
{_“m-[n-K-anIw X]x. 30 C-ßs\ D]-\-bn®v
ZznP-\m-°nb _v“Nm-cn-bmb Ipam-c\pw {_“Nm-cn-Wn-bmb I\y-Ibpw thZm¿Y-⁄m-\-cq-]-
amb DØ-a-X-]- ns\ {ItaW B¿Pn®v h¿≤n∏n-°-Ww.
tbmf\-[oXy ZzntPm thZ-a-\y{X IpcptX
{iaw k Poh- t ∂h ip{Z- X z- a mip K—Xn
km\zbx 31 thZm[y-b\w sNømsX CXc
hnjb-ßfn¬ ]cn-{iaw \S-Øp∂ ]pcp-j≥
Xs‚ ]p{X-]u-{X-∑m-tcmSp IqSn iq{Z-XzsØ
io{Lw {]m]n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
1. hcv P - t b- ∑ [pamwk© K‘w ameyw
ckm≥ kv{Xnbx ip‡m-\n- bm\n kcvhmWn
{]mWn\mw ssNh lnwk\av
2. A`y-MvK-a-RvP\w Nm£vtWm-cp-]m-\-—{X-[-mc-Ww, Imaw t{Im[w N tem-`wN \cvØ
\w KoX-hm-Z\av
3. ZyqXw N P\-hmZw N ]cn-hmZw XYmf\r
Xav kv{XoWmw N t{]£Wm-ew-`-ap-]-LmXw
]cky N.
4. GIx iboX k¿h{X \ tcXx kvIµtbXv Iz-NnXv, Imam≤n kvIµ-b≥tctXm
ln\kvXn {hX-am-fl-\x 32
1. {_“-Nm-cnbpw {_“-Nm-cn-Wnbpw aZyw,
amwkw,. kpK-‘-{Zhy-ßƒ, ame, ck-ßƒ
kv{Xo]p-cp-j-kw-K-aw, ]pfn-bp≈ hkvXp-°ƒ,
P¥p-lnw-k,
2) Xncp-Ω¬, Imc-W-an-√msX D]tÿ-{µn-bkv]¿i-\w, IsÆ-gp-Øv, sNcp-∏v, IpS, Imaw,
t{Im[w, tem`w, tamlw, `bw, timIw,
Cu¿jy, tZzjw, \rØw, kwKo- X w, hmZytLmjw
3) NqXp-I-fn, ]c-Zq-j-Ww, ]c-`m-j-Ww, AkXy-`m-jW
- w, kv{Xo]p-cp-j∑
- m-cpsS ]c-kv]c
- a
- p≈
Z¿i- \ - k v ] ¿i\- ß ƒ, ]c- ] oU apX- e mb
ZpjvI¿a-ßƒ, F∂n-h-sb√mw XyPn-°-Ww.
4) GIm-In-bmbn Xs∂ InS-∂pd-ßWw. Hcn°epw ip¢sØ kvJen-∏n®p If-b-cp-Xv. Imaw
\nanØw hocysØ kvJen-∏n-°p-∂-h≥, Ifbp-∂-h≥ Xs‚ {_“-N-cy-{h-XsØ \in∏n-°ps∂-∂-dn-b-Ww.
thZ-a\q-Nym-Nm-tcymf-t¥-hm-kn-\-a-\pim
kvXn. kXyw hZ. [cvaw Nc. kzm[ym-bm∑m
26 a\pkvarXn 2.121
27 a\p-kvar-Xn-bn¬ hmMva-\kn F∂mWv ]mTw
28 a\p-kvar-Xn 2.159 & 160
29 a\p-kvar-Xn 2.162
39
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
a‰pw sNø-cp-Xv. R-ßfn¬ kXvkz-`mh-ßfp≈hsb kzoI-cn-°p-I. Zpxkz-`mh-ßsf Hcn-°epw
kzoI-cn-°-cp-Xv. Rß-fpsS Iq´-Øn-ep≈ hnZzm∑mcpw [¿an-jvT-cp-amb hn{]-t{i-jvT-∑m-cpsS
ASp-°¬ sN∂n-cn-°p-Ibpw Ahsc hniz-kn°p-Ibpw sNøp-I. {i≤-tbm-Sp-IqSn Zm\w sImSp°-Ww. A{i-≤-tbm-Sp-IqSn Zm\w sNø-Ww. apJ{]-kmZ-tØm-Sp-IqSn sImSp-°-Ww. e÷-tbm-SpIqSn sImSp-°-Ww. `b-tØm-Sp-IqSn sImSp-°Ww. {]Xn-⁄-tbm-Sp-IqSnbpw sImSp-°-Ww. \nßƒ°v Ft∏m-sg-¶nepw I¿a-Øn-tem, BNm-cØn-tem, D]m-k-\-bn-tem, hn⁄m-\-Øntem
h√ kwi-b-hpw-D-≠m-bm¬ ka-Z¿in-Ifpw ]£]m-X-c-ln-X-cpw, tbmKn-I-tfm, Atbm-Kn-Itfm
Bbn-´p-≈h
- cpw B¿{Z-Nn-Øcpw [¿am-flm-°fpw
[¿an- j vSTcp- a m- b - h ¿
kzoI- c n- ° p∂
[¿aam¿KsØ Ah- e w- _ n- ® p- s Im- ≈ - W w.
CXmWv B⁄, CXmWv D]-tZ-iw, CXp-X-s∂bmWv thZ-Øns‚ D]-\n-j-Øv, CXp-X-s∂bmWv in£-W-hpw, CXp-X-s∂-bmWv s]cp-am‰ 34 kwln-X-bpw. Ah-\-hs‚ s]cp-am-‰sØ
ip≤o-I-cn°p-hm-\p≈ am¿K-hpw.
AIm-aky {Inbm ImNnZv ZriytX t\l
Icvln-NnXv. bZy≤n IpcptX In©nXv XØXv
Imaky tNjvSn-Xav. 35
\njv I m- a - \ mb ]pcp- j s‚ t\{X- ß ƒ°v
kt¶m-N-hn-Imk-ßƒ D≠m-hpI Akw-`m-hyam-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Bsc-¶nepw Fs¥-¶nepw
{]h¿Øn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ AsX√mw kIm-aamb (C-—-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b) tNjvS-I-fm-Wv. C—-bn√msX {]hr-Øn-bn-√.
BNmc ]ctam [cvax {ipXyp‡x kvamcv
Ø Gh N. Xkvam-Z-kvan\vkZm bpt‡m \n
Xyw kymZm-fl-hm≥ ZznPx. BNm-cmZzn-NyptXm
hnt{]m \ thZ-^-e-a-iv\ptX, BNm-tc-W Xp
kwbp‡x kºqcvW-^-e-`m-Kv `-th-Xv 36
]d-bpI, tIƒ°p-I, ]d-™p-tIƒ∏n-°p-I,
]Tn-∏n-°p-I, CXn-s‚-sb√mw êw thZ-ßfnepw
thZm-\p-Iq-e-amb kvarXn-I-fnepw {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n´p-≈, [¿a-ßsf BN-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXn-\m¬
{]aZx. BNm-cymb {]nbw [\-am-lrXy {]PmX¥pw am hy-h-t—Xvkox kXym∂ {]aZn
Xhyw. [cvam∂ {]a-Zn-Xhyw. Ipi-em∂ {]aZn-X-hyw. `qssXy \ {]a-Zn-X-hyw. kzm[ymb
{]h-N-\m`ymw \ {]a-Zn-Xhyw. tZh-]n-Xr-Imcym`ymw \ {]a-Zn-Xhyw.
amXr-tZ-thm- `h ]nXr-tZ-thm- `h BNm-cytZ-thm- `h AXnYn tZthm `h bm\y-\h
- Z- ym\n
IcvamWn Xm\n tkhnX hym\n t\m CXcmWn, bm\y-kvamIw kpN-cn-Xm\n Xm\n
Xztbm-]m-kym\n t\m CX-cm-Wn. tb tI
Nmkv a t—bmwtkm {_m“- W m- k v t Xjmw
Xzbm-k-t\\ {]iz-kn-Xhyw, {i≤bm tZbw
A{i≤-bm tZbw. {inbm tZbw, {lnbm tZbw,
`nbm tZbw, kwhnZm tZbw, AY bZn tX
I¿a-hn-Nn-In’m hm hrØ-hn-Nn-In’m hm
kymXv. tb X{X {_m“Wmx kaZcvint\m
bp‡m Abp‡m Aeq£m [cva-Imamx kyp
cyYm tX X{X hcvtØ-c≥. XYm X{X hcvtØ
Ymx Gj BtZi (Gj D]-tZi) Gjm
thtZm]\n-j-Xv. GX-Z\p-im-k-\w. Gh-ap-]mkn-Xhyw Gh-ap-ssN-X-Zp-]mkyw. 33
BNm-cy≥ Xs‚ At¥-hm-kn-I-fmb injy∑m¿°pw injy-Iƒ°pw-˛-\¬tI≠ D]-tZ-i-amWn-Xv˛ F√mbvt]mgpw kXyw ]d-bp-I. [¿aw
BN-cn-°p-I. ZØ-Nn-Ø-\m-bn-cp∂v A[y-\hpw
A[ym-b-]-\hpw sNøpI. ]q¿W-amb {_“-Ncy- t Øm- S p- I qSn kI- e - h n- Z y- I fpw A`y- k n®v
BNm-cy\v CjvS-amb [\w D]-lmcw \¬Inbn-´v, hnhmlw sNbvXv k¥m-t\m¬]m-Z\w \SØpI. {]amZw (A-{i-≤) sIm≠v Hcn-°epw
kXysØ XyPn-°-cp-Xv. {]am-Z-Øm¬ [¿asØ
Dt]-£n-°-cp-Xv. {]am-Z-Øm¬ Btcm-Kyhpw
NmXp-cyhpw ssIhn-S-cp-Xv. DØ-a-amb sFizcyw
h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂-Xnepw {]amZw hc-cp-Xv. {]am-ZwsIm≠v A[y-b-\m-[ym-]\-ßsf Hcn-°epw
XyPn-°-cp-Xv. tZh-∑m-cpsS (hn-Zzm-∑m-cp-sS)bpw
amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cp-sSbpw ip{iq-j-bn¬ {]amZw
hc-cp-Xv. hnZzm-∑msc Bcm-[n-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse
Xs∂ A—-\-Ω-am-tcbpw Kpcp-hn-t\bpw AXnYn-tbbpw F√m-bvt]mgpw ]qPn-°p-I. \ntj-[an-√m-ØXpw [¿a-bp-‡-hp-amb kXvI¿a-ßƒ
sNøp-I. hn]-co-X-amb anYym-kw-`m-jWßfpw
34 thZ-Øns‚ D]-\n-jXv = thZ-Øns‚ ASp-Øp\n∂p e`n-°p∂ ⁄m\w
35 a\pkvarXn 2.4
36 a\p-kvar-Xn 1.108 ˛ 109
33 ssXØcob D]\n-jXv in£m-h√n 11.1-˛4
40
aq∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
∂m¬ [¿am-[¿a-ßsf thZ-Øn¬\n-∂p-am-{Xta
icn-bmbn \nivN-bn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bq.
BNm-cy≥ Xs‚ injy-∑m¿°v C-ßs\ D]tZiw \¬I- W w. hnti- j n®v cmPm- ° - ∑ m¿,
a‰p≈ £{Xn-b-∑m¿, sshiy-∑m¿, DØ-a-cmb
iq{Z-∑m¿ F∂n-h-tcbpw hnZym-`ymkw sNøn°-Ww. Fs¥-∂m¬, {_m“-W¿ am{Xw hnZym`ymkw sNøp-Ibpw £{Xn-bcpw a‰pw hnZym`ymkw shSn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ hnZy, [¿aw,
cmPyw, [\w apX-em-b-h-sbm∂pw Hcn-°epw
A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. {_m“-W¿ am{Xw ]Tn°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°pIbpw sNbvXm¬ Ah¿°v
£{Xn-bm-Zn-I-fn¬ \n∂v D]-Po-h-\-am¿Kw t\Sn
Poh-k‘
- m-cWw sNøm-sa-¶nepw {_m“-W¿ Aßs\ D]-Po-h-\-Øn\v ASn-a-s∏-´v, £{Xn-bmZn-Isf th≠pw hÆw imkn®p in£n-°m-Xncp-∂m¬ {_m“-W-cpƒs∏sS kI-ecpw A[¿aØn¬ s]´p-t]m-Ipw. £{Xn-bm-Zn-Iƒ°pw hnZym`ymkw e`n®m¬ {_m“-Wcpw hnZym-`ymkw
sNøp-∂-Xnepw [¿am-\p-jvTm-\-Ønepw A[nIw
PmK-cq-I-cm-Ipw. IqSmsX hnZzm-∑m-cmb £{Xnbm-Zn-If
- psS apºn¬ hymPhpw Im]-Syhpw ImWn°p-hm≥ {_m“-W¿°p km[n-°p-I-bp-an-√.
£{Xn-bcpw a‰pw Adnhpw ]Tn-∏pw C√m-Ø-hcm-bm¬ {_m“-W¿ X∂njvSw sNøp-Ibpw
sNøn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. t{ib- p-≠m-IW
- sa∂v
{_m“- W ¿ B{K- l n- ° p- ∂ p- s ≠- ¶ n¬ Ah¿
£{Xn-bm-Zn-I-sfbpw ]Wn-s∏´pXs∂ thZmZn
imkv{X-ßf`y-kn-∏n-°W
- w. hnZy, [¿aw, cmPyw,
kº-Øv, F∂n-hsb h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂Xv £{Xnbm-Zn-I-fm-Wv. Ah¿ Hcn-°epw `n£m-hr-Øn-°mc-√. AXn-\m¬ Ah¿ hnZym-`ym-k-hn-j-b-Øn¬
kzbw {i≤-bp-≈-h-c-√. hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\pw
in£WØn\pw k¿h{X {]Nmcw kn≤n-®m¬
hymPhpw A[¿ahpw \nd™ Im]Sy-ßsf
B¿°pw {]N-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ km[n-°p-I-bn-√.
£{Xn-bm-Zn-Isf [¿aw, \ymbw F∂n-h-bpsS
hgn-bn-eqsS k©-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv {_m“-W-cpw,
k\ym-kn-am-cp-am-sW-∂pw, {_m“-W¿, k\ymkn- a m¿ F∂n- h sc \ymb- a mb am¿K- Ø n¬
{]h¿Øn-∏n-°p-∂Xv £{Xn-bm-Zn-If
- pamsW∂pw
CXn¬ \n∂p kn≤n-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ kv{Xo]pcp-j-t`Zw IqSmsX Fhn-sSbpw hnZym-`ym-kw,
[¿aw F∂n-hsb AXym-h-iy-ambpw {]N-cn-∏n°-Ww.
[¿am- \ p- j v S m- \ - Ø n¬ kZm Xev ] - c - \ m- b n- c n°Ww. 2) [¿asØ bYm-hn[n A\p-jvTn-°mØ-h\v thZ-{ ]-X n-] m-Z nX [¿a-Øn¬ \n∂p
≠mIp∂ kpJêw e`y-a-√. hnZym-`ymkw
Ign®v [¿am-N-cWw sNøp-∂-h-\t{X kºq¿Æ
kpJsØ {]m]n-°p-∂-Xv.
tbmf-h-a-t\yX tX aqte tlXp-im-kv{Xm{i-bmZv ZznPx. k km[p-`ncv_-ln-jvImtcym
\mkvXntIm thZ-\n-µ-Ix 37
thZ-ßtfbpw, thZm-\p-Iq-e-ßfpw B]vX-]pcp-j-∑m¿ Fgp-Xn-b-Xp-amb imkv{X-ßtfbpw
\nµn°p∂ \mkvXn-I-∑m-cmb thZ-\n-µ-Isc
\mń¬ \n∂pw, PmXn-bn¬ \n∂pw Iq´-Øn¬
\n∂pw ]pdw-X-f-f-Ww. Fs¥-∂m¬˛
{ipXnx 38 kvarXnx kZm-Nmcx kzky N
{]nb- a m- fl - \ x˛ GX- ® - X pcv h n[w {]mlpx
km£m≤¿ aky e£-Wav 39
thZw, kvarXn-˛-th-Zm\p-km-cnbpw B]vX-c-NnX-hp-amb a\p-kvarXn apX-emb imkv{X-ßƒ,
\√-hc
- psS BNmc-ßƒ, k\m-X\-ßƒ, AYhm
thZ-ßfn¬ Cuizcm-\p-im-k\w sNbvX I¿aßƒ, Bflmhn\v {]nb-amb˛B-flmhv F¥ns\
B{K-ln-°p-∂pthm AXv, kXy-`m-j-WmZn-Iƒ˛
Cu \mepw [¿a-Øns‚ e£W-ßfmIp-∂p.
[¿am-[¿a-ßsf Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Afhp- t Im¬ Ch- b m- W v . ]£- ] mXw IqSmsX
\ymbw, kXyw, F∂nh kzoI-cn-®v, Ak-XysØ
XyPn-°p-∂-Xt{X icn-bmb [¿aw. CXn\v hncp≤-ambn ]£-]m-X-tØm-Sp-IqSn A\ym-bw, AkXyw, F∂n-hsb kzoI-cn®v kXy-\o-Xn-Isf
XyPn-°p-∂Xv A[¿a-hp-am-Wv.
AcvY-Im-ta-jz-k-‡m\mw [cva-⁄m\w
hn[o-btX [cva-Pn-⁄m-k-am-\m\mw {]amWw
]caw {ipXnx 40
A¿Y-Øn\pw (kz¿Ww, cXv\-ßƒ apX-emb-h) Ima-Øn\pw (kv{Xo tkh apX-em-b-h)
ASn-as
- ∏-Sm-Øh
- \p am{Xta [¿a-⁄m\w D≠mIp-∂p-≈q. [¿a-⁄m\w C—n-°p-∂-h≥ thZØn¬ \n∂v AXns\ \n¿W-bn-°-Ww. Fs¥37 a\p-kvar-Xn 2.11
38 a\p-kvar-Xn-bn¬ thZx F∂p ]mTw
39 a\p-kvar-Xn 2.12
40 a\p-kvarXn 2.13.
41
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
kw⁄bv ° pw kw⁄n°pw XΩn- e p- ≠ mb
_‘-Øn¬ \n∂p-f-hm-bXv BI-cp-Xv. Hcp-h≥
as‰m-cp-h-t\mSv "'sh≈w sIm≠p-hcq'' F∂p
]d-bp-∂p. Ah≥ sh≈w sIm≠p-h∂v AcnIØp h®v, "'CXm -sh≈w'' F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
ChnsS sh≈w F∂ c≠- £ c- ß fS- ß nb
kw⁄sb sh≈w sIm≠p-h-∂-h\pw AXv
Bh-iy-s∏-´-h\pw Imäm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√.
sh≈w F∂ ]Zw GsXmcp hkv X p- h ns‚
t]cmtWm B hkvXp-hns‚ {]Xy-£Pv-Rm\amWv D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. i_vZ-P-\y-amb ⁄m\w
i_vZ-{]-am-W-Øn\v hnj-b-am-Wv. {]Xy£w
Ahy-`n-Nm-cn-bp-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. Hcp-h≥ cm{Xn-ka-bØv Hcp ac-°p‰n I≠v a\p-jy-\m-sW∂p
\n›-bn-®p. ]n∂oSv ]I¬k-a-bØp ho≠pw
AXp I≠-t∏mƒ cm{Xn Ah-\p-≠mb ac-°p‰n
a\p- j y\m sW∂p≈ {àw \in- ® p- t ]m- b n.
AsXmcp ac-°p-‰n-bm-sW∂ ⁄m\w Xs∂
ho≠pw D≠m-bn. C-ßs\ \in-®p-t]m-Ip∂
PvRm-\-sØ-bmWv hy`n-Nmcn F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv. A{]-Im-c-ap≈ ⁄m\hpw {]Xy-£-a-√.
{]Xy£w hyh-km-bm-fl-I-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. Hcph≥ AIse \n∂p- s Im≠v Hcp ]pg- b nse
aW¬Øn-´-I-≠v, ""AhnsS ap≠p-W-°m≥ hncn®n-cn-°tbm? AtXm sh≈w sIń \n¬°pItbm! As√-¶n¬ thsd h√-Xptam?'' F∂p
tNmZn- ° p- ∂ p. AXp- t ]m- s e- X s∂ AIse
\n¬°p∂ ]pcp-j-s\-°-≠v, "" Ah≥ tZh-ZØt\m b⁄-ZØ
- t\m'' F∂p kwi-bn-°p-∂p.
Ch \n›n-X-am-Ip-∂-Xp-hsc {]Xy-£-⁄m-\a√ Ahy-]-tZ-iy-hpw, Ahy-`n-Nm-cnbpw \n›-bmfl-I-hp-amb ⁄m\w am{Xta {]Xy-£-sa∂
t]cn\v A¿l-am-Ip-∂p-≈q.
c≠m-a-tØXv A\p-am-\-am-Wv.
AY XXv]qcvhIw {Xnhn-[-a-\p-am\w
]qcvh-h-t—jh-Xv km-am-\ytXm ZrjvS©
(\ym-b.1.1.5) {]Xy-£]
-- q¿h-I-amb ⁄m\amWv
A\p-am-\w. GsX-¶nepw ÿe-Øp-h®v Ft∏msg-¶nepw ]q¿W-amb Hcp hkvXp-hn-s\tbm
As√-¶n¬ AXns‚ Hcp `mK-tØtbm {]Xy£-ambn I≠-dn™ Hcp-h≥, Imem-¥-c-Øn¬
as‰mcp ÿe-Øp-h®v B ]q¿W]-Zm¿Y-Øns‚
kl-Nm-cn-bm-bn-cn-°p∂ Hcp `mKw I≠p-ap-´ptºmƒ AZr-iy-amb Ah-b-hn-bpsS ⁄m\w
Abmƒ°p-≠m-Ip-∂p. AXn-s\-bmWv A\p-
]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv
hnjb-ßsf \√-hÆw ]co-£n®p t\m°n-bXn-\p-tijw thWw. ]co£ A©p-hn-[-ap-≠v.
H∂m-at- Ø-X˛v Cuiz-cs‚ KpW-I¿a-kz-`mhßƒ°pw thZ- ß ƒ°pw A\p- I q- e - a m- b sX√mw kXyhpw A√m-Ø-sX√mw Ak-Xyhp-am-Wv.
c≠m-a-tØ-Xv˛ krjvSn-{I-a-Øn-\-\p-Iq-e-amb-sX√mw kXyhpw hncp-≤-am-b-sX√mw AkXyhpw BIp- ∂ p. amXm- ] n- X m- ° - ∑ m- c psS
kwtbmKw IqSmsX ]p{X≥ P\n®p F∂p ]dbp-∂Xv krjvSn-{I-a-Øn\p hncp-≤-am-I-bm¬
Ak-Xy-am-bn-cn°pw F∂Xv DZm-l-c-Ww.
aq∂m-a-tØ-Xv˛ B]vX-∑m-cpsS ˛A-Xm-bXv
[m¿an-I-∑m-cpw, hnZzm-∑mcpw kX-y-hm-Zn-Ifpw
\njvI]
- S- ∑
- m-cp-am-bh
- c
- p-sS˛ {]hr-Øn-Iƒ°pw
D]- t Zi- ß ƒ°pw A\p- I q- e - a m- b - s X√mw
{Kmlyhpw AXn\p hncp- ≤ - a m- b - s X√mw
XymPy-hp-am-Wv.
\me-at- Ø-Xv˛ Ah-\h
- s‚ Adn-hn-\pw, a\xkm-£n°pw \nc-°p-∂Xp am{Xta A\p-jvTn°m-hq. Ah-\-h\v kpJw CjvShpw, ZpxJw
A\n-jvS-hp-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse a‰p-≈h¿°pw kpJw CjvShpw, ZpxJw A\n-jvS-hpam-Wv.
A©m-at- Ø-Xv˛ {]Xy-£w, A\p-am-\w, D]am-\w, i_vZw, sFXn-lyw, A¿Ym-]-Øn,
kw`hw, A`mhw F∂o F´v {]amW-ßfmWv
{]Xy-£m-Zn-{]-amW-ßfpsS e£Ww ]d-bp-∂,
Xmsg-sIm-Sp-°p∂ kq{X-ßƒ \ymb-Z¿i-\Øns‚ H∂pw c≠pw A[ymb-ßfnte-Xm-Wv.
C{µn-bmcvY-k-∂n-IcvtjmXv]∂w ⁄m\-ahy-]t- Z-iy-ah
- y-`n-Nmcn hyh-km-bm-flIw {]Xy
£av (\ym-bZ¿i\w. A[ymbw 1. B”nIw 1.
kq{Xw 4.)
H∂m-a-tØ-Xv {]Xy£w
sNhn, Xz°v, IÆv, \m°v, aq°v F∂o C{µnbßƒ°v i_vZw, kv]¿iw, cq]w ckw, K‘w
F∂o ]Zm¿Y-ßtfmSv Ahy-h-ln-X-amb Bhc-W-c-ln-X-amb _‘hpw C{µnb-ßƒ°v a\kn- t \mSpw a\- k n\v Bflm- h n- t \m- S p- a p≈
kwtbm- K hpw D≠m- I p- t ºmƒ P\n- ° p∂
⁄m\sØ {]Xy£w F∂p ]d- b p- ∂ p.
F∂m¬ B ⁄m\w hy]- t Ziyw AYhm
42
aq∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
]Zm¿Y-Øns‚ km[¿ayw sIm≠p]pXp-Xmbn
Adn-tb≠ hkvXp-hns‚ ⁄m\-ap-≠m-°p∂
{]am-W-amWv D]-am-\w. ""D]-ao-btX tb\ XZp]-am-\w-'' Hcp-h≥ Hcp `rXy-t\mSv "'\o hnjvWpan-{Xs\ hnfn-®p-sIm-≠phm'' F∂p ]d-™p.
At∏mƒ `rXy≥, ""Rm≥ Abmsf Hcn-°epw
I≠n-ń-√t√m'' F∂p adp-]Sn ]d-™t- ∏mƒ ""Cu
\n¬°p∂ tZh- Z - Ø - s \- t ∏m- s e- b mWv B
hnjvWp-an-{X≥'' F∂v bP-am-\≥ hni-Zo-I-cn-®p.
Abmƒ sN∂v tZh-Z-Ø-s\-t∏m-sem-cp-hs\
I≠v, ""Cbm-fmWv hnjvWp-an-{X≥'' F∂p \n›bn®v Abm-sf Iqń-s°m-≠p-h-∂p. \oe-°mf
F∂p t]¿ ]d-bp∂ arKw ]ip-hn-s\-t∏m-sebp≈XmsW∂p tI´-dn-hp-≈-bmƒ Imń¬ ]iphn-s\-t∏m-se-bp≈ Hcp arKsØ ImWp-Ibpw
""CXmWv \oe-°mf'' F∂p Xocp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. CØcw kmZr-iy-PvRm-\-amWv D]-am\w.
\mem-a-tØXv i_vZ-{]-am-W-am-Ip-∂p.
B]vtXm-]-tZix i_vZx. (\ym-b. 1.1.7) ]cn]q¿W- ] m- W v U nXyw kn≤n- ® , [¿am- fl mhpw
]tcm-]-Im-cn-bpw, kXy-hm-Znbpw ]ucp-j-ap-≈h\pw C{µnb-ßsf Iog-S-°n-b-h\pw X\n°p
kn≤n® Adn-hn-t\bpw kpJw e`n® hgn-Itfbpw a‰p-≈-h¿°p a\-kn-em-°n-s°m-Sp-°-Wsa-∂p≈ B{K-la
- p-≈h
- \pw a\p-jy-cp-sS-sb√mw
t{ib- n-\mbn ]rYn-hn-sXm´v Cuiz-c≥ hscbpff kIe ]Zm¿Y- ß fpsSbpw ⁄m\w
kºm-Zn-®v, D]-tZi-ßƒ \¬Ip-∂-h-\p-amb
alm-]p-cp-j-\mWv B]vX≥. B]vX∑
-- mcpsS D]tZi-ßfpw kºq¿W B]v-X-\mb Cuiz-c≥
D]t-Z-in® thZ-ßfpamWv i_vZ-{]-am-Ww.
A©m-a-tØXv sFXn-ly-am-Ip-∂p.
\ NXp-jvSv-hssa-Xn-lymcvYm-]-Øn-kw-`-hm`mhm {]mamWymXv. (\ym-b. 2.2.1) CXn l F∂Xn\v CXv C{]-Imcw Bbn-cp∂p F∂¿Yw.
Ah≥ A{]-Im-c-sa√mw {]h¿Øn®p F∂p ]dbp∂ {]amWw, AXm-bXv Hcp-hs‚ Poh-N-cn{X-amWv sFXn-lyw.
Bdm-a-tØXv A¿Ym-]-Øn-bm-Ip-∂p.
""AcvYmZm-]-ZytX km AcvYm-]-Ønx. tI\Nn-Zp-NytX: kXvkpLt\jp hrjvSnx kXn
ImctW Imcyw `h-XoXn Ina{X {]k-Py-tX.
AkXv k p Lt\jp hrjv S nckXn Imc-
am\w F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. ]p{Xs\ ImWp-tºmƒ
Ah\v ]n-Xm-hp-s≠-∂pw, ae-ap-I-fn¬ ]pI
ImWp-tºmƒ AhnsS Xobp-s≠-∂pw, temIØnse kpJZpxJ-ßƒ ImWp-tºmƒ ]q¿hP∑w Ds≠∂pw Adn- b p- ∂ Xv A\p- a m\w
sIm≠m-Wv. A\p-am\w aq∂p {]Im-c-Øn-ep-≠v.
1 ]q¿h-h-Xv
Im¿taLw ImWptºmƒ ag-bp-≠m-Ip-sa-∂pw,
hnhmlw I≠n´v k¥mt\mev]Øn D≠m-Ipsa-∂pw, hnZym¿Ynsb I≠n´v Ah\v hnZym-em`w
D≠m-Ip-sa∂pw \n›-bn-°p-∂Xv A\p-am-\-Ømem-Wv. C-ßs\ Imc-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw ImcyØns‚ ⁄m\w D≠m-Ip-∂n-S-sØ√mw ""]q¿hhXv'' F∂ A\p-am\w _m[-I-am-Wv.
2 tij-h-Xv
Imcyw I≠n´v Imc-WØ
- ns‚ ⁄m\w D≠mIp-∂-XmWv tij-h-Z-\p-am-\w. ]pg-bn¬ sh≈s∏m°w I≠n´v D]-cn-`m-K-Øp-≠mb ag-tb-bpw,
]p{Xs\ I≠v ]nXm-hn-s\-bpw, temI-krjvSn
I≠n´v AXn\v A\m- Z n- b mb Imc- W hpw
I¿Øm-hmb Cuiz-c-\p-ap-s≠-∂pw, kpJ-ZpxJßƒ I≠n´v ]pWy-]m]-ßƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°psa∂pw A\p-am-\n-°p-∂-Xns\ tij-h-Z-\p-am\w
F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
3 kam-\ytXm ZrjvSw
Imcy-Im-c-W-`mhw C√mØ c≠p ]Zm¿Yßƒ°v ]c- k v ] - c - a p≈ GsX- ¶ n- e p- s amcp
km[¿aysØ am{Xw Bkv]-Z-am°n A\p-am\n-°p-∂-Xn\v "kma-\y-tXm-ZrjvSw' F∂p ]dbp-∂p. \S-°pI F∂ {Inb IqSmsX Hcn-S-Øp\n∂v as‰m- c n- S - t Ø°v Hcp- h \v FØp- h m≥
km[n-°p-I-bn-√. AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂, a‰p-≈h¿°pw Hcn-S-Øp-\n∂p as‰m-cn-S-sØ-Øp-hm≥
\S-°msX Ign-bp-I-bn√ F∂-\p-am-\n-°p-∂Xns\ kmam-\y-tXm-ZrjvSw F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
A\p-am-\-Øns‚ A¿Yw˛ ""A\p AcvYmXv
{]Xy-£ky ]›m-∑o-btX ⁄mbtX tb\
XZ-\p-am\w'' {]Xy-£-⁄m-\-Øn\p tijw
D≠m- I p∂ ⁄m\w [qa- Ø ns‚ {]Xy- £ ⁄m\w IqSmsX A{]-Xy-£-amb A·nsb
A\p-am-\n-°p-hm≥ km[y-a-√-t√m.
aq∂m-a-tØXv D]-am-\-am-Ip-∂p.
{]kn-≤-km-[cvaym-’m-[y-km-[-\-ap-]-am-\w.
(\ymb. 1.1.6) apºv {]Xy-£-ambn Adn™
43
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
tW(N) Imcyw \ `hXn'' Hcmƒ CX-c-t\mSp
]d-bp-∂p."taL-ßƒ D≈-t∏mƒ ag D≠m-Ip∂p.
ImcWw D≠m-Ip-tºmƒ Imcyw D≠m-Ip∂p.''
CXn¬ \n∂v thsdmcp kwK-Xn, FSp-Øp-]-dbmsX Xs∂ a\-kn-em-Ip-∂p-≠v. taL-an-s√¶n¬ ag-bp-≠m-hn-s√-∂pw, ImcWw IqSmsX Hcn°epw Imcyw D≠m-hn-s√-∂p-am-W-Xv. CXns\
A¿Ym-]Øn F∂p ]dbp-∂p.
Ggm-a-tØXv kw`-h-am-Ip-∂p.
""kw`-hXn bkvan≥ k kw`hx'' ""A—-\Ω-am-cn-√msX k¥m-\-ap-≠m-bn. At±lw acn®-hs\ Pohn-∏n®p. ae-sb-SpØp s]m¥n-®p. ISen-\p-aotX Icn-¶√p ]Sp-Øp, N{µs\ apdn®p
IjWw Ij-W-am-°n-°-f-™p. Cuiz-c≥ AhX-cn-®p. a\p-jy\v sImºp-ap-f®
- p, Hcp h‘y-bpsS
aI≥ as‰mcp h‘y-bpsS aIsf thfn Ign-®p.''
F∂pw a‰pw ]d-™m¬ Ah-sb√mw Akw-`mhy-am-sW∂v Xo¿®-s∏-Sp-Ømw. Fs¥-∂m¬ Cu
]d- ™ - s X√mw krjv S n- { I- a - Ø n\v hncp≤ßfmWv. krjvSn-{I-a-Øn\p hncp-≤-a-√m-ØXns\ kw`-h-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
F´m-a-tØXv A`m-h-am-Ip-∂p.
""\ `hXn bkvan≥ tkmf`mhx'' Hcp-h≥
as‰m-cp-ht- \m-Sv, ""B\sb sIm≠p hcnI'' F∂p
]d-bp-∂p. AhnsS B\-bn-s√∂p I≠ Abmƒ
B\ D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-SØp sN∂v B\sb sIm
≠p-h-∂p. 41 Ch-bmWv F´p {]amW-ßƒ. Chbn¬ i_vZ-{]-am-W-Øn¬ sFXn-lyhpw A\pam-\-Øn¬ A¿Ym-]-Øn, kw`-hw, A`mhw
F∂n-hbpw A¥¿`-hn-°p-∂-Xmbn K-Wn-®m¬
\mep {]amW-ßƒ am{Xta tijn-°p-I-bp≈q. C∏-d™ A©p-hn-[-Øn-ep≈ ]co-£I-sf-s°m≠v a\pjy≥ kXym-kXy-ßsf
\n›- b n- ° p- h m≥ i‡- \ mbn `hn- ° p- ∂ p.
kXym-kXy-ßsf \n¿W-bn-°p-hm≥ a‰p am¿Ksam-∂p-an-√.
[cva-hn-ti-j-{]-kq-XmZv {Zhy-Kp-W-Icva-kmam-\y-hn-tijka-hm-bm\mw ]Zm¿Ym\mw (km
[cvay-ssh-[cvaym`ymw) XØz⁄m\m-∂nx-t{ib-kav. (ssh.1.1.4) a\p-jy≥ [¿asØ bYm
tbmKyw A\p-jvTn-®m¬ ]hn-{X-\m-Ip-Ibpw
km[¿ayssh[¿ay-ß-fpsS˛A-Xm-bXv ]rYnhn
PU-amWv, Pehpw PU-amWv PUXzw ]rYn-
hnbv ° pw Pe- Ø n- \ p- a p≈ kam- \ - [ ¿a- a mWv
Cßs\ km[¿ay-Øn-s‚bpw ]rYnhn ISp--∏-ap≈Xpw Pew arZp-hp-am-Wv. ISp-∏hpw am¿±-hhpw
bYm-{Iaw ]rYn-hn-bnepw Pe-Øn-ep-ap≈ `n∂[¿aß-fmWv F∂n-ßs\ ssh[¿ay-Øn-s‚bpw
⁄m\w D≠m-bn. {Zhyw, KpWw, I¿aw, kmam\yw, hnti-jw, ka-hmbw F∂o Bdp ]Zm¿Yß- f psS XØz- ⁄ m\w D≠mbn XZzmcm
tam£w {]m]n-°p∂p.
]rYn-hym-]k
- vtX-tPm-hm-bp-cm-Imiw Imtem
ZnKmflm a\ CXn {ZhymWn (ssh. 1.1.5) ]rYnhn, Pew tXP-kv, hmbp BIm-iw, Imew, Zn°v,
Bflm-hv, a\kv F∂o HºXp ]Zm¿Y-ß-fmWv
{Zhy-ßƒ.
{Inbm-Kp-W-h-’-am-hm-bn-Im-c-W-anXn {Zhye-£-Wav (ssh 1.1.15) ""{Inbm› KpWm›
hnZyt¥ bkv a nw- k v X Xv {Inbm- K p- W - h Xv ''
GsXmcp ]Zm¿Y-Øn¬ {Inb, KpWw, F∂nh
c≠ptam As√-¶n¬ KpWw am{Xtam Ds≠∂p
ImWp-∂pthm AXns\ {Zhy-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
ap≥]-d™ HºXp {Zhy-ß-fn¬ ]rYn-hn, Pew,
tXP- k v , hmbp, a\- k v , Bflmhv F∂o
Bdnepw {Inbbpw KpWhpw D≠v. BIm-iw,
Zn°v F∂n-h-bn¬ {Inb C√; KpWw D≠v.
""ka-thXpw ioew bky XXv ka-hmbn
{]mKvhr-ØnXzw ImcWw ka-hmbn NX-XvImcWw N ka-hmbn Imc-Ww, e£ytX tb\
X√-£Ww''. H∂n®p tN¿∂n-cn-°p∂ kz`m-hap-≈-Xns\ ka-hmbn F∂pw, Imcyw D≠m-Ip∂-Xn\p apºp-≈-Xns\ ImcWw F∂pw IÆpsIm≠p cq]w I≠-dn-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, e£yw
GXp-sIm≠v Adn-bs
- ∏-Sp-∂pthm AXns\ e£W-sa∂pw ]d-bp-∂p.
cq]-c-k-K-‘-kv]cvi-hXo ]rYn-ho. (ssh.
2.1.1)cq]w, ckw, K‘w, kv]¿iw F∂n-h-bp≈
]Zm¿Y-amWv ]rYn-hn. A·n, Pew, hmbp F∂nh-bpsS kwtbmKw sIm≠mWv ]rYn-hn-bn¬
cq]w, ckw, kv]¿iw F∂o KpW-ßƒ D≠mIp-∂-Xv.
hyhÿnXx ]rYnhymw K‘x (ssh. 2.2.2)
K‘w F∂ KpWw ]rYn-hn-bn¬ kzm`m-hnI-am-bp-≈-Xm-Wv. AXp-t]m-se, Pe-Øn¬ ckhpw, tXP-kn¬ cq]hpw hmbp-hn¬ kv]¿ihpw
BIm-i-Øn¬ i_vZhpw kzm`m-hnI KpW-ß-
41 B\ C√m-Øn-SØv B\-bpsS A`mhw D≠v
44
aq∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
Imem-tJy-Xn. (ssh. 2.2.9) \nXy-h-kvXp-°-fn¬
C√m-ØXp sIm≠pw A\n-Xy-h-kvXp-°-fn¬
am{Xw D≈-Xp-sIm≠pw Imc-W-Øn¬ Xs∂bmWv Ime-kw-⁄.
CX CZ-anXn bXkv-X-±niyw enwKav. (ssh.
2.2.10) Ing-°v, sX°v, ]Sn-™m-dv, hS-°v, apIƒ,
Xmsg F∂o hn[-Øn¬ hyh-l-cn-°p-∂-XmWv
Zn°v.
BZn-Xy-kw-tbm-KmZv `qX-]qcvhmZv `hn-jy
tXm `qXm® {]mNo (ssh. 2.2.14) BZn-Xys‚
kwtbmKw GsXmcp Zn°n-emtWm {XnIm-e-ßfnepw H∂m- a - X mbn D≠m- I p- ∂ Xv AXns\
Ing°v F∂pw BZn- X y≥ Akv X - a n- ° p∂
Zn°ns\ ]Sn-™mdv F∂pw ]d-bp-∂p. Ingt°m´p t\m°n-\n¬°p∂ Bfns‚ he-Xp-`mKw
sX°pw CS-Øp-`mKw hS°pw BIp-∂p.
GtX\ ZnK- ¥ - c m- e m\n hymJym- X m\n
(ssh. 2.2.16) Ing-°n\pw sX°n\pw a[y-Øn¬
BKv-t\bo Zn°pw sX°n\pw ]Sn-™m-dn\pw
a[y-Øn¬ ss\cv-EXo Zn°pw ]Sn-™mdv hS°v
F∂n-h-bpsS a[y-Øn¬ hmb-ho-Zn-°pw, hS°n\pw Ing-°n\pw CS-bn¬ sFim-\-Zn-°p-amWv.
C—m-tZz-j-{]-b-Xv\-kp-J-Zpx-J-⁄m-\m-\ymflt\m enMvK-an-Xn. (\ym-b. 1.1.10) C—. tZzjw,
{]b-Xv\w, (]p-cp-jm¿Yw), kpJw, ZpxJw, Adnhv
F∂o KpW- ß ƒ D≈- X m- W v , Pohm- fl m- h v .
sshti-jn-I-Z¿i-\-Øn¬ hnti-jm-¬ ]d-™ncn-°p-∂-Xn-{]-Im-c-am-Wv.
{]mWm-f]m-\\
- n-ta-tjm-t∑j Poh-\a
- t- \m-KXo-{µn-bm-¥cv hnImcmx kpJ-, ZpxtJ—mtZzj{]-b-Xv\m-›m-flt\m enMvKm\n (ssh. 3.2.4)
({]m-W) hmbp-hns\ AI-Øp-\n∂p ]pd-tØ°p
X≈p-I, (A-]m-\) ]pd-Øp-\n∂v AI-tØ°v
hmbp-hns\ hen-s®-Sp-°p-I 42, (\n-ta-j) IÆS-°p-I, (D-t∑-j) IÆp-an-gn-°p-I, (Po-h-\)
{]mW-[m-cWw sNøp-I, (a-\x) a\-\w, Nn¥,
Adnhv (K-Xn) btYjvSw Ncn-°pI (C{µn-b)
fm-Wv.
cq]-c-k-kv]cvi-hXy Bt]m {Zhmx kv\n
Kv[mx. (ssh. A. 2 . 1. 2) cq]w, ckw, kv]¿iw
F∂o KpW-ß-fp-≈Xpw {Zhhpw kv\nKv≤-hpam-bn-´p≈ {Zhy-sØ-bmWv Pew F∂p ]d-bp∂-Xv. Pe-Øns‚ kzm`m-hnI KpWw ck-am-Wv.
cq]w kv]¿iw F∂o KpW-ßƒ A·n-bp-sSbpw
hmbp-hn-s‚bpw kwtbmKw sIm≠p-≠m-Ip-∂h-bm-Wv.
A]vkp ioXXm (ssh. 2.2.5) Pe-Øn¬
ioXXzw (Ip-fn¿a) F∂ KpWhpw IqSn kzm`mhn-I-am-bv´p-≈-Xm-Ip-∂p.
tXtPm cq]-kv]¿i-hXv (ssh. 2.1.3) cq]w
kv]¿iw F∂o KpW-ß-tfmSp IqSn-b-XmWv
tXP-kv. tXP-kns‚ kzm`m-hn-I-Kpaw cq]-am-Ip∂p. kv]¿iw hmbp-hns‚ kº¿°w sIm≠p≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.
kv]cvi-hm≥ hmbpx (ssh. 2.1.4) kv]¿iKpWw am{X-ap-≈-XmWv hmbp. kv]¿i-Øn\v
NqSpw Ipfn¿abpw D≠m-Ip-∂Xv tXP-kn-t‚bpw
Pe-Øn-t‚bpw kwtbmKw sIm≠m-Ip-∂p.
X BImti \ hnZy-t¥. (ssh. 2.1.5) cq]w,
ckw, K‘w, kv]¿iw, F∂o KpW-ß-sfm∂pw
BIm-iØ-n¬ C√. BIm-i-Øn-ep≈ KpWw
i_vZw am{X-am-Ip-∂p.
\njv { I- a Ww {]th- i - \ - a n- X ym- I m- i ky
enwKav (ssh. 2.1.20) \njv{I-aWw _ln¿`m-KtØ°v Ka\w, {]th-i\w˛A¥¿`m-K-tØ°v
BK-a\w F∂o c≠p {Inb-Iƒ D≈ {Zhy-amWv
BIm-iw.
Imcym-¥c
- m-{]m-Zpcv`m-hm® i_vZx-kv]cvih
- Xm-aK
- pWx (ssh. 2.1.25) ]rYnhn apX-emb Imcyß-fn¬ \n∂v i_vZw {]I-S-am-Im-bvI-bm¬
i_vZw, kv]¿i-Kp-Wa
- p≈ `qan apX-em-bh
- b
- psS
KpW-a-√. {]XypX BIm-i-Øns‚ KpW-am-Ip∂p.
A]-c-kvan-∂-]cw bpK-]-®ncw £n{]-anXn
Ime-enw-Km\n (ssh. 2.2.6) A]cw (]n-∂o-Sv)
]cw (ap-ºv) bpK-]Xv (H-tc-k-a-bw) Nncw (hnfw-_w) £n{]w (th-Kw) apX-emb {]tbm-Kßƒ GsXm- ∂ n- e p- ≠ m- I p- ∂ p- t hm, AXmWv
Imew.
\ntXyjz-`m-hm-Z\
- n-tXyjp `mhm-Xv Im-ctW
42 {]mW≥, A]m-\≥ F∂nh bmYm-{Iaw hmbp-hns\
D≈n-te-s°-Sp-°p-I. ]pd-tØ°p hnSpI F∂n-h-bmsW∂ anYym-t_m[w s]mXp-hm-bp-≠v. apJ-\m-knIm`ymw _lncv∂n- c
- ≥hm-bpx-{]mWx A¥cvK—
- ∂
- ]
- m\x. hmbnepw aq°nepw IqSn ]pd-tØ°p hnSp∂ hmbp
{]mW\pw AI-tØ-s°-Sp-°p-∂Xv A]m-\\
- p-am-sW∂v
kmb-W≥ AY¿hth-Z-`m-jy-Øn¬ (18. 2.46)
45
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
c≠v F∂n-ßs\ FÆp-∂-XmWv kwJy. L\w
Ipd-™X
- v, L\w IqSn-bXv F∂o ⁄m\-Øn\p
Imc-W-amb KpW-amWv ]cn-am-Ww 45. At\ym
\yw AI-∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv ]rYIvXz-hpw, ]c-kv]cw
IqSn-t®¿∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv kwtbm-Khpw H∂n-®n-cn°p-∂h th¿]n-cn-bp-∂Xv hn`m-Khpw BIp-∂p.
""AXn¬\n∂v CXv ]c-amWv'' F∂Xv ]c-Xzhpw. ""CXv AXn¬ \n∂v A]-c-amWv'' F∂Xv
A]- c - X zhpw BIp- ∂ p. \∑bpw Xn∑bpw
th¿Xn- c n- ® - d n- b p- ∂ Xv _p≤n- b m- W v . B\- µ Øns‚ ]cym-b-amWv kpJw. t¢iw F∂Xv
ZpxJ-am-Wv. C—bv°v B{K-ls
- a∂pw tZzj-Øn\v
hntcm-[-sa-∂p-am-W¿Yw. hnhn[ ]pcp-jm¿Y-bXv \ - ß ƒ {]b- X v \ hpw BIp- ∂ p. KpcpXzw
L\hpw {ZhXzw Hgp°pw BIp-∂p. {]oXnsb∂pw kv\nKv≤X
- s
- b-∂p-amWv kvt\l-Øns‚
A¿Yw. as‰m-∂ns‚ kwtbmKw sIm≠p-≠mIp∂ hmk-\-bmWv kwkvIm-cw. \ymbm-N-cWhpw ITn-\-Xzm-Zn-I-fp-amWv [¿aw. A\ym-bmN-c-Whpw ITn-\-Xz-Øn\p hncp-≤-amb tImafXzw apX-em-bhpw A[¿a-am-Wv. Cßs\ Ccp]-Øn-\mep KpW-ß-fm-Wp-≈-Xv.
DXvt£-]W
- a
- h
- t- £-]W
- am-Ip-©\w {]kmcWw Ka\anXn IcvamWn (ssh. 1.1.7) DXvt£]-Ww-˛-ap-I-fn-te-°p≈ Ne\w Ah-t£-]-Ww˛
Xmtgm-´p≈ Ne\w BIp-©\w kt¶m-Nn-°pI, {]km-cWw ]c-ØpI Ka-\w˛ t]mhpI hcnI
Np-‰n-Øn-cn-bpI apX-emb {Inb-Iƒ, Cßs\
A©p- h n- [ - Ø n- e mWv I¿a- ß ƒ. C\n I¿aØns‚ e£Ww ]d-bmw.
GI-{Z-hy-aK
- pWw kwtbm-Kh
- n-`m-tK-jz-\t- ]£-Im-cW anXn Icva-e-£-Wav (ssh. 1.1.11)
Hcp {ZhysØ B{i-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw, KpW-cln-X-amb kwtbm-K-hn-`m-K-ß-fn¬ At]-£mc-ln-X-amb Imc-Whp-am-bn-´p-≈-XmWv I¿aw.
As√-¶n¬ sNøp-∂Xv I¿aw F∂pw e£Ww
]d-bmw.
{Zhy-Kp-W-IcvaWmw {Zhyw-Im-cWw kmam\yav (ssh. 1.1.18) KpWw, I¿aw F∂n-hb
- psS
Imc-W{- Z-hy-amb Imcy-{Z-hy-Øns\ kmam-\y-{Zhyw
F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
C{µn- b - ß sf hnj- b - ß - f n¬ {]h¿Øn- ∏ n®v
Ahsb {Kln-°p-I, (A-¥¿hn-Im-c) hni-∏v,
Zmlw, ]\n, thZ\ apX-emb hnIm-c-ß-fp-≠mhp-I, kpJZpx-Jß
- ƒ, C—m-tZz-jß
- ƒ, {]bXv\w
F∂nh Bflm- h ns‚ enMv K - ß ƒ AYhm
Bflm-hns‚ KpW-I¿a-ß-fm-Ip∂p.
bpK-]-Pv-⁄m-\m-\pX-v]-Øncva-\-tkm- enMvKav (\ym. 1.1.16) Htc kabw c≠p ]Zm¿Yßsf {Kln-°p-hm≥ i‡n-bn-√m-Ø-Xns\ a\s ∂p ]d-bp-∂p. C{]-Imcw {Zhy-ß-fpsS kzcq]hpw e£Whpw ]d-™p. C\n KpW-ßƒ ]dbmw.
cq]-c-k-K-‘-kv]cvimx kwJymx:-˛-˛]-cn-amWm\n ]rY‡zw kwtbm-K-hn-`msKu ]c-Xzmf-]-ctXz _p≤bx kpJ ZpxtJ C—m-tZzju
{]b-Xv\m› KpWmx (ssh. 1.1.6) cq]w, ckw,
K‘w, kv]¿iw, kwJy, ]cn-am-Ww, ]rY-‡zw,
kwtbm-Kw, hn`m-Kw, ]c-Xzw, A]-c-Xzw, _p≤n,
kpJw, ZpxJw, C—, tZzjw, {]b-Xv\w, (Kp-cpXzw
43
, {Zh-Xzw, kvt\lw, kwkvIm-cw, [¿aw,
A[¿aw, i_vZw) F∂n-ßs\ Ccp-]-Øn-\mep
KpW-ß-fm-Ip-∂p.
{Zhym-{i-øK
- p-Wh
- m≥kw-tbm-Kh
- n-`m-tKjz-Im-cW-a\
- t- ]£ CXn KpW-e£
- W
- av (ssh. 1.2.16)
{ZhysØ B{i-bn-°p-Ibpw A\y-Kp-W-ßsf
[mcWw sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bpw, kwtbmK hn`mK-ß-fn¬ Imc-W-am-Im-ØXpw ]c-kv]-cm-t]£
IqSmsX h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xp-amWv KpWw.
t{imt{Xm-]-e-_v[ncv _p≤ncv\ncv{Kmlyx
{]tbmtKWm-f`n-Pz-enX BIm-i-tZix i_vZx
(a-lm-`m-jyw) 43 sNhn-sIm≠v {]m]n-°m-hp∂-Xpw, _p≤n-bm¬ {Kln-°m-hp-∂Xpw {]tbmK- Ø m¬ {]Im- i n- ° p- ∂ - X pw, BIm- i - Ø n¬
h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xp-amWv i_vZw.
IÆp-sIm≠v {Kln-°p∂ KpW-amWv cq]w.
\m°p-sIm≠v Adn-bp∂ a[p-cm-Zn-t`-Z-ß-fmWv
ckw. aq°p-sIm≠v Adn-bp∂ KpW-amWv K‘w.
Xz°p-sIm≠v {Kln-°p-∂Xv kv]¿i-am-Wv. H∂v,
43 {]b-Xv\-Øn-\p-tijw "N' F∂-Xp-sIm≠v KpcpXzw,
{ZhXzw kwkvImcw AZrjvSw ([¿am-[¿a-ßƒ) i_vZw
F∂n-hsb `mjy-Im-c≥ FÆp-∂p. Aßs\ 17+7=24
(N i_vZ kap-®n-Xm› KpcpXz {ZhXz kvt\l
kwkvIm-cm-Zr-jSv i
- _vZmx k]vssX-th-tXyhw NXpcvhnwiXn KpWmx ({]-ik
- vX]
- m-Z`
- mtjy Dt±-i{- ]-Ic
- W
- a
- v)
44 alm-`mjyw 1.1.1
45 ChnsS ""Af-hv, AWp, al-Øv, \of-ap-≈X-v,
C√m-ØXv F-∂n-Xym-Zn-Iƒ°pw ImcWw ]cn-amWw
F∂p htc-≠-Xm-Wv. L\-°p-dhpw
IqSp-Xepw Kpcp-XzsØ kw_-‘n-°p-∂-Xm-Wt√m
46
aq∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
amWv ssh[¿ayw. ]rYn-hn-bn-ep≈ ImTn-\yw,
ipjvI-X, K‘-hXzw F∂o [¿a-ßƒ Pe-Ønep≈ ImTn-\yw, am¿±-hw, ck-hXzw F∂o
[¿aßfn¬ \n∂p hncp≤ßfmI- b m¬
ssh[¿ay-ß-fm-Wv.
Imc- W - ` m- hmXv Imcy- ` mhx (ssh. 4.1.3)
ImcWw Ds≠-¶nte Imcyw D≠m-hq.
\ Xp Imcym-`m-hmXv Imc-Wm-`mhx (ssh.
1.2.2.) Imcyw D≠m-bn-ń-√m-bvI-bm¬ ImcWw
Cs√∂p hcp-∂-X-√.
Imc- W m-- f `m- h mXv Imcym--f `mhx (ssh.
1.2.1)ImcWw Cs√-¶n¬ Imcyw Hcn-°epw D≠mhp-I-bn-√.
Imc-W-Kp-W-]qcvh-Ix-Im-cy-KptWm ZrjvSx
(ssh. 2.1.24) Imc-W-Øn¬ ImWp∂ KpW-ßƒ
am{Xta Imcy-Ønepw ImWp-Ib
- p-≈q. ]cn-amWw
c≠p-hn-[-Øn-em-Ip-∂p.
AWp al-ZnXn Xkvan≥ hnti-j-`m-hm-Zznti-jm-`m-hm® (ssh. 7.1.11) AWp (kq-£vaw)
alXv (h-ep-Xv) F∂nßs\ ]cn-amWw c≠phn-[w. {Xk-tcWp Ip∂n-tb-°mƒ sNdpXpw
hr£-tØ-°mƒ hep-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. AXp-t]m-seXs∂ ]¿hXw `qan-tb-°mƒ sNdpXpw hr£tØ-°mƒ hepXpw BWv.
kZnXn btXm {Zhy- K p- W - I cv a kp km
kØm (ssh. 1.2..7) ""kXv{Z-hyw, kZvKp-Wx,
kXvIcvax'' kØm-b-{Zhyw kØmb KpWw
kØmb I¿aw F∂n- ß s\ h¿Ø- a m\
ImesØ Ipdn-°p∂ kXv F∂ i_vZ-tØm-SpIqSn {Zhy KpW-I¿aßƒ°p≈ A\z-b-sØbmWv kØ-sb∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
`mthm-- f \p-hr-tØ-tch tlXp- hmXv kmam\y-tah (ssh. 1.2.4) kØ F∂ `mhw kIe
hkvXp-°-fnepw A\p-h¿Øn®p ÿnXn-sN-øp∂-Xp-sIm≠v AXns\ alm-km-am\yw F∂p
]d-bp-∂p. Cu ]d-™Xp apgp-h\pw `mh-]Zm¿YsØ kw_-‘n-®m-Wv. A`mhw A©p
hn[-Øn-em-Wv.
{Inbm-Kp-W-hy-]-tZ-im-`m-hm-Xv {]m-K-kXv
(ssh.9.1.1) {Inbm-KpWßfpsS hnti-j\
- n-an-ØØns‚ A`m-h-Øn\p apºp≈ AkXv (C-√mbva, A`m-hw) F∂¿Yw. IpSw, hkv{Xw apXem-bh Dev]-Øn°p apºv D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. B
C√m-bva-bmWv {]mK-`m-hw.
{ZhymWmw {Zhyw Imcyw kmam- \ yav
(ssh.1.1.23) Imcy-Xz-Øm¬ F√m Imcy-ßf
- nepw
kmam-\y-ambncn°p-∂Xv {Zhy-ß-fpsS Imcy-{Zhy-am-Ip-∂p.
{Zhy-Xzw, KpW-Xzw, IcvaXzw N kmam\ym(\n) hnti-jm› (ssh. 1.2.5) {Zhy-ß-fn¬
{Zhy-Xzhpw KpW-ß-fn¬ KpW-Xzhpw I¿a-ßfn¬ I¿a-Xz-hpw-k-am\yßsf∂pw hnti-j-ßsf∂p ]d-bp-∂p. {ZhyXzw {Zhyßfn¬ kmam\y-am-Wv. KpW-Xzw, I¿aXzw F∂n-h-bn¬ \n∂p
{ZhyXzw hnti-j-hp-am-Ip-∂p. Cßs\ k¿h{X
Adn-™p-sIm-≈-Ww.
kmam\yw hntij CXn _p≤y-t]-£av
(ssh. 1.2.3) kmam\yw hntijw F∂nh
_p≤nsb At]-£n®v kn≤-am-Ip-∂p. a\p-jycn¬ kmam-\y-am-bn-´p-≈Xv a\p-jy-Xz-am-Wv. arKXzm-Zn-Isf At]-£n®v AXv hnti-j-am-Ip-∂p.
a\p-jy-cn¬ kv{XoXzw, ]pcp-j-Xzw, {_m“-WXzw, £{Xn-b-Xzw, sshiyXzw, iq{ZXzw, F∂o
[¿aßsf√mw hntijßfmIp- ∂ p. {_m“WXzw {_m“-W-cn¬ kmam-\yhpw £{XnbmZn- I sf At]- £ n®v hnti- j hpw BIp- ∂ p.
Cßs\ F√m-bn-SØpw Adn-bp-I.
Ctl-Z-anXn bXx- Im-cy-Im-c-Wtbmx (k)
ka-hmbx (ssh. 7.2.26) Imcy-Im-c-W-ßƒ˛
AXm-bXv Ah-bhpw Ah-b-hn-bpw, {Inb-bpw
I¿Ømhpw, KpW-hpw KpWn-bpw, PmXn-bpw
hy‡nbpw F∂n-hbv°p XΩn-ep≈ _‘w
\nXy-am-Ip-∂p. B \nXy-_-‘-amWv ka-hm-bw.
a‰p ]Zm¿Y-ßƒ°v ]c-kv]-c-ap≈ _‘w (kwtbm-K-_-‘w) A\n-Xy-_‘w BIp-∂p.
{Zhy- K p- W tbmx kPm- X o- b bmcw- ` - I Xzw
km[cvay-av. (hm. 1.1.9) kam-\-Pm-Xo-b-ß-fmb
{Zhy- K p- W - ß sf Dev]m- Z n- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ - X n\v
km[¿ayw F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. ]rYn-hn-bn¬ PUXzw, IpSw, apX-em-b-h-bpsS Dev]m-Z-I-Xzhpw
kzk-Zr-i-[¿a-ß-fm-Wv. Pe-Øn¬ PU-Xzhpw
kPm-Xo-b-amb lna-Øns‚ Dev]m-Z-I-Xzhpw
D≠v. AXn-\m¬ ]rYn-hn°p Pe-Øn-t\mSpw PeØn\v ]rYn-hn-tbmSpw km[¿ayw D≠v. Cu
]d™ km[¿ay-e-£Ww sIm≠v ""{Zhy-Kp-Wtbmcvhn-Pm-Xo-bm-cw-`-IXzw ssh[cvayw'' F∂
ssh[¿ay-e-£Ww IqSn ]d-tb-≠-Xmbn hcp∂p. {Zhy-Kp-W-ß-fn-ep≈ hncp-≤-[¿a-ß-fpsSbpw hnPm-Xo-b-Im-cy-ß-fp-sSbpw Dev]m-Z-I-Xz47
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
Zn-Kp-W-ßƒ \nXy-hp-am-Wv.
kZ-Im-cWh∂n-Xyav (ssh. 4.1.1) kØ-tbmSp-Iq-Sn-bXpw Imc-W-an-√m-Ø-Xp-amb ]Zm¿YamWv \nXy-am-bX
- v. ""kXvIm-cW
- h
- Z- \
- nXyw'' ImcW-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bh
- bpw Imcy-cq-]ß
- f
- p-amb KpWßƒ A\n-Xy-ß-fmWv F∂p IqSn a\- n-em°mw,
AtkyZw Imcyw ImcWw kwtbmKn
hntcm[n ka-hmbn tNXn sseMvKn-Iav (ssh.
9.2.1) ka-hm-bn, kwtbm-Kn, GIm¿Y-k-a-hm-bn,
hntcm-[n, F∂o \mep hn[-Øn-emWv Ah-b-h]-c-amb PvRm\w AYhm Ah-bhw Ah-bhn
F∂n-h-bpsS tN¿® sIm≠p-≠m-Ip∂ Adn-hv.
""BImiw ]cn-am-Wt- Øm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bX
- mWv F∂Xv
ka-hm-bn-bp-sSbpw'' ""icocw Xzt°m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXm-Ip-∂p.'' F∂v \nXy-kw-tbm-KsØ ImWn°p-∂Xv kwtbm-Kn-bp-sSbpw ZrjvSm-¥w. H∂n¬
Xs∂ c≠ns‚ ÿnXn GIm¿Y-k-a-hm-b-am-Wv.
Imcy-cq-]-amb kv]¿iw, Imcy-Øns‚ Ah-bh- a m- W v . s]bv X ag s]øp- h m≥ t]mIp∂
agbv°v FXn-cm-b-Xm-sW-∂Xv hntcm-[n-°p≈
DZm-l-c-W-am-Ip-∂p.
\nb-X[
- cvak
- m-ln-Xy-ap-`t- bm-tc-IX
- c
- ky hm
hym]vXnx. \nP-i‡
- yp-Zv`h
- a
- n-Xym-Nmcymx Bt[b-i-‡n-tbmK CXn ]©-inJx (kmw-Jy-kq{Xw. A. 5 kq. 29.31.32) A\p-am-\-Øm¬ Adntb- ≠ - X ns\ km[y- s a∂pw km[y- ⁄ m\w
D≠m-°p-∂-Xns\ km[-\-sa∂pw ]d-bp-∂p.
km[yw km[\w F∂o c≠n-t‚-bp-tam, GsX¶nepw H∂ns‚ am{Xtam \n›nX [¿a-amb
kl-Nm-c-amWv hym]vXn F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Xo,
]pI F∂n-h-bpsS kl-Nm-cnXzw CXn-\p-Zm-lc-Ww. (29)
hym]y-am-bn-cn-°p∂ ]pIbv°v kz¥w i‡n
sIm≠p- ≠ m- I p- ∂ Xv as‰m- c p- h n- [ - Ø n- e pff
hym]vXn-bm-Ip-∂p. tZim-¥-csØ {]m]n® ]pI,
A·n- s b- ° qSmsX kzbw ÿnXn- s N- ø p- ∂ p.
A·n-bpsS tOZ-\-˛-t`-Z-\-˛-km-a¿Yy-ß-fn¬
PemZn ]Zm¿Y-ßƒ ]pI-bm-bn-Øo¿∂v {]I-Sam-Ip-∂p. (31)
al-Ø-Øzm-Zn-I-fn¬ {]Ir-Xym-Zn-Iƒ°p≈
hym]-IX _p≤ym-Zn-I-fn-ep≈ hym]yX F∂o
[¿a-ß-fpsS _‘-Øns‚ t]cmWv hym]vXn.
i‡n, i‡n-am≥ F∂nh XΩn¬ D≈ Bt[-
c≠m-a-tØXv
kZ-kXv (ssh. 9.1.2) D≠mb IpSw C√mXm-bn-t∏m-Ip-∂-Xp-t]mse Hcn-°¬ D≠m-bn´v
]n∂oSv C√m-Xp-Ip-∂-Xns\ {]≤zw-km-`mhw
F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
aq∂m-a-tØ-Xv˛
k®m-kXv (ssh. 9.1.4) Ds≠∂pw ]p\-cns√∂pw ""AsKu-c-tizm-\-tizmKu'' IpXnc ]iph√; ]ip IpXn-c-bp-a-√. IpXn-cbn¬ IpXn-c-bpsS-bpw, ]ip-hn¬ ]ip-hn-s‚bpw `mhw D≠v.
AXp-t]mse IpXn-c-bn¬ ]ip-hn-s‚bpw ]iphn¬ IpXn-c-bp-sSbpw A`mhw D≠-t√m. Cu
A`m-hsØ At\ym-\ym-`mhw F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
\mem-a-tØ-Xv˛
b®m-\y-Zk
- Z- X
- k
- vXZ- k
- Xv (ssh. 9.1.5) ap≥]d™ aq∂v A`m-hß
- f
- n¬ \n∂pw `n∂-amb A`mh-Øn\v AXy-¥m-`mhw F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. a\pjys‚ sImºv, BIm-iI
- p-kp-aw, h‘ym-]p-{X≥
apX-em-b-h-bpsS A`mhw Cu C\-Øn¬ s]Sp∂p.
A©ma-tØXv:˛
\mkvXn LtSm tKl CXn ktXm LSky
tKl- kw-kcvK {]Xn-tj[x (ssh. 9.1.10)
hoń¬ IpS-an√ F∂p ]d-™m¬ as‰-hn-sStbm
Ds≠-∂pw, hoSn-t\mSv IpS-Øn\p _‘-an-s√∂p-am-W¿Yw. CXns\ kw_-‘m-`m-h-sa∂p ]dbp-∂p. Cßs\ A`mhw A©phn-[-Øn-em-Wv.
C{µnbtZmjm-Xv kw-kvImctZmjm-®m-hnZym
(ssh. 9.2.15) C{µn-b-ß-fp-sSbpw kwkvIm-cØn-s‚bpw tZmjw-sIm≠v AhnZy D≠m-Ip-∂p.
X±p-jvS-⁄m-\av (ssh. 9.2.11) ZpjvS-amb
⁄m\w-˛-hn-]-co-X-⁄m-\w-˛-BWv Ahn-Zy.
AZpjvSw hnZym. (ssh. A. 9 B. 2. kq. 12)
AZp-jvS-amb ⁄m\w AY-hm, bYm¿Y-⁄m-\amWv hnZy.
]rYn-hym-Zn-cq-]-c-k-K-‘-kv]¿im {Zhym\nXyXzm-Z\nXym›. (ssh. 7.1.2) GtX\ \ntXyjp
\nXyXz-ap-‡av (ssh. 7.1.9) Imcy-cq-]-amb ]rYn-
hymZn ]Zm¿Y-ß-sf√mw A\n-Xy-ß-fm-b-XpsIm≠v Ah- b n- e p≈ cq]w, ckw, K‘w,
kv]¿iw XpS-ßnb KpW-ßfpw A\n-Xyhpw
ImcW-cq-]-amb ]rYn-hymZn \nXy-{Z-hy-ß-fnep≈ (\m-ia
- n-√mØ ]c-am-Wp-°f
- n-ep-≈) K‘m48
aq∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
bpsS DZm-lc-- Ww a\-kn-em-°-Ww. `mKx A[ymbx. \mbIx kvXmh-Ix, ImcIx F∂o ]Z-ßsf√mw DZm-l-c-W-ß-fm-Ip-∂p.
`mKw :˛ `Pv F∂ [mXp-hn\p ]c-ambn LRv
{]Xybw hcp-∂p. {]Xy-b-Øn-ep≈ LImcw
RImcw F∂o c≠p h¿W-ßƒ CXvkw⁄
h∂v tem]n®v AImcw am{Xw tijn-°p-∂p.
`PvA F∂p tijn-°p-∂-Xn¬ `Pv F∂ {]IrXn-bn-ep≈ Ìm-c-Øn¬ \n∂p ]chpw PIm-cØn¬ \n∂p ]q¿h- h p- a mb AIm- c - Ø ns‚
ÿm\- Ø n¬ hr≤nkw⁄- t bmSp IqSnb
BImcw h∂v `mPv A F∂m-Ip-∂p. ]ns∂
PIm-c-Øns‚ ÿm\-Øn¬ KImcw hcn-Ibpw
HSp-hn¬ `mKx F∂ cq]w kn≤n-°p-Ibpw sNøp
∂p.
A[ymb :--:˛ A[n F∂ D]-k¿K-tØm-Sp-IqSnb CMv [mXp-hn-ep≈ {lkz CIm-c-Øns‚
ÿm\-Øv, LRv {]Xybw ]c-am-bn, sF F∂p
hr≤n-hc
- p-∂p. ]n∂oSv sFIm-cØ
- n\v Bbv F∂v
BtZiw h∂v F√mw IqSn tN¿∂v A[ymbx
F∂ cq]-ap-≠m-Ip-∂p.
\mb-I :-˛ \oRv [mXp-hn\v ]c-ambn Wzpev
{]Xybw hcp-tºmƒ [mXp-hn-ep≈ Zo¿L-amb
CuIm-cØ
- ns‚ ÿm\Øv sFImcw hr≤n, B
sFIm-cØ
- n\v Bbv F∂v BtZiw h∂v, (AI,
F∂ {]Xy-bm-tZiw tN¿∂v 46) \mbIx F∂
cq]w \njv]-∂-am-Ip-∂p.
kvXmh-I :˛ kvXp [mXp-hn¬ Wzpev {]Xy
bw tNcp-tºmƒ [mXp-hnse {lkz-Im-c-Øns‚
ÿm\Øv HuImcw hr≤n, HuIm-c-Øn\v Bhv
F∂v BtZ-iw. F√mw tN¿∂v kvXmhIx F∂
cq]w D≠m-Ip∂p
Imc-I :˛ IrRv [mXp-hn\p ]c-ambn Wzpev
{]Xybw hcp-∂p. {]Xy-b-Øns‚ BZy-Ønep≈ W Imc-Øn\pw Ah-km-\-Øn-ep≈ e
Im- c - Ø n\pw CXvkw⁄bpw tem]hpw
tijn® hp F∂-Xn\v AI F∂v BtZ-ihpw
hcp-∂p. [mXp-hn-ep≈ EIm-c-Øns‚ ÿm\Øv
Bcv F∂v hr≤n h∂v ImcIx F∂p kn≤n°p-∂p.
]q¿hm--] - c - { ]- t bm- K - ß - s f- ∏ ‰n GsX√mw
kq{X- ß tfs°m≠v Fs¥√mw Imcy- ß ƒ
hn[n-®n-´pt≠m AsX√mw ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-°p-
bm-[mc _‘w DZm-l-c-Ww.
Cßs\ imkv{X-{]-am-W-ß-sf-s°m≠v ]co£n-®nt´ ]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNømhq. A\yYm hnZym¿Yn-Iƒ°v Hcn-°epw kXyt_m[w D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. ]Tn-∏n-°p-hm-\p≈
{KŸ-ßsf C{]-Imcw ]cn-tim-[n-®v, kXy-amb-hsb am{Xta ]Tn-∏n-°m-hq. hncp-≤a
- mb {KŸßsf ]Tn-°p-Itbm, ]Tn-∏n-°p-Itbm sNø-cpXv. Fs¥-∂m¬, e£-W-{]-am-Wm`ymw hkvXpkn≤nx. ""K‘-hXo ]rYnho'' K‘-ap-≈-XmWv
]rYnhn CXymZn e£-W-ß-sfbpw {]Xy-£mZn
{]am-W-ß-sfbpw sIm≠mWv F√m kXym-kXy-ßfpw ]Zm¿Y-X-Øzhpw \n¿W-bn-°p-∂-Xv.
e£- W - { ]- a m- W - ß - f n- √ msX H∂n- t \bpw
\n¿Wbn-°m-hp-∂-X-√.
AY ]T\ ]mT\ hn[nx
C\n ]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøm\p≈ coXn hnh- c n- ° mw. H∂- m - a Xp ]Tn- ∏ nt°≠Xv ]mWn-\o-ap\n cNn® kq{X-cq-]-Ønep≈ in£-bm-Wv. Hmtcm h¿W-Øn-t‚bpw
ÿm\-{]-b-Xv\-ßfpw Imc-Whpw H∂m-a-Xmbn
]Tn-∏n-°-Ww. Hcp-Zm-l-cWw ]d-bmw. "]' ImcØns‚ ÿm\w HmjvT-am-Wv. kv]rjvS-amWv
{]bXv\w; {]mW-s‚bpw Pnlz-bp-sSbpw {InbbmWv IcWw F∂n-{]-Imcw F√m A£-c-ßfp-tSbpw D®m-c-W-{Iaw amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑mcpw
Kpcp-°-∑mcpw Ipń-Isf ]Tn-∏n-°-Ww.
]n∂oSv hymI-c-Ww, AXm-bXv AjvSm-[ymbn- b psS kq{X- ] m- T - a mWv A`y- k n- t °- ≠ - X v .
hr≤n-cm-ssZNv F∂ kq{Xw ]Tn®v, hr≤nx BXv
sFNv Ft∂m As√-¶n¬ hr≤nx BssZNv
Ft∂m ]Z-t—Zw sNbvXv, B®v sF®v BssZNv
F∂n-ßs\ hn{K-ln-®v, ""BssZNmw hr≤nkw⁄m {InbtX'' B, sF, Hu F∂o h¿Wßƒ°v hr≤n F∂p kw⁄-sN-øp∂p F∂v
A¿Yw {Kln-°p-I. ""Xx ]tcm bkvamXv X]cx
kvXmZ]n ]c-kvX]cx'' GsXm-∂n¬ \n∂v
XImcw ]c-am-bn-cn-°p-∂pthm AXv X]cw, XImc-Øn¬ \n∂v ]c-am-bn-´p-≈Xpw X]cw F∂p≈-Xp-sIm≠v BssZNv F∂-Xnse XImcØn
s‚ apºpw ]nºp-ap≈ B sFNv F∂nh c≠pw
X]-c-ß-fm-sW∂p kn≤n-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠p≈ {]tbm-P\w {lkz-ß ƒ°pw Zo¿Lßƒ°pw hr≤n-kw⁄ hcn-I-bn-s√-∂-Xm-Wv.
C{]-Imcw kq{Xm¿Yw ]Tn-®n-´v, hr≤n-kw-⁄-
46 tImjvTØ
- n-teXv ]cn-`m-jI
- t- ‚-Xm-Wv.
49
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
Aev]-hn-j-b-ßsf am{Xw kv]¿in-°p∂ Hcp
hnti-j-hn-[n-bm-Ip-∂p. D’¿K-hn-[n-bpsS hnjb- Ø n¬ A]- h m- Z h- n [n ssII- S - Ø p- ∂ - X p
t]mse A]- h m- Z - h n- [ n- b psS hnj- b - Ø n¬
D’¿K-hn[n {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-X-√. N{I-h¿ØnbpsS km{am-Py-Øn¬ \mSp-hm-gn-Ifpw CS-{]-`p°-∑mcpw `cWw \S-Øpw. AXp-t]mse \mSphm-gn-I-fp-sSbpw CS-{]-`p-°-∑m-cp-sSbpw aWvUe- Ø n¬ km{am´v CS- s ]- S p- I - b n- √ - t √m. 47
D’¿Km-]-hm-Z-{I-a-Øn-emWv ]mWn-\oa-l¿jn
AJne i_vZ-ß-fp-sSbpw Ah-bpsS A¿Yhpw
_‘n-∏n®v Hmcm-bncw t«mI-ß-fn¬ Npcp°n
]-d™n-´p-≈-Xv. [mXp ]mT-Øn\p tijw DWmZn-KWw ]Tn-∏n®v kp_-¥-i-_vZ-ßsf kw_‘n- ® p≈ kIe hnj- b - ß fpw \√- h Æw
t_m[n-∏n-°W
- w. AXns‚ tijw ]q¿h-]£
- w,
kam-[m-\w, hm¿Øn-I-ßƒ, Imcn-I-Iƒ, ]cn`m-j-Iƒ apX-em-b-h-tbmSp IqSn c≠m-a-sXm-cn°¬ IqSn AjvSm-[ym-bn-bpw XpS¿∂v alm-`mjyhpw ]Tn-∏n-°-Ww.
_p≤n-am\pw \njvI]
-- -S-\p-amb hnZym-`n-hr≤nsb B{K-ln-°p∂ hnZym¿Yn aSp-ßmsX
]Tn°p-Ibpw tbmKy-cmb Kpcp-°-∑m¿ ]Tn-∏n°p- I bpw sNøp∂ ]£w H∂- c - s °m√w
sIm≠v Ajv S m- [ ym- b nbpw H∂- c - s °m√w
sIm≠v alm-`m-jyhpw ]Tn®v aq∂p-sIm√w
sIm≠v XnI™ sshbm-I-c-W-\m-hp-Ibpw
sshZn-I-ßfpw euIn-I-ßfpamb i_vZ-ß-sfsb√mw hymI- c Ww sIm≠- d n- ™ v , CXc
imkv{X-ßsf Bbm-k-sat\y ]Tn-°p-hm\pw
]Tn-∏n-°p-hm\pw i‡-\m-hp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. hymIcW imkv{Xm[y-b-Øn-s\m-∂n\pw th≠n hcp∂{X ]cn-{iaw a‰p imkv{Xm-[y-b-\-Øn-s\m∂n\pw th≠n hcp-∂n-√.
ap≥]-d™ {KŸ-ßƒ A`y-kn-®m¬ aq∂psIm√w sIm≠p-≠m-Ip-∂n-S-tØmfw Adn-hv,
kmc-kz-Xw, N{µn-I, Iuap-Zn, at\m-ca apX-emb
{KŸ-ßƒ ]Tn-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬ AºXp sIm√w
Ibpw {]{In-b-bpsS {Iaw apgp-h\pw C{]-Imcw
FgpØv ] e- I - b n¬ Fgp- X n- ° mWn°p- I bpw
sNtø- ≠ - X m- W v . ˛`P+LRv + kp F∂- X n¬
BZyw LIm-c-Øn\pw ]ns∂ RIm-c-Øn-\pw
tem]w hcp-∂p. At∏mƒ `Pv +A+kp F∂mbn. AXns‚ tijw {]Ir-Xn-bn-ep≈ AIm-cØns‚ ÿm\Øv hr≤n-bmbn BIm-chpw PImc-Øn\v KIm-cm-tZ-ihpw h∂v, `mKv+A+kp
F∂m-Ip-∂p. ]n∂oSv {]Ir-Xnbpw LRv {]Xyb-Øns‚ Ah-i n-jvS -amb AIm-c hpw IqSnt®¿∂v, `mK+kp F∂m-Ip-∂p. A\-¥cw kp
F∂-Xn-ep≈ DIm-c-Øn\v CXv kw⁄bpw
tem]hpw kv F∂-Xns‚ ÿm\Øv cp F∂
BtZ-ihpw hcp-∂p. cp F∂ BtZ-i-Ønse
DIm-chpw CXv kw⁄ h∂v tem]n®p t]mIpI-bm¬ `mK+cv F∂m-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. cv F∂
h¿W-Øns‚ ÿm\Øp hnk¿Kw (x) h∂v
Ah-km\w `mKx F∂ cq]w kn≤n-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p.
GsX√mw kq{X-ßƒ, GsX√mw Imcy-ßƒ
{]{Inbbv°v hn[n-°p-∂p-thm, B kq{X-ßfpw
Imcy-ßfpw bYmXY-ambn ]Tn-∏n-®v, Fgp-Xn-®v,
{]{Inb ]d-bn-°-Ww. C{]-Imcw ]Tn°p-Ibpw
]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ AXn-thKw Dd®
⁄m\w D≠m- I pw. Cßs\ Hcp XhW
AjvSm-[ymbn apgp-h\pw ]Tn-∏n-®n´v [mXp-]mTw
apgp-h\pw A¿Y-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn, ]Øp eIm-c-ßfpsS cq]-ßfpw {]{In-b-tbm-Sp-IqSn D’¿Kkq{Xw ]n∂oSv AXns‚ A]-hm-Z-kq{Xw F∂o
{Ia-Øn¬ ]Tn-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. kmam-\y-amb
Hcp hn[nsb ]d-bp∂ kq{X-amWv D’¿K-kq{Xw. ""Icva-WyWv'' F∂Xv Hcp D’¿K kq{Xam-Ip-∂p. I¿a-hm-N-I-amb ]Zw D]-]-Z-am-Iptºmƒ Hmtcm [mXp-hnepw AWv {]Xybw hcpw
F∂mWv Cu kq{Xw sIm≠p hn[n-°p-∂-Xv.
Ip`-Imcx F∂Xv CXn-\p-Zm-l-c-Ww. ""BtXm\p-]-k¿tK Ix'' F∂Xv CXns‚ A]-hmZ
kq{X-am-Ip-∂p. D]-k¿K-an-√mØ BIm-cm¥
[mXp-hn¬ I¿aw D]-]-Z-am-I-bm¬ I {]Xybw
hcpw F∂mWv AXn-\¿Yw. I¿aw D]-]-Z-am-Iptºmƒ F√m [mXp-°-fnepw AWv {]Xybw
h∂p `hn-°p-∂p. CXv A[nI hnj-b-ßsf
kv]¿in-°p∂ kmam-\y-hn-[n-bm-Wv. Cu hn[nbpsS hnj-b-ß-fn-e-¥¿`-hn-®n-´p≈ BIm-cm¥
[mXp°sf {]Xybw hngp-ßn-°-f-™p. CXv
47 AjvSm-[ymbn kq{X-ßƒ KZy-cq-]Ø
- n-em-Wv.
GsX-¶nepw KZy-{K-Ÿ-Øns‚ hen∏w F{X-sb∂p
]d-bp-∂-Xn\v \ne-hn-en-cp∂ {]mNo-\-co-Xn-bmWv
Ah-bnse A£-c-ß-sfÆn A\p-jvTp-]vO-µ-kns‚
A£-c-kw-Jy-bmb 32-sIm≠v lcn-®v, B kwJy-bpsS
A{Xbpw t«mI-ßƒ AXn-ep-s≠∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
AjvSm-[ym-bn-bn¬ 1000x32=32000 A£-cß
- f
- p-≠v.
50
aq∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
`mhm¿Y-hn-h-c-Wk-lnXw A[ym-]-I-∑m¿ ]Tn∏n-°p-Ibpw hnZym¿Yn-Iƒ ]Tn-°p-Ibpw sNøWw. CXn\v Hcp h¿jw aXn. ]ns∂ ]q¿h-aoamw- k , sshti- j n- I w, \ymbw, tbmKw,
kmwJyw, thZm¥w F∂o Bdp Z¿i-\-ß-sf,
(im-kv{X-ß-sf) In´m-hp-∂n-S-tØmew Ejn-{]Wo- X - ß - f mb hymJym- \ - ß tfmSp IqSntbm
AXn-s√-¶n¬ DØ-a-hn-Zzm-∑m-cpsS kc-f-hym--Jym\-ß-tfmSp IqSntbm ]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°pIbpw sNø-Ww. F∂m¬ thZm-¥-kq-{X-ßƒ
]Tn-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv Cuim-hm-kyw, tI\w,
ITw, {]iv\w, apWvU-Iw, amWvUq-Iyw, sFXtc-bw, ssXØn-co-bw, Otµm-Kyw, _rl-Zm-cWyIw F∂o ]Øv D]-\n-j-Øp-Iƒ ]Tn-°Ww. AXn-\p-tijw Bdv Z¿i-\-ß-fpsS aqekq-{X-ßsf Ah-bpsS hrØn-tbmSpw `mjytØmSpw IqSn c≠p-sIm-√-Øn-\Iw ]Tn-∏n-°pIbpw ]Tn-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww. ]ns∂ sFXtc-bw, iX]-Yw, kmaw 50, tKm]-Yw, F∂o
\mep {_m“-W-ß-tfmSp IqSn \mep thZ-ßfpw
kzcw, i_v Z w, A¿Yw, kw_- ‘ w, {Inb
F∂nh klnXw Bdp-sIm√w sIm≠v ]Tn-°Ww. CXn\p {]am-Ww:˛
ÿmWp- c bw `mc- l mcx Inem- ` q- Z - [ oXy
thZw \ hnPm-\mXnftbmfcvYav. tbmfcvY⁄
CXvkIew `{Z-aiv\ptX \mItaXn ⁄m-\hn-[qX]m]vam. 51
Fs∂mcp a{¥w \ncp-‡-Øn¬ D≠v. thZØns‚ kzchpw ]mThpw am{Xw ]Tn®v A¿Yw
{Kln-°msX Ign-bp-∂h
- ≥, sNdn-bN
- n-√I
- ƒ, CeIƒ, ]qhv, Imbv, ]gw F∂n-hsb hln-°p∂
acw-t]m-sebpw [m\ym-Zn-h-kvXp-°ƒ Npa∂p
sIm≠p t]mIp∂ P¥p-hn-s\-t∏m-sebpw "`mchmln " AYhm `mcw hln-°p-∂-h≥ am{X-amWv . bYm- h n[n thZw ]Tn®v bYm- X - Y - a mb
A¿Yw {Kln-bv°p-∂-h≥ Pohn-X-Øn¬ Xs∂
]cn-]q¿W-amb B\µw A\p-`-hn®v , ac-Wm-\¥cw Xs‚ ⁄m\w sIm≠v ]m]-ß-sf√mw
£bn-∏n®v , [¿am-\p-jvTm-\-Øns‚ al-ØzØm¬ ]c-am-\-µsØ {]m]n-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv.
DX Xzx ]iy∂ ZZcvi hmN-ap-X- Xzx -irWz∂ irtWm-tXy-\m-av. DtXm Xzkvssa X\zw
]Tn-®mepw ssIh-cp-∂-X-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ alm∑m-cmb al¿jn-am¿ Kuc-h-ta-dnb hnj-b-ßsf-t∏mepw A\m-bm-tk\ a\- n-em-°-Ø-°hÆw Xß- f psS {KŸ- ß - f n¬ shfn- h m- ° nbn´p≠v. AØcw hnj-b-{]-Xn-]m-Z\w £p{Z-_p≤n-Iƒ sIń-®-a® {KŸ-ß-fn¬ Fßs\ D≠mIm≥? al¿jnamcpsS Bi-b-{]-Xn-]m-Z\w Ignbp-∂{X kpK-ahpw Aev]-Imew sIm≠v {Kln°m-hp-∂-Xp-am-bn-cn°pw. £p{Z-_p-≤n-Iƒ cNn°p∂ IrXn-Iƒ ]Wn-s∏´p ]Tn-®mepw AXyev]-amb ⁄m\-em`w am{Xw D≠m-I-Ø-°-hn[-Øn¬ Ign-bp-∂{X ITn-\am°n cNn-®n-cn-°p∂p. Ah-cpsS {KŸ-ßƒ A`y-kn-°p-∂-Xv, aea-dn®v Nn√n-°miv Is≠-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\v Xpey-amWv. B¿j-{K-Ÿ-ß-fpsS A[y-b-\-am-I-s´, H‰
apßn\v hne-tb-dnb \nc-h[n apØp-Iƒ hmcns°m≠p hcp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bm-Wv. hymI-cWw
]Tn-®-Xn\p tijw bmkvI-ap\n cNn® \nL≠phpw 48 \ncp-‡hpw A¿Y-tØm-Sp-IqSn Gsg´p-amkw sIm≠v ]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNø-Ww. \mkvXn-I-∑m¿ \n¿an-®n-´p≈ Aa-ctIm- i mZn 49 {KŸ- ß - f n¬ A\- h [n Imew
hy¿Y-am-°-cp-Xv. ]n∂oSv ]nwK-fm-Nm-cy≥ D≠m°n-bn-´p≈ Otµm-{KŸw ]Tn-®v, sshZn-I-ßfpw
euIn-I-ß-fp-amb Oµ- p-I-fpsS (hr-Ø-ß-fpsS) \nb-a-ßfpw ]Zy-c-N-\m-co-Xnbpw a‰pw hgnt]mse a\- n-em-°-Ww. Otµm-{K-Ÿw, t«mIc-N-\m-co-Xn, {]kvXm-c-ßƒ, F∂nh \mep-amkw- s Im≠v ]Tn- ° p- I - b pw ]Tn- ∏ n- ° p- I bpw
sNømw. Aev]_
-- p-≤n-I-fpsS cN-\-bmb hrØc-Xv\m-Icw apX-embhbn¬ Imew ]mgm-°-cpXv. ]n∂oSv a\p-kvar-Xn, hmevao-In-cm-am-b-Ww,
alm-`m-c-X-Ønse DtZym-K-]¿h-Øn-ep≈ hnZpc-\oXn apX-em-b, Zpcm-Nm-c-ßsf Zqco-I-cn-°p∂
kwkvIm-c-k-ºm-Z-I-ß-fmb DØ-a-`m-K-ßƒ
Imhyw ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ coXn-bn¬ ]Z-t—-Zw, A¿Yw,
A\z- b w, hnti- j - W - h n- t i- j yßƒ F∂nh
48 \ncp‡w 7˛13 ¬ c≠p-X-hW kam-avt\ F∂
DØ-a-]p-cp-j-{Inb ImWp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v
\nL-≠phpw bmkvI-Ir-Xn-sb∂p sXfn-bp-∂p,
49 thZm¿Y-t_m-[a
- p-≠m-Ip-hm≥ Ch-sbm∂pw {]tbm-P\
{]Z-a-√m-bvI-bm-epw, \ncp-‡w, \nL≠p F∂n-h-bpsS
A[y-b\w sshZn-I˛- e
- u-InI i_vZm¿Y-t_m[w
\¬Ip-∂-Xn-\mepw al¿jn Aa-c-tImiw kn≤m¥
IuapZn BZn-bm-b-h-bpsS A[y-b-\sØ X≈n-∏-d-bp∂-Xm-W.v
50 kma-{_m-“W
- ß
- ƒ Fs´-Æa
- p-≠v.
51 \ncp‡w 1.1.8.
51
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
]ncn-hp-I-fp-≠v. cmPy-X-{¥-Øn¬ H∂m-a-Xmbn
ssk\y-\n-b-{¥-Ww, ikv{Xm-kv{X-hn-Zy, \m\m{]-Im-c-Øn-ep≈ hyql-\n¿amWw F∂nh A`ykn-°-Ww. hyql-\n¿am-W-amWv C°m-esØ
Ihm-Øv. AXv i{Xp-°-tfmSv bp≤w sNøptºmƒ {]tbm-Kn-°p-hm-\mbn \∂mbn A`y-kn°-Ww. {]Pm-kw-c£
- W
- w. A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-Sp-Ø¬
\ymb-]q¿hw \m´msc A\p-c-RvPn-∏n-°p∂ \bX-{¥w, ZpjvS∑msc bYm-tbmKyw Aa¿Ø¬
injvS-]-cn-]m-e-\-{I-aw, F∂n-h-sb√mw ]Tn-°Ww. Cu cmjv{S-X-{¥sØ Cu c≠v sIm√wsIm≠v ]Tn-°-Ww. ]n∂oSv Km\-hnZy F∂p
]d-bp∂ Km‘¿h thZ-Ønse kzcw, cmKw,
cmKn-Wn, Imew, Xmfw, {Kmaw, Xm\w, hmZn{Xw, \rØw, KoXw F∂nh bYm-hn[n ]Tn-°Ww. Ah-bn¬ {][m-\-ambn kma-th-Z-Øns‚
Km\-coXn hmZn-{X-hm-Z-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn A`y-kn°-Ww. \mc-Z-kw-lnX apX-emb Ejn- {]-Wo-Xß-fmb kwKo-X-im-kv{X-{K-Ÿ-ßfpw ]Tn-°Ww. F∂m¬ hnZq-j-I-∑m¿ thiymw-K-\-am¿,
sshcm-Kn-Iƒ F∂n-h-cpsS hnj-bm-k‡n P\I-amb ]Sp-]m-´p-Iƒ ]Tn®v IgpX Ic-bp-∂-Xpt]mse i_vZn®p ioen-°-cp-Xv. inev]-hnZy
F∂p ]d-bm-dp≈ A¿Y-th-Z-amWv XpS¿∂v
A`y-kn-t°-≠X
- v. AXn¬ ]Zm¿Y-ßf
- psS KpWhn-⁄m\w {Inbm-Iu-iew \m\m-hn[ hkvXp°- f psS \n¿amWw F∂p XpSßn ]rYnhn
apX¬ BImiw hsc-bp-f-f hnZy-I-f-`y-kn-°Ww. sFiz-cy-k-ºØp h¿≤n-∏n-°p∂ Cu
hnZy°p tijw tPymXnximkv{X-amb kqcykn-≤m-¥-Ønse _oP-K-Wn-Xw, A¶-K-Wn-Xw,
`qtKm-f-im-kv{Xw, BIm-i-hn-Zy, `qK¿`-hnZy
F∂nh c≠p-sIm√w sIm≠p ]Tn-°-Ww. AXp
Ign-™m¬ F√m hn[-Øn-ep≈ ssIsØm-gnep- I ƒ b{¥- h nZy apX- e m- b Xp ]Tn- ° mw.
F∂m¬ {Klw, \£- { Xw, PmX- I w, cmin,
aplq¿Øw apX-em-b-h-bpsS ê-ßƒ ]d-bp∂
{KŸ- ß - s f√mw hymP- ß - f m- I - b m¬ Ahsbm∂pw ]Tn-°-cp-Xv. Cßs\ Ccp-]tXm Ccp]-Øn-sbm-t∂m 52 sIm√w-sIm≠v kIe hnZy-
hnkkvt{X Pmtb-h- ]Xy DiXo kphm-kmx.
(E-.10.71.4) ]Tn-∏n-√m-Ø-h¿ tIƒ°p-∂p-s≠¶nepw tIƒ°p-∂n√ ; ImWp-∂p-s≠-¶nepw
ImWp-∂n√.- kw-km-cn-°p∂ps≠¶nepw kwkmcn-°p-∂n-√,- hn-Zym-`ym-kw sNøm-Ø-h¿ Cu
hm°p-I-fpsS A¿Yhpw Cu hnZy-bpsS clkyhpw Adn-bp-hm≥ i‡-cm-Ip-∂n√ F∂¿Yw.
i_v Z m- ¿ Ykw_- ‘ - a - d n- b p∂ Hcp- h - \ m- I s´,
tamSn-bmbn BSbpw, `wKn-bn¬ B`-c-W-ß-fpa-Wn-™v, ]Xn-bm¬ Iman-X-bmbn Xs‚ ico-ctØbpw kuµ-cy-tØbpw ]Xn-bpsS apºn¬
{]Im-in-∏n-°p∂ ]Xv\n-tb-t∏mse, hnZy Xs‚
kzcq-]sØ hnZzm≥am¿°v kzb-tah {]Im-in∏n- ° p∂p; ]Tn∏n- √ m- Ø - h ¿°v {]Z¿in- ∏ n-°pIbn√.
EtNm A£tc ]cta thyma≥ b-kvan≥
tZhm A[n hntiz \ntj-Zpx. bkvX∂ thZ
InarNm Icn-jyXn b CØ-Zzn-Zp-kX
v - Cta kamk-tX. (E.1.1.64.39) Fßpw \nd-™n-cn-°p∂,
F√m-h-tc-°m-fp-ap-∂-X-\mb Cuiz-c-\nemWv
kIe hnZz-÷-\-ßfpw kqcym-Zn-I-fmb kIe
temI-ßfpw {]XnjvTnX-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. thZß-fpsS apJy-amb s]mcpƒ apgph\pw B PKZo-iz-c-\n-emWv ]cy-h-km-\n-°p-∂-Xv. Aß-s\bp≈ B ]c-{_-“sØ Adn-bm-Ø-h≥ EtKzZm-Zn-Ifm¬ sX√p kuJy-sa-¶nepw t\Sp-hm≥
i‡t\m? Hcn- ° epw A√. thZm- [ y- b \w
sNbvXv, [m¿am-flm-hpw,-tbm-Kn-bp-ambn. A∆-Æsa-√m-ap≈ {_“sØ Bcm-™d
- n-bp-∂h
- s
- c√mw
Cuiz-c-\n¬ ÿnXn sNbvXv tam£-am-Ip∂ ]cam-\-µsØ {]m]n-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ ]Tn-°pIbpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv apgp-h\pw
A¿Y-⁄m-\tØmSp IqSn Bbn-cn-°Ww.
Cßns\ F√m thZ- ß fpw A[y- b \w
sNbvX-tijw Bbp¿th-Zw,-N-c-Iw, -kp-{ip-Xw,ap- X - e mb Ejn {]- W o- X - ß - f mb sshZyimkv{X{K-Ÿß
- ƒ A¿Y-kl
- nXw tOZ\w ˛t`Z-\w˛ ikv{X-{In-bI
- ƒ, \nZm\w, Huj[w {ZhyKpWw, ]Yym-]-Yy-ßƒ, ico-cw, tZiw, Imew, hkvXp-°ƒ F∂n-h-sb√mw a\- n-em-°ns°m≠v \mep sIm√-Øn\p-≈n¬ ]Tn-°pIbpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-I-bbpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. A\¥cw A`y- k nt°≠Xv cmPy- k w- _ - ‘ - a mb
[\p¿th-Z-am-Ip-∂p. CXn\v \nP-cmP ]pcp-jkw-_-‘n, {]Pm-kw-_‘n F∂n-ßs\ c≠p
52 ChnsS h¿j-K-W-\-bn¬ A]m-IX kw`-hn-®-Xmbn
]e hnZzm-∑mcpw KWn-°p-∂p. al¿jn-bpsS as‰mcp
IrXn-bmb kwkvIm-c-hn-[n-bn¬ A[y-b-\-Imew 31
h¿j-am-sW∂v Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. (th-Zm-cw-`{- ]-Ic
- W
- w,
Ah-km\ JWvUn-I) AhnsS Ime-K-W\ C{]-Im-cam-Wv. hymI-cWw 3 h¿jw \ncp-‡hpw ]nMvK-f-
52
aq∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
]cXx{]amWß-fm-Wv. Ah-bpsS {]mamWyw
thZ-hm-Wn°v A[o-\-am-Ip-∂p. thZ-Øns‚
hnti-j-hym-Jym\w EtKz-ZmZn `mjy-`q-an-I 53
t\m°n Adn™p sImt≈-≠-Xm-Wv. Cu {KŸØnepw A\y{X bYm-bp‡w {]kvXpX hnjb-sØ-∏‰n {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
C\n ]cn- X y- P n- ° - s∏- t S≠ {KŸ- ß- t f- h sb∂p t\m°mw. Xmsg t]¿ ]d-bp∂ {KŸß-sf√mw Ak-Xy-{K-Ÿ-ß-fm-Ip-∂p. 1. hymI-cW-Øn¬ ImX-{¥x, kmc-kzXw, N{µnI apKv≤t_m-[w, IuapZn, at\m-c-a, tiJcw apX-em-bh. 2. tImi-Øn¬ Aa-c-tImiw apX-em-b-h.
3. Oµx-im-kv{X-Øn¬ hrØ-c-Xv\m-Icw XpSßn-b-h. 4. in£- b n¬ AY- i n£mw {]h£yman ]mWn-\obw aXw -bYm F∂p XpSßp-∂-Xv. 5. tPymXn-j-Øn¬ io{L-t_m-[w,
aplq¿Ø-Nn-¥m-aWn apX-em-b-h. 6. ImhyØn¬ \mbn-Im-t`-Zw, Iph-e-bm-\-µw, cLp-hwiw, amLw, Incm-Xm¿Pp-\obw apX-em-b. 7.
aoamw-k-bn¬ [¿a-kn-‘p, {hXm¿°w apX-embh 8. sshti-jn-I-Øn¬ X¿°-kw-{Klw XpSßn-b-h. 9. \ymb-Øn¬ PmK-Zoio apX-em-bh
10 tbmK-Øn¬ lT{]-Zo-]nI apX-em-bh 11.
kmwJy-Øn¬ kmwJy-X-Øz-Iu-apZn apX-emb-h. 12. thZm-¥Ø
- n¬ tbmK-hm-kn-jvTw, ]©Zin apX- e m- b - h. 13. sshZy- i m- k v { X- Ø n¬
im¿MvK-[-c-kw-lnX apX-em-b-h. 14. kvarXnbn¬ a\p-kvar-Xn-bn-ep-≈ {]£n]vX t«mIßfpw as‰√m kvarXn-I-fpw. 15. kIe X{¥{K-Ÿ-ßƒ, kIe ]pcm-W-ßƒ, F√m D]-]pcm-W-ßƒ Xpfko-Zmkcmam-bWw cp‹n-Woaw-Kfw apX-emb `mjm-{K-Ÿ-ßƒ F∂n-hsb√mw kzI-t]meIev]n-X-ß-fm-I-bm¬ sI´pI-YI
- f
- m-Ip-∂p.
tNmZyw˛ Cu ]d™ {KŸ-ß-fn¬ Ipd-®pt]mepw kXy-ant√?
DØ- c w˛ kzev ] w kXy- a p- ≠ v . ]t£ H∏w
A[nIw Ak- X yhpw D≠v . AXn- \ m¬ Ahsb√mw ""hnj- k w- ] r- ‡ m- ∂ hXv XymPymx''
hnjw Ie¿∂ `£Ww t]mse XymPy- ß fm- W v .
Ifpw A`y-kn®v DØa hnZym-`ymkw t\Sn IrXIr-Xy-cmbn kZm B\-µ-Øn¬ h¿Øn-°-Ww.
Cu coXn-bn¬ Ccp-]tXm Ccp-]-sØmt∂m
h¿jw sIm≠v e`n-°p∂ ⁄m\w as‰mcp
coXn-bn-em-bm¬ \q‰m≠p sIm≠pw e`n-°n√.
al¿jn-am¿ henb hnZzm-∑m-cpw, kI-e-im-kv{Xhn-im-c-Z∑mcpw [¿am-flm-°-fp-am-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠mWv Ah-cpsS {KŸ-ßsf A[y-b\w sNøW-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. a‰p-≈-h¿ A[nIw ]Tn°mØ Aev]⁄
cpw ]£-]m-Xn-If
- p-am-Ib
- m¬
Ah-cpsS IrXn-Ifpw A{]-Im-c-am-bn-cn-°mt\
CS-bp-f-fq.
]q¿h- a o- a mw- k °v hymk- a p\n cNn®
hymJym-\w, sshti-jnI kq{X-ßƒ°v KuXa-ap\n \n¿an® `mjyw, \ymb-kq-{X-ßƒ°v
hm’ym-b-\-ap\n D≠m-°nb `mjyw, ]XRvPen al¿jn-bpsS tbmK-kq-{X-ßƒ°v hymk-a-lm-ap-\n-bpsS `mjyw, I]n-e-ap-\o-Ir-Xamb kmwJy-kq-{X-ßƒ°v `mKp-cn-ap\n cNn®
`mjyw, hymk- a p- \ n- b psS thZm- ¥ - k q- { Xßƒ°v hm’ym-b-\-ap-\ntbm _u[m-b-\ap\n-tbm cNn® `mjyw, F∂o B¿j-{K-Ÿ-ßsf√mw \∂mbn ]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNø-Ww. CXym-Zn-Isf Iev]mw-K-ß-fmbn KWn°mw. EIv, bPp-kv, kmaw, AY¿hw F∂o
\mep thZ-ßƒ Cu-iz-c-Ir-X-ß-fmWv. AXpt]mse sFX-tc-bw, iX-]Y
- w, kmaw, tKm]Yw
F∂o \mev {_m“-W-ßfpw in£, Iev]w,
hymI- c - W w, \nL- ≠ p˛\ncp- ‡ w, Oµ- k v ,
tPymXn-jw F∂o Bdv thZmw-K-ßfpw aoamwkmZn Z¿i-\-ßfm-Ip∂ Bdv imkv{X D]mw-Kßfpw Bbp¿th-Zw, [\p¿th-Zw, Km‘¿hth-Zw, A¿Y-thZw F∂o \mep D]-th-Z-ßfpw
Ejn-am-cmepw ap\n-am-cmepw D≠m-°-s∏´ {KŸß-fm-Ip-∂p. Ch-bn¬ thZ-hn-cp-≤-am-bn-´p-≈sX√mw X≈n-°-f-b-Ww. thZ-ßƒ Cuiz-c-IrX-am-I-bm¬ sX‰n-√m-Ø-hbpw kzXx-{]-am-W-ßfp- a mWv . thZ- ß ƒ°v kzbw {]mamWyw
Ds≠∂¿Yw.- {_m- “ - W mZn {KŸ- ß - s f√mw
O-µkpw (8+4) 1 h¿jw, kmlnXyw 1 h¿jw ,
Bdp Z¿i\w 2 h¿jw, \mep {_m“-W-ßƒ
klnXw thZw 6 h¿jw, Bbp¿thZw 4 h¿jw
cmjv{S-X{¥w (2+2) 4 h¿jw Km‘¿h-thZw4h¿jw
A¿Y-thZw 4 h¿jw, tPymXnjw 2 h¿jw BsI
31 h¿jw. CXv kºq¿W hnZym-`ym-k-Øn-\m-h-iyamb ImeamWv. \n¿_-‘nX hnZym-`ymk Ime-a-√.
53 ae-bm-f-Øn¬ thZ-]-cy-S\w F∂ t]cn¬ Cu
{KŸw X¿Pa sNbvXn-´p-≠v.
(ssh-Zn-Ik
- m-ln-Xy-]c
- n-jØ
- v, sNß-∂q¿).
53
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
hn[n°pw ]Sn Rm≥ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂p 56. thZw
F\n°v kzoIm-cy-am-Ib
- m¬ thZw Xs∂-bmWv
Fs‚ aXw. Cßs\ a\p-jy-sc√mw hninjy
t{ijvTa- m-\h
- ¿ AwKo-Ic
- n®p h¿Øn-t°-≠X
- m-W.v
tNm˛ kXym-k-Xy-ßfpw {KŸ-ß-fpsS ]ckv]c
- h
- n-tcm-[hpw a‰pw imkv{X-ßf
- nepw D≠v.
DZm- l - c - W - Ø n\v krjvSn- h n- j - b - Ø n¬
jUvZ¿i-\-ßƒ°p XΩn-ep≈ A`n-{]m-b-`n∂X FSpØp ]d-bm-hp-∂X
- m-Wv. krjvSn-bpsS
D¤hw I¿a-Øn¬ \n∂m-sW∂v aoamw-kbpw
Ime-Øn¬ \n∂m-sW∂v sshti-jn-Ih
- pw, ]cam-Wp-°-fn¬ \n∂m-sW∂v \ymb-hpw. ]pcpjm¿Y-Øn¬ \n∂m-sW∂v tbmK-hpw. {]IrXn-bn¬ \n∂m-sW∂v kmwJy-hpw, {_“-Øn¬
\n∂m- s W∂v thZm- ¥ hpw ]d- b p- ∂ p. CXv
hntcm-[-at√?
D˛ H∂m-aXv, kmwJyw, thZm-¥w, F∂o c≠p
Z¿i-\-ß-fn-sem-gnsI a‰p \mep Z¿i-\-ß-fnepw
krjvSn-bpsS Dev]Øn hni-Z-ambn Fgp-Xn-bnń-√. Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≈-Xn¬ hntcm[w C√-Xm-\pw.
hntcm[w Ahn- t cm[w F∂n- h - s b- ∏ ‰n
Xm¶ƒ°v ⁄m\- a n- √ . Rm≥ tNmZn- ° - s ´,
hntcm[w Fhn-sS-bm-Wp-≈Xv? Htc hnj-b-Øntem, AtXm hn`n∂ hnj-b-ß-fntem?
tNm˛ Hcp hnj-b-sØ-∏‰n ]e-cp-sSbpw
hn`n-∂m-`n-{]mbØns\-bmWv hntcm[w F∂p]-d-bp-∂-Xv. ChnsS "krjvSn' Hcp hnj-b-amWv.
D:˛ hnZy F∂Xv Ht∂m At\- I tam?
H∂mWv: H∂m-sW-¶n¬ hymI-cWw, sshZyw,
tPymXnjw XpS-ßnb `n∂-hn-j-b-ßƒ F¥n\mWv? Htc hnZy-bn¬ hn`n-∂-ß-fmb At\Iw
hnZy-I-fpsS Ah-b-h-ßƒ Iqń-t®¿Øv {]Xn]m-Zn-°p-∂Xv Fß-s\-bmtWm AXp-t]mse
krjvSn-bpsS hn`n-∂-ß-fmb Bdv Ah-b-hßsf Bdv Z¿i-\-ß-fn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p∂p. AXn¬ H´pw hntcm-[-an-√. Hcp IpSw D≠m-
tNm˛ Xm¶ƒ ]pcm- t W- X n- l m- k - ß sf
AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂nt√?
D˛ D≠v . kXy- a m- b - X ns\ am{Xw. AkXysØ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√.
tNm˛ GXmWv kXyw? GXmWv anYy?
D˛ {_m“-Wm-\o-Xn-lm-km≥ ]pcm-Wm\n
Iev]m≥ KmYm \mcm-iw-ko-cn-Xn 54. CXv Krlykq- { X- Ø n- e p- ≈ - X m- W v . ""apºp ]d- ™ n- ´ p≈
sFX- t c- b w, iX- ] Yw apX- e mb {_m“- W ßƒ°v CXn-lm-kw, ]pcm-Ww, Iev]w, KmY
\mcm- i wko F∂nßs\ A©p t]cp- I fps≠''∂mWv CXns‚ A¿Yw. 55 {ioa-Zv`m-KhXw XpS-ßn-bp-ff {KŸ-ßƒ°v ]pcm-W-sa∂p
t]¿ C√.
tNm˛ Xt≈-≠X
- mbn ]d™ {KŸ-ßf
- nse
kXyw kzoIm-cy-at√? F¥p-sIm≠v AXv,
kzo-I-cn-°p-∂n√?
D˛ Ah-bn¬ ImWp∂ kXy-sa√mw imkv{Xß-fn-ep-≈-Xm-Wv. Ah-bn-ep≈ Ak-Xy-am-I-s´,
Ah-bpsS kz¥-hpw. thZmZn kXyim-kv{Xßsf ssIs°m-≈p-∂-Xm-bm¬ kXyw apgph\pw {Kln-°mw. anYym {KŸ-ßfn¬ \n∂p
kXyw {Kln-°p-hm≥ B{K-ln-°p∂ Bfn\v
Ah-bnse Ak-Xyhpw IqSn kzoI-cnt® ]‰q.
AXn-\m¬ ""Ak-Xy-an{iw kXyw Zqc-X-kvXymPy-anXn'' AkXyw Ie¿∂ {KŸ-ßf
- nse kXyhpw, hnjw Ie¿∂ `£Ww t]mse ]cn-XymPy-am-Wv.
tNm˛ Xm¶-fpsS aXw GXmWv?
D˛ thZ-amWv Fs‚ aX-w. A\pjvTn°-Ws
- at∂m, A\p-jvTn-°m-Xn-cn-°-cp-sXt∂m thZw
54 Bizemb\ Krlykq{Xw 3.3.1 se ]mTw
{_m“-Wm\n Iev]m≥ KmYm
\mcm-iw-ko-cn-Xl
- mk ]pcm-Wm-\oXn F∂m-Wv.
ssXØcob BcWyIw. 2.9 ¬ ChnsS D≤-cn®
]mTw ImWmw.
55 kmb-W≥, ssXØncob BcWyIw 2.9 s‚
hymJym-\Ø
- n¬ CXn-lmk ]pcm-Wß
- ƒ F∂-Xn\v
{_m“-Wh
- N
- \
- ß
- ƒ (C-Xn-lmkw, alm-`m-cX
- mZn
]pcm-Ww, {_m“-W-ßƒ) F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
A∆Æw Xs∂ ssXØncob BcWyIw 8.2 epw
(]q\m FUn-j≥ t]Pv 563)
_rl-Zm-c-Wy-tIm-]-\n-jØv 2.4.10 s‚ hymJym-\Øn¬ {ioi-¶c
- ≥ ]pcm-Ws
- a-∂X
- n\v
{_m“-W{- K-Ÿm-¥¿K-Xa
- mb hninjvS
hN-\-ß-sf∂p \n¿tZ-in-°p-∂p.
56 hnln-X-am-bXp sNøp-I, Ahn-ln-X-am-bXv
XyPn-°pI F∂¿Yw. {]Xn-tj-[n-°m-Ø-Xns\
AYhm A\p-jvTn-°-W-sa∂v khn-ti-j-ambn \n¿t±in-°m-ØX
- ns\ A\p-jvTn-°m-hp-∂X
- m-Wv, aoamwkm
Z¿i-\-Øn¬ ssPan\n ]d-bp-∂p. hntcms[ Xz\t]£yw kymZ-kXn ly\p-am\av (1.32) (th-Zhpw
{_m“-Whpw ]c-kv]cw hncp-≤-ambn ]d-™m¬
thZ-am-W,v {_m“-W-a-√ {]am-Ww).
54
aq∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
dn, ap°p-dn, `kva°
- pdn F∂nh [cn-°p-I, s]m´psXm-Sp-I, cp{Zm-£-ame [cn-°p-I, Xpf-kn-ame
[cn-°p-I, GIm-Zin t\m°p-I, {]tZm-j-{h-Xam-N-cn-°p-I, Imin apX-emb ÿe-ß-fn-te°v
Xo¿Y-bm{X sNøp-I, cma≥, IrjvW≥, \mcmb-W≥, inh≥, `K-hX
- n, KW-]Xn apX-emb \makva-cWw F∂n-h-bm¬ ]m]-a-I∂p t]mIpsa∂p hniz-kn-°p-I, I]-S-k-\ym-kn-am-cpsS D]tZiw tI´v hnZym-`ym-k-Øn¬ A{i-≤, hnZym[y- b - \ w, [¿am- \ p- j v T m- \ w, tbmKm- ` y- k - \ w,
Cuiz-tcm-]m-k\ F∂n-h-sb√mw shSn™v
]pcm-W-sa∂p ]d-bp∂ `mK-hXw XpS-ßn-b-hbnse sI´p-IY tI´m¬ tam£w In´p-sa∂p
hniz-kn-°p-I, AXym-{K-lw, aqew [\-Øn¬
am{Xw {i≤n®v hnZysb shdp-°p-I, Aßp-anßpw
shdpsX Ae-™p-Xn-cn-bpI Cßs\ ]e A\mh-iy-ßf
- n¬ s]Sp-∂h
- ¿ {_“-Nc
- yhpw hnZybpw
kºm-Zn-°msX tcmKn-Ifpw aqV-∑m-cp-am-bn-Øocp-∂p. PmXn-ap-d-b-\p-k-cn®v ZznP-cmb C°mesØ {_m“-W¿ a‰p-≈-hsc hnZy, k’wKw
F∂n-h-bn¬ \n∂v AI‰n Xß-fpsS he-bn¬
IpSp°n Ah-cpsS ico-cw, a\-kv, [\w F∂nhsb \in-∏n-°p-Ibpw£{Xn-bmZn PmXn-°m¿
]Tn®v hnZzm-∑m-cm-bm¬ Ah¿ Xß-fpsS IpSp°n¬ \n∂v c£-s∏´v Xß-fpsS I≈-Ø-c-sa√m-a-dn™v A]-am-\n-t®-°p-sa∂p hnNm-cn-°pIbpw sNøp-∂p. Cßs\-bp≈ hnLv\-ßsf
`c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw P\-ßfpw tN¿∂v Hgn-hm°n
Xß-fpsS a°sf ]Tn-∏p-≈-h-cm-°p-hm≥ icocw, a\-kv, [\w F∂n-h-bm¬ {]h¿Øn-°-Ww.
tNm˛ kv{XoIfpw iq{Z-∑mcpw thZw ]Tn°tWm? Ah¿ ]Tn-®m¬ ]ns∂ \mw F¥p
sNøpw? Ah¿ ]Tn-°Wsa∂-Xn\v {]amWw
Cs√-∂p am{X-a√ \ntj-[-ap≠p Xm\pw:˛
kv { Xo iq{Zu \m[o- b m- X m- a nXn {iptXx
(kv{Xobpw iq{Z\pw ]Tn-°-cp-sX∂v {ipXnbp
≠p F∂¿Yw) 58
D˛ kIe kv { Xo]pcpj- ∑ m¿°pw˛a- \ pjy¿s°-√mw-˛-]-Tn-°m≥ Ah-Im-i-ap-≠v. Cu
{ipXn hmIyw \nß-fpsS kz¥w IrXn-bm-Wv.
{]mam-WnI {KŸ-ß-fn-sem-∂p-ap-≈-X-√. CXp-
°p- ∂ - X n¬ I¿aw, Imew, aÆv , hnNm- c w,
kwtbm-Kw, hntbmKw XpS-ßnb ]pcp-jm¿Yßƒ ({]-b-Xv\-ßƒ). {]Ir-Xn-bpsS KpW-ßƒ,
Ipi-h≥F∂nhsb√mw Imc-W-ß-fm-Wv. AXpt]mse krjvSn-bpsS Imc-W-amb I¿a-Øns‚
hymJym\w aoamw- k - b nepw Ime- Ø ns‚
hymJym\w sshti-jn-I-Ønepw 57. D]m-Zm-\Im-c-W-Øns‚ hymJym\w \ymb-Ønepw, ]pcpjm¿Y-Øns‚ hymJym\w tbmK-Øn-epw, XXzß- f psS A\p- { I- a - a mb ]cn- K - W - \ - b psS
hymJym\w kmwJy-Ønepw \nan-Ø-Im-c-W-ambn-cn-°p∂ {_“-Øns‚ hymJym\w thZm-¥Ønepw hnkvX-cn®p sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. Chsbm∂pw ]c-kv]c hncp-≤-a-√. sshZyimkv{XØn¬ \nZm\w NnIn-’, Huj-[-{]-tbm-Kw,
]Yyw apX-emb hn`n∂ {]I-c-W-ß-fp-≠v. Ahbp- s S- s b√mw ]c- a - e £yw tcmK- \ n- h m- c Ww
am{X-amWv AXp-t]mse krjvSn-bpsS Bdv ImcW-ß-fn¬ Hmtcm∂pw Hmtcm imkv{X-Im-c-∑m¿
hymJym-\n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ AXn-sem´pw
hntcm-[-an-√. CXns‚ hnkvXrX hymJym\w
krjvSn-{]-I-c-W-Øn¬ sNømw. A[yb-\m-[ym]-\-ß-fnse hnLv\-ß-sf-sb√mw XyPn-°-Ww.
ZpjvS kwk¿Kw, I≈p-Ip-Sn, thiym-K-a\w,
_mey-hn-hm-lw, (C-cp-]-Øn-b©p hb- n\p
apºv ]pcp-j-\pw, ]Xn-\mdp hb- n\p apºv
kv{Xobpw hnhmlw sNøp-∂-Xv) ]q¿W-amb
{_“-Ncyw ]men-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I, thZw XpSßnb kXy-im-kv{X-ßsf {]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬
`c-Wm-[n-]≥, amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿, hnZzm-∑m¿
F∂n-h¿°v sshap-Jyw, AXn-`m-jW
- w, A[nIw
Dd-°-sam-gn-°p-I, ]Tn-°p-∂-Xn-epw, ]co-£n-°s∏-Sp-∂-Xnepw aSntbm Ifthm ImWn-°p-I,
hnZym-em-`sØ k¿thm-]-cn-bmbn Icp-Xm-Xn-cn°p-I, {_“-N-cy-Øm¬ _ew, _p≤n, ]cm-{Iaw, Btcm-Kyw, cmPyw, [\w F∂nh h¿≤n-°psa∂p hniz-kn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I, Cuiz-cs\ [ym\n°msX Icn-¶-√n¬ sImØnb AtN-X\ hn{Kl-ßsf hW-ßp-∂-Xn¬ shdpsX Imew Ifbp-I, A—-\-Ω-am¿, AXn-Yn, Kpcp, hnZzm-∑m¿
F∂n-hsc k-Xy-hn-{K-l-ß-fmbn IcpXn AhcpsS ip{iq-jbpw kwk¿Khpw sNøm-Xn-cn°pI, h¿Wm{i-a-[¿a-ßsf XyPn®v tKm]n-°p-
58 \kv{Xo iq{Zu thZ-a[
- o-bm-Xm-av,
F∂v aoamw-kb
- psS \ymb-{]-Imi SoIm-Im-c≥
cY-Im-cs‚ At\ym-[m-\m-[n-Im-cs
- a∂v
{]I-cW
- m-¥y-Øn-ep-≤c
- n-®n-´p-≠v.
57 tizXm-iz-Xt- cm-]\
- n-jØ
- n¬ (1.2) krjvSnIm-cW
- ß
- f
- n-sem-∂mbn Ime-Øns\ KWn-®n-´p-≠v.
55
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
Whpw ]T- \ hpw \njn- ≤ - s a- ¶ n¬ Ah¿°v
\m°pw-sN-hnbpw sImSp-Ø-sX-¥n\v? ]rYn-hn,
Pew, A·n, hmbp, N{µ≥, kqcy≥, A∂mZn
]Zm¿Y-ßƒ F∂n-h-sb√mw F√m-h¿°pw D]tbm-Kn-°p-hm-\mbn krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂X
- p-t]mse
F√m a\p-jy¿°pw th≠n-bmWv thZ-{]-Im-i\-hpw. C\n iq{Z≥ A[y-b\w sNø-cp-sX∂p
h√ \ntj-[hpw Fßm\pw Ds≠-¶n¬ Xs∂
AXns‚ A¿Yw C{]-Im-c-am-Wv. ]Tn-°p-Ibpw
]Tn-∏n-°p-I-bpw sNbvXm¬ a\- n-em-°mØ
Ah≥ aµ-_p-≤nbpw aqV-\p-am-bX
- p-sIm≠v iq{Z\m-Wv. Ah≥ ]Tn-°p-∂Xpw Ahs\ ]Tn-∏n°p-∂Xpw \njv^-e-am-Wv. AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂,
kv{XoIƒ ]Tn-°-cp-sX∂v hne-°p-∂Xv \nßfpsS aqV-X-bp-sSbpw kzm¿Y-Øn-s‚bpw B[nIy-a√
- msX as‰m-∂p-a√
- . I\y-Ia
- m¿°v A[y-b\w
hn[n-°p∂ {]amWw t\m°p-I˛
{_“- N - t cyW I\ym- b p- h m\w hnµtX
]Xnav (A-Y¿ 11.24.3.18) ]pcp-j∑
- m¿ {_“-Ncyw
A\p-jvTn-®v, ]q¿W-hn-Zym-`ym-khpw DØ-aamb
in£-Whpw t\Sn bphXnIfpw hnZp-jn-I-fpw,
A\p-Iq-e-I-fpw, A\p-cq-]-I-fpw, {]nb-I-fp-amb
]Xv\n-amsc kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse (I-\ym)
I\y-Ibpw ({_-“-N-tcy-W) {_“-Ncyw A\pjvTn-®v, thZm-Zn-im-kv{X-ßƒ ]Tn-®v, ]q¿W-hnZybpw DØ-ai
- n-£W
- hpw t\Sn ]q¿W buh\w
{]m]n-°p-tºmƒ X\n°v Xpey\pw {]nb\pw
hnZzm\pw (bp-hm-\m-av) bphm-hp-amb ]pcp-js\
(hn-µ-tX) {]m]n-°s´ F∂¿Yw. AXn-\m¬
kv{XoIƒ°v {_“-N-cyhpw hnZym-`ym-khpw
AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-am-Wv.
tNm˛ kv { XoIfpw thZm- [ y- b \w sNø
tWm?
D˛ \n›-b-am-bpw. {iuX-kq{Xw XpS-ßnb
{KŸ-ß-fn¬ ""Caw a{¥w ]Xv\o ]tTXv'' 59.
bmK- Ø n¬ ]Xv \ n a{¥w sNm√Ww F∂p
ambn t]mbn InW-‰n¬ NmSn-s°mƒI. kIe
a\p-jy¿°pw thZmZn imkv{X-ßƒ ]Tn-°phm\pw sNm√n-t°ƒ°p-hm\pw A[n-Im-c-ap-s≠∂-Xn\v bPp¿thZw Ccp-]-Øn-bm-dm-a-≤ym-bØnse c≠m-asØ a{¥w {]am-W-amWv:˛
btY-amw hmNw Ieym-Woam-hZ- m\n Pt\`yx
{_“-cm-P-\ym`ym(Mv) iq{Zmb Nmcymb N
kzmb Nmc-Wm-b.
Cuiz-c≥ ]d-bp-∂p˛ (b-Ym) Fßs\ Rm≥
(P-t\-`yx) kI-e-a-\p-jy¿°pw (C-amw) Cu (Ieym-Wow) awK-f-{]-Z-bmb AYhm kwkm-cØn¬ \n∂v tam£-kpJw \¬Ip∂ (hm-Nw)
EtKz-ZmZn \mep thZ-hm-Wn-Isf (B hZm-\n)
D]-tZ-in-°p-∂p-thm, Aßs\ \nßfpw sNbvXpsIm-≠n-cn-∏n≥. ""ChnsS P\-i-_vZ-sa-∂-Xn\v
ZznP-∑msc am{X-amWv {K-ln-t°-≠-Xv. Fs¥∂m¬, kvarXn-I-fnepw a‰p {_m“-W-˛-£-{Xn-b˛-ssh-iy¿°p am{Xta thZm-[y-b-\-Øn¬ A[nIm-c-ap-≈-Xmbn ]d-™n-´p-≈q. kv{XoIƒt°m
iq{Zm-Zn-Iƒt°m A[n-Im-c-ap-s≠∂v ]d-™nń√'' F∂p kwibw tXm∂mw. AXn-\p-Ø-cambn ]d-bp-∂-XmWv {_lva-cmP-\ym`ymw F∂p
XpS-ßp∂ a{¥-`m-Kw. Cuiz-c≥ Acp-fp-∂Xp
t\m°p-I˛ ({_“-cm-P-\ym-`ymw) {_m“-W≥,
£{Xn- b ≥ F∂n- h ¿°pw (A- c ym- b )
sshiy\pw (iq-{Zm-b) iq{Z\pw (kzm-b) Xs‚
`rXy-∑m¿, kv{XoIƒ apX-em-b-h¿°pw (A-cWm-b) AXn-iq-{Z-∑m¿°p-am-bn-´mWv thZ-ßsf
\mw {]Im-in-∏n-®n-´p-≈X
- v. F√m a\p-jycpw thZßƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-I-bpw, ]Tn-°p-I-bpw, tIƒ°pI-bpw, tIƒ∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXv ⁄m\sØ
h¿≤n-∏n-®v, kXvI¿aßƒ sNøp-Ibpw ZpjvIrXyßƒ XyPn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXv, ZpxJ-ß-fn¬
\n∂v hnap-‡-cmbn ]c-am-\-µsØ {]m]n-°pam-dm-Is´ F∂¿Yw. C\n ]d-bp-I, \nß-fpsS
hm°n-s\tbm, Cuiz-c-hm-Wn-tbtbm Rm≥
hne hbv ° Ww? Cuiz- c o- b - h - N \w Xs∂
kΩm-\yw. F∂n´pw AXns\ am\n-°m-Ø-bmƒ
\mkvXn-I-\m-Wv. ""\mkvXntIm thZ-\n-µIx''
thZsØ \nµn-°p-Ibpw AwKo-I-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°pIbpw sNøp-∂-h-\mWv \mkvXn-I≥. iq{Z-cpsS
\∑ Cuiz-c≥ C—n-°p-∂nt√? thZm-[yb-\hpw
thZ- { i- h - W hpw ZznP¿°p hn[n- ° p- I bpw
iq{Z¿°v hne-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hm≥ X°-hÆw
Cuiz-c≥ ]£-]m-Xn-bmtWm? iq{Z¿°v {ih-
59 ]Xv\nw hmN-bXn ta[ym-ta-ssh\mw ItcmXn
]ssXy-{]-Zmb hmN-tb-Zv.... thtZmfkn hnØn-ckn
(Bizem-b\ {iuXkq{Xw 1. 11) bXv ]Xv\o
]ptcmf\p hmIym-a{- _q-bmXv (ssXØcob
{_m“Ww. 1.6.5.6.) ⁄mtX N hmN\w \ly
hnZzm≥ hnlntXmf-kvXn.(ao-amwk 3.8.18)
Ch-bn-se√mw a{¥-]mTw hnZp-jn-bmb kv{Xot°
sNøm≥ Ignbq F∂p hy‡-am-°p-∂p.
60 iX]-Y{- _m-“Ww14.6.6.
Km¿Ko-bm-⁄h
- e
- vIy-kw-hm-Zw.
56
aq∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
km[y-a√
- . IW°v ]Tn-®n-s√-¶n¬ hc-hp-sN-ehp
IW-°p-Iƒ a\- n-em-°p-hm\pw a‰p-≈-h-tcmSp
IW°p ]d-bp-hm\pw Ign-bp-∂-X-√. thZm-Zn-imkv{X-ß-fpsS ⁄m\-an-s√-¶n¬ Cuiz-c-t\bpw
[¿a- t Øbpw Adn™v A[¿a- Ø n¬ \n∂v
AI∂p \n¬°p-hm≥ km[y-a-√, AXn-\m¬
{_“-N-cyw, DØ-a-in-£, hnZym-`ymkw F∂nh- b m¬ kzk- ¥ m- \ - ß - f psS ico- c - Ø n\pw
Bflm-hn\pw ]q¿W-_-e-ap-≠m-°n, Ahsc
amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ, `¿Øm-hv, iz{ip-iziqc-∑m¿,
`c- W m- [ n- ] ¿, P\- ß ƒ, Ab¬hm- k n- I ƒ,
kvt\lnX¿, _‘p-°ƒ, k¥m-\-ßƒ apX-emb-ht- cmSv [¿aw, tbmKyX F∂n-hb
- v°\
- p-kc
- n®v
s]cp-am-dm≥ {]m]vX-cm-°p∂ amXm-]n-Xm-°fmWv IrX-Ir-Xycpw [\y-hm-Zm¿l-cpw. sImSp°pw-tXmdpw Gdp∂ A£-b-\n[n CXp-X-s∂bm-Wv. a‰p-ff kº-sØ√mw sNehp sNøpwtXmdpw Ipd-bpw. Ah-Im-in-Iƒ hoXw hs®Sp°pw. hnZym-[\w am{Xta I≈-∑m¿°v I°m
\pw Ah-Im-in-Iƒ°v hoXn-s®-Sp-°m\pw Ignbm-Ø-Xm-bp-≈q. AXns‚ c£-Ww, h¿[\w
F∂nh `c- W m- [ n- ] - s ‚bpw P\- ß - f p- s Sbpw
Xpey-I¿Ø-hy-ßfmWv.
I\ym\mw k{º-Zm\w N Ipam-cmWmw N
c£Wav (a-\p. 7. 152) _me-∑m-scbpw I\y-Iam-scbpw ap≥]-d™ ImeØv {_“-N-cym-\pjvTm-\-tØmsS ]Tn-∏n-t°-≠Xv `c-Wm-[n-]s‚
I¿Ø- h y- a m- W v . Cu B⁄sb A\p- k - c n°mØ amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑msc in£n-°-Ww. F´p
hb p XnI™ BÏp-ń-Ifpw s]Ïp-ńIfpw Kpcp-Kr-l-Øn-e-√msX as‰mcp hońepw
]m¿°-cp-Xv. kam-h¿Ø-\-Øn\p apºv hnhmlw
sNøp-I-bp-a-cp-Xv. F∂p cmP-I-ev]\ D≠m°Ww F∂¿Yw.
kcvth-jm-tah Zm\m\mw {_“-Zm\w hninjy-tX. hmcy-∂tKm-a-lo-hm-k-kvXn-e-Im-©-\kchv]n-jmav (a-\p. 4.233) Pew, A∂w, ]ip,
`qan, hkv{Xw, F≈v, kz¿Ww s\øv XpS-ßnbh Zm\w sNøp-∂-Xnepw t{ijvTw thZ-hn-ZymZm-\a
- m-Wv. AXn-\m¬ ico-cw, [\w, a\ v F∂nh-bm¬ Ign-bp-∂{X ]cn-{i-an®v hnZym-`n-hr-≤nbp-≠m-°-Ww. {_“-N-cyw, hnZym-`ym-kw, thZhn- l n- X - [ ¿aw F∂n- h bv ° pw A¿l- a mb
{]Nmcw kn≤n-°p∂ cmPy-amWv ku`m-Ky-ap≈
tZiw.
\n¿t±-in-°p-∂p-≠v. thZm-Zn-im-kv{X-ßƒ A[yb\w sNbvXn-ń-√mØ Hcp kv{Xo°v bmK-Øn¬
kzc-k-lnXw a{¥w D®-cn-°m-t\m, kwkvIr-XØn¬ kwkm-cn-°p-hmt\m Fß-s\ Ignbpw?
`mc- X o- b - \ m- c o- k - a q- l - Ø ns‚ `qj- W amb
Km¿Knbpw a‰pw thZ-im-kv{X-]-cwKXbmb hnZpjn-bm-bn-cp-s∂∂v iX-]-Y-{_m-“Ww ]d-bp∂p. 60 ]pcp-j≥ ]Tn-∏p-≈-h-\pw, kv{Xo ]Tn-∏n√m-Ø-h-fp-am-bn-cn-°pI AYhm ]pcp-j≥ ]mac≥, kv{Xo hnZp-jnbpw F∂p h∂m¬ hoSptXmdpw kZm tZhm-kp-c-bp≤w \S-°pw. ]ns∂
Krl-kp-Jw FhnsS? kv{XoIƒ ]Tn-°m-sX-bncp-∂m¬ I\ym-]m-T-im-e-bn¬ Ah-sc-ßs\
A[ym-]n-I-am-cmIpw? \ymb-m[n-]XnXzw XpSßnb cmPy- I mcyw t]mse Kuc- h - a p≈
Krlÿm-{i-a-Ir-Xy-ßƒ \n¿h-ln-°p-I, Zº-Xnam¿ ]c-kv]cw {]oXn-tbm-Sp-IqSn h¿Øn-°p-I,
Krl-`-cWw kv{XobpsS A[o-\-Øn¬ Imcy-£a-ambn \S-°pI apX-em-bh kv{XoIƒ°v ]Tn∏n-√m-Xn-cp-∂m¬ Fßs\ \S°pw?
Bcym- h ¿Ø- Ø nse £{Xnb kv { XoIƒ
[\p¿th-Zw-˛-bp-≤-hn-Zy-˛-IqSn \∂mbn Adn-™ncp-∂p. As√-¶n¬ ssItI-bnbpw a‰pw Zi-c-Yt\mSpw a‰pw tN¿∂v bp≤-`q-an-bn-en-dßn t]mcmSn-b-sX-ßs\? 61 {_m“-W-kv{Xo-Ifpw kIe
hnZy-Ifpw A`y-kn-°-Ww. sshiy-kv{Xo-Iƒ
s]cp-am‰ coXnbpw iq{Z-kv{Xo-Iƒ sh∏p-]Wn
apX-em-bh
- bpw A`y-kn-°W
- w. hymI-cW
- w, [¿aim-kv{Xw, kmaq-ly-\oXn F∂n-h-sb√mw ]pcpj-∑m¿ Gsd-°psd A`y-kn-°p∂-Xp-t]mse
kv{XoIfpw hymI-cW
- w, [¿a-im-kv{Xw, sshZyw,
KWn-Xw, inev]-hnZy F∂n-h-sb√mw \n›-bambpw ]Tn-°Ww. ]Tn-®n-s√-¶n¬ kXym-k-Xyßsf Xncn-®d
- n-bpI `¿Øm-hn-t\mSpw a‰pw A\pIq-e-ambn s]cp-am-dp-I, k¥m\-ßƒ°p P∑w
\¬In bYm-hn[n hf¿Øn ]Tn-∏n-°p-I, KrlIr- X y- ß - s f√mw th≠- X p- t ]mse sNøp- I ,
sNøn-°pI F∂n-h-sbm∂pw Ah¿°p Ign-bp∂-X-√. sshZy-⁄m-\-ap-s≠-¶nte Huj-[-Xpey-amb A∂-]m-\m-Zn-Iƒ D≠m-°p-hm\pw D≠m°n-°p-hm\pw km[n°q. inev]-hn-Zy-bn¬ Adnhn-s√-¶n¬ hoSp ]Wn-bn-°p-hm-\pw, hkv{X-ßƒ,
B`- c - W - ß ƒ F∂nh D≠m- ° n°p- h m\pw
61 hmevaoIn cmam-bW
- w,
Atbm-[ym-ImWvUw 9.11 & 11.18 &19
57
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
{_“- N - c ym- { i- a - Ø nse in£W{Iaw
kwt£-]-ambn ]d-™p. ASpØ \memw kap√m- k - Ø n¬ kam- h ¿Ø- \ w. Krl- ÿ m- { ia
in£Ww F∂n-h-sb-gp-Xmw.
{ioaZv-bm-\µ kc-kzXn kzman-I-fm¬
in£-W-hn-jbw {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂
aq∂mw kap-√mkw Ign-™p.
58
\memw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
4
\memw kap-√mkw
kam-h¿Ø\w, hnhm-lw, Krl-ÿm-{i-a-hn[n
F∂n-h-sb-∏‰n ]dbmw
AY kam-h¿Ø\ hnhm-l-Kr-lm-{i-a-hn[nw h£ymax
tijw {_m“- W - ˛ - £ - { Xn- b - ˛ - s sh- i y- ∑ m¿
h¿Wm-\p-Iq-e-ambn kpµ-cnbpw e£-W-bp-‡bp-amb I\y-Isb hnhmlw sNø-Ww.
Ak-]nWvUm N bm amXp-c-ktKm {Xm N
bm ]nXpx. km {]-ikvXm ZznPm-Xo-\mw ZmcIcvaWn ssaYpt\ (a-\pkvarXn 3.5)
AΩ-bpsS Ipe-Øn¬ Bdp Xe-ap-d-bmbn
_‘w hbv°m-ØX
- pw ]nXr-tKm-{X-Øn¬ s]SmØ-Xp-amb I\y-Isb hnhmlw sNøp-∂-Xm-WpNn-Xw. CXns‚ {]tbm-P\w ]tcm-£{- ]nbm Ch
ln tZhmx -{]-Xy-£-Zznjx (i-X-]-Yw) 2
]tcm- £ - h - k v X p- h n¬ Df- h m- I p∂ {]nbw
{]Xy-£-h-kvXp-hn¬ \n›-b-ambpw D≠m-hp-Ibn-√. Hcp-h≥ Iev°-≠-Øns‚ KpW-ßƒ tI´dn-™nt´ D≈q. Xn∂n-ń√. F¶n¬ Ahs‚
a\kv kZm Iev°-≠-Øn¬ Bk-‡-am-bn-cn°pw. ]tcm-£amb ]Zm¿∞Øns\ ]pI-gv-Øp∂Xp tIƒ°p-tºmƒ AXp In´p-hm≥ Ie-iemb sImXn-bp-≠m-Ipw. AXp-t]mse Zqc-ÿbm-b, kz¥w Ipe-Øn-tem AΩ-bpsS IpeØntem ASpØ Nm¿®-bn--√mØ I\y-Isb
Xs∂-bmWv hnhmlw sNtø-≠-Xv. AI-∂Xpw
ASp-Ø-Xp-amb hnhm-l-ß-fpsS KpW-tZm-jßƒ ]d-bmw.
1. _mey-Imew apX¬ ASp-ØS- pØp ]m¿Øv
thZm-\-[oXy thZu hm thZw hm]n bYm{Iaw. AhnπpX-{_-“-Ntcym Krl-ÿm-{ia
amhn-tiXv. (a-\pkvarXn 3.2) {_“-N-cy-Øn¬
BNm-cys\ A\p-k-cn®p hkn®v [¿am-\p-kcWw \mtem aqt∂m ct≠m AYhm Hcp
thZtam AwK-ß-tfmSpw D]mw-K-ß-tfmSpw IqSn
A[yb\w sNbvX-tijw AJ-WvUnX {_“Ncyw ioen® ]pcp-j\pw kv{Xobpw Krl-ÿm{iaw ssIs°m-≈-Ww.
Xw {]XoXw kz[-cvtaW {_“-Zm-b-lcw
]nXpx. {kKznWw Xev] Bko-\-acvl-tbXv
{]Y-aw-Khm. (a-\pkvarXn 3.3)
ANvOs‚-b-Sp-°¬ \nt∂m BNm-cys‚
ASp-°¬ \nt∂m kz[¿aw A\p-k-cn®v {_“Zm-b-sØ-˛-hn-Zy-bm-Ip∂ `mK-sØ˛ kºm-Zn-®tijw ame- b - W n™v Iń- e n¬ Ccn- ° p∂
hnZym¿∞nsb Kpcp BZy- a mbn tKmZm\w
sNbvXv k¬°-cn-°-Ww. I\y-I-bpsS ]nXmhpw
Aßs\ tKmZm\w sIm≠v Abmsf k¬°cn-°-Ww.
Kpcp-Wm\paXx kv\mXzm kam-hrtØm
bYm- h n[n. DZz- t lX ZzntPm `mcymav
khcvWmw e£-Wm-\znXmav (a-\pkvarXn 3.4)
Kpcp-hns‚ B⁄-{]-Imcw Ipfn-®v 1 KpcpIp-e-Øn¬ \n∂v hn[n-{]-Imcw aSßn h∂-Xn\p
1 Kpcp-Ip-e-Ønse _ncp-Z-[m-cn-bpsS t]cv
kv\mX-Is\∂mWv.
2
59
iX-]Yw 14.6.11.2
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
Hcp-an-®p-I-fn-®v, CW-ßn-bpw ]nW-ßnbpw \S∂v
kz`m-h-Kp-Whpw tZmjhpw Ipń-°m-esØ N]e-X-Ifpw Adn™v ]c-kv]cw \·cm-bn-t∏mepw
I≠n-´p-≈-h¿ XΩn¬ hnhmlw sNbvXm¬
Ah¿°v ]c-kv]-c-t{]aw Hcn-°epw D≠m-hp-Ibn-√.
2. sh≈-Øn¬ sh≈w tN¿°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v
hne-£-W-Kp-W-sam∂pw D≠m-Ip-∂n√ AXpt]mse A—-s‚tbm AΩ-bp-sStbm Ipe-Øn¬
\n∂p hnhmlw sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v ico-c-Ønep≈ [mXp-°ƒ amdna-dn-bm-bvI-bm¬ k¥m-\]-c-º-cbv°v D∂Xn e`n-°p-I-bn-√.
3. ]men¬ i¿°-c-tbm Npt°m a‰p acp-∂pItfm tN¿Øm¬ AXp IqSp-X¬ \√-Xm-Ipw.
AXp-t]mse `n∂ tKm{X-ß-fn¬ P\n-®-h¿-˛A-—-s‚tbm AΩ-bp-sStbm hwiw hgn _‘an- √ m- Ø - h ¿ XΩn¬ hnhmlw sNøp- ∂ Xv
t{ijvT-am-Wv.
4. Hcp tZiØp hkn-°p-tºmƒ tcmK-{K-kvX\m-bn-cn-°p-∂-bmƒ ÿew amdn-Øm-a-kn-®m¬
hmbp, `£-Ww, sh≈w, apX-em-b-h-bn¬ am‰w
hcp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v tcmK-ap-‡-\m-Ip-∂-Xp-t]mse
Zqc-tZ-io-b¿ XΩn-ep≈ hnhmlw DØaêw
\¬Ipw.
5. kao-]-Øp-\n∂p hnhmlw sNbvXm¬
At\ym-\y-ap≈ kpJ-Zpx-J-ßƒ Adn-bp-hm\pw
]c-kv]c hntcm-[-ap-≠m-Ip-hm\pw CS-bp-≠v.
AI∂p ]m¿°p-∂-h¿°v- C-Xn-\n-S-bm-hp-I-bn-√.
Zqcw h¿≤n°pwtXmdpw t{]a- X - ¥ p- h n\v
ssZ¿Lyhpw Zm¿Vyhpw h¿≤n-°pw. kao-]ÿ
cpsS Imcy-Øn-en-ßs\ kw`-hn-°n-√.
6. Zqc-tZ-iß
- f
- n¬ _‘w h®m¬ Ahn-SpsØ
h¿Ø-am-\-ß-f-dn-bp-hm\pw ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ In´phm\pw Ffp- ∏ - a p- ≠ v . ASpØ {]tZ- i Øp
hnhmlw sNbvXm¬ AXv km[y-a-√. AXp-sIm≠mWv ZplnXm ZpcvlnXm Zqtc lnXm `h-XoXn 3 I\y-Isb Zqc-ÿ-eØv hnhmlw sNbvXbbv-°p-∂Xv t{ib-kvI-c-am-I-bmepw ASpØp
sNbv X - b bv - ° p- ∂ Xv A√m- b v I - b m- e p- a mWv
Ahƒ°v ZplnXm F∂p t]cp h∂-Xv.
7. s]Ïp-ń-Iƒ ]nXr-Kr-l-Øn-tebv°p
sN√p-tºm-sg√mw Ah¿°p h√Xpw sImSptØ
Xocq. AXn-\ m¬ I\ym-] n-Xm-h ns‚ hoń¬
Zmcn{Zyw D≠m-Ip-hm\pw CS-bp-≠v.
8. `mcym-`¿Øm-°-∑m-cpsS ]nXr--Kr--l-ßƒ
ASp-Øn-cp-∂m¬ Ahn-sS-\n∂v klmbw e`n°p-sa∂ lp¶v Ccp-Iq-´¿°pw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.
AXp-\n-anØw `mcym-`¿Øm-°-∑m¿ sNdp-Xmbn
]nW-ßp-tºm-tg°pw `mcy -Xs‚ hoń-tebv°p
s]mbv°-f-bpw. X∑qew Ccp-Iq-´¿°pw XΩn¬
\nµbpw hntZz-jhpw h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
Fs¥-∂m¬ an°-hmdpw s]Æp-ßf
- psS kz`mhw
hfsc Xo£vWhpw arZphpw BIp-∂p.
CXymZn Imc-W-ß-fm¬ ]nXr-tKm-{X-Øn¬
\nt∂m Bdp Xe-ap-dI
- f
- n¬ GsX-¶nepw _‘w
h®n-´p≈ amXr-Ip-e-Øn¬ \nt∂m ASpØ
ÿeØp \nt∂m hnhmlw sNøp-∂Xv \√-X√.
alm-¥y]n kar-≤m\n tKmfPmhn-[-\-[m\yXx. kv{Xo kw_t‘ Zssi-Xm\n Ipem\n
]cn-hcvP-tbXv (Sn. 3.6)
[\w, [m\yw, ]ip, BSv, B\, IpXn-c,
cmPyw, kv{Xo apX-em-b-h-sb√mw F{X kar-≤am-bp-s≠-¶n-epw C\n Fgp-Xp∂ ]Øp Ipe-ßfp-am-bp-ff hnhm-l-_‘w h¿Pn-°-Ww.
lo\-{Inbw \njv]p-cpjw \oivOtµm tcmaimcvikw. £øm-a-bm-hy-]-kvam-cn-izn-{Xn-IpjvTn-Ip-em\n N. (Sn. 307)
kXvI¿a-ßƒ sNøm-Ø-Xv, kXv]p-cp-j-∑mcn-√m-Ø-Xv, thZm[y-b-\-Øn¬ sshap-Jy-ap-≈Xv, DS-en¬ \o≠ tcma-ß-fp-≈-h-cp≈Xv, A¿ikv, £bw, Imk-izm-k-ßƒ, A·n-am-µyw, A]kvam-cw, ]m≠v, IpjvTw, F∂o tcmK-ß-fp-f-fXv , F∂o Ipe- ß - f n¬ ]nd- ∂ - h ¿ XΩn¬
hnhmlw ]mSn-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ Cu ]d™
tZmj-ßfpw tcmK-ßfpw ]I-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. AXn\m¬ DØ-a-Ip-e-ß-fn-ep-≈-h¿ XΩn¬ am{Xta
hnhmlw ]mSp-≈q.
t\mZz-tl-Xv I-]nemw I\ymw \m[n-ImwKow
\tcm-KnWow. \mtem-anImw \mXn-temamw \
hmNmSmw \ ]nwKfmw (Sn. 3.8)
a™-\n-d-ap-≈-hƒ, ]pcp-j-t\-°mƒ XSn-an-Sp°p-≈-hƒ, tcmKn-Wn, Xosc tcma-an-√m-Ø-hƒ,
hfsc tcma-ap-≈-hƒ, hmbm-Sn, Nph∂ IÆp≈- h ƒ, Cß- s \- b p≈ s]Ïn- S m- ß sf
thƒ°-cp-Xv.
3 \ncp‡w 3.4
60
\memw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
hnhm-lhpw \S-∏p≈ cmPyw ZpxJ-Øn¬ apgpIp-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬, {_“-Nc
- y-\n-jvTa
- mb hnZym`ym-kw, hnhm-l-k-{º-Zmbw F∂nh ]cn-jv°cn-®m¬ F√mw \∂m-Ipw. Ch c≠pw Zpjn-®m¬
F√mw Zpjn-°pw.
tNm˛ (1) AjvS-hcvjm `th-ZvKuco \hhcvjm N tcmlnWo. Zi-hcvjm `thZv I\ymX-X -Ducv[zw cP-kzem.
(2) amXm ssNh ]nXm Xkym tPyjvtTm{`mXm XssYh N. {Xb-kvtX- -\-cIw bm¥n
ZrjvSzm I\ym cP-kz-emav.
Cu c≠p t«mI-ßƒ ]mcm-icn-bnepw 4
io{L-t_m-[Ø
-- n-epw 5 Fgp-Xn-°m-Wp-∂-h-bmWv. F´m-asØ hb- n¬ Kucn F∂pw HºXm-asØ hb- n¬ tcmlnWo F∂pw ]ØmasØ hb-kn¬ I\ym F∂pw AXn\p tijw
cP-kzem F∂pw s]Ïp-ń-Iƒ°v t]cp ]dbp- ∂ p. ]Øp hbkp XnI- b p- ∂ - X p- h sc
IeymWw Ign-®p-sIm-Sp-°msX, s]Ïp-ńsb
cP-kz-e-bmbn ImWm-\n-S-bm-Ip∂ amXm-]n-Xm°ƒ, tPy-jvTk-tlm-Z-c≥ F∂o aq∂p-t]cpw
\c-I-Øn¬ ]Xn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv F∂mWv t«mIß-fpsS A¿∞w.
D˛ {_t“m-hmN ({_-“mhp ]d™p:)
(1) GI-£Wm `thZv Kucn Zzn£-tW-bw
Xp tcmlnWo. {Xn£Wm km `thXv I\ym
lyX -Ducv[zw cP-kzem.
(2) amXm ]nXm XYm {`mXm amXptem
`Kn\o kzIm. kcvh tX \cIw bm¥n ZrjvSzmI\ymw cP-kzemav.
CuønsS D≠m-°nb {_“-]p-cm-W-Øn-ep≈
hN-\-am-Wn-Xv. F{X kabw sIm≠v Hcp ]camWp Nen-°p-∂thm A{X ka-b-sØbmWv
Hcp £Ww F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Hcp s]Ïpń
]nd-∂-m¬ Ahƒ°v BZysØ £W-Øn¬
Kucn F∂pw c≠m- a sØ £W- Ø n¬
tcmlnWn aq∂m-asØ £W-Øn¬ I\yI
F∂pw kw⁄-Iƒ BIp∂p. \mem-asØ
£W-Øn¬ Ahƒ cP-kz-e-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. (1)
\cv£h
- r-£\
- Z- o-\mav\ow \m¥y-]cvhX
- \
- manImw. \ ]£y-ln-t{]-jy-\mav\ow \ N òjW-\m-an-Imw. (Sn. 3.9)
Aizn-\o. `c-Wo, tcmln-WotZ-hn, tch-Xo _m-bn, NnØco apX-emb \£-{X-\m-a-ß-fp-≈h¿, Xpf-ko, Im¥n, tdmkn, sNº-Iw, apX-emb
hr£-\m-a-ß-fp-≈-h¿, KwKm, bap-\m, apX-emb \Zo-\m-a-ß-fp-≈-h¿; NWvUmfo apX-emb
tæ—- \ m- a - ß - f p- ≈ - h ¿ hn‘y, lnam- e - b n,
]m¿hXn apX- e mb ]¿h- X - \ m- a - ß - f p- ≈ - h ¿,
tImIn-e, ssa\, apX-emb ]£n-\m-a-ß-fp-≈h¿ \mKo, `pPwKm apX-emb k¿∏-\m-a-ß-fp≈-h¿, amt[m-Zm-ko, aocm-Zm-kn, CXymZn t{]jy\m-a-ß-fp-≈-h¿ òa-Ip-amcn NWvUn-Im, Imfo
apX-emb `b-¶-c-\m-a-ß-fp-≈-h¿ Cß-s\-bp≈
I\y-I-amsc hnhmlw sNø-cp-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬
C∏-d™ t]cp-Iƒ Ip’n-Xß
- fpw a‰p ]Zm¿∞ßsf Ipdn-°p-∂-h-bp-am-Ip-∂p. Ahyw-KmwKow
skuay-\mav\ow lwk-hm-c-W-Km-an\ow. X\ptem-at- I-iZ- i
- \mw arZzw-Ko-ap-Zz-tlXv kv{Xnbw
(Sn. 3.10) sshI-eyhpw sshcq-]y-hp-an-√mØ
AwK-ß-fp-≈, btimZm kpJZm apX-emb a[pc-\m-a-ß-fp-≈, lwk-Øn-s‚-tbm ]nSn-bm-\-bpsStbm t]mse \S-∏p≈ kq£va-ß-fmb tcmaßƒ, Xe-ap-Sn, ]√p-Iƒ, F∂n-h-bp≈ tIma-fß-fmb AwK-ß-tfmSp IqSnb I\y-I-sb-bmWv
hnhmlw sNtø-≠-Xv.
tNm:˛ hnhm-l-Øn\v G‰hpw \√ Imew
GXmWv? G‰hpw \√ coXn GXmWv?
DØ-cw˛ ]Xn-\mdp apX¬ Ccp]Ø©p hb p-hsc I\y-Ibv°pw Ccp-]-Ø©p hb p
apX¬ \mev]-sØ´p hbkp hsc ]pcp-j\pw
hnhm-l-{]m-b-am-Wv. F¶nepw ]Xn-\mdmw hbkn¬ kv{Xobpw Ccp-]-Øn-b©mw hb- n¬
]pcp-j\pw hnhmlw sNøp-∂Xv A[-a-am-Wv.
18 As√-¶n¬ 20 hb- n¬ kv{Xobpw 30, 32
AYhm 40 hb- n¬ ]pcp- j \pw hnhmlw
sNøp-∂Xv a≤y-a-am-Ip-∂p. 24 hb p XnI™
kv { Xobpw 48 hb p XnI™ ]pcp- j \pw
XΩn¬ hnhmlw sNøp-∂-XmWv DØ-aw. C{]Imcw t{ijvT-amb hnhml \nb-ahpw {_“-Ncy-tØmSp IqSnb hnZym-`ym-khpw \∂mbn {]Ncn-°p∂ tZi-amWv kpJ-k-ºq¿Æ-ambn `hn°p-∂-Xv. {_“-N-cy-\n-jvT-amb hnZym-`ym-k-a√msX _mey-Im-ehpw Atbm-Ky¿ XΩn-ep≈
4 ]mcm-i-co-kvar-Xn°v eLp, _rlXv F∂o
]mT-ß-fp-≠v. eLp-]m-T-Ønse 7˛mw
A[ymbw 6 Dw 8 t«mI-ß-fm-Wn-h.
5 io{L-t_m[w 1˛mw A[ymbw t«m. 54,65 (]-Xn-∏ns‚
hyXym-ka
- \
- p-kc
- n®v t«mI-kw-Jybpw amdpw)
61
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
A{]-Imcw cP-kzebmb I\y-Isb ImWp∂
£W- Ø n¬ Xs∂ Ah- f psS A—\pw
AΩbpw ktlm-Z-c\pw AΩm-h\pw ktlm-Zcn-amcpw F√mw \c-I-Øn¬ ]Xn-°p∂p (2)
F∂mWv CXns‚ A¿∞w.
tNm˛ Cu ]d™ t«mI- ß ƒ {]am- W ßtfm?
D˛ F¥p-sIm-≠-√. {_“m-hns‚ t«mI-ßƒ
t]mepw {]am-W-a-s√-¶n¬ \nß-fpsS ]Zy-ßfpw
{]am-W-a-√.
tNm˛ sIm≈mw- s
- Im-≈mw. ]cm-ic
- \pw Imin\m-Y\pw {]mamWyw Cs√t∂m?
D:˛ _te-t`jv! {_“mhpw {]mam-Wn-I-\-s√t∂m. ]cm-i-c-t\bpw Imio-\m-Y-s\bpw Imƒ
{_“mhv hen-b-h-\-s√-t∂m.- \n-ß-ƒ {_“mhns‚ t«mI-ßsf hI hbv°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ ]cmi-c-s‚tbm Imio-\m-Y-s‚tbm t«mI-ßsf
Rßƒ°pw th≠.
tNm:˛ \nß-fpsS t«mI-Øn¬ Akw-`-hy-ap≈-Xn-\m¬ {]am-W-a-√. P\-\-k-a-bØp Xs∂
At\-Im-bncw £W-ßƒ Ign-™p-t]m-Ip-∂p.
AXn-\n-S-bn¬ hnhmlw Fßs\ \SØpw? B
ka- b Øp hnhmlw \S- Ø p- ∂ Xp sIm≠v
bmsXmcp ê-hp-an-√-Xm-\pw.
D:˛ Fs‚ t«mI-Øn¬ Akw-`hy-tZm-j-aps≠-¶n¬ AXv \nß-fpsS t«mI-Øn-ep-ap-≠v.
Fs¥-∂m¬ F´v, HºXv As√-¶n¬ ]Øp
hb p {]mb-am-Ip-tºmƒ hnhmlw sNøp-∂Xv
\njvêw Xs∂. ]Xn-\mdp hb p Ign™v
Ccp- ] - Ø n- \ mep hb- n- \ Iw hnhmlw
sNbv X m¬ ]pcp- j s‚ hocyw ]cn- ] - I zhpw
icocw _en- j v T - h p- a m- I - b m- e pw kv { XobpsS
K¿`m-ibw hf¿∂p Ign-™Xpw icocw _-en-
jvThp-amI-bmepw DØ-a-k-¥m\w P\n-°p-∂p.
5
F´p hb p {]mb-amb Ipń°v k¥m-t\mev ] Øn Akw- ` - h y- a m- b n- c n- ° p- ∂ - X p- t ]mse
Kuco, tcmlnWo apX- e mb t]cn- S p- ∂ Xpw
Akw-`-h-am-Wv.
I\yI Kuc-h¿W-b√
- . Idp-Øh
- f
- m-sW-¶n¬
Kucn F∂p hnfn-°p-∂Xv icn-b-√. IqSmsX
Kucn alm-tZ-h-s‚-bpw tcmlnWn hkp-tZ-hs‚bpw ]Xv\-n-am-cm-bn-cp-∂p. ]pcm-W-hn-izm-knI-fmb \nßƒ Ahsc amXr-Xpeyw _lp-am\n-°p-∂p. kIe I\y-Ia
- mcpw Kucn-bm-sW∂pw
a‰pw k¶-ev]n-®m¬ ]ns∂ hnhmlw sNøp-∂Xm-sc-bmWv? AYhm sNbvXmepw B hnhmlw
[¿am-\p-kr-X-am-Iptam? AXn-\m¬ \nß-fpsSbpw Fs‚bpw t«mI-ßƒ shdpw `mh-\-bmWv. Rm≥ {_t“m-hmNm F∂p-]-d-™v t«mIw
D≠m-°n-b-Xp-t]mse ]cm-icm-Zn-I-fpsS t]cpw
]d™v t«mI-ap-≠m-°n. CØcw {]am-W-ßsf-sb√mw hen-s®-dn-™v, thZ-ßsf {]am-Wam°n F√m-Im-cy-ßfpw sNøWw. 6 a\p-kvarXn
t\m°pI:˛
{XoWo hcvjm-Wyp-Zo-t£X Ipam-cyr-XpaXo kXo. Ducv≤zw Xp Imem-tZ-X-kvam-ZzntµX kZriw ]Xnav (a-\p. 9. 90)
I\yI EXp-a-Xn-bmb tijw aq∂p-sIm√w
Ign-bp-∂-Xp-hsc `¿Øm-hns\ At\z-jn-®p-sIm≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw AXn-\p-tijw A\p-cq-]-\mb
]pcp-js\ `¿Øm-hmbn hcn-°p-Ibpw sNøWw. B¿Øhw amkw-tXm-dp-am-Wv. aq∂m-≠psIm≠v ap∏-Ømdp {]mhiyw cP-kz-e-bm-b-Xn\p-tijw hnhm-ln-X-bm-Ip-I-bm-Wp-Nn-Xw. apº√.
Imaa-ma-c-Wm-Øn-jvtTZv Krtl I\ycvØp-
(a-l¿jn-bpsS ASn-°p-dn-∏m-WnXv ]cn-`m-jI
- t- ‚-X√
- )
* hnhm-tlm-Nn-X-amb hb-kns\ {]m]n-®n-ń-√mØ
kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m-cpsS K¿`m-[m-\sØ [\z-¥-co-ap\n
Cßs\ kp{ip-X-Øn¬\n-tj-[n-°p-∂p.
Du\-tjm-Uicvh
- ¿jm-bm-a{- ]m]vXx ]©-hnw-iX
- nav
bZym-[tØ ]pam≥ Kcv`w Ip£nÿx k hn]-ZytX
PmtXm hm \ Nnc-RvPo-th-÷o-th-Zzm-Zpcv_t- e-{µnbx
Xkvam-Z-Xy-¥-_m-embw Kcv`m-[m\w \ Imc-tbXv
(kp-{ip-Xw, ico-c-ÿm\w 10. 47-˛48)
A¿Yw:˛ ]Xn-\mdp hbkp XnI-bmØ kv{Xobn¬ Ccp-]Ø©p hbkp {]mb-am-ImØ ]pcp-j≥ K¿`m-[m\w sNøp∂-Xm-bm¬ B K¿`w Ip£n-bn-en-cp∂v hn]-Øns\ {]m]n°p-∂p, AXm-b-Xv, K¿`-Imew ]q¿W-am-b-tijw Dev]-∂-
am-hp-∂n-√. Dev]-∂-am-bm¬Øs∂ Zo¿L-Imew Pohn-°pI-bn-√. Pohn-®mepw Zp¿_-te-{µn-b\
- m-bn-cn-°pw. AXn-\m¬
AXn-_m-eym-h-ÿ-bn¬ K¿`-[m-cWw ]mSn√ Cßs\
krjvSn{Iaw ImWp-Ibpw _p≤n-sIm≠v Btem-Nn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-tºmƒ 16 hbkp XnI-bmØ kv{Xobpw 25 XnIbmØ ]pcp-j\pw k¥-Xyp-ev]m-Z-\-£-a-c√ F∂p sXfnbp-∂p. CXn\p hn]-coXw sNøp-∂-h¿ ZpxJ-Øns‚ `mK`m-°p-I-fm-hpIbpw sNøpw.
6 GX-Zp‡w `hXn at{¥-ssW-hm-\p-krXw IcvΩIcvØ-hyav (a-{¥-th-Z-ßsf A\p-k-cn®p am{Xta
I¿aßf-\p-jvTn-°mhq F∂p ]d-™n-´p-≠v. kvIµ
-\n-cp-‡-So-Im-˛1-˛2. 1˛mw `mKw 19-˛mw t]Pv
62
\memw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
t{ibm≥ `hXn Pmb- a m\x. Xw [ocmkx
Ihb D∂b¥n kzmt[ym a\km tZh-b¥x.
(E. 3.8.4)
2. B t[\thm [p\- b - ¥ m- a - i nizox
k_cvZpLmx iibm A{]-ZpKv≤mx. \hym\hym bph-Xtbm `h-¥ocvalt±hm-\m-a-kpc-Xz-ta-Iav (E. 3.55.1)
3. ]qcv-ho-clw icZx i{i-amWm tZmjm -hkvtXmcpjtkm Pc-b¥ox. an\mXn {inbw
Pcnam X\q-\m-a-]yq \p ]Xv\ocvhrj-tWm- PKaypx (E.1.179.1)
1. GsXmcp ]pcp-j≥ (]-cn-ho-Xx) D]-\-b\w
Ign-™-h\pw {_“-Ncy-a-\p-jvTn®vv DØ-a-in-£Whpw hnZym-`ym-khpw t\Sn-b-h\pw (kp-hmkmx) `wKnbp≈ hkv{Xw [cn-®-h\pw {_“Nm-cnbpw (bp-hm) ]q¿W-bu-h-\sØ {]m]n-®h-\p-am-b -tijw hnZym-`ymkw sNbvXv Krlÿm-{i-a-Øn¬ (B-Km-Xv) {]th-in-°p-∂pthm
(k, D) Ah≥ Xs∂ hnZy-bm-Ip∂ c≠mw P∑Øn¬ (Pm-b-am-\x) {]i-kvX-\mbn (t{i-bm≥)
t{ib- p-≈h
- \pw awK-f{- ]-Z\
- p-ambn (`-hXn) `hn°p-∂p. (kzm-[yx) icn-bmb [ym\-bp-‡-amb
(a-\-km) hn⁄m-\-Øm¬ (-tZ-h-b¥x) hnZym`n-hr-≤nsb C—n-°p-∂-hcpw ([o-cm-kx) ss[cyap-≈-h-cp-amb (I-h-bx) hnZzm-∑m¿ (Xw) Ahs\-bmWv (D-∂-b-¥n) D∂-X-]-Z-hn-bn¬ {]XnjvTn-°p-∂-Xv. {_“Ncyw A\p-jvTn®v hnZybpw
in£-Whpw kºm-Zn-°m-sXtbm _meym-h-ÿbntem hnhmlw sNøp∂ kv{Xo ]pcp-j-∑m-¿
Xosc A[x-]-Xn®v k÷-\-ßƒ°v BZ-c-hn-√msX-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.
2. (A-{]-Zp-Kv≤mx) Bcpw Id-∂n-ń-√mØ (t[\-hx) ]ip-°-sf-t∏mse (A-izox) _meym-hÿm-c-ln-Xcpw (k-_cvZp-Lmx) kIe kXv{]hrØn--Ifnepw ka¿∞cpw (i-i-bmx) Iuam-c-Zisb AXn-{I-an-®-hcpw (\-hym-\-hymx) G‰hpw
]pXnb in£-Wß
- f
- mepw Ah-ÿI
- f
- mepw ]cn]q¿W-Ifpw (`-h-¥ox) Bbn-cn-°p∂ (bp-h-Xbx) ]q¿W-bu-h\
- t- Øm-Sp-Iq-Snb kv{XoIƒ (tZhm-\mav) {_“-N-cymZn {hX-ß-tfmSp IqSnb
]q¿W-hn-Zzm-∑m-cpsS (G-I-av) AZzn-Xo-b-ambpw
(a-l-Xv) hnim-e-ambpw (A-kp-c-Xz-av) imkv{Xm[y- b \w sIm≠p kwkv I - c n® _p≤n- b n¬
({]⁄bn¬) can-°p∂p F∂ `mhm¿∞sØ
{Kln- ® - h - f mbpw Xcp- W - \ mb `¿Øm- h ns\
a-Xy]n. \ssN-ssh\mw {]b-t—Øp KpW-lo\mb Icvln-NnXv (Sn. 9.89)
BWpw s]Æpw ac-W-]-cy¥w Ahn-hm-lnX-cm-bn-cn-°-s´. ]t£ Ak-Zr-i¿-˛-A-t\ym\yw
tN¿®-bn-√mØ KpW-I¿a kz`m-h-ß-tfm-Sp-IqSn-b-h¿ XΩn¬ hnhmlw Hcn-°epw ]mSn-√.
{]mbw XnI-bp-∂-Xn\p aptºm tN¿®-bn-√m-Øh¿ XΩntem hnhmlw sNøp-∂Xv icn-b-s√∂v
CXp-sIm≠p kn≤n-°p-∂p.
tNm:˛ hnhmlw A—-\-Ω-amcpsS CjvSw
t]msetbm Ipń-I-fpsS CjvSw t]msetbm
th≠Xv?
D:˛ Ipń-I-fpsS CjvS-a-\p-k-cn®v hnhmlw
\S-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv DØ-aw. A—-\-Ω-am¿°v kΩX-am-sW-¶nepw Ipń-I-fpsS kΩ-X-an-√msX
hnhmlw \S- Ø p- ∂ Xp \√- X - √ . ]c- k v ] c
kwXr-]vXn-tbm-Sp-IqSn hnhmlw sNøp∂ ZºXn-am¿°v ]c-kv]c hntcm[w hfsc°pd®p
am{Xta D≠m-hp-Ib
- p-≈q. k¥m-\ß
- ƒ A[nIw
\∂m- b n- c n- ° p- I bpw sNøpw. Akw- X r- ] v X ntbmSp IqSn \S-Øp∂ hnhmlw kZm ZpxJ-{]Z-am-hp-Itb D≈q. hnhm-l-Øns‚ êw A\p`-hn-t°-≠-h¿ h[q-h-c-∑m-cm-Wv. amXm-]n-Xm-°∑m-c√
- . ]c-kv]cw kvt\l-ap-≠m-bm¬ kpJhpw
hntcm-[-ap-≠m-bm¬ ZpxJhpw `mcy-m`¿Øm-°∑m¿°p am{Xta D≈q.
k¥pjvtSm `mcybm -`cvØm `cvØm `mcym
XssYh N. bkv a n- t ∂- h - I pte \nXyw
IeymWw X{X ssh {[phav (Sn. 3.60)
`¿Ømhv `mcy-tbmSpw `mcy `¿Øm-hn-t\mSpw
kv t \l- ] q¿∆w h¿Øn- ° p∂ Ipe- Ø n¬
kpJhpw e£vanbpw Io¿Ønbpw \nh-kn-°p∂p. ]c-kv]-c-hn-tcm-[hpw Ie-lhpw D≈n-SØv
ZpxJhpw Zmcn-{Zyhpw ZpjvIo¿Ønbpw IpSn-tbdp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Bcymh¿Ø-Øn¬ ]c-º-cbmbn \S-∂p-h-cp∂ kzbw-h-c-co-Xn-bmWv DØaw. hnhm- l n- X - c m- I p- h m≥ B{K- l n- ° p∂
kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m-cpsS hnZy, hn\-bw, kz`m-hw,
cq]w, hb-kv, _ew, Ipew, ico-cØ
- ns‚ hen∏w
XpS-ßnb F√m Awi-ßfpw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn°-Ww. tbmPn-∏n-s√-¶n¬ hnhm-l-Øn¬ H´pw
kpJw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. AXp-t]mse _mey-hnhm-lhpw kpJ-{]-Z-a-√.
1. bphm kphmkmx ]cn-hoX BKmXvk D
63
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
cpsS a°ƒ°v Hcn-°epw {_m“-W-cm-Ip-hm≥
km[n-°p-I-bnt√?
D:˛ km[n-°pw. At\Iw t]¿ Aßs\
ap≥Im- e Øv {_m“- W - c m- b n- ´ p- ≠ v . Ct∏mƒ
{_m“-W-cm-Ip-∂p-ap-≠v; taen¬ {_m“-W-cm-hpIbpw sNøpw. Omtµm- t Kym- ] - \ n- j - Ø n¬,
A—s‚ PmXn GXm- s W- ∂ - d n- ™ p- I q- S mØ
Pm_m-e-E-jn-bpw 7, alm-`m-c-X-Øn¬ £{Xnb-Pm-Xn-bn¬ P\n® hnizm-an-{X≥ 8, NWvUm-fPm- X n- b n¬ ]nd∂ amXw- K - a p\n F∂n- h cpw
{_m“- W - c m- b - h - c m- s W∂p ]d- ™ n- ´ p- ≠ v 9
C°m-eØv hnZzm-∑mcpw k’z-`m-hn-I-fp-am-b-h¿
Xs∂-bmWv {_m“-W-cm-bn-cn-°m≥ tbmKy¿.
]Tn∏pw kz`m-h-Kp-W-hp-an-√mØ aqV-∑m¿ iq{Zcm-Wv. `mhn-bnepw Aß-s\-X-s∂.
tNm:˛ ctPmho- c y- ß ƒ tN¿∂p- ≠ mb
icocw amdn as‰mcp PmXn-bm-Im≥ Fßs\
tbmKy-amIpw?
D:˛ ctPm-ho-cy-ßƒ tN¿∂m¬ {_m“-W-icocw D≠mhp-I-bn-√.
kzm[ym-tb\ Pss]cvtlm-ssa-kvss{X-hntZy- t \- P ybmkpssXx alm- b - s s⁄iv O
bss⁄› {_m“obw {InbtX X\px (a\p. 2.28) CXns‚ A¿Yw apsºm-cn-SØp ]d- b
- mw. (kzm™n-´p-≠v 10. Chn-sSbpw Npcp-°n-∏d
[ym-tb-\) A[y-b-\w, A[ym-]\w (P-ss]x)
a\\w sNbvI, sNøn-∏n-°p-I, hnhn-[-tlm-aßƒ sNøp-I, thZw -ap-gp-h\pw i_vZm¿∞-kw_-‘-⁄m-\-tØmSpw kztcm-—m-c-W-tØmSpw
IqsS ]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøpI
{]m]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXv (B-[p-\-b-¥m-av) K¿`w
[cn-°s´. _mey-Im-eØv Hcn-°epw ]pcp-js\
a\-km-t]mepw kvacn-°c
- p-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬, Cltem-I-Ønepw ]c-tem-I-Ønepw kpJ-ap-f-hm°p∂ I¿aw CsXm-∂p-am-{X-am-Wv. _mey-hnhmlw sIm≠v ]pcp-j-∑m¿°p-≠m-Im-hp-∂Xnepw \miw kv{XoIƒ°p≠m-Ipw.
3. Fßs\ (\p) thKw (i- { i- a m- W x)
AXy¥w ]cn-{i-an-°p-∂-hcpw (hr-j-Wx) hocytk-N\w sNøp-∂-Xn¬ ka¿∞cpw ]q¿W-buh-\-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-cp-amb ]pcp-j-∑m¿ (]Xv\ox) buh-\-bp-‡-Ifpw a\-kn-\n-W-ßn-b-hcp-amb `mcy-amsc (P-K-aypx) {]m]n-®n-´v, \qdp
h¿jtam A[n-Itam Imew B\-µ-a-\p-`-hn-®v,
]p{X- ] u- { Xm- Z n- I - t fm- S p- I qSn hkn- ° p- ∂ - X pt]mse kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿ kZm h¿Øn-°-Ww.
(]q¿hox) apºp≈ (i-c-Zx) EXp-°fpw (P-c-b¥x) hm¿≤-IysØ D≠m-°p-∂-h-bmb (D-jkx) Djkpw (tZm-jm) cm{Xnbpw (h-kvtXmx)
]Iepw (X-\q-\m-av) ico-c-ß-fpsS ({in-b-av)
tim`sb (P-cn-am) Zqco-Ic
- n®p Zu¿_-ey-sØbpw
hm¿≤-Iy-tØbpw D≠m-°n-bn-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse
(A-l-av) Rm≥-˛-kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j-\pw˛ (D) \√hÆw (A-]n) \n›-bn-®v, {_“-Nc
- y-]q¿∆w hnZytbbpw in£-WtØbpw ico-c-i-‡n-tbbpw
Bfl-_-e-tØbpw kºm-Zn-®v, buh\w {]m]n®Xn-\p-tijw am{Xta hnhmlw sNbvI-bp-≈q.
CXn\v hn]-co-X-amb hnhmlw thZ-hn-cp-≤-amI-bm¬ Hcn-°epw kpJ-{]-Z-am-hp-I-bn-√.
Ejn-amcpw ap\n-P-\-ßfpw cmPm-°-∑mcpw
alm-cm-Pm-°-∑mcpw a‰pt{i-jvT-∑mcpw Cßs\
{_“-N-cy-tØm-Sp-IqSn hnZym-`ymkw sNbvXtijw am{Xw kzbw- h - c - k - { º- Z m- b - Ø n¬
hnhmlw sNbvXp-t]m∂ ImeØv Cu cmPyw
A`yp-Z-bsØ {]m]n-®p-h-∂p. {_“-N-cy-]q¿∆w
hnZym- ` ym- k - a n- √ m- X m- h p- I bpw amXm- ] n- X m- ° ∑mcpsS CjvSm-\p-k-cWw hnhmlw sNøm\pw
XpS-ßnb Imew apX¬°v Cu Bcym-h¿ØtZ-i-Øns‚ A[x-]-X\w {Ia-ambn XpS-ßn.
AXn-\m¬ Cu ZpjvS-k-{º-Zmbw XyPn-®v, \√h¿ kzbw-hc
- c
- oXn kzoI-cn-°W
- w. Cu hn-hmlw
h¿Wm-\p-{I-aØ
- n-epw h¿Wm-\p-{Iaw KpW-˛I
- ¿a˛-kz-`m-h-ßsf A\p-k-cn-®p-≈-Xp-am-bn-cn-°-Ww.
tNm:˛ A—-\-Ω-am¿ {_m“-W-cm-sW-¶nte
Hcp-h≥ {_m“-W\
- m-hpIbpt≈m? A{_m-“W
- -
7
km (Pm-_m-em) ssl\-ap-hmN \ml-ta-X-tZzZ XmX
bZvtKm{X kvXzakn _lzlw Nc¥o ]cn-Nm-cnWo
buht\ Xzma-e-t`.............. Xw tlmhmN (B-Nm-cyx)
ss\XZ {_m“tWm hnh-‡p-acvl-Xn.
(\ns‚ tKm{X-sa-sX-s∂-\n-°-dn-hn-√. ]cn-Nm-cn-Wnbmb Rm≥ hf-sc-bn-Sß
- f
- n¬ t]mbn-´p-s≠∂v AΩ
]d-™p-sh∂ kXyw Kpcp-hn-t\mSv ]d-™-t∏mƒ
Kpcp ""\o A{_m-“-W-\m-sW∂p hnh-£n-X-\m-Im≥
A¿l-\√'' F∂p-]-d-™p) (Om D. 4.4.2-˛5)
8 IYw {]m]vXw alm-cmP £{Xn-tb-Wa
- l
- m-fl\m
hnizm-an-t{XW [cvam-fl≥ {_m“-WXzw \ccvj-`.
(a.-`m. A\p.3-˛1, 2)
9 ÿmt\-aX
- wtKm {_m“-Wy-am-e`
- Zv `c-Xcvj`
NWvUm-e-tbm\u PmtXm ln IYw {_m“-Wy-am-hm]vX-hm≥ (a. `m. A\p. 3.19)
10 t]Pv 88
64
\memw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
K—-∂- cn-jytX.(Sn. 4.178) A—≥ apØ-—≥
F∂n-h¿ \S∂ am¿§-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv k¥m-\ßfpw k©cn-t°-≠-Xv. F∂m¬ (k-Xm-av)
k÷-\-ß-fmb ]nXr]nXm-a-l-∑m-cpsS am¿KØn-eqsS am{Xta Ncn-°m-hq. ZpjvS-cmb ]nXr]n-Xm-a-l-∑m-cpsS ]Ÿm-hn¬ Hcn-°epw k©cn-°-cp-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬ [¿am-flm-°-fmb ]pcpj-t{i-jvT-cpsS am¿Kw ]n≥Xp-S¿∂m¬ ZpxJ-ap≠m-hn-√. CXp \nßƒ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂nt√?
D:˛ \n›-b-ambpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p.
tNm:˛ IqSmsX PK-Zo-izc{]Im-in-X-amb
thZm-\p⁄ am{Xta k\m-X-\-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bp≈q. AXn\p hncp-≤-am-b-sXm∂pw k\m-X-\-amsW∂p hnNm- c n- ° mt\ hø. Cß- s \- b t√
F√m-hcpw Nn¥n-t°-≠Xv.
D:˛ \n›-b-ambpw F√m-hcpw Cßs\Xs∂
Nn¥n-°Ww. A√m-Ø-h-tcmSv Cßs\ tNmZn°Ww:˛ Zcn-{Z-\mb ]nXm-hns‚ ]p{X≥ [\hm-\m-bmepw A—s‚ Zmcn-{ZysØ t{ib-kvIc-sa-t∂m¿Øv km`n-am\w Xs‚ [\w hen-s®dn-btWm? A‘s‚ ]p{X-\mbn ]nd-∂-h≥
IÆp- c ≠pw IpØn- s ∏m- ´ n®p If- b tWm?
Zpjv S s‚ aI≥ Zpjv { ]- h r- Ø n- I ƒ am{Xta
sNømhq F∂p \nb-a-apt≠m? C√ Hcn-°-ep-an√. ]q¿h-]p-cp-j-∑m¿ ]c--º-cbm sNbvXp-t]m∂
t{ijvT-Ir-Xy-ßƒ sNbvIbpw ZpjvIr-Xy-ßsf
XyPn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-XmWv F√m-h¿°pw
DNn-Xw. ctPm-ho-cy-kw-tbm-Km-kv]-Zamb h¿Why-hÿ AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw KpW-I¿am-[njvTnX-amb PmXn-hy-h-ÿsb Xnc-kvI-cn-°pIbpw sNøp-∂-h-tcmSv Cßs\ tNmZn-°-Ww.
Xß-fpsS {_m“-W-PmXn shSn™v NWvUme-t\m {InkvXym-\n-tbm apk¬amt\m Bbhs\ F¥p-sIm≠v {_m“-W-s\∂v \nß-ƒ
KWn-°p-∂n√? Ah¿ {_m“-W-hrØn XyPn®-Xn-\m¬ {_m“-W-c-√m-Xm-sb-∂mhmw Cu
tNmZy-Øn-\p-Øc
- w. CXn¬ \n∂v {_m“-W¿°p
hnln- X - a mb DØ- a - I ¿a- ß - f - \ p- j v T n- ° p∂
{_m“-Wc
- pw \oN-Pm-Xn-If
- n¬ P\n-®h
- s
- c-¶nepw
DXvIr-jvS-Pm-Xn-°m-cpsS KpW-I¿a kz`m-h-KpWap-≈-hcpw D∂-X-Pm-Xn-bn¬ s]Sp-∂-Xmbn
Icp-X-W-sa-∂pw D∂-X-Pm-Xn-bn¬ P\n-®n´pw
\oN-I¿a-ßƒ sNøp-∂-hsc \nIr-jvS-Pm-Xnbn¬ ]nd-∂h
- c
- mbn hnNm-cn-°W
- s
- a-∂p-amWv a\kn-em-Ip-∂-Xv.
F∂n-h-bmepw (C-Py-bm)- ]u¿Wao Znhkw
A\p-jTn-°p∂ CjvSn apX-em-b-h-bmepw (kqssXx) apºv hnh-cn-®n-´p≈ hn[n-b-\p-k-cn®v
[¿am-\p-krXw k¥m-t\m-ev]m-Z\w sNøpI
sIm≠pw (a-lm-b-ss⁄-›) ]q¿t∆m-‡-amb
{_“- b - ⁄ w, tZh- b - ⁄ w, ]nXr- b - ⁄ w,
sshiz-tZ-h-b-⁄w, AXn-Yn-b⁄w F∂n-ßs\- b p≈ ]©- a lm b⁄- ß - s f- s °m≠pw
(bss⁄ivN) A·n-jvtSmaw XpS-ßnb b⁄ßƒ hnZzm- ∑ m- c psS tkh- \ - k Xv ° m- c - ß ƒ,
kXy-`m-jW
- w, ]tcm-]I
- mcw apX-emb kXvI¿aßƒ F∂n-h-sb-s°m≠pw inev]-hnZy A`ykn®v Zpcm-Nm-c-ßsf XyPn®v kZm-Nm-c-]q¿hw
Pohn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw (C-bw) Cu (X-\px)
icocw ({_m-“o) {_m“-W-t‚Xv ({In-b-tX)
Bbn `hn-°p-∂p.
tNm:˛ Cu hN-\sØ \nßƒ AwKo-I-cn°p-∂pthm?
D:˛ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p.
tNm:˛ ctPm-hocy kwtbm-Kw-sIm-≠p≈
PmXn- h y- h - ÿ sb ]ns∂- ß s\ AwKo- I cn°pw?
D:˛ Rm≥ am{X-a√ At\-I¿ ]c-º-c-bmbn
AwKo-I-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv.
tNm:˛ \nßƒ ]mc-ºc
- y-Øn-\p≈ {]mam-WytØbpw JWvUn-°p∂pthm?
D:˛ C√. ]t£, \nß-fpsS sX‰n-≤m-c-Wsb
AwKo-I-cn-°msX JWvUn-°p-∂p-sh-t∂-bp-≈q.
tNm:˛ Fs‚ [mcW sX‰m-sW∂pw \nßfpsS [mcW icn-b m-s W-∂ p-a p-≈-Xn- \ p≈
sXfn-sh¥v?
D:˛ sXfnhp Xcmw. \nßƒ At©m Btdm
Xe- a p- d - b n¬ \S- ∂ p- h - ∂ Xv k\m- X - \ - a mb
\S∏msW∂p hnNm-cn-°p-∂p. Rßƒ thZhpw
krjvSnbpw D≠m-bX
- p-ap-X¬°v Ct∂-hs
- c-bp≈
]mc-º-cysØ {]am-W-ambn kzoI-cn-°p-∂p.
t\m°p-I, t{ijvT\mb ]nXm-hn\v ZpjvS-\mb
]p{X-\p-≠m-Im-dp-≠v. \√-hs‚ ]nXmhv ZpjvS\m-bn-cn-°m-dp≠v. Nne-t∏mƒ ]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw
t{ijvTcpw Nne-t∏mƒ Ah-cn-cp-hcpw ZpjvScpw
Bbn-°m-Wp-∂p. \nßƒ sX‰n-≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
tb\mky ]nXtcm bmXm tb\ bmXm
]nXm-almx. tX\bmbm’Xmw am¿Kw tX\
65
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
tNm:˛ {_m“-tWmky apJ-am-koZv _mlpcm- P - \ yx- I rXx Ducq XZky bssZziyx
]Zv`ymMv iqt{ZmfAPm-b-X.
bPp¿thZw 31-˛mw A[ymbw ]Xn-s\m∂mw
a{¥-am-Wn-Xv. {_m“-W≥ Cuiz-cs‚ apJ-Øp\n- ∂ pw £{Xn- b ≥ _mlp- ° - f n¬ \n∂pw
sshiy≥ Ducp-°-fn¬ \n∂pw iq{Z≥ ]mZß-fn¬ \n∂pw D≠mbn F∂mWv CXns‚
A¿∞w. apJw Iøm-hp-I-tbm Iøv apJ-amhp-Itbm C√. A∆Æw {_m“-W¿ £{Xnbm-Zn-I-fm-hp-Itbm £{Xn-bm-Zn-Iƒ {_m“-Wcm-hp-Itbm sNøp-I-bn-√.
D:˛ Cu a{¥- Ø n\p \nßƒ ]d- b p∂
A¿∞w icn-b-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ ChnsS ]pcpj≥ AYhm \ncm-Im-c\pw k¿h-hym-]n-bp-amb
]c-am-flm-hn-s\-∏-‰n-bmWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. \ncm-Imc-\mb ]c-am-flm-hn\v apJhpw a‰-h-b-h-ßfpw
D≠m-hm≥ Xc-an-√. Ds≠-¶n¬ Ah≥ k¿hhym- ] n- b - √ . k¿h- h ym- ] n- b - s √- ¶ n¬ k¿h- i ‡≥, PK- Ø ns‚ krjv S n- ÿ nXn kwlm- c I¿Øm-hv, Pohm-flm-°-fpsS ]pWy-]m-]-ß-ƒ
Adn™v ê-hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ sNøp-∂-h≥, k¿h⁄≥, P\-\-a-c-W-an-√m-Ø-h≥ apX-emb hntij-W-ß-ƒ°v A¿l-\p-a-√. AXn\m¬ Cu a{¥-Øns‚ A¿∞w C{]-Im-c-amWv (A-ky) k¿h- h ym- ] n- b m- b n- c n- ° p∂ ]c- a m- fl m- h ns‚
krjvSn-bn¬ (ap-J-av) apJ-sa-∂-t]mse F√m‰nepw apJy≥- ˛ - D - Ø - a ≥- ˛ - B - b n- c n- ° p- ∂ - h ≥
({_m“- W x) {_m“- W \pw (_m- l q)
""_mlpcvssh _ew; _mlpcvssh- hocyw''
_ew hocyw F∂n- h - b psS \mam- ¥ - c - a mWv
_mlp; 11 F∂p iX-]-Y-{_m-“-W-Øn-ep-≈-Xn\m¬ _e-ho-cy-ßƒ
- A[n-Ia
- p-≈h
- ≥ (cm-P\
- yx)
£{Xn-b\pw (Du-cp) Ac-s°-ńs‚ Nph-ńepw
apńs‚ apI-fn-ep-am-bn´p≈ Ducp-hns‚ _ewsIm≠v F√m-bn-SØpw k©-cn-°p-∂-h≥ (sshiyx) sshiy- \ pw (]- Z v ` ymw) ico- c - Ø ns‚
XmgsØ Ah-b-h-amb ]mZw t]mse aqVX
apX-emb A[-a-Kp-W-ß-tfmSp IqSn-b-h≥ (iq{Zx) iq{Z\pw BIp-∂p. iX-]-Y-{_m-“Ww apXemb a‰p {KŸ- ß - f nepw Cu a{¥- Ø ns‚
A¿∞w C{]-Imcw Xs∂-bmWv hymJym-\n-®n´p-≈Xv.
bkvam-tZ-tX -ap-Jym-kvX-kvam∑pJ-tXm -lykr-Py-¥ -C-XymZn 12
Ch¿ apJy-cm-b-Xp-sIm≠v apJ-Øn¬ \n∂p≠mbn F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv kwK-X-am-Wv. apJw
F√m Ah-b-h-ß-fnepw t{ijvT-am-Wv. AXpt]mse ]q¿Wamb sshZpjyw, DØ-a-amb
KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ßƒ F∂nh \nan-Øw a\pjy-h¿K-Øn¬ t{ijvTsc {_m“-W¿ F∂p
]d-bp∂p F∂¿∞w. \ncm-Im-c-\mb Cuiz-c\v
apJw apX-emb Ah-b-h-ßƒ C√. At∏mƒ
Ah-bn¬ \n∂p P\n-°p-I-sb∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv
h‘ym-]p-{Xs‚ hnhm-l-sa-∂-hÆw Akw-`-hyam-Wv. {_m“-Wm-Zn-Iƒ apJw apX-emb Ah-bh-ß-fn¬ \n∂mWp P\n-®-sX-¶n¬ D]mZm-\Im-c-W-Øns‚ BIrXn Ah¿°p e`n-t°-≠Xm-bn-cp-∂p. hrØm-Im-c-amb apJ-Øn¬ \n∂p≠mb {_m“-W-cpsS ico-chpw hrØm-Im-c-ambn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. £{Xn-b-cpsS icocw _mlp°tf-t∏m-se-bpw sshiy-cpsS icocw Ducp-°tf-t∏m-se-bpw iq{Z-cpsS icocw ]mZ-ß-tft∏msebpw Bbn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ Imcyw
Aß-s\-b-√. IqSmsX ""Cuiz-c-ap-JØp \n∂p≠m-b-h¿°v {_m“-W-kw⁄ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
F∂m¬ \nßfpw a‰p-≈-hsc t]mse K¿`m-ib-Øn¬ \n∂p-≠m-b-h-cm-I-bm¬ \nßƒ°v B
kw⁄ e`n-°n-√. apJ-Øp-\n-∂p-≠m-ImsX
{_m“-W-cmWv Xß-sf∂v hrYm A-`n-am-\n-°p∂-h-cmWv F∂v \nß-tfmSv Bcm\pw ]d-t™bv ° mw. \nßƒ ]d™ A¿∞- a √ Rm≥
]d™ a{¥m¿∞-amWv kXyw. A\y{X ]dbp∂p.˛
iqt{Zm {_m“-W-Xm-taXn {_m“-Wss›Xn- iq-{Z-Xmav. £{X-n-bm-÷m-X-tahw Xp hnZymssZz-iym-Ø-ssY-h N (a-\p. 10.65)
iq{Z- I p- e - Ø n¬ P\n- ® - h \v {_m“- W ≥
£{Xn-b≥ sshiy≥ F∂n-hc
- psS KpW-I¿akz`m-hß
- f
- p-s≠-¶n¬ Ah≥ {_m“-Wt- \m £{Xnb-t\m sshiyt\m BIp-∂p. AXp-t]mse
{_m“W- s ‚- t bm £{Xn- b - s ‚- t bm sshiys‚tbm Ipe-Øn¬ ]nd∂ Hcp-hs‚ KpW-I¿akz-`m-h-ßƒ iq{Zs‚ BsW-¶n¬ Ah¿ iq{Z\m-Ip-∂p. £{Xn-bs
- ‚tbm sshiys‚tbm IpeØn¬ ]nd∂h¿°v {_m“-W-s‚tbm iq{Z-
11 Cu aqew C∂p e`y-amb iX-]-Y-Øn¬ Zriy-a-√.
12 Xkvam-tZtX apJym apJtXm lykr-Py¥
(ssX. kw 7.1.1.4) Xmc-X-aym¿Yw.
66
\memw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
h¿W-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Ah¿°p e`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
KpW-I¿a-ß-f-\p-k-cn-®p≈ Cu h¿W-hy-hÿ
s]Ïn-Sm-ßƒ°p ]Xn-\mdp hb pw ]pcp-j∑m¿°p Ccp-]-Øn-b©p hb pw D≈-t∏mƒ
sNøWw. {_m“- W ≥ {_m“n- W n- t b- b pw
£{Xn-b≥ £{Xn-b-tbbpw sshiy≥ sshiytbbpw iq{Z≥ iq{Z-tbbpw hnhmlw sNøWw
F¶nte Ah-cpsS PmXn-[¿a-ßƒ bYm-{Iaw
\S-°p-Ibpw ]c-kv]-c-kvt\lw \ne-\n¬°p-Ibp-ap-≈q. C\n \mep h¿W-ß-fp-sSbpw KpWI¿aßsf hnh-cn-°mw.
1. A[ym- ] - \ - a- [ y- b \w bP\w bmP\w
XYm. Zm\w {]Xn-{K-lw ssN-h -{_m-“-Wm-\ma-I-ev]-bXv (Sn. 1.88)
2. itam Za-kvX]x iuNw £m¥n-cm¿P-hta-h N ⁄m\w hn⁄m-\-am-kvXnIyw {_“Icva- kz-`m-h-Pav (Ko-X. 18.42)
1. ]Tn-°p-I, ]Tn-∏n-°p-I, b⁄w sNøp-I,
sNøn-°p-I, Zm\-ßƒ sImSp-°p-I, {]Xn-{Klw
hmßp-I, Ch-bmdpw {_m“-W\p hn[n® I¿aß-fm-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬ {]Xn-{Klx {]Xy-hcx
F∂ a\p hN-\-Øm¬ {]Xn-{Klw hmßp-∂Xv
\oN-I¿a-am-Wv. 14
2. (i-ax) ZpjvI¿a-ßƒ sNøp-hm≥ C—n-°pI
t]mepw sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-I, A[¿a-am¿K-Øn¬
Ncn-°p-hm≥ a\- ns\ A\p-h-Zn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I.
(Z-ax) sNhn, IÆv, apX-emb ⁄mt\-{µn-bßsf A\ym-bm-N-c-W-Øn¬ \n∂p \ntcm-[n®v
[¿a- a m¿K- Ø n¬ {]h¿Øn- ∏ n- ° p- I ; (X- ] x)
{_“-Nm-cnbpw PntX-{µn-b-\p-am-bn-cp∂v kZm
[¿aw A\p-jvTn-°pI (iu-Nw)˛
AZv`ncv Km{XmWn ip[y¥n a\x- k-tXy\
ip[yXn hnZym-X-t]m`ymw `qXmflm _p≤n¿
⁄mt\\ ip[yXn
(a-\p. 5. 109)
Pew-sIm≠v ico-c-Øns‚ _mlym-h-b-h-ßfpw kXym-N-c-W-Øm¬ a\-kpw hnZy [¿am-\pjvTm\w F∂n-h-bm¬ Pohm-flmhpw ⁄m\w
sIm≠v _p≤nbpw ]cn-ip-≤-am-Ip-∂p. B¥-cnI-amb cmK-tZzjmZn tZmj-ßƒ _mly-am-en\yw
s‚tbm KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ß-fp-s≠-¶n¬ Ah¿
{_m“-Wtcm iq{Ztcm BIp-∂p. \mep PmXnI-fn-te-Xn¬ P\n-®mepw KpW-I¿a-ßƒ°-\p-kcn®v kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m-cpsS PmXn \n¿Wbn-°W-sa-∂¿∞w.
1. [cva-N-cybm PLt\ym hcvWx ]qcvhw
]qcvhw hcvW-am-]-ZytX PmXn ]cn-hr-sØu.
2. A[cv a - N - c ybm ]qcv t hm hcv t Wm
PL\yw PL-\yw 13 h¿W-am-]-ZytX PmXn
]cn-hrsØu
Cu B]kvXw-_-kq-{X-ß-fpsS A¿∞w ]dbmw˛
1. \nIr-jvS-Pm-Xn-bn¬ P\n-®n-´p≈ Hcp-h≥
[¿am- \ p- j v T m\w sIm≠v DXv I r- j v S - a mb
PmXnsb {]m]n-°p-∂p. tbmKy-X-b-\p-k-cn®v
PmXn-bn¬ Ahs\ KWn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
2. AXp-t]mse D∂-X-h¿W-Pm-X¿ A[¿am\p-jvTm-\-Øm¬ XmW-Pm-Xnsb {]m]n-°p-Ibpw
GXp h¿W-Øn¬ tNcp-hm≥ tbmKy-X-bpt≠m
B h¿W-Øn¬ Ahs\ KWn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.
]pcp-j-∑msc tbmKy-X-b-\p-k-cn®v Hmtcm
PmXn-bn¬ KWn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bmWv kv{XoIfpsS PmXn-hy-h-ÿ-bpw. Cu hyh-ÿ- \n-anØw
F√m h¿Wßfpw Ah-c-h-cpsS KpW-I¿a-kz`m-h-ß-tfm-Sp-IqSn ]cn-ip-≤-ambn h¿Øn-°psa∂p kn≤n- ° p- ∂ p. {_m“- W - I p- e - Ø n¬
£{Xn-b-t\-tbm sshiy-t\tbm iq{Z-t\tbm
t]mse Hcp-h≥ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. CXpt]mse £{Xn-b-ssh-iy-iq-{Z-h¿Wßfpw ]cnip-≤-am-bn-cn-°pw. h¿Wk¶-cX D≠m-Ip-∂-X√. X∂n-anØw Hcp h¿W-Øn\pw \nµtbm
Atbm-Ky-Xtbm D≠m-hp-Ibpan-√.
tNm:˛ Hcp-hs‚ GI-]p-{Xt\m ]p{Xntbm
CX-c-h¿W-Øn¬ s]´m¬ ]ns∂ amXm-]n-Xm°-∑msc Bcp ip{iq-jn°pw? IqSmsX hwihnt—Zw hcp-hm\pw CS-bp-≠v. CXn\v F¥mWp
]cn-lmcw?
D:˛ BcpsS ip{iq-jbv°pw XI-cm-dn-√. XdhmSp apSn-b p-I-b p-an-√ . Xß-fpsS a°ƒ°p
]Icw Xß- f psS PmXn- s °m- Ø - h - Æ - a p≈
k¥m-\-ß-sf, hnZzm-∑m-cpsS k`-bn-tem cmPk-Z- ntem sNøp∂ hyh-ÿ-{]-Imcw CXc-
14 a\p 10. 109 (b⁄w, A[ym-]\w apX-em-b-h-bm¬
Ime-bm-]\
- a
- m-Wp-Øa
- w.)
(ku-P\yw hmß-cp-sX∂v Xmev]c
- yw)
13 B]-kvXw_ [¿a-kq{Xw 2.5.11, 10-˛11
67
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
I-i-‡nbpw Bfl-_-e-hpw -h¿≤n-∏n-°p-I.
(siu- c y- a v ) At\- I m- b ncw i{Xp- ° sf
H‰bv°v FXn¿°p-∂-Xn¬ `b-an-√m-bva, (tX-Px)
kZm tXPkv ˛Zo-\-`m-h-an-√mØ ZrV-Kmw-òcyw
([r-Xnx) ss[cyw (Zm-£y-av) cmP-{]-Pm--kw-_‘n-X-amb F√m Imcy-ß-fnepw s]cp-am-‰-ß-fnepw imkv{X-ß-fnepw alm-ssh-ZKv≤yw (bpt≤) ]n¥n-cn™p ]mem-b\w sNømsX bp≤Øn¬ \n¿`-b-Xzhpw AN-©-e-Xz-hpw˛ Fßs\bpw hnP-b-Øn-\mbn t]mcm-Sp∂ kz`m-hw˛
]mem-b\w sNbvXm¬ Poh-c-£bpw Pbhpw
e`y-sa-¶n¬ Aßs\ sNøm≥ k∂-≤X (Zm\-av) Zm\-ioew (Cu-iz-c-`m-hx) ]£-]mXw
C√msX kI-e-tcm-Spw bYm-tbm-Ky-ap≈ s]cpam-‰w, \√Xpw NoØbpw Adn-™p-sIm≠v Zm\w
sNøp-I, {]Xn-⁄m-ew-L\w hcp-Øm-Xn-cn-°pI
F∂n-ßs\ £{Xn-bcpsS KpW-I¿a-ßƒ ]{¥s≠-Æ-am-Wv.
]iq\mw c£Ww Zm\-an-Pym-[yb-\-ta-hN
hWn-Iv]Yw IpkoZw N sshiyky Irjntah N. (a-\p. 1.90)
(]-ip-c-£-Ww) I∂p-Im-en-Isf kwc-£n°pI (Zm-\w) hnZym-[¿a-ß-fpsS A`n-hr-≤n°v
kºØp \¬IpI (C-Pym) A·n-tlm{Xw apXemb b⁄-ßƒ sNøp-Ibpw (A-[y-b-\w)
thZm-Zn-im-kv{X-ßƒ A`y-kn-°pI (h-WnIv
]Yx) k¿h-hn-[-amb I®-hSw \S-ØpI (Ipko-Zw) \qdp-dp-∏n-Ibv°v \mtem Btdm Ft´m
]{¥t≠m ]Xn-\mtdm Ccp-]tXm AW-bn-e[nIw ]eni ]‰msX ]Ww sImSpØp hmßpI˛ Hcp \q‰m≠p Ign-™mepw apX-ens‚ Cc-ńbn¬ IqSp-X-emb ]en-i-hm-ßmsX ]W-hym]mcw sNøp-I. (Ir-jnx) Irjn-sNbvXp hnf-shSp-°p-I. Ch-sb√mw sshiys‚ KpW-I¿a-ßfm-Ip-∂p.
GI-ta-hXp iq{Zky {]`px Icva kam-ZniXv. GtX-jm-tah hcvWm\mw ip{iq-jm-a-\kq-bbm (a\p.1.91)
\nµy, Cu¿jy, Al-¶mcw apX-emb tZmjßƒ shSn- ™ v , {_m“- W - £ - { Xn- b - s sh- i y∑msc th≠-hÆw ip{iq-jn®v PohnXw Ign-®pIq-´p-I-am-{X-amWv iq{Zs‚ KpWhpw I¿a-hp-ambn-´p-≈-Xv. Cßs\ \mep h¿W-ß-fp-sSbpw
KpW-I¿a-ßƒ Npcp°n ]d-™p. Bcn¬ GXp
F∂n-h AI‰n ]cn-ip-≤-\m-bn-cn-°p-I. kXymk-Xy-ßsf Xncn-®-dn™p kXysØ sIm≈pIbpw Ak-XysØ X≈p-Ibpw sNøp-I. Ch
]cn-ip-≤n-bn-te°v a\p-jys\ \bn-°p-∂p. (£m¥nx) \nµm {]iw- k - I ƒ, kpJ- Z px- J - ß ƒ,
iotXm-jvW-ßƒ, em`-\-jvSßƒ, am\m-]-am-\ßƒ, hni∏pw Zmlhpw apX-emb kt¥m-jk-¥m-]-ßƒ hI hbv°msX [¿a-Øn¬ ZrVNn-Ø-cm-bn-cn-°pI (BcvPh-av) s]cp-am-‰-Øn¬
]ucp-jw, A`n-am-\w, ITn-\-kz-`m-hw, IpSn-e-X,
apX-emb tZmj-ßsf XyPn-°p-I, (⁄m-\-av)
thZmZn kI-e-im-kv{X-ßfpw kmwtKm-]mwKw
]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hm-\p≈
kma¿∞yw, hnth-I-]q¿h-I-amb kXym-k-Xy\n¿Wbw, hkvXp-°sf bYmXYam-bn-˛-tN-X\sØ tNX-\a
- mbpw PUsØ PU-am-bpw˛ Adnbp-Ibpw s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw sNøpI (hn-⁄m-\av) ]rYnhn XpSßn Cuiz-c-]-cy-¥-ap≈ kI-eXn-s‚bpw hnti-j-⁄m-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn Ahsb
tbmKy-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥ Adn-bp-I. Cuizc≥, thZw, tam£w, ]p\¿÷∑w F∂n-h-bnep≈ hnizm-k-tØbpw [¿am-\p-jvTm-\w, hnZym[y-b-\w, k’wKw F∂n-h-tbbpw amXm-]n-Xm°ƒ, Kpcp, AXnYn F∂n-h-cpsS ip{iq-jtbbpw Hcp-\mfpw XyPn-°p-Itbm \nµn-°pItbm sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-I, Cßs\ ]Xn-\©p
KpW- I ¿a- ß ƒ {_m“- W - P m- X n- b n- e p- ≈ h¿s°√mw Ahiyw D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠-h-bm-Wv.
1. {]Pm\mw c£Ww Zm\-an-Pym-[y-b\
- t- ah
N. hnjt-b-jz-{]-k-‡n› £{Xn-bky kamkXx (a-\p. 1.89)
2. iucyw tXtPm [rXncvZm£yw bpt≤
Nm]y-]-em-b\w Zm\-ao-iz-c-`m-h› £m{Xw
Icva-kz-`m-hPav (Ko-X. 18.43)
1. \ymb-ambn {]Pm-]-cn-]m-e\w sNøp-I˛
AXm-bXv ]£-]mXw IqSmsX \√-hsc c£n°p-Ibpw ZpjvSsc in£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXv
F√m-h-scbpw bYm-tbmKyw ]cn-]m-en-°p-I˛
(Zm-\a
- v) hnZybpw [¿ahpw {]N-cn-∏n-°p∂Xn\pw
k÷\-ßsf kXvI-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pw k-ºØp
sNeh-gn-°pI. (C-Pym) A·n-tlm{Xw XpSßnb b⁄-ßƒ sNøp-I, sNøn-∏n-°pI (A[y-b-\-av) thZm-Zn-im-kv{X-ßƒ ]Tn-°pI ]Tn∏n-°pI (hn-j-tb-jz-{]-k-‡nx) hnj-b-kp-Jmk-‡-\m-ImsX PntX-{µn-b-\mbn kZm Imbn68
\memw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
3. hcs‚ ssIbn¬ \n∂v kzev]w Zm\w
hmßn I\y-Isb Zm\w sNøp-∂-Xn\v "B¿jw'
F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
4. [¿a-Øns‚ A`n-hr-≤nsb e£y-am°n \SØp∂ hnhm-l-Øn\v "{]mPm-]Xyw' F∂p ]dbp∂p
5. hc\pw I\y-Ibv°pw ]Ww sImSpØp \SØp∂ hnhmlw "Bkp-c-am-Wv.'
6. hnhm- l - Ø ns‚ ka- b- c o- X n- I - f - \ p- k - c n°msX ]c-kv]-cm-\p-cm-K-Øm¬ `mcym-`¿Øm°-∑m-cm-Ip-∂-Xns\ "Km‘¿hw' F∂p ]d-bp∂p.
7. bp≤w sNbvXp _em¬°m-tc-W-tbm I]S-amtbm I\y-Isb A]-l-cn-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip∂-Xn\v cm£kw F∂p t]cm-Wv.
8. Dd-ßp-I-tbm aZytam at‰m IpSn®v aXn-a-d∂n- c n- ° p- I tbm sNøp∂ I\y- I sb _em’wKw sNøp-∂-Xn\v "ss]imNw' F∂pw t]¿.
C∏- d ™ F´p- X cw hnhm- l - ß - f n¬
AXnt{ijvTw {_m“-hn-hm-l-am-Wv. ssZhw,
{]mPm- ] Xyw F∂nh a[y- a - ßfpw B¿jw,
Bkp- c w, Km‘¿hw, F∂nh \nIr- j v S - ß fpamWv. cm£kw A[a-hpw ss]imNw AXn
\oN-hp-a-t{X. h[q-h-c-∑m¿ hnhm-l-Øn\p apºv
GIm-¥-ambn ktΩ-fn-°-cp-sX∂v Xocp-am-\n-°mhp-∂-Xm-Wv. kv{Xo ]pcp-j-∑m-cpsS bu∆-\Ønse GIm-¥k
- t- Ω-f\w tZmj-Ic
- a
- m-Wv. I\yIbv°pw hc\pw hnhm-lIme-am-bm¬-˛-{_-“-Ncyhpw ]T- \ hpw apgp- h - \ m- ° p- h m≥ Ht∂m
Actbm sIm√w _m°n-bp-≈-t∏mƒ˛ I\y-Ibp-sSbpw hc-s‚bpw Nn{Xw FSp-∏n®v s]Ïpń-IfpsS A[ym-]I
- ¿°v BÏp-ń-If
- psS Nn{Xhpw BÏp-ń-I-fpsS A[ym-]-I¿°v s]Ïpń- I - f psS Nn{Xhpw Ab- ® p- s Im- S p- ° - W w.
GtXXp h[q-h-c-∑m¿°v tN¿® ImWp-∂pthm
Ah-cpsS Poh-N-cn-{Xw-˛-P-\\w apX¬°v At∂h-sc-bp≈ F√m Imcy-ßf
- p-aS- ß
- nb ]pkvXI
- w˛
Ds≠-¶n¬ AXp hmßn A[ym-]-I¿ hmbn-®pt\m- ° - W w. KpW- I ¿a kz`m- h - ß ƒ°v
s]mcpØw I≠m¬, Aß-s\-bp≈ kv{Xo]pcp-j-∑m-cpsS Nn{Xhpw Ncn-{Xhpw At\ym\yw
sImSpØv Ah-cpsS A`n-{]mbw Adn-bn-°p-hm≥
Kpcp-°-∑m¿ Ah-tcmSp ]d-b-Ww. Ccp-hcpw
hnhm-l-Øn\p kΩ-Xn-®m¬ Ccp-h-cp-sSbpw
h¿W-Øns‚ KpW-I¿a-ßƒ ImWp-∂pthm
Ah¿°p am{Xta B h¿W-Øn¬ tNcm≥
A[n-Imcw \¬Im-hq. C{]-Imcw \nb-an-X-ambm¬ kI-e-P-\-ßƒ°pw A`ypZ-b-ap-≠m-Ipw.
Imc-Ww, DXvIrjvS h¿W-°m¿°v Xß-fpsS
k¥m-\-ßƒ aqV-cm-bm¬ iq{Z-cm-bn-t∏m-Ipsa∂p `b-ap-≠m-Ipw. Xßƒ°p hn[n® kz`mh-Kp-Whpw hnZym-`ym-khpw Cs√-¶n¬ Xßƒ
iq{Z-cmbn t]mIp-sa∂ `bw Ah-cpsS k¥m\-ßƒ°pw D≠mbn-cn-°pw. \nIr-jvS-Pm-Xn-bn¬
P\n-®-h¿°v DXv-Ir-jvS-h¿WsØ {]m]n-°phm≥ Hu’pIyw h¿≤n-°pw. hnZy-tbbpw [¿atØbpw {]N- c n- ∏ n- ° p- h m- \ p≈ A[n- I mcw
{_m“- W ¿°p Xs∂ sImSp- ° - W w. Ah¿
]q¿W-ssh-Zpjyw kºm-Zn-®-hcpw [m¿an-I-cp-amI-bm¬ Ah¿°v B tPmen sNøp-hm≥ Ign-hp≠v. \mSp `cn-°p-hm≥ A[n-Imcw £{Xn-b¿°p
am{Xw sImSp-Øm¬ cmPy-Im-cy-ßƒ Hcn-°epw
apS-ßp-I-bn-√. ]ip-]m-e\w apX-embh sshiy∑m¿°p hn´p sImSp- ° - W w, B sXmgn¬
\∂mbn sNøp-hm≥ Ah¿°p i‡n-bp≠v.
iq{Z¿°p ip{iqjm-[n-Imcw am{Xw hn[n-®Xv
Ah¿ ]Tn-∏n-√m-Ø-hcpw aqV-∑m-cp-am-I-bm¬,
hn⁄m-\-kw-_-‘n-bmb {]hr-Øn-sbm∂pw
sNøp-hm≥ Ah¿°v Ign-hn-√m-bvI-bm-em-Wv.
F∂m¬ Ah¿°p Imbn-I-i-‡n-bp-≠v. C{]Imcw I¿a-i-‡n-b-\p-k-cn-®p≈ h¿W-ßsf
Ah-c-h-cpsS ÿm\-ß-fn¬ {]h¿Øn-∏n-°p∂Xv `c-Wm-[n-]-cpsS I¿Ø-hy-am-Wv.
hnhm-l-Øns‚ e£-W-ßƒ
{_mt“m ssZh-kvX-ssY-hmcvjx {]mPm]XykvXYm-kpcx Km‘cvthm cm£-k-ss›h- ss]-im-N-›m-jvS-tam-f[ax (a-\p. 3.21)
{_m“w, ssZhw, B¿jw, {]mPm-]-Xyw,
Bkp-cw, Km‘¿hw, cm£-kw, ss]im-Nw,
F∂n-ßs\ hnhmlw F´p-hn-[-Øn-ep-≠v. ChbpsS e£-W-ßƒ ]d-bmw.
1. hn[n-{]-Imcw {_“-N-cy-{h-X-tØm-Sp-IqSn
kºm-Zn® ]q¿W-ssh-Zp-jyw, [m¿an-IX
- , kuioeyw, F∂n-h-tbm-Sp-IqSn h[q-h-c-∑m¿ ]c-kv]cw
t{]a-tØmsS \S-Øp∂ hnhm-l-amWv {_m“w.
2. henb b⁄w \-S-°p∂ Ah-k-c-ß-fn¬
EXzn-°ns\ Pmam-Xm-hmbn hcn-®v, s]m≥]-≠ß-f-Wn™ I\y-Isb `mcy-bmbn \¬Ip-∂XmWv "ssZh' hnhm-lw.
69
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
kam-h¿Ø\w Hcp-an®p \S-Ø-Ww. A[ym-]-IcpsS km∂n-≤y-Øn¬ hnhmlw \S-Øp-hm≥
CcpIqćpw C—n-°p∂ ]£w Kpcp-Kr-l-Øn¬
ht®m Cs√-¶n¬ I\y-I-bpsS ]nXr-Kr-l-Øn¬
ht®m hnhmlw \S-Øp-∂-Xm-Wp-Nn-Xw. Ccphcpw t\cn´p I≠pI-gn-™m¬ Kpcp-°-∑m¿,
amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ, apX-em-b-h-cpsS apºn¬ sh®v
Ah-sc-s°m≠v kw`m-j-Whpw imkv{Xm¿∞hm-Zhpw \S-Øn-°-Ww. Ah¿°v At\ym\yw
cl-ky-ambn h√Xpw tNmZn-®-dn-b-W-sa-¶n¬
k`-bn¬ h®p-Xs∂ Fgp-Øp-aq-ea
- p≈ tNmtZymØ-c-ßƒ sIm≠v Adn-™p-sIm-≈-Ww. c≠pt]¿°pw At\ym\yw Dd® t{]a-ap-s≠∂p
I≠m¬ A∂p-ap-X¬ Ah¿°v DØ-a-`-£Ww
sImSp-∏n-°p-hm≥ G¿∏mSp sNø-Ww. {_“-Ncyw, hnZym-[y-b\w F∂o X]kpw t¢i-ßfpw
\nanØw Zp¿_-e-amb icocw N{µ-°e hfcpwt]mse Ipd-®p-Zn-hkw sIm≠v ]pjvS-am-Ipw.
taevt]m´p hen-®p-]n-Sn-°-Ww. tbm\n-bpsS D]cn-`m-KsØ kt¶m-Nn-∏n-®v, hocysØ apI-fnte°v BI¿jn®v K¿`m-i-b-Øn¬ ÿm]n-°Ww.*
]n∂oSv Ccp-hcpw ip≤-Pe
- Ø
- n¬ Ipfn-°W
- w.
hnZp-jn-bmb kv{Xo K¿`-ap-≠m-bm¬ At∏mƒ
Xs∂ Adn- b pw. Hcp- a mkw Ign- b p- t ºmƒ
B¿Øhw \n∂p- t ]m- I p- t ºmƒ kIe
kv{XoIƒ°pw K¿`-\n-›bw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.
]n∂oSv c≠p-t]cpw Np°v, tIk-cw, Aap-°ncw
F∂o acp-∂p-I-fn´p Xnf-∏n® ]men¬ I¬°≠hpw tN¿Øv CjvSw t]mse IpSn-®v, Ah-\hs‚ iø-bn¬ XΩn¬ sXmSmsX InS-∂p-d-ßWw. K¿`m-[m\w sNøp-tºm-sg√mw C{]-Imcw
Xs∂-sN-øp-∂-Xm-Wp-Nn-Xw. Hcp amkw XnI-bp∂- X p- h sc B¿Øhw ImWm- Xn- c n- ° p- I bpw
K¿`-ap-s≠∂p Xo¿®-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬
A∂p-ap-X¬ Hcp sIm√-tØ°p kv{Xo]p-cp-j∑m¿ kwtbmKw sNø-cp-Xv. Cßs\ sNbvXm¬
am{Xta DØ-a-amb k¥m\w D≠m-hp-I-bp-≈q.
]n∂o- S p- ≠ m- I p∂ k¥m\w \∂m- h m\pw
CsXmcp Imc-W-am-Ipw. A\yYm hocyw- hy¿∞am-hp-Ibpw X∂n-anØw c≠p-t]-cp-sSbpw Bbp p- £-bn-°p-Ibpw hnhn-[-tcm-K-ßƒ D≠m-hpIbpw sNøpw. F∂m¬ At\ym\yw
kkvt\lw k√-]n-°p-∂Xpw t{]a-]q¿hw s]cpam-dp-∂Xpw Bh-iy-am-Wv. kz]v\-Øn¬ t]mepw
hocy-kvJ-e-\-ap-≠m-ImsX ]pcp-j≥ AXns\
c£n-°-Ww. AXyp-Ø-a-amb cq]w, emh-Wyw,
]pjvSn, _ew, ]cm-{Iaw F∂n-h-bm¬ bp‡ambn ]Ømw amk-Øn¬ P\n-°-Ø-°-hÆw
Blm-c-h-kv{Xm-Zn-I-fm¬ kv{Xo K¿`-c£ sNøWw. \memw amkw apXepw hnti-jn®v F´mw
amk-Øn\p tij-hp-amWv K¿`-c£ sNtø-≠Xv. K¿`nWn hntc-N-I-hpw cq£-hpw amZ-I-hpw
_p≤n-˛-_-e-\m-i-I-hp-amb ]Zm¿∞-ß-sfm∂pw
`£n-°-cp-Xv. s\øv, ]m¬, \√ Acn, tKmX-ºv,
sNdp-]-b¿, Dgp∂v apX-em-bh bp‡n-]q¿hw
tZi-Im-e-ß-f-\p-k-cn®v `£n-°-Ww. K¿`-ImeØv \memw amk-Øn¬ ]pwk-h\w F´mw
amk-Øn¬ koa-t¥m-∂-b\w F∂o kwkvIm-
K¿`-m[m-\-hn[n
AXn-\p-tijw I\yI cP-kz-e-bm-bn-cp∂p
Ipfn®p ip≤-amb Znhkw hnhm-l-a-WvU-]hpw
thZnbpw \n¿an®v kpK-‘-{Z-hy-ßƒsIm≠pw
LrXm-Zn-IƒsIm≠pw tlmaw sNbvXv hnZzm-∑mscbpw hnZp-jn-I-tfbpw bYm-tbmKyw k¬°cn-°-Ww. ]n∂oSv K¿`m-[m-\-Øn\v tbmKy-amb
Znhkw kwkvIm-c-hn[n F∂ {KŸ-Ønse
hn[n-b-\p-k-cn®v kI-e-I¿a-ßfpw sNbvXv a[ycm{Xn ka- b tØm Akv X - a n®p ]Øp- \ m- g nIbv°p tijtam AXy¥w {]k-∂c
- mbn kIe
P\-ßf
- p-sSbpw apºn¬ h®v ]mWn-{K-lW
- ]
- q¿hI-ambn hnhm-l-{Inb apgp-h\pw \SØn hnP-\amb ib-\K
- r-lØ
- n¬ {]th-in-°W
- w. ]pcp-j≥
hn[n-{]-Imcw hocy-ÿm-]-\hpw kv{Xoho-cy-{Kl- W hpw sNø- W w. {_“- N - c y- Ø nse
hocysØ Ign-bp-∂n-S-tØmfw hy¿∞-am-°n-°f-bm-Xn-cn-°-Ww. B hocyhpw cPkpw IqSnt®¿∂p-≠m-Ip∂ icocw DØ-a-k-¥m-\-am-Ip-∂Xm-Wv. hocyw K¿`m-i-b-Øn-te°p hogm-dm-Iptºmƒ kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿ Ccp-hcpw ÿnc-i-coc-cm-bpw IÆn\p t\sc IÆv, aq°n\p t\sc
aq°v F∂o {Ia-Øn¬ \nh¿∂p hf-hn-√msX
h¿Øn-°-Ww. teiw t]mepw Cf-I-cp-Xv. ]pcpj≥ Xs‚ ico-csØ Xf¿Ø-Ww. hocy-{]m]vXn- k - a bw kv{Xo A]m- \ - h m- b p- h ns\
*
70
Cu hnjbw tKm]y-am-Ib
- m¬ C{X-am{Xw ]d-™n-´p≈-Xn¬\n-∂p apgp-h\pw a\-kn-em-°n-s°m-≈-Ww.
IqSp-X¬ hnkvX-cn-s®-gp-Xp-∂Xv DNn-X-a-√.
(a-l¿jn-bpsS ASn-°p-dn-∏m-WnXv ]cn-`m-jI
- t- ‚-X√
- )
\memw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
°-Ww. Ipń-bpsS \ma-Ic
- W
- mZn kwkvIm-cß
- ƒ
kwkvIm-c-hn-[n-bnse coXn-b-\p-k-cn®v bYmImew sNø-Ww. kv{Xo ho≠pw cP-kz-e-bmbn
ip≤n-t\-Sn-bm¬ ho≠pw Cßs\ EXp-Zm-\-amImw.
EXp-Im-em-`n-Kmao kym’z-Zm-c\
- n-cXx kZm.
]cvh-hcvPw {htP-ss®\mw XZv{htXm cXn-Imaybm (a-\p. 3.45)
\nµym-kz-jvSmkp Nm\ymkp kv{Xntbm
cm{Xn-jp-hcvP-b\v. {_“-Nm-tcyh `hXn b{XX-{Xm-{ita hk≥ (Sn. 3.50)
kz `mcy-bm¬ kwXr-]vX\pw EXp-Km-an-bp-amb-h≥ Krl-ÿ-s\-¶nepw {_“-Nm-cn°p Xpey\m-Wv.
1. k¥pjvtSm `mcybm `cvØm `cv{Xm `mcym
XssYh N. bkv a n- t ∂h Ipte \nXyw
IeymWw Xss{Xh {[phav.
2. bZn ln kv{Xo \ tcmtNX ]pamwkw \
{]tam- Z - t bXv A{]- t am- Z mXv ]p\x ]pwkx
{]P\w \ {]h¿ØtX
3. kv{Xobmw Xp tcmN-am-\mbmw kcvhw
Xt{Zm-NtX Ipew. Xkymw Xztcm-N-am-\mbmw
kcvh-tah \ tcmNtX (Sn. 3. 60-˛62)
1. `¿Ømhv `mcy-tbmSpw `mcy `¿Øm-hnt\mSpw {]oXn-tbm-Sp-IqSn h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xmb
Ipe-Øn¬ Xs∂-bmWv F√m ku`m-Ky-ßfpw
sFiz-cy-ßfpw hkn-°p-∂-Xv. Ie-l-ap-≠m-Ip∂n-SØp Zu¿`m-Kyhpw Zmcn-{Zyhpw ÿnc-am-Ip∂p.
2. `mcy `¿Øm-hns\ kt¥m-jn-∏n-°p-Ibpw
{]km-Zn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXns√-¶n¬ A{]-k∂-\mb `¿Øm-hn\v Imaw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√.
3. kv{Xo {]k-∂-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ipew {]k∂w. Ah-fpsS A{]-k-∂-X-bn¬ \n∂t{X ZpxJsa√mw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv.
1. ]nXr-`ncv{`m-Xr-`n-ss›Xmx ]Xn-`ncvtZ-hssc-kvXYm. ]qPym `qj-bn-X-hym› _lp
IeymWao]vkp`nx.
2. b{X \mcykvXp ]qPyt¥ cat¥ X{X
tZhXmx. bss{X-XmkvXp \ ]qPyt¥ kcvhmkvX-{Xm-êmx {Inbmx.
3. timN¥n Pmatbm b{X hn\-iy-Xym-ipX-XvIpew. \ timN¥n Xp bss{XXm hcv[tX
X≤n kcvhZm.
4. Xkvam-tZXmx kZm ]qPym `qj-Wm-—m-Z-
c-ßƒ hn[n-{]-Imcw \S-Ø-Ww.
{]khw Ign-™m¬ AΩ-bp-sSbpw Ipń-bpsSbpw ico-c-kw-c-£-W-Øn¬ hfsc {i≤n-°Ww. ipWvTo-]mIw AYhm ku`m-Ky-ip-WvTo]mIw F∂o acp-∂p-I-fn-sem∂v t\ctØ Xømdm°n hbv°W
- w. {]k-ht- ijw kv{Xosb kpK‘-ap≈ sNdp-Nq-Sp-sh-≈-Øn¬ Ipfn-∏n-°-W-w.
B sh≈w sIm≠p-Xs∂ Ipń-tbbpw Ipfn-∏n°Ww ]n∂oSv Ipń-bpsS ]p°nƒs°mSn-bpsS
Nph-ń¬ t\cnb Nc-Sp-sIm≠p sIń \mew-Kpew
\n¿Øn, apI-fn¬ h®v apdn-°-Ww. ico-c-Ønse
c‡w Xp≈n-t]mepw ]pd-Øp-t]m-Im-Ø-hn-[Øn¬ thWw sIt´-≠-Xv. ]n∂oSv Cu‰n√w
ip≤n-h-cpØn AXns‚ hmXn-en-\-IØp h®v
s\øpw kpK-‘-{Z-hy-ßfpw sIm≠v tlmaw
sNø-Ww. AXn-\p-tijw ]nXmhv Ipń-bpsS
sNhn-bn¬ thtZmkn (\ns‚ t]¿ thZ-sa-∂mWv) F∂p sNm√n-t°ƒ∏n-°-Ww. A\-¥cw
s\øpw tX\pw tN¿Øv Hcp kz¿W-i-emI
AXn¬ ap°n Ipń-bpsS \mhn-t∑¬ Hmw F∂
A£cw FgpXn B iemI sIm≠p Xs∂
s\øpw tX\pw FSpØv Ipń-bpsS \m°n¬
tX°-Ww. ]ns∂ Ipńsb AΩ-bpsS ssIbn¬
sImSp-°-Ww. Ipń°p s]‰-Ω-X-s∂-bmWv ape∏m¬ sImSp-t°-≠-Xv. AΩbv°v ape-∏m-en-s√¶n¬ thsd h√ kv{Xotbbpw ]co-£n®v AhcpsS ape-∏m¬ sImSp-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. ]n∂oSv
th≠p-thmfw ip≤-hm-bp-hp-≈ -th-sdmcp apdn°- I Øv Ipń- t bbpw X≈- t bbpw InSØn,
AhnsS cmhn-sebpw sshIp-t∂-chpw kpK-‘{Z-hy-ßsf sIm≠v tlmaw sNø-Ww. Bdp
Znhkw Ign- b p- ∂ - X p- h sc Ipńsb amXmhp
Xs∂ ape-bq-´-Ww. amXmhv ico-c-]p-jvSn-°mbn
hnhn[ \√ ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ `£n-°-Ww. tbm\ok-t¶mNw apX-em-bXpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. Bdmw
Znhkw amXm-hn\v kqXn-Im-Krlw shSn-bm-hp∂-Xpw Ipńsb apebq-´p-hm≥ Hcp [m{Xnsb
(t]m-‰Ω
- s
- b) \nb-an-°m-hp-∂X
- p-am-Wv. [m{Xn°v
DØ-a-`-£Ww \¬Ip-hm≥ G¿∏mSp sNø-Ww.
[m{Xn Ipńsb ape- b qń ]cn- ] m- e n- ° - W w.
F∂m¬ AΩ-bpsS ta¬t\m´w kZm Ah-cpsS
taep-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. Ipńsb hf¿Øp-∂-Xn¬
t\m´-°p-d-hp-≠m-I-cp-Xv. AΩ-bpsS ape-∏m¬
{khn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ kvX\m-{K-Øn¬ acp∂p
]pc-´-Ww. Blm-c-Im-cy-Ønepw hfsc {i≤n71
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
bYm-tbmKyw ]Wn-sb-Sp-∏n-°p-I, hoń¬ Xct°-sSm∂pw hcmsX tae-t\z-jWw \S-ØpI
F∂n-h-sb√mw kv{XoIfpsS I¿Ø-hy-ß-fm-Ip∂p.
kv{Xotbm cXv\m-\ytYm hnZym kXywsiuNw kp`m-jnXw. hnhn-[m\n N inev]m\n
kam-tZ-bm\n kcvhXx (Sn. 2.240)
DØ-a-kv{Xo-Iƒ ]e-Xcw cXv\-ßƒ, hnZy,
kXyw, ]hn-{X-X, \√-hm-°v, ]e-hn[ inev]hn- Z y- I ƒ- ˛ - s sI- s Øm- g n- e p- I ƒ˛ Ch- s b√mw
F√m \mSp-I-fn¬ \n∂pw F√m a\p-jy-cn¬
\n∂pw t\Sp-Ibpw {Kln-°p-Ibpw sNøm-hp-∂Xm-Wv. 15
1. kXyw {_qbm-Xv{]nbw {_qbm-∂-{_q-bm’-Xy- a
- {- ]nbw. {]nbw N \m\rXw {_qbm-tZj
[cvax -k-\m-X\x.
2. `{Zw `{ZanXn {_qbm-Zv`-{Z-an-tXyh hm
htZXv. ipjvI-sshcw hnhmZw N \ IpcymXvtI-\-Nn-’l. (Sn. 4.138.139)
1. kZm kXyw ]d-b-Ww. CjvS-s∏-Sp∂
kXyw ]d-b-Ww. A{]n-b-amb kXyw ]d-b-cpXv. H‰-°-Æs\ H‰-°-Æ-s\∂p ]d-bp-Itbm
hnfn-°p-Itbm AcpXv F∂¿∞w. A\ys\
kt¥m-jn-∏n-°p-hm≥ AkXyw ]d-b-cp-Xv.
2. F√m-h¿°pw lnX-amb hm°p-Itf ]dbm-hq. ipjvI-ssh-cw˛ sX‰p sNøm-Ø-h-t\mSv
shdpsX shdp-∏v˛ hmKzmZw F∂nh BtcmSpw
Acp-Xv. a‰p-≈-h¿°p lnX-I-c-sa-¶n¬ ]c-Zq-jWsØ `b∂v AXp ]d-bm-Xn-cn-°-cp-Xv.
]pcpjm _lthm cmP≥ kXXw {]nbhmZn\x. A{]n-bky Xp ]Yyky h‡m t{imXm
N Zp¿√-`x. 16
[rX-cm-jv{Ssc! a‰p-≈-hsc kt¥m-jn-∏n-°phm≥ kZm {]nb-hm°p ]d-bp∂ apJ-kvXp-Xn°m¿ Cu temI-Øn¬ hf-sc-bp-≠v. F∂m¬
tIƒ°p-tºmƒ ckn-°m-ØXpw hmkvXh
- Ø
- n¬
t{ib-kvI-c-hp-amb hm°p-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂-h¿ Ipdhm-Wv.
A\y-cpsS tZmj-ßƒ t\cn´p ]d-bp-Ibpw
\m-iss\x. `qXn-Im-ssacv\s
- sccv\nXyw kXvImtc-jq-’-thjp N
(Sn. 3˛55, 56, 57, 59)
1. hfsc t{ib-kp-≠m-I-W-sa∂v B{K-ln°p∂ ]£w ]nXm-hv, ktlm-Z-c≥, `¿Øm-hv,
Cf-b-`¿Ør-k-tlm-Z-c≥ F∂n-h¿ kv{Xo°v
B`-c-W-hpw kev°m-chpw \¬In kt¥m-jn∏n-°-Ww.
2. kv{XoIsf _lp-am-\n-°p∂ Ipe-Ønse
hnZzm-∑m-cmb ]pcp-j-∑m¿ tZh-kw⁄ t\Sn
km\µw can-®p-h-kn-°p-∂p. kv{Xosb kw]qPy-bmbn Icp-XmØ hoń¬ F¥p sNbvXmepw
F√mw \njv^-e-am-Wv.
3. kv{XoP-\-ßƒ ZpxJ-]o-Un-X-cmbn Zpcn-X-a\p-`-hn-°p∂ X-d-hmSv apSn™v A\yw \n¬°phm≥ Imew hfsc th≠. kv{XoIƒ kkt¥mjw D’m-l-]q¿∆w {]k-∂-Nn-Ø-cmbn
Ccn-°p∂ Ipew F∂pw A`n-hr≤nsb {]m]n®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
4. AXn-\m¬ t{ib-kp-≠m-Im-\m-{K-ln-°p-∂h¿ F√mw D’-hm-h-k-c-ß-fnepw BtLm-jmh- k - c - ß - f nepw kv { XoIsf B`- c - W - ß ƒ,
hkv { X- ß ƒ, `£y- ] - Z m¿∞- ß ƒ F∂nh
\¬In kt¥m-jn-∏n-°-Ww.
""]qPm'' i_vZ-Øn\v kev°m-c-sa-∂m-W¿∞sa∂v kZm kvacn-°-Ww. AXn-\m¬ cm{Xn-t\cØpw ]I¬ ka-b-Øpw BZyambn XΩn¬
ImWp- t ºmgpw ]ncn- ™ p- t ]m- I p- t ºmgpw
""\akvtX'' F∂p {]k-∂-cmbn At\ym\yw ]dtb≠XmIp∂p.
kZm {]lr-jvSbm `mhyw Krl-Im-tcyjp
Z£bm. kpkw-kvIr-tXm-]-kvI-cbm hytb
Nmap-‡-l-kvXbm (Sn. 5.150)
kv{XoIƒ Krl-Ir-Xy-ß-fn¬ ka¿∞-I-fmbn-cn-°-Ww. kk-t¥mjw hoń-ep≈ hkvXp°-sf√mw kw-kvIc
- n®p shbv°p-I. hoSp hrØnbm°n kq£n-°p-I. th≠-Xn-e-[nIw sNehp
sNømXn-cn-°p-I, kI-e-km-[-\-ßfpw ip≤am°n shbv°p-I, ]mIw sNø-s∏´ ]Zm¿∞ßƒ Huj- [ - X p- e y- a mbn ico- c - Ø n\pw a\kn\pw D≠m-Im-hp∂ tcmK-ßsf AI-‰p-hm≥
tbmKy-ambn ]mIw sNøp-I, sNehpIƒ IWs°-gpXn h®v `¿Øm-hns\ t_m[n-∏n-°p-I,
ho´p-th-e-°m¿, ]cn-Nm-c-I¿, F∂n-h-sc-s°m≠v
15 al¿jn, P¿a-\n-bnepw a‰pw C¥ym-°msc Ab®v
inev]m-Zn-Iƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-hm≥ {]b-Xv\n-®n-cp-∂p.
At±-l-sa-gp-Xnb Fgp-Øp-Iƒ CXn\p sXfn-hm-Wv.
16 alm-`m-cXw DtZymK -]¿hw˛37-˛15 (hn-Zp-c-\o-Xn)
72
\memw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
kzm[ym-tb-\mcvNtbZcvjo\vtlmssacvtZhm-\y-Ym-hn[n. ]nXro≥ {imss≤› \r\ss∂cv`q-Xm\n _en-Icva-Wm. (Sn. 3.81)
c≠v b⁄-ß-sf-∏‰n {_lva-N-cy-hn-[n-bn¬
Fgp-Xn. H∂m-atØXv thZm-Zn-im-kv{X-ß-fpsS
]T-\-]m-T-\ßƒ, kt‘ym-]m-k\w, tbmKm`ymkw F∂n-h-b-S-ßnb {_lva-b⁄w; c≠ma-tØXv hnZzm-∑m-cpsS tkh-\hpw kwk¿Khpw
]hn-{X-X, Znhy-Kp-W-ßƒ, Zm\-`m-hw, hntZym∂Xn F∂nh kºm-Zn-°p-I, F∂n-h-b-S-ßnb
tZh- b ⁄w; Cu c≠v bPv R - ß fpw cmhnsebpw kmbm-”-Ønepw A\p-jvTn-°-Ww.
1. kmbw kmbw Krl-]-Xncvt\m A·nx
{]mXx {]mXx skua\-k-ky- Zm-Xm.
2.- { ]mXx {]mXcv K r- l - ] - X ncv t \m A·nx
kmbwkmbw skua\-k-ky- Zm-Xm. (A.-Imw.
19,7, 3, 4) 17
3. Xkv a m- Z - t lm- c m- { Xky kwtbmtK
{_m“Wx k‘ym-ap-]m-koX. DZy-¥-akvXw
bm¥-am-Zn-Xy-a-`n-[ym-b\v. 18 ({_m-“-tW)
4. \ XnjvTXn Xp bx ]qcvhmw t\m]mkvtX
bkvXpx 19 ]›namw. k km[p-`ncv_lnjv
Imcyx kcvh-kvamZv ZznP-IcvaWx (a-\p. 2. 103)
1. k‘ybv°v tlman-°p∂ tlma-{Zhyw cmhnse-hsc hmbp-hns\ ]cn-ip-≤-am°n kpJw
{]Zm\w sNøp-∂p.
2. cmhnse A·n-bn¬ tlman-°p∂ tlma{Zhyw kmbm”w hsc hmbp- h ns\ ip≤nsNbvXv _ew, _p≤n, BtcmKyw F∂nh D≠m°p-∂p.
3. AXn-\m¬ cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw IqSn-t®-cp∂
k‘y-I-fn¬ DZ-bm-kvX-a-b-ß-fn¬ Cuiz-cs\
[ym\n-°p-Ibpw A·ntlm{Xw sNøp-Ibpw
Ahiyw thWw.
4. Cu c≠p I¿aßfpw cmhn- s ebpw
sshIn´pw A\p-jvTn-°m-Ø-hs\ k÷-\-ßƒ
ZznP-I¿Ω-ß-fn¬ \n∂p _ln-jvI-cn-°-Ww.
Ahs\ iq{Zs\t∏mse hnNm- c n- ° - W - s a-
Ah-\-hs‚ tZmj-ßsf Ah-cpsS hm°n¬
\n∂v Adn-bp-Ibpw A\ys‚ KpW-ßsf ]tcm£- a mbn ]d- b p- I - b p- a m- W v \√- h ¿°p- N n- X w.
t\cn¬ KpW-ßsf ]pI-gvØp-Ibpw A√m-Øt∏mƒ tZmjw ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv ZpjvS∑m-cpsS coXn-bm-Wv. kz¥w tZmj-ßsf A\ycpsS apºn¬ Xpd-∂p-]-d-bm-Xn-cn-°m≥ kz¥w
tZmj-ßsf shSn™v KpW-hm-\m-Ip-hm≥ i‡\m-hp-I-bn-√. Hcn-°epw Btcbpw \nµn-°-cp-Xv.
""KptWjp tZmjm-tcm-]-W-a-kq-bm. AcvYmXv
tZmtjjp KpWm- t cm- ] - W - a - ] y- k qbm
KptWjp KpWm-tcm-]Ww tZmtjjp tZmjmtcm-]Ww N kvXpXnx'' KpW-Øn¬ tZmjsØbpw tZmj-Øn¬ KpW-sØbpw Btcm-]n°p-∂Xp \nµ-bm-Ip-∂p. KpW-ßsf KpW-ßsf∂pw tZmj-ßsf tZmj-ßs
- f∂pw ]d-bp-∂Xv
kvXpXn-bm-Wv, Ak-Xy-`m-jWw \nµbpw kXy`m-jWw kvXpXnbpw BIp∂p F∂¿∞w.
1. _p≤nhr≤nIcm- W ymip [\ym\n N
lnXm-\n N. \nXyw imkv{Xm-Wy-th-t£X
\nK-amw-ss›h sshZn-Im\v.
2. bYm bYm ln ]pcpjx imkv{Xw ka-[nK-—Xn. XYm XYm hnPm-\mXn hn⁄m\w
Nmky tcmN-tX. (a\p. 4. 19, 20)
1 . _p≤n°pw [\- Ø n- \ pw \∑bv ° pw
AXnthKw A`n-hr-≤n-bp-≠m-°p∂ imkv{X-ßsfbpw thZ-ß-sfbpw Znh-khpw tIƒ°p-Ibpw
tIƒ∏n-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww. {_“-N-cym-{i-aØn¬ kv { Xo]p- c p- j - ∑ m¿ CsX√mw ]Tn- ® v ,
a\\w sNøp-Ibpw a‰p-≈-hsc ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw
thWw.
2. Fs¥-∂m¬, imkv{X-ßsf IqSp-X-embn
B`y-kn-°pw- tXmdpw AXmXp hnZy-I-fn-ep≈
⁄m\hpw A`n-cp-Nnbpw h¿≤n-°p-∂p.
]©-a-lm-b⁄ßƒ
Ejn-b⁄w tZh-b⁄w `qX-b⁄w N
kcvhZm. \rb⁄w ]nXr-b⁄w N bYmi‡n \ lm]-tbXv (a-\p. 4.21)
A[ym- ] \w {_“- b ⁄x ]nXr- b ⁄
kv X p Xcv ∏ Ww tlmtam ssZthm _encv
ùtXm \rb-t⁄mf-Xn-Yn-]q-Pav (Sn. 3.70)
18 jUznwi {_m“Ww 4/5 & ssX. B. 2 Bc-Wy-I-ßsfbpw {_m“-Wa
- mbn KWn-°b
- m¬ {KŸ-Imc≥
s]mXpth "{_m“tW' Fs∂-gp-Xn-bX
- m-Wv.
19 a\p-kvar-Xn-bn¬ "bivN ]›nam k iq{Z-h-Zv_-lnjvImcyx F∂p ]mTw. {KŸ-Im-c-s‚ ]©-alm
b⁄-hn-[n-bnepw Cu ]mTw ImWmw.
17 AY¿h-thZw 19/55/3,4
73
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
""hnZzm-Mvtkm- ln tZhmx'' 20 F∂p iX-]Y-{_m-“-W-Øn-ep-≠v. hnZzm-∑m-scbmWv tZh∑m¿ F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. kmwtKm-]mwKw \mep
thZ-ßfpw ]Tn-®-hsc {_“mhv F∂pw A{XtØmfw ]Tn-®n-ń-√m-Ø-hsc tZh≥ F∂pw ]dbp-∂p. tZh\v hnZzm≥ F∂m-W¿∞w. Ah-sct∏mse hnZp-jn-I-fmb {_m“-W-kv{Xo-I-fmWv
tZhn-am¿. Ah-cpsS ]p{X-∑m¿, injy-∑m¿, AhcpsS KW- ß ƒ- ˛ - t k- h - I - ∑ m¿˛ F∂n- h - c p- s Ssb√mw ip{iq-jbv°v {im≤w AYhm X¿∏Ww
F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. AY Ejn-X¿∏-Wav:-˛
Hmw aco-Nym-Zb Ej-b-kvXr-]y-¥mav
aco-Nym-Zyr-jn-]-Xv\y-kvXr-]y-¥mav
aco-Nym-Zyr-jn-kp-Xm-kvXr-]y-¥mav
aco-Nym-Zyr-jn-K-Wm-kvXr-]y-¥m-av.
CXn Ejn-Xcv∏-Wav:-˛
{_“m- h ns‚ {]s]u- { X- \ mb aco- N n- s bt∏mse hnZzm-\mbn A[ym-]\w sNøp-∂-h¿,
Ah¿°p kZriw hn⁄-cmbn s]Ïp-ń-Isf
]Tn-∏n-°p∂ Ah-cpsS ]Xv\n-am¿, Ah¿°p
Xpeycmb Ah-cpsS ]p{X-∑m¿, injy-∑m-¿,
tkh-I∑
- m¿ F∂n-h¿°v tkh-\k
- X
- v°m-cß
- ƒ
sNøp-∂-XmWv Ejn-X¿∏-Ww. AY ]nXr-X¿∏W-av.
Hmw tkmakZx ]nX-c-kvXr-]y-¥m-av. A·njzmØmx ]nXc kvXr]y-¥mav. _cvln-j-Zx- ]nX-ck
- vXr-]y-¥mav. tkma]mx ]nX-ck
- vXr-]y-¥mav. lhn-cv`pPx ]nX-c-kvXr]y¥m-av. BPy]mx
]nX-c-kvXr-]y-¥m-av. kpIm-en\x ]nX-c-kvXr]y-¥mav. bam-Znt`ym \ax bam-Zow-kvXcv∏-bman. ]nt{X- kz[m \ax ]nXcw Xcv∏b
- man. ]nXma-lmb kz[m \ax ]nXm-alw Xcv∏b
- m-an. {]]nXm-a-lmb kz[m \ax {]]n-Xm-alw Xcv∏-bman. amt{X kz[m \tam amXcw Xcv∏-bm-an.
]nXm-a-ssly-kz-[m -\ax ]n-Xm-alow Xcv∏-bman. kz]Xvss\y kz[m \ax kz]-Xv\nw- Xcv∏bm-an. kw_-‘n`yx kz[m \ax kw_-‘n-\kvXcv∏b
- m-an. ktKmt{X`yx kz[m \ax ktKm{Xmw-kvXcv∏-bman 21
CXn ]nXr-X¿∏Wav:-˛
∂¿∞w.
tNm:-˛ aq∂p t\cw kt‘ym-]m-k\ F¥psIm≠p sNbvXp-IqSm?
D:-˛ aq∂p-t\cw k‘y-bn-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂. shfn-®hpw Ccp´pw IqSn-t®-cp∂ k‘y
cmhn-tebpw sshIp-t∂-chpw am{X-ta-bp-≈q.
Cßs\ IW-°m-°msX D®-k-a-bØp aq∂m-asXmcp k‘y IW- ° m- ° p- ∂ - b mƒ ]mXncmbv°pw kt‘ym-]m-k\w sNøm-Ø-sX-¥psIm≠v? A¿≤-cm-{Xn°p k‘ym-h-µ\w sNøW-sa-¶n¬ bmaw-tXmdpw \mgn-I-tXmdpw hn\mgn-I-tXmdpw £Ww-tXmdpw k‘y-bp-s≠-∂p- IcpXn At∏m-sg√mw k‘ym-h-µ\w sNø-Ww.
Aßs\ sNøm-\m{K-ln-®mepw Akm-[y-am-Wv.
a≤ym-”-Øn¬ kt‘ym-]m-k\ sNø-W-sa-∂Xn\v {]am-W-sam-∂p-an-√. c≠p-t\cw k‘ym-hµ- \ hpw tlmahpw sNbv X m¬ aXn. aq∂p
{]mhiyw th≠. `qXw, `mhn, h¿Ø-am\w
F∂o aq∂p Ime-t`-Z-ß-fp-≈Xv kt‘ym-]mk-\sb kw_-‘n-°p-∂-X-√.
aq∂m- a Xv ]nXr- b - ⁄ - a m- W v . tZh- ∑ m¿
AYhm hnZzm-∑m¿ Ejn-Iƒ (A[y-b-\hpw
A[ym- ] - \ hpw sNbv X p- s Im- ≠ n- c n- ° p- ∂ - h ¿)
A—≥,- AΩ apX-emb ]nXr-°ƒ, hr≤-∑m¿,
⁄m\n-Iƒ, ]c-a-tbm-Kn-Iƒ F∂n-h-¿s°√mw
tkh\w sNøp-∂-XmWv ]nXr-b-⁄w. ]nXrb⁄w {im≤-sa∂pw X¿∏-W-sa∂pw c≠p
hn[-ap-≠v. "{iXv' F∂m¬ kXy-sa-∂¿∞w.
""{iXv kXyw Z[m-Xn bbm {Inbbm km
{i≤m, {i≤-bm- bXv {Inb-tX -X{—m≤av''
kXyw {Kln-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ {Inbsb {i≤sb∂pw {i≤-tbm-Sp-IqSn sNøp∂ I¿Ω-Øn\v
{im≤-sa∂pw ]d-bp-∂p. ""Xr]y-¥n -X¿∏b-¥ntb\ ]nXro≥ XXv X¿∏Ww'' Pohn-®n-cn-°p∂
amXm- ] n- X m- ° - ∑ m¿ apX- e mb ]nXr-- P - \ - ß ƒ
{]km-Zn-°p∂ I¿a-am-Wv X¿∏Ww. Pohn-®n-cn°p-∂-h¿°mWv X¿∏Ww; acn-®-h¿°-√. AY
tZh-X¿∏-Wav:-˛
Hmw {_“m-Ztbm tZhm-kvXr-]y-¥mav
{_“m-Zn-tZ-h-]-Xv\y-kvXr-]y-¥mav
{_“m-Zn-tZ-h-kp-Xm-kvXr-]y-¥mav
{_“mZn tZh-K-Wm-kv-Xr-]y-¥m-av.
CXn tZh Xcv∏-Wav:-˛
20 iX-]Tw 3.7.3.10
21 tkma-ktZmf-·n-jzm-Øm› XYm-_cvln-jtZmf]n N
tkma ]m› XYm-hn-Zzw-kvX-ssYh N lhncv`pPx
BPy-]m› XYm hXvk XYm-lyt\y kpIm-en\x
GtX Nmt\yN ]nXcx ]qPymx kcvth ZznPm Xn`nx
(_r-lZv ]cm-ic
- k
- varXn 7/167-˛168)
74
\memw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
am\-bXn km amXm'' `£Ww sImSpØpw
ip{iq-jn®pw a°sf kΩm-\n-°p-∂-hƒ amXmhv. (]n-Xm-a-lo) ""bm ]nXpcvamXm km ]nXmalo'' A—s‚ AΩ-bmWv ]nXm-a-ln. ({]-]nXm-a-lo) ""bm ]nXm-a-lky amXm km {]]nXm-aln'' ]nXm-a-ls‚ amXm-hmWv {]]n-Xm-aln. Ch-tcbpw Ah\hs‚ `mcy, ktlm-Z-c≥,
Nm¿®-°m¿, Iq´-°m¿, CXc Kpcp-P\
- ß
- ƒ hr≤P-\-ßƒ F∂n-h-scbpw {i≤m-]q¿∆w `£-W]- Z m¿∞- ß ƒ, hkv { X- ß ƒ, at\m- l - c - a mb
hml\ßƒ apX-em-bh sImSpØv \∂mbn
Xr]vXn-s∏-SpØp-I-˛-A-h-cpsS a\kv kwXr-]vXntbbpw icocw Btcm-Ky-sØbpw {]m]n-°Ø° {]hr-Øn-IƒsIm-≠p {]oXn-]q¿∆w ip{iqjn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv {im≤hpw X¿∏-W-hpw.
\mem-a-tØXv sshiz-tZ-h-b-⁄-am-Ip-∂p.
Blmcw ]mIw sNbvXp-I-gn-™m¬, D∏v, Fcnhv, F∂nh Ie-cm-ØXpw a[p-c-hpw s\øpw
tN¿∂-Xp-amb hn`hw ASp-∏n¬ \ns∂-SpØv
thsd sh®n-´p≈ A·n-bn¬ Xmsg ]d-bp∂
a{¥w sNm√n tlman®v `mKn- ° p- ∂ - X mWv
sshiz-tZ-h-b-⁄w. (C-Xn\p {]amWw:-˛)
sshiz-tZ-hky kn≤ky Krtly f-·u- hn[n-]qcvhI
- av. B`yx- Ip-cym-t±-hX
- mt`ym {_m“
tWm tlma-a-\z-l-av. (-a-\p. 3. 84)
ASp-°-f-bn¬ ]mIw sNbvX `£-W-Øn\v
Znhy- K p- W - ß ƒ e`n- ° p- h m≥ ]mIm- · n- b n¬
Xmsg ]d-bp∂ a{¥-ßƒ sNm√n hn[n-{]-Imcw
\nXyhpw tlman-°-Ww.
(tkm- a - k - Z x) ""tb tkmta PK- Z o- i ztc
]Zm¿∞-hn-Zymbmw N koZ¥n tX tkma-kZx''
]c-am-fl-⁄m-\-Ønepw ]Zm¿∞-hn-Zy-bnepw
\n]p-W-∑m-cmWv tkma-k-Øp-°ƒ. (A-·n-jzmØmx) ""ssbc-t·-hn-ZyptXm hnZym- Kr-loXm
tX A·n-jzmØmx'' A·n-bpsS AXm-bXv
an∂¬ apX-em-b-h-bpsS ⁄m\-ap-≈-h-cmWv
A·n- j zm- Ø - ∑ m¿ (_cvln- j - Z x) ""tb
_cvlnjn DØta hyh-lmtc koZ¥n tX
_cv l n- j Zx'' hnZym- ` n- h r- ≤ n- b p- ≠ m- ° p∂
kXv I ¿Ω- ß - f n¬ {]h¿Øn- ® n- ´ p- ≈ - h - c mWv
_¿ln-jØ
- p-°ƒ. (tkm-a]
- mx) ""tb tkma-ssaiz-cy-tam-j-[o-ckw hm ]m¥n ]n_¥n hm
tX tkma]mx'' sFiz-cy-ßsf c£n-°p-∂-XpsIm≠v AYhm tkma-sa∂p t]cmb alu-j[nbpsS ckw IpSn-°-bm¬ tcmK-c-ln-X-cm-bncn-°p-Ibpw a‰p-≈-h-cpsS sFiz-cy-ßsf c£n°p-It- bm a‰p-≈h
- ¿°v Huj-[n-ckw IpSn-°m≥
sImSp-°p-Itbm sNbvXv Ah-cpsS tcmK-ßsf
lcn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂h
- c-- mWv tkma-]∑
- m¿. (lhncv`p-Px) ""tb lhncvtlm-Xp-aØp -acvlw
`pRvPtX t`mP-b¥n hm tX lhncv`pPx'' elcn-bp-≠m-°p-∂-hbpw lnwkm-I-c-hp-amb hkvXp°sf h¿÷n®v thsd- b p≈ ]Zm¿∞- ß ƒ
`£n-°p-Ibpw `£n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-hcmWv lhn¿`p-°p-Iƒ. (BPy-]mx) ""b BPyw
⁄mXpw {]m]vXpw hm tbmKyw c£-¥n hm
]n_-¥n X BPy]mx'' Adn-bp-hm≥ tbmKyamb hkvXp-°sf c£n-°p-Ibpw AYhm s\øv,
]m¬ apX-embh `£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-hcmWv BPy-]-∑m¿. (kp-Im-en-\x) ""tim`\x
Imtem hnZytX tbjmw tX kpIm-en\x''
kpIrXw sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v kpJw \nd™
ka-b-ap-≈-h-cmWv kpIm-en-\¿. (b-ax) tb
Zpjv S m≥ b—¥n \nKr- l v W - ¥ n tX bam
\ymbm-[oim'' ZpjvS-∑msc in£n-°p-Ibpw
injvS-∑msc c£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ \ymbm[n-]-∑m-cmWv ba-∑m¿. (]n-Xm) ""bx ]mXn k
]nXm'' `£Ww sImSpØpw ip{iq-jn-®pw k¥m-\-ßsf c£n-°p-∂-h≥ As√-¶n¬ k¥m\-ßsf DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂-h-\mWv ]nXm-hv. (]nXm-a-lx, {]]n-Xm-alx) ""]nXpx ]nXm ]nXmalx ]nXm-a-lky ]nXm {]]n-Xm-alx'' ]nXmhns‚ ]nXmhv ]nXm- a - l \pw ]nXm- a - l s‚
]nXmhv {]]n-Xm-a-l\pw BIp-∂p. (am-Xm) ""bm
a{¥w
Hmw A·-tb kzmlm. tkmamb kzmlm.
A·otjmam`ymw kzmlm. hntizt`ym
tZth`yx kzmlm. [\z¥ctb- k zmlm.
Ipsslz-kzm-lm. A\p-a-ssXy-kzmlm. {]Pm]-Xtb kzmlm. kl Zymhm-]r-Yn-ho`ymw
kzmlm. kznjvS-Ir-tX- kzm-lm.
Cu a{¥ßtfm-tcm∂pw sNm√n \√-hÆw
IØn-Pz-en-°p∂ A·n-bn¬ Hmtcm BlpXn
hoXw sNø-Ww. ]n∂oSv Xfn-I-bn-tem \ne-Øph-®n-´p≈ Ce-bn-tem Ing°p XpS-ßnb Zn°pI- f n- s e√mw Xmsg ]d- b p∂ a{¥w sNm√n
ÿm]n-°-Ww.
Hmw km\pKm-tb-{µm-b-\ax. km\p-Kmb
bamb \ax. km\pKmb hcp-Wm-b-\ax. km\p75
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
Zn-I-sf-∏-‰n-bp≈ D]-tZ-i-ßƒ tI´v AX-\p-kcn®v Ah-\-hs‚ kz`m-hsØ kwkvI-cn-°-Ww.
Krl-ÿ-∑m¿ cmPm-°-∑m¿ F∂n-hcpw AXnYn-sb-t∏mse Nne Ah--k-c-ß-fn¬ kev°m-ctbm-Ky-∑m-cmWv F∂m¬:-˛
]mj-WU
v n-t\m h
- n-Icvaÿ
- m\vss_Um-eh
- rØn-Im©-Tm\v. ssl-Xp-Im\v_I-hrØow›hm-Mvam-t{X-Wm-]n- \mcvNtbXv (a-\p. 4.30)
(]m-jW
- vUn) thZ-\n-µI
- ¿, thZ-hn-cp-≤¿ (hnIcvaÿ
- x) thZ-ßf
- n¬ \ntj-[n-®n-´p-≈h sNøp∂-hcpw AkXyw ]d-bp-∂-hcpw (ss_-Um-ehr-Øn-Ix) Hfn-®n-cp∂v, X°w-t\m°n Fen apXemb {]mWn-IfpsS ta¬ NmSn-hoWv hb-dp-\n-dbv°p∂ ]q®-sb-t∏mse Znhkw Ign-°p-∂-h¿
(i-Tx) Zpcm-{K-lw, Zpc-`n-am-\w, hmin apX-emb
tZmj-ß-fp-≈-h¿-˛-A-h-\-h\v Adn-hn-s√-¶nepw
Adn-hp-≈-h¿ D]-tZ-in-®m¬ tIƒ°m-Ø-h¿
(ssl-Xp-Ix) ""Rm\mWv {_“w, PKØv anYybm-Wv, thZ-im-kv{X-ßfpw Cuiz-c\pw `mh-\I-fmWv'' F∂n-ßs\ C°m-eØp thZm-¥n-Iƒ
Pev]n-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse hrYm hmN-I-a-Sn-°p-∂h¿ (_-I-hr-Ønx) H‰-°m-en¬ [ym\w sNøp∂-h-s\-t∏mse \Sn®v a’y-ßsf ]nSn-®p-Xn∂v
kzm¿∞w t\Sp∂ sIm‰ntb t]mse {]h¿Øn°p∂ C°m-esØ sshcm-Kn-Iƒ, a‰p Imjmb
hkv{X-[m-cn-Iƒ XpS-ßnb Zpcm-{K-ln-I-sf-bpw
thZ-hn-tcm-[n-Is
- fbpw hm°m¬ t]mepw kev°cn- ° - cp- X v . kev ° - c n- ® m¬ Ah¿ A`n- h r≤n
{]m]n®v temI-Øn¬ A[¿aw ]c-Øpw. kzbw
A[x- ] - X n- ° p- ∂ - X n\p ]‰nb Zpjv I ¿aßƒ
sNøp-∂-Xn\p ]pd-ta, Ah¿°m-XnYyw \¬Ip∂-h-scbpw A⁄m-\-km-K-c-Øn¬ ap°n-s°m√p-∂p.
]©-a-lm-b-⁄m-\p-jvTm\w sIm≠p e`n°p∂ ê-ß-fn-h-bmWv:-˛ {_“-b⁄w A\pjvTn-°p-∂X
- p-sIm-≠v hnZy, in£-Ww, [¿aw a\xkw-kvImcw apX-emb kZvKp-W-ßƒ A`n-hr≤n-s∏-Spw. A·n-tlm-{X-Øm¬ hmbp, agsh
≈w, F∂nh ]cn-ip-≤-am-bn. ip≤-amb ag In´pI-bm¬ temI-sc√mw kpJ-a-\p-`-hn-°pw. ip≤hm-bp-hns‚ izmk-kv]¿i-Øm¬ Btcm-Kyw,
_p≤n, _ew, ]cm-{Iaw F∂nh h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw
X∂n- a nØw [¿am¿∞- I m- a - t am- £ - ß - f psS
kºq¿W-kn≤n D≠m-hp-Ibpw sNøpw. AXn\m-et{X CXns\ tZh-b⁄w F∂p ]d-bp-
Kmb tkmam-b-\ax. acpZvt`ym \ax AZvt`ym
\ax. h\-kv]Xnt`ym \ax. {iossb \ax. `{Z
Imssfy \ax. {_“-]-Xtb \ax. hmkvXp-]Xtb \ax. hntizt`ym tZtht`ym \ax. ZnhmN-tct`ym `qtXt`ym \ax. \‡©mcnt`ym
`qtXt`ym \ax. kcvhmfl `qXtb \ax. *
Cßs\ XqIn-bn´v _m°n A∂sØ AXnYn-I-fp-s≠-¶n¬ Ah¿°p hnf-ºp-Itbm A·nbn¬ CSp-Itbm sNøWw. ]n∂oSv eh-Wm∂w
AXm-bXv ]cn-∏v, tNmdv, Idn-Iƒ, N∏mØn Chsb√mw Iptdsi FSpØv \neØv Bdn-SØv
hoXn-®n-S-Ww. CXn\v {]amWw:-˛
iq\mw N ]Xn-Xm-\mw N iz]Nmw ]m]-tcmKn- W ma.v hmb- k m\mw Irao- W mwN i\ssIcv\ncvh-t]-Zv `phn (a-\p. 3.92)
""izt`ym \ax. ]Xn-tXt`ym \ax. iz]Kvt`ym
\ax. ]m]-tcm-Knt`ym \ax. hmb-tkt`ym \ax.
Irant`ym \ax'' F∂p sNm√n hoXn®p h®tijw AsX-SpØv Ah-i¿t°m hni∂p hebp∂ izmhv, Im° apX-emb Pohn-Iƒt°m
sImSp-°-Ww. ChnsS \ax- i-_vZ-Øn\v A∂w
F∂ A¿∞-am-Wv. izmhv, ]m]n, NWvUm-f≥,
]m]-tcm-Kn, Im°, Ddpºv XpS-ßnb IoS-ßƒ
F∂n-h-bvs°√mw `£Ww \¬I-W-sa∂p a\pkvarXn apX-emb [¿a-im-kv{X-ß-fn¬ hn[n®n´p≠v. Cu tlmaw sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v ASp°-f-bn-ep≈ hmbp ]cn-ip-≤-am-Ipw. Adn-bm-sX,
ImWmsX h∂p `hn- ° m- h p∂ {]mWn- l nwkbv°v {]Xn-hn-[n-bpambn.
A©m-a-tØXv AXn-Yn-b-⁄-am-Ip-∂p.
AXnYn F∂ ]Z-Øn\v XnYn \n›-b-an-√mØXv F∂¿∞-am-Wv. [m¿an-I\pw ktXym-]tZ- i - I \pw F√m- h ¿°pw D]- I m- c m¿∞w
k¿h{X k©-cn-°p-∂-h-\pw XnI™ hnZzm-\pw
]c-a-tbm-Kn-bp-amb Hcp kw\ymkn Krl-ÿs‚
hk-Xn-bn¬ sN∂m¬ H∂m-a-Xmbn At±-lØn\v ]mZyw, A¿Lyw, BN-a-\obw F∂nßs\ aq∂p-hn[w Pew sImSp-°-Ww, ]n∂oSv
At±-lØ
- n\v BZ-ct- hmsS DØ-am-k\w \¬In
lrZyamb `£-Whpw ]m\o-bhpw \¬In ip{iqjn®v {]km-Zn-∏n-°-Ww. ]n∂oSv At±-l-tØmSv
kw`m-jWw sNbvXv, [m¿am¿∞-Im-a-tam-£ßƒ t\Sp-hm≥ DX-Ip∂ ⁄m\-hnPv-Rm-\m* a\p 3/87, 91, 92 F∂n-h-bn¬ B[m-cnXw
76
\memw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
]d- ® n¬, If- h v , c£m- a m¿§- a m- b thZsØ
JWv U n- ° p- I , hnizm- k - h - © \ apX- e mb
ZpjvI¿a-ßƒ sNbvXv ]c-[\w A]-l-cn®v
BZyw A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]n∂oSv [\w, sFizcyw, F∂n-h-bm¬ hnin-jvSm-lm-cw, hkv{Xw,
`qj-Ww, hml-\ßƒ, ÿm\-am-\ß
- ƒ, am\yX
apX-em-bh t\Sp-∂p. A\ym-bØ
- m¬ i{Xp-hns\
Pbn-°p-∂p. ]t£ s]s´∂v IS-]p-g-Inb acw
t]mse A[x-]Xn®p \in-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
kXy-[cvam-cy-hr-tØjp siutN ssNhmc- t a- X v - k Zm. injymw› injym- ≤ cv t aW
hmKv_m-lq-Z-c-kw-bXx (Sn. 4. 175)
hnZzm≥ thtZm-‡-k-Xy-[-cv-asØ ˛ ]£-]mX-an-√msX kXy-{K-lWw Ak-Xy-]-cn-Xym-Kw˛
\ymb-amb sshZn-I-[¿ΩsØ A\p-jvTn-®psIm≠v injy-∑msc ]Tn-∏n-°-Ww.
1. EXzn-I]
v p-tcm-ln-Xm-Nm-sscycvam-Xp-em-XnYn
kw{inssXx. _me- h r- ≤ m- X p- s sccv s shssZycv⁄m-Xn-kw_‘n_m-‘sshx.
2. amXm-]n-Xr-`ymw- Pm-ao-`ncv{`m{Xm ]pt{XW
`mcybm. Zpln{Xm Zmk-hcvtKW hnhmZw \
kam-N-tc-Xv. (Sn. 4. 179, 180)
1. (E-Xzn-Iv) b⁄w \S-Øp-∂-bmƒ (]p-tcmln-Xx) kZm-Nm-chpw k’z-`m-hhpw kZm D]tZ-in-°p-∂-bmƒ (B-Nm-cyx) Kpcp (am-Xp-ex)
AΩm-h≥ (A-Xn-Yn) t]m°p-h-c-hn\p XobXn
\n›-b-an-√m-Ø-bmƒ (kw-{in-Xmx) B{in-X¿
(_m-ex) _me≥ (hr-≤x) hr≤≥ (B-Xp-cx)
BXp-c≥ (ssh-Zyx) Bbp¿th-Z-a-dn-bp-∂-bmƒ
(⁄m-Xnx) kz¥-tKm-{X-Øntem PmXn-bntem
P\n- ® - h ≥ (kw- _ - ‘ o) izip- c ≥˛ `mcy- b psStbm `¿Øm-hn-s‚-tbm A—≥˛apX-em-b-h¿
(_m-‘-hmx) _‘p-°ƒ˛
2. (am-Xm) AΩ (]n-Xm) A—≥ (Pmao)
ktlm-Zcn ({`m-Xm) ktlm-Z-c≥ (`mcym) `mcy
(Zp-ln-X) aIƒ (Zm-k-h¿Kx) the-°m¿ F∂nh-tcmSv Hcn-°epw hnhm-Ztam Ie-l˛- e
- l
- f
- I
- tfm
]mSn-√.
AX-]m-kvXz-\-[o--bm\x {]Xn{Kl-cp-Nncv
ZznPx. Aw`-ky-iva-π-th-t\h kl tXss\-ha-÷Xn ( Sn. 4.190)
(B-X-]mx) {_“-N-cy-˛-k-Xy-`m-j-WmZn X]kp-I-fn-√m-Ø-h≥ (A-\-[o-bm-\x) hnZy A`y-
∂Xv. ]nXr-b⁄w sIm≠v amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿,
hnZzm-∑m-cmb alm-flm-°ƒ F∂n-hsc ip{iqjn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v ⁄m\w h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw
XZzmcm kXym-kXy \n¿W-bhpw kXysØ
{Kln-°p-Ibpw Ak-XysØ XyPn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXv kpJ-a-\p-`-hn-°m\pw Ign-bpw. A—-\Ω- a m¿, Kpcp F∂n- h ¿ k¥m- \ - ß ƒ°pw
injy¿°pw sNbvX tkh-\-Øn\v {]Xyp-]Imcw sNbvXv IrX-⁄X ImWn-°p-∂Xv ]nXrb-⁄-Øns‚ DNn-X-amb as‰mcp {]tbm-P-\am-Ip-∂p. sshiz-tZh _en-bpsS êw apºp
]d-™n-´p-≠v. t{ijvTcmb AXn-Yn-I-fn-s√-¶n¬
temI- Ø n\v D∂Xn D≠m- I p- ∂ - X - √ . Ah¿
\msSm-´p°v k©-cn®v kXyw D]-tZ-in-°-bm¬
\mkvXn-I¿ hf-cp-∂n-√. k¿h-{X-bp≈ Krlÿ¿°v kl-P-ambn kXy-hn-⁄m\w e`n-°p∂p. am\-h-k-aq-l-Øn¬ Htc [¿aw ÿnc-ambn
\ne-\n¬°p-∂p. AXn-Yn-I-fn-s√-¶n¬ kwi-b\n-hm-cWw km[y-a-√. kwib \nhm-cWw D≠mbn-s√-¶n¬ ZrV\n›-b-ap-≠m-hn-√. ZrV-\n-›b-an-s√-¶n¬ kpJ-sa-hnsS?
{_mt“ aplqcvtØ _pt[yX [cvamcvYu
Nm\p-Nn-¥-tbXv Imb-t¢-imw› X∑q-em\v
thZ-X-ØzmcvY-tah N (a-\p. 4. 92)
cm{Xn-bpsS \mem-asØ bma-Øntem \mep\m-gnI shfp-∏nt\m DW¿∂v Bh-iy-Ir-Xy-ßƒ
Ign®v [¿aw, A¿Yw, imco-cnI tcmK-\n-Zm\w
F∂n- h - s b- ∏ ‰n Nn¥n- ° p- I bpw Cuiz- c s\
[ym\n-°pIbpw sNø-Ww. Hcn-°epw A[¿Ωw
{]h¿Øn-°-cp-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬:-˛
\m[cva-›-cn-tXm- temtI kZyx êXn
sKucnh. iss\-cm-hcvX-am-\kvXp IcvXpcv
aqem\n Ir¥Xn (a-\p. 4. 172)
sNbvX A[¿Ωw Hcn-°epw \njv-^-e-am-hpI-bn-√. A[¿Ωw sNbvX DSs\ êw In´p-Ibn-√. AXn-\m¬ A⁄m\nIƒ A[¿ΩsØ
`b-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. ]t£, A[¿Ωm-N-cWw \nßfpsS kpJsØ kaqew \in-∏n-°p-sa-∂-dn-bWw. Fß-s\-sb-∂m¬:-˛
A[cvta-ssW-[tX Xmh-ØtXm `{ZmWn
]iyXn. XXx k]-Xv\mRvPbXn kaq-ekvXp
hn\-iyXn. (a-\p. 4. 174)
A[¿an-I-fmb a\p-jy¿ [¿a-a-cym-Z-Isf
ewLn®v aS-ap-dn™p Pew ]c°pw hÆw I≈w
77
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
kn-°m-Ø-h≥ ({]-Xn-{K-l-cp-Nnx) \√-Im-cy-Øns\∂p \Sn®v ]ncnhp \S-Øp-∂-h≥ F∂o
aqhcpw I√p-sIm≠p ]WnX I∏-en¬ kap{Zw
IS-°p-∂-h-sc-t∏mse XßfpsS ZpjvI¿a-ßfn¬ IqSn ZpxJ-km-K-c-Øn¬ apßn-t∏m-Ip-∂p.
Ah¿ apßp-∂tXm t]mI-s´, Ah¿°p Zm\w
\¬Ip-∂-h-scbpw IqsS ap°n-°-fbp∂p.
{Xnjz-t]y-tXjp ZØw ln hn[n-\m-]ymcvPnXw- [-\av. ZmXpcv`-h-Xy-\cvYmb ]c-{Xm-[m-Xptc-h N ( Sn. 4. 193)
[¿am-\p-krXw kºm-Zn-®-Xm-bmepw ap≥]d™ aq∂p t]¿°pw Zm\w sNøp∂ [\w, Zm\w
sImSp-°p-∂-hs\ Cu P∑-Ønepw hmßp-∂hs\ ASpØ P∑-Ønepw \in-∏n-°p-∂p.
bYm- π-th-s\u-]-te\ \na-÷-Xyp-ZtI
Xc\v. XYm \na÷tXmf[kvXmZs⁄u ZmXr
{]Xo-—Iu (Sn. 4. 194)
Icn-¶-√p-sIm≠p ]WnX tXmWn-bn¬ Ibdn
IS¬ IS-°p-hm≥ ]pd-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ apßn-®mIpw
t]mse A⁄m-\n-bmb ZmXmhpw hmßp-∂h\pw At[m-K-Xn-sb-˛-Zpx-JsØ {]m]n-°p-∂p.
Ahs\ sIm∂p ]I-ho-´p-hm≥ hmin-bp-≈h
- \pw
(kzmcvY km[-\-X-Xv]-cx) I≈-tam A[¿atam
hnizm-k-h-©-\tbm sNbvXv X≥Imcyw t\Sphm≥ NXp-c\pw (i-Tx) Xm≥ ]nSn® apb-en\p
sImºp aqs∂∂p ]d-bp-∂-h\pw (an-Yym-hn-\oX) shdpsX hn\bw A`n-\-bn-°p-∂-h\pw (_I-{hX Ncx) sIm‰n-sb-t∏mse \oN-\m-sW∂v
Adn-bW
- w. Ch-bmWv [¿a-hn-tcm-[n-If
- psS e£W-ßƒ. Ahsc Hcn-°epw hniz-kn-°c
- p-Xv. BZcn®p kev°-cn-°-cp-Xv.
1. [cvaw iss\x k©n-\p-bmZzevao-I-anh
]pØnImx. ]c-tem-Ik
- l
- m-bmcvYw kcvh`
- q-Xm\y-]o-U-b\v.
2. \map{X ln klm-bmcvYw ]nXm amXm
N XnjvTXmx. \ ]p{X-Zmcm \ ⁄mXncv[cvakvXn-jvTXn tIhex.
3. GIx {]Pm-bsX P¥p-tcI Gh {]eobtX. GtIm-\p-`pMvt‡ kpIr-X-taI Gh
N ZpjvIrXav. (Sn. 4. 238-˛240)
4. GIx ]m]m\n IpcptX êw `pMvt‡
alm-P\x. t`m‡mtcm hn{]-ap-Nyt¥- IcvØm
tZmtj-W- en-]ytX. 22
5. arXw ico-ca
- p-’rPy ImjvTt-emjvTkaw
£nXu. hnapJm _m‘hm bm¥n [cvakvXa-\p-K-—Xn (a-\p. 5. 241)
1. Ddpºv ]p‰p-aÆp tiJ-cn®p hevaoIw \n¿an°p-∂-Xp-t]mse a\p-jy¿ Pohn-Iƒs°m-∂n\pw
D]-{Zhw sNømsX P∑m-¥-c-kuJyw e`n-°m≥
[¿ak©-b\w sNø-Ww.
2. Fs¥-∂m¬, A—-t\m AΩ-bvt°m ]p{Xt\m `mcybvt°m _‘p-°ƒt°m ]c-tem-IØp
h∂p klm-bn-°p-hm≥ km[y-a-√. AhnsS
[¿aw am{Xta klm-b-ap-≈q.
3. t\m°q! Poh≥ H‰bv°p P\n-°p-∂p.
H‰bv°p acn-°p-∂p. [¿a-Øns‚ ê-amb kpJtØbpw A[¿a-Øns‚ ê-amb ZpxJ-tØbpw
Poh≥ GIm-In-bmbn A\p-`-hn-°p-∂p.
4. H∂p-IqSn a\- n-em-°W
- w. IpSpw-_\
- m-Y≥
]m]w sNbvXp sIm≠p hcp∂ hI, ho´p-Imsc√mw A\p- ` - h n- ° p- ∂ p. AX- \ p- ` - h n- ° p- ∂ h¿s°√mw ]m]-Øn¬ ]¶m-fn-Ø-an-√. sNbvX-
[¿a-hn-tcm-[n-bpsS e£-W-ßƒ
1. [¿a-[zPo kZm ep_v[-ivOm-ZvantIm
temI-Zw-Ìx. ss_Um-e-{h-XntIm t⁄tbm
lnw{kx- kcvhm-`n-k-‘Ix.
2. At[m-Zr-jSv ncvss\-jI
v r-XnIx kzmcvYk
- m[-\-XXv]cx. itTm anYym-hn-\o-X› _I-{hX-Ntcm ZznPx (Sn. 4. 195, 196)
1. ([cva[
- z-Po) [¿an-jvT\
- s
- √-¶nepw AXns‚
t]cn¬ temIsc sIm≈-b-Sn-°p-∂-h\pw (kZm-ep-_v[x) ]c-a-ep-_v[\pw (Om-Zvan-Iw) I]-Skz- ` m- h nbpw (tem- I - Z w- ` - I x) kzbw alm≥
Na™v hoº-Sn®p \S-°p-∂-h\pw (lnw-{kx)
Pohn-Isf sIm√p-Ibpw A\y-tcmSv sshcw
]pe¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h\pw (kcvhm-`n-k-‘Ix) \√-h-tcmSpw Zpjv-S-tcmSpw kvt\lw \Sn°p-∂-h\pw Bb-hs\ (ssh-Um-e-{h-Xn-Ix)
]q®-sb-t∏mse \oN\pw ZpjvS-\p-ambn Icp-XWw.
2. (A-t[m-Zr-jvSnx) Io¿Øn-°mbn Iogvt]m´p
t\m°n- b n- c n- ° p- ∂ - h \pw (ss\- j v I r- X n- I x)
Xt∂mSp Ipd-s®mcp sX‰p sNbvXp-t]m-bm¬
22 alm-`m-cXw DtZym. ]. 33/47
78
\memw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
XyPn-®v {_“-Nc
- yw, C{µn-bP
- bw apX-emb kZmNm-c-ß-f-\p-jvTn®m¬ ]q¿Wm-bp-kv, t{ijvT-k¥-Xn, A£-b-[\w F∂nh e`n-°pw. Aßs\
[¿a-a-\p-jvTn®v ZpjvS-Xsb shSn-bp-∂-h-cpsS
{]hr-Øn-Iƒ A\p-I-c-Wo-b-am-Wv. ImcWw:˛
Zpcm-Nmtcm ln ]pcptjm temtI `hXn
\nµnXx. ZpxJ-`mKo N kXXw hym[n-tXmf-ev]mbp-tc-h N (Sn. 4. 157)
Zpcm-Nm-c-ßƒ sNøp-∂-h≥ \√-h¿°n-S-bn¬
\nµn-X-\pw Zpx-Jn-X-\pw tcmKnbpw Aev]m-bpkp-ambn `hn-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ sNtø-≠Xv:˛
1. bZy-Xv]c
- h
- iw Icva XØ-Zy-Xvt\\ hcvPtbXv. bZy-Zm-fl-hiw Xp kymØØXvtkth
X bXv\Xx.
2. kcvhw ]c-hiw ZpxJw kcvham-fl-hiw
kpJav . FX- Z zn- Z ymXv k am- t k\ e£Ww
kpJ-Zpx-Jtbmx. (Sn. 4. 159, 160)
1. A\ys‚ A[o-\-Øn-emb I¿a-ßsf {]bXv\n®mbmepw XyPn®v kzm-[o-\I
- ¿a-ßf
- \
- p-jvTn°-Ww.
2. Fs¥- ∂ m¬ ]cm- [ o- \ - a m- b - s X√mw
ZpxJhpw kzm[o-\a
- m-bXv kpJ-hp-amWv. Npcp-°n∏-d-™m¬ kpJ-Zpx-J-ß-fpsS e£Ww CXmWv. ImcWw ]d-bmw.
At\ym-\ym-{inX I¿a-ßƒ sNø-W-sa-¶n¬
Hcp-h≥ as‰m-cp-h\v A[o-\s
- ∏t´ Xocq. kv{Xo]pcp-j-∑m¿ XΩn-ep≈ {]hr-Øn-I-fm-Wn-Xn-\p-Zml- c - W w, kv { Xo ]pcp- j - t \mSpw ]pcp- j ≥
kv { XotbmSpw kkv t \lw s]cp- a m- d p- I bpw
At\ym\yw A\p-Iq-e-ambn h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw
thWw. hy`n-Nm-chpw ]c-kv]c hntcm-[-hr-ØnIfpw ]mSn-√. ]pcp-js‚ B⁄-b-\p-k-cn®v
Krl-Ir-Xy-ß-sf√mw kv{Xo \S-Ø-Ww. ]pd-tabp≈ {]hr-Øn-I-sf√mw ]pcp-j≥ \n¿∆-ln°Ww. Zpcm-Nm-c-ß-fn¬ s]´p t]mIp-∂-Xn¬
\n∂v ]c-kv]cw XS-b-Ww. Ch-sb√mw At\ym\ym-{inX {]hr-Øn-If
- m-Wv. hnhm-lt- Øm-Sp-IqSn
kv{Xo ]pcp-j-∑m¿ ]c-kv]cw hn‰-Xp-t]m-sebmbn `hn-°p-∂p. Ah-cpsS ]ckv]c tNjvSIƒ `mh-ßƒ XpSßn k¿hhpw ]c-kv]-cm-[o\-am-sW-∂¿∞w. Ccp-hcpw At\ym\yw CjvSan-√mØ {]hr-Øn-I-sfm∂pw sNø-cp-Xv. hntijn®pw hy`n-Nm-cw, thiym-{]m-]vXn, Pmc-{]m]vXn
apX-emb ZpjvI¿a-ßsf shSn™v `mcym-`¿Øm-
h\p am{Xta ]m]-ap-≈q.
5. Hcp-h≥ acn-®m¬ Ahs‚ _‘p-°ƒ arXi-co-csØ aÏ-´-sb-∂-hÆw XyPn®p ]n¥ncn-bp-∂p. Bcpw IqsS t]mIp-∂n-√. [¿aw H∂p
am{Xw Ahs\ A\p-K-an-°p-∂p.
1. Xkv a m- ≤ cv a w klm- b mcv Y w \nXyw
k©n\pbm—ss\x. [cvtaW ln klm-tb\
Xa-kvX-cXn ZpkvXcw.
2. [cva-{]-[m\w ]pcpjw X]km lXIn-ev
_njw. ]c-temIw \b-Xymip `mkz¥w Jico-cnWav (Sn. 242-˛243)
1. AXn-\m¬ hcpw P∑-Øn¬ kpJ-k-lm-bßƒ°mbn \ntXy\ [¿a-k©b\w sNø-Ww.
Po-hm-flm-hn\v ZpxJ-km-K-cw IS-°p-hm≥ GIk-lmbn [¿a-am-Wv.
2. [¿asØ {][m-\-ambn Icp-Xp-∂-Xm-tcm
[¿am- \ p- j v T m- \ - Ø m¬ ]m]- a - I - ∂ - h - \ mtcm
Abmsf {]Im-i-kz-cq-]hpw BImiw icocw
t]mse-bp-≈-Xp-amb AXn-ep-]cn ImWm-hp-∂Xmbn as‰m- ∂ p- a n- √ m- Ø - X mb PK- Z o- i z- c n- ¶ tebv°p \bn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬
1. ZrV-Imco arZpcvZm¥x {Iqcm-Nm-ssc-c-kwh- k \v . Alnwt{km Za- Z m- \ m`ymw PtbXv
kzcvKw XYm-{hXx.
2. hmNycv∞m \nbXmx kcvth hmMvaqem
hmKzn\nx krXmx. XmwkvXp bx kvtX-\-tbZzmNw k kcvh-kvtX-b-Ir-∂cx.
3. BNm-cm-√`
- tX lymbp-cm-Nm-cm-Zo-]k
v nXmx
{]Pmx. BNm-cm-≤-\-a-£-ø-am-Nmtcm l¥y-e£Wav. (a-\p. 4/ 246, 256, 156)
1. kZm ÿnc-Nn-Ø-\mbn {]h¿Øn-°p-I-bpw
kc-f-kz-`m-hnbpw C{µn-b-ßsf Pbn-®-h\pw
lnwk, {Iucyw, Zpcm-Nmcw F∂nh kz`m-h-am°nb NoØ-bm-fp-If
- n¬ \n∂p thdn-´h
- \pw Bb
[¿an-jvT≥, at\m-Pbw hnZym-Zm\w F∂n-hb
- m¬
kpJw t\Sp-∂p.
2. F√m A¿∞- ß fpw {]hr- Ø n- I fpw
hm°n¬ {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-Wv. kIe {]hr-ØnIfpw hmWn \S-Øp-I-bm¬ Ah-bp-sS-sb√mw
aqe-Im-cWw hmWn Xs∂. B hmWnsb I°p∂-h≥ tamjWw apX-em-b kIe ]m]-ßfpw
sNøp-∂-h-\-t{X.
3. AXn-\m¬ I≈w XpS-ßnb A[¿a-ßsf
79
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
°-∑m¿ At\y\yw {]oXn-]q¿hw h¿Øn-°-Ww.
{_m“-W-cmb BWp-ßƒ BÏp-ń-I-sfbpw
]Tn-∏p≈ kv{XoIƒ s]Ïp-ń-I-sfbpw ]Tn∏n-°-Ww. hnhn[ D]-tZ-i-ßƒ sImSpØpw
{]kw-Kß
- ƒ sNbvXpw Ahsc hnZzm-∑mcpw hnZpjn-I-fp-am-°-Ww. kv{XoIƒ°p ]qP-\o-b-amb
tZh≥ ]Xnbpw ]pcp- j - ∑ m¿°p kw]qPy
]Xv\n-bp-am-Wv. Kpcp-Ip-eØ
- n¬ hkn-°p∂ Imea-{Xbpw A[ym]-Isc A—-\-Ω-am-sc-t∏mse
Icp-X-Ww. A[ym-]-I¿°v Ah-cpsS injy-∑m¿
kzk- ¥ m- \ - ß - s f- t ∏m- s e- b m- b n- c n- ° p- I bpw
thWw. ]Tn-∏n-°p-hm-\p≈ A[ym-]I
- cpw A[ym]n-Ia
- mcpw F{]-Im-ca
- m-bn-cn-°W
- s
- a∂p ]dbmw:˛
X≥.
2. kZm [¿am-\p-Iq-e-amb I¿a-ß-f-\p-jvTn°p-I, A[¿ΩsØ XyPn-°p-I, Cuiz-ct\bpw
thZ-ß-tfbpw kZm-Nm-c-tØbpw \nµn-°m-bvI,
Cuiz-cm-Zn-If
- n¬ {i≤-bp-≈h
- \
- m-bn-cn-°pI Chsb√mw ]WvUn-Xs‚ I¿Ø-hy-ß-fm-Wv.
3. ITn-\-hn-j-b-ß-sf-t∏mepw thKw a\- nem-°p-hm≥ Ig-bp-∂h
- ≥, hf-sc-°mew imkv{Xßsf A`y-kn-°p-I-bp-w tIƒ°p-Ibpw Nn¥n°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂h
- ≥, kz¥w Adnhp apgp-h\pw
]tcm-]-Im-c-Øn-\mbn hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-h≥.
kzm¿∞w t\Sp-hm≥ am{Xw {]b-Xv\n-°m-Øh≥, kzbw Nn¥n-°m-sXtbm DNn-Xm-h-kcw
Adn-bm-sXtbm as‰m-cp-h\v H∂pw \¬Im-Øh≥, Ah-\t{X {]⁄m-\-sa∂ {]Y-a-e£
Wbp-‡-\mb ]WvUn-X≥.
4. A¿l- a - √ m- Ø - h sb C—n- ° m- Ø - h \pw
\jvS-s∏-´-Xn-s\-∏‰n ZpxJn-°m-Ø-h\pw B]Øn¬ ]cn-{`-an-°m-Ø-h-\p-amWv _p≤n-am-\mb
]WvUn-X≥.
5. hnNn-{X-hm-‹nbpw GXp hnj-b-Ønepw
hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZ NXp-c\pw imkv{X-hym-Jym-\-Ipi-e\pw X¿°-hn-Zym-hn-N-£-W-\pw kvac-Wi‡n-bp-≈-h-\pw A¿∞w ]dbp-hm≥ anSp-°-\pamb Bfns\ ]WvUn-X-s\∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
6. tI´ kXym¿∞-ß-f-\p-k-cn®v _p≤n-bp≈-h\pw _p≤n-bp-]-tbm-Kn®v tIƒ°p-∂-h\pw
[¿anjvTcmb t{ijvTa
- \
- p-jy-cpsS acym-Zsb adnI-S-°m-Ø-h-\p-amWv ]WvUn-X≥ F∂ t]cn\v
A¿l≥.
Cß-s\-bp≈ kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿ A[ym-]-Icm-bn-cn-°p-∂nSØv hnZy, [¿Ωw, kZm-Nmcw
F∂nh A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-Spw. \ntXy\ kpJw s]cpIpw. ]Tn-°m≥ tbmKy-X-bn-√mØ aqV-∑m-cpsS
e£-W-ßƒ:˛
1. A{ip-X› kap-∂t≤m Zcn-{Z› alma\mx. AcvYmw-ivNmfIcvaWm t{]]vkpcvaqV
CXyp-NytX _pss[x.
2. A\m-lqXx {]hn-iXn ly]rjvtSm _lp
`mjtX. Ahn-izkvtX hnizknXn aqV-tNXm
\cm-[amx.
A[ym-]-Icpw A[ym-]n-I-amcpw
1. Bfl-⁄m\w kam-cw-`k
- vXn-Xn£m [cva\n-XyXm. bacvYm \m]-Icvj¥n k ssh
]WvUnX DNytX.
2. \ntj-htX {]i-kvXm\n \nµn-Xm\n \
tkhtX. A\m- k v X nIx {i±- [ m\ FXXv
]WvUn-X-e-£-Ww.
3. £n{]w hnPm-\mXn Nncw irtWmXn
hn⁄mb NmcvYw `PtX \ ImamXv. \mkw]rjvtSm lyp ]-bpMvt‡ ]cmcvtY XXv{]⁄m\w {]Yaw ]WvUn-Xky.
4. \m {]m]y-a-`n-hm-©-¥n \jvSw t\—¥n
timNnXpw. B]Xvkp N \ aply¥n \cmx
]WvUnX_p≤bx.
5. {]hr-Ø-hmIv Nn{X-IY Dul-hm≥ {]Xn`m-\-hm\v. Bip {KŸky h‡m N bx k
]WvUnX DNy-tX.
6. {ipXw {]⁄m-\pKw bky {]⁄m
ssNh {ipXm\pKm. Akw-`n-∂ mcyacymZx
]WvUn-XmJymw et`X kx.
Cu t«mI-ßƒ alm-`m-c-Xw DtZym-K-]¿hw
hnZp-c-{]-Pm-Kcw 32-˛mw A[ym-b-Øn-te-Xm-Wv.
1. Bfl-⁄m\w kn≤n-®n-´p-≈-h≥, Hcn°epw Ae-k\pw \njv{In-b-\p-ambn h¿Øn°m-Ø-h≥, kpJ-Zpx-J-ßƒ, em`-\-jvS-ßƒ,
kv X pXn- \ n- µ - I ƒ, am\m- ] - a m- \ - ß ƒ F∂nh
kt¥m-j-˛-k-¥m-]-ß-fp-≠m-°m-Ø-h≥, F√mbvt]mgpw ZrV-Nn-Ø-X-tbm-Sp-IqSn [¿aw A\pjvTn-°p-∂h
- ≥, hnj-bk
- p-Ja
- p-fh
- m-°p∂ hkvXp°sf Imcyam°m-Ø-h≥, Ah-\t{X ]WvUn-
23 A[ymbw 33. 35-˛41
80
\memw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
hnZym-`ymkw km[y-a-√.
ktXy cXm\mw kXXw Zm¥m-\m-aqcv≤ztcXkmw. {_“-Ncyw Ztl-{Zm-P\v kcvh]m]m\yp-]m-knXav. 25
kZm kXy-Øn¬ Xev]-ccpw PntX-{µn-b-cpw
Hcn-°epw hocyw kvJen-∏n-°m-Ø-h-cp-am-b-hcpsS {_“-N-cy-amWv bYm¿Yw. Aß-s\-bp-≈h-ct{X hnZzm-∑m-cm-Ip-∂-Xv.
A[ym-]-Icpw hnZym¿∞n-Ifpw ip`-e-£-Wbp-‡-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww. hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ a\km
hmNm I¿aWm kXy- a - \ p- j v T n- ° p- ∂ - h - c pw
kwkvImcw PntX-{µn-bXzw kuioeyw apXemb kXvKp-W-ß-fp-≈-hcpw ico-c-_-ehpw
Bfl-_-ehpw kºm-Zn-®v thZm-Zn-im-kv{X-ßsf√mw A`y-kn®v hnZzm-∑m-cmIp-hm-\pw th≠
F√m {]b- X v \ hpw A[ym- ] - I ¿ sNø- W w.
hnZym¿∞n-Isf Zp¿am¿Kw shSn-bm\pw Ahsc
]T-t\m-’p-Ic
- m-°m\pw A[ym-]I
- ¿ kZm {i≤n°-Ww. PntX-{µn-b-cpw im¥-io-ecpw kl-]mTn-I-fn¬ kvt\l-ap-≈-h-cpw Nn¥-I-cpw ]cn-{ia-io-ecpw Bbn ]q¿W-hn-Zy, ]q¿Wmbp-kv,
]q¿W-[¿aw F∂nh t\Sn ]pcp-jm¿∞w kºmZn-°p-hm≥ hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ bXv\n-°W
- w. {_m“W- h ¿W- Ø n- e p- ≈ h- c psS I¿a- ß - f m- W n- h .
£{Xn-b-cpsS I¿a-ßƒ cmP-[¿a-Øn¬ hnhcn°mw 26 sshiy-cpsS I¿a-ßƒ ]dbmw:˛
{_“-N-cy-]q¿∆w thZm-Zn-hn-Zy-Iƒ A`y-kn-°Ww. hnhmlw sNbvX-Xn\p tijw \m\m-tZ-iß-fn-ep≈ `mj-Iƒ ]Tn®v hnhn[ hym]m-c-coXn-Iƒ a\-kn-em°n km[-\-ß-fpsS hnebpw
{Inb-hn-{In-b-k-{º-Zm-bhpw Adn™v A\y-cmPy-ß-fn¬ k©-cn®v em`w In´-Ø-°-h-Æ-ap≈
{]hr-Øn-I-fn¬ G¿s∏-S-Ww. ]ip-]m-e-\hpw
Irjnbpw ka¿∞-ambn \SØn Ahsb A`nhr-≤n-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww. [\w h¿≤n-∏n®v hnZym-[¿aß- f psS A`n- h r≤n°mbn hybw sNø- W w.
kXy-hm-Zn-Ifpw \njvI]
- S- cp-ambn kIe hym]mc-ßfpw kXysØ ap≥\n-dpØn sNø-Ww. km[\-ß-sfm∂pw \jvS-s∏-SmsX F√m km[-\-ßsfbpw kwc-£n-°-Ww. sshiy-hr-Øn-I-fm-Wnh. iq{Z¿ F√m ]cn-N-c-W-ß-fn-epw ]mN-I-hnZy- b nepw \n]p- W - c mbn {_m“- W - £ - { Xnb
Cu t«mI-ßfpw alm-`m-cXw DtZym-K-]¿hØn¬ hnZp-c-{]-Pm-K-c-Øn-te-Xm-Wv. 23
1. imkv{X-ßs
- fm∂pw ]Tn-°p-Itbm tIƒ°pItbm sNøm-Ø-h-\pw henb Zpc-`n-am-\n-bpw
Zcn-{Z-\m-sW-¶nepw AXym-{K-lnbpw {]b-Xv\n°msX F√mw In´-W-sa-∂m-{K-ln-°p-∂-h-\pamWv aqV-s\∂v _p≤n-am-∑m¿ ]d-bp-∂p.
2. hnfn-°msX Fhn-sSbpw Ib-dn-s®∂v D∂X-ÿm-\-Øn-cn-°p-I, tNmZn-°msX Hmtcm∂p
Xń-aq-fn-°p-I, hniz-kn-°m≥ ]mSn-√m-Øh
- s
- cbpw
hkvXp-°-sfbpw hniz-kn-°pI Ch sNøp-∂h≥ aqV\pw a\p-jym-[-anbp-am-Wv.
Cß-s\-bp-≈-h¿ A[ym-]-I-cpw D]-tZ-jvSm°- f pw Kpcp- ° - ∑ m- c pw am\y- c p- a mb Zn°n¬
A⁄m-\w, A[¿aw, Im´m-f-Øw, Ie-lw,
hntZz-jw XΩn¬Ø√v Ch-sb√mw hf-cp-Ibpw
ZpxJw h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
hnZym¿∞n-bpsS e£-W-ßƒ
1. Bekyw aZ-tam-lu N Nm]ew tKmjvTntch N. kvX_v[Xm Nm`n-am-\nXzw XYmfXymKn-Xz-ta-h N. GtX ssh k]vX tZmjmx kypx
kZm hnZymcvYn\mw aXmx.
2. kpJmcvYn\x IptXm hnZym IptXm- hnZym- c v Y n\x kpJav . kpJmcv Y o hm XytP
ZznZymw hnZymcvYo hm XytPXv kpJ-av.
Cu t«mI-ßfpw hnZp-c-{]-Pm-K-c-Øn-te-XmWv 24
1. (B-e-kyw) ico-c-Øn\pw _p≤n-°p-ap≈
Ae-kX (a-Zx) elcn (tam-lx) AXym-k‡n
(Nm-]-ew) ÿnc-X-bn-√mbva (tKm-jvTn) \pW]-d™pw tI´pw Imew Ign-°pI (kvX_
- v[X
- m)
]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-I,
Zpc-`n-am-\w, XymK-io-ea
- n-√mbva F∂n-ßs\ Ggp
tZmj-ßƒ hnZym¿∞n-Isf _m[n-°mw.
2. Cu tZmj-ß-fp-≈-h¿ Hcn-°epw ]Tn-°pI-bn-√. kpJw B{K-ln-°p-∂h
- \v hnZy FhnsS?
hnZym-`ymkw C—n-°p-∂-h\v kpJw FhnsS?
hnj- b - k p- J m¿∞n hnZy- t bbpw hnZym¿∞n
hnj-b-kp-J-tØbpw XyPn-°-Ww. A\yYm
24. A[ymbw 40.5.6
25 "BNm-c-`m\phnepw Cu t«mIw D≤r-X-am-Wv.
òjva-h-N-\-Øn¬ \ns∂∂v AhnsS ]d-bp-∂p-≠v.
26 Bdmw. kap-√m-kw.
81
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
sshiy-∑msc kkvt\lw ]cn-N-cn®v D]-Po-hn°-Ww. Blm-cw, hkv{Xw, ]m¿∏n-Sw, hnhmlmZn {Inb-Iƒ F∂n-h-bv°m-h-iy-am-b-sX√mw
ZznP¿ \¬I-Ww. As√-¶n¬ ]cym-]vX-amb
amk-i-ºfw \evI-Ww. \mep PmXn-Ifpw ]ckv]cw {]nbw, D]-Im-cw, \∑, kpJ-Zp-xJ-ßfnepw em`\jvSß-fnepw sFI-aXyw F∂n-htbm-Sp-IqSn h¿Øn®v \mSn-s‚bpw \m´m-cp-sSbpw
\∑bv-°mbn X\p, a\w, [\w F∂n-hsb hn\ntbm-Kn-°-Ww. kv{XoIfpw ]pcp-j-∑mcpw Hcp\mfpw At\ym\yw th¿]n-cn™p hkn-°-cp-Xv.
Fs¥-∂m¬:˛
]m\w ZpcvP-\-kw-kcvKx ]Xym N hnc-tlmfS\w. kz]vt\mf\y-tK-l-hm-k› \mco-k-µq-jWm-\n- jSv. (a-\p. 9.13)
I≈v, I©mhv apX-emb el-cn-If
- p-]t- bm-Kn°p-I, ZpjvS∑
- m-tcmSv kl-hm-kw, `¿Ør-hn-tbmKw, h√ I≈-k-∂ym-kn-amsctbm at‰m ImWphm≥ shdpsX Np‰n-b-Sn-°p-I, ]c-Kr-l-Øn¬
]m¿°p-Itbm InS-∂p-dß
- p-Itbm sNøp-I, F∂o
Bdp tZmj-ßƒ kv{XoIsf Zpjn-∏n-°pw. ]pcpj-∑m-scbpw Ch Zpjn-∏n-°pw. Imcy-km-[y-Øn\mbn tZim-S\w sNøp-I, acWw F∂o c≠p
Imc-W-ß-fm¬ `mcym-`¿Øm-°-∑m¿ XΩn¬
th¿]mSp hcpw. BZysØ th¿]mSv Hgn-hm-°phm≥ Zqc- b m{X sNøp--t ºmƒ `mcy- t bbpw
sIm≠p-t]m-IW
- w. Aßs\ sNbvXm¬ Zo¿LIme hntbmKw D≠m-hp-Ib
- n-√.
tNm:˛ kv{XoIfpw ]pcp-j-∑mcpw _lp-hnhmlw sNøp-∂Xp \√tXm NoØtbm?
DØcw :˛ Htc ka-bØp \√-X-√.
tNm:˛ `n∂-Im-e-ß-fn¬ _lp-hn-hmlw
Bh-iy-amtWm?
D:˛ AsX. Fß-s\-sb-∂m¬:˛
bm kv{Xo Xz-£-X-tbm-\nx 27 kymZvK-X-{]XymK-Xmf]n hm. s]u\cv`-th\ `cv{Xm km
]p\x kwkvIm-c-acvl-Xn.
]mWn-{K-lWw sIm≠p am{Xw hnhm-ln-Xcm- b - h ¿°pw kwtbmKw kw`- h n- ® n- ´ n- √ mØ
A£-X-tbm-\n-bmb kv{Xo°pw A£-X-ho-cy\mb ]pcp-j-\pw-˛-kv{Xo-]p-cp-j-∑m¿°pw thsd
hnhmlw sNømw. F∂m¬ {_m“W≥ £{Xnb≥, sshiy≥ F∂o h¿W-ß-fn¬ £X-tbm\n-bmb kv{Xo°pw £X-ho-cy-\mb ]pcp-j\pw
]p\¿hn-hmlw \∂√.
tNm:˛ ]p\¿hn- h mlw sNøp- ∂ - X n¬
F¥mWp tZmjw?
D:˛ H∂v:˛ kv{Xo]p-cp-j∑
- m¿°v ]c-kv]c
- a
- p≈
kv t \l- Ø n\p Ipdhp hcpw. Fs¥- ∂ m¬
tXm∂p- t ºm- s g√mw ]pcp- j ≥ kv { Xotbbpw
kv{Xo ]pcp-j-s\bpw Dt]-£n®v thsd kw_‘-am-Im-a-t√m. c≠v:˛ `mcy-bp-sStbm `¿Ømhn-s‚tbm ac-W-tijw ]p\¿hn-hmlw sNøphm≥ B{K-ln-°p-tºmƒ acn-®-bm-fns‚ kzØp°ƒ Pohn®n-cn-°p-∂-bmƒ ssIh-i-s∏-Sp-Øphm≥ bXv\n-°pw. At∏mƒ acn-®-bm-fns‚ ho´pIm¿ iWvT-Iq-´pw. At\ym\yw Ielw D≠mIpw. aq∂v:˛ Ducpw t]cpw tijn-°mØ hn[Øn¬ At\Iw \√ Xd-hm-Sp-Iƒ apSn-bp-Ibpw
kºØv \in-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. \mev:˛ ]mXn{h-Xyhpw GI-]-Xv\o-{h-Xhpw \in®p \mam-hti-ja
- m-Ipw. Cßs\ ]e tZmj-ßf
- p-≈X
- n-\m¬
ZznP-Ip-e-ß-fn¬ ]p\¿hn-hmlhpw _lp-hn-hmlhpw Hcn-°epw ]mSn√.
tNm:˛ k¥-Xn-bn-√mØ Xd-hmSv A\yw
\n∂p \in-®mtem? hy`n-Nmcw sNbvXv K¿Òn{Zw apX-emb ZpjvI¿a-ßƒ sNøm-\p-an-Sbm-Ipw. ]p\¿hn-hm-l-at√ CXnepw t`Zw?
D:˛ A√-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿
{_“-\njv-T-cm-bn-cp-∂m¬ CØcw Ipg-∏-ß-fp≠m-hp-I-bn-√. kzPm-Xo-b-\mb Hcp _mes\
ZsØ-SpØp ]p{X-\mbn hf¿Øn-bm¬ k¥Xn-b‰p t]mhp-I-bn-√. hy`n-Nm-chpw D≠m-hp-Ibn-√. {_“-N-cy-kw-c-£Ww km[y-a-s√-¶n¬
\ntbm-K-hn-[n-{]-Imcw k¥-Xyp-ev]m-Z\w sNømhp-∂-Xm-Wv.
tNm:˛ ]p\¿hn- h m- l - Ø n\pw \ntbm- K Øn\pw XΩn¬ F¥mWp hyXymkw?
D:˛ H∂m- a sØ hyXym- k w˛ hnhmlw
Ign™v I\yI ]nXr-Krlw hn´v ]Xn-Kr-l-Ønte°p t]mbm¬ ]ns∂ ]nXm-hn-t\mSv hntij-_-‘-sam-∂p-an-√. \ntbm-K-hn-[n-{]-Imcw hn[h-Iƒ BZyw hnhmlw sNbvX `¿Øm-hns‚
27. a\p 9/176 AhnsS km tNZ-£-X-tbm\n F∂p
]mTw km F∂p {XnXob ]mZ-Ønepw hcp-∂-Xn-\m¬
bØ-tZm¿ \nXy-kw-_‘ F∂ \nb-a-{]-Imcw bm
F∂ ]mTw bp‡-am-Wv.
82
\memw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
Bh- i y- Ø n\v \ntbmKw sNbv X m¬ c≠masØ K¿`-[m-c-W-tØm-Sp-IqSn \ntbm-K-_‘w
th¿s]-Sp-ØW
- w. ]pcp-j≥ Xs‚ Bh-iy-Øn\v
\ntbmKw sNbvXmepw c≠m-asØ K¿`-tØmSp-IqSn _‘w Hgn-b-Ww. \nbp-‡-bmb kv{Xo
B Ipń-Isf ct≠m aqt∂m sIm√w hf¿Øn
\ntbmKw sNbvX ]pcp-js\ G¬∏n-°-Ww.
C{]-Imcw Hcp hn[-hbv°v Xs‚ kz¥w Bhiy-Øn-\mbn c≠pw Xs∂ \ntbmKw sNøp∂
\mep ]pcp-j-∑m¿°v c≠p hoXw F´pw IqSn
]Øp Ipń-Isf {]k-hn-°mw. AXp-t]mse
Xs∂ `mcy acn-®n-´p≈ Hcp ]pcp-j-\v, X\n-°pth≠n c≠pw Xs∂ \ntbmKw sNøp∂ \mep
hn[-h-am-cpsS Bh-iy-Øn-\mbn F´pw IqSn
]Øp Ipń- I sf Dev ] m- Z n- ∏ n- ° mw. Cßs\
F√mw IqSn ]Øp k¥m-\-ßsf Dev]m-Zn-∏n°p-hm-\p≈ hn[n thZ-Øn-ep-≠v.
Camw Xzan{µ aoVzx kp]p{Xmw kp`Kmav
IrWp. Zimkymw ]p{Xm-\m- t[ln ]Xn-taIm-Ziw Ir[n. (E. 10.85.45)
tl (ao- V z, C{µ) hocy- t k- N - \ - Ø n¬
{]m]vX\pw sFiz-cy-bp-‡-\p-amb ]pcp-j, \o
Cu hnhm-ln-X-bmb kv{Xosb AYhm hn[-hIsf k’-¥m-\-ß-fp-≈-hcpw ku`m-Ky-ap≈h-cp-am-°n, hnhmlw sNbvXn-´p≈ `mcy-bn¬
]Øp ]p{X-∑msc Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°p-Ibpw `mcysb
]Xn-s\m-∂m-a-Ø-h-fmbn ]cn-K-Wn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-I. A√tbm kv{Xo! \o \ns∂ th´ ]pcpj-\n¬ \nt∂m \ntbmKw sNøp∂ ]pcp-j-\n¬
\nt∂m K¿`w [cn-®v ]Øp ]p{X-∑msc {]khn-°p-Ibpw ]Xn-s\m-∂m-a-tØ-Xmbn `¿Ømhns\ KWn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I.
Cu thZ-hn-[n-{]-Imcw {_m“W £{Xnb
sshiy- h ¿W- ß - f n- e p≈ kv { Xo]p- c p- j - ∑ m¿
]Øn-e-[n-Iw k¥m-\-ßsf Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°-cp-Xv.
A[n- I - a m- b m¬ k¥m- \ - ß ƒ _e- l o- \ cpw
Aev]m-bp-kp-I-fp-am-Ipw. AXp-t]mse kv{Xo]pcp-j-∑mcpw _e-hpw Bbp pw Btcm-Kyhpw
£bn®v hm¿≤-Iy-Øn¬ AXn-ZpxJw A\p-`-hn°pw.
tNm:˛ Cu \ntbmKw hy`n-Nmcw t]mse
tXm∂p-∂p.
D:˛ hnhm- l tam \ntbm- K tam sNømØ
kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿ XΩn-ep≈ _‘-amWv hy`n-
Krl-Øn¬ Xs∂ hkn-°p-∂p.
c≠m- a - t ØXv:˛ hnhm- l - Ø n- e p- ≠ mb
a°ƒ°mWv A—s‚ kzØn-\-h-Im-iw. \ntbmK-hn-[n-{]-Imcw hn[-h-bn¬ P\n-°p∂ k¥m\-ßsf hocy-Zm-Xm-hns‚ k¥m-\-ß-fm-b√ acn®p-t]mb `¿Øm-hns‚ a°-fm-bmWv Icp-Xp-∂Xv
hocy-Zm-Xm-hns‚ tKm{Xmw-K-Xz-tam kzØ-h-Imitam Ah¿°p e`n-°p-I-bn-√. Ahsc hn[hbpsS arX-`¿Øm-hns‚ k¥m-\ß
- f
- mbn KWn®v, B tKm{XØn¬ s]Sp-Øn, kzØ-hI
- m-ihpw
\¬In, B IpSpw-_-Øn¬ Xs∂ hkn-∏n-°p∂p.
aq∂m-a-tØXv:˛ hnhm-ln-X-cmb `mcym-`¿Øm°-∑m¿ At\ym\yw ip{iq-jn-°p-Ibpw kwc£n-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww. \nbp-‡-cmb kv{Xo]pcp-j-∑m¿ XΩn¬ AØcw IS-∏m-sSm-∂p-an-√.
\mem-a-tØXv:˛ `mcym-`¿Ør-_‘w ac-W]-cy¥w \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xm-Wv. \nbp-‡-cmb
kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m-cpsS _‘w Dt±-i-]q¿ØntbmsS C√m-Xm-Ip-∂p.
A©m-a-tØXv:˛ hnhmlw sNbvXv `mcym`¿Øm-°-∑m-cm-b-h¿ Ah-cpsS am{Xw KrlØnse Imcy-ßƒ t\m°n \S-Øp-∂p. \nbp‡-cmb kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cpsSbpw Krl-Im-cy-ßƒ am{Xw t\m°p-∂p.
tNm:˛ hnhm- l - Ø n- s ‚bpw \ntbm- K Øns‚bpw \nb-a-ßƒ sht∆-sd-bmtWm?
D:˛ c≠n-s‚bpw \nb-a-ßƒ XΩn¬ sX√p
t`Zaps≠∂p apºp ]d-™p. hnhmlw sNbvX
kv { Xo]p- c p- j - ∑ m¿°v - ˛ - H cp ]pcp- j \pw Hcp
kv{Xo°pw IqSn ]Øp k¥m-\-ß-fp-≠m-Imw.
\nbp- ‡ - c mb kv { Xo]p- c p- j - ∑ m¿°v ct≠m
\mtem k¥m-\-ß-fn-e-[nIw D≠m-Im≥ ]mSn√.
Ipam-c-∑m¿°pw I\y-I-am¿°pw XΩnte
hnhmlw ]mSp≈q F∂p \nb-a-ap-≈-Xp-t]mse
hn[- h bv ° pw hn[p- c \pw XΩn¬ am{Xta
\ntbmKw ]mSp-≈q. Ipam-cn-˛-Ip-am-c-∑m¿ XΩn¬
]mSn-√.
`mcym-`¿Øm-°-∑m¿ kZm H∂n®p ]m¿°p∂- X p- t ]mse \nbp‡ kv { Xo]p- c p- j - ∑ m¿
]m¿°m-dn-√. EXp-Im-e -Ø n-e -√ msX as‰m- cn°epw Ah¿ H∂n®p tNcm-dn-√. kv{Xo Xs‚
83
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
Nmcw Ipd-bpw. kvt\l-Øn¬ \n∂v DØ-a-k¥m-\-ßƒ D≠mbn a\p-jy¿ A`n-hr≤n {]m]n°pw. {`qW- l Xy Xosc C√m- X m- h p- I bpw
sNøpw. \oN- ] p- c p- j - ∑ m- t cmSv DØ- a - k v { XoIƒ°pw thiymZn \nIrjvS kv{XoI-tfmSv \√
]pcp-j∑
- m¿°pw D≠mIp∂ hy`n-Nm-cs
- a∂ \oNIr-Xyw, Xd-hm-ń¬ If-¶w, hwi-\m-iw, kv{Xo]pcp-j-∑m-cpsS k¥m-]w, {`qW-lXy apX-emb
Zpjv I r- X y- ß ƒ F∂n- h - s b√mw hnhmlw
sIm≠pw \ntbmKw sIm≠pw \in-°p-∂p. AXn\m¬ \ntbmKw Hcp Bhiyw Xs∂-bm-Wv.
tNm:˛ \ntbmKw Fßs\ sNøWw?
D:˛ hnhmlw ]c-ky-ambn sNøp-∂X
- p-t]mse
\ntbm-Khpw F√m-hcpw Adn™p sNø-Ww.
hnhm-l-Øn\v th≠-s∏-´-h-cp-sSbpw h[q-h-c-∑mcp-sSbpw kΩ-Xhpw k¥p-jvSnbpw Bh-iy-amb-Xp-t]mse \ntbm-K-Ønepw Ah Bh-iy-amWv. kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw XΩn¬ \ntbm-K-Ønte¿s∏-Sp-tºmƒ Ah-cn-cp-hcpw Xß-fpsS IpSpw_-Ønse kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m-cpsS ap≥]n¬ h®v
C{]-Imcw i]Yw sNøWw:˛ ""Rßƒ c≠pt]cpw k¥m-\-e-_v[n-°mbn \ntbm-K-Øn¬
G¿s∏-Sp-∂p. \ntbm-K-Øns‚ e£yw {]m]n®m¬ ]ns∂ Rßƒ kw_-‘-ap-t]-£n--°pw.
adn®p {]h¿Øn-°p-∂ ]£w, Rßƒ ]m]nIfpw kmap-Zm-bn-Ihpw cmP-Io-b-hp-amb in£°¿l- c p- a m- I p- ∂ - X m- W v . amk- Ø n¬ Hcp
{]mhiyw am{Xta Rßƒ K¿`m-[m\w sNøpI- b p- ≈ q. K¿`- a p- ≠ m- b m¬ ]ns∂ Hcp
sIm√whsc Rßƒ th¿]n-cn™p hkn-®p-sIm≈mw.''
tNm:˛ kz¥w PmXn-bn¬ am{Xta \ntbmKw
BImhq F∂pt≠m? A\y- P m- X n- b nepw
BImtam?
D:˛ kv{Xo°v Xs‚ PmXn-bntem DXvIr-jvSPm-Xn-bntem s]´ ]pcp-j-t\mSv \ntbm-K-am-Imw.
sshiy-h¿W-Øn-ep≈ kv{Xo°v {_m“-W-£{Xn- b - s sh- i y- ∑ m- t cmSp IqSnbpw £{Xn- b kv{Xo°v {_mlvW-£-{Xn-b-∑m-tcmSp IqSn-bpw
{_m“- W - k v { Xo°v {_m“- W - t \mSp IqSn
am{Xhpw \ntbm-K-am-Imw. hocyw katam DXvIrjvStam Bb PmXn-bp-tS-X-√msX \nIr-jvS-amI- c p- s X∂p Xmev ] - c yw. kv { Xo]p- c p- j - ∑ msc
krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ {]tbm-P\w thZm-\p-
Nm-cw. hnhmlw sNbvX Zº-Xn-IfpsS _‘w
hy`n- N m- c - a - √ m- Ø - X p- t ]mse hn[n- { ]- I mcw
\ntbmKw sNøp-∂Xpw hy`n-Nm-c-a-√. Hcm-fns‚
I\y-Isb as‰m-cm-fns‚ Ahn-hm-ln-X-]p-{X≥
imkv{X-hn-[n-{]-Imcw hnhmlw sNbvX tijw
Ah-cpsS kam-K-a-Øn¬ hy`n-Nm-cw, ]m]w,
e÷ F∂n-h-sbm∂pw C√m-Ø-Xp-t]mse thZ˛-im-kv{X-ß-fn¬ hn[n-®n-´p≈ \ntbm-K-Ønepw
hy`n-Nm-c-tam ]m]-tam e÷tbm Ds≠∂p IcpX-cp-Xv.
tNm:˛ Imcyw icn Xs∂ ]t£ CXp
thiym-hr-Øn-bm-sW∂p tXm∂p-∂p.
D:˛ A√; thiym-ka
- m-Ka
- Ø
- n¬ \n›nX ]pcpj-s\-∂-√, bmsXmcp \nb-ahpw C√. \ntbm-KØnse \nb-a-ßƒ hnhm-l-Øn-t‚-Xn\p Xpeyam-Wv. I\ym-Zm-\Ø
- n-tem hn[n-{]-Imcw hnhmlw
sNbvX-h-cpsS kam-K-a-Øntem e÷-bp-≠m-ImØXv t]mse \ntbm-K-Ønepw D≠m-I-cp-Xm-ØXm-Wv. hy-`n-N-cn-°p∂ ]pcp-jt\m kv{Xotbm
hnhm-lw-sN-bvXmepw B ZpjvI¿a-Øn¬ \n∂p
c£-s]-Sptam?
tNm:˛ \ntbm- K - Ø n¬ ]m]- a p- s ≠∂p
Rßƒ hnNm-cn-°p-∂p.
D:˛ \ntbm-K-Øn¬ ]m]-ap-s≠∂p hnNm-cn°p∂ ]£w F¥p-sIm≠v hnhm-l-Ønepw
]m]-an√? \ntbm-KsØ \ntcm-[n-°p-∂-XmWv
]m]w. hnc- ‡ n- b pw ]q¿W sshZp- j yhpw
kn≤n® tbmKn-Iƒs°m-gn®v {]Ir-Xym-bp-≈Xpw
Cuiz-cs‚ krjvSn-{I-a-Øn-\-\p-k-cn-®p-≈-Xpamb {]hr-Øn-Iƒ XS-bp-hm≥ B¿°pw km[ya-√. {`qW-l-Xybpw hn[-h-I-fp-sSbpw hn[p-c-cpsSbpw AXy¥ ZpxJw F∂nh ]m]- a - t √.
bu∆\w \ne-\n¬°p-thmfw hnj-b-kp-Jhpw
k¥m-\-e-_v[nbpw B{K-ln-°p-∂p. kmaq-lyco-Xn, PmXn-\n-b-a-ßƒ F∂nh Ah-cpsS B{KlsØ ASn-®-a¿Øp-tºmƒ cl-ky-Zp¿am¿Kß-fn-eqsS kzImaw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°p-∂p. hy`nNm-chpw Zpcm-N-m-chpw \in∏n-°m≥ \√-hgn
PntX-{µn-b-cm-bn-cn-°m≥ i‡n-bp-≈-h¿ hnhmltam \ntbm-Ktam sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
Ah-c-ßs\ sNøp-∂Xv DNn-X-am-Wv. ]t£
C{µn-b-ßsf AS-°p-hm≥ Ign-hn-√m-Ø-h¿°v
hnhm-lhpw KXy-¥-c-an-√m-Ø-t∏mƒ \ntbmKhpw IqSntb Xocq. Aß-s\-bm-bm¬ hy-`n-
84
\memw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
Iq-ehpw [¿am-\p-kr-X-hp-amb hn[-Øn¬ hnhmltam \ntbm- K tam sNbv X v k¥m- \ - ß sf
Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv.
tNm:˛ ]pcp-j\v ]p\¿hn-hmlw sNømhp∂Xn-\m¬ \ntbmKw F¥n-\mWv?
D:˛ ZznP-h¿Wßƒ°v kv{XoIƒ°pw ]pcpj-∑m¿°pw Hcn-°¬ am{Xta hnhmlw ]mSp≈q, c≠m-aXp ]mSn-√. F∂p thZ-im-kv{X-ßfn¬ hn[n-®n-´p-s≠∂v apsºm-cn-SØp ]d-™n´p-≠v. Ipam-co-Ip-am-c∑
- m-cpsS hnhmlw am{X-amWv
icn. hn[-hsb Ipam-c-\pw I\y-Isb hn[p-c\pw
hnhmlw sNøp-∂Xv A\ym-bhpw A[¿Ω-hpam-Wv. hn[-hsb hnhmlw sNøp-hm≥ Hcp
]pcpj\pw B{K-ln-°m-Ø-Xp-t]mse hnhmlw
sNbvXv kv{Xok-am-Kaw sNbvXn-´p≈ Hcp-hs\
hcn-°p-hm≥ Hcp I\y-Ibpw B{K-ln-°p-I-bn√. hnhm-ln-Xs\ I\y-I-bpw hn[-hsb Ipamc\pw kzoI-cn-°-bn-s√∂p hcp-tºmƒ, \ntbmK-Øns‚ Bhiyw hcp-∂p. Xpey-cpsS _‘amWv [¿am-\p-kr-X-am-b-Xv.
tNm:˛ hnhm-l-Øn-\p-≈-Xp-t]mse \ntbmK- Ø n\pw
thZm- Z n- i m- k v{X- ß - f n¬
{]amWapt≠m?
D:˛ At\Iw {]am-W-ßƒ D≠v. ImWq!
tIƒ°q!
1. Ipl- kzn-t±mjm Ipl hkvtXm-c-izn\m
Iplm-`n]nXzw IcXx Iptlm-jXpx. tIm hmw
ibp{Xm hn[-thh tZhcw acyw \ tbmjm
IrWptX k[ÿ B. (E. 10.40.2)
2. DZocv j z \mcy- ` n- Po- h - t em- I w KXm
kptaXap] tij Gln. lkvX-{Km-`ky Zn[ntjmkv-X-th-Zw ]XyqcvP-\n-Xz-a`n kw _-`qY.
(E. 10.18.8)
1. A√tbm (Aizn\m) kvXo]p-cp-j-∑msc!
(tZh-cw, hn[-thh) hn[-h-bmb kvXo Xs‚
tZh-c-t\bpw 28 (tbmjm-a-cyw\) hnhm-lnX
Xs‚ `¿Øm- h n- t \bpw (k[tÿ) kam\
ÿm\Øpw iø-bnepw H∂n-®p-tN¿∂v k¥mt\m- e v ] m- Z \w (BIr- W ptX) sNøp- ∂ - X pt]mse \nß-fn-cp-hcpw (Ipl-kzn-t±mjm) cm{Xnbn-se-hnsS (Ipl-hkvXx) ]I-se-hnsS hkn®n-cp∂p? (Iplp-`n-]nXzw IcXx) Fhn-sS-\n∂v
]Zm¿∞-ßƒ t\Sn? (Iptlm-jXpx) GXp
kabw Fhn-sS√mw hkn-®n-cp∂p? (tIm hmw
ibp{Xm) \nß-fpsS ib-\-ÿm\w Fhn-sSbmWv? \nßƒ Bcv? GXp \m´p-Im-c-\mWv?
`mcym- ` ¿Øm- ° - ∑ m¿ hntZ- i - b m- { X- b nepw
kl-h-kn-°-W-sa∂pw hn[-h-am¿°p \ntbmKw
sNbvX ]Xn-tbmSv hnhmlw sNbvX `¿Ømhn-t\m-sS∂hÆw kwK-an®v k¥m-\-e-_v[n-bmIm-sa∂pw CXn¬\n∂p kn≤n-°p-∂p. `¿Ømhn\v A\p- P ≥ Cs√- ¶ n¬ hn[h BtcmSv
\ntbmKw sNøpw?
D:˛ tZh-c-t\m-Sp-X-s∂. F∂m¬ tZh-c≥
F∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w \nßƒ a\- n-em-°n-bncn- ° p- ∂ - X p- t ]m- s e- b - √ . \ncp- ‡ - Ø n¬ ]dbp∂p:˛
tZhcx IkvamXv ZznXotbm hc DNy-tX.
(\ncp. 3.15.)
hn[-h-bpsS c≠m-asØ `¿Øm-hn-s\-bmWv
tZh-c≥ F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. `¿Øm-hns‚ A\pPt\m tPyjvTt\m kzPm-Xo-bt\m AYhm
D∂X PmXo- b t\m Bcm- b m- e pw hn[h
\ntbmKw sNøp-∂-bm-fns\ tZh-c≥ F∂p ]dbp-∂p. 2. A√tbm (\mco) hn[-th, \o (GXw
KXm-kpav) acn-®p-t]mb `¿Øm-hn-s\-∏‰n Nn¥n°msX (titj) tijn® ]pcp-j-∑m-cn¬\n∂v
(A`n-Po-h-temIw) Poh-\p≈ c≠mw `¿Ømhns\ (Dss]ln) {]m]n-°p-I. (D-Zo¿jz) CXns\-∏‰n Btem-Nn®v Cßs\ \n›-bn-°pI (lkvX-{Km-`ky Zn[n-tjmx) hn[-h-bmb \ns∂
ho≠pw ]mWn-{K-lWw sNøp∂ \nbp-‡-]Xn-°mWv \ntbm-K-sa-¶n¬ (C-Z-av) Cu (P-\nXz-av) P\n-°p-∂ Ipń (]-Xypx) B \nbp-‡-]Xn-bp-tS-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. adn®v \ns‚ Bh-iy-Øn\m-sW-¶n¬ k¥m\w (X-h) \nt‚-Xpam-bncn°pw (A-`n-kw-_-`q-Y) Cßs\ \ni-vN-bn-°pI. \nbp-‡-]p-cp-j\pw Cu \n›bw ]men-°Ww.
AtZ-hr-Lv\y-]X
- nLv\ossl[n inhm ]
- i
- p`yx -kp-bam kphcvNmx. {]Pm-hXo hoc-kqcvtZhr-Imam tkymt\aa·nw Km¿l-]Xyw k]cy.
(A-Y¿hw 14.2.18) 29
(A-]-Xn-Lv\yw-tZ-hr-Lv\n) 30 `¿Øm-hn\pw
tZh-c\pw ZpxJ-ap-≠m-°mØ h\n-tX, \o (C-
28 `¿Øm-hns‚ Cfb ktlm-Z-c≥
F∂p cqVm¿Yw
85
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
l) Cu Krl-ÿm-{i-a-Øn¬ (]-ip-`yx) arKßƒ°v (in-h) awK-f-Im-cn-Wnbpw (kp-b-amx)
[¿Ω- a m¿K- N m- c n- W nbpw (kp- h cv N mx) kpµcnbpw kIe imkv{X-hn-im-c-Zbpw ({]-Pm-h-Xo)
t{ijvT-cm-b -]p-{X-]u-{Xm-Zn-I-fp-≈-hfpw (ho-ckqx) hoc-]p-{X-∑msc {]k-hn-®-hfpw (tZ-hr-Imam) tZhcs\ Iman-°p-∂h
- fpw (tkym-\m) kpJ{]-Z-bp-am-bn, `¿Øm-hn-t\tbm tZh-c-t\tbm
(G-[n) {]m]n-®v, (C-a-av) Cu (Kmcvl]Xy-av)
Krlÿ- k w- _ - ‘ n- b mb (A- · n- a v ) tlmam·nsb (k-]-cy) Pzen-∏n®p \ne-\n¿Øp-I.
Xma-t\\ hn[m-t\\ \ntPm hntµX tZhcx
(a-\p. 9.69)
A£-X-tbm-\n-bmb kv{Xo hn[-h-bm-bm¬
`¿Øm-hns‚ kz¥w A\p-P\v Ahsf hnhmlw
sNømw.
tNm:˛ Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw F{X \ntbmKw
hoXw sNømw? hnhmlw sNbv X - h cpw
\ntbmKw sNbvX-h-cp-amb `¿Øm-°-∑m-cpsS
kw⁄-Iƒ Gh?
D:˛tkmax {]Ytam hnhntZ K‘cvthm
hnhnZ DØcx. XrXotbm A·njvtS ]XnkvXq-co-bkvtX a\p-jyPmx (E. 10. 85.40)
A√tbm \mco! (tX) \ns‚ ({]-Y-ax) H∂mw
hnhm-l-Ønse (]-Xnx) `¿Øm-hmbn (hn-hn-tZ)
\ns∂ {]m]n-°p-∂-bm-fn\v (tkm-ax) kuIp-amcymZn KpW-ß-fm¬ tkma≥ F∂p t]cmWv.
\ntbm-K-Øm¬ (hn-hn-tZ) {]m]n-°p∂ ZznXob≥ (K-‘¿hx) as‰mcp kv{Xosb {]m]n-®n-cp∂-Xn-\m¬ K‘¿h≥ F∂ kw⁄-bp-≈-h-\mWv. (Xr-Xob DØ-cx) ]n∂oSv aq∂m-asØ
`¿Øm-hm-Ip-∂-bmƒ°v (A-·nx) AXy-[nI
k¥m- ] - a p- f - h m- ° p∂h\m- I - b m¬ A·n
F∂mWv kw⁄. (tX) \ns‚ (Xp-cn-bx) \mep
apX¬ ]Xn-s\m∂p hsc-bp≈ \nbp-‡-]-XnIƒ°v (a- \ p- j y- P mx) a\pjy¿ F∂mWv
kw⁄.
"Cam Xzav' 31 F∂ a{¥-a\
- p-kc
- n®v kv{Xo°v
]Xn- s \m∂p ]pcp- j - ∑ msc \ntbm- K n- ° m- h p∂Xpt]mse ]pcp-j\v ]Xn-s\m∂p kv{XoI-
tfbpw \ntbm-Kn-°mw.
tNm:˛ GIm-Zi
- k
- w-⁄b
- m¬ ]Øp-]p-{X-∑msc∂pw ]Xn-s\m-∂m-aXv ]Xn-sb∂pw F¥psIm≠v FÆn-°qSm?
D:˛ Aßs\ A¿∞w ]d- b p∂ ]£w
""hn[thh tZh- c av '' ""tZhcx Ikv a mXv
ZznXotbm hc DNytX'' ""AtZ- h rLv \ n''
""K‘¿thm hnhZ DØcx'' apX-emb thZ-{]am-W-ßƒ°p hncp-≤-ambn Xocpw. Fs¥-∂m¬
\nß- f psS hymJym- \ - a - \ p- k - c n®v c≠mw
`¿Ømhv D≠m-bn-°q-S-t√m.
tZh-cmZzm k]n-WvUmZzm kv{Xnbm kayMv\n-bp-‡bm. {]tP-]vkn-Xm-[n-K¥
- hym k¥m32
\ky ]cn£-tb.
tPyjvtTm bho-btkm `mcymw bho-bm-\zm{K-P-kv{Xn-bav. ]XnsXu `htXm KXzm \nbp‡m-h-]y-\m-]Zn. 33 Huckx t£{X-P-ss›h 34
Cß-s\-bmWv a\p Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≈-Xv. k]nWvU¿ AYhm `¿Øm-hns‚ Bdp Xe-ap-d-hsc
AI∂ _‘p- ° - f n¬ s]´, `¿Øm- h ns‚
tPyjvTm-\p-P-∑m¿, kzPm-Xn-bn-ep-≈-h¿, D∂-XPm- X o- b ¿, F∂n- h - t cm- S mWv hn[- h bv ° v
\ntbmKw hnln-X-am-b-Xv. F∂m¬ \ntbmKw
sNøp-∂Xv hn[p-c-\pw hn[-hbv°pw k¥m-\-e_v[n°v B{K-l-ap-s≠-¶nte DNn-X-am-bn-cn-°q.
A\yw \n¬°p-tºmgpw \ntbmKw Bh-iy-amWv. k¥m\w AXy-¥m-t]-£n-Xa
- m-bn-cn-°p-tºmg-√msX (tPy-jvTs‚ `mcy-tbm-Sp-IqSn A\p-Pt\m A\p-Ps‚ `mcy-tbm-Sp-IqSn tPyjvTt\m
\ntbmKw sNbv X p k¥m- \ - a p- ≠ m- b - X n\p
tijw) ho≠pw _‘w XpS¿∂m¬ Ccp-hcpw
]Xn-Xc
- m-Ipw. Hcp \ntbm-KØ
- ns‚ IqSnb Imemh[n c≠m- a sØ K¿`m- [ m\w hsc- b m- W v .
CXn\p tijw \nbp-‡¿ XΩn¬ kam-Kaw
]mSn-√. kv{Xo ]pcp-j-∑m-cn-cp-h-cp-sSbpw Bhiy-am-bn-´mWv \ntbm-Ksa-¶n¬ \mem-asØ
K¿`m-[m\w hsc Imem-h-[n-bm-Imw. Cßs\
31 t]Pv 183 ImWp-I. AhnsS {]I-c-W-h-im¬ ]Øp
k¥m-\ß
- s
- f∂pw ChnsS \ntbm-K{- ]-Ic
- W
- a
- m-Ib
- m¬
]Øp \ntbm-Khpw Hcp hnhm-l-hp-sa∂v A¿Yw ]d™n-cn-°p-∂p.
32 a\p 9. 59
33 Sn. 9.50
34 Sn. 9. 159
29 AY¿hw 14-˛mw ImWvUw 2˛mw kq‡w 18-˛mw a{¥w
30 kzc-im-kv{X-a-\p-k-cn®v A]-XnLv\o AtZ-hrLv\o
F∂p ]Zw
86
\memw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
sW-¶n¬ F´p-sIm-√hpw ]Tn-°mt\m Io¿Øn
kºm-Zn-°p-∂-Xnt\m hntZ-i-bm-{X-bn-em-sW¶n¬ Bdp-sIm-√-hpw ]Ww kºm-Zn-°mt\m
at‰m \mSp hnń-cn-°p-s∂-¶n¬ aq∂p-sIm√w
hscbpw ImØn-cp∂ tijw \ntbmKw sNbvXv
k¥m-\-e_v[n t\Sm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. `¿Ømhp
aSßn hcp-tºmƒ \nbp-‡-]-Xn-bpsS _‘w
th¿s]-Spw.
2. Cßs\ ]pcp-j∑
- m-cpsS Imcy-Ønepw \nba-ap-≠v. hnhmlw Ign™v F´p sIm√w hsc
K¿`w [cn-°mØ h‘ysb F´m-asØ h¿jhpw `mcy {]k-hn-°p∂ k¥m-\-ß-sf√mw acn®p-t]m-Ip∂ ]£w Ahsf ]Ømw sIm√-Ønepw s]Ïp-ń-Isf am{Xw {]k-hn-°p-∂-hsf
]Xn-s\m∂mw h¿j-hpw A{]nbw ]d-bp-∂-hsf
DS-s\-X-s∂bpw ]cn-Xy-Pn®v thsdmcp kv{Xo
tbm-Sp-IqSn \ntbmKw sNbvXv, k¥m-\-ßsf
t\Sm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. CXp-t]mse Xs∂ kv{Xo
Ifpw `¿Øm-°-∑m¿ AXncp Ihn™v D]-{Z-hn°p-∂-h-cm-sW-¶n¬ Ahsc Dt]-£n-®v, A\y]p-cp-j-∑m-tcm-Sp-IqSn \ntbmKw sNbvXv k¥m\-ßsf t\Sn Ahsc `¿Øm-hns‚, kz-Øn-\h-Im-in-I-fm-°-Ww.
Cß- s \- b p≈ {]am- W - ß ƒ, bp‡n- I ƒ
F∂n-h-b-\p-k-cn®v kzbw-hc coXn-bn¬ hnhmlhpw \ntbm-Khpw sNbvXv hwi-h¿≤\ sNøWw. Huc-k]
- p-{X-∑m¿ (`¿Øm-hn¬ \n∂p-≠mb
a°ƒ) ]nXm-hns‚ kzØn\v Ah-Im-in-I-fmIp-∂-Xp-t]mse t£{X-P-∑m-cmb (\n-tbm-KØm¬ D≠m-b) ]p{X-∑mcpw arX-]n-Xm-hns‚
Zmb-`m-K-Øn\v Ah-Im-in-I-fm-Ip-∂p.
hocy-cP
- k
- p-Iƒ AXn-aq-ey-ap≈ hkvXp-°f
- msW∂v kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿ a\-kn-em-°-Ww. Cu
aqey-h-kvXp-°sf ]c-kv{Xo-Iƒ, thiy-Iƒ,
ZpjvS-]p-cp-j-∑m¿ F∂n-h-cpsS kwk¿K-Øm¬
Zpcp-]-tbmKw sNøp-∂-h¿ aqV¿ Xs∂. henb
hnh-c-an-√mØ Irjn-°m¿ t]mepw A\y-cpsS
hb-en¬ hnØp hnXbv-°p-∂n-√. kz¥w hbentem tXm´-Øntem am{Xta hnX-bv°q. CXp
{]Xy£am-bn-cn-t°, AXn-{]-[m-\-amb a\p-jyi-co-c-Øns‚ _oPsØ A\¿l-amb t£{XØn¬ sIms≠dn-bp-∂-h≥ alm-aq-V-\m-Wv.
Fs¥-∂m¬ AXns‚ êw hnX-bv°p∂h\p
In´p-∂n-√. ""Bflm ssh PmbtX ]p{Xx''
ap≥]-d-™-hÆw ]Øp k¥m-\-ßƒ hsc-bmImw. \nbp-‡¿ ho≠pw kam-Kaw sNbvXm¬
AXp hnj-bm-k‡n \nan-Ø-am-Wv. X∂n-anØw
Ahsc ]Xn-X-cmbn KWn-°pw. hnhm-ln-X-cmbmepw ]Øp- I p- ´ n- I ƒ ]nd- ∂ - X n\p tijw
Ahsc Imam-Xp-ccpw \nµn-X-cp-ambn KWn-°pw.
hnhm-lhpw \ntbm-Khpw k¥-Xn-°p-th≠n
am{X- a m- W v . arK- ß - s f- t ∏mse arKob Ima]q¿Øn°p th≠n-b-s√∂p Xmev]-cyw.
tNm:˛ `¿Ømhp acn-®-ti-j-a-√msX Pohn®n-cn-°p-tºmgpw \ntbmKw \S-Ømtam?
D:˛ \SØmw:˛ A\y-an-—kz kp`tK ]Xnw
aXv. (E. 10. 10. 10) `¿Øm-hn\v k¥m-t\m-ev]mZ-\-km-a¿∞yw C√msX hcp-tºmƒ `mcy-tbmSv
B⁄m-]n-°-Ww.:˛ ""tl (kp`-tK) ku`mKysØ C—n-°p∂ \mco! \o (a-Xv) F∂n¬
\n∂v (A-\yw) A\y-\mb `¿Øm-hns\ (C-—kz) C—n-°p-I. Fs¥-∂m¬, Ct∏mƒ F∂n¬
\n∂v k¥m-t\m-ev]Øn D≠m-hm≥ km[y-Xbn-√.'' At∏mƒ kv{Xo°v CX-c-]p-cp-j-\p-ambn
\ntbmKw sNbvXv k¥m-t\m-ev]m-Z-\-am-Imw.
]t£ Ahƒ kz¥w hnhm-lnX `¿Øm-hns\
ip{iqjn-°-Ww. CXp-t]mse tcmKm-Zn-tZm-j-ßfm¬ kv{Xo k¥m-t\m-ev]m-Z-\-Øn\v Aka¿∞-bm-Ip-tºmƒ `¿Øm-hn-t\mSv A`y¿∞n°Ww:˛ ""\mYm F∂n¬ \n∂v k¥m-\-e-_v[nbp-≠m-Ip-sa∂ Bi shSn™v GsX-¶nepw hn[hsb \ntbmKw sNbvXv, k¥m-\-`mKyw t\Snbm-epw.'' ]mWvUp-al
- m-cm-Pm-hns‚ ]Xv\n-am-cmb
Ip¥n, am{Zn F∂n-h¿ C{]-Im-c-amWv sNbvXXv. Nn{Xmw-K-Z≥, hnNn-{X-ho-c≥ F∂o alm-cmPm-°∑
- m-cpsS ac-Wt- ijw thZ-hym-ka
- lmap\n,
\ntbm-K-Øm¬ Aw_n-I-bn¬ [rX-cm-jv{S-\pw
Aw_m-en-I-bn¬ ]mWvUp-hn\pw Zmkn-bn¬
hnZp-c¿°pw P∑w \¬In, CØcw CXn-lm-kßƒ \ntbm-K-Øn\v sXfn-hmWv.
1. t{]mjntXm [cva Imcymcv∞w {]Xot£ymfjv S u \cx kamx. hnZymcv Y w jSv
btimfcvYw hm ImamcvYw {XnwkvXp h’-cm\v.
2. h‘ym-jvS-taf[n-th-Zym_vtZ Zita Xp
arX-{]Pm GIm-Zti kv{Xo P\\o kZy-kvXz{]n-b-hm-Zn\o (a-\pkvarXn 9.76.81)
1. hn[n-{]-Imcw hnhmlw sNbvX ]Xv\n°v
Xs‚ `¿Ømhv [¿a-\n-anØw Zqc-bm-{X-bn-em87
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
F∂t{X {_m“-W-ßƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
AwKm-Zw-KmXv kw-`-hmkn lrZ-bm-Z-[n- Pmbtk. Bflmkn ]p{X am arYmx k Poh
ic-Zx- i-Xav.. 35 (CXp kma-thZ {_m“-W-hN-\-am-Wv)
tl ]p{X! \o Fs‚ F√m AwK-ß-fn¬
\n∂pw D≠mb hocy-Øn¬ \n∂pw lrZ-bØ
- n¬
\n∂p-amWv P\n-®X
- v. \o Fs‚ Bflmhp Xs∂.
Rm≥ acn-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv \o acn-°-cp-Xv. \o
\qdp h¿jw Pohn-®n-cn-°p-I. al-Øp-°fpw almi-b-∑m-cp-am-b-h-cpsS ico-c-Øn\p \nZm-\-amb
hocyw thiymZn ZpjvS-cn¬ hnX-bv°p-∂-Xpw
ZpjvS-_o-PsØ \√ ]m{X-ß-fn¬ hnX-bv°p∂Xpw A]-I-S-I-c-a-t{X.
tNm:˛ F¥mWv hnhmlw? IjvS-s∏-Sm\pw
_‘-\Ø
- n¬ AI-s∏´p ZpxJn-°m-\ptam? ]ckv]c t{]a-ap-≈-h¿ Hcp-an-®n-cn-°-s´. t{]aw
C√m-Xm-bm¬ th¿]n-cn-b-s´. CXt√ icn?
D:˛ P¥p-°-fpsS kz`m-h-am-Wn-Xv. a\p-jy-cptS-X-√. hnhm-l\nbaw Cs√-¶n¬ Krl-ÿm{i-a-Ønse \√ {]hr-Øn-I-sf√mw \in-®p-t]mIpw. hr≤-∑msc ip{iq-jn-°m-\m-fn-√m-Xm-Ipw.
hy`n-Nmcw h¿≤n-°pw. tcmKn-Ifpw _e-lo-\cpw Aev]m-bp-kp-I-fp-ambn a\p-jy¿ thKw acn°pw. Xd-hm-Sp-Iƒ apSnbpw B¿°pw Bscbpw
`b-an-√m-Xm-Ipw. e÷ B¿°p-ap-≠m-hn-√. kzØh-Im-ihpw `mKm-h-Im-ihpw C√m-Xm-Ipw hkvXp°-fn-t∑¬ kz¥m-h-Imiw C√m-Xm-Ipw. CXn\v
DNn-X-amb ]cn-lmcw hnhmlw Xs∂.
tNm:˛ hnhm-l-Øn¬ GI ]Xv\o-{h-Xhpw
GI-`¿Ør-hy-h-ÿ-bp-a-t√-bp≈q? At∏mƒ
kv{Xo K¿`n-Wntbm ÿnc-tcm-Kn-Wntbm BhpIbpw AYhm ]pcp-j≥ ÿnc-tcm-Kn-bm-hpItbm sNbvXm¬, Ccp-hcpw buh-\-bp-‡sc-¶n¬ {_“-N-cy-kw-c-£Ww Ccp-h¿°p-akm-≤y-am-Ipw. At∏mƒ Ah-sc¥p sNøWw?
D:˛ CXn-\p-Øcw \ntbm-K{- ]-Ic
- W
- Ø
- n-ep-≠v.
K¿`n- W n- b mb `mcy- t bmSv Hcm- ≠ p- I mew
kwtbmKw h¿÷n® ]pcp-j\pw tcmKn-bmb
]pcp- j s‚ `mcybv ° pw {_“- N - c y- ] m- e \w
Akm-≤y-sa-¶n¬ a‰p kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m-tcmSv
\ntbmKw sNbvXv Ah¿°v k¥m-\-e_v[n
ssIh-cp-Ø-Ww. A√msX thiym-kw-k¿Ktam
hy`n-Nm-ctam ]mSn-√-X-s∂.
ssIh-i-an-√mØ hkvXp-°ƒ kºm-Zn-°phm≥ {ian-°p-I, Inń-bXp c£n-°p-I, c£n®Xp h¿≤n-∏n-°p-I, h¿≤n-∏n® [\w apgp-h\pw
\mSns‚ \∑-bv°mbn sNe-h-gn-°pI F∂n-hsb√mw Ign- h - \ p- k - c n®v sNø- W w. kz¥w
h¿Wm-{i-a-[¿ΩsØ ]q¿thm-‡-amb coXnbn¬ AXn-{i-≤-tbmsS a\-kpw ]W-hpw icochpw D]-tbm-Kn®v A\p-jvTn-°-Ww. Ah-\-hs‚bpw Pohn-X-]-¶m-fnbpsSbpw amXm-]n-Xm-°∑msc Atß-b‰w ip{iq-jn-°-Ww. kplr-Øp°ƒ, Ab¬]- ° - ° m¿, `c- W m- [ n- I m- c n- I ƒ,
hnZzm-∑m¿, sshZy-∑m¿, kØp-°ƒ F∂n-h-tcmsS√mw kvt\l-]q¿∆w s]cp-am-d-Ww. ZpjvScpw
A[¿a-\n-c-X-cp-am-b-h-cpsS t\sc DZm-ko-\-cmbn
tZzj-`mhw If™v Ahsc \∂m-°p-hm≥ {ian°-Ww. Ign-hp-≈{X ]Ww apS°n k¥m-\ß
- sf
kvt\l-]q¿∆w ]Tn-∏n®v, Ahsc in£n-Xcpw
]q¿W-hn-Zzm-∑m-cp-am-°-Ww. [¿am-\p-kr-X-I¿aßƒ A\p-jvTn®v tamt£m-]m-b-ßsf t\Sn-hbv°p-Ibpw thWw. tam£-{]m-]vXn-bmbmte
]c-am-\µw A\p-`-hn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bq. C\n FgpXp∂ Xcw t«mI-ßsf AwKo-I-cn-°-cp-Xv.
1. ]Xn-tXm f ]n ZznPx t{ijvtTm \ N iqt{Zm
PntX-{µnbx. \ncvZpKv≤m Nm]n Kux ]qPym \
N ZpKv≤-hXo Jco..
2. Aizm-ew`w Khm-ew`w kw\ymkw ]e
ss]{XnIw. tZh-cm® kptXm-Xv]Ønw Ieu
]© hnhcvP-tbXv..
3. \jv t S artX {]{h- P ntX ¢oth N
]XntX ]Xu. ]©-kzm-]’p \mcoWmw ]Xnct\ym hn[o-btX..
Ch ]cmics‚ t]cn¬ \n¿an® I≈ t«mIß-fm-Wv. Zpcm-Nm-cn-bmb {_m“-W≥ t{ijvT\pw kZm-Nm-cn-bmb iq{Z≥ \oN-\p-ambn FÆs∏-Sp∂ ]£w AXn-tesd henb ]£-]m-Xhpw A\ym-bhpw A[¿ahpw F¥mWv?
1. ""]m¬ Xcp-∂p-s≠-¶nepw Cs√-¶nepw CSb≥ ]ip-hns\ c£n-°-W-sa¶n¬ Ipi-hcpw
a‰pw Igp-Xsb F¥p-sIm≠p c£n-°-W-sa-
35 Bflm ssh ]p{X-\m-akn F∂ iX-]-Y-h-N-\hpw
(4.9. 4.26) \ncp‡w(3.4 ¬ D≤r-Xw) hN-\hpw
XΩn¬ Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I.
36 OmtµmKyw a{¥-{_m-“Ww 1.5.17 s‚
]q¿hm¿≤hpw 18s‚ DØ-cm¿≤hpw
88
\memw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
∂n√? IqSmsX Cu DZm-l-cWw Xs∂ icn-b√. Fs¥-∂m¬, {_m“-W\pw iq{Z\pw a\pjy-Pm-Xn-bn¬ s]Sp-∂p. ]iphpw Igp-Xbpw `n∂Pm-Xn-I-fm-Wv. Ah c≠pw arK-Pm-Xn-bn¬ s]´Xm-sW∂p ]d™v DZm-l-c-W-Øns‚ {]IrX
sØ Hcp hn[w {]Ir-X-Øn\p tbmPn-∏n-°m-sa¶nepw Bi-b-Øn\p tN¿®-bn-√m-bvI-bm¬ Cu
t«mIw Hcn-°epw {]amWa-√.
2. Aizm-ew-`-\-sa∂p ]d™v IpXn-csb
sIm∂p tlman-°p-I, Khm-ew-`\-sa∂ t]cn¬˛ -]-ip-hns\ sIm∂p tlman-°p-I ˛ F∂nhbv ° p thZ- Ø n¬ hn[n- t b- b n- √ . At∏mƒ
Ahsb Ien-bp-K-Øn¬ \ntj-[n-°p-∂Xp thZhn-cp-≤a
- t√? Cu \oN-I¿a-Øn\v Ien-bp-KØ
- n¬
\ntj-[-ap-s≠∂p Icp-Xp∂ ]£w t{XXmZnbp-K-ß-fn¬ AXn\p hn[n-bp-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-∂mWt√m h∂p IqSp-I. AØcw ZpjvI¿a-ßƒ
""t{ijvT-bpK''Øn¬ D≠m-Ip-∂Xv Akw-`-hyam-Wv. kw\ym-k-Øn\v thZm-Zn-im-kv{X-ß-fn¬
hn[n-bp-≠v. AXns\ \ntj-[n-°p-hm≥ {]am-Wsam-∂p-an-√. amwkm-lmcw \njn-≤-am-sW-¶n¬
AXv F∂pw \njn≤w Xs∂-bmWv tZhc-cn¬
\n∂v ]pt{Xm¬]m-Z\w thZm-\p-a-Xn-bp-≈-Xm
Ibm¬ t«mI-ap-≠m-°n-b-h≥ Nne-®n´p Imcyan√.
3. `¿Ømhp \jvS-\m-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ-˛-hn-tZi-hm-kØ
- n-em-sW-¶n¬ `mcy as‰m-cmsf `¿Ømhmbn hcn-°p-Ibpw At∏mƒ hnhmlw sNbvX
`¿Ømhp aSßn hcn-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ Ahƒ
BcpsS `mcy-bm-bn-cn°pw? hnhmlw sNbvX
]Xn- b psS ]Xv \ n- b m- b n- c n- ° p- s a∂ DØcw
\ap°pw kzoImcyw Xs∂. F∂m¬ Aßs\
Hcp hyhÿ ]cm-i-c-kvar-Xn-bn¬ ImWp-∂n√. kv{XoIƒ°p-≠m-Im-hp∂ B]¬°m-eß
- ƒ
At© Dt≈m? `¿Ømhp tcmKn-bm-hp-I, `mcym`¿Øm-°-∑m¿°p XΩn¬ hntcm-[-ap-≠m-hp-I,
XpS-ßnb B]-Øp-Iƒ A©n-e[
- n-Ia
- t√? AXn\m¬ CØcw t«mI-ßsf {]am-W-ambn KWn°p-∂Xp icn-b√.
tNm:˛ sIm≈m-at√m tl, \nßƒ ]cm-i-ca-l¿jn-bpsS hm°n-\p-t]mepw hne Iev]n°p-∂nt√?
D:˛ BcpsS hN-\-am-bmepw thZ-hn-cp-≤-am-bXp-sIm≠v hne-sh-°p-∂n√. CXp ]cm-i-cs‚
hN- \ - h p- a - √ . Fs¥- ∂ m¬ ""{_t“m- h m- N ,
hknjv T Dhm- N , cma DhmN inh Dhm- N ,
hnjvWp-cp-hm-N, tZhyp-hmN'' F∂pw a‰pw Nne¿
{KŸ-ßƒ Na-bv°p-∂Xv Ahsb temI¿ kzoIcn-°p-sa∂pw X∂n-anØw [mcmfw ]Ww kºmZn-°m-sa∂pw IcpXn am{X-am-Wv. Cßs\ A¿Yan-√mØ t«mI-ß-sf-gp-Xn-t®¿°p-∂p, Cß-s\Iq-ń-t®¿Ø t«mI-ß-sfm-gn-hm-°n-bm¬ thZm\p-kr-X-am-bXv a\pkvar-Xn-bm-Wv. a‰p kar-XnIƒ thZm-\p-kr-X-a-√. a‰p hymP {KŸ-ßfp
sSbpw ÿnXn CXp Xs∂-bm-sW∂p a\- nem-°-Ww.
tNm:˛ Krl-ÿm-{iaw a‰m-{i-a-ß-tf-°mƒ
sNdptXm heptXm?
D: AXm-Xns‚ I¿Øhy I¿a-ßƒ t\m°nbm¬ Hmtcm∂pw t{ijvT-am-Wv. F∂m¬:˛
bYm \Zo-\Zmx kcvth kmKtc bm¥n
kwÿn-Xav. XssYhm{ianWx kcvth Krl
tÿ bm¥n kwÿn-Xav.. (a-\pkvarXn 6.90)
bYm hmbpw kam-{inXy hcvXt¥ kcvhP¥hx. XYm Krl-ÿ-am-{inXy hcvXt¥
k¿h B{iamx..
bkvamXv{Xtbm f ]ym{i-antWm Zmt\-\mt∂\ Nm\zlw. Krl-tÿ-ss\h [mcyt¥
Xkvam-tPy-jvTm-{itam Krlo.
k k‘mcyx {]b-Xvt\\ kzcvK-a-£b
an—Xm. kpJw tNtl-—Xm \nXyw tbm f
[mtcym Zpcv_te{µnssbx.. (a-\pkvarXn 3.77˛79)
-k-ap-{Z-Øn¬ hogpwapºv Aßp-anßpw HgpIp∂ sNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb \Zn-Iƒ kap-{Z-Ønse-Øp-∂t- Xm-Sp-IqSn ÿnc-Xsb t\Sp-∂p. AXpt]mse CXc B{i-a-ßƒ Krl-ÿm-{i-asØ
B{i-bn®p ÿncX t\Sp-∂p. Krl-ÿm-{i-a-ans√-¶n¬ a‰m-{i-a-ß-fp-an-√.
{_“-Nm-cn, hm\-{]-ÿ≥, kw\ymkn F∂o
aq∂m- { i- a - ß - f n- e p- ≈ - h ¿°v Znh- k hpw `£Whpw a‰pw \¬In \ne-\n¿Øp-∂Xv Krl-ÿ\m-I-bm¬ Krl-ÿm-{iaw tPyjvTm-{i-a-am-Wv.
F√m B{i-a-ß-fnepw sh®v [pc-‘-c-am-WsX∂p ]d-bp-∂p. sFln-I-kp-Jhpw tam£hpw
Imw£n-°p-∂-h¿ F¥p-sNbvXpw Krl-ÿm-{iasØ \ne-\n¿Ø-Ww. Zp¿_-te-{µn-b¿°pw
89
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
hm\-{]-ÿ -˛ -k-\ym-k-hn[n
òcp-°ƒ°pw _e-lo-\¿°pw \ne-\n¿Øp-hm≥
km[n-°mØ Krl-ÿm-{i-asØ `wKn-bmbn
kwc-£n-°-Ww. F√m euInI hrØn-I-fpsSbpw B{ibw Krl-ÿm-{i-a-am-Wv. Krl-ÿm{i-a-an-s√-¶n¬ k¥m-\-ß-fp-≠m-hn-√. At∏mƒ
{_“-N-cyw, hm\-{]-ÿw, kw\ymkw F∂o
B{i-a-ßƒ Fß-s\-bp-≠mIpw? Krl-ÿm-{iasØ \nµn-°p∂h≥ \nµy-\pw AXns\ {]iwkn-°p-∂-h≥ {]iw-k-\o-b-\p-am-Wv. F∂m¬
kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿ Ccp-h¿°pw Hcp t]mse ]ckv]-c-t{]aw, ]Tn-∏v, ]cn-{i-a-ioew, F√m {]hrØn-If
- nepw Adnhv F∂n-hb
- p-≠m-bm¬ am{Xta
Krl-ÿm-{iaw kpJ-{]-Z-am-hp-I-bp-≈q. Krlÿm-{i-a-ku-Jy-Øn\p apJy-Im-c-Ww, {_“-Ncyhpw ap≥sNm∂ kzbw-h-c-k-{º-Zm-b-Øn-ep≈
hnhm-l-hp-am-Wv.
kam-h¿Ø-\w, hnhm-lw, Krlÿm-{iaw
F∂o hnj-b-ß-sf-∏‰n Cu kap√m-k-Øn¬
C{Xbpw Npcp-°n-∏-d-™p. ASp-Ø-Xn¬ hm\{]-ÿw, kw\ymkw F∂n-h-sb-∏‰n Fgp-Xmw.
{ioa-Zv Zbm-\µ kc-kzXn kzman-I-fm¬
kam-h¿Ø-\˛hnhml˛-Kr-l-ÿm-{i-a
-hn-[n-Iƒ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂
\memw kap-√mkw Ign-™p.
90
A©mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
5
A©mw kap-√mkw
hm\-{]-ÿ-˛-kw\ym-k-hn[n
AY hm\-{]-ÿ-˛-kw\ym-k-hn[nw h£ymax
{_“-N-cym-{iaw kam]y Krlo-`-thXv Krlo
`qXzm h\o `th-Zz-\o-`qXzm {]{h-tPXv (i-X.
14) {_“-N-cym-{iaw Ign®v Krl-ÿm-{iaw
ssIs°m≠v ]n∂oSv hm\-{]-ÿm-{iaw kzoIcn-°p-Ibpw AXn-\p-tijw kw\ykn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂Xv F√m-h¿°pw DNn-X-am-Wv. CXmWv
B{i-a-hn-[n.
1. Ghw Krlm-{ita ÿnXzm hn[n-h-’
kvv\m-X-tIm-ZznPx, ht\ htkØp \nbtXm
bYm-hZzn-Pn-tX-{µnbx
2. Krl-ÿ-kvXp bZm ]tiy-Zz-eo-]-en-X-amfl\x. A]-Xy-sskyh Nm]Xyw XZm-cWyw
kam-{i-tbXv.
3. kwXyPy {Kmay-am-lmcw kcvhw ssNh
]cn-—Zvav, ]pt{Xjp `mcymw \nx£n]y h\w
Kt—’sslh hm.
4. A·n-tlm{Xw kam-Zmb Krlyw Nm·n]-cn-O-Zav, {Kmam-Z-cWyw \nx krXy \nh-tk∂n-b-tX-{µnbx.
5. ap\-y-ss∂cvhn hnss[cvtass≤yx imIaqe-^t- e\ hm FXm-t\h alm-b⁄
m-∂ncvht]-Zzn-[n-]qcvh-Iav. (a-\p. 6. 1˛5)
1. Cßs\ kv\mX-I-cmb ZznP-∑m¿˛ {_“Ncyw A\p- j v T n®p kam- h ¿Ø\w sNbv X
{_m“-W-£-{Xnb sshiy¿-˛-Kr-l-ÿm-{iaw
Ign™v Bfl-\n-b-{¥Ww C{µn-b-Pbw F∂nh-tbmSp IqSn h\-Øn¬ hkn-°-Ww.
2. Xs‚ Xe-apSn \c-s®∂pw Pc-h-s∂-∂pw
]u{X-\p-≠m-sb∂pw I≠m¬ Krl-ÿ≥ h\Øn¬ t]mbn ]m¿°-Ww.
3. {Kmao-Wm-lm-cw, hkv{X-ßƒ, D]-I-c-Wßƒ apX-emb hne-]n-Sn-∏p≈hIsf XyPn-®v,
]Xv\nsb ]p{Xs‚ kwc-£-W-bn-em°n Imńte°p ]pd-s∏-S-Ww. `mcysb Iqń-s°m-≠p-t]mhp-Ibpw sNømw.
4. A·n-tlm-{X-Øn-\p≈ F√m D]-I-c-Wßfp-sa-SpØv \mSp-hn´p Imń¬t]mbn C{µnb \n{Kl-tØmSp IqSn AhnsS ]m¿°-Ww.
5. Nma apX-emb [m\y-ßƒ, Ce-h¿K-ßƒ,
Ing-ßp-Iƒ, ImbvI-\n-Iƒ, ]pjv]-ßƒ F∂nh-I-fm¬ ap≥sNm∂ ]©-a-lm-b-⁄-ß-f-\pjv T n- ° - W w. Ah- s Im- ≠ p- X s∂ AXn- Y nk¬°m-c-hpw Atlm-hr-Ønbpw Ign-°-Ww.
1. kzm[ymtb \nXy-bp‡x kym±mt¥m
ssa{Xx kam-lnXx; ZmXm \nXy-a-\m-ZmXm
kcvh-`q-Xm-\p-I-ºI.
2. A{]-bXv\x kpJmcvt∞jp {_“-Nmco
[cm-ibx, ic-tW-jz-a-a-ssiv-Nh hr£-aq-e\n-tI-X\x (a-\p. 6.8.19)
1. ]Tn-°p-∂-Xnepw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xnepw kZm{i-≤m-]q¿∆w, Bfl-Pbw t\Sn, k¿h-an-{Xhpw
C{µn-b-tP-Xm-hpw, hnZym-Zm-Xmhpw Zbm-ephpw
A\ys‚ bmsXm∂pw kzoI-cn-°m-Ø-h-\p-ambn
hmg-Ww.
91
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
D:-˛ BsW∂pw As√∂pw hcmw.
tNm:-˛ c≠p-hn-[-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂-sX-ßs\?
D:-˛ c≠p hn[-Øn¬ ]d-™-X-√. _mey-ImeØp hnc-‡-\mb tijw hnj-b-kp-J-ß-fn¬
AI-s∏-Sp-∂-h≥ alm-]m-]nbpw AI-s∏-Sm-Xncn-°p∂h≥ alm ]pWy-hm-\mb kXv]p-cp-j\p-am-Wv. ""bZ-l-tch hnc-tP-Ø-Z-l-tch {]{htPXv h\m-Zzm,-Kr-lmZzm {_“-N-cym-tZh {]{htPXv.'' 1CXp {_m“-W-h-N-\-am-Wv. hnc‡n
D≠m-Ip-tºmƒ Xs∂, Krlÿm-{i-a-Øn¬
\nt∂m, hm\-{]-ÿ-Øn¬ \nt∂m, kw\ymkw
kzoI-cn®p sIm≈-Ww. apºp ]d™ kw\ymk-{I-a-Øn¬ A`n-{]m-b-t`-Z-ap≠v:-˛hm\-{]ÿw
kzoI-cn-®X
- n\p tijw kw\y-kn-°W
- s
- a∂v Hcp]£w; hm\-{]ÿw ssIs°m-f-fmsX Krlÿm-{i-aØ
- n¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ kw\y-kn-°m-sa∂p
as‰mcp ]£w, ]q¿W sshZpjyw kºm-Zn-®h\pw, hnj-b-kp-J-Øn¬ CNvObn-√m-Ø-h\pw,
]tcm-]-Imc Xev]-c-\p-amb ]qcq-j\v {_“-Ncym-{i-a-Øn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ kw\ymkw kzoIcn- ° m- s a∂p aq∂mw ]£w. thZ- ß - f nepw
""bXbx {_m“-Wky hnPm-\Xx"" F∂p XpSßnb ]Z-ßsfs°m≠v kw\ymkw hn[n-®n-´p≠v. F¶nepw:-˛
\mhn-ctXm ZpivNcn-Xm-∂m-imt¥m \mk-amlnXx. \mim-¥-am-\tkm hm]n {]Pv-Rm-t\ss\-\-am-]v\p-bm-Xv. (IT. D. 2. 33.)
Zpcm-Nm-cn-bpw im¥-kz-`m-h-an-√m-Ø-h-\pw tbm- K - k n- ≤ n- b n- √ m- Ø - h - \ pw im¥- N n- Ø \√mØh\pambh≥ kw\y-kn-®mepw {]⁄m\Øm¬ ]c- a m- fl m- h ns\ {]m]n- ° p- ∂ - X - √ .
AXn-\m¬ :-˛
bNvtOZzm-Mva-\ko {]m⁄ kvXZyNvtOZv
⁄m\- B - fl \o ⁄m\- a m- fl \n alXn
\obNvtOØ-ZyNvtO NvOm¥-B-fl-\o.(-I-T.D.3.13)
_p≤n- a m- \ mb kw\ymkn hm°v , - a - \ kv
F∂nhsb A[¿Ω-Øn¬ \n∂-I‰n ⁄m\Ønepw Bflm-hnepw Dd-∏n-°Ww. ]ns∂ B
⁄m\-tØbpw Bflm-hn-t\bpw Cuiz-c-\n¬
2. ico-c-kp-J-Øn-\mbn hfsc A≤zm-\n°msX {_“- N m- c n- b m- b n- ˛ - ` mcy Hcp- a n- ® ps≠¶nepw hnj-b-kpJw A\p-`-hn-°m-sX \neØp- I n- S - ∂ p- d - ß p- I bpw B{in- X - c p- t StXm
kz¥tam Bb H∂nepw aa-X-bn-√msX ac-®ph-ń¬ ]m¿°p-Ibpw thWw.
X]x-{it≤ tb lyp]-h-k-¥y-ctWy
im¥m hnZzmwtkm ss`£-Ncymw Nc¥x.
kqcy-Zzm-tcW tX hncPmx {]bm¥n
b{Xmf-arXx k ]pcptjm lyhy-bm-flm.
(ap-WvU. D. 2. 11)
X] p sNbvXpw [¿a-a\
- p-jvTn®pw kXysØ
k{i≤w c£n®pw `n£m-∂-Øm¬ \nXy-hrØn
Ign®pw im¥-Nn-Øcpw hnZzm-∑m-cp-am-b-h¿ h\Øn¬ hkn®v \nXy-\pw em`-tN-X-c-ln-X-\pw
]q¿W-]p-cp-j-\p-amb ]c-am-flm-hns\ \n¿a-e-cmbn, {]mW-\n-eqsS {]m]n-®v, ]c-am-\-µ-a-\p-`-hn°p-∂-h-cmbn `hn-°p-∂p.
A`ym -Z-[man kan-[-at· {hX-]tX Xzbnw
{hXwN {i≤mw tNmss]- a ot‘ Xzm
Zo£ntXmAlav (b-Pp. 20. 24)
""A·n-tlm{Xw sNbvXp Zo£n-X\
- mbn Rm≥
{hXw kXym- N - c Ww {i≤ F∂n- h sb
{]m]n°pw'' F∂n-ßs\ k¶-ev]n-®p-sIm≠v
hm\-{]-ÿm-{iaw kzoI-cn-°W
- w. hnhn-[X
- ]
- - pI-fmepw kXv-kw-Kw, tbmKm`ymkw NnØ-ip≤n
F∂n-h-bmepw \n¿a-e⁄m\w kºm-Zn-°-Ww.
kw\y-kn-°p-hm≥ C—-bp-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ `mcysb
]p{X-∑mcpsS ASp-°-te-°-b-®n´v kw\y-kn-°Ww. Npcp-°-Øn¬ CXmWv hm\-{]-ÿm-{i-ahn[n.
AY kw\ymk-hn[nx
ht\jp N hnlr-ssXyhw XrXobw `mKam-bpjx NXpcvY-am-bptjm `mKw Xy‡zm
kwKm≥ ]cn-{h-tPXv (a-\p. 6. 33)
Bbp-kns‚ aq∂m-asØ `mKw-˛-A-º-Xp-apX¬ Fgp-]-Ø-©p- hb-kp-hsc ˛ hm\-{]-ÿ\m-bn-cp∂ tijw Bbp-kns‚ \mem-asØ `mKØn¬ k¿h- k w- K - ß - t fbpw ]cn- X y- P n- ® v ,
kw\ym-kn-bm-I-Ww.
tNm:-˛ Krl-ÿhpw hm\-{]-ÿhpw kzoIcn-°msX kw\ym-km-{iaw kzoI-cn-°p-∂Xp
]m]-amtWm?
1 Pm_m-tem-]\
- n-jØv 4˛mw JWvUØ
- n¬
]mT-Øn\p {Ia-t`-Z-tØmsS Cu hN\w ImWmw.
* EtKzZw 8.6.18
92
A©mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
Dd- ∏ n®p \n¿Øp- I bpw B hn⁄m\sØ
im¥- k zcq- ] - a mb Bflm- h n¬ ÿnc- a mbn
{]XnjvTn°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww.
]co-£y-temIm≥ Icva-Nn-Xm≥ {_m“
tWm \n¿th-Z-am-bm-∂m-kvXy-IrXx IrtX\
XZzn⁄m-\mcvYw k Kpcp-ta-hm-`n-KNvtOXv
kan-Xv]mWnx t{im{Xnbw {_“-\n-jvTav (ap.D.1.2.12)
euInI kpJ- ß - s f√mw I¿aw sIm≠p
kºm-Zn-®-Xm-sW-∂-dn™v {_m“-W≥-˛-kw-\ymkn-˛-hnc-‡-\m-I-Ww. AIr-X-amb (I¿aØn¬
\n∂p- ≠ m- b - X - √ m- Ø ) Cuiz- c s\ I¿aw
sIm≠p am{Xw {]m]n-°pI km[y-a-√. AXn\m¬ Kpcp-hn-\¿∏n-°p-hm≥ Aev]-sa-s¥-¶n-epam-bn,-hn-Zym-k-º-∂-\pw -ssZ-h-⁄\p-amb Kpcphns‚ ASpØv ⁄m\w kºmZn°phm≥ t]mIWw. AhnsSs®∂v kI-e-kw-i-b-ßƒ°pw
\nhrØn hcp- Ø - W w. F∂m¬ Hcp\mfpw
kwk¿Kw sNø-cp-Xm-Ø-h-sc-∏‰n ]dbmw:˛
1. Ahn-Zy-bm-a-¥tc hcvØ-am\mx
kzbw [ocmx ]WvUn-X-Ω-\y-am\mx
PMvL-\y-am\x ]cn-b¥n aqVm
At‘-ss\h \nb-am\m bYm-‘mx.
2. Ahn-Zymbmw _lp[m hcvØa
- m\m hbav
IrXm¿Ym CXy-`n-a-\y-¥n-_memx
bXvIcvantWm \ {]th-Z-b¥n cmKmXv
tX\m-Xp-cmx- £o-W-tem-Im-›y-h-t¥.
(-ap.D.1.2.8,9)
1.- A - ⁄ m- \ - Ø n¬ can- ® v , - k zbw [occpw
]Wv U n- X - c p- a mbn Na- ™ v - A - ` n- a m- \ n--° p∂
aqV∑m¿- A- t [m- K - X nsb {]m]n- ° p- ∂ p.
A‘≥am¿ \bn-°p-∂ -A‘≥am-sc-t∏mse
Ahsc ]n¥p-S-cp-∂-h¿ At\-I-Zpx-J-ßƒ A\p`-hn-°p-∂p.
2. Ahn- Z y- b n- ¬ _lp- h n- t [\ hnl- c n®v
IrXm¿∞-c m-s W∂v kzbw A`n-am-\n- ° p∂
_me-_p-≤n-Iƒ°p ⁄m\-ap-≠m-Ip-hm≥ I¿aIm-WvUm-\p-bm-bn-Ifpw cmK-Øm¬ tamln-X-cpam- b - h ¿°p km[ya- √ . AXn- \ m¬ Ah¿ 2
BXp-c-cmbn P\-\-a-c-W-Zpx-J-Øn¬ hoWp-g-ep∂p. AXn-\m¬:˛
thZm-¥-hn-⁄m-\-kp-\n-›n-XmcvYmx
kw\ym-k-tbm-Km-ZyXbx ip≤-kXzm
tX {_“-tem-tIjp ]cm-¥-Imte
]cm-arXx ]cn-ap-Ny¥n kcvth
(ap-WvU. D. 2.6)
thZm-¥-Øn‚˛ Cuizc {]Xn-]m-Zn-X-amb
thZ-a-{¥-ß-fp-sS-˛-A¿∞-⁄m\w sIm≠pw
BNmcw sIm≠pw kpZr-V-amb kw\ym-k-tbmK-Øm¬ NnØ-ip-≤n-bp-≠mb kw\ym-kn-am¿ ]cam-flm-hn¬ tam£-kpJw {]m]n-®v, B\-µ-a-\p`-hn-®-Xn-\p-ti-jw, tam£-kp-J-Øns‚ Ah[n
]q¿W-am-Ip-tºmƒ ho≠pw kwkm-c-_-‘Øn¬ FØp-∂p. tam£w sIm≠-√msX as‰m∂n-\mepw ZpxJw \in-°p-I-bn-√. Fs¥-∂m¬:˛
\ ssh kicocky kXx {]nbm-{]n-b-tbmc-]-l-Xn-ckvXy icocw hmh-k¥w \ {]nbm{]ntb kv]riXx (Om-tµm-Kyw) 3
tZl-[m-cn°v kpJ-Zpx-J-ß-fn¬ \n∂p thdnń-cn-°m≥ km[y-a-√. ico-c-c-ln-X-\mb Pohmflmhp tam£-Øn¬ k¿h-hym-]n-bmb k¿thiz-c-t\m-Sp-IqSn ip≤-\mbn hkn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬
kmwkmcnI kpJ-Zpx-J-ßƒ AXns\ kv]¿in°p-I-bn-√. AXn-\m¬:˛
]pss{X-j-Wm-bm› hnssØ-j-Wm-bm›
temssIjWmbm› hyp∞m- b m- Y `n- £ mNcyw Nc-¥n. 4 (i-X-]Yw 14)
temI- _ - l p- a m\hpw em`- h pw [\w
sIm≠p≈ kpJ-hpw am\y-Xb
- pw ]p{Xm-Zn-If
- n¬
tamlw CXymZn shSn™v kw\ymknam¿ `n£p°-fmbn cm]-I¬ tam£-km-[-\-bn¬ XXv]-ccm-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
{]mPm-]Xymw \ncq-t]yjvSow Xkymw kcvh-thZ kwlpXzm {_m“Wx {]{h-tPXv (bPp¿thZ{_m“-Ww) 5
{]Pm-]Xymw \ncq-t]yjvSow kcvh-th-Z-k-Z£nWmw; Bfl- \ y- · o≥k- a m- t cm- ] y- { _mlvaWx {]{h-tPZv KrlmXv
3 Omtµm D 8.12.1
4 iX-]Yw 14. 6. 4.1
5 \ymb-kq-{X-ßf
- psS hm’ym-b\ `mjy (4, 1˛61-˛62)-Øn¬
CXv {]Pm-]-Xym-anjvSnw \ncq]y Xkymw kcvh-th-Zkw
lpXm Bflm\y \o≥K kam-tcm]y {_m“Wx {]{htPXv F∂v D≤r-Xa
- m-Wv.
2 kz¿Km-Zn-I-fn-—n®v b⁄w apX-emb
kIm-a-I¿am-\p-jvTm-\-ß-fn¬
BXp-c-cm-b-h-sc-∂¿Yw.
93
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
tbm ZXzmkcvh-`q-tX`yx {]{h-P-Xy-`bw
KrlmXv Xky tXtPm-abm temIm-`-h¥n
{_“-hm-Zn\x (a-\p. 6.38.39)
{]Pm-]-Xn-sb˛ Cuiz-cs\ {]m]n-°p-hm≥
b⁄-a-\p-jvTn®v B b⁄-Øn¬ ]qWq¬;
inJ apX- e mb Nn”- ß - s f√mw Dt]- £ n- ® v ,
Bl- h - \ obw XpS- ß nb A©v A·n- I sf
{]mW≥, A]m-\≥, hym\≥, DZm-\≥, kam-\≥
F∂o A©v {]mW- ß - f n¬ Btcm- ] Ww
sNbvXv {_“-⁄m-\n-bmb {_m“-W≥ hoSpsh-Sn™v kw\ym-kn-bm-I-Ww.
kIe {]mWn-Iƒ°pw A`bw \¬In hoSpsh-Sn™v kw\y-kn-°p∂ {_“-hm-Zn-°v-˛-Cu-izc-{]-Im-in-X-amb thZ-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂
[¿amZn hnZy-I-fp-]-tZ-in-°p∂ kw\ym-kn-°v-˛{]-Im-ia
- b
- a
- mb AXm-bXv tam£m-\µ
- c
- q-]n-bmb
temIw e`n-°p-∂p.
tNm:˛ kw\ym-kn-bpsS [¿Ωw F¥mWv?
D:˛ ]£-]m-X-c-ln-X-amb \ymbm-N-c-Ww,
kXy-{K-l-Ww, Ak-Xy-Xym-Kw, thtZm-‡-amb
Cuiz-cm⁄sb A\pkcn°p-I, ]tcm-]-Imcw
sNøpI kXyw ]d-bp-I, F∂n-h-sb-√mw, CXc
B{i-a-ß-fn-ep-≈-h¿°pw, a\p-jy¿°p s]mXpshbpw hn[n- ® n- c n- ° p- s ∂- ¶ nepw kw\ym- k nam¿°v hntij hn[n-bmb [¿a-ßƒ ]d-bmw.
1. ZpjvSn-]qXw \ytk-Xv]mZw hkv{X-]qXw
Pew ]nt_X.v kXy-]qXmw htZ-ZzmNw a\x]q-Xw-k-am-N-tc-Xv.
2. {Ip≤y¥w \ {]Xn {Ipt[yZm {IpjvSx
Ipiew htZXv. k]vX-Zzm-cm-h-IocvWmw N \
hmN-a-\rXmw htZ-Xv.
3. A[ym-fl-c-Xn-cm-kot\m \nc-t]t£m
\ncm- a njx. Bfl- s s\h klm- t b\
kpJmcvYo hnN-tc-Zn-l.
4. ¢r]vX-tI-i-\-J-iva-{ipx ]m{Xo-ZWvUo
Ipkpw- ` - h m≥. hnN- t c- ∂ n- b tXm \nXyw
kcvh`q-Xm\y ]oU-b≥.
5. C{µnbm-Wmw \ntcm-t[\ cmK-tZz-j-£tbW N. Alnw-kbm N `qXm-\m-a-ar-X-Xzmb
Iev]tX.
6. ZqjntXmf]n Ntc≤cvaw b{X X{Xm-{ita
cXx. kax kcvthjp `qtXjp \ enwKw [cva-
Im-c-Wav.
7. êw IX-I-hr-£ky bZy]yw_q-{]-kmZ-Iav. \ \ma-{K-l-Wm-tZh Xky hmcn {]koZ-Xn.
8. {]mWm-bmam {_m“-W-ky -{X-tbmf]n
hn[n-h-XvIrXmx. hymlrXn {]W-ssh-cyp-‡m
hnt⁄bw ]caw X]x.
9. Zlyt¥ [vamb-am-\m\w [mXq\mw ln
bYm aemx. XtY-{µn-bmWmw Zlyt¥ tZmjmx
{]mWky \n{K-lmXv.
10. {]mWm-bm-ssacvZ-tl-t±m-jm≥ [mc-Wm`n› Inev_njav. {]Xym-lm-tcW kwkcvKm≥
[ymt\-\m-\o-iz-cm≥ KpWm≥.
11. D®m-htNjp `qtXjp Zpcvt⁄-bm-a-IrXm-fl`nx. [ym\-tbm-tK\ kw]-tiyZv KXn-akym-¥-cm-fl\x.
12. Alnw-kt- b-{µn-bm-kM
- vssKcvssh-Zn-ssIss›h Icva`nx. X]-k-›-c-ssW-t›m-ss{Kkm-[-b-¥o-l -XXv]Z-av.
13. bZm `mth\ `hXn kcv h - ` m- t hjp
\nkv]rlx. XZm kpJ-a-hm-]vt\mXn t{]Xy
tNl N imiz-Xav.
14. NXpcv`n-c]n ssNh-ssXcv\n-Xy-am-{i-an`ncvZznssPx. Zi-e-£-WtIm [cvax tkhnXhyx {]b-Xv\Xx
15. [rXnx £am Ztamf-kvtXbw iuN-an{µn-b-\n-{Klx. [o¿hn-Zym- k-Xy-a-t{Imt[m
ZiIw [cva e£-W-av.
16. At\\ hn[n\m kcvhmw kvXy‡zmkw- K mRv O ss\x iss\x. kcv h - Z z- µ z- h n\ncvapt‡m {_“tWyhm-h-Xn-jvTtX (a-\p.
6) 6
1. kw\ymkn hgn-bn¬ IqSn \S-°p-tºmƒ
Aßp-anßpw t\m°msX Xmsg t\m°n \S°-Ww. kZm ap≠p sIm≠v Acn® sh≈w IpSn°-Ww. kZm kXyw kwkm-cn-°-Ww. CS-hnSmsX a\-\wsNbvXv kXysØ {Kln®v AkXysØ XyPn-°-Ww.
2. A\y- t cmSp kwkm- c n- ° p- t ºmtgm
A\y¿°p-]-tZiw \¬Ip-tºmtgm Bsc-¶nepw
6 a\p. 6˛mw A[ymbw 46, 48, 49, 52, 60, 66, 67, 70,
73, 75, 80, 91, 92, 81 F∂o-{I-a-Øn¬ t«mI-ßƒ
94
A©mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
tIm]n-°p-Itbm \nµn-°p-Itbm sNbvXm¬
kw\ymkn Ah-tcmSp tIm]n-°msX Ah¿°p
t{ib- p-≠m-IØ
- ° D]-tZiw \¬IpI am{Xta
sNøm-hq. hmbv, c≠p \mkm-Zzm-c-ßƒ, c≠p
IÆp-Iƒ, c≠p sNhn-Iƒ F∂n-ßs\ Ggp
Zzmc-ß-fn-eqsS hym]n-°p∂ hm°ns\ Hcn°epw anYy-bm-sb-Æ-cp-Xv.
3. X∂nepw ]c-am-flm-hnepw ÿnc-ambn can®v
B{K- l - ß ƒ shSn- ™ v , aZy- a mw- k m- Z n- I ƒ
h¿÷n®v Bflm-hns‚ klm-b-Øm¬ am{Xw
e`n-°p∂ kpJ-Øn¬ A`n-e-jn®v [¿aw, hnZy
F∂n-h-bpsS A`n-hr-≤n°p tN¿∂ D]-tZ-ißƒ \¬In-s°m≠v Cu temI-Øn¬ k©-cn°-Ww.
4. \Jw apdn-®v, apWvU\w sNbvXp Ia-WvUephpw ZWvUpw ssIøn-te-¥n, Imhn ap°nb
hkv{X-ßf
- p-Sp-Øv, \n›n-Xm-flm-hm-bn, Hcp Pohnsbbpw ]oUn-∏n-°m-sX, kw\ymkn k¿h{X
k©-cn-°-Ww.
5. C{µn-b-ßsf A[¿a-Øn¬ \n∂-I‰n cmKtZz-j-ß-fn-√msX kI-e-Po-hn-I-tfmSpw sshcw
shSn™v h¿Øn- ® v, tam£- k - º m- Z \
kma¿∞ysØ h¿≤n-∏n-°-Ww.
6. GsX-¶nepw Hcp B{i-a-ÿ-\mb ]pcpj≥-˛-C-hnsS kw\ym-kn-˛-B-sc-¶nepw Xs∂
Zpjn-°p-Itbm kvXpXn-°p-Itbm sNbvXmepw
k¿h-Po-hn-I-tfmSpw ]£-]m-X-an-√msX s]cpamdn kzbw [¿a-a-\p-jvTn®v A\y-∑msc [¿am\p-jvTm-\-X¬]-c-cm-°-Ww. ZWvUv, Ia-WvU-ep,
Imjm-b-hkv{Xw apX-em-bh [cn-®-Xp-sIm≠v
[¿a-ap-≠m-hp-I-bn-s√∂pw a\p-jy¿°pw CX-cPo- h n- I ƒ°pw kXy- a p- ] - t Z- i n®pw hnZy
\¬Inbpw D∂-Xn-bp-≠m-°p-∂-XmWv kw\ymkn-bpsS {][m\ [¿a-sa-∂pw Adn-b-Ww.
7. tX‰m-º-c¬ s]mSn®p Ie-°-sh-≈-Øn-en´m¬ sh≈w sXfn-bpw. ]t£ AXp s]mSn-®nSmsX tX‰m-º-c-se∂p ]d-™-Xp-sIm-t≠m
tI´-Xp-sImt≠m Ie-°-sh≈w sXfn-bp-I-bn√.
8. AXn-\m¬, {_m“-W≥-˛-{_-“-⁄m-\nbmb kw\ym-kn˛ HmwIm-c-tØmSpw k]vX-hymlr-Xn-I-tfmSpw IqSn hn[n-{]-Imcw bYm-i‡n
{]mWm- b maw sNø- W w. Hcn- ° epw aq∂p
{]mWm-bm-a-Øn¬ Ipd-b-cp-Xv. CXp Xs∂-bmWv
Hcp kw\ym-kn-bpsS ]c-a-amb X]- v.
9. Fs¥-∂m¬; Xobn¬ Dcp-°nb temlß-fnse amen\yw \oßn-t∏m-Ip-∂-Xp-t]mse
{]mW-\n-{KlØm¬ a\-kn-sebpw a‰n-{µn-b-ßfn-sebpw tZmj-ßƒ `kva-am-bn-t∏m-Ip-∂p.
10. AXn- \ m¬, kw\ym- k n- a m¿ Znh- t k\
{]mWm-bm-a-Øm¬ Bflm-hv, A¥x-I-c-Ww,
C{µn-b-ßƒ F∂n-h-bnse tZmj-ßƒ, [mcW- b m¬ ]m]- ß ƒ, {]Xym- l mcw sIm≠p
kwk¿K-tZm-jw, [ym\w-sIm≠v A\o-iz-c-Kp-Wß-fmb kpJ-Zpx-J-ßƒ, A⁄m\w XpS-ßnb
Pohm-flm-hns‚ tZmj-ßsf `kva-am-°n-°-f-bWw.
11. hnZzm-∑mcpw tbmKn-If
- p-a√
- m-Øh
- ¿°v Ahnt⁄-b-am-bXpw sNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb kakvX
hkvXp-°-fn-ep-ap≈ k¿th-iz-c-hym-]vXn-tbbpw
Pohm-flm-hn-s‚bpw A¥-cym-an-bmb k¿th-izc-s‚bpw KXn-tbbpw [ym\w sIm≠v Adn-bWw.
12. F√m Pohn- I - t fmSpw sshc- a n- √ msX
h¿Øn-°p-I, C{µn-b-ßsf hnj-b-ß-fn¬ \n∂v
AI-‰p-I, thmtZm-‡I
- ¿ahpw AXyp{K--amb X]›-cybpw F∂n-h-bm¬ Cu temI-Øn¬ ap≥]d™ hn[-Øn-ep≈ kw\ym-kn-am¿°p am{Xta
tam£- ] Zw {]m]n- ° p- h m\pw a‰p- ≈ - h ¿°v
AXns\ kºm-Zn®p sImSp-°p-hm\pw km[n-°pI-bp-≈q. a‰m¿°pw km[n-°p-I-bn-√.
13. kw\ymkn kIe `mh-ß-fnepw \nxkv]rl-\m-bn-cp∂v _mlym-`y-¥chrØn-I-sf√mw
kZv`m-h\
- b
- m¬ ]cn-ip-≤a
- m-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬
am{Xta Cl-Ønepw ]c-Ønepw \nc-¥-c-kpJw
e`n-°q.
14. AXp-sIm≠v {_“-Nm-cn, Krl-ÿ≥, hm\{]-ÿ≥, kw\ymkn F∂n-h-sc√mw XpS¿∂p
]d- b p∂ Zi- e - £ - W - b p- ‡ - a mb [¿asØ
k{i≤w A\p-jvTn-°-Ww.
15. H∂m-asØ e£-Ww˛ ([r-Xnx) F√mbvt]mgpw ss[cyw thWw. c≠v˛ (£-am)-\n-µ,
kvXpXn, am\w, A]-am-\w, em`w, \jvSw XpSßn
ZpxJ-ß-fn¬ t]mepw kl-\-io-ew. aq∂v˛ (Zaw)
a\-kns\ A[¿a-Øn¬ \n∂-I‰n kZm [¿a-hr-Øn-bn¬ h®v. A[¿ta-—-t]mepw C√m-Xm°p-I, \mev ˛ (A-kvtX-bw) I≈w, Im]-Syw,
95
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
tNm:˛ kw\ym-k-Øn\p {_mlvaW¿°p
am{Xta hn[n-bpt≈m? AtXm £{Xn-bm-Zn-Ifp-sSbpw [cva-amtWm?
D:˛ kw\ym-k-Øn\v {_m“-W\p am{Xta
A[n- I mcw D≈q. F√m PmXn- I - f nepw
]q¿WhnZzm-∑m-cpw, [m¿an-Icpw ]tcm-]-Im-c-Xev]-cp-amb P\-ß-fpsS t]cmWv {_m“-W¿
F∂- X v . ]q¿W- s sh- Z p- j yw, [¿a- X - e v ] - c - X ,
Cuiz-c-\n-jvT, hnc-‡n, F∂n-h-bn-√m-Ø-h¿
kw\y-kn-°p-∂Xp sIm≠v temI-Øn\v ]d-bØ° D]-Im-c-sam∂pw e`n-°p-I-bn-√. AXn\m¬ {_m“-W-\-√msX a‰m¿°pw kw\ym-kØn\v A[n-Im-c-an-s√∂p temI¿ ]d-bm-dp-≠v.
a\p-kvar-Xn-bn¬ AXn\v {]am-W-hm-Iy-hp-ap≠v:˛
Gj thmf`n-lntXm [cvtam {_m“-Wky
NXpcvhn[x. ]ptWym-f£-b-êx t{]Xy cmP[cvaw \nt_m-[-X. (a\p. 6. 97)
alm-\mb a\p ]d-bp∂p:˛ ""A√tbm EjnP-\-ß-tf, {_“-N-cyw, Km¿l-ÿyw, hm\-{]ÿw, kw\ymkw F∂o \mev B{i-a-ßƒ
kzoI-cn-°p-∂Xv {_m“-Ws‚ [¿a-am-Wv. ClØn¬ ]pWy-cq-]-am-bXpw, ]c-Øn¬ tam£sa∂ A£-bm-\-µ-sØbpw \¬Ip-∂-XmWv
kw\ym-k-[¿aw. C\n Rm≥ ]d-bp∂ cmP-[¿asa-s¥∂v tIƒ°p-hn≥"" kw\ymkw kzoI-cn°p- h m≥ {_m“- W - \ mWv A[n- I m- c - s a∂pw
£{Xn-bm-Zn-Iƒ°v {_“-N-cym-{i-a-Ønt\ A[nIm-c-ap-ffp F∂pw kn≤n°p∂p.
tNm:˛ F¥n-\mWv kw\ymkw kzoI-cn-°p∂Xv? 7
D:˛ ico-c-Øn¬ inc-s -∂-hÆw NXp-cm-{ia-ßf
- n¬ kw\ym-khpw AXy-¥m-t]-£n-Xa
- m-Wv.
kw\ym-km-{i-a-an-s√-¶n¬ hnZym, [¿aw F∂nh, Hcn°epw A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. a‰p aq∂m{i-a-ß-fn-ep-f-f-h¿°pw hnZym-≤y-b-\w, Krl-IrXy-\n¿h-l-Ww, X]ivNcy F∂n-h-bp-f-f-Xn\m¬ hfsc Ipd®p ka-bta Hgnhp e`n-bv°p.
a‰p aq∂m- { i- a - ° m¿°pw ]£- ] m- X - a n- √ msX
s]cp-am-dm≥ {]mbm-k-am-Wv. k¿hYm kzX-{¥\mb kw\ym-kn°v km[n-°p-∂{X temtIm-]Imcw sNøp-hm≥ CXc B{i-a-°m¿°p Ignbp-I-bn-√. kXy-hn-Zy-bm¬ ]Zm¿∞-hn-Pv-Rm\w
hnizm-k-h-©\ apX-em-b-h-bmtem thZ-hn-cp-≤amb D]-tZiw sImt≠m A\ys‚ hkvXp-°sf
A]- l - c n- ° p- ∂ Xp Nucy- s a∂p ]d- b p- ∂ p.
NucysØ XyPn- ° p- ∂ - X mWv Akv t Xbw;
A©v˛ (iu-Nw) cmK-tZz-j-ßƒ ]£-]mXw
apX-emb at\m-tZm-j-ß-fn¬ \n∂-I‰n B`y¥-c-amb ]cn-ip-≤n-bpw sh≈w, aÆv apX-em-bh-bm¬ tX®p-Ig- pIn _mly-]c
- n-ip-≤nbpw kºmZn-°p-I. Bdv˛ (C-{µn-b-\n-{K-lw) C{µn-b-ßsf
A[¿am-N-c-W-Øn¬ \n∂-I‰n [¿a-\n-c-X-am°p-I. Ggv˛ ([ox) amZ-I-{Z-hy-ßfpw _p≤n-\mi-I-amb el-cn-Ifpw ioen-°p-I, Zp¿P-\-kwk¿Kw, aSn, {]amZw apX- e mb tZmj- ß ƒ
XyPn®v t{ijv T - h - k v X p- ° - f psS D]- t bm- K w,
k÷-\-kw-k¿§w tbmKm-`ymkw F∂n-h-bm¬
_p≤nsb h¿≤n-∏n-°p-I, F´v˛ (hn-Zym) ]rYnhn
apX¬ k¿th-iz-c≥h-sc-bp≈ ]Zm¿∞-ßf
- psS
bYm¿∞-⁄m\w t\Sn B ⁄m\sØ bYmtbmKyw D]- t bm- K n- ° p- I bpw kXysØ
ap≥\n¿Øn {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNbvI, Bflmhn-te-Xp-t]mse a\- n-epw a\- n-t√-Xp-t]mse
hm°n-epw hm°n-te-Xp-t]mse {]hr-Øn-bnepw
sNbvI CXmWv hnZy. CXn\p hn]-co-X-sa√mw
Ahn-Zy-bm-Wv. HºXv ˛ (k-Xyw) Hcp hkvXp
Fß- s \- b mtWm Aß- s \- X s∂ AXns\
Adn-bp-Ibpw ]d-bp-Ibpw {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-I. ]Øv˛ (A-t{Im-[x) tZzjw apX-emb
tZmj-ß-f-I‰n im¥X apX-emb KpW-ßsf
kzoI-cn-°p-I. Cßs\ ]Øp e£-W-ß-fp≈
[¿asØ ]£-]m-X-an-√msX \ymb-ambn \mev
B{i- a - ß - f n- e p- ≈ - h cpw A\p- j v T n- ° - W w.
F∂m¬ Cu thtZm-‡-[¿asØ kzbw A\pjvTn-°p-Ibpw A\ysc D]-tZ-in®v A\p-jvTn-∏n°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv kw\ym-kn-am¿°p hn[n®
hntij [¿a-am-Wv.
16. Cßs\ Aev]m-ev]-ambn kwK-tZm-j-ßsf-sb√mw AI‰n l¿jw, timIw XpS-ßnb
hn]-coX `mh-ßsf C√m-Xm-°nb kw\ymkn
{_“-Øn¬ ebn-°p-∂p. Krl-ÿ¿°pw as‰√m-h¿°pw kI-e-hn[ {]hr-Øn-I-fnepw kXy\n¿Æbw hcp-Øn-s°m-Sp-Øv, Ahsc A[¿a{]-hr-Øn-I-fn¬ \n∂v tamNn-∏n®v kI-e-hn[
kwi- b - \ n- h m- c Ww hcpØn Ahsc kXyw
[¿aw F∂n- h - b v ° - \ p- k - c n® I¿a- ß - f n¬
{]h¿Øn-∏n-°p-∂Xv kw\ym-kn-bpsS {][m-\amb I¿Ø-hy-am-Wv.
7 Cu hnj-b-sØ-∏‰n \ymb-Z¿i\w 4˛1. 58-.61 s‚
hm’ym-b\
- `
- m-jy-Øn¬ N¿® sNbvXn-´p-≠v.
96
A©mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
∂-h-tcmSv "\obpw {_“-amWv; \ns∂ ]pWy]m-]-ßƒ kv]¿in-°p-I-bn√; Fs¥-∂m¬
iotXm-jvW-ßƒ ico-c-Øn-s‚-bpw, hni∏pw
Zmlhpw {]mW-s‚-bpw, kpJ-Zpx-Jßƒ a\kn-s‚-bpw [¿a-am-Wv. temIta anYy. euInI
hrØn-I-sf√mw `mh-\bpw Ak-Xy-hp-am-Ibm¬ AXn¬ s]´pg- e p- ∂ Xv _p≤n- b - √ .
]pWy-hpw ]m]hpw tZl-Øn-s‚bpw C{µn-bß-fp-tSbpw [¿a-amWv; Bflm-hn-t‚-X√''
F∂p-]-tZ-in-°pw. Cß-s\-bmWv kw\ym-knam¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. CXn¬ \n∂p hyXym-k-apff kw\ym-k-sØ-∏-‰n-bmWv Aßp ]d-bp-∂Xv. GXmWv kXyw. GXm-W-kXyw?
D:˛ Ah¿°p \√ Imcy-ß-sfm∂pw sNøphm-\n-s√t∂m? t\m°q! ""sshZn-ssIivssNh
Icva`nx'' 9F∂mWp a\p-hN
- \
- w. sshZn-II
- ¿aßƒ-˛-[¿am-\p-kr-Xhpw kXy-hp-am-b-I¿a-ßƒ˛-kw-\ym-kn-amcpw Ahiyw A\p-jvTn-°-W-sa∂m-Wn-Xn-\¿∞w. `£Ww hkv{Xw apX-em-bh
Dt]-£n-°p-hm≥ Ah¿°p Ign-bptam? AXpt]mepw Dt]-£n-°p-hm≥ i‡-c-√mØ Ah¿
t{ijvT-I¿a-ßƒ XyPn-°p-∂Xp sIm≠v ]XnXcpw ]m]n-I-fp-am-hp-I-bnt√? Krl-ÿ-cn¬
\n∂v `£Ww hkv{Xw apX-em-bh hmßp-Ibpw
Ah¿°v AXn\v {]Xyp-]-Imcw sNøm-Xn-cn-°pI-bp-am-sW-¶n¬ AXp alm-]m-]-at√? ImWpI-bpw tIƒ°pIbpw sNøm-Xn-cp-∂m¬ IÆpw
sNhnbpw sIm≠v {]tbm-P-\-an-√. AXp-t]mse
ktXym-]t-Ziw \¬Ip-Ibpw thZm-Zn-im-kv{Xß-fpsS a\-\hpw {]Nm-chpw \S-Øp-Ibpw
sNøm-Xn-cp-∂m¬ kw\ym-kn-am¿ temI-Øn\v
`mc-am-hp-Itb Df-fq. Ahn-Zy-bpsS kzcq-]-amb
{]]-©-sØ-∏‰n Nn¥n®p Xe-]p-I-bv°p-∂-sX¥n-s\∂v Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]d-bp-Ibpw a‰pw sNøp∂-h-cmWv anYybpw ]m]n-I-fpw. imco-cnI I¿aß-sf√mw Xs∂ Bflm-hns‚ I¿a-ß-fm-Wv.
Bflm-hmWv Ah-bpsS êw A\p-`-hn-°p-∂Xv. Pohm-flmhv {_“-am-sW∂p ]d-bp-∂-h¿
Ahn-Zy-bn¬ \n{Z-sIm-f-fp-∂p. Poh≥ Aev]\pw
Aev]-⁄-\p-am-bn-cns° {_“w k¿h-hym]nbpw k¿h-⁄-\p-am-Wv. {_“w \nXy ip≤_p-≤-ap‡ kz`m-hn-bm-sW-¶n¬ Pohm-flmhv,
Nnet∏mƒ ap‡\pw Nne-t∏mƒ _≤\pw BIp∂p. k¿h-hym-]nbpw k¿h-⁄-\p-amb {_“-
t\Sp-hm≥ kw\ym-kn°p e`n-°p-∂{X kabw
CXc B{i-an-Iƒ°p e`y-a-√. {_“-N-cy-Øn¬
\n∂p t\cn´p kw\ymkw kzoI-cn-®-bm-fn\v
kXy-in-£W
- Ø
- m¬ temI-Øn\v D≠m-°n-sImSp-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-{Xbpw A`n-hr-≤nbpw D∂Xnbpw Krl-ÿ-˛-hm-\-{]-ÿ-ßƒ°p-tijw
kw\y-kn-°p-∂-bm-fn\v t\Sn-s°m-Sp-°p-hm≥
km≤y-a-√.
tNm:˛ kw\ymkw kzoI-cn-°p-∂Xv Cuiztc-—bv°p hncp-≤-am-Wv. a\p-jy¿ h¿≤n-°W-sa-∂mWv Cuiz-tc-—. Krl-ÿm-{iaw kzoIcn- ° m- Ø - h \v k¥m\w D≠m- h p- I - b n- √ .
kw\ymkw apJy-am-sW∂v Icp-Xn, F√m-hcpw
kw\y-kn-®m¬ a\p-jys‚ hwi-\miw h∂pt]m-Ipw.
D:˛ icn, hnhm-ln-X-cmb At\Iw t]¿°v
k¥m-\-an-√. D≠mbn DS≥ \in-°p-∂p-ap-≠v.
AXpw Cuiz-tc-—bv°p hncp-≤-am-sW∂p hcpw.
""bXv t \- I rtX bZn - \ - k n- [ y- X n - t Imf{X
tZmjx"" 8 Fs∂mcp Ihn ]d- ™ n- ´ p- ≠ v ,
A¿∞w:˛""]cn-{i-an-®n´pw Imcy-kn≤n Cs√--¶nse¥p tZmjw? tZmj-an-s√-∂¿∞w"". F∂mWv
\nßƒ ]d-bp-∂-sX-¶n¬ Rm≥ tNmZn-°-s´,
Krl-ÿm-{i-an-Iƒ°v At\Iw k¥m-\-ß-ƒ
D≠m-hp-Ibpw Ah¿ ]c-kv]cw hntcm-[n®v
XΩn¬Ø√n acn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ F{X
henb hn]- Ø m- W Xv ? hncp- ≤ m- ` n- { ]mbw
\nanØw hfsc bp≤- ß - f p- ≠ m- I p- ∂ p- ≠ v .
kw\ymkn sshZn-I-[¿aw am{Xw D]-tZ-in®v ]ckv]c kvt\lw hf¿Øn-bm¬ e£-°-W-°n\m-fp-Iƒ c£-s]-Spw. Bbncw Krl-ÿ-sct∏mse a\p-jysc h¿≤n-∏n-°pw. hnj-b-kp-Jmk- ‡ nsb XyPn®v F√m a\p- j y¿°pw
kw\ymkw kzoI-cn-°m≥ Hcn-°epw km[y-a√. kw\ym-kn-amcpsS D]-tZiw sIm≠v [m¿anI-cmb a\p-jy-sc√mw kw\ym-kn-bpsS ]p{X∑mcmsW∂p hnNm-cn-°-Ww.
tNm:˛ ""Rßƒ°p I¿Ø-hy-sam∂pw C√.
`£-Whpw hkv{Xhpw `n£ hmßn B\-µambn Ign-bWw A{X-X-s∂. Ahn-Zym-cq-]nbmb kwkm-c-Øn¬ apßn Xe-th-Z-\-sb-¥n\p-≠m-°Ww? "Rm≥ {_“-amWv' F∂p hnNmcn®v k¥p-jvS\
- mbn Ign-bW
- w. D]-tZiw tXSp8 ]©-X{¥w an{X-t`Zw IY 4 t«mIw 217
9 a\p, 6/75
97
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
ßƒ h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. F∂m¬ Hcn-SØp
Xma-kn-°p-∂Xp sIm≠v hnhn[ D]-Im-c-ßƒ
D≠m-Ip-sa-¶n¬ Aßs\ sNø-Ww. P\-I-a-lmcm-Pm-hns‚bSpØv ]©-in-J-chpw a‰p kw\ymkn-amcpw B≠n¬ \∂mep amkw hoXw hfsc-°mew hkn-®n-cp-∂p. ""GI-cm{Xow htkXv
{Kmta''10 F∂Xv C°m-esØ I]-S-kw-\ym-knam-cpsS krjvSn-bm-Wv. A°q-´¿ Hcn-SØv A[nI-Imew Xma-kn-°p∂ ]£w Ah-cpsS s]m≈Øcw shfn-hm-Ipw. Ah¿°-[nIw hf-cp-hm≥
Akm-≤y-am-Ipw.
tNm:˛ ""bXo\mw Im©\w ZZym-Ømw-_qew
{_“-NmcnWmw. Nucm-W-ma-`bw ZZym-’ -\tcm- \ - c Iw {htP- X v '' 11 kw\ym- k n- a m¿°v
kz¿Ww Zm\w sNøp-∂-h≥ \cIw {]m]n-°psa-∂t√ CXn-\¿∞w?
D:˛ h¿Wm-{ia-hn-tcm-[n-I-fmb k{º-Zm-bnIfpw kzm¿∞-°S- e
- p-If
- mb ]ucm-Wn-Icpw IqSn
FgpXn hn´-Xm-Wn-Xv. kw\ym-kn-am¿°v ]Ww
Inń-bm¬ Xßsf FXn¿°p-hm≥ Ah¿ i‡nam-∑m-cm-Ip-sa∂pw Ah¿ Xßsf \in-∏n-°psa-∂pw, kw\ym-kn-am¿ Xßƒ°-[o-\-cm-bn-cn°-bmWv \√-sX∂pw Ah¿ Icp-Xp-∂p. `n£mZn- I - s f√mw Xß- f psS A[o- \ - Ø n- e m- b m¬
kw\ym-kn-am¿ `b-s∏-Spw. aqV¿°pw kzm¿∞nIƒ°pw Zm\w sNøp-∂Xp \√-Xm-sW-¶n¬ ]Tn∏p≈ ]tcm-]-Im-cn-I-fmb kw\ym-kn-am¿°v
Zm\w \¬Ip-∂-Xn¬ Hcp tZmj-hp-an-√. hnhn[m-\nN cXv\m\n hnhn-t‡-jq-]]
- m-Zt- b-Xv. 12
F∂mWp a\p- h - N - \ w, hnhn- [ - c - X v \ - ß fpw
kz¿Whpw [\hpw hnh-‡-∑m¿°v ˛kw-\ymkn-am¿°v˛ sImSp-°Ww F∂¿∞w. IqSmsX
\nßƒ ]d- ™ Xv A¿∞- a n- √ m- Ø - X mWp
Xm\pw. kw\ym-kn-am¿°p kz¿Ww sImSp-°p∂
ZmXmhv \c-I-Øn¬ t]mIp-sa-¶n¬ sh≈n,
apØv, h{Pw apX-em-bh sImSp-°p-∂-h≥ kz¿KØn¬ t]mIptam?
tNm:˛ aptº sNm√nb t«mI-Øn¬ ]niIp
Øn\v Hcn-°epw sXt‰m Ahn-Zytbm D≠m-hpI-bn-√. Poh\v ⁄m\hpw APv-Rm-\hpw amdn
amdn D≠m-Ip-∂p. {_“-Øn\v P\-\-a-c-W-ZpxJw
Hcn-°epw D≠m-Ip-∂n-√. Poh\v AXp-≠m-Ip∂p. AXn-\m¬ Poh\pw {_“hpw H∂m-sW∂
D]-tZiw anYy-bm-Wv.
tNm:˛ kw\ymkn k¿h-I¿a ]cn-Xym-Kn-bpw
A·n, temlw F∂nh sXmSp-Ib
- n-s√∂pw ]dbp-∂Xp icntbm sXt‰m?
D:˛ icn- b - √ . ""kayMv \nXy- a mkv t X
bkvan≥, bZzm kayMv \yky¥n ZpxJm\n
IcvamWn tb\ k kw\ymkx; k {]ikvtXm
hnZytX bky k kw\ymkn'' ZpjvI¿a-ßƒ
XyPn®v k’z-`m-h-tØm-Sp-IqSn h¿Øn-°p-∂-h\mWv kw\ym-kn. AXn-\m¬ kXvI¿a-ß-f\
-- pjvTn-°p-∂-h\pw ZpjvI¿a-ßsf Zqsc XyPn-°p∂-h-\p-amWv kw\ym-kn.
tNm:˛ A[ym-]\
- hpw D]-tZ-ihpw Krl-ÿm{i-a-°m¿ \S-Øp-∂p-≠v. ]ns∂ k\ym-kn-amsc-s°m≠v F¥mWp {]tbm-P\w?
D:˛ F√m-hcpw ktXym-]-tZiw sImSp-°pIbpw tIƒ°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww. ]t£ k\ymkn°v D≠m-Im-hp-∂-{Xbpw ka-b-hpw, ]£-]mX-an-√m-bvabpw Krl-ÿ\v D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. ]pcpj- ∑ m¿ ]pcp- j - ∑ m¿°pw kv { XoIƒ kv { Xo
Iƒ°pw D]-tZ-ihpw hnZybpw \¬tI-≠Xv
{_m“W-cpsS IS-a-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ Zqc-bm{X
\nc-¥cw sNøp-hm≥ kw\ym-kn°p In´p-∂{X
kuIcyw Krl-ÿc
- mb {_m“-W¿°p t]mepw
In´p- I - b n- √ . {_m“- W ¿ thZ- h n- c p- ≤ - a mbn
h√Xpw sNbvXm¬ Ahsc \nb-{¥n-t°-≠Xv
kw\ym- k n- b m- W v . AXn- \ m¬ kw\ymkw
DNnXw Xs∂.
tNm:˛ ""GI-cm{Xnw htkXv {Kmta'' 10
CXymZn hN-\-Øm¬ HcnSØv Hcp cm{Xn
am{Xta kw\ymkn hkn-°m-hq. IqSp-X¬
]mSn-√t√m?
D:˛ CXv Hs´m-cw-iØ
- n¬ \√-Xm-Wv. Hcn-SØp
Xs∂-]m¿Øm¬ temI¿°v henb D]-Im-csam∂pw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. Hcp ÿe-Øn-t\mSv
hnti-jm-`n-\n-thiw D≠m-hp-Ibpw cmK-tZz-j-
11 211-˛mw t]Pnse 10-˛m-asØ ASn-°p-dn∏v t\m°p-I.
12 eLp-]-cm-i-c-kvarXn 1/51 ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I.:˛
bXtb Im©\w ZXzm- X mw- _ qew {_“- N m- c ntW
Nutct`ymf]`bw ZXzm ZmXm f]n \cIw {htP-Xv. 12
a\p. 7, 6. [\m-\nXp bYm-i‡n hnt{]jp {]Xn-]m-Z-tbXv. thZ-hn-Xvkp-hn-hn-t‡jp t{]Xy kzcvKw ka-iv\ptX
CXp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I.
10 \mcZ ˛ ]cn-{hm-PI D]-\n-j-Øn¬ 4/14, KuXa
[¿a-kq{Xw 3 11, kw\ym-tkm-]-\n-jØv F∂o A{]m-amWnI {KŸ-ß-fn¬ Cu hN\w ImWmw.
98
A©mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
kn-°-cp-Xv. C{µn-b-ß-f-S-°p-hm≥ ka¿∞≥
F¥p-sIm≠p kw\y-kn-®p-IqSm? hnj-bm-k‡
- nbpsS tZmj- ß fpw hocy- k w- c - £ - W - Ø ns‚
KpWhpw Adn-bp-∂-h¿ Hcn-°epw hnj-bm-k‡-∑m-cm-hp-I-bn-√. Ah-cpsS hocyw AhcpsS
hnNm- c - a m- I p∂ A·n°v C‘- \ - a m- I p- ∂ p.
AXn¬ hn\n- t bm- K n- ° p- ∂ p. sshZy- s ‚bpw
Huj-[-ß-fp-sSbpw Bhiyw tcmKn-Iƒ°p-≈{X, tcmK-an-√m-Ø-h¿°n-√. AXp-t]mse hnZy,
[¿aw F∂n-h-bpsS ]ptcm-K-Xnbpw temtIm-]Im-ch
- p-amWv Xß-fpsS Pohn-Xe
- £
- y-sa∂p IcpXp-∂-h-cmcpw hnhmlw sNø-cp-Xv. ]©-in-J≥
apX- e mb ]pcp- j - ∑ mcpw Km¿Kn XpS- ß nb
kv{XoIfpw Aß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p. kw\ym-kØn\v A[n-Im-cn-I-f-√msX A\-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ
k\y- k n- ° p- ∂ - X p- N n- X - a - √ . A\- [ n- I m- c n- I ƒ
kzbw A[x-]-Xn-°pw. A\y-tcbpw A[x-]-Xn∏n-°pw. N{I-h¿Ønsb k{am´v (km-a-¥-cpsS
cmPm-hv) F∂p ]d-bp-∂X
- p-t]mse k\ym-knsb
]cn-{hmSv F∂p ]dbp-∂p. F∂m¬ cmPmhv
Xs‚ \mńepw \m´m¿°pw am{X-amWv BZ-cW
- ob≥. kw\ym-kn-sbbm-Is´ k¿h{X ]qPn-°p-∂p.
hnZzØw N \r]Xzw N ss\h Xpeyw IZmN\. kztZti ]qPytX cmPm hnZzm≥ kcvh{X
]qPy-tX. 13
NmW-Iy-\o-Xn-im-kv{X-Ønse t«mI-am-Wn-Xv.
hnZzm≥ cmPmhv F∂n-h¿ Hcn-°epw Xpey-c-√.
ImcWw cmPm-hns\ Xs‚ cmPyØp am{Xw BZcn-°p-Ibpw kXv°-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ
hnZzm≥ k¿h{X _lp-am-\m-Z-c-ßƒ°p ]m{Xam-Ip-∂p.
AXn-\m¬ hnZym-`ym-kw, kpin-£n-XXzw
_ew F∂nh kºm-Zn-°p-∂-Xn\v {_“-N-cyhpw, \√Xpw t{ijvT-hp-am-b-sX√mw km[n-°phm≥ Krl-ÿm-{i-ah
- pw, a\-\w, [ym\w hn⁄m\m-`n-hr≤n F∂n-hbv°pw, X]-k-\p-jvTn-°m-\pambn hm\-{]-ÿm-{i-ah
- pw, thZm-Zn-kX
- y-im-kv{Xß-fpsS {]Nm-cw, ZpjvS-Ir-Xy-ßƒ XyPn®v
[m¿an-I-hr-Øn-Iƒ kzoI-cn-°p-I, ktXym-]-tZi-Øn¬ F√m-hcpsSbpw kwi-b-\n-hrØn hcpØpI F∂n-hb
- v°mbn kw\ym-km-{i-ahpw hn[n®n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ kw\ym-km-{i-a-Øns‚
]‰n-t∏m-bn. ""bXn lkvtX[\w ZZymXv'' F∂XmWv icn. kw\ym-kn-bpsS ssIøn¬ ]Ww
sImSp-°p-∂-h≥ \c-I-Øn-te°p t]mIp-sa∂¿∞w.
D:˛ CXpw GtXm A£-c-sshcn Fgp-Xn-h®-Xm-Wv. ]Ww ssIøn¬ sImSp-Øm¬ ZmXmhv
\c-I-Øn¬ t]mIp-sa-¶n¬ Im¬°-tem, IngnsI-ńtbm h®p-sIm-Sp-Øm¬ kz¿K-Øn-te°p
t]mIm-a-t√m. Cu ]mT-t`-Z-sam∂pw icn-b-√.
kw\ymkn \nXy-hr-Øn°v Bh-iy-am-b-Xn-e[nIw [\w ssIhiw hbv°p∂ ]£w tNmc`-bw, AXym-{Klw F∂n-hb
- p≠mIp-hm≥ km[yX- b p- ≠ v . F∂m¬ hnZzm≥ A\p- N n- X - a m- b sXm∂pw sNøp-I-bn-√. AXym-{K-l-Øn¬ s]SpI-bp-an-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ Ah≥ apºv {_“-N-cyØn-tem, Krl-ÿm-{i-a-Øntem h®v kpJ-ßf-dn-bp-Itbm A\p-`-hn-°p-Itbm sNbvXn-´p-≠mhpw. {_“-N-cy-Øn¬ \n∂v kw\y-kn-®-h≥ Hcn°epw H∂nepw Bk-‡-\m-ImØ ]q¿W-hn-c‡-\m-bn-cn-°pw.
tNm:˛ {im≤-\m-fn¬ kw\ymkn hoń¬ hcnItbm hkn-°p-Itbm sNbvXm¬ ]nXr-°ƒ
HmSn-t∏m-Ip-sa∂pw \c-I-Øn¬ hogp-sa∂pw
temI¿ ]d-bp-∂p.
D:˛ H∂m-a-Xv, acn-®p-t]mb ]nXr-°ƒ aSßn
hcp-∂Xpw Du´p∂ {im≤w Ah¿°p In´p∂Xpw Akw-`-hyhpw thZ-Øn\pw bp‡n°pw
hncp-≤-hp-am-I-bm¬ Ak-Xy-am-Wv. hcm-Ø-h≥
HmSn-t∏m-Ip-∂-sX-ßs\? Pohm-flm-°ƒ kz¥w
]m]-]p-Wy-ß-f-\p-k-cn®v Cuiz-cob hyh-ÿbm¬ ac-Wm-\¥
- c P--∑s
- a-Sp-°p-∂X
- n-\m¬ Ah¿
Fßs\ hcpw? CXpw DZ-c-\n-anØw _lp-IrX-th-j-°m-cmb ]ucm-Wn-I-cp-sSbpw sshcm-KnI-fp-sSbpw sI´p-I-Y-bm-Wv. acn-®-h¿°p {im≤w
Du´p-∂Xv thZm-Zn-im-kv{X-ßƒ°p hncp-≤-am-Ibm¬ kw\ymkn sN∂m¬ A‘-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ
HmSp-sa-∂Xp icn-bm-Wv.
tNm:˛ {_“-N-cy-Øn¬ \n∂v kw\ymkw
kzoIcn°p-∂-h\v PohnXw hnj-a-I-c-am-Ipw.
Ima-hm-k-\-b-S-°p∂Xpw AXn-I-Tn-\-am-Wv.
AXn-\m¬ Krl-ÿm-{i-ahpw Ign™v kw\ykn-°p-∂-XmWv \√-Xv.
D:˛ PohnXw hnj-a-I-c-hpw, C{µn-b-ßƒ ASßp-Ib
- p-an-s√-¶n¬ {_“-Nc
- y-Øn¬ \n∂p k\y-
13 NmW-Iy-i-XIw 3
99
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
apJy-[¿a-amb ktXym]-tZ-im-Zn-Iƒ sNøm-Øh¿ ]Xn-Xcpw \c-I-Km-an-I-fp-am-Ipw. AXn-\m¬
kw\ym-kn-am-sc√mw kXy-ap-]-tZ-in®v kwi-b\n-hrØn hcp-Øn-s°m-Sp-Øv, thZm-ZnkXy-imkv{X-ßƒ ]Tn-∏n-®v, sshZn-I-[¿asØ t]mjn∏n®v temI-Øn-s\√mw t{ib p hcp-Ø-Ww.
tNm:˛ kw\ym-kn-am-cn¬ \n∂p `n∂cpw
kman, sshcm-Kn, tbmKn, tKmkmbn XpS-ßnb
t]cp- I - f p- ≈ - h cpw kw\ym- k m- { i- a - Ø n¬
Dƒs∏-´-h-cmtWm?
D:˛ A√. Ah-cn¬ kw\ym-k-Øns‚ e£W-sam-∂p-an-√-t√m. thZ-hn-cp-≤-ambn {]h¿Øn°p-Ibpw Xß-fpsS aXm-Nm-cy-∑m-cpsS hm°pIsf thZ- Ø n- e p- ] cn _lp- a m- \ n- ° p- I bpw
sNøp∂ Ah¿ XßfpsS aXsØ am{Xw {]iwkn-°p-Ibpw Ak-Xy-Pm-eØ
-- n¬ s]´v kzm¿∞w
t\Sp-hm≥ a‰p-≈h
- sc Xß-fpsS aX-Øn¬ AIs∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. temI-\∑ hcp-Øp∂Xp t]mIs´; temIsc h©n®v A[x- ] Xn∏n®v Ah¿ kzm¿∞w t\Sp-∂p. AXn-\m¬
Ahsc kw\ym-kn-I-fmbn KWn-°m-hp-∂-X-√.
Ah¿ henb kzm¿∞m-{i-an-I-fm-sW-∂-Xn¬
kwi-b-te-i-an-√. kzbw [¿aw A\p-jvTn®v a\pjy-h¿KsØ [¿a-aam¿K-Øn¬ {]h¿Øn-∏n-®v,
Cl-tem-I-Ønepw ]ctemI-Ønepw ˛ Cu P∑Ønepw hcpw P∑-Øn-epw˛ kz¿Kw AYhm
kpJw A\p-`-hn-°p-Ibpw A\ysc A\p-`-hn-∏n°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ [¿am-flm-°-fmWv kw\ymkn-am-cmb alm-flm-°ƒ.
kw£n- ] v X - a mbn kw\ym- k m- { i- a - { Iaw
CXmWv . ASp- Ø - X n¬ cmP- [ ¿ahpw {]Pm[¿ahpw Fgp-Xmw.
{ioa-Zv Z-bm-\-µ-kzm-an-I-fm¬ hnc-Nn-X-amb
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-i-Øn¬
hm\-{]-ÿ-˛-kw-\ym-km-{ia {]Xn-]m-Z-I-amb
A©mw kap-√mkw Ign-™p.
100
6
Bdmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Imiw
cmP-[¿aw
AY cmP-[cvaw {]h£ymax
C\n cmP-[¿aw hymJym-\n-°p-∂p.
1. cmP-[cvam\v{]h-£yman bYmhrtØm `th∂r]x. kw`-h-›- bYm Xky- kn≤n› ]cam
bYm..
2. {_m“w {]m]vtX\ kwkvImcw £{XntbW bYm-hn[n. kcvh-kymky bYm-\ymbav
IcvØhyw ]cn-c£
- W
- av..(a-\pkvarXn 7. 1,2) 1
\mep-h¿W-ßƒ, \mev B{i-a-ßƒ F∂nh-bpsS BNm-cm-\p-jvTm-\-ß-sf-∏‰n ]d-™-Xn\p-tijw a\p Ejn-am-tcmSv cmP-[¿a-ß-tf-hsb∂pw cmPmhv F{]-Im-c-am-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw
]d-bp-∂p. Aß-s\-sbmcp cmPmhv 2 Fß-s\bp- ≠ m- I pw. ]c- a - k n≤n Fßs\ `hn°pw
Fs∂√mw k¿h-hn-t[-\bpw ]d-bp-∂p.(1)
]c-a-hn-Zzm≥ {_m“-W-\m-Ip-∂-Xp-t]m-se,
hnZzm\pw kpin-£n-X-\p-amb £{Xn-b≥ cmPyc-£-sb∂ I¿Øhyw \ymbm-\p-krXw bYmhn[n sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. AXns‚ coXn C{]-Imc-am-Wv.
(aq∂p k`-Iƒ)
{XoWn cmPm\m hnZtY ]pcqWn ]cn
hnizm-\n- `q-jYx kZmwkn. (E. 3. 38. 6)
Cuiz- c ≥ D]- t Z- i n- ° p∂p:˛ (cm- P m- \ m)
cmPmhpw {]P-Ifpw tN¿∂v (hn-Z-tY) kpJ {]m-]vXnbpw hn⁄m-\h
- r-≤n-bp-≠m-Ip-∂X
- p-amb
1 a\p-kvarXn 7.1.2.
2 `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-sb-∂¿∞w.
cmP-˛-{]-Pm-_-‘-sa∂ hyh-lm-c-Øn¬ ({Xo-Wnk-Zmw-kn) aq∂v k`-Iƒ AXm-bXv hnZymcy
k`, [¿amcyk-`, cmPm-cy-k` F∂nh \nehn¬h-cpØn (]p-cq-Wn) At\I {]Im-c-ß-fn¬
(hn-izm-\n) {]Pm-_‘
- Ø
- n¬ hcp∂ ka{K a\pjymZn Poh-Pm-e-ß-sfbpw (]-cn-`q-j-Yx) kIe-co-Xn-bnepw hnZy, kzmX-{¥yw, [¿aw, kpin£-Ww, [\w apX-em-b-h-bm¬ Aew-Ir-X-cm-°Ww.
1. Xw k`m N kan-Xn› tk\m N.
2. k`yx k`mw ta ]mln tb N k`ymx
k`m-kZx.. (A-Ycvhw 15.9.2.& 19.55.5)
(X-av) B cmP-[¿ΩsØ (k`m N) aq∂p
k`-Ifpw (k-an-Xn-›) {]Xn-tcm-[m-Zn-If
- psS hyhÿ-Ifpw (tk\m N) ssk\yhpw tN¿∂v ]cn]m-en-°-Ww. (1)
tl (k-`y) k`-bn¬ AwK-am-Im≥ tbmKy\mb apJy-k-`mw-Kta (ta) Fs‚ (k-`mw) k`bpsS [¿a-bp-‡-amb hyh-ÿ-Isf (]m-ln)
]men-°p-I, (tb N k`ymx k`m kZx) IqSmsX
k`bv°v tbmKy-cmb k`mw-K-ß-sf√mw k`bpsS hyh-ÿ-Isf ]men-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. F∂v
cmPmhv k`mw-K-ß-tfm-Sm-⁄m-]n-°p-∂Xv cmPmhn\pw k`mw-K-ßƒ°pw tbmKy-am-Wv. (2)
G-Im-[n-]Xyw ]mSn-√
Hcm-fn\v kzX-{¥-amb cmPym-[n-Imcw \evIphm≥ ]mSn-s√-∂mWv CXns‚ Xmev]-cyw. adn-
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[¿aw
®v, k`m-]-Xn-bmb cmPm-hv, cmPm-hn-\-[o-\-amb
k`. k`-bv°-[o-\\mb cmPmhv {]P-Iƒ°-[o\-amb cmPmhpw k`bpw cmPm-hn\pw k`bv°pw
A[o-\-cmb {]P-Iƒ F∂-X√ coXn-sb-¶n¬˛
""cmjv{S-tah hniym-l¥n Xkvam-{Zmjv{So
hniw LmXpIx. hni-tah cmjv{Sm-bm-Zymw- ItcmXn Xkvam-{Zmjv{So hni-aØn \ ]pjvSav
]ipw a\yX CXn''.. (i-X. 13. 2.3)
{]P-If
- n¬ \n∂p kzX-{¥-cmbn X∂n-jvS°
- mcmb cmP- h ¿§w h¿Øn- ® m¬ (cm- j v { S- t ah
hniym-l-¥n) cmPy-Øn¬ {]th-in®v {]P-Isf
\in- ∏ n- ° pw. AXn- \ m¬ GIm- [ n- ] - X n- b mb
cmPmhv Xmt¥m-∂nbpw D∑-Ø\
- p-ambn (cmjv{So
hniav LmXp-Ix) {]PI-fpsS LmXI-\mbn-Øocpw. AXm-bXv (hn-i-tah cmjv{Sm-bm-Zymav
Itcm-Xn) B cmPmhv {]P-Isf `£n-®p-I-f-bpw˛-A-Xy¥w ]oUn-∏n-°pw. AXn-\m¬ Bscbpw
tkz—m-[n-Im-cn-bm-°c
- p-Xv. (\ ]pjvSw ]ipw a\ytX) knwltam As√-¶n¬ amwk-`p-°mb a‰p
h√ arKtam XSn- ® p- s Im- g pØ ]ip- h ns\
sIm∂p-Xn-∂p-∂X
- p-t]mse (cmjv{So hni-aØ
- n)
kzX-{¥-\mb cmPmhv {]P-Isf \in-∏n-°p-∂p.
Xt∂-°m-f-[nIw \∂m-hm≥ a‰m-scbpw A\ph-Zn-°msX kº-∂-∑m-cpsS ssIh-i-ap-≈Xp
apgp-h\pw Ahsc sR°n-∏n-gn™pw Xń-∏d
- n®pw
A\ym-b-ambn ]ng-bn´pw A]-l-cn®v kzm¿∞w
t\Spw AXn-\m¬:˛
Ct{µm PbmXn \ ]cm PbmXm A[ncmtPm cmPkp cmP- b mssX. Ncv I rXy
CutUym hµy-t›m-]-ktZym \a-tkym-f`-thl.. 3
a\p-jysc! Bcv (C-l) Cu a\p-jy-k-ap-Zmb-Øn¬ (C-{µx) ]c-ssa-iz-cy-hm\mbn i{Xp°sf (P-bm-Xn) Pbn-°p-hm≥ i‡-\m-Ip-∂pthm Bsc (\- ]-cm-P-bm-ssX) FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ
tXmev]n-°p-∂n-√tbm (cm-Pkp A[n-cm-Px)
cmPm-[n-cm-P-\mbn (cm-P-bm-ssX) hnf-ßp-∂pthm Bcv (NcvIr-Xy) k`m-]-Xn-bm-bn-cn-°m≥
G‰hpw tbmKy-Xbp-ff-h\pw (CuUyx) {]iwk-\o-b-amb KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ß-tfmSp IqSn-bh\pw (h-µyx) kev°m-c-tbm-Ky\pw (N D]-kZyx) ic-W-tbm-Ky\pw (\-a-kyx) F√m-h¿°pw
am\y\pw (`-th-l) Bbn-cn-°p-∂pthm Abmsf-bmWv k`m-]-Xn-bmb cmPm-hmbn Ah-tcm[n-t°-≠-Xv.
Caw tZhmfAk-]{XMvkph-[zw altX
£{Xmb altX ssPyjvTymb altX Pm\cmPymtb{µ-tky-{µn-bmb. (b-Ppx. 9. 40)
(tZ- h mx) hnZzm- ∑ m- t c cmPmth {]P- I tf
\nßƒ (C-aw) C{]-Im-c-ap≈ ]pcp-js\ (a-ltX-£-{Xm-b) henb N{I-h¿Øn-bmbn hmgphm\pw (a- l - t X- s sPy- j v T ym- b ) F√m- h - t c°mfpw alm-\m-bn-cn-°m\pw (a-ltX Pm\-cmPym-b) alm-hn-Zzm-∑m-tcmSp IqSnb cmPysØ
]cn-]m-en-°m\pw (C-{µ-tky-{µn-bm-b) G‰hpw
sFiz-cy-ap≈ cmPy-tØbpw kº-Øn-t\bpw
c£n- ° p- h m- \ p- a mbn (A- k - ] {XMv k ph- [ zw)
kΩ-Xn-®v ]£-]m-X-c-ln-X\pw hnZym-hn-\-bmZn-bp-‡\pw kIe P\-ß-fp-sSbpw kplrØpw
k`m- ] - Xn- bpw F√m- ‰ n\pw A[n- ] - Xn- bp- a mb
cmPm-hmbn Ah-tcm[n®p temIw apgp-h\pw
i{Xp-c-ln-X-cm-°n-Øo¿°p-hn≥!
kZm k∂-≤-amb ssk\yw
ÿncm hx k¥zm-bp[m ]cm-Wp-tZ hofq
DX -{]-Xn-jvIt`. bpjvam-I-akvXp Xhnjo
]\o-bko am acvXy-ky -am-bn\x.. (E. 1. 39. 2)
Cuiz-c≥ D]-tZ-in-°p∂p:˛ tl cmP-]p-cp-j∑mtc (hx) \nß-fpsS (B-bp-[m) Bt·bw
apX-emb Akv{X-ßƒ, ]oc¶n, tXm°v, hn√v,
Aºv, hmfv, XpS-ßnb Bbp-[-ßƒ i{Xp-°sf
(]cm-Wp-tZ) tXmev]n-°p-hm\pw (DX {]Xn-jvIt`) XSpØp \n¿Øp-hm\pw (ho-fq) sIm≈msa∂v {]iw-kn-Xhpw (ÿn-cm) Dd-∏p-≈Xpw (k¥p) Bbn-cn-°-s´. (bp-jvam-Iw) \nß-fpsS (Xhn-jo) ssk\yw (]-\o-b-ko) {]iw-k-\obw
(A- k v X p) BI- s ´. Ah- b psS klmbw
sIm≠p \nßƒ kZm hnP- b n- I - f m- I p- h n≥.
F∂m¬, (am acvXy-ky -am-bn-\x) Bcv A\ymbhpw \nµy-hp-amb {]hr-Øn-Iƒ sNøp-∂pthm
Ah\v ap≥]-d™ ]Zm¿∞-ßs
- fm∂pw e`n-°mXn-cn-°-s´. a\p-jy¿ [¿an-jvT-cm-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ
am{Xta cmPy-Øn\v A`n-hr≤n D≠m-hq. ZpcmNm-cn-I-fpsS cmPyw \in-®p-t]m-Ip-∂p.
AXn-\m¬ henb hnZzm-∑msc [¿a-k-`-bpsS
A[n-Im-cn-I-fm-bpw {]iw-kn-°-Ø° [¿a-\njvT-tbmSp IqSn-b-hsc cmP-k-`-bpsS kZ-kycm-bpw Ah-cn-se-√m‰nepw h®v k¿thm-XvIr-jvSamb KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ß-tfmSp IqSnb alm-]pcp-js\ B cmP-k`- b
- psS A[n-]X
- n-bmbpw \nb-
3 AYcvhw 6.10.98.1
102
Bdmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
an®v k¿h{X A`n-hr≤n t\Sp-I. \b-kw-_-‘amb \nb-a-ßƒ aq∂p-k-`-I-fp-sSbpw kΩ-XtØm-Sp-IqSn G‰hpw \∂mbn \n¿an-°p-Ibpw
P\- ß - s f√mw B \nb- a - ß ƒ A\p- k - c n®p
{]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw thWw. s]mXp-\-∑-bv°p-XIp∂ Imcy-ßƒ sNøm≥ Ghcpw kΩ-Xn-°Ww. k¿h- l n- X - I - c amb Imcy- ß - f n¬
X≥Imcyw t\m°-cp-Xv. [¿a-bp-‡-amb kz¥w
Imcy-ß-fn¬ am{Xta kzmX{¥yw ]mSp-≈q.
k-`m-]-Xn-bpsS KpW-ßƒ
cmP-k-`-bpsS A[n-]-Xn-°p-≠m-tI≠ KpWßƒ Fs¥-√m-sa∂p ]d-bp∂p:˛
1. C{µm-\n-eb
- a
- mcvIm-Wm-at- ·› hcp-Wky
N. N{µ-hn-tØ-itbmss›h am{Xm \ncvlrXy- im-izXox..
2. X]-Xym-Zn-Xy-hs
- s®j N£qwjn N a\mwkn N. \ ssN\w `qhn iIvt\mXn I›n-Z-]y`n-ho-£n-Xpav..
3. tkmf·n¿`- h Xn hmbp› tkmfcv I
tkmax k [¿a-cmSv. k Ipt_cx k hcpWx
k atl{µx {]`m-hXx.. (a-\p. 7˛4, 6, 7)
1. k`m-]-Xn-bmb cmPmhv C{µ-s\-t∏m-se-˛an-∂¬t]m-se˛ AXn-th-KØ
- n¬ sFiz-cy-ßsf
Df-hm-°p-∂-h\pw F√m-h¿°pw hmbp-hn-s\t∏mse {]mW-{]n-b\pw F√m-h-cp-sSbpw at\mK-X-ß-f-dn-bp-∂-h-\pw \ymbm-[n-]-Xn-bmb bas\-t∏mse ]£-]m-X-sat\y s]cp-am-dp-∂-h-\pw
kqcy-s\-t∏mse \ymbw hnZy [¿Ωw F∂nhsb {]Im-in-∏n®v Ahn-Zy A\ym-bmZn A‘Im- c - ß ƒ AI- ‰ p- ∂ - h - \ pw A·nsbt∏mse
Zpjv S - ∑ msc `kv a - a m- ° p- ∂ - h - \ pw hcp- W t\t∏mse ZpjvS-∑msc At\-I-hn-[-Øn¬ _‘n°p-∂-h\pw N{µ-s\-t∏mse k÷\-ßƒ°v
B\- µ w Df- h m- ° p- ∂ - h - \ pw ssh{i- h - W - s \t∏mse JP-\mhv \nd-bv°p-∂-h\pw Bbn-cn-°Ww.
2. kqcy-Xp-ey-{]-Xm-]nbpw F√m-h-cp-sSbpw
_ln-c-¥-cw-K-ßsf kz¥w tXP- p-sIm≠v X]n-∏n-°p-∂-h\pw a∂n-ep≈ a\p-jy-cn-em¿°pw
{Iqc-ZrjvSn ]Xn-∏n-°m-Ø-h\pw...
3. kz{]-`m-h-Øm¬ A·n, hmbp, kqcy≥,
N{µ≥ F∂n-h-sc-t∏mse hnf-ßp-∂-h\pw [¿anjvT\pw kº-Øns\ h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂h
- \
- pw ZpjvS∑msc _‘n-°p-∂-h\pw hf-sc- sF-iz-cy-ap-≈h- \ p- a mb Bfn- \ mWv k`- b psS A≤y- £ -
\mbncn°m≥ tbmKy-X-bp-≈-Xv.
b-Ym¿Y `c-Wm-[n-]≥ Bcv?
1. k cmPm ]pcptjm ZWvUx k t\Xm
imknXm N kx. NXpcvWm-am-{i-amWmw N
[cvaky {]Xn`qx kvarXx..
2. ZWvUx imkvXn {]Pmx kcvhm ZWvU
Ghm-`n-c-£Xn. ZWvUx kp]vtXjp PmKcvXn
ZWvUw [cvaw hnZpcv_p[mx..
3. kao-£y k [rXx kayIvkcvhm cRvPbXn {]Pmx. Ak-ao£y {]Wo-XkvXp hn\mi-bXn kcvhXx..
4. Zptjybpx kcvhhcvWm› `ntZy-c\v
kcvhtk-Xhx. kcvh-tem-I-{]-tIm-]› `th
±WvUky hn{`-amXv..
5. b{X iymtam temln-Xmt£m ZWvU›-cXn ]m]lm. {]Pm-kvX{X \ ap-ly¥n
t\Xm tN’m[p ]iy-Xn..
6. Xkymlpx kw{]-tW-Xmcw cmPm\av
kXyhm-Zn-\av. kao£yImcWw {]m⁄av
[cva-Im-amcvY-tIm-hn-Zav..
7. Xw cmPm {]W-b\vk-ayIv {XnhcvtK
Wm`n-hcv[tX. Imamflm hnjax £pt{Zm
ZWvtU-ss\h \nl-\ytX..
8. ZWvtUm ln kpa-l-tØtPm Zpcv[c›m
IrXm-fl`nx. [cvam-Zzn-N-enXw l¥n \r]-tah
k_m-‘-hav..
9. tkmfklm-tb\ aqtV\ ep_vt[\m
IrX-_p-≤n\m. \ itIym \ymbtXm t\Xpw
kt‡\ hnj-tb-jp N..
10. ipNn\m kXy-kvt‘-\ b-Ym-im-kv{Xm\p
kmcnWm. {]mtWXpw iIytX ZWvUx kpklm-tb\ [oaXm.. (a-\p. 7.17-˛19, 24˛-28, 30, 31.)
1. ]
- p-cp-jk
- z-cq-]n-bm-bn-´p≈ ZWvUw 4 Xs∂bmWv cmPmhv \ymbw \S-Øp-∂Xpw F√m-htcbpw imkn-°p-∂-Xpw \mep h¿Æ-ß-fp-tSbpw
\mem- { i- a - ß - f ps- S bpw [¿a- c - £ Ww sNøp∂Xpw Ah≥X-s∂-bm-Wv.
2. B ZWvUw Xs∂-bmWp {]P-Isf imkn°p-∂Xpw c£n-°p-∂Xpw; {]P-Iƒ Dd-ßptºmgpw DW¿∂n- c n- ° p- ∂ Xpw B ZWv U w
4 ZWvUw F∂ hm°n\v ZWvUn-∏n-°¬ F∂√ ChnSpsØ A¿Yw. `c-W-L-S-\-bnse \nb-a-ß-fpsS ]cn]m-e-\hpw Ah ewLn-°p-∂-h¿°p≈ in£bpw IqSnt®-cp-∂-sXt¥m AXt{X ZWvUw.
103
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[¿aw
Xs∂; AXn-\m¬ _p≤n-am-∑m¿ ZWvUsØ
[¿a-sa∂p ]dbp-∂p.
3. Ah-[m\ ]q¿∆w {]tbm-Kn-®m¬ kIe¿°pw B\-µ-Zm-b-Ihpw A\-h-[m-\-X-tbmsS
{]tbm-Kn-®m¬ cmPm-hns\ F√m hn[-Ønepw
\in-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-amWv ZWvUw.
4. - Z - W v U - a ns√¶n¬ kI- e cpw Zpjn®p
t]mIpw; cmPy-a-cym-Z-Iƒ On∂-`n-∂-am-Ipw. P\ßƒ {]£p-_v[-cm-Ipw.
5. Idp-Øn-cp≠ ico-chpw NpI∂ IÆp-I-fpap≈ Hcp `b-¶c ]pcp-j-s\-t∏mse ZWvUw
]m]-ßsf \in-∏n-®p-sIm≠v k©-cn-°p-∂nSsØ {]P-Iƒ ]cn-{àw IqSmsX kpJambn
hkn-°p-∂p. ]
- t£ ZWvUw {]tbm-Kn-°p-∂h
- ≥
]£-]m-X-c-ln-X\pw hnZzm-\p-am-bn-cn-°-Ww.
6. kXy-hm-Znbpw Btem-N\
- m-io-e\pw _p≤nam\pw [¿am¿Y Ima-ßsf t\Sp-∂X
- n¬ ka¿Y\p-amb cmPm-hn-s\-bmWv icn-bmb ZWvU-{]tbm-‡m-sh∂p hnZzm-∑m¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
7.- Z-WvUsØ icn-bmw-hÆw {]tbm-Kn-°p∂
cmPmhv [¿am¿Y-Im-a-ß-fpsS kn≤nsb h¿≤n∏n- ® p- s Im- ≠ n- c n- ° p- ∂ p. - h n- j b kpJ- Ø n¬
AXym-k-‡\pw IpSne kz`m-hnbpw Cu¿jymephpw £p{Z-a-\-kvI\pw \oN-_p-≤n-bp-amWv
\ymbm-[n-]-Xn-bmb cmPm-sh-¶n¬ ZWvU-Øm¬
Abmƒ \in-°p-∂p.
8. tXP- n-b∂ ZWvUsØ ssIs°m-≈phm≥ sshZp-jyhpw [¿Ω\njvTbp-an-√m-Øh¿°p km[n-°p-I-bn-√.- [¿a-c-ln-X-\mb cmPmhns\ Xd-hm-tSm-Sp-IqSn AXv \in-∏n®p If-bpw.
9. Fs¥- ∂ m¬, B]v X - ] p- c p- j - ∑ m- c psS
klmbw, hnZym-`ym-kw,- kp-in-£Ww F∂n-hsbm-∂p-an-√m-Øh
- \pw hnj-bm-k‡
- \pw aqV-\pam-bn-´p-≈-h∂p \ymb-amb hn[-Øn¬ ZWvUw
\SØphm\p≈ kma¿∞yw Hcn-°epw D≠m-hpI-bn-√.
10. ]hn-{Xm-flmhpw kXy-\n-jvT\pw k÷\
kwk¿Kw sNøp-∂-h-\pw \oXn-im-kv{Xa-\p-kcn®v {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-\pw t{ijvT-]p-cp-j-∑mcpsS klm-b-tØmSpIqSnbh\pw _p≤n-am-\pam-bn-´p-≈-h\p am{Xta \ymb-ambn ZWvU-{]tbmK kma¿Yy-ap≠mIq. AXn-\m¬:˛
5 a\p- k v a r- X n- b n¬ "tk\m]Xyw' F∂mWv ]mTw.
F∂m¬ {KŸ- I m- c s‚ EKv ` mjyw 1 32.2 1.100- ˛ 6
b÷qcv`mjyw 6.2 kwkvIm-ch
- n[n F∂n-hb
- n¬ ssk\m]Xyw F∂p {]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
1. -ssk-\m-]Xyw 5 N cmPyw N ZWvU-t\Xr-Xz-tah N. kcvh-temIm[n]Xyw N thZim-kv{X-hn-Zcvl-Xn..
2.- Z-im-hcm hm ]cn-jZyw [cvaw ]cn-I-ev]tbXv. {Xyhcm hm]n hrØÿm Xw [cvaw \
hn-Nm-e-tbXv..
3. ss{Xhn-tZym -ssl-XpIkvXcvIo ss\cp
IvtXm [cva]
- m-TIx. {XbivNm{ianWx ]qcvth
]cn-j-’ym±imh-cm..
4.- E-tKz-Z-hn-Zy-Ppcvhn-® -km-a-th-Z-hn-tZh
N. {Xyhcm ]cn-jt- ⁄bm [cvak
- w-ib
- \
- ncvWtb..
5. GtIm]n- fth-Z-hn-≤cvaw bw hyh-tkyZv
ZzntPm-Øax. k hn-t⁄bx ]tcm [cvt am
\m⁄m\mapZn-tXmf-bpssXx..
6. A{h-Xm-\m-a-a-{¥mWmw PmXn-am-t{Xm]
Pohn\mw. kl-{kix kta-Xm\mw ]cn-jXzav
\ hnZytX..
7. bw hZ¥n Xtam-`qXm aqcvJm [cva-a-XZznZx. XXv]m]w iX[m `qXzm XZz-‡ro\\pK—Xn.. (a-\pkvarXn 12. 100, 110-˛115.)
1. k¿h-ssk-\y-Øn-s‚-bpw tk\m-]-Xn-I-fpsSbpw B[n- ] Xyw in£ \¬Ip- h m- \ p≈
G¿∏m-Sp-I-fp-sSsb√mw tae-[n-Im-cw, F√m-h-cpsSbpw \mb-I-Xzw, cmPy-Øns‚ A[n-Imcw
F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ \mep apJym-[n-Im-c-ß-fn-epw
thZ-im-kv{X-ßf
- n¬ {]ho-W∑
- mcpw ]q¿W hnZzm∑mcpw PntX-{µn-b∑
- mcpw [¿am-flm- °fpw kZvkz`m-hn-I-fp-am-b-hsc \nb-an-°-Ww. 6:˛ apJy-tk\m-]Xn apJy-\ymbm[n]-Xn, apJy-cm-Pym-[n-Imcn, {][m-\≥ (cm-Pm-hv) F∂n-h-sc√mw kIe
hnZy-I-fnepw ]q¿W-]m-WvUn-Xy-ap-≈-h-cm-bn-cn°-Ww.
2. Ipd-™-]£w ]Øp hnZzm-∑m-tcm G‰hpw
Ipd-™Xv aq∂p hnZzm-∑mtcm AS-ßnb k`bn¬ Xocp-am-\n-°p∂ hyh-ÿ-I-sf-˛-[-¿-a-hy-hÿ-I-sf˛ Bcpw D√w-Ln-°-cp-Xv.
3. Cu k`-bn¬ \mep thZßƒ, \ymb-imkv{Xw, \ncp‡w, [¿a-imkv{Xw apX-em-b-hbn¬ \n]p-W-cmb hnZzm-∑m-cmWp kZ-ky-cm-tI≠-Xv. Ah¿ {_“-N-cyw, Km¿l-ÿyw, hm\{]ÿw F∂o aq∂m-{i-a-ß-fn-ep-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°Ww. k` IqSp-tºmƒ Ipd-™Xv ]Øp hnZzm∑m-cp-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww.
4. E°v, bPq-kv, kmaw F∂o aq∂p thZ-
104
Bdmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
ßfpw Adn-bp∂ aq∂p kZ-ky-∑m-c-S-ßnb Hcp
k`-bn¬ sNøp-∂ hyh-ÿ-Isf Bcpw D√wLn-°-cp-Xv.
5. kI- e - t h- Z - ⁄ - \ mb ZznP- t {i- j v T \pw
k\ym-kn-bp-amb Hcmƒ Xo¿®-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv
k¿h-t{ijvS [¿aam-Ip-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬, Adnhn-√mØ Bbn-ctam e£tam tImSntbm t]¿
tN¿∂v sNøp∂ [¿a-hy-hÿ kzoIm-cy-ta-b√.
6. {_“-N-cyw, kXy-`m-j-Ww apX-emb {hXßfpw thZm-[y-b-\w, thZm¿Y hnNmcw F∂nh-sbm-∂p-an-√m-Ø-hcpw P\n-®-t∏m-g-tØ-t∏mse
Ct∏mgpw iq{Z-cm-bn-cn-°p∂ At\-I-iXw t]¿
IqSn-bmepw AXp k`-b-√.
7. hnZym-`ym-k-an-√m-Ø, thZ-a-dn-bmØ aqV∑m¿ ]d-bp∂ [¿asØ Hcn-°epw ssIs°m≈-cp-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬ aqV-∑m¿ Xocp-am-\n-°p∂-X-\p-k-cn-°p-∂-hsc ]m]-ßƒ ]n∂mse
sN∂p ]nSn-Iq-Sp-∂p.
AXn-\m¬ aq∂p k`-I-fnepw hnZym-k-`,
[¿ak`, cmP-k` F∂o aq∂p k`-If
- nepw aqV∑msc Hcn-°epw \nb-an-°-cp-Xv-; hnZzm-∑m-scbpw
[m¿an-I-tc-bpw am{Xta \nb-an-°m-hq.
1. ss{Xhn-tZy-`y-kv{Xbow hnZymw ZWvU\oXnw N imizXow. B\zo-£nIow NmflhnZymw hmcvXmcw`m› temIXx..
2. C{µn-bmWmw Ptb tbmKw kam-Xn-jvtT±n-hm-\n-iav. PntX-{µntbm ln iIvt\mXn hti
ÿm]-bnXpw {]Pmx..
3. Zi Ima-k-ap-∞m\n XYmsjvSu t{Im[Pm-\n N. hyk-\m\n Zpc-¥m\n {]b-Xv-t\\
hnhcvP-tbXv..
4. Ima-tPjp {]k-t‡m ln hyk-t\jp
alo-]Xnx. hnbp-PytXfcvY[-cv-am-`ymw- t{Im-[tP-jzm-fl-ss\-h Xp..
5. arKbmft£m Znhm-kz]v\x ]cn--hmZx
kv{Xntbm aZx. sXucy-{XnIw hyYm-Sym N
ImatPm ZitIm KWx..
6. ss]ip\yw kmlkw t{Zml Cucvjymkq-bmcv∞Zqj-Wav. hmKvZ-WvUPw N ]mcp
jyw t{Im[tPmf]n K-tWm-fjvSIx..
7. Zztbm-c-t]y-X-tbmcvaqew bw kcvth
Ihtbm hnZpx. Xw bXvt\\ Ptb-t√màv
X÷m-th-Xm-hps-ù- K-sWu..
8. ]m\-a£mx kv{Xnbss›h arKbm N
bYm-{I-aav. GXXvIjvS-Xaw hnZym-®-XpjvIav
ImatP KtW..
9. ZWvUky ]mX\w ssNh hmIv]mcp-jym
cvYZqjtW. t{Im[tPf]n KtW hnZym-XvIjvS-taX{ØnIw kZm..
10. k]vX-I-kymky hcvKky kcvh-ss{Xhm-\p-jMvKnWx. ]qcvhw ]qcvhw Kpcp-Xcav
hnZym-Zzyk\amflhm\v..
11. hyk-\ky N artXym› hyk\w IjvSap-NytX. hyk-\yt[mft[m {hPXn kzcym-Xyhy-k\o arXx (a-\p. 7. 43-˛53)
1. \mep-th-Zß
- f
- n-ep-ap≈ I¿a-ImWvUw, D]mk-\m-ImWvUw, ⁄m\-ImWvUw F∂n-h-b-dnbm-hp-∂-h-cn¬ \n∂v k\m-X-\-amb ZWvU\oXn, \ymb-imkv{Xw, Bfl-hn-Zy-˛-]-c-am-flmhns‚ KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-hß
- f
- psS ⁄m\-am-Ip∂
{_“-hnZy˛ F∂o aq∂p hnZy-I-sfbpw temIØn¬ \n∂p hm¿Øm-cw-`tØ-bpw-˛-eu-In-I-hyh- l m- c - ß - t f- b pw˛ A`y- k n- ® - X n\p tijw
am{Xta Hcp-h\v kZ-kyt\m k`m-]-Xntbm
Bbn-Øo-cp-hm≥ km[n-°p-I-bp-≈q.
2. F√m kZ-ky-∑mcpw k`m-]-Xn-Ifpw C{µnb-ßsf Pbn®p kzm[o-\-s∏-SpØn kZm [¿aam¿K- Ø n¬ h¿Øn- ° p- I bpw A[¿a- Ø n¬
\n∂p \nh¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p.
AXn-\m¬ cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw \n›n-X-k-a-bØv
tbmKm-`ym-khpw IqSn ioen-°-Ww. C{µn-b˛
ßsf a\ v {]mW≥ icocw F∂o B`y-¥-c{]-P-Isf ˛ P-bn-®n-ń-√mØ Bfn\v _mly-{]P-Isf kzm[o-\-am-°p-hm≥ km[y-ta-b-√.
3. Imaw-sIm-≠p-≠m-Ip∂ ]Øpw t{Im[w
sIm≠p-≠m-Ip∂ F´pw ZpxJ-kz-`m-h-ß-sf ]cnXy- P n- ° - W w. Ah- b n- e - I - s ∏´ Bfn\v c£s∏Sm≥ hnj-a-am-sW-¶nepw!
4. Ima-P\
- y-amb ]Øp Zpxkz-`m-hß
- f
- n¬ AIs∏-Sp∂ cmPm-hns‚ cmPyw kº-Øv, [¿aw
F∂n-hbpw t{Im[-P-\y-amb F´p Zqjy-ßfn¬s∏-Sp∂ cmPm-hns‚ ico-chpw \in-°p-∂p.
5. Imaw-sIm-≠p-≠m-Ip∂ Zqjy-ßƒ Ch-bmWv. \mbm-´v, NqXp-I-fn, ]I-ep-d-°w, Ima-IY
As√-¶n¬ ]c-\n-µ, AXy-[n-I-amb kv{XokwKw, amZ-I{- Z-hy-ßƒ,-˛- a-Zyw, Idp∏v, I©mhp apXem-bh ˛io-en-°p-I, ]m´v, sIm´v, B´w F∂nh
tIƒ°p-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw sNøp-I, hrYm
Aßp- a nßpw k©- c n- ® p- s Im- ≠ n- c n- ° pI
Cßs\ ]Øp hyk-\-ßƒ Imtam-ev]-∂-ß-
105
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[¿aw
fm-Ip-∂p.
6. t{Im[w-sIm≠v Gj-Wn-Iq-´p-I, hnth-I-an√m-sXbpw _em¬°m-c-ambpw ]c-kv{Xo-I-tfmSv
kwK-an-°p-I, tZzjw ]tcmXv°¿jw I≠p-IqSm-bva, Akq-b-˛-Kp-W-ß-fn¬ tZmj-sØbpw
tZmj-ß-fn¬ KpW-tØbpw Btcm-]n-°p-I˛
[¿a-hn-cp-≤ß-fmb Zp-jv-{]-hr-ØnIfn¬ [\mZn-Iƒ hrYm-hybw sNøpI, ]cp-j-hm-°p-Iƒ
]d-bp-I, sX‰p sNømsX ITn-\-ambn in£n°p-Itbm iIm-cn-°p-Itbm sNøpI CuF´p
tZmj-ßƒ D≠m-Ip-∂p.
7. Ima-P-ßfpw t{Im[-P-ß-fp-amb C∏-d™
Zqjy-ß-fp-sS-sb√mw aqe-Im-cWw tem`-am-sW∂t{X hnZz-P-\-ßƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. tem`w-sIm≠mWv kI-e-tZm-j-ßfpw a\p-jy\v D≠m-Ip∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬ tem`w XyPn-°-Ww.
8. I≈v apX-emb elcn ]Zm¿Y-ß-sf ioen°p-I, NqXp-I-fn-°p-I, Aan-X-ambn kv{XokwKw
sNøp-I, \mbm-Sp-I, F∂o \mep tZmj-ßƒ
Ima-P-ßfmb Zqjy-ß-fn¬ h®v G‰hpw NoØbm-bn-´p-≈-Xm-Wv.
9. A]-cm[w sNøm-Øh
- sc in£n-°p-I, ]cpj- h m°p ]d- b p- I , kºØv A\ym- b - a mbn
sNehp sNøpI F∂o aq∂p-tZm-jß
- ƒ t{Im[P-ß-fmb hyk-\-ß-fn¬ h®v AXy¥w ZpxJ{]-Z-ß-fm-Ip-∂p.
10. Ima-P-ßfpw t{Im[-P-ß-fp-amb Zqjy-ßfn¬ h®v alm-tZm-j-ß-fmbn KWn-°p∂ GsgÆ-Øn¬ hrYm hyb-tØ-°mƒ ItTm-c-h-N\hpw ItTm- c- ` m- j - W - t Ø- ° mƒ A\ym- b ZWvUhpw A\ym-b-Z-WvU-tØ-°mƒ \mbm´pw
\mbm- ´ n- t \- ° mƒ Aan- X - k v { Xo- k w- K hpw
kv { Xokw- K - t Ø- ° mƒ NqXp- I - f nbpw NqXpIfntb°mƒ aZym-Zn-tk-hbpw A[nIw tZmjI-chpw Kpcp-X-chpw BIp-∂p.
11. Zpxkz-`m-h-ß-fn¬ s]Sp-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ
t`Zw ac-W-amWv. Zpcm-Nmcn Zo¿L-Imew Pohn®n-cp-∂m¬ A[nIw ]m]w sNbvXv At[m-KXnsb ˛Zpx-J-sØ˛ {]m]n-°pw. kZmNmcn acn®mepw kpJsØ {]m]n-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ kIecpw hnti-jn®v cmPmhv \mbm-´v, aZy-]m\w apXemb Zpjv-I¿a-ßfn¬ Hcn-°epw s]´p-t]mImsX Ah-bn¬ \n∂v AI∂p \n∂v [¿a-bp‡-ß-fmb KpW-I¿akz-`m-h-ß-tfmSp IqSn
kXvI¿a-ßƒ A\p-jvTn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°-Ww.
a-{¥n-am-cpsS tbmKy-X
cmP-k-`-bn-ep≈ kZ-ky-∑mcpw a{¥nbpw
Fß-s\-bp-≈h
- c
- mbn-cn-°W
- s
- a∂p ]d-bp∂p:-˛
1. sauemRvOmkv{X-hnZx iqcmw√_v[-e£m\vIptem-Zv`hm\v. kNn-hm\vk]vX Nmjv
sSu hm {]IpcvhoX ]co-£n-Xm\v..
2. A]n- b-’p-I-cw Icva XZ-t]y-tI\
ZpjvIcav. hnti-jtXmfklm-tb\ In¥p
cmPyw atlm-Z-bav..
3. ssXx kmcv[w Nn¥-tb-∂nXyw kmam\yav
k‘nhn{K-lav. ÿm\w kapZbw Kp]vXnw
e_v[{]i-a-\m\n N.
4. tXjmw kzw kza-`n-{]mbap]-e`y ]rYIv
]rYIv. ka-kvXm-\mw N Imtcyjp hnZ-[ym≤n-X-am-fl\x..
5. A\ym-\]n {]IpcvhoX ipNo\v{]⁄m\-hÿnXm\v. kay-KcvYkam-lcvXro -\-amXym\vkp]co£nXm\v..
6. \nhcvtX-Xmky bmh-Zv`n-cnXnIcvXh
- yXm
\r`nx. XmhtXmfX{µn-Xmµ£m\v{]IpcvhoX
hnNIvjWm\v..
7. tXjm-acvtY \nbp-RvPoX iqcmµ£m\v
Iptem-ZvK-Xm\v. ipNo-\mI-c-Icvamt¥ òcq-\¥cv\nth-i-t\..
8. ZqXw ssNh {]IpcvhoX kcvh-imkv{X
hnim-c-Zav. CwKn-Xm-Im-c-tN-jvS⁄w ipNnav
Z£w Iptem-ZvKXav..
9. A\p-c‡x ipNocvZ£x kvar-Xn-amtµiImehnXv. h]p-jvam\zoX-òczmKvao ZqtXm
cm⁄x {]i-kytX.. (a-\p. 7. 54-˛57; 60-˛64)
1. kzcm-Py-Øn¬-˛k
-- z-tZ-i-Øn¬ P\n-®n-´p≈
thZmZn imkv{X-ßf
- d
- n-bp∂ ]cm-{I-ai
- m-en-If
- pw
\njvê
- a
- m-ImØ Nn¥-It- fm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bh
- cpw \√
Ipe-Øn¬ ]nd-∂-h-cpw th≠pw hÆw ]co-£n°-s∏-´-hcpw ka¿Y∑m-cp-amb Gtgm Ft´m
DØ-a-cmb {]K-¤sc kNn-h-∑m-cm-bn- ˛- a-{¥nam-cm-bn -˛- \n-b-an-°-Ww.
2. Fs¥-∂m¬, ]c-k-lm-b-sat\y thKw
sNøm≥ Ign-bp∂ Imcyw t]mepw GIm-Inbmbn sNøp-tºmƒ ZpjvIc-am-Ip-∂p. At∏mƒ
GIm-In-bmbn al-Ømb cmP-Imcyw \S-Øphm≥ Fßs\ km[n°pw? AXn-\m¬ Hcm-fns\
cmPm-hmbn \nb-an®v cmPy-`mcw apgp-h\pw Gev]n°p-∂Xv A\m-im-ky-am-Ip-∂p.
3. AX-n-\m¬ k`m-]-Xn-bmb cmPmhv cmPy-
106
Bdmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
Im-cy-ßf
- n¬ Ipi-e∑
- mcpw hnZzm-∑m-cp-amb a{¥nam- t cm- S p- I qSn (k- ‘ n) ssa{Xn (hn- { K- l w)
i{XpX (ÿm-\w) ka-b-a-dn™v kzcm-PysØ
c£n®v DZm-ko-\-\mbn ÿnXn-sN-øp-I. (k-apZbw) kz¥-_ew h¿≤n-°p-tºmƒ ZpjvS-i-{Xp°sf B{I-an-°pI, (Kp-]vXn) ssk\yw, JP\mhv apX-em-bh c£n-°pI, (e-_v[-{]-i-a-\w)
Iog-S-°nb \mSp-I-fn¬ kam-[m\w ]pe¿ØpI
F∂o Bdp hnj-b-ßƒ \nXyhpw \nco-£n-°Ww.
4. kZ-ky-cn¬ Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cp-sSbpw A`n-{]mb-ßfpw hnNm-c-ßfpw tNmZn-®-dn™v `qcn-]-£{]-Imcw kz¥hpw A\y-cp-sSbpw t{ib- n-\pX-Ip∂ {]hr-Øn-Iƒ kpNn-¥n-X-ambn sNbvXpXp-S-ß-Ww.
5. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-°-fpw _p≤n-am-∑mcpw ÿncNn-Ø-∑m-cpw ]Zm¿∞ kw{K-l-N-Xp-ccpw Bbhsc \√-hÆw ]co-£n-®p-t\m°n a{¥n-am-cmbn
\nb-an-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
6. \m´p-Im-cy-\-S-Øn-∏n-\m-h-iy-ap-≈{X D’ml-io-ecpw _e-hm-∑mcpw hnZ-Kv≤-cp-amb A[nIm-cn-Isf tPmen°p \nb-an-t°-≠XmWv.
7. AhcpsS Iogn¬ iqc-cpw _e-hm-∑m-cpw
Xd-hm-Sn-Ifpw ]cn-ip-≤-cp-amb `rXy-∑msc \nban®v Kuc-h-ta-dnb Imcy-ßƒ°v \ntbm-Kn-°Ww. òcp-°-fm-b-hsc B¥-cnI {]hr-ØnItf
Gev]n-°m-hq.
8. D∂-X-Ip-e-Pm-X-\pw ka¿Y-\pw ]hn-{X-Ncn-X\pw A\y-lr-Z-b-hpw `m-hnbpw I≠dn-bphm≥ Ign-hp-≈-h-\pw kI-e-im-kv{X-\n-]p-W\pw
Imcy-\n¿∆-lW Ipi-e\pw Bb Bfns\ ZqX\mbn \nb-an-°-Ww.
9. cmPyIm-cy-ß-fn¬ AXy¥w D’mlw
{]oXn F∂n-h-bp≈ Im]-Sy-c-ln-X-\pw ka¿Y\pw ]cn-ip≤ lrZ-b\pw ]≠p \S-∂Xv ad-°mØ-h-\pw tZi-Im-e-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn®p {]h¿Øn°p-∂-h\pw kpµ-c-\pw [oc-\pw henb hm‹nbp- a m- b n- ´ p- ≈ - h - \ t{X cmP- Z q- X - \ m- I p- h m≥
tbmKy≥.
B¿°v F¥-[nImcw
sImSp-°-W-sa∂p ]d-bp∂p:
1. AamtXy ZWvU BbtØm ZWvtU
ssh\-bnIo {Inbm. \r]Xu tImi-cm-jvt{S
N ZqtX k‘n hn]-cysbu..
2. ZqX Gh ln kw[tØ `n\-tØy-h N
kwl-Xm\v. ZqX-kvXXvIpcptX Icva- `n-Zyt¥
tb\ am\hmx..
3. _p≤zm kcvhw XtØz\ ]c-cm-P-NnIocvjn-Xav. XYm {]b-Xv\a
- m-Xn-jvTvZ
- y-Ym-ffflm
\w \ ]oUn-tbXv..
4. [\zZpcvKw alo-ZpcvK-a-_vZpcvKw hmcv£ta-h hm. \rZpcvKw Kncn-ZpcvKw hm kam-{inXy
htkXv]pcav..
5. GIx iXw tbm[-bXn {]mIm-ctÿm
[\pcv[cx. iXw Zikl-{kmWn XkvamZv
ZpcvKw hn[o-btX..
6. X’ym-Zm-bp-[-k-º∂w [\-[m-t\y\
hmlss\x. {_m“ssWx inev]n-`n-cy-ss{¥cyh-tk-t\mZtI\ N..
7. Xky at[y kp]-cym]vXw Imc-tbZv Krlam-fl\x. Kp]vXw kcvhcvXpIw ip{`w Pe-hr£-k-a-\zn-Xav..
8. XZ-[ymtkymZztl-Zv`mcymw khcvWmw
e£Wm\znXmav. Ipte- a-lXn kw`q-Xmw lrZymw cq]KpWm-\zn-Xmav..
9. ]ptcm-lnXw N IpcvhoX hrWp-bm-tZh
Ncv X zn- P av . tXfky KrlymWn Icv a mWn
Ipcypcvssh-Xm-\nIm\n N..
(a-\p. 7. 65; 66; 68; 70; 74˛-78)
1. ZWvU-\m-[n-Imcw apgp-h\pw a{¥n°p
sImSp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. hn\-b-{Inb (A-\ym-b-ambn
ZWv U w D]- t bm- K n- ° m- X n- c n- ° m≥ th≠Xp
sNøp- I ) F∂Xp ZWv U - \ m- [ n- I m- c - Ø n¬
Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p. `WvUmcw kq£n-∏v, cmjv{So-b-Imcy-ßƒ F∂nh cmPm-hns‚ A[o-\-Ønepw
cmPy- k w- _ - ‘ n- b mb Imcy- ß ƒ k`- b psS
Iognepw A\y-cm-Py-ß-tfmSp ssa{Xo hntcm-[Im-cy-ßƒ ZqXs‚ A[n-Im-c-Ønepw Bbn-cn-°Ww.
2. i{Xp-°sf an{X-ß-fm-°p-I-bpw an{X-sa∂p
`mhn-°p∂ ZpjvSsc AI-‰p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h\t{X ZqX≥. i{Xp-°sf AI‰n \n¿Øp∂
{]hr-Øn-bmWv ZqX≥ sNtø-≠-Xv.
3. k`m-]-Xn, kZ-ky-∑m¿, ZqX-∑m¿, apX-emb-h¿ hntcm-[n-I-fmb A\y-cm-Pm-°-∑m-cp-sSbpw
cmPy-Øn-s‚bpw bYm¿Y A`n-{]m-b-a-dn-™v,
tZmjw hcm-Ø-hÆw th≠Xp sNø-Ww.
4. kpµ-c-amb h\-ß-fp-≈Xpw [\-[m-\y-kº-∂-hp-amb {]tZ-iØv ([-\pcvZpcvKw) hn√m-
107
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[¿aw
fn-Iƒ D]-tcm-[n-°p-∂Xpw (a-lo-ZpcvKw) aÆpsIm≠p sIń-btXm (A-_vZpcvKw) Np‰pw sh≈ap-≈tXm (hmcv£w) Np‰pw ImSp-≈tXm (\rZpcvKw) \mep `mKØpw ssk\yw Imh-ep≈tXm (Kn-cn-ZpcvKw) \mep ]pdØpw ae-I-fp≈tXm Bb ÿm\Øv tIm´ ]Wn- b n®v
AXns‚ a≤y-Øn¬ \Kcw \n¿an-°-Ww.
5. \K-c-Øns‚ \mep-Np‰pw sImØ-f-ap≈
aXn¬ ]Wn-bn-°W
- w. AXn¬ \n∂p-sIm≠v Hcp
hn√m-fn-ho-c\v \qdp i{Xp-°-sfbpw \qdp hn√mfn-Iƒ°v ]Xn-\m-bncw i{Xp°-sfbpw t\cn-Sm≥
Ign-bpw. AXn-\m¬ tIm´-sIm-Ø-f-ßƒ AXymh-iy-am-Wv.
6. B tIm´, ikv{Xm-kv{X-ßƒ, [\-[m-\yßƒ, hml-\-ßƒ, ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw D]-tZ-in°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ {_m“-W¿, sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ,
\m\m-Xcw b{¥-ßƒ, I∂p-Im-en-Iƒ°p Xn∂phm-\p≈ ]p√v, sh≈w apX-em-b-h-bm¬ kar≤-am-bn-cn-°-Ww.
7. B tIm´-bpsS \Sp-hn¬ cmPm-hn\p th≠n
sh≈w, hr£-ßƒ, ]pjv]ß
- ƒ, F∂n-ht- bmSp
IqSn-bXpw k¿hYm kpc-£n-Xhpw F√m EXp°-fnepw kpJ-{]-Zhpw shfpØ \nd-Øn-ep-≈Xp-amb sIm´mcw ]Wn-bn-°-Ww. Cu sIm´mcw
\m´p-Im-cy-ßƒ apgp-h≥ \S-Øp-hm≥ ]cym-]vXam-bn-cn-°-Ww.
8. {_“-N-cy-{h-X-tØm-Sp-IqSn hnZy-I-sf√mw
A`y-kn®v hnhmlw hcp-∂Xp hsc cmPy-Imcyßƒ \S-Ø-Ww. AXn-\p-tijw kpµ-cn-bpw
klr-Z-b-bpw D∂-Xhpw DØ-a-hp-amb £{Xnb-Ip-eP
- m-Xb
- pw ip`-e£
- W
- b
- p-‡b
- pw A`y-kvXhn-Zy-bpw KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ß-fn¬ X\n-°-\p-cq]- b p- a mb I\y- I sb thƒ°Ww. as‰√m
kv{XoI-sfbpw AK-ay-I-fmbn KWn®v ZrjvSn
]Xn-∏n-°p-I-t]mepw sNøm-Xn-cn-°-Ww.
9. cmP-sIm-´m-c-Øn¬ sNtø-≠-Xmb A·ntlm-{Xw, ]t£jvSn apX-emb I¿a-ßƒ sNøp∂-Xn\v ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-scbpw EXzn-°p-I-sfbpw
\ntbm-Kn-°-Ww. cmPmhv Ft∏mgpw cmPy-Im-cyØn¬ am{Xw _≤-{i-≤-\m-bn-cn-°-Ww. kZm
cm-Py-Im-cy-ßƒ t\m°n Du\w hcmsX \S-Øp∂Xp Xs∂-bmWv cmPm-hns‚ kt‘ym-]m-k\mZn I¿a-ßƒ.
1. kmwh-’-cn-I-am-]v-ssX› cmjv{SmZmlmc-tb-Zv_-en-av. kym®m-av\m-b-]tcm temtIm
hcvtXX ]nXr-h-∂r-jq..
2. A[y-£m\znhn-[m\vIpcymØ{X X{X
hn]-›nXx. tXfky kcvhmWytht£-c∂r
Wmw ImcymWn Ipcvh-Xmav..
3.Bhr- Ø m\mw Kpcp- I p- e m- Z zn- { ]mWmav
]qPtIm `thXv. \r]m-Wm-a-£tbm tlyj
\n[ncv{_mt“mf`n[o-btX..
4. ktam- Ø - a m- [ ssa cmPm XzmlqXx
]meb\v{]Pmx. \ \nhcvtXX kw{Km-amXv£m
{Xw [cva-a-\p-kva-c\v..
5. Bl-thjp antYmft\ym\yw PnLmwk
t¥m alo£nXx. bp[y-am-\mx ]cw i‡ym
kzcvKw bm¥y-]-cm-MvapJmx..
6. \ N- l-\ym-’vY-em-cqVw \ ¢o_w \
Ir-Xm-RvP-enav. \ ap-‡-tIiw \mko\w \Xhm-kvaoXn hmZn-\av..
7. \ kp]vXw \ hn-k-∂mlw \ \·w \ \ncm-bp-[-av. \mbp[y-am\w ]iy¥w \ ]tcW
kam-K-Xav..
8. \mbp-[-hy-k\{]m]vXw \mcvXw \mXn-]cn-£-Xav. \ òXw \ ]-cm-hrØw kXmw [cvaa-\p-kva-c\v..
9. bkvXp- òXx ]cm-hrØx kw{Kmta l\ytX- ]sscx. `cvXp-cy-Zv Zp-jvIrXw In©n-ØXv
kcvhw {]Xn-]-ZytX..
10. b®mky -kp-IrXw In©n-Z-aq-{XmcvYap
]mcvPn-X-av. `cvXm -X-’cvh-am-ZtØ ]cm-hr-Øl-Xky Xp..
11. cYmizw lkvXn\w O{Xw [\-w [m\yw
]-iq\vkv{Xnbx. kcvh{Z-hym-Wn- Ip]yw 6 N
tbm b÷-bXn Xky- XXv.
12. cm⁄› ZZyp-cp-≤m-c-an-tXyjm sshZnIo- {ipXnx. cm⁄m N kcvh-tbmt[t`ym ZmXhya-]r-Y-KvPn-Xav..
(a\p. 7.80-˛82, 87, 89,91-˛97)
1. hm¿jn-I-\n-IpXn B]vX-]p-cp-j-∑m-cpsS
klm-b-tØm-Sp-IqSn ]ncn-s®-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
k`-bpsS A[n-]-Xn-bmb cmPmhpw {][m-\-∑mcmb cmP-]p-cp-j-∑mcpw AS-ßnb k` thZ-hn[n-{]-Imcw P\-ß-tfm-Sv ]nXr-Xpeyw s]cp-am-dWw.
6 kv{XoIƒ hn[-h-I-tfm ]p{X-\-jvS-tam ]nXr-\-jvStam
h∂p AK-Xn-Itfm Bbm¬ AhcpsS kwc-£-W-®p-aXe Pbn- ° p- ∂ - b m- f n- \ m- W v . hnj- b m- k - ‡ n- t bmsS
Ahsc ImW-cp-sX∂v t\csØ ]d-™p.
108
Bdmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
2. \m´p-Imcyw \S-Øp-hm≥ hnhn-[-h-Ip-∏-≤y£-∑msc k` \nb-an-°-Ww. a‰p-tZym-K-ÿ-∑m¿
\nb-a-{]-Imcw icn-bmbn {]h¿Øn-°p-∂pt≠m
F∂p-t\m-°p-Ibpw \nb-am-\p-krXw \S-°p-∂hsc _lp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw \nb-a-hn-cp-≤-ambn
{]h¿Øn-°p-∂hsc bYm-bp‡w in£n-°pIbpw sNøp-∂Xv B A≤y-£-∑m-cpsS Npa-Xe-bm-Wv.
3. cmPm-°-∑m-cpsS A£-b-`-WvUm-c-amWv
thZ-{]-Nm-cw. AXn-\m¬, thZ-ßsf {]N-cn-∏n°p-∂-Xn\v {_“-Ncym-\p-jvTm-\-tØm-sS, thZmZn-im-kv{X-ß-f-`y-kn-®v, Kpcp-Ip-e-Øn¬ \n∂v
aSßn hcp-∂-hsc cmPmhpw cmP-k-`bpw BZcn-°-Ww, AXp-t]mse P\-ßsf ]Tn-∏n®p
hnZzm-∑m-cm-°p∂ ]WvUn-X-∑m-scbpw BZ-cn-°Ww.
4. Cßs\ sNbvXm¬ cmPyØn¬ hnZym-`nhr-≤nbpw XZzmcm A`yp-Zb
- hpw D≠m-Ipw. Xs∂°mƒ _e-lo-\t\m X\n°p Xpeyt\m A[nI-_-e-hmt\m Bb i{Xp t]mcn\p hnfn-®m¬,
{]Pm-]-cn-]m-e\w sNøp∂ cmPmhv £{Xnb
[¿asØ kvacn- ® p- s Im≠v ]n¥n- c n™p
t]mImsX X\n°p hnPbw e`n-°-Ø-°-hÆw
]mS-h-tØm-Sp-IqSn t]mcm-S-Ww.
5. t]m¿°-f-Øn-en-dßn At\ym\yw \n{K-ln∏m≥ B{K- l n- ° p∂ cmPm- ° - ∑ m¿, kzkma¿∞y-a-\p-k-cn-®v, t]Sn-°m-sXbpw ]n¥n-cn-bmsXbpw t]mcm-Sn-bm¬ am{Xta Pbn-°q. AXn\m¬ bp≤-Øn¬ Hcn-°epw hnap-J-\m-I-cp-Xv.
F∂m¬ i{Xp-°sf tXmev]n-°p-∂-Xn\v Nnet∏mƒ ]n≥am-dp-∂-Xn¬ A\u-Nn-Xy-an-√. Fs¥∂m¬, FXn-cm-fn-Isf tXmev]n-°p-hm≥ F{]Imcw km[n-°ptam A{]-Imcw sNø-Ww. ISpwtIm]w ]q≠v t\cn-t´m-Sn-h-cp∂ knwlw £Wt\-cw- sIm≠v ikv{Xm-·n-bn¬ `kva-am-bn-Øocp-∂-Xp-t]mse hnUvVnØw sIm≠v A]-I-SØn¬ s]´p \mam-ht- i-j\
- m-Ip-∂Xv _p≤n-b√
- .
6. bp≤w sNøp-tºmƒ shdp-tX- \n¬°p-∂h-t\bpw \]pw-k-I-Øn-t\bpw ssIIq-∏p-∂-ht\bpw Xe-apSn Agn-®n-´-h-t\bpw Ccn-°p-∂-hs\bpw "Rm≥ Aßsb icWw {]m]n-®n-cn°p∂p' F∂p ]d-bp-∂-h-t\-bpw ˛
7. Dd-ßn-°n-S-°p-∂-h-t\bpw tamlm-e-ky-s∏´-h-t\bpw \·-t\bpw Bbp-[-c-ln-X-t\-bpw
bp≤w sNøp-∂Xp t\m°n-\n-ev°p-∂-h-t\-bpw
i{Xp-hns‚ Iq´p-Im-c-t\-bpw ˛
8. Bbp-[{- ]-lc
- t- a‰p ]pf-bp-∂h
- t- \-bpw ZpxJnX-t\-bpw h≥]-cnt°-‰-h-t\-bpw kwò-X-t\-bpw
t]Sn- t ®m- S p- ∂ - h - t \bpw k÷- \ - ß - f psS
[¿atam¿Øv Hcn-°epw sIm√-cp-Xv. Aß-s\bp-≈-hsc ]nSn-®v, ]cn-°n-√m-Ø-hsc XS-hnem°n Ah¿°p `£Ww hkv{X-ßƒ apX-embXp sImSp-°-Ww. apdn-hp-≈-hsc NnIn-’n-°Ww. Ahsc tIm]n-∏n-°p-Itbm ZpxJn-∏n-°pItbm Acp-Xv. bYm-tbm-Ky-amb {]hr-Øn-Iƒ
Ah-sc-s°m≠p sNøn-°-Ww. kv{XoIƒ, IpńIƒ, hr≤-∑m¿, BXp-c-∑m¿, ZpxJn-X-∑m¿ F∂nh-cpsS t\sc Hcn-°epw Bbp[w {]tbm-Kn-°cp-Xv. Ah-cpsS a°sf kzk-¥m-\-ß-sf-sb-∂t]mse c£n-°-Ww. AXp-t]mse kv{XoIsfbpw c£n-°-Ww. Ahsc ktlm-Z-cn-amsc
t]msebpw ]p{Xn-am-sc-t∏m-sebpw hnNm-cn-°Ww. hnj-bm-k-‡n-tbm-Sp-IqSn Ahsc t\m°pI-t]mepw sNø-cp-Xv. cmPy-Øn¬ kam-[m\w Dd®-Xn\p tijw ]n∂oSv FXn¿°p-sa∂v kwib-an-√m-Ø-hsc k¬°m-c-]q¿∆w hn´-b-bv°
Ww. ]n∂oSv FXn¿°p-sa∂p kwi-b-ap-≈-hsc
F∂pw Imcm-Kr-l-Øn¬ Xs∂ ]m¿∏n-°-Ww.
9. t]mcn¬ \n∂p ]n¥n-cn-bp-Itbm t]Snt®m-Sp-Itbm sNøp∂ `rXys\ i{Xp-°ƒ h[n®m¬ Ah≥ sNbvX ZpjvIr-Xy-Øn\v ac-W-tijhpw in£m¿l≥ Xs∂.
10. Ah≥ Cl- t em- I - Ø nepw ]c- t em- I Ønepw kpJ-ap-f-hm-°p∂ kpIrXw h√Xpw
sNbvXn-´p-s≠-¶n¬ AXns\ Ahs‚ bPam-\≥
C√mbva sNøp-∂p. `b-s∏t´mSth h[n-°-s∏Sp-∂-h\p bmsXmcp kpJhpw D≠m-Ip-∂n-√.
Ahs‚ ]pWy-êw apgp-h\pw \in-®p-t]m-Ip∂p. Ahs‚ kpIr-X^
- e
- a
- m-Is´ [¿am-\p-krXw
bp≤w sNøp-∂-h\p In´p-∂p.
11. tXcv, IpXn-c, B\, IpS, s\√v, ]Ww,
I∂p-Im-en-Iƒ, kv{XoIƒ, 7 a‰p≈ hkvXp°-sf√mw s\øv, FÆ, apX-emb Ip]y-ßƒ
F∂o ]Zm¿∞- ß - f n¬ h®v GtX- s X√mw
GtXXp ]S-bm-fnbpw ]S-\m-b-I\pw Iogvs]-SpØntbm AsX√mw Ahch¿°v Ah-Im-i-s∏-´Xm-Wv. C∏-d™ \nb-asØ Bcpw Hcn-°epw
ewLn-°-cp-Xv.
12. ssk\y-Øn-ep≈ `S-∑m¿ Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw
7 Cu «mI-Øns‚ A¿Yw c≠m-a-Xmbn Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v.
t«mIw ]I¿Øn Fgp-Xnb Bƒ hn´-Xm-hmw.
109
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[¿aw
A[o- \ am- ° nb ]Zm¿∞- ß - f psS ]Xn- \ m- d nsemcp `mKw cmPm- h n\pw F√m- h cpw IqSnt®¿∂p ]nSn-®-S-°n-bn-´p≈ [\-Øns‚ ]Xn\m- d n- s emcwiw cmPmhv Xs‚ `S- ∑ m¿°pw
sImSp-°-Ww. bp≤-Øn¬ acn-®p-t]mb `Ss‚
]¶v Ahs‚ `mcybvt°m a°ƒt°m sImSp°-Ww. acn-®-hs‚ `mcy-tbbpw {]m]vXn-bmImØ k¥m\-ß-sfbpw c£n-°p-Ibpw a°ƒ
Imcy-{]m-]vXn-t\-Sp-tºmƒ tbmKy-Xm-\p-k-cWw
tPmen sImSp-°p-Ibpw thWw. cmPy-Øns‚
A`n-hr-≤n, kpJ-k-ar-≤n, hnP-bw, ÿnc-{]XnjvT F∂n-h-sb√mw B{K-ln-°p∂-h≥ Cu
\nb-asØ Hcn-°epw ewLn-°-cp-Xv.
1. A-e_v[w ssNh en]vtkX e_v[w
ct£Xv {]b-Xv\Xx. c£nXw hcv[tb-ss®h
hr≤w ]mt{Xjp \nx£n-t]Xv..
(G-X®
- X
- pcvhn[w hnZymXv]pcp-jm¿Y-{]-tbmP-\av. Aky- \n-Xy-a-\p-jvTm\w kayIvIpcymZ-X-{µn-Xx..) *7)
2. Ae-_v[-an-t—-±-WvtU\ e_v[w ct£Zth£bm. c£nXw hcv[t- bZv hr≤ym hr≤av
Zmt\\ \nx£n-t]Xv..
3. Aam-b-ssbh hcvtXX \ IY-w-N\
ambbm. _pt≤y-Xmcn{]bp‡mw N ambmav\nXyw kzkw-hrXx..
4. \mky- On{Zw ]tcm hnZymZznZym—n{Zw ]c-kyXp Xp. KqtlXvIqcva Chm-MvKm\n ct£Zzn-hcamfl\x..
5. _I-h®
- n-¥t- b-ZcvYm\vknwl-h® ]cm-{ItaXv. hrI-h-®m-h-ep-tºX ii-h® hn\n-jv]tX-Xv..
6. Ghw hnP-b-am-\ky tbfky kypx ]cn]-Ÿn\x. Xm\m-\t- b-Zziw kcv∆m\vkmam-Zn-`ncp]-{Issax..
(bZn tX Xp \ Xnjv t T- b p- c p- ] mssbx
{]Yssakv{Xn`nx. ZWvtUss\h {]kssly
XmwivO\ssIcvh-i-am-\-tbXv..) 8
*7 -6-˛mw ivtfmI-Øn-\p-ti-jhpw CXp-t]mse hn´-Xmhmw
8 t]Pv 236-˛¬ 11-˛mw t«mI-Øns‚ A¿Y-Øn¬ I]yw F∂p
ImWp-∂Xv hymJm-\n-®n-ń-√. kz¿Æw sh≈n CXc
teml-ßƒ apX-em-b-h-sb√mw I]y-ß-fm-Wv. IuSneys‚ A¿Y-im-kv{X-Øn¬ Ht´sd hkvXp-°ƒ I]yØn¬ FÆn-bn-´p-≠v. (2.17) ae-bm-f-Ønse "Ip∏n'
t]mse hSs° C¥y-bnse ]e kwkm-c-`m-j-Ifnepw
"Ip∏m' F∂Xv s\√pw FÆbpw kw`-cn-®p-h®
- n-cn-°p∂
]m{X-am-Wv. {KŸ-Im-c≥ "Ip∏m' I]y-Øns‚ A]-{`w-iam-sW∂p Icp-Xn-bX
- m-hmw.
7. btYmZv[cXn \ncvZmXm IIvjw [ym\av
N cIvjXn. XYm cIvtj∂rt]m cmjv{Sav
l\ym® ]cn-]-Ÿn\x..
8. tamlm-{ZmPm kzcmjv{Sw bx Icvj-bXy-\-thIvjbm. tkmfNn-cmZv {ìytX cmPym÷o-hn-Xm® k_m-‘hx..
9. i-co-c-Icvj-WmXv{]mWmx Ivjobt¥
{]mWn\mw bYm. XYm cmPvRma]n {]mWmx
Ivjobt¥ cmjv{SIcvj-Wm-Xv..
10. cmjv{Sky kw{Ktl \nXyw hn[m-\-an-ZamN-tcXv. kpkw-Kr-lo-X-cmjvt{Sm ln ]mcvYn
hx kpJ-ta-[tX..
11. Zztbmkv{XbmWmw ]©m\mw at[y
Kpevaa-[njvTnXw. XYm {Kma-iX
- m\mw N Ipcym{Zmjv{Sky kw{K-l-av..
12. {Kma-kym-[n-]Xow IpcymZvZi-{Km-a-]Xnw
XYm. hnwi-Xoiw itXiw N kl-{k-]-Xntah N..
13. {KmatZmjm\v k apXv ] ∂m\v { KmanIx
i\ssIx kzbw. iwtkZv {Kma-Z-ti-imb
Ztitim hnwiXoint\..
14. hnwi-Xo-ikvXp X’cvhw itX-imb
\nth-Z-tbXv. iwtkZv {Kma-i-tXikvXp kl{k-]-Xtb kzbav..
15. tXjmw {Kmaym-Wn- Im-cymWn ]rY-°mcym-Wn -ssNh ln. cmt⁄m f \yx kNnhx
kv\nKv[kvXm\n ]tiy-Z-X-{µnXx.
16. \Ktc \Ktc ssNIw Ipcym-’cvhmcvY
Nn¥Iw. Dss®x ÿm\w tLmc-cq]w \£{XmWmanh- {K-lav..
17. k Xm-\-\p-]-cn-{Imta-’cvhm-t\h kZmkzbw. tXjmw hrØw ]cn- W - t b- ’ ay
{Kmjvt{Sjp X®sscx..
18. cmt⁄m ln c£m-[n-IrXmx ]c-kzmZm- b n\x iTmx. `rXym `h¥n {]mtbW
tXt`ym ct£-Znamx {]Pmx..
19. tb Im-cyn-tI-t`ym f cvYt- a-h K
- r-lvWobpx
]m]-tN-Xkx. tXjmw kcvh-kz-am-Zmb cmPm
IpcymXv{]hm-k-\av..
(a-\pkvarXn. 7.99,101,104-˛107,110,117,120-˛124)
1. cmPmhpw cmP-k`- bpw kzm[o-\Ø
- n-e√
- mØ
hkv X p- ° sf kºm- Z n- ° m≥ {ian- ° - W w.
ssIhiw Inńb hkvXp-°sf c£n-°-Ww.
c£n- ® - X ns\ h¿≤n- ∏ n- ° - W w, h¿≤n- ∏ n®
110
Bdmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
[\sØ thZ- h n- Z y, [¿aw F∂n- h - b psS
{]NmcWØn\pw hnZym¿Yn-Iƒ, thZam¿K-ap]- t Z- i n--° p- ∂ - h ¿, AwK- ` w- K - ° m¿, A\m- Y ¿
F∂n-h-cpsS c-£bv-°mbpw hn\n-tbm-Kn-°-Ww,
(]p-cp-j-{]-b-Xv\-Øns‚ {]tbm-P\w Cßs\
\mep hn[-Øn-em-sW∂p a\- n-em-°-Ww. AekX shSn™v Chsb F∂pw `wKn-bmbn A\pjvTn-°-Ww.)
2. A{]m-]vX-am-b-Xns\ ZWvUw sIm≠p
t\Sp-Ibpw t\Sn-b-Xns\ \nXyw t\m°n c£n°p-Ibpw c£n-®-Xns\ ]eni hmßnbpw a‰pw
h¿≤n-∏n-°p-I-bpw h¿≤n-∏n® [\sØ ap≥]d™-{]-Imcw sNe-h-gn-°p-Ibpw thWw.
3. BtcmSpw Hcn-°epw Im]Syw ImWn-°cpXv, Znh-kw-tXmdpw kzc£ sNøp-Ibpw i{Xp°-fpsS NXn-{]-tbm-K-ß-f-dn™v Ahbv°v ]cnlm-c-ap-≠m-°p-Ibpw thWw.
4. kz¥w _e-lo-\X i{Xp-°-f-dn-bm-ØhÆw ad-bv°p-Ibpw i{Xp-°-fpsS Zu¿_eyw
Adn-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøWw. Ba
Xs‚ AwK-ßsf ad®p hbv°p∂Xp-t]mse
i{Xp- ° ƒ {]th- i n- ° m- h p∂ Zzmc- ß sf
tKm]\w sNbvXp hbv°-W-w.
5. sIm°v [ym\-Øn-ep-d-®n-cp∂v a’y-ßsf
]nSn-°p-hm≥ Xcw t\m°p-∂-Xp-t]mse hnØ
kºm-Z\
- Ø
- n-\p≈ Btem-N\
- I
- ƒ sNbvXp-sIm≠n-cn-°-Ww. [\m-Zn-Iƒ kw`-cn-®v, _ew h¿≤n∏n-®v, i{Xp-°sf Pbn-°p-∂-Xn¬ knwl-tØt∏mse ]cm-{Iaw {]Z¿in-∏n-°-Ww. ]pen-sbt∏mse Hfn-®n-cp∂v FXn-cm-fn-Isf ]nSn-°-Ww.
Xs∂-°mƒ i‡n-tb-dnb i{Xp-°ƒ hcp-tºmƒ
apb- e n- t \- t ∏mse HmSn- b - I - ∂ p- t ]m- I p- I bpw
]n∂oSv Ahsc NXn®p ]nSn-°p-Ibpw thWw.
6. C{]-Imcw hnP-bn-®p-hm-gp∂ k`m-]-XnbpsS cmPy-Ønse ]cn-]-Ÿn-Isf (I-≈-∑mscbpw Ih¿®-°m-sc-bpw) (km-a) CW-°nbpw
(Zm- \ ) h√Xpw- s Im- S pØpw (t`- Z ) XΩn¬
Ø√n®pw hi-Øm-°-Ww. (A-ßs\ hi-ØmIm-Ø-h-cp-s≠¶n¬ Ahsc AXn-I-Tn-\-amb
in£-sIm≠v {ItaW hi-s∏SpØ-Ww)
7. hnf-sh-Sp-°p-∂-h≥ ]Xncp If™v [m\yw
am{Xw FSp-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse cmPmhv I≈-∑-mscbpw Ih¿®-°m-scbpw sIm∂v cmPysØ
c£n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
8. Adn- h n- √ m- b v a - s Im≠pw t\m´- ° p- d - h psIm≠pw Xs‚ cmPysØ Zp¿∫-e-am-°p∂
cmPm-hv, Xs‚ cmPy-tØmSpw _‘p-P-\-ßtfmSpw IqSn AIm-e-Øp-Xs∂ \in-°p-∂p.
9. icocw £oWn-∏n-®m¬ {]mW-£bw hcptºmse P\-ßsf Ai-‡-cm-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v
cmPm-°-∑m-cpsS {]mW-\mb tk\m-_-e-hpw
a‰pw _‘p-P\ klnXw \in-°p-∂p.
10. AXn-\m¬ cmPmhpw cmP-k-`bpw \m´pIm-cy-ßƒ `wKn-bmbn \S-Øp-hm≥ ]cn-{i-an-°Ww. {]Pm-]-cn-]m-e-\-Øn¬ F√m-hn-[-Ønepw
PmK-cq-I-\m-bn-cn-°p∂ cmPm-hn\v kpJw h¿≤n®p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°pw.
11. ct≠m aqt∂m At©m \qtdm {Kmaßƒ°v Hcp cmPy-Im-cym-ebw ÿm]n-®v, AXn¬
Bh-iy-Øn\v DtZym-K-ÿ-∑msc \nb-an®p \m´pIm-cy-ßƒ \S-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.
12. Hmtcm {Kma-Ønepw Hmtcmtcm {][m-\nsb
\nb-an-°-Ww. ]Øp {Kma-ß-fpsS ta¬t°m-bvabv°mbn Hcmƒ, Ccp-]Xp {Kma-ß-fpsS tae-[nIm-cn-bmbn thsdm-cmƒ, \qdp {Kma-ßfpsS taet\z-j-W-Øn\v Hcmƒ, Bbncw {Kma-ß-fpsS
A[n-]-Xn-bmbn thsdm-cmƒ Cßs\ A[n-Imcn-Isf \nb-an-°W
- w. Hmtcm {Kma-Ønepw Hmtcm
{]h¿Øym-sc-bpw ]Øp {]hr-Øn-Iƒ Iqńt®¿∂v Hcp A[n-Im-cn-sbbpw c≠p A[n-Im-cnIƒ°v Hcp tae-[n-Im-cn-sbbpw A©p-ta-e-[nIm-cn-Iƒ°v Hcp Xl-io¬Zm-scbpw ]Øp Xlio-en\v Hcp Pn√-tbbpw \n›-bn-®n-´p-≈Xv a\pkvarXn apX-emb [¿a imkv{X-ß-fn¬ ]d-™n´p≈ cmPy `c- W - c oXn A\p- k - c n- ® m- s W∂¿∞w.
13. C{]- I mcw \nb- a n- ® n- ´ v, Hmtcm
{]h¿Øymcpw Xs‚ {Kma-Øn¬ Znh-kt¥mdpw
kw`- h n- ° p∂ Imcy- ß ƒ AXmXpZnhkw
Xs∂ KqV-ambn A[n-Imcnsb Adn-bn-°-Wsa∂pw A[n-Imcn Xs‚ Iogn-ep≈ ]Øp {Kmaß-fp-sSbpw h¿Ø-am\w Znh-tk\ tae-[n-Imcnsb Adn-bn-°-W-sa∂pw hyhÿ sNø-Ww.
14. tae-[n-Imcn Xs‚ A[n-Im-cØ
- n-ep≈ Ccp]Xp {Kma-ß-fnse h¿Ø-am\w Xl-io¬Zmsc
Znh-kw-tXmdpw Adn-bn-°-Ww. AXp-t]mse
Xl-io¬Zm¿ Xs‚ Iogn-ep≈ \qdp {Kma-ßfnse kw`-h-ß-sf√mw Pn√m -A[n-Im-cnsb Znhkhpw Adn-bn-°-Ww, Pn√m-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ Zi-Pn√m-[n-Im-cn-tbbpw Zi-Pn-√m-[n-Im-cn, Zi-kl
- {- km[n-]X
- n-sb-bpw Zi-kl
- {- km-[n-]X
- n-Iƒ e£-{Kmam-[n-]-Xn-sb-bpw e£-{Km-am-[n-]Xn cmP-k-`-sb-
111
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[¿aw
bpw h¿Ø-am-\-ßƒ {]Xn-Zn\w Adn-bn-t°-≠Xm-Wv. Aß-s\-Xs
- ∂, F√m cmP-k`- I
- fpw almcm-Pk
- `
- bv°v km¿h-ùa\mb N{I-h¿Øn-bpsS
k`-bn-te-°v-˛-`q-tKm-f-Øn-ep≈ kIe hrØm¥-ßfpw Adn-bn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°-Ww.
15. ]Xn-\m-bncw {Kma-ß-f-S-ßnb Hmtcm hn`mK-Øn\pw {]tXyIw Cu c≠p k`m-]-Xn-Isf
\nb-an-°W
- w. Ah-cn-sem-cmƒ cmP-k`- b
- n-en-cp∂v
Xs‚ A[n-Im-cØ
- n-ep≈ kwÿm-\sØ kw_‘n® Imcy-ßƒ \S-Ø-Ww. at‰-bmƒ aSn-IqSmsX \mSp-tXmdpw k©-cn-®p-sIm≠v \ymbm[n-]Xn apX-emb cmP-`r-Xy-∑m-cpsS {]hr-ØnIsf kZm ]cn-tim-[n-®p- sIm-≠n-cn-°-Ww.
16. Hmtcm henb ]´-W-Ønepw ImcymtemN-\-k` IqSp-hm-\mbn at\m-l-chpw AXyp-∂X-hpw hnim-e-hpw N{µ-s\-t∏mse [h-f-h¿Wap≈ Hmtcm aµncw \n¿an-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. hnZymhr-≤-∑m¿ B k`m-a-µn-c-ß-fn-en-cp∂p cmPy-Imcy-ßsf kw_-‘n-®p≈ Btem-N-\-Iƒ \SØn-s°m-≠n-cn-°-Ww.
17. KqV-k-©mcw sNøp∂ Nmc-∑m-sc-√mhcpw tZiw-tXmdpw k©-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂
k`m- ≤ y- £ s‚ Iogn- e m- b n- c n- ° - W w. Ah¿
£{Xn-btcm A√m-Ø-htcm BImw. {]P-I-fpsSbpw cmPy-`r-Xy-∑m-cp-sSbpw kI-e-Kp-W-tZmj- ß - t fbpw Nm- c - ∑ m- c n¬ \n∂v KqV- a mbn
Adn™v A]-cm-[n-Isf in£n-°p-Ibpw KpWhm-∑msc _lp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Ip∂p.
18. [m¿an-I-cpw hnZzm-∑m-cpw Ipeo-\-cpw kp]co-£n-Xcpw Bb-h¿°p am{Xta {]Pm kwc£-Wm[n-Imcw cmPmhv \¬Im-hq. Ah-cpsS
Iogn-ep-≈-h¿ km[m-c-W-bmbn iT-∑mcpw ]c{Zhyw A]-lc
- n-°p-∂h
- c
- p-am-bn-cn-°pw. cmP-`r-Xy∑m-cmbn Ah-scbpw \nb-an®v Zpjv-{]-hr-Øn-Ifn¬ \n∂p ]n≥am‰m≥ {ian-°-Ww. Ah-cpsS
tae-[n-Im-cn-I-fmbn hnZzm-∑msc \nb-an®v AhcpsS D]-{Z-h-ß-fn¬ \n∂v {]P-Isf c£n-°Ww.
19. hmZn-bp-sS-bpw {]Xn-bp-sSbpw ssIøn¬
\n∂v ssI°qen hmßn, \oXn-\ymbw \S-Øp∂-Xn¬ ]£-]mXw ImWn-°p∂ cmP-`r-Xys‚
kzØp apgp-h\pw I≠p-sIń X°-in-£bpw
\¬In \mSp-IS- Ø
- W
- w. Aßs\ in£ \¬ImXn-cp-∂m¬ Abmsf A\p-I-cn®v a‰p-≈-hcpw
Agn-aXn XpS-ßpw. in£n-°p∂ ]£w a‰p-≈-
h¿ Agn-aXn XpS-ßp-I-bn-√. F∂m¬ \oXn\ymbw \S-Øp∂ B cmP-`r-Xy-∑-m-cpsS t£aPo-hn-X-Øn\pw [\-k-ºm-Z-\-Øn\pw Bh-iy-amb{X [\tam `qkztØm cmPy-Øn¬ \n∂p
amk-iº
- f
- t- am hm¿jn-Im-i\
- a
- mtbm As√-¶n¬
H∂m- b n´p Xs∂tbm sImSp- t °- ≠ - X m- W v .
hm¿≤-Iy-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS thX-\Ø
- n¬ ]IpXn
hoXw sImSp- ° - W w. F∂m¬ Ah¿°p
\evIp∂ ASp-Øq¨ Pohn-®n-cn-°p-t∂-StØmfa-√msX ac-W-tijw XpS-c-cp-Xv. F∂m¬, AhcpsS k¥m-\ß
- ƒ°v tbmKy-Xm-\p-kc
- Ww BZchpw DtZym-Khpw \¬Ip-∂Xv Bhiyw Xs∂bm-Wv. {]m]vXn-bm-ImØ Ipń-I-fp-s≠-¶n¬
Ah¿°pw `mcy Pohn-®n-cn-∏p-s≠-¶n¬ Ah¿
°pw Ah- ÿ - b v s °m- Ø - h Æw \nXy- h rØn
\n¿h-ln-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ [\w `WvUm-c-Øn¬
\n∂p Xs∂ \¬I-Ww. F∂m¬ Ah¿ ZpcmNm-cn-I-fm-sW-¶n¬ H∂pw sImSp-°-cp-Xv. Cu
\bsØ cmPmhv icn-bmbn c£n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
Icw ]ncn-hv
1. bYm ^te\ bqtPyX cmPm IcvØm N
Icva-Wm-av. XYmfth£y \rt]m cmjv{Sw
Iev]tb-’-XXw Icm\v..
2. bYmev]m f ev]a-Z¥ym ff Zyw hmtcymtIm-h’jSv]Zmx. XYm- f ev]m f evt]m {KloX-thym cmjv{Sm-{Zm⁄m_vZnIx Icx..
3. t\m—n-Zym-Zm-flt\m aqew ]tcjmw NmXnXr-jvWb
- m. D—n-µ≥lym-flt\m aqe-am-flm\w
Xmw› ]oU-tbXv..
4. Xo£vW-ss›h arZp› kymXvImcyw
ho£y alo- ] Xnx. Xo£v W ss›h arZpss›h cmPm `hXn kwaXx.
5. Ghw kcvhw hn[m-tbZ-anXnIcvØhy
amfl\x. bp‡-ss›-hm-{]-a-Ø› ]cn-c-t£Znamx {]Pmx..
6. hnt{Im-it¥ym bky cmjv{SmZv{[nbt¥
Zkyp`nx {]Pmx. kw]-iyXx k`rXyky arXx
k \ Xp PohXn..
7. £{Xn-bky ]tcm [cvax {]Pm-\m-tah
]me-\-av. \ncvZn-jvS-^-e-t`m‡m ln cmPm
[cvtaW bqPytX..
(a-\pkvarXn. 7.128,129,139,140,142-˛144)
1. cmPm-hv, cmP-`r-Xy-∑m¿, {]P-Iƒ, sXmgnem-fn-Iƒ F∂n-h¿s°√mw kpJ-ap-≠m-I-Ø-°hÆw cmPmhpw cmP-k-`bpw IqSn Btem-Nn®p
112
Bdmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
\mń¬ \nIpXn \n›-bn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
2. ]ip-°p-ń, h≠v F∂nh `£WsØ
Aev ] m- e v ] - a mbn Dƒs°m- ≈ p- ∂ - X p- t ]mse
cmPmhv \m´p-Im-cn¬ \n∂v B≠p-tXmdpw AXyev]-amb \nIpXn am{Xta ]ncn-s®-Sp-°m-hq.
3. AXym-{Klw \nanØw Ah-\-h-s‚bpw
A\y-cp-sSbpw kpJ-Øns‚ aqe-Im-c-WsØ
Hcn-°epw thtcmSp IqSn apdn®p If™v \in∏n-°c
- p-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬ ]pcp-j{- ]-bX
- v\t- Øbpw
kpJ-tØbpw D∑-q-e\w sNøp-∂-h≥ Ah-\-hs\-Ø-s∂bpw A\y-∑m-tcbpw ZpxJn-∏n-°p-IbmWv sNøp-∂-Xv.
4. cmPmhv kabw t\m°n Xo£vW kz`mhntbm arZp kz`m-hntbm BI-Ww. ZpjvS-tcmSv
{Iqc-ambpw \√-h-tcmSp kuay-ambpw s]cp-amdp∂ cmPmhv _lp-am-\y-\m-Ip-∂p.
5. cmPmhv C{]-Imcw \m´p-Im-cy-ßƒ \S-Øphm-\p-≈ G¿∏m-Sp-I-sf√mw sNbvXv, kZm {]amZ-c-ln-X-\mbn k{i≤w {]P-Isf ]cn-]m-en-t°≠-Xm-Wv.
6. cmPmhpw cmP-`r-Xy-∑mcpw t\m°n-bn-cns°
B¿Ø-cmb P\-ßf
- psS {]mW[-\m-Zn-Iƒ A]l-cn®v sIm≠p-t]m-Ip∂ ]£w B cmPmhv
a{¥n-am-tcmSp IqSn \in-®p-t]m-b-Xmbn´mWv a\ n-em-t°-≠-Xv, Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-s≠-∂-√. B
alm-cm-Pmhv alm-Zpx-Ja
- \
- p-`h
- n-°m-sX-bn-cn-°n-√.
7. cmPm-°-∑m-cpsS ]c-a-amb [¿aw {]Pm-]cn-]m-e\w Xs∂-bm-Wv. a\p-kvar-Xn-bn¬ Ggma-[ym-bØ
- n¬ ]d-™n-´p≈ \nIp-Xn-]n-cnhp \nba-tØbpw k`m-ÿm-]\ \nb-a-tØbpw A\pk-cn®v {]h¿Øn-°p∂ cmPmhp [¿a-tØmSp
IqSn-b-h\pw kpJ-a-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-h\pw BIpw.
AXn\p hn]-co-X-ambn {]h¿Øn®m¬ ZpxJn-°pIbpw sNøpw.
Zn-\-N-cy
1. D∞mb ]›nta bmta IrX-iuNx kamlnXx lpXm-·n¿{_m-“-Wmw-›m¿®y {]hnti’ ip`mw k`mav
2. X{X ÿnXmx {]Pmx k¿∆mx {]Xn-\µy
hnk¿P tbXv hnkrPy N {]Pmx k¿hm a{¥tb-’l a{¥n`nx
3. Kncn-]rjvTw kamcply {]kmZw hm
ctlm-KXx ActWy \nxi-emtI hm a{¥-tbZ-hn-`m-hnXx
4. bky a{¥w \ Pm\¥n kam-Kay ]rY-
KvP\mx k Ir’v\mw ]rYn-how-tX tImi-lot\m]n ]m¿Ynhx (a\p. 7˛145-˛148)
cmPmhp cm{Xn-bpsS A¥y-bm-am-cw-`-Øn¬
DW¿s∂-gp-t∂-‰v, ico-c-ip≤n hcp-Øn, Cuizc-[ym-\-hpw, A·n-tlm-{Xhpw sNbvXv [m¿an-I∑m-cmb hnZzm-∑msc kevI-cn-®-Xns‚ tijw
`£Ww Ign®v Ac-a-\-bn-ep≈ cmP-k-`-bn¬
{]th-in-°-Ww.
2. AhnsS h∂v \n¬°p∂ P\-ßsf _lpam-\n®v XncnsI Ab-®-Xn\p tijw {][m-\-a{¥n-tbm-Sp-IqSn cmPy-Im-cy-hn-Nmcw sNø-Ww.
3. ]n∂oSv a{¥n-tbmSp IqSn \S-°m≥ t]mIWw. ae-ap-I-fn-tem, GIm-¥-Kr-l-Øntem ap≈n√mØ CS-Xq¿∂ ImSp-I-fn-tem, GIm-¥-ÿetØm sN∂n-cp∂v \njv]£
- \
- mbn IqSn-bm-temNn-°-Ww.
4. a‰p-≈-h¿ F{X {ian-®mepw KqV-Im-cyßƒ Adn-bm≥ km[n-°m-Ø, K≠o-cy-hpw, ]cnip-≤-hpw, ]tcm-]-Im-cm¿Y-hp-amb Kp]vX-hn-Nmc-ß-fp≈ cmPmhv [\-lo-\-\m-sW-¶nepw `qaWvUew AS-°n-hm-gp-hm≥ ka¿Y-\m-bn-cn-°pw.
AXn-\m¬ cmPmhv k`mw-K-ß-f-\p-h-Zn-°p-∂Xn\p apºpv bmsXm∂pw btYjvSw sNø-cp-Xv.
k-‘n-˛-bp≤w apX-em-b-h
1. Bk\w ssNh bm\w N k‘nw hn{Klta-hN Imcyw ho£y {]bp-⁄oX ssZz[w
kw{i-b-ta-hN.
2. k‘nw Xp Zznhn[w hnZym-{ZmPm hn{K-lta- h N Dt` bm\m- k t\ ssNh Zznhn[x
kw{ibx kvarXx.
3. kam-\-bm-\-I¿am N hn]-co-X-kvX-ssYhN
XYm
XzmbXn
kwbp‡x
k‘n¿t⁄tbm Zzne-£Wx
4. kzbw IrX› ImcycvY-a-Imte Ime
Gh hm an{Xky ssNhm-]-IrtX Zznhnt[m
hn{Klx kvarXx.
5. GIm-In-\-›m-Xy-bntI Imtcy {]m]vtX
bZr-—bm kwl-Xky N ant{XW Zznhn[w
bm\-ap-Ny-tX.
6. £oWky ssNh {Iatim ssZhmXv
]q¿h- I r- t X\hm. an{Xky Nm\p- t cm- t [\
Zznhn[w kvarXamk-\av.
7. _eky kzman- \ - s s›h ÿnXnx
Imcym¿∞ kn≤tb. Zznhn[w Io¿XytX
113
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[¿aw
ssZz[w jmUvKpWyKpW-th-Zn`nx
8. A¿Y-k-ºm-Z-\m¿Yw N ]oUy-am\x k
i{Xp`nx. km[pjp hy]-tZ-imcvYw Zznhn[x
kw{i-bx-ka
- rXx. bZm-hK
- t- —-Zm-bX
- ym-am-[nIyw
{[ph-am-fl\x XZmtXz Nmev]nImw ]oUmw
XZm-k‘nw kam-{i-tbXv.
10. bZm {]lr„m at\yX kcvhmkvXp
{]Ir-Xo¿`r-iav AXyp-{—nXw XYm-flm-\w-XZm
IpcvhoX hn{K-lav.
11. bZm at\yX `mth\ lrjvSw ]rjvSw
_ew kzIav. ]cky hn]-coXw N XZm bmbm{Zn]pw {]Xn.
12. bZm Xp kymXv]-cn-£otWm hml-t\\
_te\ N XZm-koX {]b-Xvt\\ i\ssIx
kmwXz-b-∂-co≥.
13. at\y-Xmcnw bZm cmPm kcvh-Ym-_-e-hØcw XZm Zzn[m _ew IrXzm km[-tb-XvImcy-am-fl\x.
14. bZm ]c-_-em\mw Xp Ka-\o-b-Xtam
`thXv XZm Xp kw{i-tbXv £n{]w [mcvanIw
_en\w \r]av.
15. \n{Klw {]Ir-Xo-\mwN IpcymtZmfcn_eky N D]- t k- h X Xw \nXyw k¿h- b Xvss\cvKpcpw bYm.
16. bZn X{Xm]n kw]-tiy-t±mjw kw{i-bIm-cn-Xav. kpbp-≤-tah X{Xm]n \ncvhn-iwIx.
kam-N-tc-Xv.
1. (B-k\
- w) ÿncX (bm-\w) i{Xp-°t- fmSp
bp≤w sNbvhm≥ t]mhpI (k-‘nx) Ah-tcmSv
k‘n sNøpI (hn-{K-lx) ZpjvS-i-{Xp-°-tfmSp
bp≤w sNøpI (ssZz-[w) ssk\ysØ c≠mbn
hn`-Pn®v hnPbw t\SpI (kw-{i-bw) _e-lm\n
hcp-tºmƒ {]_-e-\mb thsdmcp cmPm-hns\
B{i-bn-°pI F∂n-ßs\ Bdp hn[-Øn-ep≈
I¿Ω-ß-tfbpw bYm-tbmKyw Imcy-hn-Nmcw
sNbvXv bp‡-am-bXp kzoI-cn-°-Ww.
2. k‘n, hn{K- l w, bm\w, Bk- \ w,
ssZz[o-`mhw kw{ibw F∂nh Cuc≠p XcØn-ep-≠v. Ah-tb-sX∂v cmPmhp \∂mbn Adnb-Ww.
3. k‘n:˛ i{Xp-°-tfmSp IqSn kvt\l-ambn-cn-°p-I, AYhm XZzn-]-co-X-ambn {]h¿Øn°p-I, h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Ønepw `mhn-Im-eØpw
sNtø-≠Xp \n¿hnLv\w sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°Ww. CXmWv c≠p-Xcw k‘n-Iƒ.
4. hn{Klw :˛ kz¥w Imcy-kn-≤n°v HuNnXyhpw A\u-Nn-Xyhpw t\m°msX sNøp∂
bp≤w, an{X-Øn-t\mSv A]-cm[w sNøp∂ i{Xphn-t\m-Sp≈ t]mcm´w F∂n-ßs\ c≠p hn[Øn-emWv hn{K-lw.
5. bm\w:˛ Fs¥-¶nepw Imcyw km[n-°p∂-Xn\v GIm-In-bmbn s]s´∂p i{Xp-hns‚
t\sc t]mcn\p ]pd-s∏-SpI; _‘p-°-tfmSp
IqSn i{Xp-hns\ B{I-an-°m≥ Hcp-ßn-∏p-d-s∏SpI F∂n-ßs\ bm\w c≠p-hn-[-Øn-ep-≠v.
6. Bk\w:˛ GsX-¶nepw Imc-W-h-im¬
{ItaW Zp¿_-e-\m-hp-I, an{X-ßƒ XS-™p\n¿Øp-I-bm¬ kzÿm-\Øp Xs∂ \nev°pI
F∂n-h-bmWv Zznhn-[m-k-\-ßƒ.
7. ssZz[o-`mhw:˛ Imcyw t\Sp-hm≥ tk\m]-Xn-I-tfbpw ssk\y-tØbpw c≠mbn hn`Pn®p hnPbw t\Sp-∂t{X c≠p-Xcw ssZz[w.
8. kw{ibw:˛ Imcy-kn-≤n°v _e-hm-\mb
cmPm-hns\ B{i-bn-°p-I. AYhm alm-flmhns\ icWw {]m]n-°pI F∂nh sNbvXv
i{Xp-]o-U-bn¬ \ns∂m-gn-bp-∂-Xns\ c≠p-hn-[Øn-ep≈ kw{i-bw-˛-B-{ibw ˛F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
9. X¬°mew bp≤w sNbv X m¬ Ipd®p
\jvSw kw`-hn-°p-sa∂pw bp≤w \oń-h-®m¬
\n›-ba
- mbpw hnP-bhpw A`n-hr-≤nbpw D≠mIpsa∂pw ImWp- t ºmƒ i{Xphnt\mSv k‘nsNbvXv DNn-X-amb Ah-kcw ]m¿Øv ss[cyam-bn-cn-°-Ww.
10. Xs‚ cmPy-Øn-ep≈ kIe P\-ßfpw
ssk\yhpw k¥p-jvScpw ]ptcm-Ka
- t\m∑p-Jcpw
t{ijvT-cp-am-sW∂pw Xm\pw A{]-Im-c-ap-≈-h\m-sW∂p tXm∂p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ am{Xta
i{Xp-hn-t\mSv bp≤-Øn\p ]pd-s∏-Sm-hq.
11. Xs‚ ssk\yw k¥p-jvSnbpw ]pjvSnbpw
{]k- ∂ - X - b p- ≈ - X m- b n- c n- ° bpw adn®v i{Xpssk\yw Zp¿_-ea
- m-sW∂p ImWp-Ibpw sNøptºmƒ i{Xp-hn-t\mSv bp≤-Øn\p ]pd-s∏-S-Ww.
12. Xs‚ ssk\yhpw hml-\-ßfpw £oWZ-isb {]m]n-°p-tºmƒ i{Xp-°sf aµw aµw
km¥z-\w-sNbvXv bp≤w \n¿Øn ]n≥hm-ßW
- w.
13. i{Xp A[nIw _e-hm-\m-sW∂v Adn-bptºmƒ cmPmhp Xs‚ ssk\ysØ c≠mbn hn`Pn®v Xs‚ Imcyw km[n-°Ww.
14. _e-hm-\mb i{Xp Xmakw IqSmsX
B{I-an-°p-sa∂v Adnhp Inń-bm-ep-Ss\ [m¿an-
114
Bdmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
I\pw _e-hm-\p-amb as‰mcp cmPm-hns\ AXnthKw B{i-bn-°-Ww.
15. Xm≥ B{i-bn® cmPmhv ssk\y-_ew
sIm≠p i{Xp-ssk-\ysØ Xpc-Øp-hm≥ i‡\m-sW-¶n¬ At±-lsØ Kpcp-Xp-ey-\mbn KWn®v, \nXyhpw Ign-bpw-hÆw tkhn-°-Ww.
16. B{i- b n- ® - b m- f ns‚ {]hr- Ø n- I - f n¬
tZmjw I≠m¬ Abm-tfmSpw \n¿hn-i¶w bp≤w
sNøp-I-Xs∂ thWw Hcn-°epw [m¿an-I-\mb
cmPm-hns\ FXn¿°-cp-Xv. Ft∏mgpw aa-X-bn-embn-cn-°-Ww.
1. kcvthm-]m-ssb-kvXYm Ipcym-∂o-Xn⁄x
]rYn- h o- ] Xnx bYm- k ym- ` y- [ nIm \kyp¿
ant{Xm-Zm-ko-\-i-{Xhx.
2. BbXnw kcv∆-Im-cymWmw XZmXzw \
hnNm-c-tb-Xv. AXo-Xm\mw N kcvthjmw
KpW-tZmju N XØzXx.
3. BbXymw KpW-tZm-j⁄ kvXZmtXz
£n{]-\n-›bx AXotX Imcy tij⁄x
i{Xp-`ncv∂m-`n-`q-b-tX.
4. bssY\w \m`n-kw-Z-[ypcvan-t{Xm-Zm-ko\
i{Xhx XYm kcv∆w kwhn-Z-[ym-tZj kmamkntIm \bx
1. \oXn-⁄-\mb cmPm-hv, i{Xp-°ƒ, a≤yÿ-∑m¿, an{X-ßƒ F∂n-h¿ Xt∂-°m-f-[nIw
_e-hm-\m-Im-Xn-cn-∏m\p≈ D]m-b-ß-sf√mw
sNbvXp-sIm-≈-Ww.
2. ]≠v sNbvX-Xpw, Ct∏mƒ sNøp-∂-Xpw,
C\n sNtø≠Xp-amb F√m Imcy-ß-fp-sSbpw
KpW-tZm-j-ß-sf-∏‰n bYm¿Y-ambn Nn¥n-°Ww.
3. ]n∂oSv tZmj-]-cn-lm-c-Øn\pw KpW-ßƒ
ÿmbn-bm-°m\pw bXv\ n-°-W w. `mhn- bn¬
sNøm≥ t]mIp∂ Imcy-ß-fpsS KpW-tZm-jßƒ {i≤n-°p-∂-h\pw Ct∏mƒ sNtø-≠Xv DS\Sn sNøp- ∂ - h \pw sNbv X p- I - g n- ™ - X ns‚
_m°n F¥p-sN-ø-W-sa-∂-dn-bp-∂-h-\p-amb
cmPmhv Hcn-°epw tXm¬°p-I-bn-√.
4. an{Xw, \njv]-£≥, i{Xp F∂n-h-cmcpw
cmPm-hn-t\tbm {]P-I-tf-tbm his∏-Sp-Øm-sXbn-cn-°m≥ cmP-`r-Xy-∑mcpw hninjy k`m-]-Xnbmb cmPmhpw k¿h-{]-Im-tc-Wbpw {]h¿Ønt°- ≠ - X m- W v . CXp- X - s ∂- b t{X cmPy- X - { ¥Øns‚ Npcp-°w.
bp-≤-Øn-s\m-cp-°w
1. IrXzm-hn-[m\w aqte Xp bm{XnIw N
bYm-hn[n. D]-Kr-lym-kv]Zw ssNh Nmcm≥
kay-Kzn-[mb N.
2. kwtim[y {Xnhn[w amcvKw jSvhn[w N
_ew kzI-av. kmw]-cm-bn-I-I-evt]\ bmbm-Zcn-]pcw iss\x.
3. i{Xp-tk-hn\n ant{XN KqtV bpIX
Xtcm-`-thXv KX-{]-Xym-KtX ssNh kln-IjvS-X-tcm-cn]px.
(hn-hn[ hyql-ßƒ)
4. ZWvU-hyq-tl\ X≥amcv§w bmbmØp
iI-tS\ hm. hcm-l-a-I-cm`ymw hm kqNym
hm Kcp-tU\ hm.
5.bX› `b-am-iw-tI-ØtXm hnkvXmc
tbXv _e-av. ]tfl\ ssNh hyqtl\ \nhni-tb-XkZm kzb-av.
6. tk\m-]Xn _em-≤yIvtj, kcvh Zn£p
\nth-i-tb-Xv, bX› `b-am-i-t¶Xv {]mNow
Xmw Iev]-tb-±o-i-av.
7. Kpevamw› ÿm]-tb-Zm-]vXm≥ IrX
kw⁄m≥ ka-¥Xx ÿmt\ bpt≤ N Ipiem-\-òcq-\hn-Im-cn-Wx.
8. kwl- Xm≥ tbm[- t b- Z - e v ] m≥ Imaw
hnkv X mc tbZv _lq≥ kqNym ht{PW
ssNssh Xm≥ hyqtl\ hqly tbm[-tbXv
9. kyµ-\mssizx kta bpt≤y Z\qt]
s\uZzn- s s]- k v X Ym hr£- K p- e v a m- h rtX
Nmss]-c-kn-Ncvam-bpss[x ÿte.
10. {]l¿j- t b- Z v _ ew hyql Xmw›
kayIv ]co-£-tbZv. tNjvSm-ss›h hnPm\o-bm-Z-co≥ tbm[-b-Xm-a]n.
11. D]-cp[ym-cn-am-koX cmjv{Sw Nmtkym]
]oU-tbXv Zqjtb®mky kXXw bh-kmt∂m-Z-tI-‘-\av.
12. `n≥Zym-ss®h XUm-Km\n {]mIm-c-]cn
JmkvXYm. ka-h-kvI-µ-tb-ss®\w cm{Xu
hn{Xm-k-tb-ØYm.
(]-cm-Pn-X-t\m-Sp≈ s]cp-am-‰w)
13. {]am-Wm\n N Ip¿hoX tXjmw [cvam
\ytYm-Zn-Xm≥. cXvss\› ]qP-tb-tZ\w {][m\-]p-cpssjx kl.
14. BZm-\a
- {- ]n-bI
- cw Zm\© {]nb-Im-cI
- av
115
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[¿aw
Aò-]vknXm-\m-acvYm\mw Imte bp‡w {]ikytX.
(a-\p. 7. 184-˛192;194˛196; 203;204)
1. bp≤-Øn\p ]pd-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ cmPy-c-£bv°p-th-≠-sX√mw sNbvXv ssk\yw, bm\ßƒ, hml-\-ßƒ, ikv{X-ßƒ, Akv{X-ßƒ
apX-emb kma-{Kn-Is
- f√mw kw`-cn®v \mep-]mSpw
Nmc-∑msc KqV-ambn Ab-®-Xn\p tijw ]pds∏-S-Ww.
2. aq∂p-am¿§-ßƒ˛ AXm-bXv ÿew-˛-I-c,
Pew˛ kap{Zw \Zn apX-em-b-h, BImiw F∂nh-bnse am¿K-ßƒ sXfn-bn®v Ic-bn¬ tX¿,
IpXn- c , B\ F∂n- h - b nepw sh≈- Ø n¬
tXmWn I∏¬ XpS-ßn-bh
- b
- nepw BIm-iØ
- n¬
hnam-\-Ønepw Ib-dn-t∏m-I-Ww. B\ IpXn-c,
tX¿ Imemƒ F∂o NXp-cw-K-∏S Akv{X-ikv{Xm-Zn-Iƒ, `£-W-t]-b-ßƒ F∂n-h-tbmSp
IqSn Fs¥-¶nepw ImcWw ]d-™p-sIm-≠v
i{Xp-\K
- c
- Ø
- ns‚ kao-]tØ°v aµw aµw \oßWw.
3. Hfn-hmbn i{Xp-]-£-Øn¬ tN¿∂-h\pw
]pdta ssa{Xn-]p-e¿Øp-∂-h\pw Xs‚ \o°ßsf KqV-ambn i{Xp-hns\ Adn-bn-t®-°msa∂p kwi-bn-°m-hp-∂X
- p-amb Bfns‚ k©mc-Ønepw Ah-t\mSp kw`m-jWw sNøp-∂Xnepw {i≤n-°-Ww. AIta i{Xphpw ]pdta
an{Xhpw Bb-h-\t{X alm-i-{Xp.
4. cmPmhv kIe cmP-`r-Xy-∑m-scbpw bp≤hnZy A`y-kn-∏n-°-Ww. Xm\pw A`y-kn-°-Ww,
{]P-I-tfbpw ]Tn-∏n-°-Ww. ]q¿h-in-£n-X-cmb
`S-∑m¿°p am{Xta \√-hÆw bp≤w sNøm\pw
sNøn-°m\pw Ign-bq. A`y-kn-∏n--°p-tºmƒ (ZWvU-hyq-l) ZWvUm-Ir-Xn-bn¬ hyqlw Nabv°pI (i-I-S) iI-Sm-Ir-Xn-bn¬ tk\ hn\ykn-°pI (h-cm-l-hyq-l) ]∂n-Iƒ H∂ns‚
]n∂mse as‰m- ∂ mbn HmSp- I bpw CS- b v ° nbbv°v H∂n-®p-tN¿∂v Iq´-ambn \n¬°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse ssk\ysØ \S-Øp-Ibpw
\n¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp-I. (a-I-c-hyq-l) apXe
sh≈- Ø n¬ \o¥n- t ∏m- I p- ∂ - X p- t ]mse
ssk\ysØ \S-Øp-I. (kq-Nn-hyq-l) kqNnbpsS ap\ hÆw Ipd™pw Ipg \q¬ Ib-cphm≥ X°-hÆw IqSnbpw Ccn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse
hn\y-kn-°p-I. F∂n-ßs\ hyql-ß-sf√mw
A`y- k n- ∏ n- ® v , Kcp- U - s \- t ∏mse Db¿∂pw
XmWpw kwl-cn-°m≥ ]Tn-∏n-°-Ww.
5. B{I-aW òjWn \ne-\n-ev°p-∂n-SØv
ssk\ysØ \n¿Ø-Ww. cmPmhv ]S-\m-b-I∑msc \mep ]pdØpw \n¿Øn ]fl-hyqlw
\n¿an-®v˛ Xma-c-∏q-hns‚ B-Ir-Xn-bn¬ ssk\ysØ- ® p‰pw \n¿Øn ˛ AXns‚ a≤y- Ø n¬
\nev°-Ww.
6. ssk\ym-[n-]-∑m-scbpw hoc-∑m-cmb `S∑m-scbpw F´p Zn°p-I-fnepw \n¿Ø-Ww. GXp
`mKØp bp≤w D≠m-Iptam B `mK-tØ°v A`nap-J-ambn ssk\ysØ Xncn®p \n¿Ø-Ww.
a‰p≈ `mK-ß-fnepw c£m-k-∂m-l-ßƒ D≠mbn-cn-°-Ww. Fs¥-∂m¬ GXp `mKØp \n∂pw
i{Xp-hns‚ B{I-aWw D≠m-Imw.
7. bp≤-hn-Zy-bn¬ kpin-£n-Xcpw [m¿an-Icpw, B{I- a - W Ønepw {]Xn- t cm- [ - Ø nepw
ka¿Ycpw \n¿`-bcpw AN-©-e-a-\-kv°-cpw,
kvXw`w t]mse Ipep-°-a-‰-h-cp-amb ssk\nIsc ssk\y-Øns‚ \mep `mKØpw \n¿ØWw.
8. FÆ-Øn¬ Ipd-hm-b-h¿ FÆ-Øn¬ IqSnb-h-tcmSv bp≤w sNtø≠n hcptºmƒ kwLw
tN¿∂v bp≤w sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. Xcw In´p-sa¶n¬ B Ipd®p ]S- b m- f n- I sf thK- Ø n¬
AI‰n A[nIw ÿeØp \n¿Ø-Ww. ]´-WØntem tIm´-bntem i{Xp-ssk-\y-Øntem IS∂p-sN∂p bp≤w sNtø-≠n-h-cp-tºmƒ kqNnhyqlw sImt≠m h{P-hyqlw sImt≠m Ccp]p-dhpw aq¿®-bpff ISp-Øn-e-sIm≠v CSØpw
heØpw shń-°-bdn bp≤w sNø-Ww. {]thin- ® p- I - g n™pw ]e- X cw hyql- ß ƒ Na®v
bp≤w sNø-Ww. FXn¿`m-K-Øp-\n∂pw ]oc-¶nsImt≠m tXm°p-sImt≠m B{I-an-°p-∂p-s≠¶n¬ k¿]-hyqlw sIm≠v˛- k
- ¿]w t]mse \neØn-g™p \oßn-s°m-≠v˛ FXn¿Øp Ib-dW
- w.
]oc-¶n-bpsS ASp-Øp-sN-∂m¬ Ahn-sS-bp-≈hsc sIm√p-I-tbm, _‘n-°p-Itbm sNbvXv
]oc¶n i{Xp-°-fpsS t\sc Xncn-®v, i{Xp-ssk\ysØ sIms∂m-Sp-°-Ww. As√-¶n¬ hr≤-P\-ßsf IpXn-c-∏p-dØp Ib‰n ]oc-¶n-bpsS
t\sc HmSn®p sIm√n-°-Ww. 9 CS-bv°v iqc∑m-cmb Aizm-cq-V-∑msc \n¿Ø-Ww. Aßs\
HmSn®v i{Xp ssk\ysØ Nn∂n-®n-X-dn-∏n®v
Ahsc _‘n-°p-Itbm HmSn-®p-I-f-bp-Itbm
9 tZi-c-£bv°v AXym-h-iy-ambn hcp-tºmƒ Nmth¿∏S-sb-t∏mse c‡-km-£nXzw hcn-°m≥ Xbm-dp-≈-h¿
Cßs\ sNøp-∂p.
116
Bdmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
sNø-Ww.
9. ka-`q-an-bn¬ tX¿ IpXnc Imemƒ∏S F∂nh-sIm≠pw kap-{Z-Øn-em-sW-¶n¬ I∏-en¬ Ibdnbpw Bgw Ipd™nSØv B\-∏p-d-Øp-I-b-dnbpw, ac-ßfpw s]m¥-I-fp-ap≈ ÿeØv AºpsIm-≠pw, ]qgn-∏-c-∏n¬ hmƒ ]cnN F∂n-hsIm≠pw bp≤w sNøp-Ibpw sNøn-°p-Ibpw
thWw.
10. bp≤w \S- ° p- t ºmƒ tbm≤m°sf
t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw kt¥m-jn-∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNø-Ww. bp≤w \n¿Øn-sh-®n-´p≈ Ah-k-cß-fn¬ iucyhpw D’m-lhpw D≠m-I-Ø-°-hÆ-ap≈ {]kw-K-ß-sf-s°m-≠v kI-e-ssk-\nI-scbpw BÀm-Zn-∏n-°-Ww. A∂-]m-\yZym-lmc-ßƒ Akv{X-i-kv{Xm-Zym-bp-[-ßƒ Huj-[ßƒ apX- e m- b - h - s Im- S pØv Ah- s c- s b√mw
kt¥m-jn-∏n-°-Ww. hyqlw \n¿Ωn-°msX Hcn°epw bp≤w sNøp-Itbm sNøn-°ptbm AcpXv. bp≤w \S-°p-tºmƒ `S-∑m-cpsS \o°-ßƒ
{i≤n-°p-Ibpw \∂mbn ]b-‰p-∂pt≠m F∂pw
XSn-X-∏m≥ {ian-°p-∂pt≠m F∂pw \nco-£n°-Ww.
11. DNn-Xa
- m-sW∂p tXm∂p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ Nne
ka-bØp i{Xp-°sf \mep `mKØpw hf-™p\n∂v B{I-an-°-Ww. i{Xp-hns‚ cmPy-Øn-ep≈-hsc am¿K-\n-tcm[w sNbvXp _p≤n-ap-´pIbpw Ah-cpsS A[o-\-Øn-ep≈ `£-W-]Zm¿∞-ßƒ, sh≈w, hnd-Iv, I∂p-Im-en- Xo‰Iƒ, F∂n-h-sb√mw \in-∏n-°p-Ibpw Zpjn-∏n°p-Ibpw sNøWw.
12. i{Xp-\-K-c-Øn-ep≈ Ipf-ßƒ, tIm´-a-Xnep-Iƒ, InS-ßp-Iƒ F∂n-h-sb√mw \in-∏n-®pI-fbWw. cm{Xn-k-a-bØv i{Xp-hns\ `b-s∏-SpØp- I bpw Pbw t\Sp- h m- \ p≈ D]m- b - ß ƒ
t\m°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww.
13. Pbn®p Iog-S-°nb tijw i{Xp-°-sfs°m≠p DS-º-Sn-Ifpw {]Xn-⁄-Ifpw Fgp-Xn®p-hm-ß-Ww. DNn-X-sa-¶n¬ i{Xp-hns‚ hwiP\pw [m¿an-I\
- p-amb Hcp-hs\ cmPm-hmbn \nban-®v, ""Fs‚ B⁄-b-\p-k-cn®pw ˛[¿am-\p-krX-amb cmP-\o-Xn-b-\p-k-cn-®pw˛ \oXn-tbm-Sp-IqSn
{]Pm- ] - c n- ] m- e \w \S- t Ø- ≠ - X m- W v . '' F∂nßs\ DS-ºSn sNø-Ww. C{]-Imcw DS-ºSn
sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw X\n-s°-Xnsc Xncn-bm-ØhÆw kz¥w Bfp-Isf AhnsS \n¿Ø-Ww.
tXm‰ cmPm-hn-s\bpw {][m-\-tk-h-I-scbpw
cXv\m-Zn-If
- mb hne-tb-dnb hkvXp-°ƒsIm≠p
k¬°-cn-°W
- w. Poh-k‘
- m-cW
- Ø
- n\p ap´p-≠mIpw-hÆw H∂pw sNø-cp-Xv. Imcm-Kr-l-Øn¬
_‘n-®mepw Ahsc bYm-tbmKyw _lp-am\n- ° bpw tXm¬hn- b n¬ ZpxJn- ° m- Ø - h Æw
k¥p-jvS-Nn-Ø-cm-°p-Ibpw thWw.
14. temI-Øn¬ A\ys‚ hkvXp-°ƒ A]l-cn-°p-∂Xv Ah-cpsS A{]o-Xn°pw sImSp-°p∂Xv {]oXn°pw Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p. ka-tbm-Nn-Xambn s]cpam-dp-∂-Xpw, Iog-S-ßn-b-h\v CjvS-hkvXp-°ƒ \evIp-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv AXyp-Zm-camb {]hr-Øn-bm-Wv. Ahs\ tIm]n-∏n-°pItbm apjn-∏n-°p-Itbm ]cn-l-kn-°p-Itbm
sNø-cp-Xv. "'Rm≥ \ns∂ tXmev]n-®p-I-f-™p.''
F∂n-ßs\ Ahs‚ apºn¬ h®p ]d-b-cp-Xv.
""\nßƒ Fs‚ ktlm-Z-c-\mWv'' F∂pw a‰pw
]d™v F√m-bvt]mgpw _lp-am-\n-°-Ww.
an{Xhpw i{Xphpw
1. lnc-Wy-`q-an-kw-{]m]vXym ]m¿Ynthm \
XssY-[tX. bYm an{Xw {[phw e_v[zm Iria-]ym-Xn-£-a-av.
2. [¿a⁄wN IrX⁄w N XpjvS{- ]-IrXn
tah N. A\p-c‡w ÿncm-cw`w eLp an{Xw
{]i-kytX.
3. {]m⁄w Ipeo\w iqcw N Z£w ZmXmc
tah N. IrX⁄w [rXna¥© IjvS amlpccnw _p[mx.
4. BcyXm ]pcp-j-⁄m\w iucyw IcpW
thZnXm. sÿue-e£yw N kX-X-aqZmko\Kp-tWm-Zbx.
(a-\p. 7. 208-˛211)
an{X-e-£Ww
1. ÿnc-ambn kvt\l-ap-≈-h\pw `mhn I≠dn-bm≥ Ign-bp-∂-h\pw Imcyw t\Sm≥ Ign-hp≈-h-\p-amb ka¿∞ an{X-tØtbm As√-¶n¬
Zp¿_e an{X-tØtbm e`n-®m¬ D≠m-Ip-∂Xne-[nIw A`n-hr≤n Ipsd kz¿Wtam `qantbm
In´p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v D≠m-Ip-∂-X-√.
2. [¿a-⁄-\pw, IrX-⁄\pw D]-Im-c-kva-cW-bp-≈-h\pw {]k-∂-kz-`m-hn-bpw, kvt\l-ap≈-h\pw XpS-ßn-h® Imcyw apgp-h\
- m°p-∂X
- n¬
ÿnc-X-bp-≈-h-\p-amb an{XsØ kºm-Zn-°p∂
cmPmhv {]iw-k\ob-\m-Wv.
3. _p≤n-am-\pw, Ipeo-\-\pw, iqc-\pw, hoc\pw
ka¿∞\pw Zm\-io-e\pw D]-Im-ck
- vac
- W
- b
- p-≈h\pw ss[cy- h m- \ p- a mb Bfns‚ i{XpXzw
117
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[¿aw
kºm-Zn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ Ft∏mgpw {i≤n-°-Ww.
AØcw i{XpX Zpcn-X-ß-fp-≠m-°n-h-bv°pw.
4. DZm-ko-\s‚ e£Ww:˛ {]iw-k-\o-b-amb
KpW-ß-fp-≈-h-\pw, k÷-\-ß-sfbpw Zp¿÷\-ß-sfbpw th¿Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-∂-h\pw ]cm-{I-aim-enbpw Zbm-ephpw kYqe-e-£y\pw s]m≈hm-°p-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂-h\pw Bb-h-\t{X DZm-ko\≥.
Ghw kcvh -a nZw cmPm kl kwa{¥y
a{¥n`nx hymbm-aym-πpXy a[ymt” t`m‡pa¥x]pcw hntiXv (a-\p. A. 7 t«m. 216)
apºp ]d™-{]-Imcw AXn-cm-hnse Fgp-t∂‰v, ico-c-ip≤n hcp-Øn, k‘ym-h-µ\w A·ntlm{Xw apX-e -b h sNøp-Itbm sNøn- ° pItbm sNbvXv k`-bn¬ lmP-cmbn a{¥n-am-tcmsS√mw Imcy-hn-Nmcw sNbvXv ]S-\m-b-I-∑m-cpsS
ASp-°-te°v sN∂v Ahsc kt¥m-jn-∏n-°pIbpw ]S-bm-fn-Isf hnhn[ hyql-c-N-\m-co-XnIƒ ]Tn-∏n-°bpw B\-∏-¥n, IpXn-cm-e-bw,
tKmim-e, Bbp-[-im-e, sshZy-im-e, `WvUmcw
apX-em-b-h-sb√mw ]cn-tim-[n®v Ah-bn¬ h√
\yq\-X-Ifpw Ds≠-¶n¬ AXp apgp-h≥ Xo¿°pIbpw thWw. ]n∂oSv hymbm-ai
- m-eb
- n¬ sN∂p
hymbmaw sNbvXn´p D®-`£
- W
- Ø
- n-\mbn A¥x]p-cn-bn-te-°v-˛-]-Xv\n-amcpw a‰pw Xma-kn-°p∂
ÿe-tØ-°v˛ t]mI-Ww. k{i≤w ]cn-tim[n®p ]mIw sNbvXXpw _p≤n, _ew, ]cm-{Iaw
F∂n-hsb h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂Xpw tcmK-\n-hm-cIhpw hnhn-[-X-c-Ønep-≈Xpw a[p-cmZn hnhn[-ck
- b
- p-‡hpw kpK-‘a
- p-≈X
- pw, DØ-ah
- p-amb
A∂ hyRvP-\-]m-\-ß-fmWv `£n-t°-≠-Xv.
F¶nte kZm kpJ-bp-‡-\m-bn-cn-°q. cmPy-Imcy-ß-sf√mw Cßs\ A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww.
Icw-]n-cnhv
]©m-i-Zv`mK BtZtbm cm⁄ ]ip-lnc
Wytbmx [m\ym-\m-a-jvStam `mKx -jjvtTm
ZzmZi Gh hm. (a-\p. 7. 130)
I®-h-S-°m¿°pw ssIsØm-gn¬°m¿°pw
kz¿W-ambpw sh≈n-bmbpw In´p∂ em`-Øn¬
Aº-Xn-semcp `mK-hpw, s\√p apX-emb [m\yß-fn¬ Bdn-semt∂m Fń-semt∂m As√-¶n¬
]{¥-≠n-semt∂m `mKhpw ]ncn-s®-Sp-°-Ww.
Irjn-°m¿°pw sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ°pw `£-WØnt\m ]W-Ønt\m _p≤n-ap´p hcm-Ø-hÆw
am{Xw \nIpXn ]ncn-s®-Sp-°-Ww.
P\-ßƒ [\m-Vycpw Btcm-Ky-ap-≈-hcpw
A∂-]m-\m-Zn-]-Zm¿Y-ß-fm¬ kar-≤-cp-am-bm¬
cmPm- h n\pw henb A`n- h r- ≤ n- b p- ≠ m- I pw.
cmPmhp P\-ßsf Xs‚ a°-sf-t∏mse IcpXn
kuJyw \evI-Ww. P\-ßƒ cmPm--hn-s\bpw
cmP-`r-Xy-∑m-scbpw ]nXr-Xpeyw KWn°-Ww.
Irjn-°mcpw sXmgn-em-fnIfpw cmPm-°-∑m-cptSbpw cmPm-°-∑m-cmWv F∂ sNm√v hfsc
icn-bm-Wv. cmPmhv Ah-cpsS c£-I≥ am{X-amWv. P\-ß-fns√-¶n¬ BcmWv cmPmhv? cmPmhn-s√-¶n¬ Bcp-tS-XmWv P\w? Ccp-Iq-ćpw
kz¥w I¿Ø-hy-I¿a-ß-fn¬ kzX-{¥-cpw, CcpIq-ćpw tN¿∂v ]c-kv]-c-{]o-Xn-]q¿∆w sNtø≠-Im-cy-ßf
- n¬ ]c-X{- ¥cpw Bbn-cn-°W
- w. P\ß-fpsS s]mXp-hmb A`n-{]m-b-Øn\p hncp-≤ambn cmPmhpw cmP-`r-Xy-∑mcpw {]h¿Øn-°-cpXv. cmP-`r-Xy-∑mcpw {]P-Ifpw cmPm-⁄bv°p
hn]-co-X-ambpw \S-°-cp-Xv. cmPm-hns‚ cmjv{Sob-am-b-˛-s]m-fn-‰n-°¬ F∂p ]d-bp∂ ˛I¿ØhyI¿a-ßƒ kwt£-]-ambn ChnsS hnh-cn-®p.
IqSp-X¬ hnh-cWw th≠-h¿ \mep thZ-ßƒ,
a\p-kvar-Xn, ip{I-\o-Xn, alm-`m-cXw apX-emb
{KŸßƒ t\m°n a\- nem-°W
- w. {]P-If
- psS
CS-bn¬ \oXn-\ymbw \S-Øp-∂Xp a\p-kvar-Xnbn¬ F´pw HºXpw A≤ym-b-ß-fn¬ ]d-™ncn-°p-∂-hÆw thWw. AXpw Npcp°n ]d-bmw.
18. hnhm-Z-ÿm-\-ßƒ
1. {]Xy-lw-tZ-i-Zr-jvssS-›- im-kv{X-Z-rjvssS› tlXp`nx AjvSm-Z-ikp amcvtKjp
\n_≤m\n ]rYIv ]rYIv.
2. tXjmamZy-ar-Wm-Zm\mw \nt£t]mf
kzman hn{Ibx. kt`qbN kap-∞m\w ZØ
kym\-]-IcvaN.
3. thX-\-ssky-h-Nm-Zm\mw kwhn-Z-›hy
Xn{Iax. {Ib-hn-{I-bm-\p-itbm hnhmZx kzman]m-etbmx
4. koam-hn-hm-Z-[cva› ]mcptjy ZWvU
hmNntI. kv t Xbw N kml- k w- s sNh
kv{Xok-Mv{K-l-W-ta-hN.
5. kv{Xo]pw [cvtam-hn-`m-K› ZypX-am-lzb
GhN ]Zm-\yjvSm-Z-ssi-Xm\n hyhlmc-ÿnXm-hnl.
6. Gjp- ÿ m- t \jp `qbnjv T w hnhmZw
NcXmw\r- W mav . [¿aw imiz- X - a m- { inXy
118
Bdmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
IpcymXv Imcyhn\n¿W-ba.v
7. [cvtam hn≤-kvXz-[cvtaW k`mw-b-t{Xm]XnjvTtX. ieyw Nmky \Ir-¥¥n hn≤m
kvX{X k`m-kZx.
8. k`mwhm \ {]th-jvShym h‡hyw hmk-a-RvP-k-av. A{_p-h-\zn-{_p-h-\zm]n \tcm`-h-Xn-In¬_jo.
9. b{X-[cvtam-ly-[cvta-W-kXyw b{Xm
\rtX-\-N. l\ytX t{]£-am-Wm\mw lXmkvX-{X-k-`m-kZx.
10. [¿a Gh ltXm l¥n [cvtam c£Xn
c£nXx. Xkvam-≤cvtam \ l¥-thym-amt\m
[cvtam ltXmfh[oXv.
11. hrtjmln `K- h m≥[¿a kv X kybx
IpcptX lye-av. hrjew Xw hnZpcvtZ-hmkvX
kvam≤¿aw \ tem]-tbXv.
12. GI Gh kplr-≤cvtam \n[-t\-]y-\pbmXnbx. ico- t cW kz∂miw kcv h - a \y≤nK—Xn
13. ]mtZmf[cv a - k y- I cv Ø mcw ]mZx- k m£nW ar—- X n. ]mZx k`m- k Zx kcv h m≥
]mtZm cmPm-\-ar-—Xn.
14. cmPm-`-h-Xy-t\-\m-kvXp-ap-Nyt¥ N k`mkZ. Gt\m K—-Xn-IcvØmcw \nµmcvtlm b{X
\nµytX
(a-\p. 8. 3˛8; 12-˛19)
1. cmPm-hv, cmP-k-`mw-K-ßƒ, cmPy-`r-Xy-∑m¿
apX-em-b-h¿ \m´p-\-S∏pw imkv{X-{]-am-W-hp-a\p-k-cn-®v, hnhm-Zm-kv]-Z-am-tb-°m-hp-∂Xpw C\n
]d--b p- ∂ - X p- a mb ]Xn- s \´p hnj- b - ß - f n¬
hnhmZw hcp∂ Imcy-ß-fn¬ Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°Ww. imkvt{Xm-‡-amb \nb-a-an-s√-¶n¬ Bhiy-am-sW∂p tXm∂p∂ \na-ßƒ cmPm-hn\pw
P\- ß ƒ°pw ]ptcm- K Xn hc- Ø - ° - h Æw
Btem-Nn®v D≠m-°-Ww.
2. ]Xn-s\´p hyh-lm-c-ßƒ Ch-bmWv:˛ 1.
(E-Wzm-Zm-\w) ISw sImSp-°p-Itbm ISw hmßpItbm sNøp-∂-Xn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ X¿°w. 2. (\nt£-]x) kq£n-°p-∂-Xn\v Gev]n-®Xv DS-aÿ≥ tNmZn-°p-tºmƒ Xncn-®psImSp°m-sX-hcp-tºmƒ D≠mIp∂ X¿°w. 3. (A-kzm-an-hn{I-bw) A\ys‚ hI FSpØp hn¬°pI 4.
(kw-`q-bN kap-∞m-\w) ]e¿ tN¿∂v Hcp-ht\mSv A{Iaw Im´p-I. 5. (ZØ-kym-\-]-Icva)
sImSp-ØXv sImSp-°m-Xn-cn-°pI
3. 6 (th-X\
- s
- sky-hN
- m-Zm-\w) thX\w sImSp°m-Xn-cn-°p-It- bm, Ipd-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-Itbm sNøpI. 7 (kw- h n- Z › hyXn- { I- a x) {]Xn- ⁄ ,
ewL\w sNøp-I. 8 ({I-b-hn-{I-bm-\p-i-bx)
hnev°p-Itbm hmßp-Itbm sNbvX hkvXp-°sf-∏‰n D≠m-Ip∂ X¿°w. 9 (kzman ]metbm¿hn-hm-Zx) ]ip-°-fpsS DS-a-ÿ\pw ]ip]m-e-I\pw XΩn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ X¿°w.
4. 10 (ko-am-hn-hm-Z-[¿ax) AXn¿Øn-X¿°w
11 (Z-WvU-]m-cp-jyw) AXn-I-Tn-\-amb in£
hn[n-°pI 12 (hmIv ]mcp-jyw) ]cp-j-hm-°pIƒ ]d- b pI 13 (kv t Xbw) tamj- W hpw
Ih¿®bpw sNøpI 14 (km-l-kw) ssItø‰w
sNøpI 15 (kv{Xo-kw-{K-l-Ww) kvXotbm ]pcpjt\m hy`n-Nmcw sNøp-I.
5. (kv { Xo- ] pw- [ ¿Ωw) kv { Xo]p- c p- j - ∑ m¿
kz[¿aw ewLn-°pI 17 (hn-`m-K) `mK-h-g°v 18
(ZqX-am-\y-b›) Poh\n-√m-Øh ]Wbw h®p
\S-Øp∂ NqXp-I-fn-bpw. (Zyp-X) Pohn-Isf
]Wbw h®p≈ NqXp-Ifn (B-lzbw) C∏d™ ]Xn-s\´pw hnhm-Zm-kv]-Z-ß-fm-Wv.
6. Cu hyh-lm-c-hnjbßsf kw_-‘n-®p≠m- I p∂ X¿°- ß - f n¬ P\- ß - t fmSv \oXn\ymbw \S- Ø p∂Xp k\m- X - \ - [ ¿ΩsØ
Bkv]-Z-am-°n-th-Ww. Hcn-°epw ]£-]mXw
ImWn-°-cpXv F∂v A¿∞w.
7. GXp k`-bnemtWm A[¿Ωw apdn-s∏-SpØnb [¿aw h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv A[¿a-Øns‚
Aºp-ap\ [¿a-Øn¬ \n∂p ]dn-®p-I-f-bm-Xn-cn°p-∂-Xv, A[¿asØ \in-∏n-°msX Ccn-°p∂Xv AXm-bXv [¿a-Øn\v am\hpw A[¿aØn\v in£bpw \evIm-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv B k`bnse AwK-ßs
- f√mw apdn-th-‰h
- c
- m-sW∂p IcpX-Ww.
8. [m¿an-I-\mb a\p-jy≥ k`.-bn¬ {]thin-°m-Ø-XmWv DØ-aw. {]th-in-°p∂ ]£w
kXyta ]d-bm-hq. k`-bn¬ A\ymbw {]h¿Øn°p-∂Xp I≠n´pw au\w `Pn-°p∂ t\cn\pw
\ymb-Øn\pw FXn-cmbn ]d-bp-∂-h≥ alm-]m]n-bm-Ip-∂p.
9. kZ-ky-∑m-sc√mw I≠n-cns° A[¿aØm¬ [¿ahpw Ak-Xy-Øm¬ kXyhpw l\n°-s∏-Sp∂ k`-bn-ep-≈-h-sc-√m-hcpw arX-{]m-bcm-Wv. Ah-cn-sem-cp-h\pw Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂n√
F∂-dn-b-Ww.
10. [¿asØ l\n-°p-∂-hs\ [¿ahpw \in-
119
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[¿aw
∏n-°p-∂p. [¿asØ c£n-°p-∂-hs\ [¿aw
c£n-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ [¿asØ l\n-°-cpXv.
l\n® [¿aw \sΩ \in-∏n-°-cp-sX∂p Icp-Xns°m-≈-Ww.
11. F√m sFiz-cy-ßfpw \evIp∂ kpJ-ßsf√mw \evIp∂ [¿a-Øn\p tem]w hcp-Øp∂-hs\ Adn-hp-≈-h¿ hrj-e-s\∂p iq{Z≥
AYhm \oN≥ F∂v˛ Adn-bp-∂p. AXn-\m¬
[¿atem]w hcp-Øp-∂Xv B¿°pw DNn-X-a-√.
12. Cutem- I - Ø n¬ [¿aw H∂p- a m- { Xta
_‘phmbn´pffq. ac-W-ti-jhpw AXv a\pjys\ A\p-K-an-°p-∂p. a‰p-≈-sX-√mw, _‘p°-f-S°w icocw injn-°p-∂-tXm-Sp-IqSn C√mXm- I p- ∂ p. F√m _‘hpw hn´p- t ]m- I p- ∂ p.
F∂m¬ [¿a- Ø ns‚ _‘w am{Xw Hcp
ImeØpw th¿s]-Sp-∂-X√ F∂¿Yw.
13. cmP- k - ` - b n¬ ]£- ] mXw \nanØw
A\ymbw {]h¿Øn- ° p- t ºm- f p- ≠ m- I p∂
A[¿aw \mep `mK-ß-fmbn ]ncn™v Hcp `mKw
A[¿aw {]h¿Øn-®-h-t\bpw c≠mw `mKw
km£n-tbbpw as‰m∂v kZ-ky-tcbpw \memasØ `mKw [¿a-hn-cp-≤-ambn {]h¿Øn® k`bpsS A≤y-£-\mb cmPm-hn-s\bpw {]m]n-°p∂p.
14. \nµn-t°-≠-hsc \nµn-°p-Ibpw {]iwkm¿lsc {]iw-kn-°p-Ibpw in£m¿lsc
in£n-°p-Ibpw am\ysc _lp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw
sNøp∂ k`-bnse cmPmhpw k`mw-K-ßfpw
]m]-c-ln-Xcpw ]cnip≤-cp-ambn `hn-°p-∂p.
]m]w sNøp-∂-h-\p am{Xta AXns‚ tZmjw
D≠m-Ip-∂p-≈q.
C\n km£n-Iƒ
Fß-s\-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂p
]d-bp∂p
1. B]vXmx kcvthjp hcvtWjp Imcymx
Imtcyjp km£nWx. kcv h - [ cv a - h ntZm
ep_v[m hn]-co-XmwkvXp hcvP-tbXv.
2. kv{XoWmw km£yw kv{Xobx Iqcvøqcv
ZznPm\mw kZrim ZznPmx. iq{Zmt› k¥x
iq{Zm-Wm-a-¥ym-\m-a-¥y-tbm-\bx.
3. kml-tkjp N kcvthjp kvtXb-kMv{KltWjpN. hmKvZW
- vUtbm› ]mcptjy
\ ]co-t£X km£nWx.
4. _lpXzw ]cn- K r- l v W o- b v ’ m£n
ssZzt[ \cm- [ n]x. ktajp Xp KptWm
XvIrjvSm≥ Kp-W-ssZzt[ ZzntPm-Ø-am≥
5. ka-£Z- cvi\
- m-’m£yw {ihWm ss®h
kn[yXn X{X kXyw {_ph≥ km£o
[cvamcvYm`ymw \ lobtX.
6. km£o-Zr-jvS-{ip-Xm-Z-\y-Zzn-{_p-h-∂mcy
kwkZn. Ahm- M v\- c - I - a - t `yXn t{]Xy
kzcvKm® lobtX.
7. kz`m-th-ss\h bZv{_q-bp-kvXZv {Kmlyw
hymh-lm-cn-Iav AtXm bZ-\yZzn {_qbpcv
[cvamcvYw XZ-]mcvY-Iav.
8. k`m¥x km£nWx {]m]v X m- \ cv Y n
{]Xycv Y n k∂n[u {]mUzn- h mtImf\pbp⁄oX hn[n\mft\\ km¥z-b≥.
9. bZvZztbmc\-tbmcvth∞ Imtcyfkvan≥
tN„nXw anYx. XZv {_qX kcvhw ktXy\
bpjvamIw ly{X km£nXm.
10. kXyw kmt£y {_qh≥km£o
temIm\m]vt\mXn ]pjvI-em≥. Cl Nm\pØamw IocvØnw hmtKjw {_“-]q-PnXm.
11. ktXy\ ]qbtX km£o [¿ax ktXy\
hcv[-tX. Xkvam-’Xyw ln h‡hyw kcvhhcvtWjp km£n`nx.
12. Bssflh lymfl\x km£o KXn
cmflm XYm-∑\x amh-awÿmx kzmamflm\w
\rWmw km£n-W-ap-Ø-aav.
13. bky-hn-Zzm≥ ln hZXx t£{Xt⁄m
\m`n-i-¶-tX. Xkvam∂ tZhmx t{ibmwkw
temtIf\yw ]pcpjw hnZpx.
14. GtIm- l - a - k v a o- X ym- fl m\w bXzw
IeymW a- \ ytk. \nXyw ÿnXkvtX
lrtZyj ]pWy-]m-t]-£nXm ap\nx.
(a-\p. 8. 63; 68; 72-- - ˛ 75; 78-˛81; 83; 84; 86; 91)
1. F√m h¿W-ß-fn-epw, [m¿an-I-cpw, hnZzm∑m-cpw, kXy-k-‘cpw kI-e-[¿a-ß-tfbpw
Adn-bp-∂h
- cpw AXym-{K-la
- n-√m-Øh
- cpw kXyw
]d-bp-∂-h-cp-am-bn-cn-°-Ww \ymb-hy-h-ÿ-bn¬
km£n ]d-tb-≠-Xv. A√m-Ø-hsc km£n-bm°-cp-Xv.
2. kv{XoIƒ°p kv{XoI-fpw, {_m“-W¿°p
{_m“-Wcpw, iq{Z¿°p iq{Zcpw, XmW-h¿°v
XmW-hcpw km£n ]d-b-Ww.
3. _em-Xv°m-ca
- mbn sNøp-∂h
- b
- v°pw, tamjWw. hy`n-Nm-cw, ]cp-j-`m-j-Ww, hSn-sIm≠v
ASn-°pI apX-emb Ip‰-ßƒ°pw km£n-hnkvXmcw Bh-iy-an-√. C∏-d-™-sX√mw KpV-
120
Bdmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
ambn \S-°p-∂-Xn-\m-emWv km£n th≠m-ØXv.
4. c≠p ]£-Ønepw km£n-Ifps≠¶n¬
`qcn-]-£-{]-Im-chpw km£n-Iƒ Xpey-cm-bn-cp∂m¬ D¬Ir-jvSK
- p-Wh
- m-∑m-cmb km£n-If
- psS
samgn- b - \ p- k - c n- ® pw, c≠p ]£- Ø n- e p- a p≈
km£n-Iƒ KptWm¬°¿jw sIm≠pw kwJysIm≠pw Xpey-cm-bn-cp-∂m¬ {_m“-W-t{i-jvT∑m¿ al¿jn-am¿ k\ym-kn-h-cy-∑m¿ F∂n-hcpsS km£y-a\
- p-kc
- n®pw \ymb-\n¿Wbw sNøWw.
5. c≠p-Xcw km£n-If
- p-≠v. ZrIvkm-£n-Ifpw
tI´- d n- ™ - h - c pw. k`- b n¬ kXyw ]d- b p∂
km£n-Iƒ [¿a-lo-\tcm in£m¿ltcm A√.
I≈-km-£n-Isf Ip‰-Øn-s\mØv in£n-°W
- w.
6. cmP-k`
- b
- ntem a‰p t{ijvTk
- `
- b
- ntem h®v
I≠Xn\pw tI´-Xn\pw hn]-co-X-ambn km£n
]d-bp-∂-h≥ AhmMv \cIw F∂-\-c-I-Øn¬
(\mhp apdn®p If-bp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v D≠m-Ip∂
ZpxJ-Øns‚ \c-I-Øn¬) InS∂p IjvS-s∏-SpIbpw ac-W-tijw t]mepw kpJ-lo-\-cmbn-cn°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
7. X¿°-Øn¬ km£n ]d-bp-tºmƒ ]c-t{]cW IqSmsX ]d-bp∂ samgn kzoI-cn-°-Ww.
]Tn-∏n®p ]d-bp-∂s
- X√mw I≈-am-sW∂v \ymbm[n-]Xn Adn-b-Ww.
8. k`-bn¬ h∂n-´p≈ km£n-It- fm-Sv, A\ymb-°m-c≥ {]Xn F∂n-h-cpsS km∂n-≤y-Øn¬
\ymbm-[n-]-Xnbpw h°o-e-∑mcpw im¥-ambn
Cßs\ tNmZn-°Ww:˛
9. km£n-Isf! C°m-cy-Øn¬ km£n-If
- mb
\nßƒ Ccp-h-cp-sSbpw ]c-kv]-c-{]-hr-Øn-I-sf∏‰n Adn-bm-hp-∂Xv kXy-k-‘-ambn ]d-bp-I.
10. kXyw ]d-bp∂ km£n P∑m-¥-c-Øn¬
t{ijvT-amb Pohn-X-tØbpw B\-µ-a-b-tem-Iß-sfbpw {]m]n®v kpJ-a-\p-`-hn-°p-Ibpw Cu
P∑-Øn-se-∂-t]mse Xs∂ P∑m-¥-c-Ønepw
\√ b»- ns\ {]m]n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Fs¥∂m¬, hm°p-X-s∂-bmWv kev°m-c-Øn∂pw
Xnc-kv°m-c-Øn∂pw Imc-W-sa∂v thZ-ß-fn¬
]d-bp-∂p. kXy-hmZn _lp-am-\-Øn\pw anYymhmZn \nµbv°pw ]m{Xo-`-hn-°p-∂p.
11. kXyw ]d-bp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bmWv
[¿aw h¿≤n-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬ km£n-Isf√mw kXyw Xs∂ ]d-b-Ww.
12. Bflm-hns‚ km£n Bflm-hp-X-s∂-bmWv. Bflm-hn-\p≈ KXnbpw Bflm-hp-X-s∂.
CX-dn™v tl km£o! Aßv a\p-jy-cpsS kIe-km-£n-If
- nepwsh®v DØ-ak
- m-£n-bmbn Ah\-hs‚ Bflm-hns\ A]-am-\n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I.
Ah-\-hs‚ Bflm-hv, a\- v, hm°v F∂n-h-bnep-≈-Xns\ AXp-t]mse ]d-bp-∂-Xp-X-s∂bmWv kXy-`m-j-Ww. AXn∂p hn]-co-X-am-bn´p-≈-sX√mw anYym-`m-j-W-amWv F∂¿Yw.
13. kwkm- c n- ° p- t ºmƒ t£{X- ⁄ - \ mb
Bflmhv AIta i¶n-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ Ah-t\°mƒ t{ijvT-\mb as‰m-cp-h-\p-≈-Xmbn hnZzm∑m¿°v Adn-hn-√.
14. t{ib- m-{K-ln-°p∂ a\pjym ""Rm≥ Hcph≥ am{Xta D≈q'' F∂p [cn®v \o Bflmhns‚ Adn-thm-Sp-IqSn AkXyw ]d-bp-∂Xv icnb-√. \ns‚ lrZ-bm-¥¿`m-K-Øn¬ A¥-cym-anbmbn h¿Øn-°p∂ k¿th-iz-c≥ ]pWy-]m-]ßsf {]Xy-£-ambn I≠p-sIm≠v ap\n-bmbn
(au-\-a-h-ew-_n-®v) ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂p-≠v. B ]cam-flm-hns\ `b-s∏´v kXyw ]d-bp-I.
(I-≈-km-£n°v in£)
1. tem`m-t∑m-lm-ZvZ-bm-ss∑-{XmXv ImamXv
t{Im[m- Ø - s sY- h - N .
A⁄m- \ mZv
_me`mhm® km£yw hnX-Y-ap-NytX.
2. Gjm-a-\y-Xta ÿmt\ bx km£y-a\rXw htZXv. Xky ZWvU-hn-ti-jmwkvXp
{]h-£ym-ay-\p-]qcv∆ix
3. tem`m-Xvkl
- {kw ZWvUykvXp tamlmXv
]qcv ∆ ¥p kml- k av . `bmZv Z zu a[yau
ZWvUyu ssa{XmXv ]qcvhw NXpcvKpWw
4. Imam- ± - i - K pWw ]qcv h w t{Im[mØp
{XnKpWw ]cav. A⁄m-\m-±zu-itX ]qcvtW
_men-iym-—-X-tah Xp.
5. D]-ÿ-ap-Zcw Pnlzm lkvXu ]mZu N
]©-a-av. N£pcv∂mkm N IcvWu N [\w
tZl-kvX-ssYh N.
6. A\p-_‘w ]cn-⁄mb tZi-Imeu N
XØzXx kmcmf]cms[u NmtemIy ZWvUw
ZWvtUyjp ]mX-tbXv.
7. A[¿a ZWvU\w temtI btimLv\w
Io¿Øn \mi-\-av. Akz¿Ky© ]c-{Xm]n
XkvamØXv ]cn-h¿P-tbXv.
8. AZ-WvUym≥ ZWvUb
- ≥ cmPm ZWvUymw
121
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[¿aw
ss›hm]y ZWv U - b ≥. Abtim alZm
]vt\mXn \cIw ssNh K—Xn.
9. hmKvZWvUw {]Yaw Ipcym-≤n-KvZWvUw
XZ-\¥
- c
- av XrXobw [\-ZWvUw Xp h[ ZWvUaXx ]c-av.
(a-\p. 7. 113-˛121; 125˛129)
1. tem`w, tamlw, `bw, kvt\lw, Imaw,
t{Im[w, A⁄m-\w, F∂n-h-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sntbm
_mey-Im-etØm ]d-bp∂ km£yw-˛-km-£nsam-gn˛ apgp-h\pw Ak-Xy-am-sW∂v Adn-bp-I.
2. Ch-b n¬ GsX-¶ nepw H∂p \nanØw
I≈km£n ]dbp-∂-bm-fn\v C\n ]d-bp∂
in£-Iƒ \¬I-Ww.
3. tem`w \nanØw I≈-km£n ]d-bp-∂h\v (1000 ss]k) 10 ]Xn-\©p cq] ]ØW-bpw, taml-Øm¬ I≈-km£n ]d-bp-∂-h\v
aq∂p cq] c≠-W-bpw, `b-s∏´v I≈-km£n
]d-bp-∂-h\v Btd-Im¬ cq]-bpw, kvt\lw
sIm≠p≈ I≈-samgn sImSp-°p-∂-h\v ]{¥≠ cq]bpw ]ng \n›-bn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
4. Imaw sIm≠p I≈-km£n ]d-bp-∂-h\v
Ccp-]Ø
- ©
- p-cq-]bpw t{Im[w aqew I≈-km£n
]d-bp-∂-h\p \mev]-Ømdp cq] ]Xn-∂m-e-Wbpw, A⁄m\w \nanØw I≈- k m£n
]dbp∂-h\v Bdp-dp-∏n-I-bpw, _meyw \nanØw
I≈-km£n ]d-bp-∂-h\v Hcp-dp-∏nI Hº-XWbpw ]ng-bn-S-Ww.
5. D]-tÿ-{µn-bw, hb-dv, \mhv, ssIIƒ,
Imep-Iƒ, IÆp-Iƒ, aq°v, sNhn-Iƒ, [\w,
tZlw F∂n- ß s\ ZWvU- ÿ m- \ - ß ƒ
in£bv°p hnt[-b-am-°m-hp-∂h ]sØ-Æ-amWv. CXn-te-sX-¶nepw H∂n-emWp in£ \S-∏m°p-∂-Xv.
6. tem`w \nanØw I≈-km£n ]d-bp-∂h
- \p
]Xn-\-©p-dp-∏nI ]ØW ]ng-bn-S-W-sa∂p ]d™n- ´ p- ≠ v . CXp- t ]mse ]e hn[- Ø n- e p≈
in£-Iƒ ]n∂oSv ]d-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬
\n¿≤-\s‚ ]°¬ \n∂pw Ipd®pw [\n-Is‚
]°¬ \n∂v ct≠m aqt∂m \mtem Ccń
A[nIhpw ]ng ]ncn-s®-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. tZi-Ime-ßƒ, Ip‰-°m-cs‚ i‡n, A]-cm-[-Øns‚
10 kl-{k-i-_vZ-Øn\v 1000 ss]k F∂¿∞w. ]gb
IW-°-\p-k-cn®v cq]bv°v 64 ss]k-bm-Wp-≈-Xv. Cu
Hcp ss]kbv°v C∂sØ 15625 ss]k-bpsS aqey-ap≠v. HcW C∂sØ 6.25 ss]kbm-Wv.
Kuc-h-em-L-h-ßƒ F∂n-h-b-\p-k-cn®p in£\-evtI-≠-XmWv F∂¿Yw.
7. Cu temI-Øn¬ A\ym-b-ambn in£
\evIn-bm¬ AXv Cu P∑-Ønepw Ign™ P∑Ønepw hcpw P∑-Øn-ep-ap≈ Io¿Ønsb \in∏n®p If-bpw. `mhn-P-∑-Øn¬ IqSn ZpxJ-{]-Z-ambn-Øo-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Btcbpw A\ym-bambn in£n-°-cp-Xv.
8. in£m¿lsc in£n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw
A√m-Ø-hsc in£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ cmPmhv
Pohn-®n-cn-°p-tºmƒ henb A]-Io¿Øn°v
]m{X-am-Ip-Ibpw ac-Wt- ijw ITn-\Z- pxJw A\p`-hn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ A]-cm[w
sNøp-∂-hsc F√m-bvt]mgpw in£n-t°-≠-XmWv. \nc-]-cm-[n-Isf Hcn-°epw in£n-°-cp-Xv.
9. BZyw Ip‰w sNøp-tºmƒ-˛-hm-°p-sIm≠p≈ ZWvUw {]tbm-Kn-°-Ww. \nµn-°-W-sa∂¿Yw. c≠m-aXp [n°m-c-am-Ip∂ ZWvUw.
""Zpjv S ≥ \o F¥p- s Im≠p Zpjv { ]- h rØn
sNbvXp?'' F∂v Xm°oXp sNø-Ww. aq∂m-atØXp [\-ZWvUw AYma ]ng-bn-Sp-I. \mema- t ØXp h[- Z - W v U w- ˛ - A - ] - c m- [ nsb Nqc¬
sImt≠m NΩń sImt≠m (Nm-´-sIm-t≠m)
ASn-°pI As√-¶n¬ A]-cm-[n-bpsS Xe sh´pI.
a‰p-in-£-Iƒ
1. tb\-tb\ bYm-MvtK\ kvtXt\m-\r-jphn-tN-jvStX XØ-tZh ltc-Zky {]Xym-tZimb ]m¿Ynhx.
2. ]nXm-Nmcyx kplr≥am-XmNm `mcym-]p{Xx
]ptcm- l nX. \mZWv t Uym \ma- c m- P v t RmkvXnbx kz[cvta-\-Xn-jvTXnx
3. Imcvjm-]Ww `th-±-WvtUym-b-{Xm\yx
{]mIr-tXm-P\;X{X-cm-Pm-`t- h-±WvUyx kl-{kan-Xn-[m-c-Wm.
4. AjvS-]m-Zy¥p iq{Zky kvtXtb-`hXn
Inev_n-jav tjmU-ssi-h-Xp-ssh-iy-ky-Zzm{Xnw-iXv £{X-b-kyN.
5. {_m“-Wky NXp-jjvSnx ]q¿Æw hm]niXw `th-Xv. ZznKpWm hm NXp-j-jvSnx. -kvXt±m-j-KpWhn≤n kx.
6. sF{µw ÿm\-a-`n-t{]-]vkp-cy-i-›m-£b-a-hy-bav. t\mt]-t£X £-W-a]n cmPm-kml-knIw \cav.
7. hmKvZp-jvSm-Øk
- vIc
- m-ss®h ZWvtU-ss\-
122
Bdmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
h- N - l nw- k Xx kml- k - k y- \ - c x- I ¿Øm
hnt⁄bx ]m]-Ir-Øax.
8. kml-tk-hcvØ-am-\-¥ptbm acvj-bXn
]m¿Ynhx khn-\miw {hP-Xymip hntZzjw
Nm[n-K-—-Xn.
9. \an{X Imc-Wm-{ZmPm hn]p-emZzm [\mK-amXv kapXv krtPXv kml-kn-Im≥kcvh`q-X-`-bm-h-lm≥.
10. Kpcpwhm _me-hr-≤uhm {_m“-Wwhm
_lp-{ip-Xav BX-Xm-bn-\-am-bm¥w l\ym-tZhm-hn-Nm-c-b≥.
11. \mX-Xmbn ht[-tZmtjm l¥pcv`-h-XnIiv N \ {]Imiwhmf {]Imiw hm a\ypkvX\va\yp-arNvOXn.
12. bkykvtX\x ]ptc \mkvXn
\m\ykv{XotKm\ ZpjvS-hm-Iv. \ klm-kn-IZWvULv\u k cmPm i{I-temI `mIv.
(a-\p. 8. 334-˛338; 344˛347; 350˛351; 386)
1. If-f∑
- m¿ GXv Ah-bhw sIm≠v Fßs\
A{Iaw sNøp- ∂ pthm AXm- X - h - b - h - ß sf
AtX hn[-Øn¬ cmPmhp tOZn-®p-If
- t- b-≠X
- mWv. P\-ßƒ°v KpW-]m-T-Øn-\m-Wn-Xv.
2. ]nXmhv BNm-cy≥, kv\ln-X≥, kvXoIƒ,
]p{X≥, ]ptcm-ln-X≥ F∂n-h-cn¬ Bcm-bn-cp∂mepw icn, Ah-\-hs‚ [¿aw hn´v A[¿aw
sNøp-∂h
- c
- n¬ cmPm-hn∂v in£n-°m≥ høm-ØXmbn Bcp- a n- √ . \ymbm- k - \ - Ø n¬ Ccp∂v
cmPmhp \oXn-\ymbw \S-Øp-tºmƒ BcpsS
t\scbpw ]£-]mXw {]Z¿in-∏n-°-cpXv; F√mh¿°pw btYm-NnXw in£ \evIWw F∂¿Yw.
3. km[m-cW ]uc\v Hcp cq] ]ng hn[n°p∂ Ip‰w cmPmhp sNbvXm¬ Bbncw cq]
]ng-bn-S-Ww. km[m-c-W-°m-c-t‚-Xn¬ Bbncw
aSßv A[n-Iw Bbn-cn-°Ww cmPm-hn-\p-ff
in£ F∂¿Yw. {][m\ kNn-h\v km[m-cW
in£-bpsS FÆq-dn-c-ńbpw. AXn¬ Xmgv∂
a{¥n°v Fgp-∂q-dn-c-ńbpw AXn\pw Xmsg-bp-ff
cmPy-`r-Xy\v Adp-\q-dn-c-ńbpw Bbn-cn-°-Ww.
Cßns\ cmPy- ` r- X y- ∑ m- c n¬sh®v F‰hpw
sNdnb in]m-bn-°p-t]m-epw, Fń-c-ń-bn¬ IpdbmØ in£ \ev t I- ≠ - X m- W v . cmPy- ` r- X y∑m¿°v P\-ß-tf-°mƒ A[nIw in£ sImSp°m-Xn-cp-∂m¬ Ah¿ P\-ßsf apSn-®p-I-f-bpw.
Hcp tImemSv Aev]-amb ZWvUw-sIm≠v CWßp-∂p. knwl-am-Is´ A[n-I- ZWvUw sImt≠
CW-ßp-∂p-f-fq. AXn-\m¬ cmPmhp apX¬
km[m-c-W-°m-c≥ htc-bp-ff cmP-]p-cp-j-∑mcn¬ Bsc-¶nepw Ip‰w sNbvXm¬ Ah¿°p
sImSp-°p∂ in£ P\-ßƒ°p-f-f-Xn-t\-°mƒ
A[n-I-am-bn-cn°Ww.
4. CXp-t]m-se-X-s∂, `hn-jy-Ø-dn-bp∂ Hcph≥ tamjvSn-®m¬ iq{Z-∂v, tamj-W°
- p-‰Ø
- n∂p
km[m- c - W - b mbn hn[n- ° p- ∂ - X ns‚ Fń- c ń
iq{Z\pw ]Xm-\m-dn-cń sshiy\pw ap∏-Øn-c≠p
aSßv £{Xn-b\pw ]ng-bn-S-Ww.
5. KpW-tZmj ⁄m\-tØm-Sp-IqSn tamjWw
sNøp∂ {_m“-W\v km[m-c-W-tb-°mƒ Adp]-Øn-\m-en-c-ń, As√-¶n¬ \qdn-cń, As√-¶n¬
\q‰n-cp-]-sØ-ń-cń in£ \¬I-Ww. A]-cm[w
sNøp-∂-hs‚ ⁄m\m-[n-Iy-Øn\pw D¬Ir-jvSÿn-Xn°pw X°-hÆw A[n-I-in£ \evI-Ww.
6. [¿ahpw sFiz-cyhpw h¿≤n-°-W-sa-∂m{K-ln-°p-∂ cmPmhpw cmP-]p-cp-j-∑m-cpw, Itø‰- ° m¿°pw A{I- a n- I ƒ°pw I≈- ∑ m¿°pw
in£- \ ¬Ip∂ Imcy- Ø n¬ £W- t \cw
t]mepw sshI-cp-Xv.
7. kml- k n- I s‚ e£Ww ]d- b p∂p:- ˛
sIm≈n-hm°p ]d-bp-I, tamjvSn-°p-I, sX‰p-sNømsX in£n-°p-I, F∂nh sNøp-∂h
- t- c-°mƒ
_em-evIm-c-ambn {]hr-Øn-Iƒ sNøp-∂-h≥
hfsc A[nIw ZpjvS\pw ]m]n-bp-am-Ip-∂p.
8. kml- k w- { ]- h ¿Øn- ° p- ∂ - h \p in£
\evImsX £an-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ cmPmhv
AXn-thKw \in-°p-Ibpw P\-tcm-jØ
- n\v ]m{Xam-hp-Ibpw sNøpw.
9. kI-e¿°pw ZpxJ-ap-≠m-°p∂ kml-knI-s\, kulm¿±tam [\-tam-ltam \nanØw
cmPmhv _‘- \ - ÿ - \ m- ° p- I tbm inc- t —Zw
sNøm-Xn-cn-°-cp-Xv.
10. BNm-cy-\m-I-s´, ]p{Xm-Zn-I-fmb _me-∑mcm-I-s´, ]nXmhv apX-emb hr≤-P-\-ß-fm-Is´
At\Iw imkv{X-ßƒ ]Tn-®n-´p≈ {_m“-W\m-I-s´, Bcm-bn-cp-∂mepw [¿aw shSn™v
A[¿aw {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw \nc-]-cm-[n-Isf
sIm√p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-hsc Btem-Nn-°p-It]mepw sNømsX sIm∂p-I-f-tb-≠-Xm-Wv.
sIm∂p-I-f-™-Xn\p tijta Bcm-sW-∂p≈Xv Btem-Nn-°m-hq.
11. Hfn-hmtbm shfn-hmtbm ZpjvSsc sIm√p∂-Xp-sIm≠v sIm√p-∂-h\v bmsXmcp ]m]hpw
D≠m-Ip-∂n-√. ISpw-tIm]w ]q≠p-h-cp-∂-hs\
t{Im[w-sIm≠v sIm∂p-I-f-bp-∂Xv t{Im[hpw
123
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
cmP-[¿aw
tIm]hpw XΩn-ep≈ t]mc-´-am-sW-∂mWv [cnt°-≠-Xv.
12. I≈∑mcpw, ]c-kv{Xo-kwKw sNøp-∂-hcpw, NoØ-hm-°p-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂-hcpw Itø-‰-°mcpw-sIm-≈-°mcpw cmPm-hns‚ Iev]\ A\p-kcn-°m-Ø-hcpw C√mØ cmPy-Øns‚ cmPmhv
AXn-t{i-jvT-\m-Wv.
hy`n-Nm-c-Øn\p in£
1. `cvØmcw ewL-tbZym kv{Xo kz⁄mXn
KpW- Z cv - ] nXm Xmw iz`nx JmZ- t b- { ZmPm
kwÿmt\ _lp-kw-ÿntX.
2. ]pamwkw Zml-tbXv]m]w ibt\ X]vX
Bb- t k. A`ym- Z - [ yp› Imjv T m\n X{X
ZtlyX ]m]-IrXv.
3. ZocvLm-[z\n bYm-tZiw bYm-Imew Xtcm
`th-Xv. \Zo-Xn-tcjp XZzn-Zym-’-apt{Z \mkvXn
e£-Wav.
4. Al-\y-l\
- y-tht£yX Icvam-¥m-\zml
\m\nN. Ab-hysbu N \ob-Xmhm Icm≥
tImj-ta-hN
5. Ghw kcv∆m-\n-am≥ cmPm hyh-lm-cm≥
kam-]-b≥. hyt]mly Inev_njw kcvhw
{]m]vt\mXn ]camw KXnav.
(a-\p. A. 8 t«mIw. 371; 372; 406; 419; 420)
1. B`n-Pm-Xyw, KpW-ßƒ F∂n-h-bn¬ A`nam-\n®v K¿∆n-jvT-bmbn `¿Øm-hns\ Dt]-£n®v
hy`n-Nmcw sNøp-∂h
- sf Poh-t\m-Sp-Iq-Sn-Øs∂
cmPmhp _lp-P-\-k-a£w \n¿Øn \mbv°-tfs°m≠v ISn-∏n®p sImt√-≠-Xm-Wv.
2. AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂, kz¥w ]Xv\nsb ]cnXy-Pn®v ]c-kv{Xo-kwKw sNøp-Itbm thiymkv{Xo-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn kwK-an-°p-Itbm sNøp∂
]m]n-bmb ]pcp-js\ P\-ß-fpsS apºn¬sh®v
Np´p-]-gp-∏n® Ccpºp Iń-en¬ InSØn `kvaam-°n-°-f-b-Ww.
tNmZyw:-˛ cmPmthm cm⁄ntbm As√¶n¬ \ymbm-[n-]-Xntbm Abm-fpsS `mcytbm
hy`n-Nm-cmZn Zpjv°¿a-ßƒ sNbvXm¬ Bch¿°v in£-\¬Ipw?
DØcw:-˛ cmP-k` Xs∂. F∂p-am-{X-a√
Ah¿°p \¬Ip∂ in£ km[m-cW {]PIƒ°p-≈-Xn-t\-°mƒ A[nIw Bbn-cn-t°-≠Xm-Wv.
tNmZyw:-˛ cmPmhpw \ymbm-[n-]-Xnbpw a‰pw
cmP-k` sImSp-°p∂ in£-sb-¥n-\w-Ko-I-cn-
°Ww?
DØcw:-˛ cmPmhpw ]pWym-flmhpw `mKy-hm\p-amb a\p-jy≥ Xs∂-bm-Wv. cmPm-hn\v in£
\¬Ip-Itbm in£ kzoI-cn-°p-Itbm sNømXn-cp-∂m¬ a‰p-≈-h¿ F¥n\p in£ kzoI-cn°Ww? am{X-a-√, P\-ßfpw {][m\ cmP-]p-cpj-∑mcpw cmP-k-`bpw IqSn [¿am-\p-k-cWw
cmPm-hns\ in£n-°m≥ B{K-ln-°p∂ ]£w
cmPmhv H‰bv°v F¥-sN-øm-\mWv? Cß-s\sbmcp hyhÿ Cs√-¶n¬ cmPmhpw {][m-\nI-fmb cmP-]p-cp-j-∑mcpw ka¿Y-∑m-cmb a‰p≈
A[n-Ir-Xcpw A\ym-b-hn-t[-b-cmbn \ymb-[¿aßsf XI¿Øv P\-ß-sf-sb√mw \mi-Ønte°p \bn-°p-Ibpw kzbw \in-°p-Ibpw
sNøpw. ""\ymbm-\p-kr-X-amb in£-bv°mWv
cmPmhv F∂pw [¿a-sa∂pw ]d-bp-∂-Xv.'' F∂p
apºp ]d-™n-´p≈ t«mIm¿Yw kvacn-°p-I. B
ZWvU-[¿a-Xn-Xn\p tem]w hcp-Øp-∂-h-t\°mƒ \oN-\m-cmWv?
tNmZyw:-˛ CØcw ITn-\-amb in£ DNn-Xa-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ tOZn® AwK-ßsf ho≠pw
D≠m-°p-hm\pw acn-®-h\v Dbn¿ \evIp-hm\pw
a\p-jy\v km≤y-a-√-t√m. AXn-\m¬ CØcw
in£ \evIp-hm≥ ]mSn-√.
DØcw:-˛ Cu in£ ITn-\-sa∂v hnNm-cn-°p∂-h¿ cmP-\n-Xn-⁄∑mc-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ Hcp
a\p-jys\ C{]-Imcw in£n-°p-tºmƒ a‰p-≈h-sc√mw ZpjvIr-Xy-ßƒ sNøp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂p
]n¥n-cnbpw. Zpcm-Nm-c-ßsf ]cn-Xy-Pn®v [¿aam¿§-Øn¬ h¿Øn-°pw. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Cu
in£ kIe P\-ßƒ°p-ambn hn`-Pn-®m¬
Hmtcm-cp-Øs‚ ]¶pw ISp-In-s\m∏w hcn-√.
in£ eLp-hm-bn-cp-∂m¬ Zpjv{]-hr-Øn-Iƒ
hfsc A[nIw Xg®p hf-cpw. AXn-\m¬ eLpsh∂v \nßƒ°v tXm∂p∂ in£- b mWv
Bbncw aSßp ITn-\w. AkwJyw P\-ßƒ
ZpjvIrXyw sNbvXm¬ Ah¿s°√mw {]tXyIw
Aev]m-ev]-sa-¶nepw in£ \evtI≠n hcpw.
AXns‚ BsI-ØpI CXn-t\-°mƒ Xptew
A[n-I-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXp-sIm≠v AXv ITn-\hp-am-Wv.
3. Zo¿L-am¿K-ß-fnepw IS-en-Sp-°p-I-fnepw
\Zn- I - f nepw henb Pe- ∏ - c - ∏ p- I - f nepw tZissZ¿Lyhpw Ime-hp-a-\p-k-cn®p Icw˛ IS-ØpIq-en˛ \n›-bn-°-Ww. alm-k-ap-{Z-Øn¬ ¢n]vXamb Icw ˛ Xpd-∏W
- w˛ \n›-bn-°p-∂Xp km≤ya-√. cmPm-hn\pw IS-en¬ henb I∏-ep-Iƒ
124
Bdmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-iw
sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-h¿°pw em`w D≠mI-Ø-°hÆw hyhÿ sNø-Ww. A\y-cm-Py-ß-fnte°pw Zzo]m-¥c
- ß
- f
- n-te°pw I∏¬ Ib-dn-t∏mIp∂ Xs‚ P\- ß sf k¿h{X c£n®v
bmsXmcp ZpxJhpw t\cn- S p- h m- \ nS hcmsX
ImØp-sIm-≈-Ww.
4. cmPmhv Znh-kh
- pw tPmen Xocp-tºmƒ B\,
IpXnc apX-emb hml-\-ßƒ, cXv\w apX-emb
Ipgn-s®-Sp-°∂ J\n-Iƒ, `WvUmcw F∂n-hbnse hc-hp-sN-ehp IW-°p-Iƒ apX-emh ]cntim-[n-°-Ww.
5. cmPmhv Cßs\ kIe hyh-lm-c-ßfpw
bYm- h n[n \S- Ø p- I bpw \S- Ø n- ° p- I bpw
sNbvXv kIe ]m]-ß-tfbpw Zqco-I-cn®v ]c-aamb tam£-kp-JsØ {]m]n-°p-∂p.
tNmZyw:-˛ kwkvIrX `mj-bn-ep≈ cmP-\oXn
]q¿Wtam A]q¿Wtam?
DØcw:-˛ ]q¿W-am-Wv. `qtem-I-Øn¬ {]Nmc-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂-hbpw {]Nm-c-Øn¬ hcm-hp∂-h-bp-amb kIe cmPy-X-{¥hpw kwk-Ir-XØn¬ \n∂v FSp-Ø-Xm-Wv. AXn¬ kv]-jvSambn ]d-bmØ hnj-b-ßsf kw_-‘n-®v˛
{]Xylw temI- Z r- j v s sS› imkv { X- Z rjvssS› tlXp`nx (a-\p. 8.3) GsX√mw \nba-ßƒ cmPm-hn\pw {]P-Iƒ°pw kpJ-{]-Zß
- fpw
[¿am- \ p- k r- X - ß - f p- a mbn tXm∂p- ∂ pthm
AsX√mw sshZpjyw XnI™ hnZz÷-\-ß-fS-ßnb. cmP-k-`-bn¬ \n¿Ωn-t°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p.
F∂m¬, C∏-d-bp∂ hnj-b-ß-fn¬ F∂pw
{]tXyIw {i≤-sh-bvt°-≠-XmWv:-˛ Ign-bp-∂nS-tØmfw _mey-hn-hm-lsØ A\p-h-Zn-°m-Xncn-°-Ww. bu∆-\-Ønepw h[q-h-c-∑m-cpsS ]ckv ] c {]oXn- t bmSpIqSnb- √ msX hnhmlw
sNøp-Itbm sNøn-°p-Itbm Acp-Xv. {_“-Ncyw
th≠-hÆw A\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw A\p-jvTn-∏n-°pIbpw sNø-Ww. hy`n-Nm-chpw _lp-hn-hm-lhpw
\n¿Ø- e m- ° - W w,. A{]- I mcw sNbv X m¬
am{Xta ico-c-Øn\pw Bflm-hn\pw ]q¿W-amb
_ew kZm D≠m-hp-I-bp-≈q. Bfl-_-esØ
am{Xw ˛ AXm-bXp hnZy ⁄m\w F∂n-hsb
am{Xw˛ h¿≤n-∏n-°p-I-bpw-˛-i-co-c-_ew h¿≤n∏n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-bmepw _e-hm\mb Hcp ]pcp-j≥ ⁄m\n-Ifpw hnZzm-∑m-cpamb At\-Im-bncw P\-ßsf Pbn-°p-hm≥
i‡- \ m- b n- c n- ° pw. t\sc- a - d n- ® v , ico- c - _ ew
am{Xw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-Ibpw Bfl-_ew h¿≤n-∏n°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ hnZym-`ymkw
kn≤n-°m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠v, Imtem-Nn-X-amb cmPy]-cn-]m-e\w Hcn-°epw km≤ym-am-hp-I-bn-√.
cmPy-`-c-W-Øn\v DNn-X-hy-hÿ sNbvXn-s√¶n¬ \m´p-Im¿ apgp-h\pw ]c-kv]cw Ie-ln®pw
XΩn¬ X√nbpw bp≤w sNbvXpw \in-®p-t]mIpw. AXn-\m¬ ico-c-_-ehpw Bfl-_-ehpw
Hcp-t]mse F∂pw h¿≤n-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°W
- w.
hy`n-Nm-cw, hnj-b-kp-J-Øn-ep≈ AXym-k‡n
F∂n-h-sb-t∏mse _p≤n-tbbpw _e-tØbpw
\in-∏n-°p-∂-Xmb {]hrØn thsd-sbm-∂p-an-√.
£{Xn-b¿ hnti-jn®pw ZrV-Im-b-∑mcpw _ehm-∑mcpw Bbn-cn-°WwXm\pw. Fs¥-∂m¬
Ah¿ Xs∂ hnj-bm-k-‡-cm-bvØo¿∂m¬
cmP[¿aw apgp-h\pw \in®p t]mIp-a-t√m. bYm
cmPm XYm {]Pmx F∆-Æ-a-c-N≥ sNbvhq
amtem-I-cp-a-tX-hn[w F∂Xpw kvac-Wo-b-amWv. AXn-\m¬ cmPmhpw cmP-]p-cp-j-∑mcpw
Zpjv{]-hr-Øn-IƒsN-øm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw k¿h-Ym\ym-b-tØmSpw [¿Ω-tØmSpw IqSn h¿Øn-®v,
kIe P\- ß ƒ°pw A`yp- Z - b - a p- ≠ m- I Ø°hÆw, BZ¿i-amb PohnXw \bn-°p-∂XmWv DNn-Xw.
cmP-[¿Ω-Øns‚ Npcp-°Ø
- n-ep≈ hnh-cWw
ChnsS Fgp-Xn. thZ-ßƒ,-a\
- p-kvar-Xn-bnse Ggv
F´v HºXv F∂o A≤ym-b-ßƒ,ip-{I-\o-Xn,-hnZq-c-{]-Pm-K-c-]¿∆w, alm-`m-c-X-Ønse im¥n]¿∆-Øn-e-S-ßnb cmP-[¿aw B]-≤¿aw apXemb {KŸ-ßƒ t\m°n Ah-bnse hnkvXrX
hnh-c-W-Øn¬ \n∂p cmP-\o-Xn-bn¬ ]q¿Wamb ⁄m\w kºm-Zn®v aWvU-te-iz-c-t‚tbm
km¿∆-sùa\mb N{I-h¿Øn-bp-tStbm ]Zhnsb {]m]n-°-Ww. hbw {]Pm-]tXx {]Pm
A`p-a. (bPpx 18 29) bPp¿th-Z-Øn-ep-≈-XmWv
Cu hN-\w. \mw {]Pm-]XnbpsS,-A-Xm-bXv
k¿th-iz-c-s‚, {]P-Iƒ BIp∂p F∂v, Adn™n-cn-°-Ww. ]c-amflmhv \ΩpsS cmPmhpw
\mw Ahn-SptØ {]P-I-fp-am-Wv. Ahn-Sp∂v Xncphp≈w I\n-™v, \sΩ Ahn-SpsØ krjvSn-bmIp∂ cmPy-Øn¬ A[n-Im-cn-I-fmbn \nb-an-®v,
kXyw \ymbw F∂o kz[¿asØ \ΩpsS
ssIsIm≠p {]h¿Øn-∏n-°p-am-dm-I-s´.
ASpØ kap-√m-k-Øn¬ Cuiz-c≥, thZßƒ F∂nh \ncq-]Ww sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv.
{ioa-±-bm-\-µ-k-c-kz-Xo-kzm-an-I-fm¬
cmP-[¿a-ßsf hnh-cn-°p∂
Bdmw kap-√mkw Ign-™p.
125
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c≥ thZw
126
Ggmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
7
Ggmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Imiw
Cuiz-c≥ thZw
AY Cuizc thZ-hn-jb {]h£ymax
C\n Cuiz-c≥, thZw F∂o hnj-b-ßƒ hymJm-\n-°p-∂p.
Cu-iz-cs‚ KpW-h¿W-\
1. EtNm A£tc ]ctathyma-\y-kvan\v
tZhm A[n hntiz-\n-tjZpx; bkvX∂thZ
InarNm Icn-jy-Xn-bCØ-Zzn-ZpkvX Cta kamk-tX.(E 1.164. 39)
2. Cuim hmky-anZMv kcvhw bXvIn©
PKXymw PKXv; tX\ Xyt‡\ `pRvPo-Ymam
Kr[x- I-ky-kzn-≤-\-av. (bPp.40.1)
3.-A-lw-`phw hkp\x ]qcvh-kv]-Xn-clw
[\m-\n kw Pbman iizXx: amw lh¥]nXc
\ P-¥thmflw. Zmiptj- hn-`-Pm-an-t`m-P-\-av.
4.-A-l-ant{µm \ ]cm-PnKy C≤\w \ arXyth-hX tÿI-Zm-N\: tkma-an≥am kp\zt¥m
bmNXm hkq\-ta. ]qchx kcp-tb-cn-jm-Y\
(E. 10.48.1.5)
5. AlwZmw KrWtX ]qcvhyw hkzlw
{_“-Ir-Whw alyw hcv[-\-av. Alw-`phw
bP-am-\ky tNmZnXmfbPz\x km£n hnizmkvan≥ `tc.(E 10. 49.1) 1
1 EtNm A£tc F∂ a{¥-Øns‚ A¿Yw:˛ {_“-Ncym-{i-a-in-£-bn¬ 2 ]d™p Ign™p. Chn-sSbpw `mjm-t`Z-tØmsS Ah Znhy1. t]Pv 118.
2. Cu a{¥w kXym¿Y-{]-Imiw aqe-Øn-en-√. A¿Yw
sImSp-Øn-´p-≈-Xp-sIm≠v ChnsS a{¥hpw tN¿Ø-XmWv.
amb KpW-I¿a kz`m-hß
- s
- f-√m-ap-≈Xpw kIe
hnZzm-∑mcpw `qan kqcy≥ apX-emb kIe temIßfpw {]Xn-jvTn-°-s∏-´-Xpw. BImiw t]mse
Fßpw \nd™p h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xpw, tZh-∑m-cpsSbpw tZh-\mb B k¿th-iz-cs\ Bcm-™dn-bp-Ibpw Bcm-[n-°p-I-bpw, [ym\n-°p-Ibpw
sNømØ a\p-jy¿ \mkvXn-Icpw aµ-_p-≤n-Ifpw
ZpxJ-km-K-c-Øn¬ ]Xn®p InS-°p-∂-h-cp-a-t{X.
B k¿th-iz-cs\ Adn-bp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-am{Xta
a\p-jy\v kZm kpJw e`n-°q.
th-Z-Øn¬ At\Iw Cuiz-c-∑mtcm?
tNmZyw:-˛ thZ-Øn¬ At\Iw Cuiz-c∑
- m¿
D≠v . CXv \nßƒ AwKo- I - c n- ° p- ∂ pthm
C√tbm?
DØcw:-˛ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√. Fs¥-∂m¬
\mep-th-Z-ß-fn-sem-cn-SØpw Aßs\ ]d-™nń√ F∂p-am-{X-a√ Hcp Cuizct\ Ds≈∂v ]d™n-´p-ap-≠v.
tNmZyw:-˛ thZ-ß-fn¬ At\-I-tZ-h-X-I-sf∏‰n ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xns‚ Xmev]-cy-sa-¥mWv?
DØcw:-˛ ]rYnhn apX-em-b-hbv°v Znhy-Kp-Wß-fp-≈-Xp-sIm-≠mWv tZh-X-I-sf∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv. F∂m¬ Ch Cuiz-c-\m-sW-t∂m, D]m-k\m-tbm-Ky-am-sWt∂m AwKo-I-cn-®n-ń-√. Cu
a{¥-Øn¬ Xs∂ ""GsXm-cp-h\
- n¬ kIe tZh-
127
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c≥ thZw
X-Ifpw ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂pthm Ah-s\-bt{X
Adn-tb≠Xpw D]m-kn-t°-≠-Xpw.'' F∂p ]d™n-´p-≈Xp t\m°p-I. tZh≥ F∂p tI´m¬
Cuiz-c≥ F∂p {Kln-°p-∂Xp sX‰m-Wv. tZh∑-mc
- p-tSbpwIqSn tZh-\m-bX
- p-sIm-≠mWv k¿thiz-cs\ alm-tZ-h-s\∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. kIe
temI-ß-fp-sSbpw krjvSn-ÿn-Xn-kw-lm-c-ßƒ
\S-Øp-∂-h\pw \ymbm-[o-i\pw A[n-]-Xnbpw
At±lw Xs∂. ""{Xb-kv{Xnwi-{Xn-i-Xm''˛
CXymZn {]amWw thZ-ß-fn-teXp Xs∂-bmWv
iX-]Y {_m“-WØn¬ CXns‚ hymJym\w
t\m°p-I. ""ap∏-Øn-aq∂p tZh--X-Iƒ Cu IW°-\p-k-cn-®m-Wv-˛-]r-Yn-hn, Pew, A·n, hmbp,
BIm- i w, N{µ≥, kqcy≥, \£- { X- ß ƒ
F∂nh krjvSn-bpsS hmk-ÿm-\-am-I-bm¬
F´p hkp- ° - f m- W v . {]mW≥, A]m- \ ≥,
hym\≥, DZm-\≥, kam-\≥, \mK≥, Iq¿Ω≥,
IrI-e≥, tZh-ZØ
- ≥, [\-RvPb
- ≥, Pohm-flmhv, F∂o ]Xn-s\m∂p cp{Z-∑mcpw ico-csØ
XyPn®p t]mIp-tºmƒ tcmZ\w sNøn-°p-∂-hcm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ cp{Z-∑m-sc∂p ]d-bp-∂p. kwh’- c - Ø nse ]{¥≠p amk- ß ƒ F√m- h - c psSbpw Bbp- ns\ A]-l-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v
ZzmZ-im-Zn-Xy-∑m¿ F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. ]c-a-amb
sFiz- c y- Ø n\p ImcWw an∂- e m- I - b m¬
AXns\ C{µ≥ F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. hmbp, ag,
sh≈w, Huj-[n-Iƒ F∂n-hsb ip≤o-I-cn-°p∂- X n- \ mepw hnZz- ÷ - \ - ß fpsS kXv I mcw
At\I hn[- Ø n- e p≈ inev ] - h n- Z y- I - f psS
{]Nmcw F∂n-h-bmepw {]P-Isf ]men-°p--∂Xp-sIm≠pw b⁄-Øn\pw {]Pm-]Xn F∂v ]dbp-∂p. C∏-d™ ap∏-Øn-aq∂pw ap≥]-d-™
KpW-ß-fp-≈-Xn-\m¬ tZh-X-I-fm-Wv. Ch-bp-sSsb√mw A[n-]-Xnbpw F√m-‰n-t\-°mfpw _rlØp- a mb k¿th- i z- c ≥ ap∏- Ø n- \ m- e m- a sØ
tZh\pw F√m-h¿°pw D]m-ky-\p-am-Wv. F∂p
iX-]-Y-{_m-“-W-Øn¬ ]Xn-\memw ImWvUØn¬ kv]jvS-ambn ]d-™n-´p≠v. C∏-d™
imkv{X- ß ƒ t\m°n- b m¬ thZ- ß - f n¬
At\Iw Cuiz-c-∑m-sc-∏‰n ]d-™n-´p-s≠∂
sX‰ns‚ he-bn¬ IpSp-ßm-Xn-cn-°mw.
2. A√tbm a\pjym Cu krjv S n- b n¬
ImWp∂ kIe Ncm-Nc
- ß
- f
- nepw hym]n-®n-cp∂v
k¿h-\n-b-¥m-hmbn hnf-ßp-∂-h-\mWv Cuizc≥. At±-lsØ `b∂v \o ]c-[\w A\ym-b-
ambn B{K- l n- ° m- X n- c n- ° p- I . A\ymbw
shSn™v \ymbm-Nc
- Wam-Ip∂ [¿a-tØm-Sp-IqSn
Ah-\-hs‚ Bflm-hn¬ can®v B\-µ-a-\p-`-hn®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I.
3. Cuiz-c≥ F√m-h-scbpw D]t-Z-in-°p∂p:˛ am\-htc! Rm≥ Cuiz-c\pw as‰-√m-h-tc°mfpw hep-∏-ap-≈-h-\pw, kI-e-P-K-Øn-s‚bpw
A[n-]X
- nbpw BIp-∂p. PK-Øns‚ aqe-Im-cWw
Rm\m-Ip-∂p. k¿h-k-º-Øp-I-tfbpw Pbn®p
kzm[o-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xpw Zm\w \¬Ip-∂Xpw
Rm≥ Xs∂-bm-Wv. kIe Poh-Pm-e-ßfpw
Fs∂ ]p{X- ∑ m¿ ]nXm- h n- s \- s b- ∂ - t ]mse
Xs∂ hnNm- c n®p hnfn- ° - s ´. F√m- h ¿°pw
kuJyw \¬Ip∂ PK-Øn-\p-th-≠n, \m\m-Xcw
Blm-c-ßsf hn`-Pn®v ]cn-]m-e-\-Øn-\mbn
Rm≥ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
4. ]c-ssa-iz-cy-hm-\mb Rm≥ kqcy-Xpeyw
kI-e-tem-I-ß-tfbpw {]Im-in-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn°p-∂-h-\m-Wv. Rm≥ Hcn-°epw ]cm-P-b-s∏-SpI-bn-√. acn-°p-Ibpw C√. temI-am-Ip∂ [\Øns‚ krjvSmhv Rm≥ Xs∂. kIe PK-Øns‚bpw {kjvSn-I¿Ømhpw Rm≥ Xs∂ F∂dn-bp-I. am\-htc! sFizcye_v[n-°mbn {]bXv \ n- ° p∂ \nß- s f- √ m- h cpw hn⁄m- \ mZn
[\sØ Ft∂m-Sp-Xs∂ At]-£n®p hmßphn≥. Fs‚ ssa{Xnsb \nßƒ Hcn- ° epw
ssIsh-Sn-b-cp-Xv.
5. kXy-ambn kvXpXn-°p∂ a\p-jy\v Rm≥
k\m-X-\-amb hn⁄m-\-k-ºØp \¬Ip-∂p.
{_“-sa∂p IqSn t]cp≈ thZsØ shfn-hm°n-b-h≥ Rm≥ Xs∂. B thZ-ßƒ hgn-bmwhÆw shfn-hm-°p∂ s]mcpfpw Rm≥ Xs∂.
thZ-Øn-eqsS F√m-h-cp-sSbpw ⁄m\sØ
h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂Xpw Rm≥ Xs∂-bm-Wv. k÷\-ßsf {]h¿Øn-∏n-°p∂pw b⁄-ßƒ sNøp∂-h¿°p êw \¬Ip-∂Xpw Rm\m-Ip-∂p. Cu
hniz-Øn-ep-≈s
- X√mw Imcy-hk
- vXp-°s
- f-sb√mw
krjvSn®v [mcWw sNøp-∂Xpw Rm≥ Xs∂.
AXn-\m¬ \nßƒ Fs∂ hn´v as‰m-∂n-t\bpw
F\n°p ]Icw ]qPn-°-cp-Xv, am\n-°-cp-Xv, Adnb-cp-Xv.
lnc-Wy-Kcv`x ka-hcvØ-Xmt{K `qXky
PmXx]Xn-tcI BkoX;v kZm[mc ]rYnhow
Zymap-tXamw Ikvssa-tZ-hmb lhnjm hnt[a
(b-Pp. 13.4)
128
Ggmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
bPp¿th-Z-Øn-ep≈ a{¥-am-WnXv:-˛ A√tbm
a\p-jytc! krjvSn-°p-apºv tXtPm-a-b-ß-fmb
kqcymZn kIe temI-ß-fp-sSbpw Dev∏-Ønÿm-\hpw B[m-ch
- p-am-bn-cp-∂X
- pw, CXn-\p-apºp
D≠m-bn-´p-≈Xpw Ct∏mƒ DffXpw C\n-ta¬
D≠m-Ip-∂-Xp-amb kIe ]Zm¿∞-ß-fp-sSbpw
bPam-\-\m-bXpw, BIp-∂Xpw GsXm-cp-ht\m
Ah≥ `qtemIw apX¬ kqcy-temIw hsc-bp≈
krjvSn-ap-gp-h\pw \n¿Ωn®p c£n®p h¿Øn-°p∂p. B\-µ-kz-cq-]-\mb B ]c-am-flm-hn¬
Rß-sf-t∏mse \nßfpw `‡n-bp-f-f-h-cm-Ip-I.
tNmZyw:-˛ "Cuiz-c≥' "Cuiz-c≥' F∂nßs\ \nßƒ ]d-bp-∂p-≠-t√m. F∂m¬
Cuiz- c - \ p- s ≠∂p sXfn- b n- ° p- h m≥ Ignbptam?
DØcw:-˛ {]Xy-£m-Zn-bmb F√m {]am-Wß-sf-s°m≠pw sXfn-bn-°mw.
tNmZyw:-˛ Cuiz-c-\p-s≠-∂p-≈-Xn\v {]Xy£mZn {]am-W-ß-sfm∂pw Hcn-°epw sXfnhm-Ip-∂n-√t√m?
DØcw:-˛ C{µn-bmcvY k∂n-I¿tjm-Xv]∂w
⁄m\ ahy-]-tZ-iyahy`nNmcn hyh-km-bmflIw {]Xy-£av (\ym-bw. 1.4)
KuX-a-a-l¿jn-bpsS \ymb-Z¿i-\-Ønse
Hcp kq{X-am-Wn-Xv. sNhn, aq°v, Xz°v, IÆv,
\m°v, a\ v F∂n-hbv°v i_vZw, kv]¿iw,
K‘w, cq]w, ckw, kpJZpx- J - ß ƒ F∂o
kXym-k-Xy-hn-j-bßtfmSv kw_‘w sIm≠p≠m-Ip∂ ⁄m\-tØ-bmWv {]Xy£w F∂p
]d-bp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ AXp sX‰m-bn-cn-°-cp-Xv.
ChnsS Ipd-s®m∂p Nn¥n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v:-˛ C{µnb-ßƒ a\-t m-Sp-IqSn tNcp-tºmƒ KpW-ßƒ
am{Xta {]Xy-£-am-Ip-∂p-≈q. KpWn {]Xy-£am-Ip-∂n-√. Xz°v, IÆv, \m°v, aq°v F∂o C{µnb-ß-sf-s°m-≠pw kv]¿iw, cq]w, ckw, K‘w
F∂o \mep KpW-ß-fpsS ⁄m\-amWv D≠mIp-∂-Xv. AXp-hgn KpWn-bmb ]rYhn Bflmhn-t\m-Sp-IqSn kwbp-‡-am-bn-´p≈ a\- n¬
{]Xy-£o-`-hn-°p-∂p. AXp-t]mse C°m-Wp∂
krjvSn-bpsS cN-\m-hn-ti-jmZn ⁄m\m-{i-bß-fmb KpW-ßƒ {]Xy-£-am-Ip-tºmƒ PK-Zoiz-c\pw {]Xy£o-`-hn-°p-∂p. Bflmhp a\ ns\ t{]cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw a\ v C{µn-b-ßsf
GsX-¶nepw Hcp hnj-b-tØmSp IqSn kwtbm-
Pn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ As√-¶n¬ a\ pw
C{µn-bß
- fpw tamjWw apX-emb Zpjv{]-hr-ØnI-tfm ]tcm-]-Imcw XpS-ßnb kXvIr-Xy-ßtfm
sNøp-hm≥ Bcw-`n-°p-tºmƒ-˛P
- o-hm-flm-hn-ep≈
C— ⁄m\w apX-emb KpW-ßƒ B A`n-ejnX hnj-b-Øn-te°p sN√p-∂p. AtX £WØn¬ Xs∂ Bflm-hns‚ A¥¿`m-K-Øn¬
NoØ sNøp- ∂ - X n¬ `bw, kwibw, e÷
F∂n-hbpw kXvIrXyw sNøp-∂Xn¬ ss[cyw
kwi-b-cm-ln-Xyw. kt¥m-jw, D’m-lw, F∂nhbpw D≠m-Ip-∂p. CXp Pohm-flm-hn¬ \n∂√. ]c-am-flm-hn¬ \n∂m-Wp-≠m-Ip-∂X
- .v IqSmsX
Pohm-flmhp ]cn-ip-≤-ambn ]c-am-flm-hns\
[ym\n-°p-tºmƒ AXn\p Pohm-flmhpw ]c-amflmhpw {]Xy-£-am-Ip-∂p. {]Xy-£-am-Ip-s∂¶n¬ A\p-am-\m-Zn-IƒsIm≠v Cuiz-c-⁄m\w
D≠m-Ip-sa-∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-sa-¥mWv? Imcyw
I≠n-´m-Wt√m Imc-WsØ A\p-am-\n-°p-∂-Xv.
Cu-iz-cs‚ hym]-I-Xzw
tNmZyw:-˛ Cuiz-c≥ Fßpw hym]n-®n-cn-°p∂pthm Hcn-SØp hkn-°p-∂pthm?
DØcw:-˛ Fßpw hym]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Hcn-SØ
- pam{Xw ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ k¿hm-¥-bman- b pw, k¿∆- ⁄ - \ pw, k¿h- \ n- b - ¥ mhpw ,
{kjv S m- h pw, kwc- £ - I - \ pw, kwlm- c - I \pw
Bbn-cn-°p-hm≥ km[n-°p-∂X
- √
- . I¿Øm-hns‚
km∂n≤yw C√m-Ø-bn-SØv {Inb-bp-an-√.
Z-bm-ephpw \ymb-Im-cn-bpw
tNmZyw:-˛ Cuiz-c≥ Zbm-ephpw \ymb-Imcn-bpamtWm?
DØcw:-˛ AtX.
tNmZyw:-˛ C∏-d™ c≠p KpW-ßfpw ]ckv ] - c - h n- c p- ≤ - ß - f m- W v . \ymbw \S- Ø p∂
]£w Zbbpw Zb ImWn- ° p∂ ]£w
\ymbhpw Dt]-£n-t°≠n hcpw. \ymb-sa∂p
]d-bp-∂Xp I¿Ω-ß-f-\p-k-cn®v G‰-°p-d-hpIƒ IqSmsX kpJ-Zpx-J-ßsf \¬Ip-I-bm-Ip∂p. Ip‰w sNbvX-hs\ in£n-°msX hn´-bbv°p-∂-Xn-s\-bmWp Zb F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
\ym-bhpw Zb-bpw
DØcw:-˛ \ymbw. Zb F∂n-hbv°p XΩn¬
\ma-am-{X-t`-Z-ta-bp-≈q. \ymbw sIm≠p kn≤n°p∂ {]tbm-P\w Xs∂-bmWp Zb-sIm≠pw
129
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c≥ thZw
e`n-°p-∂X
- v. a\p-jy¿ Ip‰w sNøp-∂X
- n¬ \n∂p
]n≥h-en-bp-Ibpw ZpxJ-a\
- p-`h
- n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂-Xn-\mWv in£ \¬Ip-∂-Xv. a‰p-≈-hcpsS ZpxJ-ßsf Zqco-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv Zbsb∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Zb, \ymbw F∂n-hbv°v
\nßƒ ]d™ A¿∞w icn-b-√. Fs¥-∂m¬
GXp Zpjv I ¿Ωw Hcp- h ≥ F{X- t Ømfw
sNbvXpthm Ah\v AXn\p X°-hÆw in£
\evI-Ww. AXmWv \ymbw. Ip‰w sNbvX-h\p
in£ \¬Ip-∂n-s√-¶n¬ Zb-bn-√m-Xm-hpw, Ip‰°m-c-\mb I≈s\ in£n-°msX hn´m¬ AXv
At\-Im-bncw kXv]p-cp-j∑
- m¿°v D]-{Z-ha
- m-Ipw.
Hcp-hs\ in£n-°msX hn´-b-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v
At\-Im-bncw P\-ßƒ°p ZpxJw t\cn-Sp-sa¶n¬ AsX-ßs\ Zb-bmIpw? B I≈s\ XShn-en´p ]m]-I¿a-ßf
- n¬ \n∂pw AI‰n \n¿Øp∂- X p- s Im≠v I≈s‚ t\tcbpw Ahs\
sIm∂p-I-f-bp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v a‰p≈ At\-Imbncw Bfp-I-fpsS t\scbpw Zb ImWn-°p-∂p.
tNmZyw:-˛ ]ns∂-sb-¥n\v \ymbw, Zb F∂o
c≠p hm°p-Iƒ D≠mbn? B c≠p hm°pI-fp-sSbpw A¿Yw H∂p-X-s∂-bm-sW-¶n¬
c≠p hm°p-Iƒ shdp-sX-bm-W-t√m. Hcp ]Zw
am{Xw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-XmWp \√-Xv. Aßs\b√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ Zb-bp-sSbpw \ymb-Øns‚bpw {]tbm-P\w H∂-s√∂p a\- n-em-Ip∂p.
DØcw:-˛ Htc A¿YsØ t_m[n-∏n-°p∂
At\Iw hm°p-Ifpw Htc hm°n\p At\Iw
A¿Y-ßfpw D≠m-Im-dnt√?
tNmZyw:-˛ D≠v?
DØcw:-˛ ]ns∂ F¥p-sIm-≠mWv \nßƒ°v
kwi-b-ap-≠m-bXv?
tNmZyw:-˛ temI-Øn¬ Aßs\ ]d-™ptIƒ°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂?
DØcw:-˛ temI-Øn¬ kXyhpw Ak-Xyhpw
]d- b p- ∂ Xv Aß- s \- ] - d ™p tIƒ°mw.
F∂m¬ Ahsb ]cn-tim-[n®p \n¿W-bn-t°≠Xv Ah-\-hs‚ IS-a-bm-Ip-∂p. kIe PohnI-fp-sSbpw Pohn-tXm-t±iw km[n-°p-∂-Xn\v
temI- Ø n- e p≈ kakv X hkv X p- ° - s fbpw
krjvSn®p \evIn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Cuizcs‚ Zbbm-Wv. CXn-ep-]cn al-Ømb Zb GXmWv?
G‰-°p-dh
- p-It- fm-Sp-Iq-Snb kpJ-Zpx-Jh
- y-hÿ
\ymb-^-esØ {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. \ymbw,
Zb Ch c≠n\pw XΩn-ep≈ t`Zw C{X-am-{Xam-Wv. F√m-h¿°pw kpJ-ap-≠m-IWsa∂pw
ZpxJ-ßƒ \oß-W-sa∂pw C—-P-\n-°p-Ibpw
AXn-\-\p-k-cn®p {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xns\ Zb-sb∂pw _mly-tN-jvS-I-sf-˛-_-‘\w
h[w apX-emb in£-I-sf-˛-\ymbw F∂pw ]dbp-∂p. F√m-h-scbpw ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂pw ZpxJß-fn¬ \n∂pw th¿s]-Sp-ØpI F∂-Xp-X-s∂bmWv c≠n-s‚bpw {]tbm-P-\w.
\ncm-Im-ct\m kmImc-t\m
{]iv\w:-˛ Cuiz-c≥ kmImct\m \ncm-Imcmt\m ?
DØcw:-˛ \ncm-Im-c≥. kmImc-\m-sW-¶n¬
hym]-I-\m-hp-I-bn-√. hym]-I-\-s√-¶n¬ k¿h⁄Xzw apX-eh
- mb KpW-ßƒ Cuiz-c\p tNcpI-bn-√. ]cn-anX hkvXp-hn-ep≈ KpW-I¿a-kz`m-h-ßfpw ]cn-an-X-am-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m. IqSmsX
Cuiz-c≥ kmIm-c-\m-sW-¶n¬ iotXm-jvWßƒ hni∏pw Zml-hpw, tcmK-ßƒ, tZmj-ßƒ,
tOZ-\w, t`Z\w apX-emb {Inb-Iƒ F∂n-hsbm∂pw G¬°m-Ø-h-\m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. AXn\m¬ Cuiz-c≥ \ncm-Im-c≥ Xs∂-bm-Wv. Cuizc≥ kmIm-c\
- m-sW-¶n¬ Cuiz-cs‚ IÆv, aq°v,
sNhn apX-emb Ah-b-h-ßƒ \n¿Ωn-°p∂
thsdm- c p- h ≥ D≠m- b n- c n- ° - W w. kwtbmKw
sIm≠p-≠m-Ip∂ hkvXp-°sf kwtbm-Pn-∏n-°phm≥ kmIm- c \pw tNX- \ \pamb Hcp- h ≥
thWw. Cuiz-c≥ kz¥w C—-sIm≠p kzi-cocsØ kzbw krjvSn-°p-Ib
- mWp sNbvXs
- X∂p
]d-™mepw ico-c-\n¿am-W-Øn\p apºp \ncmIm-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂p kn≤n-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬
]c-am-flmhv Hcn-°epw icocw [cn-°p-∂n-√.
\ncm- I m- c - \ m- b n- c p∂v kIe PK- Ø n- t \bpw
kq£va-Im-c-W-ß-fn¬ \n∂v ÿqe-cq-]sØ
{]m]n-°p-∂-tX-bp-≈q.
k¿h-i-‡≥
tNmZyw:-˛ Cuiz-c≥ k¿h-i-‡-\mtWm
A√tbm?
DØcw:-˛ k¿h-i-‡-\m-Wv. F∂m¬ k¿hi-‡n-am≥ F∂ ]Z-Øn\p \nßƒ [cn-®p-h-®n´p≈ A¿Y-an-√. k¿h-i-‡n-am≥ F∂-Xns‚
A¿Yw CXmWv:-˛ Cuiz-c\v Xs‚ I¿Ø-hyamb krjvSn-ÿn-Xn-kw-lm-c-ßƒ \n¿h-ln-°p-
130
Ggmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
∂-Xn\pw kIe Pohm-flm-°-fp-sSbpw ]pWy]m-]-hy-hÿ bYm-tbmKyw \S-Øp-∂-Xn\pw
H´pw ]c-k-lmbw th≠. Af-hn-√mØ kzkma¿Yyw sIm≠p Xs∂ k¿h-I¿a-ßfpw, \n¿hln-°p∂p F∂¿Yw.
tNmZyw:-˛ Xt∂-°mƒ hep-Xmbn a‰mcpw
C√m- Ø - X p- s Im≠v Cuiz- c ≥ X∂njv S w
t]mse {]h¿Øn-°p-sa∂v Rßƒ hnNm-cn°p-∂p.
DØcw:-˛ Cuiz-c\v F¥n-emWv C—-bp-≈Xv?
F√m-‰nepw C—-bp-s≠∂pw F¥pw sNøp-hm≥
i‡- \ m- s W∂pw \nßƒ ]d- b p∂ ]£w
kzbw\in-°p-hm-\pw, At\Iw Cuiz-c-∑msc
krjv S n- ° p- h m- \ pw, kzbw aqV- \ m- b n- Ø o- c phm\pw tamjWw apX-emb ]m]-I¿Ω-ßƒ
sNøm\pw ZpxJn-X-\m-Ip-hm\pw Ign-bptam? C∏d™ {]-hr-Øn-I-sf√mw Cuiz-cs‚ KpW-I¿akz-`m-h-ßƒ°p hncp-≤-ßfmsW∂p ]d-bp-Ibm-sW-¶n¬, Cuiz-c\v F√m I¿a-ßfpw sNøphm≥ km[n-°p-sa∂p \nßƒ ]d-™Xpw icnbm-hp-∂n-√. AXn-\m¬ k¿h-i-‡n-am≥ F∂
]Z-Øn\p Rm≥ ]d™ A¿Yw Xs∂-bmWp
icn.
A-\m-Zn
tNmZyw:-˛ Cuiz-c≥ BZn-bp-≈h
- t\m A\mZntbm?
DØcw:-˛ A\m-Zn. Imc-Whpw ]q¿h-Im-ehpw
C√m- Ø - X ns\ A\mZn F∂p ]d- b p- ∂ p.
CsX√mw {]Y-tam-√m-k-Øn¬ ]d™p Ign™p. AsX√mw AhnsS t\m°n a\- n-em-°pI.
tNmZyw:-˛ Cuiz-cs‚ C— F¥mWv?
DØcw:-˛ F√m-h¿°pw t£ahpw kpJhpw
D≠m-I-W-sa-∂mWv Cuiz-c≥ C—n-°p-∂-Xv.
]m]w sNømØ Hcp-h-t\bpw Cuiz-c≥ tkz—bm¬ as‰m-cp-hs‚ ASn-a-bm-°p-Ibn-√.
tNmZyw:-˛ Cuiz-cs\ kvXpXn-°p-Ibpw
{]m¿∞n- ° p- I bpw
D]m- k n- ° p- I bpw
sNøtWm th≠tbm?
DØcw:-˛ sNø-Ww.
tNmZyw:-˛ kvXpXn-°p-Ibpw a‰pw sNøp-∂hsc Cuiz-c≥ Xs‚ \nbaw hn´v ]m]-Øn¬
\n∂p tamNn-∏n-°ptam?
DØcw:-˛ C√.
tNmZyw:-˛ ]ns∂-¥n-\mWv kvXpXn-°p-∂Xpw
{]m¿∞n-°p-∂Xpw?
DØcw:-˛ AXns‚ êw as‰m-∂m-Wv.
tNmZyw:-˛ AsX-¥mWv?
kvXp-Xn-t`-Z-ßƒ
DØcw:-˛ Cuiz-c-¶-ep-≠m-Ip∂ kvt\lw
Cuiz-cs‚ KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Ah\-hs‚ KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ßƒ°p-≠m-Im-hp∂
kwkvImcw F∂n-h-bmWv kvXpXn-bpsS êw.
{]m¿Y\ sIm≠v A`n-am-\-an-√m-bva, D’m-lw,
klmbw F∂nh e`n-°p-∂p. ]c-{_-“-Øns‚
km£m¬°m-chpw kmbq-Py-kn-≤n-bp-amWv D]mk-\-bpsS êw.
tNmZyw:-˛ CsXm∂v hy‡-ambn ]d-™p-XcWw?
DØcw:-˛ Cuiz-c-kvXpXn CXmWv:-˛ k ]cyKm-—p-{I-a-Im-b-a-{h-W-a-kv\m-hncMv ip≤-a-]m]-hn-≤av Ihocva-\ojn ]cn`qx kzbw-`q-cym-YmXy-tXmcvYm≥ hrZ-[m—mizXo`yx kam`yx (bPp. 40. 8)
k¿h-hym-]n-bpw. io{L-Imcnbpw, A\-¥-_e-hm-\pw, ipkz-cq-]\pw k¿h-⁄\pw, k¿∆m¥cym-anbpw k¿thm-]-cn-tim-`n-°p-∂-h\pw k\mX-\\pw kzbw-`q-hp-amb Cuiz-c≥ k\m-X\cpw
A\m-Zn-If
- p-amb Pohm-flm-°f
- m-Ip∂ Xs‚ {]PIƒ°p k\m-X-\-amb thZ-hnZy D]-tZ-in®v
Bh-iy-amb ]Zm¿Y-⁄m\w Df-hm-°n-s°m-Sp°p-∂p. Cuiz-cs\ Hmtcmtcm KpW-ß-tfm-SpIq-Sn-b-h-\mbn k¶-ev]n®v sNøp∂ kvXpXn-bmI-bm¬ CXv kKp-W-kvXp-Xn-bm-Wv. ]c-am-flmhv
Hcn-°epw P∑-sa-Sp-°p-Itbm icocw [cn-°pItbm sNøp-∂n-√. On{Z-ß-sfm-∂p-an-√mØ
Cuiz-c≥ \mUnR-c-ºp-I-fm¬ _‘n-X-\m-hp∂n-√. Hcn-°epw ]m]-ßƒ sNøp-∂n-√. t¢ißfpw ZpxJ-ßfpw A⁄m-\hpw D≠m-Ip-∂n√. F∂n-ßs\ cmK--tZz-jmZnI-fmb Hmtcm KpWß-fn¬ \n∂v AI∂p \nev°p∂p F∂p k¶ev]n®v sNøp∂ Cuiz-c-kvXpXn \n¿Kp-W-kvXpXn-bm-Ip-∂p. Cuiz-c-\n¬ GsX√mw KpW-I¿akz- ` m- h - ß - f p- ≈ - X mbn k¶- e v ] n- ° p- ∂ pthm
AXmXv KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ßsf Ah-\-h-\n¬
]I¿Øp-∂-XmWv Cu kvXpXn-bpsS {]tbm-P-
131
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c≥ thZw
\w. At±lw Fßs\ \ymb-hn-[m-Xm-hm-Ip∂pthm Aßs\ Xm\pw \ymb-hn-[m-Xm-hm-IWw. kvXpXn-]m-T-I-s\-t∏mse ]c-ta-iz-cs‚
KpW-ßsf shdptX ]pI-gvØn-∏m-Sn-s°m-≠n-cn°p-Ibpw kz¥w {]hr-Øn-Isf ]cn-jv°-cn-°mXn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-hs‚ kvXpXn shdp-sXbm-Wv.
1. bmw ta[mw tZh- K Wmw ]nX- c t›m]mktX; Xbm ama-Zy-ta-[-bm-t·-ta-[mhn\wIpcp kzmlm. (b-Pp. 32 14)
2. tXtPmfkn tXmtPm-ab
- n-t[ln; hocy-akn
hocyw abn-t[ln; _e-akn _ew abn t[ln
HmtPmftkymtPm abn t[ln; a\ypckn a\ypw
abn t[ln; ktlmfkn ktlm abn t[ln.
(b-Pp. 19. 9)
3. b÷m-{KtXm Zqc-ap-ssZXn ssZhw XZp
kp]vXky XssY- s shXn Zqc- M vKaw
tPymXnjmw tPymXn-tcIw Xt∑ a\x inh
k¶-ev]-a-kvXp.
4. tb\ Icv a m- W y- ] tkm a\o- j ntWm
.bt⁄ IrWz¥n hnZ-tYjp [ocmx; bZ]qcv h w b£- a ¥x {]Pm\mw Xt∑ a\x
inhk¶-ev]-akvXp.
5. bXv {]⁄m-\-apX tNtXm [rXnivN
bt÷ym-Xn-c-¥-c-arXw {]Pmkp bkvam∂
EtX InwN\ Icva {InbtX Xt∑ a\x inhk-¶-ev]-a-kvXp.
6. tbt\Zw `qXw `ph\w `hn-jyXv ]cnKr
loX-aa
- r-tX\ kcvhav;tb\ b⁄kvXmbtX
k]vXtlmXmXt∑-a\x inh-k-¶ev]akvXp.
7. bkvan-∂rN kma bPqMv job-kvan≥
{]Xn jv T nXm cY\m`mhn- h mcmx; bkv a nw›nØMv kcvh-tamXw {]Pm\mw Xt∑-a\x
inh-k¶ ev]akvXp.
8. kpjm-c-Yn-c-izm-\nh b∑-\p-jymt∂
\obtXfòip-`ncvhm-Pn\ Ch; lrXv {]Xn-jvTw
bZ-Pncw PhnjvTw Xt∑ a\x inh-k-¶-ev]akvXp (b-Pp. 34. 1. 6).
1. tl At·-˛-{]-Im-i-kz-cq-]-\mb k¿thiz-cm˛ Ahn-Sp∂v Zbhp sNbvXv, GsXmcp
_p≤n-tb-bmtWm hnZzm-∑mcpw ⁄m\n-Ifpw
tbmKn--Ifpw D]m-kn-°p-∂-Xv, B _p≤n \evIn
Rßsf _p≤n-am-∑m-cm-°n-bmepw!
2. `K-h≥! Ahn-Sp-∂p-{]-Im-i-cq-]n-bm-Ip-∂p.
Zb-hp-sNbvXv F∂nepw {]Im-isØ {]Xn-jvTn®m-epw. Ah-Sn∂v Af-h‰ ]cm-{I-a-ap-≈-h-\m-Wv,
Ir]-sNbvXv F∂nepw ]cm-{I-aa
- p-fh
- m-°n-bm-epw.
Ahn-Sp∂v Af-h‰ _e-ap-≈-h-\m-Wv. F∂nepw
_ew ]I¿∂m- e pw. Ahn- S p∂v A\- ¥- a mb
kma¿∞y-ap-≈-h-\m-Wv, F\n°pw ]q¿W-kma¿Yyw \¬In-bm-epw, Ahn-Sp∂v ZpjvS-I¿a-ßfpsSt\scbpw Zpjv S - P - \ - ß- f psS t\scbpw
t{Im[-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-Wv. Fs∂bpw A{]Im-c-ap-≈-h-\m-°n-bm-epw, Ahn-Sp-∂v \nµm-kvXpXn- I - t fbpw Xt∂m- S p≈ A]- c m- [ ß- t fbpw
£an-°p-∂-h-\m-Wv. Zbhp sNbvXv Ft∂bpw
A{]-Im-c-am-°-tW.
3. Zbm-\nt[! \n¥n-cp-hS- n-bpsS Icp-Ws
- Im≠v
Fs‚ a\ v Pm{K- Z - h - ÿ - b n¬ hfsc ZqctØ°p t]mIp- ∂ p, Znhy- K p- W - b p- ‡ - a mbn
ÿnXn-sN-øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. B a\ p Xs∂
Rm≥ Dd-ßp-tºmƒ kpjp-]vXnsb {]m]n-°p∂p. kz]v\m-hÿ
- b
- n¬ AtX a\ v Zqsc sN√p∂-Xp-t]mse hyh-l-cn-°p-∂p. F√m {]Im-inX
hkvXp-°-sfbpw {]Im-in-∏n-°p∂ Fs‚ a\ v
inh-k-¶-ev]-˛-X-\n°pw a‰p-≈-h¿°pw \∑-bm{K-ln-°p-∂-Xv-˛-bp-‡-am-I-s´. B¿°pw lm\n
hc-cp-sX∂v B{K-ln-°p-∂-Xm-I-s´.
4. k¿hm-¥-cymao! I¿a-\n-c-X-cm-b, ss[cyhm-∑m-cmb hnZzm-∑m¿ b⁄bp-≤m-Zn-If
- n¬ I¿aa-\p-jvTn-°p-∂-Xn\p Imc-Whpw A]q¿h-amb
kma¿Yy-Øns‚ Ccn-∏n-Shpw ]qP-\o-bhpw {]PI-fpsS AIta h¿Øn-°p-∂Xpw Bb Fs‚
a\ v [¿am- N - c - W - Ø n¬ C—- b p- ≈ Xpw
A[¿asØ k¿hYm XyPn-°p-∂-Xp-am-I-s´.
5. D¬Ir-jvS⁄
m\ kzcq-]h
- pw, a‰p-≈h
- ¿°v
⁄m\-{]-Za
- mb \n-›b
- m-flI
- h
- r-Ønbpw P\-Xm¥-cw-K-Øn¬ {]Imiw sNmcn-™v \mi-c-ln-Xambn \nev°p-∂Xpw AXns‚ klm-b-sat\y
B¿°pw H∂pw sNøm≥ km[n- ° m- Ø Xpw
Bb Fs‚ a\ v kZvKpW-ß-fn-—n-°p-∂Xpw
Zp¿Kp-W-ß-fn¬ \n∂p thdn-´-Xp-am-I-s´.
6. PK-Zo-izcm! tbmKn-Iƒ `qX, `h-n-jy-Xv,
h¿Ø-am\ Imcy-ßƒ Adn-bm-\p-]t- bm-Kn-°p∂
\mi-an-√mØ Pohm-flm-hns\ ]c-am-flm-hn-t\mSp
tN¿Øv {XnIm-e⁄
m-\a
- p-≈X
- m-°p∂ PvRm\w
I¿aw F∂n- h bv°v B{i- b - a mb A©p
⁄mt\-{µn-b-ßƒ Bflmhv _p≤n F∂n-htbmSp tN¿∂n- c n- ° p∂ tbmK- a m- I p∂
132
Ggmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
bPvRsØ h¿≤n-∏n-°p∂ Fs‚ a\ v tbmKhn-⁄m-\-bp-‡hpw Ahn-ZymZn t¢i-ß-fn¬
\n∂v AI-∂-Xp-am-I-s´.
7. ]c-ah
- n-Zzm-\mb ]c-ta-izc! Aß-bpsS Ir]bm¬, cY-N-{I-Øns‚ a[y-Øn¬ \n∂v Bc-°mep-Iƒ t]mse EtKz-Zw, bPp¿th-Zw, kma-thZw, AY¿h-thZw F∂o \mep thZ-ßfpw {]XnjvTnX-amb k¿h-⁄\pw k¿∆-hym-]nbpw P\k- © - b - Ø ns‚ km£nbpw NnØ- Ø n\v
ssNX\yw \evIp-∂-h-\p-amb ]c-am-flm-hns‚
⁄m\-ap-Zn-°p∂ Fs‚ a\ v Ahn-Zysb \in∏n®v ⁄m\-bp-‡-am-I-s´.
8. k¿h-\n-b-¥m-hmb ]c-ta-izc! kmcYn
ISn-™m¨ sIm≠v IpXn-c-Isf \nb-{¥n-°p∂-Xp-t]mse a\p-jysc t\cmw-hÆw \S-Øp∂Xpw lrZ-b-Øn¬ {]Xn-jvTn-Xhpw hfsc
thK-ap-≈-Xp-amb Fs‚ a\ v F√m C{µn-bß-sfbpw A[¿am-N-c-W-Øn¬ \n∂-I‰n kZm
[¿a-\n-cX
- a
- m-IØ
- °
- h
- Æw Aßv Ir]m-\p-{Klw
sNmcn-b-Ww.
At· \b kp]Ymcmtb fAkvam≥
hnizm\n tZh hbp-\m\n hnZzm≥; bptbm-[ykva-÷qlpcmW-tat\m `qbnjvTmw tX \a f
D‡nw hnt[a. (b-Pp. 40 aw. 16)
kpJ-Zm-Xmhpw kz{]-Imi kzcq-]\pw k¿h⁄- \ p- a mb ]c- t a- i zc Aßv Rßƒ°v
t{ijvT-amb am¿§-Øn¬ IqSn kºq¿W-amb
⁄m\-ap-f-hm-°n-bm-epw. Rß-fnse ]m]m-Nc-W-am-Ip∂ IpSn-e-am¿§sØ Rßfn¬\n∂v
AI-‰n-°-f-™m-epw. \n¥n-cp-hSn Rßsf ]cnip-≤c
- m-°tW! AXn-∂mbn Rßƒ hfsc hn\b-tØm-Sp-IqSn Aßsb Df-f-gn™p {]m¿∞n°p-∂p.
amt\m alm-¥-apX am t\mfAcvÌw am\
D£¥apX am \ D£n-Xav; am t\m h[ox
]nXcw tamXamXcw am\x {]nbmkvXt\zm cp{Z
cocnjx (b-Pp. 16. 15)
cp{Z! ZpjvS-∑m¿ sNøp∂ ]m]-Øn\v ZpxJêw \evIn Ahsc tcmZ\w sNøn- ° p∂
Cuizc! Aßv Rß-fn¬ sNdn-b-h-tcbpw henb-h-tcbpw K¿`-ÿ-tcbpw amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑mscbpw {]nb-_-‘p-P-\-ß-sfbpw Ah-cpsS icoc- ß - s fbpw \in- ∏ n- ° m≥ t{]cn- ∏ n- ° - c p- t X.
in£bv ° v A¿l- c m- I mØhÆ- a p≈ am¿K-
Øn¬ Rßsf \bn-®m-epw.
AktXm am kZv Kab; Xatkm am
tPymXncvKab; artXmcvamf arXw Ka-tbXn
(i-X-]-Yw. 14. 3. 1. 30)
]ca- K p- c p- h mb k¿th- i zcm! Ahn- S p∂p
Rßsf Zp¿am¿§-ßf
- n¬ \n∂v AI‰n k∑m¿KØn-te°p \S-Øn-bm-epw. Ahn-Zy-bm-Ip∂ Iqcncp-ńs\ am‰n hn⁄m-\-am-Ip∂ {]Im-isØ
ImWn®p X∂m-epw. arXyp-hm-Ip∂ tcmK-Øn¬
\n∂p tamNn-∏n®p tam£--Øn-ep≈ B\-µ-cq-]amb Aar-XsØ {]m]n-∏n-®m-epw. GtXXp
tZmj-ß-fn¬ \nt∂m Zp¿Kp-W-Øn¬ \nt∂m,
Cuiz-c\pw Xm≥Xs∂bpw AI∂v \n¬°p-∂Xmbn Nn¥n®v Cuiz-c-{]m¿∞\ sNøp-∂pthm
Ah-bnse hn[nbpw \ntj-[-ßfpw B {]m¿∞\sb kKp-Wtam \n¿Kp-Wtam Bb {]m¿∞\-bm-°p-∂p. {]m¿∞n-°p∂ hnj-b-Øn\v A\pk-cn®v {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw thWw. A\\y
km[m- c - W - a mb _p≤ni‡n In´p- h m- \ mbn
Cuiz-cs\ {]m¿∞n-°p-∂-bmƒ AXn\p th≠n
Ign-bp-∂n-S-tØmfw {]b-Xv\n-°p-Ibpw thWw.
Ign-bp-∂{X {]b-Xv\n-®-Xn-\p-tijw am{Xta
{]m¿∞n-°mhq F∂¿Yw.
Fßs\ {]m¿∞n-°-cpXv?
""Cuizcm Ahn-Sp∂v Fs‚ i{Xp-°sf \in∏n-t°-Wta. Fs∂ as‰-√m-h-sc-°mfpw hen-bh-\m-t°-Wt- a. F\n°p am{Xta A[n-Imcw e`n°m-hq. as‰-√m-hcpw Fs‚ ASn-a-I-fm-bn-Øo-cWw.'' F∂n-ß-t\bpw a‰pw Hcn-°epw {]m¿∞n°-cp-Xv. Cuiz-c≥ AXp ssIs°m-≈p-I-bn-√.
c≠p i{Xp-°fpw At\ym\yw \in-∏n-°p-∂Xn\p {]m¿∞n-®m¬ Cuiz-c≥ Ccp-h-scbpw
\in-∏n®p If-bptam? A[nIw `‡n-bp-≈-hs‚
{]m¿∞\ k^-e-am-tI-≠-XmWv F∂p ]d™m¬ `‡n- Ip-d™
h
- s‚ i{Xp-hn\pw Aev]wkzev ] w \miw kw`- h nt°≠Xm- s W- ∂ p
h∂pIq-Spw. Cßs\ aqV-{]m¿∞\ sNbvXv
""Cuizcm Aßv tNm'dv D-≠m°n Rßsf `pPn∏n- ® m- e pw! Fs‚ hosSm∂v ASn- ® p- X - f n®p
X∂mepw! hkv { X- ß ƒ Ae- ° n- Ø - ∂ mepw!
Irjn-{]-hr-Øn-IqSn \S-Øn-Ø-∂mepw'' Fs∂ms°bpw {]m¿∞n- t ®- ° mw. Cßs\ F√mw
Cuiz-c-\n-te-ev]n®v Ae-k-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂-h¿
alm-aq-V-m-cm-Wv. ]pcp-jm¿∞w sNø-W-sa∂
133
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c≥ thZw
Cuiz-cm⁄ ewLn®p \S-°p-∂-h¿°v Hcn°epw kpJw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. t\m°pI:-˛
Ipcv ∆ - t ∂- t hl Icv a mWn PnPn- h n- t j—XMvkamx (bPp. 40. 2)
""Cuiz-c≥ B⁄m-]n-°p-∂p˛ a\p-jy≥ \qdp
kwh-’cw AYhm Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂n-S-tØmfw
Imew I¿aw sNbvXp-sIm≠p Xs∂ Pohn-®n-cn°p-hm≥ C—n-°-Ww. Hcn-°epw Ae-k-\m-I-cpXv. Cuiz-c-kr-jvSn-bn¬ tNX-\-ßfpw AtN-X\- ß - f p- a mbn F{X hkv X p- ° - f pt≠m Ahsb√mw AXm-Xns‚ I¿a-ßƒ sNbvXp-sIm-≠pX-s∂-bm-Wn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ddpºpw a‰pw kZm {]bXv\n-°p-∂p. `qtKm-fmZn {Kl-ßƒ kZm Xncn™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. ac-ßƒ apX-em-bh
hf¿∂p h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw £bn-®p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw
sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ
a\p-jy¿°p ]mT-am-I-Ww. ]cn-{i-an-°p-∂-hsc
a‰p-≈h
- ¿ klm-bn-°p-∂X
- p-t]mse [¿am-\p-krX-ambn {]b-Xv\n-°p-∂-hsc Cuiz-c≥ klmbn-°p-∂p. ]cn-{i-a-io-e-\m-bn-´p≈ a\pjys\
am{Xta `rXy-\mbn \nb-an-°m-dp-≈q. aSn-b-\mbn-´p-≈-hs\ \nb-an-°m-dn-√. IÆp-≈-h\pw
Im◊m≥ B{K- l ap- ≈ - h - \ p- a mb a\p- j y\p
am{Xta ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-°m-dp-≈q. A‘-∑m¿°p
ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-°pI ]Xn-hn-√. AXp-t]mse
Xs∂ F√m- h - c p- t Sbpw D]- I m- c - Ø n- \ mbn
{]m¿∞\ sNøp- t ºmƒ am{Xta Cuiz- c ≥
klm-bn-°q. lm\n-I-c-amb I¿a-ß-fn¬ klmbn-°p-I-bn-√. i¿°c am[q-cy-ap-≈-XmWv F∂p
]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-h\v i¿°c In´p-∂n-√.
Ah≥ AXns‚ kzmZdn-bp-∂p-an-√. {]b-Xv\n-°p∂-h\v thKtam Aev]w sshIntbm i¿°c
In´pw.
D-]m-k-\
aq∂m-a-tØXv D]m-k-\-bmWv
kam-[n-\ncv[q-X-a-eky tNXtkm hnt-hinX kymfl\n b’pJw `thXv; \ iIytX
hcvW-boXpw Kncm XZm kzb¥ Z¥x IctW\ KrlytX.
CXv D]-\n-j-Øn-ep≈ hN-\-amWv. 3 AhnZym-Zn-I-fmb at\m-a-e-ß-sf√mw kam-[n-tbmKw
sIm≠p \in-®n-´p-≈, Bflÿ-\m-bn-cp-∂v a\-
ns\ ]c-am-flm-hn¬ {]Im-in-∏n-®n-´p-≈-bm-fn\v
]c- a m- fl - k w- k ¿§w sIm≠p- ≠ m- I p∂ B\µsØ hnh-cn-°m-\m-hp-I-bn-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ B
B\-µsØ Pohm-flmhv AXns‚ A¥x-I-cWw
sIm≠v A\p-`-hn-°p-I-bmWp sNøp-∂-Xv. D]mk\ F∂ i_vZØ
- n\p kao-]ÿ
\
- m-bn-cn-°pI
F∂¿Y-am-Wv. AjvSmwK tbmK-Øm¬ ]c-amflm-hn‚ kao-]-h¿Øn-bm-Im\pw k¿h-hym]nbpw k¿hm-¥-cym-an-bp-ambn km£mXv°-cn°m\pw sNtø-≠-Xmb I¿a-ß-sf√mw sNtø≠-XmWv.
X{Xm-lnw-km-k-Xym-kvtXb {_“-Ncym ]cn-{Klm bamx. (tbm. Z. km ]m. 30)
CXymZn kq{X-ßƒ ]mX-RvP-e-tbm-K-imkv{X-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-Ip-∂p. D]m-k-\-bm-cw-`n-°p-∂bmƒ sNbvXp-Xp-S-tß-≠Xv C∏-d-bp-∂-h-bmWv:˛ BtcmSpw sshc-`mhw ]mSn-√. F√m-h-tcmSpw
F√m-bvt∏mgpw {]oXn-tbmsS; s]cp-am-d-Ww.
kXyw ]d-bWw AkXyw Hcn-°epw ]d-b-cpXv;
tamjvSn-°-cp-Xv, kXy-hm\pw PntX-{µn-b-\p-am-bncn- ° - W w. kpJm- k - ‡ t\m Zpc- ` n- a m- \ ntbm
Bbn-cn-°-cp-Xv; Al-¶mcw ]mSn-√. C∏-d™
A©pba-ßƒ tN¿∂-XmWv D]m-k-\m-tbm-KØns‚ H∂m-asØ AwKw.
iuN-k-t¥m-j-X]x kzm[ym-tb-iz-c-{]Wn
[m-\m\n \nbamx (tbm Z. km. ]m. 32)
cmK-tZz-jm-Zn-Isf ]cn-Xy-Pn®v AI-tabpw
Pem-Zn-I-fp-]-tbm-Kn®v ]pd-tabpw ip≤-\m-I-Ww.
[¿a-hn-t[-b-amb {]b-Xv\-Øn¬ em`-Øn¬
kt¥m-jtam \jv-S-Øn¬ ZpxJtam D≠m-I-cpXv. {]k-∂-X-tbm-sS, Ae-kX shSn™v kZm
]cn-{i-an-°-Ww. Ft∏mgpw kpJ-Zpx-J-ßsf
kln®v [¿aw am{Xw sNø-Ww. A[¿aw sNøcp-Xv. kXy-im-kv{X-ßƒ ]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww. k’wKw sNø-Ww. Cuizc-\m-a-amb Hmw A¿Y-hn-Nm-c-tØmsS \ntXy\
P]n- ° - W w. Cuiz- c m- ⁄ - b v ° - \ p- I q- e - a mbn
Bfl-k-a¿∏Ww sNø-Ww. Cu A©p-hn[
\nb-a-ßƒ tN¿∂m¬ D]m-k-\m-tbm-K-Øns‚
c≠m-asØ AwKw F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. CXn-\p-tij-ap≈ Bdw-K-ßƒ tbmK-im-kv{X-Øntem
EtKz-ZmZn `mjy-`q-an-I 4-bntem t\m°n {Kln°p-I.
4 thZ-]-cy-S-\w.
3 ssa{Xm-b-Wyp-]-\n-jØv 4.49 2)
134
Ggmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
D]m-k-\bv°v C—-bp-≈-t∏mƒ ip≤-amb
GIm-¥-ÿm-\Øp sN∂v Bk-\-ÿ-\mbn
{]mWm-bmaw sNbvXv C{µn-b-ßsf _mly-hnj-b-ß-fn¬ \n∂p XS™v a\- ns\ s]m°nƒ
`mK-tØm, lrZ-bØ
- n-tem, IWvTØ
- n-tem, t\{Xß-fn-tem, D®n-bntem ]rjvT-`m-K-Øn¬ \s´√v
Ah-km-\n-°p-∂n-S-tØm 5 Dd-∏n®p \n¿Øn,
Bfl-]-c-am-fl hnth-N\w sNbvXv ]c-am-flmhn¬ a·-\mbn kwb-an-bm-I-Ww. Cu km[-\Iƒ A\p-jvTn-°p-∂-bm-fns‚ Bflmhpw A¥xI- c - W hpw AXy¥w ]cn- i p- ≤ hpw kXy- k ºq¿Whpw Bbn ]cn-W-an-°p-∂p. Abmƒ
Xs‚ ⁄m\- h n- ⁄ m- \ - ß sf \mƒtXmdpw
h¿≤n-∏n®v tam£w t\Sp-∂p. Znh-k-Øn-ep≈
F´p bma-ß-fn¬ Hcp \mgn-I-sb-¶nepw [ym\n°p-∂-h≥ D∂-Xnsb {]m]n-°p-∂p.
kKp-W-˛-\n¿KpW D]m-k\
k¿h-⁄-XzmZn KpW-bp-‡≥ F∂p k¶ev]n®v D]m-k\ sNøp-∂Xp kKp-tWm-]m-k\bpw tZzjw, cq]w, ckw, K‘w, kv]¿iw apXemb KpW-ßs
- fm-∂p-an-√m-Øs
- X∂p k¶-ev]n®v
AXn- k q- £ v a - a mb Bflm- h n¬ AIØpw
]pdØpw Fßpw \nd-™n-cn-°p∂ ]c-am-flmhn¬ ÿnXn sNøp-∂Xv \n¿Kp-tWm-]m-k-\bpw
BIp∂p. Cu D]m-k-\-bpsS êw C\n ]dbmw.:-˛ XWp-Øp-hn-d® Hcp-h\v A·n-bpsS
kmao]yw sIm≠v ssiXyw ian- ° p- ∂ - X pt]mse Cuiz-cs‚ km∂n≤yw sIm≠v Pohmflm-hns‚ kI-e-tZm-j-ßfpw ZpxJ-ßfpw \in®p-t]m-hp-Ibpw KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-hß
- ƒ ]c-am-flmhns‚ KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ß-sf-t∏mse ]cn-ip-≤ß-fm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Cuiz-c-hnj- b - I - a mb kv X pXn, {]m¿∞- \ , D]m- k \
F∂nh \n›-b-ambpw A\p-jvTn-°-Ww. D]mk-\-bpsS êw kvXpXn {]m¿∞-\IfpsS êØn¬\n∂p `n∂-am-Wv. ZpxJ-ßƒ t\cn-Sp∂ kabØv ]¿∆Xw t]mse Dd-®p-\n∂v F¥pw kln°p-hm≥ Ign-hp-≠m-hp-Ibpw Bfl-_ew Atßb‰w h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-XmWv D]m-k-\bpsS êw. CXp \n m- c - a mb Hcp
ImcyamtWm? am{X-a√ Cuiz-cs\ kvXpXn-°pIbpw {]m¿∞n- ° p- I bpw D]m- k n- ° p- I bpw
6 {Xb-kv{Xnw-i{- Xn-iXm kvXph-X˛- b
- Pq 14.31
5 \m`ymw IWvtT] iocvtjN lrZn h£kn ]mcvitbmx
kaybv°v hnim-]tX (a-lm-`m-cXw im:]300-˛39,40)
sNøm-Ø-h≥ henb IrXLv\\pw alm-aq-V\p-am-Wv. Cu temI-Øn-ep≈ kI-e-]-Zm¿∞ßfpw Pohm- fl m- ° - f psS kpJ- Ø n- \ mbn
\evInb Cuiz-cs‚ KpW-ßsf hnkvX-cn-°pIbpw Cuiz-cs‚ kØsb kzoI-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°pIbpw sNøp-∂Xv IrX-Lv\-Xbpw hnUvVn-Øhp-a-√msX as‰-¥mWv?
tNmZyw:-˛ sNhn, IÆv apX-emb C{µn-bß-sfm∂pw C√mØ Cuiz-c≥ C{µn-bß
- f
- psS
tPmen Fßs\ sNøp∂p?
DØcw:-˛ A]m-Wn-]mtZm Pht\m {KloX
]iyXyN£px k irtWm- X y- I cv W x; k
thØn hnizw \N- X-kymkvXn thØm Xamlq-c{Kyw ]pcpjw ]pcm-Wav 7
CXv D]-\n-j-Øn-ep≈ hN-\-am-Wv. Cuizc\v ssIIƒ C√. F¶nepw Xs‚ i‡n-bmIp∂ ssIsIm≠v F√m-‰n-s\bpw {Kln-°pIbpw cNn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Cuiz-c\v ImepIƒ C√. F¶nepw k¿h- h ym- ] n- b m- I - b m¬
F¥n- \ p- a p- ] cn thK- a p- ≈ - h - \ m- W v . IÆn√
F¶nepw F√m-‰n-s\bpw \√-hÆw ImWp-∂p.
sNhn-bn√ F¶nepw ]d-bp-∂-sX√mw tIƒ°p∂p. A¥x-I-cWw C√. F¶nepw temI-Ønep≈ kIe Imcy-ßfpw Adn-bp∂p. Cuizcs‚ Fs¥-¶nepw i‡n F{X-bm-sW∂v Bcpw
Adn-bp-∂n-√. Cuiz-c≥ k\m-X-\\pw k¿h-t{ijvT-\p-at{X B Fßpw \nd-™-hs\ ]pcp-j≥
F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. C{µn-b-ßsf sIm≠pw A¥xI-cWw sIm≠pw km[n-t°≠--sX√mw kzkma¿Yy-Øm¬ \S-Øp-∂p.
tNmZyw:-˛ At±-lsØ ]ecpw \njv{Inb\pw \n¿Kp-W\psa∂p ]d-bp-∂Xp icntbm?
DØcw:- ˛ \ Xky Imcyw ImcWw N
hnZytX \ X’a›m- ` y- [ n- I › ZriytX
]cmky i‡ncvhnhn-ss[h {iqbtX kzm`mhnIo ⁄m\ _e-{Inbm N 8 CXpw D]-\nj-Zzm-Iy-am-Wv. ]c-am-flm-hn¬ \n∂p X{Zq]Øn¬ bmsXmcp Imcyhpw D≠m-Ip-∂n-√. At±l-Øn\p Imc-W-hpw-˛-Imcyw sNøp-hm-\p≈ D]I- c - W - h - p w˛ Bhiyan- √ 9 . XØp- e yt\m
t{ijvTt\m Bbn Bcp-an-√. k¿t∆m-Ø-a-amb
7. tizXm-iz-X-tcm-]-\n-jØv 3.19.
8. tiz-Xm-iz-X-tcm-]-\n-jØv 6.8
9. km[-I-Xaw Ic-W-av. Ajym-[ymbn 1.4.42
135
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c≥ thZw
i‡n Af-h‰ ⁄m\w, FXn-c‰ _ew, AXnc‰ {Inbm-i‡n F∂nh Cuiz-c-\n¬ kzm`mhn- I - a mbn Ds≠- ∂ t{X {ipXn. Cuiz- c ≥
\njv{In-b-\m-sW-¶n¬ temI-Øns‚ krjvSn
ÿnXn kwlm-c-ßƒ \S-Øp-hm-\mhp-I-bn-√.
AXn-\m¬ hn`p-hm-sW¶nepw ˛k¿h-hym-]n-bmsW-¶n-epw˛ tNX-\-am-I-bm¬ {Inbm-hm-\p-am-Wv.
tNmZyw:- ˛ Cuiz- c ≥ {Inbm- h m- \ m- I mw.
F∂m¬ AXv Ah- k m- \ - a p- ≈ tXm C√mØtXm?
DØcw:-˛ F{X-tØmfw tZi-Im-e-ß-fn¬
hym]n-°p∂ {Inb sNøp-∂Xv DNn-X-am-sW∂p
tXm∂p-∂pthm A{X-tØmfw tZi-Im-e-ßsf
G‰-°p-dhp IqSmsX hym]n-°p∂ {Inbtb
At±lw sNøp-Ib
- p-≈q. Fs¥-∂m¬ Cuiz-c\v
Adn-hp-≠v.
tNmZyw:-˛ Cuiz-c≥ Xs‚ A¥yw Adn-bp∂pt≠m C√tbm?
DØcw:-˛ Cuiz-c≥ kºq¿W-⁄m-\n-bm-Wv.
D≈-hÆw Adn-bp-∂X
- n-s\-bmWp PvRm\-sa∂p
]d- b p- ∂ - X v . Hcp hkv X p F{]- I m- c - a mtWm
AXns\ A{]-Imcw Adn-bp-∂-Xn-\mWv ⁄m\sa∂p ]d-bp-∂X
- v. Cuiz-c≥ A\-¥\
- m-sW-¶n¬
A\- ¥ - \ m- s W∂p Xs∂ Adn- b p- ∂ - X mWv
⁄m\w. AXn\p hn]-co-Xa
- mb Adnhv A⁄m\-am-Ip-∂p. A\-¥-am-bn-´p-≈-Xns\ A¥-ap-≈Xm-sW∂pw A¥-ap-≈X
- ns\ A\-¥a
- m-sW∂pw
Adn-bp-∂Xv "{à'amWv F∂¿∞w. ""bYm¿Y
Z¿i\w ⁄m\-anXn'' 10 Hcp hkvXp-hn\v
GXp- X cw KpW- I ¿a- k z- ` m- h - ß - f pt≠m B
hkvXp-hns\ AtX-hn-[-Øn¬ Adn™v kzoIcn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv ⁄m\-sa∂pw hn⁄m-\sa∂pw ]d-bp-∂-Xv. adn-®p-≈Xv A⁄m-\-hpw.
AXn-\m¬˛
t¢i-Icva hn]m-Im-i-ssb-c-]-cm-arjvSx
]pcpj hntij Cuizcx (tbm Z. 24)
Ahn-ZymZn t¢i-ßƒ, Ipi-em-Ipie-ßƒ,
Cjv S m\n- j v S - ß ƒ IqSn- ° - e ¿∂ ê- ß ƒ
F∂nh \evIp∂ I¿Ω-ßfpw Ah-bpsS hmk\bpw C√m- Ø Xpw kIe Pohm- fl m- ° tf°mfpw hnin-jvS-am-b-Xp-at{X Cuiz-c≥.
10. XØz-⁄m-\mcvY Z¿i\w GX-Xv⁄m-\-anXn
(`-K-h-ZvKoX 13.11)
I-]n-e-a-l¿jn \nco-iz-c-hm-Zntbm?
tNmZyw:-˛ 1. Cuiz-cm-knt≤x 2. {]am-Wm-`mhm∂ X’n≤nx 3. kw_-‘m-`m-hm-∂m-\p-am\av (kmw-Jy-Z¿i\w 1˛12. 10, 11) 1. Cuiz-c≥
Ds≠∂v {]Xy-£-{]-am-Ww-sIm≠v kn≤n-°p∂n-√. 2. Cu-iz-ckn-≤n°v {]Xy-£-{]-amWw
Cs√-¶n¬ ]ns∂ A\p-am-\mZn {]am-W-ßƒ
D≠mhm≥ Xc-an-√. 3. hym]vXn-kw-_‘w
C√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v A\p-am\w D≠m-hm≥ hgnbn-√. {]Xy-£hpw A\p-am-\hpw C√m-Ø-XpsIm≠v i_vZ-{]-amWw XpS-ßn-bp≈ {]am-Wßfpw tbmPn-°p-Ib
- n-√. AXn-\m¬ Cuiz-c≥
Ds≠∂p sXfn-bn-°m≥ Bhp-I-bn-√.
DØcw:-˛ Cuiz-c≥ Ds≠-∂-Xn\v {]Xy-£{]-amWw Cs√∂p Xs∂-bmWv ChnsS ]d--™n´p-≈-Xv. Cuiz-c≥ PK-Øns‚ D]m-Zm-\-Im-c-Wa-√Xm\pw. ]pcp-j-\n¬\n∂p hne-£-W-\mbXp-sIm≠v k¿h{X ]cn-]q¿Æ-\m-I-bm¬ ]cam-flm-hns‚ t]cv ]pcp-j≥ F∂m-Ip-∂p. icoc-Øn¬ ibn-°p-∂Xv sIm≠v Pohm-flm-hns‚
t]cpw ]pcp-js\∂mIp-∂p. Pohm-flm-hns‚
t]cpw ]pcp-j-s\-∂m-Ip-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬, Cu
{]I-c-W-Øn¬Xs∂ C{]-Imcw ]d-™n-´p≠v:˛
1. {][m\ i‡n-tbm-Km-t®Xv kMvKm-]Ønx
2. k-Øm-am-{Xm-t®Xv kcvssh-iz-cyav.
3. {ipXn-c]n {][m-\-Im-cy-Xzky
(kmw-JyZ¿i\w 5 8˛9.12)
1. ]pcp-j\v {][m\ i‡n-tbm-Sp-IqSn tbmKap-s≠∂p h∂m¬ kwKm-]Øn h∂p-t]m-Ipw.
kqjva
- ß
- f
- mb ]c-amWp°tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-t®-cp∂Xp
\nanØw {]IrXn Imcy-cq-]n-bmbn ]cn-W-an-°p∂-Xp-t]mse Cuiz-c\pw kvYqe-cq-]-bmbn ]cnW-an°pw F∂¿∞w. AXn-\m¬ Cuizc≥ PKØns‚ D]m-Zm\ Imc-W-a√; \nan-Ø-Im-c-W-amIp-∂p.
2. PK-Øns‚ D¤hw tNX-\-\mb ]pcp-j\n¬ \n∂m- sW- ¶ n¬ Cuiz- c \v kI- e - h n[
sFiz-cy-ßf
- p-ap-≈X
- n-\m¬ PK-Ønepw k¿sshiz-cy-ßfpw D≠m-IW
- w. AXn-√m-ØX
- n-\m¬ PKØns‚ D]m-Zm\ Imc-W-a-√, \nanØ Imc-Wam-Wv.
3. IqSmsX D]-\n-jØpw {][m-\sØ˛{]IrXn-sb˛-bmWv PK-Øns‚ D]m-Zm-\-ambn ]d-bp-
136
Ggmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
∂-Xv. t\m°pI:-˛
APm- t aImw temlnX ip¢- I rjv W mw
_lzox {]Pmx krP-am\mw kzcq]mx (tiz-Xmiz-X-tcm-]-\n-jXv 4. 5)
CXp tizXm-iz-X-tcm-]-\n-j-Øn-ep≈ hN-\am-Wv. DXv]-Øn-hn-lo-\hpw kXzc-P-kvX-tam-cq]-hp-amb {]IrXn Xs∂-bmWp kzcq-]m-Ir-XntbmSp IqSn AkwJyw {]P-I-fmbn ]cn-W-an°p-∂-Xv. {]IrXn ]cn-Wm-an-\nbmb-Xp-sIm≠v
cq]m-¥-c-ßsf {]m]n-°p-∂p. ]pcp-j≥ ]cn-Wman-b-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. IqSÿ\pw \n¿hn-Im-c\
- p-ambn h¿Øn-°p-∂p. AXn\m¬ I]n-em-Nm-cys\ \mkvXn-I-s\∂p ]d-™h-\mWp \mkvXn-I≥. I]n-em-Nm-cy-\-√.
Cu-iz-c≥ \ymb-ssh-ti-jnI
aoamw-k-I-fn¬
AXp- t ]mse [¿a- Ø ns‚ B{i- b - a mb
[¿ansb AwKo-Ic
- n-°p∂ aoamw-km-im-kv{X-hpw,
Cuiz- c s\ kzoI- c n- ° p∂ sshti- j n- I hpw
Bflm-hns\ kzoI-cn-®n-´p≈ \ymb-Zcvi-\hpw
\nco-iz-ch
- m-Zn-If
- √
- . Fs¥-∂m¬, k¿h-⁄Xzw
XpS- ß nb [¿a- ß fpw ""AX- X n- k ¿∆{X
hym]vt\m-XoXymflm'' F∂ hyp¬∏-Øn-b-\pk-cn®v Fßpw \nd-™n-cn-°p-∂-h\pw kIe
Pohm-flm-°-fp-tSbpw IqSn Bflm-hp-amb ]pcpj-s\-Øs∂bmWp aoamwk \ymbw, sshtijnIw F∂o Z¿i-\-ßƒ Cuiz-c-\mbn AwKoI-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
A-h-Xmcw C√
tNmZyw:-˛ Cuiz-c≥ Ah-Xmcw kzoI-cn-°p∂pt≠m C√tbm?
DØcw:-˛ C√ Fs¥-∂m¬ ""AP-G-I-]mXv''
(34-˛53 ) ""k]-cy-Km-—p-{I-aI
- m-bav'' (40-˛8) F∂p
XpS-ßn-bp≈ bPq¿thZ hN-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂p
Cuiz-c≥ P∑w ssIs°m-≈p-∂n-s√∂p kn≤n°p-∂p.
tNmZyw:-˛ bZm bZm ln [cvaky •m\ncv`hXn `mcX, A`yp-∞m-\-a-[cvaky XZm-flm\w
krPm-aylw (KoX 4.7) [¿a-Øn\p tem]w hcptºm-sg√mw Rm≥ icocw [cn-°p∂p F∂p
{ioIr-jvW≥ ]d-bp-∂p-≠-t√m.
DØcw:-˛ thZ-hncp-≤-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v CXp
{]am-W-a-√. [¿am-flmhpw [¿asØ c£n-°p-
hm≥ C—m-ep-hp-amb {ioIr-jvW≥ ""Rm≥ bpKw
tXmdpw P∑w -ssIsIm≠v injvS-P-\-ßsf ]cn]m-en-°p-Ibpw ZpjvS-∑msc kwl-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNøpw'' F∂n-ßs\ B{K-ln-®n-´p-≠m-bn-cn°mw. Aßs\ sNøp-∂-Xn¬ tZmj-sam-∂p-an√. Fs¥-∂m¬ ""]tcm-]-Im-cmb kXmw hn`pXbx'' k÷-\ß
- f
- psS icocw a\ v [\w F∂nh-sb√mw ]tcm-]-Im-c-Øn-\m-bn-´p-≈-Xm-W-t√m.
F∂mepw {ioIr-jvW≥ CXp-sIm≠v Cuiz-c\m-sW∂p hcp-hm≥ Xc-an-√.
tNmZyw:-˛ Cß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ temI-Øn¬
Cuiz-cs‚ Ccp-]-Øn-\mev Ah-Xm-c-ß-fps≠∂p ]d-bp-∂X
- ns\ Fßs\ kzoI-cn°mw
DØcw:-˛ thZm¿∞w Adn-bm-Ø-hcpw Hmtcm
k{º-Zm-b°
- m-cpsS he-bn¬ hogp-∂h
- cpw kzbw
Adn-hn-√m-Ø-hcpw A⁄m\ ]mi-Øn¬ IpSpßp-∂-hcpw Cßs\ A{]-am-Wn-I-amb Imcyßƒ ]d-bp-Ibpw AwKo-Ic
- n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
tNmZyw:-˛ Cuiz-c≥ Ah-X-cn-°p-∂n-s√¶n¬ Iwk≥ cmh-W≥ apX-emb ZpjvS-∑msc
Fßs\ kwl-cn°pw?
DØcw:-˛ H∂m-a-Xv, P\n-®n-´p-≈-h-sc√mw
\n›-b-ambpw acn-°m-Xn-cn-°-bn-√, F∂p-am-{Xa-√, icocw ssIs°m-≠v Ah-Xc
- n-°msX Xs∂
PK-Øns‚ krjvSnÿnXn-kw-lm-c-ßƒ \SØp∂ Cuiz-cs‚ apºn¬ Iwk≥, cmh-W≥
apX-em-b-h¿ Hcp Iran-tbmfw t]mep-an-√. Cuizc≥ k¿∆-hym-]n-bm-b-Xp-sIm≠p Iwk-cm-h-WmZn-I-fpsS ico-c-ß-fnepw IqSn \nd-™n-cn-°p-∂p.
C—n-°p∂ £W-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS amdp ]nf¿∂v
sIm∂p-If
- b
- p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. FÆ-a‰ KpW-I¿Ωkz-`m-h-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb Cuiz-c≥ Hcp £p{Z-P¥p-hns\ sIm√m≥ P\-\-a-c-W-ßƒ kzoI-cn°p∂p F∂p ]d-bp-∂-hs\ hnUvVn-tbm-S√msX a‰m-tcm-Sp-]-an-°m≥! `‡-P-\-ßsf D≤cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn-´mWv Ah-X-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v ]d™m¬ AXpw icn-b-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ Cuizcm⁄ A\p-k-cn-°p∂ `‡-P-\-ßsf D≤-cn°p-hm≥ Cuiz-c\v kma¿∞y-ap-≠.v `qan, kqcy≥,
N{µ≥,apX- e mb kI- e - t em- I - ß - f p- s Sbpw
krjvSn-ÿn-Xn-kw-lm-c-ß-tf-°mƒ Cuiz-c\v
Iwk-cm-h-Wm-Zn-IfpsS h[hpw tKmh¿≤-\-]v∆-Øns‚ D≤m-c-Whpw al-Ø-c-ß-fmb I¿Ω-ßfmtWm? C°m-Wp∂ krjv-Sn-bn¬ Cuiz-c≥
sNøp∂ I¿a-ß-sf-∏‰n Nn¥n-°p∂ B¿°pw
137
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c≥ thZw
Cuiz-c\p Xpey-\mbn Bcpw D≠m-bn-ń-s√∂pw
D≠m-hp-I-bn-s√∂pw a\- n-em-°mw. IqSmsX
Cuiz-c≥ P∑s-a-Sp-°p∂p F∂Xv bp‡n-k-lhp-a-√. AXn-cn-√mØ Cu BImiw K¿`-Øn¬
AS-ßn-sbt∂m Ic-X-e-Øn¬ HXp-ßn-sbt∂m
Bcm\pw ]d-™m¬ AXp t\cm-hn-√. BImiw
AXn-c-‰-Xm-Wv. Fßpw \nd-™-Xm-Wv. AXv
AI-tØ°p hcn-Itbm ]pd-tØ°p t]mIpItbm sNøp-I-bn-√. AXp-t]mse Cuiz-c≥
A\-¥\pw k¿h-hym-]n-bp-am-Ib
- m¬ Fhn-sS-sb¶nepw Ib-dp-Itbm Cd-ßp-Itbm sNøp∂
{]iv\-ta-bn-√. Hcp hkvXp FhnsS C√tbm
AhnsS am{Xta t]m°p-h-chp \S-°q. Cuizc≥ Fhn-sS-\nt∂m hs∂∂p ]d-bp-hm≥, K¿`Øn¬ hym]n-®n-cp-∂n-s√t∂m? ]pdØv D≠m-bncp-∂nt√? D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ ]ns∂ Fßs\-bmWp \n¿K-an®p F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv? Adnhn-√m-Ø-hc√m-sX a‰m-cmWv Cuiz-c-s\∏-‰n
Cßs\ ]d-bp-Ibpw hnNm-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI?
Cuiz-c≥ hcn-Itbm t]mhp-Itbm P\n-°pItbm acn-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂n-√. tbip apXem-b-hcpw Cuiz-cs‚ Ah-Xm-c-a-s√∂p a\- nem-°n-s°m-≈p-I. Fs¥-∂m¬, cmK-tZz-j-ßƒ
hni∏pw Zml-hpw, `b-tim-I-ßƒ kpJ-Zpx-Jßƒ P\-\-a-c-W-ßƒ apX-em-bh D≠m-bn-cp∂
Ah¿ a\p-jy¿ Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ Cuiz-c≥ Xs‚ `‡-∑m-cpsS
]m]w £an-°ptam C√tbm?
DØcw:˛ C√. Fs¥-∂m¬ ]m]-ßsf £an°p-∂-]£w Cuiz-cs‚ \ymbw \jvS-s∏-Spw.
a\p-jy-sc-√m-hcpw henb ]m]n-I-fm-Ipw. £an°p-sa-∂-dn-™m¬ a\p-jy¿°v ]m]w sNøp-∂Xn¬ `b-an-√m-bvabpw D’m-lhpw h¿≤n-°pw.
cmPmhp Ip‰w sNbvX-h¿°p am∏p sImSp-°ptºmƒ Ah¿ hen-b-h-enb Ip‰-ßƒ D’m-l]q¿∆w sNøp-∂p. cmPmhp Xs‚ A]-cm-[ß
- sf
£an-°p-sa∂pw sXmgptXm Imep-]n-Snt®m c£s∏-´p-sIm-≈m-sa∂pw Ah¿ Xocp-am-\n-°pw.
Ip‰w sNøm-Ø-hcpw IqSn Ip‰w sNøp-∂-Xn¬
`b-an-√m-Ø-h-cmbn ]m]w sNbvXp XpS-ßpw.
AXn-\m¬ k¿h-I¿a-ßƒ°pw AXm-Xns‚
êw bYm-bp‡w sImSp-°p-I-X-s∂-bmWv
Cuiz-cs‚ I¿Ø-hyw. am∏p sImSp-°p-I-b-√.
tNmZyw:˛ Pohm-flmhv kzX-{¥t\m ]c-X{¥t\m?
DØcw:˛ Ah-\h
- s‚ I¿Ø-hy-I¿Ω-ßf
- n¬
kzX-{¥\pw Cuiz-cs‚ hyh-ÿ-bn¬ ]c-X{¥\pw BIp- ∂ p. ""kzX{¥x I¿Øm'' 11
F∂Xp ]mWn-\n-bpsS hymI-c-W-kq-{X-amWv.
GsXm-cp-h≥ kzX-{¥≥-˛k
- zm-[o-\≥-˛B
- b
- n-cn-°p∂pthm Ah-\mWp I¿Øm-hv.
tNmZyw:˛ BcmWv kzX-{¥≥?
DØcw:˛ ico-cw, {]mW≥, C{µn-b-ßƒ,
A¥x-Ic
- Ww apX-em-bh
- s
- b√mw BcpsS kzm[o\-Øn-emtWm Abm-fmWv kzX-{¥≥. Pohmflmhv kzX-{¥-\-s√-¶n¬ ]m]-]p-Wy-ß-fpsS
êw Hcn-°epw In´p-I-bn-√. `rXy≥ bP-am-\s‚bpw ]S- b m- f n- I ƒ ]S- \ m- b - I - s ‚bpw
B⁄tbm t{]c-Wtbm A\p-k-cn®v bp≤Øn¬ F{X-t]sc sIm∂mepw A]-cm-[n-I-fmIp-∂n-√. AXp-t]m-se, Pohm-flmhp ]c-ta-izcs‚ t{]cW- s Im- t ≠m A[o- \ - X - s Imt≠m
I¿aw sNøp-∂-Xm-bm¬ Pohm-flm-hn\p ]m]-]pWy-ß-fpsS êw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. B êØns‚ Ah-Imin t{]c-I-\mb Cuiz-c-\m-bncn-°pw. kz¿K-\-c-I-ßƒ, AXm-b-Xv, kpJ-Zpx-Jßƒ In´p-∂Xpw Cuiz-c\p Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw.
Bsc- ¶ nepw Bbp[w sIm≠v Hcp- Ø s\
sIm∂p-I-f-™m¬ sIme sNbvX-h-s\-bmWv
]nSn-°p-∂Xpw in£n-°p-∂-Xpw. Bbp-[-sØ-b√. AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ ]c-X-{¥-\mb Pohm-flmhn\p ]pWy-]m-]-ß-fpsS êw In´p-hm≥ Xcan-√. AXn-\m¬ Ah-\-hs‚ i‡n-sIm≠p \SØp∂ I¿a-ß-fn¬ Pohm-flmhp kzX-{¥-\m-Ip∂p. F∂m¬ Pohm-flmhp ]m]w sNbvXm¬
Cuiz- c s‚
hyh- ÿ bv°p
Iog- S ßn
]m]Øns‚ êw A\p-`-hn-°pw. AXn-\m¬
I¿Ωw sNøp-∂-Xn¬ Pohm-flmhp kzX-{¥\pw
ZpxJ-cq-]-amb ]m]-êw A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xn¬
]c-X-{¥\pw BIp-∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ Cuiz-c≥ ]c-am-flm-hns\ krjvSn-°p-Ibpw Pohm-flm-hn\p i‡n-\e
- vIp-Ibpw
sNbvXn-ń-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Pohm-flm-hn\p
bmsXmcp I¿ahpw sNøp-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn√m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Cuiz-c-t{]-c-Wbmet{X Pohm-flmhp I¿a-ßƒ sNøp-∂Xv!
DØcw:˛ Pohm-flmhv Hcn-°epw P\n-®n-´p-≈X-√. PK-Øns‚ D]-Zm-\I
- m-cW
- a
- mb {]Ir-Xnbpw
11 AjvSm-[ymbn 1.4.54
138
Ggmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
\nan-Ø-Im-c-W-amb Cuiz-c\pw GXp hn[Øn¬ A\m-Zn-bmtWm AtX hn[-Øn¬ Pohmflmhpw A\m-Zn-bm-Wv. Pohm-flm-hns‚ ico-chpw
C{µn- b - ß fpw Cuiz- c ≥ krjv S n- ® - X m- W v .
F¶nepw Ah-sb√mw Pohm-flm-hns‚ A[o-\Øn-em-Wv. a\-kv, hm°v, I¿aw F∂nh aptJ\
Pohm- fl mhv ]pWy- ] m- ] - ß ƒ sNbv X m¬
AXns‚ êw Pohm-flm-hm-Wv, ]c-am-flm-h√
A\p-`-hn-°p-∂Xv. Hcp--Zm-l-cWw ]d-bmw. Hcp
sXmgn-emfn ae-bn¬ \n∂v Ccp-º-bncv Ipgn-s®Sp-Øp. Hcp I®-h-S-°m-c≥ AXp hnebv°p
hmßn, Ahn-sS-\n∂v AXp hmßn sIm√≥
hmƒ Xo¿Øp. sIm√s‚ ]°¬ \n∂v B hmƒ
Hcp tbm≤mhp hmßn. AXp-sIm-≠v Ah≥ HcpØs\ shń-s°m-∂p. ChnsS \ymbm-[n-]≥
Ccpºp Ipgn- s ®- S p- Ø - h t\- t bm, hnebv ° p
hmßn- b - h t\- t bm, hmfp- ≠ m- ° n- b - h - t \tbm
As√-¶n¬ hmfn-s\tbm ]nSn®p in£n-°p-∂n√. hmfp-sIm≠p shń-s°m-∂-h-\mWv in£
In´p-∂Xv. AXp-t]m-se, ico-cm-Zn-Isf \n¿Ωn®
Cuiz-c≥ Ah-sIm-≠p sNøp∂ I¿a-ß-fpsS
êw A\p- ` - h n- ° p- ∂ n√; Pohm- fl m- h n- s \s°m≠v A\p-`-hn-∏n-°p-I-bmWp sNøp-∂-Xv.
Cuiz-c-\mWv I¿a-ßƒ sNøp-∂-sX-¶n¬ Hcp
Pohm-flmhpw ]m]w sNøp-Ib
- n-√. Cuiz-c≥ ]cnip-≤\pw [m¿an-I-\p-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v GsXmcp
Pohm-flm-hn-s\bpw ]m]w sNøp-hm≥ t{]cn-∏n°p-I-bn-√. AXn-\m¬ Pohm-flmhp kzI¿aw
sNøp- ∂ - X n¬ kzX- { ¥- \ m- W v . Pohm- fl mhp
kzI¿am- \ p- j v T m- \ - Ø n¬ kzX- { ¥- \ m- b - X pt]mse Xs∂ ]c-am-flmhpw kzI¿a-ßƒ \SØp-∂-Xn¬ kzX-{¥-\m-Ip-∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ Pohm- fl m- h n- s ‚bpw Cuiz- c s‚bpw kzcq-]hpw KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ßfpw
Gh?
DØcw:˛ Pohm-flmhpw Cuiz-c\pw tNX-\mkz-cq-]-cm-Ip-∂p. Pohm-flm-hn-s‚bpw Cuiz-cs‚bpw kz`mhw ]cn-ip-≤hpw \mi-c-ln-Xhpw
[m¿an-IXzw XpS-ßnb KpW-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xpam-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬ krjvSn-bpsS DXv]-Øn-ÿnXn-{]-f-b-ßƒ \n¿∆-ln-°p-I, F√m-h-scbpw
\nb-am-\p-k-cWw \S-Øp-I. Pohm-flm-°ƒ°p
]pWy-]m-]ß
- f
- psS êw sImSp-°p-I, apX-emb
[¿am-\p-krX I¿a-ßƒ Cuiz-c-t‚-Xpw, k¥m\-ßsf DXv]m-Zn-∏n®p t]m‰n-h-f¿Øp-I, inev]-
hn-Zy-Iƒ \S-ØpI apX-em-bXpw \∑-Xn-∑-I-fnS-Ie¿∂-Xp-amb I¿a-ßƒ Pohm-flm-°-fp-tS-XmWv. \nXy-amb ⁄m\w, B\-µw, Afh‰ _ew
apX-emb KpW-ßƒ Cuiz-c-\p-≈-Xm-Wv. Pohmflm-hn-\v:-˛.
C—m-tZz-j-{]-b-Xv\-kp-J-Zpx-J-⁄m-\m-\ymflt\m enwK-anXn (\ym-bw) 12
{]mWm- ] m- \ - \ n- t a- t jm- t ∑- j - a - t \m- K - X o{µnbm¥cvhn-Imcmx kpJ-Zpx-tJ—m tZzju
{]bXv\m›mfl-t\m enwKm\n (ssh-ti) 13
(C—m) ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ In´p-hm-\p≈ B{Klw, (tZz-j) ZpxJm-Zn-If
- n-ep≈ A\njvSw As√¶n¬ shdp∏v ({]-bX
- v\) ]pcp-j{- ]-bXv\w _ew
F∂nh (kp-J) B\µw (Zpx-J) hyk\w As√¶n¬ kt¥mj-an-√m-bva, (⁄m-\) hnth-Iw,
({]m-W) {]mW-hm-bp-hns\ ]pd-tØ°p X≈n°-f-bp-I 14 (A-]m-\) {]mW-hm-bp-hns\ D≈nte°p hen-s®-Sp-°pI (\n-ta-j) IÆp-I-f-Sbv°pI (D-t∑-j) IÆp-Iƒ Xpd-°pI (a-\x)
\n›-bn-°p-I, kvacn-°p-I, A`n-am-\n-°pI (KXn) Kan-°p-I, (C-{µn-b) F√m C{µn-bß
- s
- fbpw
{]h¿Øn- ∏ n- ° pI (A- ¥ cv - h n- I m- c ) hni- ∏ v ,
Zmlw, kt¥m-jw, k¶Sw apX-emb hnhn[
hnIm-c-ß-fp-≠m-hp-I, Ch-sb√mw Pohm-flmhns‚ KpW-ß-fm-Wv. Cu KpW-ßƒ ]c-am-flmhns‚ KpW-ß-fn¬ \n∂p `n∂-a-t{X. Cu KpWß-sf-s°m-≠p-thWw Pohm-flm-hns‚ KpWßsf Adn-tb-≠-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬ Pohm-flmhp
ÿqe-a-√. Pohm-flmhp ico-c-Øn¬ ÿnXn-sNøp-tºmƒ am{Xta Cu KpW-ßƒ {]Im-in-°q.
Pohm-flmhp icocw hn´p-t]m--Ip-tºmƒ Cu KpWßƒ ico-c-Øn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. GsXmcp
hkvXp D≠m-Ip-tºmƒ KpW-ßƒ D≠m-hpIbpw \in-°p-tºmƒ KpW-ßƒ C√m-Xm-hpIbpw sNøp-∂pthm B KpW-ßƒ B hkvXphn-t‚-Xm-Wv. hnft°m kqcyt\m D≈ ka-bØp
{]Imiw D≠m-hp-Ibpw Ah c≠pw C√m-Øt∏mƒ {]Imiw C√m-Xm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂X
- mWv
139
12 \ymb-Z¿i\w 1.1.10
13 sshti-jnIw 3.2.4
14 {]mWm-]m-\-ß-sf-∏‰n {KŸ-I¿Øm-hns‚ A`n-{]mb-amWv {]mNo-\w. ssa{Xm-bWo Bc-Wy-I-Øn¬ (2.6)
tbmfb aqcv[zm-am{Im aytXyj hmh kx {]mWx
AYtbmfb AhmMv kw{Im-a-tXyj hmhtkmf]m\
F∂p-]-d-bp-∂p.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c≥ thZw
CXn- \ p- Z m- l - c - W w. C{]- I mcw Pohm- fl m- h ns‚bpw ]c-am-flm-hn-s‚bpw ⁄m\w D≠m-Ip∂Xv AXn-\p≈ KpW-ß-sf-s°m-≠m-Ip-∂p.
Cu-iz-cs‚ {XnIm-e-⁄m-\w
tNmZyw:˛ Cuiz-c≥ {XnIm-e-⁄m-\-ap-≈Xp-sIm-≠v `mhn-Im-cy-ßfpw IqSn Adn-bp-∂p.
At±lw Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂X
- \
- p-kc
- n-®mWv Pohmflmhp {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬ Poh≥
kzX-{¥-\√; Cuiz-c≥ Pohs\ in£n-°p∂Xv DNn-X-hp-a-√. Cuiz-cs‚ CwKn-X-a-\p-kcn-®mWv Poh≥ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv.
DØcw:˛ Cuiz- c ≥ {XnIm- e - ⁄ m- \ n- b msW∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv hnUvVn-Ø-am-Wv. D≠m-bn´v, C√m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-XmWv `qX-Im-ew. D≠m-bn-ń√m-ØXpw D≠m-Im-hp-∂-Xp-amWv `mhn-Im-ew.
apºv D≠m-bn-´p-≈Xpw Ct∏mƒ C√m-Ø-Xp-amb
Hcp ⁄m\w Cuiz-c-\pt≠m? AXp-t]mse
Xs∂ apºv D≠m-Im-ØXpw taen¬ D≠m-Imhp- ∂ - X p- a mb ⁄m\hpw Cuiz- c - \ pt≠m?
⁄m\w F√m-bvt]mgpw Hcp-t]m-se-bp-≈Xpw
AJ-WvU-am-bn-˛-C-S-hn-Sm-sX˛ \ne-\n-ev°p-∂-Xpam-Wv. `qXw `mhn F∂p≈ t`Zw Pohm-flm°ƒ°p-≈-Xm-Wv. Pohm-flm-°-fpsS I¿asØ
At]-£n-®p≈ {XnIm-e-⁄m\w Cuiz-c-\ps≠-∂p-≈Xp icn Xs∂. F∂m¬ AXp-kzXx-kn-≤-a-√. kzmX-{¥y-ap-≈-Xp-sIm≠v Pohmflmhv GXp-hn-[-Øn¬ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂pthm
AtX-hn-[-Øn¬ k¿h-⁄-Xz-ap-≈-Xp-sIm≠v
Cuiz-c≥ Adn-bp-∂p. Cuiz-c≥ Fßs\ Adnbp-∂pthm AtX hn[-Øn¬ Poh≥ {]h¿Øn°p-∂p. `qX-`-hn-jy-Zz¿Ø-am-\-ßsf Adn-bp-∂Xnepw I¿a-êw sImSp-°p-∂-Xnepw Cuiz-c≥
kzX-{¥-\m-Ip-∂p. Cuiz-cs‚ ⁄m\w A\mZn- b m- b - X p- s Im≠p I¿asØ kw_- ‘ n®
⁄m\-sa-∂-Xp-t]mse Xs∂ ZWvU-Zm-\sØ
kw_-‘n® PvRm\hpw A\m-Zn-bm-Ip-∂p. c≠p
⁄m\- ß fpw Cuiz- c \p kXy- a m- W v . I¿a⁄m\w kXy-am-sW∂pw ZWvU⁄
m\w anYybm-sW∂pw Fßs\ hcpw? AXn-\m¬ CXn¬
tZmj-an-√.
Po-h\pw Cuiz-c-\pw
tNmZyw:˛ Pohm-flmhv hn`pthm (k¿h-hym]n-tbm) Hmtcm ico-c-Ønepw sht∆-sdtbm?
DØcw:˛ hn`p-hm-sW-¶n¬ Pm{K-Øv, kz]v\w,
kpjp]vXn F∂o Ah-ÿI
- ƒ P\-\a
- c
- W
- ß
- ƒ
kwtbm-Khn-tbm-K-ßƒ KXm-K-X-ßƒ F∂nh
Hcn-°epw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. AXn-\m¬ Pohs‚
kzcq-]w, Aev]P
-- vRXzw, Aev]X
- zw, kq£vaXzw
F∂o [¿a-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-Wv. Cuiz-c≥
kq£va-ß-fn¬ kq£vahpw A\-¥-\pw, k¿h⁄-\pw, k¿h-hym-]n-bp-am-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠t{X
Poth-iz-c∑
- m¿°p XΩn-ep≈ _‘w hym]y-hym]-I-`m-h-am-sW∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
tNmZyw:˛ Hcp hkvXp D≈n-SØv as‰m-∂n\v
Ccn-°m-\m-hn-√. AXn-\m¬ Pothiz-c∑
- m¿°p
XΩn¬ kwtbm-K-kw-_-‘ta D≠m-hm≥ Xcap≈q. hym]y-hym-]-I-`m-h-kw-_‘w D≠mhm≥ Xc-an-√.
DØcw:˛ kam-\-amb BIr-Xn-tbmSp IqSnb
]Zm¿∞-ßƒ°p XΩnte Cu \nbaw _m[-Iam-hq. Ak-am-\m-Ir-Xn-If
- n¬ _m[-Ia
- √
- . Ccpºp
ÿqehpw A·n kq£va-hp-am-Ip-∂p. AXp
\nanØw sshZyp-X-amb A·n Ccp-ºn¬ hym]n®n-cn-°pIpw c≠pw Hcn-S-Øp-Xs∂ h¿Øn-°pIbpw sNøp-∂p. AXp-t]mse Poh≥ Cuiz-ct\-°mƒ ÿqehpw Cuiz-c≥ Poh-t\-°mƒ
kq£vah
- p-am-bX
- p-sIm-≠v Cuiz-c≥ hym]-I\pw
Poh≥ hym]y-hp-am-Ip-∂p. Poth-iz-c-∑m¿°p
XΩn¬ hym]y-hym-]I _‘-sa-∂-Xp-t]m-seXs∂ tkhy-tk-h-I-`m-hw, B[m-cm-t[-b-`mhw
bP-am\`rXy-`mhw, cmP-{]-Pm-`m-hw, ]nXm-]p-{X`mhw apX-emb _‘-ß-fpw D-≠v.
tNmZyw:˛ Pohm-fl-]-c-am-flm-°ƒ `n∂-ßfm-sW-¶n¬-˛-th-Zßfnep≈ Cu alm-hm-Iyßƒ°v F¥¿Y-amWv?
1. {]⁄m-\w -{_“ 2. Alw {_“mkvan
3. XØz-akn 4. Ab-amflm {_“
DØcw:˛ C∏- d - ™ h thZ- h m- I y- ß - f √
Xs∂. {_m“-W-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn-ep≈ hN-\-ß-fmWn-h. Ch-Iƒ°p alm-hm-Iy-sa-∂p-t]¿ kXyim-kv{Xßfn-sem-cn-SØpw ]d-™p-Im-Wp-∂n-√.
Ch-bpsS A¿Yw C{]-Im-c-am-Ip∂p:˛ (A-lw)
Rm≥ ({_-“) {_“-Øn-¶¬ ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂h≥ (A-kvan) BIp-∂p. ChnsS a©mx t{Im
i¥n F∂ hmIy-Øn-se-t∏mse Xm¬tÿm]m[n BIp-∂p. a©-ßƒ-˛-Im-h¬∏p-c-Iƒ˛
i_v Z n- ° p- I - b n- √ . a©- ß ƒ°v Poh- \ n- √ .
Ahbv°p \ne-hn-fn-°p-hm≥ Ign-hp-an-√. AXn-
140
Ggmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
\m¬ a©Øn-ep≈ a\p-jy¿ \ne-hn-fn-°p∂p
F∂¿Yam-Wv. CXp-t]mse {]kvXp-X-hm-IyØnepw a\- n- e m- ° n- s °m- ≈ p- I . kIe
]Zm¿∞-ßfpw {_“-Øn-emWp ÿnXn sNøp∂Xv. At∏mƒ Pohm-flm-hns\ {_“-ÿ-amsW∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xn¬ F¥mWp hnti-jX?
F∂p tNmZn-®m¬ adp-]Sn CXmWv:˛ ka-kvXh- k v X p- ° fpw {_“- ÿ - ß ƒ Xs∂- b m- W v .
F∂m¬ Poh\v GXp hn[-Øn¬ {_“-Øns‚
km[¿ayhpw kmao-]yhpw Dt≠m AtX hn[Øn¬ as‰m-∂n-\p-an√ IqSmsX Pohm-flm-hn\v
{_“-⁄m\w D≠m-Ip-∂p. tam£w {]m]n-°ptºmƒ Pohm- fl m- h n\p {_“- t Øm- S p- I qSn
km£m¬ kw_‘w D≠m-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
At∏mƒ Poh\v {_“-Øns‚ X¬tÿym-]m[n
As√-¶n¬ X’-l-N-cn-tXm-]m[n D≠v. 15
Poh≥ {_“-Øn¬ ÿnXn sNøp∂p As√¶n¬ {_“- Ø ns‚ kl- I mcn BIp∂p
F∂¿Yw. AXn-\m¬ Poh\pw {_“hpw H∂√. Rm\pw Ch\pw H∂m-Wv. F∂v Bsc-¶nepw
]d-bp-∂-Xm-bm¬ AXn\p Rßƒ°p XΩn¬
hntcm-[-an√ F∂¿Y-am-Wv. AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂
kam-[n-bn-en-cn-°p∂ Pohm-flmhv ]c-ta-iz-c\n-ep≈ t{]a-Øn¬ \na-·-\m-bn-cn-°p∂ kabØv Rm\pw {_“hpw H∂mWv AXm-bXv
Ahn-tcm-[n-Ifpw Htc ÿeØv ÿnXn-sN-øp∂-hcpw BIp-∂p. F∂p ]d-bmw. Cuiz-cs‚
KpW-I¿a-kz-`mh-ßsf A\p-k-cn®v Xs‚
KpW- I ¿a- k z- ` m- h - ß sf kwkv I - c n- ° p∂
Pohm-flm-hn\v am{Xta km[¿ayw \nanØw
{_“-tØmSv sFIy-ap-≈-Xmbn ]d-bp-hm≥
]mSp-f-fq.
X-Øz-a-kn
tNmZyw:˛ icn. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ (X-Xv)
{_“w (Xzw) Pohm-flm-hmb \o (A-kn)
BIp∂p; ""Pohm! \o B {_“-am-Ip-∂p.''
F∂¿∞-amb ""XXv Xzakn'' F∂ hmIyØn\v F¥¿∞-amWv?
DØcw:˛ ""XXv '' F∂ i_v Z w- s Im≠p
\nßƒ F¥ns\ {Kln-°p∂p?
15. \ymb-Z¿i\w 2.2 61-˛¬ CXns‚ hni-Zo-I-c-W-ap-≠v.
hSn-sIm≠p \S-°p-∂-bm-fns\ "hSn' F∂p ]d-bm-dp≠v. hSn-°m-c-\v, hSn XXvk-l-Nm-cn-bm-b-Xn-\m¬ "hSn'
F∂p-t]-cp-h-cmw. CXv XXvk-l-N-cn-tXm-]m-[n-bm-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ {_“sØ {Kln-°p-∂p.
DØcw:˛ {_“- ] - Z - Ø ns‚ A\p- h rØn
Fhn-Sp∂p Inń?
tNmZyw:˛ ktZ-h-tkm-tay-Z-a{K BkotZItahmZznXobw {_“ F∂ ]q¿h-hm-Iy-Øn¬
\n∂v.
DØcw:˛ \nßƒ Cu Omtµm-tKym-]\
- n-jØv
I≠n- ´ p- I q- S n- b n- √ - t √m. AXp t\m°n- b m¬
AhnsS {_“-sa∂ ]Zta Cs√∂p ImWmw.
shdp-tX-sb-¥n\p s]mfn-]-d-bp∂p? Omtµm-KyØn-em-Is´ ktZh tkmtay-Z-a{K Bko tZIta- h m- Z zn- X o- b av 16 F∂mWp ]mT- a p- ≈ - X v .
AhnsS {_“-i_vZw Xs∂ C√.
tNmZyw:˛ F∂m¬ XXv F∂-Xp-sIm≠p
Xm¶ƒ {Kln-°p-∂-sX-¥mWv?
DØcw:˛ k b Gtjm-Wn-am. sFX-Zm-flyanZMv kcvhw X’XyMv k Bflm- X-Øzakn tizX tItXm CXn 17 {]nb-]p-{X-\mb
tizX-tItXm Bcv AXy¥ kq£va-kz-cq-]\pw
C°m-Wp-∂-k-I-e-tem-I-Øn-s‚bpw Pohm-flmhn-s‚bpw IqSn Bflmhpw BtWm Ah-\t{X
Adn-bp-hm≥ tbmKy≥. Ah-\mWp kXy-kz-cq]≥. Ah≥ kzb-tah kzmflm-hn-s‚bpw Bflmhm-bn-cn-°p-∂-h-\m-Wv.
XZm-fl-I-kvX-Z-¥-cymao Xza-kn. ""A¥-cyman-bmb B ]c-am-flm-hn-t\mSp IqSn-t®¿∂-h\mWv \o''. a‰p-]-\n-j-Øp-I-tfmSpw tbmPn®
A¿Yw CXp Xs∂.
b Bfl\n Xnjv T - ∂ m- fl t\mf¥tcm- b amflm \ thZ bkymflm ico-cav; Bflt\m
f¥tcm ba-bXn k X Bflm-¥-cym-ay-arXx.
_rl-Zm-c-Wy-tIm-]-\n-j-Øn-ep≈ 18 hN\-am-Wn-Xv. bm⁄-h¬Iy-a-l¿jn Xs‚ ]Xv\nbmb ssat{X-bn-tbmSp ]d-bp∂p:˛ ssat{Xbo!
GsXmcp Cuiz- c ≥ Pohm- fl mhn¬ ÿnXn
sNøp-∂-h-s\-¶nepw Pohm-flm-hn¬ \n∂p `n∂\mtWm B ]c-am-flmhv F∂n¬ Fßpw hym]n®n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂n-ßs\ GsXm-∂ns\ aqV\mb Pohm-flm-h-dn-bp-∂n-√-tbm, GsXmcp ]cam-flm-hn\v Pohm-flmhv ico-ca
- m-bn-Øo-cp-∂p-thm˛-ù-Xn-I-i-co-c-Øn¬ Pohm-flmhp IpSn-sIm-≈p16. OmtµmKy D]-\n-jØv 6.2.1
17. OmtµmKy D]-\n-jØv 6.8.7
18. _r.-D. 14.6.7.32 (am-[y-µn-\-]m-Tw)
141
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c≥ thZw
∂-Xp-t]mse Pohm-flm-hn¬ GsXm∂p hym]n®n-cn-°p∂pthm˛ GsXm∂v Pohm-flm-°-fn¬
\n∂p `n∂hpw Pohm-flm-°ƒ sNøp∂ ]m]]p-Wy-ßf
- psS km£n-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p- s
- Im-≠v AhbpsS êsØ sImSpØv Ahsc \nb-a-Øn\p
Iog-S°n \n¿Øp-∂p-thm, \mi-an-√mØbcq-]tØmSp IqSn. B Bflmhp Xs∂- b mWv
\ns‚bpw A¥-cym-an-bmbn D≈n-seßpw \nd™-h-\mbn Ccn-°p-∂-Xv. B Bflm-hns\ \o
Adn-™m-epw. C{]-Im-c-ap≈ hN-\-ßƒ°p
thsd h√ A¿∞hpw Iev]n-°p-hm≥ B¿s°¶nepw Ign-bptam? kam-[n-Z-i-bn¬ tbmKn°v
]c- a m- fl m- h ns‚ km£mXv ° mcw D≠m- I ptºmƒ B tbmKn ""Ab-am-flm-{_“ F∂n-¬
hym]n- ® n- c n- ° p∂ Cu {_“w Xs∂- b mWv
Fßpw \nd-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂n-ßs\ ]d™p-t]m-Ip-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Poh\pw {_“hpw
H∂m-sW∂p ]d-bp∂ C°m-esØ thZm-¥nIƒ°v thZ{¥-imkv{Xw Adn-bp-I-bn√ Xs∂.
tNmZyw:˛ At\\ Bfl\m Poth-\m\p
{]hniy \ma-cqt] hymI-c-hmWn (Om {]. 6
J. 3 aw, 2) X’r-jvSzm XtZ-hm\p {]mhn-iXv
(ssX-Øncob {_“m-\µ A\p. 6.) Cuizc≥ ]d-bp-Ib
- mWv:˛ Rm≥ PK-Ønt\bpw icoc-tØbpw krjvSn®v PK-Øn¬ k¿h-hym-]nbm-bn´pw ico-c-Øn¬ Poh-\m-bn´pw {]th-in®p-sIm≠v \ma-cq-]-ßsf hymJym-\n-°p-∂p.
""Cuiz- c ≥ PK- Ø n- t \bpw ico- c - t Øbpw
\n¿Ωn-®v, AXn¬ kzbw {]th-in-®h
- \
- m-bn´v''
F∂p XpS- ß n- b p≈ {ipXn- h - N - \ - ß - f psS
A¿∞w am‰n as‰m-∂m-°p-hm≥ \nßƒ°v
Fßs\ km[n°pw?
DØcw:˛ \nßƒ°p ]Zhpw ]Zm¿Yhpw
hmIym¿Yhpw Adn-bm-sa-¶n¬ Cß-s\-bp≈
A¿∞w ]dbpI-bn-√. Fs¥-∂m¬, ChnsS
H∂p {]th-ihpw at‰Xv A\p-{]-th-i-hpw-˛-AXm-bXv ]n∂oSv {]th-in-°¬˛BsW-∂t{X ]dbp-∂-Xv. Cuiz-c≥ ico-c-Øn¬ {]th-in-®n-´p≈
Pohm-flm-hn-t\m-Sp-IqSn A\p-{]-thiw sNbvXn´v, Pohm-flm-hn\p Xpey-\mtWm F∂p tXm∂Ø-°-hÆw ÿnX-\mbn thZw hgn \ma-cq-]mZn-If
- mb kIe hnZy-It- fbpw {]Im-in-∏n-°p-∂p.
ico-c-Øn¬ Pohs\ {]th-in-∏n-®v, Pohs‚
A¥¿`m-K-Øn¬ Xm≥ A\p-{]-thiw sNbvXv
Ccn- ° p∂p F∂¿Yw. A\p i_v Z - Ø ns‚
A¿Yw Adn-bp-∂-h¿ A{]-Imcw hn]-co-X-amb
A¿Yw Hcn-°epw ]d-bp-I-bn-√.
tNmZyw:˛ ""tkmbw tZh-ZtØm b DjvWImte Imiymw ZrjvSx k CZm\ow {]mhr-Svkatb aYp-cmbmw ZriytX'' th\-¬°m-e-Øp
Imin-bn¬ h®v GsXmcp tZh-ZØ
- s
- \-bmtWm
Rm≥ I≠Xv B tZh-Z-Ø-s\-Øs∂ ag-°meØp aYp- c - b n¬h®p Rm≥ ImWp- ∂ p.
ChnsS Imin th\¬ F∂o tZi-Im-e-ß-sf,
]cn-Xy-Pn®v ico-c-sa∂ e£ysØ e£-Wam°n tZh-ZØ
- s\ {Kln-°p-∂p. AXp-t]mse
Cu `mK-Xym-K-e-£Ww sIm≠v Cuiz-cs‚
]tcm-£-tZ-i-Im-e-ßƒ amb F∂o D]m-[nI-tfbpw Pohs‚ {]Xy£ tZi-Im-e-ßƒ
AhnZy Aev]⁄Xzw F∂o D]m-[n-I-tfbw
XyPn®v tNX-\m-am-{XsØ e£y-am°n {_“am-Ip∂ Htc hkvXp-Xs∂ Poh≥ Cuiz-c≥
F∂o c≠n-epw, e£Ww sIm≠p {Kln°p∂ Nne Awi-ßsf {Kln-°p-Ibpw Nne
Awi-ßsf XyPn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Cu `mKXym-K-e-£-W-Øm¬ k¿h-⁄-Xzm-Zn-I-fpsS
hmNym¿∞- a mb Cuiz- c - s \- b pw, Aev ] ⁄mXzm- Z n- I - f psS hmNym¿∞- a mb Poht\bpw ]cn-Xy-Pn®p tNX-\-am-{X-am-bn-cn-°p∂
e£ym¿∞sØ {Kln-®m¬ AssZzXw kn≤am-Ip-at- √m. \nßƒ°v C\n F¥p ]d-bp-hm≥
km[n°pw?
DØcw:˛ Poh\pw Cuiz-c\pw \nXy-sct∂m
A\n-Xy-sct∂m Icp-Xp-∂Xv?
19
tNmZyw:˛ c≠pw D]m- [ n- P - \ y- ß fpw
Iev]n-X-ß-fp-am-I-bm¬˛ A\n-Xy-ß-fm-Wv.
DØcw:˛ B D]m[n \nXytam A\n-Xytam?
tNmZyw:˛ Rß-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-Øn¬˛
1. Poth- i uN hnip- ≤ m- N n- Z zn- t `Zkv X p
XtbmcvZztbmx AhnZym X®n-tXmcvtømKx
jU-kvam-Ia \mZbx.
2. Imtcym-]m-[n-cbw Pohx Imc-tWm-]m[ncoizcx Imcy-Im-cWXmw lnXzm ]qcvÆt_m-t[m-hinjytX.
19. ]q¿h-]-£-Øns‚ DØ-c-amWv ChnsS tNmZy-am-b-Xv.
20. BZysØ t«mIw kn≤m¥ tei-kw-{Klw F∂
]pkvX-I-Ønse (A-Nyp-X-{K-Ÿ-am-e, Imin) 63-˛mw
t]Pn¬ Sn∏-Wn-bm-Wv. c≠m-at- ØXv A\p-`qXn {]Imiw
H∂mw A[ymbw 61-˛mw t«mIw.
142
Ggmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
kwt£-]-im-co-c-I-Ønepw imco-c-I-`m-jyØn-epap≈ Imcn-I-I-fm-Wn-h. 20 thZm-¥n-Ifmb Rßƒ°v Poh≥, Cuiz-c≥, {_“w,
Poth- i z- c - ∑ m¿ XΩn- e p≈ hnti- j - t `- Z w,
AhnZy (A-⁄m-\w) tNX-\-ßƒ XΩn-ep≈
tbmKw F∂o BsdÆw A\m- Z n- I - f m- W v .
F∂m¬ {_“w H∂p-am{Xw A\m-Znbpw A\¥-hp-am-Ip-∂p. a‰v A©pw {]m-K`mhw t]mse
A\m- Z n- I fpw km¥- ß fpw BIp- ∂ p.
A⁄m\w \ne-\n-ev°p-∂n-S-tØmfw Imew
am{Xta Cu A©p-ap-≈q. Cu A©n-t‚bpw
BZn Adn-b-s∏-Sm-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Chsb
A\m-Zn-Iƒ F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. ⁄m\w D≠mbm¬ ]ns∂ Ch \in-®p-t]m-Ip-∂p. AXn\m¬ Ch km¥- ß ƒ- ˛ - \ m- i - a p- ≈ - h ˛
BsW∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
DØcw:˛ \nß-fpsS Cu c≠p t«mI-ßfpw
Aip-≤-am-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬, Ahn-Zy-bpambn
_‘n-∏n-°msX Poh\pw amb-bpsS _‘-an√msX Cuiz-c\pw \nß-fpsS kn≤m-¥-Øn¬
kn≤n-°p-Ib
- n-√. AXn-\m¬. ""X—n-tXm-tcymKx''
F∂v Bdm-aXp ]d™ ]Zm¿Yw Xs∂ C√.
Fs¥- ∂ m¬ AhnZy amb F∂nh Poh≥
Cuiz-c≥ F∂n-h-bn¬ A¥¿`-hn-®-hbm-Wv.
AXp-t]mse {_“-Øn-t‚bpw amb AhnZy
F∂n-h-bp-sSbpw tbmKw IqSmsX Cuiz-c-kn≤n-bp-an-√. ]ns∂ Cuiz-cs\ Ahn-Zy, {_“w
F∂n-h-bn¬ \n∂p thdn´v ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂Xp
hy¿∞-am-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠v {_“w, AhnZy
F∂o c≠p ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ am{Xta \nß-fpsS
aX-Øn¬ kn≤n-°p-∂p-≈q. Bdp ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ
kn≤n-°p-∂n-√. AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂, A\-¥hpw
\nXy-ip-≤-_p-≤-ap-‡-kz-`m-hnbpw k¿h-hym-]nbp-amb {_“-Øn¬ A⁄m\w kn≤-am-b-Xn\p-ti-jta \nßƒ°p Imtcym-]m-[n-sIm≠pw
Imc-tWm-]m-[n-sIm≠pw Poth-iz-c-∑m¿ kn≤n°p-∂p-≈q. {_“-Øns‚ GI-tZ-iØ
- n¬ kzm{ib-ambpw kzhn-j-b-I-ambpw A⁄m\w A\mZn-bmbn Ds≠∂p h∂m¬ {_“w ip≤-am-bn-cn°p-I-bn-√. Hcn-S-Øp-am{Xw A⁄m\w D≈Xmbn hnNm-cn-°p∂ ]£w AXv ]cn-—n-∂-am-Ibm¬ Aßp-anßpw KXm-KXw sNbvXp-sIm-≠ncn-°pw. {_“-Øns‚ GXp-`m-KØv A⁄m\w
sN√p- ∂ pthm Ahn- S sØ {_“w A⁄m\nbpw Fhn-sS-\n∂v A⁄m\w hn´p-t]m-Ip-
∂pthm Ahn- s S- b p≈ {_“w ⁄m\nbpw
Bbn-cn-°pw. Aß-s\-bm-bm¬ Hcn-S-Øp≈
{_“-sØbpw A\m-Znbpw ip≤-hp-amb ⁄m\tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-sa∂p ]d-bp-hm≥ \nßƒ°p
km[n-°p-I-bn-√. IqSm-sX, A⁄m-\-Øns‚
AXn¿Øn-bn-ep≈ {_“w A⁄m-\-tØbpw
IqSn Adn-bp-∂-Xm-I-bm¬ A⁄m-\-Øns‚
AIØpw ]pdØpw D≈ {_“w c≠mbn apdnbpw. ""{_“w JWvU-am-bn-s°m-≈-s´. AXpsIm-≠v {_“-Øn\v F¥p lm\n hcm≥ F∂p
]d-bp-hm≥ hø'' Fs¥-∂m¬ Aß-s\-h∂m¬ {_“w AJ- W v U - a - √ m- X m- b n- Ø o- c pw.
AJ-WvU-am-sW-¶n¬ A⁄m-\n-bm-hm≥ Xcan-√. AXn-\p-]p-d-ta, ⁄m\m-`m-h-hpw-hn-]-co-X⁄m-\hpw KpW-ß-fm-b-Xp-sIm≠v A⁄m\w
GsX-¶nepw Hcp hkvXp-hn¬ \nXy-kw-_-‘tØm-Sp-Iq-Sntb Ccn-°q. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬
ka-hm-b-kw-_-‘-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v Hcn-°epw
AXv A\n- X y- a m- b n- c n- ° p- I - b n- √ , icosØßm\pw {hW-ap-≠m-bm¬ thZ\ Fßpw hym]n°p-∂-Xp-t]mse Hcn-SØv A⁄m-\hpw kpJZpx-J-ßfpw t¢i-ßfpw D≠m-Ip-tºmƒ {_“w
apgp-h\pw ZpxJm-Zn-I-f-\p-`-hn-°p-∂Xp Imc-Ww
Imtcym-]m-[n-bp-sS-˛-A-¥x-Ic-tWm-]m-[n-bp-sS-˛tbmKw \nanØw {_“sØ Poh-\mbn Icp-Xp∂p-sh-¶n¬ tNmZn-°-s´˛ ""{_“w hym]-Itam
]cn-—n- ∂
- tam?'' {_“w hym]-Ia
- m-Wv, F∂m¬
D]m[n ]cn-—n-∂w.˛H-cn-S-Øp-am-{X-ap-≈Xv˛
BIp∂p; Ah c≠pw `n∂-ß-fmWv; F∂p ]dbp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, A¥x-Im-cWw Nen-°p-Ibpw
k©-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂pthm?
DØcw ˛ k©-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.
tNmZyw:-˛ A¥x-I-c-W-tØm-Sp-IqSn {_“hpw
k©- c n- ° p- ∂ pt≠m? AtXm ÿnc- a mbncn°p∂pthm ?
DØcw:˛ ÿnc-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
tNmZyw :˛ Aßn-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬, A¥x-IcWw hn´p-t]m-Ip-∂n-S-Øp≈ {_“w A⁄m\-c-ln-X-am-Ibpw A¥x-Im-cWw {]m]n-°p-∂nS-ßfnse ip≤-{_“w B⁄m-\n-bm-hp-Ibpw
sNøpw. Cßs\ {_“w Hcp £W-Øn¬
⁄m\nbpw as‰mcp £WØn¬ A⁄m\nbpw Bbn-s°m-≠n-cn-°pw. AXp \nanØw
_‘-tam-£-ßfpw £Wn-I-ß-fmIpw. Hcp h≥
143
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c≥ thZw
I≠-Xns‚ kvacW as‰m-cp-h\v D≠m-Im-ØsXß-s\tbm AXpt]mse C∂se ImWp-Itbm
tIƒ°p-Itbm sNbvX hkvXp-hn-s‚tbm hnjb- Ø n- s ‚tbm ⁄m\w C∂v - D≠mImXn- c n°bpw sNøpw. Fs¥- ∂ m¬, Im- W p- I tbm
tIƒ°p-Itbm sNøp∂ tZi-Im-e-ßƒ H∂v;
kvacn-°p-∂ tZi-Im-e-ßƒ as‰m∂v F∂p hcpa-t√m. -{_“w H∂m-sW∂p ]d-bp-∂p-sh-¶n¬
AXv k¿h-⁄-a-√m-Ø-sX¥v ? A¥x-I-cWw
At\-I-am-sW∂pw AXp \nanØw {_“hpw
At\-I-am-sW-∂p-am-sW-¶n¬ A¥x-Im-cWw
PU-am-bXp sIm≠v AXn¬ ⁄m\w D≠mhm≥ ]mSn-s√-∂p-hcpw . " {_“vØn¬ am{Xam-bnt´m A¥x-I-cWØn¬ am{X-am-bnt´m
A√ ⁄m\w D≠m-Ip-∂Xv "" F∂p ]d-bp-Ibm-sW-¶nepw A¥x-I-cWw aptJ\ tNX-\bn¬ Xs∂-bmWp ⁄m\w D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. B
⁄m\w Aev]-hn-j-b-Ihpw ]cn-—n-∂hpw
BIp-∂-sX-ßns\? AXn-\m¬ {_“-Øn\p
Imc- t Wm- ] m- [ n- b psS kw_‘w IqSmsX
Cuiz- c - X zhpw Imtcym- ] m- [ n- b psS tN¿®
IqSmsX Pohn-X-Xzhpw Pohn-Xhpw D≠m-Ip-∂X-√. hmkvXhØn¬, Cuiz-c≥ {_“-Øns‚
]cymbw Xs∂- b m- W v . {_“- Ø n¬\n∂p
`n∂hpw A\m- Z nbpw A\p- X v]- ∂ hpw
AarXkzcq- ] - h p- a mb Bflm- h mWv Poh≥.
Poh≥ F∂Xp NnZm-`m-k-Øns‚ t]cm-sW∂p
\nßƒ ]d-bp-sa-¶n¬ AXpw icn-b-√. ImcWw, NnZm-`mkw £W-`w-Kp-c-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v
AXp \in-°p-tºmƒ tam£kpJw A\p-`-hn°p-∂X
- m-cv ? AXn-\m¬ {_“w Poht\m Poh≥
{_“tam Hcn-°epw Bbn-cp-∂n-ń√; BIp-∂n√,-B-hp-I-bp-an-√.
""AssZz-X-Øns‚ A¿Yhpw kn≤nbpw''
tNmZyw:˛ Aßns\bmsW-¶n¬ ""ktZh
tkmtay- Z - a - { K - B - k o- t Z- I - t a- h m- Z zn- X obw''
F∂p-≈-Om-tµm-Ky-h-N-\-Øn¬ AssZz-Xkn≤n Fßns\ D≠mIpw ? Rß-fpsS aXØn- e m- I - s ´, {_“- Ø n\p kPm- X o- b - t am,
hnPm-Xo-b-tam, kzK-Xtam Bb t`Z-sam∂pw
C√mbv-I-bm¬ {_“w GI-am-sW∂p kn≤n°pw, Poh≥ `n∂-am-sW∂p hcp-∂-]£w
AssZzXw kn≤n-°p-∂Xv Fßs\?
DØcw :˛ Cu {à-Pm-e-Øn¬s]´v F¥n\p
`b-s∏-Sp-∂p.? hnti-jy-hn-ti-j-W-hn-Zysb Adn-
bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, AXns‚ êw F¥m-sW∂p
{Kln-°mw. ""hymhcvØIw hnti-jWw `hXn''
t`Z-Im-cIamWv ˛˛ t`ZsØ ˛˛ Ipdn-°p-∂-XmWv
˛˛ hnti- j Ww F∂p ]d- b p- ∂ - X p- t ]mse
""{]h¿ØIw {]Im- i - I - a ]n hnti- j Ww
`hXn'' hnti-jWw, {]h¿Ø-Ihpw {]Im-ihpw
IqSn-bm-sW∂pw [cn-°p-I. AssZzXw F∂Xp
{_“-Øns‚ hnti-j-W-am-sW∂p a\- n-em°-Ww. Cu hnti-jWØn-ep≈ hymh¿Ø-I[¿aw CXp {_“sØ At\Iw Pohn-X-X-Øzß-fn¬\n∂p th¿Xn-cn®p ImWn-°p∂p F∂Xt{X. {_“w GI-am-sW∂p {]Z¿in-∏n-°p-IbmWv hnti- j - W - Ø ns‚ {]Im- i - [ ¿aw.
""Akvan≥ \Ktc AZzn-Xotbm [\mtVym
tZh-ZØx Akymw-tk-\m-bm-a-Zzn-Xobx iqchotcm hn{I-a-knwlx'' "Cu \K-c-Øn¬ AZznXob\mb [\n- I - \ mWv tZh- Z - Ø ≥. Cu
ssk\y-Øn¬ AZzn-Xo-b-\mb iqc-ho-c-\mWv
hn{I-a-knw-l≥' F∂p ]d-™m¬ tZh-Z-Ø\p
Xpey- \ m- s bmcp [\n- I ≥ Cu \K- c - Ø n¬
Cs√∂pw, hn{I-a-knw-l\p Xpey-\m-sbmcp ]cm{I-a-imen Cu ssk\y-Øn¬ Cs√∂pw, Ahtc-°mƒ Ipd-™-h¿ Ds≠-∂p-amWv A¿Yw.
]rYzn apX-emb PU-]-Zm¿Y-ßƒ, ]ip apXemb {]Wn-Iƒ hr£m-Zn-h-kvXp-°ƒ F∂nhbpw \KcØneps≠- ¶ nepw Ah- b psS
\ntj[w hcp-∂n-√. AXpt]mse {_“-Øn\p
Xpey-amb Poht\m {]Ir-Xntbm C√. {_“tØ-°mƒ \yq\-amb ]Zm¿Y-ßƒ D≠p-Xm-\pw.
AXpsIm≠v kn≤n-°p-∂Xv {_“w Ft∏mgpw
GI-am-sW∂pw Poh\pw {]Ir-Xn-XXz-ßfpw
At\- I - a m- s W∂pw BIp- ∂ p. AssZzXw
AYhm AZzn- X obw F∂ hnti- j - W w,
{_“sØ Poh≥ {]Ir-Xn-X-Øz-ßƒ F∂n-hbn¬ \n∂p th¿Xn-cn-®v, {_“-Øns‚ GIXzsØ ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu hnti-jWw
sIm≠v Poh-t‚-tbm, {]IrXnbptS-tbm, Imcycq-]a
- mb PKØn-t‚tbm A`m-htam \ntj-[tam
D≠m- I p- ∂ - t X- b n- √ . Ahsb√mw D≠v.
{_“Øn\p XpeyamsW∂p am{Xw. CXpsIm≠v AssZz-X-kn-≤ntbm ssZzX-kn-≤n°p
lm\ntbm hcp-∂an-√. `b-s∏-SmsX BtemNn®p a\- n-em-°p-I.
tNmZyw :˛ {_“w k®n-Zm-\µ kzcq-]hpw
Poh≥ AkvXn-`m-Xn-{]mb cq]hpw BIp-∂p.-
144
Ggmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
AXm-bXv kØv, ⁄m\w, B\µw F∂nh
{_“Øn\pw Poh\pw D≠v AXpsIm≠v
Ah H∂m- s W∂p kn≤n- ° p- ∂ - X n- \ m¬
AXns\ Fßs\ JWvUn°pw ?
DØcw:˛ Aev]w km[¿ayw D≈-Xn-\m¬
H∂m-hp-I-bn-√. AtN-X-\hpw Zriyhpw Bb-Xpt]mse Pew, A·n apX-em-b-hbpw AtN-X\hpw Zriy-hp-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Ah H∂mIp-∂n-√. K‘w,- cq-£-X, ImTn\yw apX-emb
KpW-ßƒ ]rYhn°pw, {Z-h-Xzw, -tIm-a-fX XpSßn-bh Pe-Øn\pw cq]w Zml-IXzw apX-embh A·n°pw D≠v. Ch t`ZsØ t_m[n-∏n°p∂ ssh[¿ay-ß-fm-Wv. ssh[¿ayw hncp-≤[¿asØ ImWn-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Ah H∂√. a\p-jycpw ]pgp-°-fpw IÆp-sIm≠p ImWp∂p, hmb sIm≠p Xn∂p-∂p, Imep sIm≠p
\S-°p-∂p. F¶nepw c≠p Imep≈ a\p-jys‚
BIr-Xnbpw At\Iw Imep-I-fp≈ ]pgp-hns‚
BIr-Xnbpw `n∂-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v sFI-cq-]y-an√. AXp-t]m-se, Af-h‰ ⁄m\w, B\µw,
{In-bm-i-‡n,- {`m-¥n-cm-ln-Xyw, hym]-IXzw apXem-b-h-bp≈ Cuiz-c≥, Aev]-⁄m-\w, -A-ev]_-ew, Aev]-kz-cq-]w,- {`m-¥n-]q¿Æ-X,- ]-cn-On∂Xzw XpS-ßnb KpW-ß-fp≈ Pnh-\n¬\n∂pw
`n∂-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Poh\pw Cuiz-c\pw H∂√. Cuiz-c≥ AXy-¥-kq-£vahpw Poh≥ Cuizc-t\-°mƒ Aev]w ÿqe cq]nbpw Bb-XpsIm≠v Ah-bpsS kzcq-]hpw `n∂-am-Wv.
ssZzX-_p-≤n, `b-Im-c-Ww.
tNmZyw:˛ ""AtYm-Z-c-a-¥cw IpcptX AY
Xky `bw `hXn'' 21 ""ZznXo-bm-ssZz-`bw
`hXn'' 22 _rl-Zm-c-Wy-tIm-]-\n-j-Øn-ep≈
hN-\-am-Wn-Xv. Poh-{_-“-ßƒ XΩn¬ Aev]t`-Z-sa-¶nepw Ds≠∂p Icp-Xp-∂-h\v `bw
D≠m-Ip-∂p. `bw D≠m-Ip-∂Xp as‰m∂n¬
\n∂p am{X-am-W-t√m.
DØcw:˛ CXns‚ A¿Yw CX- √ . Pohmflmhpw ]c-am-flmhpw Cs√∂p ]d-bp-∂ ]c-amflmhv Imew sImt≠m tZiw-sImt≠m ]cn-—n∂-am-sW∂p Icp-Xp∂ Cuiz-cs‚ B⁄
bvt°m KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ßƒt°m hntcm-[ambn h¿Øn-°p-∂, AYhm as‰m-cp-h-t\mSv
21. ssX. D. {_“m-\-µ-h√n 7.
22 ssX. D. {_“m-\-µ-h√n19.1.4.2
sshc-`mhw {]Z¿in-∏n-°p-∂, Bfn\v `bw D≠mIp-s∂-∂t{X CXn-\¿∞w. ""Cuiz-ct- \mSv F\ns°mcp _‘hpw C√'' F∂ ZznXob _p≤nbm-emWv `b-ap≠m-Ip-∂X
- v. ""\ns∂ Rm≥ Iq´m°p-∂n-√. \n\-s°s∂ H∂pw sNøm≥ Ignhn√'' F∂v Btcm- s S- ¶ nepw ]d- b p- I - t bm,
B¿s°-¶nepw tZmjw sNøp-I-tbm, ZpxJw
D≠m- ° p- I tbm sNøp- ∂- bmƒ°v A\y- c n¬
\n∂p `bw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. IqSm-sX, ]ckv]cw sshcp≤yw Cs√-¶n¬ Ah-sbm-∂msW∂p ]d-bm-dp-≠v. tZh-Z-Ø\pw b⁄-ZØ\pw hnjvWp-an-{X\pw H∂m-Wv, F∂p ]dbm- d p- ≠ v . Ah¿°p XΩn¬ hntcm[w C√
F∂¿Yw. hntcm-[-an-√m-bva-sIm-≠v kpJhpw
hntcm[w sIm≠v ZpxJhpw D≠mIp-∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ {_“hpw Poh\pw kZm sht∆sd
ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂pthm AtXm Ft∏m-sg-¶nepw
c≠pw tN¿∂v H∂m-Ip-∂pthm?
DØcw:˛ CXn\p Nne DØcw Ct∏mƒ ]d™- t X- b p- ≈ q. F∂m¬, km[¿ay- Ø ns‚
A\zbw sIm≠v GI-Xzw D≠m-Ipw. PUXzw
Hcn-°epw th¿s]-ń-cn-°mbvI F∂o [¿a-ßƒ
BIm-i-Øn\pw aq¿Ø-{Z-hy-ßƒ°pw D≈-Xn\m¬ Ahbv°v GIXzw D≠v. F∂m¬ BImi-Øn\p hn`p-Xzw, kq£vaX
- zw, cq]-cm-ln-Xyw,
A\-¥Xzw apX-emb KpW-ßfpw aq¿Ø-{Z-hyßƒ°v CXn\p hncp-≤-ambn ]cn-—n-∂Xzw
ZriyXzw apX-emb KpW-ßfpw D≈-Xn-\m¬
Ahbv°p XΩn¬ t`Zhpw D≠v. ]rYnhn apXemb {Zhy-ßƒ°v BIm-i-Øn¬ \n∂p thdn´p-\n¬°p-hm≥ hø. Fs¥-∂m¬, A\zbw
AYhm Hgnhv IqSmsX aq¿Ø-{Z-hy-ßƒ°v Ccn°m- \ n- S - a n- √ . AXn- \ m¬ A\zbw sIm≠v
Ahbv°v sFIy-ap-≠v. cq]w sIm≠p `n∂-ßfm-I-bm¬ hy-Xn-tcIw AYhm cq]-`n-∂-X-bm¬
Ahbv°p `n∂-X-bp-ap-≠v. AXp-t]m-se, {_“w
k¿h-hym-]n-bm-b-Xn-\m¬ Poh-\pw, ]rYn-hymZn-{Z-hy-ßƒ°pw {_“-Øn¬ \n∂p th¿s]ń-cn-°p-hm≥ km[y-a-√. Ahbv°p XΩn¬ cq]-km-Zr-iy-Øm¬ sFIyw C√-Xm-\pw. hoSp]-Wn-bp-∂-Xn∂p apºv aÆpw achpw Ccpºpw
a‰pw BIm- i - Ø n¬ Xs∂- b mWp ÿnXn
sNøp-∂-Xv. hoSp-]-Wn-I-gn™pw Ah BImi- Ø n¬
Xs∂
h¿Øn- ° p- ∂ p.
145
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c≥ thZw
hoSps]mfn™v\-in-®v, AXns‚ `mK-ßƒ
Hmtcm-Øn-SØp InS-°p-tºmhpw Ah BImi-Øn¬Øs∂ ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂p. AXm-bXv
aq∂p Ime- ß - f nepw BIm- i - Ø n¬ \n∂v
Ahbv ° v th¿s]- ´ n- c n- ° p- h m≥ km[y- a √
F∂p Xmev]-cyw. cq]-t`-Z-Øm¬ `n∂-ß-fmb
Ah Hcn-°epw H∂m-bn-cp-∂n-ń√; H∂-√, H∂mhp-Ib
- n-√. C{]-Imcw Pohm-flmhpw temIX-Ønep≈ kIe hkvXp-°fpw A¥¿`-hn-®n-cn-°bm¬ {_“-Øn¬ \n∂p th¿s]-ń-cn-°p-hm≥
{XnIm- e - ß - f nepw Ahbv°p km[y- a - √ .
kzcq]wsIm≠v Ah {_“-Øn¬ \n∂p `n∂ß-fm-Ib
- m¬ Hcn-°epw H∂m-Ip-∂X
- p-an√. C°mesØ thZm-¥n-I-fpsS ImgvN-∏mSv H‰-°-Æs‚
t\m´w t]mse A\z-b-Øns‚ t\sc t\m°n
hyXn-tc-I-`m-hsØ ImWmsX hn]-co-X-Zr-jvSnbmbn `hn- ° p- ∂ p.- k- K p- W - \ n¿Kp- W - X - I ƒ.
A\zb hyXn-tc-I-ßƒ, km[¿ayssh-[¿ayßƒ, hnti- j y- h n- t i- j - W - ` mhw F∂nh
C√mØ Hcp {Zhy-hp-an-√.
tNmZyw:˛ Cuiz-c≥ kKp-Wt\m? \n¿KpWt\m?
DØcw:˛ c≠p-am-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ sIm≈mw! Hcp Dd-bn¬, c≠p
hmƒ Fß-s\-bn-cn°pw? kKp-WX
- bpw \n¿KpW-Xbpw H∂n¬ Fßs\ H∂n®p hcpw?
DØcw:˛ PU- ] - Z m¿Yß- f n¬ AtN- X - \ Øns‚ KpW-ß-fmb cq]hpw a‰pw D≠v. tNX\-Kp-W-ß-fmb ⁄m\hpw a‰pw C√. AXpt]mse Xs∂ tNX-\ß
- f
- n¬ C—mZn KpW-ßƒ
D≠v. F∂m¬ AtN-X-\-ß-fmb cq]hpw a‰pw
C√ AXn-\m¬ Ah c≠pw kKp-Whpw \n¿KpWhpw BIp-∂p. ""bZvKpssW kl hcvØam\w X’-Kp-W w. KptW-t `ym-b -∂ ncv K Xw
]rY-Iv`qXw X∂ncvKpWw'' KpW-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-SnbXp kKp-Whpw KpW-ß-fn-√m-ØXp \n¿KpWhpw BWv. F√m ]Zm¿∞-ßfpw AXmXns‚ kzm`nI KpW-ß-fp-≈-h-bm-I-bm¬ kKpW-ßfpw a‰p hncp-≤-h-kvXp-°-fpsS KpW-ß-fn√m-bvI-bm¬ \n¿Kp-W-ßfpw BIp-∂p. tIhew
kKp-Wtam \n¿Kp-Wtam Bb ]Zm¿Yw H∂pan-√. Htc ]Zm¿∞-Øn¬ Xs∂ kKp-W-Xzhpw
\n¿Kp-W-Xzhpw kZm D≠m-bn-cn-°pw,. CXpt]mse Cuiz-c\v kz¥w A\-¥-amb ⁄m\w
_ew, apX-emb KpW-ßƒ D≈-Xn-\m¬ kKp-
W\pw cq]mZn PU-Kp-W-ßfpw tZzjmZn PohKp-W-ßfpw C√m-bvI-bm¬ \nn¿Kp-W\pw BIp∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ \ncm-Im-cs\ \n¿Kp-W-s\∂pw
kmIm-cs\ kKp-W-s\∂p temIw ]d-bp-∂p.
Cuiz-c≥ Ah-Xc
- n-°m-Øt∏mƒ \n¿Kp-W\pw
Ah- X - c n- ° p- t ºmƒ kKp- W \pw BsW∂¿Yw.
DØcw:˛ Adnhpw ]Tn∏pw C√m-Ø-h-cpsS
k¶-ev]-am-Wn-Xv. hnZy-bn-√m-Ø-h¿ arK-ß-sft∏mse ]pe-ºp-∂p. k∂n-]m-X-Pz-c-ap-≈-h¿
]n®pw t]bpw ]d-bp-tºmse ]Tn-∏n-√m-Ø-h¿
]d-bp-Ibpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn-t\bpw
]cn-K-Wn-°-cp-Xv.
tNmZyw:˛ Cuiz-c≥ cmK-ap-≈-ht\m hnc‡t\m?
DØcw:˛ c≠pw A√. Fs¥-∂m¬ X∂n¬
\n∂p `n∂-hpw, DØ-ah
- p-am-bX
- n--emWv cmK-ap-≠mhp-I. Cuiz-c-\n¬ \n∂p `n∂-amtbm DØ-aamtbm Hcp hkvXphpw C√. AXn-\m¬cmK-w-`hy-a-√. ssIøn¬ Inń-b-Xns\ e`n-®Xp XyPn°p∂h\mWp hnc-‡≥. Cuiz-c≥ k¿h-hym]n-bm-I-bm¬ H∂pw ]cn-Xy-Pn-°p-hm≥ km≤ya-√. AXn-\m¬ hnc-‡-\p-a-√.
tNmZyw:˛ Cuiz-c\v C—-bpt≠m C√tbm?
DØcw:˛ AXp-t]mse Cuiz-c\v C—-bp-an√. (Po-hm-flm-°-fn¬ ImWpw-h-Æw) A{]m]vXhpw DØ-ahpw e`n-®m¬ hnti-j-kpJw
\evIp-∂-X-p-am-b-Xn-\m-emWv C—-bp≠mIp-∂-Xv.
Aß-s\-sbm-∂n¬ Cuiz-c\v C—-bp-≠m-Iptam?
Cuiz-c\v Ae-`ytam t{ijvTtam Bb bmsXm∂p-an-√. kºq¿W kpJ-bp-‡-\m-I-bm¬ kpJØnepw A`n-em-j-an-√. AXn-\m¬ Cuiz-c\n¬
C—-bp-≠m-hpI kw`-hy-a-√. F∂m¬ Cu£Ww˛ AYhm k¿h-hn[ hnZy-I-fpsS Z¿i-\hpw
kIe krjvSn-Pm-e-ß-fpsS \n¿am-W-hpw-˛-Cuiz-c-¶¬ D≠v. C{]-Imcw kwt£-]n®p ]d-™Xn¬ \n∂v k÷-\-ßƒ hf-sc-b-[nIw a\- nem-°n-s°m-≈pw.
thZw Cuiz-c-{]-Im-inXw
23. IXax kznXv, Gh, kx F∂v IXax kzntZ-h-kx-bpsS
km[m-cW ]Z-]mTw al¿jn IX-ax-kznZv tZh kx F∂v
A¿Yw ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p.
273.274. t]Pp-I-fnse 3 ASn-°p-dn-∏p-ƒs∏sS CXv 22˛mw
ASn-°p-dn-∏m-Wv.
146
Ggmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c-s\-∏‰n Cßs\ Npcp-°n-∏-d-™-Xns\-Øp-S¿∂v thZ-hn-jbw Fgp-Xn-Øp-Sßmw:˛
bkvam-ZrtNm A]m-X-£≥ bPq-cy-kvam-Z]mIj≥; kmam\n bky-tem-am-\y-Ycvhmw-KnctkmapJw; kvIw`wXw {_qln IXax kzntZh-kx 23 (A-Y¿h-thZw 10. 23. 4. 20)
GXv Cuiz-c-\n¬ \n∂v EtKz-Zw, bPq¿thZw, kma-thZw AY¿h-thZw F∂o \mep thZßfpw {]Im-in-X-amtbm B tZh≥ BcmWv?
""Ncm-Nc
- ß
- s
- f-sb√mw krjvSn®p c£n-®p-sIm≠n-cn-°p∂ B ]c-am-flmhp Xs∂'' F∂mWp-Ø-cw.
kzbw- ` q- c ym- Y m- X Yy- t Xm¿Ym≥ hyZ- [ m—mizXo`yx kam`yx (b-Pq. 40. 8)
kzbw-`q-hpw, k¿h-hym-]n-bpw, ip≤-\pw, k\mX-\-\pw, \ncm-Im-c-\p-amb Cuiz-c≥ k\m-X\cpw Pohm- fl m- ° - f p- a mb {]P- I - f psS \∑bv°mbn thZ-ßƒ aptJ\ kIe hnZy-I-tfbpw
bYm-X-Y-ambn hn[n-]q¿∆w D]-tZ-in-°p-∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ Cuiz- c ≥ \ncm- I m- c - s \t∂m
kmIm-c-s\t∂m Xm¶-fpsS aXw?
DØcw:˛ \ncm-Im-c-\m-sW∂v
tNmZyw:˛ \ncm-Im-c-\m-sW-¶n¬ apJ-an-√mØ-Xp-sIm≠v A£-c-ßƒ D®-cn-°p-hm\pw
thZ- h nZy D]- t Z- i n- ° p- h m\pw Fßs\
km[n®p? A£-cß
- ƒ D®-cn-°p-∂X
- n\v Xmep
apX-emb ÿm\-ßfpw Pnlzm-{]-b-Xv\hpw
AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-am-Wv.
DØcw:˛ Cuiz-c≥ k¿h-i‡
- \pw k¿h-hym]n-bp-am-I-bm¬ kzhym-]vXn-aqew Pohm-flm°ƒ°p thZ-hnZy D]-tZ-in-°p-∂-Xn\p apJ-Ønt‚bpw a‰pw Bh-iy-ta-bn-√. apJw-sIm≠pw
Pnlz-sIm≠pw h¿tWm-®m-cWw sNøp-∂Xv
as‰m-cmsf ]Tn-∏n-°p-hm-\m-Wv. kzbw a\- n-em°m-\-√. apJw Pnlz F∂nh {]b-Xv\n-°msX
At\I hnj-b-ß-tf-∏-‰n-bp≈ hnNm-c-ßfpw
i_vtZm-®m-c-W-ßfpw a\- n¬ \S-∂p-sIm-≠ncn-°p-∂p. ssIhn-c-ep-Iƒs°m≠p sNhn AS®p-]n-Sn-°p-I, apJw, Pnlz , Xmep apX-em-bh
IqSmsX Xs∂ i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂s
- X-ßn-s\-bmsW-∂p a\- n-em-Ipw. AtX-hn-[-Øn¬ Xs∂bmWv Cuiz-c≥ A¥-cym-an-bm-bn-cp∂v Pohmflm-°ƒ°v D]-tZiw \¬In-b-Xv. a‰p-≈hsc
]Tn-∏n-°m≥ am{X-amWv D®-cn-t°-≠-Xv. \ncm-
Im-c\pw k¿h-hym-]n-bp-amb Cuiz-c≥ thZ-hnZysb kw_-‘n® D]-tZ-i-ß-sf√mw Pohm-flmhn-ep≈ kzk-Ø-bm¬ Pohm-flm-°sf t_m[n∏n-°p-Ib
- mWv sNøp-∂X
- v. ]n∂oSp a\p-jy≥ B
D]-tZ-isØ hm sIm≠v D®-cn®v a‰p-≈-hsc
tIƒ∏n-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬, Cu tZmjw Cuizc-\n¬ hcn-I-bn-√.
tNmZyw:˛ BcpsS Bflm-hn¬, Ft∏m-gmWv
thZ-ßƒ {]Im-in-X-am-b-Xv.
DØcw:˛ At·cv - E - t KztZm hmtbm- c yPqcvthZx kqcym-’m-a-thZx (iX. 11. 4.2.3)
H∂m-asØ krjvSn-bpsS Bcw-`-Øn¬ Cuizc≥ A·n, hmbp, BZn-Xy≥, AwKn-ckv F∂o
al¿jn-am-cpsS Bflm-hn¬ Hmtcm thZsØ
{]Im-in-∏n-®p.
tNmZyw:˛ tbm ssh {_“mWw hnZ-[m-Xn]qcv∆w tbm ssh thZmw› {]lntWmXnXsska (tiz-Xmiz 6. 18) CXv D]-\nj-Zzm-Iy-am-Wv. {_“m-hns‚ lrZ-b-Øn-emWv
thZ-ßƒ D]-tZ-in-®Xv F∂m-Wt√m Cu thZhm-Iy-Øn¬ \n∂p a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. ]ns∂
A·n XpS-ßnb Ejn-am-cpsS Bflm-hn-emsW∂p ]d-™-sX-ßs\?
DØcw:˛ {_“m-hns‚ Bflm-hn¬ A·ymZn-Iƒ aptJ-\-bmWv {]Im-in-X-am-b-Xv. a\pkvarXn t\m°q. A·n hmbp chn-`ykvXp-{Xbw
{_“-k-\mX\avZp-tZml b⁄-kn-≤y¿∞-arKyPqx kma-e-£-Wav (a-\p. 1. 23)
]c-ta-iz-c≥ krjvSn-bpsS BZn-bn¬ a\pjysc krjvSn-®Xn\p-ti-jw, A·n XpS-ßnb
\mep al¿jn-am¿ aptJ\ \mep thZ-ß-tfbpw
{_“m-hn\v {]m]vX-am-°n, B {_“mhv A·n,
hmbp, BZn-Xy≥, AwKn-ckv F∂n-h-cn¬ \n∂v
EtKz-Zw, bPq¿th-Zw, kma-th-Zw, AY¿h-thZw
F∂o \mep thZ-ßtfbpw {Kln-®p.
tNmZyw:˛ B \mep t]¿°p am{Xta thZßƒ {]Im-in-X-am-bp-≈q. a‰m¿°pw {]Im-inX-am-bn-√. AXn-\m¬ Cuiz-c≥ ]£-]m-Xnbm-hp-∂nt√?
DØcw:˛ B \mept]¿ am{Xw kIe Pohmflm-°t- f-°mfpw A[nIw ]hn-{X-cm-bn-cp-∂p. a‰p≈-h¿ Ah¿°p kZr-iy-c-√m-bn-cp-∂p. X∂nanØw ]hn-{X-amb thZ-hn-Zysb Ah-cn¬ {]Imin-∏n-®n-√.
147
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c≥ thZw
tNmZyw:˛ thZ-ßsf GsX-¶nepw \m´p-`mj-bn¬ {]Im-in-∏n-°msX kwkvIr-X-Øn¬
{]Im-in-∏n-®-sX-¥p-sIm-≠mWv?
DØcw:˛ GsX-¶nepw \m´p-`m-j-bn¬ {]Imin-∏n-®m¬ Cuiz-c≥ ]£-]m-Xn-bm-Ipw. GXp
\m´p-`m-j-bn¬ {]Im-in-∏n-°p-∂pthm B \mńep-≈-h¿°p thZw ]Tn-°m\pw ]Tn-∏n-°p-hm\pw
Ffp-∏hpw a‰p \m´p-Im¿°p hnj-ahpw BIpw.
AXp-sIm-≠mWv kwkvIr-X-Øn¬Xs∂ {]Imin-∏n-®-Xv. kwkvIrXw GsX-¶n-ep-samcp tZiØnse \m´p-`m-jb
- √
- X
- m-\pw. IqSmsX thZ-`mj
thsd-bp≈ kI-e-`m-j-I-fp-sSbpw aqe-am-Ip-∂p.
AXp-sIm-≠ mWv AXn¬Øs∂ thZ- ßsf
{]I-Sn-∏n-®Xv. `qan apX-emb Cuiz-c-kr-jvSn-Isf√mw F√m \mń-ep-ap-≈-h¿°v Hcp-t]m-sebm-bncn°pIbpw F√m inev]-hn-Zy-Iƒ°pw
Imc- W - a m- b n- c n- ° p- I bpw sNøp- ∂ - X p- t ]mse
Cuiz-cs‚ `mjbpw s]mXp-h m-b n-cn- ° - W w.
F¶nte F√m \m´p-Im¿°pw ]Tn-°p-hm\pw ]Tn∏n-°p-hm\pw Xpey-amb {]bXv\w th≠n-h-cq.
Aßs\ Cuiz-c≥ ]£-]m-Xn-b-√m-Xm-hp-Ibpw
sNøpw. kwkvIrXw a‰p kIe `mj-I-fp-sSbpw
Imc-W-amb aqe-`m-j-bm-Wt√m.
thZ-ßƒ Cuiz-c-IrXw Xs∂.
tNmZyw:˛ thZ- ß ƒ Cuiz- c - c - N n- X m- W v .
A\y-Ir-X-a√ F∂-Xn\v {]amWw F¥mWv?
DØcw:˛ Cuiz-c≥ Fßs\ ]hn-{X-\pw,
k¿h-hn-Zym-hm-\pw, ip≤Kp-W-I¿Ω-kz-`m-h-ßtfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\pw, \ymb-Im-cn-bpw, Zbm-ephpw
C{]-Im-ca
- p≈ hnhn[ KpWß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bh
- \pw
BtWm Aßs\ Cuizcs‚KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-hß-sf-sb√mw {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ {KŸw Cuiz-cIrXw Xs∂. A\y-Ir-Xa
- √
- . krjvSn-{I-aØ
- n\pw
{]Xy-£m-Zn-{]-am-W-ßƒ°pw ]hn-{Xm-flm-°fmb B]vX-∑m-cpsS {]hr-Øn-Iƒ°pw hncp-≤ambn H∂pw Xs∂ ]d-™n-ń-√mØ {KŸtatXm
AXv Cuiz-c-IrXw Xs∂-bm-Wv. Cuizcs‚
⁄m\w Fßs\ {à-c-ln-X-amtWm Aßs\
{à- c - l n- X - a mb ⁄m\sØ shfn- h m- ° p∂
{KŸw Cuiz-tcm‡w Xs∂-bm-Wv. Cuiz-c\pw
Cuiz-cs‚ krjvSn-{I-ahpw GXp-hn-[-Øn-ep-≈XmtWm AtX-hn-[-Øn¬ Cuiz-c-t\bpw Cuizc-kr-jvSn-bpsS Imcy-Im-cW
- ß
- s
- fbpw Pohm-flm°-tfbpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂Xpw {]Xy-£mZn {]am-
W-ßƒ°v Ahn-cp-≤hpw ip≤m-flm-hns‚ kz`mh-tØmSp hntcm-[-an-√m-ØXpw Bb {KŸw
Cuiz-cs‚ Xncp-hmbv-sam-gn-X-s∂. CXmWv thZßƒ. A√msX ss__nƒ, Jp¿-B≥ apX-emb- h - b √ CXns‚ kv ] jv S - a mb hymJym\w
ss__n-fn-s\-∏-‰nbpw Jp¿-B-s\-∏-‰nbpw ]d-bp∂h ]Xn-aq∂pw ]Xn-\mepw kap-√m-k-ß-fn-ep≠v.
tNmZyw:˛ thZ-ßƒ Cuiz-c\
- n¬ \n∂p-≠mtI≠ Bh-iy-ta-bn-√. Fs¥-∂m¬, a\p-jy¿
{ItaW ⁄m\w h¿≤n-∏n®v ]n∂oSv ]pkvXI-sa-gp-Xn-s°m-≈pw.
DØcw:˛ Hcn-°-ep-an-√. ImcWw IqSmsX
Imcyw D≠m-Ip-∂pXv Akw-`-hy-am-Wv. Imń¬
Xma-kn-°p∂ a\p-jy¿ {]Ir-Xn-sb-°≠v Adnhp-≈-h-cm-Ip-∂n-√. Bsc-¶nepw ]Tn-∏n-®m¬
hnZzm-∑m-cm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. C∂pw Bsc¶nepw ]Tn-∏n-°msX Bcpw hnZzm-∑m-cm-Ip-∂n√. AXp-t]mse Cuiz-c≥ krjvSn-bpsS BZyIm-e-Øp-≠mb B al¿jn-am¿°p thZ-hnZy
D]-tZ-i-n-°p-Ibpw Ah¿ a‰p-≈-hsc ]Tn-∏n-°pIbpw sNbvXn-cp∂n-s√-¶n¬ kI-ecpw Adn-hn√m-Ø-h-cm-bn-cp-t∂-s\. Hcp Ipńsb P\\w
apX¬ GIm-¥-amb ÿe-Øv, arK-ß-fp-sStbm
]Tn-∏n-√mØ a\p-jy-cp-sStbm Iq´-Øn¬ ]m¿∏n°p-∂ ]£w B Ipń Ah-tc-t∏m-se-bm-bn-Øocpw. Im´p-Pm-Xn-°m-cmb òep-Ifpw a‰p-amWv CXn\p-Zm-lc
- W
- w. Bcym-h¿Ø-Øn¬ \n∂v hn⁄m\-k-ºØv ]pd-Øp-t]m-Im-Xn-cp∂ Ime-a-{Xbpw
an{iw (Cu-Pn-]v‰v) bq\m≥ ({Ko-kv) bqtdm∏v apXemb cmPy-ß-fn-ep≈ a\p-jy¿°v hnZym-`ymkw
H´pta D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Cw•-≠p-Im-cpw 24 a‰pamb sImfw-_kv apX-em-b-h¿ Ata-cn-°-bnte°p t]mIp-∂-Xn\p apºv Ahn-sS-bp-≈-h¿
Bbn-cw, e£w F∂√ tImSn kwh-’-c-ßfmbn aqV- c m- b n- c p- ∂ p. ]n∂oSp \√ hnZym`ymkw e`n-®-Xp-sIm≠v Ah¿ hnZzm-∑m-cmbn
A∆n[w a\p-jy¿°v krjvSn-bpsS BZn-bn¬
]c-am-flm-hn¬ \n∂p hnZybpw in£-Whpw e`n®-Xp-sIm-≠mWv ]n∂o-Sp≈ Ime-ß-fn¬ hnZzm∑m-cmbn `hn-®-Xv.
24. Cw•≠v ae-bm-f-Ønse "ioa-bpsS ]cym-b-am-Wv.
sImfw-_kv t]m¿Øp-Ko-kp-Im-c-\-√m-bn-cp-s∂∂v CXn\¿Y-an-√.
148
Ggmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
k ]qcvth-jm-a]n Kpcpx Imte-\m-\-h-t—ZmXv (tbm-K-Z¿i\w k. ]m. 26) C°m-esØ
A≤ym-]-I-cpsS ASp-°¬ ]Tn®p hnZzm-∑m-cmIp∂ hÆw Cuiz-c≥ krjvSn-bpsS Bcw-`Øn¬ D≠mb A·n apX-emb al¿jnam-cpsS
Kpcp BIp-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ Pohm-flm-°ƒ
kpjp- ] v X ym- h - ÿ - b nepw {]f- b - I m- e Øpw
⁄m\- c - l n- X - c m- h p- ∂ - X p- t ]mse Cuiz- c ≥
⁄m\-c-ln-X-\m-hp-∂n-√. Cuiz-cs‚ ⁄m\w
\nXy-am-Ip∂p. AXn-\m¬, \nanØw IqSmsX
\nan-Øm¿Yw D≠m-hp-I-bn-s√∂p \n›-bn-°Ww.
tNmZyw:˛ thZßƒ kwkv I r- X - ` m- j - b nemWv {]Im-in-Xa
- m-bX
- v. A·n XpS-ßnb EjnP-\-ßƒ B kwkvIr-X-`mj Adn-™n-cp-∂Xp-an-√. ]ns∂, Fßn-s\-bmWv Ah¿ thZß-fpsS A¿∞w a\- n-em-°n-bXv?
{_m“Ww
DØcw:˛ Cuiz-c≥ Xs∂-bmWv Ah¿°p
a\- n-em-°n-s°m-Sp-Ø-Xv. [¿a-X-ev]-c-∑mcpw
tbmKn-I-fp-amb al¿jn-am¿ GXp a{¥-Øns‚
A¿Yw Adn-b-W-sa-∂m-{K-ln®v kam-[n-bn-encp∂p Cuiz-c-kz-cq-]-Øns‚ [ym\-Øn¬ \na·-cm-Ip-tºmƒ Cuiz-c≥ B AòjvS a{¥Øns‚ A¿Yw Ah¿°p shfn-hm-°n-s°m-SpØn-cp-∂p. Cßns\ At\Iw al¿jn-am-cpsS
Bflm-°-fn¬ thZm¿∞w {]Im-in-®-tXm-Sp-IqSn
ap\n-am¿ B A¿Y-tØbpw Ejn-am-cpsS Ncn{X-ß-tfbpw shfn-hm-°n-s°m≠v {KŸ-ßƒ
25 a{¥m¿Yw I≠ Ejn-am-cn¬ c≠p-hn-`m-K-ap-≠v. H∂v,
Ah¿°v apºv Bcpw a{¥m¿Yw Is≠-Øn-bn-ń-√m-Øh¿. c≠v ]q¿h-E-jn-am¿ A¿Yw Is≠-Øn-bn-cp-s∂¶nepw kzbw A¿Yw Is≠Øn ]Tn-∏n-®n-h¿. CXp-sIm≠mWv Nne kq‡-ßƒ°pw a{¥-ßƒ°pw H∂n-e[nIw Ejn-amsc \n¿t±-in-®n-´p-≈-Xv. Nne¿ A¿Yw
Is≠-Øn-bn´pw B¿°pw A¿Y-{]-Im-i\w \S-Øn-bn´p-≠m-hp-Ib
- n√ F∂pw hcmw. tKm]Y {_m“Ww DØcm¿≤w 6˛1¬ ""hnizm-an{Xx {]Ya a]-iyXv Ghm
Xzman- { µ- h - { Po≥ (E.4- ˛ 19) Xm≥ hnizm- a n- t {XW
ZrjvSm≥ hma-tZthm f krP-Xv. '' Ghm Xzman-{µ-h{Pn≥ F∂ a{¥w hnizm-an-{X≥ BZyw Z¿in-®p. hnizman-{X≥ I≠-Xns\ hma-tZ-h≥ krjvSn®p (^-e-hØm°n ˛ D]-tZ-in-®p) XmWvUy-{_m-“-W-Øn¬ inip
BMvKn-c-kns\ A[ym-]-I≥ F∂ A¿Y-Øn¬ a{¥IrXv (a-{¥-{Z-jvSm-hv) F∂p-]-d-bp-∂p-≠v. (13.3.24)
26 thZm\p {Ia-Wn-I-fn¬ a{¥-Øns‚ Ejn Bcm-sW∂v
\n¿t±-in®p t]mcp-∂p.
cNn-®p. B {KŸ-ßƒ {_“-Øn-s‚˛ thZ-Øns‚˛ hymJym-\-ß-fm-b-Xp-sIm≠v Ahbv°p
{_m“Ww F∂p t]cm-bn. IqSm-sX˛ Ejtbm
a{¥-Zr-jvSbx ˛ a{¥m≥k-{ºmZpx (\n-cp‡w
1. 20) GXp a{¥m¿∞-Øns‚ Z¿i\w GXv
Ejn-°p-≠mtbm GXp a{¥m¿∞sØ GXv
Ejn a‰mcpw I≠-dn-bp-∂-Xn\p apºmbn Bcm™-dn™p a‰p-≈-h-sc -t_m-[n-∏n-®pthm 25B
a{¥-tØm-Sp-IqSn B Ejn-bpsS \ma-t[bw
Hm¿Ω- b v°mbn Ct∂- h sc FgpXn hcp∂p≠v. 26 Ejn-am-cmWv a{¥-ß-fp-≠m-°n-bXv
F∂p ]d-bp-∂-h¿ anYym-hm-Zn-I-fm-sW∂p a\ n-em-°-Ww. Ejn-am¿ a{¥-ß-fpsS A¿YsØ
{]Im-in-∏n-®n-´p-≈-h¿ am{X-am-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ GsX√mw {KŸ-ßƒ°mWp thZsa∂p t]¿ D≈Xv?
DØcw:˛ E°v, bPq- v, kmaw, AY¿h t- hZw
F∂o a{¥-kw-ln-X-Iƒ°v am{Xta D≈q; as‰m∂n\pw C√.
tNmZyw:˛ a{¥-{_m-“-W-tbm¿th-Z-\m-a-t[bav apX-emb Im-Xym-b\
- I
- r-Xa
- mb {]Xn⁄m
kq{X-Øn\pw a‰pw F¥¿∞-amWp ]d-bp∂Xv?
DØcw:˛ t\m°q. kwlnXm ]pkvXI
- Ø
- ns‚
Bcw-`Ø
- nepw A[ym-bm-hk
- m-\hpw thZiv_vZw
]pcm-X-\-Imew apX¬ FgpXn hcp-∂p. {_m“W-{K-ŸØ
- ns‚ Bcw-`Ø
- nepw A[ym-bØ
- ns‚
Ah- k m- \ - Ø nepw Fßpw Fgp- X n- b n- ´ p- a n- √ .
IqSmsX \ncp-‡-Øn¬˛ CXy]n \nKtam `hXn. CXn (N) {_m“Ww (5,3,4) Otµm
{_mlvaWm\n N XZzn-j-bmWn (AjvSm 4,2,
66) CXp ]mWn-\o-b-kq-{X-am-Wv.
a{¥- ` m- K - a mWp thZ- s a∂pw {_m“Ww
hymJym-\`- m-Ka
- m-sW∂pw CXn¬ \n∂p kv]jvSam-W-t√m. Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ hnti-j-]-T\w
B{K-ln-°p-∂h
- ¿ Rm≥ cNn-®n-´p≈ ""EtKzZmZn
`mjy-`q-anI'' (thZ]cy-S\
- w) t\m°p-I. At\Iw
{]am-W-ßƒ°p hncp-≤-am-b-Xp-sIm≠p ImXymb\ hN\w {]am-W-am-°m≥ ]mSn√ F∂mWv
AhsS ka¿Yn-®n-´p-≈X
- v. CXns\ {]am-Wa
- mbn
kzoI-cn-®m¬ thZ-ßƒ k\m-X-\-ß-f-√m-Xm-Ipsa- ∂ mWv Imc- W w. {_m“- W - { K- Ÿ - ß - f n¬
At\Iw al¿jn-am-cp-sSbpw cmPm-°-∑m-cpsSbpw a‰pw Ncn{Xw ImWmw. Pohn-X-Øn\p
149
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Cuiz-c≥ thZw
tij-am-Wt√m Hcp-hs‚ Ncn{Xw Fgp-Xp-∂-Xv.
B {KŸhpw Ahs‚ P\-\-Øn\p tij-amWp≠m-hp-I. thZ-ß-fn¬ Bcp-sSbpw Ncn{Xw
C√. hnZym-t_m[w Df-hm-°p∂ i_vZ-ß-tfhtbm Ah-bmWv AXn¬ {]tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≈-Xv.
GsX-¶nepw a\p-jys‚ t]tcm IYtbm IYmk-µ¿`tam thZ-ß-fn-en-√.
thZ-im-J-Iƒ
tNmZyw-:˛ thZ-ßƒ°v F{X imJ-I-fp≠v?
DØcw:˛ Bbn-cØn Hcp-\q‰n Ccp-]-tØgv
tNmZyw:˛imJ F∂p ]d-™m-se¥v?
DØcw:˛ imJ F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv hymJym\am-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ temI-Øn¬ hnZzm-∑m¿ thZØns‚ Ah-b-h-`q-X-ß-fmb hn`m-K-ßsf
imJ-I-fmbn KWn-°m-dnt√?
DØcw:˛ sXs√m∂p Nn¥n-®m¬ icn-bm-Wv.
D≈ imJ- I ƒ Biz- e m- b - \ ≥ apX- e mb
al¿jnam-cpsS t]cn¬ {]kn-≤-ß-fm-Wv. a{¥kw-ln-X-Iƒ Cuiz-cs‚ \ma-Øn¬ {]kn-≤-ßfm-Wv. \mep thZ-ßfpw Cuiz-c-Ir-X-am-sW∂p
\n¿Æ-bn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse ""Biz-em-b\n'' apXemb imJ-Iƒ AXmXp al¿jn-am-cpsS cN-\I-fm-sW-∂t{X hnizm-kw. F√m imJ-I-fnepw
a{¥-ß-fpsS {]XoIw FSp-Øn´mWv hymJym\n- ° p- ∂ - X v . ssXØn- c n- b - i m- J - b n¬ ""CtjtXzmcv t P- t XzXn'' apX- e mb {]Xo- I - ß ƒ
FSpØp hymJym-\n-°p-∂Xv CXn-\p-Zm-l-c-Wam-Wv. thZ-kw-ln-X-I-fn-em-I-s´, {]Xo-I-ßsfm∂pw FSp- Ø n- ´ n- √ . AXn- \ m¬, CuizcIrXß-fmb \mep thZ-ßƒ aqe-hr-£-ßfpw
Ah-bpsS Biz-em-b-\mZn imJ-Iƒ Ejn-Ir-Xßfpw BIp-∂p. Ah-sbm∂pw Cuiz-c-Ir-X-a√. CtX-∏‰n hnti-j-hym-Jym\w EtKz-ZmZn
`mjy-`q-an-I-bn-ep-≠v. amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿ k¥m\-ß-fn¬ Ir]m-Zr-jvSn-sNm-cn™v A`yp-Zbw
Imw£n-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse Cuiz-c≥ kI-e-a-\pjy-cnepw Ir]-sNm-cn™v thZ-ßsf shfn-hm°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v a\p-jy¿ A⁄m\m-‘-Im-c -am-Ip∂ taml-Pm-e -Ø n¬ \n∂p
tamNn®v hnZym-⁄m-\-am-Ip∂ kqcys\ {]m]n®v, B\-µ-Øn-em-dm-Sp-Ibpw hnZy-tbbpw kpJtØbpw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNø-s´.
\nXym-\n-Xy-hn-Nmcw
tNmZyw:˛ thZßƒ \nXy-ßtfm A\n-Xyßtfm?
DØcw:˛ \nXy-ß-fm-Wv. Cuiz-c≥ \nXy-\mb-Xp-sIm≠v At±-l-Øns‚ ⁄m\m-Zn-Kp-Wßfpw \nXy-ßf
- m-Wv. \nXy-hk
- vXp-°f
- psS KpWI¿a-kz-`m-h-ßƒ \nXy-ßfpw A\n-Xy-h-kvXp°-fp-tSXv A\n-Xy-ßfpw BIp-∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ Cu ]pkvX-Ihpw \nXy-amtWm?
DØcw:˛ A√. Cu ]pkvXI
- w, IS-em- v, ajn
F∂n-h-sIm≠v D≠m-°n-b-Xm-Wv. AsX-ßs\
\nXy-amIpw? i_vZm¿∞-ßfpw Ahbv°p XΩnep≈ _‘hpw am{Xta \nXy-am-Ip-∂p-≈q.
tNmZyw:˛ Cuiz-c≥ Ejn-am¿°v ⁄m\w
\evIn-sb∂pw Ah¿ ⁄m\-Øn¬ \n∂p
thZ-ßƒ cNn-®p-sh∂pw h∂p-IqtS?
DØcw:˛ t⁄bw IqSmsX ⁄m\-an-√.
Kmb-{XymZn Oµ- p-Iƒ, jUvPm-Xn-Ifpw DZmØm-\p-Zm-Øm-Zn-If
- p-amb kzc-ßƒ F∂n-hb
- psS
⁄m\-tØm-Sp-IqSn Kmb-{XymZn Oµ- p-Isf
\n¿Ωn- ° p- ∂ - X n\pw ⁄m\- k - º q¿W- a mb
imkv{X-c-N-\bv°pw k¿h⁄-\mb Cuiz-c\-√msX a‰m¿°pw kma¿Yy-an-√. thZ-ßƒ
A[y-b\w sNbvXp Ign™v hnZy-Isf shfnhm-°p-∂-Xn\v al¿jn-am¿ hymI-c-Ww, \ncp‡w, Oµkv apX-em-bh cNn-®n-´p-s≠-∂p-≈Xv
t\cm-Wv. Cuiz-c≥ thZ-ßsf {]Im-in-∏n-®n-s√¶n¬ B¿°pw H∂pw \n¿Ωn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-Ibn-√. AXn-\m¬ thZ-ßƒ Cuiz-tcm-‡-am-Wv.
kI-e-P-\-ßfpw Ahsb A\p-k-cn®p \S-°pIbpw thWw. ""\nß-fpsS aXw F¥mWv?''
F∂p tNmZn-®m¬ ""Rß-fpsS aXw thZ-am-Wv,
thZ- Ø n¬ Fs¥√mw hn[n- ® n- ´ pt≠m
AsX√mw Rßƒ kzoI-cn-°p∂p'' F∂mWv
DØcw ]d-tb-≠-Xv.
C\n krjvSn-hn-jb
- s
- Ø-∏‰n hymJym-\n-°mw.
ChnsS kw£n-]vX-ambn Cuiz-c-s\-∏-‰n-bpw,
thZ-hn-j-b-sØ-∏-‰nbpw hymJym-\n-®p.
150
{ioa-±-bm-\µ kc-kzXokzm-an-I-ƒ
cNn® kXym¿Y]-Im-i-Øn¬
Cuiz-c-th-Z-hn-j-b-ßsf
hymJym-\n-°p∂
Ggmw kap-√mkw Ign-™p.
F´mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
151
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
DXv]Øn ˛ ÿnXn ˛ {]fbw
152
F´mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
8
F´mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿Y-{]-Imiw
krjvSn-bpsS DXv]Øn ÿnXn, {]fbw
AY krjvSnhnjbav {]h£ymax
C\n krjvSn-bpsS DXv]Øn ÿnXn, {]fbw F∂o hnj-b-ßƒ hymJym-\n-°p∂p.
1. Cbw hnkr-jvSn-cyX B _`qh bZn hm
Zt[ bZn hm \x tbm Akym-[y-£x- ]-c-tathym-a≥t’m AwK thZ bZn hm \ thZ.
2. Xa Bko-Øa
- km Kqƒl-at{K {]tIXw
kenew kcvham CZw; Xpt—y-\m-`z-]n-lnXw
bZm-koØ ]k-kvX-∑-ln-\m-Pm-b-ssX-Iav.
(E 10 129. 7.3)
3. lnc-Wy-Kcv`x ka-hcvØXmt{K `qXky
PmX ]XntcI BknXv; kZm-[mc ]rYnhnw
Zymap-tXamw Ikvssa tZhm-b lhnjm hnt[a. (-E. 10. 121.1)
4. ]pcpj GthZMv kcvhw bZv`qXwb®
`mhyw; DXm-ar-X-Xz-tky-imt\m bZ-t∂-\m-Xntcm-lXn. (b-Pq. 31.2)
5. btXm hm Cam\n `qXm\n Pmbt¥;
tb\ PmX \n Poh¥n; bXv {]b-¥y`n kwhni¥n; XZzn PnPvRm-kkz; XZv {_“. (ssXØn-cn-tbm-]-\n-j-Øv. `rKp-h-√n. A\p-:1)
1. tl AMvK˛ a\pjym Bcn¬ \n∂v Cu
sshhn-[y-am¿∂ PKØv {]Im-in-X-amtbm Bcv
Cu PK-Øns‚ ÿnXn kwlm-c-ßƒ sNøp∂p-thm, Bcv Cu PK-Øns‚ A[n-]-\mtWm
Fßpw \nd-™n-cn-°p∂ Bcn¬ Cu temIw
apgp-h\pw DXv]Ø
- n, ÿnXn, {]f-bß
- sf {]m]n°p-∂pthm Ah-\t{X Cuiz-c≥. At±-lsØ
\o At\z- j n- ® - d n- b p- I . a‰m- s cbpw krjv - S n-
I¿Øm-hmbn Icp-X-cp-Xv.
2. krjvSn-°p-apºv Cu PK-sØ√mw Iqcn-cp´p-sIm-≠v aqSn-bXpw cm{Xn-t]mse AZr-iyhpw
Bbn-cp-∂p. BIm-i-cq-]-amb PKØp apgp-h\pw
Cuiz-cs\ At]-£n®v Xp—hpw ad-™p-In-S°
- p∂- X p- a m- b n- c p- ∂ p. ]n∂oSv Cuiz- c ≥ Xs‚
kma¿Yyw-sIm≠v Imc-Wc
- q-]Ø
- n¬ \n∂v Imcycq-]-am-°n.
3. A√tbm a\pjy! kqcy≥ apX-emb tXtPma-b-h-kvXp-°ƒ°v B[m-chpw CXp-hsc D≠mbXpw D≠m- I p- ∂ Xpw Bb temI- Ø ns‚
GI\pw AZzn-Xo-b-\pw A[n-]\pamb Bb ]cam-flmhv Cu PK-Øns‚ D¤-h-Øn\pw apºv
D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. `qan apX¬ kqcy≥h-sc-bp≈ PKØn-s\- kr-jvSn® B ]c-am-fl-tZ-hs\ kvt\l]q¿hw `Pn-°p-hn≥.
4. F√m-Ønepw \nd-™p-ta-hp∂ ]pcp-j\pw
\mi-c-ln-X-amb Imc-W-{]-Ir-Xn-bp-sSbpw Pohs‚bpw \mY\pw AtN-X-\w, tNX\w F∂n-hbn¬ \n∂p `n∂\pamb ]pcp-j-\mWv `qX, `hnjy-Xv h¿Ø-am-\-ß-fn¬ h¿Øn-°p∂ PKØns‚ {kjvSm-hv.
5. ]rYn- h ym- Z n- I - f mb kI- e - ` q- X - ß fpw
BcpsS krjvSn-bmtWm Bcn¬ Ah-sb√mw
ÿnXn- s N- ø p- I bpw {]e- b n- ° p- I bpw sNøp∂pthm B ]c-am-flmhp Xs∂-bmWv {_“w.
153
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
AXns\ Adn-bp-hm≥ B{K-ln-°q. P∑m-Zy-kybXx (th-Zm¥ kq. A. 1. ]m. 1. kq. 2.) Cu
PK-Øns‚ krjvSn ÿnXn-e-b-ßƒ GXn¬
\n∂v D≠m-Ip-∂pthm B {_“w Xs∂-bmWv
Adn-b-s∏-tS-≠-Xv.
tNmZyw:˛ Cu PKØv Cuiz-c-\n¬ \nt∂m
a‰p h√-Xn¬ \n∂ptam D≠m-bXv?
DØcw:˛ \nan-Ø-Im-c-W-amb Cuiz-c-\n¬
\n∂mWv D¤-hn-®-Xv. F∂m¬ CXns‚ D]mZm\-Im-cWw {]Ir-Xn-bm-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ {]Ir-Xnsb krjvSn-®Xv Cuizc-\t√?'
DØcw:˛A√. AXv A\m-Zn-bm-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ F¥mWv A\m- Z n- s b∂p ]d™m¬? A\m-Zn-bmbn F{X ]Zm¿Y-ßƒ
D≠v?
DØcw:˛ BZn-Im-c-Wtam D¤-h-k-a-btam
C√m-Ø-XmWv A\m-Zn. Cuiz-c≥, Poh≥, PKØns‚ ImcWw F∂nh aq∂pw A\m-Zn-bm-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ CXn\p {]amWw?
DØcw:˛ 1. Zzm kp]¿Wm-kb
- pPm kJmbm
kam\w hr£w ]cn-j-kz-PmtX; Xtbm-c\yx
]n∏ew kzmZzØy-\-iv\-∂t\ym A`nNmI
ioXn. (E. 1. 164. 20)
2. imiz-Xo`yx kam`yx. (b-Pp. 40. 8)
1 (Zzm) {_“w Pohm-flmhv Ch c≠pw (kp]¿Æm) tNX-\Xzw ]me-\Xzw apX-emb KpWß-sf-s°m≠v Xpey-ßfpw (k-bp-Pm) hym]yhym-]I
- `- m-ht- ØmSp IqSn-bh
- bpw (k-Jm-bm) ]ckv]cw an{X-ßfpw k\m-X\
- ß
- fpw A\m-Zn-Ifpw
BIp-∂p. IqSmsX (k-am-\-av) A{]-Imcw (hr£w) aqe-cq-]-amb A\mZn Imc-W-hpw, imJmcq-]nbmb Imcy-bp-‡-amb hr£w˛ AXm-b-Xv,
ÿqe-cq-]-Øn¬ {]I-S-ambn {]f-b-Øn¬ On∂`n-∂-am-bn-t∏m-Ip-∂-Xv˛˛aq∂m-asØ A\m-Zn-]Zm¿Yw BIp∂p Cu aq∂n-s‚bpw KpW-I¿akz-`m-hß
- fpw A\m-Zn-If
- m-Wv. Poh-{_-“ß
- f
- n¬
H∂v, AXm-bXv Poh≥ hr£-cq-]-amb Cu
temI-Øn¬ ]pWy-]m-]-ß-fm-Ip∂ ê-ßsf
(kzm-Zz-Øn) kzmtZmsS A\p-`-hn-°p-∂p. ]c-amflm-hm-I-s´, I¿a-^-e-ßsf (A-\-iv\≥) A\p`-hn-°msX \mep-`m-K-Øpw-˛-A-IØpw ]pdØpw
k¿h-{X-˛{- ]-Im-in-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Cuiz-c≥
Poh-\n¬ \n∂pw Poh≥ Cuiz-c-\n¬ \n∂pw
`n∂hpw {]IrXn Ch-c-≠n¬ \n∂p `n∂-cq]nbpw Ch aq∂pw A\m-Zn-Ifpw BIp-∂p.
2. (im-iz-Xo-`yx) A\m-ZnIfpw k\m-X-\-ßfp-amb Pohm-flm-°-fm-Ip∂ Xs‚ {]P-Iƒ°v
]c-am-flmhv thZw hgn kIe hnZy-I-tfbpw
t_m[n∏n-®n-´p-≠v.
3. APm-taImw temln-X-ip-¢-IrjvWmw
_lzox {]Pmx krP am\mw kzcq]mx AtPm
tlytIm Pqj-am-tWm-\p-titX PlmtXy\mw
`p‡-t`m-Km-at- Pm\yx (tiz-Xm-iz-Xt- cm-]\
- n-jXv
4. 5)
CXv D]-\n-jØ
-- n-ep≈ hN-\-am-Ip-∂p. {]IrXn, Pohm-flm-hv, ]c-am-flmhv Cu aq∂pw APßƒ˛ Hcn-°epw P\n-°m-Ø-h˛ BWv. Cu
aq∂pw kIe temI-Øn-s‚bpw Imc-W-ß-fmIp-∂p. Ch-bpsS Imc-W-ß-fmbn bmsXm∂pw
C√. A\m-Zn-bmb Pohm-flm-hv A\m-Zn-bmb
{]Ir- X nsb A\p- ` - h n®v AXn¬ AI- s ∏´p
t]mIp-∂p. ]c-am-flm-hm-I-s´, AXns\ `pPn-°pItbm AXn¬ AI-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNøp-∂n-√.
{]Ir-Xn-bpsS cq]w
Cuiz-c-s‚bpw Poh-s‚bpw e£Ww Cuizc-kz-cq-]-hn-j-b-Øn¬ ]d-™p-I-gn-™p. C\n
{]Ir-Xn-bpsS e£Ww ]dbmw:˛
kXz-c-P-kvX-akmw kmaymhÿm {]IrXnx
{]IrtXcvalm≥ al-tXm-l-¶m--tcm-l¶mcmXv
]©- X ∑m{XmWyp- ` - b - a n- { µnbw ]©- X - ∑ mt{X`yx ÿqe`qXm\n ]pcpj CXn ]©hn-iXncvKWx. (kmw-Jy-Z¿i\w 1. 61)
(k-Xzw) ip≤w (c-Px) a≤yw (X-ax) PmUyw
AYhm PUX F∂o aq∂p hkvXp-°ƒ H∂n®p-tN¿∂ kwLm-X-Øns‚ t]cmWv {]Ir-Xn.
{]Ir-Xn-bn¬ \n∂p al-ØXzw AYhm _p≤nbpw, AXn¬ \n∂v Al-¶m-c-hpw, AXn¬ \n∂v
]©-X-∑m-{X-I-fpw-˛-]-©-`q-X-ß-fpsS kq£va-cq]-ßƒ-˛-]Øv C{µn-b-ßfpw ]Xn-s\m-∂m-asØ
a\- pw, ]©-X-∑m-{X-I-fn¬ \n∂p ]rYn-hym-ZnI-fmb ]©-`q-X-ß-fpw, Cßs\ Ccp-]-Øn-\mep-Iq´w D≠m-Ip-∂p. Ccp-]Ø
- n-b©
- m-at- Ø-Xmb
]pcp-j≥ Poh\pw Cuiz-c\
- p-am-Ip-∂p. Ch-bn¬
{]IrXn Ahn-Im-cn-Wn-bpw 1 al-ØXzw Al¶m-cw, ]©-X-∑m-{X-Iƒ F∂nh {]Ir-Xn-bpsS
1. {]IrXn Imcy hkvXp-h√ F∂¿Yw
154
F´mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Imcy-ßfpw {]Ir-Xn, C{µn-bß
- ƒ, a\ v, ÿqe`q-X-ßƒ F∂n-h-bpsS Imc-Whpw BIp-∂p.
]pcp-j≥ as‰m-∂n-t‚bpw {]Ir-Xn-˛-D-]m-Zm-\-Imc- W w˛ A√; as‰m- ∂ n¬ \n∂p- ≠ m- I p- ∂
Imcyhpw A√.
tNmZyw:˛
1. ktZh tkmtay-Z-a{K BkoXv.
(Om-tµm-Kyw. 6. 2. 1)
2. AkZzm CZ-a{K BkoXv.
(ssX. D. {_. 7)
3. Bssfl-th-Z-a{K BkoXv.
(_rl 1. 4. 1.)
4. {_“hm CZ-a{K BkoXv.
(iX 11. 1. 11. 1.)
Ch-sb√mw D]-\n-j-Øp-I-fn-ep≈ hmIyß-fm-Ip-∂p. tltizX-tItXm 2 krjvSn-°p-apºv Cu PKØv 1. kØpw 2 AkØpw 3.
Bflmhpw 4. {_“-kzcq-]hpw Bbn-cp-∂p.
XpS¿∂v:˛ XssZ-£X _lpx kymw {]Pmtb-tbXn tkmfIm abX _lpx kymw {]PmtbtbXn (ssX. D. {_. 6) B ]c-am-flmhp
Xs‚ C—- s Im- ≠ v At\Iw cq]- ß ƒ
ssIs°m-≠p.
kcvhw JeznZw {_“t\l \m\mkvXn
In©\ 3 CXpw D]-\n-j-Øn-ep≈ hN-\-amWv. "C°m-Wp∂ PKØp apgp-h\pw {_“-am-sW-∂p-≈-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√. AXn¬ \m\m{]-Im-c-Øn-ep≈ ]Zm¿Y-ßƒ bmsXm∂pw
C√. F√mw {_“w Xs∂-bm-Wv.'
DØcw:˛ Cu hN-\-ßƒ°v A\¿Yw ]d-bp∂-sX-¥n\v? Fs¥-∂m¬ AtX D]-\n-j-ØpI- f n¬- ˛ (- G - h - t ah Jep) tkmaym- t ∂\
ipMv t K- \ mt]m aqe- a - \ zn- — m- Z v ` n- t may
ipMvtK\ tXtPm-aq-ea\zn— tXPkm tkmay
ipMvtK\ k∑q-ea\zn— k∑qemx tkmtayamx
(kcvhmx) {]Pmx kZm-b-X\mx kXv{]-XnjvTmx
2 Cu kw-t_m-[\ BZy D≤-c-Wn-tbmSv tN¿∂-XmWv. \men-s‚bpw A¿Yw H∂n®p ]d™p Ft∂-bp-≈q.
3. CXv GsX-¶nepw {]mam-WnI D]-\n-j-Ønse hN\-a-√. AXp-sIm-≠mWv ssP\m-Nm-cy-∑m¿, Ir{Xn-ta-Wm]ym-K-ta\ Xsskyh {]Xn-]m-Z-\m-Xv. D‡wN k¿hw
sshJeznZw {_“ t\l \m\m-kX
v n-In-©\ Ir{Xn-aa
- mb
BK-a-{]-am-W-Ømepw AXns\ Cßs\ {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn°p-∂-Xv. ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv. k¿hw JeznZw.... Cu {]amWw
I≈-am-sW-∂¿Yw. (kym-Zzm-Za
- R
- vPcn SoIm. t«mIw 13).
(Om-tµmKyw 6. 8. 4)
tizX-tItXm! A∂-cq-]-amb ]rYn-ho-Im-cyØn¬ \n∂v Pe-cq-]-Øm¬ aqe-Im-c-WsØ \o
Adnbp-I. Imcy-cq-]-amb Pe-Øm¬ tXtPm-cq]-amb aqe-Im-c-W-tØ-bpw, tXtPm-cq-]-amb
Imcy-Øm¬ k{Zq]-Im-cW
- a
- mb \nXy-amb {]IrXn-tbbpw a\- n-em-°p-I. kXy-kz-cq-]-amb Cu
{]IrXn kIe PK-Øn-s‚bpw aqe-Im-c-Whpw
\nhm-k-ÿm-\-hp-am-Wv. Cu PKØp apgp-h\pw
krjvSn-°p-apºv Ak-Øn\p Xpeyw Bbn-cp-∂p.
Pohm-flmhpw {_“hpw {]Ir-Xn-bn¬ 4ebn®v
h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂p. H∂n-s‚bpw A`mhw C√m-bncp∂p. k¿∆w Jep F∂ hN\w Aºv Ipº-fØv, hn√p tN∏m´v Føm-\p≈ \mbcv ]¥-fØv
F∂p ]d-™-Xp-t]mse tN¿®-bn-√mØXmWv.
k¿hw JeznZw {_“ X÷em-\nXn im¥
D]m- k oX (Om- t µmKy 3. 14. 1) t\l
\m\mkvXn In©\ ( IT. D. 2. 4. 11.)
ico-c-Øn-ep≈ Ah-b-h-ßƒ ico-c-hp-ambn
tN¿∂n-cn-°p-tºmƒ Imcy-£-ahpw th¿s]-Sptºmƒ \njvIn-b-ß-fp-am-Ip-∂p. AXp-t]mse
kµ¿`-Øn\p tbmPn® hmIy-ßƒ am{Xta
A¿Y-kw-]p-jvSa
- m-Ip-∂p-≈q. Hcp {]I-cW
- Ø
- n¬
\ns∂-SpØv thsd h√ hmIy-hp-ambn Iqńt®¿Øm¬ Ah \nc¿∞-Iß
- f
- m-Ipw. C∏-d™
hN-\-Øns‚ A¿Yw CXmWv:˛ Pohm-flm-th,
\o {_“sØ D]m-kn-°p-I. GXp {_“-Øn¬
\n∂v PK-Øns‚ D¬∏-Øn, ÿnXn, BZn-bmb
Akv X nXzw kw`- h n- ° p- ∂ pthm GsXm∂p
krjvSn®v [mcWw sNbvI-bm¬ Cu PKØv
h¿Øn-°p-∂pthm Cu PKØv GXns‚ klN-cn-X-amtWm 5 B {_“sØ hn´v as‰m∂ns\ D]m-kn-°-cp-Xv. tNX-\m-am-{Xhpw AJWvUhpw GI-c-khpw Bb {_“-Øn¬ a‰p
]e hkvXp-°ƒ tbmPn-®n-cn-°p-∂n-√. Ahsb√mw AXm-Xns‚ kzcq-]-Øn¬ sht∆sd
Cuiz-c\
- m-Ip∂ GIm-[m-cØ
- n¬ h¿Øn-°p-∂p.
aq∂p Imc-W-ßƒ
tNmZyw:˛ PK- Ø n\v G{X Imc- W - ß ƒ
D≠v?
155
4. Bivtf-jn-®v.
5 {_“-Øns‚ kl-N-cn-Xw-˛-Iq-sS-bp-≈-Xv.
hn´p-am-dm-ØXv F∂¿Yw.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
DØcw:˛ aq∂v. H∂m-a-tØXp \nan-Øw,
c≠m-a-tØXv D]mZm-\w, aq∂m-a-tØXp km[mc-Ww. Bcv D≠m-°p-∂X
- p-sIm-≠v D≠m-hp-Ibpw
D≠m- ° m- X n- c p- ∂ m¬ D≠m- I m- X n- c n- ° p- I bpw
sNøp-∂pthm Abm-fmWv \nan-Ø-I m- c- W w.
kzbw D≠m-ImsX as‰m-∂ns\ D≠m-°p-∂Xv
F∂¿Yw. AXn-√msX H∂pw D≠m-Ip-∂n-√tbm
Ah-ÿm-¥cw {]m]n®v D≠m-hp-Ibpw hnL-Sn°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-tXtXm AXmWv D]m-Zm-\Im-c-Ww. km[m-cW ImcWw F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv
D≠m-°p-∂-Xn\v hgnbpw kmam\y e£y-hp-amIp-∂-Xn-s\-bm-Wv. \nan-Ø-Im-cWw c≠p hn[Øn-ep-≠v. krjvSn-bn-ep≈ ka-kvX-h-kvXp-°sfbpw D]m-Zm-\-Im-c-W-Øn¬ \n∂v D≠m-°pIbpw \ne- \ n¿Øp- I bpw \in- ∏ n- ° p- I bpw
{]h¿Øn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Cuiz-c-\mWv
G‰hpw apJy-amb BZn \nan-Ø-Im-cWw. c≠ma-tØ-Xv, Cuiz-cs‚ krjvSn-bn-ep≈ hkvXp°- f m¬ hnhn[ Imcym- ¥ - c - ß - f p- ≠ m- ° p∂
km[mcW \nan-Ø-Im-c-W-amb Pohm-flmhmWv.
kIe temI-ßt- fbpw \n¿Ωn-°p-hm-\p≈ kma{Kn- b mb {]Ir- X n- s b∂ ]c- a m- W p- ° - f mWv
D]mZm\ Imc-Ww. AtN-X\
- a
- mb AXn\v kzbw
D≠m-Ip-hmt\m \in-°p-hmt\m Ign-hn-√. AXv
as‰m-cmƒ D≠m-°n-bm¬ D≠m-hp-Ibpw \in∏n-®m¬ \in-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. Nnet∏mƒ
PU-\n-an-Ø-Øn¬ \n∂v PU-h-kvXp D≠m-hpIbpw C√m-Xm-hp-Ibpw sNøm-dp-≠v. Cuizc cNnX-amb hnØv aÆn¬hoWv Pew In´p-tºmƒ
apf®v ac-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. A·n apX-emb AtNX-\-h-kvXp-°ƒ \nanØw Ah \in-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p. F∂m¬ Ch-bpsS \nb-a]
- q¿h-Ia
- mb
\n¿Ωm-Whpw \mihpw Cuiz-c-s‚-tbm, Pohs‚tbm A[o-\-X-bn-em-Wv. Hcp hkvXp-hns‚
\n¿Ωm- W - Ø n¬ ⁄m\w, Z¿i- \ w, _ew
lkvXw apX-emb hnhn[ km[-\-ßfpw tZiw,
Imew, BImiw F∂n-hbpw km[m-cW ImcW-ß-fm-Wv. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v IpSw D≠m-°ptºmƒ Ipi-h≥ \nan-Ø-Im-c-W-hpw, aÆv D]mZm-\-\n-ImcWhpw, dm´v, N{Iw XpS-ßnb D]-Ic-W-ßƒ kmam-\y-\n-an-Øhpw tZiw, Imew,
BIm-iw, {]Imiw, IÆv, ssIøv, ⁄m\w,
{Inb F∂n-h-sb√mw km[m-cW \nan-Ø-Im-cWhpw BIp- ∂ p. Cu aq∂p Imc- W - ß ƒ
IqSmsX bmsXm-∂pw D≠m-hp-Itbm \in-°p-
Itbm C√.
Cuiz-c≥ PK-Øns‚
D]m-Zm-\hpw \nan-Ø-hptam?
tNmZyw:˛ \ho\ thZm¥nIƒ Cuiz-cs\
PK-Øns‚ \nan-Ø-Im-c-W-ambpw D]m-Zm-\-Imc-W-ambpw KWn-°p-∂p-≠-t√m.
btYmcvÆ-\m`n krPtX KrlvWtX N (apWvU. 1. 1. 7) CXv D]-\n-j-Zz-N-\-am-Wv. Nne¥n
]pd-ta-\n∂p bmsXmcp ]Zm¿∞hpw FSp-°msX, Xs‚ ico-c-Øn¬ \n∂p \n¿§-fn-°p∂
\q¬ sIm≠p he-bp-≠m-°n, AXn¬ kzbw
Ifn®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse {_“hpw
X∂n¬ Xs∂ PK-Øns\ krjvSn®v kzbw
PK-’z-cq-]-\mbn {IoUn®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-Ibm-Wv. ""Rm≥ At\I hn[-Øn-ep-≈-h≥-˛-PK- Z m- I m- c ≥˛ Bbn- Ø ocpw'' F∂n- ß s\
C—n®v B {_“w Xs∂ tIhew k¶-ev]wsIm-≠p-am{Xw k¿h-P-K-’z-cq-]-\mbn ]cn-Wan-°p-I-bmWp sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬:˛
BZm-ht¥ N b∂mkvXn h¿Ø-amt\]nfXØYm.2 amWvUq-Iy-Im-cn-I-bm-Wn-Xv. apºv D≠mIm-ØXpw HSp-hn¬ C√m-Ø-Xp-amb hkvXp
h¿Ø-am-\-Ønepw C√m-Ø-Xm-Wv. krjvSnbpsS BZnbn¬ PKØv D≠m- b n- c p- ∂ n- √ .
{_“w D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-Xm-\pw. {]f-b-Øns‚
Ah-km-\-Øn¬ temIw \ne-\n-ev°p-I-bn-√,
{_“w am{Xta tijn-°p-I-bp-≈q. At∏mƒ
h¿Ø- a m- \ - I m- e - Ø n¬ PKØp apgp- h \pw
F¥p-sIm≠p {_“-a√?
DØcw:˛ \nßƒ ]d-bp-∂-{]-Imcw {_“w
PK-Øns‚ D]m-Zm-\-Im-c-W-am-sW-¶n¬, AXv
]cn-Wm-ah
- n-t[-bhpw Ah-ÿm-¥c
- a
- p-≈X
- pw, am‰Øn\p hnt[-bhpw BsW∂p hcpw. IqSmsX
D]m-Zm-\-Im-c-W-Øns‚ KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ßƒ
Imcy-Ønepw h∂p-Iq-Spw. Imc-WK
- p-W]
- q¿hIx
Imcy-KptWm ZrjvS (ssh. Z. 2. 1. 24) D]m-Zm\- I m- c - W - Ø ns‚ KpW- ß ƒ°p kZr- i - a mb
KpW-ßƒ Imcy-Ønepw D≠m-Ipw. {_“w k®nZm-\-µ-kz-cq-]-am-Wv. PKØp Imcy-cq-]-am-I-bm¬
AkØpw PUhpw B\-µ-c-ln-Xhpw BWv.
{_“w P\n-°m-ØX
- m-Wv. PKØv D≠m-bX
- m-Wv.
{_“w AZr- i yhpw PKØv Zriy- h p- a m- W v .
{_“w AJ-WvUhpw PKØv JWvU-hp-am-Wv.
]rYnhn XpS-ßnb Imcy-ß-sf√mw {_“-Øn¬
\n∂v D≠m-b-Xm-sW-¶n¬ Ah-bn-ep≈ PU-
156
F´mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
XzmZn KpW-ßƒ {_“-Ønepw D≠m-Ipw. Ah
AtN-X-\- am-b n-c n-°p-∂-Xp-t ]mse {_“hpw
AtN-X-\-am-sW∂p hcpw. Cizc≥ tNX-\-amI-bm¬ ]rYn-hym-Zn-Ifpw tNX-\a
- m-sW-∂p hcpw.
Nne-¥n-bpsS DZm-l-cWw \nß-fpsS aXsØ
km[q- I - c n- ° p- ∂ - X n\p ]I- c w, JWv U n- ° pIbmWp sNøp- ∂ - X v . PU- c q- ] - a mb icocw
\qens‚ D]m-Zm\ Imc-W-am-Wv. Pohm-flmhv
\nan-Ø-Im-c-Whpw AXpw Cuiz-cs‚ A¤p-XI-c-amb krjvSn-bpsS al-Xz-am-Wv. as‰mcp icoc-Øn¬ \n∂pw \qep≠m°m≥ Pohm-flm-hn\p
km[n-°p-∂n-√. AXp-t]mse Xs∂, hym]-Iamb {_“w X∂n-ep-≈Xpw hym]y-hp-amb {]IrXn, ]c-am-Wp-°ƒ F∂o Imc-W-ß-fn¬ \n∂p
ÿqe-PK
- Ø
- ns\ krjvSn®v _mly-ambn ÿqeam-°n-bn´v kzbw km£n-bmbn AXn-seßpw
\nd-™p-\n∂v B\-µ-a-b-ambn h¿Øn-°p-∂p.
""Rm≥ kIe PK-Øn-t\bpw krjvSn®p {]kn-≤-\mIpw'' F∂n-ßs\ Cuiz-c≥ Cu£Ww
sNbvXm¬ AXm-bXv B{K-ln-°p-I-tbm, Z¿in°p-Itbm, hnNm-cn-°p-I-tbm, Iman-°p-Itbm
sNbvXn-´p-s≠-¶n¬ AXns‚ Xmev]c
- y-an-XmWv:˛
PKØv D≠m-Ip-tºmƒ am{Xta Pohm-flm-°fpsS hnNm-cw, ⁄m\w, [ym\w, D]-tZ-iw,
{ihWw F∂n-bm¬ Cuiz-c≥ {]kn-≤-\m-hpIbpw At\Iw ÿqe-]-Zm¿∞-ß-tfm-Sp-IqSn
h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-≈q. {]f-bm-h-ÿbn¬ Cuiz-c\pw ap‡-cmb Pohm-flm-°-fp-a√msX a‰mcpw {_“sØ Adn-bp-∂n-√. AXn\m¬ Cu Imcn-I(-{`-a-P-\y-am-Wv. krjvSn-°papºp≈ {]f-b-Im-eØv PKØv D≠m-bn-cp-∂n√.
krjvSn-bpsS Ah-km-\-Øn¬, AXm-bXv {]fb-Øns‚ Bcw`w apX¬ ASpØ krjvSn
D≠m-Ip-∂-Xp-hsc PK-Øns‚ ImcWw kq£vaambn A{]-kn-≤-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
Xa Bko-Ø-akm Kqƒl-at{K (E. 10. 129.
3) Bko-ZnZw Xtam `qX-a{- ]-⁄m-Xa
- e
- £
- Ww
A{]- X cv I ya hnt⁄bw {]kp- ] v X - a nh
kcvhX (a-\p. 1. 5)
Cu PKØp apgp-h\pw krjv-Sn°papºsØ
{]f-b-Øn¬ A‘-Im-c-Øm¬ Bhr-X(-B-—mZn-X)-am-bn-cp-∂p. {]f-bm-cw-`-ti-jhpw Aß-s\X-s∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw. B ka-bØv CXm-cp-sSbpw
Adn-hn-tem, `mh-\-bntem sIm≠p-h-cmt\m
C{µn-b-th--Z-y-am-Imt\m X°-hÆw, kv]jvv-S-amb
Nn”-ß-tfmSp IqSn-bXpw Bbn-cp-∂n-√. BhpI-bp-an-√. h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Øn¬ am{Xta PKØns\ Adn-bm≥ Ign-bq. kv]jvS-amb AS-bmf-ßt- fm-Sp-IqSn Adn-bm-dm-hp-tºmƒ am{Xta D≈Xp-t]mse Adn-bm≥ Ign-bp-Ib
- p-≈q. AXn-\m¬
ImcnIm cN-bn-Xmhv h¿Ø-am-\-Ønepw PKØn\v A`mhw Ds≠∂p ]d-™Xv Xo¿Øpw
A{]mam-Wn-IamWv. kq£va-ambn Adn-bp-∂bmƒ {]am-W-ßƒ aptJ\ Adn-bp--∂Xpw {]m]n°p-∂-Xpw Hcn-°epw hn]-coX hn[-Øn-em-Im≥
hgn-bn-√.
krjvSn--bpsS {]tbm-P\w
tNmZyw:˛ PK- Ø ns\ \n¿Ωn- ° p- ∂ - X psIm≠v Cuiz-c\v F¥mWv {]tbm-P\w?
DØcw:˛ \n¿Ωn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v
F¥mWp {]tbm-P\w?
tNmZyw:˛ PK-Øns\ \n¿Ωn-°m-Xn-cp-∂m¬
Cuiz-c\v B\-µ-Øn¬ \na-·-\m-Imw. Pohmflm-°ƒ°p kpJ-Zpx-J-ßƒ D≠m-hp-I-bpan√.
DØcw:˛ Ae-kcpw Zcn-{Z-cp-amb Bfp-Itf
Cßs\ ]d-bq. ]pcp-jm¿Yn-Iƒ ]d-bp-I-bn-√.{]f-bm-h-k-c-Øn¬ Pohm-flm-°ƒ°v kpJtam
ZpxJtam? krjvSn-bnse kpJ-Zpx-J-ßsf XmcXayw sNbv-Xp-t\m-°n-bm¬ kpJw ZpxJ-tØ°mƒ F{Xtbm aSßv A[n-I-amWv F∂p
ImWmw. krjvSn-bp-f-f-t∏mƒ At\Iw ]cn--ip≤-cmb Pohm-flm-°ƒ tamt£m-]m-bß
- ƒ km[\-sNbvXv tam£-Øns‚ B\µw t\Sp-∂p.
sIm≈-cp-Xm-Ø-h¿ kZm Dd-ßn-°n-S-°p-∂-Xpt]mse {]f-b-Øn¬ Pohm-fl-°ƒ \njv{In-bcm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]q¿h-kr-jvSn-bnse Pohm-flm°ƒ°p ]pWy-]m-]-I¿a-ß-fpsS êw sImSp°p-hm≥ Cuiz-c\v Fßs\ Ignbpw? Pohm-flm°ƒ AsX- ß s\ A\p- ` - h n°pw? IÆp
sIms≠¥p {]-tbm-P\w F∂ tNmZy-Øn\v
ImgvN F∂t√ DØcw ]dbq? AXp-t]m-se,
PK-Xvkr-jvSn-°p≈ ⁄m\w, _ew, {Inbmi‡n F∂nh Cuiz-c-\p-≈-Xp-sIm≠v PKXv\n¿am-W-a-√msX as‰¥p {]tbm-P\w? thsd
{]tbm-P-\-ap-s≠∂p ]d-bp-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn√t√m? IqSmsX Cuiz-cs‚ \ymbw, Zb apXemb KpW-ßƒ krjvSn-bnse km¿Y-I-am-hpI-bp-≈q. Cuiz-cs‚ A\-¥a
- mb kma¿Yyw PK-
157
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Øns‚ krjvSn ÿnXn {]f-b-ß-fpsS \n¿hl-W-Øn-eqsS am{Xta k^-e-am-hq. IÆns‚
kzm`m-hnI KpW-amWv ImgvN. AXp-t]mse
Cuiz- c s‚ kzm`m- h n- I - K pWw PK- Ø ns\
krjvSn®v Pohm-flm-°ƒs°√mw AkwJyw
]Zm¿Y-ßƒ \evIn ]tcm-]-Imcw sNøp-I-bt{X.
tNmZyw:˛ hntØm actam BZyw D≠m-bXv?
DØcw:˛ hnØm-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ hnØv,
tlXp, \nZm-\w, \nan-Øw, ImcWw apX-emb
]Z- ß - s f√mw Htc A¿YsØ Ipdn- ° p- ∂ p.
hnØv F∂Xp Imc-W-Øns‚ as‰mcp ]cymbw
am{Xw. AXn-\m¬ AXp Imcy-Øn\p apºp
Xs∂ D≠m-I-Ww.
tNmZyw:˛ k¿h-i-‡n-am-\m-I-bm¬ Cuizc\v Imc- W - ß - t fbpw Pohm- fl m- ° - t fbpw
DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. Ign-bp-I-bn-s√¶n¬ k¿h-i-‡n-am-\m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√.
DØcw:˛ k¿h- i - ‡ n- a m≥ F∂- X ns‚
A¿Yw apºv Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. Akw-`-h-amb
Imcy-ßƒ IqSn-sN-øp-∂-XmtWm k¿h-i-‡nam≥ F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xn\p ImcWw? ImcWw
IqSmsX Imcyw \n¿an-°pI apX-emb Akw`h IrXy-ßƒ \S-Øp-hm≥ Hcmƒ°p Ign-bpsa-¶n¬ bmsXmcp Imc-Whpw IqSmsX as‰mcp
Cuiz- c s\ krjv S n- ° p- h m- t \m, Bfl- l Xy
sNøm-t\m, ZpxJn-X-\m-Ip-hmt\m A\ym-b-Imcnbpw A]-cn-ip-≤\pw Zpcm-N-cnbpw Bbn-Øocp-hmt\m i‡-\m-Iptam C√tbm? A·n-bpsS
NqSv, sh≈-Øns‚ XWp∏v apX-emb kzm`m-hnI-\n-b-a-ßsf am‰p-hm\pw ]rYn-hymZn PU-hkvXp-°sf hn]-co-X-Kp-W-ap-≈-h-bm-°p-hm\pw
Cuiz-c-\p-IqSn Ign-bp-I-bn-√. Cuiz-cs‚ \nba-ßƒ kXyhpw ]q¿W-hp-am-I-bm¬ Ah ]cnh¿Ø\w sNøm≥ km[y-a-√. AXn-\m¬ k¿hi-‡n-am≥ F∂-Xns‚ A¿Yw a‰m-cp-sSbpw
klmbw IqSmsX kz¥w Imcy-ßƒ ]q¿Wambn sNøp-hm≥ i‡≥ F∂m-Wv.
\ncm-Im-c≥˛ kmIm-c-\√
tNmZyw:˛ Cuiz-c≥ kmIm-ct\m \ncm-Imct\m? \ncm-Im-c-\m-sW-¶n¬ ssIøpw a‰v D]I-c-W-ß-sfm∂pw C√m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠v PKXv
krjvSn km[y-ta-b-√. kmIm-c-\m-sW-¶n¬
Cu tZmj-an-√.
DØcw:˛ Cuiz- c ≥ \ncm- I m- c - \ m- I p- ∂ p.
kmIm-c≥ AXm-bXv ico-c-ap-≈-h≥ BsW¶n¬ AXv Cuiz-c-\-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ ico-c-ap≈-h\v i‡n-bn¬ ]cn-an-Xnbpw tZiw, Imew
F∂n-h-bn¬ ]cn-—n-∂-X-bpw, hni-∏v, Zmlw
tOZ\w, t`Z\w, iotXm-jvWw-Pzcw ]oU apXem-b-hbpw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. Aß-s\-bp-≈-Xn¬
Pohs‚ KpW-ß-f-√msX Cuiz-cs‚ KpW-ßsfm∂pw Hcn-°epw tNcp-I-bn-√. kmIm-c-cm-b˛
AYhm ico-c-ap-≈-h-cmb \mw˛ {Xk-tcWp
AWp ]c-amWp {]IrXn F∂n-hsb kzm[o-\am-°p-hm≥ i‡-cm-Im-Ø-Xp-t]mse ÿqe-tZl-ap≈ Cuiz-c\pw B kq£va-]-Zm¿∞-ßfn¬ \n∂v ÿqe-P-K-Øns\ krjvSn-°p-hm≥
i‡- \ m- h p- I - b n- √ . ùXnI C{µn- b - ß fpw
ssIIm-ep-Iƒ apX-emb Ah-b-h-ßfpw Cs√¶nepw Af-h‰ _e-]-cm-{I-a-ß-fp≈ Cu-iz-c≥
Ah-tb-s°m≠v Pohm-flm-hn\pw {]Ir-Xn°pw
Ai-Iy-amb kIe I¿a-ßfpw sNøp-hm≥
i‡-\m-Ip-∂p. {]Ir-Xn-tb-°mƒ kq£va-X-c\mbn {]Ir-Xn-bn-seßpw hym]n®v h¿Øn®v
{]Ir-Xnsb PK-Øns‚ BIr-Xn-bn-em-°p-IbmWv Cuiz-c≥ sNøp-∂-Xv.
tNmZyw:˛ a\pjy-cp-tSbpw a‰pw A—-\-Ωam¿ BIm-c-ap-≈-h-cm-Wv. Ah-cpsS k¥m-\ßfpw kmIm-c-cm-Wv. Ah¿ \ncm-Im-c-cm-sW¶n¬ Ah-cpsS a°fpw \ncm-Im-c-cm-bn-cn-°pw.
AXp-t]mse Cuiz-c≥ \ncm-Im-c-\m-sW-¶n¬
Cuiz-c≥ krjvSn® PKØpw \ncm-Im-c-am-bncn-°-Ww.
DØcw:˛ Cu kwibw Hcp Ip™n-t‚-Xp-t]mep-≠v. Cuiz-c≥ PK-Øns‚ D]m-Zm-\I
- m-cW
- a
- √
\nan-Ø-Im-c-W-am-sW∂v Ct∏mƒ ]d-™-tX-bp≈q. ÿqe-cq-]-Øn-ep≈ {]Ir-Xnbpw ]c-am-Wp°-fp-amWv PK-Øns‚ D]m-Zm-\-Im-c-Ww. Ah
Xo¿Øpw \ncm-Im-c-ß-f-√. Ah Cuiz-c-t\°mƒ ÿqehpw a‰p≈ Imcy-hk
- vXp-°t- f-°mƒ
kq£va-hp-am-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ ImcWw IqSmsX Imcyw krjvSn°p-hm≥ Cuiz-c\p Ign-hnt√?
DØcw:˛ C√. Fs¥-∂m¬, A`m-h-Øns‚
`mhw˛ C√m-ØX
- v, D≠m-hpI F∂-Xv˛ Xo¿Øpw
Akw-`-h-am-Wv. h‘y-bpsS ]p{X\pw thsdmcp
h‘y-bpsS ]p{Xnbpw XΩn¬ hnhmlw sNøp∂Xp Rm≥ I≠p. Ah¿ a\p-jys‚ sImºp-
158
F´mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
sIm-≠p-≠m-°nb Hcp hn√p ]nSn-®n-cp-∂p. Ah¿
c≠p- t ]cpw BIm- i - ] pjv ] w sIm≠p≈
ameIƒ [cn-®n-cp-∂p. Ah¿ Ccp-hcpw K‘¿h\-K-c-Øn¬ ]m¿°p-Ibpw Im\¬ Pe-Øn¬
Ipfn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B K‘¿h-\-K-c-Øn¬
taL- a n- √ msX Xs∂ agbpw aÆp- I q- S msX
Xs∂ kI-e-k-ky-hn-f-Ifpw a‰pw D≠m-bncp∂p'' F∂p-]-d-bp-tºm-se-tb-bp-≈q. ImcWw
IqSmsX Imcyw D≠mbn F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xpw,
""aa amXm-]n-Xcu \kvtXm-l-tah PmXx aa
aptJ Pnlzm \mkv X n- h - Z man N'' F\n°v
A—\pw AΩbpw C√. Rm≥ Cß-s\-b-ßp≠m-bn. F\n°p \mhn-s√-¶nepw Rm≥ kwkmcn-°p-∂p. amf-Øn¬ ]mºv C√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw
]pdØp h∂p. Rm\pw Chcpw Hcn-SØpw D≠mbn-cp-∂n-√. F¶nepw Rß-fnßp h∂p. C{]Im-c-ap≈ \S-°mØ Imcy-ßƒ D∑-Ø-KoXw
AYhm {`m¥p ]d-b-em-Wv.
Imc-W-Øn\p Imc-W-an-√.
tNmZyw:˛ ImcWw IqSmsX Imcyw D≠mhp- I - b n- s √- ¶ n¬ Imc- W - Ø ns‚ Imcyw
F¥mWv?
DØcw:˛ tIhew Imc-W-cq]w am{X-am-bh
as‰m-∂n-s‚bpw Imcy-am-Ip-∂n-√. H∂ns‚ ImcWhpw thsdm-∂ns‚ Imcyhpw BIp-∂h as‰mcn-\a
- mbn 6 Adn-bs
- ∏-Sp-∂p. ]rYnhn Krlw apXem-b-h-bpsS Imc-Whpw Pew apX-em-b-h-bpsS
Imcy-hp-am-Wv. F∂m¬ aqe-Im-c-W-amb {]IrXn°v thsd Imc-W-an-√. AXv A\m-Zn-bm-Wv.
aqte aqem-`m-hm-Z-aqew (kmw-Jy. 1. 67)
thcn\v thcv AXm-bXp Imc-W-Øn\p ImcWw
C√. AXn-\m¬ Imc-W-an-√m-ØXv F√m Imcyß-fp-tSbpw Imc-Wa
- m-Ip-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ GsX¶nepw Hcp Imcyw D≠m-Ip-∂X
- n\p apºv AXn\p
aq∂p Imc-W-ßƒ Ahiyw thWw. hkv{Xw
s\øp-∂-Xn\v s\bvØp-Im-c≥, \q¬, Xdn-b-{¥ßƒ apX-em-bh thWw. AXp-t]mse PKØns‚ DXv]-Øn-°p-apºv Cuiz-c≥, {]Ir-Xn,
Imew, BIm-iw, Pohm-flm-°ƒ F∂n-hs
- b√mw
A\m-Zn-bmbn Ds≠-¶nte PK-Øns‚ DXv]Øn
D≠m-hp-Ib
- p-≈q. Ch-bn¬ GsX-¶nepw H∂ns‚
A`m-h-Øn¬ PKØv D≠m-hp-I-bn-√.
A{X \mkvXnIm Blpx:˛ \mkvXn-I¿ ]dbp-∂p.
1. iq\yw XXzw `mthmf ]n hn\-iyXn
hkvXp [cva-Xzm-Zzn-\m-i-ky 7 (kmw-Jyw)
2. A`m-hm-Xv`m-thm-Xv]-Øncv\m-\p-]-arZy
{]mZpcv`m-hmXv.
3. Cuizcx ImcWw ]pcp-jI
- cvamêy-Zcvi\mXv.
4. A\n-an-ØtXm `mthm-Xv]Ønx I≠-IssX-£vWymZn Zcvi\mXv.
5. kcvh-a-\n-Xy-ap-Xv]Øn hn\m-i-[-¿-a-IXzmXv
6. kcvhw \nXyw ]©-`q-X-\n-Xy-Xzm-Xv.
7. kcvhw ]rYKv `mh-e-£W ]rY-‡zmXv
8. kcvh-a-`mthm `mth-jzn-X-tc-X-cm-`mh
knt≤x (\ym-b. 4. 1) 8
\mkvXn-I¿ ]d-bp∂p:˛
(1˛mw \mkv X n- I ≥) iq\yw Fs∂mcp
]Zm¿∞-ta-bp-≈q. krjvSn-°p-apºv iq\y-ambn-cp-∂p. krjvSn°p tijhpw iq\yta D≠mhq. Fs¥-∂m¬ Ct∏m-gp≈ `mhw ˛A-Yhm
h¿Ø- a m- \ - Ø n- e p≈ hkv X p˛ C√m- X m- I ptºmƒ iq\y-Xtb tijn-°q.
DØcw:˛ BImiw AZr-iy-am-bn-´p-≈-Xv. Hgn™n-Sw, _nµp F∂n-h-bvs°√mw iq\y-sa∂p
]d-bp-∂p. iq\yw AtN-X-\-h-kvXp-hm-Wv. Cu
iq\y-Øn¬ F√m ]Zm¿Y-ßfpw AZriy-am-Wv.
Hcp _nµp-hn¬ \n∂p tcJbpw ]e-tc-J-I-sfs°m≠v hrØm-Im-chpw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xp-t]mse
`qan, ]¿h-Xw, apX-em-bh
- s
- b√mw Cuiz-cs‚ cN\-bn¬ \n∂p-≠m-Ip-∂p. IqSmsX iq\ysØ
Adn-bp-∂-h≥ iq\y-\m-bn-cn-°p-I-bp-an-√.
c≠mw \mkvXn- I ≥:˛ A`m- h - Ø n¬
\n∂mWv `mhw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. hnØns\ hnIkn- ∏ n- ° msX apf D≠m- I p- ∂ n- √ . hnØp
]nf¿∂p-t\m-°n-bm¬ AXn¬ apf ImWp-∂n√. A¶pcw ImWm-ØX
- p-sIm≠v A`m-hØ
- n¬
\n∂mWv `mhw D≠m-Ip-∂-sX∂p hcp-∂p.
DØcw:˛ _oPsØ hnI-kn-∏n-°p-∂tXtXm
AXv BZyw Xs∂ _oP-Øn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
8. \ymb-Z¿i\w 4˛mw A[ymbw B”nIw 1.
kq{X-ßƒ 14, 19, 22, 25, 29, 34, 37, 39
6 {]IrXn ˛ hnIrXn F∂¿Yw
7 kq{Xw 1.44
159
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
As√-¶n¬ Hcn-°epw apf-bv°p-I-bn-√.
I¿a-êw
aq∂mw \mkvXn-I≥:˛ I¿aw sNøp-∂-XpsIm≠v êw Hcp-h\v In´p-∂n-√. F{Xtbm
I¿a-ßƒ \njv^-e-ambn ImWp-∂p≠v AXn\m¬ I¿a-ê
- {- ]m]vXn Cuiz-cm-[o-\a
- m-sW∂v
A\p- a m- \ n- ° mw. GXp I¿a- Ø ns‚ êw
sImSp-°-W-sa∂v Cuiz-c\p tXm∂p-∂pthm
AXns‚ êw am{Xw \¬Ip- ∂ p.
sImSp°m\njvS-an-√mØ I¿a-Øns‚ êw
sImSp-°p-∂n-√. AXn-\m¬ I¿a-êw Cuizcm-[o-\-am-Wv.
DØcw:˛ I¿a-êw Cuiz-cm-[o-\-am-sW¶n¬ I¿aw sNømsX Xs∂ Cuiz-c≥ F¥psIm≠p êw \¬Ip-∂n√? AXp-sIm≠v F¥pI¿a-amtWm a\p-jy¿ sNøp-∂Xv AXns‚ êamWv Cuiz-c≥ sImSp-°p-∂X
- v. AXn-\m¬ kzX{¥-\mbn ˛ tkz—m-]q¿hw˛ Cuiz-c≥ I¿a-êw
sImSp-°p-∂n-√. Poh≥ sNøp∂ I¿a-ßƒ°\p-k-cn®v Cuiz-c≥ êw \¬Ip-∂p.
\memw \mkvXn-I≥:˛ ImcWw IqSmsI
]Zm¿Yßƒ D≠m- I p- ∂ p. ap≈n- e hp
t]mep≈ Nne ac-ßƒ°v BWn-t]m-ep≈
ap≈p-I-fp-≠v. 9 krjvSn-bpsS Bcw`w D≠mIp-tºm-sg√mw ico-cm-Zn-h-kvXp-°ƒ ImcWw
IqSmsX D≠m- I p- ∂ p- s h∂v CXn¬ \n∂p
{Kln-°mw.
DØcw:˛GXn¬ \n∂mtWm Hcp hkvXphns‚ DXv]-Øn. AXmWv AXns‚ Imc-Ww.
ap≈n-e-hn-e-√msX ap≈p-≠m-Im-Ø-sX-¥p-sIm≠mWv?
A©mw \mkvXn-I≥:˛ kI-e-h-kvXp-°fpw
DXv]-Ønbpw hn\m-ihpw D≈h-bm-Wv. AXn\m¬ F√mw A\n-Xy-am-Ip-∂p.
t«mIm¿t≤\ {]h-£yman bZp‡w {KŸtIm- S n`nx {_“- k Xyw PK- ∑ nYym Pothm
{_“-ssah\m]cx
GtXm {KŸ-Øn-ep-≈-XmWv Cu
9. CXn\v I¿a-êw Imc-W-am-Ip-∂n-s√-∂¿Yw.
10. AjvSm-h{I KoX t«mIw 5.
i¶-cm-Nm-cy-cp-tS-sX∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂ {_“-\m-am-h-enkvtXm{Xw t«mIw 20¬ ""{_“ kXyw PK-∑n-Yym
Pothm {_“-ssah\m]cx.'' F∂p ]mTw.
t«mIw. 10 C°m-esØ thZm-¥n-Iƒ A©masØ \mkvXn-Is‚ Iq´-Øn¬ s]Spw Fs¥∂m¬ Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv:˛ {_“w kXyhpw
PKØv anYybpw BWv. Poh\pw {_“hpw
XΩn¬ t`Z-an-√. At\-I-tImSn {KŸ-ß-fpsS
kn≤m-¥-am-Wn-sX-∂-t{X.
DØcw:˛ F√m ]Zm¿Y-ß-fp-sSbpw A\nXyX \nXy-am-sW-¶n¬ F√mw A\n-Xy-am-Im≥
hgn-bn-√.
tNmZyw:˛ F√m-Øn-s‚bpw A\n-Xy-Xbpw
A\n- X y- a m- W v . A·n hnd- I ns\ Fcn- ® n´v
kzbw sI´p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xp-t]m-se. 11
DØcw:˛ {]Xy-£-ambn ImWm≥ In´p∂
hkv X p h¿Ø- a m- \ - I m- e - Ø n¬ A\n- X y- a msW∂pw ]c-a-kq-£va-amb ImcWw \nXy-as√∂pw Hcn-°epw ]d-™p-Iq-Sm. PK-Øns‚
D¬]Øn {_“-Øn¬ \n∂m-sW∂p thZm-¥nIƒ hniz-kn-°p∂ ]£w {_“w kXy-am-bXp-sIm≠v AXn¬ \n∂p-≠m-Ip∂ Imcyw Hcn°epw anYy-bm-hp-I-bn-√. kz]v\w-t]m-sebpw
Ib-dn¬ k¿∏w t]msebpw shdpw k¶-ev]-amsW∂p ]d-bp-∂Xpw bp‡n-°p-\n-c-°p-∂-X-√.
Fs¥-∂m¬ k¶ev]w KpW-am-Wv. KpW-Øn¬
\n∂p {Zhyw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. KpWw {Zhy-Øn¬
\n∂p-th-dn-Sp-Ib
- p-an-√. k¶-ev]Ø
-- ns‚ I¿Ømhv
\nXy-\m-sW-¶n¬ k¶-ev]hpw \nXy-am-bn-cn-°Ww. As√-¶n¬ k¶-ev]-Øns‚ I¿Ømhpw
A\n- X y- \ m- sW∂p [cn- ° p- I . ImWp- I tbm
tIƒ°p-Itbm sNøm-ØXv Hcn-°epw kz]v\Øn¬ hcn-I-bn-√. Pm{K-X-h-ÿ-bn¬-˛-A-Yhm
h¿Ø- a m- \ - I m- e Øv km£m- X v _ - ‘ - Ø m¬
kXy-h-kvXp-°-fpsS {]Xy-£-⁄m\w D≠m-bXn-\p-tijw Ah-bpsS kwkvIm-cw˛ hmk-\mcq-]Ø
- n-ep≈ ⁄m\w˛ Bflm-hn¬ ]Xn-bp-∂p.
kz]v\-Øn¬ Ah A{]-Xy-£-am-Ip-∂p. kpjp]vXn-bn¬ _mly-]-Zm¿∞-ß-fpsS ⁄m\w
Cs√-¶nepw Ah-bpsS kØ C√m-Xm-hp-∂n-√.
AXp-t]mse {]f-bI
- m-eØpw Imc-W{- Zhyw \ne\n¬°p-∂p. kwkvImcw IqSmsX kz]v\w D≠mIp-sa-¶n¬ P∑\m A‘\pw cq]w kz]v\w
ImWpw. AXn-\m¬ kz]v\-Øn¬ hkvXp-kw_-‘-amb PvRm\w am{X-ta-bp-≈q. F√mw
At∏mgpw _lnx-ÿn-X-am-Wv.
11. \ A\n-XyXm \nXy-XzmXv (\ymbw 4.1.26)
160
F´mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
tNmZyw:˛ Pm{K-Zh
- ÿ
- b
- n-ep≈ ]Zm¿Y-ßƒ
kz]v\-Øn-epw, c≠-h-ÿ-bn-ep-ap≈Xv kpjp]vXn-bn-epw, A\n-Xy-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p-≠-t√m.
AXp-t]mse Pm{K-Z-h-ÿ-bn¬ Adn-bp-∂hbpw kz]v\-Xp-ey-ß-fmbn hnNm-cn-°-Ww.
DØcw:˛ AXp km[y-ta-b-√. Fs¥-∂m¬,
kz]v\-Ønepw kp£p-]vXn-bpepw _mly-]Zm¿Y- ß - f psS A⁄m\w am{Xta D≈q,
A`mhw C√. Hcm-fns‚ ]n≥`m-KØv Ccn-°p-∂
At\Iw hkvXp-°ƒ Ah≥ ImWm- Ø- XpsIm≠v Ah- b psS A`mhw D≠m- I p- ∂ n- √ .
kz]v\-kp-£p-]vXn-I-fnse Ah-ÿbpw CXp-Xs∂. AXn-\m¬ apºp ]d™p h∂-t]mse
{_“w, Poh≥, PK-Øns‚ ImcWw F∂nh
\nXy-am-sW-∂-Xp-X-s∂-bmWv kXyw.
Bdmw \mkvXn-I≥:˛ ]©-`q-X-ßƒ \nXyß-fm-I-bm¬ PK-Øp-ap-gp-h\pw \nXy-am-Wv.
DØcw:˛ CXp icn- b - √ . Fs¥- ∂ m¬
D¬]Øn hn\m-iß
- ƒ°p≈ ImcWw ImWm≥
Ign-bp-∂-sX√mw \nXy-ß-fm-Ip-sa-¶n¬ ÿqeP-K-Øpw, ÿqe-i-co-cw, IpShpw ap≠pw F∂nh-bvs°√mw Dev]Øn hn\m-i-ß-fp-≈-Xm-Ibm¬ Ah-sb√mw \nXy-ß-fm-bn-Øo-cpw. AXn\m¬ Imcy-ßƒ°p \nXyXzw kzoIm-cy-a-√.
Ggmw \mkvXn-I≥:˛ kI-e-]-Zm¿Yßfpw
sht∆-sd-bm-Wv. GI-hkvXp H∂p-an-√. \mw
ImWp∂ hkv X p- ° - f n- s em- ∂ nepw as‰mcp
hkvXp ImWp-∂-tX-bn-√.
DØcw:˛ Ah-b-h-ß-fnse Ah-b-hn, h¿Øam-\-Im-ew, BIm-iw, Cuiz-c≥ F∂nh sht∆sd-bp≈ ]Zm¿Y-k-aq-l-ß-fn¬ H∂m-Wv. Ahb-√msX thsd H∂p-an-√. AXn-\m¬ Hmtcm∂pw
thsd-b-√. cq]-Øn¬ Ah sht∆-sd-bm-sW¶nepw sht∆-sd-bp≈ ]Zm¿Y-ß-fn¬ Hcp GIh-kvXp-Iq-Sn-bp≠v.
F´mw \mkvXn-I≥:˛ kI-e]
- Z- m¿Y-ßf
- nepw
At\ym-\y-`mhw D≈-Xp-sIm≠v k¿hhpw
A`m-hc
- q-]a
- m-Wv. ""A\tizm Kux AKu-cizx''
F∂v DZm-l-c-W-w. Imf IpXnc-b-√. IpXnc
Imf-b-√. AXn-\m¬ F√mw A`m-h-cq-]-sa∂p
Icp-X-Ww.
DØcw:˛ kI-e-]-Zm¿Y-ß-fnepw At\ym-\y`mhw D≠m-bmepw ""Khn Ku Atiz Atizm
`mh-cq-t]m-hcvØX Gh'' Imf-bn¬ Imfbpw
IpXn- c - b n¬ IpXn- c bpw `mh- c q- ] - Ø n- e p- ≠ v .
A`mhw Hcn-°epw hcn-I-bn-√. ]Zm¿Y-ßƒ°v
`mhta Cs√-¶n¬ At\ym-\y-`mhw F∂p-]-dbp-∂Xp Xs∂ F¥n-t\-∏-‰n-bmWv?
H≥]Xmw \mkvXn- I ≥:˛ PK- Ø ns‚
Dev]Øn kzm`m-hn-I-am-Wv. sh≈hpw tNmdpw
tN¿Øp-h-®n-cp-∂m¬ No™v AXn¬ ]pgp-°fp-≠m-hpw. hnØpw hfhpw aÆpw tN¿∂v
]p√pw achpw I√p-Ifpw D≠m-Ip-∂p. IS-epw,
Im‰pw tN¿∂v Xnc-am-ebpw Xnc-am-e-bn¬
\n∂p IS¬\p-cbpw D≠m-Ip-∂p. a™fpw
NpÆmºpw \mc-ßm-\ocpw IqSn tN¿∂m¬
knµq-c-ap-≠m-Ipw. PK-Øp-ap-gp-h\pw AXpt]mse ]Zm¿Y-ß-fpsS kzm`m-hnI KpWßƒsIm≠v D≠m-b-Xm-Wv. AXn\v \n¿am-Xmhn-√.
DØcw:˛ PK-Øns‚ D¬]Øn kzm`m-hn-Iam-sW-¶n¬ AsXm-cn-°epw \in-°p-I-bn-√.
kz`mhw sIm≠p-Xs∂ hn\m-ihpw kw`-hn-°psa-¶n¬ Dev]-Øntb D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. Dev]-Ønhn-\m-i-ßƒ c≠pw {Zhy-ß-fn¬ kzm`m-hn-Iambn Hcp-t]m-se-bp-≈X
- mbn hnNm-cn-®m¬ Aßs\-bp≈ Dev]-Øn-hn-\m-i-ß-fpsS hyhÿ Hcn°epw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. Dev]-Øn-hn-\m-i-ßƒ
ss\an-Øn-I-ß-fm-sW∂p Icp-Xn-bm¬, B \nanØsØ D≠m-hp-Ibpw C√m-Xm-hp-Ibpw sNøp∂- X n¬ \n∂p `n∂- a mbn Icp- X - W w. Dev ] Ønbpw hn\m-ihpw kzm`m-hn-I-ambn D≠m-Ip∂-Xm-sW-¶n¬ Htc kabw c≠pw IqSn D≠mhpI hø. kzm`m-hn-Ia
- m-bp-≠m-Ip-∂X
- m-sW-¶n¬
Cu `qtKm-fØ
- n-s‚-bS- pØv thsdmcp `qtKm-fhpw
kqcy- N - { µ- ∑ mcpw a‰pw D≠m- I m- Ø - s X- ¥ psIm≠v? GsX√mw tN¿∂v GsX√mw D≠m-Ip∂pthm Ah-sb√mw Cuiz-c\
- n¿an-Xa
- mb hnØv,
sh≈w, tNmdv apX-em-b-h-bpsS kwtbm-K-Ømep-≠m-Ip∂ XrW-hr-£m-Zn-I-fpw, Iran apX-emb-hbpw BWv. A√msX a‰m-cp-ap-≠m-°n-b-X-√.
a™ƒ, NpÆm-ºv, \mc-ßm-\o¿ F∂nh Zqsc
\n∂p-h∂v kzbw H∂n-®p-tN-cp-∂n-√. tN¿°ms\m-cmfps≠¶nte tNcq. th≠-t]mse Iqńt®¿Ømte knµqcw D≠m-hq. A\p-]mXw IqSnbmtem Ipd-™mtem knµqcw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√.
AXp-t]mse {]Ir-Xn, ]c-am-Wp-°ƒ F∂o
PU-]-Zm¿Y-ßsf ]c-ta-iz-c≥ ⁄m\-tØmSpw
bp‡n-tbmSpw IqSn kwtbm-Pn-∏n-°m-Xn-cp-∂m¬
161
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Imcy-kn-≤n-°p-XIpw hÆw hnti-j-h-kvXphmbn ]cn-Wan-°p-hm≥ Ah i‡-am-hp-I-bn√. AXn-\m¬ kzm`m-hn-I-am-b√ Cuiz-cs‚ cN\-sIm-≠mWv krjvSn D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv.
tNmZyw:˛ C°m- W p∂ PK- Ø n\v Hcp
I¿Ømhv D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ct∏m-gn-√, D≠mhp-Ib
- p-an-√. A\m-Zn-Imew apX¬ CXv C∆Æw
Xs∂. CXn∂v Hcn-°epw DXv]Øn D≠m-bnń-√. hn\m-ihpw D≠m-hp-I-bn√.
DØcw:˛ I¿Øm-hn-√msX {Inbtbm {InbmP-\y-amb ]Zm¿Ytam D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. ]rYn-hymZn-I-fmb GsX√mw ]Zm¿∞-ß-fn¬ kwtbm-K\n-an-Ø-amb cN\ Zriy-amtWm Ah-sbm∂pw
Hcn-°epw A\m-Zn-b√. kwtbmKw sIm≠v D≠mIp-∂Xv kwtbm-K-Øn\p apºv D≠m-bn-cn-°p-Ibn-√. hntbm-K-Øn\p tijw \ne-\n¬°p-I-bpan-√, CXp icn-bm-sW∂p tXm∂p-∂n-s√-¶n¬
hkvXp-°-fn¬ G‰hpw ITn-\-amb Icn-¶-√v,
sshc-°-√v, Dcp°v apX-emb ]Zm¿Yß-fn¬
hn`n∂ ]c-am-Wp-°sf Iqń-t®¿Øn-´pt≠m
F∂v Ahsb ]nf¿∂p s]mSn®p `kva-am°n
t\m°p-I. Iqń-t®¿∏p-s≠-¶n¬ Ah \n›-bambpw Ime-{I-taW th¿s]-´p-t]m-Ipw.
tNmZyw:˛ A\m-Zn-bmb Hcp Cuiz-c≥ C√.
tbmKm- ` ym- k w- s Im≠v AWn- a m- Z n- I - f mb
sFiz-cy-ßƒ kºm-Zn®p k¿h-⁄Xzw XpSßnb KpW- ß - t fmSp IqSnb ap‡nsb
{]m]n® ⁄m\nbmb Pohm-flmhp Xs∂bmWv Cuiz-c≥.
DØcw:˛ PK-Øns\ krjvSn-®n-´p-≈Xv A\mZn-bmb Cuiz-c-\-s√-¶n¬ ap‡n {]m]n® Pohmflm-°ƒ°v B{i-bhpw Poh-\-cq-]-hp-amb Cu
PK-Øv, icocw, C{µnb tKmf-ßƒ F∂n-hsb√mw Fß-s\-bp-≠mIpw? Ch-bn-s√-¶n¬
Pohm-flm-hn\v km[\ sNøm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√.
km[- \ - b n- s √- ¶ n¬ kn≤- \ m- I p- ∂ - s X- ß s\?
Pohm-flmhv km[-\-bn-eqsS kn≤nsb {]m]n®mepw kzbw k\m-X\
- hpw, A\m-Zn-bpw, A\¥
kn≤n-bp-ap≈ Cuiz-c\p Xpey-\m-hp-I-bn-√.
Pohm-flm-hns‚ ⁄m\w AXns‚ ]c-am-h-[nbn- s e- Ø n- b mepw ]cn- a n- X - a mb ⁄m\hpw
kma¿Yy- h pta e`n- ° q. A\- ¥ - ⁄ m- \ hpw
kma¿Yyhpw e`n- ° p- I - b n- √ . t\m°q! Hcp
tbmKnbpw C∂p- h sc Cuiz- c - \ n¿Ωn- X - a mb
krjvSn-{I-asØ am‰m≥ i‡-\m-bn-ń-√. Bhp-
I-bp-an-√. IÆp-sIm≠p ImWp-I, sNhn-sIm≠p
tIƒ°p- I , F∂n- ß s\ A\m- Z n- k n- ≤ - \ mb
Cuiz-c≥ sNbvXn-´p≈ G¿∏m-Sns\ am‰p-hm≥
Hcp tbmKnbpw i‡-\-√. AXn-\m¬ Poh≥
Hcn-°epw Cuiz-c-\m-hp-I-bn-√.
tNmZyw:˛ Iev]w tXmdpw Cuiz-c≥ hne£-W-amb krjv-Sntbm AtXm Htc-X-c-Ønep≈ krjvSntbm \n¿an-°p-∂Xv?
DØcw:˛Ct∏m- g - t Ø- X p- t ]mse Xs∂
apºpw. `mhn-bnepw Aß-s\-X-s∂. am‰ta hcpØp-I-bn-√.
kqcym-N-{µ-aku [mXm bYm ]qcvh-I-ev]bXv Znhw N ]rYnhow Nm¥-cn-£-atYm kzx
(E. 10. 190. 3)
([m-Xm) Cuiz-c≥ Fßs\ ]q¿h-I-ev]Øn¬ kqcy≥, N{µ≥, `qan, BIm-iw, apX-emb-hsb krjvSn-®pthm AtX-hn[w Cu Iev]Ønepw krjvSn-®n-´p-≠v. Aß-s\-Xs∂ hcpw
Iev]-Ønepw krjvSn-°pw. AXn-\m¬ Cuizcs‚ {]hr-Øn-Iƒ \yq\-X-Iq-SmsX kZm Hcpt]m-en-cn-°p-∂p. Aev]-⁄\pw hr≤n£-b-ßfp≈ ⁄m\-Øn-\p-S-abpw Bb-hs‚ {]hr-ØnI-fn¬ \yq\-X-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cn°pw Cuiz-cs‚
{]hr-Øn-Ifn¬ D≠m-hp-I-bn-√.
tNmZyw:˛ krjvSn hnj-b-sØ-∏‰n thZmZn
imkv { X- ß - f n¬ sshcp- ≤ ytam Assh- c p[ytam D≈Xv?
DØcw:˛ Assh-cp≤yw
tNmZyw:˛ Ahn-cp-≤-sa-¶n¬˛
Xkv a mZzm GX- k v a m- Z m- fl \ BImix
kw`qXx BIm-im-Zzmbpx hmtbm-c·nx At·cm]x AZv`yx ]rYnho; ]rYnhym Hmj-[bx
Hmj-[n-t`ym∂w A∂m-t{ZXx tcXkx ]pcpjx
k hm Gj ]pcp-tjm-∂-c-k-abx ssXØnco-tbm-]-\n-j-Zz-N-\-am-Wn-Xv. 12 B ]c-amflm- h n¬ \n∂pw {]Ir- X n- b n¬ \n∂pw
BImiw AXm-bXv CSw D≠m-bn. k¿h{X
hym]n-®n-´p≈ Imc-W-cq-]-amb ]Zm¿YsØ
H∂n-®p-tN¿Øv Hcn-SØ
- m-°p-∂X
- p-sIm≠v CSw
D≠m-Ip-∂-Xp-t]mse tXm∂p-∂p. hmkvX-hØn¬ BIm-i-Øn\v DXv]-Øn-bn-√. Fs¥∂m¬, BI-i-an-s√-¶n¬ {]Ir-Xnbpw ]c-am12. {_“m-\-µ-h√n 1.
162
F´mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Wphpw FhnsS h¿Øn°pw? BIm-i-ap-≠mb-Xn-\p-tijw hmbp-hpw, hmbp-hn-\p-tijw
A·n-bpw, A·n-°p-tijw Pehpw D≠m-bn.
Pe-Øn-\p-tijw ]rYn-hnbpw ]rYn-hn-bn¬
\n∂v Hmj-[n-Ifpw (k-ky-ß-fpw) Hmj-[n-Ifn¬ \n∂v A∂hpw A∂-Øn¬ \n∂v hocyhpw, hocy-Øn¬ \n∂v ]pcp-j\pw AYhm
ico-chpw D≠m-bn. ChnsS BIm-imZn {IaØnepw Omtµm-tKym-]-\n-j-Øn¬ A·ymZn
{Ia-Øn-epw, sFX-tc-b-Øn¬ Pem-Zn-{I-aØnepw krjvSn {Iaw ]d-bp-∂p. thZ-ßfn¬Øs∂ Nnte-SØp ]pcp-j-\n¬ \n∂pw,
a‰p-Nn-te-SØp lnc-Wy-K¿`m-Zn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw,
]q¿h- a o- a mw- k - b n¬ I¿a- Ø n¬ \n∂pw
sshti-jn-I-Øn¬ Ime-Øn¬ \n∂pw \ymbØn¬ ]c-am-Wp-°-fn¬ \n∂pw .tbm-K-Øn¬
]pcp-jm¿Y-Øn¬ \n∂pw kmwJy-Øn¬ {]IrXn-bn¬ \n∂pw thZm-¥-Øn¬ {_“-Øn¬
\n∂pw BWv krjvSn-bpsS DXv]Øn {]Xn]m-Z-\w-. CXn¬ GXv kXyw? GXv AkXyw?
DØcw:˛ F√mw kXyw-X-s∂-bm-Wv. H∂pw
Ak-Xy-a-√. sX‰n-≤-cn-°p-∂-h-\mWv anYym-hmZn. Cuiz-c≥ PK-Øns‚ \nan-Ø-Im-c-Whpw
{]IrXn D]m-Zm-\I
- m-cW
- h
- p-am-Wv. alm-{]-fb
- Ø
- n\p-tijw D≠m-Ip∂ krjvSn-bpsS DXv]Øn
BIm-im-Zn-{I-aØ
- n-em-Wv. BImiw hmbp F∂nh-bpsS {]fbw kw`-hn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-tºmƒ 13
˛A- · ym- Z n- I ƒ°p am{Xw {]fbw D≠m- I ptºmƒ˛ A·ym- Z n- { I- a - Ø n- e mWp krjv S n.
hnZypØv A·n F∂n-h-bv°p-IqSn \miw t\cnSm-Xn-cn-°p-tºmƒ Pem-Zn-{I-a-Øn-emWp krjvSn
D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. GtXXp {]f-b-Øn¬ GtXXp
]Zm¿Yw hsc \in-®p-t]m-Ip-∂pthm AXmXp
]Zm¿Yw apX-ev°mWp ]n∂o-Sp≈ krjvSn
13. Cu Ahm-¥c {]fbw Hmtcm a\z-¥-c-Ønepw D≠mIp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ a\z-¥-c-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ k‘n-Imew
KWn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. thZ-⁄m-\Ø
- ns‚ shfn-]mSv krjvSnbpsS BZn-bnte D≠m-hq. a\z-¥-c-ßƒ°p-tijw
Dd°w DW¿hv \ymtb-\ Ejn-am-cn¬ kzbw shfn-]mSv
D≠m-Ip-∂p.
14. Cu Ahm-¥c {]f-b-Øn¬ am\-h-N-cn-{Xhpw \in-°p∂p. C∂p≈ Ncn{Xw Cu a\z-¥-c-Øn-teXp am{X-amWv. CXns\ `mc-Xob {KŸ-ß-fn¬ a\p-hns‚ Pe-{]-fb-sa∂pw a‰p {KŸ-ß-fn¬ t\ml-bpsS {]f-b-sa∂pw
]d-bp-∂p. (a\px = a\plv ˛ \plv, \qlv, t\mlv?)
F∂¿Yw. 14 ]pcp-j≥, lnc-Wy-K¿`≥ apX-emb-sX√mw Cuiz-cs‚ t]cp-I-fmWv F∂v H∂mw
kap-√m-k-Øn¬ ]d-™n-´p-≠v.
Htc Imcy-Øntem hnj-b-Øntem D≈ ]ckv]-c-hn-cp-≤-amb hN-\-sØ-bmWp hncp-≤sa∂p ]d- b p- ∂ - X v . Bdp imkv { X- ß ƒ°pw
At\ym-\y-ap≈ Ahn-tcm[w Fß-s\-sb∂p
ImWpI:˛""I¿a-Øns‚ tNjvS-Iq-SmsX D≠m°nb Hcp Imcyhpw PK-Øn¬ C√.'' F∂p
aoamw-k. ""Imew IqSmsX bmsXm∂pw D≠mhp-I-tb-bn√'' F∂p sshti-jn-Iw. ""D]m-Zm\-Im-c-W-an-s√-¶n¬ bmsXm∂pw D≠m-°phm≥ km[n-°p-I-bn-√.'' F∂p \ymbw. ""hnZy,
⁄m\w, hnNm- c w, F∂n- h - I q- S msX
bmsXm∂pw \n¿an-°p-hm≥ km[y-a-√.'' F∂p
tbmKw ""XØz-ß-fpsS ktΩ-f\w IqSmsX
krjvSn-bn-√.'' F∂p kmwJyw. ""\n¿am-Xmhp
\n¿an-®n-s√-¶n¬ Hcp hkvXphpw D≠mhp-Ibn-√.'' F∂p thZm¥w'' Cßs\ krjvSn Bdp
Imc-Wß
- f
- n¬ \n∂mWv D≠m-Ip-∂X
- v. B Bdp
Imc-Wß
- f
- n¬ Hmtcm-∂n-s‚bpw hymJym-\a
- mWv
Hmtcm imkv { X- Ø n- e p- a p- ≈ - X v . AXn- \ m¬
Ahbv°p XΩn¬ H´pw hntcm-[-an-√. Bdv BfpIƒ tN¿∂v Hcp ta¬∏pc FSp-Øp-s]m°n
`nØn-I-fn¬ ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse krjvSn-cq]-amb Imcy-Øns‚ hymJym\w Bdp imkv{XIm-c-∑m¿ IqSn-t®¿∂p ]q¿W-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
IÆp-Im-WmØ A©p-t]¿°pw ImgvN-°p-dhp≈ Hcp-h\pw Hcm-\-bpsS Hmtcm Ah-b-hßsf kv]¿-in-®p. ]n∂oSv ""B\ Fß-s\-bp≈-XmWv?'' F∂v tNmZn-®p. Ah-cn-sem-cmƒ
B\ XqWp-t]m-se-bm-sW-∂pw, c≠m-a≥ apdw
t]mse-bm-sW∂pw aq∂m-a≥ De-°-t]m-se-bmsa∂pw \mem- a ≥ Nqep- t ]m- s e- b m- s W∂pw
A©m- a ≥ Xd- t ]m- s e- b m- s W∂pw ]d- ™ p.
""B\ IdpØ \mep XqWp-I-fpsS apI-fn¬
\nev°p∂ Hcp t]mØn-s\-t∏m-se-bp-s≠∂v
Bdm-a≥ ]d-™p. CXp-t]mse C°m-esØ
A\m¿j-amb \ho-\-{K-Ÿ-ßƒ hmbn-°p∂
{]mIr-X-`m-j-°m¿ Ejn-{]-Wo-X-ß-fmb {KŸßƒ hmbn-°msX \ho\ £p{Z-_p-≤n-I-fpsS
kwkvIr-X{- K-Ÿß
- fpw `mjm-{K-Ÿß
- fpw am{Xw
hmbn®v ]c-kv]c \nµ-bnepw hy¿∞-amb hmbmSn-Ø-c-Ønepw G¿s∏-Sp-∂-tX-bp-≈q. Ah-cpsS
hm°p-Iƒ _p≤n-am-∑m¿°pw a‰p-≈-h¿°pw
163
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
kzoIm-cy-a-√. A‘≥ hgn-Im-´p∂ A‘¿ Ipgnbn¬ hogm-Xn-cn-°ptam? AXp-t]mse C°mesØ Aev]-hn-Zym-bp-‡cpw kzm¿Yn-Ifpw
C{µnb kpJ- c m- a - ∑ m- c m- b - h - c psS Ifn- I ƒ
temIsØ \in-∏n-°p-hm≥ t]m∂-Xm-Wv.
ImcWw Imcyw krjvSn
tNmZyw:˛ ImcWw IqSmsX Imcyw D≠mhp-Ib
- n-s√-¶n¬, Imc-WØ
- ns‚ ImcWw F¥psIm-≠n√?
DØcw:˛ auVy-Øn-em≠ ktlm-Z-c-∑m-tc,
\nßƒ kzev]w kz_p≤n {]tbm-Kn-°m-ØsX¥v? temI-Øn¬ BsI c≠p ]Zm¿∞-ßtf-bp-≈q. H∂p Imc-Ww, at‰-Xp-Im-cyw. ImcWw
Im-cy-a-√. Imcy-am-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ AXv Imc-Wam-hp-I-bn-√. krjvSnsb icn-bmbn Adn-bm-Xncn-°p-thmfw a\p-jy¿°v ⁄m\-{]m-]vXn-bp-≠mhp-I-bn-√.
\nXymbmx kXz-c-P-kvX-akmw kmaym-hÿmbmx {]IrtXcpXv ] - ∂ m\mw ]c- a - k q£vamWmw ]rYIv ]rY-KzcvØam\m\mw XØz]c-am-Wq\mw {]Yax kwtbm-Km-cw`x kwtbmK- h n- t i- j m- Z - h - ÿ m- ¥ - c ky ÿqem- I m- c {]m]vXnx krjvSn-cp-NytX
A\m-Znbpw \nXy-kz-cq-]hpw kXzw, cP-kv,
Xakv F∂o KpW-ß-fpsS kmaym-h-ÿ-bp-amb
{]Ir-Xn-bn¬ \n∂p-≠m-bXpw AXy-¥-kq-£vaßfpw At\ym\yw AI-∂n-cn-°p-∂-h-bp-amb
]Zm¿Ym-h-b-h-ß-fpsS BZysØ kwtbm-Km-cw`-hpw, B kwtbm-K-hn-ti-j-ß-fm¬ Df-hm-Ip∂
Ah-ÿm-¥-c-ß-fpsS (]n-∂oSp ]n∂oSv D≠mIp∂ kq£va-Øn¬ \n∂p ÿqem-h-ÿsb
{]m]n-°¬) hnNn{X cq]-ßƒ D≠m-Iepw \S°p-∂p. Cu hnNn{X cq]-ß-fpsS kwk¿Kw
D≠m-I-bm-emWv krjvSn-sb∂p t]cp ]d-bp-∂Xv. {]Ya kwtbm-K-Øn¬ IqSn-t®--cp-∂Xpw Iqńt®¿°p-∂-Xp-amb ]Zm¿Yw GtXm kwtbm-KØns‚ BZnbpw hntbm-K-Øns‚ A¥-hp-ambn
h¿Øn-°p-∂-tX-tXm, GXn\v hn`mKw D≠m-hpI-bn-√-tbm˛ AXn\v Imc-W-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
kwtbm-K-Øn\p tijw D≠m-Ip-∂Xpw hntbmK-Øn\p tijw AtX-cq-]-Øn-en-cn-°m-Ø-Xpamb ]Zm¿Y-sØ-bmWv Imcy-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv. Imc-W-Øn\p Imc-Ww, Imcy-Øns‚ Imcyw,
I¿Øm-hns‚ I¿Ømhv km[-\-Øns‚ km[\w, km[y-Øns‚ km[yw Fs∂√mw ]d-bp-
∂- b mƒ ImWp- ∂ p- s ≠- ¶ nepw A‘- \ pw,
tIƒ°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw _[n-c-\pw, Adn-bp-∂ps≠-¶nepw aqV-\p-am-Wv. IÆn\p IÆpw, hnf°n\p hnf-°pw, kqcy\p kqcy\pw D≠m-Iptam?
GXn¬ \n∂v Hcp hkvXp D≠m-Ip-∂thm AXp
Imc- W w. GsXm∂v D≠m- I p- ∂ pthm AXp
Imcyw. Imc-WsØ Imcy-cq-]-am-°p∂-bm-fns\
I¿Øm-sh∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
\mktXm hnZytX `mthm \m`mthm
hnZytX kXx D`-tbm-c]n ZrjvtSm-¥-kvXz-\tbm-kvXØz Zcvin`nx (`-K-h-XvKo-X. 2. 16)
Ak- Ø m- b - ˛ - C - √ m- Ø ˛ ]Zm¿Y- Ø ns‚
`mhhpw (D-◊) kØm-b-Xns‚ A`m-hhpw (C√m- b v a ) Hcn- ° epw D≠m- I p- ∂ - X - √ . CXp
c≠pw 15 XØz-Z¿in-Iƒ \n¿W-bn-®n-´p-≠v.
]£-]m-Xn-If
- pw, Zpcm-{K-ln-If
- pw, Zpcm-flm-°f
- pw,
A⁄-cp-amb a\p-jy¿°v Cu hnjbw Fßs\
thKw {Kln-°m-\mIpw? hnZym-`ym-khpw k’wKhpw sNbvXv, icn-bmbn Imcy-ßƒ Btem-Nn°m-Ø-bmƒ kZm hn{`-a-Øns‚ he-bn¬s∏´p
InS- ° p- I - t b- b p- ≈ q. F√m hnZy- I - f p- s Sbpw
kn≤m-¥-ßƒ Adn-bm≥ {ian-°p-Ibpw Adnbp-Ibpw Adn™v Im]-Sy-an-√msX A\y¿°v
]d-™p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂h
- c
- t{X [\y¿.
AXn-\m¬ Imc-W-an-√m-Ø-XmWv krjvSn-sb∂v
[cn-°p-∂-h\v H∂pw Adn-™p-Iq-Sm.
krjvSn-bpsS cN\
krjvSn-bpsS ka-b-am-Ip-tºmƒ Cuiz-c≥
AXy-¥k
- q-£va]
- Z- m¿Y-ßsf HØp-Iq-´p-∂p. B
{]Y-am-h-ÿ-bn¬ ]c-a-kq-£va-amb {]Ir-Xn-cq]-Im-c-W-Øn¬ \n∂p kzev]w ÿqe-ambn
D≠m-Ip∂ ]Zm¿Y-amWv al-Ø-Øzw. AXn¬
\n∂v D≠m-Ip∂ Iptd-°qSn ÿqe-am-bXv Al¶m-chpw Al-¶m-c-Øn¬ \n∂v Aev]w IqSn
ÿqehpw `n∂-`n-∂-ß-fmb A©v kq£va `qXß-fpw, sNhn, Xz°v, IÆv, \m°v, aq°v F∂o
A©p ⁄mt\- { µn- b - ß fpw hm°v , ]mWn,
]mZw, ]mbp, D]ÿw F∂o A©p I¿ta-{µnb-ßfpw ]Xn-s\m-∂m-a-tØ-Xmb a\ pw D≠mIp-∂p. B ]©-X∑m-{X-I-fn¬ \n∂v At\Iw
ÿqem-h-ÿ-I-sf-{]m-]n-®v, {Ia-Øn¬ \ap°p
{]Xy-£-hn-j-b-ß-fm-Ip∂ A©p ÿqe-`q-X15 XØz- Z ¿in ˛ ]c- a m- W p, {]IrXn F∂n- h sb
km£mXvI-cn-®-bmƒ
164
F´mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
ßƒ D≠m-Ip-∂p. Ah-bn¬ \n∂v At\-I-hn[-Øn-ep≈ hr£-e-Xm-Zn-Ifpw Ah-bn¬ \n∂v
A∂-hpw, A∂-Øn¬ \n∂v hocyhpw hocyØn¬ \n∂v ico-chpw D≠m-Ip-∂p.- F∂m¬
BZysØ krjvSn ssaYp-\-^-e-a-√. Fs¥∂m¬ Cuiz-c≥ kv{Xo-]p-cp-j-∑m-cpsS ico-cßsf \n¿an-®v, Poh-kw-tbm-K-ap-≠m-°n-b-Xn\p
tijta ssaYp-\-^-e-amb krjvSn D≠m-Ip-∂p≈q. ImWp-tºmƒ hnZzm-∑m¿°p-IqSn B›-cyP-\I
- a
- mb hn[-Øn¬ F{X ⁄m\-]q¿h-Ia
- mb
krjvSn-bmWv a\p-jy-i-co-c-sa∂p t\m°p-I.
A¥¿`m-K-Øn¬ Aÿn-Iq-Sw, \mUn-I-fpsS
_‘-\w, amwkw-sIm-≠p≈ s]mXn-b¬, N¿aw-sIm-≠p≈ Bh-c-Ww. πol, bIr-Øv,
izmk-tImiw apX-em-b-h-bpsS ÿm]\w Pohkw-tbm-P\w inc- m-Ip∂ aqe-Øns‚ \n¿ΩmWw, tcmaw \Jw apX-em-b-h-bpsS ÿm]\w
\\p-Ø-\q¬t]mse AXy-¥-kq-£va-ß-fmb
Rc-ºp-I-sf-s°m-≠p≈ t\{X-\n¿amWw, C{µnb-am¿K-ß-fpsS \nth-i-\w, Pm{K-’z-]v\-kp-jp]vXn-I-fm-Ip∂ Ah-ÿ-Isf Poh\v A\p-`-hn°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ ÿm\-hn-ti-j-ß-fpsS \n¿amWw, kI-e-[m-Xp-°-fp-tSbpw hn`m-Ko-I-c-Ww,
Ch-bpsS Iem-Iu-ie ]q¿h-amb ÿm]\w
apX-emb A¤p-X-krjvSn sNøm≥ Cuiz-c-\√msX a‰m¿°p Ignbpw? IqSmsX hnhn[ cXv\ß-tfmSpw [mXp-°-tfmSpw IqSnb `qan-bpsS
krjvSn. hS-hr£w XpSßn At\Iw ac-ßf
- psS
hnØp-I-fn-ep≈ AXn-kq-£va-amb cN-\m-hn-tij-ßƒ. ]®, shfp-∏v, Nph-∏v, Idp∏v, Nn{Xh¿Ww apX-emb G‰-°p-d-hp≈ \nd-ß-tfm-SpIq-Snb Ce-Iƒ, ]q°ƒ, ImbvI-\n-Iƒ, Ing-ßpIƒ, F∂n-hbpsS \n¿am-Ww, a[p-cw, ehWw,
Fcn, Nh¿∏v, Ibv]v, ]pfn apX-emb hnhn-[-ckßtfm-Spw, hnhn-[-kp-K-‘-ß-tfmSpw IqSnb
Ce-Iƒ, ]q°ƒ, ImbvI-\n-Iƒ, Ing-ßp-Iƒ,
thcp-Iƒ apX-em-b-h-bpsS krjvSn kqcy≥,
N{µ≥, `qan apX-emb At\-I-tImSn temI-ßfpsS \n¿am-Ww, [mc-Ww, {à-Ww, \nb-{¥Ww
apX-emb {]hr-Øn-Iƒ \S-Øp-hm≥ Cuiz-c-\√msX a‰m¿°pw Bhp-I-bn-√.
Hcp hkvXp-hns\ I≠m¬ c≠p-Xcw ⁄m\ap-≠m-Ipw. AXns‚ cq]-⁄m-\-hpw, \n¿amWw
I≠v \n¿am-Xm-hn-s\-∏-‰n-bp≈ ⁄m\-hpw.
Imń¬ \n∂v Hcp-h\v kz¿Wm-`-cWw In´p-∂p.
AXp kz¿Ww sIm≠p-≠m--°n-b-XmsW∂pw,
_p≤n-am-\mb kz¿Æ-∏-Wn-°m-c≥ D≠m-°n-bXm- s W∂pw Abmƒ°v a\- n- e m- I p- ∂ p.
Cßs\ \m\m-X-c-Øn-ep≈ Cu krjvSn-bn¬
ImWp∂ hnhn[ cN-\m-hn-ti-j-ßƒ AXns‚
\n¿am-Xm-hmb Cuiz-cs‚ AkvXnXzw ka¿Yn°p-∂p.
a\p-tjym-X]
v Øn Ft∏mƒ Fßs\ ?
tNmZyw:˛ a\pjys‚ krjvSntbm ]rYn-hymZn-I-fpsS krjvSntbm BZyw D≠m-bXv ?
DØcw:˛ ]rYn-hym-Zn-I-fp-sS. Fs¥-∂m¬,
]rYn- h ym- Z n- I ƒ IqSmsX a\p- j ys‚ \ne\n¬∏pw kwc-£-Whpw \S-°p-I-bn-√.
tNmZyw :˛ krjvSn-bpsS Bcw-`-Øn¬ Hcp
a\p-jyt\m At\Iw a\p-jytcm D≠m-bXv?
DØcw :-˛ At\Iw a\p-jy¿. Fs¥-∂m¬,
G-tXXp Pohm-flm-°-fpsS I¿a-ßƒ Cuiz-ckr-jvSn-bn¬ P\n-°p-hm≥ A¿l-ß-fm-°nbn-cn°p-∂pthm Ah¿°v krjvSn-bpsS XpS-°Ø
- n¬
Cuiz-c≥ P∑w \evIn. "" a\pjym Ej-b-›tb.'' 16 "" XtXm a\pjymA-Pm-b-¥'' 17
F∂ a{¥w bPp¿th-Z-Ønepw AXns‚ {_m“W-Ønepw D≈-Xm-Wv. Cu {]am-W-Øm¬ BZnbn¬ At\Iw ˛˛ At\-Im-bncw ˛˛ a\p-jy¿ P\n®p-sh∂p \n¿W-bn-°mw. a\p-jy¿ AkwJyw
amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cpsS k¥m-\-ß-fm-sW∂p
krjvSn-I-≠m¬ hy‡-am-Ip-∂p-ap-≠v.
tNmZyw:˛ krjv S n- b psS Bcw- ` - Ø n¬
_meyw buh\w hm¿≤Iyw F∂o Ah-ÿI-fn¬ GXn-emWv a\p-jycpw a‰p Pohn-Ifpw
D≠m- b Xv ? AtXm aq∂- h - ÿ - I - f n- e p- a p≠mtbm?
DØcw:-˛bu-h\mhÿbn¬. Fs¥∂m¬
Ip™pßfmbm¬ Ahsc ]cn-]m-en-°p-∂-Xn\v
thsd Bfp-Iƒ thWw. hr≤m-h-ÿ-bn-ep-≠mbm¬ ssaYp\o krjvSn D≠m-hn-√. AXn-\m¬
sbuh\m-h-ÿ-bn¬ krjvSn D≠m-bn.
{]hm-l-Øn¬ A\mZn
tNmZyw :˛ krjv S n°v Bcw`w Dt≠m
C√tbm?
165
16 bPq: 31.9 ¬ km[ym-E-j-b-›tb F∂ ]mTw Fßs\tbm sX‰p kw`-hn-®-Xm-Wv.
17 iX-]Yw 14.4.2.5
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
DØcw :˛ C√. ]I-en\p tijw cm{Xnbpw
cm{Xnbv ° p apºp ]Iepw Aßs\ ]Ien\ptijw cm{Xnbpw cm{Xn-°p-tijw ]Iepw
Cßs\ {Ia- Ø n¬ \S- ∂ p- s Im- ≠ n- c n- ° p- ∂ hÆw krjvSn-°p-apºp {]f-bhpw {]f-b-Øn\p
apºp krjvSnbpw krjvSn-bpsS A\-¥cw {]fbhpw {]f- b m- \ - ¥ cw krjv S nbpw Cßs\
A\mZn Imew apX¬ Cu N{Iw Xncn™p
sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p. CXn\v BZntbm A¥tam
C√. F∂m¬ ]I-en\pw cm{Xn°pw Bcw-`m-hkm- \ - ß ƒ D≈- X p- t ]mse krjv S n- { ]- f - b ßƒ°pw BZnbpw Ah-km-\hpw D≠v. Fs¥∂m¬ ]c-am-flm-hv, Pohm-flmhv PK-Øns‚
ImcWw F∂nh aq∂pw kz`m-th\ A\m-Zn-Ifm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse PK-Øns‚ D¬]Øn
ÿnXn-e-b-ßfpw {]hm-l-Øm¬ A\m-Zn-bm-Wv.
\Zn-bpsS {]hmlw Nne-t∏mƒ D≠v. Nne-t∏mƒ
h‰n ImWm-Xm-Ip-∂p. ag-°m-eØp ho≠pw
ImWm-dm-Ip-∂p, th\-ev°m-eØv ImWp-∂n-√.
AXp-t]mse CsX√mw {]hm-l-cq-]-ß-fm-Wv.
Cuiz-cs‚ KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ßƒ A\m-Zn-bmbn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse krjvSn-ÿn-Xn-kw-lm-cßfpw A\m-Zn-If
- m-Ip-∂p. Cuiz-cs‚ KpWI¿akz- ` m- h - ß ƒ°v GXp hn[- Ø n¬ BZnbpw
A¥hpw C√tbm AtX-hn-[-Øn¬ At±-lØns‚ I¿Øhy I¿a-ßƒ°pw Bcw-`m-h-km\-ßƒ C√.
√. bmsXmcp I¿ahpw IqSmsX P∑w \¬Ip-∂Xm-bm¬ am{Xta ]£-]mXw D≠m-hp-I-bp-≈q.
krjvSn Sn_-‰n¬
tNmZyw:˛ a\p-jy-cpsS BZysØ krjvSn
D≠m-bXv Fhn-sS-bmWv?
DØcw:˛ ""Sn_‰v'' F∂p ]d™p hcp∂
{XnhnjvS-]-Øn¬ 18
tNmZyw:˛ krjvSn-bpsS BZn-Im-eØv Hcp
PmXntbm At\Iw PmXn-Itfm D≠m-bn-cp∂Xv?
DØcw:˛ a\p-jy-PmXn H∂p-am-{Xta D≠mbn-cp-∂p-≈q. ]n∂oSv ""hnPm-\o-lym-cym≥ tb
N Zkyhx'' 19 F∂ EtKz-Z-h-N-\-a-\p-k-cn-®v,
t{ijvT-∑m-cm-bn-´p-≈-h¿°v Bcy≥, hnZzm≥
tZh≥ F∂pw ZpjvS-∑m¿°v Zkyp-˛-I-≈≥-˛aq¿J≥ F∂pw t]cp-Iƒ D≠m-bn. AXp-\nanØw Bcy≥ F∂pw Zkyp F∂pw c≠p-\m-aßƒ \S-∏n¬ h∂p. "DX iqt{Z DXmtcy' 20
F∂Xp AY¿h- t h- Z - Ø n- e p≈ hN- \ - a m- W v .
Bcy-∑m-cpsS CS-bn¬ Xs∂ apºp ]d-™-coXn- bn¬, {_m“- W ≥ £{Xn- b≥ sshiy≥,
iq{Z≥ F∂n-ßs\ \mep hn`m-K-ßƒ D≠m-bn.
hnZzm-∑mcpw ZznP-∑m-cp-am-bn-´p-≈h
- ¿°v Bcy-∑m¿
F∂pw ]Tn-∏n-√m-Ø-h¿°v iq{Z-∑m¿ As√-¶n¬
A\m-cy-∑m¿ F∂pw t]cp-≠m-bn.
Bcy-∑m¿ `mc-X-Øn¬
P∑hpw I¿ahpw
tNmZyw:˛ Cuiz- c ≥ Nne Pohm- fl m°ƒ°p a\p-jy-P-∑-hpw, thsd Nne Pohmflm-°ƒ°p knwlw apX-emb {Iqc-ar-K-ßfpsS P∑-hpw, a‰p-Nn-e-Xn\p am≥, ]ip apXemb arK-ß-fpsS P∑-hpw, ]pgp, ]m‰, acw
apX-em-bm-hb
- psS P∑hpw sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p.
CXp \nanØw ]c- t a- i z- c \p ]£- ] mXw
Ds≠∂p hcp-∂nt√?
DØcw:˛ ]£-]mXw hcp-∂n-√. Fs¥-∂m¬,
AXmXp Pohm- fl m- ° ƒ ]q¿∆- P - ∑ - Ø n¬
sNbvXn-´p≈ I¿a-ßsf A\p-k-cn®p hyhÿ
sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠p ]£-]mXw D≠m-Ip-∂-X-
tNmZyw:˛ ]n∂oSv Ah¿ Fß-s\-bmWv
ChnsS hs∂-Øn-bXv?
DØcw:˛ Bcy-∑mcpw Zkyp-°fpw XΩn¬˛
tZh-∑m¿ F∂p ]d-b-s∏-ń-cp∂ hnZzm-∑mcpw
Akp-c-∑m¿ F∂p ]d-b-s∏-ń-cp∂ aqV-∑mcpw
XΩn¬˛ kZm a’-chpw Ie-lhpw hf¿∂p
h∂p. D]-{Zhw h¿≤n-®p. At∏mƒ Bcy-∑m¿
`qtKm-f-Øn-ep≈ kI-e-{]-tZ-i-ß-fnepw sh®v
Cu `mK- a mWv G‰hpw \√Xv F∂- d n™v
ChnsS h∂p ]m¿Øp. Aßs\ Cu tZiØn\p Bcym-h¿Øw F∂p t]¿ D≠m-bn.
tNmZyw:˛ Bcym-h¿Ø-Øns‚ AXn¿Øn
GsX-√m-amWv?
18 lna-h-—n-c-{]-tZi Gh kz¿K-`qancnXn -{]-kn≤nx (kmbW `mjyw 19. 39.8) lna-hms‚ Hu∂-Xy-ßf
- nse tZiß-fmWv kz¿K-`qan F∂p {]kn-≤am-bn-´p-≈Xv). \nL≠p-°-fn¬ kz¿Khpw {Xnhn-jvS-]hpw ]cym-b-]-Z-ß-fmWv. (A-ac
- t- Imiw kzh¿Kw-˛6)
19 E 1.51.8
20 AY¿h-thZw 19.62.1
21 C°m-eØv a\p-kvar-Xn-I-fn¬ {_“m-h¿Øw F∂p]mTw
166
F´mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
DØcw:˛ 1. Bk-ap-{ZmØp ssh ]qcvhm-Zmk-ap-{ZmØp ]›namXv Xtbm-ch
- m-¥cw Kntcymcm-cym-hcvØw hnZpcv _p[mx (a-\p. 2. 22)
2. kc-kzXoZrj-Zz-tXymcvtZ-h-\-tZym-cy-Z¥cw Xw tZh-\ncvanXw tZi-am-cym-h¿Øw 21
{]N £tX. (a-\p. 2. 17)
1. hS°p lnam- e - b - ] cv ∆ - X hpw sX°p
hn‘ym-Ne
- hpw Ing°pw ]Sn™-mdpw kap-{Zhpw
BIp-∂p.
2. ]Sn-™m-dp-`m-KØv kc-kz-Xn-bpw˛ AXmb-Xv, kn‘p \Znbpw AS-I-\-K-c-hpw 22Ing-°p`m-KØv Zrj-Zz-Xn-bpw˛ AXm-b-Xv, t\∏m-fn\p
Ing- ° p≈ ]¿h- X - ß - f n¬ \n∂p ]pd- s ∏´v
_¶mƒ B mw F∂o tZi-ß-fpsS Ing-°p-`mK-Øp-Iq-Snbpw, _¿a-bpsS ]Sn-™m-dp-`m-K-ØpIq-Snbpw {]h-ln®v sXt°-k-ap-{Z-Øn¬ hogp-∂Xpw-˛-B-cym-h¿Ø-Øns‚ AXn-cp-I-fm-Ip-∂p.
lnahm≥ hn‘yw F∂o ]¿h-X-ß-fpsS a[y`m-K-Øn-ep-≈Xpw sXt°m´p cmta-izcw hsc
hn‘ym-N-e-Øn-\p-≈n¬ 23\o≠p InS-°p-∂-Xpamb \mSp-ap-gp-h\pw Bcym-h¿Øw F∂p ]db-s∏-Sp-∂p. Imc-Ww, AXv Bcy-∑m¿˛ tZh-∑m¿
AYhm hnZzm-∑m¿ \n¿an-®Xpw hkn-°p-∂-Xpam-bn-cp-∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ BZy-Im-eØv Cu tZi-Øns‚
t]¿ F¥m-bn-cp∂p? ChnsS BcmWp hkn22 dmh¬]n-≠n°p Ing-°p≈ ASI \K-c-am-IWw
23 hn‘ym-New DØ-c-˛-Z-£nW `mc-X-ßsf th¿Xn-cn-°p∂m-Xm-bm-Wv. C°m-esØ hnizm-kw. hmkvX-h-Øn¬
CXv ]q¿∆ ]›na ]¿hX L´-ß-fpsS t]cm-Wv. X∂nan-Ø-amWv {KŸ-Im-c≥ cmta-izcw hsc F∂p Fgp-Xnb-Xv. hmevao-In-cm-am-bWw InjvI-‘m-Im-WvU-Øn¬
60-˛mw k¿K-Øn¬ CXns\ Z£n-Wk
- a
- p-{Z-Xo-cØ
- n-ep≈
]¿h-X-sa∂p ]d-™n-´p-≠v. ""lrjvS ]£n KWm-Io
cvWx Itµm-Zcm IqShm≥; Z£n-W-tkymZt[x Xotc
hnt‘ymf ban-Xn-\n-›nXx (7) ""{]k-∂-cmb ]£n-IfpsS Iq´-Øm¬ \nd-™Xpw Iµ-aq-em-Zn-Iƒ \nd-™sIm-Sp-ap-Sn-If
- p-≈Xpw Z£nW kap-{Z-Xo-cØ
- p-≈X
- p-amWv
hn‘ym-New''. hcm-la
- n-lns‚ _rl-’w-ln-Xb
- n¬ ""_Zco-\mYw apX¬ tkXp-_‘w (cm-ta-iz-cw) hsc Bbncw-tbm-P\
- bpw ZzmcI apX¬ ]pcp-tjm-Øa kme-{Kmaw
(]p-cn) hsc Fgp-\q-dp-tbm-P-\bpw D≠v. AXn¬ sschX-Iw, hn‘y≥, kly≥, Ipam-cw, ae-b{io F∂o Ipe]¿h-X-ßfpw KwKm, kc-kz-Xn, Imfn-µn, tKmZm-h-cn,
Imth-cn, Xm{a-]m-a-Wn, IrX-ame F∂o Ipe-\-Zn-Ifpw
D≠v. (79&80) F∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v Bcymh¿Ø-Øns‚ AXncv GsX-√m-sa-∂q-ln-°mw.
24. Cdm≥
®n-cp-∂Xv?
DØcw:˛ AXn- \ p- a pºv Cu tZi- Ø n\p
bmsXmcp t]cpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Bcy-∑m¿
hcp-∂-Xn-\p-apºv ChnsS Bcpw hkn-®n-cp-∂n√. Fs¥-∂m¬ Bcy-∑m¿ krjvSn-°p-tijw
A[n- I - I mew Ign- b p- ∂ - X n\p apºv Sn_‰n¬\n∂p t\cn´v Chn-tS°v h∂v ]m¿°p-I-bmWp-≠m-b-Xv.
Bcy-˛-Zkyq bp≤w
tNmZyw:˛ Ah¿ Cucm-\n¬ 24\n∂p h∂Xp-sIm-≠mWv Ah¿°p Bcy-∑m¿ F∂p
t]¿ D≠m- b - X v . Ah¿ hcp- ∂ - X n\p apºv
ChnsS ImS-∑m-cmWv ]m¿Øn-cp-∂-Xv. Ahsc
Akp-c∑
- m¿, cm£-k∑
- m¿ Fs∂√mw hnfn-°pIbpw Xßƒ tZh-∑m-cm-sW∂p ]d-bp-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ XΩn-ep-≠mb bp≤-ßfmWp tZhm-kp-c-bp-≤-ßƒ F∂p IY-I-fn¬
]d-bp-∂-Xv.
DØcw:˛ s]cp-¶-≈-am-Wn-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬
hnPm-\o-lymcymt\y N Zkythm _¿ln
jva tX c‘bm imk-Z-{h-Xm≥ (E.1.51.8.)
DX iqt{Z DXmtcy (AY¿h. 19. 62. 1)
[m¿anIcpw hnZzm- ∑ mcpw kXy- h m- Z n- I - f pambP\-ßsf Bcy-∑m-sc∂pw A√m-Ø-hsc
Zkyp AYhm ZpjvS≥, A[m¿anI≥, Ahn-Zzm≥
F∂pw ]d-™p-ht√m? AXp-t]mse {_m“W≥, £{Xn-b≥, sshiy≥ F∂n-h¿°v Bcy∑msc∂pw iq{Z-∑m¿°v A\m-cy-∑m-sc-∂pw˛ ]Tn∏n-√m-Ø-h-sc-∂pw˛ t]cm-sW∂pw ]d-™n-´p≠v. thZw Cßs\ ]d-bp-tºmƒ Bcm\pw
sIń-®-a-bv°p-∂Xv _p≤n-am-∑m¿°v kzoIm-cy-a√. Bcymh¿Ø-\n-hm-kn-If
- mb A¿÷p-\≥ Zic-Y-a-lm-cm-Pmhv apX-em-b-h¿ lnam-eb ]¿hX-Øn¬ h®p \S-∂n-´p≈ tZhm-kp-c-bp-≤-ßfn¬-˛-B-cy-∑mcpw Zkyp-°fpw XΩn-ep-≠mb
bp≤-ß-fn¬ tZh-∑msc AXm-bXp Bcy-∑msc
c£n- ° p- h m\pw Akp- c - ∑ msc tXmev ] n- ° phm\pw tZh-∑m¿°p klmbw sNbvXn-´p-≠v.
CXn¬ \n∂p kn≤n- ° p- ∂ Xv Bcym- h ¿ØØns‚ \mep- ` m- K- Ø pw- ˛ - l n- a - h ms‚ Ing- ° v ,
sX°v, ]Sn-™m-dv, hS°v F∂o \mep Zn°p-Ifnepw A·n, \ncr-Xn, hmbp, Cuim\ F∂o
\mep tImWp- I - f nepw a\p- j y¿ hkn- ® n- c ps∂∂pw Ah¿°v Akp-c-∑m¿ F∂p t]cm-bncp∂p F∂p-am-Wv. lnam-e-b-]¿∆-X-{]-tZ-i-Øn-
167
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
ep-≈-h¿ Bcy-∑msc A{I-an-®n-cp∂ ka-bsØ√mw Bcym-h¿Ø-Ønse cmPm-°-∑mcpw
alm-cm-Pm-°-∑mcpw DØ-cmZn Zn°p-I-fn-te°v
Bcy-∑msc klm-bn-°p-hm≥ t]mhpI ]Xn-hmbn-cp-∂p. Z£n-W-tZ-i-Øn¬ sh®p {iocm-a-\pambn cmh-W≥ \S-Øn-bn-´p-≈ bp≤-Øn∂p
tZhm-kp-c-bp-≤-sa∂p t]¿ ]d-bm-dn√ AXns\
cma-cm-hW bp≤w As√-¶n¬ Bcy-∑mcpw cm£k-∑mcpw XΩn-ep-≠mb bp≤w F∂mWp ]dbm- d p- ≈ - X v . Bcy- ∑ m¿ Cucm≥ tZi- Ø n¬
\n∂mWp h∂-sX∂pw Ah¿ Cu \mńse ImS∑m-tcmSp bp≤w sNbvXv Ahsc tXmev]n®v
Cu \mńse cmPm-°-∑m-cm-bn-Øo¿∂p-sh∂pw
GsX-¶n-ep-samcp kwkvIrX {KŸ-Øntem
CXn-lm-k-Øntem Fgp-Xn-°m-Wp-∂n-√. ]ns∂
Fßs\ hntZ-io-b¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xns\ hne-shbv°p-hm≥ Ignbpw? IqSm-sX˛tæ—-hm-N-›m-cyhmNx kcvhtX Zky-hx-kvarXmx (a-\p. 10. 85)
tæ—-tZ-i-kvXzXx ]cx (a-\p. 2. 23)
Bcym-h¿Ø-sam-gn-sI-bp≈ tZi-ßƒ ZkyptZ-i-ßsf∂pw tæ—-tZ-i-ß-sf∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂p. Bcym-h¿Ø-sam-gnsI Ing-°v, Cuim-\t- ImWv, hS-°v, hmbp-tIm-Wv, ]Sn-™mdv F∂o tZiß-fn¬ hkn-°p-∂h¿°p Zkyp-°ƒ, tæ—-∑m¿,
Akp-c-∑m¿, F∂mWp t]sc∂pw \ncr-Xn-tImWv, sX°v, A·n-tImWv F∂o Zn°p-I-fn¬
]m¿°p- ∂ - h ¿°p cm£- k - ∑ m- s c- ∂ mWp
t]sc∂pw kn≤n-°p-∂p. C°m-eØpw \ot{KmPm-Xn-°m-cpsS BIr-Xn, cm£-k-∑m-sc-∂mWp
t]sc∂pw kn≤n-°p-∂p. C°m-eØpw \ot{KmPm- X n- ° m- c psS BIr- X n, cm£- k - ∑ m- s c- ∏ ‰n
h¿Wn-°p-∂Xp t]mse `b-¶-c-ambn ImW-s∏Sp-∂Xp t\m°p-I.
Bcym-h¿Ø-Øns‚ At[m-`m-K-Øn-ep≈
tZi-Øn\p ]mXm-f-sa∂pw AhnsS hkn-°p∂
P\-ßƒ°p \mK-∑m-sc∂pw t]¿ ]d-bp-hm-\p≈
ImcWw B tZiw Bcym-h¿Ø-\n-hm-kn-I-fpsS
]mZ-X-e-Øn¬ ÿnXn sNøp-∂p-sh-∂Xpw B
tZi-Ønse cmPmhp \mK-hw-i-Øn¬-˛-\m-K≥
F∂p t]cmb Bfns‚ hwi-Øn¬˛ P\n-®-h\m-sW-∂Xpw BIp-∂p. B \mK-cm-Pm-hns‚
]p{Xn-bmb Deq-]nsb A¿÷p-\\
- mWv hnhmlw
sNbvX-Xv. C£zm-Ip-hns‚ Imew apX¬ Iuch-∑m¿ ]mWvU-h-∑m¿ F∂n-h-cpsS Imew hsc
Bcy-∑m-cpsS cmPy-`-c-W-Øn\pw thZm-[y-b-\Øn\pw Bcym-h¿Ø-Øn¬ am{X-a-√, `qan-bn-
seßpw Aev]mev]w {]Nmcw D≠m-bn-cp∂p
F∂¿Yw. CXn\p {]am-W-ambn IW-°m-°mhp∂ Imcy-an-Xm-Wv.:˛ {_“m-hns‚ ]p{X≥
hncm-´v, hncm-ńs‚ ]p{X≥ a\p, a\p-hns‚
a°ƒ acoNn apX-emb ]Øp-t]¿ Ah-cpsS
a°ƒ, kzbw-`q-h≥ XpSßnb Ggp-cm-Pm-°∑m¿, Ah-cpsS k¥m-\-ß-fmb C£zmIp
apX-emb cmPm-°-∑m¿ Ch-sc-√m-amWv Bcymh¿ØsØ \n¿an-®Xpw Bcym-h¿Ø-Ønse
BZysØ cmPm-°-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂-Xpw.
ASn-a-Ø-Øn\p ImcWw
Ct∏mƒ \n¿`m-Kyw-sIm≠pw `mc-Xo-b-cpsS
aSn, A{i-≤, At\ym\y hntcm[w F∂n-hsIm≠pw Bcy-∑m-cpsS AJWvUhpw kzX{¥hpw kzm[o-\hpw \n¿`-bh
- p-am-bn-´p≈ cmPy`cWw Bcym-h¿Ø-Øn¬ Xs∂ Hcn-S-Øp-an-√.
a‰p≈ cmPy- ß ƒ `cn- ° p- ∂ - X ns‚ IY
]ns∂¥p ]d-bm≥! Bcym-h¿Ø-Øn¬ Bcy∑m-cpsS \mSp-hmgvN Aev]-sa-¶n-ep-ap-s≠-¶nepw
AXpw hntZ-iob B{I-a-W-Øn\p hnt[-b-amIp-∂p. kzX-{¥-cmb cmPm-°-∑m¿ hfsc Ipd®p-t]-tc-bp-≈q. Zp¿Zn-\-ßƒ hcp-tºmƒ P\ßƒ°v At\-I-hn-[-Øn-ep≈ ZpxJ-ßƒ A\p`-hn-t°≠n hcp-∂p.
B¿ F{X hfsc \∑ sNbvXmepw icn,
kztZ-iob `cWw Xs∂-bmWv \mń∂v G‰hpw
\√-Xv. adn®v ]d-™m¬ aX-a-Xm-¥-c-ß-fm-{K-ln°msX Ah-\-h-s‚tbm A\y-cp-sStbm Imcyßfn¬ ]£-t`Zw ImWn-°msX {]P-I-fpsS
t\sc amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m-sc-t∏mse s]cp-am-dns°m≠v Zb, \ymbw F∂n-h-tbm-Sp-IqSn \SØp∂ cmPy-`-cWw t]mepw hntZ-io-b-cp-tS-XmsW-¶n¬ ]q¿W-kp-J-{]-Z-a-√. `n∂ `mj-Iƒ,
sht∆sd ]T-\-co-Xn-Iƒ, hyXy-kvX-ßfmb
s]cp-am-‰-ßƒ F∂n-h-bp-ep≈ hntcm-[sØ
Zqsc XyPn-°p-∂Xv hfsc ZpjvI-c-am-Wv. AXp
]cn-Xy-Pn-°mØ ]£w ]c-kv]cw ]q¿W D]Im-chpw A`n-{]mb sFIyhpw D≠m-hm≥ hfsc
hnj-aa
- m-W.v AXn-\m¬ thZm-Zn-im-k{v X-ßf
- n-ep≈
hyh-ÿI
- t- fbpw Ncn-{X-]m-Tß
- t- fbpw BZ-cn-°p∂Xv k÷-\ß
- f
- psS I¿Ø-hy-am-Ip-∂p.
168
krjvSn-Imew
F´mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
tNmZyw:˛ PK-Øns‚ DXv]-Øn-°p-tijw
F{X-Imew Ign™p?
DØcw:˛ \q‰n-sXm-Æq‰mdp tImSn, Ipsd
e£w, Ipsd Bbncw kwh-’-c-ß-fmWv PKØns\ krjvSn-°p-Ibpw thZ-ßsf {]Im-in∏n-°p-I-bpw sNbvX-Xn\p tijw Ign-™n-´p-≈Xv. Cu hnj-b-sØ-∏‰n Rm≥ cNn-®n-´p≈ `qanI-bn¬ 25 Fgp-Xnbn´p-≈Xp t\m°n-bm-epw.
krjvSnbpw krjvSn-bpsS D≠m-Iepw Cß-s\sb-√m-am-Wv. IqSmsX F√m-‰nepw h®v G‰hpw
kq£va-am-b-Xn\v ˛ Ahn-`m-Py-am-b-Xn-\v˛ ]camWp F∂p t]¿. Adp-]Xp ]c-am-Wp-°ƒ
H∂n- ® p- I q- S n- t ®¿∂- X n\v AWp F∂pw
c≠Wp-°ƒ IqSn-b-Xn\v ZzyWpIw AYhm
ÿqe-hmbp F∂pw t]cm-Wv. aq∂p ZzyWpIw
IqSn- t ®¿∂- X n\v A·n, \mep ZzyWpIw
tN¿∂-Xn\v Pew, A©p ZzyWpIw tN¿∂Xn\v ]rYnhn F∂pw t]cm-Wv. c≠p ZzyWpIw
IqSn-t®¿∂m¬ Hcp {Xk-tc-Wp-hpw, c≠p
{Xk-tcWp IqSn-t®¿∂m¬ ]rYn-hym-Zn-I-fmb
Zriy-]-Zm¿Y-ßfpw D≠mIpw F∂¿Yw. C{]Imcw ]c- a m- W zm- Z n- I sf {Ia- Ø n¬ Iqńt®¿Øv Cuiz-c≥ `qtKm-fm-Zn-Isf \n¿an-®ncn-°p-∂p.
k¿∏hpw Imfbpw
tNmZyw:˛ CXns\ [cn-®p-sIm≠ncn°p-∂Xv
BcmWv? tijs‚ AXm-bXv Bbncw ^Wß-fp≈ k¿∏-Øns‚ inc- n-emWv Cu `qan
ÿnXn- s N- ø p- ∂ Xv F∂v Hcp- h \pw, Ej- ` Øns‚ sImºn-t∑-em-sW∂v CX-c\pw, H∂nt∑-ep-a-s√∂v A]-c\pw, hm-bp-hns\ B{ibn®p \nev°p-s∂∂v C\n-sbm-cp-h\pw ]d-bp∂p. kqcys‚ BI¿j- W - i - ‡ n- s Im≠p
BIr- j vS- a mbn
kzÿm- \ - Ø p- X s∂
\nev°p∂p F∂mWv as‰m-cp-h≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
`qan L\-ta-dn-b-Xm-I-bm¬ BIm-i-Øn¬
At[m-`m-KØ
- nte°v ]Xn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p
F∂v C\n-bp-sam-cmƒ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
CXn-te-XmWp kXyw?
DØcw:˛ k¿∏- c m- P - \ mb tijs‚ inc ntem Imf-bpsS sImºntem BWp `qan
ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂Xv F∂p ]d-bp-∂h
- t- \mSv k¿∏25. ae-bm-f-Øn¬ thZ-]-cy-S\w, thtZm-Xv]Øn F∂
A[ymbw
Øn-t‚tbm Imf-bp-tStbm amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿
P\n-°p∂ ka-bØp `qan FhnsS Bbn-cp∂p?
k¿∏w, Imf apX-em-bh F¥n-t∑-emWp ÿnXnsN-øp-∂Xv? F∂p tNmZn-°-Ww. hrj-`-Øns‚
apI-fn-emWp `qan Ccn-°p-∂-sX∂p ]d-bp∂
apk¬am-∑m¿ au\w ssI sIm≈p-I-tb-bp-≈q.
F∂m¬ k¿∏- Ø ns‚ apI- f n- e m- s W∂p
]dbp∂-h¿ k¿∏w Ba-bpsS ]pd-Øm-sW-∂pw,
Ba sh≈-Øn-em-sW-∂pw, sh≈w A·n-bpsS
D]-cn-`m-KØmsW∂pw, A·n hmbp-hns‚ apIfn-em-sW-∂pw, hmbp BIm-i-Øns‚ apI-fn-emsW∂pw ]d-t™-°pw. Ah-tcmSv ""Ch-sb√mw
Fhn-sS-bm-Wn-cn-°p-∂Xv?'' F∂p tNmZn-°W
- w.
Ah¿ ""Cuiz-c-\n-emW''v F∂p-Øcw ]d-bpw.
tij\pw hrj-`\pw BcpsS a°-fm-sW∂p
Ah-tcmSp tNmZn-®m¬ ""Iiy-]-t‚bpw I{Zphn-s‚bpw ]p{X-\mWv tij-s\∂pw ]iphns‚ Ipń-bmWp Imf'' F∂pw ]d-bpw. Iiy]≥ aco-Nn-bp-sS-bpw, acoNn a\p-hn-s‚-bpw, a\p
hncm-ń-s‚-bpw, hncm´v {_“m-hn-s‚bpw ]p{X∑m-cm-Ip-∂p. {_“mhv BZn-kr-jvSn-bn-ep-≈-h\m-Wv. tij≥ P\n-°p-∂X
- n\p apºv A©p Xeapd Ign-™n-´p-≠t- √m. A°m-eØv `qansb Bcv
[cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂p? Iiy-]s‚ P\-\k
- a
- b
- Øp
`qan F¥n-t∑-em-bn-cp∂p? Cßs\ tNmZn-®m¬
Ah¿°pw DØcw ap´pw. Ie-ln-°m≥ hcpw.
icnbmb kn≤m¥w CXmWv:˛ tijn-®n-cn-°p∂-Xn-s\-bmWv tijw F∂p ]d-bp--∂-Xv. AXpsIm≠v GtXm Hcp-I-hn-˛- ti-jm-[m-cm-]rYn
hoXyp-‡a
- v. tij-\m-Ip∂ B{i-bt- Øm-Sp-Iq-Snb-XmWp `qan F∂p ]d-™n-´p-≠.v AXns‚ Imcya-dn-bmsX k¿∏sØ shdpsX k¶ev]w sIm≠p
krjvSn-®p. F∂m¬, hmkvXh
- Ø
- n¬ DXv]Øn
{]f-bß
- f
- n¬ \n∂p tijn-®h
- \
- mbn ˛thsd-bmbn
Ccn-°p-∂Xp \nanØw Cuiz-cs\ Xs∂-bmWp
tij-s\∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv Cuiz-c\
- m-Ip∂ B[m-ctØmSp IqSn-bX
- mWv Cu ]rYn-hn.
ktXy-t\m-Ø-`nXm `qanx (10. 85.1) EtKz-ZØn-ep≈ kq‡n-bm-Wn-Xv. kXy-kz-cq-]-\mb
Ime-{X-b-Øm¬ _m[n-°-s∏-SmØ Hcn-°epw
\mi-an-√mØ Cuiz-c-\mWv Cu `qan-tbbpw
BZn-Xy-t\bpw kI-e-tem-I-ß-tfbpw [cn-°p26 D£m k Zymhm ]rYnhn _n`¿Xn F∂v EtKz-Zo-b]m-Tw. A\-Uzm≥ Zm[mc ]rYnhoapX-Zymav
F∂v AY¿h-Øn¬
169
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
∂-Xv.
D£mZm[mc ]rXn- h o- a pXZymav (10. 85.
1) 26 CXpw EtKz-Z-Øn-ep≈ hN-\-am-Wv. Cu
D£m I≠n-´mhmw Imf F∂p IqSn A¿Y-ap≈-Xp-sIm≠v Imf `qansb Xmßp-s∂∂v k¶ev ] n- ® - X v . F∂m¬ `qtKm- f sØ [mcWw
sNøm≥ Imfbv°p Ign-hpt≠m F∂v B aqV≥
Nn¥n-®n-√. D£m F∂Xv ag-s]bvXp `qan apgph\pw \\-bv°p∂ kqcys‚ t]cm-Wv. kqcy\mWp Xs‚ BI¿j- W - i - ‡ n- s Im≠p
`qansb [cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬
kqcym-Zn-It- fbpw [cn-°p∂ i‡n Cuiz-\√m-Xm-cp-a√
- .
k¿th-iz-c≥˛ [mc-I≥
tNmZyw:˛ C{X hfsc henb `qtKm- f sØbpw a‰pw [cn-°m≥ Cuiz-c≥ Fßs\
i‡-\mbn?
DØcw:˛ A\-¥-amb BIm-i-Øn¬ `qan
apXemb henb temIßƒ, kap-{Z-Øn¬ PeI-W-sa-∂-t]mse Xosc sNdp-Xm-Wv. Af-h‰
i‡n-bp≈ Cuiz-cs‚ apºn¬ FÆ-a‰ temIßƒ F√mw IqSn Iqń-bm¬ t]mepw Hcp ]cam-Wp-hn\p Xpey-am-hn-√. At±lw AIØpw
]pdØpw F√m-bnSØpw hym]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
""hn`px {]Pmkp'' F∂Xp bPq¿th-Z-Øn-ep≈
hN-\-am-Ip-∂p. (32. 8) B Cuiz-c≥ {]P-I-fnse√mw \nd-™n-cp∂v F√m-‰n-s\bpw [cn-®p-sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p. {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ, apk¬am≥am¿,
]ucm- W n- I ¿ F∂n- h ¿ ]d- b p- ∂ - X p- t ]mse
k¿h-hym-]n-b√ Cuiz-c-s\-¶n¬ C°m-Wm-b
krjv S n apgp- h \pw [cn- ® p- s Im- ≠ n- c n- ∏ m≥
At±lw Hcn-°epw i‡-\-√. Fs¥-∂m¬
Iøn¬ C√mØ Hcp hkvXp-hn-s\bpw B¿°pw
[cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. ""At\ym-\y-ap≈
BI¿j- W - i - ‡ n- s Im- ≠ m- b n- c n°mw Cu
temI-ß-sf√mw \ne-\n-ev°p-∂Xv ]ns∂-¥n\mWv Cuiz- c ≥ [cn- ® p- s Im- ≠ n- c n- ° p- ∂ sX∂pw'' Bsc-¶nepw ]d-t™-°mw. Ah¿°pØ- c - a n- X mWv : ˛ ""Cu krjv S n A\- ¥ tam
km¥tam? A\-¥-am-bn-cn-∏m≥ Xc-an-√. Fs¥∂m¬ BIr-Xn-bp≈ hkvXp Hcn-°epw A\¥-am-bn-cn-°n-√. km¥amsW∂p]d-™mtem?
temI-ßf
- psS AXn¿Øn-bn¬ thsdmcp temIw
27. kZm-[c ]rYn-how-Kym-ap-tX-amav F∂p ]mTw
C√mØ Zn°n¬ GXns‚ BI¿jWw
sIm≠mWv Ah-bpsS [mcWw kw`-hn-°p∂Xv? At\Iw hr£-ß-fpsS Iq´sØ h\w
F∂ i_v Z w- s Im≠v hnh- £ n- ° p- ∂ - X n\v
kajvSnsb∂pw Hmtcm hr£- s Øbpw
sht∆sd KWn-°p-∂-Xn\p hyjvSn F∂pw ]dbp-∂p. `qan XpS-ßnb kI-e-tem-I-ß-tfbpw
ka-jvSn-bm-bn-´mWv PKØv F∂v ]d-bp-∂-sX¶n¬ B k-a-jvSn-bmb PK-Øns‚ BI¿jWhpw [mc-Whpw {kjvv-Sm-hmb ]c-ta-iz-\√msX a‰m¿°pw Bhp-I-bn-√. PK-Øns‚ cNbn-Xmhv Ah≥ Xs∂. ˛ k Zm-[mc ]rYnhow
apX-Zymav (13-˛4) 27
bPq¿th-Z-Øn-ep≈ hN-\-am-Wn-Xv. {]Im-ic-ln-X-ß-fmb ]rYn-hym-Zn-tem-I-ß-tfbpw a‰p
]Zm¿Y-ßsfbpw kzbw {]Im-i-apff kqcym-Zntem-I-ßƒ CXc-h-kvXp-°ƒ F∂n-h-tbbpw
krjv S n- ° p- I bpw [cn- ° p- I bpw sNøp- ∂ Xp
Cuiz- c - \ m- I p- ∂ p. k¿h- h ym- ] n- b mb Ah≥
Xs∂- bmWp kI- e - P - K - Øn- s‚bpw krjv S nI¿Øm-hv, Ah≥X-s∂-bmWp PK-Øns\ apgph≥ [cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
`qan-bpsS {à-Ww
tNmZyw:˛ `qanbpw a‰p temI-ßfpw Id-ßp∂pthm ÿnc-ambn \nev°p-∂pthm?
DØcw:˛ Id-ßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ kqcy≥ Xncn-bp-∂p. `qan Xncn-bp∂n√ F∂p Nne¿. `qan-bmWp Xncn-bp-∂-Xv,
kqcy≥ Xncn-bp-∂n√ F∂p thsd Nne¿.
GXmWv kXyw?
DØcw:˛ c≠pw ]IpXn Ak- X y- a m- W v .
Fs¥-∂m¬, thZ-Øn¬ ]d™n´p≈Xv C{]Im-c-am-Ip∂p:˛ Bbw Kux ]riv\n-c-{I-ao-ZkZ∑m-Xcw ]pcx ]nXcw N {]b≥’zx (bPp. 3. 6) Cu `qtKmfw Pe-tØm-Sp-IqSn kqcys‚
Np‰pw Id- ß n- s °m- ≠ n- c n- ° p∂p F∂mWv
CXns‚ A¿Yw. AXn-\m¬ `qan-bmWv {]Zn£Ww sNøp-∂-Xv.
B IrjvtW\ cPkm hcvØ-amt\m \nthi-b∂ arXwacvXyw N; lnc-Wy-tb\ khnXm
ctY\m tZthm-bmXn `ph-\m\n ]iy≥ (b-Pp.
33. 43)
h¿jm-Zn-I-fpsS I¿Ømhpw {]Im-i-kz-cq]\pw tXtPm-a-b\pw ca-Wo-b-kz-cq]nbp-amb
170
F´mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
khn-Xmhv AYhm kqcy≥ Ncm-N-c-ß-fn-se√mw
Aar-X-h¿jw s]mgn-®v˛ Inc-Wm-arXw {]th-in∏n- ® v ˛ aq¿Ø- a mb kIe ]Zm¿Y- ß - t fbpw
ImWn®v F√m temIß-fp-ambn BI¿jW
KpW-tØmSp IqSn Xs‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬ am{Xw
{àWw sNøp-∂p. kqcy≥ at‰-sX-¶nepw temIØn\p Np‰pw Xncn- b p- ∂ n- √ . C{]- I mcw
Hmtcmtcm kuca-WvU-e-Ønepw Hcp kqcy≥
{]Im-i-I\pw a‰p≈ temI-tem-Im-¥-c-ßƒ
{]Im-iy-ß-fp-am-Wv.
Znhn-tkmtam A[n-{inXx (A-Y¿h. 14. 1.1)
Cu N{µ-temIw kqcy-\m¬ {]Im-in-Xa
- m-IpwhÆw `qanbpw a‰v {Kl-ßfpw kqcys‚ {]Imi-Øm-em-W t{X {]Im-in-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬
cmhpw ]Iepw kZm D≠v. `qanbpw a‰p temIßfpw {àWw sNøp-tºmƒ kqcys‚ t\sc
hcp∂ hiØv ]I-epw, kqcy-\n¬ \n∂p adhp
hcp-∂n-SØp cm{Xn-bp-am-Wv. DZ-bw, AkvX-a-\w,
k‘y, a≤ym-”w, a≤y-cm{Xn XpSßn F{X kab-t`-Z-ß-fpt≠m Ah-sb√mw Hcn-S-Ø-s√-¶n¬
as‰m- c n- S Øv kw`- h n- ° p- s a- ∂ ¿∞w. Bcymh¿Ø-Øn¬ kqtcym-Zbw D≠m-Ip-tºmƒ ]mXmf-Øn¬-˛-A-ta-cn-°-bn¬˛ kqcym-kvX-a-b-am-Wv.
Bcym-h¿Ø-Øn¬ kqcy≥ AkvXa
- n-°p-tºmƒ
Ata-cn-°-bn¬ DZ-b-am-Ipw. Bcymh¿Ø-Øn¬
D®-bm-Ip-tºmƒ Ata-cn-°-bn¬ ]mXn-cmhpw
Bcym-h¿Ø-Øn¬ ]mXn-c-bm-Ip-tºmƒ Atacn-°-bn¬ D®bpw Bbn-cn-°pw.
kqcy≥ Id- ß p- s ∂∂pw `qan Id- ß p- ∂ ns√∂pw ]d-bp-∂-h¿ A⁄-cm-Wv. `qan {àWw
sNbvXn-s√-¶n¬ kl-{km-_vZ-ßƒ ]Iepw
cmhpw \o≠p-\n-ev°pw. kqcys‚ t]cp-I-fnsem∂p {_[v\≥ 28 F∂m-Wv. `qan-tb-°mƒ
At\-I-e£w aSßp hen-∏-ap-≈Xpw `qan-bn¬
\n∂v t{Imi-tIm-Sn-Iƒ AI-se-bp-am-sW-∂¿Yw.
ISp- I n\p Np‰pw ]¿hXw Xncn- b p- ∂ - ] £w
AXn\p hfsc t\cw th≠nh-cpw. ISp-In\p
kzbw Xncn-bp-hm≥ hf-sc-t\cw th≠-Xm-\pw.
AtX hn[-Øn¬, `qan-bpsS {à-W-Øm-emWv
cmhpw ]Iepw bYm- t bm- K y- a p- ≠ m- I p- ∂ - X v .
kqcy≥ Xncn-bp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠-√. kqcy≥ ÿnc\m-sW∂p ]d-bp-∂-h¿°v tPymXn-»mkv{Xw
Adn-bp-I-bn-√. kqcy≥ Xncn-bp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ Hcp
28. Akuhm BZntXym {_[v\x (iX 13.2.6.1)
cminbn¬\n∂p as‰mcp cmin-bn-te-°v˛ Hcp
ÿm\Øp \n∂v as‰mcp ÿm\-tØ-°v˛ kw{Ian-°p-Ib
- n-s√∂p am{X-a√
- , L\-ap≈ hkvXp-hn\v
{à- W - c - l n- X - a mbn BIm- i - Ø n¬ Htc
ÿm\Øp \nev°p-hm≥ km[y-hp-a√
- . ""`qan Xncnbp-∂n-√, Iogvt]m´p Iogvt]m´p hoWp-sIm-≠ncn-°p-IbmWp sNøp∂Xv. c≠p kqcy-∑mcpw
c≠p N{µ-∑mcpw Pw_p-Zzo]-Øn¬ am{X-tabp- ≈ q.'' F∂p ]d- b p∂ ssP\- a - X - ° mcpw
I©m-hns‚ el-cn-bn¬ apgp-In-bn-cn-°p-I-bmsW∂p tXm∂p-∂p. `qan Iogvt]m´p s]mbvs°m≠n-cn-°p-Ib
- mWp sNøp-∂s
- X-¶n¬ Np‰pw hmbpa-WvUew C√m-Xmbn On∂-`n-∂-am-bn-t∏m-Ipw.
\nav\-{]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ hkn-°p-∂-h¿°p hmbphns‚ kv]¿iw e`n-°p-I-bn-√. D]-cn-`m-K-Ønep-≈-h¿°p hmbp A[nIw In´p-Ibpw sNøpw.
hmbp-hns‚ KXn kZm Hcp-t]mse Bbn-cn-°pIbpw sNøpw. c≠p-kq-cy-∑mcpw c≠p N{µ-∑mcp-ap-s≠-¶n¬ cm{Xnbpw IrjvW-]-£hpw D≠mhp-I-bn-√. AXn-\m¬ `qan-bpsS ASpØv Hcp
N{µ\pw At\Iw tKmf-ß-fpsS a[y-Øn¬ Hcp
kqcy\pw am{Xta D≈q.
a‰p-tem-I-ß-fnepw Poh-Pm-e-ß-fp-≠v.
tNmZyw:˛ kqcy≥, N{µ≥ \£-{X-ßƒ
F∂nh F¥p hkvXp-°-fmWv? Ahbn¬
a\p- j y≥XpS- ß n- b p≈ krjv S n- P m- e - ß ƒ
Dt≠m C√tbm?
DØcw:˛ C∏-d™ tKmf-ß-sf√mw temIßƒ BIp-∂p. Ah-bn¬ a\p-jymZn Pohn-Iƒ
hkn-°p-∂p-≠v. Fs¥-∂m¬˛
GtXjp loZMv kcvhw hkp lnX-tatX
lnMv kcvhw hmk-bt¥ XZym-ZnZwMv kcvhw
hmk-bt¥ Xkvam Zzkh CXn. (i{X. Im.
14) 29
]rYn- h n, Pew, A·n, hmbp, BImiw,
N{µ≥, \£-{Xw, kqcy≥ F∂n-hbv°p hkp°ƒ F∂p t]cp h∂Xv Ah-bn¬ F√m NcmN-c-ßfpw hkn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw Ahsb Ah
29 iX-]Yw 14.6.9.4
30 am\-hmZn Pohn-Iƒ C√m-Ø-h-sb-¶nepw Ah-bpsS
hmk-Øn\p tlXp-hm-I-bm¬ hkp F∂p-t]-cm-bn.
hoSns‚ ta¬°q-c-bn¬ a\p-jy≥ ]m¿°p-∂n-s√-¶nepw
AXpw hoSns‚ `mK-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse, N{µ-\n¬
Pohn-I-fn-se-¶nepw \ΩpsS `qan-bnse hmk-Øn\v
N{µ≥ klm-bn-°p-∂p.
171
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
hkn-∏n-°p-∂X
- p-sIm≠pw BWv. F√m-‰n-s‚bpw
hmk-`q-an-bm-b-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Ahbv°v hkp°ƒ F∂p t]¿ h∂-Xv.30 kqcy\pw N{µ\pw
\£-{X-ßfpw ]rYn-hn-sb-t∏mse hkp-°-fmsW-¶n¬ Ah-bnepw CtX-hn-[-Øn¬ Poh-Pme-ßƒ Ds≠∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xn-se¥n\p i¶n-°Ww. Cuiz-c-\n¿an-X-amb Cu sNdn-b-temIw
a\p-jymZn krjvSn-Pm-e-ßfm¬ \nd™ncns°
a‰p temI-ß-sf√mw iq\y-ß-fm-bn-cn-°ptam?
Cuiz-cs‚ {]hrØn-sbm∂pw \njv-{]-tbm-P-\a-√. AkwJyw temI-tem-Im-¥-c-ß-fn¬ a\pjymZn krjvSn-I-fn-s√-¶n¬ Ah-bpsS {]tbmP-\s
- a¥v? AXn-\m¬ kI-et- em-Iß
- fnepw am\hmZn krjvSn-Iƒ D≠v.
BIr-Xn-t`Zw hcmw
tNmZyw:˛ a\p-jymZn krjv-Sn-Pm-e-ß-fpsS
BIr-Xnbpw Ah-b-h-ßfpw Cu temI-Ønte-Xp-t]m-setbm? AtXm `n∂tam CX-c-temI-ß-fn-ep-≈Xv?
DØcw:˛ Ipd®v BIr-Xn-t`-Zw,hcmw. `qan-bn¬
Xs∂ ssN\, B{^n-°, Bcy-h¿Øw, bqtdm∏v
F∂o {]tZ-i-ß-fn-ep-≈-h-cpsS BIr-Xn, Ahb-h-ßƒ, \ndw F∂n-h-bn¬ sX√p t`Z-ap-≈Xp-t]mse temIm-¥-c-ß-fnepw hcmw. F∂m¬
Cu temI-Øn¬ krjvSn-®n-´p≈ P\p-kp-I-sft∏m-se-Xs∂ A\y-tem-I-ß-fnepw krjvSn-®ncn-°p-∂p. IqSmsX IÆv apX-emb AwK-ß-fpsS
ÿm\w temI-Øn¬ ImW-s∏-Spw-t]mse Xs∂bmWv temIm- ¥ - c - ß - f nepw D≈- X v . Fs¥∂m¬˛ kqcym-N-{µ-aku [mXm bYm-]qcvh-aI-ev]-bXv Znhnw N ]rYnhowNm¥-cn-£-atYm
kzx (E. 10. 190. 3)
kqcy≥, N{µ≥, BIm-iw, `qan. A¥-cn£w
Ah-bn-ep≈ kpJ-ßƒ, hnin-jvS-h-kvXp-°ƒF-∂n-hs
- b√mw [mXm-hmb Cuiz-c≥ ap≥I-ev]ß-fn¬ krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse Xs∂-bmWv, Cu Iev]Ø
- nepw krjvSn-®n-´p-≈X
- v. temIm¥-c-ß-fnepw Cß-s\-X-s∂-bm-Wv. H´pta A¥c-an-√.
Iƒ cmPy-Øns‚ F√m {]tZ-i-ß-fnepw Htc
hn[-Øn¬ Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse cmP-cm-tPiz-c-\mb Cuiz-cs‚ thZ-ß-fn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-Xamb \oXnbpw At±-l-Øns‚ krjvSn km{amPy-Ønse kI-e-tem-I-ß-fnepw H∂p-X-s∂-bmWv.
Pohm-flm-°fpw {]Ir-Xnbpw
Cuiz-c-\-[o\w
tNmZyw:˛ Pohm-flm-°fpw {]Ir-Xn-bn-ep≈
]Zm¿Y-ßfpw A\m-Znbpw Cuiz-c-krjvS-a√m-Ø-Xp-am-sW-¶n¬ Ah-bn¬ Cuiz-c\v
A[n-Im-cta D≠m-Im≥ ]mSn-√. Fs¥-∂m¬
F√mw kzX-{¥ßfm-Wt√m?
DØcw:˛ cmPmhpw {]P-Ifpw ka-Im-eo-\cmIp-∂p. {]P-Iƒ cmPm-hns‚ A[o-\-Øn-em-Wncn-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-t]mse Pohm-flm-°fpw PU]-Zm¿Y-ßfpw Cuiz-cs‚ A[o-\-Øn-emWv.
Cuiz-c≥ temIßsf krjvSn-°p-∂p. Pohm-flm°ƒ°p I¿a-êw sImSp-°p-∂p. F√m-‰n-s\bpw
th≠pw hÆw c£n-°p-∂p. Af-h‰ i‡n-bp≈-h-\pam-Wv. At∏mƒ AXy-ev]-amb i‡nbp≈ Pohm-flm-°fpw PU-]-Zm¿Y-ßfpw F¥psIm≠v At±-l-Øns‚ A[o-\-Øn-em-bn-°qSm?
F∂m¬ I¿aw sNøp-∂-Xn¬ Poh≥ kzX-{¥\m-Wv. I¿a-^-e-ßƒ A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xn-em-Is´
Cuiz-cs‚ hyh-ÿbv°v A[o\-\p-am-Wv. AXpt]m-se-Xs∂ PK-Øns‚ krjvSn ÿnXn-kwlm-c-ßƒ \S-Øp-∂Xpw k¿h-i-‡n-am-\mb
Cuiz-c≥ Xs∂-bm-Wv.
ASpØ kap-√m-k-Øn¬ hnZy, Ahn-Zy,
_‘w, tam£w F∂o hnj-b-ßƒ {]Xn-]m-Zn°mw.
{ioa-±-bm-\-µ-k-c-kz-Xo-kzm-an-Iƒ cNn®
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-i-Ønse
krjvSypev]Øn-ÿnXn {]f-b-hn-j-b-ßƒ
{]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂
F´mw kap-√mkw Ign-™p.
thZw a‰p-tem-I-ß-fnepw
tNmZyw:˛ Cu temI-Øn¬ {]Im-in-X-amb
thZ-ßƒ Xs∂-bmtWm a‰p≈ temI-ß-fnep-ap-≈Xv? AtXm thsdtbm?
DØcw:˛ Chn-sS-bp≈ thZ-ßƒ Xs∂. Hcp
cmPm-hns‚ cmPy-`-c-Ww, \oXn-\ym-b-hy-h-ÿ172
H≥]Xmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
9
H≥]Xmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Imiw
hnZy, AhnZy, _‘-\w, tam£w
AY hnZymhnZy,_‘-tam£w hnjbw {]h£ymax
C\n hnZy, AhnZy, _‘-\w, tam£w F∂o hnj-b-ßƒ hymJym-\n-°p-∂p.
hnZymw NmhnZymw N bkvX-tZz-tZm-`bMv
kl Ahn-Zybm arXypw XocvXzm hnZybmf
arX-a-iv\ptX (b-Pp. 40. 14)
hnZy-bp-sSbpw Ahn-Zy-bp-sSbpw kzcq-]-sas¥∂v Htc kabw Xs∂ Adn-bp∂ a\p-jy≥
Ahn-Zy 1 bm¬ AYhm I¿tam-]m-k-\-I-fm¬
1 AhnZym F∂ ]Z-Øn\v c≠p kam-k-ß-fp-≠v. \Rv
Xv]pcp-j-\pw, _lq-{ho-ln-bpw. a{¥-Ønse AhnZym
\Rv. XXv]p-cp-j-k-am-Wv. \ hnZym = Ahn-Zym. Fs¥∂m¬ BZyp-Zm-Ø-am-Wn-Xv. \Rv XXv]p-cp-j-\n¬ DØc-]-Z-Øn\p \ntj[w Iev]n-°-bm¬ AXn-\-\p-k-cn®v
A¿YsØ t_m[n-∏n-°p-∂p. \Rn-h-bp-‡-a\y kZrim-[n-I-c-tW-X-Ym-ly¿Y-KXnx F∂-a-lm-`m-jy-h-N\w
(3.1.12) CXn\p {]am-W-am-Wv.) A\-iz-am-\b F∂
B⁄bv°v `rXy≥ khm-cn°p sIm≈m-hp∂ IpXn-cb-√mØ \mevImen arKsØ sIm≠p-hc
- pw. hnZy, I¿aw
F∂n-hbv°v imkv{X-ß-fn¬ kl-h¿ØnXzw ]d-™n´p-≠v. XwhnZym I¿aWn ka-\zm-ct- `tX ]q¿h-{]-⁄mN
(_r-l-Zm-c-WyI D]-\n-jØv 4. 4. 2 \ncp-‡. 14.7) CXn.⁄m\w I¿aw ]q¿hw-˛-hm-k-\, kvXpXn, kwkvImcw
F∂nh Bflm-hn-t\m-sSm∏w t]mIp-∂p. C°m-c-WØm¬ Ahn-Zy-sb-∂X
- n-\. hnZy-bn-√mØ F∂m¬ X’Zr-i-amb I¿a-sa∂v {Kln-°-Ww. CXv {KŸ-Im-c≥
AhnZy sb hymJym-\n-°p-tºmƒ kv^pSo-Ic
- n-°p-∂p-≠v.
_lp-{holn kam-k-Ønse AhnZy \mkvXn hnZym-˛-bYm¿Y- ⁄ m\w bkym- k m- ˛ - G - X n- e mtWm bYm¿Y
⁄m\-an-√m-ØXv AØcw hn]-co-X-⁄m-\-Øn\v ]dbp∂ t]cmWv. sshtijnI Z¿i-\Ø
- nepw C{µn-bt- ZmjmXv kwkvImc tZmjm®m hnZym-X-±pjvSw ⁄m\-av.
(9.2.10&11) C{µn-b-˛-kw-kvImc tZmj-ß-fm-ep-≠m-Ip∂
AhnZy Zpjn-∏n-°p∂ ⁄m\-amWv Ahn-Zy-sb∂p ]dbp-∂p. tbmK kq{X-Ønse Ahn-Zybv°v Cu A¿∞sa-Sp-°W
- w.
ac-WsØ Pbn-®v, hnZy-sIm≠v AYhm bYm¿Y⁄m-\w-sIm-≠v˛ tam£w {]m]n-°p-∂p. AhnZy-bpsS e£Ww:˛
A\n-Xym-ipNn ZpxJm-\m-flkp \nXy-ipNn
kpJm-flJym Xnc-hn-Zym 2
CXp tbmKim-kv{X-Ønse kq{X-am-Ip-∂p.
A\n-Xy-amb kwkm-c-Ønepw ico-cm-Zn-I-fnepw
\nXy-Xz-_p-≤n˛ I≠n´pw tIń´pw I≠pw-tI´pw
Adn- b p∂ Cu {]©w A\m- Z n- b m- s W∂pw
icocw F∂pw \ne-\n-ev°psa-∂p-ap≈ hn]-coX- ⁄ m- \ - h p- a mWv Ahn- Z y- b psS BZysØ
AwKw. Aip-Nn-bmb AXm-bXv amen-\y-ab
- a
- mb
hkvXp-°-fnepw anYym-`m-jWw tamjWw apXemb A]-hn-{X-I¿a-ßf
- nepw ]hn-{X-XI
- m-Wp∂
_p≤n-bmWv Ahn-Zy-bpsS c≠m-asØ AwKw.
hnj-b-kp-J-Øns‚ AXy-¥-tk-h-\-am-Ip∂
ZpxJ-Øn¬ kpJ-_p≤n ImWp-∂Xv Ahn-ZybpsS aq∂m-asØ AwKhpw A\m-fl-h-kvXp°sf Bflm-hm-sW∂p sX‰n-≤c
- n-°p-∂Xv AhnZy- b psS \mem- a sØ AwKhpw BIp- ∂ p.
Cßs\ \mep hn[-Øn-ep≈ hn]-coX ⁄m\sØ-bmWv Ahn-Zy-sb∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
hnZy-˛-e-£Ww
CXn\p hn]-co-X-ambn A\n-Xy-Øn¬ A\n2 tbmK-kq{Xw ˛ km[-\-]mZw 5
175
hnZy˛A-hn-Zy-˛-_‘\w-˛-tam£w
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Xy-X. \nXy-Øn¬ \nXyX. ]hn-{X-a-√m-Ø-Xn¬
A]-hn-{X-X, ]hn-{X-Xb
- n¬ ]hn-{XX ZpxJ-Øn¬
ZpxJw, kpJ- Ø n¬ kpJw A\m- fl - X - b n¬
Bfl-`n-∂-X, Bflm-hn¬ BflX F∂n-h-ImWp- ∂ - X mWv hnZy ""thØn bYm- h - Ø Øz
]ZmcvY-kz-cq]w bbm km hnZym. bbm XØzkz-cq]w \ Pm\mXn {`Z-\ykvan ∂\y-∂n-ivNnt\mXn bbm km AhnZym'' GXn-\m¬ ]Zm¿YßfpsS bYm¿Ykzcq]w Adn-bp-∂pthm AXns\-bmWp hnZy F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv. GsXm-∂n\m¬ XØz-kz-cq]w Adn-bp-∂n-√tbm GXn-\m¬
Hcp hkvXp-hn¬ as‰mcp hkvXp-hns‚ AkvXnXz-t_m[w D≠m-Ip-∂pthm AXns\ AhnZy
F∂pw ]d-bp-∂p.
AhnZy
I¿ahpw D]m-k-\bpw Ahn-Zy-bm-Wv. ImcWw, Ah _mly-ßfpw B¥-c-ß-fp-amb
{Inbm-hn-ti-j-ß-fm-Wv, ⁄m\-a-√. AXp-sIm≠p-Xs
- ∂-bmWv Cu a{¥-Øn¬ ""]cn-ip-≤-amb
I¿aw A\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw Cuiz-cs\ D]m-kn°p-Ibpw sNømsX arXyp-Zpx-JsØ Bcpw
XcWw sNøp-∂n-√.'' F∂p ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xv.
]mh-\-amb I¿am-\p-jvTm-\w, ]hn-{X-amb D]mk\, ]cn-ip-≤-amb ⁄m\w F∂n-h-sImt≠
tam£w In´p-I-bp-≈q. Ak-Xy-`m-jWw XpSßnb ZpjvI¿a-ßƒ, hn{K-lm-cm-[-\, anYym⁄m\w F∂n-h-I-fmepw _‘-\-am-Wp-≠m-Ip∂-Xv F∂¿Yw. I¿aw, D]m-k-\, ⁄m\w,
F∂n-hb
- √
- msX Hcp \nanjw t]mepw a\p-jy\p
\ne-\n¬∏n-√. 3 AXn-\m¬ kXy-`m-j-WmZn
[¿a-bp-‡-I¿a-ßƒ A\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw anYymkw-`m-j-WmZn A[¿a-ßsf XyPn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂Xp am{X-amWv tam£-Øn-\p≈ D]mbw
_‘hpw tam£hpw thZm-¥hpw
tNmZyw:˛ tam£w In´m- X n- c n- ° p- ∂ Xv
B¿°mWv?
DØcw:˛ _‘n-X\v
tNmZyw:˛ _‘n-X-\m-cmWv?
DØcw:˛ A[¿a-Ønepw A⁄m-\-Ønepw
AI-s∏´ Pohm-flm-hmWv _‘n-X≥
tNmZyw:˛ _‘hpw tam£hpw kzm`m-hn3 \ln I›nXv £W-a]n PmXp XnjvTXy Icva-IrXv
Imcy-tX-ly-hiyx Icva kcvhx {]IrXn ssPcvKpssW
(KoX 3.5)
I-ambn D≠m-Ip-∂tXm GsX-¶nepw \nan-ØØm¬ In´p-∂tXm?
DØcw:˛ \nan-Ø-Øm¬ e`n-°p-∂Xp Xs∂.
_‘-tam-£-ßƒ kzX-kn-≤-ß-fm-sW-¶n¬
Ah Hcn-°epw C√m-Xm-hp-I-bn-√-t√m.
tNmZyw:˛ \ hntcmt[m \ tNmXv]-Øncv \
_t≤m \ N km[Ix \ apap-£cv \ ssh
ap‡n cntXyj ]c-am¿YnXm. 4
Cu ImcnI amWvUq-tIym-]-\n-j-Øn-t∑-ep≈- X m- W v . Poh≥ {_“- a m- b - X p- s Im- ≠ v
hkvXpXx Poh\p \ntcm-[-tam, Bh-c-W-Øne-I-s∏-S-tem, P∑-sa-Sp-°-tem, _‘-\tam
C√. tam£- k m- [ - \ - ß - f - \ p- j v S n- ° p- ∂ n- √ .
tam£w t\Sp- h m≥ C—n- ° p- ∂ n- √ . Poh\v
Hcn°epw tam£w e`n-°p-∂n-√. Fs¥-∂m¬
hmkvX-h-Øn¬ _‘\ta D≠m-bn-ń-s√-¶n¬
]ns∂ tam£-sa-¥mWv?
DØcw:˛ \ho- \ - t hZm¥n- I - f psS Cu
hm°pIƒ kXy-a-√. Poh≥ Aev]-kzcq-]n-bmb-Xn-\m¬ Bh-c-W-Øn¬ AI-s∏-Sp-∂p. 5
icocw [cn®v hy‡n-bmbn P\n-°p-∂p. ]m]I¿a-ß-fpsS êm\p-`-h-am-Ip∂ _‘-\-Øn¬
IpSp-ßp-∂p. AXn¬ \n∂p hn´p-t]m-Ip-hm-\p≈
A\p-jvTm\w sNøp-∂p. ZpxJ-\n-hrØn B{K-ln°p-∂p. ZpxJ-ß-fn¬ \n∂p ap‡-\mbn ]c-am-\µ-cq-]n-bmb Cuiz-cs\ {]m]n®p ssIh-eykpJw A\p-`-hn-°p-∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ Cu [¿a-ß-sf√mw ico-c-Ønt‚Xpw A¥x-Ic
- W
- Ø
- n-t‚-Xp-am-Wv. Pohm-flmhn- t ‚- X - √ . Poh≥ ]m]- ] p- W y- c - l n- X \pw
km£n am{X-hp-am-Wv. iotXm-jvWm-Zn-Iƒ
ico-cØ
- ns‚ am{Xw [¿a-am-Wv. Bflm-hm-Is´
\n¿te-]-\pw.
DØcw:˛ tZlhpw A¥x-I-c-Whpw PU-amWv. Ahbv°v iotXm-jvW-ß-fp-≠m-hp-Itbm
A\p-`q-X-am-hp-Itbm C√. ssNX-\y-ap≈ a\pjymZn Pohn-Iƒ kv]¿in-°p-tºmƒ am{Xta
iotXm-jvW-ßfpsS ⁄m\hpw A\p-`-hhpw
D≠m-hp-I-bp-≈q. AXp-t]mse AtN-X-\-amb
{]mW\v hni∏pw Zmlhpw D≠m-Ip-∂n-√. {]mW4 KuU-]m-Zob ImcnI 2. 32 AhnsS ap‡ CtXyjm
F∂p ]mTw
5 ⁄m\w ]cn-amWw kma¿Yyw F∂n-h-bn¬ ]c-am-flmhns\ At]-£n®v Poh≥ Aev]-\m-Wv.
176
H≥]Xmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
\p≈ Pohm- fl m- ° ƒ°p am{Xta hni∏pw
Zmlhpw D≠m-Ip-∂p-≈q. AXp-t]mse a\ pw
PU-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v AXn\v kpJhpw ZpxJhpw
D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. a\-kp-sIm≠v l¿j-tim-I-ßtf-bpw, kpJ-Zpx-J-ß-tfbpw A\p-`-hn-°p-∂Xp
Pohm-flm-hm-Wv. _mtly-{µn-b-ß-fmb sNhn
apX-em-bh
- b
- m¬ \√Xpw NoØ-bp-amb i_vZmZn
hnj-b-ßsf {Kln®v Pohm-flmhv kpJnbpw
ZpxJn-bp-am-Ip-∂-Xp-t]mse A¥x-I-c-W-ß-fmb
a\- v, _p≤n, NnØw, Al-¶m-cw, F∂n-hb
- m¬
k¶-ev]w, hnI-ev]w, \n›-bw, kvac-W, A`nam\w F∂nh sNbvXv in£bpw kΩm-\hpw
Poh≥ t\Sp-∂p. hmƒ sIm≠p-sIm-√p-∂-\mWp
in£m¿l≥. hmf-√. AXp-t]mse icocw C{µnb-ßƒ, A¥x-I-cWw, {]mW≥ F∂o D]-I-cW-ß-sf-s°m≠p \∑bpw Xn∑bpw sNøp∂
Pohm-flm-hmWv kpJ-Zpx-J-ß-fpsS t`m‡m-hv.
Pohm- fl mhv I¿a- ß - f psS km£n- b - √ ,I¿Ømhpw t`m‡m- h p- a m- W v . I¿a- ß fpsS
km£n AZzn-Xo-b-\mb ]c-am-flmhv am{X-am-Wv.
I¿aw-sN-øp∂ Pohm-flmhp am{Xta I¿a-ßfm¬ _‘n-X-\m-hp-∂p-≈q. Pohm-flmhv Cuizct\m km£ntbm A√.
tNmZyw:˛ Poh≥ {_“-Øns‚ {]Xn-_nw_- a m- I p- ∂ p. IÆmSn s]mń- Ø - I ¿∂mepw
{]Xn-_nw-_-Øn\v tIm´-sam∂pw X´p-∂n-√.
AXp-t]mse {_“-Øns‚ {]Xn-_nw-_-amb
Poh≥ A¥x-I-c-tWm-]m[n \ne-\n-ev°p-∂-Xphsc AXn¬ \ne-\n-ev°p-∂p. A¥x-I-cWw
\in-°p-tºmƒ Poh≥ ap‡n-{]m-]n-°p-∂p.
DØcw:˛ C∏-d-™Xv shdpw _men-i-am-Wv.
kmIm-c-am-b-Xn\p am{Xta as‰m-∂n¬ {]Xn_nw_w D≠m-Iq. apJ-Øn\pw IÆm-Sn°pw
BIr-Xn-bp-≠v. Ah sht∆-sd-bp-am-Wv. sht∆sd- b - s √- ¶ n¬ {]Xn- _ nw_w D≠m- h p- I - b n- √ .
{_“w \ncm-Im-chpw k¿h-hym-]n-bp-am-I-bm¬
{_“-Øn\v {]Xn-_nw-_ta D≠m-hp-I-bn-√.
tNmZyw:˛ t\m°q! Bg-ta-dnb kz—-P-eØn¬ \ncm-Im-chpw hym]-Ih
- p-amb BImiw
{]Xn-^-en-°p-∂p. C{]-Imcw kz—-amb A¥xI-c-W-Øn¬ ]c-am-flm-hns‚ B`mkw ({]-Xn^-e-\w) D≠m-Ip-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂bmWv AXns\ NnZm-`mkw F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
DØcw:˛ CXpw shdpw _men-i-amb anYymhm-°p-I-fm-Wv. BImiw Zriy-a-s√-∂n-cnt°
IÆp≈ B¿°mWv AXns\ ImWm-\m-hpI?
tNmZyw:˛ \oe- \ n- d - Ø n¬ s]mSn- ] - S ew
t]mse apI-fn¬ ImWp∂ \oena BIm-iat√?
DØcw:˛ A√.
tNmZyw:˛ AsX-¥mWv ]ns∂?
DØcw:˛ ]rYn-hn, Pew, tXP v F∂n-hbpsS hn`n-∂{- X-kt- c-Wp-°f
- mWv AhnsS ImWp∂-Xv. AXn¬ ImWp∂ \oe-\ndw Pem-[n-IywsIm- ≠p- ≠m- b- X m- W v . ag- bmbn h¿jn- ° p∂
sh≈w Xs∂-bmWp \oe-\n-d-Øn¬ ImWp-∂Xv. s]mSn-]-Sew t]mep-≈Xv `qan-bn¬ \n∂p
s]m¥n- ∏ - d ∂p hmbp- h n¬ Np‰n- Ø n- c n- b p∂
s]mSn-bm-Wv. Ah-bpsS {]Xn-_nw-_a
- mWv sh≈Ønepw IÆm-Sn-bnepw ImWp-∂-Xv. BIm-i-Ønt‚-X-√.
D]m-[n-t`-Z-ß-f-√. Cuiz-c\pw Poh\pw
tNmZyw:˛IpSm-Im-iw, aTm-Im-iw, taLm-Imiw, al-Zm-Imiw F∂n-ßs\ `n∂ hyh-lmc- ß ƒ ImWp- ∂ - X p- t ]mse {_“- m - W v U w,
A¥xI-cWw F∂o D]m-[n-I-fpsS t`Z-Øm¬
{_“-Øns\ Cuiz-c≥ F∂pw Poh≥ F∂pw
]d-bp-∂p. IpSm-Zn-Iƒ C√m-Xm-Ip-tºmƒ almIm-i-sa∂p am{Xta ]d-bm-dp-≈q.
DØcw:˛ CXpw ]mac hN-\-am-Wv. BImiw
Hcn- ° epw On∂- ` n- ∂ - a m- I p- ∂ n- √ . {]tbm- K Ønepw ""IpSw sIm≠p-h-cnI'' F∂mWv ]dbp-I. ""IpSm-Imiw sIm≠phcq'' F∂mcpw ]dbp-I-bn-√. AXn-\m¬ CXp icn-b-√.
tNmZyw:˛ IS-en¬ a’yhpw a‰p Pe-P-¥p°fpw BIm-i-Øn¬ ]£n-Ifpw a‰pw k©cn- ° p- ∂ - X p- t ]m- s ebpw NnZm- I m- i - { _- “ Øn¬A¥x-I-c-W-ß-sf√mw kZm k©-cn-°p∂p. Ah kzbw PU-ß-fm-sW-¶n-epw, k¿hhym-]n-bmb ]c-am-flm--hns‚ kØ-bm¬ A·nXm-]-ta‰ teml-sa-∂-t]mse tNX-\-ß-fm-bnØo-cp-∂p. ]£n-Ifpw a‰pw Nen-°p-∂p-s≠¶nepw BImiw \n›-e-ambn h¿Øn-°p∂hÆw A¥x-I-c-W-ßƒ Nen-°p-∂p-s≠¶nepw {_“w \n›-e-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXn\m¬ Poh≥ {_“-am-sW∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂Xn¬ tZmj-sam-∂p-an-√.
DØcw:˛ \nß-fpsS Cu ZrjvSm-¥hpw icnb-√. k¿h-hym-]n-bmb {_“-amWv A¥x-I-c-
177
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
W-ß-fn¬ {]Im-in®v Poh-\mbn Xocp-∂-sX¶n¬ AXn¬ k¿h-⁄Xzw XpS-ßnb KpWßƒ Ds≠t∂m Cs√t∂m ]d-bp-∂Xv? BhcWw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xn-\m¬ k¿h-⁄-Xzm-Zn-Kp-Wßƒ Cs√-∂m-sW-¶n¬ {_“w Bhr-Øhpw
JWvUn-X-hp-am-sWt∂m AtXm AJ-WvUn-Xam-sWt∂m ]d-tb-≠Xv? AJ-WvUn-X-am-sW¶n¬ AXns‚ D≈n¬ Bh-cWw D≠m-°p-hm≥
km[y-a-√. Bh-cWw Cs√-¶n¬ k¿∆-⁄Xzw
F¥p-sIm-≠n√? {_“w Xs‚ kzcq]sØ
ad∂v A¥x-Ic
- W-Øn-s\m∏w Nen-°p-∂p, kzcq]-tØm-sS-b-√, F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xpw icn-b-√.
kzbw Nen-°m-Xn-cn-s°, A¥x-I-cWw F{Xsb{X {]tZ-i-ßsf ]n∂n´v apt∂-dn-s°m-≠ncn-°ptam Ahn-S-hnsS {_“w A⁄m-\nbpw
{`m¥- h p- a m- b n- c n- ° pw. ]n∂n- ´ n- S - ß - f n¬ D≈
{_“w ⁄m\nbpw ]cn-ip-≤hpw ap‡hpw
BIpw. Cßs\ hniz-hym-]n-bmb {_“sØ
A¥x-I-cWw k¿h{X Zpjn-∏n-°pw. _‘-tam£-ßƒ ss\an-jn-I-ß-fp-amIpw. \nß-fpsS
{]am-W-a-\p-k-cn®v Hcp Pohm-flm-hn-\pw apºp
ImWp-Ibpw tIƒ°p-Ibpw sNbvXXv kvac-Wbn¬ hcn-I-bn-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ apºp ImWpIbpw tIƒ°p-Ibpw sNbvX {_“w C√m-Xmbn-Øo-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ {_“w Poht\m Poh≥
{_“tam A√. Ahbv°p XΩn¬ Hcn-°epw
sFIyw D≠m-Ip-∂-X-√. Ah F√m-bvt∏mgpw
sht∆sd Xs∂-bm-Wv.
{_“-Øn¬ A[ym-tcm] JWvU\w
tNmZyw:˛ CsX√mw A[ym- t cm- ] - a - t {X.
H∂n¬ as‰m-∂ns\ ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn\v A[ym]-tcm]w F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. {_“-sa∂ hkvXphn¬ kIe PK-Øn-t\bpw euInI hyh-lmc-ßt- fbpw Btcm-]n-°p-∂X
- p-sIm≠v Pn⁄mkp-hn\v t_m[w D≠m-Ip-∂p. hmkvX-h-Øn¬
F√mw {_“w Xs∂-bm-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ A≤ym-tcm]w sNøp-∂-Xm-cmWv?
DØcw:˛ Poh≥
tNmZyw:˛ F¥n-s\-bmWp Poh≥ F∂p ]dbp-∂Xv?
DØcw:˛A¥x-I-c-Wm-h-—n-∂-amb
ssNX\ysØ.
tNmZyw:˛ A¥x- I - c - W m- h - — n- ∂ - a mb
ssNX\yw as‰mcp hkv X pthm AtXm
{_“tam?
DØcw:˛ B {_“w Xs∂-bmWv
tNmZyw:˛ At∏mƒ B {_“w Xs∂bmtWm X∂n¬ PK-Øn-s‚ anYym-tcm]w
sNbvXn-´p-≈Xv?
DØcw:˛ AtX, {_“w Xs∂-bm-Wv. AXpsIm≠v {_“-Øn-s\-¥p- lm\n?
tNmZyw:˛ an∞ym-tcm]w sNøp-∂X
- p-sIm≠v
{_“w Ak-Xy-hm-Zn-bm-hp-I-bnt√?
DØcw:˛ C√. Fs¥-∂m¬, at\m-hm-Wn-Ifm¬ k¶-ev]n-°p-Ibpw ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂sX√mw Ak-Xy-am-Ip-∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ At∏mƒ at\m- h m- W n- I - f m¬
anYym- h - k vXp- ° sf k¶- e v]n- ° p- I bpw
AkXyw ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp∂ {_“w k¶ev]hpw anYym-hm-Zn-bp-am-sW∂p h∂nt√?
DØcw:˛ hc-s´. AXpw Rßƒ°n-jvS-amb
Btcm-]Ww Xs∂!
sIm≈m-at√m Ak-Xy-th-Zm-¥n-Itf! \nßƒ
kXy-kz-cq-]\pw kXy-Im-a-\pw, kXy-k-¶-ev]hp-amb ]c-am-flm-hns\ anYym-Nm-cn-bm-°n-bt- √m.
\nß-fpsS A[x-]-X-\-Im-c-W-at√ CXv? Cuizc≥ anYym-k-¶-ev]-hpw, anYym-hm-Zn-bp-am-sW∂v
GXp-]-\n-j-Øn-em-Wv. GXp kq{X-Øn-emWv
GXp thZ-Øn-emWv Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≈Xv? I≈≥
t]meo-kp-tZym-K-ÿs\ in£n-®p F∂ ]gs©m√p t]mse-bm-bt√m \nßƒ ]d-™-Xv.
t]meokptZym-Kÿ
≥ I≈s\ in£n-®p-sh∂p
]d-bp-∂Xv DNn-X-am-Wv. I≈≥ t]meo-k-[n-Imcnsb in£n-°p-∂Xv \m´p-\-S-∏n\p hn]-co-X-amW-t√m. AXp-t]mse \nßƒ anYy-Iƒ k¶ev]n®pw ]d™pw kz¥w tZmj-ßsf {_“Øn-em-tcm-]n-°p-I-bmWv. {_“-Øns‚ sNdnsbm-cwiw anYym-hm-Znbpw anYym-Im-cn-bp-am-sW¶n¬ A\-¥-amb {_“w apgp-h\pw A{]-Im-cam-Ipw. Fs¥-∂m¬ AXv GI-cq-]-am-Ip-∂p.
F∂m¬ bYm¿Y-Øn¬ AXp kXy-kz-cq-]\pw
kXy-am-\nbpw kXy-hm-Znbpw kXy-Im-cn-bp-amWv. C∏-d™ tZmj-ß-sf√mw \nß-fp-tS-Xm-Wv,
{_“-Øn-t‚-X-√. \nßƒ hnZy-bm-sW∂p ]dbp-∂Xv Ahn-Zy-bm-Wv. \nß-fpsS A[ym-tcm]hpw an≤y- b m- W v . Imc- W w, {_“- a - √ mØ
Bflm-hns\ {_“-am-sW∂pw {_“sØ Poh\m-sW∂pw k¶-ev]n-°p-∂Xp anYym-⁄m-\-as√-¶n¬ as‰-¥mWv? Fßpw \nd-™n-cn-°p∂
178
H≥]Xmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
AXv ]cn-—n∂hpw A⁄m-\nbpw Bhp-I-bn√. Hcn-°epw _‘-Øn¬ s]Sp-Ib
- n-√. A⁄m\n-bpw, ]cn-—n-∂\pw ÿm\-h¿Ønbpw Aev]\pw, Aev]-⁄\pw Poh-\m-Wv. k¿h-⁄\pw
k¿h-hym-]n-bp-amb {_“-a-√.
_‘-tam-£h
- n-hc
- Ww
tNmZyw:˛ ap‡n F∂p ]d-bp-∂-sX-¥mWv?
DØcw:˛ "ap©¥n ]rY- K v ` - h ¥n P\m
bkymw km ap‡nx' GXn¬ \n∂v tamN\w
D≠m-Ip-∂pthm AXmWp ap‡n.
tNmZyw:˛ F¥n¬\n∂p≈ tamN\w?
DØcw:˛ F¥n¬\n∂p tamN\w F√m Pohmflm-°fpw C—n-°p-∂pthm AXn¬ \n∂v.
tNmZyw:˛ GXn¬\n-∂p≈ tamN-\-amWv
C—n-°p-∂Xv?
DØcw:˛ GXn¬\n-∂p≈ tamN-\m-`n-emjw
D≠m-Ip-∂pthm AXn¬\n∂v.
tNmZyw:˛ GXn¬ \n∂p tamNn-°phm-\mWv
A`n-emjw D≠m-Ip-∂Xv?
DØcw:˛ ZpxJ-Øn¬ \n∂v.
tNmZyw:˛ tamNn®v F¥ns\ {]m]n-°p∂p?
FhnsS hkn-°p∂p?
DØcw:˛ kpJsØ {]m]n-°p-∂p. {_“Øn¬ hkn-°p-∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ ap‡nbpw _‘hpw F¥p-Im-cW-ß-fm-em-Wp-≠m-Ip-∂Xv?
DØcw:˛ Cuiz- c m⁄ ]cn- ] m- e n- ° p- I ,
A[¿aw, Ahn-Zy, NoØ-kw-k¿Kw, NoØ-kwkv I m- c w, NoØ- k z- ` m- h - ß ƒ F∂n- h - b n¬
\n∂pw AI∂p \n¬°p-I. kXyw ]d-bp-I,
]tcm-]-Imcw sNøp-I, hnZym-[y-b\w sNøp-I,
]£-]mXw IqSmsX \ymbw [¿aw F∂n-hsb
h¿≤n-∏n-°p-I, apºp ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xp-t]mse
Cuiz-cs\ kvXpXn-°p-Ibpw {]m¿Yn-°p-Ibpw
D]m-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I˛ AXm-bXv tbmKm`ymkw sNøp-I˛ hnZy-Iƒ A`y-kn-°p-Ibpw
A`y-kn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I, [¿a-\n-jvTm-ambn
]pcp-jm¿∞w sNbvXv ⁄m\w h¿≤n-∏n-°pI,
k¿thm-Ø-a-km-[-\-I-f-\p-jvTn-°p-I, sNøp-∂sX√mw ]£-]m-Xc
- l
- n-Xa
- mbpw \ymb-[¿a-ßsf
A\p-k-cn®pw sNøp-I, C{]-Im-c-ap≈ km[-\I-sf-s°m≠p ap‡nbpw CXn\p hn]-co-X-ambn
Cuiz-cm⁄m ewL\w apX-emb I¿a-ß-fm¬
_‘-\hpw D≠m-Ip-∂p.
ap‡n-bn¬ Poh≥
tNmZyw:˛ ap‡n-bn¬ Pohm-flm-hns‚ ebw
D≠m-Ip-∂pthm AtXm Pohm-flmhp ebn°msX h¿Øn-°p-∂pthm?
DØcw:˛ Pohm-flmhp ebn-°msX h¿Øn°p-∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ FhnsS h¿Øn-°p∂p?
DØcw:˛ {_“-Øn¬ h¿Øn-°p-∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ {_“w Fhn-sSbmWv? ap‡-\mb
Poh≥ Hcn-S-Øp-Xs∂ ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂pthm
AtXm tkz—m-Nm-cn-bmbn k¿h{X k©-cn°p-∂pthm?
DØcw:˛ k¿h{X kºq¿W- a mb {_“Øn¬, ap‡ Pohm- fl mhv XS- - a n- √ m- s X,
hn⁄m\w, B\µw F∂n- h - b - \ p- ` hn®v
k¿h{X hnl-cn-°p-∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ ap‡- P o- h \v ÿqe- i - c ocw
Dt≠m?
DØcw:˛ C√.
tNmZyw:˛ ]ns∂-ßns\ kpJw AYhm
B\µw A\p-`-hn-°p∂p?
DØcw:˛ AXns‚ kXy- k - ¶ - e v]mZn
kzm`mhn-I-Kp-W-ßfpw kI-e-km-a¿Yy-ßfpw
D≠v. ùXn-I-kwk¿§w am{Xta C√m-Xm-Ip-∂p≈q. t\m°pI:˛
irWz≥ t{im{Xw `h- X n, kv ] ¿i- b ≥
XzKv`-h-Xn, ]iy≥ N£q¿`-h-Xn, ck-b≥
ck\m `h- X n, Pn{L≥ {LmWw- ` - h Xn
a\zmt\m at\m `h-Xn, t_m[-b≥ _p≤n¿`h-Xn, tNXbw ›nØ `h-Xy-l-¶p¿hm-tWml-¶mtcm `hXn.
(i-X-]-Y. Im. 14) 6
tam£- Ø n¬ ùXn- I - i - c o- c hpw C{µnb
tKmfI-ßfpw Pohm-flm-hn-\n-√. Pohm-flm-hns‚
kzm`m-hn-I-Kp-W-ßƒ am{Xta D≈q. ap‡m-hÿ- b n¬ Pohm- fl mhp kzi- ‡ n- s Im≠p
tIƒ°p-hm≥ B{K-ln-°p-tºmƒ t{im{X-ambpw,
kv]¿in-°p-hm≥ tXm∂p-tºmƒ Xz°m-bpw,
Im◊m-\n-—n-°p-tºmƒ t\{X-ambpw kzmZ-dn-tb≠-t∏mƒ ck-t\-{µn-b-am-bpw, aWw Adn-tb-≠-
179
6 I≠p-In-ń-bn-´m-√mØ iX-]Y ]mT-am-WnXv
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
t∏mƒ {LmtW-{µn-b-am-bpw, k¶-ev]-hn-I-ev]ßƒ sNøp-tºmƒ a\- m-bpw, \n›-bn-°ptºmƒ _p≤n-bm-bpw, Hm¿a-h-bv°m≥ NnØambpw, A`n-am-\n-°p-hm≥ Al-¶m-c-ambpw ]cnW-an-°p-∂p. k¶-ev]-am-{X-amb ico-c-ambn `hn°p-∂p. Pohm-flmhp ico-c-Øn-en-cn-°p-tºmƒ
C{µn-b-tKm-f-I-ß-sf-s°m≠p Imcy-ßƒ \n¿hln-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse tam£mh-ÿ-bn¬ Xs‚
i‡n-sIm≠v F√m B\-µ-ß-sfbpw A\p-`hn-°p-∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ AXns‚ i‡n-Iƒ Fßs\
F{X hn[-Øn-ep-≈-XmWv?
DØcw:˛ {][m- \ - i ‡n Hcp hn[- Ø nte
D≈q. F∂m¬ _ew, ]cm-{I-aw, BI¿j-Ww,
t{]c-W, KXn, `bw, hnth-N-\w, {Inb, D’mlw, kvac-W, \n›-bw, C—, kvt\lw, tZzjw,
kwtbm-Kw, hn`m-Kw, kwtbm-P-Iw, hn`m-P-Iw,
{ih- W w, kv ] ¿i- \ w, Z¿i- \ w, kzmZ- \ w,
{LmWw, ⁄m\w F∂n-ßs\ Ccp-]-Øn-\mep
hn[-Øn-ep≈ kma¿Yy--tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-XmWv
Poh≥. B kma¿Yyw sIm≠p ap‡n-bn¬ B\µsØ {]m]n®v A\p-`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
tam£-Øn¬ Poh\v \miw t\cn-Sp-sa-¶n¬
tam£-kpJw A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xm-cmWv? tam£sa∂p ]d-b p-∂Xp Pohs‚ \mi-a m- sW∂p
hnNm-cn-°p-∂-h¿ alm aqV-∑m-cm-Wv. Fs¥∂m¬, Pohm-flmhv ZpxJ-ß-fn¬ \n∂p tamNn®v
B\-µ-kz-cq-]hpw k¿h-hym-]-Ihpw A]-cn-—n∂-hp-amb ]c-am-flm-hn¬ B\-µ-tØm-Sp-IqSn
ÿnXn sNøp-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv ap‡n F∂p ]dbp- ∂ - X v. Cu thZm- ¥ - i mco- c n- I - k q{Xw
t\m°pI:˛ A`mhw _mZ-cn-cml tlyhav (th.
Z. 4. 4. 10)
thZ-hym-ks‚ ]nXm-hmb _mZcn ap‡n-bn¬
Poh- s ‚bpw AtXm- s Sm∏w a\- n- s ‚bpw
AkvXn-XzsØ kzoI-cn-°p-∂p. Poh\pw a\ pw
ebn-°p-sa∂p ]cm-i-c≥ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√.
C{µn-bmZn ]Zm¿Y-ß-fpsS A`m-h-ap-≠p-Xm-\pw.
AXp-t]mse:˛
`mhw ssPan-\n¿hn-I-ev]m-a-\-\mXv (th. Z.
4.. 4. 11)
ssPan\n F∂ BNm-cy≥ tam£w {]m]n®
]pcp- j s‚ a\- n- s ‚- s b- ∂ - t ]m- s e- X s∂
kq£va-i-cocw C{µn-b-ßƒ, {]mW≥ apX-em-
b-hb
- p-sSbpw AkvXn-Xz-sØ-bm-Wv, A`m-hs
- Øb√ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
ZzmZ-im-l-h-Zp-`-b-hn[w _mZ-cm-b-tWmXx
(th. Z. 4. 4. 12)
hymk-ap\n ap‡n-bn¬ `mhw A`mhw F∂o
c≠n-s\bpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p. tam£-Øn¬
Pohm-flm-hp-ip-≤-amb kma¿Yy-tØm-Sp-IqSn
h¿Øn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ AXn-ep≈ A]hn{XX, ]m]m-Nc
- W
- w, ZpxJw, A⁄m\w apX-em-bh
C√m-Xm-Ip-∂p.
bZm ]©m-h-Xn-jvTt¥ ⁄m\m\n a\km
kl _p≤n› \ hntN-jvStX Xmamlpx
]camwKXnav (I-T. 2. 6. 10)
CXv D]-\n-j-Zz-N-\-am-Wv. ip≤-a-\kpw ]©⁄m-t\-{µn-b-ßfpw Poh-t\m-Sp-IqSn Ft∏mƒ
ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂p-thm, Ft∏mƒ ÿnc-\n-›-b-ap≈-Xm-Ip-∂pthm B Ah-ÿtbbmWp ]c-a-KXn-sb-∂v˛-tam-£-sa-∂p-˛-]-d-bp-∂-Xv.
b Bflm A]-l-X-]m]vam hnPtcm hnarXypcvhntimtIm-hn-Pn-Lt’mf]n]mkx kXyImax kXy-k-¶ev]x tkmft\zjvShyx k
hnPn-⁄m-kn-Xhyxkcvhmw›
temIm\m]vt\mXn kcvhmw-›-Im-am≥ bkvXam-flm-\-\p-hnZy Zy hnPm\mXoXn (Om. D. 8.
7. 1. )
khm Gj GtX\ ssZth\ N£pjm
a\-ssk-Xm≥ Imam≥ ]iy≥ ca-tX. b GtX
{_“-temtI Xwhm GXw tZhm Bflm-\-ap]m-ktX Xkvam-tØjm Mv kcvth N temIm
BØmx kcvth N Imamx k kcvhmw›
temIm-\m-]vt\mXn k¿hmw› Imam-\y-kvXam-flm-\-a-\p-hnZy hnPm-\m-Xo-Xn. (Nm-tµm. 8.
12. 5˛6)
aL- h - ∑ cv X y hm CZMv ico- c - a mØw
arXyp\m XZkym arXkym ico-c-kym-fl-t\m[n-jvTm-\-amtØm ssh ki-co-cmx.
{]nbm-{]n-bm`ymw \ ssh kio-cc
- ky kXx
{]nbm-{]n-btbmc]l-Xn-ckvXy icocw hmh
k¥w \ {]nbm-{]ntb kv]riXx (Om. D. 8.
12.1) A]-lX
- ]
- m-]vam-hm-b˛- A
- X
- m-bXv k¿∆-hn[
]m]-ßfpw Pcm-ac
- W
- ß
- fpw £pXv]n-]m-kI
- fpw
C√mØ kXy-Im-a\
- pw˛ kXy-k¶
- e
- v]\pw Bb
]c- a m- fl m- h n- s \- b mWv At\z- j n- t °- ≠ - X v .
Ahs\ Adn-bp-hm-\mWv B{K-ln-t°-≠-Xv.
180
H≥]Xmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
tam£w {]m]n® Pohm-flmhv ]c-am-flm-hns‚
_‘w-sIm-≠mWv kI-e-tem-I-ß-sfbpw kIe-Im-a-ß-sfbpw {]m]n-°p-∂-Xv. ]c-am-flm-hns\
Adn™v tam£-km-[-\-ß-tfbpw kz¥w ip≤ntbbpw ap‡m-flmhv Adn-bp-∂p. ap‡m-flmhv
ip≤- a mb Znhy- t \- { X- Ø mepw a\- n- \ mepw
F√mw I≠v can-°p-∂p. ap‡m-flmhv {_“-temI- Ø n¬ ImtW≠Xmb ]c- a m- fl m- h n¬
h¿Øn®v tam£-kp-J-a-\p-`-hn-°p-∂p. IqSmsX
k¿hm¥-cym-an-bmb Cu ]c-am-flm-hn-s\-bmWv
ap‡n {]m]n-°p∂ hnZzm-∑m¿ D]m-kn-°p-∂-Xv.
Aßs\ Ah¿ k¿h-tem-I-ß-tf-bpw-k¿h
Ima-ß-tfbpw {]m]n-°p-∂p. GsX√mw temIßfpw GsX√mw Ima-ßfpw kn≤n-°-W-sa∂v
Ah¿ k¶- e v]n- ° p- ∂ pthm Ah- s b√mw
Ah¿°p kn≤n- ° p∂p F∂p Xmev ] - c yw.
IqSmsX B ap‡ Pohm-flm-°ƒ ÿqe-i-cocw
XyPn®v k¶-ev]-a-b-amb ico-c-Øm¬ ]c-am-flmhn¬ hnN-cn-°p-∂p. ico-c-[m-cn-Iƒ°v kwkmc-Zpx-J-Øn¬ \n∂p ap‡-cm-bn-Øo-cp-hm≥ Hcn°epw km[y-a-√m-Ø-XmWv CXn\p Imc-Ww.
{]Pm-]Xn C{µ-t\mSp ]d-™Xv C{]-Im-ca
- mWv:˛
A√tbm ]c-a-]q-Pn-X\pw sFiz-cy-bp-‡-\pamb alm-]p-cpjm ÿqe-i-cocw ac-W-[¿anbm-Wv. knwl-Øns‚ hmbn¬ BsS-∂-hÆw
Cu icocw arXyp-h-Iv{X-Øn-em-Wv. ac-W-an√mØ Pohm-flm-hns‚ ]m¿∏n-Sa
- mWv Cu icocw. AXn-\m¬ Cu Pohm-flm-hns\ kpJ-ZpxJ-ßƒ kZm {Kkn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ico-c-[m-cnbmb Pohm-flm-hns\ kmwkm-cnI ZpxJ-ßƒ
hn´p-]n-cn-bp-I-bn-√. ico-c-an-√m-ØXpw ap‡-hpamb Pohm-flm-hns\ kmwkm-cnI ZpxJ-ßƒ
kv]¿in-°p-I-t]m-ep-an-√. AXv {_“-Øn¬
h¿Øn®v kZm B\-µ-Øn¬ apgp-Ip-∂p.
ap‡n-bn¬ \n∂p Xncn-®p-h-chv
tNmZyw:˛ tam£w {]m]n® Pohm-flmhv
ho≠pw Ft∏m- s g- ¶ nepw P\- \ - a - c - W - Z px- J Øn¬ hcptam C√tbm? Fs¥-∂m¬˛
\ N ]p\-cm-hcvØtX \N ]p\-cm-h¿ØtX
CXn. (Om. D. 8. 15) A\m-hrØnx i_vZm-\mhrØnx i_vZmXv (th. Z. 4. 4. 33) bZv KXzm
\ \nhcvØt¥ X≤ma ]caw aa. (Ko-X. 15.
6) apXemb hN-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Adn-bp-∂Xv
Xncn®p h∂p ho≠pw kwkm-csØ {]m]n°m-Ø-tXtXm AXmWp ap‡n F∂m-Wv.
DØcw:˛ CXp icn-b-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ thZØn-en-Xn\p \ntj[-ap-≠v.
1. Iky \q\w IX-ak
- ym-ar-Xm\mw a\m-atl
Nmcp tZhky \ma tIm t\m aly AZnXtb
]p\cvZmXv ]nXcw N Zrtibw amXcw N.
2. At·cvhbw {]Y-a-kym-ar-Xm\mw a\matl Nmcp tZhky \ma; k t\m alym AZnXtb ]p\cvZmXv ]nXcw N Zrtibw amXcw
N (E. 1. 24. 1&2)
3. CZm-\o-anh kcvh{X \mXy-t¥m-t—Zx
(kmwJyw 1. 159)
tNmZyw:˛ BcpsS \ma-sØ-bmWp \mw
]hn- { X- a mbn Adn- t b- ≠ Xv ? \mi- a n- √ mØ
]Zm¿Y-ß-fpsS a[y-Øn¬ ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂h\pw kZm {]Im-i-cq-]n-bp-amb GXp tZh\mWp \sΩ tam£-kpJw A\p-`-hn-∏n®v
ho≠pw Cu kwkm-c-Øn¬ \ap°p P∑w
\evIp-Ibpw amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑msc Z¿in-∏n-°mXn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv?
DØcw:˛ kzbw {]Im-i-kz-cq-]\pw A\mZnbpw \nXy- a p- ‡ - \ p- a mb ]c- a m- fl m- h ns‚
\masØ \mw ]hn-{X-ambn Adn-b-Ww. Bcv
ssIh-ey-Øns‚ B\-µ-a-\p-`-hn-∏n®v ho≠pw
Cu `qan-bn¬ amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cn-eqsS P\n-∏n°p- I - b pw, Ahsc ImWn- ° p- I bpw sNøp∂pthm B ]c-am-flm-ht{X tam£-hy-h-ÿm]- I \pw k¿hm- [ n- I m- c nbpw. Pohm- fl m- ° ƒ
Ct∏mƒ _≤cpw ap‡-cp-am-bn-cn-°pw-]Sn F∂pw
Bbn-cn-°pw. _‘--tam-£-ßƒ°v Hcn-°epw
BXy-¥n-Ih
- n-t—Zw C√. AXp-t]mse _‘hpw
tam£hpw F√m-bvt]mgpw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xpa-√.
tNmZyw:˛ XZ-Xy¥ hntamt£mf]hcvKx
(\ym-b. 1. 1. 22) ZpxJ-P-∑-{]-hr-Øn-tZm-j-an∞ym-⁄m-\m-\m-apØtcmØ-cm-]mtb XZ-\¥-cm-]m-bm-Z-]-hcvKx (\ym-b. 1. 1. 2) ZpxJ-ßfpsS BXy- ¥ n- I - a mb hnt—- Z - s Ø- b mWv
ap‡n-sb∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. anYym-⁄m-\-amIp∂ Ahn-Zy, tem`w XpS-ßnb tZmj-ßƒ
hnj-bm-Zn-If
- mb NoØhmk-\I
- f
- n-ep≈ {]hrØn, P∑w, ZpxJw F∂nh DØ-tcm-Øcw \in°p-tºmƒ ]q¿∆-]q¿hßƒ C√m-Xm-bn-Øocp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv tam£w kn≤n-°p-∂-Xv.
AXv Fs∂-t∂°pw \ne-\n-ev°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv.
181
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
DØcw:˛ AXy¥ F∂ ]Zw AXy-¥`mhsØ am{Xta Ipdn-°mhq F∂p \n¿_-‘-an√. ""AXy-¥w ZpxJ-a-Xy¥w kpJw hmky
hcvØtX'' F∂- X n\v ""Cu a\p- j y\v
AXy¥w ZpxJhpw AXy¥w kpJhpw D≠v''
F∂m-W¿Yw. AXy-¥-Øns‚ A¿Yw B[nIyam-sW-∂t{X CXn¬\n∂p {Kln-°m-hp-∂-Xv.
Chn-sSbpw AXy-¥-Øns‚ A¿Yw B[n-Iyam-sW∂p {Kln-°-Ww.
ap‡n-Imew
tNmZyw:˛ Pohm-flmhv ap‡n-bn¬ \n∂pw
aS-ßn-h-cp-sa-¶n¬ F{X-Imew AXv ap‡nbn¬ Ignbpw?
DØcw:˛ tX {_“-temtI N ]cm-¥-Imte
]cm-ar-XmXv ]cn-ap-Ny¥n k¿th (ap-WvU-I.
3. 2.6) apWvU-tIm-]-\n-j-Øn¬ \n∂m-Wn-Xv.
tam£w {]m]n® Pohm-flm-°ƒ alm-Iev]w
Ign-bp-∂-Xp-hsc ap‡m-h-ÿ-bn¬ {_“m-\-µa- \ p- ` - h n- ® - X n- \ p- t ijw ap‡n- k p- J sØ
shSn™v kwkm-c-Øn-te°p hcp∂p.
C∏-d™ alm-I-ev]-Øns‚ IW°v C{]Im-ca
- mWv:˛ \mev]Ø
- n-aq-∂p-e£
- Øn Ccp-]X
- n\m-bncw sIm√w Hcp NXp-cypKw. c≠m-bncw
NXp-cyp-K-ßƒ Hcp Atlm-cm-{Xw. Cßs\
ap∏Xv Atlm-cm-{X-ßƒ tN¿∂Xv Hcp amkw.
Aßs\ ]{¥≠p amk-ßƒ IqSn-bXv Hcp
kwh-’-cw. Cßs\ Hcp-\qdp kwh-’-c-ßƒ
7
IqSn-b-XmWv Hcp ]cm-¥-Im-ew.
CXns\
KWn-X-{]-Imcw IW-°m°n a\- n-em-°n-s°m≈p-I. C{Xbpw ka-b-amWv ap‡m-h-ÿ-bn¬
B\-µ-a-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xv.
tNmZyw:˛F√m {KŸ- I m- c - ∑ m- c p- t Sbpw
temI-cp-tSbpw A`n-{]m-bw. P\-\-a-c-W-ß-fnte°p Xncn-®p-h-cm-Ø-Xm-Wv ap‡n F∂mWt√m?
DØcw:˛ Akw-`-hy-am-Wn-Xv. Pohm-flm-hns‚
i‡nbpw ico-cmZn ]Zm¿Y-ßfpw D]-I-c-Wßfpw ]cn-an-X-am-Wv. Ah-bp-sS-sb√mw êw
A]- c n- a n- X - a m- b n- Ø o- c p- ∂ - s X- ß - s \bmWv ?
B\µw A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xn\v Af-h‰ i‡nbpw
I¿-a-km-a¿Yyhpw D]-I-c-W-ßfpw Pohm-flm°ƒ°v C√. AXn-\m¬ A\-¥-amb B\µw
7 CXv 31 tImSn 10 e£Øn 4000 tImSn h¿j-ß-fmWv
A\p-`-hn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-X-√. A\n-Xy-km-[\-ß-fm¬ kºm-Zn-°p∂ ê-ßƒ Hcn-°epw
\nXy-am-hp-I-bn-√. IqSmsX H‰ Pohm-flmhpw
ap‡n-bn¬ \n∂p Xncn-®p-h-cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ temIØns‚ D∑q-e-\miw Xs∂ kw`-hn-°pw. Pohmflm-°ƒ kwkm-c-Øn-en-√m-Xm-hp-sa-∂¿Yw.
tNmZyw:˛ ap‡-cm-hp-∂-{Xbpw Pohm-flm°sf Cuiz- c ≥ \n¿an®v kwkm- c - Ø n¬
hnSpw. AXn-\m¬ Pohm-flm-°ƒ \nt»jw
C√m-Xm-hp-I-bn-√.
DØcw:˛Aß-s\-bm-bm¬ Pohm-flmhv A\nXy-\m-hpw. D≠m-Ip-∂-Xn\v \mihpw \n›-b-amWv. At∏mƒ \nß-fpsS kn≤m-¥{- ]-Imcw ap‡cmb Pohm-flm-°ƒ°pw \miw hcpw. ap‡nbpw
A\n- X y- a m- I pw. IqSmsX ap‡n- ÿ m- \ Øp
henb Xn°pw Xnc°pw D≠m-Ipw. AhnsS
ap‡m-flm-°ƒ Ib-dp-∂-tX-bp-≈q. Cd-ßp-∂n√. AXn-\m¬ Xnc°p h¿≤n-°pw. ZpxJm-\p-`-ha-√msX H´pw kpJ-ap-≠m-hn-√. Ibv]n-s√-¶n¬
a[pcw F¥mWv ? a[pc- a n- s √- ¶ n¬ Ibv s ]¥mWv? Hcp ck-Øn\p as‰mcp ckw hncp-≤-amIp-∂-Xn-\m-emWv c≠n-t\bpw th¿Xn-cn-®-dn-bp∂-Xv. F√m ck-ß-fp-sSbpw kzmZv A\p-`-hn-°p∂-h\v D≠m-Ip∂kpJw a[p-cc
- k
- a
- p≈-Xp-am{Xw
Ign-°p-∂-bmƒ°v D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. Adp-Xn-bp≈
I¿a-ßƒ°v HSp-ßmØ êw \¬In-bm¬
Cuiz-cs‚ \ymb-\njvT C√m-Xm-Ipw. Xmßmhp∂ `mcw Npa-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv _p≤n-am-∑m-cpsS
tPmen. Hcp-a∂v `mcw Npa-°m-hp-∂h
- s
- \-s°m≠v
]Øp-a∂v 8 Npa-∏n-®m¬ Npa∏n°p-∂-h-\t{X
A]-hmZw D≠m-Ip-∂Xv. CXp-t]mse Aev]⁄\pw Aev]-k-a¿∞-\p-amb Pohm-flm-hn¬
A\-¥-ku-JysØ Ib-‰n-h-bv°p-∂Xv Cuiztcm-Nn-X-amb Imcy-a-√. IqSmsX k¿th-iz-c≥
]pXnb Pohm-flm-°sf D¬∏m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ ]£w
GXp Imc-W-{Z-hy-Øn¬ \n∂v D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂pthm B Imc-W-{Zhyw Xo¿∂p-t]m-Ipw. hchn- √ m- Ø Xpw sNe- h p- a m- { X- a p- f f- X p- a mb
`WvUmcw F{X hen-b-Xm-bmepw Fs∂-¶nepw
iq\y-am-Im-Xn-cn-°n-√. AXn-\m¬ Pohm-flmhp
ap‡nsb {]m]n-®n´v ho≠pw kwkm-cØ
- n-te°p
hcp-sa∂ \n¿Wbw Xs∂-bmWp \√-Xv. Ipd®p-Im-e-tØ°p XS-hn\p in£n-°p-∂-Xn-t\8 DØ-tc-¥y-bn¬ {]Nm-c-ap≈ Xq°p-I-W-°v. \ΩpsS
]gb ]d-t]mse
182
H≥]Xmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
°mƒ \√-Xt√m Poh-]-cy¥ XShpw Xq°ns°m-√epw? ap‡n-bn¬\n∂p Xncn®p hc¬
Cs√-¶n¬ Ahn-SsØ sa®w ITn-\-X-S-hn-s√∂p
am{X-am-Wv. {_“-Øn¬ eb-sa-∂Xp kap-{ZØn¬ apßn-®m-h-ep-am-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ Cuiz-c≥ \nXy-ap-‡\pw ]q¿Wm\-µ-bp-‡\pw Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bmWv
Pohm-flm-hp-sa-¶n¬ ]ns∂ tZmj-sam∂pw
C√t√m?
DØcw:˛ Cuiz-c≥ A\-¥-km-a¿Yyw KpWI¿a-kz-`m-h-ßƒ F∂n-h-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h\pw
Ahn-Zy, ZpxJw, F∂o _‘-ß-fn¬ ]Xn-°mØ-h\pw Pohm-flmhp tam£w {]m]n-®mepw
ip≤-kz-cq-]\pw Aev]-⁄\pw ]cn-an-X-ß-fmb
KpW-I¿a-kz`mhß-tfmSp IqSn-h\pw Bbn-cn°pw. Hcn-°epw Cuiz-c-t\mSp Xpey-\m-hp-I-bn√.
tNmZyw:˛ tam£w {]m]n® Pohmflmhv
ap‡m-h-ÿ-bn¬ \n∂p aS-ßn-h-cp-sa-¶n¬
ap‡nbpw P\- \ - a - c - W - c q- ] - a mb kwkmcw
t]mse-bm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ tam£-Øn\p {]bXv\n-°p-∂Xv hy¿Yw Xs∂.
DØcw:˛tam£w P\-\-a-c-W-ßƒ t]mseb-√. 36000 {]mhiyw DXv]-Øn-{]-f-b-ßƒ°v
F{X- I mew th≠n- h - c p- ∂ pthm A{X- h - f - s c°mew Ign-bp-∂-Xp-hsc Pohm-flm-°ƒ ZpxJß-fn¬ \n∂-I∂v ap‡-cmbn B\µw A\p-`hn-°p-∂Xv sNdn-b-Im-cy-amtWm? C∂p-≠m¬
\msf hni-°p-sa∂p IcpXn C∂p-Æm-Xn-cn°ptam? hni- ∏ v , Zmlw, \n m- c - a mb [\w,
cmPyw, bi- v, `mcy, k¥m-\-ßƒ apX-em-b-hbv°mbn {]bXv\w sNøp-∂-Xm-h-iy-am-sW-¶n¬
tam£-Øn-\p≈ ]cn-{iaw F¥p-sIm≠v Bhiy-a√? acWw \n›n-X-am-sW-¶nepw Pohn-®ncn-°p-hm-\p≈ D]m-b-ßƒ sNøm-dp-≠t√m?
AXp-t]mse Xs∂ ap‡n-bn¬ \n∂v P∑-sa-Sp°-W-sa-∂n-cn-°nepw tamt£m]m-b-ßƒ A\pjvTn-°p-∂Xv AXym-hiyw Xs∂.
km[\ NXp-jvSbw
1. hnth-Iw
tNmZyw:˛ tam£-km-[-\-ßƒ Fs¥-√mamWv?
DØcw:˛ tam£-km-[-\-ß-fn¬ NneXp ]d™p-I-gn™p. F∂mepw Ch {it≤-b-ß-fm-Wv.
apap-£p-°ƒ AXm-bXv tam£-Øn-\m-{K-ln-°p∂-h¿ ZpxJ-^-e-ap-f-hm-°p∂ anYym-`m-j-Wm-ZnIsf shSn™v kpJ-^-e-ßƒ \¬Ip∂ kXy`m-j-Wm-Zn-Isf \n›-b-ambpw A\p-jvTn-°-Ww.
]m]m-N-cWw ZpxJ-Øn-s‚bpw [¿am-N-cWw
kpJ-Øn-s‚bpw aqe-Im-c-W-am-Wv. k÷-\-ßfpsS kwk¿Kw-sIm≠p kXym-k-Xy-ß-sfbpw
[¿am-[¿a-ß-sfbpw I¿Ø-hym-I¿Ø-hy-ßtfbpw th¿Xn-cn-®d
- n-bW
- w. ]n∂oSv ico-cØ
- ns‚
AYhm Pohs‚ ]©tIm-i-ßsf hnth-Nn-®dn-b-Ww.
]©-tIm-i-ßƒ
Xz°p-ap-X¬ Aÿn hsc-bp≈ ]rYn-ho-ab
kapZm-bØn-\mWv A∂-a-b-tImiw F∂p-]-dbp-∂-Xv. CXmWv H∂m-a-tØ-Xv.
c≠m- a - t ØXp {]mW- a - b - t Im- i - a m- W v .
AXn¬ ({]m-W≥) AI-Øp-\n∂p ]pd-tØ°p
\n¿K-an-°p∂ hmbp (A-]m-\≥) ]pd-Øp-\n∂v
AI-tØ°p {]th-in-°p∂ hmbp (k-am-\≥)
\m`n-bn¬ Ccp∂v ico-c-am-k-Iew cksØ
hym]n-∏n-°p∂ hmbp, (D-Zm-\≥) A∂-]m-\ßsf D≈n-te°v BI¿jn-°p-Ibpw _e-]-cm{I-a-ßsf Df-hm-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ hmbp, (hym\≥) Poh≥ ico- c - Ø m¬ sNøp∂ F√m
tNjvS-I-fpsSbpw Imc-W-amb hmbp F∂n-hsb√mw ÿnXnsN-øp-∂p.
aq∂m-a-tØXv at\m-a-b-tIm-i-am-Wv. hm°v,
]mZw, ]mWn, ]mbp, D]-ÿw, F∂o A©p
I¿ta-{µn-b-ßfpw Al-¶m-chpw a\-t m-Sp-IqSn
ÿnXn sNøp-∂p.
\mem- a - t ØXv hn⁄m- \ - a - b - t Im- i w.
AXn¬ _p≤n, NnØw, F∂n-hbpw t{im{Xw,
N£p-kv, Xz°v, Pnlz, \mknI F∂o ⁄mt\{µn-b-ßfpw ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂p. Ah-sb-s°m≠v
Poh≥ ⁄m\m-Zn-hy-h-lm-c-ßƒ \n¿h-ln-°p∂p.
A©m-a-tØXv B\-µ-a-b-tIm-iw. AXn¬
{]oXn, {]k-∂-X, Ipdthm IqSp-Xtem Bb
B\µw F∂n-hbpw Ah-bv°m-[m-c-amb {]IrXnbpw Ccn-°p-∂p.
Ch- b mWp ]©- t Im- i - ß ƒ. Ch- b mWp
Pohm-flm-hns‚ F√m I¿a, D
- ]
- m-k\
- m, ⁄m\mZn-I-fpsS \n¿h-l-W-Øn-\p-X-Ip-∂-h.
183
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Pm{K-Øv, kz]v\ kpjp]vXn F∂n-h-sbbmWv aq∂v Ah-ÿ-I-sf∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
icocw \mep hn[-Øn-ep-≠v. Ah-bn-sem∂v
C°m-Wp∂ ÿqe-i-co-c-am-Wv.
c≠m- a - t ØXv A©p{]m- W ≥, A©p
⁄mt\-{µn-b-ßƒ, A©p-kq-£va-`q-X-ßƒ.
a\- v, _p≤n F∂o ]Xn-t\gp XXz-ß-fpsS
kap-Zm-b-amb kq£va-i-co-c-am-Wv. P\-\-a-c-Wß- f n¬ Pohm- fl m- h ns‚ IqsS- b p- ≈ Xv Cu
kq£va-i-co-c-am-Wv. Cu kq£va-i-cocw c≠phn-[-Øn-ep-≠v. H∂p ùXn-I-am-Wv. kq£va-`q-Xß-fpsS Awi-ß-fm-ep-≠m-°n-b-Xm-W-Xv. at‰Xns‚ t]cv kzm`m-hn-I-sa-∂m-Wv. CXv Pohs‚
kzm`m-hn-I-Kp-W-cq-]-am-Ip-∂p. Cu kq£va-icocw ap‡n-bnepw \ne-\n-ev°p-∂p. ap‡n-kpJw
CXp-sIm-≠mWv A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xv.
aq∂m-a-tØXp Imc-W-i-co-cw. kpjp]vXn
AYhm KmV-\n{Z D≠m-Ip-∂Xv AXn-em-Wv.
AXp {]Ir-Xn-cq-]-am-I-bm¬ hn`phpw F√m
Pohm-flm-°ƒ°pw IqSn GI-hp-am-Wv.
\mem-a-tØXv Xpco-bw. AXn-en-cp∂v Pohmflmhv kam-[n-bn-eqsS ]c-am-flm-hns‚ B\-µØn¬ apgp- I p- ∂ p. Cu kam- [ n- k w- k v I m- c wsIm≠p≠mIp∂ ip≤-i-co-c-Øns‚ ]cm-{I-aamWv 9 ssIh-eymh-ÿ-bnepw klm-b-I-amIp-∂-Xv. Cu tImi-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw Ah-ÿ-Ifn¬ \n∂pw Xo¿Øpw `n∂-amWv Pohm-flm-hv.
Poh≥ Ah-ÿ-I-fn¬ \ns∂√mw thsd-bm-sWs∂-√m-h¿°pw Adn-bmw. acWw kw`-hn-°ptºmƒ Poh≥ t]mbn F∂mWv Ghcpw ]d-bp∂-Xv. Cu Poh≥ Xs∂-bmWv F√m-‰n-s‚bpw
t{]c-I-\pw. [mc-I-\pw, km£n-bpw, I¿Øm-hpw,
t`m‡m-hpw. Poh≥ I¿Ømhpw t`m‡m-hp-as√∂v Bsc-¶nepw ]d-bp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah\v
Adn-hn-√. hnth-I-hp-an-√, Pohm-flm-hn-s√-¶n¬
a‰p PU-]-Z¿∞-ßƒs°m∂pw kpJ-Zpx-J-ßfpsS A\p-`-hhpw ]pWy-]m-]-ß-fpsS I¿XrXzhpw D≠m-hp-I-tb-bn-√. Mvlm! Ch-bpsS
_‘-Øm¬X-s∂-bmhmw Poh≥ ]m]-]p-Wyß- f psS I¿Ømhpw kpJ- Z px- J - ß - f psS
t`m‡mhpw BIp-∂Xv! C{µn-b-ßƒ A¿Y-ßfn-epw. a\kv C{µn-b-ß-fnepw Bflmhp a\9 ]cm-{Iaw cqVm¿Y-a-√. as‰m-∂n-te°v Ib-dn-∏-‰¬
BWn-Xv. Cuizc Poh-t`-Z-Øns‚ kn≤m¥w ChnsS
IqSp-X¬ kv]jvS-am-°p-∂p.
nepw kwbp-‡-ambn {]mWßsf t{]cn-∏n®v
\√Xpw NoØ-bp-amb I¿a-ß-fn¬ {]h¿Øn∏n-°p-tºmƒ am{Xta D≈n¬ kZvI¿a-ßƒ
kt¥m-jw, D’m-lw, \n¿`-bXzw F∂n-hbpw
Zpjv-I¿a-ß-fn¬ `bw, i¶. e÷ F∂n-hbpw
D≠m-Ip-∂p-≈q. CXv A¥-cym-an-bmb ]c-am-flmhns‚ in£-W-am-Wv. Cu in£-W-a-\p-k-cn®v
{]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h≥ ap‡n-P-\y-amb kpJsØ
A\p-`-hn-°p-∂p. hn]-co-X-ambn h¿Øn-°p-∂h≥ _‘-P-\y-ß-fmb ZpxJsØ A\p-`-hn-°p∂p. Cßs\ ]rYnhn apX¬ Cuiz-c-]-cy-¥ap≈ ]Zm¿Y-ß-fpsS KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ß-fdn™v Cuiz-cs‚ B⁄m]m-e\w D]m-k\
F∂n-hb
- n¬ Xev]c
- c
- m-Ip-I, hncp-≤a
- mbn t]mImXn-cn-°p-I, krjvSn-bn¬ \n∂v D]-Imcw t\SpI
F∂n- h - b mWv hnth- I - s a∂p ]d- b p- ∂ - X v .
CXmWv ap‡n-bpsS H∂mw km[-\w.
2. sshcmKyw
c≠m- a sØ km[\w sshcm- K y- a m- W v .
hnthIw sIm≠p kXym-k-Xy-ßsf th¿Xn-cn®-dn™p kXym-N-c-WsØ kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw
Ak-Xym-N-c-WsØ XyPn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂XmWv sshcm-Kyw.
3. jUvI kºØn
aq∂m- a sØ km[\w jUv I - k - º - Ø n˛
AYhm iaw apX-emb Bdp-hn-[-Øn-ep≈ I¿aß-fpsS A\p-jvTm-\-am-Wv. Bflm-hn-s\bpw
A¥x-Ic
- W
- s
- Øbpw A[¿am-Nc
- W
- Ø
- n¬ \n∂v
AI‰n kZm [¿am-\p-jvTm-\-Øn¬ {]h¿Øn-∏n°p-∂-XmWv iaw,. Bdp I¿a-ß-fn¬ BZytØXv CXm-Wv. c≠m-a-tØXv Zaw˛ AXm-b-Xv,
t{im{Xw XpS-ßnb C{µn-b-ß-sfbpw ico-ctØbpw hy-`n-Nm-cmZn ZpjvI¿a-ßf
- n¬ \n∂-I‰n
PntX-{µn-bXzw t\SpI XpS-ßnb \√ I¿a-ßfn¬ {]h¿Øn-∏n-°-Ww. aq∂matØXv D]-c-nbmWv . ]m]w sNøp- ∂ - h - c n¬ \n∂v kZm
AI∂p \n¬°-Ww. \mem-a-tØXv XnXn-£.
\nµm-kvXp-Xn-Ifpw em`-\-jvS-ßfpw F{X-Xs∂
kw`- h n- ® mepw kpJ- Z px- J - ß - f n- √ msX kZm
tamt£m]m-bß
- f
- n¬Xs∂ Bk-‡\
- m-bn-cn-°p∂- X mWv XnXn- £ . A©ma- t Ø- X n\v {i≤
F∂p t]¿. thZm-Zn-k-Xy-im-kv{X-ß-fnepw B
imkv{X-ß-fpsS ⁄m\w sIm≠p ]q¿Æ-hn-Zzm∑m-cm-bn-´p-ff B]vX-∑m-cp-sS-˛-kXyw D]-tZ-in°p-∂-h-cp-sS-˛-h-N-\-ß-fn¬ am{Xw hniz-kn-°p-
184
H≥]Xmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
∂-XmWv {i≤. Bdm-a-sØXp kam-[m-\w-˛-NnØ-Øns‚ GIm-{K-X-˛-B-Wv. C∏-d™ Bdpw
IqSn-t®¿∂-XmWv aq∂m-asØ km[\w.
\mem-asØ km[\w apap-£pXzw BWv.
hni- ° p- ∂ - h ≥ tNmdpw, Zmln- ° p- ∂ h≥sh≈hpw A√msX as‰m∂pw cpNn-°p-∂n√. AXp-t]mse tam£-Ønepw tamt£m-]m-bß-fn-epw. A√msX as‰m-∂nepw CjvS-an-√m-Xncn-°p-∂-XmWv apap-£p-Xzw.
km[- \ - I - f - \ p- j v T n- ® p- I - g n™v A\p- j v T nt°≠ A\p-_-‘-I¿a-ßƒ Ch-bmWv:˛ BZytØXv "A[n-Imcn" Cu \mep km[-\-Ifpw
Dff ]pcp-j-\mWv tam£-Øn\v A[n-Im-cn.
c≠m-a-tØXp "kw_-‘w." {_“-{]m-]vXn-bmIp∂ tam£w {]Xn-]m-Zyhpw thZm-Zn-im-kv{Xßƒ AXns‚ {]Xn-]m-Z-I-ß-fp-am-Wv. Ahtb
th≠-Xp-t]mse Adn™v ka-\z-bn-∏n-°p-∂XmWv kw_- ‘ w. aq∂m- a - t ØXv "hnjbn'
bmWv. imkv{X-ß-fp-sS-sb√mw {]Xn-]m-Zy-hn-jb-amb "{_“-Øns‚ {]m]vXn' F∂ hnj-btØm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]pcp-j≥ Xs∂-bmWv hnj-bn.
\mem-a-tØXp {]tbm-P-\w. k¿hZp:J \nhrØnbpw ]c-am-\-µhpw {]m]n®v tam£kpJw
kn≤n-°p-∂-Xmb {]tbm-P\w F∂n-hsb \mev
A\p-_‘
- ß
- ƒ F∂p-]d
- b
- p-∂p. A\-¥cw hcp∂-XmWv {ih-W-N-Xp-jvS-bw. H∂m-a-tØXv
{ih-Ww. hnZzm-∑m-cm-sc-¶nepw D]-tZiw \¬Iptºmƒ Ahsb im¥-Nn-Ø-\mbn {i≤m-]p¿∆w
tIƒ°p-∂-XmWv {ihWw. hnti-jn®pw {_“hnZy AXy¥w {i≤-tbmsS tIƒ°-Ww. ImcWw, kIe hnZy-I-fnepw h®v kq£vam-W-Xv.
c≠m-a-tØXp a\-\w. tI´p-I-gn™v GIm-¥ÿ-e-Øn-cp∂v AXn-t\∏‰n Nn¥n-°p-∂-XmWv
a\-\w. Fßm\pw i¶-bp-≠m-bm¬ ho≠pw
tNmZn-°-Ww. {ih-W-k-a-b-Øp-Xs∂ ]d-bp-∂h\pw tIƒ°p-∂-h\pw DNn-X-sa∂p tXm∂nbm¬ kwibw tNmZn-°p-Ibpw kam-[m\w ]dbp-Ibpw thWw. aq∂m-a-tØXp \nZn-[ym-k-\w.
{ihWw sIm≠pw a\\w sIm≠pw kwibw
Xo¿∂ hnj-bsØ kam-[n-ÿ\
- m-bn, I≠v Adnb-Ww. tI´Xpw Nn¥n-®Xpw icntbm sXt‰m
F∂v [ym\-tbmKwsIm≠v Z¿in-°-Ww. \mema- t ØXp km£m- X v I m- c w. ]Zm¿∞- Ø ns‚
kzcp-]w, KpWw, kz`mhw F∂nh bYm-XY
- a
- mbn
Adn-bp-∂X
- n\v km£m-XvImcw F∂p t]¿. Ch-
sb-bmWp {ih-W-N-Xp-jvS-b-sa-∂p-]-d-bp-∂Xv.
t{Im[w, amen-\yw, aSn, {]amZw apX-emb
Xtam-Kp-W-ßƒ Cu¿jy,-tZz-jw, Imaw, A`nam-\w, hnt£]w XpS-ßnb ctPm-Kp-W-ßƒ
F∂nh shSn™v im¥-X, ]cn-ip-≤n, hnZym-hnNmcw apX-emb kmXzn-I-Kp-W-ßƒ kzoI-cn-°Ww.
(ssa{Xn) k¥p-jvS-cn¬ kvt\lw, (Icp-W)
Zp:JnX-cn¬ Zb. (apZn-Xm) ]pWym-flm-°sf
ImWp-tºmƒ kt¥m-jw. (Dt]-£m) ZpjvStcmSv A{]o-Xn, sshcan-√mbva F∂n-hbpw kzoIcn-°-Ww. 10apap£p Znh-khpw c≠p-a-Wn-°qdn¬ Ipd-bmsX [ym\w sNø-Ww. At∏mƒ
AIsØ a\ pw a‰p ]Zm¿∞-ßfpw km£mXvI-cn-°mw.
BXvamhpw ico-chpw `n∂w
t\m°q! \mw tNX-\-kz-cq-]n-I-fm-Wv. AXn\m¬ ⁄m\-kz-cq-]n-Ifpw a\- ns‚ km£nI-fp-am-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ a\ v im¥-tam, N©etam A\-µ]
- q¿W-tam, hnjm-Zb
- p-‡tam BIptºmƒ AXns\ \mw \√-hÆw Adn-bp-∂p.
AXp-t]mse \mw C{µn-b-ßƒ {]mW≥ apXem-b-hsb Adnbp-∂-hcpw apºp I≠-Xns\
Hm¿a-sh-°p-∂-h-cpw, Htc ka-bØv At\Iw
kwK-Xn-Isf Adn™phbv-°p-∂-hcpw [mcWw
BI¿j-Ww, F∂nh sNøp-∂-hcpw, Ch-bn¬
\ns∂√mw `n∂-cp-am-Wv. `n∂-c-s√-¶n¬ kzX-{¥ambn I¿aw sNøp-∂h
- t- cm, AXns‚ t{]c-Itcm
A[n-jv-Tm-Xm°tfm Bhp-Itb C√m-bn-cp-∂p.
]©-t¢-i-ßƒ
Ahn-Zym-kvanXm cmK-tZzjm-`n-\n-thimx
]© t¢imx (tbm. Z. 2. 3) Ch-bn¬ Ahn-ZybpsS kzcq]w ]d™p Ign-™p. 11 thdn-ń-cn°p∂ _p≤n Bflm-hn¬ \n∂p `n∂-a-s√∂p
a\- n-em-°p-∂-XmWv Akvan-X-˛-kp-J-Øn-t\mSp≈ CjvSØ
- n\v cmK-sa∂pw ZpxJ-Øn-t\m-Sp≈
CjvSØ
- n\v tZzj-sa∂pw ]d-bp-∂p. Rm≥ kZm
ico-cØ
- n¬ Xs∂ ÿnXn-sN-øpw, Hcn-°epw acn°p- I - b n√ F∂ Pohn- X mi kIe PohnIƒ°pw Ft∏mgpw D≠v. ac-W-Zpx-J-tØm-Sp≈
`b-amWv A`n-\nt-th-iw. Cu A©p t¢i-ß10 ssa{Xo-I-cpWm apZn-tXm-t]-£m-Wmw...... (tbm. Z. 1.38)
11 t]Pv 366 t\m°pI
185
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
sfbpw tbmKm- ` ym- k w- s Im≠pw hn⁄m\w
sIm≠pw AI-‰n-bn´v {_“sØ {]m]n®v ap‡nbpsS ]c-am-\µw A\p-`-hn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ \nßƒ°v kzoIm-cy-amb ap‡nb-√t√m a‰p-≈-h-cp-tS-Xv. t\m°q. ssP\-a-X°m¿°v tam£-in-e-bn¬ AYhm inh-]p-cØn¬ sN∂p au\-ambn Ccn-°p-∂-XmWv
ap‡n. \mem-asØ BIm-i-Øn¬ sN∂v
hnhm-lw, Ie-lw, ]m´pw-sIm-´pw, \√ hkv{X[m-cWw apX-em-b-h-bm¬ B\-µn-°p-∂-XmWv
tam£-sa∂p {InkvXp-a-X-°m¿ Icp-Xp-∂p.
AXp- t ]mse Ggm- a sØ BIm- i - Ø n¬
sN∂p kpJn-°p-∂-XmWv tam£-sa∂p aplΩ-Zo-b¿ Icp-Xp-∂p. hma-am¿Kn-Iƒ {io]p-cØn-epw, ssih-¿ ssIem-kØ
- n-epw, sshjvWh-¿ sshIp-WvTØ
- nepw tKmIpe hmkn-If
- mb
tKmkm-bn-am¿ tKmtem-I-Ønepw sN∂v hninjvS-kv{Xo-Iƒ, A∂-]m-\o-bßƒ, hkv{Xßƒ, hmk-ÿe
- ß
- ƒ apX-em-bh
- sb {]m]n®v
B\-µn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv tam£-sa∂p IcpXp-∂-Xv. ]ucm-Wn-I-cm-Is´ (kmtem-Iyw)
Cuiz-cs‚ temI-Øn¬ hkn-°p-I, (km-\pPyw) A\p-Ps
- \-t∏mse Cuiz-cs‚ IqsS Xmakn-°p-I, (km-cq-]yw) D]m-ky-tZ-hs‚ cq]w
{]m]n-°p-I, (km-ao-]yw) tkh-I-s\-t∏mse
Cuiz-cs‚ kao-]Ø
- n¬ ÿnXn sNøpI (kmbq-Pyw) Cuiz-c-t\mSp IqSn-t®-cpI Cßs\
\mep 12 hn[-Øn-ep-≈-XmWp tam£-sa∂p
Icp-Xp-∂p. ]c-{_-“-Øn¬ ebn-°p-∂-XmWp
tam£-sa-∂p thZm-¥n-Ifpw hniz-kn-°p-∂p.
DØcw:˛ ]{¥≠mw kap-√m-k-Øn¬ ssP\cp-sSbpw ]Xn-aq∂mw kap-√m-k-Øn¬ apk¬am-∑m-cp-sSbpw ap‡n apX-emb hnj-bß
- s
- f-∏‰n
hnkvXc
- n-s®-gp-Xmw. hma-am¿Kn-Iƒ {io]p-cØ
- n¬
sN∂p e£vao-tZ-hn-sb-t∏m-ep≈ kv{XoI-sfbpw
aZy-amw-kmZn `£-Wk
- m-[\
- ß
- s
- fbpw kwKo-XmZn-kp-J-ß-tfbpw A\p-`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂XmWp ap‡n-sb∂p Icp-Xp-∂Xv Cu temI-sØ°mƒ H´pw sa®- a - √ . AXp- t ]m- s e- X - s ∂,
ssIem-k-Øntem sshIp-WvT-Øntem sN∂v,
inh-s‚-tbm, hnjvWp-hn-s‚tbm BIr-Xn-tbm12 ChnsS A©phn[ ap‡n-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂p. DØ-c-Øn¬
kmcq-]y-sØ-∏‰n ]d-bp-∂n-√. km\qPyw ]ucm-Wn-I¿
\n¿t±-in-°p-∂p-an-√. aqe-]m-T-Øn¬ Ft¥m XI-cm-dp≠m-b-Xm-hmw.
Sp-IqSn {io]m¿h-Xn-sb-t∏m-sebpw {io`-K-h-Xnsb- t ∏m- s e- b pap≈ kv { XoI- s fm- c p- a n- ® n- c p∂v
B\µw A\p-`-hn-°pI F∂-Xn¬ Cu temIØn-ep≈ [\-hm-∑m-cp-sSbpw cmPm-°-∑m-cpsSbpw ÿnXn-tb-°mƒ Hcp sa®-ta-bp-≈q.
AhnsS tcmK-ßƒ D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. bu∆\w
F∂pw \ne-\n¬°pw A{X-am-{Xw. F∂m¬
Ah- c psS hnNmcw sX‰m- W v , t`mK- a p- ≈ n- S sØ√mw tcmKhpw tcmK- a p- ≈ n- S - s Ø√mw
hm¿≤vIyhpw \n›-b-am-Wv. \nß-fpsS Cu
\mep-Xcw ap‡n, Iran-Io-S-ßƒ ]£nar-Km-ZnIƒ apX-em-bh
- b
- v°p-IqSn kzkn-≤a
- m-Wv. Fs¥∂m¬ C°m-Wp∂ temI-ß-sf√mw Cuiz-c-t‚Xm-Ip-∂p. kIe Poh-Pm-eß
- f
- pw Chn-sS-Øs∂
hkn-°p-∂X
- n-\m¬km-tem-Iy-sa∂ ap‡n A\mbm-tk\ e`n-°p-∂p. Cuiz-c≥ k¿h-hym-]n-bmI- b m¬ kI- e Xpw At±- l - Ø ns‚ kao]w
ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂p, X∂n-anØw kmao-]y-sa∂
ap‡nbpw kzXx-kn-≤a
- m-Ipw. Pohm-flmhv Cuizc-t\-°mƒ F√m-hn-[-Ønepw sNdn-bXpw tNX\-hp-am-Ib
- m¬ kzXx _‘p-hn-s\-t∏m-se-bm-Wv.
AXn-\m¬ kmbq-Py-sa∂ ap‡nbpw {]bmkw
IqSmsX kn≤n-°p-∂p. kIe Pohm-flm-°fpw
k¿h-hym-]I
- \
- mb ]c-am-flm-hn¬ h¿Øn-°p-∂Xn-\m¬ ]c-am-flm-hn-t\mSp tbmPn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
AXn\m¬ kmbqPyw F∂ ap‡nbpw {]bmkw
IqSmsX e`n-°p-∂p. F∂v ]ucm-Wn-It- cmSp ]db-Ww. a‰p≈ \mkvXn-I¿ 13 ac-Wm-\-¥cw
XØz-ßƒ XØz-ß-tfmSp tN¿∂v ]c-a-amb
ap‡n ssIh-cp-s∂∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂p. AXp
\mbv°ƒ°pw Igp-X-Iƒ°pw IqSn In´m-dp-≠v.
hmkvX-h-Øn¬ CsXm∂pw ap‡n-b-√. Hcp XcØn-ep≈ _‘-\-am-Wv. CsX√mw ap‡n-bmsW∂p hnNm-cn-°p-∂-h¿ inh-]p-cw, tam£ine \memwBImiw, GgmwBIm-iw, {io]pcw, ssIem-kw, sshIpWvTw, tKmtemIw F∂nh-sb√mw Hmtcm Zn°n-ep≈ ÿm\-hn-ti-j-ßfm-sW∂p hnNm-cn-°p-∂p. Ah¿ B ÿm\-ßfn¬ \n∂v hn´p-t]m-Ip-∂-tXm-Sp-IqSn Ah-cpsS
ap‡nbpw Xocp-∂p. then-s°-ń¬ Agn-®p-hn´
t\m´-∏p-≈n-sb-t∏mse Ah¿ _‘-\-ÿ-cm-Wv.
C—m-\p-k-cWw Fhn-sSbpw k©cn-°p-∂-XmWv. ap‡n, `b-tam, i¶-tbm, ZpxJtam D≠m-hpItb C√. P∑w DXv]-Ønbpw acWw {]f-bhpw
13 Nm¿hm-Im-Zn-Iƒ
186
H≥]Xmw kap-√mkw
BWv. ka-b-am-Ip-tºmƒ P∑-sa-Sp-°p-∂p.
]q¿hP∑ kvacW
tNmZyw:˛ P∑w Ht∂m At\-Itam?
DØcw:˛ At\Iw
tNmZyw:˛ At\-Ia-- m-sW-¶n¬ ]q¿h-P-∑w,
acWw F∂n-h-sb-∏‰n Hm¿a-h-cm-Ø-sX¥v?
DØcw:˛ Pohm- fl mhv Aev ] - ⁄ - \ m- W v .
{XnIm-e-⁄m-\n-b-√. AXn-\m¬ Hm¿a D≠m-hp∂n-√. ⁄m\w \¬Ip∂ a\ v Htc-k-abw
c≠v Adn-hp-Iƒ H∂n®p {Kln-°p-hm≥ i‡a√. ]q¿h-P∑Imcy-ßƒ kvacn-°p-∂-Xns‚ IY
Ccn-°-s´, Cu P∑-Øn¬, Poh≥ K¿`-Øn¬
h∂v ico-c-ap-≠mbn P\n-®v, A©p-h-b p hsc
D≠mb Imcy-ß-sf√mw kvacn-°m-\m-Im-Ø-sX¥mWv? Pm{K-Ønepw kz]v\-Ønepw hf-sc-°mcy- ß ƒ {]- X y- £ - a mbn Adn- ™ n´v Ahsb
kp£p-]vXn-˛K
- m-V\
- n-{Z-˛b
- n¬ kvacn-°m-\m-Im-ØsX-¥mWv? IqSmsX Hcp ]¥o-cm≠v apºsØ
]Xn- a q∂mw sIm√- Ø nse A©mw amkw
HºXmw XobXn ]Øp aWn Hcp an\n-ń\v
\nßƒ F¥p sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp∂p? B kabØp \nß-fpsS apJw, ssIøv, sNhn, IÆv
icocw Ch-sb√mw Ftßm´v Xncn-™n-cp∂p?
a\- n¬ F¥p hnNm-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂p? F∂p
tNmZn-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬ \nßƒ F¥p adp-]Sn
]dbpw? Cu P∑-Ønse IY-bn-Xm-sW-¶n¬
]q¿∆-P∑ hrØm-¥-ß-fpsS kvac-W-sb-∏‰n
kwi-bn-°p-∂Xv shdpw _me-Nm-]-ey-am-Wv. B
kvacW D≠m-Im-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xp Xs∂-bmWv
Pohm-flm-hn\p kpJw. As√-¶n¬ ]q¿∆ P∑
ZpxJn®p acn- ° p- I - t b- b p- ≈ q. ]q¿h- P - ∑ - Ø nsebpw hcpw P∑-Øn-sebpw Imcy-ß-f-dn-bm≥
B{K-ln-®mepw AX-km-[y-am-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬,
Pohm-flmhv Aev]-⁄\pw Aev]-kz-cq-]n-bp-amWv. AXn-\m¬ C°mcyw Cuiz-c-\-√msX Pohmflm-hn\v Adn-bm-hp-∂-X-√.
hnkvar-X-I¿a-ß-fpsS êw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
DØcw:˛ ⁄m\w F{X- h n- [ - Ø n- e p- s ≠∂mWv hnNm-cn-°p-∂Xv?
tNZyw:˛ {]-Xy£mZn {]am-W-ß-fm¬ F´phn-[-sa-∂v.
DØcw:˛ F¶n¬ P\\w apX¬ HmtcmkabØv, A[n-Im-cw, kº-Øv, _p≤n, ]Tn-∏v,
Zmcn{Zyw, _p≤n-bn-√m-bva, aqVX apX-emb
kpJZpxJ {]m]vXn-Isf I≠-dn™v ]p\¿÷∑-Øns‚ Adnhv D≠m-Im-Xn-cn°p-∂-sX-¥psIm≠v? t\m°q. sshZy-\pw, sshZy-\-√m-Øbm- f n\pw Htc tcmKw ]nSn- s ]- S p- ∂ p. tcmKØns‚ \nZm\w AYhm ImcWw sshZy≥ Adnbp- ∂ p. sshZy- \ - √ m- Ø - b mƒ Adn- b p- ∂ n- √ .
sshZy≥ Bbp¿thZw A`y-kn-®n-´p-≠.v at‰-bmƒ
A`y-kn-®n-ń√ F∂-XmWv Imc-Ww, ]\n apXemb km[m-cW tcmK-ßƒ ]nSn-s]-Sp-tºmƒ
CXn\p ImcWw ]Yy-t°-SmWv F∂v sshZy-\√m-Ø-bm-fn\pw a\- n-em-°mw. CXp-t]mse
temI-Øn¬ hnhn[ kpJ-Zpx-J-ß-fpsS G‰-°pdhp I≠v ]q¿h-P-∑sØ A\p-am-\n-®-dn-bm-ØsX- ¥ p- s Im- ≠ mWv ? IqSmsX ]q¿h- P ∑w
Ds≠∂v AwKo-I-cn-°mØ ]£w Cuiz-c≥
]£- ] m- X o- b mbnØo- c pw. ]m]w sNømsX
Zmcn{Zyw aqVX apX- e mb ZpxJ- ß - s fbpw
]q¿hm¿Pn-X-amb ]pWyw IqSmsX A[n-Imcw
kºØv XpS-ßnb kpJß-sfbpw Pohm-flmhn\p \ev I n- b - s X- ß s\? ]q¿h- P - ∑ - Ø n¬
sNbvXn-´p≈ ]pWy-]m-]ß
- ƒ°-\p-kc
- n®v kpJZpx-J-ßƒ \evIp-tºm-gm-Is´ Cuiz-c≥ \ymbIm-cn-bmbn h¿Øn-°p-∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ Hcp P∑w am{Xta Ds≈-∂n-cn°nepw Cuiz-c\v \ymb-Im-cn-bm-bn-cn-°m≥
Ign-bpw. k¿hm-[n-]-\mb cmPmhv sNøp-∂sX√mw \ymbw Xs∂-bm-Wv. tXm´-°m-c≥
Xs‚ tXm´- Ø n¬ sNdpXpw hep- X p- a mb
hr£-ßƒ \´p-h-f¿Øp-∂p. Ah-bn¬ NneXns\ Ah≥ shń sNdp-Xm-°p-∂p. Nne-Xns\
]ngpXp If- b p- ∂ p. Nne- X ns\ c£n®v
hf¿Øn-he
- p-Xm-°p∂p. ssIh-iØ
- p-≈X
- ns\
Cjv S w t]mse sNømw. a‰m¿°pw AXp
tNmZn-°m≥ Ah-Im-ia
- n-√. Cuiz-c≥ k¿thm]-cn-bmb \ymbm-[n-]-\m-Wv. a‰mcpw At±-lsØ in£n-°p-I-bn-√. Bscbpw Cuiz-c\p
`b-s∏-Sm-\p-an-√.
DØcw:˛ Cuiz-cs‚ al-Xzhpw ]qPy-X-bpw,
tNmZyw:˛ Pohm-flm-hn\v ]q¿h-kva-c-W-bn√m- X n- c ns° AXn\v Cuiz- c ≥ in£
\evIp∂ ]£w Pohm-flm-hn\v kXvI¿am`ncpNn D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. Rm≥ sNbvX I¿aØns‚ ê-amWv Ct∏m-g-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-sX∂
Adn-hp-≠m-bm¬ am{Xta ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂v
]n≥-hm-ßp-hm≥ Pohm-flm-hn\p Ign-bp-I-bp≈q. At√?
187
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
\ymbw CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂-Xnepw sNøp-∂-Xnepw
A\ymbw sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xnepw A[n-jvTn-Xam-Wv. \ymb-t°Sv sNbvXm¬ Cuiz-c≥ A√mXm- I pw. tXm´- ° m- c ≥ bp‡n- b n- √ msX hgnbntem at‰macw hf¿Øp-Ibpw sh´-cp-Xm-Øhsb sh´p-Ibpw ]mgva-c-ßƒ hf¿Øp-Ibpw
\√-a-c-ßƒ hf¿Øm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂]£w \nµn-X-\m-hp-Itb D≈q. AXp-t]mse
AIm-c-W-ambn {]h¿Øn-®m¬ Cuiz-c-\nepw
B tZmjw hcpw. Cuiz-c≥ \ymbm-\p-kr-X-ambn-Øs∂ {]h¿Øn-°-Ww, Cuiz-c≥ kz`mth\ ]hn-{X\pw \ymb-Im-cn-bp-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬
D∑-Ø-s\-t∏mse h√Xpw sNbvXm¬ temIØnse \√ \ymbm-[n-]-t\-°mƒ Xmgv∂-h\pw
A\m-Z-c-Wo-b-\p-am-bn-t∏m-Ipw. tbmKy-Xtbm
kXv°¿am-\p-jvTm-\tam C√m-Ø-bm-fn\v _lpam- \ hpw Zpjv I r- X y- ß ƒ sNøm- Ø - b m- f n\v
in£bpw \¬Ip- ∂ - b mƒ \nµy\pw At{ijvT\pw BhpI-bnt√? AXn-\m¬ Cuiz-c≥ Hcn°epw A\-bmkw {]h¿Øn-°p-∂n-√. X∂nanØw Xs∂ Bscbpw `b-s∏-Sp-∂p-an-√.
tNmZyw:˛ Cuiz-c≥ B¿°p F{X sImSp°m-sa∂v ap≥Iqń Xocp-am-\n-®-{Xbpw \¬IpIbpw F¥p-sN-ø-W-sa∂p Xocp-am-\n-®Xp
sNøp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
DØcw:˛ Cuiz- t c— Pohm- fl m- ° - f psS
I¿asØ A\p-k-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p, adn-®-√, As√¶n¬ Cuiz-c≥ A]-cm-[nbpw A\ym-b-°m-c-\pam-Ipw.
tNmZyw:˛ kpJ-Zpx-J-ßƒ hen-b-h¿°pw
sNdn-bh
- ¿°pw Xpey-am-Wv., hen-bh
- ¿°v henb-hn-Nm-cw, sNdn-b-h¿°p sNdn-b-hn-Nmcw
A{Xtb hyXym-k-ap-≈q. Hcp henb hym]mcn°v tImS-Xn-bn¬ e£w cq]-bpsS tIkp≠m- b n- c p∂p F∂p hnNm- c n- ° p- I . B
tIkns‚ Bh-iy-Øn\v th\¬°m-eØv ]√°n¬ Ibdn Aßm-Sn-bn¬°qSn tImS-Xn-bnte-°p t]mIp-∂p, Abmƒ Aßns\ t]mIp∂Xp I≠n´v Adn-h n-√mØ P\-ß ƒ ]dbp∂p:˛ ""t\m°p-I, ]pWy-]m-]ß
- f
- psS êw.
Hcp-Ø≥ ]√-°n¬ kpJ-ambn Ccn-°p-∂p. a‰p≈- h ¿ sNcp- ∏ p- t ]mepw CSmsX apI- f n¬
\n∂pw Xmsg-\n∂pw NqSpw kln®v ]√°p
Npa-∂p-sIm≠p \S-°p-∂p.'' F∂m¬ tImSnXn
ASp-°p-t¥mdpw hym]m-cn°p hnj-ahpw kwi-
b-ßfpw ]√°v Npa-°p-∂-h¿°p kt¥mjhpw h¿≤n-°p-sa∂v _p≤n-am-∑m-cm-b-h¿°v
Adn- b mw. tImS- X n- b n¬ sNs∂- Ø p- t ºmtg°pw I®-h-S-°m-c-\v, ""h°o-ens‚ ASp°tem inc- k v X m- Z m- c psS ASp- ° - t et°m
t]mtI- ≠ Xv ? C∂p Rm≥ Pbn- ° ptam
tXmev°ptam Bthm'' Fs∂-√m-amIpw Nn¥Iƒ. ]√-s°-Sp-°p-∂-h-cm-I-s´, ]pI-h-en®v
shSn ]d™v kpJ-ambn InS-∂p-d-ßpw. Pbn®m¬ hym]m- c n°v Ipd- s ®mcp a\ pJw
tXm∂pw. tXm‰m¬ k¥m- ] - k - a p- { Z- Ø n¬
B≠p-t]m-b-Xp-X-s∂. F∂m¬ Npa-´p-Im-cmI-s´, aptº-t]mse Xs∂ Ccn-°p∂p. CXpt]mse cmPm-hn∂v kpµ-chpw arZp-hp-amb
saØ-ta¬ InS-∂mepw thKw Dd°w hcp-∂n√. Iqen-th-e-°m¿ I√pw aÆpw \nd™
Ip∂pw XS-hp-amb ÿeØv InS-∂mepw thKw
Dd-ßp-∂p. C{]-Imcw F√m Imcy-ß-fnepw
{Kln-®p-sIm-≈p-I.
DØcw:˛ A⁄m-\n-I-fpsS hnNm-c-am-WnXv
B hym]m-cn-tbmSv ""\o ]√°p Npa-´p-Im-c-\mbn- s °m≈q'' F∂p ]d- ™ m¬ Hcn- ° epw
tIƒ°p-I-bn-√. F∂m¬ ]√°p NpΩp-∂-ht\mSv \o hym]m-cn-bm-Ipt∂m F∂p tNmZn-®m¬
AXn-\n-jvSs
- ∏-Sp-∂X
- m-Wv. kpJ-Zpx-Jß
- ƒ Xpeyam-sW-¶n¬ Ah-\h
- s‚ Ah-ÿsb Dt]-£n®v
Db¿∂-ht\m Xmgv∂-ht\m BIm≥ Bcpw
CjvS-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. t\m°q. Hcp Pohm-flmhv
hnZzm-\pw, ]pWym-flm-hpw, {ioam-\p-amb cmPmhns‚ cm⁄n-bpsS K¿`-Øn¬ {]th-in-°p-∂p.
as‰mcp Poh≥ alm Zcn-{Zbpw ]p√p-sNØn
hnev°p-∂-Xp-amb Hcp kv{XobpsS K¿`-Øn¬
P\n-°p-∂p. H∂n\p K¿`w apX¬°v F√m kpJßfpw at‰-Xn\v F√m ZpxJ-ßfpw e`n-°p-∂p.
]nd-∂-bp-Ss\ H∂ns\ kpK-‘-P-e-Øn¬ Ipfn∏n-°p-∂p. bp‡n-]q¿hw ]p°nƒ apdn-°p-∂p.
ape IpSnbpw a‰pw th≠pw hÆw \S-Øp-∂p.
AXn\v ]m¬ th≠-t∏mƒ I¬°-≠hpw a‰pw
tN¿Øv ]m¬ CjvSw t]mse \¬Ip-∂p. Ipfn∏n-°p-hm≥ `rXycpw Ifn-°p-hm≥ Ifn-t°m-∏pIfpw kpe-`w. FSp-Øp-sIm≠p \S-°p-hm\pw
emfn-°p-hm\pw sIm´m-c-Øn¬ kuI-cy-ßƒ
F√map≠v. at‰-Xm-I-s´, P\n-°p-∂-Xp-Xs∂
Imń¬. AXns\ Ipfn-∏n-°p-hm≥ sh≈hpw
IqSn D≠m-hn-√. ]m¬Ip-Sn-°p-hm≥ sImXn-®m¬
188
H≥]Xmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
In´p- ∂ Xv {]lcam- b n- c n- ° pw. Xe- X - √ n- ° - c ™mepw Bcpw Xncn-™p-t\m-°p-Ib
- n-√., Csß
]pWy-]m-]-ßƒ sNømsX Pohm-flm-°ƒ°p
kpJ-Zpx-J-ßƒ \¬Ip∂ ]£w Cuiz-cs‚
t]cn¬ A]- h m- Z - a p- ≠ m- I pw. IqSmsX
bmsXm∂pw sNømsX kpJ-Zpx-J-ßƒ A\p-`hn-°p-sa-¶n¬ ac-Wm-\-¥cw kz¿K-\-c-I-ßƒ
k¶-ev]n-t°≠ Bh-iy-hp-an-√. Fs¥-∂m¬
Cuiz-c≥ Cu P∑Øn¬ kpJ-Zpx-J-ßƒ I¿aß-fn-√msX X∂n-´p-≈X
- p-t]mse ac-Wt- i-jhpw
Xs‚ CjvS-{]-Imcw Hcp-h\p kz¿Khpw CXc\v \c-Ihpw \¬Ipw. ]ns∂-¥n-\mWv [¿aw
A\p- j v T n- ° p- ∂ Xv ? F√m Pohm- fl m- ° fpw
A[¿a-\n-c-X-cm-hpw,. Fs¥∂m¬ [¿Ω-Øns‚
êe_v [ n kwi- b m- k v ] - Z - a m- W - t √m. AXv
Cuiz-cs‚ ssIh-i-am-Wv. CjvS-ap-≈-h¿°p
sImSp- ° pw. At∏mƒ ]m]w sNøp- ∂ - X n¬
B¿°pw `ban√mXmIpw. temI-Øn¬ [¿Ω£-bhpw ]m]-hr-≤nbpw kw`-hn°pw, AXn\m¬ ]q¿h- P - ∑ - Ø nse ]pWy- ] m- ] - ß f\pkcn®v h¿Ø-am\ P∑hpw h¿Ø-am-\-P-∑Øntebpw ]q¿h-P-∑-Øn-tebpw I¿a-ß-f-\p-kcn®v `mhn-P-∑hpw kw`hn-°p-∂p.
Poh≥ Xpeyw
tNmZyw :˛ a\p-jy-t‚bpw arK-ß-fp-tSbpw
ico-c-Ønse Poh≥ Htc C\tam AtXm
sht∆-tdtbm?
DØcw :˛ Pohm-flm-°ƒ Htc C\w Xs∂,
F∂m¬ ]m]-]p-Wy-ß-f-\p-k-cn®v aen-\hpw
]hn-{X-hp-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
hn`n-∂t- bm-\n-Iƒ
tNmZyw :--˛ a\pjys‚ Poh≥ arKm-Zn-If
- nepw
Ah-bpsS Poh≥ a\p-jy-\nepw kv{Xo Poh≥
]pcp-j-\nepw ]pcp-j-Po-h≥ kv{Xo ico-cØnepw hcn-Ibpw t]mIp-Ibpw sNøptam?
DØcw :˛ sNøpw, ]m]w h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw
]pWyw Ipd-bp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ a\p-jymflmhv arKmZn \oN-tbm-\n-bnepw [¿Ωw A[nIhpw ]m]w Ipd-hp-am-Ip-tºmƒ tZh-∑m-cpsS ˛˛
AXm-bXv hnZzm≥am-cpsS ˛˛-ic
- o-cs
- Øbpw {]m]n°p- ∂ p. ]pWy- ] m]ßƒ XpeyamIp- t ºmƒ
km[m-cW a\p-jy-P∑w e`n-°p-∂p. AXn¬
Xs∂ DØ-a˛ a[y-a˛ \nIrjvS ico-cmZn kma{KnIƒ e`n°pw. ]m]m-[n-IysØ arK-i-co-c-ß-
fn¬ A\p-`-hn-s®m-S-p-°nb tijw ]pWy]m]ßƒ Xpey-am-Ip-tºmƒ ho≠pw a\p-jy-i-cocsØ {]m]n-°p∂p. CXp-t]mse A[n-I-]pWysØ A\p-`-hn-®-tijw a≤ykvYamb a\pjy-i-co-c-sØbpw {]m]n-°p-∂p.
ac-Whpw P∑hpw
Poh≥ ico-c-Øn¬\n∂p t]mIp-∂-Xn-s\bmWv ac-W-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. ico-c-hp-ambn
Poh≥ kwtbm-Pn-∏n-°p-∂X
- ns‚ t]cmWv P∑w.
Poh≥ th¿s∏´p Ign-™m¬ bam-e-b-Øn¬
AYhm BIm-i-ÿ-amb hmbp-hn¬ hkn-°p∂p. ""bat\ hmbq\m'' 14 F∂p thZ-hm-Iyap-≈-Xn-\m¬ ba≥ hmbp-hm-Wv. Kcp-U-]p-cm-WØnse ba- \ - √ . Cu hnj- b - s Ø- ∏ ‰n ]Xns\m∂mw kap-√m-k-Øn¬ hni-Z-ambn \ncq]Ww sNøp- ∂ - X m- W v . ]n∂oSv [¿a- c m- P ≥
AYhm k¿th-iz-c≥ ˛ B ˛Po-hs‚ ]m]-]pWy-ß-f-\p-k-cn®v AXn\v P∑w \¬Ip-∂p.
B Poh≥ Cuiz-cs‚ t{]c-W-bm¬ hmbp,
A∂w, Pew F∂n-h-bn-eqsStbm AYhm icoc-Øn-ep≈ On{Z-ß-fn¬IqSntbm A\y-i-co-cØn¬ {]th-in-°p-∂p. ]n∂oSv {Ita-W-ho-cyØnepw K¿`-Ønepw ÿnXn sNbvXv, icocw
[cn-∏n®v ]pdØp hcp-∂p. Hcp kv{XobpsS
icocw [cn- ° Ø°hn- [ - a p≈ I¿a- ß ƒ
sNbvXn-´p≈ ]£w kv{Xo ico-c-Ønepw Hcp
]pcp-js‚ ico-c-e-_v[n°p X°-I¿a-ß-fmWp
sNbvXn-´p-≈-sX-¶n¬ ]pcp-j-i-co-c-Ønepw
{]th-in-°p-∂p. \]pw-k-I-am-bn- P-\n-°p-∂Xv
K¿`m-[m\ ka-bØp kv{Xo ]pcpj∑mcpsS
ico- c - k wtbmKØm- e p- ≠ m- I p∂ cPkpw
tcXkpw Xpey-am-I-bm-em-Wv. Pohm-flmhv DØa-amb I¿aw, D]m-k-\, PvRm\w F∂n-h-bm¬
tam£w kºm-Zn-°p-∂-Xp-hsc Cß-s\-bp≈
hnhn[ P\- \ - a - c - W - ß - f n¬ InS- ∂ p- g - e p- ∂ p.
F∂m¬ DØ-a-amb I¿a-ßfpw a‰pw A\p-jvTn®m¬ a\p-jy-cn¬ DXvIr-jvS-amb P∑w e`n-°pIbpw tam£-Øn¬ alm-Iev] Imew hsc P\\-a-cW ZpxJ-ß-sfm-∂pw- Iq-SmsX B\-µ-Øn¬
h¿Øn-°m-hp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ apIXn Hcp P∑w sImt≠m
14 bPqcvthZw 38.9 \v iX-]Yw 14.2.2.11 se hymJym-\w.
bta tbm f bw (hm-bp) ]htX F∂p ImWp-∂p.
189
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
At\Iw P∑-ßƒ sImt≠m e`n-°p-∂Xv?
DØcw :˛ At\Iw P∑-ßƒ sIm≠v.
`nZytX lrZ-b-{K-Ÿn-›n-Zyt¥ kcvh-kwibmx; £obt¥ Nmky I¿amWn Xkvan≥
ZrjvtS-]-cm-h-tc. (ap.-D.2.2.8)
Cu Pohm-flm-hns‚ lrZ-b-Ønse AhnZy
AYhm A⁄m-\-am-Ip∂ _‘w A‰p-t]m-IpIbpw kI-e-kw-i-b-ßfpw \in-°p-Ibpw ]m]I¿a-ßƒ £bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ am{Xta
Cu Poh≥ AIØpw ]pdØpw Fßpw hym]n®n-cn-°p∂ ]c-am-flm-hn¬ \nh-kn-°p-Ibp≈q.
ap‡n, ebtam?
tNmZyw:˛ ap‡n-bn¬ Pohm-flmhv ]c-amflm-hn¬ ebn-®p-t]m-Iptam AtXm thdn´v
ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂pthm?
DØcw :-˛ thdn´v ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂p.-Po-h≥
ebn®p t]mbm¬ ]ns∂ ap‡n-kpJw A\p-`hn-°p-∂-Xmcv ? tam£-km-[-\-I-sf√mw \njvê- ß - f m- h p- I bpw sNøpw. AXp ap‡n- b - √ .
Pohs‚ {]f-ba
- m-sW∂v a\- n-em-°W
- w. Poh≥
Cuiz-cs‚ B⁄m-]m-e-\w, kXvI¿a-ßƒ
k’wKw, tbmKm-`ymkw F∂n-h-sN-øp-Ibpw
apºp ]d™ km[-\-I-sf√mw A\p-jvTn-°pIbpw sNøp-tºmƒ am{Xta tam£w e`n-°p∂p-≈q.
kXyw ⁄m\- a - \ ¥w {_“tbm thZ
\nlnXw Kplmbmw ]c- t a- t hym- a ≥;
tkmiv\ptX k¿hm≥ Imam≥ kl
{_“Wm hn]-›n-tXXn (ssX. D.{_ h. 1)
Xs‚ _p≤n-bnepw Bflm-hnepw ÿnXn-sNøp∂ kXy-hpw, ⁄m\hpw A\-¥-amb B\µ-kz-cq-]-\p-amb ]c-am-flm-hns\ Adn-bp∂
Pohm-flmhv k¿h-hym-]n-bmb B {_“-Øn¬
Ccp∂v B hn]-›nØv AYhm A\-¥-hn-Zymbp-‡-amb {_“-tØm-sSm-cp-an®v F√m Ima-ßsfbpw AXm-bXv B{K-ln-°p∂ B\-µ-ß-sfsb√mw {]m]n-°p-∂p. CXmWv ap‡n.
tNmZyw:˛ ico-ca
- n-√msX euIn-Ik
- p-Jß
- ƒ
A\p-`-hn-°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xp-t]mse ap‡nbn¬ ico- c - a n- √ msX Fßs\ kpJ- a - \ p- ` hn°pw?
15 t]Pv 374 k¿h-Xz-am-[n-Im-cn-Iav F∂ aoamwkm kq{X{]-Imcw ]q¿W-⁄m-\n°v ⁄m\-h¿≤-\hv F{X-bmImtam A{Xbpw sIm≠v ]q¿W-Xs
- b-∂¿Y-am-Wv.
DØcw:˛ CXn-\p-Øcw apºv ]d-™-Xm-Wv.
I
- p-d®p IqSn ]d-bmw. tIƒ°p-I. Pohm-flmhv
euIn-Ik
- p-Jß
- ¬ A\p-`h
- n-°p-∂Xv ico-csØ
B{i-bn-®m-Wv. AXp-t]mse Cuiz-cs\ B{ibn-®mWv Pohm-flmhv tam£m-\µw A\p-`h
- n-°p∂-Xv. tam£w {]m]n® Pohm-flmhv A\-¥hpw
hym]-I-hp-amb {_“-Øn¬ kz—µw hnl-cn-°p∂p.
ip≤-⁄m-\-Øm¬ kI-e-kr-jvSn-I-tfbpw
I≠v, CX-c-ap-‡m-flm-°-fp-ambn kl-h-kn-°p∂p. krjvSn-hn-Zy-Isf {Ia-Øn¬ I≠-dn™psIm≠v temI-tem-Im-¥-c-ß-fn¬ AXmbXv
Zriyhpw AZr-iy-hp-amb F√m temI-ß-fnepw
hnl-cn-°p-∂p. AXns‚ ⁄m\-Øn\pw AXoX-amb F√mhkvXp-°-tfbpw I≠-dn-bp-∂p.
⁄m\w F{X-b-[n-I-cn-°p-∂pthm AXn-\-\p-kcn®v B\-µhpw A[n-I-cn-°p-∂p.
15
kz¿Khpw \c-Ihpw
ap‡n-bn¬ Pohm-flmhp \n¿a-e-\m-I-bm¬
]q¿W-⁄m-\n-bm-hp-∂Xpw, Adn-b-s∏-SmØ
kI-e]
- Z- m¿Y-ßf
- p-sSbpw bYm¿Y-⁄m\w e`n°p-∂-Xp-amWv Cu kpJ-hn-ti-j-Øns\ kz¿Ksa∂pw hnj-bX
- r-jvWbn¬s∏´v A\p-`h
- n-°p∂
ZpxJ hnti-j-Øn\v \c-I-sa∂pw ]d-bp∂p.
kzx, kpJ-\m-aam-Wv. kzx kpJw K—Xn bkvan≥
k kzcvKx AtXm hn]-cotXm ZpxJ t`mKm
\cI CXn'' kmwkm- c n- I - k pJw kmam\y
kz¿Khpw ]c-{_-“-{]m-]vXn-bn¬ \n∂p-f-hmIp∂ ]c-am-\µw hnti-j-kz¿Khpw BWv.
Pohm-flm-°-sf√mw kpJw {]m]n-°m\pw ZpxJßƒ ZqcoI-cn-°m\pw kz`m-th\ A`n-e-jn-°p∂p. ]t£ ]m]-ßsf XyPn-°p-Ibpw [¿aw
A\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp XpS-ßp-∂-Xp-hsc
Ah¿°p kpJw In´p-Itbm ZpxJw C√m-Xm-hpItbm C√. Fs¥-∂m¬ ImcWw \ne-\n-ev°ptºmƒ AXv Hcn-°epw \in-°p-∂n-√. Ont∂
aqte hrt£m \iyXn XYm ]mt]-£otW
ZpxJw \iy-Xn,
thc‰ hr£w \in-°p-∂p. AXp-t]mse ]m]a-I-‰n-bm¬ ZpxJhpw \in-°pw.
]m]-]p-Wy-ßƒ˛ KpW-ßƒ
]pWy-]m-]ß
- f
- psS hnhn[ KXn-It- f-∏‰n a\pkvarXnbn¬ h¿Wn-°p-∂Xp t\m°pI:˛
1. am\kw a\-ssk-hm-b-ap-]-`pwt‡ ip`mf
190
H≥]Xmw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
ip`w. hmNm hmNm IrXw I¿a Imtb-ss\hN Imbn-Iav.
2. ico-cssPx Icva tZm-ssj-cymXn ÿmhcXmw \cx hmNnssI ]£n-ar-KXmw am\-sskc¥y PmXn-Xnav.
3. tbm bssZjmw KptWm tZtl kmItey-\m-Xn-cn-NytX, k XZm XZvKp-W-{]mb. Xw
ItcmXn ico-cn-Wav
4. kXzw ⁄m\w Xtamf ⁄m\w cmKtZzju cPx kvarXw, GXZv hym]vXn
atZtXjmw kcvh-`q-Xm-{inXw h]px
5. X{X bXv {]oXn kwbp‡w Inw NnZmfl\n e£-tbXv {]im¥ anh ip≤m`w kXzw
XZp-]-[m-c-tbXv.
6. bØp ZpxJ-kambp‡-a-{]o-Xn-I-c-amfl\x, X{ZtPf {]Xn]w hnZym-’-XXw lmcn
tZln-\mav.
7. bØp kymt∑ml kwbp-‡-a-hy‡w
hnjbm-fl-Iav, A{]-Xcv°y-a-hn-t⁄bw XakvX-Zp-]-[m-c-tbXv
8. {Xbm-Wm-a]n ssNtXjmw KpWm\mw bx
^tem-Zbx, At{Kym at[ym PL-\y-›nXw
{]h-£ym-ay-ti-jXx
9.-th-Zm-`ym-kk
- vXt]m⁄m\w iuN-an-{µnb
\n{Klx [cva {Inbm-fl-Nn¥m N kzmXznIw
KpW-e-£-Wav.
10. Bcw-`-cp-NnXmf ss[cy-a-kXv Imcy-]-cn{Klx, hnj-tbm-]-tkhm NmP{kw cmP-kw
KpW-e-£-Wav.
11. tem`x kz]vt\m- [ rXnx {Iucyw
\mkvXnIyw `n∂-hr-ØnXm bmNn-jvWpXm
{]am-Z› Xmakw KpW-e-£-Wav.
12. bXvIcva-IrXzm Ipcvhw› Icnjyw
ss›h e÷Xn, Xt⁄bw hnZpjm kcvhw
Xmakw KpW-e-£-Wav.
13. tb\m-kvan≥ IcvaWm temtI JymXnan-—Xn ]pjvI-emav, \N timNXy kw]Øu
XZzn-t⁄bw Xp cmP-kav.
14. b’cvth-tW-—Xn ⁄mXpw b∂ ePvPXn-Nm-Nc
- ≥, tb\ XpjyXn Nmflmky X’Xz
KpW-e-£-Wav.
15. Xatkm e£Ww Imtam cPk
kvXzcvY DNytX, kXz-ky-e-£Ww [¿ax
ss{ijvTy-tajmw btYm-Ø-cav
a\p. A. 12. t«m. 8,9,25-˛33, 35-˛38)
1. a\p-jy≥ C{]-Imcw Ah-\h
- s‚ DØ-ahpw
a[y- a hpw \n- I rjv S - h p- a mb kz`m- h - ß sf
Adn™v DØ-ak
- z-`m-hsØ ssIs°m-≈p-Ibpw
a[ya \nIrjv-S-ßsf XyPn-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww.
Pohm-flmhv a\ m sNøp∂ ip`hpw Aip-`-hpamb GXp I¿a-Øn-s‚bpw êw a\ p-sIm≠pw, hm°p- s Im≠p sNøp- ∂ - X ns‚ êw
hm°p-sIm≠pw ico-cw-sIm≠p sNøp-∂-Xns‚
êw icocw sIm≠pw A\p-`-hn-°p-∂p.
2. GsXmcp a\p-jy≥ ico-cw-sIm≠v tamjaw, ]c-kv{Xo-K-a-\w, t{ijvTsc h[n-°pI apXemb Zpjv I ¿a- ß ƒ sNøp- ∂ pthm Ah\v
hr£mZn ÿmh- c - ß - f psS P∑hpw hm°psIm≠p ]m]-I¿a-ßƒ sNøp-∂-h\v ]£n-arKm-Zn-I-fpsS P∑hpw a\- p-sIm≠v ZpjvI¿aßƒ sNøp-∂-h\v NWvUm-em-Zn-I-fpsS P∑hpw
In´p-∂p.
3. Cu ico-c-Øn¬ GXp KpWw A[n-I-ambn-´pt≠m AXv Cu Pohm-flm-hns\ AXn-\-\pk-cn-®-Xmbn Xo¿°p-∂p.
4. Bflm-hn¬ ⁄m\-ap-f-f-t∏mƒ kXz-KpWaps≠∂pw, A⁄m-\-ap-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ XtamKp-Wa
- p-s≠-∂pw, Bflm-hn\v cmKt-Zz-jm-Zn-If
- n¬
Bk- ‡ n- b p- ≠ m- I p- t ºmƒ cmtPm- K p- W - a msW∂pw Adn-b-Ww. {]Ir-Xn-bpsS Cu aq∂p
KpW-ßƒ PK-Øn-ep-ff kIe hkvXp-°-fnepw
hym]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
5. Ahsb hnth-Nn-®-dn-tb-≠-Xn-ß-s\-bmWv:-˛ Bflm-hn¬ {]k-∂-Xbpw, a\ n¬ {]im¥-Xbpw \n¿a-e-amb ⁄m\hpw Df-f-Xm-bn-cn°p-tºmƒ kXz-KpWw ap∂n´p \nev°p-s∂∂pw
ctPm-Kp-Whpw Xtam-Kp-Whpw A{]-[m-\-ß-fmsW∂pw {Kln-°-Ww.
6. Bflmhpw a\ pw ZpxJ-]q¿Whpw A{]k-∂hpw Bbn hnj-b-ß-fn¬ Np‰n-Xn-cn-bp-hm≥
XpS-ßp-tºmƒ ctPm-KpWw {][m-\-am-sW∂pw
kXz-Kp-Whpw Xtam-Kp-Whpw A{]-[m-\-ß-fmsW∂pw Adn-b-Ww.
7. taml- Ø n¬ AXm- b - X v , kmwkm- c nI
hkvXp-°-fn¬ Bflmhpw a\ pw apgp-In-bp-g-
191
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
ep-tºmƒ, Bflm-hnepw a\ nepw hnthIw
C√m-Xm-Ip-tºmƒ, hnj-bm-k-‡hpw {]Xn-I-cW-cl
- n-Xhpw Bbn ⁄m\-kº
- m-Z\
- Ø
- n\p IgnbmsX hcp-tºmƒ F∂n¬ Xtam-KpWw {][m\-am-sW∂pw kXz-KpWw ctPm-KpWw F∂nh
A{]-[m-\-ß-fm-sW∂pw \n›-b-am-°n-s°m-f-fWw.
8. Cu aq∂p KpW-ßf
- p-tSbpw DØaw, a[yaw
A[aw F∂o ê-{]m-]vXn-Is
- f-∏‰n ]q¿W-ambn
]dbmw.
9. thZ-ß-fpsS A≤y-b-\w, [¿am-\p-jvTm-\w,
⁄m\-h¿≤-\-hv. ]cn-ip-≤-X-bv°p-ff C—,
C{µn-b-\n-{K-lw, [¿a-hr-Øn, Bfl-Nn-¥\w
F∂n-h-bmWv kXz-Kp-W-Øns‚ e£-Ww.
10. ctPm-KpWw _e-h-Øm-Ibpw kXz-KpWw
Xtam-KpWw F∂nh Ipd-bp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ
I¿am-cw-`-Øn¬ D’m-lw, ss[cyan-√m-bva,
ZpjvIr-Xy-ß-fn¬ {]hr-Øn, hnj-b-kp-Jm-\p-`h-Øn¬ \nc-¥-c-amb B{Klw F∂n-h-sb√mw
D≠mIpw At∏mƒ X∂n¬ ctPm-KpWw {][m\-am-bn-cn-°p-s∂∂v Adn-b-Ww.
11. Xtam- K pWw {]_- e - h pw, a‰p c≠pw
£oWn-Xhpw BIp-tºmƒ ]m]-ß-fp-sS-sb√mw
aqe-amb tem`w h¿≤n-°pw. ISpØ Ae-k-X,
Dd-°w, ss[cy-cm-ln-Xyw, {IqcX, \mkvXn-Iyw˛-th-Z-ß-fnepw Cuiz-c-\nepw {i≤-bn-√m-bva˛
A¥x-I-c-W-Øns‚ hn`n-∂-hr-Øn-Iƒ˛GIm-{KNn-Øa
- n-√mbva, Zpxkz-`m-hß
- f
- n¬{]Xn-]Øn apXem-bh D≠m-Ip-∂p. Ch-sb√mw h¿≤n® XtamKp-WØ
- ns‚ e£-Wß
- f
- m-sW∂p {Kln-°W
- w.
12. AXp-t]mse Ah-\h
- s‚ Bflmhv GsX¶nepw Hcp {]hrØn sNbvX-Xn-\p-ti-jtam
sNøp-tºmtgm sNøp-hm≥ hnNm-cn-°p-tºmtgm
e÷, `bw, i¶ F∂n-h-bp-≠m-bm¬ XtamKpWw h¿≤n-®n-cn-°p-s∂∂p a\-kn-em-°-Ww.
13. GsX-¶nepw I¿aw sIm≠v temI-{]-ikvXn-t\-Sp-hm≥ B{K-ln-°p-Ibpw Zmcn{Zyw
Ds≠-¶nepw kvXpXn-]m-TI
- ∑m¿°v ]Ww \¬Ip∂Xv \n¿Øm- X n- c n- ° p- I bpw sNøp- t ºmƒ
X∂n¬ ctPm-KpWw {]_-e-am-sW-∂pw Adn-bWw.
14. a\p-jys‚ Bflmhv F√m-bn-S-Øp-\n∂pw
Adn-hp-t\-Sp-hm≥ B{K-ln-°p-I-bpw, kXvIrXyßfn¬ e÷-bn-√m-Xn-cn-°p-I-bpw, Bflm-
hns‚ {]k-∂-X-bv°p-X-Ip∂ I¿aw sNøp-Ibpw, AXm-bXv [¿am-N-c-W-Øn¬ am{Xw A`ncpNn D≠m-hp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ X∂n¬ kXzKpWw {]_-e-sa∂v a\-kn-em-°-Ww.
15. Xtam-Kp-W-Øns‚ e£Ww Ima-am-Wv.
ctPm-Kp-W-Øns‚ e£Ww [\-k-ºm-Z-\-Øn\p-ff A`n-em-jh
- pw, kXz-Kp-WØ
- ns‚ e£Ww
[¿am-\p-jvTm-\-hp-am-Wv. Xtam-Kp-W-tØ-°mƒ
ctPm-Kp-W-hpw, ctPm-Kp-W-tØ-°mƒ kXz-KpWhpw t{ijvT-am-Ip-∂p.
kXzm-Zn-Kp-W-ßfpw P∑hpw
GtXXp KpW-ßƒ GtXXv KXn-bn-te°v
Pohs\ \bn-°p∂p F∂v FgpXmw:˛
1. tZhXzw kmXznIm bm¥n a\p-jy-Xzw
N cmPkmx, Xncvø‡zw Xmakm \nXy-antXyjm {Xnhn[m KXnx
2. ÿmhcmx Iran IoSm-›-a’ymx kcv]m›-I-—-]mx 16 , ]i-h-›-ar-Km-ssizh PL\ym-Xm-ako KXnx.
3. lkvXn-\› Xpcw-Km-›- ip{Zm tæ—m›
KcvlnXmx knwlm-hym{Lm hcm-lm› a[yam -Xm-ako KXnx.
4. Nmc-Wm› kp]cvWm› ]pcp-js
- s›h
Zmw`nImx, c£mwkn N ]nim-Nm› Xma-kojq-Øam KXnx.
5.Xv[√m a√m \Sm-ss›h ]pcp-jmx- i-kv{Xhr-Øbmx ZyqX-]m-\-{]-k-‡m› PL-\ym-cmPko KXnx
6. cmPm\x £{Xn-bm-ss›h cm⁄mw
ssNh ]ptcm-lnXmx hmZ-bp≤ {][m-\m›
a≤yam cmPko KXnx.
7. K‘cvhm KplyIm b£m hn_p-[m-\pN-cm-›tbx, XssY-hm-]vk-ckx kcvhm cmPko-jq-Ø-am-KXnx.
8. Xm]km bXtbm hn{]mtb N ssham\nIm KWmx, \£{XmWn N ssZXym›
{]Yam kmXznIo KXnx.
9.-bP
- zm\ Ejtbm tZhm thZm tPymXowjn
h’cmx, ]nXm-c-ss›h km[ym-›- Zzn-Xobm
kmXznIo KXnx.
10. {_“m hniz-krtPm [cvtam alm-\-hy16 a\p-kvar-Xn-bn¬ kcv]mx kI-—]x F∂p ]mTw
192
H≥]Xmw kap-√mkw
‡-ta-hN, DØaw kmXzn-Io-taXmw KXn-amlpcva-\o-jWx
11. C{µn-bmWmw {]kw-tK\ [cva-kym-tkh-t\-\N, ]m]m≥ kwbm¥n kwkm-cm-\-hnZzmwtkm \cm-[amx (a-\p.12.40.42-˛50, 52)
(a-\p.12.40,42-˛-˛50,52)
1. kmXzn-I-cmb a\p-jy¿ tZh≥am-cp-sSbpw
hnZzm≥am-cp-sS-bpw˛ cmtPm-Kp-W°
- m¿ a-[y-ac
- mb
a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw, Xtam-Kp-W°
- m¿ A[-ac
- p-tSbpw
KXnsb {]m]n-°p-∂p.
2. AXy¥w Xtam-Kp-Wn-I-fm-b-h¿ hr£m-Znÿm-hc hkvXp-°-fp-tSbpw Iran,-Io-Sw, a’yw,k¿∏w, -B-a, -]-ip, -am≥ F∂n-h-bp-tSbpw
P∑sØ {]m]n-°p-∂p.
3. a[y-aa
- mb Xtam-Kp-W°
- m¿°v iq{Z¿,-tæ-—¿,
\nµy I¿a-ßƒ sNøp-∂-h¿ F∂n-h-cp-sSbpw
B\, IpXn-c,-knw-lw,-]p-en,-]∂n F∂n-h-bptSbpw P∑w e`n-°p∂p
4. DØ-a-amb Xtam-Kp-W-°m¿°v kvXpXn-]mT-I-cp-tSbpw at\m-l-c-]-£n-I-fp-tSbpw kzkpJ-Øn-\mbn Bfl-{]-iwk sNøp-∂-Uw-`-cp-tSbpw, -knw-lIcmb cm£-k-∑m-cp-tSbpw, aZy-]m\n- I ƒ Zpcm- N m- c nIƒ amen\y hmkn- I ƒ,
ss]im-Nn-I-hr-Øn-°m¿ apX-em-b-h-cp-tSbpw
P∑-ßsf {]m]n-°p-∂p.
5. A[-a-am-b- ctPmKpW-°m¿°v Bcm-®m-c∑m¿, Ip¥m-en-°n-f-Im¿, h©n°m¿, RmWnt∑ƒ IqØm-Sn-Iƒ, Imh¬°m¿, aZy-]¿ apXemb P∑-ßƒ e`n-°p-∂p,-A-[-a-amb ctPm-KpW-^-e-am-Wn-h
6. a≤y-a-amb ctPm-Kp-W-ap-≈-h¿ cmPm°≥am- c p- t Sbpw £{Xn- b - ] p- t cm- l n- X - ∑ m- c psSbpw, hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-Øn¬ hnZ--Kv≤cp-tSbpw,
ZqX≥am-cp-sSbpw, h°oe∑m-cp-tS-bpw, tk\m-hn`m- K - Ø ns‚ A≤y- £ - ∑ m- c p- t Sbpw P∑sØ
{]m]n-°p-∂p.
7. DØ-a-amb ctPm-Kp-W-ap-f-f-h¿ K‘¿hcpsS (Kmb-I-cp-sS)bpw hmZy-ta-f-°m-cp-tSbpw
b£-∑m-cpsS (]W-°m-cp-sS)bpw hnZzm-∑m-cpsS
`rXy-cp-tSbpw A]vk-c- p-I-fp-tSbpw ˛ AXn
kuµ-cy-ap-ff kv{XoI-fp-tS-bpw-˛-P-∑-sØ- {]m-]n°p-∂p.
8. X]-kzn-Iƒ, bXn-Iƒ, k\ym-kn-am¿, thZ]m-Tn-Iƒ, ssham-\n-I¿, tPmXnxim-kv{X-⁄-
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
∑m¿, ssZXy-∑m¿-˛-tZ-l-t]m-j-I¿˛F-∂n-h-cpsS
P∑w e`n-°p-∂Xv A[-a-amb kXz-Kp-W-Øns‚
ê-am-sW∂v {Kln-°p-I.
9. a≤y-aa
- mb kXz-Kp-Wa
- p-ff
- h
- ¿ bm⁄n-I¿,
thZm¿Y-a-dn-bp∂ hnZzm-∑m¿, thZw, sshZyp-Xn,
Imew, F∂n-h-tb-∏-‰n-bp-ff hnZy-Iƒ A`y-kn®n-´p-f-f-h-cp-tSbpw c£-I-∑m-cp-tSbpw ⁄m\nI-fp-tSbpw km≤y-∑-cp-tSbpw ˛ Imcy-kn-≤n°v
tkhn-t°≠ Kpcp P\-ß-fp-sSbpw ˛ P∑sØ
{]m]n-°p-∂p.
10. DØ-a-amb kXz-Kp-W-ap-f-f-hcpw DØ-aI¿a- ß ƒ A\p- j v T n- ° p- ∂ hcpw {_“m ˛
AYhm k¿h- t h- Z - t h- Ø m- ° ƒ ˛ Bbpw
"hnizkrPm' AYhm ˛ kIe krjvSn-hn-Zy-Itfbpw {Kln®v hnam\w apX-emb hnhn-[-bm-\ßsf \n¿an- ° p- ∂ - h - c mbpw [m¿an- I - c mbpw
henb _p≤n-am-∑m-cmbpw {]Ir-Xn-tb-t∏mepw
kzm[o-\s
- ∏-Sp-Ønb kn≤-∑m-cmbpw P\n-°p-∂p.
11. C{µn-b-ßƒ°v hwi-h-Z-cm-bn, hnj-b-kpJm-k-‡-cmbn [¿asØ XyPn-®v, A[¿a-am-Ncn-°p∂ Adn-hn-√m-Ø-h¿ a\p-jy-cn¬ \oNhpw
ZpxJ-a-b-hp-amb P∑sØ {]m]n-°p-∂p.
Cßs\ kXz-cP
- k
- vXt- am-Kp-Wß
- f
- psS {]hrØn-bm¬ Poh≥ A\p-jvTn-°p∂ I¿a-ß-f-\pk-cn-®p-ff ê-ß-sf-Øs∂ A\p-`-hn-°p-∂p.
NnØ-hrØn \ntcm[w
apap-£p-°-fm-I-s´. KpWm-Xo-X-∑m-cm-bn´v ˛
AXm-bXv KpW-ß-fpsS kz`m-h-Øn¬ s]SmsX
˛ alm tbmKn-I-fm-bn, tam£ km[-\-Iƒ A\pjvTn-°-Ww. Fs¥-∂m¬˛
1. tbmK-›nØ hrØn \ntcm[x
(tbm. Z. 1. 2)
2. XZm {ZjvSpx kzcq-t]f-h-ÿm-\-av. (Sn 1. 3)
]mX-⁄e tbmK-Z¿i\ kq{X-ß-fm-Wn-h.
1. cP-kv, Xa-kv, F∂o KpW-ß-fp-ff I¿aß-fn¬ \n∂p am{X-a-√, ip≤-amb kXz-Kp-WtØm-Sp-Iq-Snb I¿a-ß-fn¬ \n∂pt]mepw a\ ns\ \ntcm-[n®v kXz-Kp-W-Øn¬ {]Xn-jvTn®v , ]c- a m- fl m- h nepw [¿am- \ p- j v T m- \ - Ø nepw
GIm-{K-X-tbm-Sp-IqSn Dd-∏n®p \n¿Øn, NnØhr-Øn-Isf kIe hnj-b-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw a\pjy≥ XSpØp \n¿Ø-Ww.
2. NnØw GIm-{Khpw \ncp-≤hpw BIp-
193
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
BNm-c-m-\m-Nm-c-ßƒ ˛ `£yw ˛ A`£yw
tºmƒ Pohm-flmhv k¿h-{Z-jvSm-hmb Cuizcs‚ kzcq-]-Øn¬ ÿnXnsNøp-∂p. ap‡nbv°mbn C∆n-[-km-[-\-Iƒ sNøpI am{X-a√;
AY {Xnhn[ ZpxJm-Xy-¥-\n-hr-Øn-c-Xy-¥]p-cp-jmcvYx (kmwJyw 1. 1)
CXp kmwJy Z¿i-\-Ønse kq{X-am-Wv.
B[ym-flnIw icoc kw_-‘n-bmb ZpxJw)
B[n-ù-XnIw (A-\y-Po-hn-I-fn¬ \n∂p-≠mIp∂ ZpxJw) B[n ssZhnIw (A-Xn-hr-jvSn,
A\m-hr-jvSn, ioXm-[n-Iyw, a\- n-s‚bpw C{µnb-ß-fp-sSbpw N©-eX F∂n-h-bn¬ \n∂p-fhm-Ip∂ ZpxJw) Cßns\ aq∂p hn[-Øn-ep-ff
ZpxJ-ßsf AI-‰n-°-f™v tam£w kºm-Zn-°pI-bmWv ]c-a-amb ]pcp-jm¿∞w.
CXnt\ XpS¿∂v BNm-c-ßƒ, A\m-Nm-cßƒ, `£y-ßƒ, A`-£y-ßƒ F∂o hnj-bß-sf-∏‰n Fgp-Xmw.
{ioa-±-bm-\-µ-k-c-kzXo kzman-Iƒ
cNn® kXym¿Y-{]-Im-i-Ønse
hnZym AhnZym _‘ tam£ hnj-b-ßsf
{]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂
HºXmw kap-√mkw Ign-™p.
194
]Ømw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
10
]Ømw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Imiw
BNm-cm\m-Nm-cßƒ, `£ym`£yw
AY BNm-cm\m-Nm-cßƒ, `£ym`£y hnjbw {]h£ymax
C\n BNm-c-ßƒ, A\m-Nm-cßƒ, `£yw, A`£yw F∂o
hnj-b-ß-sf-∏‰n hymJym-\n°mw
[¿am-\p-kr-X-ß-fmb I¿a-ß-fpsS BN-cWw, kuio-eyw, k’w-Kw, kZzn-Zy-Isf {Kln°p-∂-Xn-ep-ff A`n-cpNn apX-em-bh BNm-cßfpw Chbv°p hn]-co-X-am-bh A\m-Nm-c-ßfp-am-Wv. C\n Ch-tb-∏‰n {]Xn-]m-Zn-°mw.
1. hnZzZv`nx tkhnXx kZv`ncv\n-Xy-a-tZz-jcm-Kn`nx, lrZ-tb-\m-`y-\p-⁄mtXm tbm [¿akvX-∂n-t_m-[X
2. Imam-flXm \ {]ikvXm \ ssNth-lmkvXy-Im-aXm Imtaym ln thZm-[n-Kax Icvatbm-K› sshZnIx
3. k¶-ev]-aqex Imtam ssh b⁄m-k-¶ev]-kw-`hmx, {hXm-\n -ba [cvam› kcvth
k¶-ev]Pmx kvarXmx.
4. AIm-aky {Inbm ImNnZv ZriytX t\l
Icvln-NnXv, bZy-≤n-Ip-cptX InwNnXv XØXvIm-aky tNjvSn-X-av.
5. thtZmf-Jntem [cva-aqew kvarXn-iote
N XZzn-Zm-av, BNm-c-ss›h km[q-\m-am-fl-\kvXp-jvSn-tc-hN
6. kcvh¥
- p-ka
- t- h-t£yZw \nJnew ⁄m\N- £ pjm, {ipXn- { ]m- a m- W ytXm hnZzm≥
kz[cvta \nhn-ti-Xssh
7. {ipXn-kvar-Xyp-ZnXw [cvaa
- \
- pXnjvT≥ ln
am\hx, Cl Io¿Ønahm-]vt\mXn t{]Xy-Nm\p-Øaw kpJav
8. {ipXnkvXp thtZm-hn-t⁄tbm [cvaimkv{Xw Xpssh-kvarXnx, tXkcvhmcvtYjz
aoamwtky Xm`ymw [cvtam-ln-\ncv_-ù.
9. tbmfha-t\yX tX apte tlXp-im-kv{Xm{i-bmZv ZznPx, k km[p-`ncv_-ln-jvImtcym
\mkvXntIm thZ-\n-µIx
10. thZx kvarXnx kZm-Nmcx kzkyN {]nbam-fl\x, GX-®-Xp¿hn[w {]mlpx km£m≤cvaky e£-W-av.
11. AcvY-Im-ta-jz-k-‡m-\mw-[¿a-⁄m\w
hn[o-btX, [cva Pn⁄m-ka
- m-\m\mw {]amWw
]caw {ipXnx
12. sshZnssIx Icva`nx ]qssWycv \ntjIm-Zn¿ ZznP-∑-\m-av. Imcyw ico-c-kw-kvImcx
]mh\ t{]Xy-tN-lN.x
13. tIim¥xtjmU- t i- h ¿tj {_m“Wky hn[o-btX, cmP-\y-_-t‘mcvZzm-hnwti
sshiy-ky-Zvhy-[n-tI-XXx
(a\p 2 ˛ 1 ˛ 4, 6 8, 10, 11 ˛ 13, 26, 65) 1
1. cmK-tZz-j-ß-fn-√mØ hnZz-÷-\-ßƒ GXn1. CXnse 8˛mw t«mIw aqe-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ hn´p-t]m-bn. KZyØn¬ A¿Y-ap-≈-Xn-\m¬ ChnsS tN¿Ø-Xm-Wv.
195
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
s\-bmtWm \nXyhpw tkh\w sNøp-∂-Xv,
lrZbw AYhm Bflmhv bYm¿Y I¿Ø-hyambn Adn-bp-∂-tX-tXm, AXn-s\-bmWv [¿aambn KWn-t°-≠Xpw BN-cn-t°-≠-Xpw. C°mcy-Øn¬ a\p-jy≥ kZm {i≤-h-bv°-Ww.
2. Cu temI-Øn¬ AXy-¥-amb Imahpw
\njvIm-ahpw t{ijvTa
- √
- . Fs¥-∂m¬, thZm¿Y⁄m-\{- ]m-]vXnbpw thZ-hn-ln-Xß
- f
- mb I¿a-ßfpsS A\p-jvTm-\hpw ImaØm-emWv (C-—-bmem-Wv) \S-°p-∂-Xv.
3. ""Rm≥ C—m-c-ln-X-\pw, Ima-c-ln-X\pw
BsWt∂m BI-W-sat∂m Bcp-]-d-™mepw
AXp kXy-ta-bm-hn-√. F√m Ima-ßf
- pw, b⁄ßƒ kXy-`m-jWw XpS-ßnb {hX-ß-fpw, baw
\nbaw apX-emb [¿a-ßfpw k¶ev∏-Øn¬
\n∂mWv D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv.
4. Fs¥-∂m¬, ssIIm-ep-Iƒ, IÆp-Iƒ,
a\ v apX-em-b-h-bpsS Ne-\-{In-b-Ifpw C—
sIm≠mWv \S-°p-∂-Xv. C—-bn-s√-¶n¬ IÆ-Sbv°p-hm\pw Xpd-°p-hm\pw Ign-bp-∂-X-√.
5. AXn-\m¬, kºq¿Æ thZ-ßƒ, a\p-kvarXn, Ejn-{]-Wo-X-ß-fmb imkv{X-ßƒ, k÷\-ß-fpsS BNmcw F∂n-h-bv°-\p-Iq-ehpw
Bflm-hn\p {]k-∂-X-bp-f-hm-°p-∂-Xpw, `bw,
i¶,e÷ F∂n-hbv°p Imc-W-am-Im-ØXpw
Bb I¿a-ßƒ A\p-jvTn-°p-∂-XmWv DNn-Xw.
I≈w ]d-bmt\m tamjvSn-°p-hmt\m Hcp-h\v
tXm∂n-bm¬ H∏w, `bw, i¶, e÷ F∂n-hbpw
Xo¿®-bmbpw Ahs‚ D≈n¬ D≠m-Ip-∂p. AXn\m¬ AØcw {]h¿ØnIƒ sNøp- h m≥
sIm≈p-I-bn-√.
6. F√m imkv{X-ß-tf-bpw, thZ-ß-tf-bpw,
k÷- \ - ß - f psS BNm- c - ß - t f- b pw, kz¥w
Bflm-hns‚ B\p-Iq-ey-tØbpw ]‰n \∂mbn
Nn¥n®v ⁄m\-°-Æp-sIm≠v I≠--dn™v thZm\p-Iq-ehpw kzmflm-\p-Iq-ehpw Bb [¿a-Øn¬
{]th-in-°-Ww.
7. Fs¥-∂m¬, thZ-hn-ln-X-hpw, thZ-hn-cp≤-hp-a-√mØ kvarXn-I-fn¬ ]d-™n-´p-f-fhbpamb [¿a-ß-f-\p-jvTn-°p∂ a\p-jy≥ Cl-temI- Ø n¬ Io¿Øn- t bbpw ac- W m- \ - ¥ cw
DXvIrjvS kuJy-tØbpw {]m]n-°p-∂p.
8. thZ-ßsf {ipXn F∂pw [¿a-im-kv{Xßsf kv a rXn F∂pw ]d- b p- ∂ p. Ch- b n¬
\n∂mWv I¿ØhymI¿Ø- h y- ß - s f- s b√mw
\n¿Æ-bn-t°-≠-Xv.
9. thZ-ß-tfbpw thZm-\p-Iq-e-amb B]vX{K- Ÿ - ß - t fbpw A]- a m- \ n- ° p∂ a\p- j ys\
k÷-\-ßƒ kaq-l-{`-jvS-\m-°-Ww, Fs¥∂m¬, thZ-\n-µ-I\mWv \mkvXn-I≥.
10. AXn-\m¬ thZ-ßƒ, kvarXn-Iƒ, k÷\- ß - f psS BNm- c w, kz¥w Bflm- h ns‚
⁄m\-Øn\p hncp-≤-a-√mØ {]hrØn Ch
\mepw [¿a-Øns‚ e£-W-ß-fm-Wv. AYhm
Ch-bmWv [¿a-Øn-te-°p-ff hgn-Im-ń-Iƒ.
11. F∂m¬ [\-tem-`w, hnj-bk
- p-Jm-`n-emjw
F∂n-hbv°v ASn-a-s∏-Sm-Ø-bm-fn\p am{Xta
[¿a- s a- s ¥∂ ⁄m\w D≠m- h p- I - b p- ≈ q.
[¿asØ Adn-bp-hm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂h
- ¿°v ]ca-amb {]amWw thZw Xs∂-bm-Wv.
12. AXn-\m¬, {_m“-W-˛-£-{Xn-b-˛-ssh-iy∑m¿ kzk- ¥ m- \ - ß ƒ°v thZ- h n- l n- X - a mb
]pWy-I¿a-ß-fm¬ \ntj-ImZn 2 kwkv°m-cßƒ sNø-Ww. CuP-∑-Ønepw ]c-P-∑-Ønepw
Ah ]hn-{X-am-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
13. {_m“-W\p ]Xn-\m-dm-asØ hb- n-epw,
£{Xn-b\p Ccp-]-Øn-c-≠m-asØ hb- nepw
tIim-¥-I¿aw-˛-£u-chpw apWvU-\hpw˛\S-ØWw. Cu {Inb Ign-™m¬ ]n∂oSp inJ am{Xw
\n¿Øn _m°n Xe-ap-Snbpw XmSnbpw aoibpw
F√m-bvt∏mgpw £ucw sNbvXv If-b-Ww. Hcn°epw hf-¿Ø-cp-Xv, F∂¿∞w. XWp∏v A[nI-ap-ff cmPy-ß-fn¬ apSn hf¿Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
AXyp-jvW-ap-ff cmPy-ß-fn¬ apSn apgp-h-\pw,
IpSp-Ωt- bm-Sp-Iq-Sn, tOZn®p If-bW
- w. inc- n¬
apSn D≠m-bn-cp-∂m¬ DjvWw h¿≤n-°pw. AXp\n- a nØw _p≤n- i ‡n Ipd- b pw. XmSnbpw
aoibpw 3 hf¿Øn-bm¬ \∂mbn `£-W-]m\o-bß
- ƒ Ign-°p-hm≥ km[n-°p-Ib
- n-√. F®n¬
tcma- ß ƒ°n- S - b n¬ Xßn \n¬°p- I bpw
sNøpw.
1 C{µn-bmWmw hnN-cXmw hnj-tb-jz-]-lmcnjp, kwbta bXv\-am-Xn-jvtT-Zzn-Zzm≥ bt¥h-hm-Pn-\m-av.
2 Cµn-bmWmw {]kw-tK\ tZmj-ar-—X
- y-kw2. tjmUi kwkv°m-c-ßƒ
3. Nc-I-kw-ln-X8.19 A\p-k-cn®v Hcp ]£-Øn¬ aq∂p
XhW tIi-ao-i-Iƒ £ucw sNø-Ww.
196
]Ømw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
i-bav, k∂n-bay Xp Xmt\yh XXx kn≤nw
\nb-—-Xn.
3 \ PmXp Imax Imam-\m-ap-]-t`m-tK\
imayXn, lhnjm IrjvW-hcvtflh `qb
Ghm-`n-hcv[-tX.
4 thZm-kvXymK› b⁄m› \nb-am›
X]mwkn N \ hn{]-Zp-jvS-`m-hky kn≤nw
K—¥n Icvln-Nn-Xv.
5 hti IrtXz-{µn-b-{Kmaw kwb-ayN a\kvXYm, kcvhm≥ kwkm-[-tb-ZcvYm-\-£nWz≥ tbmK XkvX-\p-av.
6 {ipXzm kv]rjvSzmN ZrjvSzmN `p‡zm{LmXzm N tbm \cx, \ lrjyXn KvfmbXn
hm k hnt⁄tbm PntX-{µnbx.
7 \m]rjvSx Iky-NnZv {_qbm∂ Nm\ymtb\ ]r—Xx Pm\-∂]n ln ta[mho, PU-ht√mI BN-tc-Xv.
8 hnØw _‘pcvhbx Icva hnZym `hXn
]©ao, GXm\n am\y-ÿm-\m\n Kcotbm
bZy-Zp-Ø-cv.
9 At⁄m `hXn ssh _mex ]nXm `hXn
a{¥Zx, A⁄w ln _me-an-Xymlpx ]ntXtXyh Xp a{¥-Z-av.
10 \ lmb-ss\cv\ ]en-ssXcv\ hntØ\
\ _‘p`nx Ej-b-›-{In-tc-[¿aw tbm\qNm\x k t\m alm≥.
11 hn{]mWmw ⁄m\tXm ssPyjv T yw
£{Xn- b mWmw Xp hocyXx sshiym\mw
[m\y-[-\Xx iq{Zm-Wm-tah P∑-Xx.
12 \ tX\ hrt≤m `hXn tb\mky ]enXw
incx tbm ssh bphm-]y-[o-bm-\kvXw tZhmx
ÿhncw hnZpx.
13 bYm-Im-jvT-atbm lkvXo bYm Ncvaatbm arKx b›-hn-t{]m-f\-[o-bm-\{- kbkvtX
\ma _n{`q-Xn.
14 Alnw- k - s sbh `qXm\mw Imcyw
t{itbm- f\p- i m- k - \ av , hmIv s sNh a[p- c mivf£vWm {]tbm-Pym-[cva-an-—-Xm. 4
1. a\- ns\ tamln-∏n®v BI¿jn®v hnj-bß-fn-te°p NnØsØ t{]cn-∏n-°p∂ C{µn-b4. a\p-kvarXn A[ymbw 2. t«mI-ßƒ 88, 93, 94, 97, 98,
100, 110, 136, 153-˛157, 159
ßsf AS- ° p- h m≥ {]b- X v \ n- ° p- ∂ - X v , a\pjys‚ apJy-amb I¿Ø-hy-am-Ip-∂p. tXcmfn
IpXn-c-Isf ISn-™m¨ sIm≠v \nb-{¥n®v
t\¿h-gn°v \S-Øp-∂X
- p-t]mse a\p-jy≥ C{µnb-ßsf \nb-{¥n®v A[¿a-Øn¬ \n∂v AI‰n
[¿a-am¿K-Øn¬ {]h¿Øn-∏n-°-Ww.
2. Fs¥-∂m¬, C{µn-b-ßsf hnj-bm-k-‡ß-fm°n A[¿a-Øn¬ {]h¿Øn-∏n-®m¬, a\pjy≥ \n›-b-ambpw tZmjsØ {]m]n-°p-∂p.
Ahsb Pbn®v [¿a-am¿K-Øn-em-°p-tºmƒ
AòjvSw kn≤n-°p-∂p.
3. A·n-bn¬ C‘-\hpw s\øpw hogvØnbm¬ A·n \n›-b-ambpw h¿≤n-°pw. AXpt]mse Ima-ß-fpsS D]-t`m-K-Øm¬ Hcn-°epw
Imaw ian-°p-Ib
- n-√. h¿≤n-°p-Itb Df-fq. AXn\m¬ a\p-jy≥ Hcn-°epw hnj-bm-k-‡-\m-Icp-Xv.
4. APn- t X- { µn- b - \ mb ]pcp- j s\ "hn{]ZpjvS's\∂p ]d-bp-∂p. Ahs‚ thZ-⁄m-\hpw, XymK-hpw, A\pjvTn-°p-∂ b⁄-ßƒ
[¿a I¿a-ßƒ F∂n-hbpw k^-e-am-hp-I-bn-√.
[m¿an-I\pw PntX-{µn-b\
- p-am-sW-¶nte Ch ê{]-Z-am-Iq.
5. AXn-\m¬ A©p I¿ta-{µn-b-ß-tfbpw
A©p ⁄mt\-{µn-b-ß-tfbpw ]Xn-s\m-∂m-atØ-Xmb a\- n-t\bpw kzbw hi-s∏-SpØn
tbmKy-ß-fmb Blm-c-hn-lm-c-ßƒ tbmKm`ymkw F∂n- h - b m¬ ico- c sØ c£n®v
k¿hm¿Y-kn-≤n-h-cp-Ø-Ww.
6. kvXpXn-\n-µ-Iƒ tIƒ°p-tºmƒ kt¥mjhpw k¥m- ] - h pw, \√Xp kv ] ¿in- ® m¬
kpJhpw, Zpjv S kv ] ¿iØm¬ ZpxJ- h pw,
kuµcyw ImWp-tºmƒ {]km-Zhpw sshcq]yw
ImWp-tºmƒ hnjm-Zhpw \√Xpw NoØ-bp-amb
Blmcw `£n-°p-tºmƒ kpJm-kp-J-ß-fpw,
kpK-‘-Øn¬ A`n-cp-Nnbpw Zp¿K-‘-Øn¬
Acp-Nnbpw D≠m-Im-Ø-bm-fns\ PntX-{µn-bs\∂p ]dbp-∂p.
7. tNmZn- ° m- Ø - h - t \m- S pw, A\ym- b - a mbn
tNmZn-°p-∂-h-t\mSpw adp-]Sn ]d-b-cp-Xv. _p≤nam≥, Ah-cpsS ap≥]n¬ PU-k-am\w s]cp-amd- W w. I]- S - a n- √ m- Ø - h ¿°pw Pn⁄m- k p°ƒ°pw tNmZn-°m-sX-X-s∂, D]-tZiw \evIWw.
197
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
8. [\w, _‘p-P\
- ß
- ƒ, hb-kv, t{ijvTa
- mb
I¿aw, DØ-a-amb hnZy Ch A©pw am\y-XbpsS ÿm\-ßf
- m-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬ Ch-bn¬ [\tØ-°mƒ DØaw _\v-[p-hpw, _‘p-hn-t\°mƒ hbpw, hb- n-t\-°mƒ kXvI¿a-hpw,
I¿a-tØ-°mƒ ]hn-{X-amb hnZy-bp-f-f-bmfpw
H∂n-s\m∂v A[nIw _lp-am-\sØ A¿ln-°p∂p.
9. \qdp hb- p-≠m-bmepw hnZym-`ym-ktam
hn⁄m\tam C√m- Ø - h ≥ "_me'\mWv .
F∂m¬ hnZybpw hn⁄m- \ hpw \ev I p∂
_mes\ hr≤-\mbn KWn-°-Ww. Fs¥-∂m¬,
kIe imkv{X-ßfpw B]vX-∑m-cmb hnZzm∑mcpw A⁄m- \ nsb "_me's\∂pw,
⁄m\nsb "]nXm'sh∂pw ]d-bp-∂p.
10. hb- m-b-Xp-sIm-t≠m, apSn \c-®p-sh-fpØ-Xp-sIm-t≠m, henb [\-hm-\m-b-Xp-sImt≠m, Db¿∂ Xd-hm-ń¬ P\n-®-Xp-sImt≠m
Hcp- h ≥ alm- \ m- I p- ∂ n- √ . ]Tn- ∏ p- s Im≠pw
⁄m\w sIm≠pw \ΩpsS CS-bn¬ hen-b-h\mtcm Ah-\t{X alm-]p-cp-j≥ F∂mWp
alm-flm-°-fmb al¿jn-am-cpsS \n›-bw.
11. {_m“-W≥ ⁄m\w sIm≠pw, £{Xnb≥ _ew sIm≠pw, sshiy≥ [\-[m-\y-ßtf-s°m-≠pw, iq{Z≥ Zo¿Lm-bp- p-sIm≠pw
hm¿≤-IysØ {]m]n-bv°p-∂p.
12. Xe-apSn shfp-Ø-Xp-sIm≠p am{Xw Hcph≥ hr≤-\m-Ip-∂n-√. sNdp-∏-°m-c-\m-bmepw
Adn-hp-f-f-bm-fn-s\-bmWv hnZzm-∑m¿ hr≤-sc∂p
]d-bp-∂-Xv.
13. hnZym-`ymkw sNbvXn-ń-√m-Ø-h≥ acw
sIm≠p-≠m-°nb B\-sb-t∏m-sebpw tXmepsIm- ≠ p- ≠ m- ° nb am\n- s \- t ∏m- s ebpw Cu
temI-Øn¬ a\p-jy-\m-sW∂p \ma-am-{X-ambn
]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
14. AXn-\m¬ hnZym-`ymkw sNbvXv, hnZzm\pw
[¿am- fl m- h p- a mbn tZzjw IqSmsX kIe
PohnIƒ°pw k∑m¿Kw D]- t Z- i n- ° - W w.
Aßns\ D]-tZiw \¬Ip-tºmƒ arZphpw a[qc-hp-amb `mj {]tbm-Kn-°-Ww. kXyw D]-tZin®v [¿asØ h¿≤n-∏n-°p-Ibpw A[¿asØ
\in-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿ [\y-c-t{X.
Znh-khpw Ipfn-°p-Ibpw hkv{Xw, hmk-ÿew, A∂-]m-\o-b-ßƒ F∂n-h-sb√mw ipNn-
bmbn kq£n-°p-Ibpw thWw. hrØn-bm-bn-cp∂m¬ NnØ-ip-≤n, BtcmKyw F∂nh D≠mhp-Ibpw Aßs\ ]pcp-jm¿Yw h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw
sNøpw. Zp¿K‘w Xo¿Øpw amdp-∂Xp hscbmWv iuNw sNtø-≠-Xv.
BNmcx {]Ytam [cv a x {ipXyp‡x
kvamcvØ Gh-N. (a-\p. 1. 108.)
kXyw ]d-bpI XpS-ßnb I¿a-ßf
- psS A\pjvTm-\-amWv thZ-Ønepw kvarXn-bnepw hn[n-®n´p-ff "BNmcw'.
am t\m h[ox ]nXcw tamX amX-cav (bPq
16.15)
BNmcyD-]-\-b-amt\m {_“-Nm-cnW
an—-tX. (A-Y¿hw 11.15)
amXr- t Zthm `h; ]nXr- t Zthm `h;
BNmcytZthm `h; AXnYn tZthm `h.
ssXØ-co-bm-c-Wy-Iw. {]. 7. A\p. 11)
amXm- ] n- X m- ° - ∑ m¿, BNmcy≥, AXnYn
F∂n-h-cpsS Bcm-[-\-bmWv tZh-]q-P. temIØn-\p-]-Im-c-ap-≠m-Ip∂ {]hr-Øn-Iƒ F√mw
sNø-Ww. lm\n-Ic
- a
- m-bh XyPn-°W
- w. CXmWv
a\p-jy≥ apJy-ambn sNtø-≠-Xv. \mkvXn-I-cpw,
eº-S-cpw, hnizmk--Lm-X-Icpw, anYym-hm-Zn-I-fpw,
kzm¿Yn-I-fpw, I]-S-cpw, NXn-bcpw Bb ZpjvSP-\-ß-tfmSv Hcn-°epw kwk¿§w sNø-cp-Xv.
B]vX-cmb kXy-hm-Zn-Ifpw [¿Ω-X-ev∏-ccpw,
]tcm-]-Im-tc-—p-°-fp-am-b-h-tcmSv kl-h-kn-°p∂-Xn-t\-bmWv t{ijvTmNmcsa∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
tNmZyw:-˛ Bcym-hcvØ-hm-kn-Iƒ Bcyh¿Ø-Øn\p ]pd-ta-bp≈ tZi-ß-fn-te°p
t]mbm¬ AXp-sIm≠v Ah-cpsS BNmcw
\in-°ptam C√tbm?
DØcw:˛ \in- ° p- I - b n- √ . Fs¥- ∂ m¬,
_mly-ambpw B`y-¥-c-am-bp-ap≈ ]cn-ip≤n
t\Sp-I, kXyw ]d-bpI Ch-sb√mw Fhn-sS-bmbmepw BNmcw Xs∂-bm-Wv. Chsb A\p-jvTn°p-∂-bmƒ BNm-c-Øn¬ \nt∂m [¿a-Øn¬
\nt∂m {`jvS-\m-hp-I-bn-√. ]Icw Bcym-h¿ØØn¬ Xs∂ hkn- ° bpw Zpcm- N m- c - ß ƒ
{]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ Ah≥ [¿a-{`jvS\pw BNm-c-{`-jvS-\p-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.
tZim-¥c bm{Xbv°p sXfn-hp-Iƒ
198
]Ømw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬ t\m°pI:˛ tatcmcvltc› tZz hcvtj hcvjw ssla-hXw XXx
{Ita-ssWh hyXn-{Iay `mcXw hcvj-am-k-ZXv. k tZim≥ hnhn-[m≥ ]iy-›o-\-lqW
5
\ntj-hn-Xm≥.
alm-`m-c-Xw, im¥n-]¿hw,
tam£-[¿Ω-Øn¬, hymkip-IkwhmZ-Øn-teXmWv Cu t«mI-ßƒ. Hcn-°¬ hymk≥ Xs‚
]p{X-\mb ipI-t\mSpw injy-∑m-tcmSpw IqSn
C°m-eØv Ata-cn° F∂p ]d-bp∂ ]mXm-fØn¬ ]m¿Øn-cp∂p. Hcp Znhkw ipI≥ ]nXmhn-t\mSv ""Bfl-hnZy C{X-am-{X-amtWm? AtXm
CXn-e-[nIw h√Xpw Dt≠m?'' F∂p tNmZn-®p.
hymk-a-l¿jn Adn-™p-sIm≠v an≠m-Xn-cp-∂p.
At±lw t\ctØ Xs∂ B hnjbw D]t-Zin®p Ign-™-Xm-Wv. as‰m-cm-fns‚ km£yØn\p am{X-ambn At±lw C{]-Imcw ]d™p:˛
""aIt\ \o anYn-em-]p-cn-bn¬ sN∂p P\-I-a-lmcm- P m- h n- t \mSp Cu tNmZyw tNmZn- ° p- I .
At±lw bYm- t bmKyw DØcw ]d- b pw.''
A—s‚ hm°p tI´v, {ioip-I≥ ]mXm-f-Øn¬
\n∂p anYn-em-]p-cn-bn-te°p ]pd-s∏´p ]pcm-X\-Im-eØp tacp-hns‚ ˛A-Xm-bXp lnam-e-bØns‚ hS-°p-In-g-°v, hS-°v, hS-°p-]-Sn-™mdv
F∂o Zn°p-I-fn-ep≈ tZi-ßƒ°p lcn-h¿jw
F∂p ]d-™n-cp-∂p. lcn°v hm\-c≥ F∂¿Yw.
B \mSp-I-fn-ep≈ a\p-jy¿ Ct∏mgpw Ipc-ß∑m-tc-t∏mse c‡-ap-Jcpw shfpØ IÆp-≈h-cp-am-Wv. Ct∏mƒ bqtdm∏v F∂p ]d-bp∂ B
tZi-ßƒ°p kwkvIr-X-`m-j-bn¬ lcn-h¿jw
F∂p ]d-™p-t]m-∂p. B {]tZ-iß
- fpw blqZn
F∂p ]d-bp∂ lqW-tZ-iß
- t- fbpw kµ¿in®p
sIm≠v No\-tZ-i-Øn¬ hs∂-Øn. AhnsS
\n∂v lnam-e-b-Øn-te°pw lnam-e-b-Øn¬
\n∂p anYn-em-]p-cn-bn-te°pw t]mbn. CXn\pw
]pdta {ioIr-jvW\pw A¿Pp-\\pw ""AizXcn''bn¬ AYhm Xo°-∏-en¬ Ibdn ]mXm-fØn¬ sN∂v D±m-e-I-a-l¿jnsb bp[njvTnc
alm-cm-Pm-hns‚ bmK-Øn-\mbn Iqń-s°m≠p
h∂p. [rX- c m- j v { S¿ hnhmlw sNbv X Xp
I‘m¿ F∂p Ct∏mƒ ]d-bp∂ Km‘m-c-tZ-iØnse cmP-Ip-am-cntb-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]mWvUp
alm-cm-Pm-hns‚ ]Xv\n-bmb am{Zn Cdm≥ cmPmhns‚ ]p{Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. A¿÷p-\≥ hnhmlw
sNbvXXv Ata-cn° F∂ ]mXm-f-Ønse cmP-
Ip-am-cn-bmb Deq-]nsb Bbn-cp-∂p. tZim-¥-c˛-Zzo-]m-¥c bm{X-Iƒ ]≠p-≈-h¿ sNbvXn-cp∂n-s√-¶n¬ CsX√mw kw`-hn-°p-∂-sX-ßs\?
IS-en¬ k©-cn-°p∂ I∏-ep-Iƒ°p Icw NpaØp-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n a\p-kvar-Xn-bn¬ 6 Fgp-Xn-bn´p-≈Xpw Bcym-h¿Ø-Øn¬ \n∂v A\y-Zzo-]pI-fn-te°p P\ßƒ k©-cn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-∂-Xn\v
\s√mcp sXfn-hm-Wv. IqSm-sX, bp[n-jvTnc almcm- P mhp \S- Ø nb cmP- k q- b- bm- K - Øn- t e°v
`qtem-I-Øn-ep≈ kIe cmPm-°-∑m-scbpw
£Wn-°p-hm≥ òa≥, A¿Pp-\≥, \Ip-e≥,
kl-tZ-h≥ F∂n-h¿ \mep Zn°p-I-fn-te°p
t]mbn. \njn-≤-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Ah¿ t]mhpI-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Bcym-h¿Ø-hm-kn-Iƒ I®-hS-Øn-\pw, cmPy-Im-cy-ßƒ°p-th-≠n-bpw, tZik-©m-c-Øn\pw `qan-bn-seßpw bm{X sNøp∂
]Xn-hp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
C°m-esØ Abn-Øhpw Xo≠epw ip≤w
amdp-∂-Xn-ep≈ `bhpw aqV-∑m-cpsS h©-\bpw
A⁄m-\hpw h¿≤n-®Xn\m¬ D≠m-bn-´p-≈-XmWv. tZim-¥-c-˛-Zzo-]m-¥c bm{X-sN-øp∂ a\pjy¿ hnhn[ P\-ß-fpsS kwk¿K-Øn-eq-sS,
Ah-cpsS coXn-Ifpw k{º-Zm-b-ßfpw I≠p-]Tn®v Ahsb Xß-fpsS cmPy-Øn¬ ]I¿Øn
\n¿`-b-∑mcpw iqc-∑mcpw Bbn-Øo-cp-∂p. ZpcmNm- c - ß sf Zqsc XyPn®v kZm- N m- c- ß sf
]I¿Øn sFiz-cysØ {]m]n-°p-∂p. alm-{`jvS-Ifpw tæ—-Ip-e-Pm-X-I-fp-amb thiy-I-fpsSbpw a‰pw kam-Kaw sIm≠v a\p-jy¿ BNmc- { `jv S ∑mtcm [¿a- { `- j v S - ∑ mtcm BIp- ∂ ns√∂pw tZim-¥-c-ß-fn-ep≈ k÷-\-ß-tfmSp
kl-h-kn-®m¬ Aip-≤nbpw tZmjhpw hcpsa∂pw Icp-Xp-∂Xv aqV-X-bs-√-¶n¬ ]ns∂¥mWv? aZy-]m-\w, amwk-`-£Ww F∂n-h-bp≈
a\p- j y- c psS ico- c hpw hocym- Z n- [ m- X p- ° fpw
Zp¿K‘w sIm≠pw a‰pw Zpjn-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-XpsIm≠v Ah-tcm-Sp-IqSn kwk¿Kw sNøp∂
Bcy-∑m¿°v Cu Zpcm-Nm-c-ßƒ D≠m-Im-Xn-cn°-W-sa-∂Xv icn-X-s∂. F∂m¬ Ah-tcm-SpIqSn kwk¿Kw sNøp-∂-Xnepw KpW-ßsf
{Kln-°p-∂-Xnepw tZmjhpw ]m]hpw C√. ChcpsS aZy-]m-\mZn tZmj-ßsf XyPn®v KpWßsf kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ XI-cm-sdm-∂p-an-√.
5. alm-`m-cXw im¥n-]¿hw: 325, 14-˛15
6. a\p.8 406
t]Pv ...... se 3˛mw t«mIw. A¿Yw t]Pv.......¬)
199
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Ahsc sXmSp-Itbm ImWp-Itbm sNøp-∂-Xpt]mepw ]m]-am-sW∂v A⁄m-\n-Iƒ hnNmcn-°p-∂p. F¶n¬ Ah-tcmSv t]mcm-Sm\pw km[n°p-I-bn-√. bp≤-Øn¬ kv]¿i-\hpw Z¿i-\hpw
IqSntb Ign- b q. cmK- t Zz- j - ß ƒ A\ymbw
I≈w ]d-bpI apX-emb tZmj-ßsf XyPn-®v,
sshc-`mhw am‰n, kvt\lw ]tcm-]-Imcw k÷\-ioew apX-em-bh kzoI-cn-°p-∂-XmWv DØa-amb BNm-cw. Bflm-hv, {]hrØn F∂n-htbmSp _‘-s∏-´-XmWv [¿a-sa∂v Ad-b-Ww.
\√Xp sNøp- ∂ - h - c mWv \msa- ¶ n¬ hntZ- i tØt°m Zzo]m-¥-c-ß-fn-tet°m t]mIp-∂Xn¬ Hcp tZmjhpw C√. ]m]w sNbvXmte
tZmj-ap-≠m-Iq. AXym-hiyambXv CXmWv:˛
thtZm-‡-amb [¿a-Øn¬ \n›bw thWw.
]mj-WU
v ∑
- m-cpsS sNbvXn-Isf JWvUn-°m≥
]Tn-°-Ww. At∏mƒ icn-b√mØ \n›-b-ßsf-Sp-°m≥ CS-hc
- n-Ib
- n-√. hntZ-iß
- f
- ntem Zzo]m¥-c-ß-fntem sN∂v `c-Wtam hym]m-ctam \SØmsX kztZ-i-Øn\v Ft∏m-sg-¶nepw ]ptcmK-Xn-bp-≠m-Ip-sa-∂mtWm? Hcp \mń-ep-≈-h¿
Ahn-sS-Øs∂ Pohn-°p-Ibpw hntZ-in-Iƒ h∂v
hyh-km-btam \mSp-hm-gvNtbm \S-Øp-Ibpw
sNbvXm¬ Zmcn-{Zyhpw ZpxJ-hp-a√
- msX as‰m∂pw
D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. P\-ßsf ]Tn-∏p-≈-h-cm-°phm\pw hntZ-i-ß-fn¬ t]mIp-hm\pw A\p-h-Zn®m¬, Ah¿ _p≤n-am-∑m-cmbn Xß-fpsS hebn¬ hogmsX t]mIp-Ibpw Aßs\ Xß-fpsS
D]-Po-h-\-am¿§hpw ÿm\-am-\-ßfpw \jvS-s∏Sp-sa∂pw IpSn-e-cmb Cu ZpjvS-∑m¿°-dn-bmw.
X∂n-an-Ø-amWv Ah¿ `£-W-h-kv{Xm-Zn-I-fn¬
ISpw-]n-Sn-Ø-°m-cm-bn, A\y-tZ-i-bm-{X-Isf apS°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ Adn-bmsX t]mepw Hcn°epw aZy-amw-k-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®p-Iq-Sm.
bp≤-k-a-bØpw ssk\n-I¿ \new sagpIn
DuWp-h®v Ign-°p-∂Xv ]cm-P-b-tl-Xp-hm-Ipsa∂v _p≤nam∑msc√mw \n¿W-bn-®n-´p-≈X
- m-Wt√m? 7 B\- ∏ p- d - t Øm, IpXn- c - ∏ p- d - t Øm,
tXcntem \nt∂m \ne-Øp-\nt∂m bp≤w sNøptºmƒ Hcp ssIsIm≠v Xn∂p-Ibpw IpSn-°pIbpw sNbvXv at‰ ssIsIm≠p i{Xp-h[w
\SØn hnPbw t\Sp-∂-Xp-X-s∂-bmWp £{Xn7. aq∂mw ]m\n-∏´v bp≤-Øn¬ adm-ń-I-fpw, Pm´p-Ifpw,
cP-]p-{Xcpw sht∆sd ASp-°-f-bp-≠m-°n-b-XmWv AhcpsS ]cm-Pb Imc-W-sa∂v Ncn{Xw.
b-∑m¿°v DNn-X-amb BNm-cw. ]cm-Pn-X-cm-Ip∂Xv A\m- N m- c amWv. ISpØ aqVX
\nanØamWv Cu a\p-jy¿ \new sagp-Inbpw
XΩn¬X√nbpw X√n®pw kzmX{¥yw kpJw
kºØv, cmPyw, hnZy ]pcp-j-{]-bXv\w F∂nh-bn-se√mw NmWIw Ie-°n-tØ-®v, Bcm\pw
sIm≠p-h∂p X∂m¬ h®p-Æm-sa∂p sImXn®v
ssIbpw sIń ImØn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. C{]-Im-c-ap≈
{]hr-Øn-sIm≠v Ch¿ Bcym-h¿Ø-tZiw apgph\pw NmWIw sagpIn apSn®p tX®p-Ip-fn-s®∂v
a\- n-em-°-Ww. DÆp-∂nSw hrØn-bm-°p-I,
ASn-°p-I, Xfn-°p-I, tX®p-I-gp-IpI F∂n-hsb√mw sNtø-≠-Xp-X-s∂-bm-Wv. apk¬am≥amscbpw {InkvXym-\n-I-sfbpw t]mse ASp-°f
hrØn-bn-√m-Xm-°-cp-Xv.
tNmZyw:˛ ip≤hpw alm- i p- ≤ hpw
F¥mWv?
DØcw:˛ sh≈-Øntem at‰m thhn-®p-≠m°p∂ tNmdv ip≤w. s\øntem ]mentem thhns®-Sp-°p-∂Xv alm-ip-≤w. CXpw Cu IpSn-e-hrØn-I-fpsS A‘m-Nm-c-am-Wv. s\øpw ]mepw
IqSp-X-ep-≈Xv Xn∂m≥ kzmZp-≈Xpw DZ-c-Øn\v
A[nIw kv\nKv≤-X-bp-≠m-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wt√m?
ImcWw AØcw `£-W-]-Zm¿∞w A[nIw
Xn∂m≥ In´m-\p≈ kq{X-am-Wv., hmkvX-hØn¬ A·n-bntem ]g-°w-sImt≠m ]mI-s∏Sp-Øn-b-sX√mw ]Iz-am-Ip-∂p, Ah-bn¬ GsX¶nepw H∂p-sIm≠v ]mI-s∏-Sm-ØXv A]-Iz-amWv. ]Izw `£yhpw A]Izw A`-£y-hp-amsW∂ \nbaw F√m-bn-SØpw icn-b-√. Fs¥∂m¬ ]®-°-S-ebpw a‰pw Xn∂m-dp-≠-t√m.
tNmZyw:˛ ZznP-∑m¿-˛-{_m-“W £{Xnb
sshiy-∑m¿˛ kzbw ]mIw sNbvXp `£n-°W- t am, iq{Z≥ ]mI- s ∏- S p- Ø n- b Xp `£n°tWm?
DØcw:˛ iq{Z≥ ]mIw sNbvXXv `£n-°Ww. Fs¥-∂m¬, {_m“-W≥, £{Xn-b≥,
sshiy≥ F∂o h¿W-ß-fn-ep≈ kv{Xo]p-cpj-∑m¿ A≤ym-]-\w, cmPy-]-cn-]m-e-\w, ]ip]me-\w, Irjn, I®-hSw apX-emb tPmen-I-fn¬
G¿s∏-ń-cn-°-Ww. F∂m¬ iq{Zs‚ ]m{XØnepw Ahs‚ hońepw ]mIw sNbv X
`£Ww B]¬°m- e - Ø n- e - √ msX as‰m- c n°epw `£n-°-cp-Xv. CXns‚ {]amWw tI´p-
200
]Ømw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
sImƒI Bcym- [ n- j vTnXm hm iq{Zmx
kwkvIcvØm-cx kypx 7
CXv B]-kvXw-_s‚ kq{X-am-Ip-∂p. t{ijvT∑m-cpsS Krl-ß-fn¬ iq{Z¿-˛-A-Xm-bXv hnZymhn-lo-\c
- mb kv{Xo]p-cp-j∑
- m¿˛ sh∏p-]Wn apXemb tkh-\-ßƒ sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬
Ah-cpsS ico-chpw hkv{Xhpw hrØn-bm-bn-cn°-Ww. t{ijvT-∑m-cpsS hoSp-I-fn¬ ]mNIw \SØp-tºmƒ hkv{Xw-sIm≠v hmb aqSn ]mNIw
sNtø- ≠ - X m- W v . Ah- c psS hmbn¬ an∂pw
aq°n¬ \n∂pw \n¿K-an-°p∂ D—-njvStam \nizmktam `£-W-Øn¬ ]‰n-°q-Sm. BgvN-bn-semcn-°¬ Ah¿ \Jw sh´-Ww. £uchpw sNøWw. B Znhkw Ipfn-®nt´ ]mIw sNøm-hq.
t{ijv T - ∑ m¿°v `£Ww \¬Inb tijta
Ah¿ `£n-°m-hq.
tNmZyw:˛ iq{Z≥ sXm´ ]mIw sNbvX
`£Ww Ign-°p-∂X
- n¬ tZmjw ImWp-tºmƒ
Ah≥ ]mIw sNbvXXv Fßs\ DÆpw?
DØcw:˛ CXv It]me Iev]n-Xhpw I≈-hpam-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ i¿°-c, ]©-km-c, s\øv,
]m¬ Acn-amhv kky-ßƒ, Ing-ßp-Iƒ F∂nh
`£n-®n-´p-≈-h¿ temI-sa-ºm-Sp-ap-≈-h-cp-≠m-°nbXpw D—n-jvShpw `£n-®n-cn°p-s∂∂p Icp-XWw. Fs¥-∂m¬ iq{Z¿, ]d-b¿, tXmń-Iƒ,
apk¬am-∑m¿, {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ apX-em-b-h¿
hb- e p- I - f n¬ \n∂p Icnºp shń sXmen
If™v Bń \osc-Sp-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ Ah¿
ae-aq-{X-hn-k¿÷\w sNbvXn´p ssII-gp-ImsX
Ah ssIImcyw sNøp-∂p. Hcp Icnsº-SpØv
ISn®v ]IpXn \ocv IpSn-°p-∂p. _m°n AXn¬
Xs∂ CSp-∂p. Icn-ºp-\o¿ Xnf-∏n-°p-tºmƒ
N∏mØn AXnen´p ]mIw sNbvXp `£n-°p∂p. ]©-kmc D≠m-°p-tºmƒ, ae-aq-{X-ßfpw
aÆpw, NmW-Ihpw a‰pw ]‰n-∏n-Sn-®n´p≈ ]gb
sNcn-∏p-sIm-≠mWp sRcp-Sp-∂-Xv. ]men¬ Iqńt®¿°p∂ sh≈w Ah-cpsS hońse F®n¬
]m{X- ß - f n- e p- ≈ - X m- b n- c n- ° pw. s\øpw a‰pw
kq£n-°p-∂Xpw AØcw ]m{X-ß-fn¬ Bbncn- ° pw. Acn- a mhp s]mSn- ° p∂ ka- b Øpw
F®n¬ ssIsIm≠p Xs∂-bmhmw B Acn-amhv
FSp-°p-∂-Xv. F∂p-am-{X-a√ hnb¿∏p-Xp-≈nIfpw IqSn B Acn-am-hn¬ hogp-∂p. ImbvI-\n-
Iƒ, Ing-ßp-Iƒ, F∂n-h-bpsS Imcy-Ønepw
CØcw Xam-i-Iƒ ImWmw. Ch-sbms° `£n®n-´p-s≠-¶n¬ F√m-h-scbpw sXm´p-Xn-s∂∂v
Icp-Xn-s°m-≈-Ww.
tNmZyw:˛ êw, aqew, Iµw, ckw apX-emb 9 AZr-jvSh
- k
- vXp-°f
- psS Imcy-Øn¬ Cu
tZmj-an-√.
DØcw:˛ sIm≈mw. sIm≈mw! As√-¶n¬
aÆpw Nmchpw hmcn-Øn-∂ptam? i¿°-cbpw
]©-km-cbpw a[p-c-am-Wv. ]mepw s\øpw tZlØn\p ]pjvSn-bp-≠m-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ ]ns∂
AZr-jvS-tZmjw D≠m-bm¬ kzm¿Y-]q¿Øn
D≠m- h n- √ . ImWm- Ø - X n¬ tZmj- a n- s √∂p
hcp∂ ]£w tXmń-Iƒ, ap…o-ßƒ F∂n-h¿
thsdm-cn-SØp h®p-≠m-°n-Ø-∂m¬ \nßƒ
AXp Xn∂ptam C√tbm? Xn∂p-I-bn-s√-¶n¬
AZr- j v S - Ø nepw tZmj- a p- s ≠∂p hcp- ∂ p.
amwkm-lm-cn-Ifpw aZy-]m-\n-I-fp-amb apk¬am∑m¿, {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ apX-em-b-h¿ sh®p-≠m°n- b Xv t{ijvT- ∑ mcv `£n- ° p- ∂ - ] £w
Ah¿°pw aZy-amw-km-Zn-Iƒ `£n-®-Xp-sIm≠p≈ tZmjw ]n∂oSv D≠m-tb-°mw. F∂m¬
t{ijvT-∑m¿ XΩn¬ kl-t`m-P\w \S-Øp-∂Xn¬ bmsXmcp tZmj-hp-an-√.
Htc A`n{]m-bw, Htc em`-\-jvS-ßƒ, kpJZpx-J-ß-fn-ep≈ kmayw F∂nh ]c-kv]cw
D≠m-Im-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-hsc A`yp-Z-b-ap-≠m-Ip∂Xv hfsc hnj-a-am-Wv. an{i-t`m-P\w sIm≠pam{Xw ]cn-jvImcw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. Zpcm-Nm-cßƒ XyPn®v kZm-Nm-c-ßƒ kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xphsc ]ptcm-KX
- n-°p-]I
- cw At[m-KX
- n-bm-Wp-≠mhp-I.
hntZ-im-[n-]-Xy-Im-cWw
Bcym-h¿Ø-Øn¬ hntZ-io-b-cpsS hmgvN-bp≠m-hm-\p≈ ImcWw Cu \m´p-Im-cpsS At\ym\y-kv]¿≤, A`n-{]m-b-`n-∂-X, {_“-N-cy-an-√mbva, ]T-\-]m-T-ß-fn-√m-bva, \n¿_-‘nX ssiih-hn-hm-lw, hnj-bm-k-‡n, I≈-Ø-cw, thZ-hnZy-bpsS tem]w CXymZn ZpjvI¿Ω-ß-fm-Wv.
ktlm-Z-c-ßƒ XΩn¬ Ie-ln--°p-tºmƒ aq∂ma-\mb hntZin a[y-ÿ-\mbn Na-bp-∂p. Aømbncw sIm√-ßƒ°p apºp \S∂ alm-`m-c-X-IYbpw \nßƒ hnkva-cn-®pthm? t\m°q! `mc-X-
8. B]-kvXw_ [a¿kq{Xw 2.2.2.4
9. D≠m-bs
- X-hn-sS-sb∂ kv]jvSa
- √
- m-ØX
- mWv AZr-jvSw.
201
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
bp-≤-Øn¬ kI-ecpw t]m¿°-f-Øn¬ khm-cnI-fn-en-cp-∂t{X `£n-®n-c p-∂ -X v. At\ym- \ ykv ] ¿≤- s Im- ≠ mWv ]mWv U - h - ∑ m- c p- s Sbpw
Iuc-h-∑m-cp-sSbpw bmZ-h-∑m-cp-sSbpw D∑q-e\miw kw`-hn-®-Xv. A∂v AXp kw`-hn-®Xp
t]mIs´ B tcmKw CXp-h-scbpw t`Z-am-bn-ń√. Cu `b-¶c cm£-k≥ Ft∏mƒ hn´p-t]mIp-sa-∂-dn-hn-√. Hcp ]t£ t{ijvT-cmb F√mh-scbpw kpJ-ß-fn¬ \n∂-I‰n ZpxJ-km-K-cØn¬ ap°n-s°m-t∂°mw! Ipew apSn-®, cmPyw
\in-∏n® \oN-\mb Zptcym-[-\s‚ ZpjvS-am¿KØn-eqsS C∂pw k©cn-°p-∂-XmWv \ΩpsS
ZpxJ-h¿≤-\-hn\p Imc-Ww. Cu cmP-tcmKw \ap°n-S-bn¬ \n∂v A‰p-t]m-Ip-hm≥ Cuiz-c≥
klm-bn-°-s´.
c≠p-Xcw `£ym-`-£y-ßƒ
[¿a-im-kv{X-Øn¬ ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xv, sshZyim-kv{X-Øn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n´p≈Xv F∂n-ßs\
`£ym-`-£y-hn[n c≠p-≠v.
A`-£ ymWn ZznPm-X o-\m-a -t a-[ y- { ]- ` - hmWnN. (a-\p. 5,5)
ZznP-∑mcpw AXm-bXv {_m“W £{Xnb
sshiy-∑mcpw iq{Z-∑mcpw aen-\-amb AYhm
ae-aq-{Xm-Zn-I-fpsS kwk¿Kw sIm≠v D≠m-bn´p≈ kky-ßƒ Imbv, Ing-ßp-Iƒ apX-em-bh
`£n-°-cp-Xv.
h¿P-tb-∑-[p-amwkw N (a-\p. 2. 177)
hnhn-[-Xcw aZy-ßƒ, I©m-hv, Idp∏v apXem-b-hbpw AXm-bXv
""_p≤nw-ep-º-Xn-b-Zv {Zhyw aZ-Imcn XZpNytX'' 10
_p≤nsb \in-∏n-°p-∂h
- s
- bm∂pw Hcn-°epw
`£n-°-cp-Xv. No™-Xpw, Zpjn-®-Xpw, Zp¿K-‘ap-≈-Xpw, icn-bmbn ]mIw sNøm-Ø-Xpw, ico- Ø n¬ aZy- a mw- k m- Z n- I - f psS ]c- a m- W p- ° ƒ
\nd™ tæ—-amb aZym-]m-\n-I-fpw, amwkm-lmcn-Ifpw ]mIw sNbvX Blmcw `£n-°-cp-Xv.
a\p-jy¿°v D]-Im-c-ap≈ ]ip-hn-s\bpw a‰pw
sIm∂p-≠m-°p∂ `£-Whpw h¿Py-am-Wv. Hcp
]ip-hn¬ \n∂p-≠m-Ip∂ ]m¬, s\øv AXns‚
k¥-Xn-Iƒ F∂nh H‰ Xe-ap-d-bn¬ \mep-e£Øn Fgp-]-Ø-øm-bn-cØn Adp-\qdp a\p10. im¿MvK-[c kwlnX 4.21
jy¿°p {]tbm-P\w sNøp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ ]ip°sf sIm√p-Itbm sIm√n-°p-Itbm sNø-cpXv.
Hcp ]ip-hn\v Ccp-]Xp tkdp 11 as‰m-∂n\v
c≠p tkdpw ]m¬ Znhkw tXmdpw In´p-∂p.
At∏mƒ Hmtcm ]ip-hpw icm-icn ]Xn-s\m∂p
tk¿ ]m¬ \¬Ip-∂p. Nne ]ip-°ƒ ]Xns\´p amk-tØm-fhpw thsd Nne ]ip-°ƒ
Bdp-am-khpw ]m¬ \¬Ip-∂p. At∏mƒ Hmtcm
]ip-hn-s‚bpw Id-h-°mew icm-icn ]{¥≠p
amk-am-bn. Aßs\ Hcp ]ip-hns‚ Id-h-°me-Øn¬ In´p∂ ]m¬sIm≠v 24960 (C-cp-]-Øn\m-em-bn-cØn sXm≈m-bn-cØn Adp-]-Xv) a\pjy¿°v Hcp {]mh-iyw Xr]vXn-b-S-bmw. AXn\v
Bdp ]ip-°p-ń-Ifpw Bdv Imf-°n-Sm-ßfpw
D≠m-Ip-∂p. Ah-bn¬ \n∂v cs≠Æw NØpt]m-bmepw ]sØÆw _m°n-bp-≠m-hpw. Ahbn¬ A©p ]ip-°p-ń-If
- psS ]q¿Æ Poh-Imew
sIm≠p In´p∂ ]mse√mw IqSn 124800 (H-cp-e£Øn Ccp-]-Øn-\m-em-bn-cØn FÆq-dv) a\pjysc kwXr-]vX-cm-°p-hm≥ aXn-bm-Ipw. C\n
A©p Imf-°p-ń-Iƒ _m°n-bp-≠v. Ah-bn-temtcm∂pw Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h-\p-ap≈ {]bXv\w
sIm≠v Gsd-°psd 5000 (A-øm-bn-cw) a∂v
[m\yw DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂p. B [m\y-Øn¬ \n∂v
Hmtcm a\p-jy\pw ap°m¬ tk¿ `£n-®mepw
c≠p- e £w t]¿°v Hcp t\c- t Ø- ° mbn
[m\yhpw ]mepw IqSn-t®¿∂m¬ 374800 (aq-∂pe-£Øn Fgp-]-Øn-\m-em-bn-cØn FÆq-dp)
t]¿ kwXr-]vX-cm-Ipw. BsI 475600 (\mep
e£Øn Fgp-]-Ø-øm-bn-cØn Adp-\q-dv) a\pjysc Hcp ]ip Htc Hcp Xe-ap-d-bn¬ ˛Po-hnX-Im-e-Øn¬˛ Hcp {]mhiyw Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. Cßs\ At\Iw Xe-ap-d-Iƒ tNcp-tºmƒ
AkwJyw P\-ßƒ°v Hcp ]ip-hn-s\-s°m≠pXs∂ {]tbm-P\w In´p-∂p. CXn\pw ]pdta
h≠n hen-°p-I, `mcw Npa-°p-I, apX-emb Imcyß-fnepw a\p-jy¿°p hfsc D]-I-cn-°p-∂-hbmWv Imf-Iƒ. AXp-t]mse Xs∂-bmWv Idh-bp≈ ]ip-°-fpw. Imf-I-sf-t∏mse t]mØpIfpw D]-tbm-K-ap-≈-h-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ ]iphns‚ ]mepw s\øpw t]mse Fcp- a - b psS
]mepw s\øpw _p≤n-h¿≤-I-ß-f-√. Bcy-∑m¿
]ip-hns\ I∂p-Im-en-If
- n¬ sh®p {][m-\a
- mbn
11. GI-tZiw Hcp Intem{Kmw
202
]Ømw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
KWn-®n-´p-≈Xv CXp-sIm-≠m-Wv. Adn-hp-≈-hsc√mw Cßs\ Icp- X pw. tImem- S ns‚
]m¬sIm≠v 25920 (C-cp-]-Ø-øm-bn-c-Øn-sØm≈m-bn-cØn Ccp-]-Xv) Bfp-I-fpsS kwc-£-Wam-Wp-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. C{]-Imcw B\, IpXn-c, HÍw, BSv, IgpX apXemb arK-ßfpw hfsc
D]-Im-c-ap-≈-h-bm-Wv. 12Cu arK-ßsf sIm√p∂-h¿ apgp-h≥ a\p-jy-k-ap-Zm-b-Øn-s‚bpw
LmX-I-∑m-cm-Wv. t\m°pI B¿j-cm-Py-Øn¬
AXy¥w D]- I m- c n- I - f mb Cu arK- ß - s fsbm∂pw lnwkn-®n-cp-∂-tX-bn-√. A∂v Bcymh¿Ø- Ø nepw temI- Ø nse A\y- c m- P y- ß fnepw a\p-jycpw a‰p Pohn-Ifpw hfsc kpJambn PohnXw \bn-®n-cp-∂p. A∂v ]ip Imf
apX-emb arK-ßƒ th≠{X D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xn\m¬ ]mepw s\øpw A∂-c-km-Zn-Ifpw kpe-àm-bn-cp-∂p. amwk-`p-°p-Ifpw aZy-]-∑mcpw P¥plnw-k-I-cp-amb hntZiob¿ F∂p-ap-X¬ Cu
\mń¬ h∂p \mSp-hmgvN XpS-ßntbm A∂p
apX¬ C∂m-´p-Im-cpsS ZpxJw h¿≤n-®p-sIm-≠ncn-°p-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬:˛
\jvtS aqte ss\h êw \ ]pjv]w 13
thc‰ hr£-Øn-s\-hnsS \n∂mWv ]qhpw
Imbpw?
tNmZyw:˛ kI-ecpw {]mWn-lnw-kI
- c
- √
- m-Xmbm¬ ISph apX- e mb lnw{k- P - ¥ p- ° ƒ
h¿≤n-°pw. Ah ]ip°-sfbpw a‰pw sIm∂pXn-∂pw. At∏mƒ \nß-fpsS Cu A`n-{]m-bsa√mw hy¿Y-am-Ipw.
DØcw:˛ D]-{Z-h-ap-≠m-°p∂ a\p-jy-scbpw
arK-ß-tfbpw in£n-°p-Ibpw Bh-iy-am-bm¬
sIm√p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xp cmP-`r-Xy-∑m-cpsS
{]hr-Øn-bm-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ ]ns∂ Ah-bpsS amwkw hens®-dn™p If-btWm?
DØcw:˛ If-™mepw th≠n-√. \mb apXemb amwkm- l m- c n- I ƒ°v sImSp- Ø mepw
sIm≈mw Zln-∏n®p If-™mepw hntcm-[-an-√.
Hcp ]t£ amwkm-lm-cn-I-fmb h√ a\p-jycpw
12. Cu hnj-b-sØ-∏‰n hnkvXr-X-amb Hcp \ncq-]Ww
""tKmI-cp-Wm-\n[n'' F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ sNbvXn-´p-≠v.
Cu ]pkvXIw sshZnI kmlnXy ]cn-jØ
- ns‚ "BNmc-`m\p' F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-´p-≠v.
13. NmW-Iy-\oXn 10-˛13
Xn∂mepw temI-Øn\p Xc-t°-sSm∂pw kw`hn-°m-\n-√. Ah-cpsS kz`mhw Zpjn®v amwkmlm-cn-I-fmb lnwkm-io-e-cm-Ip-sa-t∂-bp-≈q.
lnwk, tamj-Ww, hnizm-k-h-©-\, I≈w,
I]Sw apX-em-bh
- s
- Im≠p kºm-Zn-°p-∂s
- X√mw
A`-£y-am-Wv. Btcm-Kyw, tcmK-\m-iw, _p≤n,
_ew, ]cm-{I-aw, Bbp v F∂n-hbv°p h¿≤\-hp-≠m-°p-∂-Xmb Acn, tKmX-ºv, ImbvI-\nIƒ, Ing-ßp-Iƒ, ]mev, s\øv, a[pcw apX-embh
tNtc-≠-]Sn tN¿Øv ]mIw sNbvXv DNn-X-k-abØv anX-ambn `£n-°p-∂-sX√mw "`£yw'
Xs∂. Ah-\-hs‚ {]Ir-Xnbv°p hncp-≤-amb
hnIm-csØ P\n-∏n-°p∂ ]Zm¿∞-ßs
- f-sb√mw
XyPn-°p-∂Xpw hnln-X-am-b-hsb AXn-\-\p-kcn®v kzoI-cn-°p-∂Xpw A√m-Ø-hsb XyPn-°p∂Xpw `£y-hn-[n-bn¬ s]Sp-Ømw.
tNmZyw:˛ Htc ]m{X-Øn¬ \n∂v DÆp-∂Xv
icntbm sXt‰m?
DØcw:˛ tZmj-I-c-am-Wv. c≠p-t]-cpsS kz`mhhpw ioe-ßfpw s]mcp-Ø-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cn-°p-Ibn-√. IpjvT-tcm-KntbmsSm∏w `£n-°p-∂-XpsIm≠v tcmK-an-√m-Ø-hs‚ c‡hpw IqSn Zpjn°p- ∂ - X p- t ]m- s e, H‰- ∏ m- { X- Ø n¬ \n∂p- Æ p∂Xpw tZmj-a-√msX KpW-sam∂pw sNøp-I-bn√. AXp-sIm≠v:˛
t\m—njvSw Iky-Nn-±Z- ym-∂m-Zym-ss®h XYm¥cm \ ssNhm-Xy-i\w Ipcym-∂tNm—njvSx
IzNnZv {htPXv (a-\p. 2. 56)
kz¥w D—njvSw as‰m-cmƒ°p sImSp-°pItbm as‰m-cp-hs‚ ]m{X-Øn¬ \n∂p Xn∂pItbm ]mSn- √ . Aan- X - a mbn `£n- ° - c p- X v .
`£Ww Ign-™v, ssIøpw apJhpw Igp-ImsX
Aßp-anßpw t]mI-bp-a-cp-Xv.
tNmZyw:˛ ""Kptcm-cp-—n-jvS-t`m-P-\-av'' 14
F∂ hmIy-Øns‚ A¿Yw F¥mWv?
DØcw:˛ Kpcp-hns‚ `£Ww Ign™v tijn°p∂ ip≤-amb Blmcw Ign-°Ww F∂mWv
A¿Yw. Kpcp-hn\v \evIn-b-Xn\p tijw am{Xw
injy≥ `£n-°Ww F∂¿Yw.
tNmZyw:˛ D—n-jvS-am-b-sX√mw \njn-≤-amsW-¶n¬ tX\o-®-I-fpsS D—n-jvS-amb tX≥,
]ip- ° p- ´ n- b psS D—n- j v S - a mb ]m¬, Hcp
14. {]mW-tXm-jnWn F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬\n∂v
203
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
I_fw `£n-®p-I-gn-bp-tºmƒ Ah-\-hs‚
Xs∂ D—n- j v S - a m- b n- Ø o- c p∂ tNmdv Chsbm∂pw `£n-°-cp-Xt√m?
DØcw:˛ D—n-jvS-sa∂ t]tc tX\n-\p-≈q.
hnh-[u-j-[-ß-fpsS kØmb AXp kzoIm-cyam-Wv. InSm-ßƒ AIn-ń-¬ \n∂pw ]pdØp h∂
]m¬ am{Xta IpSn-°p-∂p-≈p. D≈n-ep≈ ]m¬
IpSn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. AXn-\m¬ D—n-jvSa-√. F∂m¬ Ipń IpSn-®-Xns‚ tijw PewsIm≠v AInSp IgpIn ip≤-amb ]m{X-Øn¬
]m¬ Id- s ∂- S p- ° - W w. Hcp- h s‚ D—njv S w
Ah\v bmsXmcp hnIm-chpw D≠m-°p-∂n-√,
A\ys‚ D—njvTw `£n-°-cp-sX-∂Xv kzm`mhn-I-am-Wv. A\ys‚ ae-aq-{X-ßsf kv]¿in-°p∂Xn-ep≈nS-tØmfw shdp∏v Ah-\h
- s‚ apJw,
aq°v, sNhn, IÆv, D]-ÿw, Kptly-{µn-b-ßƒ
F∂n-h-bn¬ \n∂p-≠m-Ip∂ ae-aq-{Xm-Zn-Isf
kv]¿in-°p-∂-Xn¬ D≠m-Ip-∂n-√.- A-Xn-\m¬
AXp krjvSn-{I-a-Øn\p hn]-co-X-am-bn-´p-≈-Xs√∂p kn≤n-°p-∂p. as‰m-cp-hs‚ D—n-jvSw-˛F-®n¬˛ `£n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂X
- p-Xs
- ∂-bmWv a\pjy¿s°√mw DNn-Xw.
tNmZyw:˛ sIm≈mw! `mcym-`¿Øm-°-∑mcpw
]c-kv]cw D—njvSw `£n-°-cp-sX-∂mtWm?
DØcw:˛ ]mSn-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ Ah-cp-sSbpw
ico-c-kz-`mhw `n∂-am-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ H∂p tNmZn°s´! GXp a\pjy≥ D≠m-°n-b-Xm-bmepw AXp `£n-°p-∂Xn- s e- ¥ mWv sX‰v ? {_m“W≥ apX¬
NWvUm-f≥ hsc-bp-≈-h-cpsS icocw F√pw
amwkhpw sXmenbpw sIm≠p-≠m-°n-bX
- m-Wv.
{_m“-Ws‚ ico-cØ
- n-ep-≈X
- cw tNmc Xs∂bmWv NWvUm-fm-Zn-I-fpsS ico-c-Øn-ep-ap-≈Xv . F¶n¬]ns∂ GXp a\p- j y≥ ]mIw
sNbvX-Xm-bmepw `£n-°p-∂-Xn¬ F¥mWp
sX‰v?
DØcw:˛ sX‰p-≠ v. DØa ]Zm¿∞- ßƒ
`£n-°p∂ {_m“-W-cpsS ico-c-Øn¬ Zp¿K‘mZn tZmj-ß-fn-√mØ ctPm-ho-cy-ßƒ D≠mIp-∂-Xp-t]mse NWvUm-fmZn kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑mcn¬ D≠m-Ip-∂n-√. NWvUm-fs‚ icocw Zp¿K‘-]-c-am-Wp-°-sf-s°m-≠p \nd-™n-cn-°p-∂p.
{_mlvaWm-Zn-I-fpsS icocw Aß-s\-bp-≈-X√. AXn-\m¬ {_m“-WmZn t{ijvT-Pm-Xn-Iƒ
]mIw sNbvXXp `£n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. tXmńI-fpw, Ad-hp-Im-cpw, ]mIw sNbvXXv A`£yamWv. ""AΩ, iz{ip, ktlm-Z-cn, ]p{Xn,
]p{X-`mcy F∂n-h-cp-sS-sb√mw icocw N¿Ωw
sIm≠p-≠m-°n-bX
- p-t]mse N¿Ωw sIm≠p-≠m°n-b-XmWv Ah-\-hs‚ `mcy-bpsS ico-c-hpw.
AXp-sIm-≠p \nßƒ `mcy-tbmSp s]cp-am-dp-∂Xp-t]mse AΩ-tbmSpw a‰pw s]cp-am-dptam?''
F∂v Bsc-¶nepw tNmZn-®m¬ \nßƒ°p Xe
XmgvØn an≠m-Xn-cn-t°≠n hcp-a-t√m. DØ-aamb A∂w sXm´p-`-£n-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse \mdp∂-hbpw `£n-°ptam? aehpw `£n-°ptam?
Aß-s\-bp-≈-hcpw D≠m-bn-cn-°ptam?
tNmZyw:˛ ]ip-hns‚ NmWIw sIm≠p
sagp-Ip-∂-Xp-t]mse \nßƒ kz¥w aew
sIm≠p sagp-Im-Xn-cn-°p-∂-sX¥v? NmWIw
sIm≠p sagp-Inb ÿeØp t]mIp-tºmƒ
AhnsS Aip-≤-am-Im-ØXpw F¥p-sIm≠v?
DØcw:˛ a\p-jys‚ ae-Øn-t‚-Xp-t]m-ep≈
Zp¿K‘w ]ip-hns‚ NmW-I-Øn-\n-√. NmWIw
kv \ nKv ≤ - a m- b - X p- s Im≠v thK- Ø n¬ Cf- I pItbm hkv{X-ßƒ apjn-bp-Itbm hkv{X-ßfn¬ Nfn ]‰pItbm sNøp-∂n-√. aÆp-sIm≠p
amen\yw D≠m- I p- ∂ - X p- t ]mse DW- ß nb
NmWIw sIm≠p-≠m-Ip-∂n-√. aÆpw NmWIhpw IqSn-t®¿Øp-≠m-°nb ÿew at\m-l-cam-Wv. ]mIw sNøp∂ ÿe-Øn-cp∂p `£Ww
Ign-°p-Ibpw a‰pw sNøp-∂X
- p-sIm≠p AhnsS
s\øv, Acn-s∏m-Sn, F®n¬ F∂n-h-sb√mw hogp∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Cu®, Ddp-ºv, apX-em-b-hsb√mw Cc tXSm≥ AhnsS h∂p-Iq-Sp-∂p.
AhnsS Znhkw tXmdpw ASn-®p-X-fn®p sagpIn
hrØn-bm°n sh®n-s√-¶n¬ B ÿw I°q- pt]m-em-bn-Øo-cpw. AXn-\m¬ Znhkw-tXmdpw
Nq¬sIm- ≠ - S n- ® v , NmW- I hpw aÆpw Iqńt®¿Øp sagpIn hrØn-bm°n sh°-Ww, henb
hoSm-sW-¶n¬ sh≈w-sIm≠p IgpIn hrØnbm-°-Ww, Cßs\ sNbvXm¬ apºp ]d™
tZmj-ßƒ D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. henb kmbv∏-∑mcpsS ASp-°-f-bn¬ Hcn-SØp Icn, thsdm-cnSØp Nmcw, as‰m-cn-SØp hnd-Iv, Hcp Zn°n¬
Hcp DS™ IpSw, Hcn-SØp F®n¬ ]m{Xw,
as‰mcp aqebv°v F√n≥ Ij-W-ßƒ Chsb√mw InS-°p-∂p-≠m-hpw. Cu®-bpsS IYsb¥p ]d-bm≥! tbmKy-∑m-cm-sc-¶nepw AhnsS
204
]Ømw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
sN∂n-cp-∂m¬ Hm°m-\n-°pw. B HSn-°p-gn°p
Xpeyw AtX ImWq. NmWIw sagp-Ip-∂-Xn¬
tZmj-ap-s≠-¶n¬ ASp-∏n¬ NmW-I-h-c-fn-bn´v
Xo IØn-°p-∂Xpw Npa-sc-gp-Xp-Ibpw hc-fn-ØosIm≠v lp° hen-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂X
- p-sIm≠v
kmbv∏ns‚ t`mP-\-ÿm-\hpw Aip-≤-am-hp-Ibnt√?'' F∂ tNmZn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. As√-¶nepw
kwi-bn-°m-\n-√.
tNmZyw:˛ AI-Øn-cp∂v `£n-°p-∂tXm
]pd-Øn-cp∂p `£n-°p-∂tXm \√Xv?
DØcw:˛ \√-Xpw, ca-Wo-bhpw kpµ-c-hp-amb
ÿm\w Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂mepw Ahn-sS-bn-cp∂v
`£n-°-Ww. Bhiyw hcp-tºmƒ bp≤-Ønepw
a‰pw IpXn-c-∏p-d-tØm, hml-\-Øn-en-cp-t∂m,
\nt∂m `£n-°p-∂Xv DNn-X-am-Wv,
tNmZyw:˛ kzbw ]mIw sNbvXXv `£n-°Ww, A\y≥ ]mIw sNbvX-X-cp-Xv At√?
DØcw:˛ t{ijv T - ∑ m¿ ip≤- a mbn ]mIw
sNbvXXv Ah¿ At\ym\yw hnfºn `£n-°p∂-Xn¬ Hcp tZmjhpw C√. {_mlvWm-Zn-h¿Wß-fn-epsS kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿ ASp-°f hbv°m\pw, ]m{Xw Igp- I m\pw \S- ∂ m¬ hnZymZn
t{ijvT-Kp-W-ßƒ Hcn-°epw A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-Sp-Ibn-√. bp[n-jvTn-c-a-lm-cm-Pmhp \S-Ønb cmP-kqb-bm-K-Øn¬ `qtKm-f-Øn-ep≈ kIe cmPm-°∑mcpw Ejn-amcpw al¿jn-amcpw ]s¶-Sp-Øp.
Ah-sc-√m-hcpw H‰ ASp-°-fbn¬ \n∂mWv
`£n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. ({In-kvXp-a-Xw, C…mw, apX-emb
aX-hn-`m-Kß
- ƒ h∂-tXmSp IqSn-bmWv sshchpw
hntcm-[hpw D≠m-b-Xv) aZyhpw tKmamw-km-ZnIfpw IpSn-°m\pw Xn∂m\pw Ah¿ Bcw-`n-®tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn- `£-Wm-Zn-Im-cy-ß-fnepw A`n-{]mb-hy-Xym-ka
- p-≠m-bn. Im_qƒ, I‘m¿, Cudm≥,
Ata-cn-°, bqtdm∏v apX-emb cmPy-ßf
- nse cmPIp-am-cn-am-cmb Km‘m-cn, am{Zn, Dtem]n apXem- b - h sc Bcy- h ¿Ø- Ø nse cmPm- ° - ∑ m¿
hnhmlw Ign®v _‘-ap-d∏
- n-®n-cp-∂p. iIp-\nbpw
a‰pw Iuc-h-˛-]m-WvU-h-tcm-sSm∏w `£Ww Ign®n-cp-∂p. Ah¿ XΩn¬ X√n-b-tX-bn√. A°meØp thZ-{]-Xn-]m-Zn-Xa
- mb Hscm‰ aXw am{Xta
`qtem-I-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. AXn¬ F√mh¿°pw \njvT-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp-hs‚ kpJZpx-J-ßfpw em`-\jvS-ßfpw Xt‚-Xn\p Xpeyambn A∂-h¿ KWn-®n-cp-∂p. A∂p `qan-bn¬
kuJyw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ct∏m-gm-Is´ hnh[
aX-ß-fp-≠m-I-bm¬ AXn-\-\p-k-cn®v ZpxJhpw
hntcm- [ hpw h¿≤n®p Ahsb \nhm- c Ww
sNtø-≠Xv _p≤nam-∑m-cpsS IS-ab
- m-Wv. Cuizc≥ kXy-Øns‚ IWnI Gh-cp-sSbpw lrZ-bØn¬ A¶pcn∏n®v anYym-a-X-ßsf {]f-b-Øn¬
Hgp-°-s´. CXn--t\-∏‰n hnZzm-∑m-sc√mw hntcm[w
shSn™v Nn¥n-®v, B\-µ-h¿≤-\-hp-≠m°-s´.
BNmcw A\m-Nmcw `£ym-`£
- y-ßƒ F∂nh-sb-∏‰n Cßs\ kz¬]w Fgp-Xn. Cu {KŸØns‚ ]q¿∆m¿≤w Cu ]Ømw kap-√m-ktØm-Sp-IqSn ]q¿Æ-am-bn. Cu kap-√m-k-ß-fn¬
khn- k v X - c - a mbn JWv U - \ - a mWv U \- ß ƒ
sNbvXnń√. a\p-jy¿°v, k-Xyhpw Ak-Xyhpw
th¿Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn¬ Aev]-sa-¶nepw Ign-hp≠m-Ip-∂-Xp-hsc ÿqehpw kq£va-hp-amb
JWvU\-ß-fpsS Bh-iyhpw A¿Yhpw {Kln°p-hm≥ i‡n-bp-≠m-hp-I-bn-s√-∂-XmWv ImcWw. F√m- h ¿°pw kXy- i n- £ - W - s a- s ¥∂v
H∂m-aXv D]-tZ-in-®-Xn\p tijw \mep kap√m-k-ß-f-S-ßnb DØ-cm¿≤-Øn¬ hnkvXr-Xam- bn JWv U - \ - a Wv U m- \ - ßƒ sNømw. B
\men¬ H∂m-a-tØ-Xn¬ Bcym-h¿Ø-Ønse
hnhn-[-a-X-ßƒ c≠m-a-tØ-Xn¬ ssP\n-I-fpsS
aXw, aq∂m-a-tØ-Xn¬ {InkvXp-aXw \mem-atØ-Xn¬ C…mw-aXw F∂n-h-bpsS JWvU-\am-\-ßƒ Fgp-Xn-b-Xn\p tijw ]Xn-\m-emasØ kap-√m-k-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-Øn¬ kzaXhpw shfn-hm-°mw. hni-Z-amb JWvU-\hpw
aWvU-\hpw Im◊m≥ B{K-l-ap-≈-h¿ Cu
\mep kap-√m-k-ßfpw t\mt°-≠-Xm-Wv.
Ign™ ]Øv kap-√m-k-ß-fn¬ Ahn-S-hnsS
kmam-\y-ambn Nne JWvU-\-am-WvU-\-ßƒ
sNbvXn-ń-s√∂v A¿∞-an-√. Cu ]Xn-\mep kap√m-kßfpw ]£w ]nSn-°msX \ymb-Zr-jvSntbmsS t\m°p∂ ]£w Abm-fpsS Bflmhn¬ kXy-Øns‚ A¿Yw {]Im-in®v B\µw
kv ^ pcn- ° p- ∂ - X m- W v . imTyw, Zpcm- { K- l w,
Cu¿jy F∂n- h - t bmsS t\m°p- I tbm,
tIƒ°p-Itbm sNbvXm¬ Cu {KŸ-Øns‚
A`n-{]mbw bXm¿∞-ambn {Kln-°p-hm≥ hfsc
ITn-\-am-Wv.
Cu {KŸ- Ø ns‚ A`n- { ]m- b - s a- s ¥∂v
bYm¿Y-ambn Nn¥n-°m-sX-bn-cp-∂m¬ Imcyw
{Kln- ° m- \ m- I msX Ipg- ß n- t ∏m- t b- ° mw.
kXyhpw Ak-Xyhpw \n¿W-bn®v kXysØ
205
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw Ak-XysØ XyPn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXv ]c-am-\-µsØ {]m]n-°p-I-bmWv hnZzm∑m-cpsS I¿Ø-hyw. AØcw KpW-{Km-ln-I-fmWv, hnZzm-∑c
- mbn [¿a-˛A
- ¿Y-˛I
- m-a˛- t- am£ßfmIp∂ ê-ßƒ t\Sn {]k-∂-cmbn h¿Øn-°p∂-Xv.
{ioa-±-bm-\-µ-kzm-an-Iƒ cNn®
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-i-Ønse
BNm-cm-\m-Nmc `£ym-`£y hnj-b-ßsf
{]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ ]Ømw kap-√mkw
Ign-™p.
(]q¿hm¿≤w kºq¿Ww)
206
2
DØ-cm¿≤w
DØ-cm¿≤w
A\p`qanI c≠v
Aøm-bncw sIm√-ßƒ°p apºp thZ-a-X-a√msX as‰mcp aXhpw C√m-bn-cp-s∂∂p Xo¿®bm-Wv. thtZm-‡-am-b-sX√mw hnZym-hn-cp-≤-a-√mØ-Xm-Wv. thZ-ß-fpsS {]Nmcw \ne-®Xv alm`m-c-X-bp≤w \nan-Ø-am-bn-cp-∂p. thZ-{]-Nmcw
\ne-®-t∏mƒ Ahn-Zy-bpsS Ccp´v temI-Øn¬
hym]n-®p. a\p-jy¿°v _p≤n-{àw ]nSn-s]-´-Xpt]m-se-bm-bn. Ah¿ tXm∂pw]Sn aX-ßƒ {]Ncn-∏n-®p. AØcw aX-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw thZ-hn-cp≤-ß-fmb \mep aX-ßƒ-˛-]p-cm-W-a-Xw, ssP\a-Xw, {InkvXp-aX
- w, apl-ΩZ- p-aXw F∂nh˛k¿h
aX-ß-fp-sSbpw aqe-am-Wv. Ah H∂n\p]ndtI
Hmtcm-∂mbn \S-∏n-em-bn. Ch \men-t‚bpw ]ncnhp-Iƒ Bbn-c-Øn¬ Ipd-bp-I-bn-√. Cu aX°m¿°pw Ah-cpsS injy-∑m¿°pw as‰-√mh¿°pw, kXym- k - X y- \ n¿Æbw sNøp- h m≥
At\ym\yw henb ]cn-{iaw D≠m-Im-Xn-cn-°p∂-Xn\pth≠n-bmWv Cu {KŸw cNn-®n-´p-≈-Xv.
kXy-a-X-Øns‚ afi-\hpw Ak-Xy-Øns‚
Jfi-\hpw Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ {]tbmP\w F√m-h¿°pw Ah-t_m-[n-∏n®p sImSp-°pI-sb-∂Xp Xs∂-b-t{X. Fs‚ _p≤n, ]Tn-∏v,
Cu \mep aX- ß - f p- t Sbpw aqe- { K- Ÿ - ß ƒ
t\m°n-bp-≠m-°nb Adn-hv, F∂n-h-b-\p-k-cn®v
F√m-h-cp-tSbpw ka£w Imcy-ßƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv
\∂m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Rm≥ a\- n-em-°p-∂p. ad®p-h® Adn-hns‚ ]p\¿e_v[n km[m-c-W-b-√.
]£-]mXw shSn™v CXp t\m°p-∂-]£w
kXyhpw Ak-Xy-hp-amb aX-ßƒ Gh¿°pw
Adn- h mIpw ]n∂oSv Hmtcm- c p- Ø - c p- t Sbpw
Adnhpw t_m[hpw A\p-k-cn®v kXy-a-XsØ
sIm≈m\pw Ak-Xy-a-XsØ X≈m\pw Ign-bp∂-Xm-Wv.
]Xn-s\m∂mw kap-√m-k-Øn¬ ]pcm-WmZn
{KŸ-ßƒ aptJ\ imtJm-]-im-Jm-cq-]-Øn¬
Bcy-h¿Ø-Øn¬ {]N-cn-®n-´p-ff aX-ß-fpsS
kw£n-]vXa
- mb KpW-tZmj hnNn-¥\w ImWmw.
Fs‚ Cu {]hrØn D]-Im-c-{]-Z-a-s√∂p IcpXp-∂-]£w hntcm-[n-°-bp-a-cp-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬,
Fs‚ XmXv]cyw B¿s°-¶nepw lm\n-bp-≠m°p-Itbm Bsc-sb-¶nepw hntcm-[n-°p-Itbm
A√; kXym-k-Xy-\n¿Æbw sNøp-Ibpw sNøn°p-Ibpw am{X-am-Wv. F√m-hcpw \ymbZr-jvSntbmsS h¿Øn-°p-∂X
- p-Xs
- ∂-bmWv Atß-b‰w
DNn-Xw. a\pjy P∑w e`n-°p-∂Xv kXyhpw
Ak-Xyhpw \n¿Æ-bn-°p-∂-Xn\pw \n¿Æ-bn-∏n°p-∂-Xn-\p-am-Wv. hmZhnhmZw \S-Øp-∂-Xnt\m
hntcm-[n-°p-∂-Xnt\m A√. aX-a-Xm-¥-c-ßƒ
XΩn-ep-ff hmZ-hn-hm-Z-ßƒ \nanØw temIØn¬ Fs¥√mw A\njvS ê-ß-fp-≠m-bn-´ps≠- ∂ pw, D≠m- I p- s ∂∂pw D≠m- I p- s a∂pw
]£-]m-X-c-ln-X-cmb hnZz-÷-\-ßƒ°-dn-bmw.
a\p-jy-h¿§-Øn¬ anYym-a-X-a-Xm-¥-c-ßƒ
XΩn-ep≈ hncp-≤-hm-Z-ßƒ C√m-Xm-Ip-∂-Xphsc ]c-kv]cw B\µw D≠m-hp-Itb C√. a\pjy-cmb \msa-√mw, hnti-jn®v hnZzm-∑m-cpw,
Cu¿jybpw tZzjhpw shSn™v kXyhpw AkXyhpw \n¿Æ-bn®v kXysØ {Kln-°p-Ibpw
Ak-XysØ XyPn-°-bpw, AXn\p a‰p-≈-hsc
t{]cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ \ap°v C°mcyw
Akm-[y-a-√.
F√m-h-tcbpw hntcm-[-PmeØn¬ IpSp-°nbn- ´ n- c n- ° p- ∂ Xv aX- h n- Z zm- ∑ m¿ XΩn- e p≈
hntcm[w \nan- Ø - a m- s W- ∂ - X n¬ kwibw
th≠. Ch¿ X≥Imcyw hnń´v k¿h-P-\-\-∑em-°m-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ DS-\Sn sFI-aXyw
D≠m-Ipw. AXp-t\-Sp-hm-\p≈ D]mbw Cu
{K\vYm-h-km-\-Øn¬ Fgp-Xmw. Htc aX-Øn¬
{]h¿Øn-°p-hm-\p≈ D’mlw k¿h-i-‡n-am\mb ]c-am-flmhv F√m-h-cp-tSbpw Bflm-hn¬
{]Im-in-∏n-°p-am-dm-I-s´.
_p≤n-am-∑m-cn¬ t{ijvT-cm-b-h-tcmSv
IqSp-X¬ hnkvX-cn-°p-∂n-√.
11
]Xns\m∂mw kap-√mkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Imiw
AY Bcym-hcvØob aXJWvU\aWvUt\ hn[m-kymax
C\n Bcym-h¿Ø-Ønse aX-ßfpsS JÜ\ aÜ-\-ßƒ sNømw.
C\n Bcym- h ¿Ø tZi- \ n- h m- k n- I - f mb
t{ijvT-P-\-ß-fpsS aX-ß-sf-∏‰n {]Xn-Iq-ehpw
A\p-Iq-e-hp-ambn N¿®-sN-ømw. Cu Bcymh¿Ø-tZ-i-Øn\p Xpey-ambn as‰mcp tZiw
temI-Øn-en-√. AXn-\m-em-Wv, Cu \mSns\
kph¿W-`qan F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Cu \mń-emWv
kz¿Ww, cXv\w apX-em-bh DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂Xv. X∂n-an-Øa
- mWv Bcy-∑m¿ krjvSn-bpsS XpS°-Øn¬ ChnsS h∂p ]m¿Ø-Xv. krjvSn-hnj-b-sØ-∏‰n ]d-™-t∏mƒ Bcy≥ F∂Xv
t{ijvT-∑m-cpsS t]cm-sW∂p ]d-™p. 1 Bcy∑m-c-√m-Ø-h-cpsS t]cv Zkyp F∂m-Wv.
]mc-k-aWn ˛ `mcXw
temIØnep-ff
- tZi-ßs
- f√mw Cu tZisØ
]pI-gvØp-∂p. Ah¿ hnNm-cn-°p-∂-Xn-ß-s\bmWv:˛ ]mc-k-a-Wn 2sb-s∂mcp cXv\-°-√n-s\∏-‰n tIń-´p-≠v. ]t£ AXv C√m-Ø-XmWv
bYm¿Y ]mc-k-aWn Bcym-h¿Ø-tZ-iamWv,
ChnsS hcp∂ Zcn-{Z-cmb hntZ-in-Iƒ ]mc-kaWn sXm´ temlw t]mse kz¿W-am-bn, AXmbXv kº-∂-cmbn amdp-∂p.
krjvSn-Imew apX¬ Aøm-bncw sIm√w
apºp hsc, temI- Ø nse km¿h- ` u- a - ∑ m¿
AYhm k¿hm-[n-Im-cn-I-fmb N{I-h¿Ønam¿
1. kap-√mkw 8. t]Pv ....................(351, 353.)
2. sXm´ teml-sa√mw s]m∂m-°p∂
k¶-ev]-am-{X-amb Hcp-cXv\w.
Bcy-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂p. CX-c-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ kma-¥cm-Pm-°-∑m¿ am{X-am-Wp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Iuc-h˛-]m-WvU-h-cpsS Imew hsc Chn-SpsØ `c-WØnepw A[o-\X
- b
- n-ep-amWv temI-Ønse cmPm°-∑mcpw {]P-Ifpw Ign-™n-cp-∂-Xv. krjvSnbpsS BZn-bn¬ D≠mb 3- a\p-kvar-Xn-bnse
hmIyw CXn\p {]am-W-am-Wv.
""GX-t±-i-{]-kq-Xky kIm-im-Z-{K-P-∑\x
kzw kzw Ncn{Xw in-t£-c≥ ]rYnhymw k¿ham-\hmx'' (a-\p. 2.20)
Cu Bcym-h¿Ø-tZ-i-Øn¬ P\n® {_m“W-cn¬-˛h
- n-Zzm-∑m-cn¬˛ \n∂p-Xs∂ temI-Øn-epf-f a\p-jy¿-˛-{_m-“-W¿, £{Xn-b¿, sshiy¿,
iq{Z¿, Zkyp-°ƒ, tæ—¿ apX-em-bh
- s
- c√mw Ah3. CXv `mc-Xob Ncn-{X-Øn¬\n∂v sXfn-bp-∂p.
a\p-hn-\p-tijw injy-cmb `rKp. \mc-Z≥
apX-em-b-h¿ am\h [¿Ω-imkv{Xw ]cn-jv°-cn-®n´p-≠v. C∂sØ a\p-kvar-Xn-bn¬ ""CXn am\th [¿aimkvt{X `rKp-t{]m-‡mbmw kwln-Xm-bmav''
(`rKp t{]m‡-amb am\h [¿a-imkv{X kwln-Xbn¬) F∂p ImWp-∂p. `rKp-hn-\p-tijw G‰hpw
Ipd-™Xv c≠p-XhWsb-¶nepw a\-kvarXn ]cnjvIc
- n-°s
- ∏-ń-´p-≠v. Cu ]cn-jvI¿Øm-°f
- psS
t]cpw A⁄m-X-am-Wv. Cu kvarXn-bn¬ cmP[¿Ωw am{Xta {]h-Nn-®n-´p-≈q. CXn∂pw e`y-amWv. ]m›m-Xycpw Ah-cpsS A\p-Km-an-Ifpw a\pkvar-Xn-bpsS Ime-L´w {In.-]n. aq∂mw \q‰m-s≠∂p
KWn-°p-∂Xv Cu {]£n]vX t«mI-ßsf B[m-cam-°n-bmWv. CXv `mc-Xob CXn-lm-k-Øn\p
hncp-≤a
- m-Wv.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Bcym-h-cvØob aX JWvU\ aWvU\w
\-h\p tbmPn® hnZybpw, kz`m-h-kw-_-‘nbmb in£-Wh
- pw, hnZym-`ym-khpw {Kln-®p-sIm≈-Ww.
bp[n- j v T nc alm- c m- P m- h ns‚ cmP- k qb
b⁄-]-cy-¥hpw alm-`m-c-X bp≤w hscbpw
F√m-cm-Py-ßfpw Chn-SpsØ A[o-\-Øn-em-bncp-∂p. ssN\-bnse `K-Z-Ø≥, Ata-cn-°-bnse
_{`p-hm-l-\≥, bqtdm-∏nse hnUm-em-£≥
AYhm ]q®-°-Æ≥, bh-\-s\∂p ]d-b-s∏´
bq\m≥, Cdm-\nse iey¿ apX-emb cmPm-°∑m-sc√mw cmP-kqb b⁄-Ønepw alm-`m-c-Xbp-≤-Ønepw B⁄m-\p-k-cWw ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp∂p. cLp-hw-i°
- m¿ `cn®p h∂-t∏mƒ cmh-W≥
Chn-SpsØ A[o-\-X-bn-embn cp∂p. {iocm-as‚
ImeØv hncp-≤-ambn {]h¿Øn-®-Xn\v in£
\¬In cmPyw Iog-S°n hnò-j-Ws\ cmPm-hm°n-b-Xm-Wv.
A[x-]-X\ ImcWw
kzbw-`ph cmPmhp apX¬ ]mWvU-h¿ hsc
Bcy-∑m-cpsS km{amPyw \ne-\n-∂p. AXn-\ptijw ]c-kv]-c-hn-tcm-[-Øm¬ t]mcmSn \in®p. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬, ]c-am-flm-hns‚ Cu
krjvSn-bn¬ Zpc-`n-am-\n-Ifpw A\ym-b-°mcpw
Ahn-Zzm-∑m-cp-am-b-h-cpsS cmPyw \o≠p-\n¬°pI-bn-√. hf-sc-b-[nIw [\w Bh-iy-Øn-\p-]-cnbmbn ssIhiw h∂p tN¿∂m¬ aSn-bpw, ]pcpjm¿∞ cmln-Xyhpw Cu¿jybpw tZzjhpw
hnj-bm-k-‡nbpw {]am-Zhpw h¿≤n-°p-sa-∂Xv
{]Ir-Xn-\n-b-a-am-Wv. 4 CXp-sIm≠v cmPy-Øn¬
]Sn∏pw k’z-`m-hhpw \jvS-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Zp¿KpWhpw Zpxkz-`m-hhpw h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
aZy-]m-\w, amwkm-lm-cw, ssii-h-hn-hm-lw,
X∂n- j v S - { ]- I mcw {]h¿Øn- ° ¬ apX- e mb
tZmj-ßfpw h¿≤n-°pw.
AXp-t]m-se, bp≤-hn-`m-K-Øn¬, bp≤-X{-- ¥Iu-i-ehpw ssk\y-Øns‚ A{]-Xn-tcm-[y-amb
i‡nbpw h¿≤n®v temI-Øn¬ AP-øa
- m-bn-Øocp-tºmƒ, Ah-cn¬ ]£-]m-Xhpw Zpc-`n-am-\hpw
hf¿∂v A\ymbw h¿≤n-°pw. Cu tZmjw h∂pIq-Sp-tºmƒ XΩn¬ hntcm[w D≠m-bnt´m, at‰4. tem`mXv ]cn-{K-lw, ]cn-{K-lm-XvKu-c-a-hav,
Kuc-hmXv Be-kyav, Be-kymZv tXtPmf ¥¿Zt[
(]m-cm-ic
- ob tPymXnj kwln-Xbv°p `t´m-Xv]e
- ≥
cNn® lrZvkw-ln-Xm-So-I-bn¬ D≤r-Xw.
Nc-I-kw-lnX hnam-\-ÿm-\w-˛33)
sX- ¶ nepw c≠mwInS Ipe- Ø n¬ \n∂v
FXn¿°m≥ Icp-Ø-\m-b-bmƒ sh√p-hn-fn®v
tXmev]n-®nt´m \miw h∂p-Iq-Spw. apk¬am-∑mcpsS ImeØv inh-Pn-bpw, tKmhn-µ-knw-l\pw
Cßs\ FXn¿Øv ap…nw cmPyw On∂-`n-∂-am°n-b-Xm-Wv.
Nne {]mNo\ Bcy-N-{I-h¿Øn-am¿
AY Inta- s sXcv h m ]tcft\y alm- [ \pcv[c ›{I hcvØn\x tINnXv kpZypav\
`qcn-Zyp-avt\-{µ-Zypav\ Iph-ebmizhZvbu-h\m
iz{[y izmiz-]Xn ii-_nµp lcn-›-{µm-av_coj \\‡p icymXn bmXy-X-c-Wym-£-tk\m-Zbx. AY acp-Ø-`-cX{]`r-Xtbm cmPm\x
(ssa-{Xyp-]-\n-jØv. 1. 4.)
CXymZn {]am-Wß
- f
- n¬ \n∂v, krjvSn apX¬
alm-`m-c-X-Imew htc-bv°pw Bcy-Ip-e-Øn¬
\n∂p am{Xta k{am-´p-Iƒ D≠m-bn-´p≈q F∂p
kn≤n-°p-∂p. Ct∏m-ƒ Ch-cpsS k¥m-\-ßƒ
\n¿`m-Ky-h-im¬ cmPy{`jvScpw hntZ-in-Iƒ°p
Iogvs∏-´-hcpw Bbn-cn-°p-∂p. kpZyp-av\≥, `qcnZyp-av\≥, C{µ-Zyp-av\≥, Iph-e-bm-iz≥, buh-\miz≥ (h-{≤y-iz≥) Aiz-]-Xn, ii-_n-µp, lcn›-{µ≥, Aw_-co-j≥, \\-‡p, icym-Xn, bbmXn, A\-c-Wy≥, A£-tk-\≥, acpØv F∂nhcpw `c-X\pw km¿h-ù-a¿-˛-k¿h-tem-I-{]-kn≤-cmb N{I-h¿Øn-am¿˛ Bbn-cp-s∂∂v tcJs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈-Xp-t]mse kzmbw-`q-hmZn N{Ih¿Øn-am-cpsS t]cp-Iƒ a\p-kvar-Xn, alm-`mcXw apX-emb {KŸ-ß-fn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
CsX√mw sI´p- I - Y - I - f m- s W∂v ]d- b p- ∂ Xv
A⁄m-\n-IfpsSbpw ]£-]m-Xa
- p-≈h
- c
- p-sSbpw
]Wn-bm-Wv.
Bt·-bm-kv{Xhpw a‰pw
tNmZyw:˛ Bt·-bmkv{Xw apX-emb hnZyI-sf-∏‰n Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv kXy-amtWm?
A°m-eØv ]oc-¶nbpw tXm°pw a‰pw D≠mbn-cpt∂m?
DØcw:˛ kXy-am-Wv, Cu Bbp-[-ßfpw
D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]Zm¿Y-hn-Zy-sIm≠v Ch-sb√mw
km[n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ Ch tZh-X-I-fpsS a{¥-kn≤n
Bbn-cpt∂m?
DØcw:˛A√. Akv{X-ik
- v{X-ßƒ kn≤n-°p∂-Xn\v "a{¥'ßƒ thWw. hnNmcw AYhm a\-
210
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
\-amWv a{¥-ßƒ. a\-\-Øm-em-Wv, Ah kn≤n®n-cp-∂Xpw {]tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-Xpw. a{¥w shdpw
i_vZ-a-b-am-Wv. AXn¬\n∂v {Zhyw D≠m-hp-Ibn-√. a{¥w P]n-®m¬ A·n-bp-≠m-Ip-sa∂v ]dbp∂ ]£w a{¥w P]n-°p-∂-bm-fns‚ lrZbhpw \m°pw `kva-am-I-W-a-t√m. i{Xp-hns\
sIm√m≥ ]pd-s∏´v Xm≥ Xs∂ acn-°pI! a{¥sa-∂m¬ hnNm-c-am-Wv. cmPm-hns‚ a{¥n-sb-∂Xn\v cmP-I¿a-ß-fpsS hnNm-cn-∏p-Im-c≥ F∂p
]d-bp-∂p. AXp-t]mse a{¥w AYhm hnNm-cØm¬ krjvSn-bp-sS-sb√mw ]Zm¿Y-ß-sf-∏-‰nbp≈ ⁄m\w BZy-ambpw ]n∂oSv {Inb-bn¬
\n∂v At\-I-{]-Im-c-Øn-ep≈ ]Zm¿∞-ßfpw
{Inbm-Iu-i-e-ßfpw DXv]-∂-am-Ip-∂p. temlw
sIm≠v _mWtam tKmftam D≠m°n AXn¬
Xo sImfpØn-bm¬ hmbp-hn¬ ]pI ]c-°-Ø°-tXm, kqcy-In-c-Wtam hmbpthm Gev°ptºmƒ IØn-Pz-en-°p-Itbm sNø-Ø-°-h-Æap≈ hkvXp-°ƒ sh®n-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ t]cmWv
Bt·-bm-kv{Xw. CXns\ XS-b-W-sa-¶n¬ hmcpWmkv{Xw {]tbm-Kn-°-Ww. AXm-b-Xv, i{Xp
i{Xp-ssk-\ysØ Bt·-bmkv{Xw {]tbm-Kn®v
\in-∏n-°m≥ {ian-®m¬, Xs‚ ssk\y-Øns‚
c£- b v ° mbn tk\m- ] Xn hmcp- W mkv { Xw
{]tbm-Kn®v Bt·-bm-kv{XsØ \nhm-cWw
sNø-Ww. Bt·-bm-kv{X-Øn¬ \n∂p ]pd-s∏Sp∂ [qaw hmbp-kv]¿i-ta-‰m-ep-St\ Pe-ambn
cq]m-¥-c-s∏´v A·n ian-°-Ø° hkvXp-°ƒ
CXn- \ p- ] - t bm- K n- ° - W w.
AXp- t ]mse
\mKmkv{Xw (\m-K-]m-iw) i{Xp-°-fn¬ {]tbmKn-®m-ep-St\ Ah¿ Ne-\-ti-jn-bn-√m-sX, sIńbn-´-h-tc-t∏m-se-bm-Ipw. taml-\m-kv{Xhpw CXpt]mse {]tbm-Kn-®m-ep-St\ i{Xp-°sf aq¿—nX-cm°n Dd-°-Ø-°-hÆw amZ-I{Zhyßƒ \nd®-Xm-Wv. Cß-s\-bmWv Akv{X-i-kv{X-ßfpw
D≠m- b n- c p- ∂ - X v . Iºn- s Imt≠m IÆm- S nsImt≠m as‰-s¥-¶nepw sImt≠m sshZypXn
D≠m°n i{Xp-\miw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. AXn\p
Bt·-bm-kv{X-sa∂p ]mip-]-Xm-kv{X-sa∂pw
]d-™n-cp-∂p.tXm-°v, ]oc¶n F∂o t]cp-Iƒ hntZ-i-`mj-I-fn-te-Xm-W v. kwkvIr-X -Ø n-t etXm a‰v
Bcym-h¿Øob `mj-If
- n-tetXm A√. F∂m¬
hntZ- i n- I ƒ ]oc¶n F∂p ]d- b p- ∂ - X n\v
kwkvIr-X\
- m-aw, iXLv\n F∂m-Wv. tXm°n\v
`pipWvUn F∂p ]d-bpw. kwkvIr Xw Adn-
bm-Ø-h¿ {à-Øn¬ s]´v H∂n\v as‰m-s∂-gpXp-Ibpw Fs¥m-s°tbm ]pe-ºp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. CsXm∂pw _p≤n-am-∑m¿°v {]am-W-ambn
kzoI-cn-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√.
IqSmsX temI-Øn¬ Fs¥√mw hnZy-Iƒ
{]N- c n- ® n- ´ pt≠m Ah- s b√mw Bcym- h ¿ØØn¬ \n∂v CuPn-]v‰p-Im-cpw 5 Ah-cn¬ \n∂v
{Ko°p-Imcpw Ah-cn¬ \n∂v tdmam-°mcpw Ahcn¬ \n∂v bqtdm-∏p-Imcpw Ah-cn¬ \n∂v Atacn° apX-emb tZi-°mcpw sIm≠p-t]m-bX
- mWvv.
Ct∏mƒ hsc kwkvIr-X-Øn-\p-≈{X {]Nmcw
a‰p tZi-ß-fn-en-√. P¿a-\n-bn¬˛kwkvIr-XØn\p henb {]Nm-c-ap-s≠∂pw tam£-aq-e¿ 6
kmbn∏v ]Tn-®-{Xbpw kwkvIrXw Bcpw ]Tn®n-ń-s√∂pw ]d-bp-∂Xv shdpw ]d-®n¬ am{Xam-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬-˛-b-kvan≥ tZti {Zptam
\mkvXn-X-ss{X-cWvtUmf ]n-{Zp-am-b-tX-˛-hr-£an-√m-Øn-SØv Bh-W°pw alm-hr-£w 7 F∂p≠t√m? AXp-t]mse kwkvIr-Xh
- n-Zym-`ym-kta
C√mØ P¿Ω-\n-bn¬ tam£-aq-e¿ kmbv]v
Ipd®p ]Tn-®-Xp-Xs∂ Ahn-tS-bv°-[n-I-∏-‰m-Wv.
Bcym-h¿Ø-hp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ
AXp hfsc Ipd-hm-Wv. kwkvIr-X-Øn¬ FgpXnb IØns‚ A¿Yw {Kln-°p-hm≥ t]mepw
Ign-hp-≈-h¿ P¿a-\n-bn¬ Xptemw hnc-f-amsW∂v Xt±-io-b-\mb Hcp {]n≥kn-∏-ens‚
IØn¬ \n∂v Rm≥ Adn™n´p≠v. tam£-aqe¿ kmbv ] ns‚ kwkv I r- X - k m- l n- X yhpw
8
kzev]w thZ-hym-Jy-\hpw I≠-Xn¬ \n∂v
F\n°v a\- n-em-Xv, Bcym-h¿Øo-b-cmb BfpIƒ FgpXnb Ipdn-∏p-I-fn¬ Aßnßp t\m°n
AXp-anXpw Fgp-XpI am{Xta tam£-aq-e¿
kmbv]v sNbvXn-´p-s≈-∂-Xm-Wv. DZm-l-c-WØn\v ""bpRvPp¥n {_[-\-a-cpjw Nc¥w ]cnX-ÿpjx tcmNt¥ tcmN\m Znhn'' 9 F∂Xnse {_[\w F∂ ]Z-Øn\p Ipd®p F∂m-
211
5. blq-Z-∑m-cpsS aqe D]-tZ-jvSm-°ƒ
CuPn-]vXn¬\n∂v sIm≠p-t]m-bn F∂v
]WvUn‰v `K-h-±-Øv.
6. amIvkvayq-e¿ F∂-Xns‚ kwkvIrXw EtKz-Z`m-jym-cw-`-Øn¬ amIvkvayq-e¿ Xs∂tam-£-aq-ecx F∂v Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v.
7. aq°n-√m-cm-PyØv apdn-ap-°≥ cmPm-hv.
8. amIvkvayq-e-cpsS “History of Ancient Sanskrit
Literature Bbn-cn-°-Ww.
9. EtKzZw 1.6.1.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
W¿Yw Ipdn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. kmb-Wm-Nm-cy≥
kqcy≥ F∂v A¿Yw ]d- ™ n- c n- ° p- ∂ Xv
CXns\ At]-£n®v \√-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ icnbmb A¿Yw Cuiz-c≥ F∂m-Wv. Fs‚ EtKzZm-Zn-`m-jy-`q-an-I 10bn¬ t\m°p-I. icn-bmb
A¿Yw AXn-se-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. AXn¬ \n∂v P¿a\n- b n- t ebpw tam£- a q- e ¿ kmbv ∏ n- s ‚bpw
kwkvIr-X-]m-WvUnXyw F{X-sb∂p a\- n-emIpw.
temI- Ø n¬ hym]n- ® n- ´ p≈ aX- ß fpw
Adnhpw F√mw Bcym-h¿Ø tZiØp \n∂p
{]N-cn-∏n-®n-´p-≈Xp Xs∂-bm-Wv. Pt°m-embv‰v
kmbv∏v F∂ ]mc-kn-I≥ AYhm {^©p-Imc≥ Xs‚ ""ss__nƒ C≥ C≥Uy'' F∂
]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xp-∂Xp t\m°p-I. icnbmb A¿Yw AXn-se-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. AXn¬
\n∂v P¿a-\n-bn-tebpw tam£-aq-e¿ kmbv∏ns‚bpw kwkvIr-X-]m-WvUnXyw F{X-sb∂p
a\- n-em-Ipw.
temI- Ø n¬ hym]n- ® n- ´ p≈ aX- ß fpw
Adnhpw F√mw Bcym-h¿Ø tZiØp \n∂p
{]N-cn-∏n®p Xs∂-bm-Wv. Pt°m-embv‰v kmbv∏v
F∂ ]mc-kn-I≥ AYhm {^©p-Im-c≥ Xs‚
""ss__nƒ C≥ C≥Uy'' F∂ ]pkvX-IØn¬ Fgp-Xp-∂Xp t\m°pI:˛ ""F√m Adnhn-s‚bpw \∑-I-fp-sSbpw `WvUmcw Bcymh¿Ø tZi-amWv F√m hnZy-Ifpw aXhpw Cu
tZi-Øn¬ \n∂mWv {]N-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. F∂n´v
Cuiz-c-t\mSp {]m¿∞n-°p∂p:˛ ""k¿th-izcm!
]q¿h-Im-eØv Bcym-h¿Ø tZi-Øn-\p-≠mbn-cp∂ D∂Xn Fs‚ \mSn\pw ssIh-cp-Ønbmepw'' B {KŸw t\m°p-I.
Zmcm-in-tImlv
Zmcm-in-tImlv F∂ cmPmhpw kwkvIrX
`mj-bn-ep-≈X
- p-t]mse kºq¿W-hnZy thsdmcp
`mj-bp-an-s√∂v Xocp-am-\n-®p. Aßs\ At±lw
D]-\n-j-Øns‚ X¿÷n-a-bn¬ 11 Fgp-Xp-∂p.
Rm≥ Ad_n XpS-ßnb hfsc `mj-Iƒ ]Tn®p. F∂m¬ Fs‚ a\- n¬ B\-µtam kwi-
b-\n-hr-Øntbm D≠m-bn-√. kwkvIrXw t\m°pIbpw tIƒ°p-Ibpw sNbvX-t∏m-gmWv ]c-am\µw D≠m-b-Xv.
tPymXn-»mkv{Xw
Imin-bnse \£-{X-_w-•m-hn¬ D≈ inipam-c-N{Iw t\m°p-I, th≠-hÆw kwc-£n-°p∂n-s√-¶nepw C∂pw AXn¬ \n∂v tPymXn»mkv{X kw_-‘n-bmb Fs¥√mw hnh-c-ßfmWv e`n-°p-∂Xv! Pb-]q¿ cmPmhv AXv
\∂m°n kwc-£n-®m¬ \∂-bm-cn-°pw. 12
alm-`m-c-X-bp≤w F∂ hn\
alm-`m-c-X-bp-≤-tØm-Sp-IqSn Cßs\ kIe-tZ-i-ßƒ°pw intcm-a-Wn-bm-bn-cp∂ Cu tZiØn\v t\cn´ XI¿®-bn¬\n∂v C∂p-ht- cbv°pw
tamN\w e`n-®n-ń-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ ktlm-Z-c≥
sIm∂p XpS-ßn-bm¬ \mi-ap-≠m-Ip-sa-∂-Xn-se¥mWp kwibw?
hn\m-i-Imte hn]-co-X-_p-≤n 13 F∂-sXmcp
Ihn-hm-Iy-am-Wv. \mi-ap-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ _p≤n
hn]- c o- X - a m- b n- Ø o¿∂v hn]- c o- X - I m- c y- ß ƒ
sNbvXp--Xp-S-ßp-∂p. Bsc-¶nepw t\¿hgn D]tZ-in-®m¬ sX‰n-≤-cn-°p-Ibpw A]-I-S-hgn D]tZ-in-®m¬ icn-bm-sW∂p [cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
alm-hn-Zzm-∑m¿, 14 cmPm-°-∑m¿, alm-cm-Pm°-∑m¿, Ejn al¿jn-am¿ F∂n-h-sc√mw alm-
10. thZ-]-cy-S\w F∂v ae-bmf \maw. t]Pv 208-˛209
H∂mw-]-Xn∏v sshZn-I-km-ln-Xy-]-cn-j-Øns‚
{]Im-i-\w.
11. Zmcm-in-tIm-lns‚ D]-\n-jZv X¿÷a ]mgvkn
`mj-bn-em-Wv. AXns‚ t]cv kntc AIv_¿
(h≥ cl-kyw) F∂m-Wv.
212
12. Pb-]q¿ cmPm-hm-bn-cp∂ khm-bvam-\-knw-l-\mWv
Imin, Dss÷-\n, Z¬ln F∂n-h-S-ß-fn¬ \£-{X_w-•m-hp-Iƒ ]Wn-I-gn-∏n-®-Xv. Z¬ln-bnse
\£-{X-_w-•m-hn\v P¥¿ a¥n¿ F∂p-]-d-bp-∂p.
13. NmW-Iy-\oXn 16.5
14. `cZzmP-]p-{X-\m-Ib
- m¬ `c-ZzmP-s\∂pw t]cp-≠v.
A¿Y-imkv{Xw Iev]-kq{Xw F∂n-h-bpsS
cN-bn-Xmhv Ct±-l-am-Wv. ò£va¿, IuW-]-Z-¥≥
F∂n-hcpw thZ-]m-cw-KX
- cpw A¿Y-im-kv{X-{]-h‡
- m°fpw Bbn-cp-∂p. Ir]m-Nm-cy≥ KuX-a-a-l¿jnbpsS ]n≥ap-d-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p.
15. Ime- { I- t aW C√m- s Xbmsb∂p Xmev ] - c yw.
alm-`m-cX
- bp-≤-Øn-\p-tijw iu\-Im-Zn-I-fpsS ]c-ºc 200
h¿jw \ne-\n-∂p. ho≠pw 400 h¿j-°mew Ejnam-cpsS Ime-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw cmPy-hy-hÿ Xmdpam-dm-b-Xn-\m¬ \jvS-s∏´ {]Xm]w hnZym-cw-KØpw
hos≠-Sp-°m-\m-bn-√. thZ-hnZy tem]n®p a‰p
imkv{X-ß-fpsS ]T-\-]m-T-\-ßfpw {ItaW tem]n®p. hnj-bm-k-‡-cmb cmPm-°-∑m¿, irwKm-c-{]-[m\-amb Imhy-{K-Ÿ-ßƒ cNn-∏n-®p. Ah-bpsS A`yk\w \nanØw cmjv{S-Øn\v henb lm\n-I-fp-≠mbn. AXn∂pw XpS-cp-∂p.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
`m- c - X - b p- ≤ - Ø n¬ h[n- ° - s ∏- S p- I bpw acn°pIbpw 15 sNbvXp. At∏mƒ hnZybpw thtZm‡-I¿a[¿a {]Nm-chpw \jvS-s∏-´p. Cu¿jy,
tZzjw, Zpc-`n-am\w F∂nh ]c-kv]cw {]I-Sn∏n-°m≥ XpS-ßn. Iøq-°p-≈-h≥ Imcy-°m-c-\mbn. Bcym-h¿Øw Nn∂-`n-∂-ambn sNdp-cm-Py-ßfm-bn. Cu Ah-ÿ-bn¬ Zzo]m-¥-c-ß-fnse `cW-hy-hÿ Bcp \S-∏n-em-°m≥?
{_m“-W¿ hnZym-lo-\-cm-b-t∏mƒ £{Xnb
sshiy-iq-{Z-∑m-cpsS IY-sb-¥m-hm-\mWv? A¿Yk-lnXw thZ-ßƒ ]Tn-°p∂ k{º-Zmbw C√mXm-bn. 16 \nXy-hr-Øn-°p-th≠n a{¥w sNm√¬
am{Xw \ne-\n¿Øn. AXp-t]mepw £{Xn-btcbpw a‰pw ]Tn-∏n-°m-Xm-bn. Ahn-Zzm-∑m-cm-bh¿ Kpcp-°-∑m-cm-b-t∏mƒ hymPw, Im]-Syw,
A[¿aw F∂n-hbpw Ah-cn¬ \n∂v s]cp-In-h∂p. {_m“-W¿ kz¥w \nXy-hr-Øn°v G¿∏mSp-≠m-°-W-sa∂v Btem-Nn-®p-d-®p. k¿h-k-ΩX-ambn Xocp-am-\n® {]Imcw Ah¿ ""Rßƒ
\nß-fpsS kw]qPy tZh-∑m-cm-sW∂v'' £{Xnbm-Zn-Isf D]-tZ-in®p ]Tn-∏n-®p. Rßsf ]qPn°msX kz¿Ktam ap‡ntbm e`n-°n-s√∂pw
Aßs\ sNøm-Ø-h¿ tLmc-\-c-I-Øn¬ ]Xn°p-sa∂pw ]Tn-∏n-®p. ]q¿W-hn-Zzm-∑-mcpw [m¿anI-cp-am-b-h¿°p \evIn-bn-cp∂ {_m“-W≥, ]qP\o-b≥ apX-emb thZ-˛-E-jn-t{]m-‡-amb t]cpIƒ aqV-cpw, hnj-bm-k‡
- c
- pw eº-S∑
- m-cpw, I]Scpw A[¿an- I - f p- a m- b - h ¿ Gs‰- S p- Ø p. B
B]vX-hn-Zzm-∑m-cpsS e£-W-ßƒ Cu aqVmflm-°ƒ°v Fß-s\-bmWp tNcpI? F∂m¬,
£{Xn-bm-Zn-I-fmb bP-am-\-∑m¿ kwkvIr-X-hnZy-bn¬ Xo¿Øpw A⁄-cm-bXp \nanØw C°q´¿ ]d™ t]mg-Ø-ß-sf√mw icn-bm-sW-∂h¿ hniz-kn-®p. Aßs\ Cu \ma-am-{X-{_m-“W¿ hmWp hne-kn. F√m-h-scbpw hmKvPm-eØm¬ ]mń-em-°n. {_“-hmIyw P\mcvZ\x 17
AXm- b Xv {_m“- W - a p- J - Ø p- \ n∂p hcp∂
hmIyw km£m¬ `K-hms‚ Acp-f∏
- m-Sm-sW∂p
hnNm-cn-°W
- w. F∂-h¿ ]d-™p-Xp-Sß
- n. £{Xn16. kXy-bpKw apX¬ alm-`m-c-X-Imew hsc
thZm¿Y-Øns‚ ]c-ºc Ahn-—n-∂-ambn XpS¿∂p
t]m∂p. bmkvIs‚ ImeØv `mc-Xob hnZzm-∑m¿°nS-bn¬ thZm¿Y-tØ-∏‰n kwibw \ne-\n-∂n-cps∂∂ bqtdm-]y≥ ]WvUn-X-∑m-cpsS hmZw Ncn-{Xhn-cp-≤-amWv F∂v ]WvUnXv `K-h-±-Øv.
17. ]mWvU-h-Ko-X-bn¬\n∂v
bm-Zn-h¿W-ßƒ _‘n-X-cmb A‘¿ AYhm
AI-°Æ
- p-s]m-ń-bh
- cpw [\-]u-jvIe
- y-ap-≈h
- ¿
Bhp- I bpw {_m“W injy- ∑ m- c m- h p- I bpw
sNbvX-t∏mƒ {_m“-W-\m-a-[m-cn-Iƒ°v hnjbm-\-µ-Øns‚ ]q¶m-h\w e`n-®p. temI-Øn¬
Fs¥√mw \√- X pt≠m AsX√mw {_m“W¿°p-≈X
- m-sW∂pw Ch¿ ]d-™p-]c
- Ø
- n. 18.
KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ß-fn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-am-bn-cp∂
{_m“-WmZn h¿W-hy-hÿ \in-∏n®v P\m-[njvTn-X-am-°n. ac-W-]-cy¥w hsc-bp≈ Zm\w
Bcm-[-I-cn¬ \n∂p hmßp-hm\pw XpS-ßn.
tXm∂pw-]Sn tXm∂n-bXp sNøp-hm\pw Rßƒ
`qtZ-h-∑m-cm-sW-∂pw, Rßsf tkhn-°m-Øh¿°v kz¿K-temIw e`n-°-bn-s√∂p ]d-bphm\pw IqSn Ch¿ Bcw-`n-®p. \nßƒ GXp
temI-Øp-t]m-Ip-sa∂v Ch-tcmSp tNmZn-°-Ww.
tLmc-\-cIw In´-Ø° {]hr-Øn-bmWv \nßƒ
sNøp-∂-sX-∂pw, Iran-IoS ]Xw-Km-Zn-I-fn¬
sN∂p P\n-°p-sa∂pw ]d-™m¬ Ch¿ {Ip≤cm-Ipw. F∂n´p ]dbpw:˛ ""Rßƒ i]n-°pw.
\nßƒ \in-°pw. {_“-t{Zmlo hn\-iyXn
F∂v {]am-W-ap-≠v. {_m“-W-t{Zmlw sNøp∂-h¿ apSn-™p-t]mIpw'' Imcyw icn-bm-Wv,
]q¿Æ-th-Zß
- fpw ]c-am-flm-hn-t\bpw Adn-bp∂
[¿am-flmhpw k¿h-tem-tIm-]I
- m-cn-bp-amb Bfnt\mSv tZzjw Im´p-∂-h≥ \n›-b-ambpw apSnbpw. ]t£ {_m“-W-\-√m-Ø-hs\ {_m“-Ws\∂p hnfn-°p-Itbm ]qPn-°p-Itbm sNøp∂Xv DNn-X-a-√.
t]m∏v
tNmZyw:˛ ]ns∂ Rß-fm-cm-Wv.
DØcw:˛ \nß-fmWv t]m∏v
tNmZyw:˛ t]ms∏-∂m-em-cmWv?
DØcw:˛ CXns‚ A¿Yw tdma≥ `mj-bn¬
]nXm-hv, hen-b-h≥ Fs∂-√m-am-Wv. F∂m¬
Chn-sS, NXnhpw Im]-Syhpw sIm≠v A\ysc
h©n®v X∂njv S w km[n- ° p- ∂ - h - s c- b mWv
t]m∏v F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
tNmZyw:˛ Rßƒ {_m“-W-∑m¿ km[p°ƒ Rß-fpsS A—≥ {_m“-W≥, AΩ
213
18. kcvhwkzw {_m“-Wt- ky-Zw-bXv In©n⁄
KXo KXav.
(a-\p-kvarXn 1˛100 CXp {]£n-]vX-t«m-I-am-Wv)
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
{_m“Wn, Rßƒ C∂ km[p-hns‚ injycp-am-Wv.
DØcw:˛ Imcyw icn- b m- W v . F∂m¬
tIƒ°q ktlm-Zcm! amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ {_m“W-cm-b-Xp-sIm-t≠m, km[p-hns‚ injy-cm-b-XpsImt≠m Bcpw {_m“-Wtcm km[p-°tfm
BIp-∂n-√. Ah-c-h-cpsS DØ-a-amb KpW-I¿akz- ` m- h - ß - f mWv {_m“- W t\m km[pthm
B°p-∂-Xv. Abmƒ ]tcm-]-Im-cn-bp-am-bn-cn-°Ww.
tdmanse t]m∏v
\nß-fpsS ]m]-ßƒ Fs‚ apºn¬ G‰p
]d- ™ m¬ Rm≥ £an- ° p- ∂ - X m- s W∂v
tdmanse t]m∏v Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-tfmSv ]dbm-dp-s≠∂v tIń-´p-≠v. \tΩ tkhn-°m-sXtbm
\ΩpsS A\p-hm-Z-an-√m-sXtbm B¿°pw kz¿§Øn¬ {]th-i-\-an-√. kz¿§-Øn¬ t]mIm≥
B{K-ln-°p-∂-h¿ F{X ]Ww \ΩpsS ASp°¬ G¬∏n-°ptam AXn\p X° km[\ kma{Kn-Iƒ Ah¿°n-hnsS In´pw. CXp-tI´v ""A‘cmb _‘n-X¿'' kz¿§-Øn¬ t]mIm≥ B{Kln®v t]m∏n\v btY-jvSw ]Ww \¬In-°-gn™m¬ t]m∏v tbip-hn-t‚bpw adn-b-Øn-t‚bpw
{]Xn-aI
- ƒ°p at[y \n∂v C\n Fgp-Xpw t]mse
Hcp lp≠nI Fgp-Xn-s°m-Sp-°pw. ""]cn-ip≤
\ma-Øm¬ hmgvØ-s∏´ Cutim-an-in-lmtb!
C∂-bmƒ \ns‚ \ma-Øn¬ kz¿§-Øn¬ hcphm-\mbn e£w cq]m Fs‚ ]°¬ AS-®n-´p≠v. Ch≥ kz¿§-Ønse-Øp-tºmƒ \o \ns‚
]nXm-hns‚ kz¿K-cm-Py-Øn¬ Ccp-]-Ø-ømbncw cq]bv°v hoSpw ]d-ºpw, Ccp-]-Ø-ømbn-c-Øn\v hm-l-\w, \mbm´p kma-{Kn-Iƒ,
`rXy≥ F∂n-h-bpw, Ccp-]-Ø-øm-bn-c-Øn\v
`£Ww hkv{Xw apX-em-b-h-bpw, Ccp-]-Øøm-bn-c-Øn\v kz¥-°m¿°pw _‘p-an-{Xm-ZnIƒ°pw sNe-hn-\p≈ hIbpw sImSp-∏n-°pam-dm-IWw''. lp≠n-Ib
- n¬ t]m∏v H∏n-´v sImSpØn´v ]dbpw ""CXv \ns‚ ac-W-k-a-bØv I√d-bn¬ Xebv°p Xmsg hbv°m≥ _‘p-an{Xm-Zn-It- fmSv ]d-bW
- w. ]n∂oSv \ns∂ sIm≠pt]m- I m≥ hcp∂ amem- J - a m¿ \ns∂bpw
lp≠n-It- bbpw kz¿§-Øn-te°p sIm≠p-t]mbn. Fgp-Xn-b-]Sn th≠-sXm-s°bpw sNbvXpX-cpw.''
t\m°q! kz¿§--Øns‚ IpØI t]m∏v Gs‰Sp-Øn-cn-°p-s∂-∂p-tXm-∂p-∂p. bqtdm-∏n¬
auVyw D≠m-bn-cp-∂-{Xbpw Imew t]m∏ns‚
Ifn-Iƒ \S∂p-h-∂p. Ct∏mƒ Adn-hp-]-c°m≥ XpS-ßn-b-tXm-Sp-IqSn t]m∏ns‚ I≈°-fn-Iƒ hf-sc-sbm∂pw \S-°p-∂n-s√-¶nepw
thc-‰p-sh∂p ]d-™p-Iq-Sm.
Bcym-h¿Ø-Ønse t]m∏p-Iƒ
CXp-t]mse Bcym-h¿Ø-Ønepw t]m∏pIƒ e£-°W
- °
- n\v Ah-Xm-cß
- s
- f-SpØv cmPm°-∑m¿°pw P\-ßƒ°pw hnZym-`ymkw hne°p-I, \√-h-cp-ambn kwKaw A\p-h-Zn-°m-Xn-cn°p-I, cm]-I¬ I_-fn-∏n-°-e-√msX as‰m∂pw
sNøm-Xn-cn-°pI XpS-ßnb eoe-Iƒ BSp-∂p≠v. NXn-hv, Im]Syw apX-emb Ip’n-X-hr-ØnIƒ sNøp-∂-h-cpsS t]cmWv t]m∏v, F∂Xv
kvac-W-bn-ep-≠m-I-Ww. Ah-cn¬ [m¿an-Icpw
hnZzm-∑mcpw ]tcm-]-Im-cn-I-fp-am-b-h-cp-s≠-¶n¬
Ah¿ {_m“-Wcpw km[p-°-fp-am-Wv. Im]-Syhpw, NXn-hpw, kzm¿Yhpw sIm≠v a‰p-≈-hsc
sIm≈- b - S n®v X≥Imcyw t\Sp- ∂ - h sc∂p
thWw t]m∏v F∂ ]Z-Øn\v A¿Yw {Klnt°-≠X
- v. {_m“-W≥, km[p F∂o ]Z-ßƒ°v
DØ-a-a-\p-jy≥ F∂pw A¿Yw {Kln-°-Ww.
t\m°q! DØ-a-{_m-“-Wcpw km[p-°fpw
Cs√-¶n¬ thZmZn kXy-im-kv{X-ß-fpsS kzck- l n- X - a p≈ A[ym- ] - \ w, ssP\, ap…ow,
{InkvXy≥ BZn-bm-b-h-cpsS he-bn¬ \n∂p
kwc- £ - W w, thZmZn kXy- i m- k v { X- ß - f n¬
Xmev]cyw, h¿Wm-{i-a-]m-e\w F∂nh Bcp
sNøpw? {_m“-W¿°pw km[p-°ƒ°p-a-√msX
CXn- \ m¿°v Ign- h p≠v ? hnjm- Z - ] y- a rXw
{Kmlyav 19 (a-\p) hnj-Øn¬ \n∂p-t]mepw
AarXw kzoI-cn-°p-∂Xp t]mse-bmWv t]m∏peo-e-Iƒ H´-[nIw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-´pw, Bcy-∑m¿
ssP\-a-X-ß-fn¬ \n∂v c£-s]´v \ne-\n¬°p∂Xv F∂v a\- n-em-°-Ww.
Bcm- [ - I ¿ hnZym- l o- \ - c m- I bpw Xßƒ
Aev]-kzev]w ]qPm-]m-Tm-Zn-Iƒ ]Tn®v K¿∆njvT-cmbn F√m-hcpw IqSn-bm-tem-Nn®v Xn´-s∏SpØn cmPm-hn-t\mSpw a‰pw {_m“-Wcpw km[p°fpw AZ-fiy-cmWv F∂pw a‰pw ]d™p
19. a\p-kvarXn 2˛239
20. alm-`mjyw 1.2.64
214
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
hniz- k n- ∏ n- ® p. t\m°q! "{_m“tWm \
l¥hyx 20km[pcv\-l-¥hyx' C{]-Im-c-ap≈
hN-\-ßƒ bYm¿Y {_m“-W-cp-tSbpw km[p°-fp-tSbpw Imcy-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂Xv t]m∏-∑m¿
Xß- t f- ∏ - ‰ n- b m- s W∂p hcp- Ø n- h - ® p. AXpt]mse, hymP-hN
- \
- ß
- ƒ Iqń-t®¿Øv {KŸ-ßfp-≠m°n Ejn-ap-\n-am-cpsS t]cn¬ {]N-cn-∏n-®n´p-ap-≠v. B {]ikvX Ejn-ap-\n-am-cpsS t]cp
]d™v Xßƒ°v e`n-t°≠ in£-I-f-S-ßnb
hyh-ÿ-I-sf√mw C√m-Xm-°n. ]n∂oSv CjvSw
t]mse {]h¿Øn-°m-\m-cw-`n-®p. t]m∏-∑m¿ ]dbm-sX, Dd-ßmt\m \nev°m-t\m, Ccn-°m-t\m,
t]mImt\m hcm-t\m, Xn∂mt\m IpSn-°mt\m
km[y-am-Im-Øh
- Æw ISpØ \nb-aß
- f
- p-≠m°n
\ne-hn¬ hcp-Øn. t]m-∏-∑m-cmb {_m“-W-˛-km[p-\m-a-[m-cn-Iƒ°pw CjvS-ap-≈-sX¥pw sNøm\pw, H∂n\pw in£- e - ` n- ° m- X n- c n- ° m- \ pw,
Ah¿°v in£ \evIp-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n Btem-Nn°p-∂-Xp-t]mepw ANn-¥y-am-I-Ø-°-h-Æhpw
cmPm-°-∑m-scs°m≠p Xocp-am-\-ß-sf-Sp-∏n-®p.
Cu auVyw D≠m-b-t∏mƒ t]m∏-∑m¿ C—n-®]Sn sNøm\pw sNøn-°m\pw XpS-ßn. Cu inYne- X - b psS XpS°w alm- ` m- c - X - b p- ≤ - Ø n\v
Bbncw h¿jw apºp-Xs∂ Bcw-`n-®n-cp-∂p.
A°m-eØv Ejn-ap-\n-am-cp-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw
Ipsd Ae-kX, {]am-Zw, Cu¿jy, tZzjw apXem-bh \mºn-ń-cp-∂p. AXv {ItaW ]S¿∂p-]¥-en-®p.
kXy-amb D]t-Ziw C√m-Xm-b-t∏mƒ Bcymh¿Ø- Ø n¬ AhnZy hym]n®v ]c- k v ] cw
Ielw XpS-ßn. Fs¥-∂m¬-˛-D-]-tZ-tiym-]-tZjvSr-XzmXv X’n≤nx CX-c-Ym‘ ]c-ºcm 21
F∂p kmwJyw. AXm-bXv DØ-tam-Ø-a-cmb
D]-tZ-jvSm-°ƒ hcp-tºmƒ icn-bm-b-co-Xn-bn¬
[¿aw A¿Yw Imaw tam£w F∂nh kn≤n°pw. DØ-tam-]-tZ-jvSm-°fpw t{imXm-°fpw
C√m-Xm-bm¬ At∏mƒ A‘-]-c-ºc ]nd-°pw.
]n∂oSv kXv]p-cp-j-∑m¿ P\n®v ktXym-]-tZiw
sNøp-tºmƒ A‘-]-c-ºc C√m-Xmbn {]Imi
]c-ºc ]nd-hn-sb-Sp-°pw.
B t]m∏-∑m¿ Xß-tfbpw Xß-fpsS ]mZß-tfbpw ]qPn-∏n-°p-hm≥ XpS-ßn. CXn-emWv
\nß-fpsS awK-fs
- a-∂h
- ¿ ]d-™p-Xp-Sß
- n. BfpIƒ Ch¿°p hiw-h-Z-cm-b-t∏mƒ Ch¿ sX‰pI-fnepw hnj-bm-k-‡n-bnepw \na-·-cm-hp-Ibpw
Bń≥]‰w CS- b - s \- s b∂hÆw Bfp- I ƒ
Chsc A\p-kc
- n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. hnZy, _ew,
_p≤n, ]cm-{I-aw, iucyw, hocyw apX-emb ip`Kp-W-sf√mw \jvS-am-bn. hnj-bm-k-‡-cm-bn,
amwk-a-Zy-tk-h\w tKm]y-ambn Bcw-`n-®p.
hma-am¿§w-˛-]© "a' Imcw
Ch-cn¬ Hcp-h≥ hma-am¿Kw ÿm]n-®p. inh
Dhm-N, ]m¿h-Xyp-hm-N. ss`ch DhmN F∂nßs\ ]e t]cp-Iƒ FgpXn X{¥-sa∂p t]cpw
sImSp- Ø p. AXn¬ FgpXn h®n- c n- ° p∂
hnNn{X eoe-IfpsS DZm-l-cWw t\m°q:˛
1. aZyw amwkwN ao\wN ap{Zm ssaYp\
tahN GtX ]©-a-Imcmx kyptamcv£Zm ln
bptK bptK 22
2. {]hr-tØ-ss`-choNt{I kcvth-hcvWm
ZznPm-Xbx \nhr-tØ-ss`-choNt{I kcvth
hcvWmx ]rYIv ]rYIv 23
3. ]oXzm ]oXzm ]p\x ]oXzm bmh-Xv]XXn `qXte ]p\- c p- ∞ mb ssh ]oXzm
]p\cvP∑ \ hnZy-tX 24
4. amXr-tbm\nw ]cn-XyPy hnl-tc-’cvhtbm-\njp.
5. thZ-im-kv{X-]p-cmWn kmam\y KWnIm
Ch GssIh imw`-ho-ap{Zm Kp]vXm Ipe-h[q-cn-h 25
1. Cu A¿°o-kp-Ifmb t]m∏-∑m-cpsS IfnIƒ t\m°p-I, henb A[¿Ω-ßfpw thZ-hncp-≤ß
- f
- mb {]hr-Øn-Is
- f-bmWv Cu hma-am¿KnIƒ t{ijvT-∑m-cmbn Icp-Xn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. aZyw,
amwkw, a’yw, ap{Z AYhm hnhn-[m-Ir-Xn-Ifn¬ hdp-Øp-≠m-°p∂ ]e-lm-c-ßfpw tbm\n]m-{X-[m-c-ap-{Z-bpw, ssaYp\w AYhm ]pcp-j∑m-sc√mw inh-∑mcpw kv{XoI-sf√mw ]m¿hXn-am-cp-am-sW∂p [cn®v Alw ss`c-hkvXzw
ss`cho lymh-tbm-ckvX kwKax 26 F∂
A¿Y-an-√mØ hN-\hpw sNm√n kv{Xo]p-cp-j-
215
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
kmwJy-Z¿i\w 3.79-˛81.
Imfo-X{¥w
Ipem¿W-h-X{¥w 8.96.
Ipem¿W-h-X{¥w 7.100
⁄m\-k-¶-e\n X{¥w
Rm≥ ss`c-h≥ \o ss`chn \man-cp-h¿
XΩn-em-Is´ kwK-aw.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
∑m¿ kwK-an-°pI F∂n-h-bn-sem∂p t]mepw
tZmj-am-sW∂v hma-am¿Kn-Iƒ hnNm-cn-®n-ń-√.
kv]¿in-°p-hm≥ t]mepw ]mSn-√mØ \oNkv{Xo-Isf Ch¿ AXn-]-cn-ip-≤Ifmbn KWn°p-∂p. DZm-lc
- W
- Ø
- n\v kv]¿in-°m≥ t]mepw
]mSn-s√∂v imkv{Xw hne-°p∂ cP-kz-e-Isf
hma-am¿Kn-Iƒ AXn-]-hn-{X-I-fmbn ImWp-∂p.
Ah- c psS hmbn¬ tXm∂nb tImX- ∏ m´v
tIƒ°pI
cP-kzem ]pjvIcw XocvYw NWvUm-eoXp
kzbw-Imin. Ncva-Imco {]bmKx, kym{Z-P-Ioa-Yp-cm-aXm Atbm[ym ]p°kn t{]m‡m 27
cP-kz-e-am-bp≈ kam-Kaw ]pjvIc kv\m\Xp-ey-am-Wv. NWvUmen kam-K-a-am-Is´ Iminbm-{X-bpw. ]d-®n-bp-am-bp≈ kam-Kaw {]bm-Kkv\m-\-hpw, cP-I-bp-am-bp≈ kam-Kaw aYpcm
bm{Xbpw Im´m- f - Ø n- b p- a m- b p≈ kam- K aw
Atbm[ym Xo¿∞-kv\m-\hpw t]mse-bm-Wv.
aZy- Ø n\v Xo¿Yw, amwk- Ø n\v ip≤n,
]pjv]w, a’y-Øn\v XrXo-b, Pe-Xpw-_n-I,
ap{Zbv°v NXp¿Yn, ssaYp-\Ø
- n\v ]©an F∂nßs\ a‰mcpw a\- n-em-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ th≠n
KqV-\m-a-ßfpw \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Iuf≥,
B¿{Z- h o- c ≥, imw`- h ≥, KWw apX- e mb
t]cpIƒ kzbw \evIn-bn-´p-ap-≠v. hma-am¿Kn-If-√m-Ø-hsc I≠-I≥, hnap-J≥, ipjvI, ]ip
Fs∂-√m-amWv hnfn-°p-∂-Xv.
2. ss`c-ho-N{Iw XpS-ßn-bm¬ AXn¬s]Sp∂ {_m“-W≥ apX¬ NWvUm-e≥ hsc ZznP\m-Wv. AXp-I-gn-™m¬ Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw Ah-ch-cpsS h¿W-ß-fn-te°p aSßp-∂p.
3. ss`cho N{I- Ø n¬ hma- a m¿Kn- I ƒ
\netØm ]e-I-tatem Hcp _nµp-hn´v Np‰pw
{XntIm-Ww, NXp-cw, hrØw F∂nh hc-bv°p∂p. AXn¬ I≈p-IpSw h®v AXp ]qPn-°p-∂p.
]ns∂ "{_“-im]w hntam-NY' F∂ a{¥w
sNm√p-∂p. It≈! \o {_“m-Zn-I-fpsS im]Øn¬ \n∂v ap‡-am-Iq. F∂¿∞w. hma-am¿KnI-f-√m-Ø-h¿°pw {]th-i-\-an-√mØ Hcp KqVÿ-eØv kv{Xo]p-cp-j∑
- m¿ HØp-Iq-Sp-∂p. ]pcpj-∑m¿ Hcp kv{Xosb \·-bm-°nbpw kv{XoIƒ
Hcp ]pcp-js\ \·-\m-°nbpw ]qPn-°p-∂p.
]n∂oSv Bcp-sS-sb-¶nepw `mcy-tbm, kz¥tam
A\ys‚tbm aItfm AΩtbm, s]ßtfm,
]p{X-`m-cytbm Bsc-¶n-ep-sa√mw h∂p tNcp-∂p.
F∂n´v Hcp ]m{X-Øn¬ aZyhpw as‰m-∂n¬ ]°m-hS apX-em-bh
- bpw FSp-Øp-hb
- v°p-∂p. AhcpsS BNm-cy≥ I≈p-]m{Xw FSp-Øp-b¿Øns°m≠v ss`c-thmlw inthmlw ˛Rm≥ ss`ch-\mWv inh\mWv F∂p ]d-™-sIm≠v IpSn°p-∂p. AtX F®n¬∏m-{X-Øn¬ Xs∂ F√mhcpw IpSn-°p-∂p. A\-¥cw BcpsSsb¶nepw
`mcy- t btbm GsX- ¶ nepw thiy- t btbm
As√¶n¬ ]pcp-j-t\tbm \·-am°n tZhn
AYhm alm-tZ-h≥ F∂p t]cn´v ssIbn¬
hmƒ sImSp-Øv, Kp]vtX-{µn-b-]qP \S-Øp-∂p.
]ns∂ tZhnt°m alm-tZ-ht\m aZy-N-jIw
\¬Ip-∂p. AXn\p tijw AtX ]m{X-Øn¬
F√m-hcpw Hmtcm ]m{Xw IpSn-bv°p-∂p. ho≠pw
CXm-h¿Øn-°p-∂p. Cßs\ IpSn-®p-Ip-Sn®v
shfnhp sI´v, BcpsS s]ß-tfm, aIt\m
AΩtbm BIs´ btYjv S w IpI¿Ωßƒ
sNøp-∂p. Nne-t∏m-sg√mw elcn aqØv ASn-]nSnbpw, el-fbpw Iq´-Ø√pw ]nSn-h-enbpw \S°pw. Nne¿ O¿±n-°p-∂p. Iq´-Ønse XnI™
AtLmcn AYhm kn≤≥ AXpw `£n®p Ifbp-∂p. Ch-cpsS alm-kn-≤s‚ tbmKy-X-I-sf∏‰n ]mSp-∂-Xn-ß-s\-bmWv:˛
lmemw ]n_- X n- Z o- £ n- X - k y- a - µ n- t c,
kp]vtXm \nim-bmw KWnIm Krtljp hncmPtX Iufh N{I-h¿Øo!
Zo£n-Xs
- ‚-˛I
- ≈
- p-IS- °
- m-cs
- ‚-˛h
- o-ń¬ sN∂v
Ip∏n-°-W-°n\v IpSn-bv°p-I, thiym Krl-ßfn¬ sN∂v IpI¿a-ßƒ sNbvXv InS-∂p-d-ßpI. apX-emb Imcy-ßƒ \n¿e-÷-ambpw \n»-¶ambpw sNøp-∂-bm-fmWv hma-am¿Kn-I-fn¬ N{Ih¿Øn-Xp-ey-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. alm-Zp-jvI¿an
Ah-cn¬ hº\pw apº\pw \∑-sN-øp-Ibpw
NoØ Imcy-ßsf `b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂b
- mƒ
sNdn-b-h-\p-amWv! Fs¥∂m¬.
]mi-_t≤m `th-÷ohx ]mi-ap‡x kZmin-hx 28
temI-e-÷, imkv{X-e-÷, Ipe-e-÷, tZie÷ apX- e mb ]mi- ß - f m¬ _‘n- X ≥
Poh\pw e÷-bn-√msX ZpjvI¿a-ßƒ sNøp∂-h≥ kZm-in-h\pw BsW∂v X{¥-ßƒ ]d-
27. cp{Z-bm-ae X{¥w
28. ⁄m\-k-¶-e-\o-X{¥w t«mIw 43.
216
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
bp-∂p.
DUvVo-kX
- {¥w apX-em-bh
- b
- n¬ Hcp {]tbmK-hn-[n-bp-≠v. Hcp hoSn\v \mep hihpw Beb-ßƒ thWw. Ah-bn¬ Hmtcm-∂nepw aZyIpw-`-ßƒ h®n-cn-°-Ww. Hcp Be-b-Øn¬
\n∂v Hcp Ip∏n aZyw IpSn-®n´v at‰ Be-bØ
- n¬
sN√-Ww. Ahn-sS-\n∂pw Hcp Ip∏n IpSn-°-Ww.
F∂n´v aq∂m-a-tØ-Xnepw \mem-a-tØ-Xnepw
sN∂v Hmtcm Ip∏n IpSn-°-Ww. \n∂v IpSn®p
IpSn®v shń-b-acw hogpw t]mse hogp-∂Xp
hsc IpSn-°-Ww. aØp hn´m¬ ho≠pw CXpt]mse hogp-∂Xp hsc IpSn-°-Ww. aq∂mw
{]mh-iyhpw CXp-t]mse IpSn®p hoWv, Fgpt∂- e v ° p- ∂ - h \v ]p\¿÷∑w C√m- X m- h pw.
hmkv X hw ]d- ™ m¬ Cß- s \- b p- ≈ - h \v
ho≠pw a\p-jy-P∑w e`n-°p-∂Xp Xs∂ hnja-am-Wv. Ah¿ \oN-tbm-\n-I-fn¬ P\n®v hf-sc°mew IjvS-s∏Spw.
4. hman-I-fpsS X{¥ {KŸ-ß-fnse \nbaw
AΩsb HgnsI as‰mcp kv{Xosbbpw hn´p-I-fb-cp-sX-∂m-Wv. aI-fm-I-s´, ktlm-Z-cn-bm-I-s´,
F√m-h-cp-ambpw kwKaw sNø-Ww. Cu hmaam¿Kn-If
- psS Zi-al
- m-hn-Zy-Iƒ Ip{]-kn-≤a
- m-Wv.
Ah-bn-sem-∂mb amXMvKo hnZy-°m-c≥ ]d-bp∂Xv amX-c-a]n \ XytPXv' AΩ-sb-t∏mepw
kam¿K-sat\y hn´p-I-f-b-cp-sX-∂m-Wv. kwtbmK-th-f-bn¬ kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿ \ap°v CjvS-kn≤nbp≠mIs´ F∂p a{¥w P]n- ° p- I bpw
thWw. Cßs\ {`m¥cpw alm aqU-∑m-cp-amb
Bfp-Iƒ temI-Øn¬ Xptemw Ipd-hm-bn-cn-°pw.
5. AkXyw {]N-cn-∏n-°m-\m-{K-ln-°p-∂-h¿
kXysØ \nµn-°p-I-Xs∂ sNøpw. hma-am¿KnIƒ ]d-bp-∂Xp t\m°q. thZ-ßƒ imkv{Xßƒ ]pcm-W-ßƒ F∂n-h-sb√mw km[m-cW
thiy-sb-t∏m-se-bm-Wv. hma-am¿Kn-I-fpsS ap{Zbmb imw`hn am{Xta A¥¿P-\-Øn\p Xpeybm-bn-´p-≈q.
thZ-ßfpw km£n
Ch¿ thZ-hn-cp-≤-amb aX-amWv \S-∏n¬ hcpØn-b-Xv. {ItaW Ch-cpsS aX-Øn\pw {]Nmcw
e`n-°m≥ XpS-ßn. At∏mƒ sIm≈-cp-Xm-bva-bneqsS thZ-ß-fpsS t]cp ]d™v ]e eoe-Ifpw
29. kpcm-h≥ hm Gj _cvln-jZv bt⁄m bZv
ku{Xm-aWo F∂ iX-]Y hN-\hp(12.1.3.7)ambn
Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I.
BSn-Øp-S-ßn. AXm-bXv v 29 ""ku{Xm-aWymw
kpcmw ]nt_-Xv, t{]m£nXw `£-tb-∑mwkw 30, sshZn-Io-lnwkm lnwkm \ `h-Xn'' 31
\ amwk `£tW tZmtjm \ atZy \ N
ssaYpt\, {]hr-Øn-tcjm `qXm\mw \nhrØnkvXp alm êm 32
ku{Xm-aWn b⁄-Øn¬ aZyw IpSn-°-Ww.
CXns‚ A¿Yw C{]-Im-c-am-Wv. ku{Xm-aWn
b⁄-Øn¬ tkma-eX ]ngns™SpØ \ocv
IpSn-°-Ww. t{]m£n-X-amb 33 amwkw b⁄Øn¬ `£n-°-Ww. Cß-s\-sb-√m-ap≈ ]ma-cXm-]q¿W-amb Imcy-ß-fmWv hma-am¿Kn-Iƒ
{]N-cn-∏n-®-Xv. Ah-tcmSv tNmZn-t°-≠Xv C{]Im-ca
- m-Wv˛ ""sshZnI lnwk, lnwk-bs
- √-¶n¬
\ns∂bpw \ns‚ IpSpw- _ mw- K - ß - s fbpw
sIm∂p tlman-®m¬ F¥mWp Xct°Sv?''
amwk-`-£-Ww, aZy-]m-\w, ]c-kv{Xo-K-a\w
apX-embh tZmj-an-√m-ØX
- m-sW∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv
_men- i - a m- W v . PohnIsf ]oUn- ∏ n- ° msX
amwkw e`n-°n-√. A]-cm[w sNøm-Ø-Xns\
]oUn-∏n-°p-∂Xv [m¿an-Ih
- pa√. aZy-]m-\a
- m-Is´
k¿hYm \njn-≤-hp-am-Wv. hma-am¿Kn-I-fp-tS-X√mØ {KŸ-ß-fn-sem∂pw AXp hn[n-®n-ńs√∂p am{X-a√ \ntj-[n-®n-t´-bp-≈q. hnhmlw
sNømsX ssaYp-\hpw tZmj-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. AXn\m¬ CsX√mw \n¿t±m-j-am-sW∂p ]d-bp-∂h-cn-emWv tZmjw.
b⁄hpw lnwkbpw
Cß-s\-sb-√m-ap≈ hN-\-ßƒ Ejn-am-cpsS
{KŸ-ßf
- n¬ Iqń-t®¿Øv At\Iw Ejn-am-cpsS
t]cn¬ {KŸ-ßfpw D≠m-°n. tKmta-[w, Aizta[w apX-emb b⁄-ßfpw sNøm-\m-cw-`n-®p.
Cu arK-ßsf sIm∂v b⁄w \S-Øn-bm¬
bP-am-\\pw arK-Øn\pw kz¿Kw In´p-sa∂pw
]d™p ]cØn. Cß-s\-sbmcp [mcW ]c°p- h m≥ ImcWw {_m“W {KŸ- ß - f nse
Aiz- t a- [ w, tKmta- [ w, \c- t a[w apX- e mb
kw⁄-I-fpsS icn-bmb A¿∞w Adn-bm-bvIbm-Wv. Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Cu A\¿Y-ß30. a\p.5.27.
31. bmth-Zh
- n-lnXm lnwkm-\n-bXm f kvan≥ Ncm-Ntc F∂
a\p-kvar-Xn-`m-K-hp-ambn (5.44) Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I.
32. a\p-kvarXn 5.5.6
33. tlman-®-Xns‚ Ah-injvSw
217
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
fp-≠m-°n-b-sX-¥n-\mWv?
tNmZyw:˛ Aiz-ta-[w, tKmta-[w, \c-ta[w
apX-em-b-h-bpsS A¿Y-sa-¥mWv?
DØcw:˛ Ah- b psS A¿Yw ]dbmw:˛
cmjv{Sw hm Aiz-ta-[x 34 A∂wln Kux 35
A·ncvhm Aizw 36 BPyw ta[x 37(i-X-]Y-{_m-“-W-Øn¬ \n∂v) IpXn-c, ]ip apX-emb
P¥p-°s
- f- sIm∂v b⁄w \S-Øp-hm≥ Fßpw
]d-™n-ń-√. hma-am¿Kn-I-fpsS {KŸ-ß-fn¬
am{Xta CØcw A\¿Y-ßƒ Fgp-Xn-h®
- n-´p-≈q.
F∂p am{X-a-√, hma-am¿Kn-I-fmWv CXn-s‚bpw
Bcw`w Ipdn-®-Xv. Fhn-sS-sb√mw CXn-t\-∏‰n
Fgp-Xn-bn-´pt≠m Ahn-sS-sb√mw hma-am¿Kn-Iƒ
Ah¿°n-jvS-s∏-´Xv Ie¿Øn Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-ap-≠v.
cmPmhv \ymb-[¿a-ß-fm¬ {]Pm-]m-e\w sNøp∂-Xpw, bP-am-\≥ hnZym-Zm\w sNøp-∂Xpw
A·n-bn¬ s\øpw a‰pw tlman-°p-∂Xpw Aizta-[-am-Wv. A∂w, C{µn-b-ßƒ, Inc-W-ßƒ,
]rYnhn apX-em-b-hsb ]cn-ip-≤-ambn hbv°p∂-XmWv tKmta-[w. a\-jys‚ arX-tZlw hn[n{]-Imcw Zln-∏n®p If-bp-∂Xv \c-ta-[-am-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ b⁄w sNbvXm¬ bP-am-\\pw
arK-Øn\pw kz¿Kw e`n-°p-sa∂pw tlmam-\¥cw arK-Øns\ Pohn-∏n-°p-sa∂pw ]d-bp∂Xv t\cmtWm?
DØcw:˛ I≈w. kz¿K-Øn-te°p t]mIpsa∂p ]d-bp-∂-hsc sIm∂v tlman®v kz¿KØn-e-b-bv°-Ww. As√-¶n¬ Ah-cpsS {]nbs∏´ amXm-hv, ]nXm-hv, `mcy, ]p{X-∑m¿ apX-embhsc sIm∂v kz¿K-Øn-e-b-bv°m-Ø-sX-¥mWv?
As√-¶n¬ thZn-bn¬ \n∂v Ahsc Pohn-∏n°m-Ø-sX¥v?
tNmZyw:˛ b⁄w sNøp-tºmƒ thZ-a-{¥ßƒ sNm√m-dp-≠v. thZß--fn-s√-¶n¬ ]ns∂
Fhn-Sp-∂mWv sNm√p-∂Xv?
DØcw:˛ a{¥w sNm√p- ∂ - X n¬ \n∂v
Bscbpw hne-°p-∂n-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ a{¥w
i_vZ-am-Wv. F∂m¬ AXn-\¿Yw arKsØ
sIm∂p- t lm- a n- ° - W - s a- ∂ - √ . 38 A·tb
34.
35.
36.
37.
kzmlm 39 apX- e mb a{¥- ß - f psS A¿Yw
""A·n-bn¬ lhnkv ˛ ]pjvSnbv°pw a‰pw ImcW-amb s\øpw a‰v DØa {Zhy-ßfpw tlman®v
hmbp, hrjvSn, Pew apX-em-b-hsb ip≤am°n PK-Øn\v kuJy-Im-c-W-am-°p∂p''
F∂m-Wv. Cu kXym¿∞-ßsf B aqV-∑m¿
a\- n-em-°p-∂n-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ kzm¿Y-_p-≤nI-fm-b-h¿ tIhew kzm¿Yw t\Sp-∂-Xn-ep-]cn
as‰m∂pw Adn-bp-Itbm hI-h-bv°p-Itbm C√.
_u≤ ˛ ssP\-cpsS D¤hw
Cu t]m∏-∑m-cpsS C{]-Im-c-ap≈ A\m-Nmcßƒ I≠pw acn-®-h¿°p th≠n sNøp∂
X¿∏W {im≤m-Zn-Iƒ I≠pw thZm-Zn-im-kv{Xßsf \nµn-°p-∂Xpw alm-`b
- ¶
- c
- h
- p-amb _u≤
AYhm ssP\-aXw {]Nm-c-Øn¬ h∂p. Cu
tZi-Øn¬ tKmc-Jv]q¿ cmPm-hn-\p-≠m-bn-cps∂∂p tIń-´p-≠v. At±-lsØ sIm≠v t]m∏∑m¿ b⁄w \S- Ø n- ® p. At±- l - Ø ns‚
dmWnsb IpXn-c-bp-ambn kam-Kaw sNøn-®-Xnt\-Xp-S¿∂v Ah¿ acn-®p. cmPmhv hnc-‡-\mbn
]p{X\v cmPyw \evIn-bX
- n\p tijw kw\y-kn®v
t]m∏∑mcpsS I≈-Ø-c-ßƒ shfn-hm-°m≥
XpS-ßn.
CXns‚ imJ-bm-bn-´mWv Nm¿hmIw A`mWIw F∂o aX-ß-fp-≠m-b-Xv. Ah-cp-≠m-°nb
t«mI-ß-fm-Wnh:˛
1. ]ip-ivtN-∂n-lXx kzcvKw tPymXn-jvtSmtam-K-an-jyXn kz]n-Xm-b-P-am-t\\ X{X-I-Yw
\ lnwkytX.
13.1.6 3
4.3.1.25
3,6.2.5.
tat[m hm BPyav 13.3.6.2.
218
38. BZn-Imte Jep bt⁄jp ]ihx kam-e-`-\obm
_`qhpx \mew-`mb {]{In-bt¥ kva, XtXm Z£b⁄ {]Xy-h-c-Imew at\mx ]p{XmWmw \cnjy∂m `mtK-£zm-Ip-\rK icym-Xym-Zo\w N ]iq\m
tahm-`y-\p-⁄m-\mXv ]ihx t{]m£-W-am]px
(A-Xn-]p-cm-X-\-Im-eØv arK-ßsf kv]¿in-°pI
am{Xta sNbvXn-cp-∂p-≈p, h[n-®n-cp-∂n-√. ]n∂oSv
Z£-bm-Kt- ijw a\p-hns‚ \cn-jyXv apX-emb ]p{X∑m¿, ""b⁄-Øn¬ arK-h[w thW-sa∂v thZ-hn[n-bp-s≠∂v'' ]d-™p-sIm≠v arK-ßsf
t{]m£Ww sNbvXp h[n-°m-\m-cw-`n-®p. (N-c-I-kwln-X, NnIn-’m-ÿm\w 19-˛4) Nc-I-kw-ln-X-bnse
Cu D≤-c-W-Øn¬ \n∂v c≠p Imcy-ßƒ kv]jvSam-Wv. 1. {]mNo\ ImeØv b⁄-Øn¬ arK-h[w
C√m-bn-cp-∂p. (2) ]n∂oSv b⁄-Øn¬ arK-_e
- nbpw
thW-sa∂p thZ-hn-[n-bp-s≠∂v sX‰n-[c
- n-®mWv arK_en \S-Øm≥ Bcw-`n-®-Xv.
39. bPq¿thZw 10, 5˛22 6, 27
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
2. arXm \manl P¥q\mw {im≤w tNØr]vXn-Im-c-Wav K—-Xm-anl P¥q\mw hycvYw
]mtY-b-I-ev]-\av
1. arK-sØ-s°m∂v A·n-bn¬ tlman-®m¬,
AXv kz¿K-Øn¬ t]mIp-sa-¶n¬ kz¥w ]nXmhn-s\-bpw a‰pw bP-am-\≥ F¥p-sIm≠v sIm∂v
kz¿K-tØ-°-b-°p-∂n√?
2. acn-®-h-cpsS Xr]vXn-°p-th≠n {im≤w,
X¿∏Ww apX-em-bh \S-Øp-hm≥ Ign-bp-sa¶n¬, bm{X t]mIp-∂-h-cpsS hgn-®n-e-hn-\p≈
hI Icp-Xn-s°m≠p t]mIp-∂Xv hy¿∞-am-Wv.
Fs¥-∂m¬ acn-®-h-cpsS Xr]vXn-°p-th≠n
{im≤hpw X¿∏- W hpw sNøp- ∂ - X p- s Im≠v
sh≈hpw tNmdpw Ah¿°p e`n-°p-sa-¶n¬ ]ctZ-iØp Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h¿t°m bm{X-sN-øp∂- h ¿t°m hońse ASp- ° - f - b n¬ ]mIw
sNbv X p hnf- º n- h ®v In≠n- b n¬ sh≈hpw
h®m¬ F¥p-sIm-≠mWv e`n-°m-ØXv? Zqc-tZiØp Pohn-°p-∂-h¿t°m ]Øp-hmc AI-sebp-≈-h¿t°m In´m-ØXv acn-®p-t]m-b-h¿°v
Hcn°epw In´p-I-bn-√-X-s∂.
Ah-cpsS C{]-Imcw bp‡n-kn-≤-amb D]-tZi-ßƒ Bfp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn®p XpS-ßn-b-t∏mƒ
Ah-cpsS aXhpw A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-´p. At\Iw
cmPm-°-∑mcpw `qhp-S-a-Ifpw Ah-cpsS aXw
kzoI-cn®p XpS-ßn-b-t∏mƒ t]m∏-h¿Iƒamcpw
Atßm´p Nm™p. aSn-»oe \nd-bp∂ hgnt°
Ah¿ t]mhp- I - b p- ≈ q- h t√m? s]s´- ∂ - h ¿
ssP\-cm-bn. ssP\-∑m-cnepw t]m∏p-If
- n-Iƒ Ht´sd-bp-≠v. AXn-t\-∏‰n 12-˛mw kap-√m-k-Øn¬
Fgp-Xmw. hf-sc-t∏¿ Ah-cpsS aXw kzoI-cn®p. F∂m¬ ]¿∆-X-`m-K-ßƒ, Imin, I\ym-Ip_vPw, ]›n-a-˛-Z-£nW tZi-ßƒ F∂n-hn-S-ßfnse Bfp-Iƒ Gsd-sbm∂pw ssP\-a-X-°m-cmbn-√.
ssP\n-Iƒ thZm¿∞w a\- n-em-°m-sX,
t]m∏p-If
- n-bnse _mlym-Uw-_c--ßƒ thZ-t{]m‡-am-sW∂p [cn®v thZ-\nµ Bcw-`n-®p. ]T-\]m-T-\-ßƒ, bt⁄m]-ho-X-[m-c-Ww, {_“-NcymZn \nb-a-ßƒ apX-em-b-h-tbbpw \in-∏n-®p.
Inń-b{-- Xbpw sshZn-I-{K-Ÿ-ßƒ \in-∏n®p. `cWm-[n-Imcw ssIh-∂-t∏mƒ Bcy-∑msc D]-{Zhn-®p. `bhpw i¶bpw C√m-Xm-b-t∏mƒ AhcpsS aXm-h-ew-_n-I-fmb Krl-ÿ-∑m-scbpw
kw\ym-kn-I-sfbpw ]qPn-°p-Ibpw Bcy-[¿am-
h-ew-_n-Isf ]£-]m-X-]q¿∆w in£n-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp-t]m-∂p. kpJ-ku-I-cy-ß-tfm-Sp-IqSn
K¿hn-jvT-cm-bn, Ah-c-ßs\ hne-kn. Ej-`-tZh≥ apX¬ alm-ho-c≥ hsc-bp≈ Xo¿Y-¶-c-∑mcpsS h≥{]-Xn-a-I-fp-≠m°n ]qPn-°m-\m-cw-`n-®p.
ine-bnepw a‰p-ap≈ hn{K-l-ß-fpsS ]qP XpSßn-bXv ssP\-cn¬ \n∂m-Wv. Cuiz-c-hn-izm-knIƒ Ipd-™p. hn{K-lm-cm-[-I-cpsS FÆw s]cpIn. Aßs\ ap∂q-tdmfw h¿jw Bcym-h¿ØØn¬ ssP\- c mPyw \ne- \ n∂p thZm¿∞⁄m\w an°-hmdpw C√m-Xm-bn. CXp Ign-™nń-t∏mƒ c≠m-bn-c-Øn-b-™qdv h¿j-am-sb∂v
A\p-am-\n-°mw.
i¶-cm-Nm-cy-cpsS Bhn¿`mhw
c≠m- b n- c - Ø n- b n- c p- ∂ qdp h¿jw apºv 40
{ZmhnU tZiob {_m“-W-\pw, ss\jvTnI
{_“-Nm-cnbpw thZm-Zn-k¿h-im-kv{Xm-`ym-knbpw
Bb i¶-cm-Nm-cy¿ F∂ tZlw Cßs\ Nn¥n°m- \ m- c w- ` n- ® p. ""Atlm Ijv S w! kXyhpw
BkvXn-I-hp-amb thZ-a-X-Øns‚ tem]hpw
ssP\-cpsS \mkvXn-I-a-X-Øns‚ {]Nm-chpw
alm-\miw hcp-Øn-h-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Chsc Fßs\-sb-¶nepw AI-‰W
- w.'' i¶-cm-Nm-cy¿ imkv{Xßƒ am{X-a-√. ssP\--{K-Ÿ-ßfpw ]Tn-®n-cp-∂p.
219
40. {ioi-¶-cm-Nm-cy-cpsS Ime-sØ-∏‰n ]e A`n-{]m-bß-fp-ap-≠v. ]m›mXy Ncn{X ]WvUn-X-Ω-\y-∑mcpw
Ah-cpsS A\p-bm-bn-I-fmb BMvtfm-˛-C-¥y≥
_p≤n-Ifpw Ct∂bv°v 1200 h¿jw apºmWv
{ioi-¶-cs‚ Pohn-X-Im-e-sa∂ ]£-°-cm-Wv.
Zbm-\-µ-a-l¿jn ZWvUn-]-c-º-c-°m-\mb
k\ym-kn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. alm-hn-Zzm\pw. At±-l-Øn\v
`mc-Xob k\ym-kn-]-c-º-sb-]‰n Adn-hn-√m-bn-cps∂t∂m hnI-e-amb Adnth D≠m-bn-cp-∂ps≈t∂m hnNm-cn-°p-∂Xv G‰hpw Ipd-™Xv
Ahn-th-I-sa-¶n-ep-am-Wv. k\ym-kn-am¿ Znh-tk\
kz¥w Kpcp-]-c-º-c-bpsS \maw sNm√pw. ]pjv]m⁄-en-sb-∂mWv CXn-\p-t]-cv. Cu {]I-c-W-Øn¬
{ioi-¶c
- s‚ injy-∑m¿ hmWn-cp∂ aT-ßs
- f-∏‰n ]dbp-∂n-SØv imc-Zm-aT
- s
- Ø-∏‰
- nbpw ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. AhnSpsØ hwim-h-en-sb-∏‰n "{ioim-c-Zm-]o-T-hw-im-\pam-XrIm' F∂ t]cn¬ `h-\K
- d
- nse kc-kzXo ap{ZmW-e-b-Øn¬ A®-Sn®v {]kn≤w sNbvX ]pkvX-IØn¬\n∂v {]k-‡-amb `mKw ChnsS ]I¿Øn,
X¿P-abpw Fgp-Xmw.
"bp[n-jvTn-c-itI 2631 sshimJ ip¢ ]©aymw
{ioa-—-¶-cm-h-Xmcx 2636 ssN{X ip¢-\-h-aym-ap-]-\b\-av. 2639 Im¿ØnI ipss¢-Im-Ziymw NXp¿Ym{i-ak
- zo-Imcx 2640 ^m¬Kp-\i
- p¢ ZznXo-bmbmw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
{ioaZv tKmhnµ `K-hXv ]mZm-Nm-cymWmw kIm-im-Zp]-tZ-ix -XX Bc`y 2646 tPyjvThZy-am-hmkym]cy¥w
_Z-cym-{ita tjmUi `mjy {]W-b\w {io\m-cm-bW
{]XnjvTm tPymXncvaT \ncvamWw N. 2647 Im¿Øn-I-ip¢m-jSv aymw {ioaZv _mZ-cm-bW
- m-Nmsscyx kl-hm-cm-Wkymw
{_“-hnZym clky {]Nmcx. k\-µ-\m-Nm-cym-Wmav kam{i-b-›. 2647 am¿K io¿j-hZy XrXo-bmbmw {ioa-WvU\
anss{ix kmIw hmZm-cw`x 2648 ssN{X-ip-¢-N-Xpcv∞ymw
aWvU\ ]cm-Pbx 2648 ssN{X-ip-¢-jjvTymw kc-kzXym
kl Iem {]kMvKx 2648 ssN{X-h-Zym-jvSaymw Aa-cp-Ii-coc {]thix Im¿Øn-I-ip¢ {Xtbm-Ziymw \nP-tZl
{]thix 2648 Im¿Øn-Ih
- Z- y-{]-Xn-]Zn `mcXo ]cm-Pbx 2648
Im¿Øn-I-hnZy {]Xn-]Zn hnb-∑m¿tKW {_“-temIw
K—¥ym kvXkymx Nn¥m-aWn at{¥W Zzmc-hX
- ym-am-I¿jW-av. 2648 Im¿ØnI hZy ]©aymw X{X-Xkymx ÿm]\-av. 2648 Im¿Øn hZy-{Xtbm Zio-am-c`y Ziao ]cy¥w
imc-Zm-aT \n¿amWw _u≤mZn ]cm-Pbx cp{Z amem-ImtcW `K-hZ- m-eb \n¿am-Wa
- v. bmZth{µ {]XnjvTm. knt≤iz-cmeb {]Xn-jvTm-]-\w, `{Z-Im-eo-b-{¥u-≤m-c® 2648
^m¬Kp\ ip¢ \haymw ssh[hy `nbm ]p\x IemjvSI cqt]-Wm-Im-ia
- m¿K ah-ew-_y-{_-“t- emIw K—-¥ymkvXk
- ym-kvtXm-ss\h at{¥W irwK-]p-cym-am-I¿j-Wa
- v.
aTw \ncvamb X{X ]p\-kvXkymx ÿm]\w N. 2649
ssN{X ip¢-]£ \haymw {ioa-∑-WvU-\-an-{i-tkym-Øam-{i-a-{Kl-W-av, kptc-iz-cm-Nmcy CXn tbmK-]-´-›. 2649.
am¿K-io¿j ip¢-Zi
- aymw kp[-\y-t\m-cm⁄w injy-tXz\
kam-{ibx 2649 amL-ip-¢-k-]vXaymw {ioa-’p-tc-iz-cwNmcymWmw imc-Zm-]o-Tm-`n-tj-N\
- a
- .v 2560 sshimJ ip¢ XrXobm-am-c`y ZznKzn-Pb atlm-’h
- m-cw-`x. XZ-¥c
- mte ln 2653
{imh-W-ip-¢-k-]vXaymw XYm B›n\ ipss¢-Im-Ziymw
t{XmSI lkvXm-a-e-Itbmx kam-{ibx 2654 ]uj-ip¢
]u¿W-amkymw lkvXm-ae
- I
- mNm-cymWmw irwK-]pc ]oTm`n-tj-N\
- a
- v. X±n\ Gh t{XmS-Im-Nm-cymWmw tPymXn¿a-Tm`n-tj-N\ kMvtIXx 2655 sshimJ ip¢-Z-iaymw ZnKzn-Pbm-cmte ]pcp-tjm-Ø-a-t£{Xw {]Xn Ka-\-av, X{X Zmcp-abky PK-Zo-iky {]Xn-jT
v m-]\w XXvt£{X acymZm {]_‘x tKmhcv≤\ a ÿm]-\-av, ]flm-Zm-Nm-cymWmw XXv
XXv]o-Tm-`n-tj-N\
- © 2655 `m{Z-ip¢ ]qcvWn-am-am-c`y 2662
]uj-Ir-jW
v m-am-hmkym ]cy¥ ahn-—n∂ ZnKzn-Pb atlm’mtlm _u≤mZn Zzm{Xnw-iZ- p-Øs
- sc-Ik
- l
- {k aXm-\map-]-a-¿Z-\-av. kp[-\z-{]-ap-Jm≥ ln cm⁄x {]Xn kayIv
{]Pm-]m-e-\m-Zym-⁄m-]-\-av. A\m-Zn-hcvWm-{ia hnlnX
sshZn-I-[cva acymZm hymh-ÿm-]-\av. \nJne tbmK
amlmfly {]I-S\
- a
- v. Ati-jP
- \
- c
- R
- vP\
- a
- v. Ghw `qtemI
kap-≤mcx XXx Imivaoc aWvUte imcZm ]oT-hmkx
XZ\p 2633 ImcvØn-I-ip¢ ]qcvWn-am-bm-a-ti-j-P-K-Zp-≤mcIm `K-ht¥m atl-iz-m-cmh-Xm-c-{io-a-—-¶c `K-hZv]q-Py]mZmx {_“mZn tZh-Xm-K-W-k-{ºm¿YnXx kt¥m-\n-P-tZtl-ss\h hnam-\m-cqVmx {io ssIem-iw-\n-P-[ma {]mhni-∂n-Xn. X¿÷pa ˛ sh=shfpØv (ip-¢]
- £
- w) I= IdpØ
(Ir-jvW-]-£w) 2631 bp[n-jvTn-cm-_vZ-Ønse sshim-Jamkw sh.-]©
- a
- n-bn¬ {ioaXv i¶-cm-hX
- m-cw. 2636 ssN{Xamkw sh. \h-an°v D]-\b
- \
- w. 2639 Im¿Øn-Ia
- mkw sh.
GIm-Z-in°v k\ym-kw. 2640 ^m¬Kp-\amkw sh. ZznXob°v {io tKmhnµ `K-h-Xv]m-Z-cn¬ \n∂v D]-tZiw. A∂pap-X¬ 2646 tPymjvT. I. Aam-hmky hsc _Zn-c-Im-{i-aØn¬ 16 `mjy-ß-fpsS cN-\, \mcm-bW ÿm]-\w,
tPymXn¿a-T-\n¿Ωm-Ww. 2647 Im¿ØnIw sh AjvS-an°v
Imin-bn¬ {io. _mZ-cm-bW
- m-Nm-cy-cp-ambn {_“-hnZym clky-hn-Nm-chpw {io k\-µ-\m-Nm-cy-cpsS ]°¬ hmk-hpw.
2647 am¿K-io¿jw I. XrXobv°v {io. aWvU\
- a
- n-{i-\p-ambn
hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Zm-cw-`w. 2648 ssN{Xw sh. NXp¿Yn°v aWvU\
an{is‚ tXm¬hn. ssN{Xw sh. jjvTn°v aWvU\
an{is‚ `mcy-bp-ambn Ima-I-em-]c hnhm-Zw. ssN{Xw sh.
AjvSa
- n°v Aa-cp-Is‚ ico-cØ
- n¬ {]th-iw. Im¿ØnIw
sh. {Xtbm-Zin°v ho≠pw kz¥w ico-c-Øn¬ {]th-iw.
2648 Im¿ØnIw I. {]Y-abv°v aWvU-\-an-{is‚ ]Xv\nbpsS ]cm-P-bw. 2648 Im¿ØnIw {]Y-abv°v BIm-iam¿tKW {_“- t em- I - t Ø°p t]mb aWv U - \ - a n{i
]Xv \ nsb Nn¥m- a Wn a{¥w hgn Zzmc- I - b n- t e°v
BI¿jn®v ]©- a n- \ m- f n¬ AhnsS ÿm]n- ° p- ∂ p.
Im¿ØnIw I. {Xtbm-Zin apX¬ ASpØ Zi-an-hsc imcZm-aT \n¿am-Ww. _u≤m-Zn-Isf ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Ø¬. cp{Zamen `K-hms‚ t£{Xw \n¿Ωn®p bmZ-th-{µs\ (Ir-jvWs\) {]Xn-jvTn-°p-∂p. knt≤izc aµn-c-ÿm-]\w, `{Z-Imfn-b-{¥-Øns‚ Po¿tWm-≤m-cWw. ^m¬Kp\w sh. \han°v ssh[-hy-`-b-Øm¬ ho≠pw Iem-jvSI _e-Øm¬
BImi am¿tKW {_“-tem-I-tØ-°p-t]mb aWvU-\-]Xv\nsb AtX a{¥-Øm¬ BI¿jn-®v. irwtK-cn-bn¬ aTap-≠m°n AXn¬ ÿm]n-°p-∂p. 2649 ssN{Xw sh. \han°v aÜ\ an{i≥ k∂y-kn®v kptc-iz-cm-Nm-cy-\m-Ip∂p. 2649. am¿K-io¿jw sh. Zi-an°v kp[-\zm-cm-Pmhv
injyXzw kzoI-cn-°p-∂p. 2650 sshimJw sh. XrXob
apX¬ ZnKzn-Pb
- a
- t- lm-’h
- c
- mw`w CXn-\nsS 2653 {imhWw
sh k]vX-an°pw Bizn\w sh. GIm-Z-in°pw t{XmS-I≥
lkvXm-ae
- I
- m-Nm-cys\ irwtKcn aTm-[n-]X
- n-bmbn Ah-tcm[n-°p-∂p. A∂p-Xs∂ t{XmS-Im-Nm-cys‚ tPymXn¿a-TØ
- nte-°p≈ \ntbm-Kw. 2655 sshimJw sh. ]©-an-bn¬
ZnKzn-P-b-Øn\v ]pcp-tjm-Ø-a-t£{X (P-K-∂m-Y-]p-cn)-Ønte°v bm{X. AhnsS PK-Zoi (P-K-∂m-Y≥) s‚ XSn-{]Xna ÿm]n-°p-∂p. Ahn-SpsØ \nXy-\n-Zm\ G¿∏m-SpIƒ tKmh¿≤-\-aTw -ÿm-]\w ]fl-]m-Zm-Nm-cysc A[n]-Xn-bmbn Ah-tcm-[n-°¬. 2655 `m{Zw sh. ]u¿Wan
apX¬ 2662 ]ujw I Aam-hmky hsc \nc¥cw ZznKznPtbm-’mlw 1032 _u≤mZn aX-°msc JWvUn-°¬. kp[\zm-hn\pw a‰pw cmPm-°∑
- mcpw {]Pm-]m-e\
- k
- w-_‘
- n-bmb
kZp-]t- Z-iw. A\m-Zn-bmb h¿Wm-{ia hnln-Xa
- mb sshZnI-[¿a-ÿm-]\
- w. tbmK-Øns‚ kºq¿W al-Xz-{]-IS- \
- w.
]n∂oSv Imivao-cnse imcZm ]oT-Øn¬ hmkw. 2663
Im¿ØnIw sh. ]u¿Wan°v ssIem- k - h m- k w.
CXn¬\n∂v {ioi-¶-cs‚ P∑w 2631-˛mw bp[n-jvTn-cm-_v-ZØn-em-sW∂p sXfn-bp-∂p. bp[n-jvTnc kwh-’cw Ienbp-K-Øn\v 38 h¿jw apºv Bcw-`n-®p. C∂v Ien-bp-KØns‚ 5088-˛mw h¿j-Ønse c≠mw Znh-k-am-Wv. (1986
G{]n¬ 15, 1161 taSw 2 iI-h¿jw 1908 ssN{Xw 25 AYhm
I. jjvTn) CX-\p-kc
- n®v Cu Xob-Xn°v bp[n-jvTn-cm-_vZw
5126 Bbn. AX-\p-k-cn®v 2494 h¿jhpw 11 amkhpw 1
Znh-khpw {io i¶-cs‚ P\-\-Øn-\p-tijw Ign-™n-cn°p-∂p. Ima-tImSn ]oT-Ønse Kpcp ]c-º-c-bn¬ {io i¶cs‚ P∑w Ien-h¿jw 2593-se-∂mWv ImWp-∂-Xv. CXnt\mSv 38 Iq´p-tºmgpw 2631 bp[n-jvTn-ch
- ¿jw In´pw. c≠pw
XΩn¬ hyXymkw C√. kp[-\zm-cm-Pm-hns‚ t]cp-Iƒ iIh¿jn-Øn-te-Xp-X-s∂. Ah an°-hmdpw F√m Ie-≠-dpI-fnepw ImWmw.
220
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
At±-l-Øns‚ bp‡n-Ifpw hfsc {]_-e-ambn-cp-∂p. Chsc Fß-s\-b-I-‰p-sa-∂-t±lw
Btem-Nn-®p. D]-tZ-ihpw hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-hp-amWv
Chsc AI-‰m-\p≈ am¿K-sa∂v \n›-bn-®p.
Cßs\ \n›-bn-®p-sIm≠v Dss÷-\o-\-K-cØn¬ h∂p. A°m-eØv AhnsS kp[-\zm-cmPm-hmWv hmWn-cp-∂-Xv. At±lw ssP\-{K-Ÿßfpw Ipd®v kw-kvIr-Xhpw ]Tn-®n-cp-∂p. AhnsS-s®∂v thtZm-]-tZiw Bcw-`n-®p. F∂n´v
cmPm-hns\ I≠v At]-£n-®p. "" Aßv kwkvIrXhpw ssP\-{K-Ÿ-ßfpw ]Tn-®n-´p-≠v. ssP\a-X-hn-izm-kn-bp-am-W-ßv. Rm\pw ssP\-]WvUn-X-∑m-cp-ambn hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-Øn\v Aßv
G¿∏mSp sNø-Ww. tXmev°p-∂-h¿ Pbn-°p∂-h-cpsS aXw kzoI-cn-°-W-sa-∂-Xm-bn-cn°Ww hyh-ÿ. Aßpw Pbn-°p-∂-h-cpsS
aXw kzoI-cn-°-Ww. kp[\zm cmPmhv ssP\a-X-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw kwkvIr-X-{K-Ÿßƒ ]Tn-®n-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ _p≤n-bn¬ kzev]w
Adn-hns‚ {]Imiw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬
a\- n¬ arKn-bX hf-sc-sbm-∂pw hym]n-®ncp-∂n-√. hnZzm-\m-sW-¶n¬ Abmƒ kXymkXy \n¿Wbw sNbvXv kXysØ {Kln-°pI-bpw Ak-XysØ XyPn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
kp[\zm cmPm-hn\v henb hnZzm-∑m-cmb D]tZ-jv-Sm-°sf e`n-®n-ń-√m-Xn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v,
GXp kXyw GXv AkXyw F∂ ktµ-lØn-em-bn-cp-∂p. i¶m-c-Nm-cy-cpsS hm°p-Iƒ
tI´-t∏mƒ At±lw hfsc kt¥m-j-tØmSp-IqSn hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZw \S-Øn®v kXyhpw
Ak-Xyhpw \n›-b-ambpw \n¿W-bn-∏n-°msa∂p ]d-™p. ssP\-]-WvUn-X-∑msc Zqc-tZi-ß-fn¬ \n∂p hcpØn tbmKw Iqń. AXn¬
i¶-cm-Nm-cy-cp-tSXv thZ-a-Xhpw ssP\n-I-fp-tSXv
thZ-hn-cp-≤-a-X-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXm-bXv i¶-cmNm-cy-cpsS ]£w thZ-aX ÿm]-\hpw ssP\J-WvU-\hpw ssP\-cp-tSXv kza-X-ÿm-]-\hpw
thZ-a-X-kr-jvSn-bpsS I¿Øm-hmbn A\m-Znbmb Hcp Cuiz-c≥ Cs√∂pw Cu PKØpw
Poh\pw A\m-Zn-bm-sW∂pw Ch c≠n-s‚bpw
DXv]-Øntbm \mitam Hcn-°epw kw`-hn-°p∂n-s√-∂p-am-bn-cp∂p ssP\n-If
- psS aXw. CXn\p
hncp-≤-ambn A\m-Zn-sb∂p kn≤amb ]c-amflm- h mWv PK- Ø ns‚ I¿Øm- h v . Poh\pw
PKØpw Ak-Xy-am-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ Cuiz-c≥
Xs‚ amb-bm¬ PK-Øp-≠m-°n, Ah≥ Xs∂
ÿnXnbpw {]f- b hpw \S- Ø p- ∂ p. Poh- \ pw
{]]©hpw kz]v\w t]mse anYy-bm-Wv. Cuizc≥ Xs∂ F√m cq]-ß-fp-sa-SpØv eoe-bm-Sp∂p. F∂ aX-am-bn-cp∂p i¶-cm-Nm-cy-cp-tS-Xv.
hfsc \mfp-Iƒ Cu imkv{Xm¿∞w XpS¿s∂¶nepw bp‡n- s Im≠pw {]mam- W w- s Im≠pw
ssP\n-I-fpsS aXw JWvUn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw i¶cm- N m- c y- a Xw AJ- W v U n- X - a m- b n- c n- ° p- I bpw
sNbvXp. At∏mƒ B ssP\ ]WvUn-X-∑mcpw
kp[-\zm-cm-Pmhpw thZ-aXw kzoI-cn®v ssP\aXw shSn-™p. XpS¿∂v henb H®-∏mSpw _lfhpw Bbn. kp[-\zm-cm-Pmhv Xs‚ kvt\ln-Xcmb cmPm- ° - ∑ m¿s°- g p- X n i¶- c m- N m- c y- s cs°m≠v imkv{Xm¿∞w \S-Øn-®p. ssP\-cpsS
]cm-P-b-Im-e-am-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v tXm‰p-sImt≠-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv Bcym-h¿Ø-tZ-i-amsI
k©-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v kp[\zm cmPmhv i¶-cm-Nmcy¿°v Bh-iy-amb G¿∏m-Sp-Iƒ sNbvXp-sImSp-°p-Ibpw `S-∑m-scbpw IqsS Ab-bv°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
sshZnI [¿tam-≤m-cWw
A∂p-ap-X¬ F√m-hcpw bt⁄m-]-hoXw
[cn-°m\pw thZ-ß-fpsS ]T-\-]m-T-\-ßƒ \SØm\pw XpS-ßn. ]Øp-h¿j-°m-e-Øn-\p-≈n¬
Bcym- h ¿Ø tZi- Ø n- s eßpw k©- c n®v
ssP\n-IfpsS JWvU\
- hpw thZ-ßf
- psS aWvU\hpw sNbvXp i¶-cm-Nm-cy-cpsS ImeØv \S∂
ssP\-hn-[zw-k-\-Øns‚ sXfn-hmWv C∂p `qanbn¬ \n∂p Is≠-Øp∂ [zwkn-X-amb ssP\hn- { K- l - ß ƒ. Ch- s b√mw At±- l - Ø ns‚
ImeØv XI¿Ø-Xm-Wv. XI-cm-Øh Is≠-Øp∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah ssP\n-Iƒ c£n-°m≥ th≠n
Ipgn-®n-´-h-bm-Wv. C∂pw Aßnßv Ch In´m-dp≠v . i¶m- c m- N m- c y¿°p- a pºv ssih- a - X hpw
Aev]w-kzev] {]Nmcw t\Sn-bn-cp-∂p. AXnt\bpw At±lw JWvUn-®p. hma-am¿K-tØbpw
JWvUn-®p. 41 A°m-eØv cmPyØv Afh‰
[\w D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. kztZ-i-`-‡nbpw D≠m-bn-
221
41. CXn- ssh-jvWh ssih- im-‡-ku-c-{]-ap-J-∑m-scsb-Xn¿Øp Iog-S°n {ZpX-ap-÷b
- n-\o]pcw Kan-®m≥
`K-hm-\¤
- p-Xh
- m-•n-em-ki
- m-eo. ({io-i¶
- c ZznKzn-Pbw
15.76 {io. Sn. kp{_-“-Wy≥ Xncp-ap-ºns‚
X¿÷-a) {ioi-¶c≥ FXn¿Øp tXm¬]n®
ssih-a-X-sØ-bmWv At±-l-Øns‚ ]n∑p-d-°m
c
- m- b i¶-cm-Nm-cy-∑m¿ ]n¥p-Sc
- p-∂s
- X-∂Xv
AXym-›-cy-I-cw- Xs∂!
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
cp-∂p. ssP\-t£-{X-ßs
- fm∂pw i¶-cm-Nm-cytcm
kp[-\zmthm XI¿°m-\-\p-h-Zn-®n-√. Ah-bn¬
thZ- ] m- T - i m- e - I ƒ Bcw- ` n- ° p- I - b m- b n- c p∂p
e£yw.
{ioi-¶-c\p hnjw \evIp∂p
thZ- a - X - ÿ m- ] \w \S∂p Ign- ™ - t ∏mƒ
hnZym-{]-Nm-c-W-Øn\p {iaw XpS-ßn. AXn-\n-Sbn¬ ]pdta thZ-a-X-°m-sc∂p \Sn-°p-Ibpw
AIta XnI™ ssP\-cp-amb c≠p-t]¿ h∂pIq-Sn. Chsc i¶-cm-Nm-cy¿ IW-°‰p kvt\ln®p. Ah¿ Ft¥m Xo{h-amb hnj-hkvXp `£n°m≥ sImSp-ØX
- n-s‚ 42 ê-ambn hni∏v aµo`-hn--®p. ]n∂oSv ico-c-am-k-Iew \ocpw ]cp-°pIfpw h∂v, Bdp amk-Øn-\Iw icocw XyPn®p. At∏mƒ F√m-hcpw \ncp-’m-ln-I-fm-bn.
D≠m-tI-≠n-b-cp∂ hnZym-{]-Nmcw D≠m-b-Xp-an√. At±lw D≠m-°nb imco-cn-I-`mjyw apXem-bh injy-∑m¿ {]N-cn-∏n-°m≥ XpS-ßn.
AXm-bXv ssP\-∑msc JWvUn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n D≠m-°nb {_“w kXyw, PK-flnYy, Poh{_-ss“Iyw apX-em-bh D]-tZ-in-®p-Xp-S-ßn.
sX°v irwtK-cn, Ing°v `qtKm-h¿≤-\w, hS°v
tPmjn, Zzmc-I-bn¬ imc-Zm-aTw F∂o aT-ßƒ
ÿm]n®v {ioi-¶-c-in-jy-∑m¿ sFiz-cy-hm-∑mcmb aTm-[n-]-Xn-I-fm-Ibpw kkpJw hmgvN-bmcw-`n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fs¥-∂m¬ {ioi-¶c
- \p
tijw injy-∑m¿°v henb BZ-chpw e`n-®pXp-S-ßn.
\ho-\-th-Zm¥w
C\n Nn¥n- t °- ≠ - X p- ≠ v . Poh≥ {_“w
F∂nh H∂m-sW∂pw PK-fln-Yy-bm-sW-∂pap≈Xv i¶-cm-Nm-cy-cpsS kz¥w aX-am-sW¶n¬ AX- { X - \ √ aX- a - √ . ssP\n- I sf
JWvUn-°m≥ th≠n AXv kzoI-cn-®-Xm-sW¶n¬ \∂v 43. \ho\ thZm-¥n-I-fpsS aXw C{]Im-c-amWv:˛
42. A`n-\n-tj-hn-X≥, A`n-\n-th-i≥ F∂o \mkvXn-I¿
tIZm-c-\m-Y-Øn¬h®v {ioi-¶-c\v hnjw \¬In.
(sF-Xn-lm-knI \nco-£¨ `mKw 2, i¶-cm-Nmcy
{]I-c-Ww).
43. Cuiz-c-\n√ F∂ ssP\-hm-Z-Øn\v FXn-cmbn
Cuiz-c-\-√msX as‰m∂pw C√ F∂ hmZw Iptd
kzoIm-cyw. hnØp apf®v hf-cp-tºmƒ ap≈p-th-ensIń kwc-£n-°p-∂X
- p-t]mse ˛ F∂ \ymb-kq{Xw
(4.2.50) A\p-k-cn®v
tNmZyw:˛ PKØv kz]v\w t]mse-bpw, Ibdn¬ k¿∏w t]msebpw Nn∏n- t Øm- S n¬
sh≈n-t]m-sebpw , arK-Xr-jvW-bn¬ Pew
t]msebpw C{µ-Pm-e-Øn¬ K‘¿h-\-Kcw
t]msebpw anYy-bm-Wv. {_“w am{X-amWv
kXyw.
kn≤m-¥n˛ anYy-sb∂v ]d-bp-∂-sX-¥n-s\bmWv?
\ho-\-th-Zm¥n ˛ C√mØ hkvXp Ds≠
∂p {]Xo-X-am-Ip-∂-Xns\
kn˛ C√m-Ø-XmWv hkvXp-sh-¶n¬ AsXßs\ {]Xo-X-amIpw?
\. th.˛ A[ym-tcm-]-Øm¬
kn˛ A[ym-tcm]w F∂p ]d-bp-∂-sX-¥n-s\bmWv?
\. th:˛ hkvXp \yh-kvXzm-tcm-]-W-a-[ymkx. 44 A[ym-tcm-]m-]h
- m-Zm`ymw \njv{]-]©w
{]]-©y-tX 45. thsdmcp ]Zm¿Y-Øn¬ B
h-kvXp-hns\ Btcm-]n-°p-∂X
- mWv A[ym-kw.
A[ym-tcm]w sNøepw AXns\ \ncm-I-cn°epw A]-hmZw F∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. CXp
c≠pw sIm≠v {]]-©c
- l
- n-X{- _-“Ø
- n¬ {]]©-cq-]n-bmb PKØv hnkvX-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
kn:˛ Ibdv hkvXp-hm-sW∂pw k¿∏w Ahkv X p- h m- s W∂pw Icp- X p- ∂ - X p- s Im- ≠ mWv
\nßƒ Cu hn{`-a-Øn¬ s]Sp-∂-Xv. k¿∏w
hkvXp-ht√? AXv Ib-dn-en-s√-∂mWv ]d-bp-∂sX- ¶ n¬ as‰- ß m\pw Ds≠∂pw a\- n¬
AXns‚ kwkvImcw am{Xta D≈-∂p-amtWm?
F¶n¬ k¿∏w AhkvXp A√m-Xm-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
C∆Æw XqWn¬ a\p-jy≥, Nn∏n-tØm-Sn¬
sh≈n apX-em-b-h-bpsS {]Xo-Xnsb Adn-b-Ww.
kz]v \ - Ø nepw GsX√mw hkv X p- ° - f psS
{]XoXn D≠m-Ip-∂pthm Ah-sb√mw thsd-hnsS-sb-¶nepw D≠v. kwkvImcw Bflm-hn-ep-≠v.
AXn-\m¬ kz]v\hpw hkvXp-hn¬ Ah-kvXphns‚ Btcm-]-W-Øn\p kam-\-am-Ip-∂n-√.
\. th:˛ Hcn-°epw ImWm-ØXpw tIƒ°mØXpw kw`- h n- ° m- Ø Xpw kz]v \ - Ø n¬
ImWp-∂p. Xs‚ inc v s]mń, Xm≥ Ic-™psIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Pe-[mc apI-fn-te-s°m-gp-
222
44. thZm-¥-kmcw JÜw-˛6
45. A\p-`q-Xn-{]-Im-iw1-˛18
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Ip-∂p. Ch-sbms° Fßs\ kXy-amIpw?
kn:˛ C∏- d ™ kn≤m- ¥ hpw \nß- f psS
]£w ÿm]n-°p-∂-X-√. ImWp-Ibpw tIƒ°pIbpw sNømsX kwkvIm-cw 46 D≠m-hp-∂n-√.
kwkv I m- c - a n- √ msX kv a rXn- b pw, kv a rXn- b n√msX kz]v\Øn¬ A\p-`-hhpw D≠m-hp-I-bn√. Bcp- s S- s b- ¶ nepw Xe- s ]m- ´ n- s b- t ∂m,
Ahs‚ ktlm-Z-ct\m ]nXmthm bp≤-Øn¬
Ic- b p- ∂ p- s ht∂m Bsc- ¶ nepw ]d™p
tIƒ°p-Itbm ImWp-Itbm [mcm-b-{¥-Øn¬
Pew apI-fn-te-s°m-gp-Ip-∂Xp ImWp-Itbm
sNøp-tºmƒ AXns‚ kwkvImcw Ahs‚
Bflm-hn¬ D≠m-Ip-∂p. Pm{K-Zm-h-ÿ-bn¬
D≈ ]Zm¿Y-ß-fn¬ \n∂-I∂v kz]v\w ImWptºmƒ t\csØ I≠pXpw tI´-Xp-amb ]Zm¿Yßsf Xs‚ Bflm- h n¬ ImWp- ∂ p.
X∂n¬Øs∂ ImWptºmƒ kz¥w inc v
s]mń-btXm Xm≥ Ic-bp-∂-tXm, Pew apI-fnte-s°m-gp-Ip-∂tXm ImWp-∂p. CXpw hkvXphn¬ Ah-kvXp-hns‚ Btcm-]-W-Øn\p kZriy- a - √ . `q]Sw hc- b v ° p- ∂ - b mƒ t\csØ
I≠Xpw tI´-Xp-ambhsb Bflm-hn¬ \ns∂SpØv IS-em- n¬ ]I¿Øp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bm-WnXv. Nn{X-sa-gp-Xp-∂-bmƒ Zriyw-I≠v a\- nem°n B BIrXn ]I¿Øp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bmsW∂pw ]d-bmw, Mvlm! H∂p-≠v. h√-t∏mgpw
kz]v \ - Ø n¬ kv a c- W bp- ≈ - s X∂ {]Xo- X n.
Xs‚ A[ym-]-Is\ ImWp∂p F∂-Xp-t]mse
D≠m- t b- ° mw. Nne- t ∏mƒ hf- s c- ° mew
I≠Xpw tI´Xpw sNbvX-Xp-ambXns\ ImWpI-bm-sW-¶n¬Øs∂ CXp Rm≥ I≠Xpw
tI´Xpw sNbvX-Xp-amWv F∂ tXm∂¬. Pm{KØn¬ D≠m-Ip-∂-Xp-t]mse hgn-t]mse kz]v\Øn¬ D≠m-Ip-∂n-√. t\m°q! P∑\m A‘\v
cq]-Øns‚ kz]v\w D≠m-hp-Itb C√. AXn\m¬ \nß-fpsS A[ym-k-Øn-s‚bpw A[ymtcm-]-Øn-s‚bpw e£Ww sX‰m-Wv. AXpt]mse thZm-¥n-If
- psS hnh¿Ø-hmZw AYhm
Ib-dn¬ k¿∏sØ tXm∂n-°p-∂-hÆw {_“Øn¬ PK- Ø ns‚ {]Xo- X n- b p- ≠ m- I p- s ∂∂
hmZhpw icn-b-√.
\. th:˛ A[n-jvTm-\-an-√msX A[y-kvX46. kwkvImcw F∂-Xn\v Hcp hkvXp-hns\
kw_-‘n® {]mY-anI ⁄m\w F∂¿Yw.
Øns‚ {]Xo-Xn-bp-≠m-hp-I-bn-√. Ib-dn-s√¶n¬ k¿∏-Øns‚ {]Xo-Xn-bp-≠m-hpIbn√.
Ib-dn¬ k¿∏-{]-XoXn aq∂p Ime-ßf
- n-te-°pan-√. shfn-®hpw Ccp´pw Iptds» D≈-t∏mƒ
Ahn-Nm-cn-Xa
- mbn Ib-dp-Ij
- Ww InS-°p-∂Xp
ImWp-tºmƒ CXp ]mtºm F∂p kwi-bn®v
`b∂p hnd-bv°p-∂p. hnf-°p-sIm≠p h∂p
t\m°n-bm¬ kwi-bhpw `bhpw amdp-∂p.
AXp-t]mse {_“-Øne PK-Øns‚ anYym
{]XoXn D≠m-b-Xn\v {_“-km-£m-XvImcw
D≠m- I p- t ºmƒ \nhr- Ø nbpw {_“- { ]XoXnbpw D≠m-Ipw. k¿∏-Øns‚ {]Xo-Xnbpw
\nhr-Ønbpw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xp-t]m-se.
kn:˛ {_“-Øn¬ PK-Øns‚ {]XoXn D≠mb-Xm¿°v?
\. th:˛ Poh-\v.
kn:˛ Poh≥ Fhn-Sp-∂p-≠mbn?
\. th:˛ A⁄m-\-Øn¬ \n∂v.
kn:˛ A⁄m\w Fhn-Sp-∂p-≠mbn? F-hn-Sncn-°p∂p?
\.th:˛ A⁄m\w A\m-Zn-bm-Wv. {_“Øn-emWv Ccn-°p-∂-Xv.
kn:˛ {_“-Øn¬ {_“-Øns‚ A⁄m-\ap-≠mtbm AtXm, a‰p h√-Xn-s‚-bptam? B
A⁄m\w D≠mb-Xm¿°mWv?
\. th:˛ NnZm-`m-k-Øn\v
kn:˛ NnZm-`m-k-Øns‚ kzcq-]-sa-¥mWv?
\. th:˛ {_“w, {_“-Øn\v {_“-Øns‚
A⁄m\w AXm-bXv Xs‚ kzcq-]sØ Xm≥
Xs∂ hnkva-cn-°p-∂p.
kn:˛ Aßs\ ad-°p-∂-Xn-s‚ \nan-Ø-sa¥mWv?
\. th:˛ AhnZy
kn:˛ AhnZy k¿h-hym-]n-bp-sSbpw k¿h⁄- s ‚bpw KpWtam AtXm Aev ] - ⁄ s‚tbm?
\. th:˛ Aev]-⁄s‚
kn:˛ At∏mƒ \nß-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-Øn¬
Hcp A\¥ k¿h⁄ ssNX-\ysØ IqSmsX
c≠m-a-sXmcp tNX\w Dt≠m C√tbm? Aev]⁄≥ Fhn-sS-\n∂p h∂p? B Aev]-⁄≥
tNX-\-\pw, {_“-Øn¬ \n∂p `n\pam-sW∂v
223
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂Xp icn Xs∂. Hcn-SØv {_“Øn\v kz¥w kzcq-]-Øns‚ A⁄m\w D≠mIp-sa-¶n¬ AXv k¿h{X hym]n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibn-√. ico-cØ
- n¬ Hcn-SØv ]cp h∂m¬ AXs‚
thZ\ ico-cmw-Kß
- s
- f-sb√mw Xf¿Øn-°f
- b
- pw.
CXp-t]mse {_“-hpw. Hcn-SØv A⁄m-\nbpw
t¢i- b p- ‡ - h p- a m- b m¬k¿h{X A⁄m- \ ]q¿Whpw t¢i-bp-‡-hp-am-bn-Øo-cpw.
\.th:˛ CsX√mw D]m-[n-bpsS [¿a-am-Wv.
{_“-Øn-t‚-X-√.
kn:˛ D]m[n PUtam tNX-\tam? kXytam
Ak-Xytam?
\. th:˛ A\n¿h-N-\o-b-am-Wv. AXm-bXv
AXv PUtam tNX- \ tam kXytam AkXytam F∂p ]d-bpI hø.
kn:˛ C∏-db
- p-∂Xv "hZtXm hymLmXx'bv°p
Xpey-am-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ Ahn-Zy-sb∂p \nßƒ
]dbp∂ AXv PUtam tNX-\tam kXytam
Ak-Xytam F∂p ]d-bpI hø. kz¿Whpw
]n®-fbpw Ie¿∂ temlw kz¿W-hym-]m-cnbpsS ASp-Øp-sIm-≠p-sN∂v CXp kz¿Wtam
]n®-ftbm F∂p am‰p-c®
- p-t\m°n ]d-bm≥ Bhiy-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ ""CXp kz¿W-a-s√∂pw ]n®-fb-s√∂pw ]d-bpI hø. c≠p-ap-≠n-Xn¬'' F∂p
]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bm-Wn-Xv.
\. th:˛ t\m°q! LSm-Imiw, aTm-Im-iw,
taLm-Imiw F∂nh al-Zm-Im-i-Øn\v D]m[n-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se, AXm-bXv LSw,
aTw, taLm- I miw F∂nh D≈- X n- \ m¬
BImiw sht∆- s d- b m- s W∂p tXm∂p- s a¶nepw F√mw al-Zm-Imiw Xs∂-bm-W-t√m.
Aß- s \- X s∂ amb, Ahn- Z y, ka- j v S n,
hyjvSn, A¥x-I-cWw F∂o D]m-[n-I-fm¬
A⁄m-\n-Iƒ°v {_“w sht∆-sd-bm-sW∂p
tXm∂p-sa-¶nepw hmkvX-h-Øn¬ H∂p-X-s∂bm-Wv. Cu {]am-W-Øn-se¥p ]d-bp-s∂∂p
t\m°q˛
A·n-cy-ssY-tIm`qh\w {]hnjvtSm cq]w
cq]w {]Xncqt]m _`qh GI-kvXYm kcvh`q-Xm-¥-cmflm cq]w cq]w {]Xncqt]m _ln› 47.
\o≠-Xv, hoXn-bp-≈-Xv, Dcp-≠-Xv, sNdn-b47. ItTm-]-\n-jXv 5.9
Xv, hen-bXv F∂n-ßs\ BIr-Xn-t`-Z-ap≈
]Zm¿Y-ßf
- n¬ hym]n-°p∂ A·n°v AXmXv
BIrXn e`n-°p-sa-¶nepw AsXm∂pw A·nbpsS BIr- X n- b - √ m- X n- c n- ° p- ∂ - X p- t ]mse,
k¿h-hym-]-I-\mb ]c-am-flmhv A¥x-I-c-WmZn- I - f n¬ hym]n®v A¥x- I - c - W m- I rXn
ssIs°m-≈p-s∂-¶nepw Ah-bn¬ \n∂v `n∂\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
k:˛ \nßfo ]dbp∂Xpw shdp-sX-bm-Wv.
LSw, aTw, taLw, BImiw F∂nh `n∂-ßfm-sW∂v hnNm-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse Imc-W-˛-Imcy-cq-]-amb PK-Øv, Poh≥ F∂nh {_“-Øn¬
\n∂pw {_“w Ch-bn¬ \n∂pw `n∂-am-sW∂p
[cn-®p-sIm-≈p-I.
\. th:˛ A·n F√m-Ønepw {]th-in®v
AXm- X ns‚ AIr- X n- s sI- s °m- ≈ p- ∂ - X pt]mse ImWp-∂p. CXp-t]mse ]c-am-flmhpw
PU Pohm- Z n- I - f n¬ hym]n®v Hmtcmtcm
BIrXn ssIs°m-≈p-∂-Xmbn A⁄m-\nIƒ°pw tXm∂p-∂p. bYm¿Y-Øn¬ {_“w
PU-hp-a-√, Poh-\p-a-√. kqcy≥ Ht∂-bp-s≈¶nepw Bbncw \nd-Ip-Sß
- f
- n¬ Bbncw {]Xn_nw_w ImWmw. IpS-an-√m-Xm-bm-tem, sh≈w
Hgp-In-∏c
- ∂
- mtem kqcy≥ \in-°p-It- bm, HgpIn-∏-c-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂n-√. AXp-t]mse
A¥x-I-c-W-Øn¬ {_“-Øns‚ B`m-kw-˛-NnZm-`mkw F∂p ]d-bp-∂X
- v˛ ]Xn-®n-cn-°b
- mWv.
A¥x- I - c - W - a p- ≈ n- S - t Ømfw Imew Poh\pap≠v. ⁄m\w-sIm≠v A¥x-I-cWw \jvSam-Ip-tºmƒ Poh≥ {_“-kz-cq-]a
- m-Ip-∂p. Cu
NnZm- ` m- k sØ X\n°v kzbw kn≤- a mb
{_“-kz-cq-]-Øns‚ A⁄m-\-Im-cW-am-bpw,
t`m‡m-hm-bpw, kpJn-bpw, ZpxJn-bpw, ]m]nbpw, ]pWy- h m\pw P\- \ - a - c - W - a p- ≈ - h \pw
Bbn Btcm-]n-°p-∂-{Xbpw Imew kmwkmcnI _‘-Øn¬ \n∂p ap‡-\m-Ip-∂n-√.
kn:˛ \nß-fpsS Cu DZm-l-c-Whpw A¿Y-ap≈-X-√. Fs¥-∂m¬, kqcy\pw IpS-Øn\pw
BIr-Xn-bp-≠v. kqcy≥ IpS-Øn¬ \n∂pw IpSw
kqcy- \ n¬ \n∂pw `n∂- a mIbmemWv {]Xn_nw_w D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. \ncm-Im-c-ß-fm-sW-¶n¬
{]Xn-_nw_w D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. ]c-am-flmhv \ncmIm-c\pw BImiw t]mse k¿h-hym-]n-bp-am-Ibm¬ GsX-¶nepw hkvXp {_“-Øn¬ \nt∂m,
{_“w GsX-¶nepw hkvXp-hn¬ \nt∂m thdn-
224
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
´-Xm-Im≥ hø. hym]y-˛-hym-]I _‘-Øm¬
H∂m-Im\pw hø. AXm-bXv A\z-b-˛-hy-Xn-tcI
`mth\ t\m°p-tºmƒ hym]y-˛-hym-]-I-ßƒ
H∂mbpw kZm sht∆-sd-bmbpw Ccn-°p-∂p.
H∂m-sW-¶n¬, AXn¬ Hcn-°epw hym]y-˛-hym]-I-_‘w D≠m-hp-I-tb-bn-√. CXv _rl-Zm-cWy- I - Ø nse A¥- c ym- a o- { _m- l v a W- Ø n¬
kv]jvS-ambn Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. 48 IqSmsX {_“Øns‚ "B`m-khpw' {]Xn-_nw-_n-°n-√. BIrXn-bn-√m-ØX
- n\p {]Xn-_nw_w D≠m-hpI Akw`hy- a m- W v. A¥x- I - c - t Wm- ] m- [ n- s Im≠v
{_“sØ Poh-\mbn ImWp-I-bm-sW--∂m-sW¶n¬ shdpw _meni hm°p-I-fm-Wn-h. A¥xI-cWw Nen-°p-∂Xpw JWvUhpw , {_“w ANehpw AJ-WvU-hp-am-Wv. \nßƒ CXn-\p-Øcw
]dbq:˛ Fhn- s S- s b√mw A¥x- I - c Ww
t]mIptam Ahn-sS-sb-√m-ap≈ {_“sØ
A⁄m-\n-bpw, Fhn-sS-sb√mw shSn-bptam
Ahn-sS-sb-√m-ap≈ {_“sØ ⁄m\nbpw
B-°p-I-bnt√? {]Im-i-Øn-\-Sn-bn-ep≈ IpS
\oßp-∂-Xn-\-\p-k-cn®v {]Imiw ambp-Ibpw
sXfn-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse A¥x-I-cWw
{]Xn-£Ww {_“sØ ⁄m\nbpw A⁄m\nbpw _≤\pw ap‡\pw B°n-s°m-≠n-cn°pw. AJ-WvUa
- mb {_“-Øns‚ Hcn-SØ
- p-≠mIp∂ Bh-c-W-i‡n F√m-bn-SØpw D≠m-Ip∂-Xn-\m¬ {_“w apgp-h≥ A⁄m-\n-bm-Ipw.
Fs¥-∂m¬ AXv tNX-\-amWv, IqSmsX aYpc-bn¬ h®v A-¥x-I-c-W-Øn-ep≈ {_“w I≠
hkvXp-hns‚ Hm¿a AtX A¥x-Ic
- W
- Ø
- n-ep≈
{_“-Øn\v Imin-bn¬ h®v D≠m-hp-I-bn-√.
A\yZrjvS-at\ym \ kvacXn F∂ \ymbØm¬ Hcp-h≥ I≠-Xns\ as‰m-cp-h\v Hm¿an°pI hø. aYp-c-bn¬ I≠ NnZm-`mkw Iminbn¬ C√t√m a[p-c-bn-ep≈ A¥xIc-W-Øn\v
{]Im-i-ap-≠m-°n-bXv Imin-bnse {_“-a-√.
{_“-amWv Poh≥. as‰m-∂√ F∂p hcn-In¬
Poh≥ k¿h-⁄-\m-bn-cn-°-Ww. {_“-Øns‚
{]Xn-_nw_w thsdbm-sW-¶n¬ {]Xn-`n-⁄-X˛-ap-ºp-I-≠-Xn-s‚bpw tI´-Xn-s‚bpw Adn-hv˛
B¿°pw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. {_“w GI-am-bp-sIm≠mWv kv a c- W - b p- ≠ m- I p- ∂ - s X- ¶ n¬ Hcp
ÿeØv A⁄m-\hpw ZpxJhpw D≠m-bm¬
{_“w apgp-h\pw A⁄m-\hpw ZpxJhpw D≠mI-Ww. CØcw DZm-l-c-W-ßƒsIm≠v \nXyip- ≤ - _ p≤ ap‡ kz`m- h n- b mb {_“sØ
\nßƒ Aip-≤-˛-A-⁄m-\-_-≤mZn tZmj-ßfp-≈-Xm-°n-Øo¿Øp-I-f-™p. AJ-WvUsØ
JWvU-ß-fm-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
\. th:˛ \ncm-Im-c-Øn-s‚bpw B`mkw
D≠m- I p- ∂ p. IÆm- S n- b nepw Pe- Ø nepw
BImiw {]Xn- ^ - e n- ° m- d p≠v \oe- h ¿WØntem a‰p-hn-[-Øntem Kwò-chpw Kl-\-hpambn ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. AXp-t]mse {_“Øns‚ NnZm-`mkw F√m A¥x-I-c-W-Ønepw
]Xn-bp-∂p.
kn:˛ BIm- i - Ø n\v cq]ta C√m- Ø - X psIm≠v, AXv IÆn\p hnj-b-a-√. ImWp-Itb
C√m-Ø-Xns\ IÆm-Sn-bntem sh≈-Øntem
at‰m Fßs\ ImWpw? Kwò-c-amtbm AKm-[amtbm Im-Wp∂ hkvXp kmImcamWv. \ncmIm-c-a-√.
\. th:˛ ]ns∂, apI-fn¬ \oen®p ImWp∂Xpw IÆm-Sn-bnepw Pe-Ønepw {]Xn-_nw_n-°p-∂Xpw F¥p hkvXp-hmWv?
kn:˛ AXv `qan-bn¬ \n∂p ]d-∂p-b¿∂
sh≈w, aÆv, A·n, F∂n-h-bpsS {Xk-tc-Wp°-fm-Wv. ag D≠m-Ip-∂n-SØv sh≈-an-s√-¶n¬
]ns∂ Fhn-Sp∂v ag-bp-≠mIpw? AXn-\m¬ AIse-b-Ise IqSmcw t]mse ImWp-∂Xp Pecmin-bm-Ip-∂p. aqS¬ a™v Zqsc \n∂p t\m°ptºmƒ hnc-f-ambpw Aßnßv Iq´w t]msebpw
ImWp- ∂ Xp t]mse- b m- W v . BIm- i - Ø n¬
sh≈w ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. 49
\. th:˛ Rß-fpsS c÷q k¿∏w, kz]v\w
XpS-ßnb ZrjvSm-¥-ß¬ anYy-bm-sWt∂m?
kn:˛ A√, \nß-fpsS Adn-hmWv anYy-sb∂p
t\csØ ]d-™p. 50 icn, A⁄m\w BZyw
B¿°m-Wp-≠m-Ip-∂-sX∂p ]d-bq.
\. th:˛ {_“-Øn-\v.
kn:˛ {_“w Aev]⁄
t\m k¿h-⁄t\m?
\. th:˛ k¿h-⁄-\p-a-√. Aev]-⁄-\p-a√. Fs¥-∂m¬, k¿h-⁄-Xzhpw D]m-[n49. t]Pv 369-˛epw Cu hnjbw N¿® sNbvXn-´p-≠v.
50 t]Pv.....
48. _rlZm-c-WyI D]-\n-jØv 3.7
225
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
tbmSp IqSn-b-Xnte D≠m-hp-I-bp-≈q.
kn:˛ D]m-[n-tbmSp IqSn-b-h≥ BcmWv?
\. th:˛ {_“w
kn:˛ At∏mƒ {_“w Xs∂- b m- W t√m
k¿h- ⁄ \pw Aev]- ⁄ \pw BbXv?
Aßs\-bm-sW-¶n¬ k¿h⁄-Xzhpw Aev]⁄-Xzhpw {_“-Øn-\n-s√∂v \nßƒ \ntj[n®p ]d-™-sX¥v? D]m[n shdpw Iev]nXw
AYhm anYy-bm-sW-¶n¬ B Iev]-\-bpsS
I¿Øm-hmcv?
\. th:˛ Poh≥ {_“tam a‰p-h-√-Xptam?
kn:˛ as‰m- ∂ m- W v . Fs¥- ∂ m¬, Poh≥
{_“w Xs∂- s b- ¶ n¬ anYym- I ev ] - \ - b psS
I¿Ømhp {_“w Xs∂-bm-sW∂p h∂p-Iq-Spw.
Aßs\ hcm≥ hgn-bn-√. BcpsS Iev]\ anYybmtWm Ah≥ Hcn-°epw kXy-kz-cq-]-\m-bncn-°m\pw Xc-an-√.
\. th:˛ kXyhpw Ak-Xyhpw anYy-bmsW∂p Rßƒ hnNm-cn-°p-∂p. hm°p-Iƒ
Dcn-bm-Sp-∂Xpw anYy-X-s∂.
kn:˛ \nßƒ I≈w ]d-bp∂hcpw kzoI-cn°p-∂-hcpw BsW-¶n¬ F¥p-sIm≠v I≈-∑mc√?
\. th:˛ hcs´! Ak-Xyhpw kXyhpw \Ωfn¬ Xs∂bmWp Iev]n-Xw. \mw c≠n-s‚bpw
km£nbpw A[n-jvTm-\-hp-am-Wv.
kn:˛ \nßƒ kXy-Øn-s‚bpw Ak-Xy-Øns‚bpw B[m- c - a m- s W- ¶ n¬, I≈\pw
km£nbpw Hcm-fm-bXp t]mse-bm-bn. AXn\m¬ \nßƒ {]mam-Wn-I-c-√. kZm kXyw
kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw ]d-bp-Ibpw {]h¿Øn-°pIbpw sNøp∂ BfmWv {]mam-Wn-I≥. \nßfpsS hm°v \nßƒ Xs∂ Ak-Xy-am-°p-tºmƒ
\nßƒ X\nsb anYym-hm-Zn-I-fm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.
\. th:˛ A\m-Zn-bmb amb {_“sØ
B{i- b n- ° p- I bpw, {_“sØ Bh- c Ww
sNøp-∂-Xp-amb ambsb \nß-fw-Ko-I-cn-°p∂pthm C√tbm?
kn:˛ AwKo- I - c n- ° p- ∂ n- √ . Fs¥- ∂ m¬
\nßƒ amb-bv°¿Yw ]d-bp-∂-Xv, ""C√mØ
hkvXp hnf-ßp-∂Xv'' F∂m-W-t√m. lrZ-b51. 6.8.4.
°Æp s]mń- b - h t\ CXw- K o- I - c n- ° m- \ m- h q.
C√mØ hkvXp Ds≠∂p tXm∂pI XnI®pw
Akw-`-hy-am-Wv. h‘y-bpsS ]p{Xs‚ {]Xn_nw_w Hcn- ° epw D≠m- h n- √ . ""k∑qemx
tkmtayamx {]Pmx'' 51 XpS-ßnb OmtµmKy
hN-\-ßƒ°p hncp-≤-am-Wo∏-d-bp-∂-sX-√mw.
\. th:˛ \nß-tf-°mƒ hnZzm-∑m-cmb hknjvT≥, i¶-cm-Nm-cy¿ XpSßn \n›-e-Zm-k≥
hsc- b p- ≈ - h ¿ Fgp- X n- b - X ns\ \nßƒ
JWvUn-°p-∂pthm? hkn-jvT≥. i¶-cm-Nm-cy¿
\nivNe
- Z- m-k≥ XpS-ßn-bh
- c
- mWv Gsd ]WvUnX-∑m-sc∂v Rßƒ°p tXm∂p-∂p.
kn:˛ \nßƒ hnZzmt\m Ahn-Zzmt\m?
\. th:˛ \Ωfpw H´p hnZzm≥ Xs∂.
kn:˛ F¶n¬, hkn-jvT≥, i¶-cm-Nm-cy¿,
\n›-e-Zm-k≥ F∂n-h-cpsS ]£w \ΩpsS
apºn¬ ka¿Yn- ° p- I . \Ωƒ JWv U \w
sNømw. BcpsS ]£w kn≤n-°p-∂pthm AXv
t{ijvTw. Ah-cp-tSbpw \nß-fp-sSbpw hmZw
AJ-WvU-\o-b-am-sW-¶n¬, Ah-cpsS hmZ-ap-JßƒsIm≠v \Ωp-tSXns\ F¥p-sIm≠p JWvUn-°p-∂n√? At∏m-gt√ \nß-fp-sSbpw Ah-cpsSbpw hmZw am\y-amhq?
i¶-cm-Nm-cycpw a‰pw ssP\n-Isf JWvUn°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv Cu aXw kzoI-cn-®-sX∂- \ p- a m- \ n- ° - W w. tZi- I m- e m- \ p- k r- X - a mbn
kz¥w ]£w ÿm]n- ° p- ∂ - X n- \ p- t h- ≠ n
kzm¿Yn-I-fmb hfsc hnZzm-∑m¿ kz¥w Bfl⁄m-\Ø
- n\p hn]-co-Xa
- mbn {]h¿Øn-°m-dp-≠t√m. IqSmsX Cu Imcy-ß-sf, AXm-bXv Pothiz-ssc-Iyw, PK-∑nYy XpS-ßn-b-hsb kXyw-Xs∂-sb-∂p AwKo-I-cn-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬, Ah-cpsS
hm°p-Iƒ kXy-am-hp-I-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p.
\n›-e-Zm-ks‚ ]mWvUnXyw
\n›-e-Zm-ks‚ ]mWvUnXyw t\m°q. Cßs\-bm-Wv. "Pothm {_“mf`n∂-t›-X-\-XzmXv'
At±lw 'hrØn{]`mIc-Øn¬' Poh-{_-ss“Iy-Øns‚ A\p-am\w Fgp-Xp-I-bm-Wv. tNX-\am-I-bm¬ Poh≥ {_“-Øn¬ \n∂v A`n-∂-amWv. hfsc Aev]-⁄-\mb Bfns‚ ]d-®n¬
t]men-cn-°p-∂p. km[¿ayw D≈-Xp-sIm-≠pam{Xw c≠p hkvXp-°ƒ H∂m-sW∂p hcp-∂n√. ssh[¿ayw t`Z-Ia
- m-Wv. "]rYn-ho-Pemf`n∂m
PU- X zmXv ' PU- a m- b - X n- \ m¬ ]rYn- h nbpw
226
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Pehpw A`n- ∂ - a m- s W∂v Bsc- ¶ nepw ]d™m¬ AXp icn-b-√. AtX-t]mse \n›-eZm-ks‚ A\p-am-\-Øn\pw A¿Y-an-√. Aev]Xzw, Aev]-⁄-X, {`m¥n-aØzw apX-emb [¿aßƒ {_“-Øn¬ \n∂p hncp-≤a
- mbn Poh-\nepw
k¿h- K X k¿h- ⁄ - X , \n¿{`m- ¥ n- Ø zmZn
ssh[¿ay-ßƒ {_“-Øn¬ Poh\p hncp-≤-ambn-´p-≠v. AXn-\m¬ {_“hpw Poh\pw `n∂--ßfm-Wv. K‘w, {ZhXzw apX-emb KpW-ßƒ°v
hncp-≤-am-I-bm¬ ]rYn-hnbpw Pehpw H∂-√mØ-Xp-t]mse Poh\pw {_“hpw ssh[¿ay-ßfp-≈-h-bm-Ibm¬ H∂m-bn-cp-∂n-√. A√, Hcn°epw Bhp-I-bp-an-√. \n›eZmk\pw a‰pw
F¥p ]mWvUn-Xy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-s∂∂v CXn¬
\n∂p a\- n-em-°p-I. tbmKm-h-knjvTw D≠m°n-bXv B[p-\n-I-\mb GtXm thZm-¥n-bmWv. hmevao-Intbm hkn-jvTt\m {iocm-at\m
AXp-≠m-°p-Itbm sNm√n-s°m-Sp-°p-Itbm
sNbvXn-ń-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ Ah-sc√mw thZm\p-bm-bn-I-fmbncp∂p. thZ-hn-cp-≤-ambn H∂pw
cNn- ° p- I tbm ]d- ™ p- t Iƒ∏n- ° p- I tbm
sNøm≥ Ah¿°m-hp-I-bn-√.
imco-cnI kq{X-ß-fnepw C√
tNmZyw:˛ hymk-a-l¿jn cNn-®n-´p≈ imcocnI kq{X-ß-fnepw Poh-{_-ss“Iyw ImWp∂n- s √- ∂ mtWm? t\m°q:˛ 1. kºm- Z ymffhncv`mhx tkz\ i_vZm-Zv. 2. {_m“tW
ssPan\n cq]-\ym-km-Zn`yx 3. NnXn-X∑
- m-t{XW
XZm-flIXzmZn-Xyu-Up-teman 4. Gh-a-]yp-]\ym-kmXv ]qcvh`
- m-hmZ hntcm[w _mZ-cm-bWx
5. AX Gh Nm\\y [n]-Xnx 52
A¿Yw:˛
1. Poh≥ kz¥w kzcq- ] sØ {]m]n®v
{]ISamIp-∂p. apºv AXv {_“-kz-cq-]-am-bn-cp∂p. kzx i_vZ-Øn¬ \n∂v {_“-cq]w F∂p
{Kln- ° - W w. 2. Abm- a mflmf]l- X - ] mflm
CXymZn D]-\ym-k-ß-fp-≈-Xp-sIm≠v sFiz-cy{]m]vXn hsc-bp≈ tlXp-°-fm¬ {_“-cq-]Øn¬ Poh≥ ÿnXn sNøp- ∂ p. F∂mWv
ssPan\n BNm-cys‚ aXw. 3. _rl-Zm-c-Wy-IØnse XZm-fl-I-kz-cq] \ncq-]Ww apX-emb
tlXp-cq] hN-\-ßƒ \nan-Øw, ssNX-\y-am{X
kzcq-]-ambn Poh≥ ap‡n-bn¬ ÿnXn sNøp52.
∂p-sh-∂mWv HuUp-teman BNm-cys‚ aXw.
4. C∏-d™ D]-\ymkw sFiz-cy-{]m]vXn XpSßnb tlXp-°sf ap≥\n¿Øn Poh≥ {_“kz-cq-]-am-sW∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xn\v hntcm-[-an-s√∂v
hymk- a - l ¿jn hnNm- c n- ° p- ∂ p. 5. tbmKn
sFizcy klnXw kz¥w {_“- c q- ] sØ
{]m]n®v A\y A[n-]-Xn-bn-√msX AXm-bXv
Xm≥ Xm\mbn k¿hm-[n-]Xn cq]-amb {_“-cq]-Øn¬ ap‡n-bn¬ ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂p.
DØcw:˛ Cu kq{X-ß-fpsS A¿Yw Cßs\- b - √ . icn- b mb A¿Yw C{]- I m- c - a m- W v .
tI´mepw 1. F√m amen-\y-ßfpw C√m-Xm-bn,
kz¥w kzIo-b-ip-≤-kz-cq-]-tØbpw ]hn-{X-Xtbbpw ssIh-cn-°p-∂-Xp-hsc Poh\v tbmKØn¬ \n∂v sFiz-cy-tØbpw A¥-cym-an-bmb
{_“-sØbpw {]m]n®v B\-µ-Øn¬ ÿnXn
sNøp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂X
- √
- . 2. Cßs\ ]m]-ßfpw
a‰pw C√mØ sFiz-cy-bp-‡-\mb tbmKn-bmbm¬, At∏mƒ {_“-tØmSp tN¿∂v ap‡nbpsS B\µw A\p-`-hn°mw F∂v ssPan\n
BNm-cy≥ ]d-bp-∂p. 3. AhnZy XpS-ßnb tZmjß-fn¬ \n∂p ap‡-ambn ssNX\y kzcq-]Øn¬ Poh≥ ÿnc-am-Iptºmƒ XZm-fl-IXzw
AYhm {_“-kz-cq-]-_‘w e`n-°p∂p F∂v
HuUp-teman BNm-cy≥ ]d-bp-∂p. 4. {_“tØm- s Sm∏w sFiz- c yhpw ip≤- ⁄ m- \ hpw
{]m]n®v Pohn-®n-cn-°th Xs∂ Poh-∑p-‡-\mIp- t ºmƒ \n¿a- e - a mb kz¥w ]q¿h- c q]w
{]m]n®v B\-µn-°m≥ Ign-bp∂p F∂mWv
hymk-ap-\n-bpsS aXw.
tbmKn-bpsS k¶ev]w kXyam-Ip-tºmƒ
X\ntb Cuiz-cs\ {]m]n®v tam£-kpJw A\p`-hn-°p-∂p. AhnsS kz¥w A[o-\-Øn¬ kzX{¥-\mbn h¿Øn-°p-∂p. temI-Øn¬ Hcp-h≥
{][m-\nbpw as‰m-cmƒ A{]-[m-\n-bp-am-bn-cn-°p∂-Xp-t]mse tam£-Øn¬ C√. F√m ap‡Po-h∑
- mcpw Xpey-cm-Wv. Aßs\bs√-¶n¬ C\nsb-gp-Xp∂ kq{X-ßƒ°v F¥mWv kmwKXyw?
1. t\X-tc-f\p-]-]t-Øx. 2. t`Z-hy-]-tZ-im-®. 3.
hnti- j - W - t `- Z - h y- ] - t Z- i ym`yw- t \- X cu 4.
Akvan-∂ky N XtZymKw imkvXn. 5. A¥-
th.-Z.4.4.1,5,6,7,9.
227
53. 1,2,4,5,6 F∂nh {Ia-Øn¬ 1˛mw A[ymbw 1˛mw
]mZ-Ønse 16, 17, 19, 20, 21 kq{X-ßfpw 3, 7, 8, 9, 10
F∂nh 1˛mw A[ymbw 2˛mw ]mZ-Ønse 22, 11, 3,
18, 20 kq{X-ß-fp-am-Wv.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
kvX-≤¿tam-]-tZ-im-Xv. 6. t`Z-hy-]-tZ-im-®m\y:
7. Kplmw {]hn-jvSm-hm-flm\u ln X±¿i-\mXv. 8. A\p-]-]-tØkvXp \ imco-cx. 9. A¥cym-ay-[n-tZ-hm-Zn-jp-X-≤¿a hy]-tZ-im-Xv. 10.
imco-ct- ›m-`t- b]n-f ln t`tZ-ss\-\a
- [
- o-bt- X.
(hym- k - a p- \ n- I rX thZm- ¥ - Z ¿i\ kq{Xßƒ.) 53
A¿∞w:-˛ 1. {_“-Øn¬ \n∂p `n∂-amb
Poh≥ krjvSn I¿Øm-h-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ Cu
Aev]\
- pw, Aev]⁄
\
- pw, Aev]k
- a
- ¿Y-\p-amb
Poh\v krjvSn I¿ØrXzw tbmPn-°p-∂-X-√.
AXn-\m¬ Poh≥ {_“-a-√.
2. ckw tlyhmbw e_v[zm-\-µo-`-hXn CXv
D]-\n-jZ
- z-N\
- a
- m-Wv. 54Poh\pw {_“hpw `n∂am-I-bm¬ Ah-bpsS hyXymkw {]Zn-]m-Zn-®n-cn°p-∂p. Aß-s\-b-√m-Ø-]£w "ckw' AYhm
B\-µ-cq-]n-bmb {_“sØ {]m]n®v Poh≥
B\µ kzcq-]-\m-bn-Øo-cq∂p F∂ {]m]vXn
hnj-b-amb {_“-Øn-s‚bpw {]m]n-°p-∂-Xmb
Poh-s‚bpw {]Xn-]m-Z\w tbmPn-°p-∂-Xm-hp-Ibn-√. AXn-\m¬ Poh\pw {_“hpw H∂-√.
3. Znthym lyaq¿Øx]cpjx k _mlym`y-¥t- cm-lyPx A{]mtWm lya-\mx-ip-t{`m-£tcmXv ]c-Xx-]c
- x(-ap-fi.2.1.2) Znhy-hpw. ip≤hpw
aq¿Ø-a√
- m-ØX
- pw, k¿h{X ]q¿Whpw AIhpw
]pdhpw \nc-¥cw hym]-Ihpw P∑ acW ico-c[m-c-WmZn cln-X-hpw, izmk-{]-izm-kw, ico-cw,
a\ v F∂n-h-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn-\-Xo-X-hpw,
{]Imi kzcq-]hpw F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ ]c-am-flhn-ti-jW
- ß
- f
- p-≈X
- pw, "A£cw' AYhm \mic-ln-X-amb {]Ir-Xn-tb-°mƒ kq£va-amb Poht\-°mƒ kq£va-hp-amWv {_“w. {]Ir-Xn,
Pohm-flm-°ƒ F∂n-hsb At]-£n®v {_“Øn- s \¥p t`Z- s a∂ {]Xn- ] m- Z \w D≈- X psIm≠v {]IrXn, Poh≥ F∂n-h-bn¬ \n∂p
`n∂-amWv {_“w.
4. Cu k¿h-hym-]n-bmb {_“--Øn¬ Pohs‚
tN¿® AYhm Poh-\n¬ {_“-Øns‚ tN¿®
{]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-´p-≈-Xp-sIm≠v {_“hpw Poh\pw
`n∂-am-Wv. tN¿® `n∂hkvXp-°ƒ XΩnte
D≠m-Ip-h-t√m.
5. Cu {_“-Øns‚ B¥-cym-anXzw apX-emb
[¿a-ß-tf-∏‰n ]d-™p. {_“w Pohs‚ AI54. ssXØ-cob D]-\n-jXv {_“m-\-µ-h√n 7.
tabpw hym]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ hym]y-amb
Poh\pw hym]-I-\mb {_“hpw `n∂-ß-fm-Wv.
6. ]c-am-flmhv Poh-\n¬\n∂v `n∂-kz-cq-]nbmbncn°p-∂-Xp-t]mse C{µn-b-ßƒ, A¥-xIc-Ww, ]rYnhn apX-emb `qX-ßƒ, Zn°v, hmbp,
kqcy≥, apX-em-bh Znhy-Kp-W-bp-‡-cm-b-Xn\m¬ tZh-kw-⁄-bv°¿l-cmb hnZzm-∑m¿ apXem-b-h-cn¬ \n∂pw `n∂-\m-Ip-∂p.
7. "Kplmw {]hnjvSu kpIr-Xky temtI'
XpS- ß nb D]- \ n- j - Z z- N - \ - ß fpw Poh\pw
{_“hpw sht∆-sd-bm-sW∂p sXfn-bn-°p-∂p.
D]-\n-j-Øp-I-fn¬ hfsc ÿe-ß-fn¬ Cu
A`n-{]mbw Fgp-Xn-bn´p≠v.
8. ico-tc-`h
- i
- m-co-cx.. ico-c[
- m-cn-bmb Poh≥
{_“-a-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ {_“-Øns‚ KpW-I¿akz-`m-h-ßƒ Po-h\v tNcp-∂-h-b-√.
9. A[n-tZ-h˛- -F√m Znhy-hpw, a\ v C{µn-bßƒ apX-emb ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ A[n-`q-X˛- ]
- r-Ynho
apX-emb `qX-ßƒ, A[ym-fl-˛-k¿h Pohm-flm°ƒ F∂n-h-bn-se√mw ]c-am-flmhv A¥-cyman-bmbn h¿Øn-°p-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ B ]c-amflm-hns‚ hym]-IXzw apX-emb KpW-ßƒ
F√m D]-\n-j-Øp-I-fnepw hymJym-\n-®n-cn-°p∂p.
10. ico- c - [ m- c n- b mb Poh≥ {_“- a - √ .
{_“hpw Poh\pw XΩn-ep≈ t`Zw kzcq-]-kn≤-am-Wv.
Cß-s\-bp≈ imco-cnI kq{X-ßf
- n¬ \n∂pw
Poh\pw {_“hpw XΩn¬ kzcq] t`Zw
Ds≠∂p kn≤n-°p-∂p. AXp-t]m-se, thZm-¥nI- f psS D]- { Iaw D]- k w- l mcw F∂n- h bpw
bp‡-a-√. D]-{Iaw AYhm Bcw`w {_“Øn¬ \n∂v, D]-kw-lmcw AYhm {]f-bhpw
{_“-Øn¬ \n∂v. c≠m-a-sXmcp hkvXp-h-s√¶n¬ DXv]Ø
- nbpw {]f-bhpw {_“-Øns‚ [¿aam-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. DXv]Øn hn\m-i-ß-fn-√mØ
{_“-sØ-∏-‰n-bmWv thZmZn kXy imkv{X-ßfn-se√mw {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≈-Xv. Ah \ho\
thZm-¥n-Isf {]tIm-]n-∏n-°pw. \n¿hn-Im-chpw
A]-cn-Wm-anbpw ip≤w, k\m-X\w \n¿{`m¥Xzw apX-emb hntij KpW-ß-fm¬ bp‡\p- a mb {_“- Ø n¬ hnIm- c w, DXv ] - Ø n,
A⁄m\w apX-em-bh Hcp Xc-Ønepw kw`hy-a-√. AXp-t]mse D]-kw-lmcw ˛ {]f-bw˛
D≠m-bmepw {_“-hpw, Imc-Wm-fl-I-PU {]Ir-
228
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Xn-bpw, Poh\pw \ne-\n-ev°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬
thZm-¥n-I-fpsS D]-{Ia D]-kw-lmc k¶-ev]ßfpw Ak-Xy-am-Wv. imkv{X-Øn\pw {]Xy£mZn {]am-W-ßƒ°pw hncp-≤-amb Ht´sd
Aip≤-{]-kvXm-h-ß-fn-\nbpw D≠v.
hn{I-am-Zn-Xy\pw `¿Ør-l-cnbpw
CXn- \ p- t ijw ssP\n- I - f p- s Sbpw Iptdsb√mw i¶-cm-Nm-cy-cpsS A\p-bm-bn-I-fp-sSbpw
D]- t Z- i m- [ n- j v T n- X - a mb kwkv I mcw Bcymh¿Ø-Øn¬ hym]n-®p. Ch¿ XΩn¬ JWvU\-a-WvU-\-ßfpw \S-∂p-t]m-∂p. 55 i¶-cm-Nmcy¿°pw ap∂qdp h¿jw ]nºv Dss÷\o \K-cØn¬ hn{Iam-ZnXys\∂p t]cp≈ {]Xm-]nbmb cmPmhv hmWn-cp-∂p. At±lw F√m cmPm°-∑mcpw XΩn¬ A\p-c-RvP-\-ap-≠m°n kam[m\w ÿm]n-®p. AXn-\p-tijw Imhym-Zn-imkv{X-ß-fnepw a‰p hnj-b-ß-fnepw kmam\yw
]mWvUn-Xy-ap≈ `¿Xr-lcn cmPmhv D≠m-bn.
At±lw hnc-‡-\mbn cmPyw shSn-™p. hn{Iam-Zn-Xy\p tijw A™qdp h¿jw Ign™v
t`mP-cm-Pm-hp-≠m-bn 56 Ct±lw Iptd hymI-cWhpw Imhym-e-¶m-cm-Zn-Ifpw {]N-cn-∏n-®-Xns‚
ê-ambn Bń-S-b-\m-bn-cp∂ Imfn-Zm-k\v cLphwiw t]mep≈ Imhyw cNn-°m≥ Ign-™p. 57
t`mP- c m- P m- h ns‚ ]°¬ Bsc- ¶ nepw \√
t«mIw D≠m- ° n- s °m≠p sN∂m¬ hfsc
[\hpw am\y-Xbpw \evIn Ahsc t{]m’mln-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. CXn\p tij-ap-≠mb cmPm-°∑mcpw {]`p-°-∑mcpw ]TnØw t]mepw Dt]£n-®p-If
- ™
p.
i¶-cm-Nm-cy¿°p tijw, ssihw apX-emb
k{º- Z m- b - ° m- c p- ≠ m- b n. F∂m¬ Ah¿°v
{]m_eyw Inń-bn-√. hn{I-am-Zn-Xys‚ Imew
55. _u≤-cn¬ hkp-_-‘≥, ZnMv\m-K≥, Cuiz-ctk-\≥, [¿a-Io¿Øn apX-em-b-hcpw adp-`m-KØv
DtZym-X-Ic≥, Ipam-cne `´≥, hmN-kv]-Xn-an-{i≥
XpS-ßn-b-h-cpw.
56. t`mP-s\∂p t]cp≈ ]e cmPm-°-∑mcpw
D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ChnsS ]d-bp∂ t`mP≥
hn{I-am-Zn-Xy\v GI-tZiw 1000 h¿jw tijw
D≠mb cmPm-hm-Wv.
57. CXv Inwh-Z-¥n-bm-Wv. cLp-hw-i-Øns‚
I¿Øm-hmb Imfn-Zm-ks‚ icn-bm-b- t]cv
lcn-tj-W≥ F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. kap-{Z-Kp-]vXs‚ a{¥nbm-bn-cp-∂n-t±-lw. t`mPs‚ Ime-Øp-≠mb.
Imfn-Zm-k≥ thsd-bm-Wv. (Ir-jvW-N-cn-{Xw).
apX¬°v ssih¿ {]_-e-cm-bn-Øp-S-ßn. hmaam¿Kn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ Zi-a-lm-hn-Zym-Zn-im-J-°m-cp≠m-b-Xp-t]mse ssih¿°n-S-bnepw ]mip-]Xw
apX-emb imJ-°m-cp-≠m-bn.
im¶-c-a-Xhpw ssih-a-Xhpw
Bfp-Iƒ i¶-cm-Nm-cysc inhs‚ Ah-Xm-cambn Icp-Xn, At±-l-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fmb
kw\ym-kn-amcpw ssih-aXw ]n≥Xp-S¿∂p. hmaam¿Kn-I-tfbpw IqsS Iqń. hma-am¿Kn-Iƒ inh]-Xv\n-bmb tZhn-bp-sSbpw ssih¿ inh-s‚bpw
D]m-k-I-cm-bn. Ccp-hcpw `kvahpw cp{Zm-£hpw
C∂pw AWn-bp-∂p. F∂m¬ ssih¿ hmaam¿Kn-I-fpsS A{X thZ-hn-cp-≤-c-√.
cp{Zm-£-[m-cWw
1. [nIv [nIv I]mew `kva-cp-{Zm-£-hnlo\w
2. cp{Zm£m≥ IWvT-tZti Zi\ ]cn-anXm≥ akvXtI hnwi-Xo-tZz. jSv jSv IcvW
{]tZti Ic- b p- K - f - K - Xm≥ ZzmZ- i m≥ ZzmZssih, _mtlzm-cntµmx Iem`nx ]rY-KnXn
KZnX taI-tahw inJm-bmav,h£-ky-„m-[nIw
bx Ie-bXn iXIw k kzbw \oe-I-WvTx 58
Cß--s\-bp≈ hf-sc-tbsd t«mI-ß-fp-≠m°p-Ibpw 1. s\‰n-bn¬ `kvahpw Igp-Øn¬ cp{Zm£-hp-an-√m-Øh
- ¿°v Atlm IjvSw IjvSw! Xw
XytP Z¥yPw bYm Ahsc NWvUm-e-Xpeyw
h¿Pn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. F∂n-ßs\ ]d-bp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. 2. Igp-Øn¬ 32 inc- n¬ 40 ImXp-Ifn¬ 6 hoXw 12 hoXw ssII-fn¬ 1 inJ-bn¬
s\©Øv 108, F∂n-{]-Imcw cp{Zm£w [cn°p- ∂ - h ≥ km£m¬ \oe- I - W v T ≥ Xs∂.
im‡cpw Cß-s\-Xs∂ hniz-kn-°p-∂p.
]n∂oSv Cu hma- a m¿Kn- I fpw ssihcpw
tN¿∂v Xocp-am-\n®v `K-enwKw {]Xn-jvTn-®p.
CXn\v Pe[m-cn-sb∂pw enwK-sa∂pw t]cp-≠v.
CXns‚ ]qP-bp-am-cw-`n-®p. Cu ]mac I¿aw
F¥n\p sNøps∂-t∂m¿Øv B \mWw sI´h¿ sX√p-t]mepw \mWn®n-√. kzm¿Yo tZmjw
\ ]iy-Xn 59 kzm¿Y kn≤n-°p-th≠n kzm¿Yn-
229
58. cp{Zm-£-Pm-_me D]-\n-jZv 1˛15. 16-˛¬ Hmtcm
AwK-Ønepw F{X-sb{X cp{Zm£w [cn-°-W-sa∂v
Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
59. A¿Yo tZmjw \]-iyXn (Nm-W-Iy-\o-Xn)6.8.
60. ap…o-ßƒ
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Iƒ ZpjvI¿Ωw t]mepw kev°¿Ω-am-sW∂p
hmZn®v sX‰n¬ tZmjw ImWm-Xn-cn-°p-sa∂v
Ihn-hm-Iy-ap-≠v. B inem-]q-Pbpw `K-enw-K-]qPbpw F√m [¿am¿Y-˛-Im-a-˛-tam-£-ß-fp-sSbpw
kn≤n-Im-c-W-ambn Ah¿ Icp-Xn. t`mP-cm-Pmhn\p tijw ssP\n-Iƒ Ah-cpsS Aº-e-ßfn¬ hn{K-l-ßƒ {]Xn-jvTn-°p-Ibpw AXp
I≠p sXmgp-hm≥ Bcw-`n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
At∏mƒ Cu t]m∏- ∑ m- c psS injy- ∑ mcpw
ssP\-t£-{X-ß-fn¬ t]m°p-h-chp XpS-ßn.
Hcp hiØv ]›n-a-tZ-i-Ønse Nne aX-°mcpw
bh- \ 60- ∑ mcpw Bcy- h ¿Ø- Ø n¬ hcm\pw
t]mIm\pw XpS- ß n. At∏mƒ t]m∏- ∑ m¿
\n¿Ωn® t«mI-am-Wn-Xv.
\ htZ-Zym-h\ow `mjmw {]mssWx IWvTK-ssX-c]n, lkvXn\m XmUy amt\m-f]n \
Kt— ssP\ aµn-c-av 61
F{X-tbsd ZpxJ-ap-≠m-bmepw icn, {]mW≥
Igp-Øn¬ h∂mepw icn AXm-bXv acWw
h∂p hnfn-®mepw icn, bh-\-`mj kwkm-cn°tb Acp- X v . {`m¥- \ m\ sIm√m≥ HmSp
h∂m¬ ssP\-t£-{X-Øn¬ Ibdn {]mW≥
c£n-°m-sa-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ t]mepw ssP\-t£-{XØn¬ Ib-d-cp-Xv. ssP\-t£-{X-Øn¬ Ibdn
{]mW≥ c£n-°p-∂-Xnepw \√Xv aZ-bm-\-bpsS
apºn¬ sN∂v Nhn-t´‰p NmIp-∂X
- m-Wv. Cßs\
kzin-jy-∑m¿°p-]-tZiw \¬Im≥ XpS-ßn.
CXn\v Bsc-¶nepw {]am-W-ßƒ tNmZn-°p∂
]£w-˛-A-Xm-bXv \nß-fpsS aX-Øn¬ GsX¶nepw {]mam-WnI {KŸ-apt≠m F∂p tNmZn®m¬ Mvlm! D≠v F∂p-Øcw ]d-bpw. Fhn-sSbmWv ImWn°q F∂p ]d- ™ m¬ am¿°WvtUb ]pcm-Wm-Zn-I-fnse t«mI-ßƒ sNm√nt°ƒ∏n-°pw. Zp¿§m-\m-am-h-en-bn¬ tZhn-bpsS
h¿W\w t]mse-bm-Wn-Xv. t`mP-cm-Pm-hns‚
cmPyØv hymks‚ t]cn¬ am¿°-WvtUb
]pcmWw inh-]p-cmWw F∂nh D≠m°n {]Ncn-∏n-®p. C°mcyw cmPm-hn-\-dnhp Inń-b-t∏mƒ
B ]WvUn-X-∑m¿°v ssIsh-´¬ XpS-ßnb
in£-Iƒ sImSp-Øp. Imhym-Zn-I-fp-≠m-°p-∂h¿ Ah-c-h-cpsS t]cn¬ D≠m-°n-s°m-≈Ww
Ejn ap\n-am-cpsS t]cn¬ D≠m-°-cp-Xv F∂p
Xm°oXp sImSp-Øp. CXv t`mP-cm-Pmhv cNn-
®Xpw Kzmfn-tbm¿ cmPy-Ønse `nWvUv \K-cØnse Xnhmcn {_m“-W-cpsS hoń¬ D≈-Xpamb kRvPo-h\n F∂ Ncn{X {KŸ-Øn-ep≠v . CXv eJp- \ m- b nse dmhp kmtl_pw
t\cn´p I≠n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv.
alm-`m-c-X-Øn¬ Ie¿∏v
AXn¬ kv]jvS-ambn Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂p˛
hymk-a-l¿jn \mem-bn-c-Øn-\m-\qdpw At±-lØns‚ injy-∑m¿ Aøm-bn-cØn Adp-\qdpw
t«mI-ß-sf-gpXn BsI ]Xn-\m-bncw t«mI-ßfn-emWv alm-`m-cXw cNn-®-Xv. CXv hn{I-am-ZnXy
alm-cm-Pm-hns‚ ˛ ]nXm-hns‚ ka-bØv Ccp]-Ø-øm-bn-chpw Rm≥ a[y-h-b- n-se-Øn-bn´p≈ C°m-eØv ap∏-Xn-\m-bn-chpw t«mI-ßfm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Cßs\ hf¿∂m¬ alm-`m-cX
]pkvXIw Hcp HÍ-Øns‚ Npa-Sm-bn-Øo-cpw. 62
Ejn-˛-ap-\n-am-cpsS t]cpw ]d™v ]pcm-W-{KŸ-ß-fp-≠m-°n-bm¬ Bcym-h¿Ø-Ønse
P\- ß ƒ taml- P m- e - Ø n¬s]´v sshZn- I [¿Ωw shSn™v {`jvS-cm-Ipw. t`mP-cm-Pm-hn\v
H´p sshZn- I - k w- k v I mcw D≠m- b n- c p- s ∂∂v
CXn¬ \n∂p a\- n-em-°mw. Ct±-l-sØ-∏-‰nbp≈ t`mP-{]-_-‘-Øn¬ Cßs\ Fgp-Xn-bncn-°p∂p:-˛
LssSy-Ibm t{Imi-Z-ssi-I-aiz: kpIr{Xntam K—-Xn-Nm-cp-KXym hmbp ZZmXn hyP\w
kp]p-jvI-ew, hn\m a\p-tjyW Ne-Xy-P-{kav. 63
t`mP-cm-Pm-hns‚ cmPy-Ønepw kao] cmPyß-fnepw hfsc {]K-¤-cmb inev]n-I-fp-≠m-bn-
61. "KssPcm ]oUym-at\mf ]n' F∂ ]mT-t`-Z-tØmSp
IqSn `hn-jy-]p-cmWw {]Xn-k¿K-]¿hw-˛3,3 28-˛53.
230
62. CXv kRvPo-h\n F∂ {KŸsØ Bkv]-Z-am°n
Fgp-Xn-b-Xm-Wv. GI-tZiw 2000 h¿jw apºp
apX-ep≈ inem teJ-\-ß-fn¬ alm-`m-c-X-Øns\
]cm-a¿in-°p-∂Xv "iX-k-l-{ko-kw-ln-X-bmav'
(1 e£w t«mIw) F∂m-Wv. `mc-Xvh¿jv
Im _rlZv CXn-lmk (1) ]WvUn‰v `K-h-Z-Øv)
AjvSm-[ymbn 6.2 38 ¬ hymk-ap-\n-bpsS `mcXw
F∂pw sshi-ºm-b≥, kqX≥, D{K-{i-h v F∂nh¿ h¿≤n-∏n® alm-`m-cXw F∂ _rl-Zm-Im-c
-kq-N-I-amb ]q¿h-]-Z-{]-Ir-Xn-kzc hn[m-\hpw
]mWn\n sNbvXn-´p-≠v.
63. Cu t«mIw t`mP-{]-_-‘-Øn¬ ImWp-∂n-√.
t`mP-cm-Pmhp cNn® "ka-cm-MvKW kq{X-[mc' F∂
{KŸ-Ønse b{¥m-[ym-b-Øn¬ Cßs\ At\Iw
b{¥-ßƒ D≠m-°p∂ {]{In-bm-hn-[n-bp-≠v,
hnam-\-apƒ∏-sS.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
cp-∂p. Ah¿ IpXn-c-bpsS BIr-Xn-bn-ep≈ Hcp
hml\w b{¥w LSn-∏n®v D≠m-°n. AXv Hcp
\mgn-I-bn¬ ]Xn-s\m∂pw, Hcp aWn-°q-dn¬
Ccp-]-tØ-g-cbpw t{Imiw (hnfn-∏m-Sv) Zqcw
t]mIp-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXv `qan-bnepw A¥-co-£Ønepw k©-cn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.-thsd Hcp
]¶bpw ]Wn-I-gn-®n-cp-∂p. a\p-jy-k-lm-b-an√msX b{¥-i-‡n-sIm≠v CXp Id-ßp-Ibpw
[mcmfw Im‰p \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Cu
c≠p km[\-ßfpw C∂p-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬
bqtdm-∏p-Im¿ C{X-tbsd sRfn-bp-I-bn-√m-bn-cp∂p.
t]m∏-∑m¿ Xß-fpsS injy-∑msc ssP\n-Ifn¬ \n∂-I‰n \n¿Øn-sb-¶nepw ssP\ t£{Xß-fn¬ t]mIp-∂-Xn¬ \nt∂m Ah-cpsS `P-\I-Y-\m-Zn-Iƒ tIƒ°p-∂-Xn¬ \nt∂m hne°p-hm≥ Ign-™n-√. ssP\n-I-fpsS t]m∏-∑m¿
]ucm-Wn-I-t]m∏-∑m-cpsS injy-∑msc hio-Icn-°m≥ XpS-ßn. At∏mƒ ]ucm-Wn-I-t]m-∏∑m¿ Xß-fpsS injy-∑m¿ ssP\-cm-Ip-∂Xp
XS-bp-hm-\p≈ D]mbw Nn¥n-®p. ssP\-tct∏mse Xßfpw Ah-Xm-c-ßƒ. t£{X-ßƒ,
hn{K-l-ßƒ, IYm-]p-kvX-I-ßƒ apX-em-bh
D≠m-°W-sa∂p Nn¥n-®p-d-®p. ssP\-cpsS Ccp]-Øn-\mep Xo¿Y-¶-c-∑m-tc-t∏mse Ccp-]-Øn\mev Ah-Xm-c-ßƒ, t£{X-ßƒ, hn{K-l-ßƒ
apX-em-bh D≠m-°n. ssP\-cpsS BZn, DØcw
apX-emb ]pcm-W-ß-tf-t∏mse ]Xn-s\´p ]pcmW-ßƒ \n¿an-®p.
sshjvWh aXm-cw`w
t`mP-cm-Pm-hn\p tijw \q‰-ºXp sIm√w
Ign™v sshjvWh
- a
- Xw Bcw-`n-®p. 64 IRvPc- h¿WØn¬ ]nd∂ iT-tIm-]≥ 65 F∂-bmfm-Wn-Xn-\m-cw`w Ipdn-®-Xv. AXn\p tijw
tXmń h¿K-Øn¬ ]nd∂ ap\n-hm-l\
- \
- pw, aq∂maXv b-h\ Ipe-Pm-X\
- mb buh-\m-Nm-cy\pw Cu
aX-Øns‚ BNm-cy-∑m-cm-bn. \mem-aXv {_“W
Ipe-Pm-X\
- m-b. cmam-\p-P\
- p-≠m-bn. At±lw Cu
aXw hfsc {]N-cn-∏n-®p.
]pcm-W-ß-fpsS cN\
64. `mK-h-X-aXw F∂ t]cn¬ sshjvWh k{º-Zmbw
AXn-]p-cm-Wa
- m-Wv. C°m-eØv AXns‚ ]p\-cp-÷oh\w D≠mbn F∂¿Yw.
65. Ib-dp-]n-cn-°p∂ h¿K-am-Wv IRvP-c-h¿Ww.
ssih¿ inh-]p-cm-Whpw a‰pw D≠m-°n.
imt‡- b ¿ tZho- ` m- K - h - X hpw sshjv W - h ¿
hnjvWp-]p-cm-Whpw D≠m-°n. Bcpw {]amWambn IcpXn- b ns√¶ntem F∂p- hn- N m- c n®v
kz¥w t]cn¬ Ch D≠m-°n-bn-√. AXn-\m¬
hymk≥ apX-emb Ejn-˛a
- p-\n-am-cpsS t]cn-emWv
]pcm-W-ßƒ cNn-®-Xv. \ho-\-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p
]pcm-W-sa-∂-Xn\p ]Icw Chbv°v hmkvX-hØn¬ t]cn-tS-≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ Zcn-{Z≥
Xs‚ aI\v alm-cm-Pm-[n-cm-P≥ Ft∂m, ]pXnb
km[-\-Øn\v k\m-X\w Ft∂m t]cn-Sp-∂-Xpt]mse CXn¬ B›- c y- s a- ¥ p≈p? Ch¿
XΩn¬ X√p- ∂ - X p- t ]mse ]pcm- W - ß ƒ
XΩnepw Ie-l-ap-≠v.
tZho-`m-K-hXw t\m°q. {iosb∂p ]d-bp∂
{io]p-ck
- zm-an-\n-bmb Hcp kv{XossZhw Cu PKsØ√mw \n¿an-®p. {_“m hnjvWp atl-iz-c∑m-scbpw Ah¿ Xs∂ cNn-®p. A tZhn°v
C—-bp-≠m-b-t∏mƒ kz¥w ssIIƒ Xncp-Ωn.
ssII-fn¬ \n∂v Pzme-bp-≠m-bn. Pzme-bn¬
\n∂p {_“m-hp-≠m-bn. '\osbs∂ hnhmlw
Ign°q' F∂p tZhn ]d-™p.' \osbs‚ AΩbmWv, \ns∂ F\n°p hnhmlw sNøp-hm≥
Ign-b√t√m' F∂p {_“mhp ]d-™Xp tI´v
AΩ t{Im[n®v aIs\ Np´p If-™p. ho≠pw
ssIIƒ Xncp-Ωn. ssII-fn¬ \n∂v Pzme-bp≠m-bn. \osbs∂ hnhmlw Ign°q F∂p
tZhn ]d-™p. \osbs‚ AΩbmWv, \ns∂
F\n°p hnhmlw sNøp-hm≥ Ign-hn-√t√m
F∂p {_“mhp ]d™Xp tIń´v AΩ
t{Im[n®v aIs\ Np´p- I - f - ™ p. ho≠pw
ssIIƒ XncpΩn c≠m-asØ aIs\ DXv]m-Zn∏n-®p. Ah\v hnjvWp-sh∂v t]cn´p Ah-t\mSpw
A{]-Imcw ]d-™p. Ah\pw tIƒ°m-bvIb
- m¬
Ah-t\bpw `kva-am-°n. aq∂m-aXpw aIs\ P\n∏n-®p. Ah\v inh-s\∂p t]cn-´p. \osbs∂
hnhmlw Ign°q F∂v Bh- iy- s∏- ´ - t ∏mƒ
km[y-a√
- , thsdmcp kv{XobpsS icocw [mcWw
sNbvXm-emhmw F∂p inh≥ ]d-™p. tZhn
Aßs\ sNbvXp. Cu c≠n-SØpw ImWp∂
Nmcw F¥m-sW∂v inh≥ tNmZn-®p. CXp
\ns‚ ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cm-sW∂pw Ch¿ Fs‚
B⁄ ]men-®n√ AXn-\m¬ Nmc-am-°n-°-fs™∂pw tZhn ]d-™p. Rm≥ H‰-bvs°¥p
sNøpw?
231
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Chsc Pohn-∏n-°q. thsd c≠p kv{XoIsfbpw P\n-∏n-°q. aq-hcpw aqh-tcbpw hnhmlw
Ign- ° pw. F∂mbn inh≥. tZhn Aßs\
sNbvXp. aqh-tcbpw aqhcpw IeymWw Ign-®p.
Imcyw sIm≈mw. AΩsb thń-√. ktlmZ-cnsb th´p. CXv DNn-X-am-sW∂p Icp-XtWm?
]n∂oSv Ch¿ C{µ-t\bpw krjvSn-®p. {_“mhv, hnjvWp, cp{Z≥, C{µ≥ F∂n-hsc tZhn
Xs‚ ]√-°p-Np-Ωn-I-fm°n am‰n. C{]-Im-c-ap≈
]pfp-am-kp-Iƒ \oń-∏c
- Øn tXm∂pw-]Sn FgpXn
h®n- ´ p- ≠ v . tZhn- b psS amXm- ] n- X m- ° - f m- c msW∂pw {io]pcw D≠m-°n-b-Xm-cm-sW∂pw
tNmZn-®m¬ F¥p ]dbpw? tZhn A\m-Zn-bmsW-¶n¬, kwtbm-K-P-\y-amb hkvXp Hcn-°epw
A\m-Zn-bm-hn-√-t√m. amXmhpw aI\pw XΩn¬
hnhmlw `b-{]-Za
- m-sW-¶n¬, ktlm-Zc
- o-kt- lmZ-c-∑m¿ XΩn-ep-≈ hnhmlw F¥p KpW-{]-ZamWv?
Cu tZho-`m-K-h-X-Øn¬ inh≥, hnjvWp,
{_“mhv BZn-bm-b-h-cpsS \n m-c-Xbpw FgpXn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXm-bXv Ch-sc√mw inhs‚
Zmk-∑mcpw alm-tZ-h≥ F√m-h-cp-sSbpw Cuizc-\p-am-W-t{X!
`kva-cp-{Zm-£-ßƒ
cp{Zm£w ˛ ac-Øns‚ hnØv˛ `kvaw F∂nh
[cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v ap‡n In´p-sa∂p hnNm-cn°p-s∂-¶n¬ Nmc-Øn¬ InS-∂p-cp-fp∂ IgpXbv°pw Ip∂n-°p-cp-ame [cn-°p∂ Im´m-f¿,
]d-b¿ apX-em-bh
- ¿°pw ap‡n e`n-°nt√? `kvaØn¬ InS-∂p-cp-fp∂ ]∂n, \mb, IgpX apXem-b-hbv°pw ap‡n e`n-°m-Ø-sX¥v?
tNmZyw:˛ Imem-·n-cp-t{Zm-]\
- n-jØ
- n¬ `kvaw
66
sXmSp- h m- \ p≈ hn[n- b p- ≠ v .
AXp I≈amtWm? {Xmbpjw Pa- Z t· 67 F∂
66. `kva-{Xn-]p-Wv{U-[m-ctW hn\n-tbm-K. 67 A. 3.-a. 62
68. bmky-{]-Y-am-tcJm km Km¿l-]Xy ›Imtcm ctPm
`qtem-Ix˛ Imem·n cpt{Zm-]-\n-j-Øv. C°m-e-tØ-Xpt]mse d^-d≥kv {KŸ-ßƒ sIm≠p-\-S-°p-hmt\m Hcpÿ-eØv kw`-cn®v D]-tbm-Kn-°mt\m Cu {KŸw FgpXp∂ ImeØv al¿jn°v kuI-cy-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. F√mw
Hm¿Ω-bn¬\n∂p ]I¿Øn-bm-Xm-It\ hgn-bp-≈q. Hcp XhW-bn¬ Ihn™v Ch-sbm∂pw hmbn-®n-cn-°m\pw CSbn√. X∂n-anØw bYm¿∞-amb ]I¿Øn-sb-gpØv AØcw
{KŸ- ß - f psS Imcy- Ø n¬ sNbv X n- c n- ° p- I - b p- a n- √ .
al¿jnsb Xncp-Øp-I-b-√. ASn-°p-dn-∏p-I-fpsS Dt±-iysa∂v Xmev]-cyw.
bPp¿thZ hN\w apX-em-b-h-bn¬ \n∂v `kva[m-cW hn[n-Iƒ e`n-°p-∂p. cp{Zs‚ IÆn¬
\n∂p hoW IÆo-cn¬ \n∂v D≠mb hr£amWv cp{Zm-£-sa∂pw AXn-\m¬ AXp [cn°p-∂Xv ]pWy-am-sW∂pw ]pcm-W-ß-fn-se-gpXn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ AXp [cn-°p-∂Xv
]pWy-am-Wv. cp{Zm£w [cn-®m¬ ]m]-sa√mw
shSn™v kz¿KØp t]mImw. Ah\v bas\tbm \c-I-sØtbm `b-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-√.
DØcw:˛ Imem-·n-cp-t{Zm-]-\n-jØv GtXm
`kv a - [ mcn Fgp- X n- b - X m- W v . Fs¥- ∂ m¬
AXnse 68 bmky {]Y- a m - t cJm km
`qtemIx apX-emb hN-\-ßƒ A\¿Y-I-ß-fmWv. Znh-tk\ ssIsIm≠p hc-bv°p∂ hc
`qtem-Itam AXns\ Ipdn-°p-∂tXm BIp-∂sX-ßs\? IqSm-sX, {Xmbpjw Pa-Zt· apXemb a{¥-ßƒ `kvatam {Xn]p-Wv-{Utam [cn°p-∂X
- n-t\-∏‰
- nbp≈X-√. N£p¿ssh Pa-Z·nx
F∂v iX- ] - Y w 69 Cuizcm! Fs‚ t\{XtPymXn, {Xmbpjw AYhm aq∂n-c-ń-bm-I-Ww.
ap∂qdp h¿jw \ne-\n¬°-Ww. Rm≥ IÆp\in-°m-Xn-cn-°Ø
- °
- h
- Æ
- a
- p≈ kXv{]-hr-Øn-Iƒ
sNø-s´. F∂¿∞w. IÆp-\o¿ hoWv hr£w
apf-bv°p-I-sb-∂Xv F{Xtbm hnUvVn-Ø-am-Wv.
Cuiz-cs‚ krjvSn-{I-asØ B¿°m\pw am‰n
adn-°m-\m-hptam? GXp hr£-Øns‚ hnØv
Cuiz-c\
- p-≠m-°ntbm AXn¬ \n∂v B hr£w
am{Xta D≠m-hq. as‰m-∂p-ap-≠m-hn-√. 70 AXn\m¬ cp{Zm-£w, `kvaw, Xpf-kn, Xma-c-°m-bv,
]p√v, Nµ-\w, apX-em-bh Igp-Øn-e-Wn-bp-∂Xv
Im´p-a-\p-jy-sc-t∏mse arK-Xp-ey-cm-b-h¿ am{Xam-Wv. 71
Cßs\ hma- a m¿Kn- I fpw ssih- c p- a mb
At\Iw anYym-Nm-c°
- mcpw hncp-≤∑
- mcpw sNtø≠Xp sNøm- Ø - h - c mbn H´p- t ]- c p- ≠ v Ahcn¬Ø-s∂ t{ijvT-∑m-cp-≠v. Ah¿ CsXm∂pw
hniz-kn-°msX kXvI¿a-ßƒ sNbvXp-sIm-≠ncn-°p-∂p. cp{Zm-£hpw `kvahpw I≠p ba[¿as‚ ZqX-∑m¿ `b-s∏-Sp-sa-¶n¬ t]meo-kp-
232
69. iX-]-Yw81.2.3
70. IÆo-cn¬\n∂p hr£-ap-≠m-hn-s√∂p Xmev]-cyw.
71. kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿°v kz¿W, cP B`-c-W-ß-fmhm-sa∂v kwkv°m-c-hn-[n, hnhm-l-{]-I-cWw B`c-W-am-Wv, BkvXn-b-√.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Imcpw `b-s∏-S-W-a-t√m. cp{Zm-£hpw `kvahpw
[cn-°p-∂-hsc I≠m¬ ]ńbpw knwlhpw
k¿∏hpw tXfpw Cu®bpw sImXpIpw a‰pw `bs∏-Sp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ \ymbm-[n-]-s‚-˛-b-a-s‚˛ h¿Kw
`b-s∏-Sp-∂-sX-¥n\v?
sshjvWh aXw
tNmZyw:˛ hma-am¿Kn-Ifpw ssihcpw \√h-c-√. sshjvW-htcm? Ah¿ \√-h-ct√?
DØcw:˛ Chcpw thZ-hn-cp-≤-cm-I-bm¬ a‰p≈-h-tc-°mƒ NoØ-bm-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ ""\akvtX cp{Z-a\
- yth'' ""inhmb
N inh-X-cm-bN'' ""sshjvW-h-akn'' ""hma-\mbN KWm-\mwXzm KW-]-XoMv lhm-atl `KhXo ln `qbmx, kqcy Bflm PKXkvXÿpj›'' 72 apX- e mb thZ- { ]- a m- W - ß - f m¬
ssihmZn aX-ßƒ kn≤n-°p-∂p. ]ns∂-¥n\v
\nßƒ JWvU\w sNøp-∂p.
DØcw:˛ Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v ssihm-Zna-X-ß-fpsS kn≤n D≠m-hp-∂n-√. Fs¥-∂m¬
cp{Z≥ F∂Xv Cuiz- c ≥ {]mWm- Z n- h m- b p,
Poh≥, B·n apX-em-bh
- b
- psS t]cm-Wv. t{Im[n°p∂ cp{Z\v AXm-bXv ZpjvS∑
- msc Ic-bn-°p∂
]c- a m- fl m- h n\v \a- k v I m- c w. {]mWßƒ°v
AYhm PT-cm-·n°v A∂-Zm\w sNøp-I. \a
CXn A∂-\m-a. (\n-L≠p 2, 7) \a A∂Øns‚ ]cym-ba
- m-sW∂v \nL-≠p-hn-ep-≠v. awKf-{]-Z\
- m-b, temI-Øn\v AXy¥w \∑ sNøp∂
B inhs\ ]c-am-flm-hn-s\˛ \a-kvI-cn-°-Ww.
inhky ]c-ta-iz-c-kymbw `‡x ssih (inh- s ‚- ˛ - C u- i z- c - s ‚˛ `‡- \ mWv ssih≥)
hnjvtWmx ]c- a m- fl t\mfbw `t‡m
sshjvWhx (hn-jvWp-hns‚ Cuiz-c-s‚-˛-`-‡\mtcm Ah-\t{X sshjvW-h≥) KW-]tXx
kI-eP
- K
- ’
- zm-ant\mfbw tkhtIm KmW-]Xx
(k-Ie PK-Øn-t‚bpw bP-am-\-\mb KW-]-XnbpsS tkh-I-\t{X KmW-]-Xy≥) `K-hXym
hmWym Abw tkhIx `mK-hXx (k-Xy-hmWn-bmb `K-h-Xn-bpsS tkh-I≥ `mK-h-X≥)
kqcky Ncm-N-cm-fl\x Abw tkhIx kucx
(N-cm-N-cm-flm-hmb kqcys‚ ˛ PK-Zo-iz-c-s‚˛
tkh-I\
- mWv kuc≥. cp{Z≥, inh≥, hnjvWp,
KW-]-Xn, kqcy≥ F∂o t]cp-I-sf√mw Cuiz-
c-t‚-Xpw, `K-h-Xn-sb-∂Xv kXy-`m-j-Wbp-‡amb hmWn-bp-sSbpw t]cm-Wv. CXp a\- n-em°m-sX-bmWv _l-f-ap-≠m-°p-∂Xv DZm-l-cWw
]d-bmw.
Hcp kw\ym-kn°v c≠v injy-∑mcp≠mbncp-∂p. Znh-khpw Ah¿ Kpcp-hns‚ Imep XncpΩn-s°m-Sp-°pw. Hcmƒ CS-tØ-°mepw at‰-bmƒ
he-tØ-°mepw Xncp-Ωp-hm≥ ]¶n-s´-SpØp. Hcp
Znhkw injy-cn-sem-cp-h≥ Aßm-Sn-bn¬ t]mbn.
at‰-bmƒ Xm≥ ip{iq-jn-°p∂ Imev Xncp-Ωns°m-≠n-cp-∂p. At∏mƒ Kpcp Xncn™p InS∂p. At∏mƒ Xm≥ ip{iq-jn-°p∂ Imen-t∑¬
at‰-°m¬ h∂p hoWp. injy≥ hSn-sb-SpØv
B Imens\ {]l-cn-®p. FSm ZpjvSm \nsb¥mWo sNbvXXv? F∂v Kpcp tNmZn-®p. ""Rm≥
ip{iq-jn-°p∂ Imen¬ at‰-°m¬ F¥n\p
Ibdn- bn- cp∂p?'' F∂mbn injy≥. At∏mtg°pw at‰ injy\pw Aßm-Sn-bn¬ \n∂p
h∂p. Abmƒ Xs‚ hI Imens\ ip{iq-jn°m≥ XnS-ßn. AXn¬ \ocp-≈-Xp-I≠v ""Fs‚
hI-bmb Cu Imen-s\¥p ]‰n?'' F∂p tNmZn®p. D≠mb kw`hw Kpcp ]d-™p-tIƒ∏n-®p.
B aqV\pw an≠msX A\-ßmsX hSn-sb-SpØv
at‰-Im-en¬ s]mXnsc X√n. Kpcp Dds° \nehn-fn-®p. injy-∑m¿ c≠p-t]cpw hSn-sb-SpØv
c≠p-Im-ep-Is
- fbpw {]l-cn-°m≥ XnS-ßn. henb
_l-f-am-bn. Bfp-Iƒ HmSn-°q-Sn. kzman-s°-¥p]- ‰ n- sb- ∂- h ¿ tNmZn- ® p. GtXm _p≤n- a m≥
kzmansb c£n-®v, aqV-∑m-cmb injysc D]tZ- i n®p:˛ ""c≠p- I mepw kzman- b p- t S- X m- W v .
c≠n\pw \nß-fpsS ip{iqj D≠m-b-t∏mƒ
kzman°v kpJw Inń. t\mhn- ® - t ∏mƒ
s\m¥Xpw kzman-°p-Xs∂''.
Kpcp-ip-{iq-jb
- n¬ injy-∑m¿ ImWn® Xami
t]mse, GI-hpw, AJ-WvU-hpw, k®n-Zm-\µ
kzcq- ] - h pamb ]c- a m- fl m- h ns‚ hnhn- [ - \ m- a ßfmb hnjv W p, cq{Z≥, apX- e m- b - h - b p- s S,
H∂mw kap- √ m- k - Ø n¬ shfn- h m- ° nb
kXym¿Y- ß sf a\- n- e m- ° msX im‡
sshjvW-hmZn aX-°m¿ ]c-kv]cw \ma-\nµ
sNøp-∂p. Cu aµ-_p-≤n-Iƒ kzev]-sa-¶nepw
_p≤n hnI-kn-∏n-®v, hnjvWp, cp{Z≥, inh≥ apX73. cmam-\p-P-]-Se ]≤-Xn, t]Pv 7 AhnsS kzev]w
hyXym-k-ap-≠v.
74. E 9.83.1
72. {Ia-Øn¬ b÷q 16.1, 16, 41, 5.21, 16.30, 23, 19
AY¿hw 9.10 20 b÷p 13.46
233
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
emb \ma-ßƒ GIhpw AZzn-Xo-bhpw k¿h\n-b-¥mhpw k¿hm-¥-cy-manbpw Bb PK-Zo-izcs‚ hnhn[ KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ß-f-\p-k-cn-®p-≈h-bm-sW∂v Nn¥n-°p-∂-tX-bn√. Cß-s\-bp≈
aqV-∑m-tcmSv Cuiz-c≥ tIm]n-°p-I-bnt√?
N{Im-¶n-X-cpsS IY
C\n N{Im-¶nX sshjvW-h-cpsS A¤pX
IY tIƒ°pI:˛ Xm]x- ]p{fiw bYm-\m-aamem a{¥-kvX-ssY-h-N. Aao ln ]©-kwkv°mcmx ]c-ssa-Im¥ tlXhx 73 "AX-]vXX-\qcv\ XZmtam Aiv\ptX' 74 CXn-{ip-tX.
A¿Yw:˛ Xm]x= iwJv, N{Iw, KZ, ]flw
F∂o ap{Z-Iƒ Np´p ]gp-∏n®v `qP-aq-e-ß-fn¬
AS-bmfw IpØp-∂p. F∂n´v ]m¬∏m-{X-Øn¬
ap°n NqSm-‰p-∂p. Nne¿ Cu ]m¬ IpSn-bv°pIbpw sNøp-∂p. t\m°q! a\p-jy- amw-k-Øns‚
kzmZv B ]men¬ ImWp-sa∂v {]Xy-£-am-Wt√m. Cß-s\-sb-√m-ap≈ I¿a-ßƒ sIm≠v
Cuiz-c-{]m-]vXn-bp-≠m-Ip-sa∂v Bin-°p-Ibpw
iwJ- N - { Im- Z n- I ƒ sIm≠v Im®n- ° p- Ø msX
Poh≥ Cuiz-cs\ {]m]n-°p-I-bn-s√∂p ]d-bpIbpw sNøp-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ Npń IpØm-Øh≥ Bax AYhm ]mI-am-Im-Ø-h≥ BW-t{X.
"hn√'t]mep≈ AS-bm-f-ßƒ I≠v hn√m-in-]mbn-sb∂pw a‰pw cmP-`r-Xysc Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xpt]mse hnjvWp-hns‚ Bbp-[-ß-fmb iwJ-N{Im-Zn-IfpsS Nn”-ßƒ I≠v ba-[¿a\pw `S∑mcpw `b-s∏-bp-a-t{X. Ah¿ ]d-bp∂p;˛
_m\m _Um Zbm¬ Im XneIv Om]v Hu¿
am¬ bav U¿ss] Imeq Itl `qb-amt\
`q]mev 75
`K-hms‚ Ae-¶m-c-amb Xne-Ihpw ap{Zbpw
amebpw [cn-°p-∂Xv al-Xz-am-Wv. AXns\
cmPmhpw ba-cm-Pmhpw `b-s∏-Sp∂p F∂¿-Yw.
Xm] ]p{fim-Zn-I-fpsS hymJym\w
]p{fiw={Xniqew t]mse s\‰n- b n¬
apt§m]n hc- b v ° p- ∂ - X v . \maw=\mcm- b W
Zmk≥, hnjvWp Zmk≥, apX-emb Zmk-s\-∂h-km-\n-°p∂ t]cnSp-I. ame=Xma-c-°p-cp-am-e75. Zbm-ep-hmb Cuiz-cs‚ alm-Nn-”-ßfmWv Xne-Ihpw ap{Zbpw ame-bpw. ba\pw `q]me\pw AXp-I≠v `b-s∏-Sp-sa-∂Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√.
(`-‡-ame 6)
b-Wn-bp-I. a{¥w=1. ""Hmw \tam \mcm-b-Wmb''
CXn-h¿ km[m-c-W-°m¿°p-th≠n D≠m°n
h® a{¥-am-Wv. IqSm-sX, 2. {ioa-∂m-cm-b-W-NcWw icWw {]]-tZy. 3. {ioatX \mcm-b-Wmb
\ax 4. {ioa-tX-cm-am-\p-Pmb \ax CXymZn a{¥ßƒ [\m- V y- ∑ m¿°pw am\y- ∑ m¿°p- a mbn
D≠m-°n-h-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. CXpw Hcp I®-h-S-ambn-t∏mbn! N°n-bvs°mØ N¶-c≥!! Cu A©v
kwkv°m-c-ßƒ ap‡n-Im-c-W-am-sW∂v N{Im¶n-X-∑m¿ hnNm-cn-bv°p-∂p. Cu a{¥-ß-fpsS
A¿Yw C{]-Im-c-am-Wv.
1. Rm≥ \mcm-b-Ws\ \a-kv°-cn-°p-∂p. 2.
e£vao-k-ln-X-\mb \mcm-b-Ws‚ Xrt®-h-SnIsf Rm≥ icWw {]m]n-°p-∂p. 3. tim`-\ob-\mb \mcm-b-W\v \a-kv°m-cw. 4. {ioam-\mb
cmam-\p-P\v \a-kv°mcw.
hma-am¿Kn-Iƒ°v ]©-a-Im-c-ßƒ F{]-Imc-amtWm A{]-Im-c-amWv N{Im-¶n-X¿°v ]©
kwkv°m-c-ßƒ. iwJ-N-{I-ßƒ ico-c-Øn¬
Im®n-°p-Øp-∂-Xn\v {]am-W-am-°nb thZ a{¥Øns‚ ]mThpw A¿Yhpw C{]-Im-c-am-Wv.
1. ]hn{Xw tX hnXXw {_“-W-kv]tX
{]`qcvKm-{XmWn ]tcyjn hnizXx AX]vX
X\qcv\ XZmtam Aiv\ptX irXmk CZz-l¥-kvX-’-am-i-X.
2. Xt]m-jv]h
- n{Xw hnXXw Znh-kv]t- X. (E
9.83.1.2)
{_“m-fi-sØbpw thZ-sØbpw ]cn-]m-en°p∂ {]t`m! k¿h-km-a¿Yy-bp-‡\pw k¿hi-‡n-am\pw Bb Aßv kz¥w hym]vXn-bm¬
kwkm-cØ
-- ns‚ k¿hm-h-b-ß-fnepw hym]n-®ncn-bv°p-∂p. Aß-bpsS hym]-Ihpw ]hn-{X-hpamb kzcq-]sØ {_“-N-cyw, kXy-`m-j-Ww,
iaw, Zaw, tbmKm- ` ym- k w, PntX- { µn- b - X zw,
k’wKw XpS-ßnb X]-›-cy-I-fn-√mØ A¥xI-c-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb Bflmhv {]m]n-°p-I-bn-√.
A∏-d™ X]-kp-I-fm¬ ip≤-am-b-h¿ am{Xta
X]m-N-c-W-ß-fn-eqsS Aß-bpsS ip≤-kz-cq]sØ `wKn-bmbn {]m]n-°p-I-bp-≈q.
2. {]Im-i-kz-cq-]-\mb Cuiz-cs‚ krjvSnbn¬, hnkv X r- X hpw ]hn- { Xm- N - c - W - c q- ] hpw
Bb X]- -\p-jvTn-°p-∂-h¿ am{Xta ]c-am-flmhns\ {]m]n-°p-hm≥ tbmKy-cm-hp-I-bp-≈q.
AX-]vX-X\p-hns‚ A¿Yw
234
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Cu cmam-\p-Po-bcpw a‰pw N{Im-¶n-X-cm-Ip-hm\p≈ A\p⁄ Fß-s\-bmWv Cu a{¥-Øn¬
\n∂v kn≤n- ° p- ∂ Xv ? Ah¿ hnZzm- ∑ m- c m- b ncpt∂m AtXm Ahn-Zzm-∑mtcm? hnZzm-∑m-cm-bncp-s∂-¶n¬ C√mØ A¿Yw Fß-s\-bmWv Cu
a{¥-Øn\p ]d-bp-∂Xv? AX-]vX-X-\p-sh-∂√msX AX-]vX-`p-ssP-I-tZix F∂o a{¥-Ønen-√-t√m. IqSmsX AX-]vX-X-\p-hnse X\px
F∂-Xn\v \J-in-Jm-¥a
- p≈ ico-cmw-iß
- s
- f√mw
F∂m-W¿Y-sa-∂pw, A·n-sIm≠p s]m≈n-°emWv hn[n-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂pw N{Im-¶n-X-∑m¿
AwKo-I-cn-®n-´v, AXn≥]Sn Ah-c-h-cpsS icocsØ ASp-∏n-en´v Np´m-epw-IqSn AXv a{¥m¿YØn\p hncp-≤-am-Ip-∂p. a{¥-Øn¬ kXy-`m-jWmZn ]hn-{X-I¿a-ß-sf-bmWv X]-sk∂p ]d™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. EXw-X]x kXyw-X-t]m-Z-a-kvX]x- kzm-[ym-b-kvX]x (ssXØco-bw) 76 apXem-b-h-sb-bmWv X]-sk∂p ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xv.
EXw X]= bYm¿Y-amb ]cn-ip-≤n. kXyw
AwKo-I-cn-°p-I, hm°nepw {]hr-Øn-bnepw
kXy- k - ‘ - X , a\- k ns\ A[¿a- Ø n- t e°p
t]mIm-\-\p-h-Zn-°m-bvI, C{µn-b-ßsf A\ymb
IrXy-ß-fn¬ {]hr-Ø-am-°m-Xn-cn-°¬ apX-emb-h-bmWv X]-kv. icocw C{µn-b-ßƒ a\kv
F∂n- h - b m¬ ip`- I ¿a- ß ƒ BN- c n- ° p- I ,
thZmZn kXy-hn-Zy-Iƒ ]Tn-°bpw ]Tn-∏n-°bpw
sNbvI, thZm-\p-krXw BN-cn-°p-I, apX-emb
DØ-ahpw [¿a-bp-‡-hp-amb {]hr-Øn-I-fpsS
t]cmWv X]-kv. temlw ]gp-∏n®v sXmen-s]m≈n-°p-∂Xv X]-k-√.
N{Im¶n-X-∑m¿ henb sshjvW-h-cm-sW∂v
kzbw Icp-Xp-∂p. F∂m¬ Ah¿ XßfpsS
]mc-ºcyw ZpjvI¿Ω-ßƒ F∂n-ht- b-∏‰n Nn¥n°p-∂-tX-bn-√. Ah-cpsS BZy-Kp-cp-hm-bn-cp∂
iT- t Im--] - s \- ∏ ‰n Uqa- P m- X n- b n¬* ]nd∂
\m`mZm-k≥ cNn® `‡-am-e-bn¬ ""hn{Iob
iq¿]w hnNNm-c-tbmKo'' 77 F∂p-≠v. Cßs\-bp≈ hN-\-ß-fmWv N{Im-¶n-X-cpsS {KŸß-fn-ep-≈X
- v. iT-tIm-]≥ apdw saS™p hnev°p∂-bm-fm-bn-cp-∂p. AXm-bXv ]d-bI
- p-eØ
- n¬ ]nd∂-h-\m-bn-cp-s∂-∂¿Yw. {_m“-W-cn¬ \n∂v
76. EXw X]x kXyw X]x {iqXw X]x im¥av
F∂v ssXØo-cob Bc-WyIw 10.8 ¬ ]mTw.
77 Znhykqcn-N-cnXw . k¿Kw 2, t«mIw 52,
* Hc-h¿W hn`mKw
]Tn-°m≥ B{K-ln-®n-cp-∂n-cn-°mw. {_m“-W¿
AXv Xnc-kvI-cn-®n-cn-°mw. XpS¿∂v {_m“W¿°p hncp-≤-ambn XneIw N{Iw apX-em-bh
sIm≠v ]pXn-sbmcp aX-k-{º-Zmbw Bcw-`n-®Xm-hmw. At±-l-Øns‚ injy≥ ap\n-hm-l-\≥
NWvUme h¿W-Øn¬ ]nd-∂-bm-fm-bn-cp-∂p.
Cbm-fpsS injy≥ bmh-\m-Nm-cy≥ bh-\-Ipe
PmX-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Nne¿ Cu t]cp ]cn-jvI-cn®v
bmap-\m-Nm-cy≥ F∂pw ]d-bm-dp-≠v. ]n∂o-SmWv
{_m“W Ipe-Pm-X-\mb cmam-\p-P≥ N{Im-¶nX-\m-b-Xv.
cmam-\p-P\pw i¶-cm-Nm-cycpw
cmam-\p-P\p apºv GXm\pw `mjm-{K-Ÿß
- tf
D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. Ct±lw Ipd®p kwkvIrXw
]Tn-°bpw kwkvIr-X-Øn¬ Nne t«mI-_-≤{K-Ÿ-ßfpw imco-cnI kq{Xw D]-\n-j-Øp-Iƒ
F∂n-hbv°v i¶-cm-Nm-cy-cpsS `mjy-ßƒs°Xn-cmb `mjy-ßfpw cNn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. i¶-cmNm-cysc hf-sc-tbsd \nµn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
{ioi-¶-cs‚ aX-amb AssZz-Xw, AXm-bXv
""Poh-\pw {_“hpw H∂p-X-s∂-bm-Wv, as‰mcp
hkv X phpw hmkv X - h - Ø n¬ C√, PK- Ø v ,
{]]©w F√mw anYybpw ambm-cq-]hpw A\nXyhpw BWv'' F∂-Xn-s\-Xn-cmbn cmam-\p-Ps‚
aXw ""Poh≥ {_“w, amb F∂nh aq∂pw
\nXy-am-Wv.'' F∂t{X. {_“-Øn\p ]pdta
Poh≥, Imc-W-{]-IrXn F∂n-hsb kzoI-cn-°mØ-Xp-sIm≠v i¶-cm-Nm-cy-cpsS aXw icn-b-√.
C°m-cy-Øn¬ cmam-\p-Ps‚ aX-hpw-˛-Po-h-\pw,
ambbpw klnXw Cuiz-c≥ H∂mWv F∂
hninjvSm-ssZz-Xw, Ch aq∂nt\bpw kzoI-cn°p-Ibpw AssZzXw ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp-I-sb∂-Xv, Xo¿Øpw hy¿∞-am-Wv. Cuiz-cs‚ A[o\- Ø nepw XnI®pw ]mc- X - { ¥y- Ø n- e p- a m- W v ,
Poh≥ F∂p Icp-Xp-I, Igp-Ønepw s\‰n-bnepw
Xne-I-a-Wn-bp-I, ame-b-Wn-bpI hn{K-lm-cm-[\
\S- Ø pI apX- e m- b - h - t bm- S p- I q- S nb ]ma- c aX{]Nm-cWw XpS-ßn-bh N{Im-¶nX aX-Ønep-≠v. Cu N{Im-¶n--X-tcmfw thZ-hn-tcm-[n-I-f√
im¶-c-a-X-°m¿.
hn{K-lm-cm-[\
tNmZyw:˛hn{K-l-cm-[\ Fhn-Sp∂v XpSßn?
DØcw:˛ ssP\n-I-fn¬ \n∂v.
tNmZyw:˛ ssP\n-Iƒ Fhn-Sp∂p XpSßn?
235
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
DØcw:˛ Ah-cpsS A⁄-X-bn¬ \n∂v.
tNmZyw:˛ im¥hpw [ym\m-hÿ
- b
- n-en-cn-°p∂-Xp-amb hn{K-lsØ t\m°n-bn-cp-∂m¬
Ah-\h
- \pw AØ-cs
- amcp Ah-ÿm-¥cw hcpsa-∂mWv ssP\¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
DØcw:˛ Poh≥ tNX-\hpw hn{Klw PUhp-am-Wv. hn{K-l-tØ-t∏mse Poh\pw PU-amIp-sat∂m? Cu hn{K-lm-cm-[\ tIhew ]ma-ca-X-am-Wv. ssP\-∑m-cmWv CXp {]N-cn-∏n-®-Xv.
AXn-\m¬ ssP\-aX
- J
- W
- vU\w ]{¥≠mw kap√m-k-Øn¬ sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv.
sshjvWh ˛ ssP\-t`Zw
tNmZyw:˛ sshjvW-hcpw a‰pw hn{K-lm-cm[- \ sb ssP\- c n¬ \n∂- \ p- I - c n- ° p- I - b √
sNbvX-Xv. Ah-cpsS hn{K-l-ßƒ ssP\-cp-tSXp-t]m-se-b-√.
DØcw:˛ AXp-i-cn-bm-Wv. ssP\-a-X-°m-cp-tSXp-t]mse \n¿an-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Ahcpw ssP\cm-bn-t∏m-tb-t\. AXn-\m¬ ssP\-cp-tS-Xn\p
hncp-≤-ambn hn{K--l-ßƒ ]Wn-Xp. ssP\¿°p
hncp-≤-ambn sNøp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂t√m Ch-cpsS
]cn-]m-Sn. Ch¿°p hncp-≤-ambn sNøp-∂Xv
ssP\-cp-tS-bpw. hnc-‡-a-\p-jy-cpsS \·hpw
[ym\m-h-ÿn-X-hp-amb hn{K-l-ßƒ ssP\-cp≠m- ° n- b - t ∏mƒ AXn\p hn]- c o- X - a mbn
sshjvW-hcpw a‰pw btYjvSw irwKm-cn-I-fmb
kv{XoI-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw h¿W-s∏m-en-a-bp-≈Xpw, cmK- t `m- K - h n- j - b m- k ‡n kln- X - a mb
BIm- c - a p- ≈ - h cpw
Bb
{]Xn- a - I ƒ
\nevIpItbm Ccn-°p-Itbm sNøp∂ cq]-Øn¬
\n¿an-®p. ssP\-∑m-c-[n-Ihpw iwJp-hn-fn, aWnb-Sn, sN≠-sIm-´v, apX-em-b-sXm∂pw sNøm-dn√. sshjv W - h m- Z n- I ƒ Ch- s Im≠v henb
tImem-l-e-ap-≠m-°p-∂p. Cß-s\-bp≈ eoeIƒsIm≠mWv sshjvWh-t]m-∏-∑m¿ XßfpsS injy-∑msc ssP\-cpsS he-bn¬ \n∂p
hnS¿Øn kz¥w he-bn¬ IpSp-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv. IqSmsX hymkmZn al¿jn-am-cpsS t]cn¬,
sI´p-I-Y-Ifpw Akw-`-h-Km-Y-Ifpw Na®v {KŸß-fm-°n. Chbv°v ]pcm-W-sa∂p t]cn´v IYm{]-h-N-\hpw Bcw-`n-®p.
Im]-Syhpw NXnbpw
hnhn[ ambm-Pm-e-ßƒ {]tbm-Kn-°m\pw
Ah¿ aSn-®n-√. inem-hn-{K-l-ß-fp-≠m°n ]¿h-
X-Øntem Imńtem Hfn®p hbv°p-Itbm Ipgn®n-Sp-Itbm sNøpw. F∂n´v injy-∑m-tcmSv shfn]mSp t]mse Cßs\ ]dbpw:˛ cm{Xn-bn¬
F\n-s°mcp kz]v\a
- p-≠m-bn. alm-tZ-h≥, ]m¿∆Xn, cm[, IrjvW≥, koX, cma≥, As√-¶n¬
e£vanbpw \mcm-b-W\pw AYhm ss`c-h≥
l\p-am≥ F∂n-h-cn-em-cp-sS-sb-¶nepw t]cp ]d™v, ""kz]v\Ø
- n¬ Acp-fn-s®-bvXp. Rm≥ C∂nS-Øp-≠v, Fs∂-sIm-≠p-h-∂v Aºew ]WnXv
{]Xn-jvTn-°Ww. \o Xs∂ ]qPm-cn-bp-am-I-Ww.
F¶n¬ \nß-fpsS at\m-hm-RvOn-X-ß-sf√mw
\S-°q. At∏mƒ a\-°Æp Xpd-°m-Ø-hcpw aSn»oe Xpd-∂-h-cp-amb Bfp-Iƒ t]m∏ns‚ eoeIƒ tI´-]Sn hniz-kn®v Fhn-sS-bmWv hn{K-lsa∂p tNmZn-°pw. C∂ ]¿h-X-Øn-set∂m
C∂ Imń-set∂m t]m∏v ]d-bpw. DSt\ Ah¿
B NXn-bs‚ IqsS ]pd-s∏-Spw. sN∂p t\m°ptºmƒ hn{Klw I≠v B›-cy-s∏-Spw. t]m∏ns‚
Imev°¬ hoWv \a-kvI-cn®v ]d-bp-I-bp-≠mbn
""Cu `K-hms‚ A\p-{Klw Aß-bn-ep-≠v. Aßv
`K- h ms\ Fgp- ∂- ≈n- ® p- sIm≠p t]mbm- s ´.
Rßƒ Aºew ]WnXp Xcmw. AhnsS {]XnjvTn®v Aßp Xs∂ ]qPn-®m-s´. Rßfo hnfn∏p-dØp hcp∂ `K-hms\ I≠pw sXm´pw 78
at\m-hm-RvOn-X-ß-fmb ê-ßƒ t\Sn-s°m≈mw.'' Cßs\ Hcp-h≥ eoe-I-fm-Sn-b-t∏mƒ
AXp-I≠v a‰p ]ecpw hb-‰p-]n-g-∏n-\mbn NXnbnepw Im]-Sy-Øn-eq-sSbpw hn{K-l-ßƒ {]XnjvTn-®p.
hn{K-lhpw Cuiz-c-kva-c-Wbpw
tNmZyw:˛ Cuiz-c≥ \ncm-Im-c-\m-Wv. AXn\m¬ [ym\-Øn¬ sIm≠p-h-cm≥ km≤y-a-√.
AXn-\m¬ hn{Klw IqSntb Ign-bq. as‰m∂pw
sNøp-hm-\m-Ip-∂n-s√-¶nepw hn{K-l-Øn-\p-ap∂n¬ sN∂v ssIIq∏n Cuiz-cs\ kvacn-°pIbpw \maw sNm√p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn-se-¥mWv
Xc-t°Sv?
DØcw:˛ Cuizc≥ \ncm-Im-c\pw k¿h-hym]nbp-am-Wv. B Cuiz-cs‚ hn{Klw \n¿an°mt\ km≤y-a-√. hn{K-l-Øns‚ Z¿i-\-am-{Xbn¬ Cuiz-c-kva-c-W-bp-≠m-Ip-sa-¶n¬ Cuizcs‚ A¤pX cN-\-bmb ]rYzn, Pew. A·n,
236
78. DØ-tc-¥y≥ t£{X-ß-fn¬ F√m-h¿°pw
hn{K-l-kv]¿i\w A\p-h-Zn-®n-´p-≠v.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
hmbp, h\- h r- £ - ß ƒ apX- e mb At\Iw
hkvXp-°fpw Cu hI-sb√mw D≈ `qan, ]¿hX-ßƒ˛Cu-iz-c-c-Nn-X-amb Cu alm-aq¿Øn-Ifn¬ \n∂m-Wt√m a\p-jy≥ hn{K-l-ß-fp-≠m°p-∂-Xv˛ apX-em-bh I≠m¬ Cuiz-c-kva-c-Wbp-≠m-hp-I-bnt√? Cs√-¶n¬ hn{Klw I≠m¬
Cuiz-ck
- vac
- W hcp-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv Xo¿Øpw
anYy-bm-Wv. hn{Klw apºn-en-√m-Øt-∏mƒ Cuizc-kvac
- W D≠m-Im-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv a\p-jy≥ GIm¥-X-bn¬ sN∂v tamjWw hy`n-Nmcw apX-emb
ZpjvI¿a-ß-fn¬ G¿s∏-Sm≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v.
ChnsS Fs∂ Bcpw ImWp-∂n-s√∂ tXm∂¬
\nanØw Ah≥ A\¿Yw sNøm-Xn-cn-°n-√.
Cßs\ \nc-h[n Zqjy-ßƒ inemZn hn{K-lß-fpsS Bcm-[-\-bn¬\n∂p-≠m-Ipw. t\m°q!
inem-hn-{K-l-ßsf Bcm-[n-°msX kZm k¿hhym-]-I\pw k¿hm-¥-cym-anbpw \ymb-Im-cn-bpamb ]c-am-flm-hn-s\-Øs∂ Fßpw \nd-™-hs\∂v Adn-bp-Ibpw Icp-Xp-Ibpw sNøp-∂b
- mƒ,
£W-am-{X-t]mepw Xm≥ Cuiz-c-\n¬ \n∂-I∂n-cn-°p-∂n-s√-∂-dn-™v, ZpjvI¿aw sNøp-∂-Xpt]m- I s´ a\- n¬ Nn¥n- ° p- I - t ]m- e p- a n- √ .
a\km hmNm I¿aWm Fs¥-¶nepw NoØ
sNbvXm¬ A¥-cym-an-bpsS \ymb-Øn¬ \n∂v
in£ e`n-°msX c£-s]-Sp-I-bn-s√-∂-bmƒ°dn-bmw.
\ma-kva-c-W-bpsS DØ-a-coXn
IqSmsX shdpsX \maw sNm√p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v
bmsXmcp ê-hp-an-√. Iev°≠w Iev°≠w
F∂n-ßs\ Dcp-hn-´m¬ hmbv°p a[p-ctam th∏v
th∏v F∂n-ßs\ Dcp-hn-´m¬ Ibvt]m D≠mhp-I-bn-√. \m°p-sIm≠v ckn-®m¬ am{Xta a[pctam Ibvt∏m Adnbm-\m-Iq.
tNmZyw:˛ \ma-P]w shdpw shdp-sX-bm
tWm? ]pcm-W-ß-fn¬ k¿h{X \ma-kva-cW
amlmflyw hmgvØn-bn-´p≠t√m?
DØcw:˛ \nßƒ \ma-P]w \S-Øp∂ coXn
DØ-a-a-√. \nß-fpsS \ma-P-]-Øns‚ coXn
bYm¿∞-a-√.
tNmZyw:˛ Rß-fpsS coXn Fßs\?
DØcw:˛ thZ-hn-cp-≤w.
tNmZyw:˛ \√-Xv, thZm-\p-Iqe coXn Fßs\-sb∂p ]d™p X∂ms´.
DØcw:˛ \ma-P]w sNtø-≠-Xn-ß-s\-bm-Wv.
\ymb-Im-cn-sb-∂Xv Cuiz-cs‚ Hcp \ma-am-Wv.
Cu \ma-Øns‚ A¿Yw AXm-bXv ]£-]m-Xc-ln-X-\mbn Ft∏mgpw F√m-h¿°pw bYm-hXv
\ymbw sNøp-∂, Hcn-°epw A\ymbw sNømØ
]c-am-flmhv F∂n-ßs\ {Kln-°-Ww. CXp
{Kln®v \ymb-bp-‡-amb {]hrØn sNø-Ww.
A\ymbw Hcn-°epw sNø-cp-Xv. Cßs\ Cu
H‰ \maw sIm≠p-Xs∂ a\p-jy\v awK-f-ap-≠mIpw.
Ah-Xm-c-ßƒ
tNmZyw:˛ Cuiz-c≥ \ncm-Im-c-\m-sW∂v
Rßƒ°pw Adn- b mw. F∂m¬ inh≥,
hnjvWp, KW-]-Xn, kqcy≥ XpS-ßnb ico-cßƒ [cn- ° p- I bpw cma≥, IrjvW≥
XpSßnb Ah- X - m - c - ß ƒ FSp- ° p- I bpw
sNbvXp. CXn¬ \n∂v Cuiz-cs‚ hn{K-l-ßfp-≠m-°n. CXpw I≈-amtWm?
DØcw:˛ AtX-btX I≈w. Fs¥-∂m¬
AP GI ]mXv, 79 AIm-b-av 80 CXymZn hntij-W-ß-fm¬ Cuiz-cs\ P\-\-a-c-W-c-ln-X≥,
icocw [cn- ° m- Ø - h ≥ F∂v thZ- ß - f n¬
hntijn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. IqSmsX bp‡n-sIm≠pw
Ah- X mcw D≠m- I p- s a∂p kn≤n- ° p- I - b n- √ .
BImiw t]mse k¿h{X hym]n-®n-cn-°p∂
A\-¥hpw kpJ-Zpx-J-Zr-iym-Zn-Kp-W-c-ln-X-amb
AXv sNdn- s bmcp hocy- Ø ntem K¿`m- i - b Øntem ico-c-Øntem Fßs\ HXpßp-sa∂mWv? hcn-Ibpw t]mhp-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv GItZ-io-b-am-b-Xm-Wv. AN-ehpw AZr-iyhpw Hcp
]c-am-Wp-hn¬ t]mepw C√m-Xn-cn-°m-Ø-Xp-amb
AXns‚ Ah-Xm-c-sØ-∏‰n ]d-bp-∂Xv h‘ybpsS ]p{X≥ hnhmlw sNbvXv ]p{X-\p-≠mbn
F∂p ]d-bpw-t]m-se-bm-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ Cuiz-c≥ Fßpw \nd-™-h-\msW-¶n¬ hn{K-l-Ønepw D≠v. GsX-¶nepw
hkvXp-hn¬ Cuiz-cs\ k¶-ev]n®v Bcm-[n-°p∂-Xn¬ sXs‰-¥mWv? t\m°q:˛
\ImjvtT hnZytX tZthm \ ]mjmtW \
237
79. EtKzZw 7.35.13,
80. bPp¿thZw 40.8
81. KcpU ]pcm-Ww. t{]X-JWvUw 30/13.
\]m-jm-tW\ ar◊tb F∂n-SØv \ inebmw
IZm-N\ F∂p-]m-Tw.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
ar◊tb `mthln hnZytX tZh kvXkvamZv
`mthm-ln-Im-c-W-av 81
Cuiz- c ≥ ac- Ø ntem I√ntem aÆpsIm≠p≠m-°nb hkvXp-hntem A√. k¶-ev]Øn-em-Wp-≈-Xv. FhnsS k¶-ev]n-°p-∂pthm
AhnsS Cuiz-c-km-∂n-≤y-ap-≠v.
DØcw:˛ Cuiz-c≥ k¿∆{X hym]n--®n-cn-°p∂-Xn-\m¬ GsX-¶nepw Hcp hkvXp-hn¬ k¶ev]n-°p-Ibpw A\y{X k¶-ev]n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibm-sW-¶n¬, N{I-h¿Ønsb k{am-Pym-[n-Im-cØn¬ \n∂p-am‰n Hcp sN‰-°p-Sn-ens‚ A[n-]\m- ° p- ∂ - X n\p Xpey- a m- b n- c n- ° pw. CsX{X
henb A]-am-\-amWv! Cßs\ \nßƒ Cuizcs\ A]-am-\ n-°p-∂p. hym]-I-\ m-sW- ¶n¬
]qt¥m- ´ - Ø n¬ \n∂v ]pjv ] hpw Cebpw
CdpØv A¿®n-°p-∂-sX-¥n\v? Nµ\w Nm¿Øp∂-sX-¥n\v? [q]w Dgn-bp-∂s
- X¥n\v? sN≠bpw
tNß-ebpw ]dbpw tImep-sIm≠v X√n-s∏m-fn°p-∂-sX-¥n\v? \nß-fpsS ssII-fn-ep-ap-≈t∏mƒ ssIIq-∏p-∂s
- X-¥n\v? Xe-bn-ep-≈t- ∏mƒ
Ipºn-Sp-∂-sX-¥n\v? A∂-P-em-Zn-I-fn-ep-≠t√m?
]ns∂-¥n-\h \nth-Zn-°p∂p? Pe-Øn-ep-f-ft∏mƒ A`n-tj-I-sa-¥n\v? Ch-bn-se√mw ]c-amflmhv hym]- I - \ m- W - t √m. \nßƒ hym]- I s\tbm hym]y-t\tbm ]qPn-°p-∂Xv? hym]-Is\-bm-sW-¶n¬, Rßƒ Cuiz-cs\ ]qPn-°ps∂∂v F¥n\p I≈w ]d-bp∂p? Rßƒ inem]q- P - I - c m- s W- s ∂- ¥ p- s Im≠p kXyw ]d- b p∂n√?
k¶-ev]-sa-∂m¬?
C\n ]dbq k¶ev]w kXytam I≈tam?
kXy-am-sW∂p ]d-™m¬ \nß-fpsS k¶-ev]Øn¬s]´v Cuiz- c ≥ _≤- \ m- b n- t ∏m- I pw.
IqSmsX \nßƒ aÆn¬ kz¿W-c-P-Xm-Zn-Ifpw
ine-bn¬ sshcw, ac-X -Iw, apX-e m- b- h bpw
IS¬\p-c-bn¬ apØpw, Pe-Øn¬ ]mev, ssXcv,
s\øv apX-em-b-hbpw s]mSn-a-Æn¬ ssaZm,
]©-kmc apX-em-b-hbpw k¶-ev]n®v Ahsb
A{]-Imcw B°m-Ø-sX-¥mWv? \nß-sfm-cn°epw ZpxJw k¶-ev]n-°m-dn-√. ]ns∂-ß-s\bm-W-Xp-≠m-Ip-∂Xv? kpJw kZm k¶-ev]n-°mdp-≠v. F¶nepw F¥p-sIm-≠Xp In´p-∂n√.
A‘-∑m¿ t\{XsØ k¶-ev]n®v ImgvN-i‡n
t\Sm- Ø - s X¥v ? acWw k¶- e v ] n- ° m- d n- √ .
]ns∂- ß - \ Xv kw`- h n- ° p∂p? AXp- s Im≠v
k¶ev]w kXy-a-√. Hcp hkvXp F{]-Im-camtWm A{]-Imcw Xs∂ hnNm-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚
t]cmWv k¶-ev]w. A·n-bn¬ A·n-tbbpw
Pe-Øn¬ Pe-tØbpw Adn-bp-∂-XmWv k¶ev]w. Pe-Øn¬ A·nbpw A·n-bn¬ Pehpw
Adnbp-∂Xv k¶-ev]h
- n-cp-≤a
- m-Wv. Fß-s\tbm
Aßs\ Adn-bp-∂-XmWv ⁄m\w. A\yYm
Adn- b p- ∂ Xv A⁄m- \ - a m- W v . AXn- \ m¬
\nßƒ k¶-ev]-hn-cp-≤sØ k¶-ev]-sa∂pw
k¶-ev]sØ k¶-ev]h
- n-cp-≤s
- a∂pw ]d-bp-Ib
- mWv.
tNmZyw:˛ thZ-a{- ¥-ßs
- f-s°m≠v Bhm-ln°p-∂-Xp-hsc tZhX hcp-∂n-√. Bhm-ln-°ptºmƒ DS-\Sn hcp-∂p. D®mS\w sNøp-tºmƒ
t]mhp-Ibpw sNøp∂p.
DØcw:˛ a{¥w sNm√n Bhm-ln-°p-tºmƒ
tZhX hcp-sa-¶n¬ hn{Klw F¥p-sIm≠v tNX\-am-Ip-∂n√? D®m-S\w sNøp-tºmƒ hn{Klw
\S-∂p-t]m-Im-Ø-sX¥v? B tZhX Fhn-Sp∂mWv hcnI? Ftßm´p t]mIpw? tIƒ°q
A‘-∑mtc! ]q¿W-\mb ]c-am-flmhv hcn-I-bpan√ t]mIp-I-bp-an-√. \nßƒ a{¥-i-‡n-sIm≠v
Cuiz-cs\ hnfn®p hcp-Øp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬, AtXa{¥w sIm≠v \nß-fpsS acn-®p-t]mb ]p{Xs‚
Bflm- h ns\ hnfn®p hcpØn ico- c - Ø n¬
B°m-Ø-sX¥v? i{Xp-hns‚ ico-c-Øn¬ \n∂v
Bflm-hns\ D®m-S\w sNbvXv sIm√m-Ø-sX¥mWv ? ip≤m- fl m- ° - f mb ktlm- Z - c - ∑ mtc!
tI´mepw! Cu t]m∏-t±lw \nßsf I_-fn-∏n®v
X≥Imcyw t\Sp-I-bm-Wv. thZ-ß-fn-seßpw
inemZn hn{K-lm-cm-[\ Cu-iz-cs‚ Bhm-l-\w,
D®m-S\w F∂n-h-sb-∏‰n Hc-£cw Dcn-bm-Sn-bnń-√.
tNmZyw:˛ {]mWm Clm-K-—¥p kpJw Nncw
XnjvT¥p kzmlm Btfllm K—Xp kpJw
Nncw Xnjv T Xp kzmlm C{µn- b m- W nlm
K—¥p kpJw Nncw Xnjp¥p kzmlx ChIƒ thZ-a-{¥-ß-fm-Wv. ]ns∂ Cs√∂p ]dbp-∂-sX-¥mWv?
DØcw:˛ F‚-∏t\ Aev]w _p≤n-sb-¶nepw
kz¥-am-bp-]-tbm-Kn-°q. CX√mw hma-am¿Kn-Iƒ
sIń-®-a® thZ-hn-cp-≤-amb X{¥-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬
t]m∏-∑m-sc-gp-Xn-h® hcn-I-fm-Wv. thZ-hm-Iy-a√.
238
82 D≈-Xp-sIm≠v Cs√∂p ]d-bp-∂-sX∂v Xmev]cyw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
X{¥ßƒ anYy
tNmZyw:˛ X{¥-ßƒ I≈-amtWm?
DØcw:˛ AsX. Xo¿Øpw I≈-am-Wv. inemZn-hn-{K-lß
- sf kw_-‘n® Bhm-l\
- w, {]mW{]- X njv T apX- e m- b - h - s b- ∏ ‰n Hscm‰ a{¥w
t]mepw thZ- ß - f n¬ C√. AXp- t ]mse
kv\m\w ka¿]-bman CXymZn hN-\-ß-fp-an-√.
AXm-bXv ]mjm-WmZn aq¿Ønw cN-bnXzm aµntcjp kwÿm]y K‘m-Zn-`n-c¿N-tbXv inemhn-{Klw ]WnXv Aº-e-Øn¬ {]Xn-jvTn®v
Nµ\w A£Xw apX-em-b-h-bm¬ ]q-Pn-°-Ww.
Cß-s\-sbm∂pw H´pw C√-X-s∂.
Cuizc ]qPbv°p ]Icw as‰m-∂n√
tNmZyw:˛ thZ-ß-fn¬ hn[n-bn-√. F¶n¬
JWvU-\hpw C√-t√m. JWvU\w Ds≠¶n¬
{]m]vXu kXymw \ntj[x 82 F∂ \ymb{]-Imcw hn{Klw D≈-Xp-sIm≠p am{X-am-Wv.
DØcw:˛ hn[n-bn-√. F∂m¬ Cuiz-cs‚
ÿm\w as‰m-∂n\p \evIn ]qPn-°-cp-sX-∂p≈
hn[nbpw hn{K-lm-cm-[\ Xo¿Øpw ]mSn-s√∂
\ntj-[hpw D≠v. A]q¿h-hn-[n 83 D≠m-Im≥
]mSn-s√-∂pt≠m? tIƒ°q!
1. A‘-¥ax {]hn-i¥n tbfkw`q-Xn-ap-]mktX, XtXm `qbfCh tX XtambfD
kw`qXymMv cXmx(-b-Pp. 40/9)
2. \ X-ky-{]-Xnam AkvXn (b-Pp. 32/3)
1. bZzm-Nm-\-`yp-ZnXw tb\ hmK-`yp-ZytX
XtZh {_“ Xzw hn≤n t\Zw bZn-Za
- p-]m-ktX.
2. b∑-\-km\ a\ptX tb\m-lpcva-t\m-aXav, XtZh {_“ Xzw hn≤n t\Zw bZnZ ap]mktX
3. b®£p jm \ ]iyXn tb\ N £qw
jn, ]iyXn, XtZh {_“ Xzw hn≤n t\Zw
bZn-Z-ap-]m-ktX
4. tbt{—m- t {XW \ir- t WmXn tb\
t{im{X-anZw {ipXav XtZh {_“ Xzw hn≤n
t\Zw bZnZap]m-ktX
83. A{]m-]vXØ
- ns\ \ntj-[n-°p-Is
- b-∂X
- mWv ChnsS
A]q¿h-hn-[n. CXn-t\-∏‰n Cu {]I-c-W-Øn¬
Øs∂ IqS-X¬ hymJym-\n-°p-∂p-≠v.
tIt\m-]\
- n-jZ- z-N\
- ß
- f
- psS hymJym-\Ø
- n-\p-tijw
t\m°p-I.
84. tIt\m-]-\n-jXv 1. 4˛8
5. bXv{]mtW\ \ {]mWnXn tb\-{]mWx
{]Wo-btX XtZh {_“ Xzw hn≤n t\Zw
bZnZ ap]m-ktX 84
1. Akw-`q-Xnsb AYhm A\m-Znbpw A\pXv]∂
- hpw Imc-Wc
- q-]h
- p-amb {]Ir-Xnsb {_“Øns‚ ÿm\Øp ]qPn-°p-∂-h¿ A‘-Im-cØn¬ AXm-bXv A⁄m-\-Ønepw ZpxJ-km-Kc-Ønepw apßn-t∏m-Ip-∂p. kw`q-Xnsb AYhm
Imc-W-Øn¬ \n∂p-≠mb Imcy-cq-]-ß-fmb
]rYn-hymZn `qX-ß-tfbpw I√v, acw apX-emb
AwK-ß-tfbpw a\p-jy-cp-tSbpw a‰pw ico-c-ßtfbpw {_“-Øns‚ ÿm\-Øp-]m-kn-°p-∂-h¿
B A‘-Im-c-tØ-°mƒ A[n-I-amb A‘-Imc-Øn¬-˛-A-Xm-bXv alm-aq-V-∑m¿ Nnc-Imew
ZpxJ-cq-]n-bmb \c-I-Øn¬-˛-hoWv alm-t¢-i-ßf-\p-`-hn-°p-∂p.
2. PK-Øn-se√mw hym]n-®n-cn-°p∂ \ncm-Imc-\mb B ]c-am-flm-hns‚ {]Xn-a-˛-]-cn-am-Ww,
kmZriyw AYhm hn{Klw ˛C-√.
1. hmWn-bpsS CZ-¥m 85 AXm-bXv CXv
Pe-amWv FSp-Øp-sIm-≈pI F∂-Xp-t]mse
hnj-b-a-√m-Ø-tXtXm GXns‚ [mc-W-Ømepw
kØ-bmepw hmWn-bpsS {]hr-Øn-Iƒ \S-°p∂pthm AXns\ {_“-sa-∂-dn-bp-I. AXns\
D]m-kn-°p-I. AXn¬\n∂p `n∂-am-bXv GtXm
AXv D]m-k-\o-b-a-√.
2. a\-kn¬ ""C∂-hn[w'' F∂v a\-\-Øn\p
hnjbambn hcp-∂n-√-tbm, F∂-m¬ a\- ns\
Adn-bp-∂-tXtXm AXn-s\-Øs∂ \o {_“-sa∂-dn-bp-Ibpw D]m-kn-°p-Ibpw thWw. AXn¬
\n∂p `n∂-amb Poh≥, A¥x-I-cWw F∂nhsb {_“-Øn\p ]Icw D]m-kn-°-cp-Xv.
3. IÆn-\m¬ ImWm-\m-hm-Ø-tX-tXm, F√mIÆpw GXn-\m¬ ImWp-∂pthm AXns\ \o
{_“-sa-∂-dn-bp-I. AXns\ am{Xw D]m-kn-°pI. AXn¬\n- ∂ p- ` n- ∂ - a mb i_v Z m- Z n- I sf
AXns‚ ÿm\Øv D]m-kn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I.
5. {]mW-ß-fm¬ Nen-∏n-°m-\m-hm-Ø-Xpw,
F∂m¬ {]mW≥ Nen- ° p- ∂ Xv GXn- \ m- e pamtWm AXns\ \o {_“-sa-∂d
- n-bp-I. AXns\
D]m-kn-°p-I. AXn¬ \n∂p `n∂-amb hmbp-hn-
239
85
CZ¥m -= CXmWv CXm F∂v Nq≠n-°m-´m-hp∂
D◊
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
s\bpw a‰pw D]m-kn-°-cp-Xv.
Cßs\ \ntj- [ - ß ƒ hf- s c- b p- ≠ v.
\ntj[w {]m]vX-Øn\pw A{]m-]vX-Øn\pw
D≠v. {]m]vX-Øn-\v-˛-B-sc-¶nepw Hcn-S-Øn-cn-°p∂p. Abmsf Ahn-sS-\n∂v Fgp-t\-ev]n-°pI
F∂-Xp-Zm-l-c-Ww. A{]m-]vX-Øn\v ˛a-It\ \o
Hcn-°epw tamjvSn-°-cp-Xv, InW-‰n¬ho-g-cp-Xv,
ZpjvS-kw-k¿Kw Acp-Xv, hnZym-lo-\-\m-bn-cn-°cp-Xv, Cßs\ A{]m-]vX-Øn\pw \ntj[w D≠v.
a\p-jy-cpsS ⁄m\-Øn¬ A{]m-]vXa
- m-bX
- ns\
Cuiz- c s‚ ⁄m\- Ø n¬ {]m- ] v X - a m- b - X psIm≠v \ntj-[n-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ inem-Zn-hn{K-l]qP AXy¥w \njn-≤-am-Ip-∂p.
hn{K-lm-cm-[\ ]m]w
tNmZyw:˛ hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bn¬ ]pWy-an-s√¶n-epw, ]m]hpw C√t√m?
DØcw:˛I¿Ωw c≠p-X-c-Øn-te-bp-≈q H∂v
hnln-Xw˛ sNtø-≠Xv F∂p thZ-Øn¬ {]Xn]m-Zn-®n-´p≈ kXy-`m-j-Wm-Zn-I¿Ω-ßƒ. c≠v
\njn≤w-˛-sN-ø-cp-sX∂v thZ-Øn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn®n-´p≈ anYym-`m-jWw apX-em-b-h. hnln-X-a-\pjv T n- ° p- ∂ Xv [¿ahpw A\p- j v T n- ° m- Ø Xv
A[¿ahpw Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse \njn-≤I¿Ω-ßƒsN-øp-∂Xv A[-¿ahpw sNøm-ØXv
[¿a-hp-am-Wv. thZ-ß-fn¬ \njn-≤-amb hn{K-lmcm-[-\bpw a‰pw \nßƒ sNøp-∂-]£w ]m]nbm-Im-Xn-cn-°p-∂-sXßs\?
tNmZyw : t\m°q! thZ-ßƒ A\m-Zn-bmWv. A°m-eØv hn{K-l-ß-sf-¥n\v? A∂v
tZh-X-Iƒ {]Xy-£-cm-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv X{¥]p-cm-Wm-Zn-Iƒ {]N-cn-∏n-®-XmWv Cu coXn.
a\p-jycpsS Adnhpw Ignhpw Ipd-™p-t]mb-t∏mƒ Cuiz-cs\ [ym\-Øn¬ sIm≠p-hcm≥ Ignhn-√m-sX-bm-bn. hn{K-lsØ [ym\n°m-\m-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ A⁄m-\nIƒ°p≈XmWv hn{K-lm-cm-[-\. ]Sn-]-Sn-Ifmbn Ib- d n- b m¬ a´p- ∏ m- h n- s e- Ø mw.
BZysØ ]Sn- h n´v Ib- d m≥ km≤y- a - √ .
hn{Klw {]Y-a-]-Sn-bm-Wv. CXns\ ]qPn®v
]qPn®v ⁄m\-ap-≠mbn A¥xIcWw ]hn{X-am-Ip-tºmƒ ]c-am-flm-hns\ [ym\n-°m-\mhpw. D∂w ]Tn-°p-∂-h¿ BZyw ÿqe e£yØn¬ sIm≈n®v ]Tn®v ]n∂oSv kq£v a
e£y-Ønepw Atºm shSn-tbm, ]oc-¶n-bp-
≠tbm sIm≈n- ° m≥ Ign- h p- ≠ m- ° p- ∂ Xpt]mse ÿqe-amb hn{K-l-Øns\ ]qPn®v
]n∂oSv kq£v a - { _“sØ {]m]n- ° mw.
s]Ïp- ´ n- I ƒ ssii- h - Ø n¬ ]mh- I sf
Ip™p-ßfmbn k¶-ev]n-°p-∂p. `¿Øm-hp≠mbn Ign-™m¬ ]n∂n-√. Cß-s\-sb√mw
Nn¥n-®m¬ hn{K-lm-cm-[\ NoØ-Im-cy-a-√.
DØcw:˛ thZ-hn-ln-X-amb [¿aw thZ-hn-cp≤m- N - c - W - Ø n¬ A[¿aw F∂n- h - b p- s ≠¶n¬]ns∂ \nß-sf¥p ]d-™mepw hn{K-lmcm-[\ A[¿a-am-bn-Øs∂ \ne-\n¬°p-∂p.
thZ-hn-cp-≤-amb {KŸ-ßƒ {]am-W-am-°p-∂-XpsIm≠v \mkvXn-I-\m-hp-Itb D≈q. tI´mepw:˛
1. \mkvXntIm thZ-\n-µ-Ix 86
2. bm thZ-_mlymx kvarXtbm bm›
Im› IZr-jvSbx kcvhm-kvXm-\n-jvê
- mx- t{]Xy-X-tam-\n-jvTm-ln-Xmx- kvarXmx
3. DXv]Z- yt¥ Nyht¥ N bm\ytXm \ym\n
Im\n-NnXv, Xm\ycvhm-°m-en-IX
- bm \njvê
- m\y-\r-Xm-\n-N. 87
1. thZ-\n-µ, AXm-bXv thZ-Øns‚ A]-am\w
XymKw hncp-≤m-N-cWw F∂nh sNøp-∂-bmƒ
\mkvXn-I-\m-Wv.
2. thZ-_m-lyhpw Ip’n-Xc
- mb Bfp-If
- p-≠m°n-b-Xp-amb {KŸ-ßƒ kwkm-csØ ZpxJ-kmK-c-Øn¬ BgvØp-∂-h-bm-Wv. Ah \njvêhpw Ak-Xyhpw A‘-Im-c-cq-]hpw Cl-]-ctem-I-ß-fn¬ ZpxJ-Zm-b-I-hp-am-Wv.
3. thZ- ß ƒ°p hncp- ≤ - a mbn D≠m- I p∂
{KŸ-ßƒ B[p-\n-Iß
- f
- m-Ib
- m¬ io{Lw \mia-S-bp-∂p. Ahsb {]am-W-ambn KWn-°p-∂Xv
\njv^-ehpw I≈-Ø-c-hp-am-Wv.
thZ- h n- c p- ≤ - a m- b - X ns\ ]pdw X≈p- I bpw
thZm-\p-Iq-e-am-b BN-c-W-ßƒ ssIs°m-≈pIbpw sNøp-∂-XmWv [¿a-sa∂v {_“m apX¬
ssPan-\n 88 hsc-bp≈ al¿jn-am¿ AwKo-Icn- ® n- c p- ∂ p. Fs¥- ∂ m¬ thZw kXym¿∞Øns‚ {]Xn-]m-Z-I-am-Wv. CXn\p hncp-≤-ambn
86.
87
88
240
a\p-kvarXn 2.11
Sn. 12.95-˛96
hntcm-t[-Xz-\-t]£yw kymZ-kXn ly\p-am-\-av.
(ao-amw-km-Z¿i\w 1.3.3). thZ-hn-cp-≤-sa-¶n¬
{]am-Wa√. hncp-≤-as√¶n¬ {]mam-WysØ
A\p-am-\n-°m-hp-∂-XmWv F∂¿-Yw.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
F{Xsb¶nepw X{¥tam ]pcm-Wtam D≠mbmepw thZ-hn-cp-≤-am-I-bm¬ I≈-am-Wv. AhbpsS t]m°v thZ-hn-]-co-X-am-bn-´m-Wv. Ah-bn¬
]d-bp∂ hn{K-lm-cm-[-\bpw A[¿aam-Wv.
a\p-jy-cpsS ⁄m\w PU-]q-P-bm¬ h¿≤n°p-I-bn-s√∂p am{X-a-√, Aev]-kzev] ⁄m\ap-≈Xv \jvSs
- ∏-Sp-Ib
- pta Dffq. ⁄m\n-If
- psS
tkhm kwk¿K-ßƒsIm-≠-√msX hn{K-lm-cm[-\-sIm≠v Cuiz-cs\ [ym\-Øn¬ hcp-Øm≥
Ft∏m-sg-¶nepw Ign-bptam? Ct√-bn-√. hn{K-lmcm-[\ Hcn-°epw tkm]m-\-a-√. AKm-[-K¿Øam-Wv. IqSmsX B K¿Ø-Øn¬ \n∂v Hcp
ImeØpw c£-s∏-Sm-\m-hn-√. AXn¬ InS∂p
Nmhp-Itb D≈q. sNdnb [m¿anI hnZzm-∑m¿
apX¬ alm hnZzm-∑m-cmb tbmKn-Iƒ hsc-bp≈-h-cpsS kwk¿Kw-sIm≠v {]m]n-°p∂ kZznZy, kXy-`m-jWw apX-em-bh Cuiz-c-{]m-]vXn°p≈ tkm]m- \ - ß - f m- W p- X - s ∂. hoSns‚
apIƒ\n-e-bn-te-°p-t]m-Im-\p≈ GWn-∏-Sn-t]mse, hn{K-l-]q-P-sN-bvX-h-cmcpw ⁄m\n-I-fm-bnń-s√∂p am{X-a-√, A⁄m-\n-I-fmb hn{K-lmcm-[-I¿ a\p-jy-P∑w hy¿Y-am°n arXn-b-S-™nt´-bp-≈q. Ct∏mƒ sNøp-∂-hcpw C\n sNøm≥
t]mIp-∂-hcpw a\p-jy-P-∑-Ønse [¿am¿Y-Ima-tam-£-ß-fpsS {]m]vXn-bm-Ip∂ ê-ß-tfmSv
hnap-J-cmbn shdpsX \jvS-s∏-´p-t]m-hp-Itb
D≈q. {_“-{ ]m-] vX n-b v°p≈ ÿqe- e £yw
hn{Klmcm-[-\-b-√, [m¿an-I-cmb hnZzm-∑mcpw
krjvSn-hn-Zy-bp-amWv. CXp {ItaW hnI-kn-∏n®p-sIm-≠p-h∂v {_“-{]m]vXn D≠m-°m-hp-∂Xm-Wv. IqSmsX hn{Klw ]mh-sIm-≠p≈ Ifnt]m-se-bp-a-√. A£-cm-`ym-kw, \√ in£Ww
F∂n-h-bmWv {_“-{]m-]vXn-°p≈ km[-\-Iƒ.
\√ in£-Whpw hnZym-`ym-khpw e`n-°p-tºmƒ
bYm¿Y DS-b-h-\mb ]c-am-flm-hn-s\bpw {]m]n°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bpsS 16 tZmj-ßƒ
tNmZyw:˛ kmIm-c-am-b-Xn¬ a\kv ÿncam-Ipw. \ncm-Im-c-Øn¬ ÿnc-am-Im≥ {]bmk-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬ hn{K-lm-cm-[\ th≠-XpX-s∂.
DØcw:˛ kmIm-c-Øn¬ Hcn-°epw a\kv
ÿnc-am-hp-I-bn-√. AXns\ a\kv s]s´∂p
{Kln®v Hmtcmtcm Ah-b-h-Ønepw amdn-amdn
k©-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. \ncm-Im-c-\mb ]c-
am-flm-hns\ {Kln-°p-tºmƒ i‡n-bp-≈-{Xbpw
a\kv HmSn-bmepw AXn\v Ah-km-\-an-√. \nch-b-h-am-I-bm¬ a\kv N©-e-am-I-bp-an-√. adn®v
AXns‚ KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ß-sf-∏‰n Nn¥n-®pNn-¥n®v B\-µa
- ·
- a
- m-bn, ÿnc-ambn `hn-°p-∂p.
IqSmsX kmIm-c-Øn¬ ÿnc-am-Ip-sa-¶n¬ PKØn-ep-≈X
- n-s‚-sb√mw a\kv ÿnc-am-tI-≠X
- mbn-cp-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ PK-Øn¬ a\p-jy-sc√mw
kv{Xo˛-]p-{X-an-{X-˛-[-\mZn kmIm-c-ß-fn¬ s]´pg-ep-∂p. \ncm-Im-c-Øn¬ hcp-∂-Xp-hsc BcpsSbpw a\kv ÿnc-am-Ip-∂n-√. \nc-h-b-h-am-bXn¬ am{Xta a\kv ÿnc-am-Ip-I-bp-≈q. AXn\m¬ hn{K-lm-cm-[\ sNøp-∂Xv A[¿a-am-Ip∂p.
c≠m-a-Xv˛ At\-I-tIm-Sn-cq] t£{X-ß-fn¬
hybw sNbvXv Zcn-{Z-cm-hp-∂p. AXn¬ {]am-Z-ap≠v.
aq∂m-aXv ˛ t£{X-ßf
- n¬ kv{Xo ]pcp-j∑
- m¿
tafn-°p-∂Xp \nanØw hy`n-Nm-c-hpw, el-f-bpw,
_l-fhpw tcmKm-Zn-Ifpw D≠m-Ip-∂p.
\mem-a-Xv˛ CXp-Xs∂ [¿am¿Y-Im-a-ap-‡nbv°p≈ km[-\-sb∂p \n\®v ]pcp-jm¿Y-c-lnX-ambn PohnXw shdpsX ]mgm-°n-°-f-bp-∂p.
A©m-a-Xv˛ \m\m-{]-Im-c-Øn-ep≈ kzcq-]ssh-cp≤yw \ma-ssh-hn-[yw, kz`m-h-ßƒ F∂nh- t bm- S p- I q- S nb aq¿Øn- I - f psS ]qPm- c n- I ƒ
sFIy- a - X y- c - l n- X - a mbn hncp- ≤ - a - X - ß - f n¬
{]h¿Øn®v ]c-kv]cw a’-cn®v tZisØ \in∏n-°p-∂p.
Bdm-a-Xv˛ i{Xp-hns‚ ]cm-P-bhpw kz¥-hnP-bhpw hn{K-l-ßsf G¬]n®v an≠m-Xn-cn-°p∂p. HSp-hn¬ tXm‰v cmPy-Øns‚ kzmX-{¥yhpw
[\-ku-Jy-ßfpw i{Xp-hns‚ A[o-\-X-bn-em°p-∂p. Ahcpw ]cm-[o-\-cmbn k{X-°m-cs‚
tImh¿I-gp-X-I-sf-t∏m-sebpw Ipi-hs‚ Igp-Xtb-t∏m-sebpw i{Xp-hn\p hgn-s∏´v At\-I-hn[
Zpcn-X-ßƒ A\p-`-hn-°p-∂p.
Ggm-a-Xv˛ \nß-fpsS ÿm\Øv \nßƒ°p]-Icw Hcp {]Xna aXn. AXp {]Xn-jvTn-°p∂p
F∂v Hcp-h-\m-tcm-sS-¶nepw ]d-bp∂ ]£w
Abmƒ {Ip≤-\mbn {]l-cn-°p-Ibpw iIm-cn-°pIbpw sNøpw. AXp-t]mse Cuiz-cs‚ D]mk-\bv°p ]Icw lrZ-b-Ønepw \ma-Ønepw
inem-hn-{K-l-ßsf {]Xn-jvTn-°p∂ ZpjvS-_p≤n-Isf Cuiz-c≥ Ipfw tXm≠n-°f
- b
- p-Ib
- nt√?
241
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
F´m-a-Xv˛ \mSp-tXm-dp-ap≈ t£{X-ß-fn¬ tbm-Sp-tN¿∂v Hgp-In-b-Sn™v a\-jy-a-e-tØmfw
- n¬ hym]n-∏n-°p-∂p. Bbn{`m¥p-]n-Sn®v HmSn-\-S∂v ZpxJ-a-\p-`-hn-°p-∂p. Zp¿K‘w BIm-iØ
[m¿an-Ihpw sFln-I-hpw, ]mc-am¿Yn-I-hp-amb c-°-W-°n\p Pohn-Iƒ AXn¬ hoW-Sn™v
{]hr-Øn-Iƒ If-™p-Ip-fn-°p-∂p. tNmc-]o-Un- Afn-bp-∂p.
X-cmbn h©-I-cpsS h©\-bn¬ s]´p-g-ep-∂p.
Cßs\ hn{K-lm-cm-[\ sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v
Hº-Xm-a-Xv˛ ZpjvS-cmb ]qPm-cn-Iƒ°v [\w \nc-h[n tZmj-ßƒ h∂p-Iq-Sp-∂p. AXn-\m¬
\¬Ip-∂p. B [\w thiym-K-a-\w, aZy-amw-km- inem-Zn-hn-{K-l-ß-fpsS Bcm-[\ k÷-\-ßƒ
lm-cw, elf _l-f-ßƒ F∂n-hbv°v Ah¿ XyPn-t°-≠X
- m-Wv. hn{K-lm-cm-[\ sNbvXh
- c
- pw,
sNe-h-gn-°p-∂p. CXv ZmXm-hns‚ kpJ-Im-cWw sNøp-∂-hcpw sNøm≥ t]mIp-∂-hcpw ap≥]\jvS-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\n-S-bm-°p-∂p.
d™ tZmj-ß-fn¬ \n∂v c£-s]-ń-ń-√. c£]Øm-a-Xv˛ AΩ, A—≥ apX-emb ]qP-\o- s]-Sp-∂n-√, c£-s]-Sp-I-bp-an-√.
bsc A]-am-\n-°bpw inemZn hn{K-l-ßsf
]qPn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXv P\-ßƒ IrX-Lv\-cm-bnbYm¿Y ]©m-b-X-\-]qP
t∏m-Ip-∂p.
tNmZyw:-˛ GsX-¶nepw Xc-Øn-ep≈ hn{K]Xn-s\m-∂m-aX
- v˛ Bcm\pw hn{K-lß
- ƒ ASn- lm-cm-[\ sNbvItbm sNøn-°tbm ]mSn®p-S-bv°p-tºm-tgm, lmlm-Imcw apg°n \ne-hn- √t√m? F∂m¬ Cu Bcym- h ¿Ø- Ø n¬
fn-t°-≠-Xmbn hcp-∂p.
]©-tZ-h-]qP F∂ {]tbmKw {]mNo-\-Imew
]{¥-≠m-aX
- v˛ ]qPm-cn-Iƒ ]c-kv{Xo-kw-Khpw apX¬ ]c- º - c bm tI´p- h - c p- ∂ p. inh≥,
]qPm-cn-Wn-Iƒ ]c-]p-cp-j-kwKhpw sNbvXv hnjvWp, Aw_n-I, KW-]-Xn, kqcy≥ F∂n{]mtbW Zpjn-®-hc-- mbn kv{Xo ]pcpj t{]a- h-cpsS hn{K-l-ap-≠m°n ]qPn-°p-I-sb∂
Øns‚ B\µw kzbw \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.
]©m-b-X-\-]qP At√ CXv?
]Xn-aq-∂m-a-Xv˛ bP-am-\-˛-`r-Xy-∑m¿ XΩn¬
DØcw:-˛ Hcp Xc-Øn-ep-ap≈ hn{K-lm-cm-[\
B⁄m-\n¿h-lWw th≠-hn[w \S-Øm-bvI- sNbvXp-Iq-Sm. F∂m¬ hn{K-l-Xpeyw aq¿Ønbm¬ ]c-kv]cw hntcm-[n®v A[x-]-Xn®p \in- am-∑m-cm-b, C\n ]d-bp-∂-hcpsS ]qP AYhm
°p∂p.
kXvImcw sNø-Ww. ]©-tZ-h]qP As√-¶n¬
]Xn-\m-em-a-Xv˛ PU-h-kvXp-hns\ [ym\n-°p- ]©m-b-X-\-]qP hfsc \√ A¿Y-ap-ff ]Z-am∂h≥ PU-_p-≤n-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ Wv . F∂m¬ hnZym- l o- \ - c mb aqV- ∑ m¿
t[yb-Ønse PU-Xz-[¿aw \n›-ba
- mbpw A¥x- AXns‚ \√ A¿YsØ XyPn®v \nIr-jvS-amb
A¿YsØ kzoI-cn-®p. C°m-eØv inhm-Zn-]I-c-W-ØneqsS Bflm-hn¬ h∂p tNcp-∂p.
]Xn\-©m-aXv ˛ kpK-‘-]q-cn-X-amb ]pjv]- ©-tZ-h-∑m-cpsS hn{K-l-]q-P-bmbn amdn-bn-cnßfpw a‰p ]Zm¿∞-ßfpw Cuiz-c≥ krjvSn- °p∂ AXns‚ JWvU\w Ct∏mƒ sNbvXtX
®n-´p-≈-Xv. hmbp, Pew, apX-em-b-hbnse Zp¿K- D≈q. F∂m¬ thtZm-‡hpw thZm-\p-Iq-tem‘sØ \nhm-cWw sNøp-∂-Xn\pw Btcm-Ky- ‡-hp-amb bYm¿Y ]©m-b-X\ tZh-]q-Pbpw
h¿≤-\-hn\pw th≠n-bm-Wv. B ]pjv]-ß-fpsS hn{K-l-]q-Pbpw F¥m-sW∂p tIƒ°pI:-˛
1. amt\m h[ox ]nXcw tamX amX-cav (bkuc`yw F{X-\mƒ BIm-i-Øn¬ hym]n®v
hmbp, Pew apX-em-b-hsb ip≤o-I-cn-°p-am-bncp- s ∂∂pw ]q¿W- k p- K ‘w ]c- Ø p- a m- b n- c p89. b÷p 16-˛15
90 CXn¬ c≠p a{¥-`m-K-ßƒ AS-ßp-∂p.
s∂∂pw Adn-hn-√m-sX, ]qPm-cn-Iƒ Ah CdpBNmcy D]-\-b-amt\m F∂Xv AYhm 11. 5.3
Øp-]-dn®v CS-bv°p-Xs∂ \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.
{_“-Nm-cnW an—tX F∂Xv 11.5.17. t]Pv 411 epw
]qjv]m-Zn-Iƒ sNfn-bn¬ tN¿∂-fn™v Zp¿KCu D≤-c-W-ap-≠v.
‘-Im-c-W-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. ]pjv]m-Zn-kp-K-‘-bp91. AXn-YncvKr-lm-\m-Kt- —Xv (15.13.11)
92. EtKzZw 8.69. 8.
‡-h-kvXp-°sf Cuiz-c≥ krjvSn-®Xv I√n¬
93. ssXØn-co-tbm-]-\n-j-Xvh√n 1. A\p-hmIw 1.
Nm¿Øm-\mtWm?
94 iX-]Yw {]]m-T-I-{I-a-Øn¬ 14 5.7.10.
]Xn-\m-dm-aXv ˛ I√n¬ Nm¿Ønb ]pjv]hpw
A[ym-b-{I-a-Øn¬ 14.6.9.10.
Nµ-\hpw A£-Xhpw a‰pw Pew, aÆv F∂n-h242
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Ppx) 89
2. BNmcy D]-\-b-amt\m {_“-Nm-cn-W-an—tX 90
3. AXn-Yncv Krlm-\p] Kt—-Xv 91 (A-Y¿hw)
4. AcvNX {]m¿NX {]nb-ta-[mtkm AcvNX 92 (E-tKz-Zw)
5. Xztah {]Xy£w {_“mkn Xzmtah
{]Xy£w {_“-hZ- n-jym-an. (ssX-Øn-cob D]\n-j-Øv) 93
6. IXa GtIm- t Zh CXn k {_“
XzZnXymN£-tX 94
7. amXr- t Zm- t hm- ` h ]nXr- t Zmthm `h
BNmcy tZthm `h AXn-Yn¿tZthm `hx
(ssX-Øn-cotbm]\n)jXv 95
8. ]nXr-`ncv{`m-Xr-`n-ss›Xmx ]Xn-`ncvtZ-hssc-kvXYm ]qPym `qj-bn-X-hym› _lp-Ieym-W-an-]vkp`nx 96
9. ]qtPym ln tZh-hXv ]Xnx (a-\p-kvarXn) 97
1. aq¿Øn-a-Xnbpw ]qP-\o-b-bp-amb tZhX
AΩ-bm-Wv. k¥m-\-ßƒ ico-c, a\, [\-ßfm¬ tkh\w sNbvXv AΩsb k¥p-jvS-bm°-Ww. lnwk AYhm ]oU\w Hcn-°epw
sNø-cp-Xv.
2. kXvIm-c-tbm-Ky-\mb c≠m-asØ tZh≥
A—-\mWv. A—-t\bpw AΩ-tb-t∏mse ip{iqjn-°-Ww.
3. aq∂m-aXv hnZy \¬Ip∂ BNm-cy-\m-Wv.
At±-l-tØbpw ico-c-˛-a-\-˛-[-\-ß-fm¬ tkhn°-Ww.
4. \mem- a sØ tZh≥ AXn- Y n- b mWv
hnZzm\pw [m¿an-I\pw \njvI-]-S-\pw, F√m-hcp-tSbpw D∂Xn B{K-ln-°p-∂-bmfpw F√m-bnSØpw k©-cn®v ktXym-]-tZiw sNbvXv BfpIƒ°v kuJyw \evIp-∂-bm-fp-amb AXn-Ynsb
kXvIm-c-]q¿hw tkhn-°-Ww.
5. kv{Xobv°v kz`¿Ømhpw ]pcp-j\p kz`m95. ssXØn-co-tbm-]-\n-jØv h√n1-˛-A-\p-˛11.
96 a\p-kvarXn 3/55
97. a\p-kvarXn 5/144 ¬ D]-Ncyx kv{Xnbm
km[vhym-k-XXw tZh-hXv ]Xnx F∂p≠v
cybpw ]qPy-cm-Wv. Cu A©v aq¿Øn-am-∑m-cmb
tZh-If
- p-sSbpw kwK-Øm¬ a\p-jy-tZ-lØ
- ns‚
DXv ] - Ø n, ]me\w kXy- i n- £ - W w, hnZy,
ktXym-]-tZiw F∂nh {]m]vX-am-Ip-∂p. ChbmWv Cuiz-c-{]m-]vXn-°p≈ tkm]m-\-ßƒ.
Chsc ip{iq-jn-°msX inem-Zn-hn-{K-l-ßsf
]qPn-°p-∂-h¿ henb thZ-hn-tcm-[n-I-fm-Wv.
tNmZyw:-˛ amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m-scbpw a‰pw
tkhn-°p-∂-Xn-t\m-sSm∏w hn{K-lm-cm-[-\bpw
sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v tZmj-sam∂pw C√-t√m.
DØcw:- ˛ inem- Z n- h n- { K- l - ß - f psS ]qP
k¿hYm XyPn-°bpw AΩ-tb-t∏m-ep≈ aq¿Øcq-]-ßsf ip{iq-jn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn-emWv
F√m-hn[ awK-fhpw Df-f-Xv. km£m¬ amXmhv
apX- e mb {]Xy£ kpJ- Z m- b I tZh- I sf
shSn™v tZh-I-f-√mØ inem-Zn-hn-{K-l-ß-fpsS
apºn¬ Xe-X-√p-∂Xv henb A\¿Y Imc-Wam-Wv.
amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cpsS apºn¬ ss\th-Zytam
D]-lm-c-ßtfm ka¿∏n-®m¬ Ah-cXv kzoI-cn°p-Ibpw `£n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. At∏mƒ XßfpsS hb-‰n∏n-g∏p ap´pw AXn-\m¬ inem-hn-{Kl-ßƒ D≠m°n AXn-\p-ap-ºn¬ ss\thZyw
Fgp-s∂-≈n-®v, aWn-b-Sn-®v, C≠n≠w sImńbpw
]qºvZw hnfn®pw iwJv DuXnbpw tImem-l-eap-≠m°n ssI{In-b-Im-ńbpw \o X≈-hn-c¬
{Kln-°, t`mP-\-]-Zm¿Y-ß-fm-Is´ Rm\pw
{Kln°mw. (Xz-a-MvKpjvTw Krlm-W, t`mP\w
]Zm¿Yw hm lw {Klobm-an) F∂n-ßs\ Hcph≥ as‰m-cp-hs\ h©nt®m Im]-Sy-Øntem
Ahs‚ apºn¬ \n∂v F√mw FSp-Øp-sIm-≠pt]m-bn. A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse A]-l-c-WamWv Cu ]qPm- c n- I ƒ AYhm ]qP F∂
kXvI¿a-Øns‚ i{Xp-°ƒ 98 sNøp-∂-Xv. Cu
aqV-∑m¿ BUw-_-c-]q¿∆w inem-hn-{K-l-ßsf
hfsc `wKn-bmbn tamSn-]n-Sn-∏n-®v, kzbw sIm≈°m-sc-t∏mse thjw amdn ]mh-s∏´ _p≤nlo-\-cmb A\m-Y-cpsS sNe-hn¬ [q¿Ø-Sn®v
kpJn-°p-∂p. [m¿an-I-\mb GsX-¶nepw cmPmhp-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Cu inem-{]n-b-∑msc I√pS-bv°m-t\m, sImØm-t\m, hoSp sI´mt\m hn´v
DÆm\pw DSp-°m\pw sImSpØv Ime-t£]w
Ign-∏n-t®-s\.
98. ]qPm + Acn = ]qPm-cn. Acn = i{Xp
243
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
tNmZyw:-˛ kv{XoI-fp-tSbpw a‰pw {]Xna
ImWp- t ºmƒ Imtam- X v ] - Ø n- b p- ≠ mhpw
t]mse hoX- c m- K \pw im¥- N n- Ø - \ p- a mb
{]Xna ImWpt-tºmƒ hnc-‡nbpw im¥nbpw
D≠m-hp-I-bnt√?
DØcw:-˛ D≠m-hm≥ Xc-an-√. B hn{K-lØns‚ PUXz [¿aw Bflm-hn¬ hcn-I-bm¬
hnth-N\m i‡n Ipd-bpw, hnth-I-an-√msX hnc‡n- t bm, hnc- ‡ n- b n- √ msX hn⁄m- \ - t am,
hn⁄m-\-an-√msX im¥ntbm D≠m-hp-I-bn-√.
Ipd- ® p- h - √ Xpw D≠m- I p- ∂ p- s h- ¶ n¬ AXv
kwk¿Kw, D]-tZ-i-{i-h-Ww, CXn-lm-km-Zn-IfpsS ]T\w F∂n-h-bn¬ \n∂v D≠m-Ip-∂-XmWv . KpW- t Zm- j - ß - t f- h - s b- ∂ - d n- b m- Ø - h s‚
{]Xna ImWp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v {]oXn-bp-≠m-hp-I-bn√, {]oXn-bpsS ImcWw KpW-tZm-j-⁄m-\-amWv.
C{]- I m- c - a p≈ hn{K- l m- c m- [ \ apX- e mb
NoØ-Im-c-W-ß-fm¬ am{X-amWv Bcy-h¿ØØn¬ sIm≈-cp-XmØ ]qPm-cn-Iƒ `n£p-°ƒ,
apX-emb Ae-kcpw ]pcp-jm¿∞ cln-X-cp-amb
tImSn-°-W-°n\p a\p-jy-cp-≠m-b-Xv. temIsaßpw Ch¿ aqVX ]c-Øn, Ifhpw NXnhpw
hfsc hym]n-®p.
tNmZyw:-˛ Imin-bn¬ h®v Adw-K-ko_v
N{I-h¿Ønsb emS-ss`-ch
- ∑
- m¿ henb A¤pX-ßƒ ImWn-®-Xm-Wv. apk¬am-∑m¿ Ahsc
XI¿°p-hm≥ sN∂-t∏mƒ, Ah-cpsS t\¿°v
]oc-¶n-bp≠ h¿jn-®p. At∏mƒ henb h≠pIƒ ]d∂p h∂v ssk\ysØ IpØn-Øp-cØn.
DØcw:-˛ CXv I√ns‚ A¤p-X-{]-I-S-\-a-√.
AhnsS h≠n≥IqSv D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-cn-°mw. Ah
kz`m-th\ {Iqc-cm-Wv. Ahsb Bsc-¶nepw Cf°n-hn-´m¬ IpØm≥ hcpw. £oc-[m-c-bpsS
A¤pXw ]qPm-cn-bpsS Xam-i-bm-Wv.
tNmZyw:-˛ t\m°q! tæ—¿°v Z¿i\w \evImXn-cn-°p-hm≥ th≠n alm-tZ-h≥ Hcp InW‰nepw thWo- a m- [ ≥ Hcp {_m“W KrlØnepw sN∂v Hfn-®n-cp-∂p. CXpw A¤p-Xat√?
DØcw:-˛ sIm≈mw. Ime-ss`-ch
- \pw emS-ss`c-h\pw a‰p `qX-t{]-X-ßfpw Kcp-U-K-Whpw
Imh¬°m- c m- b n- c ns° apk¬am- ∑ msc
FXn¿Øv HmSn- ° m- Ø - s X¥v ? alm- t Z- h ≥
hnjvWp F∂n-h-cpsS ]pcm-W-ß-fn¬ {Xn]p-cmkp-c-t\-t∏m-ep≈ `b¶c ZpjvS-∑msc `kva-am°n- ° - f - s ™∂p IY- b p- ≈ - t ∏mƒ apk¬am∑msc F¥p-sIm≠v `kva-am-°n-bn√? ]mhw
I√n\v bp≤w sNømt\m sNøn-°mt\m Ignbp-I-bn-s√∂v CXn¬\n∂p kn≤n-°p-∂p. ap…oßƒ t£{X-ßfpw hn{K-l-ßfpw XI¿Øp-S®v
]m™p-I-bdn Iminbv°p kao]w h∂-t∏mƒ
]qPm- c n- I ƒ I¬enw- K - s a- S pØv InW- ‰ n- e n´v
thWo-am-[-hs\ {_m“-W-Kr-l-Øn¬ Hfn-∏n-®Xm-Wv. Ime-ss`-c-hs\ `b-s∏´v ba-Zq-X¿ Iminbn¬ Ib-dp-I-bn-s√∂pw {]f-b-Øn¬ t]mepw
Iminsb \in-∏n-°m-\-\p-h-Zn-°-bn-s√∂pw ]dbp-∂Xv t\cm-sW-¶n¬ tæ—-`-S-∑msc `b-s∏-SpØm-™-sX-¥mWv? Xß-fpsS bP-am-\-∑m-cpsS
t£{X- ß sf kwc- £ n- ° m- X n- c p- ∂ - s X¥v ?
CsX√mw t]m∏p-am-b-I-fm-Wv.
Kbm-{im≤w
tNmZyw:-˛ Kb-bn¬ {im≤w sNbvXm¬ ]nXr°ƒ ]m]-ap-‡-cm-bn, Ahn-SpsØ {im≤Øns‚ ]pWy- { ]- ` m- h - Ø m¬ kz¿K- Ø n¬
t]mIp-sa-∂-Xpw, ]n-Xr-°ƒ ssI\oń _en]nWvUw kzoI-cn-°p-sa-∂Xpw icn-bm-Wv.
CXpw I≈-amtWm?
DØcw:-˛ Xo¿Øpw I≈w. AhnsS ]nWvUw
hbv°p-∂-Xn¬ C{Xbpw al-Xz-ap-s≠-¶n¬,
]WvU 99-Iƒ°v ]nXr-ku-Jy-Øn\p th≠n
\¬Ip∂ e£-°-W-°n\p cq] Ah¿ Kb-bn¬
thiym-K-a-\-Øn\pw a‰pw Nne-h-gn-°p-∂-Xn¬
hcp-∂ ]m]w F¥p-sIm≠v Xocp∂n√? Ct∏mƒ
Ahn-sS-bmcpw ssI\o-´m-dn-√. ]WvU-I-f-√m-sX.
GtXm kq{X-imen `qan Ipgn®v Kpl-bp-≠m°n
AXn¬ Hcp-hs\ Ccp-Øn-bn-cn-°mw. Ipgn-bn¬
Z¿`-hn-cn®v ]nWvUw h®Xv Abmƒ ssI\oń
FSp-Øn-cn-°mw. A⁄m-\n-bmb [\-hms\
Cß-s\-sIm-≈-b-Sn-s®-¶n¬ AXn-e-¤p-X-an-√.
AXp- t ]mse sshP- \ m- Y s\ cmh- W ≥
sIm≠ph-s∂∂ IYbpw I≈-am-Wv.
tNmZyw:-˛ t\m°q! Iev°-Øbn¬ Imfn,
Iam£n apX-emb tZhn-Isf e£-°-W-°n-
244
99. ]WvU ˛ ]qPm-cn. ]WvUn‰v F∂-Xns‚
Npcp-°-am-Wn-Xv. {_m“-Ws\ hnfn-°p∂
t]cmWv ]WvUn-‰v.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
\m-fp-Iƒ ]qPn-°p-∂p. CXv henb aln-abt√?
DØcw:-˛ H∂p-an-√. Cu A‘-∑-m¿ Bń≥]‰- t Ø- t ∏mse H∂n- \ p- ] ntº Hs∂- ∂ - h Æw
t]mIp-∂-tX-bp-≈q. InW-‰n¬ hoWmepw hIh-bv°p-I-bn-√. AXp-t]mse Hcp A⁄m-\nbpsS ]ntº t]mIp∂ a‰p-≈-hcpw hn{K-lm-cm[-\-bm-Ip∂ K¿Ø-Øn¬s]´v hf-sc-°mew
ZpxJw A\p-`-hn-°p-∂p.
tNmZyw:- ˛ t]mI- s ´. AsX- ¥ p- a m- I - s ´.
F∂m¬ PK-∂m-YØv {]Xy£-amb aln-a-Iƒ
]e-Xp-ap-≠-t√m. Hcp {]Xn-jvT-am‰n {]Xn-jvTn°p-tºmƒ, Nµ-\-ØSn IS-hn¬ kap-{Z-Øn¬
\n∂v X\ntb h∂-Sn-bpw. ASp-∏Øv H∂n-\p-apI-fn¬ H∂mbn Ggp A≠m-hp-Iƒ h®m¬
G‰hpw apI-fn¬ \n∂v Xmtg-°mWv ]mI-ambn
hcp-∂-Xv., PK-∂m-Y-Ønse {]kmZw `£n-°mØ- h ¿ Ipjv T - t cm- K n- I - f m- b n- Ø o- c p- ∂ p. cYw
X\ntb Dcp-fp-∂p. ]m]n-Iƒ°v Z¿i\w e`n°p-∂n-√. C{µ-Z-a-\-Øns‚ `c-W-Im-eØv tZhIƒ ]Wn-X-XmWv Cu t£{Xw. ]p\x{]Xn-jvT°m-eØv Hcp cmPmhpw Hcp ]WvUbpw Hcp
X\z\pw acn-°p-∂p. Cu al-Xz-ßs
- f√mw s]mfnbm-sW∂p ]d-bm≥ \nßƒ°m-hn-√.
DØcw:-˛ ]{¥≠p h¿jw PK-∂m-Y-Ønse
]qPm-cn-bm-bn-cp∂ Hcmƒ hnc-‡-\mbn aYp-cbn¬ h∂n-cp-∂p. 100 At±-lsØ I≠v C°mcy-ß-sf-∏‰n tNmZn-®p. F√mw I≈-am-sW-∂t±lw ]d-™p. Nn¥n-®m¬ \n¿W-bn-°m-hp∂-Xn-{]-Im-c-am-Wv. ]p\x-{]-Xn-jvT-\-S-°p-tºmƒ
Bsc-¶nepw Hcp Nµ-\-ØSn h≈-Øn¬ Ib‰n
kap-{Z-Øn¬ sIm≠n-Spw. Xnc-b-Sn®v AXv Icbv°-Snbpw. AsX-SpØv Bim-cn-am¿ hn{K-l-ap≠m-°pw. AXp-t]mse XnS-∏≈
- n-bn¬ a‰m¿°pw
{]th-i-\-an-√, hmXn¬ AS-®n-ń-cn-°pw. `qan-bn¬
\mep Np‰pw Bd-Sp-∏pIfpw a[y-Øn¬ N{Im-IrXn-bn¬ Hc-Sp∏pw D≠m-°pw. A≠m-hp-I-fp-sS 101
ASn-bn¬ s\øpw aÆpw Nmchpw Ipg®p ]pcń
Bdp ASp-∏p-I-fn¬ tNmdp-≠m-°pw. Ah-bpsS
]pdw IgpIn \Sps° A≠m-hn¬ At∏mƒ Acn100. al¿jn AhnsS ]Tn-°p∂ ImesØ
kw`-h-am-bn-cn-°Ww
101. A≠mhv henb Ncp-h-Øn\v a[y-tI-c-f-Øn¬
]d-bp∂ t]cv. lWvUm F∂v aqe-]-Zw.
bn-Spw. AXn\p apI-fn¬ Bdv A≠m-hp-Iƒ
hbv°pw. Bdv ASp-∏p-I-fpsSbpw apJw Ccp-ºp]m-fn-sIm≠v aqSpw. F∂n´v sXmgm≥ h√ [\mVy\pw h∂n-´p-s≠-¶n¬ hnfn®p ImWn-°pw.
apI-fn-esØ A≠m-hp-If
- n¬ \n∂v tNmdpw ASnbn-esØ A≠m-hn¬ \n∂v Acnbpw FSpØp
ImWn-®n´p ]dbpw:-˛""A≠m-hn\v Fs¥-¶nepw
ImWn-°b
- nSq'' "Ipcp-S\
- mb ]pXp-aS- n-»o-e°
- m-c≥'
DSs\ ImWn° hbv°pw. Nne¿ {]Xn-amk hgn]mSpw G¿∏m-Sm-°pw.
iq{Z-hr-Øn-I-fmb Xmtg-°n-S-°m¿ t£{XØn¬ ss\thZyw sIm≠p-h-cpw. ss\thZyw
Ign- ™ Xpw AX- h ¿ F®n- e m- ° pw. ]n∂oSv
A≠m-hnse tNmdv hne-bvs°-Sp-°p-∂-h¿ AXp
hoń-se-Øn-°pw. Zo\cpw Zcn-{Zcpw km[p-˛-kw\ym-kn-amcpw Krl-ÿcpw iq{Zcpw A¥y-Pcpw
F√mw H∂n-®n-cp∂v ]¥n-t`m-P\w \SØn ]ckv]cw Blmcw \evIn-°-gn-°p-∂p. Hcp ]¥n
Fgp-t∂-‰m¬ ASp-Ø-Xn\v AtX Ce-I-fn¬
hnf-ºp-∂p. alm A\m-Nmcw Xs∂. hf-sc-t∏¿
Ahn-sS-s®-∂m¬ F®nep Xn∂msX kzbw
]mIw sNbvXv DÆp-∂p. B¿°pw IpjvTw hcmdn-√. PK-∂m-Y-]p-cn-bn¬Øs∂ {]kmZw Ign°mØ At\-I-cp-≠v. Ah¿°m¿°pw IpjvTtcm-Ktam at‰m hcp-∂n-√. Iq-SmsX PK-∂m-Y-]pcn-bn¬ \nc-h[n IpjvT-tcm-Kn-Ifp≠v. \nXyhpw
F®nep Xn∂n´pw Ah-cpsS tcmKw amdp-∂n-√.
Cu PK-∂m-Y-Øn¬ hma-am¿Kn-Iƒ Hcp ss`cho-N{Iw D≠m-°n-bn-´p-≠v. kp`{Z {ioIr-jvWt‚bpw _e-cm-a-s‚bpw ktlm-Z-cn-bm-W-t√m.
c≠p ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cp-sSbpw a[y-Øn¬ `mcy-bpsSbpw AΩbptSbpw ÿm\w \¬In Ccp-Ønbn-cn-°p-∂p. 102 ss`c-ho-N-{I-a-Øn-em-bn-cp-s∂¶n¬ Cßs\ hcn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. 103
c-Y-Øns‚ N{I-Øn¬ DtØm-eIw LSn-∏n®n-´p-≠v. AXp he-tØm´p Xncn-®m¬ cYw Dcp102. {]mNo\ `mc-Xob coXn-b-\p-k-cn®v b⁄
I
- m-cy-Øn-sem-gnsI `mcysb hma-`m-KØpw A√mØ
kv{XoIsf heØpw Ccp-Øp-I-bmWv ]Xn-hv.
Ccp-h-cp-sSbpw a[y-Øn¬ kp`-{Zsb
Ccp-Øn-b-t∏mƒ Hcm-fns‚ CSØpw at‰-bm-fns‚
heØpw Bbn-t∏m-bn. Aßs\ Hcm-fns‚ `mcy,
at‰-bm-fns‚ amXmhv F∂o ÿm\-ßƒ h∂p
tNcp-∂p.
103. PK-∂m-Y-Ønse t`mKm-fl-I-ß-fmb {]Xnam
inev]-ßƒ CXp ÿnc-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.
245
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
fpw. ctYm-’-h-a-[y-Øn-se-Øp-tºmƒ Xncn®p
Id-°pw. At∏mƒ cYw \n¬°pw. ]qPm-cn-Iƒ
hnfn-®p-Iqhpw:-˛ ""Zm\w sNøq. ]pWyw sNøq.
PK-∂m-Y≥ {]km-Zn®v cYw \S-Ø-s´. \ΩpsS
[¿Ωw hmgs´''. ImWn° Xocp-∂-Xp-hsc Cu
hnfn-®p-Iq-h¬ XpScpw. Xocm-dm-Ip-tºmƒ Hcp
{hP-hmkn \√ hkv{X-ß-f-Wn™v s]m∂mS
]pX®v ssIIq-∏n-\n∂v {]m¿∞n-°pw:-˛ ""A√tbm
PK-∂m-Y-kzmao! Ahn-Sp∂p Zb-hmbn cYw \SØn-®m-epw. Rß-fpsS [¿asØ c£n-°tW!''
Cßs\ {]m¿Yn®v kmjvSmwKw \a-kvI-cn-®n´v
cY-Øn-te-dp-∂p. At∏mƒ DtØm-eIw hetØm´p Xncn-°pw. Pb-Pb i_vZw apg°n Bbnc-°-W-°n-\m-fp-Iƒ Ib-dp-h-en-°p-tºmƒ cYw
Dcp-fp-∂p.
hf-sc-b[
- nIw Bfp-Iƒ sXmgm≥ hcp∂ Cu
henb t£{X- Ø n¬ k¿h{X Ccp- ´ m- W v .
]I¬t]mepw hnf-°p-I-Øn-®mte ImgvN-In-´q.
hn{K-lØ
- n\v Ccp-hi
- Ø
- p-\n∂pw hen-®n-Sm-hp∂
ad-ioe ]nSn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. ]WvU-Ifpw ]qPm-cnIfpw AI-Øp-\n¬°pw. Hcp hiØp \nev°p∂
]WvU Nc-Sp-h-en-°p-tºmƒ ad-ioe hen-bpw.
hn{Klw A{]-Xy-£a
- m-Ipw. DSt\ Ah¿ hnfn®p
]d-bpw:-˛""ImWn-°-bn-Sq. \nß-fpsS ]m]-sam-gnbpw. At∏mƒ Z¿i\w In´pw. thK-am-Is´''
]mh-s∏´ ip≤m-flm-°sf Cu kq{X-im-en-Iƒ
sIm≈-b-Sn-°pw. At∏mƒ ho≠pw NcSp hen°pw. ad-ioe amdpw. hn{Klw ImWm-dm-Ipw. PbPb ]d™v Ccp-´S- n-tb‰v Xnc-kvIr-Xc
- mb Ah¿
t]mIp-Ibpw sNøpw.
C{µ-Z-a-\s‚ hwi-°m¿ Ct∏mgpw I¬°-Øbn-ep-≠v. tZhyp-]m-kI
- \pw [\m-Vy-\p-amb cmPmhm-bn-cp∂ At±lw e£-°W
- °
- n\p cq] sNeh-gn®v t£{Xw ]Wn-bn-®p. Bcym-h¿Ø-Ønse
P\-ßƒ°v ]Wn sNbvXm¬ `£-W-sa-¶nepw
In´-s´-sb∂p Icp-Xn-bmWv CXp sNbvX-Xv.
]t£ aqV-∑m-cpt≠m hnSp-∂p. tZh-∑m¿ F∂p
]d-bp-∂Xv t£{Xw ]WnX inev]n-Iƒ Xs∂bm-Wv. cmPmhpw ]qPm-cnbpw X®\pw At∏mƒ
acn-°p-∂n-√., Ah-cm-W-hn-SpsØ {][m-\n-Iƒ.
Ah- c psS A\p- h m- Z - t Øm- S p- I qSn ]p\x- { ]XnjvTmka-bØv lmP-cp-ff sNdn-bh
- ¿°v ZpxJw
\evIn-°m-Wpw. Ah-sc√mw X’-abw lmP-cmbn-cn-°pw. hn{K-l-Øn-\Iw s]m≈-bm-bn-´mWv
]Wn-bp-∂Xv. AXn-\p-≈n¬ Hcp kz¿W-s®-∏n¬
kmf-{Kmaw hbv°p-∂p. AXp IgpIn Znh-khpw
Nc- W m- a rXw D≠m- ° p- ∂ p. Xte∂p cm{Xn
AXn¬ hnjw ]pcń h®p-Im-Wpw. ]nt‰∂v
AXp Igp-In-s°m-Sp-Øt- ∏mƒ Ah¿ aqhcpw acn®n-cn-°mw. Cß-s\-bmWv NØ-sX-¶nepw hb‰p-∏n-g∏
- p-Im-cmb ]WvUI
- ƒ. PK-∂m-Y≥ icocw
am‰nb Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Chsc aqh-scbpw IqsSs°m-≠p-t]mbn F∂p ]d-™p-]c
- Ø
- n. A\ys‚
[\w ssI°-em-°m≥ Cßs\ ]eXpw sNbvXp
hbv°mdp-≠v.
cmta-iz-c-Ønse enMvK-a-lXzw
tNmZyw:-˛ cmta-iz-c-Øn¬ KwtKm-{Xn-bnse
Pew sIm≠v A`n-tjIw sNøp-tºmƒ inhenwKw hep-Xm-Ip-∂p-≠v. CXpw I≈tam?
DØcw:-˛ I≈w. B t£{X-Ønepw ]I¬
Ccp-´m-Wv. cm]-I¬ hnf°p thWw. Pe-[mc
Hgp-°p-tºmƒ Pe-Øn¬ hnf-°ns‚ Pzme {]Xn_nw-_n-°pw. A√m-sXm-∂p-an-√. I√v Npcp-ßpItbm hf-cp-Itbm C√. F{Xtbm A{X-X-s∂bm-bn-cn-°pw. CsX√mw Imń-°qń ]mh-ßsf
sIm≈-b-Sn-°p∂p!
tNmZyw:-˛ cmta-izcw {iocm-a≥ {]Xn-jvTn®-Xm-Wv. hn{K-lm-cm-[\ thZ-hn-cp-≤-am-sW¶n¬ {iocm- a ≥ Fßs\ hn{Klw {]XnjvTn°pw? hmevaoIn AsX-ßs\ cmam-b-WØn-se-gpXpw?
DØcw:-˛ {iocm-as‚ ImeØv B t£{Xtam
enMv K tam D≠m- b n- c p- ∂ - t X- b n- √ . F∂m¬
Zm£n-Wm-Xy-\mb cma≥ F∂ cmPmhv B Aºe-ap-≠m°n cmta-izcw F∂p t]cn-´Xp t\cmWv. {iocm-a≥ koX-tbm-sSm-∏w, l\p-am-s‚bpw
a‰pw IqsS e¶-bn¬ \n∂p ]pd-s∏´v BIm-iam¿tKW hnam-\-Øn¬ Atbm-[y-bn-te°p
t]m∂-t∏mƒ {iocm-a≥ koX-tbmSv ]d™p:-˛
A{X ]qcvh alm-tZhmx {]km-Za
- I
- t- cm-Zzn`px
tkXp _‘ CXn-hn-Jym-Xav (hm-evaoIn cm.
e¶m. Im.) 104
""kotX \ns‚ hntbm-K-Øm¬ hymIp-e-cmb
Rßƒ ChnsS Xnc-bth ChnsS NmXp¿am-kya-\p-jvTn-®p. Cuiz-tcm-]m-k-\bpw [ym\hpw
sNbvXp. k¿h{X hn`p-hmb tZh-tZ-h≥ alm-
246
104. k¿Kw 123. t«mIw 22. AhnsS tkXp-_‘
CXn-Jym-X-sa∂p ]mTw.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
tZ-h≥, ]c-am-flmhv Ir]-sN-bvI-bm¬ F√m
kma-{Kn-Ifpw Chn-sS-\n∂p e`n-®p. t\m°q!
AXp-\n-an-Ø-amWv tkXp-_-‘\w sNbvXv e¶bn¬ h∂v cmh-W-s\-s°m∂v \ns∂-sIm-≠p-h∂-Xv. CXn-∂-∏pdw hmevaoIn as‰m∂pw Fgp-Xnbn-ń-√.
Imen-bm-Im¥\pw UtIm¿Pnbpw
tNmZyw:-˛ Imen-bmIm-¥≥ ]In-´p-t≈m≥
k¥nt\ lp°m hen-∏n-t®m≥. 105 Z£n-WtZ-iØv Imeo-bm-Im¥-s\-s∂mcp aq¿Øn-bp≠v. CXv C∂pw lp°m 106 hen-°p-∂p. hn{Klm-cm-[\ I≈-am-sW-¶n¬ Cu amlmflyw
I≈-am-Wt√m?
DØcw:-˛I≈w I≈w CsX√mw t]m∏p-eoe-bm-Wv. Cu hn{K-l-Øns‚ hmbv s]m≈-bmbn- c n- ° - W w. ]n≥h- i - Ø p- I qSn `nØnhgn
ASpØ sIń-S-Øn-te°p Cu Zzmcw t]mIp∂p-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. lp°m \nd®v hn{K-l-Øns‚
hmbp-ambn LSn-∏n®v ]qPmcn Cd-ßn-t∏m-Ipw.
]pd-In-esØ sIń-S-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂-bmƒ AhnSn-cp∂v Ipg-en¬°qSn hen-°p-tºmƒ lp°-bn¬
Kpfp-Kpfp i_vZw tIƒ°pw. hn{K-l-Øns‚
aq°n¬°q-Snbpw Zzmcw ImWpw. ]n∂n¬\n∂pw
DuXn-s°m-Sp-°p-tºmƒ hmbnepw aq°nepw IqSn
]pI hcp-∂-Xmhmw. At\Iw aqV-∑m-tcmSv
]Ww ]nSpßn Ahsc Zcn-{Z-cm-°p-hm≥ CØcw
]Wn-Iƒ aXn.
tNmZyw:-˛ t\m°q. Zzmc-I-bnse UtIm¿Pn
107
- bpsS hn{Klw Hcp `‡s‚ IqsSt]mbn.
Im¬]-Wa
- nS kz¿Ww At\Iw a∂v `mc-ap≈
105. cMvKv ssl- Im-en-bm-Im-¥v tIm -Pnkvt\ lp°m
]nem-b-k-¥v tIm.
106. \mep-`m-K-ß-fp≈ D]-I-c-W-amWv lp°. G‰hpw
ASn-bn¬ sh≈w \nd® ]nØ-ftbm atÆm
sIm≠p≈ ]m{Xw. AXns‚ apIƒ`m-K-Øp-\n∂v
]pI-h-en-°m-\p≈ \o≠ Ipg¬, B ]m{X-Øn-\-Sn
-h-iw-hsc \o≠p \n¬°p∂ ]pI-°p-g¬.
]pI°p-g-ens‚ apI-fn¬ Nnew F∂p-]-d-bp∂
]pI-bnse s\cn-t∏m-Sv. s\cn-t∏m-Sn¬ ]pI-bn-e-bn´v
Icn-°-\¬ \nd-bv°p-∂p. ]pI-h-en-°m-\p≈ \o≠
Ipg-en-eqsS hen-°p-tºmƒ sh≈-ØneqsS ]pIh∂v Ipg-en-eqsS hen-°m-cs‚ hmbn-se-Øp-∂p.
Cßs\ hen-°p-tºmƒ Kpfp Kpfp i_vZw
]pd-s∏-Spw. lp°-Iƒ ]e-X-c-ap-≠v.
107. Ut°m¿ F∂Xv T°cx (hn-jvWp) F∂
kwkvIr-X-i-_vZ-Øns‚ A]-{`w-i-am-Wv. Tm°q¿,
SmKq¿, SmtKm¿ apX-em-b-h-bpw.
hn{K-lØ
- n\p ka-ambn Xqßn. Chbpw amlmfly-ß-f-s√-∂pt≠m?
DØcw:-˛ A√. `‡≥ hn{Klw I´p-sIm-≠pt]m-bn-cn-°mw. Im¬]-W-anS kz¿Ww hn{K-lØn\p ka-am-sb-∂Xv GtXm I©m-hp-I-S-bn¬
hºp ]d-™-Xm-Imw.
tkma\mY-t£-{Xhpw Kkv\nbpw
tNmZyw:-˛ tkma-\m-Y-hn-{Klw \new-sXm-SmsX-bmWv \n∂n-cp-∂-Xv. CsXmcp alm-¤pXw
Xs∂- b m- b n- c p- ∂ p. AtXm CXpw anYybmtWm?
DØcw:-˛ anYy-X-s∂. t£{X-Øn¬ Iogvta¬
Im¥- ° - √ p- I ƒ ]nSn- ∏ n- ® n- c p- ∂ p. AXns‚
BI¿j-W-Øn¬ hn{Klw B[m-c-an-√msX
\n∂-Xm-Wv. al-ΩZv Kkv\n h∂v bp≤w sNbvXt∏mƒ Cu t£{X-ß-sf√mw XI¿Øp F∂
A¤p- X - a p- ≠m- bn. ]qPm- cn- I fpw `‡- ∑ mcpw
IjvSm-h-ÿ-bn-em-bn. e£-°-W-°n\p `S-∑m¿
]Xn-\m-bncw `S-∑m-tcmSv tXmt‰m-Sn. At∏mƒ
t]m∏-∑mcpw ]qPm-cn-Ifpw alm-tZh! Cu tæ—∑msc sIm∂v Rßsf c£n-®mepw F∂-t]£n®v ]qP-bpw, ap´p-]m-Sp-In-S°
- e
- pw, kvXpXn-bpw,
{]m¿Y-\bpw \S-Øp-Ib
- m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂n´v kzinjy-∑m-cmb cmPm-°-∑m-tcmSv ""Ahn-Sp∂p hnjan-t°-≠. alm-tZ-h≥ ss`c-h-t\tbm hoc-`-{Zs\tbm Ab-bv°pw. Ah¿ tæ—-∑msc sIm√pItbm
A‘- c m- ° p- I tbm
sNøpw.
Ct∏mƒØs∂ \ΩpsS tZh-∑m¿ {]Xy£-cmIpw. F∂p-am-{X-a√ Rß-sf√m Imcy-ßfpw
Gs‰∂v l\p-am-\pw, Zp¿Kbpw ss`c-h\pw kz]v\Øn¬ Acp-fn-bn-´p-≠v. F∂p ]d™v km¥z-\s∏- S p- Øn. B ip- ≤- ∑ m- c mb cmPm- ° - ∑ mcpw
£{Xn-bcpw t]m∏-∑m-cpsS ]nØ-em-´Ø
- n¬s∏´v
tI´Xv hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂p.
F{X- s b- ¶ nepw tPymXn- j n- I ƒ Ct∏mƒ
B{I-an-°m≥ ]‰nb aplq¿Ø-a√ F∂p ]dbpw. AjvS-a-Øn¬ N{µ-\p≠v Fs∂m-cp-Ø≥
247
108. tæ— kw⁄bv°v apk¬am-∑m¿ F∂¿Y-an-√.
Ahy-‡-ambn ]d-bp-∂-h¿ F∂m-W¿Yw.
(tæ— Ahyt‡ i_vtZ). IqSmsX tKmamwk
`£tIm bkvXp temI-_m-ly-©-`m-j-tX,
k¿hm-Nmc hnlo-t\mku tæ— CXy-`n-[o-b-tX.
tKmamwk `£-I-cpw, hntZ-i-`mj kwkm-cn-°p-∂hcpw BNm-c-lo-\-cp-am-b-h-cmWv tæ—¿.
(Aacw ]mc-ta-iz-cn, ImWvUw2. iq{Z-h¿Kw 20)
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
]d-bp-tºmƒ tbmKn\n apºn-ep-s≠-∂mIpw
c≠m-a≥. Cßs\ ]e-Xcw NXn-I-fn-e-I-s∏´v
cmPm-°∑
- m¿ ]S-sbm-cp-°m-Xn-cp-∂p. tæ—-∑m¿ 108
h∂p hf- ™ - t ∏mƒ \nev ° - ° - ≈ n- b n- √ msX
F√m-hcpw HmSn. F{X-sb-¶nepw t]m∏-∑m-scbpw
]qPm-cn-Is
- fbpw injy-∑m-scbpw ]nSn-IqSn ]qPmcn-Iƒ XmWp-hoWv At]-£n-®p. aq∂p-tImSn
cq]m Xcmw. Aº-ehpw hn{K-lhpw XI¿°mXn- c p- ∂ m¬ aXn. At∏mƒ apk¬am- ∑ m¿
]d™p:˛ Rßƒ _pXv]c
- k
- vXc
- √
- . 109 _pXvinI-∑m-cm-Wv. AXm-bXv hn{K-l-kw-c-£-I-c-√.
hn{Kl `RvP-I-cm-Wv. Ah¿ Aºew XI¿Øp
If-™p. ta¬°qc XI¿∂p hoW-t∏mƒ Im¥°√pw Cf-In. hn{Klw Xmsg hoWp. hn{K-lap-S-®-t∏mƒ ]Xn-s\-´p-tImSn cq]-bpsS cXv\ßƒ ]pdØp h∂-t{X. ]qPm-cn-Iƒ°pw t]m∏∑m¿°pw NΩ-ń-bSn In´-b-t∏mƒ Ic-®n¬ XpSßn. JP-\m-sh-hn-sS-sb-∂mbn A{I-an-Iƒ. ASnsIm≠p ]pf-™-t∏mƒ Imń-s°m-Sp-Øp. Ah¿
ASn- ® p- s ]m- f n®v sIm≈- s N- b v X p. t]m∏∑mscbpw injy-∑m-scbpw ASn-sIm-SpØv ASna-I-fm°n tKmXºp s]mSn-°p-I, ]p√p-]-dn-°pI, ae-aq-{Xm-Zn-Iƒ tImcpI apX-emb tPmenIƒ \¬In. Xn∂m≥ s]mcn IS-e-am{Xw sImSpØp. IjvSw Xs∂. inem-]qP sNbvXv F¥n\n-ßs\ \in-®-Sn™p? F¥p-sIm≠v Cuiz-c]qP sNbvXn√? sNbvXn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ tæ—-∑mcpsS ]√-Sn-®p-sIm-gn®v Pbw t\Sm-am-bn-cp-∂p.
F{X hn{K-l-ßƒ ]qPn-®n-cp-∂pthm A{Xbpw
t]mcmfnIsf ]qPn-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ F{X hnP-bap- ≠ m- t bt\. ]qPm- c n- I ƒ Cu ine- I sf
C{Xbpw ]qPn-®p. F¶nepw HscÆw t]mepw
Fgpt∂‰v i{Xp-hns‚ Xe-bv°-Sn-®n-√. iqc-hoc- ∑ m- c mb ]pcp- j - ∑ msc hn{K- l - Ø ns‚
ÿm\Øp ]qPn-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Ah¿ B{inXsc klm-bn-°p-Ibpw i{Xp-°sf Aa¿®
sNøp-Ibpw sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p.
D≠n-b¬ hym]mcw
tNmZyw:- ˛ Zzmc- I - b nse c¨tOm- U v P n,
\¿ko-a-lvXmbv°v D≠n-b¬ 110 Ab®v ISw
hońb IYbpw I≈-amtWm?
DØcw:-˛ GtXm ]W-hym-]mcn ]Ww \¬Inbn- c n- ° mw. {ioIr- j v W ≥ Ab- ® - X m- s W∂v
Btcm I-≈-t∏cp h®-Xp-am-Imw. 1914-˛mw kwh’-c-Øn¬ Cw•o-jp-Im¿ Aº-e-ßfpw hn{Kl- ß fpw ]oc- ¶ n- h ®p XI¿Ø- t ∏mƒ Cu
aq¿Øn-Iƒ FhnsS t]mbn-cp∂p? F∂m¬
_mtL-dn-Iƒ F{X hoc-ambn t]mcmSn i{Xp°sf \in-∏n-®p. 111 hn{K-l-ßƒ°v Hcp Cu®°m¬ HSn-°m≥ t]mepw Ign-™n-√. {ioIrjvW-s\-t∏mse Bsc-¶nepw D≠m-bn-cp-s∂¶n¬ Chsc sI´p-sI-ń-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. c£-I\v
ASn-sIm-≠m¬ B{inXs‚ Imcy-sa¥p ]dbm≥?
Pzmem-ap-Jnbpw lnwK-emPpw
tNmZyw:-˛ Pzmem-apJw {]Xy-£-tZ-h-X-bmWv. k¿hhpw `£n-°p-∂p. {]kmZw Xcptºmƒ ]IpXn `£n®v _m°n ]IpXn Xcp∂p. apKƒ N{I-h¿Øn-am¿ AXn¬ tXmSpshń sh≈-sam-gn®p t\m°n. Ccp-ºp-Nń
IagvØn h®pw t\m°n. F∂n´pw Pzme AW™n-√, \ne-®p-an-√. AXp-t]mse lnwK-emPv 112 ]mXn-cmbv°v khmcn sNbvXv ]¿h--Øn¬
{]Xy-£-s∏´v ]¿h-XsØ K¿÷n-∏n-°p-∂p.
N{µ-Iq]w (In-W¿) Dds° Ic-bp-∂p. tbm\o-
109. _pXv F∂ ]Zw "_p≤' kw⁄-bpsS
A]-{`w-i-am-Wv. ]mck (t]¿jy) tZiØp apºv
_p≤-{]-Xn-a-Iƒ am{Xta D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈p F∂v
]WvUn‰v `K-h-±-Øv, "`mc-Xob kwkvIrXo
Im _rlZv CXn-lmk''Øn¬.
110. D≠n-b¬ = lp≠n ˛ ]W-®o-´v. Hcp {_m“-W≥
\¿ko-al
- X
- b
- psS ASpØp sN∂v sNe-hn\p ]Ww
tNmZn-®p. \¿ko-bpsS ]°¬ ]W-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p.
]Icw {ioIr-jvWs‚ t]cn¬ Hcp D≠n-b¬ FgpXn
sImSp-Øp. {_m“-W¿ AXv {ioIr-jvW-hn-{K-lØn\p apºn¬ ka¿∏n-®p. DSs\ Xs∂ AXv ]Wam-bn- amdn F∂v `‡n-hn-Pbw F∂ admØn {KŸØn¬ D≠v.
248
111. hn{I-ak
- w-h’
- c
- a
- m-Wn-X.v Cw•o-jh
v ¿j-tØ-°mƒ 57
h¿jw apºn-em-Wv hn{I-a-kw-h-’-cw. 1914 hn{I-akw-h-’cw 1857 G.-Un. bmWv. H∂mw kzmX-{¥yk-a-c-°m-ew. al¿jn CXn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-∂-Xmbn
tcJ-I-fp≠v.
112 DØ-tc-¥y-bnse dnwhm-i-l-tUmƒ F∂
{]tZ-isØ Hcp {Kma-Øn-emWv Cu B{I-aWw
\S-∂-Xv. 1857-˛se H∂mw kzX-{¥y-k-a-c-Øn¬ Cu
{]tZ-isØ Hcp h¿K-amb _tL-ep-Iƒ Cw•o-jpIm-tcmSv G‰p-ap-ń. CXv APvao-dn¬\n∂p {]kn-≤oI-cn-°p∂ "]tcm-]-Imcn' F∂ amkn-I-bpsS 1975
sk]vXw-_¿ e°-Øn¬ ]ckyw sNbvX "hn‘ym`q-`mKvtaw al¿jn-Zb
- m-\µ kc-kzXo Im ]cn-{`-a¨
Ghw hn{imav' F∂, KtWiv {]kmZv kml-bpsS
teJ-\-Øn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-´p-≠v.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
b- { ¥- Ø n- e qsS
Ib- d n- b n- d - ß n- b m¬
]p\¿÷∑w D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. Tpac (Ip-∂n-°pcp) ame-b-Wn-™mte ]q¿W-\mb alm-flmhm- I q. lnwK- e m- P n¬ t]mbn hcm- Ø - h ≥
A¿≤-a-lm-flm-th-bm-Iq. CsX√mw Ahn-izk-\o-btam?
DØcw:-˛ Ahn-iz-k-\obw Xs∂. ]¿∆-XØn¬ \n∂v XoPzme ]pd-s∏-Sp-∂-XmWv Pzmemap-Jn. F√mw ]qPm-cn-I-fpsS hnNn-{X-tI-fn-I-fmWv. Ic-≠n-bn¬ s\søm-gn®v Xmfn-°m≥th≠n
NqSm-°p-tºmƒ AXn¬ Xo ]nSn-°p-∂p. FSpØp-am-‰p-Itbm DuXp-Itbm sNbvXm¬ AX-Wbpw. Iptd s\øv Fcn™p Xo¿∂n- c n- ° pw.
_m°n tijn-°pw. CXp-t]m-semcp kw`-hta
Ahn-sS-bp-≈q. ASp-∏n¬ F¥n-´mepw IØn-°cn-bpw. hońtem Imńtem Xo ]nSn-®m¬ F√mw
sh¥p-t]m-Ipw. CXn¬ F¥mWv hnti-j-am-bp≈Xv? Hc-º-ehpw IpWvUhpw Aßp-an-ßpw
Iptd Pe-\n¿K-a-\n-Ifpw Hgn-sI.
lnwK-em-Pn¬ Hcp khm-cn-bp-an-√. 113 D≈Xv
t]m∏-∑m-cp-sSbpw ]qPm-cn-I-fp-sSbpw Ifn am{Xam- W v . sh≈hpw sNfnbpw \nd™ Hcp
IpWv U ap≠m°n h®n- ´ p- ≠ v . AXn- \ Sn- b n¬
\n∂p Ipanf hcpw. AXp ImWp-∂-XmWv kê-bm-{X-sb∂p aqV-∑m¿ [cn-°p-∂p. tbm\ob{¥w [\-a-]-l-cn-°m≥ D≠m°nh®-Xm-Wv.
Ip∂n-am-e-bpsS Imcyhpw t]m∏p-I-fn-bm-Wv.
AXp-sI-ń-bm¬ alm-flm-hm-Ip-sa-¶n¬ Hcp arKØn-s\-s°m≠v Ip∂n-°p-cp-am-eb
- psS NpaSv Npa∏n-®m¬ AXpw alm-]p-cp-j-\m-Iptam? henb
DØa ]pcp-jm¿∞w sImt≠ alm-]p-cp-j-\mhq.
Aar-X-k-ckpw Aa-c-\m-Yhpw a‰pw
tNmZyw:-˛ AarX kc-knse Ipfw \ndsb
Aar-X-am-Wv. ]pfn-©n-°m-bpsS ]IpXn a[pc- a p- ≈ - X m- W v . tdhm¬k- d n¬ h≈- ß ƒ
X\nsb A°-c-bn-°sc IS-°p-∂p. Aa-c-\mYn¬ inh-enwKw X\nsb D≠m-Ip-∂p. lname- b - Ø n¬ CW- { ]m- h p- I ƒ h∂v Z¿i\w
\¬In aS-ßp-∂p. CsX√mw hniz-kn-°m≥
]mSn-√m-Ø-XmtWm?
DØcw:-˛ Aar-X-k-c-kv 114 F∂Xv B IpfØns‚ t]cp am{X-am-Wv. AhnSw ImSm-bn-cp-∂t∏mƒ AXnse sh≈w ip≤-am-bn-cp-∂n-cn-°mw.
AXv Aar-Xm-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ AXp IpSn-®-h¿,
]pcm-W-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂Xp t]mse
acn-°-cp-Xm-bn-cp-∂-t√m. `nØn hoWp-t]m-ImsX
Ip\n-bpI am{Xw sNøp∂ Xc-Øn¬ \n¿an-®Xm-hmw. ]pfn-©n-bn¬ at‰-sX-¶nepw ac-®n√
Hń®p ]nSn-∏n-®t- Xm, As√-¶n¬ ip≤-s]m-fntbm
Bbn-cn-°pw. tchm-k-dn¬ 115 sNßmSw ]Wn™n-cn-°p-∂X
- n¬ Ft¥m I≈-∏W
- n-bp-≠v. Aac-\m-Y-Øn¬ a™p-sIm≠v h≥]¿hXw D≠mIp-∂p. At∏mƒ Pe-I-W-ßƒ Dd®v sNdnb
enMvKw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xn-se-¥m-Wm-›cyw? ]qPmcn-Iƒ hf¿Øp∂ amS-{]m-hp-Isf Xpd∂p hnSptºmƒ Ah {]Xy-£-s∏-Spw. ae-I-fpsS ad-hn¬
\n∂v hnSp-∂-Xm-Imw. {]Z¿in-∏n®v ]Ww ]nSpßp-∂p-ap-≠m-Imw.
lc-Zzmcpw a‰pw
tNmZyw:-˛ lc-Zzm-c, kz¿K-Zzm-ca
- m-Wv. l¿Ioss]Un AYhm inhs‚ IS-hn¬ kv\m\w
sNbvXm¬ F√m ]m]-ßfpw Hgn-bpw. Xt]mh-\-Øn¬ Xma-kn-®m¬ X]-kzn-bm-Ipw. tZh{]-bm-K, KwtKm-{Xn-bnse tKmap-Jw, DØ-c-Imin-bn¬ Kp]vXI
- m-in, {Xbp-K\m-cm-bW
- ≥ Ch
Xo¿Y ÿm\-ß-fm-Wv. tIZm-cw, _Z-co-\m-cmbWw F∂n-hn-Sß
- f
- nse ]qP Bdp-amkw a\pjy-cpw, Bdp-amkw tZh-∑mcpw \S-Øp-∂p.
alm-tZ-hs‚ apJw t\∏m-fn-em-Wv, AXns\
]ip-]-Xn-sb∂p hnfn-°p-∂p. ]rjvTw tIZm-cØn-epw, Ducp-°ƒ XpwK-\m-Y-Ønepw ]mZßƒ Aa-c-\m-Y-Øn-ep-am-Wv. Chn-S-ß-fn¬
Z¿i- \ w, kv ] ¿i- \ w, kv \ m\w F∂nh
113. kn‘n-ep≈ Hcp Zp¿Km-t£-{X-amWv lnwK-em-Pv.
Ct∏m-gnXv ]mIn-ÿm-\n-em-Wv.
114. Aar-X-k-c-knse kz¿W aµn-c-Øn\p Np‰p-ap≈
kc-km-Wn-Xv.
249
115. lnam-N-e-Ønse knwe-bv°-SpØ ÿe-am-Wn-Xv.
Chn-SpsØ hrØm-Ir-Xn-bn-ep≈ XSm-I-Øn\v 30
ao‰-tdmfw Np‰-fh
- p-≠v. 45 ao‰-tdmfw Bg-hpw. ChnsS
Im‰p-sIm≠v A°-sc-bn-°sc HgpIn \S-°p∂ Hcp
sNßm-S-ap-≠v. AXp aq∂p h≈-ß-fn¬ ]Sp-ØXpw
I√pw aÆpw \nd™v sNSn-Iƒ hf-cp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.
CXv HgpIn \S-°p-∂Xv Hc-¤p-X-ambn ]qPm-cn-Iƒ
Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p-∂p. tdhm¬ F∂-Xn\v s\√ns‚
Rm‰p-X-S-sa-∂m-W¿Yw. ChnsS s\¬Ir-jn-bp-≠v.
Rmdp ]dn®v sI´p-I-fm°n DW-ßm-Xn-cn-°m≥ Cu
h≈-ß-fn¬ sh≈w Xfn®v kq£n-®n-cn-°mw.
{ItaW aÆp \nd™v sNSn-Iƒ hf¿∂p XpS-ßnb-Xmhmw F∂v Pn.-]n. D]m-[ymb ]d-bp-∂p.
(k.-{]. Cw•ojv X¿÷-a)
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
sNbvXm¬ ap‡n e`n-°p-∂p. tIZmcw _Zcn
F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ \n∂v kz¿KØp t]mI--Wsa-¶n¬ t]mImw. C°m-cy-ß-sf-ß-s\-bp≠v?
DØcw:-˛ lc-Zzmcw hS-°≥ ]¿h-X-ß-fn-te°p≈ {]th-i\ Zzmc-am-Wv. l¿Io-ss]Un Hcp
Ipfn-°-S-hns‚ ]S-hp-I-fm-Wv. kXy-Øn¬ AXv
lmUvss]Un (F-√n≥ ]S-hp-Iƒ) bt{X. Fs¥∂m¬ \mSm-b-\m-sS-√m-ap≈ acn-®-h-cpsS F√pIƒ Chn-sS-bm-Wt√m hogp-∂-Xv. 116 ]m]w Hcn°epw Igp-In-bm¬ Xocp-I-bn-√. A\p-`-hn-®pXo¿tØ ]‰q. Xt]m-h\w Fs∂-¶nepw D≠mbn-cp-∂n-cn-°mw. Ct∏mgXv `n£p-h\
- a
- m-Wv. Xt]mh-\-Øn¬ t]mbn ]m¿°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Bcpw
Xm]-k\
- m-Ip-∂n-√. X]kp sNbvsX-¶nte BIq
Fs¥-∂m¬ AhnsS I≈w ]d-bp∂ hym]m-cnIfpw Ht´-sd-bp-≠v. Ah¿ X]-kzn-I-f-√-t√m.
"lna-hXx {]`-hXn KwKm'. ]¿h-X-Øn\p
apI-fn¬\n∂v Pew Hgp-Ip-∂p. tKmap-J-Øns‚
BIrXn ]Ww ]nSp-ßn-I-fp-≠m-°n-b-Xm-Wv. B
]¿hXw t]m∏-∑m-cpsS kz¿K-am-Wv. Ahn-SpsØ
DØ-c-Im-inbpw a‰pw [ym\n-Iƒ°p tbmPn-®Xm-Wv. ]t£ I®-h-S-°m¿°p Ahn-Shpw I®h-S-ÿew Xs∂-bm-Wv. tZh-{]-bm-K-bn¬ tZh∑m¿ hkn-°p-s∂-∂Xv ]pcm-W-ß-fpsS anYymk-¶-ev]-am-Wv. AhnsS Af-I-\-µbpw KwKbpw
kwK-an-°p-s∂∂ anYy ]d-™p]c-Øn-bn-s√¶n¬ AhnsS Bcp t]mIm\pw ImWn-°-bn-Sm\p-amWv? Kp]vX-Im-in-sb-s∂m-∂n-√. AXp
{]kn-≤-I m-in-b m-W v. aq∂p bpK-ß - f m- bp≈
bPvR-[qaw {Xnbp-Ko\m-cm-b-W-Øn-en-√. Hcp
]t£ ]mWvU-I-fpsS ]Øn-cp-]Xp Xe-ap-d-bmbp-≈Xp ImWpw. CXv `kva-[m-cn-I-fpsS [qa-IWvUhpw ]mgvkn-I-fpsS t£{X-ß-fnse A·nIp-WvUhpw kZm Pzen-°p-∂X
- p-t]ms-etb D≈q.
X]vX-IpWvU-Øns‚ Imcyhpw Cß-s\-X-s∂.
AhnsS ]¿h-X-Øns‚ Dƒ`mKw NqSp-]n-Sn-®ncn-°p-∂p. AXnte HgpIn hcp∂ sh≈-Øn\v
NqSp-≠v. AXn\v ASp-Øp≈ IpWvU-Ønse
Pew D]-cn-X-e-Øn-te-tXm, NqSn-√m-Øn-S-Øp\n∂v Hgp-Ip-∂tXm BI-bm¬ XWp-Øn-cn-°p∂p. tIZm-c-\m-Yw, AXn-kp-µ-c-amb ÿe-am-Wv.
Ahn-sSbpw ]qPm-cn-Itfm Ah-cpsS injy∑mtcm Aºew ]WnXp h®n-´p-≠v. Ahn-SpsØ
al-¥p-Ifpw ]qPm-cn-Ifpw ]WvU-Ifpw hnthI-iq-\y-cmb ]W-°m-cn¬ \n∂v [\-a-]-l-cn®v
hnj-bm-\-µ-a-·-cm-Ip∂p. AXp-t]mse _Z-co\m-cm-b-W-Ønepw NXn-b-∑m-cpsS Hcp ]S-Xs∂bp≠v. dmh¬Pn-bmWv Ahn-SpsØ apJy≥.
H∂√ \nc-h[n kv{XoIsf AhnsS ]cn-]m-en°p-∂p. 117 ]ip-]Xn Fs∂mcp t£{X-Øn\p
t]cn´v ]©-apJn F∂ hn{K-lsØ {]Xn-jvTn®n-´p≠v. Bcpw tNmZn-°m-\n-√m-Øn-SØv CØcw
Ifn-Iƒ°v Dut°-dpw. F∂m¬ Xo¿∞-ßf
- nse
Bfp-I-tf-t∏mse Cu ]¿h-X-hm-kn-Iƒ A{Ian-Itfm [\m-]l
- c
- W
- °
- mtcm A√. ca-Wo-bhpw
]hn-{X-hp-amb `qan-bm-W-hn-Sp-tØ-Xv.
hn‘y, {]bm-K, aYp-c, Atbm[y
tNmZyw:-˛ hn‘ym-N-e-Ønse A„-`p-Pbpw
hnt‘y-iz-cnbpw Imfnbpw {]Xy-£-k-Xy-ßfm-Wv. hnt‘y-izcn aq∂p t\chpw aq∂p cq]w
[cn-°p-∂p. AhnsS ap‰Øv Hco® t]mep-an√. {]bmK Xo¿Y-cm-P-\m-Wv. AhnsS Xe
apWvU\w sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw KwKm bap\m
kwK-a-Øn¬ kv\m\w sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw
Aò- j v S - k n- ≤ n- b p- ≠ m- I p- ∂ p. AXp- t ]mse
Atbm[y ap∂p XhW \nhm-kn-Iƒk-lnXw
kz¿Kw ]qIn-b-Xm-Wv. aYpc F√m Xo¿Y-ßfnepw {][m-\-am-Wv. hrµm-h\w eoem-ÿm\w
BWv . tKmh¿≤\ {hP- b m- { X- I ƒ henb
`mKyw-sImt≠ kn≤n-°q. kqcy-{K-l-W-kabw Ipcp-t£-{X-Øn¬ e£-°-W-°n-\m-fpIƒ tafn-°p-∂p. CsX√mw anYy-bmsWt∂m?
DØcw:-˛ AhnsS aq∂p hn{K-l-ß-fp-≠v.
Ah inem-\n¿an-Xa
- m-Wv. ]qPm-cn-If
- psS hkv{Xme-¶mcw kma¿Yyw \nan-Ø-amWv hn{Klw aq∂pX-c-Øn¬ aq∂p-t\-chpw Zriy-am-Ip-∂-Xv. Cu®Iƒ Bbncw e£-ß-fp-≠v. CXn\v Fs‚ IÆpIƒ Xs∂-bmWv km£n. {]bm-K-bn¬ GsX¶nepw £pc-I-I-hn-tbm, As√-¶n¬ t]m∏n\v
]Ww-sIm-SpØv Btcm apWvU-\-am-lmflyw
cNn-°tbm cNn-∏n-°tbm sNbvXn-cn-°mw. {]bmK-bn¬ Ipfn®v kz¿KØp t]mbm¬ ]ns∂
Bcpw Xncn®p h∂n-ńt√? F√m-hcpw hoń¬
116. k©-b\w sNbvX F√p-Iƒ Chn-sS-bmWv
sIm≠n-Sp-∂-Xv.
250
117. hn{I-a-kw-h-’cw 1912 ¬ (G.-Un. 1855) tbmK
hnZym-hn-⁄-∑msc tXSn al¿jn lnam-e-b-Øns‚
Cu `mK-ß-fn¬ H´-[nIw bm{X sNbvXp. Cu {]tZi-ßƒ al¿jn°v \√p-Xp-t]mse ]cn-Nn-X-ambn
F∂v Bfl-I-Y-bn-se-gp-Xn-bn-´p≠v.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
aSßn-h-cp-∂-Xm-bmWv ImWp-∂-Xv. C\n h√hcpw apßn-a-cn-®mepw BIm-i-Øn¬ hmbp-hnt\mSv tN¿∂v ]p\¿÷∑w {]m]n-°p-∂p-≠v.
Xo¿Y- c m- P - s \∂ t]cpw ]Ww]nSp- ß n- I ƒ
\evIn-b-Xm-Wv. PU-h-kvXp-hn¬ cmPm-˛-{]-Pmt`Zw Hcn-°epw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√.
Atbm-[ym-\-Kcw AXnse hmkn-I-fmb ]ńIƒ, Igp-X-Iƒ, tXmń-Iƒ, sNcp-∏p-Ip-Øn-Iƒ,
sh≈w-tIm-cn-IƒklnXw aq∂p XhW kz¿KØn¬ t]msb-∂Xv Akw-`-hy-am-Wv. C∂pw
Ahn-sS-Ø-s∂-bp≠v. AXp-t]mseXs∂-bp-≠v.
t]m∏-∑m-cpsS hmbv°p-tXm-∂nb tImX°p
]mń¬ Atbm≤y kz¿§-Øp-t]mbn Cu ]m´v
i_vZ-ambn Hgp-In-\-S-°p-∂p. C∆Æw Xs∂
ss\-an-jm-c-Wy-sØ-∏-‰nbpw a‰pw Ch¿ ]d-bp∂-Xnepw Ifn-I-fp-≠v.
aYpc aq∂p-tem-I-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw `n∂-amsW∂p ]d- b p- ∂ - X n¬ A¿Y- s am- ∂ p- a n- √ .
F∂m¬ AhnsS aq∂p Iq´¿ almP¥p-°-fmbp-≠v. BIm-i-Ønepw `qan-bnepw Pe-Ønepw
D≈ B¿°pw Ah-cn¬ \n∂v kuJyw e`n°pI hnj-a-am-Wv. H∂v Nut_. 118 Bsc-¶nepw
kv \ m\- Ø n\p t]mbm¬ Ahsc ]nSn- I qSn
]dbpw:- ˛ ""h∂ms´ bP- a m- \ t\, I©mhpw
apfIpw tN¿Øp Pe-]m-\hpw eUvVp `£-Whpw. bP-am-\\v Pb Pb ]mSs´'' c≠v˛ sh≈Ønse Ba ˛ ISn®p Xn∂p-I-fbpw Chsb
t]Sn®v Ipfn-°mt\ km[y-a√. aq∂v˛ apI-fn-encn- ° p∂ c‡- a p- J - ° p- c - ß p- I ƒ, Xe- s °´pw
sXm∏nbpw, B`- c - W hpw, F¥n\v sNcn- ∏ pt]mepw hnSn- √ . ISn- ® p- X n- ∂ pw. sX≈n- b n´v
sIm∂p-I-fbpw. Ch aq∂pw t]m∏-∑m¿°pw
injy-∑m¿°pw ]qP-\o-b-cm-Wv. a∂p-I-W-°n\v
IS-ebpw a‰p [m\y-ßfpw Ba-bv°pw, IS-ebpw
i¿°-cbpw a‰pw Ipc-ßn-\pw, Nut_-am¿°v
Z£n-Wbpw eUvVphpw a‰pw \evIn Ah-cpsS
tkh-I¿ tkh\w sNøp-∂p-≠v.
hrµm-h-\-am-I-s´, D≠m-bn-cp-∂t∏mƒ D≠mbn-cp-∂p. Ct∏m-g-hnsS thiym-h\w t]mse
]nØ-em-´hpw Kpcp-˛-in-jy-∑m-cpsS tIfnbpw \S°p-∂p. A∆Æw Zo]-am-ebpw a‰pw t]m∏-∑mcpsS Dt±-i-kn-≤n-°p-X-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. tKmh¿≤\-˛-{h-P-bm-{X-Ifpw Aß-s\-X-s∂. Ipcp-t£-{X-
Ønse Imcyhpw hb-‰p-∏n-g-∏p-X-s∂-sb-∂-dn-bWw. [m¿an-Icpw ]tcm-]-Im-cn-I-fp-am-b-h¿ Cu
t]m∏p-eo-e-bn¬ \n∂p \nhr-Ø-cm-hp-I-Xs∂
sNøpw.
hn{K-lm-cm-[\ ˛ Xo¿∞w Ch-bpsS ]g°w
tNmZyw:-˛ hn{K-lm-cm-[\ Xo¿Y-bm{X F∂nh-sb√mw k\m-X-\-ambn \S-°p-∂p. Ch-sbßs\ anYy-bmIpw?
DØcw:-˛ \nßƒ k\m-X-\-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂sX-¥n-s\-bmWv? kZm-\-S-∂p-h-cp-∂-Xn-s\tbm?
CXv kZm \S-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ thZ-ßƒ, {_m“W-ßƒ apX-em-bh Ejn-ap-\n-I-fm¬ cNn-X-amb
{KŸßfn¬ Ch-bpsS t]cn-√m-Ø-sX¥v? 119
Cu hn{K-lm-cm-[\ Ign™ aq∆m-bn-c-Øn-b™qdp h¿j-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ hma-am¿Kn-Ifpw
ssP\n-Ifpw D≠m-°n-b-Xm-Wv. Bcym-h¿ØØn¬ Ch- s bm∂pw C√m- b n- c p- ∂ p. Cu
Xo¿∞ßfpw C√m- b n- c p- ∂ p. ssP\- ∑ m¿,
Kn¿\m¿, ]men-Sm-\, inJ¿, i{Xp-RvP-b, B_p
apX- e mb Xo¿Y- ÿ - e - ß ƒ D≠m- ° n- b - X pt]mse Chcpw D≠m-°n-sb-t∂-bp-≈q. ChbpsS Bcw-`-sØ-∏‰n B¿s°-¶nepw Adn-bW-sa-¶n¬ ]WvU-I-fpsS ]pcm-X\ \mƒh-gn°-W-°p-Ifpw sNt∏-Sp-Ifpw ]cn-tim-[n-°-Ww.
Cu Xo¿Y-ßƒ°v Gdn-bm¬ A™qtdm Bbnctam sIm√sØ ]g-°-ta-bp-s≈∂v At∏mƒ
a\- n-em-Ipw. Bbncw sIm√-Øn-e-∏pdw ]g-°ap≈ tcJ-I-tf-bn√ F√mw C∏p-d-Øp-≈-Xm-Wv.
Xo¿∞hpw \ma-am-lm-flyhpw
tNmZyw:- ˛ Xo¿∞- ˛ - \ m- a - a m- l m- fl y- ß ƒ
AXm-b-Xv, A\y-£-t{X-Ir-Xw, ]m]w-Im-iot£t{X hn\-iy-Xn 120 apX-emb {]kvXm-hßƒ kXy-at√?
DØcw:-˛ A√. ]m]w C√m-Xm-Ip-sa-¶n¬ Zcn{Z\v cmP-]-´hpw A‘\v IÆpw e`n-°p-am-bn-cp-
118. NXp¿thZn F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ ep]vX-cq-]-am-Wn-Xv.
N.th = Nt∆ = Nut_
251
119. thZ-im-J-Iƒ, {_m“-W-ßƒ, Bc-Wy-I-ßƒ,
D]-\n-j-Øp-Iƒ, D]-th-Z-ßƒ, thZmw-Kßƒ,
D]mw-K-ßƒ F∂o {KŸ-ß-fn-sem∂pw
hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-sbm´pw ]cm-a¿in-X-a-√.
Jne-ß-fn¬ (]-cn-in-jvS-ß-fn¬) ]qPm-Im-cy-ßƒ
]d-bp-∂p-≠v. Ah-sbm∂pw Ejn-t{]m-‡-a-√.
D≠m-°n-t®¿Ø-h-bm-Wv.
120. a‰p-ÿ-e-ß-fn¬ h®p sNbvX ]m]w Imin-bn¬
h®v C√m-Xm-Ip-∂p. (Im-in-a-lm-flyw)
121. AXm-Xns‚ êw A\p-`-hnt® Xocq F∂¿Yw.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
∂p. IpjvT-tcm-Kn-I-fpsS tcmKw hn´p-am-dp-am-bncp-∂p. Aßs\ kw`-hn-°p-∂n-√. AXn-\m¬
Bcp-sSsb¶nepw ]m]tam ]pWytam hn´p-t]mIp-I-bn-√. 121
tNmZyw:-˛ 1. KwtKm KwtKXn tbm {_pbmZv
tbmP- \ m\mw issX- c ]n apNytX k¿h
]m]t`ym hnjvWp-temIw k K—Xn
2. lcn¿l-cXn ]m]m\n lcn-cn-Xy-£-c-Zzbav {]mXx-Imte inhw-Zr„zm \nin ]m]w
hn\-iyXn
3. BP-∑I
- rXw a[ymt” kmbmt” k]vXP-∑-\m-av. 122
Ch t]m∏p-]p-cm-Wß
- f
- nse t«mI-ßf
- m-Wv.
1. At\Iw ImX-ß-f-I-se-bn-cp-∂p-t]mepw
KwKm, KwKm F∂p P]n-®m¬ F√m ]m]hpw
\in®v hnjvWp-temIw˛ssh-Ip-WvTw-˛-{]m-]n°pw.
2. lcn F∂ c≠-£-c-ap≈ \ma-ap-®-cn®m¬ F√m ]m]-ß-tfbpw AXv lcn-°pw.
AXp-t]m-se-bmWv cma, IrjvW, inh, `KhXn apX-emb \ma-ß-fp-sSbpw amlm-flyw.
3. AXp-t]m-se, GXp a\p-jy≥ cmhnse
inh- e nw- K tam hn{K- l tam ImWp- ∂ pthm
Abmƒ cm{Xn-bn¬ sNbvX ]m]w C√m-XmIpw. a[ym-”-Øn¬ Z¿in-®m¬, B P∑-Ønse-bpw, kmbm-”-Øn¬ Z¿in-®m¬ Ggp P∑ß-fn-tebpw ]m]w \in-°pw. CXv Z¿i\
amlm-fly-am-Wv. Chbpw If-hmtWm?
DØcw:-˛ I≈-am-sW-∂-Xn¬ F¥p i¶-bmWp-≈Xv? KwKm, KwKm, ltc cma, IrjvW,
\mcm-b-W, inh `K-hXn \ma-kva-c-WwsIm≠v
]m]w hn´pa-md
- p-Ib
- n-√. amdp-sa-¶n¬ Hscm‰ ZpxJnX≥ t]mepw D≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. C°m-eØv
t]m∏p-eo--e-Iƒ h¿≤n-®-tXm-Sp-IqSn ]m]n-I-fpsS
FÆw s]cp-Ip-∂-Xp-t]m-se, ]m]w sNøm≥
B¿°pw `b-ap-≠m-hp-Ibpw C√m-bn-cp-∂p. ]m]w
sNbvX-Xn\p tijw \maw sNm√p-Itbm Xo¿Ybm{X sNøp-Itbm sNbvXm¬ ]m]-\n-hr-Ønbp-≠m-Ip-sa-∂Xv aqV-hn-izm-k-am-Wv. Cßs\
hniz-kn®v ]m]w sNbvXv Cl-tem-Ihpw ]ctem-Ihpw \in-∏n-°p-∂p. F¥m-bmepw sNbvX
]m]-Øns‚ êw A\p-`-hnt® Xocq.
tNmZyw:-˛ At∏mƒ Xo¿Y-bm-{Xbpw \maP-]hpw icn-bt√?
DØcw:-˛ icn-bm-Wv. thZmZn kXy-im-kv{Xß-fpsS ]T-\hpw ]mT-\hpw [m¿an-I-cmb hnZzm∑m-cpsS kwK-aw, ]tcm-]-Im-cw, [¿am-\p-jvTm\w, tbmKm-`ym-kw, sshc-an-√m-bva, Im]-Sy-cmln-Xyw, kXy-`m-j-Ww, kXy-aw-Ko-I-cn-°¬,
kXy-a-\p-jvTn-°¬, {_“-N-cyw, BNm-cy≥,
AXn-Yn, amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑msc ip{iq-jn-°¬,
Cuiz-c-kvXp-Xn-˛-{]m¿Y-\m-˛-D-]m-k-\, im¥-X,
PntX-{µn-b-X, kpio-e-X, [¿a-bp-‡-amb ]pcpjm¿∞w, ⁄m\ hn⁄m-\mZn ip` KpW-I¿aßƒ F∂nh ZpxJ-ßsf XcWw sNøn-°p-∂h-bm-I-bm¬ Xo¿Y-ß-fm-Wv. Pe-ÿ-e-{]-[m-\am-bh Hcn-°epw Xo¿Y-ß-f-√. Fs¥-∂m¬
P\m ssbx Xc¥n Xm\n Xo¿Ym\n bmsXm∂n-\m¬ P\-ßƒ ZpxJ-ßsf XcWw sNøp∂pthm Ah-bmWv Xo¿Y-ßƒ. Pe-ÿe
- ß
- ƒ
XcWw sNøn-°p-I-bn-√, ap°n-s°m-√p-∂-h-bmWv. h©n-ap-X-em-b-hbpw Xo¿Y-ß-fm-Wv. Ahbn¬ Ibdn kap{Zw IS-°m≥ Ign-bp-a-t√m.
1. kam\ Xo¿tY hmko
(A-jvS-[ymbn 4.4.107)
2. \a-kvXo¿Yym-bN (b-Pp. 16.42)
1. Htc BNm-cy-\n¬ \n∂v Htc imkv{Xw
H∂n- ® p- ] m¿Øv ]Tn- ° p- ∂ - h ¿ kXo¿Yy¿
AYhm kam-\-Xo¿Y-tk-hnI-fm-Wv.
2. thZm-Zn-im-kv{X-ßfnepw, kXy-`m-j-WmZn
[¿a-e-£-W-ß-fnepw \njvWm-X-\mb kw\ymkn°v A∂-]m-\m-Zn-Iƒ \evIp-Ibpw hnZy A`ykn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv Xo¿Y-am-Wv.
\ma-P]w C{]-Im-c-amWv:-˛ bky-\m-a-a-lZyix (b-Pp.) 123 Cuiz-cs‚ \maw henb bikv, AYhm [¿a-bp-‡-I¿a-ßƒ sNø-em-Wv.
{_“w, ]c-ta-iz-c≥. Cuiz-c≥, \ymb-Im-cn, Zbmep, k¿h-i-‡n-am≥, apX-emb \ma-ßƒ Cuizcs‚ KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-≠m-b-XmWv. Fß-s\-sb-∂m¬, {_“w-˛-G-‰hpw hen-bXv, ]c-ta-iz-c≥˛ Cuiz-c-∑m-cp-sSbpw Cuiz-c≥,
Cuiz-c≥-˛-km-a¿Yy-bp-‡≥ \ymb-Im-cn. Hcn°epw A\ymbw sNøm-Ø-h≥, Zbm-ep-˛-F-√m-
122 {_“-]p-cmWw 174-˛82, ]fl-]p-cmWw
DØ-c-JWvUw 23-˛2, 72, 12 CXymZn
123. bPq¿thZw 32.3
252
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
h-cnepw Ir]m-Zr-jvSn-bp-≈h
- ≥, k¿h-i‡
- nam≥˛
kzkm-a¿Yy-Øn¬ \n∂p am{Xw PK-Øn-s‚sb√mw DXv ] - Ø n- ˛ - ÿ n- X n- ˛ - { ]- f - b - ß ƒ \SØp∂ a‰m- c n¬ \n∂pw klmbw kzoI- c n°mØ; {_“mhv˛PK-Ønse hnhn[ ]Zm¿Y-ßfpsS {kjvSm-hv, hnjvWp˛ k¿h{X hym]n®v
kwc-£n-°p-∂, alm-tZ-h≥˛ k¿h-tZ-h-∑m-cpsSbpw tZh≥. cp{Z≥˛ {]f-bI
- ¿Ømhv apX-emb
\mam¿Y- ß sf X∂n¬ [mcWw sNø- W w.
AXm-bXv henb {]hr-Øn-Iƒ sIm≠v hen-bh- \ m- I p- I , ka¿Y- c n¬ ka¿Y\m- h p- I ,
kma¿YysØ h¿≤n-∏n-°p-I, A[¿Ωw Hcn°epw sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-I, F√m-h-tcmSpw Zbhp
Im´p-I, k¿h-hn[ kma-{Kn-Ifpw ka¿Y-am-°nh-bv°p-I, inev]-hn-Zy-bm¬ hnhn-[-]-Zm¿Y-ß-fp≠m-°p-I, F√m-hc
- p-tSbpw kpJ-Zpx-Jß
- ƒ Xt‚Xn\p Xpey-ambn Icp-Xp-I, F√m-h-tcbpw kwc£n-°p-I, hnZzm-∑m-cn¬ h®v hnZzm-\m-hp-I,
ZpjvI¿Ωw sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-I, sNøp-∂-hsc
in£n-°p-I, k÷-\-ßsf c£n-°pI Cßs\
Cuiz-cs‚ KpW-I¿a kz`m-hß
- sf \ma-ßf
- n¬
\n∂-dn™v AXn-\-\p-Iq-e-ambn kz¥w KpWI¿a-kz-`m-h-ßsf cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-XmWv Cuizc-\m-a-kva-c-Ww.
Kpcp alm-fly-J-WvU\w
tNmZyw:-˛ Kpcp¿{_“m Kpcp¿hn-jvWp¿Kpcp¿tZthm atl- i zcx Kpcp- t ch ]cw- { _“
Xkvssa {ioKp-cpth \ax 124 CXymZn Kpcp-amlmflyw kXy-at√? Kpcp-hns‚ Im¬I-gpIn
tkhn- ° p- I , B⁄m- ] n- ° p- ∂ - X p- t ]mse
{]h¿Øn-°p-I, Kpcp AXym-{K-ln-sb-¶n¬ hma\-Xp-eyw, t{Im[n-sb-¶n¬ \c-knw-l-Xp-eyw,
tamln-bm-sW-¶n¬ cma-Xp-eyw, Iman-bm-sW-¶n¬
IrjvW-Xpeyw Kpcp-hns\ Icp-X-Ww. Kpcp
F¥p ]m]w sNbvXmepw X≈n-∏-d-b-cp-Xv. Kpcphns\ ImWp-hm≥ t]mIp-tºmƒ hbv°p∂
Hmtcm Im¬shbv]pw Aiz-ta-[-Øns‚ êw
\¬Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. CXv icn-bmtWm?
DØcw:-˛ icn-b-√. {_“m, hnjvWp, atliz-c≥ F∂nh Cuiz-cs‚ t]cp-I-fm-Wv. Cuizc\p Xpey-\mb Kpcp Hcn-°epw D≠m-hp-I-bn√. Cu Kpcp-am-lm-flyhpw Kpcp-Ko-Xbpw henb
t]m∏p-eo-e-bm-Wv. amXmhv, ]nXmhv, BNm-cy≥,
AXnYn F∂n-h¿°mWv Kpcp kw⁄ tbmPn°p-∂X
- v. Ahsc ip{iq-jn-°p-I. hnZybpw in£Whpw t\SpI F∂nh injy-s‚bpw \evtI≠Xv Kpcp- h n- s ‚bpw IS- a - b m- W v . F∂m¬
tem`nbpw t{Im[nbpw tamlnbpw Iman-bp-amb
Kpcp-hns\ k¿hYm XyPn-°-Ww. km[m-cW
in£-sIm≠v t\sc-bm-Ip-∂n-s√-¶n¬ A¿Ly]m-Zy-ßƒ AXm-bXv XmU-\hpw ]oU-\hpw
{]mW-l-c-Whpw hsc sNøp-∂-Xn¬ tZmj-an√. hnZymZn kZvKp-W-ß-fn-e√ Kpcp-Xz-an-cn-°p-∂sX∂p ]d-bp-Ibpw AkXyw ]d-bp-Ibpw ame
XneIw apX-em-bh [cn-°p-Ibpw thZ-hn-cp-≤amb Imcy-ßƒ D]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h≥
Kpcp-h-√. Aß-s\-bp-≈-h≥ Bń-S-b\p Xney\m-Wv. CS-b\v BSp-I-fn¬ \n∂ ]mepw a‰p
{]tbm-Pßfpw In´p-∂-Xp-t]mse Ch¿°pw
injy-∑m-cp-sSbpw injy-I-fp-sSbpw [\-a-]-lcn®v kz¥w Imcyw \n¿h-ln-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂p.
Kpcp-tem-`n, in£y-\¿°o, kncp-hcpw tIfnbmSpw I¬tØm-Wn-bn-te-do-ń-h¿ apßp∂p
`h kmKtc F∂p sNm√p-≠v. 125 injy-\n¬
\ns∂-s¥-¶nepw In´pw. In´p-∂-Xm-Is´ F∂p
Kpcphpw Imń-°q-´p∂ Zpjv°¿Ωß-fn¬ \n∂v
]m]-tam-N\w \evIm≥ Kpcp klm-bn-°p-sa∂v
injy\pw Icp-Xp-∂p. Cu I]-S-ap-\n-Iƒ c≠pw
I
- √
- p-sIm-≠p-≠m-°nb tXmWn-bn¬ Ib-dn-bh
- ≥
apßn-ac
- n-°p-∂X
- p-t]m-se, `h-km-Kc
- Ø
- n¬ apßna-cn-°p-∂p. CØcw Kpcp-in-jy-∑m-cpsS hmbn¬
aÆ-Sn-b-s´. Ah-cpsS kao]w \nev°pIt]mepa-cp-Xv. \nev°p-∂h
- ¿ ZpxJ-ka
- p-{Z-Øn¬ ]Xn-°pw.
]pcm-W-°mcpw ]qPm-cn-Ifpw IqSn D≠m-°nb
t]m∏p eoe t]mse-X-s∂-bmWv Cu CS-b-Kpcp-°-∑mcpw Hmtcm∂p ]d-™p-≠m-°n-bn-´p-≈Xv. CsX√mw kzm¿Yn-I-fpsS ]Wn-bm-Wv. ]cam¿Yn-I-fm-b-h¿ kzbw ZpxJw A\p-`-hn-®mepw
temI-Øn\v D]-Imcw sNøp-∂Xv \n¿Øp-Itb
C√. Kpcp-am-lmflyw Kpcp KoX apX-em-b-hsb√mw tem`n-Ifpw ZpjvI¿an-I-fp-amb I]S
Kpcp-°-∑m-cpsS krjvSn-bm-Wv.
18. ]pcm-W-ßfpw {_m“-W-{K-Ÿ-ßfpw
124. Kpcp-KoX
253
125. temò Kpcp emeNo tNem tZmt\w tJte-Zmhv
`h-km-K¿ta- Uq_vtX ss_Tv ]Y¿ Io \mhv
126. alm-`m-cXw BZn-]¿hw 3.267. a\p-kvarXn 3.232
OmtµmKy D]-\n-jØv 7.1.4. iX-]Yw 13.4.3.13
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
tNmZyw:- ˛ 1. Ajv S m- Z i ]pcm- W m\mw
IcvØm kXy-hXo kpXx 2. CXn-lmk ]pcmWm`ymw thZmcvY-ap-]-_rw-l-tb-Xv. (a-lm-`m-cXw) 3. ]pcm-Wm\n Jnem-\nN (a-\p) 4. CXnlmk ]pcmWx ]©tam thZm\mw thZx (OmtµmKyw 5 Zitafl\n In©nXv ]pcm-W-am-N£o-X. 6. ]pcmW hnZym-thZx (kq-{Xw) 126
1. ]Xn-s\´p ]pcm-W-ß-fp-sSbpw I¿Ømhv
hymk-\m-Wv. hymk-h-N-\-ßƒ \n›-b-ambpw
{]am-W-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. 2. CXn-lmkw (a-lm`m- c - X w) ]Xn- s \´p ]pcm- W - ß ƒ F∂n- h sIm≠v thZm¿Yw ]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°pIbpw thWw. Fs¥-∂m¬ Ah thZm¿Ym\p-Iq-e-am-Wv. 3. ]nXr-I¿a-Øn¬ ]pcmWw
(Jnew AY-hm) lcn-hw-i-Ønse IY {ihn°-Ww. 4. CXn-lm-k-]p-cm-W-ßsf ]©-a-thZ-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂p. 5. Aiz-ta[ kam-]vXn-bn¬
]Ømw \mƒ Ipd®v ]pcm-WIY tIƒ°-Ww.
6. ]pcm-W-hnZy thZm¿Y-t_m-[-I-am-I-bm¬
thZw Xs∂-bm-Wv. CXymZn {]am-W-ß-fm¬
]pcm-W-ß-fpsS {]mam-Wyhpw Ch-bpsS {]amW-ßfm¬ hn{K-lm-cm-[-\, Xo¿Y-ßƒ, F∂nh-bpsS {]mam-Wyhpw D≠v.
DØcw:-˛ Cu ]Xn-s\´p ]pcm-W-ß-fpsS
I¿Ømhv hymk-\m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Ah-bn¬
C{X-tbsd hnUvVn-Ø-c-ßƒ D≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp∂n-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ imco-cn-I-kq-{Xw, tbmK-imkv{X-`m-jyw, apX-emb hymk-Ir-X-{K-Ÿ-ßƒ
I≠m¬ hymk≥ alm-hn-Zzm\pw kXy-hm-Znbpw
tbmKn- b p- a m- b n- c p- s ∂∂p hy‡- a m- I p- ∂ p- ≠ v .
At±lw CØcw I≈-°-Y-Iƒ Hcn-°epw FgpXp-In-√. ]c-kv]-c-hn-cp≤ k{º-Zm-b-ß-fpsS
Bƒ°mcpw `mK-h-XmZn {KŸ-ß-fpsS cN-bnXm-°-fp-amb Ch-cn¬ hymks‚ KpW-ßƒ
tei-am-{X-t]mepw C√. thZ-imkv{X hncp-≤amb Ak-Xy-hm-Z-ßƒ Fgp-Xp-∂Xv hymk-t\t∏m-ep≈ hnZzm-∑m-cpsS tPmen-b-√. Cu tPmen
hncp-≤-∑m-cpw, kzm¿Yn-Ifpw AhnZzm-∑m-cp-am-bh-cp-sS-bm-Wv.
CXn-lm-kw, ]pcm-Ww, apX-em-bh inh-]pcm-Wm-Zn-I-fpsS t]c-√, ]ns∂tbm {_mlvaWm\nXnlmkm≥ ]pcm-Wm-\n Iev]m≥ KmYm
\mcm-iw-ko-cnXv 127. CXp {_m“-Wß
- f
- n-sebpw
kq{X-ß-fp-sSbpw hN-\-am-Wv. sFX-tc-bw, iX]-Yw, kmaw, tKm]Yw F∂o {_m“-W-ß-fpsS
A©p t]cp-I-fmWv CXn-lm-kw, ]pcm-Ww,
Iev]w, KmY, \mcm-iwkn F∂n-h. CXn-lmkw˛ P\-I≥ bm⁄-h-evIy≥ F∂n-h-cpsS
kwhmZw t]mep-≈-h. ]pcmWw ˛ PK-Zp-Xv]Øn
apX-em-bh
- b
- psS h¿W-\w. Iev]w ˛ thZ-i_
- vZmZn-I-fpsS A¿Y \ncq-]Ww h¿W\ apX-em-bh.
KmY ˛ DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ DZm-l-cn®v IY-Iƒ ]dbp-I. \mcm-iwko ˛ a\p-jy-cpsS {]iw-k-\obhpw A√m-Ø-Xp-amb {]hr-Øn-Iƒ BJym\n-°¬ 128 Ch-bn¬ \n∂v thZm¿Y-t_m[w
D≠m-Ip-∂p.
]nXr-I¿aw AYhm ⁄m\n-I-fpsS {]iwk
tIƒ°p- I - s b- ∂ ¿Yw. Aiz- t a- [ m- ¥ - Ø n¬
CXmWv tIƒt°-≠-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬ hymk-Iramb ]pcm-Wß
- ƒ tIƒ°bpw tIƒ∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂Xv At±-l-Øns‚ Ime-ti-j-a√msX
127. ssXØo-cob Bc-WyIw 2.9.
(B-c-Wy-I-ßfpw {_m“-Wm-¥¿K-X-ß-fm-Wv)
254
128. {ioi-¶-cm-Nm-cy¿ _rl-Zm-c-Wy-tIm-]-\n-j-Zv`m-jyØn¬ (2.4.10) CXn-lm-k-]p-cm-W-ß-fpsS DZm-l-cWw, ]pcq-c-h-kn-s‚bpw D¿h-in-bp-sSbpw kwhm-Zw.
D¿hin A]vk-c-bm-Wv. C{]-Imcw {_m“-W-Øn¬
D≠v. ]pcm-W-Øn-\p-Zm-l-cWw AkZzm CZ-a{K
BkoXv apX-em-bh
- . F∂n-ßs\ {_m“-Wm-¥¿KX-am-bh \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
129. thZ-im-J-I-fp-sSbpw {_m“-W-ß-fp-sSbpw {]hN\w BZy¿jn-bmb {_“¿jn-bpsS Imew apX¬
\S-∂n-cp-∂p. CX-h-km-\n-®Xv IrjvW-ssZz-]m-b\
hymks‚ injy-{]-in-jy-∑m-cpsS Ime-Øm-Wv. C∂v
e`y-amb {_m“-W-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ sFX-tcbw HgnsI-bp-≈h Ah-cpsS {]h-N-\-am-Wv. {_m“-Wßfpw Iev]-kq-{X-ßfpw {]mNo-\hpw A¿hm-No\hpw D≠v. ]mWn-\ob kq{X-Ønse ]pcmW
t{]mt‡jp {_m“W Ievt]jp F∂ kq{Xw
CXn\p sXfn-hm-Wv. (A-[ymbw 4,2,105) emSym-b\
{iuX-kq-{X-Ønse XYm N ]pcmWw XmWvUav
(7,10 10) F∂ kq{Xhpw CXns\ ]pjvSn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. sshbm-I-c-W-∑m-cpsS hymJym-\-{]-Imcw
`m√h, imSym-b-\, sFX-tc-b, `mKp-cn-am¿ {]h-Nn®h ]pcmW {_m“-W-ßfpw ss]MvK BcpW
]cm-P-t{]m-‡w, Iev]-hp-am-Wv. hmevaoIn apX-emb
aln¿jn-am-scbpw hymk-∑m-cm-bm-Wv KWn-®n-cn°p-∂Xv. (hm-bp-]p-cmWw 23 114) Adn-hns\ hykn-®h≥-˛-A-f-∂-h≥ F∂¿Y-Øn-emhmw Cu hymk-_ncpZw. C∂v D]-e-_v[-amb {_m“-W-{KŸ-ß-fnse
{]h-N-\-ß-f-[n-Ihpw {]No\w Xs∂-bm-Wv. hymkin-jy-∑m¿ \ho-\-amb It]m-e-I-ev]n-X-ß-sfm∂pw
\n¿Ωn-°p-hm≥ Bh-iy-amb Kpcp-Xz-tZmjw kzmbØ-am-°n-bn-cp-∂n-s√-∂¿Yw.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
apºv km[n-°p-I-bn-√-t√m. hymk≥ P\n-°p-∂Xn\p apºp Xs∂ thZm¿Yw ]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn∏n-°p-Ibpw tIƒ°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. AXn\m¬ AXn- { ]m- N o- \ - a mb {_m“- W - { K- Ÿ ßsf 129 kw_-‘n®p am{Xta CXv kw`-hy-amhp-I-bp-≈q. \ho-\-amb {ioa-Zv`m-K-hXw inh-]pcmWw apX-emb anYym-`q-jnX {KŸ-ß-fn¬
CXn\p kw`m-hy-X-bn-√.
hymk\pw thZ-hym-k\pw
hymk-a-l¿jn thZw ]Tn-°-bpw, thZm¿Yw
{]N-cn-∏n-°bpw sNbvX-Xp-sIm-≠mWv thZ-hymk-s\∂ t]cn-∂¿l-\m-b-Xv. ]mcm-hm-c-Øns‚
a[y-tc-J-bv°mWv hymk-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
EtKz-Zm-cw`w apX¬ AY¿h thZm¥w hsc ]Tn∏n-®p. ipI-tZ-h≥, ssPan\n XpS-ßnb injy∑msc ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A\yYm At±l-Øns‚ P∑-\maw Irjv-W-ssZz-]m-b-\-s\-∂mbn- c p- ∂ p. thZ- ß sf hymk≥ H∂n- ® ptN¿sØ∂p ]d-bp-∂Xp I≈-am-Wv. Fs¥∂m¬ ]nXm-˛-]n-Xm-a-l-˛-]-c-]n-Xm-a-l¿ Bb
]cm-ic
- ≥, i‡n-hk
- n-jvT≥, {_“m 130 BZn-bmb-h¿ NXp¿th-Z-ßƒ ]Tn-°bpw ]Tn-∏n-°pIbpw sNbvXn-cns° CsX-ßs\ tbmPn°pw?
inh-]p-cm-Whpw a‰pw
tNmZyw:-˛ ]pcm-W-ß-fnse Imcy-ß-sf√mw
I≈tam Iptd-sbms° kXytam?
DØcw:-˛ hf-sc-sb√mw I≈w. Nne-sX√mw
H®n-g™v A£-ca
- m-Ipw-]Sn kXy-hp-am-Wv. kXyam-b-sX√mw thZmZn kXy-im-kv{X-ß-fn-te-XmWv. I≈-sa√mw Cu t]m∏-∑m-cpsS ]g-ºp-cmW-ß-fp-am-Wv. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v, inh-]p-cm-WØn¬ inhs\ k¿th-iz-c-\mbn AwKo-I-cn-®v,
hnjvWp, {_“m-hv, KtW-i≥, C{µ≥, kqcy≥
apX-em-b-hsc inhs‚ Zmk-∑m-cmbn ssih∑m¿ ]cn- K - W n- ° p- ∂ p. sshjv W - h - c m- I - s ´,
hnjvWp-]p-cm-Wm-Zn-I-fn¬ hnjvWp-hns\ ]c-amflm-hmbn KWn®v inh-t\bpw a‰pw Zmk-∑m-cm°p-∂p. tZhn `mK-h-X-Øn¬ tZhnsb k¿thiz-cn-bmbpw inh≥, hnjvWp apX-em-b-h-tcbpw
KtW-i-J-WvU-Øn¬ KtW-is\ Cuiz-c\pw
as‰-√m-h-tcbpw In¶-c-∑mcpw B°p-∂p. CXv
130. Cu Ipe-]-c-ºc alm-`m-c-X-Ønepw a‰pw h¿Wn-®n´p-≠v. ChnsS ]d-bp∂ {_“m BZy¿jn-b-√m-bn-cn-°Ww.
Hmtcm hn`m- K - ° m- c psS {]hr- Ø n- b - s √- ¶ n¬
]ns∂-¥mWv? Hcp km[m-cW a\p-jy≥ D≠m°n-bm¬ t]mepw CØcw ]c-kv]-c-hn-cp-≤-amb
Imcy-ßƒ hcm≥ ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xm-bn-cns° hnZzm∑m-cp-≠m-°n-bm-esØ Imcyw ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√t√m. Ch-bn¬ H∂p icn-sb-¶n¬ at‰Xv I≈w.
c≠m-a-tØ-XmWv icn-sb-¶n¬ aq∂m-a-tØXp
I≈w. aq∂m-a-tØ-XmWv icn-sb-¶n¬ as‰√mw
I≈-am-Wv. inh-]p-cm-W-°m¿ inh-\n¬ \n∂pw,
hnjvWp-]p-cm-W-°m¿ hnjvWp-hn¬ \n∂pw,
tZho ]pcm-W-°m¿ tZhn-bn¬ \n∂pw KtW-iJ-WvU-°m¿ KtW-i-\n¬ \n∂pw kqcy-]p-cmW-°m¿ kqcy-\n¬ \n∂pw hmbp ]pcm-W-°m¿
hmbp-hn¬ \n∂pw krjvSn-bpsS DXv]-Ønbpw
{]f-bhpw D≠m-Ip∂p Fs∂-gp-Xn-bn-´v, ho≠pw
PK- Z p- X v ] - Ø n- b v ° p- f f Imc- W - ß - s f- ∏ ‰n
{]tXyIw {]tXyIw Hmtcm-∂n¬ \n∂m-sW∂v
FgpXn-bn-´p-≠v.
PK-Øns‚ DXv]-Ønbpw ÿnXnbpw {]fbhpw \S-Øp-∂Xv DXv]∂
-- am-hptam F∂pw,
AXp krjvSn-bpsS Imc-W-am-Iptam F∂pw
tNmZn®p t\m°p-I. hmb-S®v Ccn-°p-I-b-√msX
Ch¿°v t]mwh-gn-bn√. Ch-cp-sS-sb√mw ico-c-Øns‚ DXv]Øn CXn¬ \n∂m-I-bm¬ Ch-scßs\ kzico-c-Øn¬ \n∂v ]cn-—n-∂-ambn
kwkm- c - Ø ns‚ DXv ] - Ø nbv ° v Imc- W - ` q- X ambn? IqSmsX PK-Zp-Xv]-Øn-bpw, k¿hYm
Akw- ` - h - a m- b n- c n°pw hÆw hne- £ - W hpw
Bbn-cn-°p-∂Xp t\m°q.
inh-]p-cm-W-Ønse krjvSn
inh- ] p- c m- W - Ø n¬ ]d- b p∂p:˛ F\n°p
krjvSn-°W
- s
- a∂v inh≥ B{K-ln-®p. At∏mƒ
\mcm-bW Pem-ibw D≠m-°n. AXns‚ \Sp°v
Xma-c-tbbpw Xma-c-bn¬ {_“m-hn-t\bpw D≠m°n. k¿h{X Pe-a-b-am-sW∂v {_“mhp I≠p.
Hcp ssI°p-ºnƒ sh≈w-tImcn t\m°n Xncns®m-gn-®p. AXn¬ \n∂v Hcp Ipanf D≠m-bn.
Ipan-f-bn¬ \n∂v Hcp ]pcp-j≥ {]Xy-£-\m-bn.
B ]pcp-j≥ {_“m-hn-t\m-Sv, ]p{Xm \o krjvSn
\S-ØpI F∂p ]d-™p. At∏mƒ Rm≥ \ns‚
]p{X-\-√, \osbs‚ ]p{X-\mWv F∂p {_“mhv
DØ-c-a-cp-fn. CXn-t∑¬ hnhm-Z-am-bn. Znhy-kl{k h¿j-]-cy¥w Cu hnhmZw Ccp-hcpw
XΩn¬ \S-∂p. krjvSn-°m≥ th≠n Rm≥
Ab® Ccp-hcpw XΩn¬ At\ym\yw el-fbpw
255
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
hg- ° p- a m- W t√m F∂v inh≥ Nn¥n- ® p.
At∏mƒ Ah¿°n-cp-h¿°pw a[y-Øn¬ tXtPma- b - a mb Hcp enMv K w D≠mbn h∂p. AXv
s]s´∂v BIm-i-tØ-°p-t]m-bn. AXp-I≠v
Ccp- h cpw B›- c y- s ∏- ´ p. CXns‚ BZnbpw
A¥hpw Adn™v BZyw hcp-∂-h≥ ]nXm-hpw,
Adn-bm-sXtbm km£n-bn-√m-sXtbm hcp-∂h≥ ]p{X\pw Bbn-cn-°p-sa∂pw Xocp-am-\n®v
hnjv W p- I q¿Ω- c q- ] - s a- S pØv Xmtgbv ° pw
{_“mhv lwk- c q- ] - s a- S pØv apI- f n- t e°pw
t]mbn. Ccp-hcpw Znhy-k-l{k h¿j-]-cy¥w
at\m- t h- K - Ø n¬ k©- c n- ® n´pw BZnbpw
A¥hpw I≠n-√. At∏mƒ Xmsg-\n∂v hnjvWpap- I - f nte°pw {_“mhv Xmtg°pw Xncn®p
]pds∏-´p. hnjvWp km£n-bp-ambn hs∂-¶n¬
Xm≥ ]p{X-\m-I-W-at√m F∂v {_“mhv hnNmcn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°th Hcp ]iphpw ssIX-s®Snbpw apI-fn¬ \n∂v Cd-ßn-h-∂p. \nßƒ
FhnsS \n∂v hcp-s∂∂v {_“mhv tNmZn-®p.
Rßƒ Bbncw h¿j-ß-fmbn Cu enMvKsØ
B[mc-am°n k©-cn-®p-h-cn-I-bm-sW∂v Ah¿
]d-™p. Cu enMvK-Øn\v A¥-apt≠m F∂v
{_“mhv Bcm-™p. "C√' F∂v Ah-cp-Øcw
]d-™p. \nßƒ \tΩm-sSm∏w h∂v, Rm≥ Cu
enMvK-Øn-t∑¬ £oc-[mc h¿jn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn°p-Ib
- m-bn-cp-∂p F∂p km£n ]d-bWw F∂p
]ip-hn-t\m-Spw, Rm≥ ]pjv]m-RvPen \S-ØpI-bm-bn-cp∂p F∂p km£n ]d-bWw F∂p
ssIX- t bmSpw BPvRm- ] n- ® p. Aßs\
sNøp∂ ]£w \nßsf icn-bmb ÿm\-sØØn-°m-sa∂v {]tem-`\w \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.
I≈-km£n ]d-bm≥ Rßƒ Xøm-dn-s√-∂mbn
Ah¿. {_“mhv Ip]n-X\
- m-bn, km£n-]d
- b
- m-Ø]£w \nßsf `kva-am°n°fbpw F∂p `bs∏-Sp-Øn. `b∂ Ah¿ km£n ]d-bm-sa∂v
kΩ-Xn-®p. aqhcpw IqSn Xmtg°p bm{X-bm-bn.
{_“mhv sN∂-t∏m-tg°pw hnjvWp lmP-cmbn-cp-∂p. \nßƒ CXn-∂¥w I≠pthm F∂v
{_“mhv hnjvWp-hn-t\mSp tNmZn®p Cs√∂v
hnjvWp ]d-™-t∏mƒ "Rm≥ I≠p' F∂mbn
{_“m-hv. ""km£n-Xcq'' F∂v hnjvWp ]d-™p.
At∏mƒ ]iphpw ssIXbpw, Rßƒ enMvKØns‚ inc- n-em-bn-cp∂p F∂p km£n-]-d™p. At∏mƒ enMvK-Øn¬ \n∂v i_vZ-apb¿∂p \o AkXyw ]d™ sNSn-bm-Wv. \ns‚
]qhv Ft‚tbm a‰p tZh-X-I-fp-tStbm ]qPbv°v
D]-tbm-Kn-°msX t]mIs´; D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂
]£w Ah≥ apSn- s ™m- S p- ß pw, F∂v
ssIXsb i]n-®p. GsXmcp hmbv sIm≠v \o
I≈w ]d-™p-thm, B hmbv sIm≠v \o aew
`£n-°pw. \ns‚ apJsØ Bcpw ]qPn-°msX
t]mIs´ F∂m¬ ]n≥ `mKw ]qPn-°-s∏-Spw
F∂p ]iphn-t\bpw i]n®p I≈w ]d™
\ns∂ Bcpw ]qPn-°n√ F∂p {_“m-hns\
i]n-®n´v kXyw ]d™ \ns∂ k¿h{X ]qPn°s´ F∂v hnjvWp-hn\v hcw \evIn XpS¿∂v
Ccp-hcpw enMvKsØ kvXpXn-®p. AXn-\m¬
{]k-∂-amb enMvK-Øn¬\n∂v Hcp PSm-bp-‡\mb cq]w {]Xy-£-s∏´v tNmZn®p: \nßsf
Rm≥ krjvSn-®Xv temI-krjvSn \S-Øp-hm≥
th≠n-bm-Wv. \nß-sf-¥n\v At\ym\yw hg°n´p?'' Rßƒ kma- { Kn- s bm∂pw C√msX
Fß- s \- b mWv krjv S n- ° p- ∂ - s X∂v Ah¿
tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ PS-bn¬ \n∂v Hcp-cpf `kva-saSpØp sImSp-Øn´v t]mIq, CXp-sIm≠v krjvSn\-SØp F∂v inh≥ Acp-fn-sN-bvXp. CXmWv
IY. krjvSn-X-Øztam ]©-a-lm-`q-X-ßtfm
C√m-Xn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ {_“mhpw hnjvWp-hpw,
alm-tZ-h-i-co-chpw Pehpw Xma-cbpw enMvKhpw
]iphpw ssIXbpw `kva-bp-≠bpw \nß-fpsS
]nXm-a-l-∑m-cpsS Xd-hm-ń¬ \n∂p h∂p hoWXmtWm F∂v Cu ]pcmW cN-bn-Xm-°-tfmSv
tNmZn-®m¬ `wKn-bmbn!
`mK-h-X-Ønse krjvSn
C∆Æw Xs∂ `mK-h-X-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xp
t\m°p-I. hnjvWp-hns‚ \m`n-bn¬ \n∂p Xmac, Xma-c-bn¬\n∂v {_“m-hv, {_“m-hns‚ heXp-Im-ens‚ s]cp-hn-c-en¬\n∂v kzbw-`q. CSXp-Im-ens‚ s]cp-hn-ce
- n¬ \n∂v iX-cq-]m-dmWn;
s\‰n-bn¬ \n∂v cp{Z≥. acoNn XpS-ßnb ]Øp]p-{X-∑mcpw Ah-cn¬ \n∂v ]Øp {]Pm-]-XnIfpw D≠m-bn. Ah-cpsS ]Xn-aq∂p I\y-I-Isf
Iiy-]≥ hnhmlw Ign-®p. Ah-cn¬ ZnXn-bn¬
\n∂v ssZXy-¿, Z\p-hn¬ \n∂v Zm\-h¿, AZnXn-bn¬ \n∂ BZn-Xy≥, hn\-X-bn¬ \n∂v
]£n-Iƒ, I{Zp-hn¬ \n∂v k¿]-ßƒ. kc-abn¬ \n∂v izm\∑mcpw Idp-\-cn-I-fpw, BZn-bmbh D≠m-bn. a‰p kv{XoI-fn¬ \n∂v B\, IpXnc, H´-Iw, Igp-X, Fcp-a, ]p√v, apf, apƒa-cßƒ
apX-em-b-hbpw D≠m-bn.
sIm≈mta! sIm≈mw. F¥p-]-d-bm-\mWv
256
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
`mK-h-X-I¿Øm-hmb Pev]-in-tcm-atW! Cßs\-bp≈ I≈°-Y-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bp-≠m-°p-hm≥
\nßƒ°v i¶tbm e÷tbm C√m-Xm-bn-t∏mb- t √m. sImSpw Ipcp- S - \ m- b n- Ø o¿∂- t √m.
kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m-cpsS ctPm-ho-cy-kw-K-a-Øm¬
a\p-jy-cp-≠m-Ipw. ]t£ Cuiz-cs‚ krjvSn{I-aØ
- n\p hncp-≤a
- mbn ]ip, ]£n, k¿∏w apXem- b h Ft∏m- s g- ¶ nepw D≠m- I ptam?
B\bv°pw H´- I - Ø n\pw knwl- Ø n\pw
]ń°pw IgpXbv ° pw hr£m- Z n- I ƒ°pw
kv{XobpsS K¿`m-i-b-Øn¬ hf-cm≥ ÿe-sahnsS? knwlm-Zn-Ifpw a‰p-ap-≠mbn A—-\-Ωamsc Xn∂p If-bm-™-sX¥v? a\p-jy-i-co-cØn¬ \n∂v ]ip arKm-Zn-Iƒ D≠m-hp-I-sb-∂sX-ßs\ kw`-hy-amIpw? CØ-c°
- m-cp-≠m-°nb
alm Akw-`-hy-ß-fmb eoe-I-fn¬ C∂pw
temI-sc-ºmSpw IpSp-ßn-°-d-ßn-°-gn-bp∂Xv
k¶Sw Xs∂. Cu alm-I-≈-ßƒ Cu t]m∏∑mcpw AI-°Æpw ]pdw IÆpw s]mńb AhcpsS injy-∑mcpw tI´p hniz-kn-°p-∂p-≠mhptam Ft¥m? Ch¿ a\p-jy-cmtWm a‰p h√Xp-amtWm F∂v B›-cy-s∏-Sp-I-X-s∂-th-Ww.
Cu `mK- h - X mZn ]pcm- W - ß - f p- ≠ m- ° n- b - h ¿
D≠mb DSs\ K¿`-Øn¬ h®v Ae-kn-t∏m-Im™- s X- ¥ mWmthm? AYhm P\n- ® - t ∏mƒ
Xs∂ acn- ° m- ™ - s X¥v ! Fs¥- ∂ m¬ Cu
t]m∏- ∑ m- c n¬ \n∂v c£s∏- ´ n- c p- s ∂- ¶ n¬
Bcym-h¿Ø-tZiw ZpxJ-ß-fn¬ \n∂v ap‡-amIp-am-bn-cp-∂p.
krjvSn-{I-a-Øn\v hncp≤w Akm[yw
tNmZyw:˛ CXn-sem∂pw sshcp≤yw C√.
A∂∂p I≠- X ns\ hmgvØp- ∂ - h ¿
\mbvt°mew sIń-Ip-cb
- v°p∂p Ft∂-bp-≈q.
131. "]pfp' a[y-tI-c-f-Ønse Hcp {]tbm-K-am-Wv. CXn\v
Hcp-Zm-l-cWw ]d-bmw. ""Rm≥ \Zn-°-c-bn¬ sN∂t∏mƒ ]mew XI¿∂p hoWn-cp-∂p. A°-c-sbØm≥ Hcp am¿Khpw I≠n-√. hnj-an®v Aßpanßpw t\m°p-tºmƒ Hcp a[p-c-°n-g-ßn≥ h≈n
I≠p. AsX-SpØv \Zn-°-c-bn¬ \´p. DSt\ a[p-c°n-gßp hf¿∂p. hf¿∂v hf¿∂v \Zn-bpsS apI-fneqsS A°-c-sb-Øn, AXns‚ ]pdØp IqSn \S∂v
C°-c-sb-Øn. B a[p-c-°n-gßv apdn-®p-sIm≠v
t]mcm-™-sX-¥m-sW∂p tNmZn-°-cp-Xv.
A°scsN∂v apdn-®m¬ C°sc Fßs\ ho≠pw
hcpw? AXpw t]mIs´ F¥p `mc-am-bn-cn-°p-a-Xn\v!
Fßs\ Npa∂p sIm≠p hcpw?'" CXmWv ]pfp
(ln-µn-˛-K∏v)
hnjvWp-hns\ kvXpXn-°m≥ XpS-ßn-bm¬
hnjv W p Cuiz- c ≥, a‰p- ≈ - h ¿ Zmk- ∑ m¿.
inhs‚ KpW-Km\w XpS-ßn-bm¬ inhs\
Cuiz-c\pw CX-csc In¶-c-cp-am-°pw. k¿thiz-cs‚ amb-bn¬ F¥pw \S-°pw. a\p-jy\n¬ \n∂v arK-ß-fp-sSbpw DXv]Øn Cuizc\v sNøm-hp-∂-tX-bp-≈q. Imc-W-an-√msX
kz¥w amb-bn¬ \n∂v krjvSn D≠m-°n-bXp
ImWq. CXn-se-¥mWp Akw-`hyw? sNøm\n-—n-°p-∂-sXt¥m AXp sNbvXn-cn-°pw.
DØcw:˛ km[p-a-\p-jytc! A∂-∂p-I-≠Xns\ hmgvØn Ipc-bv°p∂ \mbvtImew sI´p∂-h¿, hmgvØp-∂-hs\ hen-b-h-\mtbm a‰p-≈hsc sNdn-b-h-cmtbm I≠v sNdn-b-hsc \nµn°p- ∂ n- √ . hmgv Ø p- ∂ - h s\ F√m- h - c p- t Sbpw
]nXm-hm-°p-∂p-an-√. \nßƒ kvXpXn-]m-T-I-tc°mfpw hnZq-j-I-tc-°mfpw A[nIw ]pfp 131
hNn-°p-∂-h-cmtWm A√tbm? ]n∂m-se-Iq-Snhm-t\mfw ]pI-gvØp-∂-hcpw hntcm-[-ap-≈-hsc
CI- g v Ø p- ∂ h- c p- a t√ \nßƒ? \nßƒ°v
kXyhpw [¿ahpw sIms≠¥p {]tbm-P\w?
\nßƒ°v \nß- f psS kzm¿YX sIm≠t√
{]tbm-P-\-ap≈q? amb a\p-jy-\n¬ am{Xta
D≠m-Im≥ hbv°q. NXn-b\pw I≈-\p-am-b-h\t{X ambm-hn. k¿th-iz-c-\n¬ NXnbpw Im]Sy-hp-an-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v ambm-hn-b-√. BZn-krjvSn-bn¬ Iiy-]-t‚bpw `mcy-am-cp-sSbpw ]£nar-Km-Zn-Ifpw k¿∏-hr-£m-Zn-Ifpw D≠m-sb-¶n¬
Cs∂-¥p-sIm≠v Aßs\ k¥m-\-ß-fp-≠m-Ip∂n√? t\ctØ Fgp-Xn-h-∂-Xp-t]mse Xs∂bmWv icn-bmb krjvSn-{I-aw. 132
`mK-h-X-Im-c\p ]‰nb Aafn
`mK-h-X-Im-c\v Aafn ]‰n-t∏m-b-Xm-sW∂v
A\p-am-\n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. iX-]-Y-{_m-“-WØn¬ XkvamXv Imiy]y Cam {]Pmx 133
Fs∂-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. Iiy]x IkvamXv ]iytIm
`h-XoXn ˛ ImWp-∂-h-\m-I-sIm≠v Iiy-]s\∂p t]cmbn F∂p \ncp- ‡ n. krjv S nI¿Øm-hmb k¿th-iz-cs‚ t]cv Iiy-]≥
F∂m-bXv ]iy-I\
- m-bX
- p-sIm-≠m-Wv. AXm-bXv
]iy-\oXn ]iyx ]iy-Gh ]iyIx (Im-gvN-
257
132. F´mw kap-√mkw t\m°p-I.
133. Xkvam-Zmlpx kcv∆mx {]Pmx Imiy] 7.5.1.5.
134. alm-`mjyw 3.1.123.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
°m-c≥ ImWp-∂-h≥. ImWp-∂-h-\t{X ]iyI≥) {à-c-ln-X-\mbn kIe Ncm-N-c-P-K-Øn-t\bpw, kIe Pohm-flm°ƒ, Ah-cpsS I¿a-ßƒ
kI-e-hn-Zy-Iƒ F∂n-h-tbbpw A∆Æw Xs∂
ImWp-∂h≥ F∂¿∞w. alm-`mjyØnse
BZy¥ hn]-cy-bm-› 134 F∂ hN-\-{]-Im-chpw, BZy- £ cw Ah- k m- \ hpw Ah- k m\
h¿Ww BZyhpw h∂v ]iy-I-\n¬ \n∂v Iiy]≥ D≠m-Ip-∂p. CXn-∂¿∞w a\- n-em-ImsX
I©m-hn≥ IpSp-°-bpsS el-cn-bn¬, kz¥w
P∑w krjvSn-hn-cp≤ Imcy-ßƒ ]d-bm≥ sNeh-gn-®p.
am¿°-WvtUb ]pcm-a-Ønse Zp¿§m ]mTØn¬ tZh-∑m-cpsS ico-c-Øn¬ \n∂p-≠mb
tXP- n¬ \n∂v tZhn D≠mbn aln-jm-kp-cs\
sIm∂p Fs∂-gp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-t]mse
c‡-_o-Ps‚ ico-c-Ønse Hmtcm Xp≈n-t®mc
\neØp hogp-tºmgpw Hmtcm c‡-_o-P-∑m-cp≠mbn PKØv Ah-cm¬ \nd-s™-∂pw, cp[n-c\-Zn-sbm-gp-In-sb∂pw a‰pw Ht´sd ]pfp FgpXn
\nd- ® n- ´ p- ≠ v . c‡- _ o- P - ∑ m- s c- s °m≠v PKsØ√mw \nd-™-t∏mƒ tZhnbpw tZhn-bpsS
knwlhpw ssk\yhpw Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp∂p?
tZhn-bn¬ \n∂v Zqsc-bm-bn-cp∂p c‡-_o-P-∑msc∂p ]d-bp∂ ]£w PK-Øp-ap-gp-h≥ Ah-scs°m≠v \nd- ™ n- c p- ∂ n- √ t√m? \nd- ™ n- c ps∂∂p ]d-bp∂ ]£w At∏mƒ ]£n-ar-KmZn- I fpw a\p- j ycpw Pe- Ø nse apX- e bpw
Babpw a’ym-Zn-Ifpw FhnsS ÿnXn sNbvXncp∂p? Hcp ]t£ Zp¿Km-]mTw Fgp-Xn-bp-≠m°nb t]m∏ns‚ hoń¬ A`bw tXSn-sb∂v
hnNm-cn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p. I©mhp-e-l-cn-bnse-gp-Xn-°q-ńb CØcw Akw-`-hy-I-Y-I-fpsS
]pfp ]c-º-cbv°v A‰hpw Adp-Xn-bp-an-√.
{ioaXv `mK-h-X-]p-cmWw
C∂v {ioaZv `mK-h-X-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xnse
eoem-hn-em-k-ßƒ tI´p-sIm-≈q. {_“m-hn\v
\mcm-b-W≥ NXp-t«m-Io-`m-K-hXw D]-tZ-in-®p.
⁄m\w ]ca Kplyw ta bZzn-⁄m\ ka\zn-Xav, kc-lkyw XZ-MvK› KrlmW KZnXw
abm 135 {_“mth! \o Fs‚ ]ca Kplyhpw
hn⁄m-\k
- º
- q¿Whpw [¿am¿Y-Im-atam-£ß
- -
fpsS AwKhpw Bb clky ⁄m\sØ
F∂n¬ \n∂p {Kln-°p-I. hn⁄m-\-k-ºq¿Wamb ⁄m\w F∂p ]d-™m¬ ]ns∂ ]c-asa∂ hnti-jWw hy¿Y-am-Wv. Kply-sa∂
hnti-j-WsØ XpS¿∂v clkyw ]p\-cp-‡nbm-Wv. aqe-t«mIw Xs∂ A\¿Y-I-am-bn-cnt°
as‰√mw ]ns∂-¥m-Im\mWv hgn? (`m-K-h-XØns‚ aqew I≈-am-bn-cns° hr£hpw hymPw
Xs∂.) {_“mhn\v hcw \evIn-b-t{X˛ `hm≥
Iev] hnI-evt]jp \ hnaplyXn Icvln-NnXv
Aßv Iev]-Ønepw hnI-ev]-Ønepw krjvSnbnepw {]f-b-Øn-epw˛ Hcn-°epw tamlsØ
{]m]n-°p-I-bn-√. 136 Cßs\ Fgp-Xn-b-Xn\p
tijw tamln- X - \ mbn h’- l h- c Ww
sNbvXp 137 F∂pw Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. CXn-sem∂v
I≈hpw at‰Xv kXy-hp-am-IWw As√-¶n¬
c≠pw If-hm-Wv.
sshIp-WvT-Øn¬ cmK-tZzj Cu¿jym-Zpx-JmZn-Iƒ C√m-Xn-cns° k\-Im-Zn-Iƒ°v sshIpWvT-hm-XnevI¬ h®v tIm]w h∂-sX-ßs\?
t{Im[-ap-≠m-Ip-∂nSw kz¿K-a-√. bPam-\s‚
B⁄ ]men-t°-≠Xv Zzmc-]m-e-I-\mb Pbhn-P-b-∑m-cpsS IS-a-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ k\-ImZn-Isf XS-s™-¶n¬ AXn¬ F¥p sX‰m-Wp≈-Xv. A]-cm-[n-If
- √
- mØ Ch¿°p im]-ta-ev°phmt\ ]mSn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. \nßƒ `qan-bn¬ ]Xn°s´ F∂p i]n-®-Xn-\¿Yw AhnsS `qan C√mbn-cp-s∂-∂m-Wv. BIm-iw, hmbp, A·n, Pew,
IhmSw apX-em-bh D≠m-bn-cp∂ ÿnXn°v Ah
F¥ns\ B[m-c-am°n \n∂p? Pb-hn-P-b-∑m¿
k\-Im-Zn-Isf kvXpXn-®n´v tNmZn®p:˛ ""almfl≥! Rß-sf-t∏m-gmWv C\n Xncn®p sshIpWv T - Øn¬ hcp- ∂Xv ? '' ""alm- h n- j v W p- hns\
kvt\l-]q¿∆w `Pn-®m¬ Ggmw P∑Ønepw
hntcm- [ n®p `Pn- ® m¬ aq∂mw P∑- Ø nepw
sshIp-WvT-Øn-seØmw'' F∂-h¿ ]d-™p. 138
ChnsS Nn¥n-°m-\p≈ Imcyw Pb-hn-P-b∑m¿ hnjvWp-hns‚ `rXy-∑m-cm-sW-∂Xm-Wv.
Ahsc c£n- ° p- I bpw klm- b n- ° p- I bpw
sNtø-≠Xv hnjvWp-hns‚ IS-a-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
sX‰p- s N- ø m- Ø - Ahsc D]- { Z- h n- ° p- ∂ - h sc
in£n-t°-≠Xv bP-am-\s‚ IS-a-bt√? As√-
135. `mK-hXw 2,9,30.
136 Sn. 10.13.14
137. `mK-hXw 3.15.16
138 `mK-hXw 3.15.16
139 Sn 3.17.18
258
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
¶n¬ `rXy-h¿K-Øns‚ ÿnXn F{Xtbm timN\o-b-amIpw? F√m-hcpw Ahsc sa°n´p Ibdpw. Pb-hn-P-b-∑msc {]iw-kn-®v, k\-Im-Zn-Isf
icn°v in£n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p hnjvWp sNtø≠-Xv. AI-Ø p-I-S -°-W -s a-∂-h ¿ iTn- ® - sX¥n\v? `rXy-∑m-tcmSp hg-°-Sn-®-sX-¥n\v? i]n®-sX-¥n\v? k\-Im-Zn-Isf `qan-bn¬ hogvØp-Ibm- b n- c p∂p hnjv W p sNtø- ≠ n- b n- c p- ∂ - X v .
C{Xbpw Acm-P-IXzw hnj-Wp-hns‚ `h-\Øn¬ Xs∂-bp-≈-t∏mƒ, At±-l-Øns‚ tkhI-cmb sshjvW-h¿°v F{X Zp¿±i h∂mepw
A[n-I-am-hp-I-bn-√. ]n∂oSv Ah¿ lnc-Wym£\pw lnc-Wy-I-in-]p-hp-ambn P\n-®t{X! 139
AXn¬ lnc-Wym-£s\ hcmlw sIm∂p. A°Y-bn-ß-s\-bm-Wv˛ `qansb Hcp saØ Npcp-´p∂-Xp-t]mse sXdpØv Xe-bn-Wb
- m°n h®v InS∂p-d-ßn lnc-Wym-£≥. hcm-lm-h-Xmcw [cn®
hnjvWp sImºp-sIm≠v `qansb Db¿Øn. lncWym-£≥ DW¿∂p. Ccp-hcpw XΩn¬ bp≤-ambn. hcmlw lnc- W ym- £ s\ sIm∂p
hogvØn. 140
`qan tKmf-amtWm ]c-∂-XmtWm F∂mcm\pw tNmZn-®m¬ ChnsS DØ-ca
- n-√. Cu ]ucmWn-I¿ `qan-im-kv{X-hn-cp-≤∑m-cm-Wv. `qansb
NpcpńsØ-dpØv Xe-bn-W-bm-°n-bn´v InS-∂-sXhn-sb-bm-Wmthm! {ioam≥ hcmlw Imep-d-∏n®v
HmSn- h - ∂ Xv F¥n¬°q- S n- b mWv ? `qansb
hcmlw sImºn¬ Db¿Øn-b-t∏mƒ, Ccp-hcpw
]ns∂-hn-sS-\n-∂mWv bp≤w sNbvXXv? ]t£
t]m∏-t±lw Fhn-sS-°n-S-∂m-Wmthm Dd-ßnbXv? ]pfp-hns‚ hoń¬ ]pfp-h≥ AXn-Yn-bmbn
h∂m¬ ]ns∂√mw ]p∏p-fp-hm-Wv. ]pfp-hn\v Hcp
Ipdhpw hcn-√m-sb-∂¿Yw.
C\n-bp-≈Xv lnc-Wy-I-in-]p-hm-Wv. AbmfpsS aI- \ mb {]Àm- Z ≥ `‡- \ m- b n- c p- ∂ p.
Ipńsb ]Tn- ° m≥ ]mT- i m- e - b n- e - b - ® p.
thsdm∂pw ]Tn-°msX cma-cma Fs∂-gp-Xn-Øcm≥ A[ym-]-I-tcm-Sm-h-iy-s∏-´p. CXdn™
A—≥ Fs‚ i{Xp-hns\ \osb-¥n\p `Pn°p∂p F∂p tNmZn®v `b- s ∏- S p- Ø n. Ipń
AsXm∂pw hI-h-®n-√. {Ip≤-\mb lnc-Wy-Iin]p Ipńsb Imep-Iƒ sIń ]¿h-X-ß-fn¬
\n∂v Xmtgbv°pw InW-dp-If
- n-te°pw Fdn-™p.
]t£ Ipń°v bmsXm∂pw kw`- h n- ® n- √ .
At∏mƒ Hcp Ccp-ºp-Xq¨ Np´p-]-gp-∏n®v \ns‚
cma≥ Ds≠-¶n¬ Cu Ccp-ºp-Xq-Wn¬ ]nSn-®m¬
s]m≈m-Xn-cn-°pw. ]nSn°v ImW-s´. s]m≈ptam
F∂p {]Àm-Z\p kwi-b-am-bn. At∏mƒ `Khm≥ Xs‚ amb-bm¬ XqWn¬°qSn Ddp-ºp-Isf
hcn-h-cn-bmbn \S-Øn-°m-Wn-®p. AXp-I≠v
{]Àm-Z≥ kss[cyw XqWnt\ Bt«-jn-®p.
s]s´∂v c≠mbn ]nf¿∂ XqWn¬ \n∂v \cknwlw ]pd-Øp-h∂v lnc-Wy-I-in-]p-hns\ hbdp-]n-f¿∂p sIm∂p. {]Àm-Zs\ emfn-°p-Ibpw
hcw tNmZn-°m≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
{]Àm-Z≥ ]nXm-hns‚ kZvKXn hc-ambn tNmZn®p. 141\c-knwlw AXp \¬In-sb∂p am{X-a√, \ns‚ Ccp-]-sØm∂p ]q¿h-X-e-ap-d-°m¿
kZv K Xn {]m]n- ® n- ´ p- s ≠∂p ]d- b p- I bpw
sNbvXp. 142 ]pfp-hns‚ ktlm-Z-c≥ ]pfp-hns\
I≠pthm? `mK-hXw ]mcm-bWw sNøp-Itbm
]mSp-Itbm sNøp-∂h
- c
- n¬ Bsc-sb-¶nepw ]nSnIqSn ]¿h-X-Øn\p apI-fn¬ \n∂v Xmtg-°p-cpń-bm¬ c£-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. Fs√√mw XI¿∂p
Xcn-∏-W-ambn Nmhp-I-tb-bp-≈q. {]Àm-Zs‚
A—≥ Ahs\ ]Tn-°m≥ hn´Xv NoØ-°m-cyamtWm? ]Tn-°m≥ Xøm-dm-ImsX sshcm-Kn-bmIm≥ {ian-®Xv aqV-X-bt√? Np´p-]-gpØ Ccpºp-Xq-Wn-eqsS Ddp-ºp-Iƒ Cg-s™∂pw AXn¬
]nSn® {]Àm-Z\v s]m≈-te-‰n-s√∂pw hniz-kn°p-∂-h-tc-°qSn Aßs\ sNøn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
s]m≈m- Ø - ] - £ w, {]Àm- Z \pw s]m≈n- b ns√∂p Xocp-am-\n-°mw. \c-knw-lhpw sh¥p-
140. Kcp-U-]p-cmWw DØ-c-JWvUw 26.3
259
141. C∂p {]Nm-cØ
- n-ep≈ `mK-hX
- Ø
- n¬ Cu IYbv°p
hyXym-kap≠v. Ccpºp XqWnepw `K-hm-\p-s≠∂p
]d-™-t∏mƒ lnc-Wy-I-in]p AXp shń∏n-f¿s∂∂m-Wv {]Nm-c-ap≈ IY. ChnsS ]cm-a¿in-X-amb
IY AIv_-dpsS a{¥n-bm-bn-cp∂ ss^Pn X¿÷a
sNbvX t]¿jy≥ `mjm `mK-h-X-Øn-ep-≠v.
AXnßs\-bmWv:˛ lnc-\m-Ijv JivaKo ipZx iaiocw _c-Ii
- o-Z h Zcvaymt\ knXqw KcvZm-\oZ JpcvZv
tamcvNx kyml BaZv Akvan-bmt\ knXqw _cv
Ba-Z. A¿Yw: {Iq≤-\mb lnc-Wy-I-in]p hmfqcn.
sNdnb sNdnb Ip™p-dp-ºp-Iƒ XqWn¬ (knXq≥-˛ÿ
mWp ˛Xq-Wv) IqSn \S-°p-∂Xp I≠p. 1934
¬ (G-{]n¬ 26) {]kn-≤s∏SpØnb Bcy-an{X F∂
amkn-I-bn¬ "A·n-{]-Pzn-entX kvXwt` P‹px
t{iWym ]n]o-enIm \ {]ZKv[m ltc-c¤
- X eoebm
F∂ kwkvIr- X - t «mIw ImWmw. CXs‚
aqehpw e`y-a-√.
142. `mK-hXw 7.10.18
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
t]m- I m- ™ - s X- ¥ mWv ? aq∂mw P∑- Ø n¬
sshIp-≠-Øn¬ Xncn-s®-Øp-sa∂ hcw \evInbXv k\-Im-Zn-I-fm-W-t√m. C°mcyw \nß-fpsS
\mcmbW≥ ad-∂p-t]mtbm? `mK-h-X-Ønse
coXn-b-\p-k-cn®v {_“m-hv, {]Pm-]-Xn, Iiy-]≥,
lnc-Wym-£\pw lnc-Wy-I-in-]phpw \memw
Xe- a p- d - b n¬ Cß- s \- b m- W t√m P∑- { I- a w.
{]lvfm-Z\p ap≥]v Ccp-]s
- Øm∂p Xe-apd D≠mbn- ´ n- √ . ]ns∂- ß - s \- b mWv Ccp- ] - s Øm∂v
]q¿∆ Xe-ap-d-°m¿ kZvKXn {]m]n-s®∂v ]d™Xv? CXp ISpØ sX‰t√? ]n∂oSv AtX
lnc-Wym-£-˛-ln-c-Wy-I-in-]p-°ƒ cmhW IqwÌ¿W-∑m-cmbpw inip-]m-e-˛-Z¥ h{‡-∑m-cmbpw
P\n- s ®- ¶ n¬ \c- k nwlw sImSpØ hcw
Ftßm´p ]d-∂p-t]m-bn. 143 CØcw {]am-Zß
- ƒ
sNbvIbpw tIƒ°bpw sNøp-∂Xv {]am Z-- n-Ifm-Wv, hnZzm-∑m-c-√.
]qX-\, A{Iq-c≥ F∂n-hsc kw_-‘n®
sI´p-IY tI´p sIm≈pI:˛
""ctY\ hmbp-th-tK-\, 144 PKma-tKm-Ipew
{]Xn 145'' Iwks‚ B⁄-{]-Imcw hmbp thKØn-tem-Sp∂ IpXn-csb ]qńb cY-Øn¬ A{Iqc≥ cmhnse tKmIp-e-Øn-tebv°p ]pd-s∏-´p. 146
\mep ssa¬ AI-se-bp≈ tKmIp-e-Øn¬
AkvXa
- n-°m-dm-bt- ∏mƒ FØn-t®¿∂p. 147 `mKhXI¿Øm-hn\p Np‰pw IpXnc HmSp-I-bm-bncpt∂m Ft¥m. hgn-sX‰n A{Iq-c\pw kmcYnbpw IqSn `mK-hX I¿Ømhns‚ hoń¬ h∂p
InS∂v Dd-ßn-t∏m-b-Xm-Im\pw aXn. ]qX-\-bpsS
ico-cØ
- n\v Bdp tImiw hoXnbpw hf-sc-tbsd
Db-chpw D≠m-bn-cp-s∂-s∂-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. 148
aYp-cbv°pw tKmIp-e-Øn\pw CSbv°v {ioIrjvW≥ Ahsf sIm∂n-´p. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬
aYp-cbpw tKmIp-ehpw sRcn-™-a¿∂n-´p-≠mhpw. Iq´-Øn¬ CsX-gp-Xnb t]m∏s‚ hoSpw!
CXp-t]mse APm-an-fs‚ IYbpw hnNn{Xw
Xs∂. \mc-Z≥ ]d-™-Xp-sIm≠v Xs‚ Ipń°v
\mcm-b-W≥ F∂p t]cn-´p. acn-°m-dm-b-t∏mƒ
]p{Xs\ hnfn- ® p. At∏mƒ \mcm- b - W ≥
NmSnhoWt{X. 149 \mcm-b-W\v Xs∂-b-√, aIs\-bmWv hnfn-°p-∂-sX∂ Abm-fpsS A¥xI- c - W - Ø nse `mhw Adn- h n- √ m- b n- c pt∂m?
CXmWv \ma amlm-flysa-¶n¬ C°m-eØpw
\mcm-b-W-P]w P]n-°p-∂-h-cpsS ZpxJ-ßƒ
AI-‰p-hm≥ \mcm-b-W≥ h∂p-tN-cm-Ø-sX¥mWv? Imcyw icn-bm-sW-¶n¬ \mcm-bW
\mcm- b W F∂p P]n®v XS- h p- I m¿ F¥psIm≠v hnap-‡-cm-Ip-∂n√?
CXp-t]mse tPymXnx-im-kv{X-Øn\p hncp-≤am-bmWv kpta-cp-]¿h-X-Øns‚ hep∏w FgpXn-bn-´p-≈Xv {]nb {hX-cm-Pm-hns‚ cY-N{Iw
D≠m-°nb Ipgn-bmWv kap-{Zw. `qan°v \mev]sØm-ºXp tImSn-tbm-P\ Np‰-f-hp≠v F∂nßs\ `mK-hX
- Ø
- n¬ Fgp-Xn-h®
- n-´p≈ ]pfp-hn\v
150
A¥-an-√.
`mK-h-X-Im-c-\mb t_m_-tZ-h≥
t_m_-tZ-h-s\-∂-bm-fmWv `mK-hXw Fgp-Xnb-Xv. 151 Ct±-l-Øns‚ ktlm-Z-c-\mWv KoXtKm-hn-µ-Im-c-\mb Pb-tZ-h≥. {ioa-Zv`m-K-h-X-]pcmWw Rm≥ cNn-®-Xm-sW∂v t_m_-tZ-h-s\gp-Xnb "lnam{Zn' 152 F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ ImWmw.
Cu teJ-\-Øns‚ aq∂q Xmfp-Iƒ Fs‚ ]°ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xn¬ H∂v \jvS-s∏-´p-t]m-bn.
AXnse t«mI-ß-fn¬ D≠m-bn-cp∂ Bibw
c≠p t«mI-ßf
- m°n Fgp-Xp-∂p. IqSp-Xe
- d
- n-bm≥
B{K-l-ap-≈-h¿ lnam{Zn F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬
t\m°p-I.
1. lnam-t{Zx- k-Nn-h-kymcvtY kqN-\m-{InbtXf[p\m kv I ‘mf[ymb IYm\mw N
bXv{]-amWw kam-kXx
2. {ioa-Zv`m-K-hXw \ma ]pcmWw N atb-cnXav hnZpjm t_m_-tZ-th\ {ioIr-jvWky
143. `mK-hXw 7.1.
144 Sn 10.39.38
145 Sn 10 38 24
146 Sn 10. 38.1
147 10.38.24
148 10.6.4. {XnK-hyqXn (K-hyqXn 2 tImiw)
149 Sn. 6.1.29.30)
260
150. `mK-hXw 5.16,7, 5, 16, 2, 5,20. 38˛¬ 50 tImSn
F∂mWp≈Xv.
151. \oe-IW
- vTI
- r-Xa
- mb tZho-`m-Kh
- X SoI-bpsS apJ-hrc-bn¬ hnjvWp-`m-K-hXw t_m]-tZh IrX-anXn
hZ¥n F∂m-Wv. jmP-lms‚ ka-Im-en-I\
- mb
Iho-{µm-Nm-cys‚ ]pkvXI kqNo ]{X-Øn¬
(_-tdm-U-bn¬ A®-Sn-®-Xv) t_m] tZh IrX-amb
`mK-hXw F∂p ImWp-∂p-≠v.
152. CXn\v lcn-eo-em-arXw F∂pw t]cp≠v
153. A®-Sn® lcn-eo-em-ar-X-Øn¬ 11-˛mw t«mIw
10˛matØ-Xm-Wv.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
btim- \ zn- X - a v . AXm- b Xv cmP- k - N n- h - \ mb
lnam{Zn t_m_-tZh ]WvUn-X-t\mSv Cßs\
]d™p:˛ ""F\n°v \nß-fp-≠m-°nb `mK-hXw
apgp-h\pw tIƒ°m≥ ka-b-an-√. AXn-\m¬
kw£n]vX kqN-\m-t«m-I-ß-fm°n Fgp-Xp-I.
AXn¬ \n∂v `mK-hX
- Ø
- ns‚ Npcp°w F\n°p
a\- n- e m- ° m≥ Ign- b - W w.'' AX- \ p- k - c n®v
t_m_-tZ-h≥ \n¿Ωn® kw£n-]vX-t«m-I-ßƒ
Xmg Fgp-Xp-∂ p. \jvS -s ∏-´ p-t ]mb Xmfn¬
]Øp t«mI-ß-fm-Wp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. ]Xn-s\m∂m-a-tØ-Xv 153 apX¬ Fgp-Xmw.
11. t_m[-b¥oXn ln{]mlpx {ioa-Zv`m-KhXw ]p\x, ]© {]iv\mx iu\-Iky kqXkym-t{Xm-Øcw {Xnjp
12. {]iv\m-h-Xm-ctbm ss›h hymkky
\ncvhrXnx IrXmXv \mc-Z-kym{X tlXq‡nx
{]Xo-XycvY kzP-∑ -N.
13. kp]vXLv\w t{ZmWy-`n-`-h-kvX-Z-kv{XmXv ]m-WU
v hm h\-a.v òjvaky kz ]Z-{]m]vXnx
IrjvWky Zzmcn-Im-Kax
14. t{imXpx ]co- £ ntXm P∑ [rX- c mjv{Sky \ncvKax, IrjvW acvXy XymK-kqNm
XXx ]mcvY alm ]Yx
15. CXy-jvSm-Z-i`nx, ]mssZ-c-[ym-bmcvYx
{IamXv kv a rXx, kz]- c - { ]- X n- _ - t ‘m\w
kvôXw cmPyw Plu \r]x
16. CXn sshcmt⁄m Zmcv t Vym‡u
t{]m‡m {ZuWn Pbm- Z b CXn {]Ya
kvI‘x 154
C{]- I mcw ]{¥≠p kv I ‘- ß - f p- s Sbpw
kw£n]vXw t_m_-tZ-h≥ \n¿an®v lnam{Zn
a{¥n°p sImSp-Øp. hnkvX-cn-®-dn-bm-\m-{K-l-ap≈-h¿ lnam{Zn F∂ {KŸw t\m°p-I. CXpt]m-se-bmWv CXc ]pcm-W-ß-fp-sSbpw IY154. ae-bmf `mK-h-X-Ønse 1˛mw kvI‘-Øns‚
kw£n-]vX-hp-ambn henb A¥-c-an-√.
155. alm-`m-cXw k`m-]¿hw 41-˛mw A[ym-b-Øn¬
inip-]m-e-h-[-{]-I-cWw t\m°p-I. `mK-h-X-Ønepw
a‰p ]pcm-W-ß-fnepw ]d-™n-´p≈ ZpjvI¿Ω-ßƒ
h√Xpw sNbvXn-´p-s≠-¶n¬ inip-]m-e≥ sNbvX
tZmjm-tcm-]-W-ß-fnepw Ah hn´p-I-f-bp-I-bn-√m-bncp-∂p. ]cn-`m-j-Is‚ "tbmtK-iz-c-\mb
{ioIr-jvW≥' F∂ {KŸ-Ønse t]Pv 82 apX¬
86 hsc (1-˛mw ]Xn-∏v)
sb-∂-dn-b-Ww. am{X-a√ H∂n-s\m-∂p-a-’-cn®mWv ]pfp-c-N\ \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xpw.
{ioIr-jvWs‚ CXn-lmkw AXyp-Ø-a-ambmWv alm-`m-c-X-Øn-ep-≈-Xv. At±-l-Øns‚
KpW-˛-I¿a-˛-kz-`m-h-ßƒ B]vX-]p-cp-j-∑m-cp-tSXn-t\mSp ka-hp-am-Wv. BPo-h-\m¥w bmsXmcp
Zpjv I ¿ahpw {ioIr- j v W ≥ sNbv X - X mbn
AXn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-ń-√. 155 F∂m¬ `mK-h-X-Imc-\m-Is
- ´, A\p-Nn-Xa
- mb Xmt¥m-∂n-Øß
- f
- mWv
{ioIr-jvW-\n¬ Btcm-]n-®n-´p-≈-Xv. ]mepw
Xbncpw shÆbpw tamjvSn-°p-I, Ip_vP-bmb
Zmkn-bp-ambn kam-Ka
- w, ]c-kv{Xo-If
- p-ambn cmk{IoU apX-emb anYym-tZm-j-ßƒ {ioIr-jvW\n¬ Npa-Øp-∂p. CXp hmbn-°p-Ibpw tIƒ°pIbpw sNøp∂ A\y-a-X-°m¿ {ioIr-jvWs\
hf- s c- t bsd \nµn- ° p- ∂ p. Cu `mK- h Xw
t]mep≈ {KŸ- ß - f n- √ m- b n- c p- s ∂- ¶ n¬
{ioIrjvW kZr-iy-cm-b alm-flm-°sf Fßs\-bmWv \nµn-°m≥ Ign-bpI?
inh-]p-cm-W-Øn¬ ]{¥≠v tPymXn¿en-MvKßsf-∏‰n Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. AXp XnI®pw Akw`-hy-am-Wv.- tPym-Xn¿enMvKßsf∂ t]cv. teiam{Xw t]mepw tPymXn- n-√. cmhn¬ hnf-°ns√-¶n¬ Cu enMvK-ßƒ ImWm-\m-hp-I-bn-√.
Cu eoem hnt\m-Z-ß-sf√mw t]m∏-∑m-cp-tS-XmWv.
]pcm-W-ß-fpsS {]tbm-P\w
tNmZyw:˛ thZ-]-T-\-Øn\v kma¿Yy-an-√m-Xmb-t∏mƒ kvarXn-bp-≠m-bn. kvarXn-]-Tn-°m≥
_p≤n- b n- √ m- X m- b - t ∏mƒ imkv { X- a p- ≠ m- b n.
imkv{Xm-`y-k-\-Øn\p Ignhp \in-®-t∏mƒ
]pcm-Wap≠m°n. kv{XoIƒ°pw iq{Z-∑m¿°pw
th≠n-bm-Wn-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬ thZ-]-T-\-Øn\pw
{ih-W-Øn\pw Ah¿°-[n-Im-c-an-√.
DØcw:˛ CXp Xo¿Øpw I≈-amWv. ]Sn°bpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xp sIm≠p
am{Xta kma¿Yy-ap-≠m-hq. thZw ]Tn-°m\pw
tIƒ°m\pw F√m- h ¿°pw A[n- I m- c - a p- ≠ v .
Km¿Kn apXm-eb kv{XoIfpw Omtµm-Ky-Øn¬
]d-bp∂ Pm\-{ipXn F∂ iq{Z\pw sscIy ap\nbpsS ]°¬ \n∂v thZw ]Tn-®p. 156 IqSmsX
261
156. iX-]Yw 14.6.6.8. Om D 4.2
157. t]Pv 126 ¬ D≤rXw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
thZ- ß ƒ ]Tn- ° m\pw tIƒ°m\pw a\pjy¿s°√mw A[n-Im-c-ap-s≠∂v bPp¿thZw 26˛2¬ kv]jvS-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. 157 F∂n´pw Cßs\- b p≈ anYym- { K- Ÿ - ß - s f- g pXn a\p- j ysc
kXy-{K-Ÿ-ßƒ°p- hn-cp-≤-cm°n he-bn¬s]SpØn kz¥w Imcyw km[n-°p-∂-h¿ F¥psIm≠v alm-]m-]n-I-f√?
\h-{K-l-a-{¥-ßƒ
Adn-hn-√mØ a\p-jysc AI-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xn\p th≠n {]N- c n- ∏ n® {Kl- N - { I- ß ƒ
t\m°pI:˛
1. BIr-jvtW\ cPkm (kq-cy-a-{¥w) 2.
Caw tZhm Ak-]Xv\Mv kph-[zav (N-{µ-a{¥w) 3. A·ncv aqcv≤m IIpXv ]Xnx (sNm-∆ma-{¥w) 4. DZv_p-[y-kzmt· (_p-[-a-{¥w) 5.
_rl-kv]tX AXn-b-Ztcym (hym-g-a-{¥w) 6.
ip{I-a-‘kx (ip-{I-a-{¥w) 7. it∂m-tZ-ho-c`n-jvStb (i-\n-a{- ¥w) 8. Ibm-\›
- n{X B `ph
(cm-lp-a-{¥w) 9. tIXpw IrWz-∂-tI-Xth
(tIXp IWvUn-I-sb-∂n-Xn\p ]d-bp-∂p) 158
Ch \h-{K-l-]q-Pm-a-{¥-ß-fm-Wv.
Ch-bpsS icn-bmb A¿Yw C{]-Im-c-amWv:˛
1. kqcy\pw `qanbpw XΩn¬ BI¿j-W-ap-≠v.
2. ctPm-Kp-WsØ kw_-‘n-°p-∂-Xv. 3. A·n.
4. bP-am-\≥ 5. hnZzm≥ 6. hocy-amb A∂w 7
Pew, {]mW≥, Cuiz-c≥ 8. an{Xw. 9. ⁄m\{K-lW
- h
- n-[m-bI
- a
- mb a{¥w. Ch-sbm∂pw {Klß- f psS hmN- I - ß - f - √ . A¿Y- a - d n- b m- Ø - h ¿
A\¿Y-Pm-e-Øn¬ hoWp-t]m-Ip-∂-tX-bp-≈q.
tNmZyw:˛ {Kl-\n-ebv°v ê-sam-∂p-ant√?
DØcw:˛ t]m∏p-I-fn-I-tfm-sSm∏w ê-an-√.
F∂m-semcp Imcy-ap-≠v. kqcyN{µ-∑m-cpsS IncW-ßƒsIm≠v DjvWhpw ssiXyhpw a‰pw
EXp {Ia-a-\p-k-cn®v Ime-N-{I-hp-ambn _‘-s∏ń-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse Ah-\-hs‚ {]Ir-Xn-°-\pIq-etam {]Xn-Iq-etam Bb kpJx-Zp-J-ßƒ°p
\nan-Øa
- mbn Ch-bp-an-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬, t]m∏∑m-cpsS hymJym\w as‰m-∂m-Wv. ""Ahn-Sp∂p
tIƒ°Ww Xncp-ta\n! Imcy-Øns‚ sIS∏v
thsd-bm-W-ßp-t∂. C∂v Aß-bpsS {Kl-\nebn¬ N{µ-s\-ń¬. kqcymZn {Iqc-{K-l-ßƒ
t\m´-Øn-em-Wv. i\n-bpsS Imev c≠-c-s°m√w
IqsS-bp-≠v. alm-hnLv\w hcpw. hoSvhn´v ]ctZ-i-Ø-e-tb-≠n-h-cpw, ]t£ {]Xn-hn-[n-bp-≠v.
P]w, `P-\, ]qP, Zm\w apX-em-b-h-sb√mw \SØ-Ww. {]Xn-hn-[n-bm-√m-Xn-√t∂ ]d-tb-≠q.''
Cßs\ ]d- b p- t ºmƒ t\sc- b ßp tNmZn°Ww:˛ ""FtSm t]m∏®m! \nßfpw Cu {Klßfpw XΩn-se¥m _‘w? CsX¥p hkvXphmWv? DSs\ t]m∏p ]dbpw:˛
ssZhm-[o\w PK-’cvhw a{¥m-[o-\m›
tZhXmx tX a{¥m {_m“-Wm-[o-\m-kvXk
- vamZv
{_m“-W-ssZ-h-X-av.
t\m°q! F¥p {]am-Wa
- m-WnXv! PK-sØ√mw
tZh-X-Iƒ°-[o-\-am-Wv, a{¥-ßƒ°-[o-\-amWv
tZh-X-Iƒ. a{¥-ßƒ {_m“-W¿°-[o-\-hpw.
AXn-\m¬ {_m“-Wsc tZh-X-I-sf∂p ]d-bp∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ a{¥-_-e-Øm¬ GXp tZht\bpw hnfn-®p-h-cpØn Imcy-kn≤n hcp-Øp-∂Xn\v A[n-Imcw Rßƒ°p-≠v. C{]-Im-c-ap≈
a{¥-i‡n Rßƒ°n-√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ \nß-sft∏m-ep≈ \mkvXn-I¿ Rßsf temIØp Pohn°p-hm≥ t]mepw A\p-h-Zn-°-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p.
kXy-hmZn:˛ I≈\pw ZpjvS\pw sIm≈-°mc\pw a‰p-sa√mw \nß-fpsS tZh-X-Iƒ°-[o-\am- b n- c n- ° p- a t√m? tZh- X - I - f mtWm Ah- t cs°m≠v ZpjvI¿a-ßƒ sNøn-°p-∂Xv? Aßs\-bm-sW-¶n¬ \nß-fpsS tZh-∑mcpw cm£kcpw XΩn¬ A¥-c-sam-∂p-an-√. a{¥-ßƒ
\nßƒ°-[o-\-hpw, CjvS-kn≤n \¬Ip-∂-Xp-amsW-¶n¬ F¥psIm≠v
a{¥-ß-fm¬ tZh-X-Isf kzm[o-\n®v cmP-`WvUm-c-ßƒ FSp-∏n®v sIm≠p-h∂v \nß-fpsS
hoń-em°n shdp-tX-bn-cp-∂p≠v B\-µn-°p∂n√? i\o-iz-c\v FÆ hgn-]mSp Ign-∏n-°m\pw
a‰pw F¥n\v Ae-bp∂p? As√-¶n¬ \nß-fpsS
Iqt_-cs\ hi-Øm°n CjvSw t]mse ]Ww
hmcn-°qtS? ]mh-ßsf F¥n\p sIm≈-b-Sn°p∂p?
\nßƒ°v Zm\w \¬In-bm¬ k¥p-jvScpw
\¬In-bn-s√-¶n¬ Ak-¥p-jvS-cp-am-Ip-∂-h-cmWv
kqcym-Zn-{K-l-ß-sf-¶n¬ Ch-cpsS CjvSm-\n-jvSßƒ {]Xy-£-ambn ImWn-°p-I. F´m-an-SØv
158 Ch bYm-{Iaw b÷p 33, 43, 9, 40,3, 12, 15, 54, 26,
3, 19.75, 36.12, 27.39, 29.37
159. ChnsS ao\-®qSpw aI-c-a™pw tIc-f-Øn-te-X-√.
DØ-tc-¥y-bn-te-XmWv hnh-£n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
262
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
kqcy-N-{µ-∑m-cp-≈-bm-fn-t\-bpw, aq∂m-an-S-Øp≈
Bfn-t\bpw ao\-am-k-Ønse s]mcn-sh-bn-en¬
sNcn- ∏ n- S msX aW- e n¬ \n¿Ø- W w. {KltIm]w D≈-hs‚ Imepw tZlhpw s]m≈pIbpw C√m- Ø - b m- f n- t ‚Xv s]m≈m- X n- c n- ° pIbpw thWw. AXp-t]mse Xs∂ sImSpw
ioX-ap≈ aI-c-a-™n¬ 159 shfpØ hmhn≥
\mfn¬ cm{Xn apgp-h≥ ssaXm-\Øv Ccp-htcbpw
\n¿Ø-Ww. Hcm-fn\v XWp∏v ASn-°p-Ibpw at‰bm-fn\v ASn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ {KlØn\v {Iqc-Zr-jvSnbpw kuay ZrjvSnbpw Ds≠∂v
a\- n-em-°mw.
{Kl- ß ƒ \nß- f psS _‘p- ° - f mtWm?
\nßƒ XΩn¬ IØv ˛ Iºn CS-]m-Sp-If
- pt≠m?
AYhm \nßƒ Ah-cpsS ASpØv t]mIpItbm Ah¿ \nß-fpsS ASpØv hcn-Itbm
sNøm- d pt≠m? \nßƒ°v a{¥- i - ‡ n- b p≈
]£w F¥psIm≠mWv cmPm-°-∑mtcm [\mVytcm Bbn-Øo-cm-ØXv? i{Xp-°sf F¥mWv
hiØm- ° m- Ø Xv ? thZ- Ø n- t ‚bpw Cuiz- c t‚bpw B⁄-I-f-\p-k-cn-°msX thZ-hn-cp-≤amb t]m∏p-eo-e-I-fm-Sp-∂-h-cmWv \mkvXn-I¿.
\nßƒ°v Zm\w Xcp-∂-Xn\v ]Icw AXv {KltIm-]-ap-≈-h¿ Xs∂ A\p-`-hn-®m¬ F¥p Xct°- S m- W p- ≈ Xv ? a‰m¿°pw sImSp- ° msX
\nßƒ°p X∂m¬ am{Xta {Kl-ßƒ {]k∂-cmhq F∂p ]d-bp∂ ]£w, tNmZn-°-s´,
\nßƒ
XΩn¬
DSºSn
h√Xpw
sNbvXn´pt≠m? Ds≠-¶n¬ kqcym-Zn-{K-l-ßsf hoń¬ hcpØn sh¥p acn°q!
kqcym-Zn-tem-I-ßƒ PU-h-kvXp-°-fm-Wv.
B¿s°-¶nepw kpJx-Zp-J-ßƒ \¬Im-\p≈
{]hrØn sNøm≥ Ahbv°p Ign-hn-√. F∂m¬
{Kl-Zm-t\m]Pohn-I-fmb \nß-fmWv hmkvXh-Øn¬ {Kl-ß-fpsS hn{K-l-ßƒ. {Kl-sa∂
hm°n- \ ¿∞w \nßƒ°p tNcpw. tb
KrlvW¥n tX {Klmx= "{Kln°p'∂h-bmWv
{Kl-ßƒ. \nß-tf-t∏m-ep-≈-h¿ henb [\hm-∑m-cp-tSbpw cmPm-°∑
- c
- p-tSbpw Zcn-{Z-cp-tSbpw
ASpØv sN√m-Xn-cp-∂m¬ Ah¿ \h-{K-l-ßsf-∏‰n Hm¿°pI t]mep-an-√. \nßƒ km£m¬
kqcy-t‚bpw i\o-iz-c-t‚bpw {Iqc-cq]w [cn®v
Ah-cpsS ta¬ Bth-in-®m¬ ]ns∂ {Kl-Wan-√msX Ahsc hnSp-I-bn-√. \nß-fpsS {KmkØn¬s]-Sm-Ø-h sc \mkvXn-I-s c∂pw a‰pw
]d™v \nµn®p \S-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
t]m∏v:˛ tPymXn-£-Øns‚ {]Xy-£-êw
I≠n-ńt√? BIm-iØ
- n-ep≈ kqcy≥, N{µ≥,
cmlp, tIXp apX-em-b-h-bpsS kwtbm-K-Ømep-≠m-Ip∂ {KlWw t\ctØ {]h-Nn-°p-∂p.
CXv {]Xy-£-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse {KlmZn-I-fpsS êhpw {]Xy-£-am-Wv. Hcmƒ [\hmt\m Zcn-{Zt\m cmPmthm {]Ptbm kpJhmt\m ZpxJn-Xt\m BIp-∂-Xn\p ImcWw
{Kl-ß-fm-Wv.
kXy-hmZn:-˛ {Kl-W-sa∂ {]Xy-£-êw
KWn-X-hn-Zy-bpsS ê-am-Wv. êw ]d-®n-en-t‚X-√. KWn-X-hnZy kXy-am-Wv. êw ]d-®n-em-Is´, kzm`m-hn-I-˛-kw-_-‘-P-\y-am-b-h-sbm-gn-sIbp-≈h If-hm-Wv. A\p-tem-ahpw {]Xn-tem-a-hpambn {àWw sNøp∂ `qan-bp-tSbpw N{µ-t‚bpw
KWn- X - Ø n¬ \n∂v , C∂ ka- b Øv C∂
tZiØv F{X I≠v kqcy-t‚tbm N{µ-t‚tbm
{Kl- W - a p- ≠ m- I p- s a∂v Adnbm≥ Ign- b pw.
kn≤m- ¥ - i n- t cm- a - W n- b nse 160 Cu `mKw
t\m°p-I˛ ""OmZ-bX
- ycvIa
- n-µpcvhn[pw `qanamx''
161
kqcy- k n- ≤ m- ¥ - Ø nepw C{]- I m- c - a p- ≠ v .
kqcy\pw `qanbv°pw at[y N{µ≥ hcp-tºmƒ
kqcy-{K-l-Whpw kqcy\pw N{µ\pw at[y `qan
hcp-tºmƒ N{µ-{K-lW
- hpw D≠m-Ip-sa-∂¿∞w.
N{µs‚ \ng¬ `qanbnepw `qan-bpsS \ng¬ N{µ\nepw hogp-∂p. kqcy≥ {]Im-i-tKm-f-am-I-bm¬
AXn-t∑¬ \ng-sem∂pw hogp-I-bn-√. kqcy-{]Im-itam hnft°m aqew ico-c-Øn-t‚bpw a‰pw
\ng¬ hn]-co-X-ambn hogp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bm-WnsX∂v a\- n-em-°-Ww.
[\m-Vy-t\m, Zcn-{Z-t\m, cmPmthm, {]P-tbm,
\n¿≤-\t\m BIp-∂X
- n\p ImcWw Ah-\h
- s‚
I¿aam-Wv. {Kl-\n-e-b-√. tPymXn-jn-Iƒ {Kl\ne KWn®v kz¥w a°-fpsS hnhmlw \SØn-bn´pw Ah-cn¬ hntcm-[hpw ssh[-hy-hpw,
hn[p-c-Xbpw h∂p-Iq-Sp-∂p. KWn-X-êw icnbm- s W- ¶ n¬ Cß- s \- h - c p- ∂ - s X- ¥ p- s Im≠v ?
AXn-\m¬ I¿a-KXn kXyhpw {Kl-K-Xn-sIm≠v
kpJ-Zpx-J-ßƒ D≠m-Ip-s∂-∂Xv If-hp-am-Wv.
BIm-i-Ønse {Kl-ßƒ `qan F∂nh hfsc
263
160. {Kl-em-Lh N{µ-{K-l-Wm-[n-Imcw 5.4. tKmfm[ymbw {KlW {]I-c-W-Ønepw Cu hnjbw
kn≤m-¥-in-tcm-a-Wn-bn-ep-≠v.
161. kqcy-kn-≤m¥w ˛ N{µ-{K-l-Wm-[n-Imcw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
AIse ÿnXn sNøp-∂p. I¿Ømhpw I¿ahpw
Chbpw XΩn¬ _‘-s am∂pw C√. I¿aw
sNøp-∂Xpw êw A\p-`-hn-°p-∂Xpw Pohmflm-hm-Wv. I¿a-ß-fpsS êw A\p-`-hn-∏n-°p∂Xv ]c-am-flm-hp-am-Wv. {Kl-ß-fmWv êw
\¬Ip-∂-sX-¶n¬, Hcp-h≥ P\n-°p∂ ka-bØv
\mgnI hn\m-gn-I-Iƒ t\m°n \nßƒ PmXIw
Ipdn-°p∂ B \nan-jØ
- n¬ Xs∂ temI-Øn¬
a‰p P\-\-ßfpw \S-°p-∂nt√? Cs√-∂mWv ]dbp-∂-sX-¶n¬ I≈w. Ds≠-¶ n¬ Hcp N{Ih¿Øn°p kam-\-\mbn as‰m-cmƒ Cu temIØp-≠m-Im-Ø-sX¥v? Cu the-I-sf√mw shdpw
hb-‰n-∏n-g-∏n\p th≠n-bm-sW∂p ]d-™m¬
AXp a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
Kcp-U-]p-cmW hna¿i\w
tNmZyw:˛ Kcp-U-]p-cmWhpw I≈-amtWm?
DØcw:˛ AsX Ak-Xy-am-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ F¶n¬ acn-®p-I-gn-™m¬ Pohmflm-hns‚ KXn F¥v?
DØcw:˛ AXv I¿a-Øn-\\
- p-kc
- n-®m-bn-cn-°pw.
tNmZyw:˛ ba-cm-Pm-hpw, Nn{X-Kp]vXs\∂
a{¥nbpw Ah-cpsS Icn-ºm-d-∏¿∆-X-ß-tf-t∏mepf-f In¶-c-∑mcpw Pohs\ ]nSn-®p-sIm-≠pt]m- I pw. ]m]- ] p- W y- ß - f - \ p- k - c n®v \c- I Øntem kz¿§- Ø ntem CSpw. Ah¿°p
th≠n
Zm\- ˛ - ] p- W y- ß fpw
{im≤X¿∏Wßfpw sshX-cWo \Zn IS-°p-∂Xn\p th≠n tKmZm-\hpw a‰pw sNøp-∂p.
CsX√mw I≈-am-Ip-∂-sX-ßs\?
DØcw:˛ CsX√mw t]m∏p-eo-e-bnse ]pfph-Sn-°-em-Wv. a‰p-≈n-SsØ Pohm-flm-°ƒ AhnsS-s®-√p-Ibpw [¿a-cm-Pmhpw Nn{X-Kp-]vX\pw
\ymbw \S-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬, ba-tem-IsØ
Pohm-flm-°ƒ ]m]w sNøp-tºmƒ Ah¿°p
th≠n \ymbw \S-Øm≥ as‰mcp ba-temIw
th≠n hcp-∂p. AXpt]mse `b-¶-c-cq-]-ap-≈h-cmWv ba-In-¶-c-∑m-sc-¶n¬ Ahsc ImWm-ØsX-¥mWv? am{X-a-√, Cu alm-`-b-¶-c∑m-cpsS
Hcp hnc¬ t]mepw hmXn-en-eqsS IS-°p-I-bpan-√. ]ns∂-ßs\ Ch¿ Pohm-flm-hns\ ]nSn®p-sIm-≠p-t]mIpw? h√ s]cp-h-gn-bnepw CS-hgn-bnepw Ch¿ XS-- -s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-≠m-°m-Ø-sX¥mWv? Ah¿ kq£vai
- c
- o-cs
- Øbpw ssIs°m≈p-sa-∂m-sW-¶n¬ s]cpØ icocw t]m∏-∑m-
cpsS hoSp-I-fn-e-√msX as‰-hn-sS-bmWv kq£n°p-hm≥ Ign-bpI? Im´p-Xo-bp-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ Fdp-ºp-I-fpƒs∏-sS-bp≈ Ht´sd Pohn-Iƒ H∂n®p
acn- ° pw. Ahsb sIm≠p- t ]m- I p- ∂ - X n\v
At\Iw ba-`-S-∑m¿ hcp∂ ]£w Ahn-sSsb√mw Iqcn-cp´v hym]n-°p-at√m. Ccp-´Øv Poh∑msc ]nSn-°p-∂X
- n\p th≠n Aßp-anßpw HmSptºmƒ Iq´p-ap-ń. Cu ]¿h-Xm-Im-c-∑m-cpsS Ahb- h - ß ƒ ae- b n- S n™p hogp- ∂ - X p- t ]mse
]dn™p hogpw. AXp Kcp-U-]p-cmWw hmbn°p-∂h
- c
- p-tSbpw tIƒ°p-∂h
- c
- p-tSbpw Xe-bn¬
hoWv Aa¿∂v acn-°pw. As√-¶n¬ hoSns‚
hmXp-°¬ hoWv AS-bp-Itbm hgn-b-S-bp-Itbm
sNøpw. ]ns∂-ßs\ Ch¿ shfn-bn¬ Cd-ßpItbm hgn \S-°p-Itbm sNøpw?
{im≤hpw X¿∏-Whpw ]nWvU-hp-sam∂pw
acn- ® - h ¿°p In´p- I - b n- √ . t]m∏v P n- b psS
ssIbnepw hb-‰n-epta FØq. sshX-cWn IS°p- ∂ - X n\p \¬Ip∂ tKmZm\w 162 t]m∏ns‚tbm Iim-∏p-Im-c-s‚tbm hoń-em-sW-Øp-∂Xv. sshX-c-Wn-bn-te°v ]ip sN√p-I-bn-√.
]ns∂ BcpsS hmep ]nSn-®mWv A°sc IS°p-∂Xv? ]nSn-t°-≠-hs‚ ssIIƒ ChnsS
Zln-∏n®p If-bp-Itbm Ipgn-®n-Sp-Itbm sNbvXncns° F¥p-sIm-≠mWv ]nSn-°p-∂Xv?
Pmńs‚ IY
Hcp sNdnb DZm- l - c Ww ]dbmw:˛ Hcp
Pm´v 163 D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Abm-fpsS hoń¬ c≠p
]d ]mep≈ Hcp ]ip D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. \√
kzmZp≈ ]mev. CS-bv°nsS Cu ]mev t]m∏n\pw
Inń-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. Cu ]ip-hns\ Xń-sb-Sp°m≥ ]ptcm-ln-X≥ B{K-ln-®p. Pmńs‚ hb mb A—≥ acn-°m-dm-hp-tºmƒ Xs‚ ]cn-]mSn
\S-∏n-em-°-W-sa∂v a\- n-ep-d-®p. hn[n-h-im¬
Ipd®p Znh-k-Øn-\Iw hr≤≥ acn-°m-dmbn
izmkw \nev°m-dmbn hr≤s\ \ne-Øn-d°n
InSØn. {]mW≥ t]mIm-dmbn F∂¿∞w. Pmńs‚ _‘p-°fpw an{X-ßfpw Ahn-sS-bp-≠mbn- c p- ∂ p. At∏mƒ ]ptcm- l n- X ≥ ]d- ™ p.
""t\m°q aIt\! Cu ss°- s Im≠v DSt\
tKmZm\w sNøn-°-Ww.'' Pm´v DSt\ Xs∂
264
162. ]tc-Xm-flm-hn\v sshX-cW
- o-\Zn IS-°p-hm≥ {_m“W¿°v tKmZm\w sNøp-∂Xpw \√-Xm-sW∂v
Kcp-U-]p-cm-Ww.
163. DØ-tc-¥y-bnse £{Xnb ˛ I¿j-I-h¿Kw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
]Øp cq]m FSpØv ]nXm-hns‚ Iøn¬ sImSpØn´v ]d™p ""k¶ev∏w sNm√q.'' DSs\ t]m∏v
]d™p ""CXp sIm≈mw. \√ t\c-tºm°v!
A—≥ F∂pw acn-°ptam? Cubh-k-c-Øn¬
\√ ]mep-≈, hb- m-ImØ km£m¬ ]iphn-s\-bmWv Zm\w sNtø-≠-Xv. H∂m-¥cw ]iphns\ Zm\w sNø-Ww.''
Pm´v:˛ Fs‚ ]°¬ H‰ ]ip-t h- bp- ≈q.
AXns\ Zm\w sNbvXm¬ Ip™p-Ip-ń-Iƒ
IjvS-Øn-em-Ipw. AXns\ Xcn-√. Zm Ccp-]Xp
cq]m. CXp-sIm-SpØv \s√mcp Id-h-∏-ip-hns\
hmßn-s°m-≈q.
t]m∏v:˛ BXp-sIm≈mw! A—-t\-°mƒ hepXmtWm ]ip? A—s\ sshX- c - W n- b n- e n´p
IjvSs
- ∏-Sp-Øm-\mtWm `mhw? \√ aI≥ Xs∂!
C{X-bp-am-b-t∏m-tgbv°pw ho´p-Im-sc√mw
t]m∏ns‚ `mKw ]nSn- ® p. Ahsc Abmƒ
t\csØ kzm[o-\n-®n-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. Ct∏mgpw
Ahsc t\m°n BwKyw Imń. F√m- h cpw
tN¿∂v \n¿_-‘n®v ]ip-hns\ t]m∏n\p Zm\w
sNøn-®p. Pm´v At∏mƒ Hc-£cw an≠n-bn-√.
A—≥ acn-®p. t]m∏v ]ip-hn-s\bpw InSm-hns\bpw ]m¬ Id-°p∂ tem´m klnXw hoń¬
sIm≠p-t]m-bn. Xncn-®p-h∂v ivaim-\Ø
- n¬ arXtZlw sIm≠p-t]mbn kwkvI-cn-∏n-®p., AhnsSbpw Aev ] - k zev ] w eoe- I - f m- S n. ]n∂oSv
k]nWvUn apX-em-bh \S-Øn®pw Ipsd ]Ww
ASn-s®-Sp-Øp. alm-{_m-“-Wcpw hb-dp-]n-g-∏pImcpw HØp-IqSn DZ-c-]q-cWw \S-Øn. Pm´v
{Inbbv°p th≠ ]mev Cc∂p hmßn! ]Xn-\men‚∂v cmhnse Pm´v t]m∏ns‚ hoń-se-Øn.
Idh Ign™v Xs‚ tem´mbpw ]m¬∏m-{Xhpw
FSpØv t]m∏v hcp-tºm-gmWv Pm´v sN∂-Xv.
Abmsf th≠-hÆw kev°-cn-®n-cp-Øn.
Pm´vv:˛ Ahn-S∂pw Ccp-∂ms´
t]m∏vv:˛ ]mev hoń¬ h®n´p hcmw.
Pm´vv:˛ th≠. Cßp X∂m-s´. t]m∏v ]m¬∏m{X-hp-ambn Pmńs‚ apºn¬ Ccp-∂p.
Pm´vv:˛ \nßƒ alm I≈-\m-Wv.
t]m∏vv:˛ F¥p I≈w ]d™p?
Pm´vv:˛ F¥n-\mWv ]ip-hns\ hmßn-®Xv
t]m∏vv:˛ \nß-S-—\p sshX-cWn IS-°p-∂-
Xn\v
Pm´vv:˛ icn ]ns∂-¥mWv \nßƒ ]ip-hns\
sshX- c - W n- b psS Ic- b v s °- Ø n- ° m- ™ Xv ?
Rm≥ \nßsf hniz-kn®v X∂p. \nß-f-Xns\
hoń¬ sIń-bn-´p.. F‚-—≥ sshX-c-Wn-bn¬
F{X Ihn-ƒ IpSn-s®-∂m¿°-dnbmw?
t]m∏vv:˛ C√n-√. Cu Zm\-Øns‚ ]pWy-{]`mhw as‰mcp ]ip-hmbn At±-lsØ A°sc
FØn-®n-´p-≠v.
Pm´vv:˛ sshX-cWn \Zn Chn-sS-\n-s∂{X ZqscbmWv? GXp Zn°n-em-WXv?
t]m∏vv :˛ Dulw ]d-™m¬, ChnsS \n∂v
ap∏Xp tImSn hnfn-∏mSp Zqsc-bm-Wv. Fs¥∂m¬ \mev]-sØm-ºXp tImSn tbmP-\-bmWp
`qan. sX°v \ncrXn tImWn-emWv sshX-cWn
\Zn.
Pm´vv :˛ C{X Zqsc \nß-f-b® IØnt\m
Iºnt°m DØcw Inń- b n- ´ pt≠m? AhnsS
]pWy-Øns‚ ]ip D≠m-sbt∂m C∂mcv A°sc-sb-Øn-sbt∂m h√ hnh-chpw Inń-bn-´p-s≠¶n¬ ImWn-°pI
t]m∏vv:˛ Fs‚ ]°¬ Kcp-U-]p-cm-W-Ønse
{]am-W-a-√msX ItØm Iºn-°mtem H∂p-an√.
Pm´vv:˛ Cu Kcp-U-]p-cmWw kXy-am-sW∂v
Rms\-ßs\ Adnbpw?
t]m∏vv:˛ F√m-hcpw hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v.
Pm´vv:˛ Cu ]pkvXIw \nß-fpsS ]q¿∆n-I¿
hb-‰p-]n-g-∏n-\mbn D≠m-°n-Ø-∂-Xm-Wv. A—\v
Xs‚ a°-tfm-S√
- msX a‰m-tcmSpw kvt\l-ap-≠mhp-I-bn-√. Fs‚-—≥ F\n-s°-gp-X-s´. Rm≥
]ip-hns\ sshX-c-Wn-°-c-bn¬ FØn-®p-sIm≈mw. A—s\ A°c IS-Øn-bn´v ]ip-hns\
Xncn- ® p- s Im- ≠ p- h ∂v Id∂v Rm\pw Fs‚
a°fpw IpSn- ® p- s Im- ≈ mw. B ]m¬∏m{Xw
AhnsS hbv°v.
Pm´v ]ip-hn-s\bpw InSm-hn-s\bpw Agn®v
]m¬∏m-{X-hp-ambn Xncn-®p.
t]m∏vv:˛ Zm\w sImSp-ØXv Xncn®p hmßn°tbm? \o apSn™p t]mIpw.
Pm´vv:˛ an≠n-Xn-cn-°v. Cs√-¶n¬ ]Øp ]Xnaq∂p Znhkw ]men-√msX Fs∂ IjvS-s∏-SpØn-b-Xns‚ Ipdhp Rm≥ Xo¿Øp-I-f-bpw.
265
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
At∏mƒ t]m∏v \mh-S-°n. Pm´v ]ip-hns\bpw InSm-hn-s\bpw sIm≠v t]mhp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Cu Pmń-s\-t∏m-se-bp-≈-h¿ D≠mbm¬ temIØv t]m∏p-eoe \S-°p-I-bn-√.
_en-˛-]p-e-˛-k-]nWvUn
]Øp-\mƒ _en-bn´v ]pe-bm-N-cn®p ]{¥≠n\v k]nWvUn \S-Øn-bm¬ ico-c-tØmSv
Bflmhv tN¿∂v AwKp-jvT-am{X ico-cn-bmbn
ba-temIw {]m]n-°p-sa∂v Nne¿ ]d-bp-∂p.
Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ ac-W-k-a-bØv ba-Zq-X∑m¿ hcp-∂Xv hy¿Y-am-Wv. ]Xn-aq∂mw \mfmWv
Ah¿ htc-≠-Xv. icocw D≠m-bm¬ `mcym
]p{Xm-Zn-I-tfmSpw CjvS-an-{X-ß-tfmSpw D≈
tamlw \nanØw Xncn®p hcm-Ø-sX-¥mWv?
tNmZyw:˛ kz¿K-Øn¬, ChnsS \¬Inb
Zm\ta e`n-°q. as‰m∂pw In´p-I-bn-√. AXn\m¬ F√m-hcpw Zm\w sNø-Ww.
DØcw:˛ \nß-fpsS B kz¿K-Øn-t\-°mƒ
\√Xv Cu `qan-bm-Wv. ChnsS [¿a-im-e-I-fp≠v,
a\p-jy¿ Zm\w sNøpw. CjvS-an-{X-ß-tfmSpw
kaq-l-tØmSpw kl-h-kn-°mw. \√-hkv{Xw
DSp- ° mw. \nßƒ ]d- b p- ∂ - X p- t ]m- s e- b mWv
kz¿K- s a- ¶ n¬ Ahn- s Sm∂pw In´p- I - b n- √ .
AØcw \n¿±- b hpw Zcn- { Zhpw {Iqc- h p- a mb
kz¿K-Øn¬ t]m∏v t]mbn ]m¿Øv Zpcn-X-a-\p`- h n- ° - s ´. AhnsS \√ a\p- j y¿°v F¥p
Imcyw?
tNmZyw:˛ \nß- f psS A`n- { ]m- b - Ø n¬
ba\pw ba-tem-Ihpw a‰p-an-s√-¶n¬ acn®v
Poh≥ Ftßm´p t]mIp∂p? \ymbw \S-Øp∂-Xmcv?
DØcw:˛ \nß-fpsS Kcp-U]
- p-cm-WØ
- n¬ ]d™n-cn-°p-∂Xv {]am-W-a-√. F∂m¬ thtZm-‡amb ""bat\ hmbp-\m. kXy-cm-P≥'' 164 apXemb hN- \ - ß - f m¬ ba≥ hmbp- h m- s W∂v
\n›n-X-am-Ip-∂p. icocw hn´ Poh≥ A¥-co£-Øn¬ hmbp-hn-t\m-sSm∏w h¿Øn-°p-∂p.
kXy-I¿Ømhpw ]£-]m-Xc
- l
- n-X\pw Bb ]cam-flm-hmWv [¿a-cm-Pm-hm-b,- k-I-e-cp-tSbpw
\ymb-I¿Øm-hv.
tNmZyw:˛ \nßƒ ]d™ {]Im-c-am-sW¶n¬ tKmZm-\hpw a‰p Zm\-]p-Wym-Zn-Ifpw
sNtø-≠-Xn√ F∂p kn≤n-°p-∂p.
DØcw:˛ \nßƒ C∏- d - ™ Xv icn- b - √ .
kXv]m-{X-ß-fn¬ ]tcm-]-Im-cm¿Yw Zm\w sNøWw. kz¿Ww, sh≈n, cXv\w, apØv, amWn-Iyw,
A∂w, Pew, ÿew CXymZn Zm\w sNømw.
F∂m¬ Ip]m-{X-ß-fn¬ Hcn-°epw Zm\w sNøcp-Xv.
tNmZyw:˛ Ip]m-{X-ßf
- p-sSbpw kXv]m-{X-ßfp-sSbpw e£-W-sa-¥mWv?
DØcw:˛ NXn-b¿, Im]-Sy-°m¿, kzm¿Yn-Iƒ,
hj-bn-Iƒ, Ima-t{Im-[-tem-`-tam-l-ß-fp-≈-h¿,
]c-lm\n sNøp-∂-h¿, eº-S¿, anYym-hm-Zn-Iƒ,
Ahn-Zzm-∑m¿, NoØ-°q-´p-sI-´p-≈h
- ¿, aSn-b∑
- m¿,
\\- ™ nSw Ipgn- ° p- ∂ - h ¿ (X- c p- ∂ - h - t cmSv
ho≠pw ho≠pw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿) \n¿_‘n®v Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿, [¿W sNøp-∂-h¿,
F{X Inń-bmepw k¥p-jvSn-bn-√m-Ø-h¿, ZmXmhns\ \nµn-°p-∂h-¿, i]n-°p-Ibpw NoØ hnfn°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿, At\Iw XhW sImSpØn´v Hcn-°¬ sImSp-°m-Xn-cp-∂m¬ shdp-°p∂-h¿, kw\ym-kn-thjw sIń h©n-°p-∂-h¿,
Ds≠-¶nepw Cs√∂p ]d™v Cc-°p∂-h¿,
kvXpXn ]mSn-bn´v kzm¿Yw t\Sp-∂-h¿, cm]I¬ `n£ bmNn-°p-∂-h¿, £Wn®p hcp-Ønbm¬ I©mhpw a‰p amZI hkvXp-°fpw Ign®v
{Ia-Øn-tesd `£n-°p-∂-h¿. ]n∂oSv D∑-Øcmbn sX‰p-Iƒ sNøp-∂-h¿, kXy-Øn\p hncp≤- a mbn kz¥- X m- e v ] cyw kwc- £ n- ° p- h m≥
Ak-Xy-am¿K-Øn¬ \S-°p-∂-h¿, tbmKysc
Ah-K-Wn®v Xs∂ am{Xw ]cn-K-Wn-°m≥ injy∑msc D]-tZ-in-°p-∂-h¿, kZvhn-Zybv°pw a‰pw
FXn-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂-h¿, PK-Ønse hymh-lm-cnI
hrØn-I-tfm-Sv-˛-kv{Xo-]p-cp-j-∑m¿, amXm-]n-Xm°ƒ, a°ƒ, cmP-˛-{]-P-Iƒ, an{X-ßƒ apX-emb
_‘-ßƒ anYy-bm-Wv. PKØpw anYy-bmWv
F∂p-]-tZ-in®v FXn¿∏p-≠m-°p-∂-h¿ apX-emb-h-cmWv Ip]m-{X-ßƒ.
{_“-Nm-cn-Iƒ, PntX-{µn-b¿, thZmZn kZznZy-Iƒ ]Tn-°bpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿,
kpio-e¿, kXy-hm-Zn-Iƒ, ]tcm-]-Im-c-{]n-b¿,
]pcp-jm¿Yn-Iƒ, DZm-c-io-e¿, hnZym-[¿a-ßsf
165. kΩm-\mZv {_m“tWm \nXy-ap-Zzn-tPX hnjm-Zn-h.
Aar-X-tkyh NmImMv £Z-h-am-\ky k¿hZm
(a-\p-kvarXn 2.162)
164. EtKzZw 10.14.8, AY¿hw 20.141.2, bPq 20.4
(b-Ym-{I-aw)
266
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
\nc-¥cw t]mjn-∏n-°p-∂-h¿, [¿am-flm-°ƒ,
im¥-io-e¿, \nµm-kvXp-Xn-I-fn¬ l¿j-tim-Iß-fn-√m-Ø-h¿, \n¿`-b¿, D’m-ln-Iƒ, tbmKnIƒ, ⁄m\n-Iƒ, krjvSn-{I-aw, thZm-⁄,
Cuiz-cs‚ KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ßƒ F∂n-h-bv°\p-Iq-e-ambn h¿Øn-°p-∂-h¿, \ymb-co-Xn-bp‡cpw ]£-]m-X-c-ln-X-cp-ambn ktXym-]-tZihpw kXy-im-kv{X-ßf
- psS ]T-\hpw ]mT-\hpw
sNøp-∂h
- ¿, Aß-s\-bp-≈h
- sc \nco-£n-°p-∂h¿, B¿°pw kvXpXn ]mSm-Ø-h¿, tNmZyßƒ°v icn-bmb kam-[m\w ]d-bp-∂h
- ¿, Xt‚Xp-t]mse A\ys‚ kpJ-Zpx-J-ßsf ]cn-K-Wn°p-∂-h≥. Ahn-ZymZn t¢i-ßƒ, Zpc-`n-am-\w,
Zpcm-{K-lw, \n¿_-‘-_p-≤n, F∂n-h-bn-√m-Øh¿, A]-am-\sØ Aar-X-Xp-ey-ambpw am\n-°ens\ hnj-Xp-ey-ambpw Icp-Xp-∂-h¿ 165 k¥pjvS¿˛ {]oXn-]q¿hw \evIp-∂-Xns\ {]k-∂-Xm]q¿∆w kzoI-cn-°p-∂-h¿. Hcn-°¬ B]-ev°meØv \evIm-Xn-cn-°p-Itbm \nc-kn-°p-Itbm
sNbvXm¬ ZpxJn-°tbm \nµn-°tbm AhnsS
\n∂v {]Xn-tj-[n-®n-d-ßn-t∏m-Itbm sNøm-Øh¿, kuJy-ap-≈-h-tcmSv ssa{Xn, ZpxJn-X-tcmSv
Icp-W, ]pWym-flm-°-tfmSv B\-µw, ]m]n-ItfmSv Dt]-£ 166 AXm-bXv cmK-tZzjcln-X¿,
kXysØ am\n-°bpw ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂h
- ¿,
\njvI-]-S¿, Cu¿jym-tZz-j-c-ln-X¿, Kwò-cm-ib-cmb kXv]p-cp-j¿, [¿a-bp-‡¿, ZpjvSm-Nm-can-√m-Øh
- ¿, kz¥w icocw a\ v, [\w F∂nh
]tcm-]-Im-c-Øn\p am{Xw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-h¿,
A\y-cpsS kpJ-Øn\p th≠n kz¥w {]mWs\-t∏mepw ka¿∏n-°p-∂-h¿, apX-emb ip`-e£-W-bp-‡-cmWv kXv]m-{X-ßƒ. F∂m¬
£ma- _ m[ apX- e mb B]- X v I m- e - ß - f n¬
A∂w, Pew, hkv{Xw, Huj-[n, A`-b-ÿm-\w,
F∂n-hbv°v F√m Pohn-Iƒ°pw Hcp-t]mse
Ah-Im-i-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
tNmZyw:˛ ZmXm-°ƒ F{X-hn-[-ap≠v?
DØcw:˛ DØ-a¿, a[y-a¿, \nIr-jvS¿, F∂p
aq∂p hn[w. tZi-˛-Im-e-˛-]m-{X-ßƒ t\m°n
kXy-hn-Zy, [¿aw F∂n-h-bpsS D∂-Xn-sb∂
]tcm-]I
- m-cm¿Yw \¬Ip-∂h
- c
- mWv DØa ZmXm°ƒ. kzm¿Y-Xbv°pw Io¿Øn°pw th≠n
Zm\w sNøp∂h¿ a[y-a-cm-Wv. kzbtam a‰p-≈166. tbmK-kq{Xw 1.33
h¿t°m Hcp D]-Im-chpw sNøm-Ø-h-cpw, hy`nNm-cw, aZy-]m\w Agn-™m´w F∂n-hsb Zm\w
sNbvXp t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂-hcpw \oN-Zm-Xm°-fm-Wv. sImSp-°p-tºmƒ A]-am-\n-°p-Ibpw
\nµn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I, kXv]m-{X-˛I
- p-]m{X t`Zsam∂pw Adn- h n- √ m- X n- c n- ° p- I , Imfbv ° pw
t]mØn\pw Isºm-s∂∂ ań¬ hnhm-Zhpw
hg°pw \S-Øp-I, [¿am-flm-°sf ZpxJn-∏n®v
kzbw kpJn- ° m≥th≠n Zm\w sNøpI
F∂nh A[-a-cmb ZmXm-°ƒ sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv.
\n¿W-bn-®-dn™v hnZzm-∑m¿°pw [¿am-flm°ƒ°pw [m\w \evIp-∂-h¿ DØ-a-Zm-Xm-°fpw
Adn-™mepw Adn-™n-s√-¶nepw kz¥w \∑bv°p-th≠n Zm\w sNøp-∂-h¿ a[y-acpw H∂pw
t\m°msX \njv^-e-ambn Zm\w sNøp-∂-h¿
\nIr-jvS-Zm-Xm-°-fp-am-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ Zm\-êw ChnsS e`n-°ptam
AtXm ]c-tem-I-Øntem?
DØcw:˛ F√m-bn-S-Øpw.
tNmZyw:˛ X\ntb e`n- ° ptam AtXm
Bsc-¶nepw Xcptam?
DØcw:˛ êw \¬Ip-∂Xv Cuiz-c-\m-Wv.
I≈\pw sIm≈-°m-c\pw Pbn-en¬ t]mIm≥
C—n-°p-∂n-s√-¶nepw cmPmhv Ahsc Ab-bv°p∂- X p- t ]m- s e- b m- W nXv [¿am- fl m- ° - f psS
kpJsØ kwc-£n®v \evIp-∂-Xn\pw sIm≈°m-cn¬ \n∂pw a‰pw c£n®v kuJy-a-\p-`-hn∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-am-Wn-Xv. CXp-t]mse ]c-am-flmhv
F√m-h¿°pw ]m]-]p-Wy-ß-fpsS ê-ambn
ZpxJhpw kpJhpw tbmPn-®c
- o-Xn-bn¬ \evIp-∂p.
]pcm-Whpw X{¥hpw
tNmZyw:˛ Kcp-U-]p-cmWw apX-emb {KŸßƒ thZ-sØtbm thZm¿Y-sØtbm ]pjvSns∏-Sp-Øp-∂pt≠m?
DØcw:˛ C√. am{X-a√ thZ-Øn\p hncp-≤ambpw hn]-co-X-am-bp-amWv t]m°v. X{¥-ßfpw
Aß- s \- X - s ∂- b m- W v . Hcp- h ≥ Hcm- f ns‚
an{Xhpw a‰p-≈-h-cp-sS-sb√mw i{Xphpw Bbncn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bmWv ]pcm-Whpw X{¥hpw
hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cpsS coXn. ]c-kv]c hntcm[w
D≠m-°p-∂-h-bmWv Cu {KŸ-ßƒ. Chsb
hniz- k n- ° p- ∂ Xv hnZzm- ∑ m¿°p tN¿∂- X - √ .
adn®v Chsb am\n-°p-∂Xv ]ma-c-X-\n-an-Ø-amWv.
267
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
{hXw ˛ D]-hmkw
inh-]p-cm-W-Øn¬ {Xtbm-Z-inbpw Xn¶-fmgvN-bpw, BZn-X y-] p-c m-W -Øn¬ Rmb- d mgv N
N{µm-J-WvU-Øn¬ sNm∆m, _p[≥ hymgw,
sh≈n F∂nh cmlp- t I- X p- ° ƒ°v i\n,
sshjvW-h¿°v GIm-Z-in, hma-\\v ZzmZin, \cknw-l-Øn\pw A\-¥\pw NXp¿Z-in, N{µ-`-Khm≥ ]u¿W- a n, ZnIv ] m- e - I ¿°v Zi- a n,
Zp¿Kbv°v \h-an, hkp-°ƒ°v AjvS-an, ap\nam¿°v k]vXa
- n, Im¿Øn-tIb kzman°v jjvTn,
\mK- Ø n\p ]©- a n, KtW- i \v NXp¿Yn,
Kucn°v XrXob, Aizn-\o-Ip-am-c-∑m¿°v ZznXob, BZym-tZ-hnbv°v {]Y-a, ]nXr-°ƒ°v Aamhkn. ]pcm-Wß
- f
- \
- p-kc
- n®v Cu Znh-kß
- ƒ D]h-kn-t°≠ Zn\-ß-fm-Wv. Cu hmc-ß-fnepw
XnYn-I-fnepw A∂-]m\w Ign-°p-∂-h¿ \c-IØn¬ t]mIp-sa∂v k¿∆{X FgpXn h®n-´p-≠v.
t]m∏n\pw injy-∑m¿°pw sNøm-hp-∂Xv Cu
\mfpI-fn-sem∂pw `£Ww Ign-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibm-Wv. Ign-®m¬ \cIw Xs∂ KXn. A⁄cmb Bfp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bp-≠m-°nb \n¿Wb
kn‘p, -[¿a-kn-‘p, {hXm¿° apX-emb {KŸß-fn¬ {hX-Zn-\-ß-sf-∏‰n ISpØ sshcp-[yß-fp-≠v. DZm-lc
- W
- Ø
- n\v ssih¿ GIm-Zi
- nsb
FXn¿°p-∂p. (ssh-jvW-h-cp-tS-Xm-I-bm¬ )
Nne¿ Zi-an°v D]-h-kn-°p-∂p, Nne¿ ZzmZ-in°pw. F{X hnNn-{X-am-sW∂p t\m°p-I. ]ńWn-In-S-°p-∂-Xn\pw hnhmZw! Cu GIm-Zio
{hXw \S-∏m-°n-b-h¿ XnI™ kzm¿Yn-I-fmsW∂p am{X-a-√, \n¿±-b-cp-am-Wv. Ah¿ ]dbp∂p:˛ ""GIm-Z-iym-at∂ ]m]m\n hk¥n"".
temI-Øn-ep≈ ]m]-sa√mw GIm-Z-in-\m-fn¬
A∂-Øn¬ IpSn-sIm-≈p-∂p-ht{X! BcpsS
]m]-am-W-Xn¬ hkn-°p-∂-sX∂v t]m∏n-t\mSp
tNmZn-°-Ww. Xs‚tbm Xs‚ ]nXm-°≥am-cptStbm F∂v. k¿h-am-\-]m-]-ßfpw GIm-Z-inbn¬ t]mbn IpSn-sIm-≠m¬, A∂sØ Znhkw
B¿°pw Xs∂ ZpJm- \ p- ` hw D≠m- I - c p- X v .
F∂m¬ A\p-`hw Aß-s\-b-√. hni∏pw a‰pw
sIm≠v ZpxJn-°p-∂-Xm-W-\p-`-hw. ZpxJw ]m]^-e-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬ ]ńWn InS-°p-∂Xv ]m]am-Wv.
GIm-Z-io-am-lm-fly-hn-a¿i\w
GIm-Z-in°v henb amlmflyw ]d-bp-∂p-≠v.
CXns‚ IY tIƒ°p∂ ]ecpw h©n-X-cm-bn-
´p-≠v. AXn-semcp IY C{]-Im-c-am-Wv.
{_“-tem-IØ
- n¬ Hcp thiy-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
Ahƒ Ipsd A]m-c-[-ßƒ sNbvXp. Ahƒ°v
Hcp im]w Inń. ""\o `qan-bn¬ ]Xn-°s´"" F∂v.
Ahƒ kvXpXn®v {]m¿∞n®v X\n°v Fßs\
kz¿K-Øn¬ ho≠p-sa-Øm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v tNmZn®p. ""\n\--°m-sc-¶nepw GIm-Z-in-bpsS êw
\¬Ip-tºmƒ kz¿K-Øn¬ FØm≥ Ign-bpsa∂v'' im]-tam£w Inń. Ahƒ hnam-\-klnXw GtXm \K-c-Øn¬ sN∂p hoWp. \obmcmWv F∂v Ahn-SsØ cmPmhp tNmZn-®p.
kIe hrØm-¥-ßfpw Ahƒ ]d-™p. Bsc¶nepw GIm-Z-io-hr-X-Øns‚ êw \evIn-bm¬
F\n°v kz¿K- Ø nseØm≥ Ignbpsa∂pw
Ahƒ ]d-™p. cmPmhv \K-cØ
- nse√mw At\zjn-®p. GImZ-io-{hXw t\m‰ Hcm-sfbpw Is≠Øn-bn-√. F∂m¬ Hcp iq{Zkv{Xobpw Ah-fpsS
`¿Ømhpw XΩn¬ Ie-l-ap-≠m-bn. tZjy-s∏´v
Ahƒ Hcp cmhpw ]Iepw Blmcw Ign-®n-√.
ssZh-KXym A∂v GIm-Z-in-bm-bn-cp-∂p. "Rm≥
Adn-™p-sIm≠v A∂v GIm-Zin t\m‰-X-√.
Adn-bmsX A∂p ]ńWn InS-∂p-t]m-b-Xm-Wv'.
F∂v cmP-`r-Xy-tcmSp ]d-™p. Ah¿ Ahsf
cmPm-hns‚ apºmsI lmP-cm-°n. cmPmhv AhtfmSv hnam\-Øn¬ sXmSp-hm≥ ]d™p Ahƒ
sXm´Xpw hnam\w apI-fn-te-°p-b¿∂p t]mbn.
CXv Adn-bmsX t\m‰p-t]mb GIm-Z-in-bpsS
ê-amWv! Adn-™p-sIm≠v t\m‰m¬ AXns‚
ê-Øn-\-Xn-cpt≠m!! IÆp-s≠-¶nepw ImWmØhtc! \nßƒ°v lm IjvSw! kz¿K-Ønen√mØ Hcp apdp-°m≥ Rm\n-hnsS \n∂-b-®psIm-Sp-°mw. GIm-Zin t\m‰-h¿ Ah-cpsS êw
F\n°p Xc-s´. Hcp apdp-°m≥ taevt]m´p
t]mbm¬ tImSn- I - W - ° n- \ - t ßm- ´ - b - b v ° mw.
\Ωfpw GIm-Zin t\m‰p-sIm-≈mw. CXp \S∂n-s√-¶n¬ hni∂p acn-°p∂ B]-Øn¬ \n∂p
c£-s∏-Sp-I-bp-am-hmw.
268
167. NnßØnse Idp-Ø-]£w apX¬ Bcw-`n-°p-∂p.
Nnßw˛Iman-I, [\-Z, I∂n˛AP-]Zva
Xpemw-˛C
- {- µ, ]m]m-¶p-i, hr›n-Iw-˛c
- a
- , {]t_m-[n\n,
[\p, kwh-’-c-Zo-]-{h-X, tam£Z aIcw ˛k-^-e,
]p{X-Z, Ipw`w ˛ jSvXn-e, Pb ao\w-˛-hn-P-b, Ba-eIn, taSw-˛-]m-]-tam-Nn-\n, Ima-Z. CShw˛cq]n-Wn,
tamln-\n, anYp\w ˛ A]-c, \n¿P-e, I¿°n-S-Iw-˛tbm-Kn-\n, imbn\n, A[n-am-k-Øn¬ hcm-hp∂ c≠v
Ia-e, ImaZ (]-fl-]p-cmWw DØ-c-J-WvUw)
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Hcp sIm√-Ønse Ccp-]-Øn-\mev GIm-Z-inIƒ°pw {]tXyIw {]tXyIw t]cn-ń-´p-≠v. 167
[\-Z, Ima-Z, ]p{X-Z, \n¿Pe Fs∂-√m-am-W-Xv.
At\Iw Zcn-{Zcpw C—m-ep-°fpw Ipń-I-fn-√m-Øhcpw a‰pw GIm-Zin t\m‰v Bbp-s m-Sp°n
C∂pw HSp-ßp-∂p. Ah¿°m¿°pw [\-tam, A`nemj ]q¿Øn-tbm, k¥m-\tam D≠m-bn-√. ao\am-k-Ønse shfp-Ø-]-£-Ønse NqSn¬ Hcp
\mgnI t]mepw sh≈-an-√msX Ign-®p-Iq-´p-hm≥
hnj-aa
- m-bn-cns° {hX-sa-Sp-°p-∂h
- ¿ F¥p ZpcnX-am-W\
- p-`h
- n-°p-∂Xv. hnti-jn®pw _wKm-fnse
hn[-h-Iƒ°v GIm-Zin \mfn¬ ISpØ ZpcnXm-\p-`-h-ß-fm-Wv.
Cu \n¿±-b-cmb Iim-∏p-Im¿°v Fgp-Xptºmƒ a\- n¬ H´pw-Xs∂ Zb-hn-√m-bn-cp-∂p.
\n¿P-ebv°v kP-e-sb∂pw aI-c-Ønse ]p{XZbv°v \n¿P-e-sb∂pw t]cn-ń-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Ipsdsb-¶nepw \∂m-bn-cp-∂p. As√-¶n¬ Xs∂, Cu
t]m∏-∑m¿°v Zb-bp-ambn F¥p _\v[w? Bcp
Pohn-®mepw acn-®mepw t]m∏ns‚ hbdp \nd-b-
168. A\¥m ssh thZmx (ssX {_mx 3.10.11)
169 alm-`mjyw 1.1.1. Cu thZ-im-J-I-fpsS FÆw
IrjvW-ssZz-]m-b\ thZ-hym-k\pw injy-{]-in-jy∑mcpw {]h-Nn-®-h-bp-tS-Xm-Wv. Ahbv°pw {]mNo-\amb imJ-Iƒ tem]n®p t]mbn. Ah-bn¬ Nne-Xnt\-∏‰n {]mXn-im-Jy-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ ]cm-a¿i-ap-≠v.
C∂p≈ sFX-tcb {_m“-W-Øns‚ _‘w
{]mNo\ sFX-tcb imJ-bp-am-bn-´m-Wv. AXv tem]n®p-t]m-bn. imSym-b\
- n, `m√-hn, `mKpcn, XmWvUn XpSßnb imJ-If
- p-ambn _‘-s∏´ {_m“-Wß
- t- f-∏‰n
hymI-cW {KŸßfn¬ kqN-\b
- p-≠v. ]mWn-\n°pw
{]mNo-\-amb B]n-i-e-in-£-bpsS Bdmw JWvUØn¬ kmXy-ap-{Kn-bw, cmWm-b-\obw F∂o t]cpIƒ imJ-I-fp-sS-Xmbn ImWmw. tIcf kmlnXy
A°m-Za
- n-bpsS klm-bt- ØmsS ]cn-`m-jI
- ≥ Xømdm°n hcp∂ sshZnI kmlnXy Ncn-{X-Øn¬ hniZ-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n´p≠v). imJ-If
- p-sSbpw
{_m“-W-ß-fp-sSbpw {]h-N\w {_“m-E-jn-bpsS
Imew apX¬ \S-∂p-h-cp-∂p. CX-h-km-\n-®Xv
IrjvW-ssZz-]m-b-\-hym-ks‚ injy-∑m-tcm-Sp-Iq-Snbm-Wv.
170. e`y-amb imJ-Iƒ . EtKzZw ˛im-Iew AYhm
imMvJm-b\w (C-Xv ap-{Zn-X-a-√) ip¢-b-÷q¿th-ZØns‚ am[y-µn\w AYhm ImWzw IrjvW-bPq¿th-Z-Øns‚ ssXØn-cobw (B-]-kvXw-_o)
ssa{Xm-b-Wo, ImT-Iw, ITw, I]n-jvT-ew, kma-thZ-Øns‚ IuYpao cmWm-b\n (A-ap-{Zn-Xw) AY¿hthZ-Øns‚ iu\-Iw, AYhm ss]∏-em-Zw.
(CXpw ]q¿W-ambn ap{Zn-X-a-√)
Ww. A{X-X-s∂.
K¿`n-Wn-Ifpw \h-hn-hm-ln-X-cmb kv{Xo]pcp-j-∑mcpw D]-h-kn-°p-Itb Acp-Xv. B¿s°¶nepw D]-h-kn-°-W-sa-¶n¬Øs∂ APo¿W
tam hni- ∏ n- √ m- b v a tbm D≈- t ∏mƒ i¿°- c tN¿Ø k¿_tØm ]mtem Ign®v D]-h-kn°-Ww. hni-∏p-≈t- ∏mƒ `£n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xpw
hni-∏n-√msX `£n-°p-∂Xpw tcmK-km-K-c-Ønte°p apßmw-Ip-gn-bn´v ZpxJw hcpØn hbv°em-Wv.
Kpcp-˛-in-jy-˛-a-t{¥m-]-tZ-i-ßƒ
aX-a-Xm-¥-c-ß-fpsS Ncn{Xw
F∂n-h-sb-∏‰n h¿Wn-°mw.
tNmZyw:˛ hn{K-lm-cm-[-\m-k-{º-Zm-b-°m¿,
thZw A\-¥-amtWm 168 F∂p tNmZn-°m-dp-≠v.
EtKz-Z-Øns‚ 21 bPp¿th-Z-Øns‚ 101-˛Dw kmath-Z-Øns‚ 1000-˛hpw AY¿h-th-Z-Øns‚ 9˛Dw
imJ-I-fp-≠v. 169 Ch-bn¬ hfsc Ipd®p imJIƒ am{Xta C∂p e`n-°p-∂p-≈q. 170 _m°n
ep]vX-am-bn. Ah-bn¬ hn{K-lm-cm-[-\, Xo¿Yßƒ F∂n-hsb kw_-‘n® {]am-W-ßƒ
D≠m-bn-cn-°W
- w. C√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ ]pcm-Wß
- fn¬ Ch-sb-ßs\ h∂p? ImcysØ I≠v ImcWsØ A\p-am-\n-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se 171 ]pcm-Wß- f n¬ ImWp- I - b m¬ hn{K- l m- c m- [ - \ - b n¬
F¥n\p kwi-bn-°Ww?
DØcw:˛ imJ-Iƒ hr£-Øn-\-\p-k-cn-®m-bncn-°pw. hncp-≤a
- m-bn-´√
- . imJ-sN-dptXm heptXm
BI-s´, sshcp≤yw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. e`y-amb
imJ-I-fn¬ H∂nepw hn{K-lm-cm-[-\bpw Peÿ-e-hn-ti-j-ßsf Xo¿Y-ß-fmbn KWn-°p∂Xpw Zriy-a-√m-bvI-bm¬ ep]vX-amb imJ-Ifnepw AØcw {]am-W-ßƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-Ibn-√. IqSmsX thZ-ßƒ ]q¿W-ambn e`n-®n-´p≠v. Ahbv°p hncp-≤-ambn Hcp imJbpw D≠mhp-I-bn-√. hncp-≤-am-sW-¶n¬ AXv imJ-bmsW∂v ÿm]n-°p-hm≥ B¿°pw km≤y-hp-a√. Imcyw CXm-bn-cns° ]pcm-W-ßƒ ep]vXamb thZ-im-J-Iƒ°v A\p-kr-X-a-√. km{º-Zmbn-I¿ ]c-kv]c hncp-≤-amb IY-Iƒ D≠m°n
h®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
171.
269
]pI (Im-cyw) I≠v Xotb (Im-cW
- w)
A\p-am-\n-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
thZ-ßsf \nßƒ Cuiz-c-Ir-X-sa-∂w-Ko-Icn-°p-tºmƒ Biz-em-b-\mZn Ejn-ap-\n-am-cpsS
t]cn¬ {]kn-≤-amb {KŸ-ßsf F¥n\v thZß-fw-Ko-I-cn-°p∂p? XSnbpw Cebpw I≠v Acbmtem t]cmtem amthm F∂-dn-bp-hm≥ Ignbp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, Ejn-ap-\n-am¿ Fgp-Xnb thZmMvK-ßƒ, \mep {_m“-W-ßƒ, AwK-ßƒ,
D]m-MvK-ßƒ D]th-Z-ßƒ BZn-bm-bh t\m°nbmWv thZm¿Yw Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xv. AXn-\met{X Cu {KŸ-ßsf imJ-sb∂pw ]d-bp∂Xpw thZ-ßƒ°p hncp-≤-am-bh {]am-W-amhp-I-bn-√. A\p-Iq-e-am-bh {]am-W-a-√m-Xm-hpIbpw C√. ep]vX-amb imJ-I-fn¬ hn{K-lm-cm[-\-bp-tSbpw a‰pw {]amWw Ds≠∂p ]d-bp∂
]£w AXn¬ h¿Wm-{i-a-hy-hÿ hn]-co-Xam-bn-´mWv D≈-sX∂v Nne¿ hmZn-°pw. iq{Z≥
{_m“-W-\m-sW∂pw {_m“-Wm-Zn-Isf iq{Zsc∂p hnfn-°-W-sa∂pw AK-ay-Iƒ Kay-I-fmsW∂pw AI¿Øhyw I¿Ø-hy-am-sW-∂pw,
anYym-`m-jWw [¿a-am-sW∂pw kXy-`m-jWw
172. imJ-sb∂ ]Zw hfsc {][m-\-am-Wv.
thZm-MvK-ßƒ°pw D]m-MvK-ßƒ°pw ChnsS
imJ-sb∂p {]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv KuW-am-bn-´m-Wv.
]©-]mZn (5.25) Zi-]mZn (3.56) DWmZn
kq{X-ßf
- n¬ ioMvitb F∂ [mXp-hn¬ \n∂mWv
imJm kw⁄-bpsS hypXv]-Øn. AXn-\m¬
thZm¿Yw FhnsS ibn-°p-∂pthm AXv imJ-bmbn. \ncp-‡n-Im-c≥ 1.4 epw 6.32 epw iIvt\m-Xn-bn¬
\n∂v imJm i_vZw \n¿h-Nn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ GXn\m¬ thZm¿Yw Adn-bp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂pthm AXv
imJ F∂¿Yw In´pw. Cu kmam-\ym¿Yw kzoIcn®p sIm≠mWv AMvtKm-]m-MvK-ßƒ°v imJsb∂v {KŸ-Im-c≥ Fgp-Xp-∂-Xv.
173. hymk-in-jy-\mb ssPan-\nbpw a‰v injy {]in-jy∑mcpw Ah-km-\sØ 1127 imJ-I-fpsS {]h-‡m°-fm-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Ch-cpsS ImeØv imJI-fpsS A`mhw D≠m-bn-cpt∂m F∂ {]iv\ta DZn°p-∂n√. adn®v a‰-t\Iw imJ-Ifpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂ncn-°mt\ hgn-bp-≈p. alm-`m-jy-Im-c-\mb ]X-RvPen-bpsS Ime-L´- hpw alm-`m-cX
- I
- m-eØ
- n\v 500-˛1000
h¿jw apºm-bn-cp-∂n-cn-°-Ww. Ct±-l-Øns‚
ImeØv sshZn-I-{K-Ÿ-ß-fpsS ]T\ ]c-ºc A‰ncp-∂n-√. {Kma-ßƒtXmdpw imJ-If
- psS A[y-b\
- hpw
A[ym-]-\hpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. "{Kta {Kmta ImTIw
Imem-]Iw N t{]mNytX' F∂v alm-`mjyw 4.3.-101 ¬
174. tbmK-imkv{X {]h-‡m-hmb ]X-RvPen
alm-`m-jy-c-N-bn-Xm-hmb ]X-RvP-en-tb-°mƒ
{]No-\-\m-bn-cp-∂p.
A[¿a-am-sW∂pw a‰pw Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-s≠∂pw
]d-bpw. At∏mƒ \nßƒ°v Rßƒ ]d™
DØ-cta ]d-bm-\m-hq. AXm-bXv thZ-Ønepw
e_v-[-im-J-I-fnepw {_m“-Wm-Zn-Iƒ°v Aßs\bpw iq{Zm-Zn-Iƒ°v A{]-Im-chpw Xs∂bmWv t]cp-≈-sX-¥n-\m¬ ep]vX imJ-I-fnepw
Aß- s \- X - s ∂tb hcq F∂v . As√- ¶ n¬
h¿Wm-{i-a-hy-h-ÿbpw a‰pw as‰mcp Xc-Ønem-bn-t∏m-Ipw, H∂m-tem-Nn°q ssPan-\n-bptSbpw hymk-s‚bpw ]X-RvPe
- n-bptSbpw Imew
173
hsc
imJ-I-sf√mw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-ht√m?
AtXm C√m-bn-cp-∂p-thm? D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh¶n¬ \nß-fn-∏-d-bp-∂-Xn\v A¿Y-an√. C√m-bncp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ imJ-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂Xn\p Xs∂ F¥mWv sXfnhv ? t\m°q!
ssPan\n aoamw- k - b n¬ k¿h- h n[ I¿a- I mWvUhpw ]X-RvP-en 174 tbmK-hn-Zy-bn-e-S-ßnbn- c n- ° p∂ k¿h- h n[ ⁄m\- I m- W v U hpw
thZm-\p-Iq-e-ambn kam-l-cn-®n-´p-≠-t√m. Ahnbn-sem-∂nepw hn{K-lm-cm-[-\tb∏‰ntbm Xo¿Yÿm- \ - ß - s f- ∏ - ‰ ntbm kqN\ t]mep- a n- √ .
FhnsS\n∂v Fgp-Xm-\mWv? GsX-¶nepw thZØn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Fgp-XmsX hnSp-Itb
C√m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ ep]vX-im-J-I-fnepw
hn{K-lm-cm-[\ apX-em-b-h-bpsS {]am-W-ß-fn√
Xs∂.
imJIƒ thZ-ß-f√
Cu imJ-Is
- fm∂pw thZ-ßf
- √
- . Fs¥-∂m¬
Ch-bn¬ Cuiz-c-Ir-X-amb thZ-ß-fpsS {]XoI-ßsf kmwkvIm-cnI P\-ß-fpsS Ncn-{X-ambn
hymJym-\n-®n-´p-≠v. AXn-\m¬ Ah-sbm∂pw
thZ-ß-f√ F∂p Xs∂ \n›-bn-°-Ww. thZ-
270
175. thZ-ßf
- n¬\n∂v Ncn{Xw D≠m-°p-hm≥ {ian-°p-∂Xv
sshZnI ]mc-ºc
- y-sØ-∏‰
- n-bp≈ A⁄-Xs
- Im≠pw
A]u-c-tj-b-Xm-hm-Z-Øns‚ A¥x-kØ {Kln-°m\m-hm-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠p-am-Wv. sshZn-I-kw-⁄-Iƒ°v
hy‡n-I-fp-ambn t\cn´v Hcp _‘-hp-an-√.
176. DØ-tc-¥y-bnepw tIc-f-sam-gn-sI-bp≈ Z£n-tW-¥ybnepw ]qPm-cn-Iƒ Cßs\ t\cn´v Bcm-[-I-tcmSv
Cc-°p-∂p. tIc-f-Øn¬ ]d-sb-Sp-∏v, Po¿tWm-≤m-cWw, Xpem-`mcw apX-emb hgn-]m-Sp-Iƒ F∂n-ßs\
hyh-ÿm-]q¿h-amb ]Ww ]ncn-hmWv F∂ hyXymk-ap-≠v. tIc-fo-b-t£-{X-ßƒ Xt±-i-`-c-W-tI-{µßfpw IqSn-bm-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ Iptd-°qSn hyh-ÿm]n-X-amb kmaq-lnI ÿm]-\-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. IqSpX¬ Adn-bp-∂-Xn\v ]cn-`m-j-Is‚ ""hn{K-lm-cm-[-\bnse'' t£{X-ßfpw kaq-lhpw F∂ A[ymbw
t\m°p-I.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
ß-fn¬ a\p-jy-\m-h-iy-amb Adnth D]-tZ-in®n-´p-≈q Hcp a\p-jy-t‚bpw t]c√ AXn-ep-≈Xv 175. CXpw hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bpsS XnI™
JWvU\w Xs∂-bm-Wv.
alm-]p-cp-j-∑msc \nµn-°¬
hn{K-lm-cm-[\ sIm≠v {iocm-a≥, {ioIrjvW≥,\mcm-bW
- ≥, inh≥ apX-em-bh
- sc \nµn°p-Ibpw D]-lk
- n-°p-Ib
- p-amWv sNøp-∂X
- .v Chsc√mw alm-cm-Pm-[n-cm-Pm-°-∑mcpw ChcpsS
`mcy-am-cmb koX, cpIvan-Wn, e£van, ]m¿hXn
apX-em-b-h¿ dmWn-am-cp-am-bn-cp-s∂∂v F√mh¿°p-a-dn-bm-hp∂ Imcy-am-Wv. F∂m¬ ChcpsS hn{K-l-ßƒ t£{X-ß-fn¬h®v ]qPm-cnh¿Kw ]n®-sX-≠p-∂p. AXm-bXv Chsc `n£°m-cm-°p-∂p-sh-∂¿Yw. ""h∂m-´-ßpt∂! bPam-\t\! apX-emfo! Ccp-∂m-s´, Z¿i\w Ign-®ms´. koXm-cm-a-∑m¿, cpIvan-Wo-Ir-jvW-∑m¿,
AYhm cm[m-Ir-jvW-∑m¿, e£vao-\m-cm-b-W∑m¿, ]m¿h-Xo-in-h-∑m¿ c≠p-aq-∂p-\m-fmbn
t\Zyw t]mepw C√msX IjvS-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv.
C∂pw H∂pw Inń-bn-√. koXbv°v aq°pØn
D≠m-°n-®p-X-c-Ww. t\Zyw Ign-∏n-®m¬ t\Zn°mw. DS-bmSIodn t£{X-Øns‚ aqe-bn-Sn-™p.
apI-fn¬ \n∂p tNm¿®-bp-≠v. D≠m-bn-cp-∂sXms° I≈≥ sIm≠p-t]m-bn. Fen-bpsS
ieyw Nn√-d-b-√. . 176sh≈n-°Æv FSp-ØpsIm≠pt]m-bn. thsdbp≠m-°m≥ \nhr-Øn-bn√m-ØX
- p-sIm-≠mWv Ihn-Sn-°Æ
- p-≠m-°n-h®
- Xv''
cma-eo-ebpw cmk-{Io-Ubpw IqSn Ch¿ \SØm- d p- ≠ v. koXbpw cma- \ pw, cm[bpw
Irjv W \pw BSp- ∂ Xv Ah- c psS `‡- c mb
cmPmhpw alm-]p-tcm-ln-X\pw a‰pw I≠v B\µn-°p-∂p. t£{X-ßf
- n¬ cma\pw koXbpw a‰pw
\nev°p-Ibpw ]ptcm-ln-X-∑mcpw kzman-bm-c∑mcpw a‰pw ]´p-sa-Ø-I-fn¬ Dcp-≠-X-e-bn-WI-fn¬ Nmcn-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. sImSpwNq-Sn¬t]mepw tZh-∑msc ]qń-bn-ń-´v, kz—-h-mbp-hn¬ Iń-en´v Ch-cp-d-ßp-∂p. Nne ]qPm-cnIƒ Ah- c psS \mcm- b - W s\ Nnan- g n- e - S ®v
ap≠n¬ s]mXn™v Igp-Øn¬ sIń-Øq-°ns°m≠p \S-°p-∂p. s]Ïp-cßv Ipń-°p-cßs\ ]≈-bn¬ Xq°n-\-S-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bmWn-Xv. Bcm\pw hn{K-l-ß-fp-S-®m-ep-Ss\ s\©Ø-Sn®v apd-hn-fn-Iq-´p-∂p. ""koX-tbbpw cma-
t\bpw As√-¶n¬ cm[m-Ir-jvW-∑m-sc, As√¶n¬ inh-t\bpw ]m¿h-Xn-tbbpw ZpjvS-∑m¿
X√n-bp-S-®p. C\n \√ shÆ-°-√n¬ \√ inev]nsb-s°m≠v hn{Klw Xo¿∏n®v {]Xn-jvTn-°-Ww.
s\ø-`n-tjIw \S-Ø-Ww. bYm-i‡n kw`mh\ sNø-Ww.'' F∂n-ßs\ Blzm\w sNøpI-bm-bn. cma-eo-ebpw cmk-{Io-Ubpw Ign™v
cma-t\bpw IrjvW-t\bpw koX-tbbpw cm[tbbpw sIm≠v `n£-sb-Sp-∏n-°m-dp≠v. D’-hßfpw a‰pw \S-°p-tºmƒ Ipń-Isf DÆn-IrjvW-s‚bpw a‰pw thjw sIń®v bmNn-∏n-°p∂p. CsX√mw F{X- I ≠v e÷m- I - c hpw
IjvShpw BsW∂v Btem-Nn-°-Ww. koXbpw
cma\pw a‰pw C{X Zcn-{Zcpw bmN-I-cp-am-bncpt∂m? CX-hsc \nµn-°p-Ibpw D]-l-kn-°pI-bp-a-s√-¶n¬ ]ns∂-¥mWv? B am\y-]p-cp-j∑msc CXn-e-[nIw A]-am-\n-°p-∂-sX-ßs\?
koXbpw cpIvan-Wnbpw e£vanbpw ]m¿h-Xnbpw
a‰pw D≠m- b n- c p∂ Ah- k - c - Ø n¬ Ahsc
{]Z¿in- ∏ n- ° m≥ hgn- b ntem hońtem
\n¿Øm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cpt∂m? Ah-cpsS t]cpw
]d™v Ccn-°p-am-bn-cpt∂m? koXbpw cma-\psam∂pw Cu aqV-∑m-cpsS hm°p-tI´v Cßs\
sNøp-Itbm sNøm-\-\p-h-Zn-°p-Itbm C√m-bncp- ∂ p. Ahsc Cßs\ A]- a m- \ n- ° p- ∂ Xp
I≠m¬ X° in£ \¬ImsX hnSp- a m- b ncpt∂m? Ah-cn¬ \n∂p in£ In´m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠m-bn-cn°mw ]qPm-cn-I-fpsS I¿a-^-e-sa-∂hÆw At\Iw hn{K-l-hn-tcm-[n-Iƒ Ch¿°v
{]kmZw sImSp- Ø Xpw C∂pw sImSp- Ø psIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw. Cu ZpjvI¿aw XpS-cpthmfw Inń-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Bcymh¿Ø- Ø n\v {]Xn- Z n\w D≠m- b n- s °m- ≠ n- c n°p∂ am\-lm-\n°pw hn{K-lm-cm-[-I-cpsS ]cmP-b-Øn\pw ImcWw CØcw {]hr-Øn-I-fm-Wv.
]m]-Øns‚ êw ZpxJ-am-W-t√m. Cu inemhn-{K-lß
- f
- n-ep≈ hnizmkw hf-sc-tbsd lm\n
hcp-Øn-h-®n-´p-≠v. CXp hnń-s√-¶n¬ A\¿Yw
{]Xn-Zn\w h¿≤n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw.
amc-Ww-˛-tam-l\w
Ch-cn¬ hma-am¿Kn-I-fmWv henb Ip‰-°m¿.
271
177. im]-c-X{¥w (_w-Km-fn) {]Io¿W-{]-I-cWw 44.
178. Sn. 41.
179. Ima-c-Xv\-X{¥w _oP-a{¥w. 4
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
injy-∑msc kzoI-cn-°p-tºmƒ Ch¿ at{¥m-]tZiw \¬Ip-∂Xp t\m°pI:˛
Zw ZpcvKmssb \ax˛`wss`-ch
- mb \ax sFw
{low ¢nw Nmap-WvUmssb hnss®.
_wKm-fn¬ hnti-j-s∏´ GIm-£co a{¥ßƒ D]-tZ-in-°m-dp-≠v. {low {iow. 177 ¢nw
CXymZn [\m-Vy-∑m¿°v ]q¿W-Ipw`m-`n-tjIhpw \S-Øm-dp-≠v. CXp-t]mse Zi-alm hnZyI-fpsS a{¥w t\m°pI:˛
{lmw {low {lqw hK- e m- a pssJy ^Sv
kzmlm 178Nne-bn-SØv lqw- ^´v kzmlm 179
F∂pw ]d-bpw. IqSmsX amcWw, taml-\w,
D®m-S-\w, hntZz-j-Ww, hio-I-cWw apX-emb
{]tbm-Kß
- fpw sNøp-∂p. AhnsS a{¥w sIm≠v
H∂pw km[n-°p-∂n-√. F√mw {Inb-I-fm-Wv.
Bsc-sb-¶nepw sIm√m≥ amcWw sNøp-tºmƒ,
sNøn- ° p- ∂ - b m- f ns‚ ]°¬ \n∂v ]Ww
hmßpw. tKmX- º p- s ]m- S n- s Imt≠m aÆpsImt≠m sImt√-≠b
- m-fns‚ {]Xn-ab
- p-≠m-°pw.
AXns‚ Igp- Ø nepw s\©nepw \mUn- b nepsa√mw ]n®mØn Xd- b v ° pw. IÆnepw
ssIIm-ep-I-fnepw BWn-b-Sn-°pw. Zp¿K-bptStbm ss`c- h - s ‚tbm {]Xn- a - b p- ≠ m°n
ssIøn¬ {Xniq-ehpw ]n-Sn-∏n®v sImt√--≠bmfns‚ {]Xn-a-bpsS s\©n\p t\sc ÿm]n°pw. thZn-bp-≠m-°n amwkhpw a‰pw tlman°m≥ XpS- ß pw. ZqXm- f ns\ Ab®v hnjw
sImSptØm at‰m Abmsf sIm√m≥ t\m°pw.
{Inb-I-fpsS CSbv°v Abmsf sI√m≥ Ign™m¬ ss`c-h-s‚bpw tZhn-bpsSbpw kn≤nbp-≈-bm-fmWv Xms\∂pw ]d-bpw. "ss`cthm
`qX-\m-Y›' Fs∂√mw P]n-°pw. Ch¿ amcb
amcb, D®m-Sb D®m-S-b. hn-tZz-jb hntZz-jb,
On‘n On‘n, `n‘n-`n-‘n, hio-Ip-cp-h-io-Ipcp. JmZ-b-Jm-Zb, `£b `£b t{XmSb
t{XmSb, \mib \mi-b, aa i{Xq≥ hioIqcp
hio-Ipcp lp, ^Sv kzmlm. 180 apX-emb a{¥ßƒ P]n-°p-∂p. aZy-amw-km-Zn-Iƒ b-tYjvSw
Bl-cn-°p-∂p. knµq-c-s∏m´v sXmSp∂p. Nnet∏mƒ a\p-jysc ]nSn-IqSn Imfn°v _en-sImSp-°p-Ibpw tlman-® \c-amwkw Xn∂p-Ibpw
sNøp- ∂ p. Bsc- ¶ nepw ss`c- h o- N {I- Ø n¬
sN∂m¬ amwkw `£n-°tbm aZyw IpSn-°tbm
sNømØ ]£w sIm∂p tlman®p If-bp-Ibpw.
Ch-cn¬ BtLmcn-Isf∂ Iq´¿ arX-i-co-cØnse amwkw IqSn `£n-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv. APco˛--_Pcn-Iƒ a\p-jy-cpsS aeaq-{X-ßfpw `£n°p-∂p. Ch-cn¬Øs∂ tNmfo-am¿K°m¿, _oPam¿KnIƒ F∂p c≠p-X-c-°m-cp-≠v. tNmfoam¿Kn-Iƒ GsX-¶nepw cl-ky kt¶-XØ
- ntem
`qan- ° - S n- b ntem Hcp ÿm\- a p- ≠ m- ° p- ∂ p.
AhnsS F√m-h-cp-tSbpw kv{XoIfpw ]pcp-j-∑mcpw, a°fpw acp-a°
- fpw, AΩ s]ß∑mcp-sa√mw
IqSn-t®¿∂v aZy-amw-km-Zn-Iƒ `£n-°p∂p. ]pcpj-∑m¿ Hcp kv{Xosb \·-bm°n Zp¿§m-tZ-hnsb∂p t]cn´v Kp]vtX{µnb ]qP \S-Øp-∂p.
kv{XoIƒ CXp-t]mse Hcp ]pcp-j-t‚bpw ]qP
Ign-°pw. ]n∂oSv IpSn®p aØ-cm-bn-°-gn-bptºmƒ F√m kv{XoI-fp-sSbpw "tNmfn" (Pm-°‰v) Ducn hen-sbmcp a¨]m-{X-Øn¬ CSp-∂p.
AXn¬ ssIøn´v Hmtcm ]pcp-j\pw Hmtcm
tNmfn FSp-°p-∂p. ssIøn¬ In´p∂ tNmfn,
AΩbp-tS-tXm, s]ß-fptStXm, aI-fp-tS-tXm,
]p{X-h-[p-hn-t‚tXm Bbmepw icn XXvIm-etØ°v A- h ƒ `mcy- b mWv At\ym\yw
ZpjvI¿a-ßƒ sNøp∂ Ch¿ elcn aqØm¬
XΩn¬Ø-√p-Ibpw sNøpw. Iptd-sh-fp-∏n\v
hońte°p aS-ßn-s®√pw. ]ns∂ AΩ AΩbpw
aIƒ aIfpw s]ßƒ s]ßfpw ]p{X-h[p ]p{Xh-[phpw Bbn-cn°pw!
_oP- a m¿Kn- I ƒ - k v { Xo- ] p- c p- j - k - a m- K aw
Ign™v hocyw Ie¿Ønb Pew ]m\w sNøp∂p. CsX√mw ap‡n-am¿K-ambmWv Cu ]ma-c∑m¿ Icp-Xp-∂Xv. hnZym-`ym-ktam, hnNm-c-i‡ntbm, k÷-\-kw-k¿Ktam C°q-´¿°n√.
ssih-aX JWvU\w
tNmZyw:˛ ssih-a-X-°m¿ \√-h-cmtWm?
DØcw:˛ Fßs\ \√-h-cm-Im-\mWv? t{]X\m- Y - s \ßs\tbm `qX- \ m- Y \pw Aß- s \Xs∂. hma-am¿Kn-Iƒ at{¥m-]-tZiw \evInbpw
a‰pw ]Ww ]nSp-ßp-∂-Xpt]mse ssihcpw
"Hmw \axinhmb' apX-emb ]©m-£-c-a-{¥ßƒ D]-tZ-in-°bpw cp{Zm£ ˛ `kvam-Zn-Iƒ
[cn-°p-Ibpw, atÆm It√m-sIm≠v enMvK-ap-
180. Ima-c-Xv\-X{¥w ˛ D®m-S-\-{]-I-cWw 5.7
181. Iutem-]-\n-jXv ˛ Ipem¿W-h-X{¥w 11-˛mw D√m-kw.
272
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
≠m°n ]qPn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. IqSmsX, lc
lc _w_w F∂pw BSns‚ i_vZw-t]mse
_Uv _Uv _Uv F∂pw hmsIm≠v i_vZ-ap≠m- ° p- I bpw sNøp∂p. AXn\p ImcWw
_w_w ]d-™m¬ ]m¿hXn kt¥m-jn-°pIbpw inh≥ tIm]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv.
`kvam-kp-cs‚ apºn¬\n∂v inh≥ HmSn-bt- ∏mƒ
_w_w i_vZ-ap-≠m-°p-Ibpw Ifn-bm°n -ssIsIm-´p-Ibpw sNøvX-Xm-Wt{X Imc-Ww. AXpt]mse Ipc-h-bn-Sp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v inh≥- -{]-kmZn°pIbpw ]m¿∆Xn tIm]n°p-Ibpw sNøp-at- {X.
]m¿∆-Xn-bpsS ]nXm-hmb Z£-{]-Pm-]-Xn-bpsS
inc-k-dpØv tlman-®n´v ]Icw Bń≥Xe h®p]n-Sn-∏n-®p. AXns‚ i_vZ-a-\p-I-cn®v BSns‚
i_vZw-t]mse Ipc-h-bn-Sp-∂-Xm-sW∂v k¶ev]n-°p∂p. inh-cm{Xn {hXhpw {]tZm-j-{hXhpw ap‡nam-¿Kambn Icp-Xp-∂p. AXn-\m¬
hma-am¿Kn-I-sf-t∏mseXs∂ ssihcpw {`m¥cm-Wv. Ch-cn¬ I≥^tS, \mY¿, Kncn, ]pcn,
h\w, BcWyw, ]¿h-Xw, kmKcw, Krl-ÿ≥
F∂n-ßs\ ]e hn`m-K-ßfp≠v. Nne¿ c≠ph©n-bnepw Im¬h®v k©-cn-°p-∂-hcmWv.
AXm-bXv Nne¿ ssih-a-Xhpw hma-am¿Khpw
kzoI-cn-°p-∂p. Nne¿ sshj-W-hcpw IqSn-bmWv. Ah-cpsS kzcq-]-an-Xm-Wv. A¥x-im‡m
_lnss›hmx k`m-at[y N sshjvWhmx
\m\m-cq-][
- cmx Iuemx hnN-c¥
- n-al
- o-Xte (X{¥-t«m-Iw) 181
AIta im‡¿ AYhm hma-am¿Kn-Iƒ,
]pdta ssih¿, AYhm cp{Zm£ `kvam-Zn-Iƒ
[cn-°p-∂-h¿, k`-bn¬ sshjvW-h¿ AXm-bXv
Xßƒ hnjvWphns‚ D]m-k-I-cm-sW∂p ]dbp-I. Cßs\ hnhn[ cq]-ß-fn¬ hma-am¿KnIƒ temI-Øn¬ hnl-cn-°p-∂p.
sshjvW-h-aX JWvU\w
tNmZyw:˛ sshjvW-h¿ \√-h-ct√?
DØcw:˛ F¥p-\-√Xv? Ah-sc-t∏m-se-bmWv
Ch-cpw, sshjvW-h-cpsS eoem-hn-em-k-ßƒ
t\m°q!hnjvWp-hns‚ ZmkcmWv Xß-sf∂v
182. Be-a-µm-c-sa-∂Xv GtXm Xangv AYhm sXep¶v
kvXpXn-bm-Wv.
183. DØ-c-`m-c-X-Ønepw a‰pw tIc-f-Øn-te-Xp-t]mse
kpµ-c-amb s\‰n-∏´w C√. ]Icw hnhn[ NmbßƒsIm≠v Nn{XWw sNbvXmWv B\sb Hcp-°p∂-Xv.
kzbw A`n-am-\n-°p-∂p. Ah-cn¬ {iossh-jvWh¿ AYhm N{Im-¶n-X¿ ap¥nb Iq´-cm-sW-∂h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂p.- AXnsem∂nepw Imcy-an√.
tNmZyw:-˛ F¥psIm≠v Imcy-an√? Imcyap-≠v. t\m°q s\‰n-bn¬ \mcm-b-W-s‚ NcWm- c - h n- µ - Ø n\p Xpey- a mb Xne- I - a p- ≠ v .
AXns‚ a[y-Øn¬ a™-tcJbp≈Xv {iobmWv. AXn-\m¬ R
- ß
- sf {iossh-jvWh
- s
- c∂p
hnfn-°p-∂p. \mcm-bW
- s
- \b-√msX a‰mscbpw
Rßƒ hniz- k n- ° p- ∂ n- √ . inh- e nMv K w
Rßƒ Z¿in-°p-It]mepw C√. -R-ß-fpsS
s\‰n-bn¬ D≈ {io (e-£van) AXp-sIm≠v
e÷n-°p-sa-∂-XmWv. ImcWw, Rßƒ Bea-µm-cmZn 182 kvtXm{X-ßƒ sNm√p-∂p. \mcmb-Ws\ a{¥-]q¿∆w ]qPn-°p-∂p. ]ns∂-¥psIm≠v Rßƒ \√-h-c√?
DØcw:˛ \nßfpsS Cu XneIw lcn-]m-ZmIrXnbp≈-Xm-sW∂pw a™-hc e£van-bmsW∂pw ]d-bp-∂Xp shdptXbm-Wv. Fs¥∂m¬ AXp ssIsIm≠p≠m°nbXpw s\‰nbnse hc-bp-am-Wv. B\-bpsS akvXIw Ae-¶cn-°p-∂Xp 183 t]mse, \nß-fpsS s\‰n-bn¬
hnjv W p- ] m- Z - Ø ns‚ Nn”w Fß- s \- h ∂p?
Bcm\pw sshIpWvTØp-t]mbn hnjvWp-]mZw
-s\-‰n-bn¬ Npń-Ip-Øn-®psIm≠p h∂pthm?
hnthIn:˛ {io. PUtam tNX-\tam?
sshjvW-h-≥:--˛ tNX-\w.
hnthIn:˛ F¶n¬ Cu tcJ PU-am-bX
- n-\m¬
"{io"b√ {io D≠m- ° n- b - X mtWm A√tbm
F∂p Rm≥ tNmZn- ° p- ∂ p. D≠m- ° n- b Xs√¶n¬, CXp {iob- √ Fs¥- ∂m¬ Znhkhpw CXv \nßƒ ssIsIm-≠p-≠m-°p-∂-XmWv. AXn-\m¬ {iobm-hm≥ hgn-bn-√. eem-SØn¬ {iobm- W p- ≈ - s X- ¶ n¬ Zp¿ap- J - c mb
Ht´sd sshjv W h- c p- ≠ m- I m- ≥ Imc- W - s a¥mWv ? s\‰n- b n¬ e£v a n! hoSp- t Xmcpw
sX≠¬ tPmen! [¿Ω-°-™n-°pSn®p hb-dp\n-d®v Np‰n-Øn-cn-bepw! s\‰n-bn¬ {iobp-ambn
alm-Zm-cn{Zyw ImWn°p∂Xv \n¿e-÷-cp-tSbpw
ho≠p-hn-Nm-c-an-√m-Ø-h-cp-tSbpw ]Wn-bm-Wv.
Ch¿°n-Sb
- n¬ ]cn-Ime≥ F∂p-t]-cmb Hcp
-ssh-jvWh `‡≥ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Abmƒ Ifhpw, sIm≈-bpw, NXnhpw h©\bpambn ]c-
273
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
[\w Ih¿∂v sshjvWh
- ¿°p sImSpØv kwXr]vX\
- m-bn-s°m-≠ncp-∂p. Hcp Znhkw Abmƒ°v
Ifhp apX¬ H∂pw Inńbn-√. hymIp-e-\mbn
Np‰n-Øn-cn-bth Xs‚ `‡≥ ZpxJn-X-\m-bn-cn°p- ∂ p F∂v \mcm- b - W ≥ Adn- ™ p. Hcp
tkńs‚ thj-sa-SpØv B`-c-W-ß-f-Wn-™v
cY-Øn¬ Ibdn {]Xy-£-\mbn. ]cn-Im-e-≥
ASpØp sN∂v ""F√mw thKw FSpØpXt∂m,
As√-¶n¬ sIm∂p-I-fbpw F∂p ]d-™p.
F√mw FSpØp sImSp- ° p- ∂ - X n- \ n- S - b n¬
tamXncw Ducm≥ Aev]w sshIn. ]cn-Im-e-≥
\mcm-b-Ws‚ hnc¬ apdn®v tamXncw FSp-Øp.
k¥p-jvS\
- mb hnjvWp Xs‚ NXp¿`pP icocw
D≠m°n Z¿i\w \evIn. F∂n´p ]-d™p:˛
""\o Fs‚ {]nb`‡≥. Ih¿∂ [\w apgp-h≥
sshjvW-h¿°p \evIp-∂p. \o tIa≥Xs∂''.
]cn- I m- e - ≥ B B`- c - W ß- s f√mw sshjWh¿°p sImSp-Øp.
Hcn-°¬ [\-hm-\mb Hcp tk´v ]cn-Im-es\
`rXy- \ m°n. I∏- e n¬ Ib‰n Zqsc- t Z- i Øp
sIm≠pt]m-bn. Ahn-sS-\n∂v I∏-en¬ AS-bv°
Ib-‰n. ]cn-Ime≥ Hcp ASbv° ]nf¿∂v Hcp
]Ip-Xn-sb-SpØv tkń\p sImSp-Øp. "Fs‚ Cu
]IpXn ASbv ° I∏- e n¬ CSp- I . F∂n´v
]IpXn ASbv° ]cn-Im-es‚ hI-bmbn I∏-enep≠v Fs∂-gp-Xn-Ø-cp-I'. F∂p ]d-™p.' \o
thW- s a- ¶ n- ¬ Bbncw FSp- Ø p- s Im- ≈ pI
F∂mbn tk´v, ""Rm≥ A[¿an-b-√. I≈-\p-a√. F\n-s°s‚ ]IpXn ASbv° aXn'' F∂p
]cn-Im-e≥ ]d-™p. ]mh-amWv, ip≤≥. Ahs‚
CjvSw \S-°s´ F∂p IcpXn tk´v Fgp-Xns°m-Sp-Øp. kztZ-iØp I∏¬ Xpd-ap-J-ØSpØv ASbv° Cd°p-hm≥ Xbm-dm-bn. At∏mƒ
]cn- I me≥ ]d™p:˛ ""Fs‚ hI ]IpXn
ASbv ° Xc- W w.'' tk´v ]IpXn ASbv °
FSpØp sImSp-Øp. ]cn-Im-e≥ _l-f-ap-≠m°n. I∏-en¬ ]Ip-Xn-]m°v Ft‚-Xm-sW∂v
hmZn-®p. tIkv cmPm-hns‚ ka-£-Øn-se-Øn.
]cn-Im-e≥ tkńs‚ FgpØv lmP-cm-°n. I∏ense ""]Ip-Xn-∏m°v'' ]cn-Im-e-t‚-Xm-sW∂v
AXn¬ Fgp- X n- b n- c p∂p. tk´v hfsc
hmZns®¶nepw ê-ap-≠m-bn-√. I∏-ense ]IpXn-∏m°v Abmƒ°v Inń. AXv sshjvW-h¿°v
Abmƒ hoXn- ® p- s Im- S p- Ø p. sshjv W - h ¿
hfsc k¥p-jvS-cmbn. Ct∏mƒ Cu I≈s‚,
sIm≈°m¿ ]cn- I m- e s‚ hn{Klw t£{Xßfn¬ {]Xn-jvTn-°p-∂p.
Cu IY "`‡-am-e-bn-te-XmWv". sshjvWhcpw Ah-cpsS `rXycpw. \mcm-b-W\pw sIm≈kw-La
- t- √ F∂v _p≤n-am∑m¿ Btem-Nn-®p-t\m°-s´. aX-a-Xm-¥-c-ß-fn¬ Hs´ms° \∑-bp-≠mIm-sa-¶nepw Ah-bn-en-cp∂v Xo¿Øpw \√-h-cmIp- h m≥ km[y- a - √ . Ct∏mƒ sshjv W - h cn¬Øs∂ D≈ ]e hn`m-K°m¿ sht∆sd
XneI ˛ ame-Iƒ [cn®p t]mcp-∂p. cmam-\-µnIƒ Ccp-h-iØpw tKm]o-N-µ-\hpw a[y-Øn¬
Nph∂ hcbpw, \oam-h-X-∑m¿ I\w Ipd™
hcbpw \Sp°v Idp-Ø-s]m´pw, am[-h¿ Idp-Øh-cbpw, KuU-_w-Km-fn-Iƒ ITm-cn-t]m-ep≈
Ipdnbpw cma-{]-km-Zn-Iƒ N{µ-°-e-t]m-ep≈
c≠p-h-c-Iƒ°p at[y Hcp shfpØ-s]m´pw
F∂n-ßs\ ]e Xc-Øn-emWv XneI [mc-Ww.
Ch-cpsS hymJym-\hpw {]tXyIw {]tXy-I-amWv. cmam-\-µn-Iƒ, Nph∂hc e£van-bpsS
Nn”am- W v . \mcm- b - W s‚ lrZ- b - Ø nse
{iobmWv, {ioIr-jvW-lr-Z-b-Ønse cm[-bmWv
Fs∂√mw ]d-bp-∂p.
`‡-am-e-bn¬ Hcp IY-bp≠v. Hcp-h≥ hr£®p-h-ń¬ InS-∂p-d-ßp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Dd-°-Øn¬
Abmƒ acn®p-t]m-bn. apI-fn-en-cp∂ Im°
ImjvSn-®p. AXv s\‰nbn¬ XneIw-t]mse
hoWp. ba-Zq-X-∑m¿ Ahn-sS-h-∂p. hnjvWp-ZqX-∑mcpw h∂p. c≠p-Iq-ćpw XΩn¬ hg-°m-bn.
Rß-fpsS bP-am-\s‚ B⁄-{]-Imcw ba-temI-Øp-sIm-≠p-t]mIpsa∂v ba-Zq-X-¿ ]d-™p.
Rß-fpsS bP-am-\≥ sshIp-WvTØp sIm≠psN-√m≥ B⁄m]n®n-cn-°p-∂p. t\m°q CbmfpsS s\‰n-bn¬ hnjvWp Xne-I-ap-≠v. \nßƒ
Fßs\ sIm≠pt]m-Ipw? F∂mbn hnjvWp
ZqX- ∑ m¿. ba- Z q- X¿ CXv t I´v aS- ßn- t ∏m- b n.
hnjvWp-Zq-X¿ sshIp-WvT-Øn¬ sIm≠p-t]mbn. Abmsf \mcm-b-W≥ sshIp-WvT-Øn¬
]m¿∏n-®p.
AI- k v a mXv hoWp- I n- ´ nb Xne- I - Ø n\v
CXmWv amlm-fly-sa-¶n¬ Adn-™p-sIm≠v
Xne-I-a-Wn-™m¬ \cIw hn´p sshIpWvTw
{]m]n-°m-sa-∂-Xn¬ F¥mWv kwibw! sNdnsbmcp Xne-I-a-Wn-™m¬ sshIp-WvTØn¬
t]mIm-sa-¶n¬ apJw apgp-h≥ Idp-∏n-°p-Itbm
te]\w sNbvItbm icocw apgp- h ≥
274
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
]qipItbm sNbvXm¬ sshIp-WvTØ
- n-\p-a∏
- pdw
FØm≥ Ign- b p- ∂ - X t√ F∂mWv \ΩpsS
tNmZyw. CsX√mw shdp hy¿∞am-Wv.
JmJn-Iƒ
JmJn-Iƒ Fs∂m-cp-Iq´w `kva-[m-cn-I-fp≠v.
Ch¿ Iu]o-\-Øn\p ]Icw Hcp ac-°-jWw
[cn®v s\cn-t∏mSpw ]pI®v PS hf¿Øn, kn≤thjw sI´p-∂p. sIm°n-s\t∏mse [ym\n-°p∂p. I©mhpw, I≈v, Nckv apX-em-b-hbpw D]tbm-Kn®v IÆp Nph-∏n®v \S∂p F√m-h-tcmSpw
Hmtcm Dcpf tNmdp-hm-ßn-bpw, tKmX-ºp-s]mSn, ]Ww apX-em-bh Cc∂pw Krl-ÿ-cpsS
a°sf PmS Ib‰n hio-I-cn®v injy-cm-°nbpw
Ign-bp-∂p. Ch-cn¬ `qcn-]-£hpw Iqen-th-e-°mcm-Wv. Bsc-¶nepw ]Tn-°m≥ XpSßnbm-¬
Ch¿ hne-°p-∂p.
]Tn-Xhyw XZ]n a¿Ø-hyw, Z¥ ISm ItSXn
Inw I¿Ø-hyav? k\ym-kn-am¿ F¥n\p hnZy
A`y-kn-°p-∂p. ]Tn-®mepw Hcn-°¬ acn-°pw.
shdpsX hmbm- S p- ∂ Xpw ]√p- d p- a p- ∂ Xpw
F¥n\v? \mep-]mSpw Xo¿∞m-S-\w, kw\ym-knIsf ip{iq-jn-°¬, cma-`-P\w sNbvI Ch
[mcmfw! AhnZymaq¿Øn-bpsS Z¿i\w Ign-®nń-√m-Ø-h¿ JmJn-Pnsb Z¿in-®m¬ aXn. Chcp-sS-b-SpØv Bcp sN∂m-epw tamt\ ˛ tamtf
F∂p hnfn-°pw. Ah¿ JmJn-Pn-bpsS AΩtbm
A—t\m Xpey-cm-bmepw icn Aß-s\tb hnfn°q.
JmJn-sb-t∏mse, cpwJ-Sv, kqwJ-Uv, tKmZUn-tb, Pam-Xvhm-te, kpX-tc-km-bo, AIm-en,
I\v^-tS, tPmKn, HuL-S¿184 apX-emb Iq´-cp-ap≠v. F√mw H∂n-s\m∂p sa®w Xs∂.
Hcp JmJn-bpsS injy≥ {ioK-tW-imb \ax
F∂p-®-cn-®p-sIm≠v InW-‰n¬\n∂v sh≈wtImcm≥ t]mbn. AhnsS Ccp∂ Hcp ]WvUnX-≥ {ioK-tW-kmP \taw F∂v D®cn-°p-∂Xp
tI´v Abm-tfmSp ]d-™p:˛ ""kmt[m! \ns‚
D®m-cWw sX‰m-Wv. {io KtW-imb \ax F∂v
184. bYm-{I-aw-˛-a-c-Xp-ey¿ DW-°-a-c-Xp-ey¿, Nm°p-Sp-°p∂-h¿, kJy¿ saen™ kw\ym-kn-Iƒ, A\-iz-c≥
(kn-°p-Im¿) ImXp-Xp-fb
- ¿, a™-hk
- {v X-°m¿, hrØnbn-√m-Øh
- ¿. (184-˛184 hsc-bp≈ ]Z-ßf
- psS kmam\y
X¿P-a)
185. {KŸw
D®-cn°v''. Abm-fp-Ss\ sh≈w \nd-®p-sIm≠v
Kpcp-hns‚ ASpØpsN∂p ]d-™p: "Hc-tºm‰n
Rm\p-®-cn-°n-WXv Akp-≤-am-sW∂v Ahn-Sncp∂p ]tdWp'. tI´Xpw JmJn Fgp-t\‰v InWdn-\-SpØp sN∂p. ]WvUn-X-t\mSp Ib¿Øp.
""FtSm Xm≥! Fs‚ injys\ hgn- s X- ‰ n°pt∂m? \o Kpcp-hns‚ e≠w 185 ]Tn-®n-´pt≠m? \n\°v Hcp ]mTta Adn-bm-hq. F\n°v
aqs∂-Æ-a-dn-bmw tIt´m. {koK-t\-km-P-∂taw.
{koK-t\-km-b-∂-taw. {koK-tWkm-b-\-taw.
]WvUn-X≥:˛ tI´mepw kw\ymko, hnZym`ymkw ITn-\-am-Wv. ]Tn-°msX H∂pw AdnhmIn-√.
JmJn:˛ Xm≥ t]mtSm. Rßƒ F√m hnZzm∑m-scbpw Ac®p IpSn-®n-´p≠v. I©m-hn-e-c®v
H‰- h - e n°v . kw\ym- k n- a m- c psS t]ms°m∂p
thsd. Xt∂-t∏m-ep≈ a≠-∑m-sc-¥-dn-bp-∂p!
]WvUnX≥:˛ t\m°q! \nßƒ°v hnZym`ymkw Ds≠-¶n¬ F¥n-\m-Wv, A]-i-_vZ-ßƒ
D®-cn-°p-∂-Xv \nßƒ°v F√mw Adn-bm-at√m?
JmJn:- Atº! Xm≥ \ΩsS Kpcphm- I bmtWm? Xs‚ D]-tZiw Rßƒ tIƒ°n√.
]WvUn- X ≥:˛ F¥n\p tIƒ°Ww!
_p≤ntb C√. D]-tZiw tIƒ°m\pw {Kln°m\pw Adn-hp-th-Ww.
JmJn:˛ F√m thZ-im-kv{X-ßfpw ]Tn-®n´pw
kw\ym-knsb _lp-am-\n-°m-Øh≥ H∂pw ]Tn°m-Ø-h\v ka-am-Wv.
]WvUn-X≥:˛ Bhmw. Rßƒ kw\ym-knam¿°v tkh\w sNøm-dp-≠v. ]t£, \nß-tft∏m-ep≈ Ip≠m-a-≠n°msc _lp-am-\n-°m-dn√. Fs¥t∂m? kw\ym- k n- s b∂ hm°n\v ,
k÷\w, hnZzm≥, [m¿anI≥, ]tcm]-Im-cn, apXembhsc√mwIqSntN¿∂ ]pcp- j ≥ F∂mW¿∞w.
JmJn:˛ t\m°v. Rßƒ cm]-I¬ \·-cmWv. s\cn-t∏m-Sn¬ Xo Imbp-∂p. I©mhpw
Nckpw a‰pw Iqń \q‰p-I-W-°n\v ]pI-sb-Sp-°p∂p. apΩq∂ptIm∏ I≈pIp-Sn-°p-∂p. ]mjmW
s®Snbp-sSbpw 186 I-dp-∏p-sN-Sn-bpsSbpw Ce-°dn
275
186. Bgvsk-\nIv
187. sImSnev ˛ Xo°´sbSp-°m-\p≈ D]-I-c-Ww.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Iq´p-∂q. el-cn-bn¬ cm shfp-∏n-°p-∂p. temIsa-s¥∂v Adn-bp-t∂-bn-√. `n£-bmWv DuWn\v
Sn°-‰v. cmhp apgp-h≥ Npa. ASp-Øp-In-S-∂p-d-ßp∂-h\pw Dd-°-an-√m-Xm-°pw. Cß-s\-√m-ap≈
kn≤n-Ifpw kw\ym-kn-Øhpw Rßƒ°p-≠v.
]ns∂ Xms\¥n\v Rßf \nµn- ° p- ∂ p?
sIm≈-cp-Xm-tØm-∑msc! \sΩ D]-{Z-hn-°p-∂hsc \Ωƒ `kva-am-°n-I-f-bpw.
]WvUn-X≥:˛ CsX√mw aqV-∑m-cp-sSbpw,
sIm≈-cp-Xm-Ø-h-cp-sSbpw kw\y-kvX-c-√m-Øh-cp-tSbpw Imcy-am-Wv. \√-h-cp-tS-X-√. tIt´mfq. ""km[vt\mXn ]cm-Wn, [¿a-Im-cym-Wn,
kkm[px'' [¿a- b p- ‡ - a mb DØa Imcyw
sNøp∂, kZm ]tcm-]-Imc \nc-X-\mb, Zp¿KpW-an-√mØ hnZzm\pw ktXym-]-tZ-jvSm-hpw, D]Im-cn-bp-amb BfmWv kw\ym-kn.
JmJn:˛ Xm≥t]m-tSm. \o kw\ym-knsb
F¥-dn™p? kw\ym-kn-bpsS t]m°p thsd.
`b-s∏-Sp-Ø-cpXv. Cu sImSn-ep 187sIm≠v Xcpsam∂v. Xebpw s]m´pw.
]Wv U nX≥:˛ icnbmWv JmJo. Xs‚
hgn°p t]mIq. \tΩmSp Ib¿t°-≠. Cu cmPyta-sX∂v Adn-bmtam? Bsc-¶nepw sIm∂m¬
]nSn-Iq-Spw, ASn-In-´pw. As√-¶n¬ h[-in-£-In´pw. ]ns∂¥p sNøpw? CsXm∂pw kw\ym-knbpsS e£-W-a-√.
JmJn:˛ FSm ]nt≈tc! \nßƒ C∂v F¥p
IWn-bmWv ImWn-®Xv?
]WvUn-X≥:˛ \nßƒ- Hcn-°epw \√ almflm-°-fpsS injy-\m-bn-ń-√. As√-¶n¬ C{Xh-enb hnUvVn-bm-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.
JmJn:˛ \mwXs∂ alm-flm-hm-Wv. as‰mcp
alm-flm-hns‚ km£n-th-≠.
]WvUn-X≥:-˛ `mKy-tZm-jn-I-fpsS _p≤n-bpw,
Zpc-`n-am-\-hp-amWv \nß-fp-tS-Xv. F¥v sNømw!
JmJn kzÿm\-tØ°pw ]WvUn-X≥ hońte°pw t]mbn.
hb- ≥ JmJnbpw injy\pw
k‘ybv°p Zo]m-cm-[\ Ign™v `kva-[m-cnI-sf√mw, hr≤-\mb JmJn _[n-c-\m-Wt√m
F∂p I-cpXn km´mw-Kw, km´mwKw F∂n-ßs\
]d™v km£vSmwKw \a-kvI-cn®v Np‰p-an-cp-∂p.
JmJn tNmZy-am-cw-`n-®p.
""FSm cmaZmkntb \o F¥p ]Sn®p?''
""alm-cmPv Rm≥ t_kv\p-k-l-k-cv\maw
]Tn®p''
""FSm tKmhnµZmkntb \o F¥p ]Tn®p?''
"" Rm≥ cma-k-X-h-cmPw ]Tn®p''.
cma-Zm-k≥- tNm-Zn-®p. ""Asß¥p ]Tn®p?''
""Rm≥ -KoX ]Tn®p''
""Acp-S-SpØv?''
JmJn:˛ t]mSm sNdp-°m, Rm\m-tcbpw Kpcphm-°mdn-√. t\m°v, \mw ]cm-K-bn¬ ({]-bm-K)
Xma-kn-°m¿∂v. \a°v A®-cw-t]mepw Adn-hn√m¿∂v. GtXepw Xmdp-]m-©nb ]WvUn-Øns\
ImWp-tºmƒ Cu hf-™-®-c-Øns‚ t]sc-¥mWv. A¿Ø-sa-¥m-Wv. Aßs\ tNmZn®v tNmZn®v
]Xn-s\-´-Xymbw KoX ImWmsX ]Sn-®p. Bcpw
Kpcp-hn-√m-sX.
C{]Imc-ap≈ ⁄m\i-{Xp-°ƒ Ahn-Zym-`h-\-Øn¬ Xs∂ ]m¿∏°nbn-s√-¶n-et√ A¤pX-ap≈q! Ch¿ el-cn-bn-√msX {]aØ-cmI-m-sX
hg-°p-≠m-°msX Ccn-°n-√. Xo\pw -Iq-Snbpw
aWn-b-Sn-bpw, iwJ-Øpw, s\cn-t∏mSp IØn-°epw, Np‰nb-Sn-°-epw- A-√msX bmsXmcp \√Im-cyhpw sNøm-td-bn-√. ITn-\-ine Dcp-°m\m¿°m\pw Ign-t™-°pw. ]t£ Cu JmJnIsf Bfl-t_m-[-ap-≈-h-cm-°m≥ hnj-a-am-Wv.
Fs¥- ∂ m¬ iq{Zh¿WØn¬s∏´ Iqen°mcpw, Irjn-°m-cpw, Irjn-∏W
- n-°m-cpw, sh≈w
tImcp-∂-hcpw Ah-cpsS tPmen-bp-t]-£n®v
`kvaw ]qin sshcm-Kn-Iƒ Bhp-I-bmWv sNøp∂- X v. hnZy, k’wKw, F∂nhtb∏‰n
Ah¿°dnhn-√. Ch-cn¬ \mY-k-{º-Zm-bn-Iƒ
"\ax inhmb' F∂pw `kva-te-]n-Iƒ "\rknwlm-b-\ax' F∂pw cmam-h-Xm-c∑m¿ "{iocm-a-N{µm-b-\ax' AYhm "{io koXm-cm-am-`ymw-\ax'
F∂pw, IrjvtWm-]m-kI
- ¿ "{iocm[m IrjvWm`ymw-\ax' AYhm "\tam-`-K-htX hmkp-tZ-hmb'
276
188. ]ucm-Wn-I-cmb kw\ym-kn-Iƒ ssIhiw hbv°p∂
Ia-WU
v e
- p-hmWv Xqw_. AXn¬ GXp-sh≈w kq£n®mepw sh≈w ip≤-am-Ipw. k©m-cn-I-fmb kw\ymkn-am¿ ip≤-Pew e`n-°p-hm≥ kzoI-cn-®n-cp∂ eLpam¿K-am-bn-cp∂p CXv. C∂sØ kw\ym-kn-am¿ kq£n°p∂ kap-{Z-ê
- t- am, temltam sIm≠p≈ Ia-WU
v ep-h-√, t]®p-c-bv°m-tØm-Sm-Wn-Xv. Cu t«mIw cmakvt\-lo-[¿a-{]-Im-iw, cma-]-S-e-Øn-ep-≠v.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
F∂pw _wKm-fn-Iƒ "tKmhn-µm-b-\ax' F∂pap≈ a{¥-ß-fmWv sNhn-bn¬ P]n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p∂-Xv. CXp Ign-™m¬ Ah¿ injy- cm- bn.
]n∂oSv ]dbpw:˛ Ipt™! Xpº-a{¥w sNm√v.
Pew ]hn-X-cw, ÿew ]hn-Xcw InWdp
]hn-Xcw inh≥ ]d-bs´ tIt´ms´ ]m¿∆-Xn˛-Xqw-_m-]-hn-X-cw. 188
Cß-s\-sb√mw ]d-bp-∂-h¿ hnZzm-∑mtcm
temI-Øn\p]Im-cn-Itfm BIptam? `kva-[mcn-Iƒ cm]-I¬ s\cn-t∏mtSm Bgntbm Iqń
hnd-sI-cn®p If-bp-∂p. Hcp amkw Ch¿ sNeh-gn-°p∂ hnd-In\p ]Icw Iºn-fntbm at‰m
hmßn D]-tbm-Kn-®m¬ \qdn-sem-cp-`mKw ]WwsIm≠v kpJ- a mbn Ign- b mw. Cu _p≤n
Ah¿s°-hnsS \n∂p In´m-\mWv? Bgn-°pNp‰pw Ccn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v ˛ NqSp-Im-bp-∂-XpsIm-≠v˛ Ch¿ X]-kzn-I-sf∂ t]cp [mcWw
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. F¶n¬ Im´p-a-\p-jy¿ Chtc-°mƒ X]-kznIfmbn-cn°pw! kwi-b-an-√. PSh-®v, `kvaw [cn-®v, XneIw [cn-®v, X]-kzn-I-fmIm-\m-hp-sa-¶n¬ B¿s°-¥m-Wm-Im≥ Ign-bmØXv? Ch¿ ]pdta XymKn-Ifpw AIta t`mKnI-fp-am-Wv.
I_o¿ ]Ÿn-Iƒ
tNmZyw:˛ I_o¿ ]Ÿn-Iƒ \√-h-ct√?
DØcw:˛ A√.
tNmZyw:˛ F¥p- s Im- ≠ √? Ah¿ hn{Klmcm[\m-hn-tcm-[n-I-fm-Wv. I_o¿ ]pjv]-ßfn¬ \n∂p-≠m-bn. HSp°w ]pjv]-am-hp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. {_“m hnjvWp atl-iz-c-∑m¿°p
apºp Xs∂ I_o¿ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. thZ-˛-]p-cmW-ßƒ°p-t]mepw Adn-hn-√mØ Imcy-ß-f-dnbm-hp∂ alm-kn-≤-\m-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. kXyØns‚ hgn ImWn®Xv At±lw am{X-am-Wv. ChcpsS a{¥-ßƒ "kXy-\maw I_o¿' apX-em-bhbmWv.
DØcw:˛ I√pw a‰pw shSn- ™ v , Iń¬,
Itkc, Xe-bnW saXn-b-Sn, Zo]w apX-em-bhsb ]qPn-°p-∂Xv H´pw hyXy-kvX-a-√. I_o¿
Hcp h≠m-bn-cpt∂m? AtXm samt´m? Fßs\-bmWv At±lw ]qhn¬ \n∂p-≠m-bXpw
]qhm-bn-Øo¿∂Xpw? CXp-ic
- n-sb-¶n¬ C\n ]dbp- ∂ Xpw t\cm- t b- ° mw. Imin- b n- s emcp
s\bvØp-Im-c\p≠mbn-cp-∂p. Abmƒ°v Ipń-
I-fn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp Znhkw shfp-∏n\v DuSp-hgntb \S-°p-tºmƒ Hcp ]pjv]-°q-S-bn¬ A∂p
cm{Xn P\n® Hcp Ipńsb I≠p. AXns\
FSpØv Xs‚ `mcybv°v sImSp-Øp. Ahƒ B
Ipńsb hf¿Øn. Ipń {]mb- a m- b - t ∏mƒ
s\bvØp tPmen sNbvXp h∂p. ]n∂oSv Hcp
]WvUn-Xs‚ ASpØv sN∂v kwkvIrXw ]Tn°m-\m-hi
- y-s∏-´t- ∏mƒ "\mw s\bvØp-Imsc ]Tn∏n-°m-dn√' F∂v ]d™v A]-am-\n-®p-hn-´p.
ho≠pw ]e-tcbpw kao-]n-®p. Bcpw ]Tn-∏n-®n√. HSp-hn¬ X\n°p tXm∂nb `mj-bn¬ hnZym`ym-k-an-√m-Ø-hsc Hmtcm∂pw ]Tn-∏n-°p-hm-\mwcw-`n-®p. Xw_pcp aoń ]mSp-Ibpw `P-\I
- ƒ Be]n-°bpw sNbvXp. hnti-jn®pw ]WvUn-X-∑mtcbpw thZ-im-kv{X-ß-tfbpw \nµn®p t]m∂p.
Nne aqV-∑m¿ CubmfpsS he-bn¬s]-´p acn®-t∏mƒ Nne¿ tN¿∂v Ct±-lsØ kn≤-\m°n. Pohn-®n-cns° injyØzw kzoI-cn-®-h¿
]n∂oSv a‰p-≈-hsc ]Tn-∏n®p t]m∂p.
sNhn-b-S®p ]nSn-®m¬ tIƒ°p∂ i_vZØn\v Ch¿ "A\-lX' i_vZ-sa∂v t]cn-´p.
at\m- h r- Ø n°v "kpcXn' F∂p ]d- b p- ∂ p.
CXns\ i_vZw tIƒ°p-∂-Xn¬ Dd-∏n-°-Ww.
AXn\v k¥-[ym-\-sa∂pw Cuiz-c-[ym-\-sa∂pw
]d-bp-∂p. AhnsS Ime-\p-t]mepw kao-]n-°m\m-hn-√. Ip¥-Øns‚ BIr-Xn-bn-ep≈ XneIhpw Nµ-\-am-ebpw [cn-°p-∂p. Cu am¿Kw
Btflm-∂-Xntbm ⁄mt\m-∂-Xntbm D≠mIptam F∂p Nn¥n-°p-I. CsX√mw shdpw Ipń°-fn-Iƒ Xs∂.
kn°p-aX JWvU\w
tNmZyw:˛ ]©m-_n-¬ Kpcp-\m-\m°v Hcp aXw
{]N- c n- ∏ n- ® p. At±lw hn{K- l m- c m- [ - \ sb
FXn¿Øp. apk¬am- ∑ m- c m- h p- ∂ - X n¬ \n∂v
c£n-®p. At±lw kw\ym-kn-bm-bn-√, Krlÿm-{iaw XpS¿∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ Bibw
\√-Xm-bn-cp-s∂∂v Cu at{¥m-]-tZ-i-Øn¬
\n∂v shfn-hmIpw:˛
""Hmw kXy-\ma IcvØm ]pcpjv \ncvt`m
\ncvsshcv AIm-e-aqcvØv AtPm\n kl`w
Kpcp-{]-kmZv P]v. BZn-k-Nv, PqKm-Zn-k-Nv,
sslò kNv, \m\Iv tlmkoò kNv'' 189
277
189. P]vPn, ]uUn 1
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
"Hmw F∂Xv BcpsS kXy-\m-a-amtWm B
I¿Øm-hmb ]pcp-j≥ \n¿`-b-\pw, sshc-c-lnX- \ pw, AIm- e - a q¿Øn AYhm Ime- _ - ‘ Ønepw P∑-_‘
-- -Ønepw hcm-Ø-h-\p-a-t{X.
Kpcp-Ir-]-bm¬ Ahs‚ \maw P]n-°p-I. B
]c-am-flmhv BZn-bn¬ kXyw, bpK-ßf
- psS BZnbn¬ kXyw, h¿Ø-am-\Øn¬ kXyw, `mhnbnepw kXyw Xs∂.
DØcw:˛ Kpcp-\m-\m-°ns‚ Bibw \√-Xmbn-cp-∂p. ]t£ H´pw hnZzm-\-√m-bn-cp-∂p. B
{]tZ-isØ {Kma-ß-fnse `mj am{Xw Adn-bmam-bn-cp-∂p. thZmZn imkv{X-ßtfm kwkvIrXtam Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-s∂¶n¬ "\n¿`b' F∂-Xn\v "\n¿t`m' Fs∂-gp-Xp∂-sX-ßs\?
CXn- \ p- Z m- l - c Ww At±lw Fgp- X nb
kwkvIr-Xn-kvtXm-{X-am-Wv. kwkvIr-X-Ønepw
\ne-bp-d-∏n-°-W-sa∂v B{Klw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
F∂m¬, ]Tn-°m-sX-ßs\ kwkvIrXw hiamIpw? Hcn-°epw kwkvIrXw tIń-´p-t]m-epan-√mØ B {Kmao-W¿°n-S-bn¬ kwkvIrXn
kv t Xm{X- s a- g pXn ]Wv U n- X - \ m- b n- ° m- W pw.
kz¥w am\w \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xn\pw JymXn°pw
B{K-l-an-√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Cßs\ sNøp-I-bn√m-bn-cp-∂p. Xs∂ AwKo-I-cn-°-W-sa-∂-t±lw
B{K-ln-®n-cp-∂p. As√-¶n¬ X\n-°-dn-bm-am-bncp∂ `mjtb {]tbm-Kn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. Xm≥
kwkvIrXw ]Tn-®n-ń-s√∂pw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p.
Zpc-`n-am\w kzev]w D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-˛-A-Xn-\-\p-kcn®v Io¿Øn°pw AwKo-I-cm-Øn\pw th≠n
Aev]w Uw`pw ImWn-®n-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚
{KŸ-Øn¬ Aßp-anßpw thZ-\n-µbpw thZkvXp-Xnbpw ImWmw. Aßs\ Fgp-Xn-bn-s√¶n¬ Bsc- ¶ nepw thZm¿∞w tNmZn- ° pw.
DØcw Adn-™p-Iq-sS-¶n¬ AwKo-Imcw \jvSs∏-Spw. AXn-\m¬ t\ctØ Xs∂ kz¥w
injy-∑m-tcmSp Nne-t∏mƒ thZ-Øn\p hncp-≤ambpw Nne- t ∏mƒ thZ- Ø n- \ - \ p- I q- e - a mbpw
]d™p t]m∂p. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v thZv ]VXv
{_“m atc, Nmtdmw thZv Ilm-\n. k¥v In
alnam thZv \ Pm\o. \m\mIv {_“-⁄m\o
B]v ]c-ta-iz-cv, 190 (thZw ]Tn®v {_“mhv acn®p. \mep thZhpw IY, k¥ns‚ alna thZ-adn-bp-∂n-√, \m\mIv {_“-⁄m-\n-bmb Cuizc-\m-Wv.) thZw ]Tn-®-h¿ acn-s®-¶n¬ \m\m-Iv,
ac-W-an-√m-Ø-h-\mWv Xms\∂v [cn-®n-cpt∂m?
At±-lhpw acn-®nt√? thZw F√m kXy-hn-ZyI-fp-tSbpw `WvUm-ca
- m-Wv. \mep thZ-ßfpw IYbm-sW-∂p-]-d-bp-∂-h-cpsS hm°p-I-sf√mw IYbmWv. k¥v F∂p ]d-bp∂ aqV-∑m-cmb ]mhßƒ°v thZ-ß-fpsS alna Hcn-°epw Adn-hmIp-I-bn-√. Kpcp-\m-\mIv thZ-ßsf am{Xw kzoIcn-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ At±-l-Øns‚ aX-k-{º-Zmbw
{]N-cn-°p-I-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øn\p Kpcphm-Im\pw Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. kwkvIr-X-hnZy
A`y-kn-°msX a‰p-≈-hsc ]Tn--∏n®v Fßs\
injy-cm-°m-\mWv!
Kpcp\m- \ mIv P\n® ImeØv ]©m_v
Xo¿Øpw kwkvIr- X - h nZym hnlo- \ hpw
apk¬am-∑m-cm¬ ]oUn-X-hp-am-bn-cp-s∂-∂Xv
t\cm-Wv. A∂t±lw Iptdt∏sc c£n®p. 191
Kpcp-\m-\m-°ns‚ ImeØv At±-l-Øn\v hfsc
injy-∑mtcm kz¥w aX-Øn\v {]Nm-ctam D≠mbn-√. hnZzm-∑m-c-√m-Ø-hsc acn-®p-I-gn-™m¬
kn≤-∑m-cm-°p∂ k{º-Zm-ba
- m-Wt√m D≈-Xv. acW-ti-j-amWv At±-l-Øns\ Cuizc Xpey\m°n _lp-am-\n-®X
- v. Kpcp-\m-\m°v henb [\hm-\m-bn-cp-∂n-√. F∂m¬ injy-∑m¿ At±lsØ henb kn≤\pw {]Xm-]nbpw sFiz-cyim-en-bp-am°n "\m\Iv Nt{µm-Zbw' "P∑-imJn'
apX- e mb {KŸ- ß - f n¬ Nn{Xo- I - c n- ® n- ´ p- ≠ v .
\m\mIv {_“m-hns\ I≠v hfsc kw`m-jWw
\S-Øn, F√m tZh-∑mcpw At±-lsØ _lpam--\n-®p. At±-l-Øns‚ hnhm-l-Øn\v hf-sctbsd B\- I - f pw, cY- ß - f pw, IpXnc- I - f pw,
kz¿Æw sh≈n, apØv ]hn-gw, apX-em-b-h-bm¬
hn`q-jn-X-ambn h∂p, AaqeycXv\-ßƒ°vA‰
hpw Adp-Xn-bp-an-√m-bn-cp∂p Fs∂√mw FgpXn-∏n-Sn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. CsXms° ]pfp-h-s√-¶n¬
]ns∂-¥mWv? CsX√mw injy-∑m-cpsS ]Wn-
190. kzev]w hymXym-kß
- t- fm-sS, Bkm 1.10 cmP-Xn-ewKw
1.1., kpJva\o ]uUn 7˛8, 8˛6 F∂n-h-bn¬ Ch
\mepw ImWmw.
191. aXw amdp-∂-Xn¬\n∂v c£n-s®-∂¿Yw.
278
192. kn°p-Im-cnse kpYtc imlv F∂-bm-fns‚ A\pbm-bn-Iƒ
193. ]pc-›-cWw Hcp-Xcw ]qP-bm-Wv. GsX-¶nepw tZhX-bpsS a{¥w D®-cn®v tlmaw \S-Øp-∂p. henb
i‡n B tZhX \¬Ip-sa∂v hnizm-kw. ChnsS
Zp¿K-bm-bn-cp∂p tZh-X.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
bm-Wv. Kpcp-\m\m-°ns‚ Ip‰-a-√. ]n∂oSv Ct±-l-Øns‚ ]p{X≥ DZmkn F∂pw Kpcp-cm-a-Zmkv
apX-em-b-h¿ "\n¿Ωem' F∂pw c≠p hn`m-Kß-fp-≠m-°n. a‰p Kpcp-°-∑m¿ B[n-]X
-- y-Øn-encns° {KŸ- ß - s f- g pXn aqe- { K- Ÿ - t ØmSp
tN¿Øp. Ch-cn¬ ]Øm-a-\mWv Kpcp-tKm-hn-µknw-l≥. At±-l-Øn\p tijw {KŸ-Øn¬
Iqń- t ®¿°- e p- ≠ m- b n- √ . A∂p- h - t c- b v ° p≈
sNdp-]p-kvX-I-ß-sf√mw Iqń-t®¿Øv H‰ {KŸam-°n. \m\m°n\p tij-ap-≠mb Kpcp-°-∑m¿
]pcm-W-I-Y-I-tf-t∏mse At\Iw IY-I-sf-gpXn
At±-l-Øns‚ {KŸ-Øn¬ tN¿Øp F∂p ]d™p-ht√m? F∂m¬ "{_“-⁄m\n Cuizc\m'sW∂ kn≤m¥w Ch¿°v henb Ipg-∏ß-fp-≠m-°n. Kpcp-\m-\m°v henb {]m[m\yw
sImSpØ ssZhn-I-amb Awi-ßƒ Ah¿ AhK-Wn-®p. \m\m-°ns‚ ]mc-ºcyw am‰-an-√msX
XpS¿∂n-cps∂¶n¬ \∂m-bn-cp-t∂-t\. Ct∏mƒ
Xß-tf-‰hpw ap¥n-b-h-cm-sW∂v DZm-kn-Ifpw
AXp-t]mse \n¿Ω-e cpw Ah-Im-i - s∏- S th
AIm-en-Ifpw kpX-tc-l-kmbn 192Ifpw AtX
Ah-Im-i-hmZw D∂-bn-°p-∂p.
Cu Kpcp-°-∑m-cn¬ tKmhn-µ-knw-l≥ Akm[m-cW [oc-\m-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ ap≥Kman-Iƒ apkvfo-ß-fpsS sImSpw ]oU-\-ßƒ°v
Cc-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AXn\p {]Xn-Imcw sNøm≥
At±lw C—n- ® p. F∂m¬ At±- l - Ø ns‚
]°¬ Bh-iy-amb kma-{Kn-I-sfm∂pw C√m-bncp-∂p. apKƒ B[n-]Xyw AXns‚ D®m-h-ÿbn¬ FØp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw Hcp ]pc›-cWw 193 \S-Øn. AXns‚ kam-]vXn-bn¬
Cßs\ {]Jym-]n®p:˛ ""F\n°v tZhn {]Xy-£bmbn hchpw hmfpw \¬In- b n- c n- ° p- ∂ p.
apk¬am-∑m-tcmSv bp≤w sNøm≥ B⁄m-]n°bpw hnPbw Dd-∏m-sW∂v A\p-{K-ln-°bpw
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p''. hf-sc-t∏¿ At±-l-Øs‚
IqsSt®¿∂p. hma-am¿Kn-Iƒ ]©-a-Im-c-ß-fpw,
N{Im-¶n-X¿ ]©-kw-kv°m-c-ßfpw \S-∏n-em-°nb-Xp-t]mse At±lw "]©-I-Imc'ßƒ \S∏m-°n. Ch bp≤Øn-\p-]-I-cn-°p-∂p. 1. tIiw˛
Xe-apSn \oń hf¿Øp-I. CXv hmfn¬ \n∂pw
hSn-bn¬ \n∂pw Ipd®p c£ \¬Ip-∂p. 2. I¶Ww˛ hf. CXv Xebv°pw ssIbv°pw H´p kwc£Ww \evIp-∂p. 3. I—m. (\n-°¿) apń\v apIfn¬ DSp- Ø p- s I- ´ p∂ Cu hkv { X- h n- t ijw
HmSm\pw NmSm\pw kuIcyw \evIp-∂p. KpkvXn°m-cpw, \S-∑mcpw CXp-Sp-°p-∂p. ico-c-Øns‚
a¿Ω- ÿ m\w kwc- £ n- ° m\pw Bbm- k - a n√msX \oßm\pw CXp sIm≈mw. 4. I¶m. (No∏v) Xe-apSn NoIn-sh-bv°m-\p-]-I-cn-°p-∂p. 5.
ImNq As√-¶n¬ Ir]m-Ww. (I-Tmc apX¬
hmƒ hsc) CXpw bp≤- Ø n\p sIm≈mw.
CsX√mw B Ime-tØ-bv°p- th≠n Kpcp-tKmhn- µ - k nw- l ≥ kz_p- ≤ n- b p- ] - t bm- K n®v \S∏m°nbXm-Wv. C∂v Ch-sIm≠v {]tbm-P-\sam-∂p-an-√. bp≤-Øn-\pth≠n A∂p {]bp-‡am-bh C∂v aX-Øns‚ `mK-ambn amdn-bn-cn-°p∂p.
Ch¿ hn{K-lm-cm-[\ \S-Øp-∂n-s√-¶n-epw,
AXn\p ]Icw {K\vY]qP \S-Øp-∂p-≠v. AtNX-\-amb GXn-s‚-sb-¶nepw ap≥]n¬ Xe-Ip-\n°p-∂-Xpw, AXns\ ]qPn-°p-∂-Xp-sa√mw hn{Klm-cm-[-\-X-s∂-bm-Wv. hn{K-lm-cm-[-I¿ `‡n°-®-hSw \SØn hbdp ]ng-bv°p-∂-Xp-t]mse
C°q-ćpw sNøp-∂p. ]qPm-cn-Iƒ Z¿i\w \SØn-°p-Ibpw hgn-]m-Sp-Iƒ Ign-∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNøp- ∂ - X p- t ]mse \m\Iv k{º- Z m- b - ° m¿
{KŸ-]qP \S-Øp-Ibpw hgn-]m-Sp-Iƒ Ign-∏n-°pIbpw sNøp-∂p. hn{K-lm-cm-[I
- ¿ thZsØ BZcn-°p-∂-{Xbpw C°q-´¿ BZ-cn-°p-∂n-√. Ch¿
thZ-ßƒ I≠n-´p-an√ tIń-´p-an√ F∂p ]d-bmhp- ∂ - X m- W v . F¥p sNømw. ImWp- I tbm
tIƒ°p-Itbm sNøm≥ CS-h-cp-∂, \n¿_-‘_p-≤nbpw Zpcm-{K-ln-bp-a-√mØ _p≤n-am-∑mcmb GXp k{º-Zm-b-°mcpw thZ-aXw kzoI-cn°p-I-Xs∂ sNøpw. Ch¿ `£-W-kw-_-‘nbmb Ht´sd A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ C√m-Xm-°n-bn-´p≠v. AXp-t]mse hnj-bm-k-‡nbpw Zpc-`n-am\hpw XyPn®v thZ-a-XsØ t]mjn-∏n-®m¬
\∂m-bn-cn-°pw.
ZmZq-]Ÿn JWvU\w
tNmZyw:-˛ ZmZq-]-Ÿn-aXw \√-Xt√?
DØcw:˛ \√Xv thZ-am¿§-amWv. kzoI-cn-°m\m-hp-sa-¶n¬ kzoI-cn-°p-I. A-s√-¶n¬ kZm
279
194. t]Pv 441-˛3-˛mw hcn apX¬ D≈ JWvUnI t\m°pI.
195. cmP-ÿm-\nse DZ-b-]q¿ cmPy-Ønse Hcp kma-¥cm- P y- Ø ns‚ Xe- ÿ m\w ò¬hmU F∂
sdbn¬th-tÃ-j\v 56 In.-ao. Ing-°v.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
sX‰mb am¿§-Øn¬ s]´p-t]m-Ipw. ZmZq P\n®Xv KpP- d mØnemWv. ]n∂oSv Pb- ] qcn\SpØp≈ Bta-cn¬ ]m¿Øp. FÆ-°-®-hS- a m- b n- c p∂p tPmen. Cuiz- c - k r- j v S n- b nse
hnNn{X eoe-I-fn¬ H∂mWv ZmZq-Pnsb ]qPn°m- \ m- c w- ` n- ® - X v . Ct±- l - Ø ns‚ injy- ∑ m¿
thZmZn imkv{X-ß-fn¬ ]d-™n-´p-≈-sX√mw
shSn™v "ZmZq-dmw, ZmZqdmw' P]-Øn¬ am{Xw
ap‡n Is≠-Øp-∂p. ktXym-]-tZ-i-I-cn-√msX
hcp-tºmƒ CØcw A‘-hn-izm-k-ß-fp-≠mIpw. 194
cma-kvt\ln aXw.
Ip-d®p Imew ap≥]v cma-kvt\ln Fs∂mcp
aXw imlv]pc 195bn¬ P∑-sa-Sp-Øp. Ah¿
thtZm-‡-amb [¿Ω-ß-sf√mw shSn™v "cma˛-cma' P]n-°p-∂Xp Xs∂ t{ijvT-sa∂pw AXnemWv ⁄m\ [ym\-ap-‡n-I-sf∂pw hniz-kn°p-∂p. ]t£ hni-°p-tºmƒ cma-\m-a-Øn¬
\n∂p DuWv e`n-°p-I-bn-√. `£y-t]-b-ßƒ
Krl-ÿc
- psS ]°¬ \nt∂ In´q. Ahcpw hn{Klm-cm-[-\sb FXn¿°p∂p. F∂m¬ Hmtcm-cpØcpw kzbw hn{K-l-ß-fm-hp-I-bm-Wv. C°q-´¿
kZm kv{XoI-fp-am-bmWv k©m-cw. Fs¥-∂m¬
cma\v "cman' Cs√-¶n¬ B\-µ-e-_v[n-bn-√. cmakvt\lnaX-sØ-∏‰n Nne hnh-c-ß-sf-gp-Xmw.
k¥vZmkvPn Fgp-Xn-b, cma-kvt\-ln-I-fpsS Hcp
{KŸ-Øn¬ C{]-Imcw Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
""`cav tcmKv k_vlo anSym, cSym \ncRvP\v
cmC, X_v Pav ImImKPv ^Sym ISym
IcvavX_v PmC (\n-c-RvP\ cma-\maw P]n-®t∏mƒ A⁄m-\w˛ {àw \in-®p. At∏mƒ
bas‚ \nb-a]
- miw s]mń, I¿Ω-_‘
- hpw A‰pt]m-bn) "cma cma' F∂p P]n®m¬ {àw˛A⁄m-\w-˛-A-I-ep-tam-sb∂pw ]m]-Øn\p X°
in£-sb∂ ba-\o-Xn-bpw, sNbvX I¿Ω-Øn¬
\n∂p hnSp-Xepw e`n-°p-tam-sb∂pw _p≤n-am∑m¿ Nn¥n-°s´ CsX√mw a\p-jys\ ]m]Øn¬ IpSp-°p∂-Xn\pw a\p-jy-P∑w \jvSam°p-∂-Xn-\pta sIm≈mhq. ChcpsS apJy-Kp-cphm-bn-cp∂p cmavN-c¨. At±-l-Øns‚ hm°pIƒ:˛
alam \mwh {]Xm]vIo kpWu kc-aWv
NnXv emC. cma-N-cWv ck\m cSu {Iav kIev
QSv PmC. Pn\v Pn\v kpacym \mwhv Iqw
tkmk_v DXcym ]mcv. cmavN-c¨ tPm hok-
cym, tkmlo Pav tI Zzmcv. cmavhn\m k_v
QpTv _Xm-tbm. cmav `PXv OqSym k_v{IΩm
Nµv Acp kqcv tZC ]c-I-Ωm. cmav tlw
Xn\Iqw ss`\mlnw Xo\v temIvtaw IocXn
Kmlow. cmav cSXv Pav tPm¿ \ emssK. cmav
cmav enJv ]∞¿ Xcm- b n. `KXn tlmXn
HuXmcv ln [cvln DuwNv \oN Ipe-t`Z hnNmssc, tkmtXm P\a B]- t Wm- l mssc
kwkmw ssI Ipev Zossk \mlow, cma cma
Ilv cmav kw lm-avlow. sFtkm IpW tPm
IocvXn Kmssh lcn-l-cn-P\ Iu ]mc \ ]m
ssh cma kwXmw Im A¥ \ Bssh B]v
B]vIo _p≤n ka Kmssh.
""\maw P]n-°p-∂-Xns‚ {]tbm-P\w {i≤tbmsS tIƒ°p-I. cma-N-cW \mhv \nß-tfmsSm∏w P]n-°p-∂p. AXv Ign™ I¿Ω-ß-sfsb√mw C√m-Xm-°pw. P]n-®-h-sc√mw A°-scI-S∂
- p. ad-∂h
- s
- c√mw bas‚ k∂n-[n-bn-te°pw
B\-bn-°-s∏-´p. cma-\-√m-Ø-sX√mw anYy-bmWv. F√m I¿Ω-ßfpw cma-kva-c-W-bn¬ \in°p-∂p. kqcy N{µ-∑m¿ P]-°m-c\p Np‰pw
{àWw sNøp-∂p. cma-s\∂p ]d-bp-∂-h\v `bw
hcn√. -{Xn-tem-I-ßfpw Ahs\ Io¿Øn-°p∂p. \nßƒ cma-s\∂p P]n-°q. temIw, Hcp
Np°pw sNøp-I-bn-√. cma cma Fs∂-gp-Xnb
I√v Pe-Øn¬ s]mßn-°n-S-°pw. cma≥ Ah-Xcn®Xv kz`-‡-kw-c-£-W-Øn-\m-Wv. D®-\o-NXz-ßƒ Nn¥n-°p∂ IpSpw-_-t`Zw Nn¥n-°p∂
Bƒ Ahs‚ P∑w apSn-°p∂p. kw\ym-kn-Isf
kw_-‘n®v IpSpw_w A{]-k-‡w. Ah¿ cma
cma F∂p P]n-°p-Ibpw cma-\n¬ ebn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p. B¿°pw cma-\ma alXzw apgp-h≥
{]I-Sn-∏n-°m-\m-hn-√. lcn-bpsS alXzw Af°m-\m-hn-√. cma≥ ]d-bp∂p ˛ k¥p-°-fpsS
i‡n A¥-a-‰-Xm-Wv. Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw Ah-\hs‚ i‡n-s°mØv ]mSp-∂p.
cma-N-c-Ws‚ ]pkvXIw t\m°p-tºmƒ a\ n-em-°m-hp∂ Imcy-am-Wv, Cu a\p-jy≥ Hcp
km[m-cW {Kmao--W\m-bn-cp∂p F∂Xv. ]Tn-∏n√m-Ø-bmƒ. As√-¶n¬ Cß-s\-sbms°bp≈
Akw-_‘w Fgp-Xn-∏n-Sn-∏n°p-ambn-cpt∂m?
cma cma F∂p ]d- b p- ∂ - X p- s Im≠v I¿Ω-
280
196. tJUm]m cma-kvt\lnIfpsS tI{µ-am-Wv. cmP-ÿm\nse \mKu¿Pn-√-bnse Hcp km[m-cW {Kma-amWn-Xv.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Øn¬\n∂v ap‡-cm-Im-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv shdpw
{à-am-Wv. CXv Xt‚bpw a‰p-≈-h-cp-sSbpw P∑w
]mgm-°mt\ sIm≈m-hq. ba-`bw alm-`bw
Xs∂-sb-¶nepw, cm]-I¬ cma cma F∂p P]n®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂mepw, I≈-∑m¿, sIm≈-°m¿,
hym{Lw, k¿∏w, tXƒ, sImXpIv apX-em-b-htbm- S p≈ `bw hn´p- t ]m- I p- ∂ n- √ . i¿°c,
i¿°c F∂p ]- d - ™ m¬ a[p- c n- ° m- Ø - X pt]mse kXy-`m-jWw apX-em-bh sNømsX
cma cma F∂p P]n-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v H∂pw
t\Sm-\m-Ip-∂n-√. cma cma F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv
cma≥ tIƒ°p-∂ns√¶n¬ PohnXw apgp-h≥
Aßs\ ]d-™mepw cma≥ tIƒ°p-I-bn-√.
AYhm tI´m¬ ]n∂oSv hnfn-°p-∂Xpw hy¿Yam-Wv. Ch¿ hb-‰n-∏n--g∏n\p th≠n-bpw A\ycpsS P∑w ]mgm-°n-I-f-bp-∂-Xn\p th≠nbpw
D≠m-°n-h® A¿∞-lo-\-amb G¿∏m-Sm-WnXv.
t]cv cma-kvt\-lnb∂v!. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Ch¿
cmk-kvt\-ln-I-fm-Wv. Ch¿°p Np‰pw kZm
thiy-Iƒ hne-kp-∂Xp ImWmw. Cß-s\-sb√m-ap≈ A\m-Nm-c -ß ƒ {]N-c n-°m- Xn- c p∂p
F¶n¬ Bcy-h¿Ø-Øn\v Cu Zp¿KXn kw`hn- ° p- I - b n- √ m- b n- c p- ∂ p. Ch¿ injy- ∑ msc
F®n¬ Xo‰p-∂p. kv{XoIƒt]mepw Chsc
kmjvSmwKw \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂p. GIm-¥-ambn
kv{XoIƒ k\ym-kn-am-cp-ambn kl-hk
- n-°p-∂p.
Ch-cpsS as‰mcp imJ am¿hmUv tZi-Ønse
"tJUm]m' 196 F∂ {Kma-Øn¬ D≠mbn. AhcpsS IY-bn-{]-Im-c-am-Wv:˛
sNcp-∏p-Ip-Ønbmb cma-Zm-k≥ alm Iuie-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Cbmƒ°v c≠p `mcy-am-cp≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Abmƒ hfsc°mew Ah-[q-Xt\-t∏mse \mbv°-fpsS `£Ww Ign-bv°pIbpw a‰pw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv hma-am¿Knbpw
cma-tZ-hs‚ Ima-Un-bbpw 197 Bbn. Cbm-fpsS
`mcy-amcpw IqsS-∏m-Sp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Aßs\ Np‰n°-dßn koY¬ {Kma-Øn¬ 198 sNcp-∏p-Ip-ØnbpsS Kpcp-hmb lc-cm-a-Zm-kns‚ ASp-°¬
197. cmP-]q-´m-Wn-bnse sNcp∏p IpØn-Iƒ a™-hkv{Xw
[cn®v "i_vZ' sa∂v Ah¿ ]d-bp∂ ]m´p-Iƒ ˛ cmatZ-h-s‚bpw a‰pw ˛]mSn \S-°pw. Chsc Ima-Unb
F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
198. tPm[v]q-cn-\-Sp-Øp≈ hen-sbmcp {Kmaw.
199. ^pte-cm-˛-In-i≥KV tÃj-\p-Iƒ°v at[y Cu
t]cn¬ tÃj-\p≠v.
FØn. cma-tZ-h-aXw D]-tZ-in®v cma-Zm-kns\
injy-\m-°n. cma-Zm-k≥ tJUm-]m-bn¬ sN∂v
AhnSw tI{µ-am°n aX-{]-N-cWw XpS-ßn.
Aßv imlv]p-c-bn¬ sN∂v cma-N-c¨ Xs‚
aXw {]N-cn-∏n-®p. Cbmƒ hym]m-cn-bm-bn-cp∂p. (_-\n-bm.) ZmwX-Um 199 -{Km-a-Ønse Hcp
k\ym- k n- b n¬ \n∂v Imhn hmßn [cn®v
Abmsf Kpcp-hm-°n. imlv]p-c-bn¬ sN∂v
AhnsS ]m¿∏p-d∏
- n-®p. If¶-an-√mØ ]mh-ßsf
thKw hi-Øm-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xn-\m¬ Cbmƒ
ChnsS thcp-d-∏n-®p. P\ßƒ cma-N-c-Ws‚
hm°p-Iƒ t{ijvTa
- mbn Icp-Xp-∂p. Ch¿°v D®\oN t`Z-an-√. {_m“-W\pw A¥y-P\pw Hcpt]mse injyXzw kzoI-cn°mw. Ct∏mgpw Ah¿
IpWv U m]- Ÿ n- I - s f- t ∏msebmWv . IpWv U
(a¨N-ń)bnemWv `£Ww Ign-°p-∂-Xv. thZ[¿Ω-Øn¬ \n∂pw, amXm-]n-Xm-°-fn¬ \n∂pw
-eu-InI hyh-lm-c-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw ]n¥n-cn-∏n®v
injy-cm-°p-∂p. cma-\maw alm-a-{¥-am-sW∂v
Icp-Xp-∂p. CXmWv OpOva (kq-jva) thZ-sa∂-h¿ ]d-bp-∂p. "cma-cma' P]n-®m¬ P∑m-¥-cß-fnse ]m]w C√mXm-Ipw. CX-√msX thsd
ap‡n-am¿K-an-√-. izmk{]-izm-k-Øn-eqsS cmacma ]d-bm≥ D]-tZ-in-°p∂ Bfns\ kXy-Kpcp
F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. kXy-Kpcp Cuiz-c-s\-°mƒ
henb Bfm-Wv. Abm-fpsS {]Xn-asb ]qPn-°p∂p. kw\ym-kn-am-cpsS Im¬ Igp-In-°p-Sn-°p-∂p.
Kpcp- h ns‚ ASp- Ø p- \ n∂p Zqsc- s b- ß m\pw
t]mIp-tºmƒ Kpcp-hns‚ \Jtam apSntbm
ssIhiw hbv°p∂p. Kpcp-hns‚ Nc-Wm-arXw
\nXyhpw tkhn-°-Ww. cma-Zm-k-s‚-bpw lccm-a-Zm-k-s‚bpw hm°p-Isf thZ-tØ°mƒ
{]ma- W n- I - a mbn Icp- X p- ∂ p. AX- S - b - ß nb
{KŸsØ {]Z- £ nWw h®v F´pX- h W
kmjvSmwKw \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂p. Kpcp ASp-Øps≠-¶n¬ kmjvSmwKw \a-k-kvI-cn-®p]-N-cn-°Ww. kv{Xo]p-cp-j-t`-Z-sat\y cma-cma F∂
a{¥w D]-tZ-in®p sImSp-°p-∂p. \ma-kva-c-Wbn-eqsS am{Xw awK-fa
- p-≠m-Ibpw ]Tn-®m¬ ]m]ap-≠m-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-a-t{X. CXn\v {]am-W-ap≠m-°n-bn-´p-≠v.
]WvUnXm Cu]m-t\-]Uo Zm ]qc-_tem
281
200. thZ-hn-cp≤ JWvU-\-sa∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ h√`
aX-sØ-∏‰n {KŸ-Im-c≥ hnkvX-cn-s®-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v.
Cu ]pkv X Iw {]Im- i n- ∏ n- ® - X nt\ XpS¿∂v
al¿jnsb h[n-°m≥ h√` aX-°m¿ Xøm-dmbn.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
]m]v cma-cma kpacymw hn\mw cCKyu cotXm
B]v thZ-]p-cmW ]tV ]tV KoXm cma-`P\ _n{\C Ktb KoXm.
(]-Tn∏v Agp-°p-Xo-‰n-bm-Wv. Ign™ I¿aßƒ°v êw e`n-°pw. cma-\maw P]n-°m-Øh≥ -ip≤-iq-\y-\-t{X. \nßƒ thZw ]pcmWw,
KoX F∂nh ]Tn-®mepw cma-\maw P]n-°mØ
]£w ip≤-iq-\y-\-t{X.)
Cß-sa-bp≈ ]pkvX-I-ß-fmWv D≠m-°n-h®ncn°p-∂-Xv. kv{Xo, `¿Øm-hns\ ip{iq-jn-°p∂Xv ]m]-am-sW∂pw Kpcp-hn-s\bpw k\ym-knam-scbpw ]qPn-°p∂XmWv [¿asa∂pw ]Tn-∏n°p-∂p. h¿Wm-{i-asØ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-√.
{_m“-W≥ "cma-kvt\ln"bs√-¶n¬ \oN\pw
NWvUm-e\pw, cm-a-kvt\-ln-bm-sW-¶n¬ DØa-\m-sW∂pw KWn-°p-∂p. Cuiz-c≥ Ah-X-cn°p- s a∂p hniz- k n- ° p- ∂ ns√∂p ]d- b p- s ∂¶nepw `KXn tlXn HuXm-cln [cln (cma\hX-cn-®Xv kz`‡ kwc-£-W-Øn-\m-Wv) F∂
cmam-N-cW hmIyw apsºhpXn-bn-´p-≠v. Bcyh¿Ø-Øn\p \mi-I-c-amb A\m-Nm-c-ßfpw
A‘-hn-izm-kß-fpw sIm≠v BZy¥w \nd-™XmWv Ch-cpsS aXw.
h√` k{º-Zmbw
tNmZyw:˛ tKmIp-e-hm-kn-I-fmb tKmkm-bn-IfpsS aXw 200 hfsc \√Xm- W - t √m. F¥v sFizcy-amWv Ch-c-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xv. CXv A¤pX-i-‡n-sIm-≠-√msX km[n-°ptam?
DØcw:˛ CXv KrlÿcpsS sFiz-cy-am-Wv.
tKmkm-bn-I-fp-tS-X-√.
tNmZyw:˛ sIm≈mw! sIm≈mw! tKmkm-bnI-fpsS {]Xm-]-Øn¬ \n∂mWo sFiz-cyw,
As√-¶n¬ a‰p-≈-h¿°pw Cu sFizcyw e`n°m-Ø-sX-¥mWv?
DØcw:-˛ a‰p-≈-hcpw Ch-sc-t∏mse Im]Sy-ßƒ sNbvXm¬ sFiz-cy-hm≥am-cmIp-sa-∂Xn-s\-¥mWv kwibw? Ch-tcm-sSm-∏tam H´[n-Itam BImw.
tNmZyw:˛ AXp-sIm≈mw! Ch-cn-se-¥mWv
Im]Syw? CsX√mw tKmtemI eoe-bmWv.
201. {io cma-Zmkv KuU-bpsS "lnµpXzv' F∂ ]pkvX-IØn¬ {io h√-`m-Nm-cy-s\-∏‰n {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂n-SØv
Nºm-cWyw a[y-{]-tZ-inse dmbv]q¿ BsW∂v ]dbp-∂p.
DØcw:- tKmtemI eoe-b-√, tKmkm-bn-eoe-bm-Wv. tKmtemI eoe-bm-sW-¶n¬ tKmtemIhpw CXp-t]m-se-bm-bncn°pw.
Cu aXw sXep-Kp-\m-ń¬ \n∂mWv {]N-cn®-Xv. sXep-¶\mb e£va-W-_´v F∂ {_m“W≥ hnhm-l-Øn\p tijw GtXm Imc-WØm¬ amXm- ] n- X m- ° - t fbpw `mcy- t bbpw
shSn™v Imin-°p-t]m-bn. hnhm-ln-X-\-s∂p
I≈w ]d™v Ahn- s S- s ®∂v kw\ykn®v
Cbmƒ kw\ym-kn-bmb hnhncw Fß-s\tbm
ho´p-Im¿ Adn-™p. A—\Ωamcpw `mcybpw
IqSn Imin- b n¬ sN∂v kw\ym- k w- s Im- S pØbmfnt\mSv bph- X nbmb `mcy- b p≈
Cbmƒ°v kw\ymkw sImSp-Ø-sX-¥ns\∂p
tNmZn-®p. `¿Øm-hns\ kw\ym-k-Øn¬\n∂p
hnSp-hn-°mØ ]£w X\n-°p-IqSn kw\ymkw
Xc-W-sa-∂mbn B kv{Xo. At∏mƒ injys\
hnfn®v Kpcp ]d™p:˛ ""\o alm-I-≈-\m-Wv.
kw\ymkw Dt]-£n®v Krl-ÿn-bm-I-Ww. \o
IeymWw Ign- ® n- ´ n- s √∂v I≈w- ] - d - ™ mWv
kw\ymkw kzoI-cn-®Xv''. Abmƒ kw\ymkw
hn´v ho≠pw Krlÿm{i-an-bm-bn. t\m°q B
aX-Øns‚ XpS-°w-Xs∂ I≈-Øn¬\n∂mWv.
sXep-Kp-\m-ń¬ sN∂-t∏m-ƒ Cbmsf PmXnbn¬ Iqń-bn-√. At∏mƒ Ahn-Sw-hn´v Np‰n-°-dßm≥XpS-ßn. Imin-°S- pØv Nc-Wm¿KVv F∂
{Kma- Ø n- \ - S p- Ø p≈ Nºm- c Wyw 201 F∂
Imń¬ Cbmƒ t]mIpI ]Xn- h m- b n- c p- ∂ p.
Btcm Hcp Ipńsb Imń-ep-t]-£n-®p \mep]mSpw AI-se-b-Ise Xoh®p ÿew hn´p. DSs\-sbßpw Ipńsb sIm√-cp-sX∂v Icp-XnbmWv Xosb-cn-®-Xv. e£va-W-`´pw `mcybpw Cu
Ipńsb FSpØv aI-\m°n hf¿Øn. ]ns∂
Imin-bn¬ sN∂p ]m¿Øp.
Ipń {]mb-am-b-tXm-Sp-IqSn A—-\-Ω-am¿ acn®p. sNdp∏w apX¬ bphm- h m- I p- ∂ - X p- h sc
Cbmƒ Imin-bn¬ hnZym-`ymkw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.
]n∂oSv Ftßm-sN∂v hnjvWp-t£{X-Ønse
tkh-I\
- m-bn. Ft¥m Nne Ipg-∏ß
- ƒ ImcWw
hnjvWp-t£{Xw hn´v ho≠pw Imin-bn¬ sN∂p
kw\y-kn-®p. AhnsS {`jvS\
- mb as‰mcp {_m“W≥ kz]p- { Xn- t bm- s Sm∏w hkn- ® n- c p∂p.
Abmƒ \ΩpsS kw\ym-kn-tbmSv kw\ymkw
hn´v aIsf thƒ°m-\m-hi
- y-s∏-´p. Abmƒ AX\p- k - c n®p. A—≥ sNbv X - X p- t ]mse aI≥
282
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
sNbvX-Xn¬ F¥-Xn-i-bw? Abmƒ `mcy-tbbpw-sIm≠v BZysØ hnjvWp-t£-{X-Øn¬
sN∂p. hnhmlw sNbvXX
- p-sIm≠v AhnsS Ib‰n-bn-√. -]n-∂oSv AhnZy ÿnc- Xm-a-k-am-°n-bn´p≈ {hP-tZ-iØp sN∂p. AhnSsS hnhn[
I]-S-bp-‡n-Iƒ {]tbm-Kn®v Bfp-Isf hymtamln-∏n®v anYy-Iƒ {]N-cn-∏n-®p. ""{ioIr-jvW≥
Fs∂ I≠p; tKmtem-I-Øp\n∂p a¿Xy-temIØp h∂n-´p≈ Znhy Pohm-flm-°sf {_“kw-_ ‘w apX-em-b -h -b m¬ ]hn-{ X- am°n
tKmtem-I-sØ-Øn-°pI F∂-cp-fn-s®-bvXp.''
F∂n-ßs\ ]e-Xcw t`mjv°pIƒ ]d™v
{]tem-`n-∏n-®p. Ipd-®p-t]sc AXm-bXv F¨]Øn-\m-ep-t]sc sshjvW-h-cm-°n. C\nsbgpXp∂ a{¥-ßƒ \n¿Ωn-°p-Ibpw AXn¬ t`Zß-fp-≠m-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.1) {ioIrjvWw
icWw aa. 2) Ivfow IrjvWmb tKm]o P\
h√-`mb kzmlm. Ch c≠pw km[m-cW a{¥ß-fm-Wv. ASpØ a{¥-am-Is´ {_“-kw-_-‘Øn\pw ka¿∏-W-Øn\pw th≠n-bp-≈-XmWv.
""{ioIrjvWx icWw aa kl{k]-cn-h-’-can-X-Im-e-Pm-X-IrjvW hntbmK P\nX Xm]Iv t fim- \ ¥ Xntcm- ` m- t hmflw `K- h tX
Irjv W mb tZtl- { µnb {]mWm- ¥ x- I - c W
X≤cvamw › Zmcm-Kmc ]p{Xm-]vX-hntØ l
]cm-Wym-fl\m kl kacv]b
- m-an. Zmtkmflw
IrjvW Xhmkvan.
({io-IrjvW `K-hm≥ F\n°p icWw. kl{k-h¿j-ß-fmbn Xm]hpw t¢ihpw IrjvW-`K-hm-\n¬ \n∂p th¿]mSpw kln-°p∂ Rm≥
Fs‚ ico-chpw C{µn-bß
- ƒ {]mW-ßƒ, A¥x°-cW
- ß
- ƒ Ah-bpsS {]hrØn, `mcy, ]p{X≥,
[\w, Bflm-hv, F√m-sa√mw A√tbm IrjvW`-Kh
- mt\! IrjvW IrjvW! Aßbv°p ka¿∏n®p-sIm-≈p-∂p. Rm≥ AßbpsS Zmk-\t{X!)
Cu a{¥w D]-tZ-in®v injy-∑mscbpw injyI- t fbpw sIm≠v ka¿]Ww sNøn- ° p- ∂ p.
"Ivfow IrjvWm-tbXn'bnse ¢ow X{¥-{K-ŸØn-te-Xm-Wv. h√-`-a-X-°mcpw hma-am¿Kn-I-fpsS
hI-t`-Z-am-sW∂v CXp sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. AXpsIm-≠m-Wv tKmkm-bnIfpw A[nIw kv{Xokwk¿Kw sNøp-∂-Xv. tKm]o-P-\-h-√-t`Xn {ioIrjvW≥ tKm]n-Iƒ°p -am{Xw {]nb-s∏-´-h≥
Bbn-cp-∂pthm? a‰p-≈-h¿°t√? kvss{XWcm-bn-´p≈ AYhm kv{Xokp-J-Øn¬ s]´p-t]m-
b-h-cmWv kv{XoIƒ°v {]nb¿. {ioIr-jvW≥
AØ-c-°m-c-\mbn-cp-∂pthm? kl-{k-h-’-c-KW\ (k-l{- k-]c
- n-kw-h’
- t- c-Xn) shd-tX-bmWv.
h√-`\pw injy-∑mcpw k¿∆-⁄-c-√. {ioIrjvW-hn-tbmKw D≠m-bn´v kl{kw h¿j-ßtf
Bbn-´pt≈m? At∂m Ft∏m-tgm, h√-`-aXw
C√m-Xn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ. h√-`≥ P\n-°p-∂Xn\pw
apºv, Xs‚ Znhy-Po-hm-flm-°sf D≤-cn°p∂Xn\v
Bcpw hcm-™-sX¥m-Wv. Xm]hpw t¢ihpw
]cym- b - ] - Z - ß fm- W v . GsX- ¶ nepw Hcp ]Zw
{]tbm-Kn-®m¬ aXn. AXp-t]mse "A\¥' F∂
{]tbmKw kl-{k-Øns‚ IqsS A\m-h-iy-amWv. GsX-¶nepw H∂p-Xn. A\-¥Imew hsc
B—m-Zn-X-am-bn-cn-°p∂ H∂ns\ tamNn-∏n-°m≥
h√-`≥ P\n®p F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xn¬ F¥mW¿∞w? A\-¥Øn\v Adp-Xn-bn-√m-Ø-sX∂¿∞w. AXns\ Fßs\ tamNn∏n°pw? C{µnb-ßƒ {]mWm-¥x-I-c-Ww, Ah-bpsS [¿aw.
kv{Xo, ]Z-hn, ]p{X≥, [\w F∂n-hs
- b IrjvW\¿∏n-°p-∂-sX-¥n\v? IrjvW≥ ]q¿W-Im-a\mIbm¬ tZlm-Zn-I-fm-bh H∂pw C—n-°p-I-bn-√.
tZlm-Zn-Iƒ A¿∏n-°m\pw km[n-°p-I-bn-√.
Im¬\-Jm{Kw apX¬ apSn-b‰w hsc-bp-≈-XmWv
tZlw. AXn¬ \√Xpw NoØ-bp-amb hkvXp°-fp-≠v, B ae-aq-{Xm-Zn-I-tfbpw A¿∏n-°ptam
]m]- ] p- W y- c q- ] - a mb I¿aØns‚ A¿∏Ww
aqew Ah-bpsS ê-t`m-‡mhpw IqSn-bm-hnt√
{ioIr-jvW≥? IrjvWs‚ t]cv ]d-bp-Ibpw
kzbw A¿∏n°p-Ibpw sNøp-Ib
- t√ CXv? tZlØn-ep≈ ae-aq-{Xm-Zn-Ifpw tKmkmbn A¿∏n°p∂nt√? AtXm a[p-c-ap≈Xp hngpßn Ibv∏p≈Xp Xp∏ptam? tKmkm-bn°p Xs∂ A¿∏n°Ww a‰p aX-°m¿°p ]mSn√ Fs∂gpXn-bn´p-≠t√m? CsX√mw ISpØ kzm¿∞-X-bm-Wv.
]c- [ \w A]- l - c n- ° p- ∂ - X n\pw, thtZm- ‡ [¿ΩsØ \in-∏n°p∂Xn\pw D≈ eoem-hnem-k-ß-fmWv. Cu h√` {]]©w ImWp-I.
1. {imh-Wk
- ym-at- e-]t£ GIm-Ziymw alm\nin, km£mZv`KhXm t{]m‡w XZ-£-ci
DNy-tX.
2. {_“-kw-_-‘-I-c-WmXv kcvthjmw
tZl-Po-htbmx, kcvh-tZmj \nhr-Øncvln
tZmjmx ]©-hn[mx kvarXmx
3. klPm tZi-Im-tem∞m temI-thZ \ncq-
283
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
]nXmx, kwtbm- K Pmx kv ] cv i - P m› \
a¥hymx IZm-N\.
4. A\yYm kcvh tZmjmWmw \ \nhrØnx
IY-©\, Ak-acv]nX hkvXq\mw XkvamZzcv÷-\-am-N-tcXv
5. \nth-Zn`nx kacvss]h kcvhw IpcymZnXn ÿnXnx, \ aXw tZh tZhky kzman`p‡n kacv]-Wav.
6. Xkvam ZmZu kcvh Imtcy kcvh-hkvXp
kacv]-Wav, ZØm-]-lmc hN\w XYm N
kIew ltcx
7. \ {KmlyanXn hmIyw ln `n∂-amcvK-]cw
aX-av. tkh-Im\mw bYm temtI hyh-lmcx
{]kn-[yXn
8. bYm-Imcyw kacvss]h kcvthjmw
{_“-Xm-XXx, KMvKmtXz KpW-tZm-jmWmw
KpW-tZmj hcvW-\-av.
Ch tKmkm-bn-I-fpsS kn≤m¥ cl-kymZn
{KŸ- ß - f n¬ Fgp- X n- b n- ´ p- ≈ - X m- W v . Ch
tKmkmbn-a-X-Øns‚ aqe-XØz-hp-am-Wv. (1)
{imh-W-amkw shfp-Ø-]-£-Ønse GIm-Z-incm-hn¬ km£m¬ `K-hm≥ ]d-™Xv A£cw
{]Xn ]d-bp∂p: {ioIr-jvW≥ tZlw shSn™n´v Aøm- b ncw h¿jw Ign- ™ p. At±lsØ h√-`≥ -{imh-W-amkw A¿≤-cm-{Xn°v
Fßs\ ImWpw! (2) ""tKmkmbo injy-∑m¿
k¿h-kzhpw ka¿]Ww sNbvXm¬ Ah-cpsS
icocw Bflmhv F∂n- h - b psS k¿∆- t Zmjßfpw C√m- X m- I pw.'' CXv aqV- ∑ msc
BI¿jn®v h√-à
- X
- Ø
- n¬ tN¿°m≥th≠n-Bhn-jvI-cn® anYym-hm-Z-amWv. tKmkmbo injy∑mcpsSbpw injy-If
- p-sSbpw tZmj-sa√mw \nhrØ-am-Ip-sa-¶n¬ t- cm-KZ- m-cn-{ZymXn ]oU-If
- p-≠mIp-∂-sX-ßs\? B ]oU-Iƒ A©p-hn-[-amWt{X! (3) H∂v, kl-P-tZmjw, kzm`m-hn-Iambn Ima-t{Im-[m-Zn-I-fm-ep-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv, c≠v ˛
GsX-¶nepw tZi-Im-e-ß-fn¬ hnh[ ]m]-ßƒ
sNøp-∂Xv. aq∂v ˛ temI-Øn¬ `£ym-`-£yß-sf-s∂-Æp-∂Xpw thtZm-‡-amb anYym-`m-jWm-Zn-Ifpw, \mev ˛ kwtbm-KP
- w, ZpjvSk
- w-k¿§Øm-ep-≠mIp∂ tamjWw, Pmc-hr-Øn, AΩ,
`Kn-\n, ]p{Xn, ]p{X-h-[p, Kpcp-]Xv\n apX-em-bh-cp-am-bp≈ kwtbm-K-tZmjw A©v ˛ Akv]riytc kv ] ¿in- ° ¬ F∂ kv ] ¿i\ P\y-
tZmjw Chsb tKmkm-bo-a-X-°m¿ Hcn-°epw
KWn-t°-≠, btYjvSw {]h¿Øn-°m-sa-∂¿Yw.
(4) ""tKmkmbo aX--a-√msX as‰m∂pta Cu
tZmj-\n-hm-c-W-Øn\p]-bp-‡-a√ AXn-\m¬
AXn- \ m¬ ka¿]Ww sNømØsXm∂pw
tKmkmbn D]-t`mKw sNø-cp-Xv.'' CXn-\m-emhmw
Ch-cpsS [\hpw ]Xv\n˛]p{Xn, ]p{X-h-[p-°sfbpw ka¿∏n-°p-∂-Xv. tKmkm-bn-bpsS NcWßfn¬ ka¿∏n-°msX Bcpw kz]-Xv\n-sbt∏mepw kv]¿in°cp-sX-∂mWv \nbaw! (5)
AXn-\m¬ tKmkm-bn°p ka¿]n-®-Xn\p tijta-sb¥pw A\p-`-hn-°m-hq. Fs¥-∂m¬ D]tbm-Kn-®-sXm∂pw ka¿]n-°m-hp-∂-X-√. (6)
GXp I¿aw sNøp-tºm-gpw-BZyw k¿h hkvXp°fpw tKmkm-bn°p ka¿∏n-®-Xn\p tijta
DS- a - ÿ ≥ kzoI- c n- ° m- h q. AXp- t ]mse
k¿hhpw BZyw hnjWphn\p ka¿∏n®Xn\p
tijta FSp-°m-hq. (7) tKmkmboaXØnteX-√msX a‰p bmsXmcp aX°m-cp-tSbpw Hcp
hm°p-t]mepw tKmkm-bn-in-jy¿ tIƒ°-cp-Xv,
kzoI-cn-°p-I-bp-a-cp-Xv. CXv bYm¿∞ tKmkmbn-bpsS e£-W-am-Wv. (8) C{]-Imcw F√mw
ka¿∏n-®n´v Ah-bpsS a[y-Øn¬ {_“-_p≤n
sNøWw. KwK-bn¬ A\y-Pew tN¿∂mepw
AXv KwKm-P-e-ambnØocp-∂p. kza-X-Øn¬
Ht´sd KpW-ßfpw A\y-a-X-ß-fn¬ Ht´sd
Zqjyßfp-ap≠v. AXn-\m¬ kza-X-Ønse KpWß-sf∏‰n h¿Æn-t°-≠-Xv injy-∑m-cpsS IS-abm-Wv.
t\m°q! tKmkmbn aXw -C-X-c-a-X-ß-tf-°msf√mw kzm¿∞-]-c-at√? {_“-Øns‚ Hcp
e£Ww t]mepw Adn- b m≥ hømØ
\nßsfßs\ - i n- j y- K - W - ß sf {_“- k w_‘w sNøn-°p-sa∂v Bsc-¶nepw tNmZn-°p∂
]£w RßƒX-s∂-bmWv {_“-sa-∂p-Øcw
]d-t™°pw. At∏mƒ {_“-Øns‚ KpW-I¿a
kz`m- h - ß - s fm- ∂ p- a n- √ mØ \nßƒ tIhew
t`mK-hn-em-k-Øn-\p-th≠n {_“w Na-™n-cn°p-I-bm-tWm-sb∂p tNmZn-t°-≠-XmWv. injyK-WsØ Xßƒ°p ka¿∏n®v ip≤-cm-°p∂
\nßƒ, \nß-fpsS `mcy, ]p{Xn, ]p{X-h[p, apXem-b-hsc ka¿∏Ww sNøm-ØXn-\m¬ Aip≤-cm°n h®n-cn-°p-I-b-t√? Ahsc A\y-a-X°m¿°v ka¿]n-°p-I. hsø-¶n¬ a‰p-≈-h-cpsS
kv{Xo ˛ ]pcpj ˛ [\mZn-Isf ka¿]Ww
hmßp∂ k{º-Zmbw \n¿ØWw. CXp-hsc \S-
284
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
∂-sXms° t]mI-s´. C\n-sb-¶nepw \nß-fpsS
Cu anYym-hm-Z-ßsf√mw shSn™v kpµ-chpw
Cuiz-tcm-‡hpw thZ-hn-ln-X-hp-amb k∑m¿§Øn¬ h∂v a\p- j y- X zsØ k^- e - a m- ° n,
[¿am¿YImatam£ßfm-Ip∂ ê-N-Xp-jvSbsØ {]m]n®v B\-µ-a-\p-`-hn-°p-I.
t\m°q! Cu tKmkm- b n- I ƒ Ah- c psS
am¿KsØ ]pjvSn-am¿K-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂p. Xn∂pIp-Sn®v ]pjvSn-{]m-]n®v kIe kv{Xokw-K-ØneqsS btYjvSw t`mK-tI-fn-I-fm-Sp-∂-XmWv Cu
]pjvSn-am¿Kw! henb ZpxJm-Zn-I-fmb `K-µcw
apX-emb tcmK-ßƒ _m[n®v \odn \odn acnt°-≠n-h-cp∂ Imcyw A\px-`-hn-°p-∂-h-ct√
Adn-bq. kXyw ]d-™m¬ CXv ]pjvSn-am¿K-a√. IpjvTn-am¿K-am-Wv. IpjvT-tcm-Kn-bpsS icoc- Ø nse [mXp- ° ƒ Fß- s \- b mtWm
DcpInsbmgp-In-t∏mbn´v hne-]n®p acn-°p-∂Xv
AXp-t]m-se-bmWv Ch¿°pw kw`hn-°p-∂-Xv.
AXn-\m¬ \c-I-am¿K-sa-∂p-IqSn CXn\p t]¿
]d-bp-∂Xp. tN¿®bp≈XmWv. Fs¥-∂m¬
ZpxJØn-s‚ t]cv \c-I-sa∂pw kpJ-Øn-t‚Xv
kz¿K-sa-∂p-am-Wv.
C{]Imcw anYymPm-e-ßƒ D≠m°n Adn-hn√m-Ø ]mhw a\p-jysc he-bn¬ IpSp-°p-∂p.
F∂n´v Xs∂-Øm≥ {ioIr-jvW≥ Na™v
F√m- h - c p- t Sbpw bP- a m- \ - \ mbn \Sn- ° p- ∂ p.
tKmtem-I-Øn¬\n∂v ChnsS h∂n-´p≈ F√m
Znhym-flm-°tfbpw D≤-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ ]pcptjm-Øa eoe-bmWv Xs‚ P∑-sa∂p ]d-bp∂p. \ΩpsS D]- t Ziw kzoI- c n- ° m- Ø - h ¿
tKmtemIw {]m]n-°n-s√∂pw t]Sn-s∏-Sp-Øpw.
AhnsS ]pcp- j - \ mbn Hcp {ioIrjv W \pw
_m°n-sb√mw kv{XoI-fp-am-Wv.
F{X hnNn{Xw tKmkm-boaXw! tKmkmbo
in-jy-∑m-sc√mw tKm]n-I-fm-bn-t∏mIpw. c≠p
`mcy-am-cp-≈-hs‚ KXn alm Zp¿§-Xn-bm-Wv.
At∏mƒ Hcp ]pcp- j \v tImSn- ° - W - ° n\v
kv{XoIƒ ]ntº-bp-s≠-¶n¬ ZpxJ-Øn-\-h-km\-apt≠m! {ioIr-jvW\p Xpey-amb kma¿Yyap-s≠∂pw F√m-h-tcbpw {]k-∂-Nn-Ø-I-fm°m≥ Ign-bp-sa∂pamsW-¶n¬ At±-l-Øns‚
A¿≤mw- K n- \ n- b mb kzman- \ nbv ° pw AtX
kma¿∞y- a p- ≠ m- b n- c n- ° pw. A¿≤mw- K n- \ n°v
Xpey i‡n D≠m-hpw. Ima-hm-k\ kv{Xo]p-cpj-∑m¿°v Xpey-tam, kv{XoIƒ°-[n-Itam Bbn
Cu temI- Ø n¬ ImWp- t ºmƒ tKmtem- I Ønepw A{]-Im-c-am-bn-cn-°pat√m. At∏mƒ
A\y kv{XoI-fpambn kzman\n hf-sc-b-[nIw
hg- ° p- ≠m- ° p- ∂ p≠m- bn- cn- ° p- a t√m? Fs¥∂m¬ k]- X v \ o- ` mhw hfsc NoØ- b m- W v .
Aßs\ tKmtemIw kz¿K-Øn\p ]Icw \cI-am-bn-°m-W-Ww. alm kv{XoKm-an-Iƒ A[nIhpw `K-µ-cmZn tcmK-]o-Un-X-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xpt]m-se-bmhmw tKmtem-IØ
- n-epw! sO sO sO,
C{]-Im-c-ap≈ tKmtem-I-Øn-t\-°mƒ t`Zw
km[m- c W a¿Xy- t emIw Xs∂- b m- W v.
tKmkmbn {ioIr- j v W ≥ Na™v At\Iw
kv{XoI-fp-ambn can®v `K-µc ˛ {]ta-lmZn tcmK]o-Un-X-cm-Ip-s∂-¶n¬ tKmtem-I-Ønse {ioIrjv W \pw CXp kw`- h n- ® p- I qtS? Cs√¶n¬
{ioIrjv W kzcq- ] n- I - f mb tKmkm- b n- a m¿
Fßs\ tcmK-]o-Un-X-cmIp∂p?
tNmZyw:˛ a¿Xy-temI-Øn¬ eoem-h-Xmcw
FSp-°p-∂XpsIm≠mWv tcmKw hcp-∂Xv.
tKmtem-I-Øn¬ tcmK-an-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v CXv
kw`-hn-°p-I-bn-√.
DØcw:˛ ""t`mtK tcmK`bav'' 202 FhnsS
t`mK-apt≠m AhnsS tcmK-ap-≠v. {ioIr-jvW\v
tImSm-\p-tImSn kv{XoI-fn¬ a°-fp-≠m-Ib
- nt√?
D≠m- I ps∂- ¶ n¬ F√mw BtWm AtXm
s]tÆm? AtXm c≠p-ap-≠m-Ip-∂p-thm? s]ÆpX- s ∂- b m- s W- ¶ n¬ Ah¿ Bsc hnhmlw
sNøpw? AhnsS {ioIr-jvW-\-√msX as‰mcp
]pcp-j-\n-√-t√m. Ds≠-¶n¬ \nßƒ t\csØ
]d-™Xv s]mfn-bm-bn. C\n BWp-X-s∂-bmsW-¶nepw CXp-Xs∂ êw. Ah¿ Bsc
hnhmlw sNøpw? hoń¬ Xs∂tbm? AtXm
thsd h- √ - h - c p- t Sbpw ]nt≈- c pt≠m?
Ds≠¶nepw tKmtem- I - Ø n¬ Htc- s bmcp
{ioIr- j v W ≥ am{X- a mWv ]pcp- j ≥ F∂
{]kvXmhw sX‰pw k¥m\w D≠m-Ip-∂-tX-bns√-∂m-sW-¶n¬ {io-Ir-jvW-\n¬ \]pw-k-IXzhpw kv{XoI-fn¬ h‘ymXzhpw h∂p-Iq-Spw.
CsX-s¥mcp tKmtemIw! U¬ln kp¬Øms‚
_ohn-I-fpsS ]Stbm?
Ct∏mƒ tKmkm-bn-am¿ kzin-jy-∑m-cptSbpw
i
-- njy-I-fp-tSbpw X\p-˛-a-\-˛-[-\-ßƒ A¿∏Ww
202. `¿Ør-l-cn˛ sshcmKy iX-Iw-˛33
285
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
sNøn-°p-∂Xpw icn-b-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ X\p (ico-cw) hnhm-lm-h-k-c-Øn¬ kv{Xo ]pcp-j-∑m¿
]c-kv]cw ka¿∏n-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. a\-kmIs´ ho≠pw as‰m-cmƒ°pw ka¿∏n-°m-hp-∂X- √ . ico- c - t Øm- s Sm∏w AXp ka- ¿ ]Ww
sNbvXp t]mIp-∂p AYhm a‰m¿s°-¶nepw
ka¿∏n-°p-∂-bmƒ hy`n-Nm-cn-bmbnt∏m-Ipw.
C\n [\w AXpw Cß-s\-Xs∂. AXmbXv a\ n-√msX H∂pw A¿∏Ww sNøm≥ km[y-a√. Cu tKmkm-bn-I-fpsS at\m-hrØn injy≥
kºm-Zn-°pw \Ωƒ kpJn-°pw F∂-Xm-Wv. h√`-k{ºZm-b-°m-cmb tKmkm-bn-Iƒ sXep-¶p-tZi- Ø n- √ . Ah¿°v Bsc- ¶ nepw Adn- b msX
t]mepw I\ym- Z m\w sNbv X m¬ PmXnbn¬\n∂pw {`jvSp Iev]n-°pw. Fs¥-∂m¬
Ch¿ ]Xn-Xcpw hnZym-lo-\cpw cm]-I¬ sX‰pIfn¬ apgp-In-Ignbp-∂-h-cp-am-Wv.
tKmkm-bnsb hoń¬ £Wn®p hcp-Ønbm¬ B hoń¬ sN∂v ac-∏m-h-t]mse A\ßm-Xn-cn-°pw. A\-ßp-Itbm an≠p-Itbm C√.
h√Xpw ]d- ™ p- t ]m- b m¬ a≠- \ m- b mtem?
aq¿JmWmw-_ew au\av (aq-V\v _ew au\w).
an≠n-bm¬ ]q®v ]pd-Øm-Ipw. F∂m¬ kv{XoIfp-s≠-¶n¬ Ahsc angn®p t\m°n-bn-cn-°pw.
tKmkmbn t\m°p- ∂ - h ¿ `mKy- a p- ≈ - h - c m- W ∂t{X hnizm- k w. t\m´w e`n- ° p- ∂ - h - c psS
`¿Øm-hpw, ktlm-Z-ccpw, _‘p-°-fpw, amXm]nXm-°fpw hfsc k¥p-jvSc
- m-Ip-∂p. kv{XoIƒ
tKmkm-bn-bpsS Im¬sXm´v hµn-°pw. tKmkmbn-°v a\- n\njvSs∏-Sp-∂h
- c
- psS hnc-en¬ Im¬
Aa¿Øpw. AXv F√m-h-cpw `mKy-amsW∂p
Icp-Xpw. B kv{Xosb `¿Ømhv Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈-h¿ tN¿∂v tKmkm-bn-bpsS Nc-W-tk-h-\Øn-\-b-bv°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Fßm\pw ho´pIm¿°v CjvS-a-s√∂p h∂m¬ Xs‚ ]nWn-bmfp-Iƒ aptJ\ Imcyw km[n-°pw. kXyw ]d™m¬ CØcw ]nWn- b m- f p- I ƒ Ah- c psS
t£{X-Øn\p Np‰pw FºmSpw ]m¿∏p-≠v.
Ch-cpsS Z£nW hmß¬ coXnbpw ck-Ic- a m- W v . Cßs\ tNmZn- ° pw. ""sIm≠phm
Z£nW tKmkm- b n- ° v . `mcybv ° v , aI- \ v ,
aIƒ°v, tihp-I-{]-[m-\n°v, ]mdm-hp-Im-c-\v,
Kmb-I-\v, hn{K-l-Øn\v''. tKmkmbn Dƒs∏-sSbp≈ Cu Ggp-t]-cmWv ]oSnI Xpd-∂p-h®v
Z£nW hmßn ]pWyw hnev ° p- ∂ - s X∂p
Xmev ] - c yw. tKmkm- b n- b psS GsX- ¶ nepw
`rXy≥ acn- ° m- d m- b m¬ Ahs‚ s\©Øv
tKmkmbn Imev hbv°pw. In´p-∂Xv ASn-s®-Sp°pw. CXv alm-∫-Ω-W 203t‚tbm NpS-e-°mct‚tbm, arX- _ - e n- b n- S p- h n°p∂h- t ‚tbm
]Wn°p Xpey-at√?
Nne injy-∑m¿ tKmkm-bnsb hnfn®v a°fpsS hnhm-l-®-S-ßn¬ ]mWn-{K-l-Ww, \S-Øn°p- ∂ p. CXn\v tKmkm- b n- b psS tZlØv
Ip¶paw ]qip-∂p. ]qip-∂Xpw kv{XoI-fm-Wv.
]n∂oSv Hcp henb ]m{X- Ø n¬ ]e- I - b n´v
tKmkm- b nsb CcpØn, kv { Xo]p- c p- j - ∑ m¿
tN¿∂v hnti-jn®pw kv{XoIƒ Ipfn-∏n-°p-∂p.
Ipfn-I-gn™v ]oXmw-_-c-ap-SpØv saXn-b-Sn-bn¬
Ib-dp-∂X
- n\p apºv Iu]o\w ]m{X-Øn-en-Sp-∂p.
]m{X-Ønse Pew Xo¿∞-Pe
- a
- mbn injy-h¿§w
AN-a\w sNøpw. ]n∂oSv hnti-jm¬ Xøm-dm°nb Xmw_qew tKmkm-bn°p \evIp-∂p. CXv
Xn∂v Hcp `mKw sImØv sh≈n-∏m-{X-Øn¬
Xp∏p-∂p. CXn\v alm-{]-km-Z-am-sW∂mWv ]dbp-∂Xv! Ch¿ F¥p-Xcw a\p-jy-cm-sW∂v
Btem-Nn-°p-I. aqV-X-bpw A\m-Nm-chpw C{X
I≠m- I mtam? ]e- c n¬\n∂v ka¿∏Ww
hmßpw. F¶nepw sshjvW-h-cpsS `£-Wta
Ign°q! Nne¿ AXp-an-√. AbnØw Hm¿Øp
hnd-Ip-t]mepw Igp-Intb FSp°q! F∂m-¬
tKmX-ºvam-hv, i¿°-c, ]©-km-c, s\øv, apXem-bh Igp-Im-dn-√. A√m-sX-Xs∂ Ah-bpsS
"Aip≤w' t]mIp-at- {X. A√msX F¥p sNøpw!
Ch Igp-In-bm¬ \jvS-s∏-´p-t]m-Int√? Rßƒ
203. alm-{_m-“W
- ≥ F∂-Xn\v Ct∏mƒ arX-ic
- o-cØ
- n¬
\n∂v XpWn-sb-Sp-°p∂ hy‡n-b-∂¿Y-am-bn-cn-°p∂p.
286
204. ck-hn-{Ibw ˛ tamcpw ]mepw a‰pw hn¬°p-∂-Xv.
{_m“-W¿°nXp \njn-≤-am-Wv. B]-XvIm-eØv
sshiy-hrØn sNømw. ]t£ ck-hn-{Ibw ]mSn-√.
(a\p 10. 83-˛86).
205. ck-hn-{Ibw ]mSn-√. ]mepw tamcpw a‰pw kuP-\yambn \¬In-bn-cp∂ ]mc-º-cy-amWv `mc-X-Øn-te-Xv.
]cn-`m-jI
- ≥ Kpcp-Ipe hnZym¿Yn-bm-bn-cp∂ ImeØv
(1959-˛63) DØ-tc-¥y≥ {Kma-ß-fn¬ ]mepw tamcpw
ssXcpw hnebv°p In´p-I-bn-√m-bn-cp∂p kuP-\y-ambnt´ e`n-®n-cp-∂p-≈p.
206. ioX-fm-tZhn hkq-cn-bpsS tZh-Xb
- m-Wv. hml\w IgpXbpw! "N°n-s°mØ N¶-c≥' F∂ sNm√n\p kZriw.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
{ioIr-jvW\v Nm¿Øp-Ibpw ]mSp-Ibpw \nthZn-°p-Ibpw a‰pw sNøm-dp-s≠-∂n-h¿ ]d-bpw.
hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Ch-sb√mw Ah-cpsS kz¥kp-J-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bm-Wv. alm A\¿∞-ßfpw
Imń-°q-´m-dp-≠v. tlmfn°v ]o®m-¶p-g-en¬ Nmbsh≈w \nd®v kv { XoIfpsS s\©- Ø pw,
\m`n°pw Nmºn- s bm- g n- ° pw. {_m“- W ¿°v
\njn-≤-amb ck-hn-{I-bw 204 sNøp-∂-h-cp-≠v.
tNmZyw:-˛ tKmkmbn, N∏m-Øn, ]cn-∏v, Idn,
tNmdv, ]®-°d
- n, eUp apX-em-bh t\cn´v hnev°p∂n-√. `rXy-∑m-sc-s°m≠v hnev]n-°p-∂-tX-bp≈q, ]ns∂-¥mWv tZmjw?
DØcw:˛ `rXy-∑m¿°v iºfw sImSp-°p∂
]£w Ah¿ Cu tPmen sNøp-I-bn√. hmkvXh-Øn¬ iº-f-Øn\p ]Icw tNmdpw ]cn∏pw
a‰pw sImSp- ° p- I - b m- W v sNøp- ∂ - X v . Ah¿
sIm≠p- t ]mbn Aßm- S n- b n¬ hnev ° p- ∂ p.
tKmkmbn X\nsb sIm≠p-t]mbn hn‰n-cp-s∂¶n¬ `rXy-∑m¿, B \oN-I¿Ω-Øn¬ \n∂v c£s]-t´-s\. ]m]-êw tKmkm-bn-°p-am{Xw e`n°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. BZyw kzbw IpSp-ßp-Ibpw
]n∂oSv a‰p- ≈ - h sc IpSp- ° p- I - b p- a mWv
tKmkmbn sNøp-∂-Xv. \mY-Zzmc apX-em-bn-S-ßfn¬ tKmkmbn X\ntb hnev]\ \S-Øp∂pap≠v. ck-hn-{Ibw 205 \oN-I¿a-amWv. DØ-a¿°p
tN¿∂-X-√. Bcym-h¿Ø-Øns‚ At[m-K-Xn°v
CØ-c-°m-cmWv Imc-W-°m¿!
kzman \mcm-b-W-a-X-J-WvU\w
tNmZyw:˛ kzman \mcm-b-W-aXw Fß-s\bp≠v?
DØcw:-˛ bmZrio ioX-em-tZho XmZrtim
hml\x Jcx ioX-fm-tZ-hn°p tN¿∂ hml\w
IgpX! 206 tKmkm-bn-Iƒ [\m-]-l-c-W-Øn-\p]- t bm- K n- ° p∂ eoemhnti- j - ß - s f- t ∏mse
bmWv kzman \mcm-bW aX-°m-cp-tS-Xpw.
Atbm-[y-bv°S- pØ Hcp {Kma-Øn-emWv klPm-\-µ≥ P\n-®-Xv. Abmƒ {_“-Nm-cn-bmbn
KpP-dm-Ønse I®v., `pPv apX-em-bn-Sß
- f
- n¬ Np‰nb-Sn-®n-cp-∂p. aqV-∑m-cmb km[p-°fpsS {]tZi-am-sW∂v Abmƒ a\- n-em-°n. hf-®m¬ hfbp-∂-h-cmWv Ahn-Sp-Øp-Im-sc∂pw {Kln-®p.
Ahn-S-bmƒ°v aq∂p-\mep injy-∑msc e`n-®p.
Ah-c-t\ym\yw Btem-Nn-®p-d-∏n®v, kl-Pm-\-
µ≥ \mcm-b-Ws‚ Ah-Xm-c-am-sW∂pw henb
kn≤-\m-sW∂pw NXp¿`pPcq]w ssIs°m≠v
{]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw ]d™p ]c-Øn. A°meØv ImTn-bm-hm-kn¬ (I-Øn-b-hm¿) ImTo-PmXn-bn¬s∏´ ZmZm-Jm-N¿ F∂p t]cmb ]¿hX-`q-an-bpsS Hcp Pao-µm¿ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AbmtfmSp B injy- ∑ m¿ ]d- ™ p. Xm¶ƒ°v
NXp¿`p-P-cq]w ImW-W-sa-¶n¬ Rßƒ klPm-\-µ-t\mSp ]d-bmw. hfsc \√Xv F∂mbn
]mhw ZmZm-Jm-N¿. Hcp apdn-bn¬ kl-Pm-\-µ≥
IncoShpw sXfp-sXfm Xnf-ßp∂ ]´p-h-kv{Xßfpw a‰pw AWn™v, iwJp N{I-ßƒ ssIIfn¬h®v apI-fn-te-°p-b¿Øn \n∂p. as‰m-cmƒ
]pd-In¬\n∂v I£-Øn-\n-S-bn-eqsS ssIIƒ
C´v KZm-]-fl-ßƒ ]nSn®v\n∂pw ZmZm-Jm-N-tdmSv
injy-∑m¿ ]d™p IÆ-S-®p-]n-Sn®v sN∂v H∂p
Xpd∂p I≠p-sIm-≈Ww DSs\ IÆ-S-°-Ww.
IqSp-X¬ t\m°n-bm¬ \mcm-b-W\v tIm]w
hcpw. Ifhp ]pd-Øm-I-cp-sX-∂mWv injy-∑m¿
Dt±-in-®-Xv. Abmsf Iqń-s°m-≠pt]mbn. apdnbpsS hmXn¬ Xpd∂v AIØv IS∂v hnf°p
sXfn®p. AXm \nev°p∂p km£m¬ \mcm-bW≥. s]s´- ∂ v hnf- ° - W ™p. F√m- h cpw
kmjvSmwKw \a-kvI-cn-®p. as‰mcp hmXn-en-eqsS
]pd-Øp-h-∂p. hcpw-hgn injy-∑m¿ ]d™p:˛
Aßv alm-[-\y≥! `mKy-hm≥! DS-\Sn Kpcphns‚ injy-\m-bn-s°m-≈p-I. Cßs\ ]d-™psIm≠p hcp-tºmƒ kl-Pm\-µ≥ Xs‚ ÿncw
Ccn-∏nSØn¬ C-cn-°p-∂Xp I≠p. ""Ct∏mƒ
thsd cq]w [cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.'' F∂mbn injy∑m¿. ZmZmJmN¿ he-bn¬ hoWp, A∂p-ap-X¬
Ah-c-psS aXw AhnsS thcp-d-®p. ZmZm-Jm-N¿
henb P∑n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Abmƒ injy-\mbn.
kl-Pm-\-µ≥ k©mcw XpS-ßn. F√m-h¿°pw
D]-tZ-i-ßƒ \evIn. ]e-tcbpw kw\ym-kn-amcm°n. Nne-sc-sb-√mw IWvT-\m-Un-bn¬ XncpΩn-t_m-[w-sI-Sp-Øn-bn-´v. t\m°p Ct±-lsØ
kam- [ nbnem°nbncn- ° p∂p F∂p ]d- b pw.
Cßs\ ]e-Xcw kq{X-ßƒsIm≠v ImTn-bmhm-Unse km[p-°sf ]mń-em°n. Abmƒ
acn®t∏mƒ injy-∑m¿ hfsc ]nØ-em-´-ßƒ
{]Ncn∏n-®p.
CXn\v Hcp DZm-l-cWw ]d-bp-∂Xv DNn-Xam-Wv:˛ Hcp tamjvSmhv _‘n-X-\mbn. AbmfpsS aq°p apdn-°m≥ \ymbm-[n-]≥ hn[n-®p.
287
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
aq°p apdn®p Ign- ™ - t ∏mƒ B I≈≥
BSm\pw ]mSm\pw Nncn-°m\pw XpS-ßn. F¥n\mWv Nncn-°p-∂-sX∂v Bfp-Iƒ tNmZn-®p.
""H∂pw ]d-tb≠''
""AsX-¥m-sWtSm?''
""B›cyw, B›- c yw. CsX- ¥ m- W tΩm?
Cßs\-bp-apt≠m?
""Fs¥tSm? F¥m-Wm-›cyw?''
""km£m¬ \mcm- b - W ≥? NXp¿`p- P ≥
hnjvWp AXm \nev°p-∂p. kt¥mjw. B-SmXn- c n- ° p- ∂ - s X- ß s\? ]mSm- X n- c n- ° p- ∂ - s Xßs\? Atlm `mKyw! km£mXv±¿i-\w.''
Rßƒ°p ImWm≥ høm-Ø-sX¥v?
""aq°ns‚ ad-hp-sIm≠v, aq°p apdn-®t- ∏m-gt√
ad amdn-bX
- v. km£m¬ NXp¿`pP \mcm-bW
- ≥.''
Ah- c n- s emcp aqV≥, aq°p- t ]m- b m¬
t]mIs´ \mcm-bW
- s\ \n-›b
- a
- mbpw ImW-Ww.
F∂p Xocp-am-\n-®p. Abmƒ ]d-™p.
""Fs‚ aq°p apdn°v \mcm-b-Ws\ ImWn°v.''
aq°p apdn-®n´v sNhn-bn¬ ]d-™p:-˛
""\obpw Fs∂-t∏mse BSn-∏mSv As√-¶n¬
Bfp-Iƒ \sΩ c≠p-t]-tcbpw Ifn-bm-°pw.''
C\n aq°p Xncn®p In´p-I-bn-√. AXp-sIm≠v
Aßs\ sNbvXp-I-f-bm-sa∂v \n›-bn®v ]d™p: ""lmlm! \mcm-b-W≥'' XpS¿∂v ]ecpw
aq°p-ap-dn-®p. apdn-aq-°-∑m¿ Bbn-c-°-W-°n-\mbn. B k{ºZmbØn\v \mcm-b-W-Z¿in F∂v
t]cpw C´p. Cß-s\-bp≈ \mcm-bW Z¿in-Isf-∏‰n Hcp aqV-\mb cmPmhp tI´p. Ahsc
hnfn-∏n-®p. cmPmhp ASpØp h∂-t∏mƒ Ahcn¬ Nne¿ BSm\pw ]mSm\pw XpSßn.
F¥mWp Imcy-sa∂p cmPmhv tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ
]d™p:˛
""km£m¬ \mcm-bW Z¿i\w''
""Rm≥ ImWm-Ø-sX-¥p-sIm≠v?'' cmPmhv
tNmZn-®p.
""aq°p-≈-t∏mƒ ImWm≥ H°p-I-bn-√. aq°p
apdn-®m¬ \mcm-b-W≥ {]Xy-£-\mIpw.''
Imcyw icn-bm-sW∂p hnNm-cn® cmPmhv
tPm’ysc hcpØn aq°p apdn- ° m- \ p≈
aplq¿Øw Ipdn-°m≥ B⁄m-]n-®p.
"DØ- c - h v . A∂- Z m- X m- h mb s]m∂p- X - º pcmt\! hcp∂ Zi-an-\mƒ cmhnse F´p \mgnI
]pe-cp-tºmƒ aq°p-ap-dn-°m\pw \mcm-bW Z¿i\- Ø n\pw ip` aplq¿Ø- a m- W v ' . F∂mbn
tPm’y≥! t\m°q! aq°p apdn- ° m\pw
aplq¿Øw ]d-bp-∂-h-cm-Wn-h¿,
cmPmhv \mcm-bW Z¿i-\-Øn\v Xbm-dm-bn.
apdn- a q- ° - ∑ m¿s°√mw th≠ kuI- c y- ß ƒ
sNbv X p- s Im- S p- Ø p. k¥p- j v S - c mb Ah¿
B´hpw ]m´pw XpS¿∂p. cmPm-hns‚ Znhm\pw
a‰p-Nne _p≤n-am-∑m¿°pw Cu t]m°v ckn-®n√. cmPm-hns‚ \mep Xe-ap-d-Iƒ°v apºv D]tZiw sImSp-Øp-h∂ sXmÆq-dp-Im-c-\mb Hcp
ap≥ Znhm-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ {]]u{X-\mWv Ct∏m-gsØ Znhm≥. Cbmƒ apØ»s‚ ASp-Øp-sN∂v hnh-c-ß-sf√mw ]d-™p.
"Ah¿ NXn-b-∑m-cm-Wv. \o Fs∂ cmPm-hns‚
ASpØp sIm≠p-t]m-Iq' F∂mbn hr≤≥.
Aßs\ sNbvXp. cmPmhv hfsc kt¥m-jtØmsS apdn-aq-°-∑m-cpsS IY ]d-™p. "almcm-Pmth! H∂nepw s]s´∂v FSpØp NmS-cpXv . ]co- £ n- ° msX sNbv X m¬ ]›m- Ø ]nt°≠n hcpw.' F∂v hr≤≥ D]-tZ-in-®p.
cmPmhv:˛ Cu Bbncw t]¿ I≈w ]d-bptam?
Znhm≥:˛ I≈tam t\cm ]d-bs´. ]co-£n°msX Fßs\bmWv t\tcm I≈tam F∂dn-bpI?
cmPmhv:˛ Fßs\ ]co-£n°pw?
Znhm≥:˛ hnZy, krjvSn-{Iaw, {]Xy£w apXemb {]am-W-ß-fm¬.
cmPmhv:˛ ]Tn®n-ń-√m-Ø-h≥ Fßs\ ]co£n°pw?
Znhm≥:˛ hnZz-’w-K-Øm¬ ⁄m\w h¿≤n∏n-®n-´v.
cmPmhv:˛ hnZzm≥amsc e`n-®n-s√-¶ntem?
Znhm≥:˛ {ian-®m¬ In´m-Ø-sXm-∂p-an-√.
cmPmhv:˛ F¥p sNø-W-sa∂v Xm¶ƒXs∂
]d-bq.
Znhm≥:˛ Rm≥ hr≤- \ m- W v , hoń- e n- c n°p∂bmƒ, C\n Ipd®p Znh-kw-IqSn Bbp v
ImWpw. AXp-sIm≠v BZy-]-co-£Ww Rm≥
sNømw. ]n∂oSv DNn- X - a m- b Xp t]msebpw
sNømw.
288
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
cmPmhv:˛ sIm≈mw \√-Imcyw. tPm’ysc!
Znhm≥Pn-bpsS aq°p apdn-°m≥ aplq¿Øw
t\m°q.
tPm’y¿:˛ DØ-c-hv. Cu shfpØ ]©-an\mƒ ]Øp-\m-gnI ]pe-cp-tºmƒ \√ aplq¿Øam-Wv.
]©an \mfn¬ ]Øp \mgnI ]pe-cp-∂-Xn\p-apºv Znhm≥ cmPm-hn-t\mSp ]d-™p. Bbncw,
c≠m-bncw ssk\n-I-cp-ambn ]pd-s∏-S-Ww.
cmPmhv:˛ AhnsS ssk\y-sa-¥n-\v?
Znhm≥:˛ cmPy-Im-cy-ß-tf∏‰n Aßv A{X
]cn-Nn-X-\-√. Ct∏mƒ Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse
sNøvXm-epw.
cmPmhv:˛ icn! Bc-hnsS! ssk\yw ]pd-s∏Sm≥ Xbm-dm-Im≥ DØ-chv \evIp-I.
Hº-Xc \mgnI ]pe¿∂-t∏mƒ cmPmhv F√mh-cp-sam-∂n®v Fgp-s∂-≈n. Ah-sc-°≠v apdnaq-°-∑m¿ B´hpw ]m´pw Xncp-X-Ir-Xn-bn-em-°n.
cmPmhpw ]cn-hm-chpw Bk-\-ÿ-cm-bn. apdnaq°-∑m-cpsS al-¥ns\˛ Cu {]kv∞m\Øns‚
ÿm]-Is\ hnfn®v cmPmhv ]d-™p. ""C∂p
\ΩpsS Znhm≥Pn°v \mcm-bW Z¿i\w \evIpI. "BIs´ F∂p al¥v . ]Øp- \ m- g nI
]pe¿∂p. Hcp-h-≥ Hcp ]m{Xw sIm≠p-h∂v
aq°n-\p-Xmsg ]nSn-®p. t]\m-°-Øn-sIm≠v
aq°p apdn-®p. Znhms‚ aq°n¬\n∂v c-‡-[mc
HgpIn. CXn-\n-S-bn¬ B NXn-b≥ Znhm-t\mSpw
Nncn®p Xp≈n-s°m≠p \mcm-bW Z¿i\w Inń
F∂p ]d-bq. ]d-™n-s√-¶n¬ F√m-hcpw Ifnbm-°pw.' F∂p ]d-™n´p ]n≥hm-ßn. Znhm≥
Hcp Xphm-e-sIm≠v aq°p XpS-®p. Znhm≥Pn-tbmSv cmPmhv -tNm-Zn-®p. "\mcm-b-Ws\ ImWmtam
hømtbm? ]d-bq. Znhm≥ cmPm-hns‚ ImXn¬
a{¥n-®p. Hcp Ip¥hpw ImWm-\n-√. Cu NXnb∑m¿ Bbn-c-°-W-°n\v Bfp-Isf NXn-®p.'
C\n- s b¥p thW- s a∂v cmPmhv tNmZn- ® p.
"Ch¿°v ITn-\-amb in£ \evI-Ww. Poh-]cy¥w XS-hp-in£ \evI-Ww. F√m-h-tcbpw
NXn® Cu NXn-bs\ Igp-X-∏p-dØp Ib‰n ITn\- a mbn ]oUn- ∏ n®v sIm√- W w.' cmPm- h ns‚
ImXn¬ Znhm≥ a{¥n- ° p- ∂ - X p- I ≠ Ah¿
`b∂v Hm´-am-cw-`n-®p. tk\ hf-™n-cp-∂X
- n-\m¬
HmSm≥ Ign-™n-√. cmPmhv BPvRm-]n-®p:-˛
"F√m-‰n-t\bpw ]nSn®v XS-hn-em°q. Ch-cpsS
t\Xm-hns\ ]nSn®v apJØv Icn-tX®v, ]g-s©cn∏p ame-b-Wn-bn-°q. F∂n´v Igp-X-∏p-dØp
Ib‰n ]´-W-Øn¬ Np‰n-°p-I. hgn-bn¬ Ipń-Isf-s°m≠v aÆpw Nmchpw Fdn-bn-°p-I. Ih-etXmdpw sNcn∏psIm≠v ASn-sIm-Sp-∏n®v \mbv°sf-s°m≠v ISn-∏n®v sIm√p-I. As√-¶n¬ a‰p≈-hcpw CXp-t]m-se-bp≈ {]hrØn sNøm≥
`b-s∏-Sm-Xm-Ipw'. Cßs\ sNbvX-Xn\p tijw
aq°p apdn-b≥ aXw Ah-km-\n-®p.
CXp-t]mse thZhncp≤-cmb hnhn[ k{ºZm-b-°m¿ ]c-[\w A]-l-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ AXnN-Xp-c-∑m-cm-Wv. CXv "k{º-Zm-b-'°m-cpsS eoebm-Wv.
kzman \mcm- b WaX- ° m¿ [\m- ] - l - c - W Øn\v ]e-Xcw h©-\-Ifpw kq{X-ßfpw D]tbm-Kn-°m-dp≠v. Adn-hn-√m-Ø-hsc h©n-°p-∂Xn-\p-th≠n "acW ka-bØv sh≈-°p-Xn-c∏p- d Øp Ib- d n- h ∂ kl- P m- \ - µ ≥ ap‡n
\evIn-sb∂pw', \nXyhpw Cu t£-{XØn¬
Hcp XhW hcm-dp≠v F∂pw a‰pw ]d™p ]cØm-dp-≠v. D’hw \S-°p-tºmƒ t£{X-Øn\p-≈n¬ ]qPmcn ]m¿°p-Ibpw Xmsg I®-hSw
\S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. t£{X-Øn¬\n∂v ]oSnI- b n- t e°v Zzmc- a p- ≠ v . Bsc- ¶ nepw tXßm
ImgvN-sh-®m¬ DSt\ AXv Zzmc-Øn-eqsS ]oSnI-bn-se-Øpw. Hcp \mfn-tI-cw-Xs∂ Znhkw
Bbn-c-°-W-°n\p XhW hnev°p-∂p. CXpt]mse Htcm km[-\hpw, injy-∑msc Ah-ch-cpsS PmXn-°-\p-k-cn®p sXmgn¬ sNøn-°p∂p. £pc-I≥ £pc-I-hrØn, Ipi-h≥ Ipi-hhrØn, inev]n inev]-tPm-en, sshiy≥ sshiyhr-Øn, iq{Z≥ iq{Z-hrØn F∂n-ß-s\. ChcpsS A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°v Icw NpaØn tImSn-°W-°n\v cq] kam-l-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
ÿm\m-tcm-lWw sNøp∂-h¿ hnhmlw Ign°p-∂p. B`-c-W-ß-f-Wn-bp-∂p. hoń¬ hnfn-®ph-cp-Øn-bm¬ tKmkm-bn-I-sf-t∏mse s]cp-amdp-Ibpw Z£nW hmßp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
kzbw k’w-Kn-I-sf∂pw a‰p-≈-hsc Ipkw-
289
207. {ioIrjvWx aa ic-Wav F∂-\z-bn-®m¬ Cu A¿∞am-Ipw.
208. Hcp hmIy-Øn¬ hn]-co-Xm¿Yw hcp-∂Xv icn-b-√.
t«jm-e-¶m-c-Øm¬ hn`n-∂m¿Y-ßƒ hcp-∂-Xm-Is´
`qj-W-hp-am-Wv. a{¥-ß-fpsS hn`n-∂m¿Y-ßƒ DZml-cW
- w.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Kn-I-sf∂pamWv Ch¿ hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. Xß-fpsS
Iq´-Øn¬ s]Sm-Ø-h¿ F{X henb ]WvUnXt\m [m¿an-It\m Bbmepw icn Ahsc
_lp-am-\n-°p-Itbm kXvI-cn-°p-Itbm C√.
a‰p aX-ÿsc _lp-am-\n-°p-∂Xv ]m]-ambn
KWn-°p-∂-XmWv Imc-Ww. ]pdta Ch-cpsS
kw\ym- k n- I ƒ kv { XoIsf t\m°p- I - b n- √ .
F∂m¬ Kp]vX-ambn Fs¥√mw eoem-hn-em-kß-fmWv \S-Øp-∂s
- X∂v Adn-™p-IqSm. NnebnSßfn¬ kw\ym-kn-am-cpsS ]c-kv{Xo-K-a\w
{]kn-≤-am-bn-´p-≠v.
Ch-cn¬ henb kw\ym-kn-am¿ acn-®m¬ clky-ambn t]m´-°n-W-dp-I-fn¬ C´p aqSnb--tijw
DS-temsS At±lw sshIpWvTØn¬ t]mbn
F∂p ]c-ky-s∏-Sp-Øpw. kl-Pm-\µ
- ≥ h∂mWv
sIm≠p- t ]m- b Xv ; Rßƒ Ct±lw ChnsS
hkn-°p-∂-XmWv \√-sX∂v ]d-™p-t\m°n
At∏mƒ kl-Pm-\-µ≥ ]d™p:˛ "C√. Ct±lsØ sshIp-WvT-Øn¬ hfsc Bh-iy-am-Wv.
AXp-sIm≠v sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂p. Rßƒ klPm-\-µ-t\bpw hnam-\-tØbpw IÆp-sIm≠v
I≠p. acn-°m≥ InS-∂-bm-fns\ hnam-\-Øn¬
Ib‰n CcpØn. apI-fn-te-°p-b-cth ]pjv]hrjvSn \S-Øn.
GsX-¶nepw kw\ymkn Akp-Ja
- mbn AXymk∂ \ne- b n¬ InS- ° p∂ ]£w Abmƒ
"Rm≥ \msf cm{Xn sshIp-WvT-Øn¬ t]mIpw"
F∂p ]dbpw. B cm{Xn-bn¬ Abmƒ NmImsX
t_m[-a‰p InS-°p-Ib
- m-sW-¶nepw FSpØv InW‰n-en-´p-I-f-bpw. ]d-™Xv Ak-Xy-am-bn-t∏m-Ipat√m Ft∂m¿Ømhmw Cßs\ sNøp-∂-Xv.
tKmkmbn acn-°p-tºmƒ injy-∑m¿ -]d-bp-∂Xv. ""eoem-hn-kvXmcw Ign-™p-t]mbn'' F∂mWv. tKmkm-bn-I-fp-tSbpw \mcm-bW aX-°m-cptSbpw a{¥w H∂p-X-s∂. "{ioIrjvW icWw
aa!' {ioIr-jvW-\mWv Fs‚ icWw AYhm
Rm≥ IrjvWs\ icWw {]m]n-°p-∂p F∂mWn-Xn-\¿∞w. Fs‚ ic-W-amWv {ioIr-jvW\v, F∂pw CXn-\¿∞w hcm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. 207 Cu
aX-ß-sf√mw hnZym-lo-\-ß-fm-I-bm¬ Xe Xncn™Xpw imkv{X-hn-cp-≤-hp-amb hmIy-c-N\ \SØp-∂p. F¥n-s\-∂m¬ Ah¿°-dn-hns‚ \nba-ßƒ ]cn-Nn-X-a√ 208.
am[zaXJWvU\w
tNmZyw:˛ am[zaXw \√-Xt√?
DØcw:˛ a‰p aXm-h-ew-_n-I-sft∏mse-bmWv
am[z-cpw. Chcpw N{Im-¶n-X-cm-Wv. a‰p N{Im-¶nX-cp-ambn Ch¿°p≈ hyXymkw cmam-\p-Pm-\pbm-bn-Iƒ Hcp XhW N{Im-¶n-X-cm-Ip-tºmƒ
am[z¿ h¿jw-tXmdpw N{Im-¶n-X-cm-bn-s°m-≠ncn-°p-s∂-∂-Xm-Wv. am[z¿ s\‰n-bn¬ IdpØ
hc-bn-Sp-∂p. a‰-h¿ a™-h-c-bpw. Hcp -am-[z-]WvUn-X-\p-ambn Hcp a-lm-flmhv hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZw
\SØn:˛
alm-flmhv:˛ \nß-sf-¥n-\mWv Idp-Ø-tcJbpw N{µ-°-e-t]mse Xne-Ihpw AWn-bp∂Xv?
imkv{Xn:--˛ CXv AWn-bp-∂-Xn-\m¬ Rßƒ
sshIpWvTw {]m]n-°pw. {ioIr-jvWs‚ \ndw
Idp-∏m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Rßƒ IdpØ
XneIw AWn-bp-∂p.
alm-flmhv:˛ IdpØ hcbpw Xne-I-hp-a-Wn™m¬ sshIp-WvT-Øn¬ FØp-sa-¶n¬ apJw
apgp-h≥ Idp∏v Nm¿Øn-bm¬ Fhn-Sm-sW-ØpI? sshIp-WvTØ
- n-\∏
- pdw FØptam? 209 {ioIrjvWs‚ icocw Idp-ØXmbn-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse
\nß-fpsS ico-chpw apgp-h≥ Idp-∏-Wn-bm-ØsX¥v? Aß-s\-bm-bm¬ {ioIrjvW kZr-icm-Im-a-t√m. Chcpw a‰p-≈-h-sc-t∏mseXs∂.
enMvKm-¶nX aX JWvU\w
tNmZyw:˛ enMvKm-¶nX aXw Fß-s\-bp≠v?
DØcw:˛ N{Im-¶n-Xtc-t∏m-se-bp-≠v. N{Im¶n-X¿ ˛ N{Iw-sIm≠v ]mSp hogvØp-Ibpw
\mcmb-W-s\m-gnsI a‰m-scbpw hniz-kn-°m-Xncn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse enMv-¶n-X¿ enMvØns‚ Npń-Ip-Øp-Ibpw alm-tZ-h-s\m-gnsI
a‰m-scbpw ]qPn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
enMvKm-¶n-X¿ Hcp inem-enwKw kz¿Æ-Øntem
sh≈n- b ntem s]mXn™v Igp- Ø n- e - W n- b ps∂∂ hntij-X-bp-≠v. sh≈w IpSn-®mepw,
AXns\ ImWn-®nt´ IpSn-°q. Ch-cpsS a{¥ßƒ ssih-cp-tSXp t]mse-bm-Wv.
{_“-k-am-P-hpw {]m¿∞\mkam-Phpw
tNmZyw:˛ {_“-k-am-Phpw {]m¿∞-\m-k-amPhpw \√tXm NoØ-tbm?
DØcw:˛ Ipsd-sb√mw \√Xpw H´-[nIw
NoØ-bp-am-Wv.
209. t]Pv 559 c≠mw ]mc-{Km^v t\m°p-I.
290
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
-tNmZyw:-˛ {_“-k-am-Phpw {]m¿∞-\m-k-amPhpw G‰hpw \√-Xm-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ Ch-cpsS
\nb-a-ßƒ hfsc \√XmIp-∂p.
DØcw:-˛ \nb-a-ßƒ F√m Awißfnepw
\√-X√
- . Fs¥-∂m¬ thZ-hn-Zym-lo-\c
- mb BfpI-fpsS k¶-ev]-ßƒ Fßs\ Xo¿Øpw icnbmIpw? {_“-k-am-Phpw {]m¿∞-\m-k-am-Phpw
{InkvXym-\n-I-fm-Ip-∂-Xn¬\n∂v Iptd-t∏sc
c£n-°p-Ibpw Iptd-sbms° hn{K-lm-cm-[-\mZn-Ifn¬ \n∂-I‰n \n¿Øp-Ibpw, I≈ {KŸß-fpsS sIń¬\n∂v Ducp-Ibpw a‰p-ambn Iptd
\√Xp sNbvXp,
F∂m¬ Ch-cpsS 16 tZmj-ßƒ
1. Ch-cn¬ kztZ-i-`‡n hfsc Ipd-hm-Wv.
{InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS BNm-cßƒ hf-sc-tbsd
kzoI-cn-®n-´p-≠v. `£-W-]m-\- \n-b-a-ßƒ hnhmlmZn \nb-a-ßƒ Chbpw am‰n-bn-´p-≠v.
2. kz¥w tZisØ {]iw-kn-°bpw ]q¿∆nIsc ]pI-gvØp-Ibpw sNøm-ØXp t]mIs´,
hb-dp-\n-dsb \nµn-°p-∂p-ap-≠v. {]`m-jW
- ß
-- fn¬
{Inkv X ym\n- I - s fbpw Cw•o- j p- I m- t cbpw
hmgvØp-I-bmWv Ch-cpsS tPmen. {_“mZn
Ejn-am-sc-∏‰n an≠pI t]mep-an-√. {]Xyp-X,
Cw•o-jp-Im-c√
- msX krjvSn-bn-enXx ]cy¥w H‰
hnZzm\pw D≠m-bn-ń-s√∂v Ch¿ ]d-bp-∂p.
Bcym-h¿Ø-°m¿ BZn apXevt° aqV-cm-bncp-∂p; Ch¿ Hcn-°epw D∂-X-cm-bn-ń-√t{X!
3. thZ-tØbpw a‰pw _lp-am-\n-°n-s√-∂Xp
t]mIs´ \nµn-°m-Xn-cn-°pI-bp-an-√. {_“-k-amP-Øns‚ Dt±iw e£yw F∂nh Fgp-Xn-bn-cn°p∂ ]pkvX-I-Ønse alm-flm-°-fpsS ]ń-Ibn¬ tbip, tami, apl-Ω-Zv, \m\-Iv, ssNX-
\y≥ F∂n-hsc s]Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. Hcp Ejntbtbm, al¿jn-tbtbm Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-ń√.
CXn¬\n∂v t]sc-gp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-h-cpsS aXm\p-bm-bn-I-fmWv Ch-sc∂v sXfn-bp-∂p. Cu
Bcym-h¿Ø-Øn¬ P\n®v Cu tZi-Ønse
A∂-]m-\m-Zn-I-ƒ Ign-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Ch¿
Xß-fpsS amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ, ]nXm-a-l-∑m¿ apXem-b-h-cpsS am¿§w hn´v hntZ-iob aX-ß-fnte°v Nmbvhv Im´p-∂Xpw {_“-k-am-Pn-Ifpw
{]m¿∞\m kam- P - ° mcpw C∂m- ´ nse
kwkvIrX hnZym cln-X-cmb Xßƒ alm
hnZzm≥am-cm-sW∂v {]I-S\w \S-Øp-∂Xpw,
Cw•ojp ]Tn®v ]WvUn-X-Ω-\y-cmbn QSp-Xnbn¬ Hcp aX-ap-≠m-°m≥ bXv\n-°p-∂Xpw a\pjy\v ÿnc-Xbpw A`n-hr-≤nbpw D≠m°p∂
{]hr-Øn-I-fm-Ip-∂-sX-ß-s\-bmWv?
4. Cw•o-jp-Im¿, bh-\¿, A¥y-P¿, F∂n-hcp-ambn `£Ww Ign-°p-∂-Xn¬ Hcp hyXymkhpw Iev]n-°p-∂n-√. D≠pw Xn∂pw IpSn®pw
PmXn-t`Zw XI¿Øm¬ \ΩpsS tZiw \∂mIp- sa∂v Ch¿ Icp- X p- ∂- X mbn tXm∂p- ∂ p.
Aßs\ sNbvXm¬ Fßs\ \∂mIpw? NoØbm-hp-Itb D≈q.
tNmZyw:˛ PmXn-t`Zw Cuiz-c-Ir-Xtam a\pjy-Ir-Xtam?
DØcw:˛ Cuiz-cI
- rXhpw a\pjyIrX-hp-amb
210. ChnsS ss\bm-bn-I-cpsS kmam\y hnti-jm-fl-I-PmXn-sb-∂√ hnh-£. Ah-cpsS aX-a-\p-k-cn®v Aizw
B\ apX-em-b-hbpw kmam\y hnti-jm-flI PmXnbm- W v . Chn- S psØ hnh- £ , {_m“- W m- Z n- I ƒ
imkv{Xo-b-]mcn`mjnI PmXn-bm-I-bm¬ kmam\y
a\p-jy-Pm-Xn-bnse hnti-j-Pm-Xn-sb-∂m-Wv. AXpsIm≠v kmam\y hnti-jm-flI PmXn-bmbn. alm-`mjy-Øn¬, AjvSm-[ym-bnbnse PmtX-ck
- {v Xo-hn-jb
- mZ-tbm-]-[mXv F∂ 4.1. 63-˛mw kq{Xw hymJm-\n-°th
PmXn-bpsS e£-Ww. BIr-Xn-{K-lWm PmXncvenMvKm\mw \ N kcvh- ` mIv kIr- Z m- J ymX
\ncv{Kmlym tKm{Xw N NcssWx kl F∂m-sW∂v
Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. CXn\v ssIb-Ss‚ hymJym\w C{]Im-ca
- mWv:˛ ""BIr-Xncv{K-lWw bkymx km BIrXn-{K-l-Wm, Ah-b-h-k-∂n-thi hyMv-tKy-XycvYx
291
GtX\ tKmXzm-Zn-Pm-Xncv e£nXm {_m“-W-XzmZnkvXp \ kw{K-lo-Xm. {_m“Wm £{Xn-bm-Zo\mw
kwÿm-\ky kZr-i-Xzm-Zn-Xn. X’w-{K-lmbml
˛ enMvKm-\m-anXn''. XmXv]cyw:˛ BIrXn AYhm
ico-c-˛-A-h-bh c-N\m hnti-j-Øm¬ D≠m-Ip∂
⁄m\-amWv PmXn. tKmXzw AizXzw F∂n-h-t]mse. {_m“W £{Xn-bm-Zn-If
- psS ico-c˛- A
- h
- b
- h cN\-bn¬ kam-\X
- b
- p-≠.v AXn-\m¬ "{_m“-W≥' F∂p]-d-™m¬ PmXn-bmbn KWn-°m-\m-hn-√. AXn-\m¬
]d-bp∂p ˛ F√m enMvK-ß-fnepw {]bp-‡-am-ImØXpw PmXn-kw-⁄b
- n¬ hcpw. {_m“-W£
- {- Xn-bmZn-Iƒ DZm-l-c-Ww. Cu D≤c-W-Øn¬\n∂v {_m“Wm-Zn-Iƒ ico-cm-Ir-Xn-sIm-≠-dn-bm-hp∂ PmXn-bn¬
s]Sp-∂n-se∂p hy‡w. \ymb-Im-cs‚ kam-\-{]-khm-flnIm PmXnx (2.2.68) F∂ kq{Xw BIr-XnsIm≠v {Kln-°m-hp∂ PmXn-sb-∏‰
- n-bm-Wv. kmam-\yamb PmXn-e-£Ww sIm≠v {_m“-Wm-Zn-Iƒ PmXn
hmN-I-a-s√-¶nepw imkv{Xob Imcy-kn-≤n-°p-th≠n
˛ DZm- l - c - W - Ø n\v hymI- c W imkv { X- Ø n¬˛
{_m“Wn F∂pw a‰p kv{Xo{]-Xybw tN¿°p-∂X
- n\v
hnti-j-cq-t]W PmXn F∂p ]d-™p-sh-t∂-bp-≈q.
Nc-W˛- t- Km-{X-hm-Nn-If
- mb PmXn-kw-⁄I
- fpw hntij-Pm-Xn-bn¬ s∏Spw.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
PmXn-t`-Z-ap≠v.
tNmZyw:-˛ Cuiz-cI
- r-Xt- a-Xv, a\p-jy-Ir-Xt- aXv?
DØcw:˛ a\p-jy≥, arKw, ]£n, hr£w, PeP¥p apX-emb PmXn-Iƒ Cuiz-cI
- r-Xa
- m-Wv. arKßfn¬ ]ip, IpXn-c, B\ apXemb PmXn-Iƒ,
hr£-ß-fn¬ Ac-bm¬, t]cm¬, amhv apXembh, ]£n-I-fn¬ lwk ˛ ImI˛ _Im-ZnIƒ, Pe-P-¥p-°-fn¬, a’y-˛-Xn-anw-K-em-Zn-Iƒ
apX-emb PmXn-t`-Zß
- ƒ Cuiz-cI
- r-Xa
- m-Wv. CXpt]m-se-bmWv a\p-jy-cnse {_m“W £{Xnb
sshiy iq{Z A¥y- P m- Z n, PmXn- t `- Z - ß ƒ.
F∂m¬ a\p- j y- c n¬ {_m“- W m- Z n- I sf
kmam\y PmXn-bn-e√ kmam\y hnti-jm-flI
210
PmXn-bn-emWv KWn-°p-∂-Xv. apºp h¿Wm{ia hyh-ÿ-bn¬ Fgp-Xn-b-Xp-t]mse KpWI¿a kz`m-h-Øm¬ h¿W-hy-h-ÿ AwKo-I-cnt°-≠Xv Bh-iy-am-W.v apºp ]d-™h
- Æw AhcpsS KpW-I¿akz`m-h-ßƒ t\m°n {_m“W
£{Xnb sshiy iq{ZmZn h¿W-ß-fpsS ]co£Ww \SØn hn`-Pn-t°≠Xv cmPm-°∑mcptSbpw hnZzm≥am-cp-tSbpw IrXy-am-Wv. CXmWv
a\p-jym-Ir-X-Xzw.
Blm-c-t`-Z-Ønepw Cuiz-c-Ir-Xhpw a\p-jyIr-Xhpw D≠v. knwlw amwk-lm-cn-bpw, Fcpa
kkym-lm-cn-bp-am-Wv. CXv CuizcIrXw. tZiIme hkvXp-t`-Z-Øm¬ Blm-c-t`Zw D≠m-°p∂Xv a\p-jy-Ir-Xw.
bqtdm-∏p-Im-cpsS KpW-tZmj \ncq-]Ww
tNmZyw:˛ t\m°q. bqtdm-∏p-Im¿ jqkpw,
tIm´pw ]m‚ vkpw [cn-°bpw, tlm´-ep-I-fn¬
Bcp-≠m-°n-b-sX∂p t\m°msX `£n-°pIbpw sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Ah¿ D∂-Xnsb
{]m]n-°p-∂p.
DØcw:-˛ CXp \nß-fpsS sX‰mb hnizm-kam-Wv. apk¬am-∑m-cpw, A¥y-Pcpw Bcp-≠m-°nb-Xm-bmepw `£n-°p-∂p, F∂n´pw Ah¿ D∂X-cm-hm-Øs
- X¥v? bqtdm-∏p-Im-cn¬ _mey hnhml-an-√. B¨s]¨ t`Z-an-√msX hnZym-`ymkw
\evIp-∂p. kzbw-hc hnhmlw \S-°p-∂p, NoØbm-fp-I-fpsS D]-tZiw e`n-°p-∂n-√, hnZzm-∑mcmbn Bcp-sSbpw ]nØ-em-´-Øn¬ s]Sm-Xn-cn°p-∂p. ]c-kv]cw Btem-Nn-®pw, k`-bn¬ N¿®sNbvXv \n›-bn®pw Imcy-ßƒ \S-Øp-∂p.
kzPm-Xn-I-fpsS Db¿®-°p-th≠n ico-chpw
a\ pw [\hpw A¿∏n-°p-∂p, Be-kyw-shSn™v I¿Ω-\n-c-X-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ch-bmWv
Ah-cpsS Db¿®°v \nZm\w. -t\m°q! Ah-cpsS
tZi-Øp-≠m-°nb _qSvkv am{Xta Imcym-e-bØnepw It®-cn-bnepw C´p-sIm≠v Ib-dp-hm≥
]mSp-≈q. ChnsS D-≠m-°n-bXv AI-Øp-I-SØpIbn-√. Ah-cpsS tZi-Øp-≠m-°nb sNcp∏n-t\m-Sp≈{Xbpw _lp-am-\hpw kvt\lhpw
CX-c-tZ-i-°m-cmb a\p-jy¿°p-t]mepw \evIp∂n-√. bqtdm-]y-∑m¿ ChnsS h∂n´v GXm\pw
iX-h¿j-ß-fmbn. CXp-h-scbpw Ah¿ XßfpsS hkv{X-[m-cW coXn XpS-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS
tZi-sØ BNm-c-co-Xn-I-sfm-∂pw Chn-sSbpw
am‰msX A\p-h¿Øn-°p-∂p. -\n-ß-fn¬ hf-sct∏cpw Ahsc A\p-I-cn-°p-∂p. CXn¬\n∂v
\nßƒ _p≤n-bn-√m-Ø-hcpw Ah¿ _p≤n-am∑m-cp-am-sW∂p kn≤n-°p-∂nt√? A\p-I-cn-°p∂Xv _p≤n-bp-≈-h-cpsS e£-W-a-√. AXpt]mse GXp tPmen-bn-en-cn-°p-∂pthm B
tPmen
btYm- N nXw
sNøp- ∂ p.
B⁄m\ph¿Øn-If
- m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. kz¥w \m´pImsc hym]m- c mZn- I - f n¬ klm- b n- ° p- ∂ p.
CØcw KpW-ßfpw \√ {]hr-Øn-bpw-sIm≠mWv Ah¿ Db-cp-∂-Xv. _q´vkpw, tIm´pw,
]m‚ vkpw [cn-°p-I, tlm´-en¬ `£n-°pI apXemb km[m-c-Wtbm NoØtbm Bb Imcyß-ƒsIm≠-√. Ch-cnepw PmXn-t`Zw D≠v. F{Xh-enb ÿm\-Øn-cn-°p∂bmfm-bmepw icn,
A\y-tZ-i-°m-cntbm A\y aX-ÿtbm Bb
kv{Xosb, AYhm bqtdm-]y≥ kv{Xo A\y-]pcp-js\ , hnhmlw Ign-®m¬Xs∂ Ahsc
F¥n-s\-¶nepw £Wn-°p-∂tXm, Iqń-cp∂p
`£Ww Ign-°p-∂tXm a‰p-≈-h¿ \n¿Øn-°-fbp-∂p. CXv PmXn-t`-Z-a-s√-¶n¬ ]ns∂-¥mWv?
Rß- f n¬ PmXn- t `- Z - a n- s √∂v km[p- ° - f mb
\nßsf ]d™p hniz-kn-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv. \nßfXv hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXn-\m¬
F¥p sNøp-∂Xpw \√-hÆw Btem-Nn-®p-thWw. ]n∂oSv ]›m-Øm-]-Øn\v CS hc-cp-Xv.
t\m°q! sshZy\pw Huj-[hpw tcmKn-°mWv
Bhiyw. tcmK-c-ln-X-\-√. hnZy-bp-≈-h¿ tcmKc-ln-X\pw hnZym-c-ln-X≥ Ahn-Zym-tcm-K-{K-kvX\p-am-Wv. B tcmK hnap-‡n°v kXy-hn-Zybpw k-tXym-]-tZ-ihpw thWw. Xn∂p-∂-Xnepw IpSn-
292
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
°p-∂X
- n-ep-amWv [¿Ω-an-cn-°p-∂s
- X∂ tXm∂¬
A⁄m-\-Øn¬\n-∂p-≠m-Ip∂ tcmK-am-Wv.
`£Ww Ign-°p-∂-Xn¬ Fs¥-¶nepw A\mNmcw Im´p-∂-h-¿ {`jvS-cm-sb∂p ]d-bpw. Ahcp-ambn kwkm-cn-°p-Itbm kl-I-cn-°p-Itbm
sNøp-∂n-√. Cu ÿnXn°v \nß-fpsS Adnsh√mw kzm¿∞-X-bv°p-th-≠ntbm ]c-am¿∞Øn\p th≠ntbm F∂p ]d-bp-I. \nß-fpsS
Adnhv A⁄m-\nIƒ°v {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-tºmgmWv ]c-am¿∞w {]m]vX-am-hp-∂Xv. A-h¿
{]tbm-P\s∏Sp-Øp-∂n√ F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv icnb-√., AXp \nß-fpsS Ip‰-am-Wv. Ah-cp-tS-X-√.
\nßƒ \∂mbn s]cp- a m- d p- s a- ¶ n¬ Ah¿
\nßsf kvt\ln-°p-Ibpw \nß-fpsS D]-tZi- ß ƒ tIƒ°p- I bpw D]- I r- X - c m- h p- I bpw
sNøpw. \nßƒ Bbn-c-°-W-°n\v P\-ß-fpsS
{]tbm-P\w \jvS-s∏-SpØn kzbw kpJn-®p. A-Xp-sIm≠v \nßƒ henb A]-cm-[n-I-fm-Wv.
A\y\v D]-Im-cw-sN-øp∂Xv [¿Ωhpw ]c-lm\n
hcp- Ø p∂Xv A[¿a- h p- a m- W v . AXn- \ m¬
hnZzm∑m¿ F√m- b v- t ∏mgpw th≠ hn[w
{]h¿Øn®v A⁄m-\n-Isf ZpxJ-km-K-c-Øn¬
\n∂p Ic-I-b-‰p-∂-Xn\v Hcp tXmWn-sb-∂-hÆw
h¿Øn- ° - W w. XnI™ aqV- ∑ m- s c- t ∏mse
A¿∞-an-√mØ I¿Ω-ßƒ sNbvXp-IqSm. ]Icw
A\y¿°pw X\n°pw Zn\w-{]Xn Db¿® D≠mIp∂ I¿a-ßƒ am{Xta sNøm-hq.
5. tNmZyw:˛ Cuiz-c-{]-Wo-Xhpw apgp-h\pw
kXy-hp-amb ]pkvX-I-sam∂pw Cs√∂mWv
Rß-fpsS hnizm-kw. Fs¥-∂m¬ a\p-jy-cpsS
_p≤n \n¿{`m¥-a-√. Ah≥ cNn® ]pkvX-I-ßfnepw sX‰p-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. AXp-sIm≠v
Rßƒ F√m-hc
- n¬\n∂pw kXysØ {Kln-°p∂p. Ak-XysØ XyPn-°p-∂p. thZ-Øn-te-tXm,
ss__n- f n- t e- t Xm, Jp¿-B-\n-tetXm at‰sX¶nepw {KŸ-Øn-tetXm BIs´ kXyw
Rßƒ°p kzoIm- c yhpw AkXyw- GXnteXmbmepw XymPy-hp-am-Wv.
DØcw
:˛ \nßƒ kXy-{Km-ln-If
- m-Im≥
B{K-ln-°p-∂-tX-Xp-sImt≠m AXp-sIm-≠pXs∂ \nßƒ Ak-Xy-{Km-ln-I-fp-am-Ip-∂p-≠v.
a\p-jy≥ -\n¿{`m¥\√ F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ
Xs∂ a\p-jycmb \nßfpw {`m¥n-k-ln-X-cm-
sW∂p hcp-∂p. Aß-s\-bp-≈-h-cpsS hm°pIƒ Xo¿Øpw {]mam-Wn-I-a-√. AXn-\m¬ \nßfpsS hm°p-Ifpw- -hn-iz-k-\o-b-a√. Aß-s\-sb¶n¬ hnjw-I-e¿∂ `£-Ww-t]mse \nß-fpsS
hm°p-If
- pw XymPyamWv. \nß-fpsS {]mam-WnI
{KŸw cNn®bmfns‚ hm°p-Ifpw CXp-t]mse
XyPn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. "Ing-°p-\n∂p h∂-Xp-an√
H‰m-en¬ InS-∂-Xp-an√' F∂ ÿnXn-bn-emWv \n-ßƒ. \nßƒ k¿∆-⁄-c-√m-Ø-Xp-t]mse
a‰p a\p-jycpw k¿∆-⁄-c-√. X∂n-anØw Nne-t∏mƒ kXysØ XyPn®v Ak-XysØ kzoIcn-°m\pw CS-bm-tb-°mw. AXp-sIm≠v k¿∆⁄-\mb ]c-am-flm-hns‚ hmWnbpsS klmbw
Aev]-⁄-cmb \ap-s°√mw IqSntb Ign-bq.
thZ hymJym-\-Øn¬ FgpXn h∂-Xns\ AXpt]mse 211 Ahiyw kzoI- c n- t °- ≠ - X m- W v .
As√-¶n¬ btXm-{`-jSv k
- X
v t- Xm-{`jvSx˛ C√-Øpan√ AΩm-Øp-an√ ˛ F∂ Ah-ÿ-bm-Ipw.
F√m kXy-ßfpw thZ-Øn¬ D≠v. AkXyw
H∂p-an√ F∂n-cns° AXns\ kzoI-cn-°p-∂Xn¬ i¶n-°p-∂Xv X\n°pw a‰p-≈-h¿°pw
lm\n-bp-≠m-°pI am{X-amWv. CXp \nan-ØamWv \nßsf C∂m- ´ p- I m¿ `mc- X o- b - c m- b nt∏mepw KWn-°m-Ø-Xv. \nßƒ Bcym-h¿ØØns‚ Db¿®°v Imc-W-°m-cm-hp-I-bp-an√.
Imc-Ww, \nßƒ Ccn-°p∂ sImºv apdn-°p∂hcm-Wv. CXp-sIm≠v kzbtam a‰p-≈h
- ¿t°m
D]-Imcw sNøm-sa∂p hnNm-cn°ps∂-¶n¬ AX-
211. t]Pv 318-˛319
293
212. krjvSyp-Xv]Øn F´mw kap-√m-kw. Poth-izc
hnjbw Ggmw kap-√m-kw.
213. ]›m-Øm-]hpw {]mb-›n-Øhpw XΩn¬ A¥-c-ap≠v. ]›m-Øm-]hpw {]m¿Y-\bpw `mhn-bn¬ ZpjvI¿aßƒ sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ klm-bn-°p-∂p. C°m-cW
- Øm¬ ]q¿h-Ir-X-amb ZpjvI¿a-ß-fpsS ê-ßfn¬\n∂v c£ In´p-I-bn-√. {]mb-›nØw sIm≠v
ZpjvI¿a I¿Øm-°ƒ imco-cI
- hpw am\-kn-Ih
- p-amb
IjvSw F{X I≠v A\p-`-hn-°p-∂pthm A{Xbpw
ZpjvI¿a-^-e-Øn¬\n∂v c£ {]m]n-°pw. imkv{XIm-c-∑m¿ {]mb-›nØ hyhÿ sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv
C°m-cW
- Ø
- m-em-Wv. CXp-Xs∂ \oXn-\ym-bt- °m-SX
- nbpsS in£-bnepw kw`-hn-°p-∂p. sNbvX sX‰n\v
\oXn-\ym-bt- °m-SX
- n-bpsS in£ A\p-`h
- n-®m¬ Cuizco-b-\o-Xn-\ym-b-Øn¬ ho≠pw in£ A\p-`-hn-t°≠-Xn-√. Hcp sX‰n\v c≠p-X-hW in£m-\p-`hw C√.
\ymbm-[n-]s‚ k¿h-⁄X
- m-cm-lnXyw \nanØw in£bn¬ G‰-°p-d-hp-Iƒ h∂p-Iq-Spw. Cu Ah-ÿ-bn¬
Ah-ti-jn-°p∂ G‰-°p-d-hp-Iƒ ]cn-l-cn-°p-∂Xv
Cuiz-cob \oXn-\ymb hyh-ÿ-bpsS `mK-amWv.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
km-[y-sa∂dnb-Ww. Bcp-sS-sb-¶nepw amXm-]nXm- ° ƒ c≠pt]- ¿ temI- Ø n- e p≈ Ipń- I sfsb√mw hf¿Øm≥ XpS- ß n- b m¬?
hf¿Øm≥ km[n- ° p- I - b n- s √∂p am{X- a √
A°m-c-W-Øm¬ kz¥w IpńIƒ \jvS-s∏´p
t]mhp-Ibpw sNøpw. CXmWv \nß-fpsS Ct∏mgsØ ÿnXn. thZm- Z n- k - X y- i m- k v { X- ß sf
AwKo- I - c n- ° msX \nßƒ Fß- s \- b mWv
kz¥w hm°p-If
- nse kXym-kX
- y-ßƒ ]co-£n°p-∂Xpw `mc-X-Øns‚ Db¿® ssIh-cp-Øp∂Xpw?
tZi-Øn-\p-≠m-bncn°p∂ tcmK-Øn-\p≈
Huj[w \nß-fpsS ]°¬ C√. bqtdm-]y-∑m¿
\nßsf AwKo-Ic
- n-°p-∂n-√. `mc-Xo-b¿ \nßsf
A\y- a - X - ° m- c m- b n- ´ mWv
ImWp- ∂ - X v.
C\nsb¶nepw Imcyw a\- n-em°n thZm-Zn-Ifw-Ko-I-cn®v tZtim-∂-Xn°v bXv\n°p-∂Xv
\∂m-bn-cn-°pw. kXyw Cuiz-c-\n¬\n-∂p {]Imin- ° p- s ∂∂v \nßƒ ]d- b p- ∂ p. ]ns∂- ¥ psIm≠v, Ejn-am-cpsS Bflmhn¬ Cuiz-c-\m¬
{]Im- i n- X - a mb kXym¿∞- a mbn thZ- ß sf
AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n√? \nßƒ thZw ]Tn-®n-ń-√,
]Tn-°m-\m-{K-ln-°p∂pan-√ F∂-XmWv Imc-Ww.
]ns∂-ß-s\-bmWv \nßƒ°v th-tZm-‡-amb
⁄m\w D≠m-hp-∂Xv?
6. D]m-Zm-\-Im-c-W-an-√m-sX-bmWv PK-Zp-Xv]Øn-sb-∂pw, Pohm-flmhv D≠mb-Xm-sW∂pw,
{Inkv X ym- \ n- I - s fbpw apk¬am- ∑ m- s cbpw
t]mse Ch¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. CXn-\p-Øcw,
krjvSyp-Xv]-Øn, Poth-iz-c-∑m¿ 212 F∂nh
hymJym-\n-®n-cn-°p∂nS-Øp-≠v. Imc-W-an-√msX
Imcyw D≠mIp∂Xv k¿hYm Akw-`-hy-amWv.
AXp-t]mse D≠m-bXv \in-°m-Xn-cn-°p∂Xpw
Akw-`-hyam-Wv.
7. ]›m-Øm-]hpw 213 {]m¿∞-\bpw sIm≠v
]m] \nhr- Ø n- b p- ≠ m- I p- s a∂ hnizm- k hpw
\nß-fpsS tZmj-am-Wv. Cu hnizmkw temIØn¬ ]m]w h¿≤n-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. ]pcmW hnizmkn-Iƒ Xo¿∞-bm-{X-sIm≠pw, ssP\¿ \h-Imc- a - { ¥- P ]w Xo¿∞- b m{X F∂n- h - s Im≠pw,
{Inkv X ym- \ n- I ƒ tbip- h n- e p≈ hnizmkw
sIm≠pw, apk¬am- ∑ m¿ - X u_mlv sNøp∂XpsIm≠pw, êm-\p-`hw IqSmsX ]m]-tamN\w e`n-°p-sa∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂p. CXp-sIm≠v
]m]w `bwIqSmsX sNøp-∂Xv hfsc h¿≤n®n-cn-°p∂p. C°m-cy-Øn¬ {_“˛{]m¿Y\m
kam-P-°m¿ ]ucm-Wn-I-tcbpw a‰pw t]mse-bmWv. thZ-Øns‚ A\p-⁄, ê-a-\p-`-hn-°msX
]m]-]p-Wy-ß-fn¬\n∂v \nhrØn D≠m-hp-Ibn√ F∂m-Wv. AX-\p-kc
- n-°p∂h¿ kZm ]m]hn-ap-Jcpw [¿tam-∑p-Jcpw Bbn-cn-°pw. êm\p-`-h-an-√msX \nhr-Ø-am-Ip-sa-∂m-sW-¶n¬
Cuiz-c≥ A\ym-b-Im-cn-bm-sW∂p h∂p-Iq-Spw.
8. \nßƒ Pohm-flm-hn\v AXy¥w D∂Xn
{]m]n°msa∂p ]d- b p- ∂ p. CsXm- c n°epw
km[y-a√
- . koa-bp≈ Pohm-flm-hns‚ KpW-I¿a
kz`m-hß
- f
- psS êhpw koa-bp-≈X
- m-bn-cn-°pw.
tNmZyw:-˛ Cuiz-c≥ Zbm-ep-hmWv. koa-bp≈
I¿a-ßƒ°pw \n o-a-amb êw \evIpw.
DØcw :-˛ Aßs\ sNbvXm¬ Cuiz-cs‚
\ymbw \jvS-amIpw. kXvI¿Ω-ß-fpsS ]ptcmK- X n°v Bcpw bXv\n- ° - b p- a n- √ . Ipd®v
kXvI¿ΩØn\v A\-¥amb êw e`n-°p-sa¶n¬ ]›m-Øm-]hpw {]m¿∞-\-bpw-sIm≠v
F{X-sb-¶nepw ]m]w C√m-Xm-Ipw. CØcw
Imcy-ßƒ [¿a-lm\n hcp-Øpw. ]m]-I¿Ωßƒ h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
tNmZyw:˛ Rß-ƒ kzm`m-hnI ⁄m\sØ
214
thZ-tØ-°mƒ hen-b-Xmbn Icp-Xp-∂p.
ss\an-Øn-I-amb ⁄m\sØ hne-h-bv°p-∂n√. Cuiz-c-Z-Ø-amb kzm`m-hn-I-⁄m\w \Ωnen-s√¶n¬ thZ-ß-sf-ßs\ ]Tn-°bpw ]Tn∏n°bpw a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw a\- n-em-°n-°p-Ibpw
sNøpw? AXn-\m¬ Rß-fpsS aX-amWv hfsc
\√-Xv.
DØcw:-˛ Cu hmZw \nc¿∞-I-am-Wv. Fs¥∂m¬ Bsc-¶nepw Xcp∂ ⁄m\w kzm`m-hnI
⁄m\-a√
- . kzm`m-hnI ⁄m\w klP⁄m\am-W.v AXv Gdp-Itbm Ipd-bp-Itbm C√. AXp
\nanØw Bcpw D∂Xn {]m]n-°p-I-bn-√. Im´pa-\p-jy-cnepw kzm`m-hnI ⁄m\-ap-≠v. F¶nepw
Ah¿ Db¿® t\Sp- ∂ n- √ . F∂m¬ ss\anØnI⁄m\-amWv D∂-Xn°p Imc-Ww. t\m°q!
214. CXv B[p- \ nI aX- a m- W v. CXn- t ∑- e mWv
Imƒam¿Ivkn-t‚bpw {^mbn-‰n-t‚bpw kn≤m-¥ß
- ƒ
sIń-∏-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
294
215. HºXmw kap-√mkw t]Pv 389 apX¬
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
_meymh-ÿ-bn¬ I¿Ø-hym-I¿Øhyßtfm
[¿am-[¿a-ßtfm \ap-s°m´pw Adn-hn-√m-bn-cp∂p. \mw hnZzm-∑m-cn¬ \n∂v ]Tn-®-Xn-\p-ti-jamWv [¿am-[¿a-ßfpw I¿Ø-hy-ßfpw a\- nem-°m-\m-b-Xv. AXn-\m¬ kzm`m-hnI ⁄m\Øns\ k¿thm-]-cn-bm-sW∂v Icp-Xp-∂Xv icnb-√.
9. \nßƒ ]q¿h-P∑
- hpw ]p\¿P-∑hpw AwKoI-cn-°m-ØXv -IrkvXym\nI-tfbpw ap…o-ßtfbpw A\p- I - c n- ® m- h mw.- - C - X n- \ p- Ø - c hpw
]p\¿P∑ hymJym-\-Øn¬ \n∂p {Kln-°pI. 215 F∂m¬ Poh≥ imizX ˛ \nXy≥ ˛
\msW∂pw AXns‚ I¿Ωhpw {]hm-l-cq-]Øn¬ \nXy-am-sW∂pw -am{Xw a\- n-em-°p-I.
I¿ahpw I¿a-hm\pw XΩn¬ - -\n-Xy-_-‘-ap-≠v.Pohmflmhv H∂pw sNømsX shdp-sX-bn-cn°p-I-bmtWm? Cuiz-c\pw shdptX Ccn-°p-Ibm- s Wt∂ \nßƒ ]d- b p- ∂ Xp tI´m¬
tXm∂q. ]q¿hm-]-c-P-∑-ßƒ Cs√∂ph∂m¬.
IrX-lm\n, BIrXm-`ym-Kaw , ss\¿LrWyw,
sshjayw F∂o tZmj-ßƒ Cuiz-c-\n¬
h∂p IqSpw. P∑-an-s√-¶n¬ ]m]-]pWy êß-f-\p-`-hn-°m-\m-ImsX hcp-∂p. as‰m-cm-fn\v
kpJtam ZpxJtam em`tam tNXtam hcp-Ønh-®m¬ AXn-\p-X-°-hÆw êw icocw [cn°msX {]m]vX-am-Ip-∂n-√. c≠m-aXv ˛ ]q¿h-P∑-Ønse ]m]-]pWyßfn-s√-¶n¬ Cu P∑Øn¬ kpJ- Z px- J - ß ƒ Fßs\bp≠m- I m\mWv? ]q¿h-P-∑-Ønse ]m]-]p-Wy-ß-f-\p-kcn-®√ Ch-sb-¶n¬ Cuiz-c≥ A\ym-b-Im-cnbpw,
sNbvX I¿a-Øn\p ê-e_v[n C√m-sX-bm-hpIbpw sNøpw. AXn- \ m¬ \nß- f psS Cu
hmZhpw icn-b-√.
10. Cuiz- c - s \- b - √ msX, Znhy- K pW- a p≈
]Zm¿∞-ß-tfbpw hnZzm-∑m-scbpw \nßƒ tZh∑m-cmbn Icp-Xp-∂n-√. CXpw icn-b-√. Fs¥∂m¬ Cuiz-c≥ alm-tZ-h-\m-Wv. thsd tZh∑m-cn-s√-¶n¬ tZh-tZ-h-\mb alm-tZ-h≥ Fs∂¥n\p ]d-bWw?
11. A·ntlm{XmZn I¿Øhy I¿aßƒ
I¿Ø-hy-a-s√∂p Icp-Xp-∂Xv \√-X-√.
12. Ejn-˛-a-l¿jn-am-cpsS D]-Im-c-ßƒ hn-kvacn®v tbip-hn-s‚bpw a‰pw ]n∂mte Iq\n-°q-Sp∂Xv \√-X-√.
13. Imc-W-hn-Zy-bmb thZ-ß-sf-°q-SmsX a‰p
Imcy-hn-Zy-Isf AwKo-I-cn-°p-I-sb-∂Xv Akw`-hy-am-Wv.
14. hnZy-bpsS Nn”-ß-fmb bt⁄m]-hoXw
inJ F∂nh shSn™v IrkvXym-\n-I-tfbpw
ap…ow-ß-tfbpw t]mse \S-°p-∂Xv shdp-tXbm-Wv. ]m‚ vkpw a‰pw [cn-°p-Ibpw saU-epIfpw a‰pw [cn-°m≥ B{Kln-°pIbpw sNøp∂-h¿°v bt⁄m]-hoXw henb `mc-am-bnt∏mtbm?
15. {_“m Ejn apX¬ Ctßm-´v alm-hn-Zzm∑m¿ Bcym-h¿Ø-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-´p-≠v. Ahsc
]pI-gvØmsX kmbv]-∑msc -kvXp-Xn®p \S°p∂Xv ]£-]m-Xhpw {]oW-\-hp-a-s√-¶n¬
]ns∂¥msW∂p ]d-bWw?
16. _oPm-¶pcw t]mse, PU-tN-X\ kwtbmK-Øm¬ _otPm-Xv]Øn AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂Xpw,
DXv]Ø
- n°p apºv Poh-XØzw D≠mbncp∂ns√∂pw,
D≠m-bXv \in-°p-∂n-s√∂pw hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv
]q¿hm-]c hncp-≤-am-Wv. -DXv]Øn°p apºv
tNX\˛P-U-h-kvXp-°ƒ C√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬
Poh≥ Fhn-sS-\n∂p h∂p? -G-Xn-s‚-sb√mw
kwtbm-K-amWp kw`-hn-®Xv? Ch c≠pw k\mX-\-am-sW∂p ]d-bp∂Xp icn-bm-Wv. F∂m¬
krjvSn°p apºv Cuiz-c-\-√msX as‰mcp XØzhp-an-√m-bn-cp-s∂∂ Xm¶-fpsS ]£w \ne-\nev°msX t]mIp-∂p.
AXn-\m¬ Db¿®-bm-{K-ln-°p-∂h¿ Bcyk-am-P-Øn-t\mSp tN¿∂v AXns‚ Dt±yiya-\pk-cn®v {]h¿Øn-°m≥ Xøm-dm-I-Ww. As√¶n¬ Hcp t\´hpw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. GXp tZiØnse ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ sIm≠mtWm kzi-cocw
D≠m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xpw-. Ct∏mgpw ]men-°-s∏Sp-∂X
- pw, taenepw ]men-°s
- ∏-Sp-∂Xpw AXns‚
Db¿®°v icocw a\kv [\w F∂nh A¿∏n®v
F√m-hcpw tbmPn®v ]c-kv]c {]oXn-tbmsS
bXv\n-°-Ww. AXn-\m¬ Bcy-k-am-P-tØt∏mse Bcymh¿Ø tZi-Øns‚ D∂-Xn°v
as‰m∂pw Imc-Wa
- m-hp-In-√. Cu Cu kam-PsØ
klm-bn-°p-sa-¶n¬ hfsc \√-Im-cy-am-WXv
kam-PØns‚ ku`mKyw h¿≤n∏n-t°≠Xv
kmaq-l-Øns‚ IS-a-bmWv hy‡n-bptSXp -am-
295
216. al¿jn-bpsS ImeØv 600-e-[nIw cmPm-°-∑m¿ `mcX-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
{X-a-√.
tNmZyw:˛ Xm¶ƒ F√m-h-tcbpw JWvUn-®psIm- ≠ n- c n- ° p- ∂ p. F∂m¬ AXm- X ns‚
\nebv°v F√m aX-ßfpw \√XmWv. Btcbpw
JWvU\w sNbvXp IqSm. JWvUn-®n-´v, sa®-amsb-¥mWv Xm¶-fp-]-tZ-in-°p-∂-Xv? sa®-am-bp]-tZ-in-°ps∂¶n¬ Xm¶-tf-°mƒ A[n-Itam
Xpeytam tbmKy- X - b p≈ Bcpw C√m- b n- c ps∂t∂m Cs√t∂m Icp-Xp-∂p≠m-hp-at√m?
Cßs\ A`n-am-\n-°p-∂Xv Xm¶ƒ°v DNn-X-a√. Fs¥-∂m¬ Cuizcs‚ krjvSn-bn¬ H∂ns\m∂v Xpeytam \yq\tam Bbn ]e-Xp-ap≠v.
Uw`v Im´p-∂Xv H´pw DNn-X-a-√.
DØcw:-˛ [¿aw F√m-h¿°pw H∂p-Xs
- ∂tbm
]etXm? ]e-XmsW∂p ]d-bp∂ ]£w H∂v
as‰m-∂n\v hncp-≤tam Ahn-cp-≤tam? hncp-≤am-W-¶n¬ GsX-¶nepw Ht∂ [¿aam-bn-cn-°q.
A-hn-cp-≤-am-sW-¶n¬hn`n∂ambn-cn°p∂-Xn¬
A¿Y-an-√.- A-Xn-\m¬ [¿aw H∂m-Wv. At\-Ia-√.
ChnsS hnti-j-ambn ]d-bp-∂Xv C{X-am-{XamWv:-˛ F√m k{º-Zm-b-ß-fp-tSbpw D]-tZ-ißƒ GsX-¶nepw `c-Wm-[n-]≥ kam-l-cn-®m¬,
Bbn-c-Øn-sem´pw Ipd-bp-I-bn-√. F∂m¬ Chbn¬ -ap-Jy-ambn ]pcm-Wn, IrkvXym-\n, ssP-\n,
Ipdm\n F∂o -\m-en-\ta D≠m-bn-cn-°q. F√m
k{º-Zm-b-ßfpw Cu \men-sem-∂n¬s∏Spw.
GsX-¶nepw cmPmhv Xs‚ k`-bn¬ 216Cu
Bbn-c-tØ--bpw hnfn®p Iqń ""Rm\n-Xp-hscGsX- ¶ nepw Kpcp- h n- t \tbm [¿Ω- t Øtbm
kzoI-cn-®n-ń-√. F√m [¿Ω-ß-fnepw DØaw
Bcp- t S- X m- W v? Rm≥ kzo- I - c nt°≠Xv
GXmWv? hma-am¿Kn BZyw ]d-bs´''. F∂p
]d-bp-∂p-sh∂p k¶-ev]n°pI.
hma-am¿Kn:-˛ Rß-fp-tS-Xv.
Pn⁄mkp:˛ Cu 999-˛w Fß-s\-bp≠v?
hm. am:-˛ F√m-hcpw I≈-∑m¿. \c-I-Km-anIƒ ImemXv ]c-Xcw \ln F∂p -tI-ń-ńt√?
Cu {]am-W-Øm¬ Rß-fp-tS-Xn¬ sa®-amb
[¿Ω--an-s√∂p \n›-bw.
Pn:-˛ Xm¶-fpsS [¿Ωw -F-¥mWv?
hm. am:˛ `K-h-Xnsb tkhn°, aZyamwkmZn
]©-a-Im-c-ßƒ tkhn°, cp{Z-bm-a-emZn X{¥ßƒ sNbvI, CXymZn \n\°v ap‡n thtWm,
\ΩpsS injy-\m-bn-s°mƒI.
Pn:˛ icn. a‰p alm-Xvam-°-tfm-Sp-IqSn tNmZn®-dn-b-s´. ]n∂oSv F\n°v {i≤bpw CjvShpw
tXm∂p∂bmfns‚ injy-\m-Ipw.
hm. am:˛ tlbv! F¥n\o A_-≤-Øn¬
NmSp∂p? Ch¿ \nßsf I_-fn-∏n®v he-bn¬
IpSp-°pw. Bcp-sS-b-SpØpw t]mtI-≠. RßfpsS injy-\m-hv. As√-¶n¬ ]›m-Ø-]n-°pw.
t\m°v ! Rß- f psS aX- Ø n¬ t`mKhpw
tam£hpw c≠pw D≠v.
Pn:˛ icn. t\m°n-h-cmw.
]n∂oSv ssihs‚ ASpØv sN∂- t ∏mƒ
Ahcpw CtX DØcw ]d-™p. hnti-jm¬]d™-Xn-{X-am{Xw:˛ ""inhs\ hniz-kn-°msX,
`kv a - c p- { Zm£ [mc- W - h pw, enMv K - ] q- P bpw
sNømsX ap‡n Hcn-°epw e`n-°p-I-bn-√.''
Chsc hn´v \ho\ thZm-¥n-bpsS ASpØp
sN∂p.
Pn⁄mkp:˛ alm-fl≥! Ahn-SsØ [¿Ωsa-¥mWv?
thZm¥n:˛ \mw [¿am[¿a-ß-sfm∂pw IW°m-°p-∂n-√. \mw km£m¬ {_“-am-Wv. \ap°v
[¿a-sa¥v, A[-¿asa¥v? Cu PKØv anYy.
⁄m\n-bm-h-tWm, ip≤ ssNX-\y-am-I-tWm,
{_“-sa∂v kzbw \n\-bv°q. Poh-s\-∂-`mhw
If \nXy-ap-‡-\m-hpw.
Pn⁄mkp:˛ \nßƒ \nXy-ap‡ {_m“-Ws\-¶n¬ {_“-Øns‚ KpW-I¿a kz`m-h-ßƒ
\nß-fn-en-√m-Ø-sX¥v? F¥n\o ico-c-Øn¬
_‘nX-\m-bn-cn-°p∂p?
th:˛ \nßƒ icocw ImWp- ∂ p, Ct√?
AXmWv -{`m-¥n. \Ωƒ H∂pw ImWp-∂n-√. {_“-a-√msX
Pn:˛ ImWp-∂-Xmcv? Bsc ImWp∂p?
th:˛ {-- _“w ImWp-∂p. {_-“sØ {_“w
ImWp-∂p.
Pn:˛ tM! c≠p {_-“-apt≠m?
th:˛ C√. Xs∂, Xm≥ ImWp-∂p.
Pn:˛ Hcp- h \v Ahs‚ tXmfn¬ Ib- d msat∂m? \nß-fpsS Cu ]d-®n-en¬ H∂p-an-√.
{`m¥-√m-sX.
]n∂oSv ssP\n-If
- psS ASpØp sN∂p tNmZn-
296
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
®p. Ahcpw Aß-s\-Xs∂ ]d-™p. hntijm¬ C{Xbpw IqSn ]d-™p. ""PnW [¿a-samgnsI as‰√mw s]m´. PKXv I¿Øm- h mb
A\mZn Cuiz-c-\n-√. PKØv A\mZn Imew
apX¬ Cßs\ D≠m°n h®-Xm-Wv. Cßt\
XpS-cpw. \o hm. \ΩpsS injy-\m-hv. \Ωƒ
kay‡zo ˛ F√m hn[-Ønepw \√-h¿ ˛ BWv.
\√ Imcy-ßƒ kzoI-cn-°p-∂p. ssP\ am¿K-a√m-Ø-sX√mw anYzm-Xzo-b-am-Wv.''
]n∂oSv Ir-kvXym-\n-I-fpsS ASpØp sN∂p.
Ah- t cmSpw hma- a m¿Kn- I - t fmSp tNmZn- ® Xpt]mse tNmZy-ßƒ tNmZn-®p. Ah¿ ]d-™Xp-t]mse DØ-c-hpw Inń. hnti-jm¬ C{Xam{Xw IqSn ]d™p:-˛ ""a\p-jy-sc√mw ]m]n-IfmWv. kz¥w kma¿∞yw-sIm≠v ]m]-ap‡n
In´p-I-bn-√. {InkvXp-hn-¬ hnizkn®v ]hn-{X-cmImsX ap‡n-bn-√. tbip F√m-h¿°pw th≠n
kzbw Ipcn-in-te-dn I\n-hp-Im-ń, \o Rß-fpsS
injy-\m-bn-t°m-fq.''
CXp tI´-tijw Pn⁄mkp aue-hn-km-tl_ns‚ ASpØp sN∂p. Ahn-sSbpw tNmtZymØ-c-ß-fp-≠m-bn, C{X-bpw-IqSn ]d-™p. ""k¿∆i- ‡ - \ mb A≈mlp, Ahs‚ {]hm- N - I ≥
Jp¿B≥ ico^v Ch-b-√msX a‰p ap‡n am¿§an-√. CXn¬ hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h¿ \mkvXn-Icpw
Im^n-dp-If
- p-am-Wv. Ah¿ hmPn_p¬IXv¬ (inct—Zw sNø-s∏-tS-≠-h¿) BWv.
Pn⁄mkp sshjv W hcpsS ASpØp
sN∂p. Ah¿ hnti-jm-¬ ]d-™Xv CXm-Wv.
""Rß-fpsS Xne-I-°pdn I≠v ba-cm-P≥ `b°p-∂p.'' PnPvRmkp hnNm-cn®p ˛ Cu®bpw
sImXpIpw t]meo-kp-Im-c\pw I≈\pw sIm≈°m-c\pw i{Xp°fpw `b-s∏-Sp-∂n√. ]n∂mtWm
ba-`-S-∑m¿!
ho≠pw apt∂m´v \S∂v Htcm aX-°m-cp-tSbpw
ASpØp sN∂p. F√m-hcpw Xß-fp-tS-XmWv
kXy-sa∂p ]d-™p. Nne¿ Rß-fpsS I_o¿
kXyw, Nne¿ \m\Iv kXyw, Nne¿ ZmZq, Nne¿
h√-`≥ C\n Nne¿ kl-Pm-\-µ≥, a‰p-Nne¿ am[z≥ apX-embhsc henb-hcpw Ah-Xm-c-ß217. apWvU-tIm-]-\n-jØv 1.2, 12-˛13
218. ssII-fn¬ ka¿∏W hkvXp-hp-ambn kan[ (b-⁄hn-d-Iv) kpe-`hpw sFI-cq-]y-ap-≈-Xp-am-I-bm¬ D]\n-jX
- vIm-c≥ AXv ka¿∏W hkvXp-hm-°n-bX
- m-Wv.
Acn-‡-lvk-X≥ = iq\y-a-√mØ ssII-fp-≈-h≥
fp-ambn hmgvØn. Bbn-ct- ØmSpw tNmZn-®p. AhcpsS ]c-kv]c hntcm[w I≠v, Ch-cn-emcpw Kpcphmbn kzoI-cn-°m≥ tbmKy-c√ F∂v \n›bn®p. Fs¥-∂m¬ Hmtcm∂pw I≈-am-sW∂v a‰v
999 t]¿ km£n ]d-™p. I≈°®-hS- °
- m-c\pw,
thiy-bpw, sX√m-ep-Im-c-\pw Ah-c-h-cpsS Nc°p-Iƒ \s∂∂pw a‰p-≈h
- c
- ptSXv NoØ F∂pw
]d-bp-∂Xp t]mse-bm-Wn-h¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xpsa-∂dn™v:-˛
1. XZzn-⁄m-\mcvYw, k Kpcp-ta-hm-`n-K-t—Xv
kan-Xv]mWnx t{im{Xnbw {_“-\n-jvT-av.
2. Xkvssa khn-Zzm-\p-]-k-∂mb kay-Iv{]im¥ NnØmb ia-\zn-Xmb tb\m-£cw ]pcpjw thZ kXyw t{]mhmN Xmw XØztXm
{_“-hn-Zym-av. 217
1. B kXysØ Adn-bp-∂X
- n\v kan-Xv]mWn
AXm-bXv sXmgpssI-tømsS Acn‡lkvX\mbn 218 thZ-⁄-\pw, {_“-\n-jvT\pw, ]cam-flm-hns\ Adn-bp∂ Bfpamb Kpcp-hns‚
ASpØv sN√-Ww. Cu A‘-hn-izm-kn-IfpsS
he- b n¬ hog- c p- X v . 2 Aßs\ Pn⁄mkp
hnZzms‚ ]°-se-Øn-bm¬ B im¥NnØ-\mb
PntX-{µnb≥, kao-]ÿ\mb Pn⁄m-kp-hn\v
bYm¿Y {-- _“hnZy AYhm Cuiz-cs‚ KpWI¿a kz`m- h - ß ƒ D]- t Z- i n- ° - W w. GtXsX√mw km[- \ - I - f m¬ B t{imXm- h n\v
[¿am¿∞ Ima-tam-£-ßƒ, ]c-am-flmhv F∂nhsb Adn-bm≥ Ign-bp-tam, Ah-sb-s¥∂v
t_m[n-∏n®p sImSp-°-Ww.
C{]-Im-c-ap≈ Bfns‚ ASp-sØØn ]d™p˛alcmPv! Cu k{º-Zm-b-ß-fpsS _l-fØn¬ s]´v Fs‚ a\ v {`m¥-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
Fs¥- ∂ m¬ Rm≥ Ch- b n¬ GsX- ¶ nepw
injyXzw kzoI-cn-®m¬ 999 -t]-cpsS hntcm[w
kºm-Zn-°-Ww. 999 i{Xp-°fpw Hcp an{Xhpw
D≈-bm-fn\v Hcn-°epw kuJyw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√.
AXn-\m¬ Rms\¥p sNø-W-sa∂v Aßv D]tZ-in-°-Ww.
B]vXhnZzm≥˛ Cu aX-ß-sf√mw Ahn-ZymP-\yhpw hnZym-hn-tcm-[n-I-fp-amWv. aqVcpw ]maccpw ImS-∑m-cp-amb a\p-jysc I_-fn-∏n®p hioI-cn®v Ahsc he-bn¬ IpSp°n Ch¿ kz¥w
{]tbm-P\ kn≤n°p]tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. B ]mhßƒ Ah-cpsS a\pjy P∑-Øns‚ êw e`n-
297
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
°msX P∑w ]mgm-°p-∂p. GXn¬ F√m-h-cptSbpw A`n-{]mbw H∂mtWm AXt{X thZ-aXw. AXt{X ssIs°m-t≈-≠Xv. ]c-kv]-c-hntcm[w D≈Xv sa\-s™-SpØ Ak-Xyhpw
X∂n-anØw XymPy-hp-am-Wv.
Pn⁄mkp :˛ CsX-ßs\ ]co-£n-®-dnbpw?
B]vX-hn-Zzm≥:˛ \o t]mbn C\n ]d-bpwhÆw- F-√m-htcmSpw tNmZn-°p-I. Ah-cp-sSsb√mw adp-]Sn H∂m-bn-cn°pw.
Abmƒ B Bbncw t]cpsS Iq´Øn¬
sN∂v ]d™p:˛ ""F√m-hcpw tIƒ°-Ww. kXy`m--j-W-Øn-emtWm [¿aw. anYym-`m-j-W-ØnemtWm?'' F√m-hcpw H‰-kz-c-Øn¬ ]d™p:-˛
""kXy-`m-j-W-Øn-emWv [¿aw. anYym-`m-j-WØn¬ A[¿a-amWv'' AXp-t]mse hnZym-`ym-kØn¬, {_“-Ncy ]me-\-Øn¬, ]q¿Wbphm-hÿ- b n¬ hnhmln- X - c m- I p- ∂ Xn¬, k’w- K Øn¬, ]pcp- j m¿∞- Ø n¬, kXyhy- h - l m- c Øn¬ F√mamtWm [¿aw, AtXm Ahn-Zym-{KlWw, {_“- N cyan√mbva, hy`n- N mcw,
IpkwKw, aSn, Ak-Xy-hy-hl
- mcw, NXnhpw Im]Syhpw, lnwk, ]c-lm\n apX-em-b-h-bntem?
F√m-hcpw H∂n®p tN¿∂v ]d-™p. ""hnZym`ym-km-Zn-Iƒ [-¿ahpw AhnZym {Kl-Wm-Zn-Iƒ
A[¿a-hp-am-Wv.'' At∏mƒ PnPvRmkp F√m-htcm-Sp-ambn ]d™p:˛ "" \nßƒ C{]-Imcw H‰s°-´mbn kXy-[¿Ω-Øns‚ D∂-Xnbv°pw anYyam¿K-Øns‚ Ah-\-Xn-bv°p-ambn F¥p-sIm≠v
{]h¿Øn-°p-∂n√? F√m-h-cpw-IqSn ]d™p:˛
Rß- f - ß s\ sNbv X m¬ Rßsf Bcp
Ku\n°pw? Rß-fpsS injy-∑m¿ ]d™m¬
tIƒ°n-√. hb-‰p-∏n-g∏v ap´pw. A\p-`-hn-°p∂
B\-µ-ß-sf√mw ssIhn-´p-t]mIpw. AXp-sIm≠mWv Adn-bm-am-bn´pw kz¥aX-ß-fpsS {]NmcWw sNøp-∂Xv. ""Imńse XSn, tXh-cpsS
B\, hen-°t´ XSn'' F∂-XmWv Imcyw.
t\m°q temI-Øn¬ t\cpw sNm∆p-ap≈ a\pjys\ Bcpw hI-sh-bv°n-√. NXnhpw h©-\bp-ambn \S-°p∂ ht\hne-bp-≈q.
Pn-⁄mkp:˛ CØcw I≈-Ø-c-ß-fn-eqsS
a‰p-≈h
- sc sIm≈-bS- n-°p-∂X
- n\v cmPmhv in£\-evIm-Ø-sX-¥mWv?
aX-°m¿:˛ Rßƒ cmPm-hn-t\bpw injy-\m°n-°-gn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. th≠-sX√mw sNbvXn-´p≠v. hn´p-t]m-hn-√.
Pn:˛ \nßƒ Im]Syw sIm≠v a‰p-≈-hsc
h©n-°p-∂p. Cuiz-c\p apºn¬ F¥p kam[m\w ]dbpw? tLmc-\c
- I
- Ø
- n¬ hogpw sNdnb
Pohn-X-Øn\v C{X henb A]-cm[w sNøp-∂Xv
F¥psIm≠v XyPn-°p-∂n√?
a:˛ hcp- ∂ n- S Øp h®p ImWmw. \c- I w,
Cuizc, in£ F∂n- h - s bms° hcp- t ºmgmIs´. Ct∏mƒ B\-µn-°-Xs∂! Bfp-Iƒ
Rßƒ°m-h-iy-amb [\m-Zn-I-sf√mw Xcp-∂p.
]nSn®p ]dn-°p-∂n-√. ]ns∂ cmPm-sh-¥n\p
in£n-°Ww?
Pn: GsX-¶nepw sNdnb Ipń-Isf h©n®v
[\w A]-l-cn-®m¬ Ah¿°p in£ e`n-°p∂p. AXp-t]mse \nßƒs°-¥mWv In´m-ØXv?
Fs¥-∂m¬ ""At⁄m `hXn ssh _mex
]nXm-`-hXn a{¥Zx'' (a\p) 219 ⁄m\-an-√m-Øbmƒ _me\pw, ⁄m\w \ev I p- ∂ - b mƒ
]nXmhpw (hr-≤-\pw) F∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
_p≤n-am-∑m-cmb hnZzm-∑m¿ \nß-fpsS hebn¬ s]Sp-I-bn-√. _mekZr-i-cmb A⁄m\n-Isf sIm≈-b-Sn-°p∂ \nßƒ°v cmPyw
in£ \evtI-≠Xp Xs∂-bm-Wv.
a:˛ cmPmhpw {]P-Ifpw F√mw Rß-fpsS
aX- Ø n- e m- s W- ¶ n¬ Bcv Rßƒ°v in£
\evIm-\mWv? Aßs\ h√ hyh-ÿbpw hcs´,
At∏mƒ CsX√mwhn´v thsd ]cn-]m-Sn-t\m-°ns°m-≈mw.
Pn:˛ \nßƒ shdp- t X- b n- c p∂v ]c- [ \w
[q¿Ø-Sn-°p-∂p-h-t√m. hnZym-`ymkw sNbvXn´v
Krl-ÿ-cpsS Ipń-Isf ]Tn-∏n-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬
\nßƒ°pw Ah¿°pw {]tbm-P-\-s∏-t´-s\.
ax-˛ _meyw apX¬ acWw hsc-bp≈ kIe
kpJ-ßfpw shSn™v ]Tn-°p-I, A\ysc ]Tn∏n°, D]- t Z- i n°, CXp- s Im- s ≠√mw
Rßƒs°¥p KpWw? CsXm-∂p-an-√msX e£°-W°
- n\p cq] Rßƒ°p In´p-∂p. kpJ-ambn
Ign-bp-∂p. CXp hn´p-I-f-bp-Itbm?
Pn:˛ CXns‚ êw NoØ- b m- b n- c n- ° pw.
219. a\p-kvarXn 2.53
220. {_nójv \mWb hyh-ÿb
- n¬ cq]bv°v 16 AWbpw
AWbv°v 12 ss]kbpw BWv D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. 16
Iebpw 12 Awi-I-e-bp-sa-∂¿Yw.
298
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
\nßƒ°v alm-tcmKw hcp∂p. thKw acn-°p∂p. _p≤n-am-∑m¿ \nµn-°p-∂p. ]ns∂-bp-sa-¥psIm≠v a\- n-em-°p-∂n√?
a:˛ Fs‚ ktlm-Zcm!
1. SIm [cvaj
- vSIm Icva SImln ]caw ]Zav
bky Krtl SIm \mkvXn lm! SIm SI-S-Imb-tX.
2. BWm Awi-Iemx t{]m‡m cqt]ymfku
`K-hm≥ kzbav, AXkvXw kcvh C—¥n
cq]yw ln KpW-h-Ø-a-av.
1. (SIm (Xp-´v) -[¿aw, SIm I¿aw. SIm-bmWv
]c-a-]-Zw. BcpsS hoń¬ SIm-bn-√. Abmƒ
lm! SI-S-Im-sb∂v \´w Xncnbpw) \o ]-ø≥.
temI-Im-cy-ß-f-dn-hn-√. Xpń-√msX [¿a-an-√.
Xpń-√msX I¿a-an-√, Xpń-√msX ]c-a]Z-{]m]vXn-bn-√. hoń¬ ]W-an-s√-¶n¬, \√-h-kvXp°ƒ I≠m¬ l! Fs‚ ssIbn¬ Xpń√t√m
Ft∂m¿Øv \´w Xncn-bpw.
2. F√mhcpw ]Xn-\mdpIe-I-fp≈ AZr-iy\mb `K-hmt\∏‰n ]d-bp-Ibpw tIƒ°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p. Ahs\ ImWm-t\-bn-√. F∂m¬
]Xn- \ mdv AW- I fpw AXns‚ Awi- I - e Ifpw 220 D≈ cq]bmWv km£m-¬ `K-hm≥.
A-Xn-\m¬ Ghcpw cq]sb At\z-jn-°p-∂p.
F√m Imcy-ßfpw kn≤n-°p-∂Xv cq]-sIm-≠mW-t√m.
Pn:˛ icn-Xs∂, \nß-fpsS D≈p-I≈n shfnhm-bn. Cu Im]Syw Im´p-∂-Xp-ap-gp-h≥ kpJØn- \ p- t h- ≠ n- b m- W v . F∂m¬ CXp- s Im≠v
temI-Øn\p \mita D≠mhq. ktXym-]-tZ-iØm¬ temI-Øn\p \∑-bp-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ AktXym- ] - t Ziw sIm≠v \mita D≠mhq.
\nßƒ°v [\w aXn-sb-¶n¬ ]Wn-sNbvtXm
hym]mcw sNbvtXm [\w kºm-Zn-®p-IqtS?
a:˛ AXn\p ]cn-{i-an-°W
- w. \jvSw hcnIbpw
-sN-øpw. CXn¬ Rßƒ°v \jvSw hcp-Itb
C√. kZm- em`w Xs∂ em`w. Xpf-kn-bn-e-bn´v
Xo¿∞w \evIpw. ame sIń-s°m-Sp-°pw. injy\m- b n- ° - g n- ™ m¬ P∑w apgp- h ≥ arK- t Øt∏mse ]Wn-sb-Sp°pw. \S-°m-\m-{K-ln-°pw-]Sn
\S-°mw.
Pn:˛ Ch¿ \nßƒ°n-{Xbpw [\w Xcp-∂sX-¥n-\m-Wv?
a:˛ [¿aw, kz¿Kw, ap‡n F∂n-h-bv°v.
Pn:˛ \nßtfm ap‡-c-√. ap‡n-sb-s¥-∂-dnhn√. ap‡n km[-\-ß-sf-s¥∂pw Adn-hn-√.
]ns∂ \nß- f psS injy- ∑ m¿s°¥p In´m\mWv?
a:˛ Cu temI-Øn¬ In´ptam Ft∂m? C√.
-]-ctemI-Øn¬ In´pw. Rßƒ°p Xcp-∂-Xn-\\p-k-cn®pw kev°-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\-\p-k-cn®pw ]ctem-IØv In´pw.
Pn:˛ -X-cp-∂-h¿s°¥pw e`n-°s´. hmßp∂
\nßƒ°v \c-I-at√ In´q?
a:- Rßƒ \nXyhpw `Pn-°p-∂p. `Pn-∏n-°p∂p. CXns‚ kpJw Rßƒ°p In´pw.
Pn:-˛ \nß-fpsS `P\w Xpń-\p-th-≠n-bmWv.
CsX√mw Chn-S-Øs∂ InS°pw. Cu Xo‰n-t∏m‰p∂ ico-chpw `kv-a-ambn ChnsS InS-°pw.
Cuizc `P\w sNbvXm¬ Bfl-ip-≤n-sb¶nepw In´pw.
a:˛ Rßƒ Aip-≤-cmtWm?
Pn:˛ AIw apgp-h≥ aen-\-am-Wv.
a:-˛ \nß-sf-ßs\ Adn™p?
Pn:˛ \nß-fpsS \S∏pw {]hr-Øn-bpw-sIm-≠v.
a:-˛ alm-flm-°-fpsS {]hrØn B\-∏-√p-t]mse-bmWv. B\bv°v Xn∂m\pw. shfn-bn¬
ImWn-°m\pw sht∆sd Z¥-ß-fp-≈-Xp-t]mse,
B¥-cn-I-ambn Rßƒ ]hn-{X-cm-Wv. ]pd-ta-bp≈Xv eoeam-{Xw.
Pn:˛ A-Ita ip≤-cm-sW-¶n¬ ]pd-tabpw
ip≤-cm-bn-cn-°pw. AXn-\m¬ \nßƒ AI-tabpw
aen-\-cm-Wv.
a:-˛ Rß-sf-ß-t\-bp-am-Is´, Rß-fpsS
injy-∑m¿ \√-h-cm-Wv.
Pn:˛ \nßƒ Kpcp-°-∑m¿°p tN¿∂-h-Æ-amhpw, injy-∑m-cpw.
299
221. kXy-bp-K-Øn¬ [¿a-Øn\p {][m-\-Xbpw Ien-bp-KØn¬ A[¿a-Øn\v {]m[m-\yhpw ]ucm-Wn-I¿
AwKo-Ic
- n-°p-∂p. sFX-tcb {_m“-WØ
- n¬ ""Ienxi- b mt\m `hXn kwPn- l m- \ kvXp Zzm]cx
DØnjvT≥ t{XXm `hXn IrXw kw]-ZytX Nc≥''
Dd-°-Imc≥ Ien DW¿∂p InS-°p-∂Xv Zzm]-c≥.
DW¿∂p \nev°p-∂Xv t{XXm. KXn-io-e≥ IrX-bpKw
F∂p-]-d-bp-∂p. a\p-jy-cpsS Ah-ÿ-bm-Wn-Xv. I¿aio-e-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv IrX-bpKw Ae-kX Ien-bpw.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
a:˛ Hcp aXw am{Xw Hcn- ° epw D≠mhpIbn√. Fs¥-∂m¬ a\p-jy-cpsS a\p-jy-cpsS
KpW-I¿a kz`m-h-ßƒ `n∂-am-Wv.
Pn:˛ _meym-h-ÿ-bn¬ Htc-Xcw in£Ww
\evIp-Ibpw kXy-`m-j-WmZn [¿Ω-ßƒ {Kln°bpw anYym `mj-WmZn A[¿a-ßƒ XyPn°bpw sNbvXm¬ GI-a-X-am-Ip-sa∂p \n›-bw.
c≠p- a X- ß ƒ AXm- b Xv [- ¿ amXvam°ƒ
A[¿am-flm-°ƒ F∂n-h¿ F∂p ap≠m-bn-cp∂p. F∂pw - D - ≠ m- b n- c n- ° p- I bpw sNøpw.
F∂m¬ [¿am-flm-°ƒ A[n-Ihpw A[¿an-Iƒ
Ipdhpw BsW-¶n¬ temI-Øn¬ kuJyw
h¿≤n- ° pw. A[¿an- I ƒ IqSp- X - e m- b m¬
ZpxJhpw. F√m hnZzm-∑mcpw Htc coXn-bn-ep-]tZ- i n- ® m¬ GI- a - X - s a- ∂ Xp k^- e - a m- I m≥
henb hnfw-_w hcn-I-bn-√.
Ien-bpKw
aX-°m¿:-˛ C°mew Ien-bp-K-am-Wv. kXybp-K-Øne Imcyw F¥n\p ]d-bp∂p?
Pn⁄mkp:˛ Ien-bpKw Ime-hm-Nn-bmWv.
Imew \njv{In-b-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v [¿am-[¿a-ßfm-N-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ km[-Itam _m[-Itam A√.
]t£ \nßƒ Ien-bp-K-aq¿Øn-I-fpsS 221 cq]w
[cn-®n-cn-°b
- t√? a\p-jy≥ kzbw kXy-bp-Khpw
Ien-bp-Khpw BIm-Xn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ temI-Øn¬
[¿am-flm-°tfm A[¿an-Itfm -D≠mhp-I-bn-√mbn- c p- ∂ p. CsX- √ mw kwk¿K KpWtam
tZmjtam BWv. kz`m-hn-I-a-√.
C{Xbpw ]d-™n´v Pn⁄mkp B]vXs‚
ASp-Øp-t]mbn. Xm¶ƒ Fs∂ D≤-cn-®p. A√mbn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Rm\pw GsX-¶nepw he-bn¬
s]´v XI¿∂p t]mtbs\. taem¬ Rm≥ Cu
I]- S - a q¿Øn- I tf JWv U n- ° p- I bpw thtZm‡amb kXy-aX
- Ø
- ns‚ aWvU\w sNøp-Ibpw
sNømw.
B]vX≥:- kXy-Øns‚ a◊-U-\hpw AkXy-Øns‚ JWvU-\hpw sNbvXv, ]Tn-∏n®pw
tIƒ∏n®pw ktXym- ] - t Z- i - Ø m¬ D]- I mcw
222. [cvamcvYI
- m-atam-£mWmw bsskytImf]n \ hnZytX,
AP-Kf kvX\-tkyh Xky-P∑ \nccvY-Iav (Nm-WIy-\oXn 13.10)
223. ]Øp-Xcw k\ym-kn-Iƒ Xo¿Y, B{i-an, kc-kz-Xo,
]pco, `mc-Xo-h-\w, Ac-Wyw, Kncn, ]¿h-Xw, kmKcw
sNtø-≠Xv F√m a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw hnti-jn®v
hnZzm-∑m-cp-sSbpw kw\ym-kn-am-cp-sS-bpw I¿Øhy-am-Wv.
{_“-Nm-cn-Ifpw kw\ym-kn-amcpw
tNmZyw:˛ {_“-Nm-cn-Ifpw, kw\ym-kn-amcpw
F{]-Im-c-ap≠v?
DØcw:˛ Cu B{i- b - ß ƒ icn- b m- W v .
F∂m¬ C°m-eØv Ch-bnepw henb Ipg-∏ßfp-≠v. F{Xtbm t]¿ {_“-Nm-cn-sb∂v t]cn´v
PSbpw apSn-bpw hf¿Øn kn≤-cmbn P]hpw
]pc-›-c-W-hpambn Ign-bp-∂p. hnZym-`ymkw
sNøp-Itbbn√.hnZym-`ymkw sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠mWv {_“-Nm-cnXzw e`n-°p-∂X
- v. {_“-Øn¬˛-th-Z-Øn¬˛N-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬˛]-Tn-°p-∂-Xn¬ Hcp
]cn-{i-ahpw sNøp-∂n-√. AØcw {_“-Nm-cnIƒ AP-K-f-kvX-\w-t]mse 222 {]tbm-P-\-c-lnX-cmWv. AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂-bmWv hnZym-lo-\cmb kw\ym-kn-Iƒ. ZWvUpw Ia-WvU-ephpw
FSpØv `n£mw-tZ-ln-I-fmbn Np‰p-I-b-√msX
thZ-am¿K-Øns‚ D∂-Xn-°p-th≠n H∂pw sNøp-Ibn-√. sNdp-∏-Øn¬Xs∂ kw\ym-k-sa-SpØv
\mSp- N p- ‰ pw. hnZym- ` ymkw \n¿Øn°- f bpw.
CØcw {_“- N m- c n- I fpw kw\ym- k n- a mcpw
Aßp-anßpw \S∂v ÿe-Xo¿∞-in-em-hn-{K-lmZn-Iƒ ]qPn-°bpw, Adn-hp-≠m-bmepw au\n-Ifmbn \S-°p-Ibpw, GIm-¥-hm-kw sNbvXv
CjvSwt]mse Xn∂pw IpSn®pw Cu¿jym-tZzj-ß-fn¬ apgpIn Dd-ßnbpw, IptN-jvS-Iƒ
Imńbpw \mƒ \o-°p-∂p. Imjm-bhpw ZWvUpw[cn®XpsIm≠v kzbw IrX- I r- X y- c mbn,
k¿thm- X v I r- j v S - s c∂p \Sn®v bmsXmcp
kXvI¿ahpw sNømsX \S-°p∂ {_“-Nm-cnIfpw kw\ym-kn-Ifpw `qanbv°p `mcwXs∂-bmWv. PK-Øns‚ \∑-bv°mbn {]h¿Øn-°p∂
kw\ym-kn-am¿ DØ-a-∑m¿ Xs∂.
tNmZyw:˛ Kncn, ]pcn, `mcXn apX- e mb
tKmkm-bn-Iƒ \√-h-ct√? Ah¿ Iq´w-tN¿∂v
\S-°p-Ibpw, \q‰p-I-W-°n\p kw\ym-kn-Isf
B\-µn-∏n-°p-Ibpw AssZz-X-{]-Nmcw \S-ØpIbpw sNøp-∂p. Hs´ms° ]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂pap≠v. AXn-\m¬ Ah¿
\√-h-ct√?
DØcw:-˛ Cu ]Øp-t]-cp-Ifpw 223 ]n∂oSv
`mh-\-bn¬ \n∂p-≠m-°n-b-Xm-Wv. k\m-X-\-a√
300
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Ah-cpsS aWvU-e-ßƒ (Iq-´w) shdpw `£WØn\p-th-≠n-bp-≈-Xm-Wv. hf-sc-t∏cpw `£W-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv aWvUe
- Ø
- n-epƒs∏-Sp-∂Xv. Uw`p-≈-h-cm-b-Xn-\m¬ Hcm-fns\ al-¥m°p-∂p. k‘y°v {][m-\n-bmb al¥v knwlmk-\-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂p. a‰p≈ {_m“-W-∑mcpw
kw\ym-kn-Ifpw ssII-fn¬ ]pjv]h
- p-ambn \n∂v
""\mcm-bWw ]Zva-`hw hknjvTw i‡nwN
XXv]p-{X-]c
- m-ic
- wN hymkw ipIw - KuU-]Zw
alm¥'' sa∂pw a‰pw sNm√n ""lclc'' hnfn®v
]pjv ] - a n´v kmjv S mwKw \akv I - c n- ° p- ∂ p.
Aßs\ sNøm-Ø-h¿°v AhnsS ÿm\-an-√.
Cu Uw`p Im´p-∂-Xv {]Z¿i-\-Øn-\m-Wv. CXpsIm≠v Bfp-I-ƒ _lpam\n-°p-Ibpw [\w In´p-Ibpw thWw.
F{Xtbm aTm-[n-]-∑m¿ Krl-ÿ-Øn-en-cp∂v
kw\ym-kn-I-fm-sW∂p \Sn-°p-∂p. Hcp {]hrØnbpw sNøp-I-bn-√. kw\ym-kn-bpsS I¿Ω-ßsf-∏‰n A©mw kap-√m-k-Øn¬ hnh-cn®n´p-≠v.
Ah sNømsX shdptX kabw ]mgm-°p-∂p.
kZp-]-tZiw sNøp-∂-h-tcmSpw hntcm[w {]ISn-∏n-°p-∂p. Ch¿ an°-hcpw `kva-cp{Zm£-ßƒ
[cn-°p-Ibpw Nn-e¿ ssih-cm-sW∂v A`n-am\n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
imkv { Xm¿∞w (im- k v { Xo- b - h m- Z - { ]- X n- h mZw)\S-Øp-tºmƒ im¶-c-a-XsØ A\p-Iq-en-°pIbpw N{Im-¶n-XmZn aX-ßsf JWvUn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p. thZ-am¿K-Øns‚ -D-∂-Xn°p bXv\n°p-Itbm A\m-Nm-c-ßsf FXn¿°p-∂-Xn\p
{ian-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂n-√. Cu kw\ym-kn-am¿,
JWvU\-a-WvU-\-ßƒ {]tbm-P-\-{]-Z-a-s√∂p
Icp-Xp-∂p. Rßƒ alm-flm-°-fm-Wv F∂mWv
`mhw. CØ-c-°mcpw `qan°p `mc-am-Wv. Cu
ÿnXn h∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv thZ-am¿§-hn-tcm-[nI- f mb hma- a m¿KmZn k{º- Z m- b - ß fpw
{InkvXy≥, ap…ow, ssP\m-Zn-Ifpw h¿≤n®Xpw
h¿≤n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw, thZ-am¿Kw \in°p-∂-Xpw. F∂n´pw Ch-cpsS IÆp Xpd-°p-∂n224. thZm-Zn-I-f-`y-kn-°p-∂Xp \n∂-t∏mƒ kn≤m-¥⁄m\w C√m-Xm-bn. kn≤m-¥-⁄m\w C√m-Xm-bt∏mƒ kXym-k-Xy-ßƒ \n¿W-bn-°m≥ Ign-hn√msX GX-kw-_-‘hpw icn-h-bv°m≥ \n¿_-‘nX-cm-bn. Iui-e-°m¿°v Iim-em-bn. Cu Zpc-hÿ
am‰p-hm≥ bXv \ n-t °-≠ -h ¿Xs∂ A‘- ] - c- º - cIƒ°v A‘-X-bn-te°v hgn Im´p∂p F∂p Xmev]cyw.
√. ]tcm-]I
- mc _p≤nbpw, I¿Øhy I¿Ω-ßƒ
sNøp-∂-Xn\v D’m-l-hp-an-√m-sX-ßs\ Xpd-°phm-\m-Wv? Bƒ°m-cqsS _lp-am\w, `£-W{]nbw F∂n-h-bmWv Ch¿°p-h-ep-Xv. temI-\nµsb Ch¿ hfsc `b-s∏-Sp-∂p. temssI-jW=
P\-ß-fpsS BZ-chv B{K-ln-°p-I, hnssØjW = [\-Øn-\m-{K-ln-°p-I. ]pss{X-jW =
]p{X-∑m-cn-se-∂-hÆw injy-∑m-cn¬ taml-ap≠m-Ip-I. F∂o aq∂p GjW (B-{K-lw)bpw
XyPn- ° msX Fß- s \- b mWv kw\ymkw
km¿∞-I-am-Ip-∂Xv? ]£-]m-X-an-√msX thtZm]-tZiw sNbvXv temtIm-]-Im-c-Øn-\p-th≠n
cm]- I ¬ ZØ- { i- ≤ - c m- b n- c n- ° p- ∂ - h - c t{X
bYm¿∞ kw\ym-kn-Iƒ. Ah-\-hs‚ IS-a-Iƒ
\nd-th-‰msX kw\ym-kn-sb∂p a‰pw t]cv [cn°p-∂Xv hy¿∞-am-Wv. AYhm Krl-ÿ-∑m¿
kzm¿∞-kn-≤n-°p-th≠n ]cn-{i-an-°p-∂-Xnepw
A[nIw Xmev]c
- y-tØmsS kw\ym-kn-am¿ ]tcm]-Imc \nc-X-cm-bn-cp-∂mepw F√m B{i-a-ßfpw
A`n-hr-≤nsb {]m]n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
kw\ym-kn-am-tcmSv
t\m°q! \nß-fpsS Iäp-ºn-et√ A\mNmcPSn-ea
- mb aX-ßƒ s]cp-Ip-∂Xv? At\-I¿
{InkvXym-\n-Ifpw apk-¬am-∑m-cp-am-Ip-∂p-≠v.
\nßƒ°v kzbw c£n-°p-∂X
- nt\m, a‰p-≈h
- sc
Iq´-Øn¬ tN¿°p-∂-Xnt\m Ign-hn-√. B{K-lns®¶net√ Ign- h p- ≠ mhq? C∂pw `mhn- I meØpw D∂-Xnsb em°m-°n {]h¿Øn-°m-Xncp- ∂ m¬ Bcym- h ¿Ø- Ø n\pw CX- c - t Z- i ßƒ°pw A`n-hr-≤n-bp-≠m-Ib
- n-√. A`n-hr-≤n°p
\nZm-\-amb thZ-im-kv{Xm-Zn-I-fpsS ]T-\hpw
]mT-\hpw, {_“-N-cymZn B{i-a-ß-fpsS A\pjvTm-\hpw ktXym-]-tZ-ihpw sNømsX tZiØn\v Db¿® D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. 224 Pm{K-X-bmbn-cn-°p-I. At\Iw k\ym-kn-am¿ I≈-°-®-hS-°m-sct∏mse ]p{XZm\w sNøm≥ kn≤n-bps≠∂pw a‰pw ]d™v Bfp-Isf hniz-kn-∏n°p-∂p. Ah-cpsS ASpØv At\Iw kv{XoIƒ
HØp- I qSn sXmgp- X v ]p{X- e m- ` - a p- ≠ m- I m≥
{]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. kw\ymkn ]p{X-em-`-ap-≠mIs´ F∂v Bin¿h- Z n- ° p- ∂ p. Ah- c nem¿°m\pw ]p{X-\p-≠m-bm¬ Bio¿hm-ZØns‚ i‡n-\n-an-Ø-am-WsX∂v hniz-kn-°p∂p. ]∂n-°pw, ]ń°pw Igp-Xbv°pw ]nS-t°mgn°pw a‰pw Ip™p-Ip-ń-I-fp-≠m-Ip-∂Xv GXp
301
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
kw\ymkn Bin¿h-Zn-®n-´m-sW∂v tNmZn-®m¬
DØcw ap´pw. Poh≥ \evIm≥ Ign-hp-≈-h¿
kzbw acn-°p-∂-sX-ßs\?
ambm-Pmew cNn®v _p≤n-am-∑m-sc-t∏mepw
shń¬ hogvØp∂ t]m°n-cn-I-fp-≠v. [\-km-cnbnse Ih¿®-°m¿ DZm-l-c-Ww. Ah¿ At©m
Gtgm t]¿tN¿∂v kwL-ambn Zqc-ÿ-e-ß-fnse-Øp-∂p. Ah-cn¬ BI¿j-Wo-b-X-bp≈
Bfns\ kn≤-\m-°p-∂p. [\m-Vy-cp≈ GsX¶nepw {Kma-Øn-s‚tbm ]´-W-Øn-s‚tbm kao]-ap≈ hnP-\-ÿ-eØv Xmh-f-a-Sn-°p-∂p. ChcpsS Z√m-f-∑m¿ Bfp-Isf kao-]n®v ""C∂
kn≤s\ Chn-sS-ßm\pw It≠m?'' F∂p tNmZn°pw. GXp kn≤≥? Fßs\bp≈ kn≤≥?
F∂pw a‰pw Bfp-Iƒ tNmZn-°p-tºmƒ Z√mƒ
]dbpw:˛ ""alm-kn-≤-]p-cpj-\mWv. a\-kn¬
ImWp-∂Xp Ctßm´p tNmZn-°pw. hmsIm≠p
]d-™m¬ Imcyw \S-∂-Xp-Xs∂''. ""alm-tbmKn-bmWv H∂p Is≠-Øm≥ \mSpw hoSpw hn´v
Cd- ß n- Ø n- c n- ® - X mWv Rßƒ. Ctßm´p
t]m∂n-´p-s≠∂p tI´p.'' Bfp-Iƒ ]dbpw:-˛
""kn≤s\ Is≠-Ønbm¬ Rß-sfbpw Adnbn-°-Ww. Z¿i\w Ign-°mw. ]eXpw tNmZn®dnbmat√m''? Cßs\ Ahn-sS√mw \S∂v {]N-cWw
\S-Øpw. Hmtcm-cp-Ø-tcm-Spw kn≤s‚ Imcyw
]d-bpw.- k‘ybv°v kn≤\pw Z√m-f∑
- mcpw HØpIqSpw. Xn∂p IpSn®v Dd-ßpw. aq∂p \mep
Znhkw Cu ]cn-]mSn XpScpw. ]n∂o-Sv GsX¶nepw [\mVys\ kao-]n®v ""kn≤s\ I≠p.
\nßƒ°v ImW-sa-¶n¬ hcq.'' F∂p £Wn°pw. ]pd-s∏-Sp∂p F∂p I≠m¬ X{¥-]q¿∆w
F¥m-W-`n-em-j-sa∂p tNmZn-°pw. ]p{X-em-`w,
[\-em-`w, tcmK-\n-hm-c-Ww, i{Xp-\miw F∂nßs\ GsX-¶nepw H∂m-bn-cn-°pw. AX-dn-™psh-bv°pw. CXv kn≤s\ Adn-bn-°p-∂Xv Nne
\n›nX AS-bm-f-ßƒ sIm≠m-Wv. [t\—-bp≈-hsc CS-Xp-h-iØpw, ]p{X-em`w C—n-°p-∂hsc ap≥h-i-Øpw, tcmK-im¥n th≠-hsc heXp-h-i-Øpw, i{Xp-\miw B{K-ln-°p-∂-hsc
]n≥`m-KØpw sIm≠p-sN-∂n-cp-Øpw. kn≤s\
\a-kvI-cn-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ Xs‚ kn≤Xzw
shfn- h m- ° n- s °m≠v D®- Ø n¬ ]d- b pw:- ˛
""F¥m? \mw ChnsS ]p{Xs\ h®n-cn-°pt∂m?
\o ]p{X-\p-th≠n h∂n-cn-°p-∂X
- psIm≠v tNmZn®-XmWv.'' CXp-t]mse [t\-—-bp-≈-h-t\mSv
""F¥m \mw aSn-»oe \nd®v h®n-cn-°pt∂m?
]W-Øn\p h∂n-cn-°p∂p! kw\ym-kn-bpsS
]°¬ [\w Fhn-sS-\n∂p hcpw''. tcmKn-tbmSp
tNmZn°pw ˛ ""\mw sshZyt\m tl! \o Zo\w
am‰m≥ Ctßmt´m? GsX-¶nepw sshZy-cpsS
ASp-Øp-sN√v?'' Abm-fpsS _‘p°-fn¬ s]´h- c m- s c- ¶ n- e p- a mWv tcmKn- s b- ¶ n¬ AXn\v
{]tXy-Iw AS-bmfw D≠mIpw. A—-\mWv tcmKsa- ¶ n¬ s]cp- h n- c epw, AΩ- b v ° m- s W- ¶ n¬
Nq≠p-hn-cepw, ktlm-Z-c-\m-sW-¶n-¬ \Sp-hn-cepw, `mcy-°m-sW-¶n¬ tamXn-c-hn-c-epw, Ip™pßƒ°m-sW-¶n¬ sNdp-hn-ce
- pw. A\-°n-°m-´pw.
AXp- I ≠v kn≤≥, A—t\m AΩbv t °m
ktlm-Z-ct\m `mcy-bvt°m, ]p{Xnbvt°m tcmKamWv At√? F∂p tNmZn-°pw. At∏mƒ Ahsc√mw kn≤-\n¬ AXn-bmbn hniz-kn-°pw. Z√mf-∑m¿ ]dbpw ˛ ""Fß-s\-bn-cn-°p∂p? \mw ]d™-Xp-t]mse Xs∂-bt√?''
Krl-ÿ≥:˛ AtX-btX, \nßƒ ]d-™-Xpt]mse Xs∂. henb D]-Im-cw. \ΩpsS `mKyØn-\mWv Cu alm-flm-hns\ I≠-Xv. Rßƒ
Z¿i\w Ign®v IrXm¿∞-cm-bn.
Z√mƒ:˛ tIƒ°q ktlm-Zcm! Cu alm-flmhv
a\- n\\p-k-cn®v {]h¿Øn-°pw. ChnsS A[nI-\mƒ Xßp-sa∂p tXm∂p-∂n-√-. Bio¿hmZtam at‰m hmß-W-sa-¶n¬ Ct±-lsØ a\ p-sIm≠pw ico-cw-sIm≠pw [\w-sIm≠pw
th≠-hÆw tkhn-°p-I. tkh-\w-sIm-≠t√
tkh\w e`n°q? Btcm-SmWv {]km-Zn-°p-Isb∂v B¿°-dn-bmw. F¥p hchpw \evIn-°-fbpw˛ {]km-Zn-®m¬. kn≤-∑m-cpsS a\- -]m-cwX-s∂.'' CØcw kvXpXn-h-N-\-ßƒ tIƒ°ptºmƒ kn≤s\ kvXpXn-®p-sIm≠v Krl-ÿ∑m¿ hoń-te°v t]mIpw Z√m-f-∑mcpw IqsS-s®√pw. Bcpw ]q®p ]pd-Øm-°m-Xn-cn-°m-\mWv
CXv . Ah- c psS an{X- ß - s f- b m- s c- s b- ¶ nepw
I≠m¬ Ah-tcmSpw kn≤-s\-∏‰n {]iw-kn°pw. Cßs\ Z√m--f-∑m-cpsS IqsS-t∏m-Ip-∂hcpw Ah-cpsS A\p-`-h-ßƒ a‰p-≈-h-tcmSp
]dbpw C∂-bn-SØv Hcp h-enb kn≤≥ h∂n´p-s≠∂v \K-c-Øn¬ ]m´m-Ip-tºmƒ Ht´sdbmfp- I ƒ D’- h - ÿ - e - s Ø- Ø p- ∂ - X p- t ]mse
AhnsS ]ms™-Øp-I-bm-bn. Xnc°p h¿≤n®v
302
225. hr≤-Nm-W-Iy≥ 11,12.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
]ecpw Htc kabw kn≤s‚ ASp-- Ø psN√ptºmƒ ]g-b-]Sn DØcw \evIm≥ hnjan- ° pw. At∏mƒ kn≤≥ ""F√m- h - c pw- I qSn
Fs∂ D]-{Z-hn-°-cpXv'' F∂p ]d™v au\w
`Pn-°pw. DSs\ Z-√mf∑m¿ ""F√m-h-cpw-IqSn D]{Z-hn-®m¬ At±lw ÿew hn´p-t]m-Ipw.'' F∂pw
a‰pw ]d-bp-hm≥ XpS-ßp-∂p. Ah-cn¬s∏´
henb [\-hm∑m¿ Z√m-f-∑msc hnfn®v, RßfpsS a\- n-ep≈ Imcyw ]d-bp-sa-¶n¬ hnizkn-°m-sa∂p ]d-bpw. At∏mƒ Z√m-f-∑m¿ - tNmZn-®d
- n™v Ahsc sIm≠p-t]mbn apºp ]d™
\n¿±njvS ÿm\-ß-fn¬ Ccp-Øpw. kn≤≥
Imcyw a\- n-em°n {]h-N\w \S-Øpw. AXptI´v AhnsS IqSn-bn-cn-°p-∂-hcpw kn≤s\
{]Io¿Øn-°p-I-bm-bn. ]gw, a[p-c-]-e-lmcw,
hkv{Xw, ]Ww F∂n-ßs\ hnhn[ km[-\ßƒ Bfp-I-fn¬\n∂p ssI°-em-°p-∂p. BfpI-fpsS hnizmkw \ne-\n-ev°p-thmfw CXp XpScp-∂p. IÆp-]q-ń hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v ]p{X-Zm\hpw `kvaw \evIepw a‰pw XpS-cpw. Bbn-c-°W-°n\v cq] hmßn-bn´v ]dbpw ""kXy-amb
`‡nbpt≠m, -]p-{X≥ P\n-°pw.'"
c£m-am¿Kw
Cßs\ sIm≈-°m¿ \nc-h[n Xc-Øn-ep≠v. hnZzm≥am¿°-√msX a‰m¿°pw Chsc ]co£n-®-dn-bm≥ Bhp-I-bn√. thZm-Zn-hn-Zy-Iƒ ]Tn°p-Ibpw k’wKw sNøp-Ibpw -sN-bvXm¬
am{Xta kzbw h-e-bn¬ hogm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pw
A\ysc c£n-°p-∂-Xn\pw Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q.
Fs¥-∂m¬ Adn-hmWv a\p-jys‚ IÆv. hnZybn-√msX Adn-hp-≠m-Ib
- n-√. _meym-hÿ
- a
- p-X¬
DØ-a-amb in£Ww e`n-°p-∂-bmƒ am{Xta
hnZzm- \ m- h q. NoØ- I q- ´ p- s I- ´ n¬ s]Sp- ∂ - h ¿
ZpjvS\pw , ]m]n-bpw, alm-aq-V\p-ambn henb
226. kzmbw-`q-h-a-\p-hns‚ ]p{X≥ C£zmI apX¬ `mc-Xbp-≤I
- mew hsc GI-tZiw 100 Xe-ap-db
- p-≠.v kwkvIrX-hym-Ic
- W \nb-a{- ]-Imcw ]nXr-\m-aØ
- n¬\n∂v ]p{X]u-{X-∑m-cpsS t]cv ]d-bp∂ {]Xy-bß
- ƒ \nanØw
Cu ]c-ºc
- b
- psS {Iaw aq∂p-\mep ÿe-ßf
- n-semgnsI Fßpw sX‰n-sb∂p ]d-bpI Akm-[y-am-Wv.
AXn-\m¬ `mc-Xob Ncn-{X-Øns‚ Ime-KW
- \
- b
- n¬
hnti-jm¬ Kth,Ww \S-t°-≠X
- m-W.v
227. G.-Un. 1724-˛25, 1881-˛82 F∂n-hb
- mWv ]cm-a¿in-Xa
- mb
hn{I-am-_Zv ß
- ƒ. am¿K-io¿jw ˛ P\p-hcn s^{_p-hc
- n.
228. CXv ]co-£n-Øns‚ Bbp-jvIm-e-amWv `cn-®Xv 24
h¿j-am-sW∂v ]WvUnØv `K-h-±-Øv.
- Z pxJß- f p- ` - h n- ° p- ∂ p. AXp- s Im- ≠ mWv ""⁄m\nbt{X _lp-am-\y≥'' F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xpw.
\thØn tbm bky KpW-{]-Icvjw, kXky-\nµmw kXXw ItcmXn bYm IncmXo IcnIpw-`-PmXm ap‡mx ]cn- X yPy _n`cv X n
KpRvPmx 225
Fs∂mcp Ihn ]mSn-bn-´p-≠v. Hcp-hs‚ KpWßƒ Adn-bm-Ø-h≥, Ahs\ \nc-¥cw \nµn°p-∂p. Im´m-f-Øn, B\-bpsS akvX-I-Ønse
apØp-I-fp-t]-£n®v Ip∂n-°p-cp-ame [cn-°p-∂Xp-t]mse, hnZzm\pw ⁄m\nbpw [¿an-jvT\pw
kXv]p-cpj kwK-ap-≈-h\pw, tbmKnbpw ]pcpjm¿∞nbpw, PntX-{µnb\pw, kpio-e-\p-amb
Bƒ am{Xta [¿am¿Y Ima-tam-£-ßƒ {]m]n®v Cu P∑-Ønepw ]c-P-∑-Ønepw B\-µn°pI-bp-≈q.
D]kwlmcw
Bcym-h¿Ø-Ønse aX-aXm¥-c-ß-sf-∏‰n
Npcp°n ]d™p Ign-™p. C\n-sb-gp-Xp∂
Acym-h¿Øob cmPm-°-∑m-cpsS Ncn{Xw F√m
k÷-\-ß-fp-sSbpw Adn-hn-\mbn {]Im-in-∏n-°pI-bm-Wv. bp[n-jvTnc alm-cm-PmhpapX¬ bi]m-e-a-lm-cm-Pm-hp-h-sc-bp≈ Acym-h¿Øob
cmPm-°-∑m-cpsS Ncn-{X-am-Wn-Xn-ep-≈Xv. kzmbw
`ph a\p 226 apX¬ bp[n-jvTnc alm-cm-Pmhp
hc-bp≈hcpsS Ncn{Xw alm-`m-c-Xm-Zn-I-fn¬
Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. IqSmsX C\n ]d-bp-∂-Xn¬
\n∂v k÷-\-ßƒ°v Chn-SsØ Ncn-{X-ß-sf∏‰n H´v Adn-bm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xm-Wv.
Cu hnjbw cmP-]p-´m-W-bn¬ tahm¿ cmPyØnse DZ-b-∏q-cn-ep≈ NntØm¿K-Vn¬\n∂p
]pd-s∏-ń-cp-∂-sX∂v F√m-h¿°p adn-bm-hp∂
"hnZym¿∞n' IqSn-t®¿∂ "lcn-›-{µ-N-{µnI',
"taml\N{µnI' F∂o ]m£nI ]{Xn-I-I-fn¬
{]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v D≤-cn-°p∂-Xm-Wv. CXp-t]mse \ΩpsS Bcy-k-÷-\ßƒ, Ncn-{Xhpw CXc hnZym-{K-Ÿ-ßfpw KthjWw sNbvXp Is≠Øn {]Im-in-∏n-®m¬ tZiØn\p henb {]tbm-P-\-ap-≠m-Ipw. B ]{XnI-bpsS ]{Xm-[n-]¿ Xs‚ kvt\ln-X-\n¬\n∂p
e`n®Xpw hn{I-am_vZw 1782¬ 227 Fgp-Xn-b-Xpamb Hcp {KŸ-Øn¬\n∂p kam-l-cn®v hn{Iam_vZw 1939¬ am¿K-io¿j-Ønse c≠p e°-
303
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
ß-fn-embn {]Im-in-∏n-®-Xp-amWv Cu ]ńI.
Bcym-h¿Ø-Ønse cmP-hw-im-hen
C{µ-{]-ÿ-Øn¬ Bcy-hwiw bi]m-e-cm-Pmhns‚ Imew-hsc cmPyw `cn-®p. AXn¬ {ioa≥
bp[n-jvTnc alm-cm-Pmhp apX¬ bi-]m-e-cm-Pmhp- h sc Xe- a p- d - b mbn 124 cmPm- ° - ∑ m¿4157
h¿jhpw 9 amkhpw 24 Znh-khpw hmsW∂\pam-\n-°mw. AXns‚ ]ń-Ib
- p-[n-jvTnc almcm-Pm-hns‚ hwiw 30 Xe-ap-d, 1770 h¿jw 11
amkw 10 Znhkw F∂v A\p-am-\w. AXns‚
hni-Zmw-iwx
cmPmhv
1 hn{i-hkv
2 ]pc-tk\n
3 hoc-tk\n
4 A\-MvK-imbn
5 lcn-PnXv
6 ]c-a-tk\n
304
h¿jw amkw
Znhkw
1. bp[n-jvTn-c≥
36
8
25
2. ]cn-£nØv
60
0
0 228
3. P\-ta-Pb
- ≥
84
7
23
4. Aiz-ta-[≥
82
8
22
5. ZznXo-b-cm-a≥
88
2
8
6. O{X-ae
- ≥
81
11
27
7. Nn{X-cY
- ≥
75
3
18
8. ZpjvS-ssi-ey≥
75
10
24
9. D{K-tk-\≥
78
7
21
10. iqc-tk-\≥
78
7
21
11. `ph-\-]Xn
69
5
5
12. cW-PnXv
65
10
4
13. Ej-I≥
64
7
4
14. kpJ-tZ-h≥
62
0
24
15. \c-lc
- n-tZ-h≥
51
10
2
16. kqNn-c-Y≥
42
11
2
17. iqc-tk-\≥(2)
58
10
8
18. ]¿h-Xt- k-\≥
55
8
10
19. ta[mho
52
10
10
20. tkm\-No-c≥
50
8
21
21. òatZ-h≥
47
9
20
22. \rl-cn-tZ-h≥
45
11
23
23. ]q¿W-ae
- ≥
44
8
7
24. I¿Zho
44
10
8
25. Aew-an-I≥
50
11
8
26. DZ-b-]m-e≥
38
9
0
27. `ph-\-a-e≥
40
10
26
28. Zam-X≥
32
0
0
29. òa-]m-e≥
58
5
8
30. t£a-I≥
48
11
21
t£a-Is‚ {][m-\-a-{¥n-bm-bn-cp∂ hn{i-hkv
t£a-Is\ sIm∂v cmPm-hm-bn. hn{i-h-kns‚ 14
Xe-apd 500 h¿jhpw 3 amkhpw 17 Znh-khpw `cn®-Xns‚ ]ńI:˛
17
42
52
47
35
44
3
8
10
8
9
2
29
21
7
23
17
23
cmPmhv
h¿jw amkw
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Znhkw
amS-ºn-bmb ss]T-W-Ønse kap-{Z-]m-e-tbmKn
h[n®v cmPyw ssIb-S-°n. 16 Xe-ap-d-I-fn¬ 372 h¿jw
4 amkw 27 Znhkw `cn-®p. hnh-cWw:˛
9 kpJ-]m-Xm-f≥
30
2
21
8 I{Zp-X≥
42
9
24
9 k÷≥
32
2
14
10 Aa-c-Nq-U≥
27
3
16
11 Aao-]m-e≥
22
11
25
12 Zi-c-Y≥
25
4
12
13 hoc-km-e≥
31
8
11
14 hoc-km-e-tk-\≥
40
0
14
hoc-km-e-tk-\s‚ {][m-\-a{¥n hoc-a-lkv hockm-e-tk\ cmPm-hns\ h[n®v cmPyw ssI°-em°n. 16 Xe-ap-dI
- f
- mbn 445 h¿jw 5 amkw 3 Znhkw
`cn-®p. AXns‚ ]ńI:˛
1 hoc-a-lkv
35
10
8
2 APn-X-knw-l≥
27
7
19
3 k¿h-Z-Ø≥
28
3
10
4 `ph-\-]Xn
15
4
10
5 hoc-tk-\≥
21
2
13
6 alo-]m-e≥
40
8
7
7 i{Xp-im-e≥
26
4
3
8 kwL-cm-P≥
17
2
10
9 tXP-]m-e≥
28
11
10
10 amWn-Iy-N-{µ≥
37
7
21
11 Ima-tk\n
42
5
10
12 i{Xp-a¿±-\≥
8
11
13
13 Poh-\-tem-I≥
28
9
17
14 lcn-cm-h≥
26
10
29
15 hoc-tk-\≥ (2)
35
2
20
16 BZn-Xy-tIXp
23
11
13
aK-[-bnse BZn-Xy-tIXp cmPm-hns\ {]bm-Kbnse [‘-c≥ F∂ cmPmhv h[n®v cmPy-`-cWw
XpS-ßn. 9 Xe-ap-d-I-fmbn 374 h¿jw 11 amkw 26
Znhkw `cn-®p. AXns‚ hnh-cWw:˛
1 [‘-c≥
42
7
24
2 al¿jn
41
2
29
3 k\-c®o
50
10
19
4 alm-bp-≤≥
30
3
8
5 Zpc-\m-Y≥
28
5
25
6 Poh-\-cm-P≥
45
2
5
7 cp{Z-tk-\≥
47
4
28
8 Bco-e-I≥
52
10
8
9 cmP-]m-e≥
36
0
0
cmP-]m-es\ kma-¥-\mb alm≥]m-e≥ h[n®v
Hcp Xe-ap-db
- n¬ 14 h¿jw am{Xw `cn-®p. alm≥]mes\ Ah-¥n-I-bnse (D-ss÷-\n) hn{I-am-Zn-Xycm-Pmhv A{I-an®p h[n®v 1 Xe-ap-d-bn¬ 39 h¿jw
am{Xw `cn-®p. hn{I-am-Zn-Xys\ imen-hm-l\
- s‚ Hcp
cmPmhv
h¿jw amkw
Znhkw
1 kap-{Z-]m-e≥
54
2
20
2 N{µ-]m-e≥
36
5
4
3 klm-b-]m-e≥
11
4
11
4 tZh-]m-e≥
27
1
28
5 \c-knw-l-]m-e≥
18
0
20
6 kma-]m-e≥
27
1
17
7 cLp-]m-e≥
22
3
25
8 tKmhn-µ]
- m-e≥
27
1
17
9 Aar-X-]m-e≥
36
10
13
10 _eo-]m-e≥
12
5
27
11 alo-]m-e≥
13
8
4
12 lco-]m-e≥
14
8
4
13 kok-]m-e≥
11
10
13
14 aZ-\-]m-e≥
17
10
19
15 I¿a-]m-e≥
16
2
2
16 hn{I-a-]m-e≥
24
11
13
hn{I-a]
- m-ec
- m-Pmhv ]›n-at- Z-iØ
- nse aep-JvNµv
t_m{lm F∂ cmPm-hns\ B{I-an®p bp≤-Øn¬
aep-JvN-µv, hn{I-a-]m-es\ h[n®v C{µ-{]-ÿØnse cmPm-hm-bn. 10 Xe-ap-d-I-fn¬ 191 h¿jhpw
1 amkhpw 16 Znh-khpw `cn-®p. CXns‚ hni-Zmwi-ßƒ:˛
1 aep-JvNµv
54
2
10
2 hn{I-a-Nµv
12
7
12
3 Aao≥Nµv
10
0
5
4 cma-Nµv
13
11
8
5 lco-Nµv
14
9
24
6 I√ym-W-Nµv
10
5
4
7 òa-Nµv
16
2
9
8 temh-Nµv
26
3
22
9 tKmhn-µ-Nµv
31
7
12
10 dmWn ]flm-hXn
1
0
0
dmWn ]flm-hX
- n°v k¥m-\a
- n-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿
acn-®p. At∏mƒ a{¥n-am-sc√mw IqSn-t®¿∂v lcnt{]-a-ssh-cm-Knsb knwlm-k-\m-cq-V-\m-°n-h®v
a{¥n-am¿ `c-W-am-cw-`n-®p. 4 Xe-ap-d-I-fn-embn 50
h¿jhpw 21 Znh-khpw `cn-®p. AXn-ß-s\-bmWv:˛
1 lcn-t{]-a≥
7
5
16
2 tKmhn-µ-t{]-a≥
20
2
8
3 tKm]m-e-t{]-a≥
15
7
28
4 alm-_mlp
6
8
29
alm-_mlp cmPyw XyPn®v X]- p-sN-øm≥ h\Øn¬ t]mbn. CXv _wKm-fnse cmPm-hmb B[otk-\≥ Adn™v C{µ-{]-ÿ-Øn-seØn cmPm-hm-
305
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
229. hn{I-a-]m-es‚ ]q¿hn-I-\mb kap-{Z-]m-e≥, kap-{ZKp-]vX-\m-bn-cp-s∂∂v ]WvUnXv `K-h-±Øv kap-{Z-Kp]vX≥, N{µ-Kp-]vX≥, tZh-Kp-]vX≥ (kvI-µ-Kp-]vX≥)
F∂n- ß s\ ]me≥ F∂n- S Øv "Kp]v X ' ]Zw
tN¿°p∂p. Cuhw-im-hen A\p-k-cn®v kap-{Z-]me≥ B{‘-bnse imenhm-l-\s‚ kma-¥-\m-bn-cp∂p. Kp]vX-∑m¿°v "B{‘-`rXy' sc∂ ]cym-b-\mahpw D≠v.
230. tKmhn-µ-N-µns‚ `mcy
231. Ncn-{X-]p-kvX-I-ß-fn¬ ]rYzn-cm-Pns\ ilm-_p-±o≥
tKmdn ]e-X-hW B{I-an®p ]cm-P-b-s∏´v Xncn®p
t]msb∂pw 1249-˛mw hn{I-am-_vZ-Øn¬, XΩn¬Ø√p-Im-cWw tXm¬]n®v A‘-\m°n sIm≠p-t]msb∂pw tKmdn Zn√n kp¬Øm\m-sb∂pw ImWmw.
apKƒ cmPyw 45 Xe-ap-d-bn¬ 613 h¿jw \ne-\n-∂p.
Cu ASn-°p-dn∏v aqe-{K-Ÿ-Øn-en-√m. 5˛mw ]Xn-∏n¬
]WvUnXv teJvdmw- FgpXn tN¿Ø-Xm-Imw. Cu
]ńI Xs∂bpw al¿jn-bp-sS-X√ F∂v t\csØ
At±lw Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v.
232. ]rYzn-cm-Ps\ Kudn-bmWv tXmev]n-®-sX∂v Ncn-{Xw.
CXv hn{I-am_vZw 1249 (1172 G.-Un.) emWv.
233. ChnsS as‰mcp sX‰p-IqSn {i≤n-t°-≠X
- m-bp-≠v. Ienh-’cw bp[n-jvTn-cs‚ `c-Wm-¥y-Øn¬ {ioIrjvW
kz¿Km-tcm-lW tij-am-W-cw-`n-°p-∂-Xv. hn{Iam_vZw Ien 3044 \p tij-am-W-cw-`n-®-Xv. CXv `mcXob KWn-X-im-kv{-XØn¬ k¿h-k-Ω-X-am-Wv. Ien
3044 t\mSv hn{I-am_vZw 1249 tN¿Øm¬ 4293 h¿jam-Ipw. ]ń-Ib
- psS Bcw-`Ø
- n¬ 124 cmPm-°∑
- m-cpsS
Imew 4157 h¿jw 9 amkw 14 Znhkw F∂p ]d-bp∂p-≠v. Cu 4157 h¿jw 9 amkw 14 Znh-kØ
- n¬\n∂v
bp[n-jvTn-cs‚ `c-W-Im-e-amb 36 h¿jw 8 amkw 25
Znhkw Ipd-®m¬ 4121 h¿jw 19 Znhkw _m°n
hcpw. hn{I-am_vZw 1249 hsc Ien 4293 h¿j-amIpw. ]d™ hwim-hen {]Imcw amk-Zn-h-k-ßƒ
hn´m¬ 172 h¿j-Øns‚ A¥cw hcpw. AXm-bXv
Cu hwim-hen Xo¿Øpw icn-b-√. Xncp-Ø¬ thWsa-∂¿Yw. AXp a‰p hwim-henIƒ e`n-®m-¬ am{Xw
km[n-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv.
234. ChnsS \n›-b-ambpw sX‰p-≠v. hn{I-am_vZw 1249
t\mSv 754 h¿jw Iqń-bm¬ 2003 hn{I-am-_vZ-am-Ipw.
Cw•o-jp-Im¿ 1803 G.-Un.-bn¬ (hn-{I-am_vZw 1860)
Zn√n-bn¬ A[n-Im-c-ap-d-∏n-®p. ]n∂oSv apKƒ `cWw
\ma-am-{X-am-bn-cp-∂p. G.-Un. 1857 ¬ (hn-{I-am_vZw
1914) Cw•o-jp-Im¿ ]q¿W-amb A[n-Imcw ÿm]n®p. AXn-\m¬ Chn-sSbpw Gsd-°psd 100-˛125 h¿jØns‚ hyXymkw hcp-∂p-≠v.
bn. CXn¬ 12 Xe-apd 151 h¿jhpw 11 amkhpw 2
Znh-khpw cmPyw `cn-®p. hnh-cWw:˛
cmPmhv
h¿jw amkw
Znhkw
1 B[o-tk-\≥
18
5
21
2 hnem-he
- t- k≥
12
4
2
3 tIi-ht- k-\≥
15
7
12
4 amL-tk-\≥
12
4
2
5 abq-ct- k-\≥
20
11
27
6 òa-tk-\≥
5
10
9
7 I√ym-Wt- k-\≥
4
8
21
8 lcn-tk-\≥
12
0
25
9 t£a-tk-\≥
8
11
15
10 \mcm-b-W-tk-\≥1
2
2
29
11 e£vao-tk-\≥
26
10
0
12 Zmtam-Z-c-tk-\≥
11
5
19
Zmtam-Zc
- t- k-\≥ Xs‚ amS-ºn-Isf hfsc Ivtfin∏n- ® p. Ah- c n¬ Hcm- f mb Zo]- k nw- l - a m- S ºn
ssk\ysØ Iqń bp≤w sNbvXv cmPm-hns\
sIm∂v knwlm-k\w ssIb-S-°n. 6 Xe-ap-d-bn¬
107 h¿jw 6 amkw 22 Znhkw `cn-®p. hnh-cWw:˛
1 Zo]-knw-l≥
17
1
26
2 cmP-knw-l≥
14
5
0
3 cW-knw-l≥
9
8
11
4 \c-knw-l≥
45
0
15
5 lcn-knw-l≥
13
2
29
6 Poh-\-knw-l≥
8
0
1
Poh- \ - k nw- l ≥ Ft¥m Imcy- Ø n\v Xs‚
ssk\ysØ apgp-h≥ hS-t°m-´-b-®p. CX-dn™
sshcm-Sc
- m-Pm-hmb ]rYzo-cmPv Nlzm¨ Poh-\k
- nwls\ B{I-an®p h[n®v C{µ-{]ÿ cmPm-hmbn 5
Xe-ap-d-bn¬ 86 h¿jw 20 Znhkw cmPyw `cn-®p.
hnh-cWw:˛
1 ]rYzo-cmPv
12
2
19
2 A`-b-]m-e≥
14
5
17
3 Zp¿P-\-]m-e≥
11
4
14
4 DZ-b-]m-e≥
11
7
3
5 bi-]m-e≥
36
4
27
bi-]m-e- cm-Pm-hns\ 232 ilm-_p-±o≥ Kudn
F∂ Kkv\n kp¬Øm≥ B{I-an®p Iog-S°n
{]bm-K-bnse Hcp tIm´-bn¬ _‘-\-ÿ-\m-°n.
CXv hn{I-am_vZw 1249 embn-cp-∂p 228. ]n∂oSv
C{µ- { ]- ÿ - Ø n¬ Zn√n- b n¬ ilm- _ p- ± o≥
kp¬Øm≥ `c-W-am-cw-`n-®p. 53 Xe-ap-d-Iƒ 754
h¿jw 1 amkw 17 Znhkw `cn-®p. CXv Ncn-{X-]pkvXI
- ß
- f
- n¬ ]e-Xnepw hnkvXc
- n-s®-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v.
AXn-\m¬ ChnsS Fgp-Xp-∂n-√.
C\n _u≤-˛-ssP\ aX-ß-sf-∏‰n Fgp-Xmw.
{ioa-±-bm-\µ kc-kz-Xo-kzm-an-Iƒ cNn®
kXym¿Y-{]-Im-i-Ønse Bcym-h¿Øob
aX-a-Xm-¥-c-ßsf Jfi-\-a-fi\w
sNøp∂ ]Xn-s\m∂mw
kap-√mkw kam-]vXw.
228. CXv ]co-£n-Øns‚ Bbp-jv°m-e-am-Wv. `cn-®Xv
24 h¿j-am-sW∂v ]WvUnXv `K-h-±-Øv.
306
DØ-cm¿≤w
A\p`qanI c≠v
Bcym-h¿Ø-Ønse a\p-jy-cn¬ \n∂v kXymk-Xy-ßsf hmkvX-h-ambn \n¿W-bn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\p-X-Ip∂ thZ-hnZy Hgn-™v, AhnZy ]c-∂v, aXa-Xm-¥-c-ßƒ D≠m-b-XmWv ssP\mZn hnZym
hncp≤ aX-ß-fpsS {]Nm-c-Øn\p \nan-Ø-am-bXv.
hmevao-In-cm-am-b-W-Øntem alm-`m-c-X-Øntem
ssP\n-I-sf-∏‰n \ma-am-{X-am-bn-t∏mepw Fgp-Xn-bnń√. ssP\n-I-fpsS {KŸ-ß-fn¬ hmevao-In-cm-amb-W-Ønepw alm-`m-c-X-Ønepw h¿Wn-®n-´p≈
cma-s‚bpw IrjvW-s‚bpw a‰pw IY-Iƒ hfsc
hnkv X - c n®p h¿Wn- ® n- ´ p- ≠ v . Cu aX- Ø ns‚
D¤hw Ahbv°p tij-am-sW∂v CXv sXfn-bn°p-∂p. Xß-fpsS aXw hfsc ]pcm-X-\-am-sW∂v
ssP\n-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv icn-bm-sW-¶n¬, hmevaoIn- c m- a - b - W - Ø nepw a‰pw Ah- c psS IY- I ƒ
Ahiyw D≠m-bn-cp-t∂-t\. AXn-\m¬ ssP\-aXw
Cu {KŸ-ßƒ°p tij-ap-≠m-b-Xm-Wv.
ssP\ {KŸ-ß-fnse IY-Iƒ FSp-ØmWv
hmevaoIn cmam-b-Whpw, a‰p {KŸ-ßfpw FgpXn-b-sX∂v B¿s°-¶nepw ]d-bm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
\nß-fpsS {KŸ-ß-fp-sS t]cp-t]mepw AXn-en√m-Ø-sX-¥m-sW∂pw \nß-fpsS {KŸ-ß-fn¬
D≈-sX-¥m-sW∂pw Ah-tcmSp tNmZn-°-Ww.
]nXm-hns‚ P∑w ]p{X\p ImWm-\m-Iptam? Hcn°-ep-an√. ssP\ _u≤-a-X-ßƒ ssih-i-‡mZn
aX-ßƒ°p tijw D≠m-b-Xm-sW-∂t{X CXn¬
\n∂p kn≤n-°p-∂-Xv.
Cu 12-˛mw kap-√m-k-Øn¬ ssP\-a-X-sØ-∏‰n
Fgp-Xn-bn- ´ p- ≈- sX√mw Ah- c psS {KŸ-ßsf
Bkv ] - Z - a m- ° n- b mWv . CXv I≠v ssP\n- I ƒ
sNmSn- ° - c p- X v . Ch- c psS aX- s Ø∏‰n \mw
FgpXnbsX√mw kXym-kXy \n¿W-b-Øn\p
th≠nbmWv. hntcm-[n°p-∂-Xnt\m lm\n-bp-≠m°p-∂-Xnt\m th≠n-b-√.
Cu teJ\w ssP\tcm, _u≤tcm a‰m-sc-¶neptam I≠m¬ F√m- h ¿°pw kXyhpw
AkXyhpw \n¿W-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n Nn¥n°m\pw Fgp-Xm\pw kabw e`n-°bpw Imcyw
t_m[n-°bpw sNøpw. hmZnbpw {]Xn-hm-Zn-bp-ambn
{]oXntbmsS hmZn- ° p- I tbm Fgp- X p- I tbm
sNømsX kXym- k Xy \n¿Æbw km[y-a-√.
hnZzm-∑m¿°v kXy-taXv Ak-Xy-taXv F∂p
\n›-b-an-√msX h∂m¬ ]ns∂ hnZzm-∑m-c-√mØh¿°v
alm- ‘ - I m- c - Ø n¬
s]´p- g epIb√msX hgn-bn-√. AXn-\m¬ kXy-Øns‚
Pbw Ak-Xy-Øns‚ £bw F∂n-h-bv°mbn
ssa{Xn-tbmsS hmZn-°bpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNtø≠Xv a\p-jy-Pm-Xn-bn¬s∏´ \ΩpsS apJy I¿aam-Wv. Aßs\ sNbvXn-s√-¶n¬ a\p-jy-cpsS
D∂Xn Hcn°epw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√.
_u≤- ˛ - s sP\ aX-- ß sf∏‰n- b p≈ Cu
teJ\w Ah¿°p am{X-a√, CXc aX-ÿ¿°pw
em`-{]-Zhpw t_m[-Zm-bIhpw Bbn-cn°pw. Fs¥∂m¬ Ch¿ Ah-cpsS aX-{K-Ÿß
- ƒ Fgp-Xmt\m,
hmbn-°m-t\m, ]Tn-°mt\m A\y-a-X-ÿ¿°p
\evIp-∂n-√. Fs‚bpw, t_mws_ Bcy-k-am-PØn-s‚ Imcy-Z¿in tkTv tkhIvem¬ IrjvWZm-kn-s‚bpw h≥]cn-{iaw sIm≠mWv {KŸßƒ e`y-am-b-Xv. Imin-bnse "ssP\-{]-`m-Ic'
b{¥m-eb
- Ø
- nse {]Im-i\
- ß
- fpw t_mws_-bn¬
A®-Sn® "{]I-cW cXv\m-Icw" F∂ {KŸhpw
\nanØw F√m-h¿°pw ssP\-a-X-tØ-∏‰n Aev]sams° Adn-bp-hm≥ {]bm-k-an-√m-Xm-bn-´p-≠v.
kz¥w aX-Ønse {KŸ-ßƒ X\ntb t\m°p∂Xpw, CXc aX-ÿsc ImWn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-XpwA\ycptSXv t\m°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xpw F¥p hnZzØ-am-sW-∂d
- n-hn√! ""Cu {KŸ-ßf
- n¬ Akw-`hy
Imcy-ßf
- p-≠v. a‰m-cm\pw I≠p-t]m-bm¬ JWvUn°pw. A\y aX-°m-cpsS {KŸ-ßƒ \ΩpsS aX°m¿ I≠p-t]m-bm¬ \ΩpsS aXØn¬ {i≤
Ipd-bpw.'' F∂n-ßs\ Cu {KŸ-ß-fp-≠m-°n-bh¿ i¶n-®n-cn-°-Ww.
F¥p-am-Is´! kz¥w tZmjßƒ ImWm-Øhcpw A\y-cpsS tZmj-ß-fn¬ hfsc D’ml-ap≈-h-cp-amb At\Iw a\p-jy-cp-≠v. CXv \ymb-a√. kz¥w tZmj-ßƒ I≠v Zqco-I-cn® tijw
A\y-cpsS tZmj-ßƒ ImWm≥ ]pd-s∏-Sm-hq.
_u≤ ssP\-aX hnj-b-ß-ƒ F√m k÷-\-ßfp-sSbpw apºmsI Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p. kzbw
kXyw Is≠-Øp-I.
_p≤n-am-∑m-tcmSv
CXn-tesdsbs¥-gpXnbdn-bn-°m≥!
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
]{¥≠mw kap-√mkw
12
kXym¿∞-{]-Imiw
_u≤ ssP\ aX JWvU\ aWvU\w
C\n \mkvXn-I-a-X-Øn¬ Nm¿hm-Iw, _u≤ ssP\ aX JWvU\ aWvU\ hnjbw hymJym\n-°mw.
Nm¿hm-I-aXw
thZ- ß - f nepw Cuiz- c - \ nepw b⁄mZn
DØa I¿a-ß-fnepw hnizmkan-√mØ _rlkv]Xn F∂p t]cmb Hcmƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
At±-l-Øns‚ aXw t\m°n-bmepw:˛
bmh- ÷ ohw kpJw Poth∂mkvXn
artXym-ct- Km-Ncx, `kvao-`qXky tZlky ]p\cm-K-a\w IpXx. 1
a\p-jycpw a‰p Pohn-Ifpsam∂pw arXyp-hn\v
AtKm-N-c-ß-f-√. AXm-bXv F√m-hcpw acn-°psa-∂¿∞w. AXn-\m¬ ico-c-ap-≈-{Xbpw Imew
kpJ-ambn Ign-b-Ww. [¿am-N-cWw IjvS-X-tbdn-b-Xm-sW-¶nepw [¿aw shSn™p Pohn-®m¬
]p\¿÷-∑Ø
- n¬ alm-Zp-cn-Xa
- p-≠m-Ipsa∂p ]d™m¬ Nm¿hm-I≥ Cßs\ DØcw ]dbpw:-˛
""]mhw a\p-jytc! ac-W-tijw icocw `kvaamIpw. Xn∂pw IpSn®pw Pohn-®-bmƒ ho≠pw
temI-Øn¬ hcp-∂n√''. AXn-\m¬ Ign-bp-∂{Xbpw B\-µn-°p-I. temI-Øn¬ \oXn ]q¿∆w
\S-°pI, sFizcyw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-I, CjvS-ap≈
kpJ-sa√mw A\p-`h
- n-°pI. Cu temI-ta-bp-≈q,
]c-tem-I-an√ F∂dnbp-I.''
""]rYzn, Pew, A·n, hmbp F∂o \mep `qXßƒ ]cn-W-an-®mWv ico-c-ap-≠m-b-Xv. CXn¬
Ch-bpsS kwtbmKw \n-anØw ssNX\yw D≠mIp-∂p. amZ-I-h-kvXp-°ƒ `£n-®m¬ el-cn-bp≠m-Ip-∂X
- p-t]mse 2 Poh≥ ico-ct- Øm-Sp-IqSn
D≠m-bn. AXns‚ \mi-tØm-Sp-IqSn kzbw C√mXm-Ip-∂p. ]n∂m¿°mWv ]m]-]p-Wy-ß-fpsS
êw e`n-°p-∂Xv?
""Xss®-X\y hnin-jvS-tZl Gh Bflm,
tZlm-Xn-cn‡ Bfl\n {]am-Wm`m-hmXv.'' 3
Cu ico-c-Øn¬ \mep `qX-ß-fpsS kwtbm-KØm¬ D≠m- I p∂ Pohm- fl mhv Ah- b psS
hntbm-K-Øn¬ \in-°p-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ acn®-Xn\p tijw Bflmhv {]Xy-£-a-√. Rßƒ
{]Xy-£-{]-am-WsØ am{Xta hI-h-bv°p-∂p≈q. 4 {]Xy-£-an-s√-¶n¬ A\p-am-\m-Zn-Iƒ
KuW-am-b-Xn-\m¬ Ahsb kzoI-cn-°p-∂n-√.
kpµ-cn-bpsS Benw-K-\-Øm¬ B\-µ-e-_v[n-bp≠m-Ip-∂Xv ]pcp-jm¿∞-Øns‚ ê-am-Wv. 5
1. Cu kap-√m-k-Ønse Nm¿hm-I-˛-_u-≤-aX {]am-Wßƒ kmb-Wm-Nm-cy-Ir-Xy-amb k¿hZ¿i\ kw{K-lØn¬ \ns∂-Sp-Ø-Xm-Wv-. Cu aX-ß-sf-∏-‰n-bp≈
]pkvXI
- ß
- ƒ A∂v e`y-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. ssP\-aX N¿®bnepw k¿hZ¿i-kw-{Klw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≠v. CXv
hmkp-tZh imkv{Xn A`y-¶¿ Fgp-Xnb Sn∏-Wn-tbmSp
IqSn 1924 ¬ {]kn-≤o-Ic
- n® k¿h-Z¿i\ kw{K-lØ
- n¬
Nm¿hmI Z¿i\w t]Pv 2¬ D≠v. C\n Sn∏-Wn-bn¬
\¬Ip∂ t]Pv \º¿ CXn-te-Xm-Wv.
307
2. X{X ]rYn-hym-Zo\ `qXm\n NXzm-cn-X-Øzm-\n. tX`y
Fh tZlm-Imc ]cn-W-tX`yx InWzm-Znt`ym aZ-i‡n
hss®-X-\y-ap-]-Pm-b-tX. tXjp hn\-jvtSjp k’p
kzbw hn\-iyXn (Nm. Z. t]Pv 2)
3. N.Z. 6. t]Pv
4. {]Xy-ss£I {]am-W-hm-Zn-Xbm f \pam-\m-tZ-c-\-MvKoIm-tcW {]mam-Wym-`m-hm-Xv. (Sn t]Pv 3)
5. AwK-\mZym enwK-P\yw kpJ-tah ]pcp-jmcvY (Sn)
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
DØcw:-˛ ]rYnhn apX-emb `qXß-sf√mw
PU-am-Wv. AXn¬\n∂v tNX\w Hcn-°epw
D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. Ct∏mƒ amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS
kwtbm-K-Øn¬ \n∂v tZtlm-Xv]Øn D≠m-Ip∂-Xp-t]mse krjvSn-bpsS XpS-°-Øn¬ a\pjy-cp-tSbpw a‰pw ico-cm-IrXn, I¿Øm-hmb
Cuiz-c-\n-√msX kw`-hn-°p-∂-tX-bn-√. el-cnbp-tS-Xp-t]mseb√ tNX-\Ø
- ns‚ DXv]Ø
- nbpw
hn\m-ihpw kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬ elcn
D≠m-Ip-∂Xv tNX-\-Øn-\mWv PUØn-\-√. 6
]Ym¿∞w \jvSw 7 ˛ AZrjvSw ˛ BIpw,
F∂m¬ Hcn-°epw H∂n-s‚bpw A`mhw D≠mIp-∂n-√. 8 C{]Imcw AZr-iy-am-Ip-∂XpsIm≠v
Pohs‚ A`mhw Ds≠∂v AwKo-I-cn-°-cp-Xv.
tZl-tØmSp IqSn-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ Pohm-flmhv
{]ISo- ` - h n- ° p- ∂ p. icocw XyPn- ° p- t ºmƒ
icocw arX-am-IpIbpw apºv tNX-\-ambncp∂Xp-t]mse BIm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. CXv
_rl-Zm-c-Wy-I-Øn¬ ]d-™n-´p≠v ˛ ""\mlw
tamlw {_hoan A\p- — nØn [cv a m- b - a mtflXn. 9 bm⁄-h-evIy≥ ]d-bp-∂p:˛ tl
ssat{Xbn Rm≥ taml-Øm-e√ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
F∂m¬ Bflmhv Ahn-\m-in-bm-Wv. AXns‚
tN¿®-bm-emWv ico-c-tN-jvS-Iƒ \S-°p-∂Xv.''
Poh≥ ico-c-Øn¬ \n∂p th¿s]´p Ign™m¬ ico- c - Ø n¬ bmsXmcp ⁄m\hpw
D≠m-hp-Ib
- n-√. Bflmhv ico-cØ
- n¬\n∂p `n∂a- s √- ¶ n¬ arXyp- h n\p tijw ico- c - Ø n¬
⁄m\-Øns‚ A`mhw ]mSn-√. AXn-\m¬
GXns‚ kwtbm-K-Øm¬ ico-c-Øn¬ ssNX\yhpw hntbm- K - Ø n¬ PU- X bpw D≠m- I p∂pthm AXv tZl-Øn¬ \n∂p `n∂-am-Ip-∂p.
IÆv F√mw ImWp-s∂-¶nepw kzbw ImWmØ-Xp-t]mse F√mw {]Xy-£o-`-hn-∏n°p∂
Xs∂, X\n°v C{µn-b-ß-fm¬ {]Xy-£-am-°pI
km[y-a-√. kz¥w IÆp-sIm≠v LS˛]-SmZn
kIe hkvXp-°-tfbpw ImWp-∂-Xp-t]mse,
IÆn-t\bpw Xs‚ ⁄m\-Øm¬ ImWp-∂p.
6. aZy-Øn\v el-cn-]n-Sn-°p-∂n-√. aZyw Ign-°p∂ tNX\-Øn\p am{Xta el-cn-bp-≠m-Ip-∂p-≈p. aZ-Im-c-Wam-I-bm¬ aZy-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
7. Wiv AZ¿it\ ([mXp ]mTw 4.83) ImWmXm-hp-∂-XmWv. \jvSw.
8. KoX 2.16 t\m°p-I.
9. aqe-]mT \hm Atcflw tamlw {_hoay hn\mio
hm Atc fb amfl-\p-—-Øn-[cvam (4.5.14)
{ZjvSmhv kZm {ZjvSm-hm-bn-Øs∂ Ccn-°p-∂p.
Hcn-°epw Zriy-am-Ip-∂n-√. B[m-c-an-√msX
At[bw, Imc-W-an-√msX Imcyw, Ah-bhn
C√msX Ah-bhw, I¿Øm-hn-√msX I¿aw
F∂nh \ne-\nev°m-Ø-Xp-t]mse I¿Øm-hn√msX {]Xy£w Fßs\ D≠m-Im-\mWv?
kpµ-cn-bmb -kv{Xo-tbmSp kam-Kaw sNøp∂-XmWv- ]p-cp-jm¿Yêsa¶n¬ £Wn-I-kpJ-amb AXn¬ \n∂v ZpxJw D≠m-Ip-∂Xpw ]pcpjm¿Y ê-am-sW∂p hcpw. Aß-s\-bm-bm¬
kz¿K-kp-JØ
- ns‚ lm\n \nanØw ZpxJw A\p`-hn-t°≠n hcp-∂p. ZpxJsØ C√m-Xm-°p-∂Xn\pw kpJw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pw {]b-Xv\n°-W-sa∂v ]d-bp∂ ]£w ap‡n-kpJw C√mXm-Ipw. AXn-\m¬ AXv ]pcp-jm¿Y ê-a-√.
Nm¿hm-I≥ ˛ ZpxJ-kw-bp-‡-amb kpJsØ
XyPn-°p-∂-h≥ aqV-\m-Wv. [m\yw th≠-h≥
Dan If™v [m\yw FSp-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse Cu
temI- Ø n¬ kpJsØ kzoI- c n- ° p- I bpw
ZpxJsØ XyPn- ° p- I bpw sNø- W w. Cu
temIØv e`n- ° p∂ kpJsØ XyPn®n´v
C√mØ kz¿K-Ønse kpJw B{K-ln®v NXnb-∑m¿ D≠m-°nb thZ-ß-fn¬ ]d-bp∂ A·ntlm-{XmZn I¿a-ßfpw D]m-k-\bpw ⁄m\-ImWvU-Øns‚ A\pjvTm\hpw ]c-tem-I-Øn-\pth≠n A\p-jvTn-°p-∂-h¿ A⁄m-\n-I-fmWv.
\n›-b-ambpw C√mØ ]c-temIw B{K-ln-°p∂Xv aqV-∑m-cpsS ]Wn-bmWv. Fs¥-∂m¬ ˛
A·n-tlm{Xw {Xtbm thZm-kv{XnZWvUw
`kv a KpWv T - \ av _p≤n]ucp- j - l o- \ m\mw
Pohn-tIXn _rl-kv]Xnx 10
Nm¿hm-Ia
- X
- {- ]-hm-NI
- \
- mb _rl-kv]Xn ]dbp∂p ˛ A·n-tlm{Xw, aq∂p thZw, {XnZWvUw,
`kva-te-]\w Ch-sb√mw _p≤nlo\cpw ]pcpjm¿Y cln-X-cp-amb Bfp-I-fpsS \nXy-hr-Øn°p≈ am¿K-ßf
- m-Wv. F∂m¬, ap≈p-sIm-≈pI
apX-emb ZpxJ-ßƒ \c-Ihpw, sFlnI cmPmhv
Cuiz-c-\pw, tZl-\miw tam£-hp-am-Wv. as‰m∂p-a-√. 11
DØcw:˛ hnj-b-kp-J-ßƒ am{X-amWv ]pcp-
308
10. Nm. Z. t]Pv 5.
11. I≠-Im-Zn-hy-Ym-P\yw ZpxJw \ncb DNytX temIknt≤m `th-{ZmPm ]tctim \m]-cx-kvarXx tZlky
\mtim-ap-‡nkvXp \ ⁄m\m∑p‡n-cn-jytX (Nm. Z.t]Pv 6˛7)
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
jm¿Y-^-e-sa∂p \n\®v hnj-b-ZpxJ \nhm-cW-Øn¬ am{Xw IrX-Ir-Xy-Xbpw -kz-¿K{]m]vXnbpw ImWp-∂Xv aqV-X-bmWv . A·n-tlm{XmZn bPv R - ß - f n¬ hmbphpw hrjv S nbpw
Pehpw ip≤n-bmbn BtcmKy {]m]vXnbp≠mhp-Ibpw XZzmcm [¿am¿Y Ima tam£ßƒ
kn≤n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-. AX-dn-bmsX thZw,
Cuiz-c≥ thtZm-‡-amb [¿aw F∂n-hsb
\nµn-°p-∂Xv h©-\-bm-Wv. {XnZWvUw, `kva[m-cWw apX-em-b-hsb JWvUn-®Xv icn-bm-Wv.
ap≈p sIm≈p∂ ZpxJw \c-I-am-sW-¶n¬
AXn- e p- ] - c n- b mb alm- t cm- K m- Z n- I ƒ F¥psIm≠v \c-I-a√? sFiz-cy-hm\pw {]Pm-]m-e\- Ø n¬ ka¿Y- \ p- a mb cmPm- h n\v alXzw
\ev I p- ∂ Xv icn- b m- s W- ¶ nepw A\ymbw
sNøp∂ ]m]n-bmWv cmPm-sh-¶n¬ Abmsf
Cuiz-c-Xpeyw AwKo-I-cn-°p-s∂-¶n¬ \nß-sft∏mse aqV-∑m-cn√ Xs∂. ico-c-\m-i-amWv
ap‡n-sb-¶n¬ \nßfpw Igp-X, ]ń- ap-X-em-bhbpw XΩn¬ F¥mWv hyXymkw?
Nm¿hm-I≥:˛
1. A·n-cpjvtWm Pew ioXw ioX-kv]cvikvXY
- m-\nex tIt\Zw Nn{XnXw XkvamZv kz`mhmkvXZzyhÿnXnx
2. \ kzcvtKm \mf]h¿tKm hm ss\hmflm
]mc-eu-In-Ix, ss\h hcvWm-{i-am-Zo\mw
{Ibm-›-^-e-Zm-bnImx
3. ]ip- t ›- ∂ n- l nXx kzcv K w tPymXnjvtSmta K-an-jyXn, kz]n-Xm-b-P-am-t\\ X{X
Ikvam-∂ lnwky-tX.
4. arXm- \ mh- ] nP- ¥ p\mw {im≤w
tNØr]vXn Imc-Wav K—-Xm-an-l-P-¥p\mw
hycvYw ]mtY-b-I-ev]-\av.
5. kzcvK- ÿ nXm bZm Xr]vXnw
Kt—bpkvX{X Zm\Xx {]km-Ztkym ]cn-ÿm\m-a{X Ikvam∂ ZobtX
6. bmh÷oth’pJw Poth-ZrWw IrXzm
LrXw ]nt_Xv, `kvao `qXky tZlky ]p\cm-K-a\w IpXx.
7. bZn Kt—-Xv]cw temIw tZlm-tZj
hn\ncvKXx, Ikva
- mZv `qtbm \ NmbmXn _‘pkvt\l kam-Ipex
8. XX› Poh-t\m-]mtbm {_m“-ssW¿hn-
ln-XkvXznl. arXm\mw t{]X-Im-cym-Wn NXz\yZv hnZytX IzNn-Xv.
9. {Xtbm thZky Icv Ø mtcm `Wv U [qcvØ \nim-Ncm,x Pcv^co Xpcv^-co-XymZn
]WvUn-Xm\mw hNx kvarXav.
10. Aizkym- { Xln iniv \ ¥p ]Xv \ o{Kmlyw {]IocvØn-Xa
- v. `WvssU-kvXZ- z-Xv]cw
ssNh -{KmlyPmXav {]IocvØn-Xav
11. amwkm\mwJmZ\w XZz-∂n-imNc kaocn-X-av. 12
1. Nm¿h-Icpw B`m-W-Icpw _u≤-˛-ssP-\∑mcpw PK-Zp-Xv]Øn kzm-`m-hn-I-am-sW∂v IcpXp- ∂ p. kz`m- h nI KpW- ß fp≈ {Zhyßƒ
kwtbm-Pn®v F√m ]Zm¿∞-ßfpw D≠m-Ip-∂p.
PK-Øn\v {kjvSm-hmbn Bcp-an-√. 13
2. F∂m¬ Ch-cn¬ Nm¿hm-I¿ Aßs\
Icp-Xp-s∂-¶nepw ]c-tem-Ihpw Pohm-flmhpw
Ds≠∂v _u≤r-˛-ssP-\-∑m¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂p.
Nm¿hm-I¿ Cu hmZw kzoI-cn-°p-∂n-√. Cu aX°m¿ Aev]-kzev] t`Z-sam-gn-hm-°n-bm¬ a‰pIm-cy-ß-fn-se√mw Xpey-cm-Wv. kz¿§-an-√, \cI-an-√, ]c-tem-I-Øp-t]m-Ip∂ Bflm-hp-an-√.
h¿Wm-{i-a-[¿a-]m-e\w H´pw ê-{]-Z-hp-a-√.
3. ]ip-hn-s\-s°m∂v b⁄-Øn¬ tlman°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v AXp kz¿§-Øn¬ t]mIp-sa¶n¬ b⁄w sNøp∂h≥ kz¥w ]nXm-hns\
sIm∂p tlman®v kz¿§Øn-e-b-bv°m-Ø-sX¥mWv?
4. acn® Pohn-Iƒ {im≤hpw X¿]-W-hpwsIm≠v Xr]v X - c m- I p- s a- ¶ n¬ ]c- t Z- i Øp
t]mIp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ A∂w hkv{X-Zm\w
apX- e m- b h F¥n\p sIm≠p- t ]m- I p- ∂ p?
acn®bmfns‚ t]cn¬ X¿]Ww sNøp∂
]Zm¿∞-ßƒ -kz¿§Øn-se-Øp-sa-¶n¬ ]-c-tZi-bm{X sNøp-∂-h¿°p-th≠n _‘p-°ƒ°v
309
12. Nm.-Z. t]Pv 13, 14, 15.
13. CXv `mhm¿Y-am-Wv. i_vZm¿Yw ""A·n DjvWhpw
Pew ioX-fhpw hmbp ioX-kv]¿i-ap-≈-Xp-am-Wv. Cu
sshNn{Xyw BcmWv Nn{Xo-Ic
- n-®Xv? AXn-\m¬ kzm`mhn-I-am-bn-Øs∂ AXXns‚ KpW-ß-fm¬ bp‡-ambn
ÿnXn sNøp∂p F∂p a\-kn-em-°Ww''. tizXm-izX-tcm-]\
- n-jØ
- ns‚ Bcw-`Ø
- n¬ (1.2) Imex kz`mthm
\nb-Xn-cy-Zr—m F∂v kz`m-th\ krjvSyp-Xv]Øn F∂
]£w Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n´v ]n∂oSv AXns\ JWvUn-®n-´p≠v.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
hoń¬ A¿]Ww sNbvXv tZim-¥-c-ß-fn¬
FØn-°m-hp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.- Cßs\sbØn-°m-\mhp-I-bn-s√-¶n¬ Fßs\ kz¿§Øn-ep-sa-Øpw?
5. a¿Xy- t em- I - Ø n¬ Zm\w sNøp- ∂ - X psIm≠v kz¿§-hm-kn-Iƒ Xr]vX-cm-Ip-sa-¶n¬
XmgsØ \ne-bn¬ hnf-ºn-sh-®m¬ apI-fnse
\ne-bn-en-cn-°p∂ Bfn\p hni-∏-S-ß-W-at√m!
6. AXn-\m¬ Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-{Xbpw Imew
kpJ-ambn Pohn-°p-I. hoń-sem-∂p-an-s√-¶n¬
ISw hmßn B\- µ n- ° p- I . ISw hot´≠
Bhiyw hcp-I-bn-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ Xn∂p-Ibpw
IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX ico-c-Øn\v ]p\-cm-K-a\-an-√. ]ns∂ Bcp tNmZn-°m≥ Bcp sImSp°m≥?
7. ac-W-k-a-bØv Poh≥ icocw hn´v ]ctemIw {]m]n-°p-s∂∂v B-fp-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv
anYy-bm-Wv. Aßs\ BsW¶n¬ IpSpw-_-taml-Øn¬s∏´v Poh≥ hoń¬ Xncn-s®-ØmØsX-¥p-sIm≠v?
8. AXn-\m¬ CsX√mw {_m“-W¿ Ah-cpsS
\nXy-hr-Øn°p th≠n D≠m-°nb -D-]m-b-ß-fmWv. ]Øp _en apX-emb ac-Wm-\-¥c {InbIfpw Cß-s\-X-s∂.
9. thZ-ß-fp-≠m-°n-b-h¿ I]S `‡cpw, NXnbcpw, cm£-k-cp-am-Wv. P¿^-cn, Xp¿^-cn, apXem-b-h-sb√mw ]ptcm-ln-X-cpsS BPvR-sb-Ipdn-°p-∂p.
10. Cu t]m°n-cn-If
- psS cN\ t\m°q. ""AizenMvKw kv{Xo {Kln-°-s´. bP-am-\-]-Xv\nsb
kam-K-an-∏n-°p-∂p. I\yI-tbmSp tIfo-h-N-\ßƒ ]-d-bs´. CsX√mw Ah¿t° Fgp-Xn-shbv°m≥ Ign-bq.
11. amwk `£-W-amImw F∂ thZ-`mKw
cm£-k¿ Fgp-Xn-b-Xm-Wv.
DØcw:˛ 1. tNX-\-amb Cuiz-c≥ \n¿Ωn°msX PU-hk
- vXp-°ƒ X\ntb ]c-kv]cw {Iaambn tbmPn®v H∂pw D≠m-hp-Ib
- n-√. kz`m-th\
D≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-sW-¶n¬ ho≠pw kqcy N{µ∑mcpw ]rYznbpw \£-{Xm-Zn-Ifpw D≠m-Im-ØsX-¥p-sIm≠v?
2. kz¿§w, kpJ-t`m-K-ß-fp-sSbpw \cIw
bmX-\I
- f
- p-tSbpw t]cm-Wv. Pohm-flm-hn-s√-¶n¬
kpJ-Zpx-Jß
- f
- psS t`m‡mhv BcmWv? Ct∏mƒ
kpJ-Zpx-J-ß-fpsS t`m‡mhv Pohm-flmhmbn-cn°p-∂-Xp-t]mse ]c-P-∑-Ønepw Bbn-cn-°pw.
h¿Wm-{i-an-I-fpsS kXy-`m-j-Ww. ]tcm-]-Imcw
apX-emb {Inb-Ifpw \njv^-e-am-Ip-tam? Hcn-°ep-an-√.
3. 4. 5. arK-ßsf sIm∂v tlman-°p-hm≥ thZim-kv{X-ß-fnseßpw hn[n-bn-√. acn-®-h¿°v
{im≤-X¿∏Wßƒ \S-Øp-∂Xpw It]m-e-Iev]n-Xa
- m-Wv. Ch thZmZn kXy-im-kv{X-ßƒ°p
hncp-≤-am-I-bm¬ `mK-h-XmZn ]pcm-W-°m-cpsS
a- X - a m- W v . AXn- \ m¬ Chsb JWv U \w
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xns\ JWvUn-°m-\m-hp-I-bn-√.
6. D≈ hkvXp-hn\v Hcn-°-epw A`mhw C√.
D≈ Pohs‚ A`mhw D≠m-Im≥ hø. tZlw
`kva-amIpw. Poh≥ Bhp-I-bn√. Poh≥ as‰mcp
ico-c-Øn¬ t]mIp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ ISw hmßn
a‰p-h-kvXp-°ƒ D]-t`mKw sNbvXv Xncn-®p-sImSp- ° m- X n- c p- ∂ m¬ \n›- b - a mbpw ]m]n- b mbn
c≠mw P∑-Øn¬ \c-I-a-\p-`-hn°pw. CXn¬
ktµ-l-an-√.
7. 8. tZl-Øn¬ \n∂pw th¿s]´ Poh\v
ÿm\m-¥-chpw, ico-cm-¥hpw kw`-hn-°p-∂p.
AXn\v ]q¿∆P∑-sØ-∏‰ntbm IpSpw-_m-Zn-I-sf∏-‰ntbm bmsXm-c-dnhpw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. t{]XI¿a-ßfpw a‰pw ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿ BZm-b-Øn\p
th≠n D≠m-°nbXmWv. thtZm-‡-a-√m-Ø-XpsIm≠v Ahsb JWvUn-°-Ww.
9.
Nm¿hm- I m- Z n- I ƒ
thZm- Z n- k Xy
imkv{Xßƒ ImWpItbm tIƒ°p-Itbm ]Tn°p-Itbm sNbvXn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ ""I]-S-`-‡cpw
NXn-bcpw cm£-k-cp-am-b-h-cmWv thZmZn kXyim-kv{X-ßƒ \n¿Ωn-®-sX∂p ]d-bp-I-bn-√m-bncp-∂p. I]-S-`-‡cpw NXn-b-∑mcpw cm£-k-Xpey-cp-amb alo-[-cm-Zn 14 hymJym-Xm-°ƒ D≠mbn-´p-≠v. Ah-cpsS NXn-bm-Wv. thZ-ß-fp-tS-X-√.
Nm¿hm-Icpw B`m-W-Icpw _u≤-˛-ssP-\cpw
\mep-th-Zß
- f
- p-tSbpw aqe-kw-lnX ImWp-Itbm
tIƒ°pItbm GsX-¶nepw hnZzm≥am-cn¬\n∂p
]Tn-°p-Itbm sNbvXn-ń-√m-ØXp IjvS-am-Wv.A-Xn-\m¬ \jvS-_p-≤n-I-fp-ambn thZ-\nµ ]peºp-hm≥ XpS-ßn. ZpjvS-∑m-cmb hma-am¿§n-I-
310
14. alo-[-cm-Zn-Iƒ F∂-Xn\v alo-[-c-\-t∏m-se-bp≈
F∂¿Yw. alo-[-c\p hfsc apºp-Xs∂ {`jvS-`m-jyßƒ D≠m-bn-Øp-S-ßn-bn-cp-∂p.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
fpsS {]am-W-iq-\y-amb hymJym-\-ßƒ I≠v
thZ-hn-tcm-[n-I-fmbn AhnZybpsS AKm-[-amb
kap-{Z-Øn¬ ]Xn-®p-t]m-b-t√m.
10. \√ Imcyw Xs∂! kv{Xosb-s°m≠v
Aiz-enMvKw {Kln-∏n®v kam-K-an-∏n-°epw, bPam-\-]p-{Xnsb D]-l-kn-°epw a‰pw hma-am¿KnI-sf-s°m-≠-√msX a‰p a\p-jy¿°p tN¿∂-tXb-√. Cu alm-]m-]n-I-fmb hma-am¿Kn-I-f-√msX
Bsc-¶nepw {`jvShpw hn]-co-Xhpw Aip-≤-hpamb thZ-hym-Jym\w sNøptam? bmsXm∂pw
Btem-Nn-°msX shdptX thZ-\n-µbv°p Xp\nbp∂ Cu Nm¿hm-I-cpsS Imcyw IjvSw X-s∂.
Hs´-¶n-epw kz_p≤n {]tbm-Kn-®p-IqtS? F¥p
sNøm- \ mWv ? AXp- ß ƒ°v kXym- k - X y\n¿Æbw sNbvXv kXysØ aWvU\w
sNøm\pw X° Adn-hn-√msX t]mbn.
11. hma-am¿Kn-I-fmb hymJym-Xm-°-fmWv
amwk `£-WsØ A\p-Iq-en-®-Xpw. AXn-\m¬
Ahsc cm£-ks
- c∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv DNn-Xw-Xs
- ∂.
F∂m¬ thZ-ß-fn-seßpw -amw-k-`-£Ww hn[n®n-ń-√. AXn-\m-¬ CØcw anYyIfpsS ]m]w
thZ- ß ƒ ImWp- I tbm tIƒ°pItbm
sNømsX tXm∂nb]Sn \nµn® B `mjy°m¿°pXs∂ ktµ-l-sat\y In´pw. thZsØ
\n-µn-®-h-cpw \nµn-°p-∂-hcpw \n›-b-ambpw
Ahn-Zy-bpsS A‘-Im-c-Øn¬ hoWv, kpJØn\p ]Icw F{X-I≠v ZpxJn-°p-∂Xpw A[nI-a-s√-∂XmWv kXyw. AXn-\m¬ thZm-\p-Iqe-ambn \S-°p-∂-Xt{X a\p-jy¿°p DNn-Xw.
shdptX It]m-e-I-ev]n-X-am-b-sX√mw sa\s™-SpØv btYjvSw aZy-]m-\w, amwkm-lmcw,
]c-kv{Xo-Ka
- \w apX-emb ZpjvSI
- ¿a-ßƒ sNøpI-sb∂ kzm¿∞-kn-≤n°pth≠n hma-am¿KnIƒ thZsØ If-¶-s∏-SpØn. CXp I≠mWv
Nm¿hm-Icpw _u≤cpw ssP\cpw thZ-\nµ
sNøm-\m-cw-`n-®Xv. F∂n´v thZ-hn-cp-≤hpw \ncoiz-c-hp-amb \mkvXn-I-a-X-{]-Nm-cWw Bcw-`n®p.
Nm¿hm-Im-Zn-Iƒ thZ-ß-fpsS au-en-Im¿∞w
At\z-jn-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬, I≈-`m-jy-ßƒ I≠v
thtZm-‡-a-X-Øn¬ \n∂v thdn´p \nev°p-am-bncp-∂n-√. F¥p sNømw! hn\m-iI
- mte hn]-coX
15
_p≤nx
\mi-Øns‚ s\√n-∏-eI ImWm-dmIp-tºmƒ a\p-jys‚ _p≤n hn]-co-X-amtb
t]mIq.
C\n Cu Nm¿hm-Im-Zn-Iƒ FsX√mw XcØn-eps≠∂v Fgp-Xmw. Ch¿ an°-hmdpw Imcyß-fn¬ Hcp-t]m-se-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ Nm¿hm-I¿
tZtlm-Xv]-Øntbm-Sp-IqSn Pothm-Xv-]-Ønbpw
AXns‚ \mi-tØm-Sp-IqSn Poh-s‚ \mihpw
AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p. ]p\¿P-∑hpw ]c-tem-Ihpw
AwKo-Icn-°p-∂n-√. {]Xy-£-{]-am-W-a-√msX
as‰m∂n-s\bpw kzoI-cn-°p-∂n-√. ]d-bp-∂-Xn¬
{]K-¤¿ F∂pw, sshX-WvUn-I¿ F∂p-amWv
Nm¿hmI i_vZ-Øn-\¿∞w. _u≤cpw ˛ -ssP\-cpw {]Xy-£m-Zn-\mep {]am-W-ßƒ, A\m-Znbmb Pohm- fl mhv . ]p\¿P∑w. ]c- t emIw,
ap‡n F∂n-h-bn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂p. _u≤-˛ssP-\-cpw Nm¿h-Icpw XΩn-ep≈ A¥cw C{Xam-{X-am-Wv. \mkvXn-IX, thZ˛Cu-iz-c-\nµ, ]ca-X-tZzjw. Bdp bXv\-ßƒ, PK-XvI¿Ømhns√∂ hmZw F∂n-h-bnse√mw Ch¿ Xpey-cmWv. CXmWv Nm¿hm-I-a-X-Øns‚ kw£n]vX
cq]w.
_u≤-aXw
C\n _u≤-aX
- sØ kw_-‘n®v kw£n-]vXambn Fgp-Xmw. Imcy-Im-c-W-`m-hmZzm kz`mhmZzm \nbm-aI
- m-Xv, Ahn-\m`m-h\
- n-btam Zcvi16
\m-¥c Zcvi-\mXv
Imcy ImcW `mhw
AYhm Imcyw I≠v Imc-Ww, Imc-Ww-I≠v
Imcyw, apX-em-b-h-bpsS km£m-XvImcw D≠mIp-∂Xv {]Xy-£-hpw, a‰p-≈h A\p-am-\-hp-amIp-∂p. Ch-Iq-SmsX Pohn-I-fpsS {]h¿Ø-\ßƒ ]q¿W-am-hp-I-bn-√. C{]-Im-c-ap≈ e£W-ß-fm¬ A\p-am-\-Øn\v {]m[m\yw \evInbmWv Nm¿hm-I-cn¬ \n∂p `n∂-amb _u≤imJ D≠m-bn-´p-≈Xv.
\mev _u≤-im-J-Iƒ
_u≤¿ \mep {]Im-c-Øn-ep-≠v. 17 am[y-anIw, tbmKm-Nm-cw, ku{Xm-¥n-Iw, ssh`m-jn-Iw
15. NmWIy \oXn 16.15
311
16. k¿h-Z¿i\ kw{Klw _u≤-aXw t]Pv 16 ¬ Nn’pJ-Ir-X-am-b-XØz Zo]n-I-bn¬ [¿a-Io¿Øn-bp-tS-Xmbn
D≤r-Xw. Cu {]I-c-W-Øn¬ k¿h-Z¿i\ kw{K-lØn¬ \n∂mWv apJy-ambpw D≤-c-Wn-Iƒ {KŸ-Imcs‚ ImeØv _u≤-{K-Ÿ-ßƒ kpe-`-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.
17. tX _u≤m-›X
- pcv hn[bm `mh-\bm ]c-a]
- p-cp-jmcvYw
IY-b¥n tX N am[y-anI ˛ tbmKm Nmc˛ ku{Xm¥nI ssh`m-jnI kwPvRmòx {]kn≤m _u≤m bYm{Iaw kcvhi
- q-\y-Xz-˛_
- m-lymcvYi
- q-\y-Xz˛ _mlymcvYm\p-ta-bXz _mlymcvY {]Xy-£-hm-Zm≥ BXn-jvTt¥
(Sn t]Pv 19)
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
F∂n-hb
- mWv B t`Z-ßƒ. _p≤ym \nhcvØtX
k _u≤x ˛ _p≤n-bm¬ kn≤n-°p-∂Xv ˛ Ah\-hs‚ _p≤n-bn¬ hcp-∂Xv hniz-kn-°p-I.
hcm- Ø Xv hniz- k n- ° m- X n- c n- ° p- I . CXt{X
_u≤-e-£-Ww. Ch-cn¬ H∂m-asØ Iq´-cmb
am[y-an-I¿ F√mw iq\y-am-sW∂v hniz-kn-°p∂p. AXm-bXv F¥p ]Zm¿∞-ß-fpt≠m Ahsb√mw iq\yw. AXm-bXv Ah BZn-bn¬ D≠mbn-cp-∂n-√. Ah-km\w D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bp-an-√.
a[y-Øn¬ {]Xo-Xo-am-Ip-∂-Xp-Xs∂ {]Xo-Xn-ka-b-Øm-Wv. ]n∂oSv iq\y-am-Ipw. IpSw D≠m-Ip∂- X n\p- a pºv AXv C√m- b n- c p- ∂ p. DS- ® p- I f™m¬ ]ns∂ C√-Xm-\pw. IpSw D≠v F∂
Adnhpw AXns‚ DS-®n-en-t\msS C√m-Xm-Ip∂p. A-Xn-\m¬ iq\yw am{X-amWv GI-XØzw.
c≠m-asØ Iq´-cmb tbmKm-Nm-c-°m-cpsS
kn≤m¥w _mly-iq-\y-X-bm-Wv. ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ
A¥-cn-I-⁄m-\-ØnemWv. _mly-⁄m\-Øne√ `mkn-°p-∂Xv. IpSsØ AIta Adn-bmhp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠t{X "CXp IpS-amWv' F∂p a\pjy≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. B¥cnI ⁄m\-an-s√-¶n¬
CXp ]d-bp-hm≥ km[y-a-√.
aq∂m-asØ sku{Xm¥n-I¿ _mlym¿∞Øns‚ A\p-am-\-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. Fs¥∂m¬ _mly- a mbn H∂pw - X s∂ kmwtKm]mwKw {]Xy-£-am-Ip-∂n-√. GI-tZiw {]Xy£-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v tijw A\p-am-\n-°p-∂tX-bp≈q F∂m-Wn-h-cpsS aXw.
\mem-asØ ssh`m-jn-I¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv {]Xy£-am-Ip-∂-sX√mw ]pd-ta-bm-Wv, AI-ta-b√
F∂m-Wv. Abw \oex LSx (CXv \oe-°p-Sw)
F∂-Xn¬ {]Xo-Xn-bm¬ \oe-\n-d-ap≈ IpSw
]pdta {]Xo-X-am-Ip-∂p. CXm-W-h-cpsS aXw.
Ch-cp-sS-sb√mw Kpcp _p≤≥. Xs∂-sb¶nepw injy-∑m-cpsS _p≤n-t`Zw \nan-Ø-amWv
]e imJ-Iƒ D≠m-bX
- v. kqcy≥ AkvXa
- n-®m¬
Pmc-∑m¿ ]c-kv{Xo-K-a-\hpw hnZzm-∑m¿ kXy-`mj-WmZn t{ijvT I¿aßfpw sNøp-∂p. kabw
H∂p- X s∂; Ah- \ - h s‚ _p≤n- b - \ p- k - c n®v
hn`n∂ tNjvS-Iƒ sNøp-∂p. 18
Ch- c n¬ am[y- a n- I ¿ F√mw £Wn- I - a msW∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂p. Hmtcm £W-Ønepw
_p≤n ]cn-W-an-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Ign™ £WØn-se- A-dnhv hcpw£W-Øn¬ C√m-Xm-Ip-∂p.
AXn\mse√mw £Wn-I-a-t{X. c≠masØ Iqćmb tbmKm-Nm-c-°m¿ F√m {]hr-Ønbpw ZpxJcq-]-am-sW∂ aX-°m-cmWv. {]m]vXnsIm≠v
k¥p-jvSn-bn√. H∂p {]m]vX-am-bm¬ as‰m∂ns‚ {]m]vXn°v bXv\am-cw-`n°pw. AXn-\m¬
F√m {]hr-Øn-Ifpw ZpxJ-cq-]-ß-fm-Wv. aq∂masØ ku{Xm-¥n-I¿ F√m ]Zm¿∞ßfpw
kze£-W-ß-fm¬ e£n-X-am-Ip-s∂∂p hnizkn-°p-∂p. ]ip-hns‚ Nn”-ßƒsIm≠v ]ip.
IpXn-c-bpsS e£-W-ßƒsIm≠v IpXnc F∂nßs\ Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂p. Cßs\ e£y-Øn¬
Xs∂ e£Ww kZm D≠v. \mem-asØ ssh`mjn-I¿ "iq\yw' Hcp ]Zm¿∞-am-sW∂p hnizkn-°p-∂p. am[y-an-I¿ F√mw iq\y-am-sW∂v
kn≤m-¥n-®n-´p-≠v. ssh`m-jn-I-]-£hpw XØpey-am-Wv. Cßs\ _u≤cn¬ At\Iw hn`n∂
]£-ßfp-≠v. 19
DØcw:- ˛
F√mw iq\yamsW- ¶ n¬
iq\ysØ iq\y-sa-∂d
- n-bp∂bmƒ iq\y-am-Im≥
hgn-bn-√. IqSmsX F√mw iq\y-am-sW-¶n¬
iq\y- Ø n\p iq\ysØ Adn- b m- \ m- h n- √ .
At∏mƒ iq\y-Øns‚ ⁄mXmhv, t⁄bw
F∂o c≠p ]Zm¿∞- ß ƒ kn≤- a m- I p- ∂ p.
tbmKm-Nm-c-°m¿ _mly-iq\y-Xzw kn≤m-¥n°p-tºmƒ {]Xy-£-am-bn-Im-Wp∂ ]¿h-Xhpw
a‰pw Ah-cpsS D≈nem-Wv. Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬
lrZ- b - Ø n¬ ]m¿h- X - Ø n\v CS- s a- h nsS?
At∏mƒ ]¿hXw _mly-am-sW∂pw AXns‚
⁄m\-amWv Bflm-hn-ep-≠m-Ip-∂s
- X∂pw hcp∂p. ku{Xm-¥n-I¿ ]Zm¿∞-ß-fpsS {]Xy£sØ am\n-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ Ah-cpsS hm°pIfpw A\p-ta-b-a-√msX {]Xy-£-am-hp-I-bn-√.
{]Xy£as√-¶n¬ Abw -LSx (Cu IpSw)
F∂ {]tbmKw km[p-h√
- . Abw LssS-It- Zix
18. bZy]n `K-hm≥ _p≤ GI Gh t_m[-bnXm XYm]n
t_m[-hymlmw _p≤n-t`-Zm-®m-Xpcvhn-[yav. bYm-KtXm
kvXacvI CXypt‡ Pmc-tNmc \qNm-\m-Zbx tkzjvS
tNjvT-m-\p-km-tc-Wm`n-k-cW ]ckz lcW kZm-N-cW, Zn kabw _p[yt¥ (_u.-Z. 19)
312
19. ChnsS aqe-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬Øs∂ Ft¥m {`jvS-]mTw
D≠m-bn-´p-s≠∂v bp[n-jvTn-ca
- o-amw-kI
- s
- \-t∏m-se-bp≈
]WvUn-X∑
- m¿ A`n-{]m-bs
- ∏-Sp-∂p. kcvhw-£Wn-Iw-£Wn-I-av, kcvhw ZpxJw ZpxJ kze-£Ww kze-£-W-av,
iq\yw iq\yav (t]Pv 19) F∂mWv _p≤s‚ D]-tZ-iw.
CXns‚ hymJym\w sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂Xv icn-bm-sW¶nepw Nne `mK-ßƒ IqSpXembn h∂p-t]m-bn-´p-≠v.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
CXv IpS-Øns‚ `mK-amWv F∂p ]d-b-Ww.
`mKw IpS-am-hp-Ib
- n-√, apgp-h\pw Ds≠-¶nte IpSam-hq. CXv IpSamWv F∂p-≈Xv {]Xy-£amWv.
A\p- t a- b - a - √ , Fs¥- ∂ m¬ F√m Ah- b hßfnepw Ah-bhn H∂m-Wv. AXp-{]-Xy-£am-sW-¶n¬ IpS-Øns‚ Ah-b-hhpw {]Xy-£am-Wv. Ah-b-h-k-ln-X-amb IpSw {]Xy-£-amIp-sa∂p XmXv]-cyw.
\mem-asØ ssh`mjn-I¿ _mly-]-Zm¿∞ßsf {]Xy-£-am-sW∂p am\n-°p-∂p. CXpw
icn-b-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ ⁄m\hpw ⁄mXmhpw
Fhn-sS-bpt≠m Ahn-sS-bmWv {]Xy-£w. {]Xy£- h n- j bw shfn- b n- e m- s W- ¶ nepw AXns‚
BIm-c-⁄m-\-ap-≠m-Ip-∂Xv Bflm-hn-\m-Wv.
AXp-t]mse F√m- h-kvXp-°fpw Ah-bpsS
⁄m\hpw £Wn-I-am-sW-¶n¬ {]Xy-`n-⁄-˛Rm≥ Aßs\ sNbvXp F∂ kvac-W-˛-D-≠mIp-I-bn-√. F∂m¬ apºv I≠Xpw tI´Xpw
kvacn-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xn-\m¬ £Wn-I-hm-Zhpw
icn-b-√.
F√mw ZpxJ-amWv kpJ-ta-bn√ F∂m-sW¶n¬ kpJsØ At]-£n-®√
- msX ZpxJw kn≤n°p-Itb C√. cm{Xnsb At]-£n®v ]Iepw
]I-ens\ At]-£n®v cm{Xnbpw D≠m-Ip-∂Xp
t]mse-bm-Wn-Xv. AXn\m¬ F√mw ZpxJ-amsW∂ kn≤m¥w icn-b-√.
kze-£Ww am{Xw kzoIcn-®m¬, t\{Xw
cq]-Øns‚ e£-W-hpw, cq]w e£y-hp-am-Wv.
IpS-Øns‚ cq]w IpS-Øns‚ cq]-e-£-W-hpw,
IÆv e£y-Øn¬ \n∂p `n∂hpw BWv. K‘w
]rYnhn-bn¬ \n∂p `n∂-a-√m-XmIp∂-Xp-am-Wv.
Cßs\ e£y-e-£-W-ßƒ `n∂m-`n-∂-ß-fmsW∂p Icp-X-Ww.
iq\y- Ø ns‚ DØcw apºp ]d- ™ p.
iq\ysØ Adn-bp∂ Bƒ iq\y-Øn¬ \n∂p
`n∂w Xs∂.
ZpxJ-cq-]n-bmb kwkm-cw-ssP-\-_u-≤-kn-≤m¥w
kcv h ky kwkm- c ky ZpxJm- fl - I Xzw
kcvh-XocvY-¶c kΩ-X-av. 20
temI-sa√mw ZpxJ-cq-]w, ZpxJ-Øns‚ Ccn∏n-Sw, ZpxJ-Øns‚ km[\mcq-]s
- a∂p k¶ev]n®v
temIsØ shSn-bp-I-sb-∂-XmWv _u≤-cpsS
20. k¿h-Z¿i\ kw{Klw ˛ _u≤-Z¿i\w t]Pv 28
kn≤m-¥w. Nm¿hmI kn≤m-¥-Øn-ep-]-cn-bmbn
Ch¿ ap‡n, A\p-am-\w, Pohm-flmhv F∂n-hsb-IqSn AwKo-I-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂p.
Xo¿Y-¶-c-cm-sW∂v _uZv-[¿ AwKo-I-cn-°p∂--hsc ssP\cpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬
Ccp-hcpw H∂p-Xs∂. t\ctØ ]d™ km[\m
NXp-jvSbw AYhm \mep-`m-h\
- -I-fm¬ F√m
hmk-\-I-fn¬ \n∂pw \nhr-Ø-ambn iq\y-cq-]amb \n¿hmW {]m]vXn˛ap‡n-˛-bmWv Ch¿
AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ e£yw.
kzin-jy-∑m¿°v Ch¿ tbmKhpw BNm-chpw
D]-tZ-in-°p-∂p. A{]m-]vXm¿Y-ßsf {]m]n-°p∂-Xn-\p≈ ]cy-\p-tbm-K-Øn\v tbmK-sa∂pw
Kpcq]- t Ziw AwKo- I - c n- ° p- ∂ - X n\v BNm- c sa∂pw ]d-bp-∂p. B\m-Zn-bmb _p≤n, hmk\
\nanØw hnhn-[X
- c
- Ø
- n¬ {]Im-in-Xa
- m-Ip-∂p-sh∂-h¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. AXn¬ C\n ]d-bp∂
A©v kvI‘-ß-fp-≠v.
H∂m- a - t Ø- X v ˛ ""cq]- h n- ⁄ m- \ - t h- Z \m
kw⁄m kwkm-c-kw-⁄Im''. C{µn-b-ß-fn¬
\n∂v cq]w apX-emb hnj-b-ßƒ {Kln-°p-∂p.
AXv cq]-kvI-‘w. c≠m-a-tØXv Be-b-hn⁄m\w AYhm {]hr-Øn-ssh-`-h-a-dn-bp∂
hyh-lm-c-amb hnPvRm-\kvI-‘-am-Wv. aq∂m-atØXv cq]-kvI-‘w, hnPvRm-\-kvI‘w F∂nh-bn¬ \n∂pfhm-Ip∂ kpJ-Zpx-JmZn {]Xo-XnI-fm-Ip∂ hyh-lm-c-amb thZ-\m-kvI-‘hpw
\mem-a-tØ-Xv, ]ip apX-emb kw⁄-I-fpsS
_‘w AXmXv t]cp-≈-h-bp-ambn tN¿Ø-dnbp∂ kw⁄m-kvI‘
- hpw A©m-at- ØXv thZ\m-kvI‘
- Ø
- n¬ \n∂v D≠m-Ip∂ cmK-tZz-jmZn
t¢i-ßfpw [¿am-[¿a-hy-h-lm-chpw tN¿∂
kwkvIm-c-kvI-‘-hp-am-Wv.
Xo¿∞-¶c
- h
- n-izmkw-˛ZzmZ-im-bX
- \
- ]
- qP
1. tZi\m temI-\m-Ym\mw kXzm-ib him\pKx, `nZyt¥ _lp-[m-temtI D]m-ssbcv
_lp-`nx-Ine
2. Kwò-tcm-Øm\ t`tZl IzNnt®m `b-e£Wx, `n∂mln tZi\m `n∂ iq\yXm Zzbe-£Wm. ZzmZ-im-b-X-\-]qPm t{ib-kvI-coXn
_u≤m-a-\yt¥'
3. AcvYm\p ]mcvPy _lpxim- Zzm-Zi-b-X\m-\nssh ]cnXx ]qP-\o-bm\n Ina-ss\y-cnl
]qPnX.x
313
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
4. ⁄mt\-{µn-bmWn ]ss©h bYm-Icvta{µn-bm-WnN, at\m-_p≤ncnXn t{]m‡w ZzmZim-b-X\w _pss[.x
A¿∞w:˛ 1. ⁄m\n-Ifpw hnc-‡cpw Poh∑p‡cpw temI-\m-Y-cp-amb _p≤mZn Xo¿∞-¶-c∑m-cpsS XØz-kz-cq-]-sa-s¥-∂-dn-bp-∂-h-cpsS,
`n∂ hkvXp-°-fpsS D]-tZiw \evIp-∂-h-cpsS
hfsc hyXykvXhpw hnhn-t[m-]m-b-ß-fm¬ ]db-s∏-´-Xp-amb D]-tZ-i-ßƒ kzoI-cn-°-Ww.
2. hfsc Kwò-chpw {]kn-≤-t`-Z-ß-fm¬ ]db-s∏-´Xpw Kp]vXhpw, \yq\-e-£Wbp‡-hpambn apºp ]d-b-s∏-´-hbpw Bb Kpcq]-tZ-ißsf a\\w sNø-Ww.
3. ZzmZ-im-b-X\ ]qP tam£-Z-bm-sW∂v
_u≤¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. AXn-\p-th≠n [\hpw
]Zm¿Y- ß fpw Hcp°n ZzmZ- i m- b - X - \ - ß ƒ
]{¥≠v ÿm\-hn-ti-j-ßƒ D≠m°n k¿h{]- I m- t c- W bpw ]qPn- ° - W w. a‰p ]qP- I ƒ
sIm≠v {]tbm-P\sam∂pw C√.
4. Ch-cpsS ZzmZ-im-b-X-\-]qP CXmWv:˛
sNhn, Xz°v, IÆv, \m°v, aq°v F∂o A©v
⁄mt\-{µnb-ßƒ, hmb, ssI, Imev, Kptly{µn-bw, D]-tÿ-{µnbw F∂o I¿ta-{µn-b-ßƒ
_p≤n a\kv F∂n-hsb kXvI-cn-°-Ww. AXmbXv Chsb B\-µ-Øn¬ {]mhr-Ø-am-°-Ww.
CXym-Zn-bmWv _u≤-a-Xw.
ZpxJ-am-sW-¶n¬ {]hrØn F¥n\v?
temI-sa√mw ZpxJ-cq-]-am-sW-¶n¬ ChnsS
Pohn-If
- psS {]h¿Ø-\s
- am∂pw D≠m-Ic
- p-Xm-bncp-∂p. temIØv Pohn-If
- psS {]h¿Ø\w {]Xy£-am-I-bm¬ kwkmcw -Zpx-J-cq-]-a-s√∂v hcp∂p. CXn¬ kpJhpw ZpxJhpw D≠v. _u≤¿
]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse BsW-¶n¬ `£-W-]m-\ob-ßƒ Ign-°p-∂Xpw ]Yym-N-c-Whpw Huj-[tk-h-\hpw sNbvXv icocw kwc-£n-°p-∂-Xn¬
kpJw A\p-`h
- n-°p-∂Xpw F¥n-\mWv? Rßƒ
{]hr-Ø-cm-Ip-s∂-¶nepw CXp ZpxJw Xs∂bmWv F∂p ]d- b p∂ ]£w, CXp kw`hytabs√-∂m-Wp-Ø-cw. F-s¥-∂m¬ Poh≥
kpJ-sas¥∂-dn™v {]hr-Ø-am-hp-Ibpw ZpxJsa-s¥-∂-dn™v \nhr-Ø-am-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
temI-Øn¬ [¿a-{In-bI
- ƒ, hnZy k’wKw apXemb t{ijvT-{]-hr-Øn-I-sf√mw -kp-J{]Zß-fmWv. _u≤-∑m-c-√msX, temI-Øn¬ hnZzm-∑m-
cmcpw CXv ZpxJ-Nn-”-ambn Icp-Xp-∂n√.
Cu A©p kvI‘-ßƒ Xo¿Øpw A]q¿Wam-Wv. Cßs\ Htcm kvI‘-ßƒ D≠m-°nbm¬ Hmtcm-∂n\pw At\Iw ]ncn-hp-Iƒ D≠m°m-hp-∂-XmWv. _u≤¿ Xo¿Y-¶-c-∑msc D]tZ-jvSm-°fpw temI-\m-Y-∑mcpw Bbn ImWp∂p. \mY-\m-Y-\mb ]c-amflm-hns\ -kzo-I-cn-°p∂n√. Cu Xo¿∞¶-c-∑m¿°v D-]-tZiw -\-evInb-Xm-cmWv? kzbw ⁄m\-ap≠mbn F∂m-sW¶n¬ AXv Akw-`-hy-am-Wv. Imc-W-an-√msX
Imcy- a p- ≠ m- h p- I - b n- √ . kzbw ⁄m\{]m]vXnbp≠m-Ip-sa-¶n¬ hnZym-`ymkw sNømsXbpw hnZzm≥am-cp-ambn kwk¿§w IqSm-sXbpw
Ah-cn¬ [mcmfw hnZzm≥am¿ D≠m-Im-Ø-sX¥m- W v ? Aßs\ D≠m- I p- ∂ n- s √- ¶ n¬ C∏d™Xpw k∂n-]m-X-Pz-c-°m-cs‚ Ak-Xyhpw
bp‡n-c-ln-XhpwBb ]n®pw t]bpw ]pe-ºem-Wv. D≈ hkvXp Hcn°epw iq\y-a-√. shdpw
kq£va-cq-]sØ {]m]n-°¬ am{Xta kw`-hn°p-∂p-≈p. AXn-\m¬ Cu kn-≤m-¥hpw bp‡n`{Z- a - √ . _u≤- c psS iq\y- c q- ] m- s sZzX 21
XtØzm-]-tZ-ihpw icn-b-√. D≈ hkvXp Hcn°epw iq\y- a - √ . kqjv a - I m- c - W - c q- ] - a m- I mhp∂XmWv. A-Xn-\m¬ Cu {]kvXm-hhpw icnb-√. {Zthym-]m¿P\wsIm≠v ap≥]d™ ZzmZim-b-X\]qP -sN-øm-sa-¶n¬ ]Øp {]mW≥,
]Xn-s\m-∂m-asØ Pohm-Xvamhv F∂n-hsb
F¥p-sIm≠v ]qPn-°p-∂n√? C{µn-bß
- ƒ A¥xI-cWw F∂n-hsb ]qPn-®m¬ tam£w e`n-°psa∂p hniz-kn-°p∂ _u≤-∑m¿°pw hnj-bmk-‡¿°pw XΩn-se-¥mWv t`Zw? hnj-b-ßfn¬ \n∂p ap‡n- b n- s √- ¶ n¬ ]ns∂- ¥ mWv
314
21. \ho\ thZm-¥-Øns‚ BZn-{]-hm-N-I-\mb i¶-cmNm-cy-cpsS Kpcp-hns‚ Kpcp-hmb KuU-]m-Z¿ _u≤kn-≤m-¥-ßfn¬ {]`m-hn-X-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Ch-cpsS iq\yhm-Z-Øn\v sshZn-I-cq]w \¬In AssZz-X-hm-Z-Øn\v
Poh≥ sImSp-ØX
- t- ±-la
- m-Wv. At±-lØ
- ns‚ amWvUpIy-Im-cn-I-bnse ]e Imcn-I-Ifpw A¿Y-]-c-amtbm
i_vZ]
- c
- a
- mtbm _u≤-{K-Ÿß
- f
- n¬ D≠v. i¶-cm-Nm-cycpsS `mjy-ß-sfm-gn-hm-°n-s°m≠v CXv A[y-b\w
sNbvXm¬, KuU-]m-Zm-Nm-cy¿ _p≤s‚ henb `‡-\m-bn-cp-s∂∂p {Kln-°mw. kmwJy-{]-h-N-\-`m-jy-Im-c\mb hn⁄m-\-`n£p \ho\ thZm-¥n-Isf {]—-∂_u-≤-sc∂p hnfn-®Xv shdp-tX-b-√. kmwJy-{]-h-N\
`mjy-Øns‚ XpS-°-Øn¬ ]Zva-]p-cm-W-Øn¬\n∂v
GXm\w t«mI-ßƒ ]I¿Øn-bn-´p-≠v. AXn-semcp
t«mIm¿≤-amWv ambm-hmZw AkZv imkv{Xw {]—∂w
_u≤-tah N F∂-Xv.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
ap‡n? Ch¿ kz¥w Ahn-Zysb h¿≤n∏n®Xn\v
kam-\-amb DZm-l-cWw as‰ßpw Xs∂ C√.
\n›-b-ambpw thtZ-iz-c\nµ sNbvX-Xns‚
ê-am-Wn-h¿°p Inń-bXv. H∂m-aXv Hcn-°epw
temI-sa√mw ZpxJ-]q¿W-am-sW∂v k¶-ev]n-®p.
]n∂oSv ZzmZ-im-b-X\ ]qP kwL-Sn-∏n®p. ap‡n
-\-evI-Ø-°-hÆw Cu ZzmZ-im-b-X\ ]qP-bnse
hkvXp-°ƒ temI-_m-ly-amtWm? IÆ-S®v
cXv\w sXc-™mtem s-- X-c-bm-\m-{K-ln-®mtem
B¿°m\pw cXv\w In´ptam? thZw Cuiz-c≥
F∂n-hsb \ntj-[n-°p∂ Ch-cpsS tIfo-hnemkw Cßs\bmbn-t∏m-bn. kpJ-am-{K-ln-°ps∂-¶n¬ thZ-sØbpw Cuiz-c-s\bpw B{ibn®v -kz¥w P∑w k^-e-am-°p-I.
hnthI hnem-k-Ønse _u≤-kn-≤m¥w"hnth-I-hn-emk'Øn¬ -_u-≤-aXsØ∏‰n
Cß-s\-sbgp-Xp∂p:--˛
1. _u≤\mw kpK-tXm-tZthm hniz©
£W-`w-Kp-cav Bcy-k-Xzm-Jybm XØz-N-XpjvS-b-anZw {Iam-Xv.
2. ZpxJ-am-b-X\w ssNh XXx kap-Ztbm
aXx, amcvK-t›-Xyky N hymJym {ItaW
{iqb-Xm-aX.x
3. ZpxJ kwkmcnW kvI‘m-kvtXN ]©{]-IocvØnXmx, hn⁄m\w thZ\m kw⁄m
kwkvImtcm cq]-ta-hN.
4. ]t©-{µn-bmWn i_vZmhm hnjbm ]©am-\-kav, [cvam-b-X-\-ta-Xm\n ZzmZ-im-b-X-\m\n-Xp.
5. cmKm-Zo\mw KtWmbx kym’-ap-tZXn
\rWmw lrZn. Bflm-flob kz`m-hmJyx k
kym’-ap-Zbx ]p\x
6. £WnImx kcvh-kw-kvImcm CXnbm
hmk-\m-ÿncm k amcvK CXn hnt⁄b kNtamt£mf`n[obtX
7. {]Xy-£m-\p-am\w N {]amWw ZznXobw
XYm, NXpx {]ÿm-\nIm _u≤mx- JymXm
ssh`m-jn-Im-Zbx
8. AcvtYm ⁄m\m-\zntXm ssh`m-jntIW -_-lp-a-\ytX, ku{Xm-¥n-tI\ -{]-Xy£-{Km-tlyfcvtYm \ _lncvaXx
9. BImc klnXm _p≤n-tcym-Km-Nm-cky
kwaXm, tIhemw kwhnZw kzÿmw a\yt¥
a[yamx ]p\x
10. cmKm-Zn-⁄m\ k¥m\ hmk\mt—Z
kw`hm NXpcv W m- a - ] n- _ u- ≤ m\mw ap‡ntcjm {]IocvXnXm
11. IrØnx Ia-WvU-epcvauWvUyw Nocw
]qcvhm-”-t`m-P-\av, kwtLm c‡mw-_-cXzw
N in{iotbm _u≤-`n-£p`nx 22
1. -_u-≤-cpsS kpK-X-tZ-h-\mb _p≤-`-K-hm\mWv ]qPy-tZ-h≥. PKØv £W-`w-Kp-c-am-Wv.
Bcy- ] p- c p- j , Bcy- k v { Xo, XØzßfpsS
BJym\w (kw-⁄m-Zn-{]-kn-≤n) Cu \memWv
_u≤¿ AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ.
2. Cu PKØv kpJ-ZpxJ kΩn-{i-am-Wv.
icocw ZpxJ-Øns‚ Krl-am-Wv. XZ-\-¥cw kapZbw AYhm cmKm-Zn-I-fp-≠m-Ip-∂p. ]n∂oSv
am¿Khpw. CXns‚ {Ia- a mb hymJym\w
tIƒ°p-I.
3. temI-Øn¬ ZpxJ-tabp-≈p. apºp ]d™
]©-kvI-‘-ßƒ 23 Adn-bp-I.
4. ]©- ⁄ m- t \- { µn- b - ß ƒ, Ah- b psS
i_vZmZn hnj-b-ß-f©v, a\-kv (_p≤n AYhm
A¥x- I - c - W w) [¿a- Ø ns‚ ÿm\w F∂o
]{¥≠v Bb-X-\-ßƒ.
5. a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-Øn¬ cmK-tZz-jmZn-I-fp-≠mIp-∂Xv kap-Zbw, Bflmhv, Bflm-hns\ kw_‘n-®Xv, kz`mhw F∂nh BJym. CXn¬\n∂v
ho≠pw kap-Zb-ap-≠m-Ip-∂p.
6. F√m kwkv I m- c hpw £Wn- I - a mWv .
hmk\ ÿnc- a m- I p- ∂ - X mWv _u≤- a m¿Kw.
AXp-Xs∂, iq\y-X-Øzw˛iq-\y-cq]w˛B-Ip-∂Xt{X tam£w.
7. _u≤¿ {]Xy-£w, A\p-am\w F∂o {]amW-ßƒ am{Xta ssIs°m-≈p-∂p-≈q. ssh`mjnIw ku{Xm-¥n-Iw,- tbm-Km-Nmcw, am[y-anIw
F∂n-ßs\ Ch¿ \mep {]Im-c-Øn-ep-≠v.
8. Ch-cn¬ ssh`m-jn-I¿ ⁄m\Øn¬ D≈
A¿Y-Øns\ s]mcp-fmbn KWn-°p-∂p. Fs¥∂m¬ ⁄m\-Øn¬ C√m-ØXv D≈Xm-sW∂v
315
22. hnth-I-hn-emkw 8, 265-˛267 k¿h-Z¿i-\-kw-{K-lw-˛_u-≤-Z¿i\w t]Pv 46-˛47 D≤r-Xw.
23. t]Pv 635 t\m°p-I.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
kn≤- ] p- c p- j - ∑ m¿°v AwKo- I - c n- ° m≥ hø.
ku{Xm¥n-I¿ {]Xy£ ]Zm¿∞w AI-ta-bmWv, ]pd-ta-b√ F∂p kn≤m-¥n-°p-∂p.
9. BIm-c-kln-Xhpw hn⁄m-\-bp-‡-hpamWv _p≤n-sb∂ kn≤m-¥-°m-cmWv tbmKmNm- c ¿. am[y- a n- I - c m- I s´ Xßfn- e - S - ß p∂
⁄m\sØ am{X-a√msX ]Zm¿∞sØ AwKoI-cn-°p-∂n-√.
10. cmKm-Zn-⁄m\ {]hm-l-Øns‚ hmk\
\in-°p-tºmƒ D≠m-Ip-∂-XmWv ap-‡n-sb∂v
\mep _u≤cpw ]d-bp-∂p.
11. arK-N¿aw, Ia-Wv-U-ep, apWvU\w, hevIe-h-kv{Xw, ]q¿hm-”-Øn¬ 12 aWn-°p-apºv ˛
`£Ww, H‰bv ° p ]m¿°mbv I (kwLw)
Nph∂ h-kv{X-[m-cWw Ch-sb-√m-amWv _u≤k-\ym-kn-I-fpsS e£-Ww.
DØcw:˛ _u≤-cpsS kpK-X-_p-≤≥ am{XamWv tZh-s\-¶n¬ At±-l-Øns‚ Kpcp Bcmbn-cp∂p? hnizw £W-`w-Kp-c-am-sW-¶n¬ B
hkvXp Xs∂ C√m-Xm-Ipw. ]ns∂ F¥ns‚
kv a cW- b m- W p- ≠ m- h pI? £Wn- I - h m- Z - a mWv
_u≤--am¿K-sa-¶n¬ Ch-cpsS ap‡nbpw £W`w-Kp-c-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. ⁄m\-bp-‡-amb A¿YamWv {Zhy-sa-¶n¬ PU-{ZhyØnepw ⁄m\w
D≠m-bn-cn-°Ww Ah-bpsS Ka-\m-Zn-{In-b-Iƒ
F¥nem-kv]-Zn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. shfn-bn¬ Zriy-amIp- ∂ Xv Fß- s \- b mWv anYy- b m- I p- ∂ Xv ?
_p≤nbv°v BIm-c-ap-s≠-¶n¬ AXvZr-iy-am-tI≠-Xm-Wv. tIhew ⁄m\ta Bflm-hn-ep≈q
F¶n¬˛]-Zm¿Yßsf AwKo-I-cn-°msX AhbpsS ⁄m\sØ am{Xw AwKo- I - c n°p∂]£w Adn-tb≠ ]Zm¿∞w C√msX
AXns‚ Adnhv D≠m-hp∂tXb-√. hmk-\m\m- i - a mWv ap‡n- s b- ¶ n¬ kp- j p- ] v X n- b pw
apIvXnbm-I-Ww. CsX√mw hnZym-hn-cp-≤-ß-fmI-bm¬ Xnc-kvI-c-Wo-b-am-Wv.
Cßs\ kwt£-]-ambn
_p≤-a-XtØ∏‰n hnh-cn-®p.
_p≤n-am-∑mcpw Nn¥m-i-‡-cp-am-b-h¿ ChcpsSaXhpw Adnhpw F¥m-sW∂v
a\- n-em-°-s´. Ch-sb√mw ssP\cpw
AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p.
ssP\aXw
C\n _u≤-˛-ssP-\-a-X-ßfpsS h¿W-\-bmhmw. {]I-c-W-c-Xv\m-Icw H∂mw `mK-Øn-s\∏‰n \b-N-{I-km-c-Øn¬ 24 C{]-Imcw Fgp-Xp∂p.
""ka-b-t`-Z-a-\p-k-cn®v _u≤¿ \ho-\-Xsb
Bkv ] - Z - a m°n BIm- i w, Imew, Poh≥,
]pZvKew F∂o \mev {Zhy-ßsf kzoI-cn-°p∂p. ssP\¿ [¿am- k v X n- I m- b w, A[- ¿ amkvXnImbw, BIm-im-kvXnImbw. ]pZvKe
- m-kvXnImbw, Pohm-kvXn-Imbw, Imew F∂n-ßs\
Bdp {Zhy-ß-sfbpw kzoI-cn-°p-∂p. CXn¬
Ime-Øns\ AkvXn-Im-b-ambn KWn-°p-∂n√.
Hu]- N m- c n- I - a mbn AsXmcp {Zhy 25 amsW∂√msX hmkv X - h - Ø n- e - √ m- Ø - X mWv
ImcWw.''
Ah- b n¬ 1. [¿am- k v X n- I mbw ˛ KXn- ] cnWman-Xz-Øm¬ ]cn-Wm-asØ {]m]n-°p∂
Poh\pw ]pZvK-e-hpw KXn-bpsS kmao-]y-Øm¬
kvXw`n-°p-∂-Xns‚ "tlXp'hn\v [¿amkvXn-Imb-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂p-. AXv AkwJyw {]tZ-i-ßfn¬ ]cn-am-W-ßfn¬, temI-ßfn¬ hym]n-®ncn-°p-∂p. 26
2. A[¿am-kvXn-Imbw ˛ ÿnc-X-bm¬ ]cnWm-an-bm-bn-´p≈ Poh≥, ]pZvKew F∂n-h-bpsS
ÿnXnbv°v B{i-b-tlXphmWn-Xv. 27
3. BIm-im-kvXn-Imbw˛ F√m {Zhy-ßƒ°pw
B[m-c-hpw, Ah-lm-K\w {]th-i\w \njv{IaWw BZn-bmb -{InbIƒ sNøp∂ Poh˛-]p-ZvK-e-ßƒ°v {Inb-Iƒ sNøm≥ tlXp-hp-am-bncn-°p-∂-Xns‚ t]cm-Wn-Xv. CXv k¿h-hym-]nbm-Wv. 28
4. ]pZvK-em-kvXn-Imbw ˛ ImcW cq]-amb
316
24. \b-N{- I-kmcw {]I-cW
- c
- X
- v\m-Im-cØ
- ns‚ SoI-bm-Wv.
25. X{X-]©
- m\mw {]tZ-i]
- n-WvUX
- zmXv AkvXn-Im-bXzw
Ime-ky-{]-tZim `mhmXv AkvXn-Im-bXm \mkvXn,
X{X Ime D]-Nm-c-ssX-bh {Zhyav \ hkvXp hrXym
({]-I-c-W-c-Xv\m-Icw 177)
26. X{X KXn ]cn-W-Xm\mw Poh-]p-ZvK-em\mw KXyp]jvSw ` tlXpcv [cvam-kvXn-Imbx k Nmkw-tJyb
{]tZ-i-temI {]tZi ]cnamWx (Sn 178)
27. ÿnXn ]cn-WXm\mw Poh-]p-ZvKe
- m\w ÿnXyp-]jvSw
`tl-Xp-c-[cvam-kvXn-Imbx k Nm kwtJyb {]tZ-itemI ]cn-amWx (Sn 178)
28. k¿h-{Z-hym-Wm-am-[mc `qtXm f hKm-lI
- Xz `mhm\mw
Poh ]pZvK-em\mw Ah-Km-tlm-]jvSw Ì BIm-imkvXn-Imbx. kNm-\¥
- {- ]-tZtim temIm-temI ]cn-amWx
(Sn 178)
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
kq£va˛\nXy GI- c k ˛h¿W- K - ‘ - ˛ kv]¿i˛Imcy-en-MvKhpw hf-cpI \in-°pI
F∂o kz`m-h-bp-‡-amWnXv. 29
5. PohmkvXnImbw ˛ tNX\m e£-W-bp‡hpw, ⁄m\ Z¿i-\-ß-fpsS B{i-bhpw
A\¥- ] - c ym- b - ß - f m¬ ]cn- W - a n- ° p- ∂ Xpw
I¿Ømhpw t`m‡mhpw BWn-Xv. 30
6. Imew˛ Cu A©v AkvXn-Im-b-ß-fpsS
]cXzw A]-c-Xzw, \ho-\-X, {]mNo-\-X F∂o
Nn”-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw {]kn≤ h¿Ø-am\
cq]-]-cym-b-ß-fm¬ bp‡-hp-am-Wn-Xv. 31
kao-£-I≥ ˛ \mep {Zhy-ßƒ {]Xn-£Ww
]pXp-a-bm¿Pn-°p-sa∂ _u≤-hmZw I≈-am-Wv.
BImiw, Imew, Poh≥, ]c-amWp F∂nh Hcn°epw ]pXn- b tXm ]g- b tXm Bhp- I - b n- √ .
Fs¥-∂m¬ Ch Ahn-\m-inbpw Imc-Wc
- q-]hpw
A\m-Zn-bp-am-Wv. ]ns∂-ßs\ Ch-bn¬ ]pXpabpw ]g-°hpw hcpw?
AXp-t]mse ssP\n-If
- psS hnizm-khpw icnb-√. [¿am-[¿a-ßƒ KpW-am-Wv, {Zhy-a-√. Ch
c≠pw Pohm-kvXn-Im-b-Øn¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p.
AXn-\m¬ BImiw, ]c-am-Wp, Poh≥, Imew
F∂n-hsb {Zhy-ambn Icp-Xn-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ icnbm-bn-cp-∂p.
sshti-jn-IØ
- n¬ HºXv {Zhyßƒ ]d-™ncn-°p∂XmWv icn. ]rYnhn apX-emb ]©-XXz-ß-ƒ Imew, Zn°v, Bflm-hv, a\-kv, F∂o
HºXv {]tXyI ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ \n›n-X-am-bn-cn°p-∂p. Pohs\ am{Xw tNX-\-ambn Icp-XpIbpw Cuiz-cs\ kzoI-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂Xv ssP\-˛-_u-≤-cpsS sX‰mb, ]£]m-X-P-\y-amb Imcy-am-Wv.
k]vX-`-MvK-ßfpw kymZvhm-Zhpw
_u≤cpw ssP\cpw AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ k]vX29. GI-ck
- h
- cvWK
- t‘m Zznkv]cvix ImcyenMvKoN ]qcW-K-e\ kz`mh ]pZvK-em-kvXn-Imbx k N ]c-am-Wpcq]x (Sn 178) CXns‚ `mjm-¥cw Cß-s\-bm-hWw ˛
GXn¬ GI- c - k - h ¿W- K - ‘ - ß - f p- t ≠m, c≠p- X cw
kv]¿i-ap-t≠m, Imcyw GXns‚ Nn”-am-bn-cn-°p-∂pthm
hf-cp-I, \in°pI F∂nh kz`m-h-am-bn-cn-°p-∂pthm
AXt{X ]pZvKe
- m-kvXn-Im-bw. ]c-am-Wp-cq-]a
- m-WX
- v.
30. tNX\m e£-tWm-Pohx tNX\m N ⁄m\-Z¿i-t\m]- t bmKo A\¥ ]cymb ]cn- W man I¿XrI
t`mIvXrXzmZn e£tWm Pohm-kvXn-Imbx (Sn 179)
31. ]©m-kvXn-Im-bm\mw, ]c-Xzm-]-ctXz \h ]pcm-Wm-ZnenMvK hy‡-hr-Øn-hcvØcq] ]cymbx Imex (Sn, 180)
`wKn kymZvhmZw F∂n-h-sb-∏‰n ]d-bmw.
H∂m-asØ `MvKw "k≥LSx' BWv. IpSw
AXns‚ h¿Ø- a m- \ - X - t bmSp IqSn- b - X m- W v .
AXm-bXv IpS-ap-≠v. IpS-Øns‚ A`m-h-Øn\p
hncp-≤-am-Wn-Xv.
c≠m-at- ØXv "Ak≥LSx'. IpSw C√. H∂ma-tØXv IpSØns‚ D◊. CXv IpS-Øns‚ C√mbva-bm¬ c≠mw `MvK-am-bn.
aq∂m-at- Ø-XmWv "k∂-k∂
- L
- Sx'. CXv IpSam-Wv, F∂m¬ ap≠-√. IpS-Øn-s‚ D◊bpw
ap≠ns‚ C√m-bvabpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂p.
\mem- a - t ØXv ˛ LtSm-f LSx. IpS- a mWv
F∂m¬ AIp-S-hp-amWv. IpS-Øn¬ as‰m-∂ns‚
A`mhw D≠v. AXns\ ap≥\n¿Øn ˛A-`mhw
\nanØw ˛ IpSa√ F∂pw ]d-bp-∂p. Hcp-an®v
AXn\v c≠pt]cv, LSw, ALSw D≠m-Ip-∂p.
A©ma-tØXv ˛ IpS-Øns\ ]S-sa∂p ]db-cp-Xv. IpS-Øn¬ IpSXzw hy‡w. ]SXzw
Ahy‡w. BZy- t ØXv hy‡hyw at‰Xv
Ah‡hyw.
Bdm-at- ØXv ˛ LS-a√
- m-ØX
- ns\ LS-sa∂p
]d-bc
- p-Xv. IpSw I≠m¬ IpS-am-sW∂p ]d-bmw.
]Sw IpS-amWv F∂p ]d-b-cp-Xv.
Ggm-a-tØXv ˛ ]d-bm≥ CjvS-ap-s≠-¶nepw
B hkvXp AX-√m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-XmWv k]vX-`MvKw.
-C-Xp-t]mse ˛
1. kymZkvXn Pothmfbw CXn {]Ytam `MvKx
2. kym∂mkvXn Pothm ZznXotbm `MvKx
3. kymZ-h‡
- thym Poh kvXrXotbm `MvKx 32
4. kymZkvXn \mkvXn cqt]m Pohx›XpcvtYm
`MvKx
5. kymZkvXn N Ah-‡thym Pohx ]©tam
`MvKx
6. kym∂mkv X n N Ah- ‡ thym Pohx
jjvtTm `MvKx
7. kymZkvXn \mkvXn N Ah-‡thym Pohx
CXn k]vXtam `MvKx
1. Poh≥ F∂p ]d- b p- t ºmƒ Poh- \ n¬
317
32. ChnsS 3˛Dw 4 Dw At\ym\yw amdn-t∏m-bn-´p-≠v. kymZkvXn-\m-kvXn-cqt]m Poh-kvXr-Xo-tbm-`-MvKx, kymZ-h‡thym Poh-›-Xp¿tYm-`MvKx F∂p htc-≠-Xm-Wv.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Poh\p hncp- ≤ - a mb PU- ] - Z m¿∞- ß fpsS
A`mhw F∂Xv H∂mw `MvK-am-Wv.
2. Poh≥ PU-Øn-e√ F∂ {]kvXm-h-hp-ap≠m-Ip∂p. CXv c≠mw `MvK-am-Wv.
3. Poh≥ ]d-bØ
- °
- X
- √. CXv aq∂mw `MvKw.
4. "Poh≥ icocw [cn-°ptºmƒ {]kn-≤\pw,
-i-cocw hnSp-tºmƒ A{]-kn-≤-\p-amWv' F∂p
]d-bp-∂Xv NXp¿Y`MvKw.
5. "Poh≥ D≠v, F∂m¬ h¿Wn-°m-hp-∂X
- √'
F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv ]©-a-`MvKw.
6. Poh≥ -{]-Xy-£-{]-amWw sIm≠v h¿Wn°m-hp-∂-X-√. AXn-\m¬ N£p- n\v {]Xy-£a√ F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv Bdmw `MvK-am-Wv.
7. Hcp kabw A\p-am-\{- ]-amWwsIm≠v Poh\p-s≠∂pw At∏mƒØs∂ AZr-iy-am-b-XpsIm≠pw Hcp-t]mse Ccn-°mØXpsIm≠pw,
{]Xn-£Ww ]cn-W-an-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw, AXp
t]mse Cu Poh≥ D≠v. C√; C√, D≠v .
F∂nß-s\-bp≈ hyh-lm-chpw ]mSn-√m-Ø-XmWv. CXmWv Ggmw `MvKw.
Cßs\ \nXy-Xz-k-]vX-`-MvKnbpw A\n-Xy-Xz]vX-`-MvKnbpw kmam\y[¿aw, hntij-[¿aw,
KpW]-cn-Wmaw F∂n-h-b-\p-k-cn®v {]bp-‡-amIp-∂p. 33 {Zhy, KpW, Icv a , kz`m- h - ß ƒ,
]cymb-ßƒ F∂n-hbv°v AXn-cn-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ k]vX`MvK-ßƒ°pw AXn-cn-√. 34 CXmWv
_u≤-ssP-\m-Zn-I-fpsS kymZzmZhpw k]vX`MvKn-\ym-b-hpw. 35
kao-£-I≥ ˛ Cu {]kvXm-h-sa√mw IqSn
At\ym-\y-`m-h-Øn¬ km[¿ay ssh[¿ay-ß-fp∂-bn®v km[n-°m-hp-∂-tX-bp-≈q. Cu kc-f-{]{Inb If™v ITn-\-cN\ \S-Øn-bXv A⁄m\n-Isf he-bn¬ hogvØm-\m-Wv. t\m°q ˛ Poh\n¬ AtN-X\
- Ø
- ns‚bpw AtN-X\
- Ø
- n¬ Pohs‚bpw A`mhw Dt≠-bp-≠v. Poh\pw PUhpw
h¿Øn-°p-∂h-bm-Ib
- m¬ AXn¬ km[¿ayhpw,
tNX-\hpw AtN-X\
- p-hp-am-Ib
- m¬ ssh[¿ayhpw
33.Ghw, \nXyXz k]vX-`MvKo A\n-XyXz k]vX-`wKn
Ghw kmam-\y-[¿amWmw hnti-j[
- ¿amWmw KpWm\mw
]cym-bmWmw {]tXyIw k]vX`- M
- vKo. ({]-Ic
- W cXv\mI-cw-˛193)
34.Ghw. ]©m-kvXn-Imtb {]Xy-kvXn-Im-ba
- \
- ¥
- x, k]vX`MvtKym `h¥n (Sn. 193)
35._u≤cv kym-Zzm-Zhpw k]vX-`-MvKn-\ym-bhpw AwKo-Icn-°p-∂n-√.
AXm- b Xv Poh- \ n¬ ssNX- \ y- Ø ns‚ ˛
"AkvXn' ˛ D◊bpw. PU-Øn¬ ˛ \mkvXn ˛
C√m-bvabpw D≠v. CXp-t]mse PU-Øn¬ PUXz-ap-≠v. tNX-\-Xz-an-√. CXp-sIm-≠v Kp-W-I¿a
kz`m- h - ß - f psS kam- \ - [ ¿ahpw, hncp- ≤ [¿ahpwNn- ¥ n®v Ch- b psSsb√mw kv ] X- ` Mv K nbpw kymZzm- Z hpw thKw {Kln- ° mhp∂XmWv. ]ns∂-¥n\o hf-®p-sI´v?
C\n ssP\-a-X-sØ-∏‰n am{Xw Fgp-Xmw.
1. NnZ-NnXv tZz ]tc XtØzhnth-I-kvX-Zznth-N-\av. D]m-tZ-b-ap-]m-tZbw tlbw tlbw
N IpcvhXx
2. tlbw ln IcvXr-cm-KmZn XZvImcy ahnth-In\x, D]m-tZbw ]cw tPymXn-cp-]t- bm-ssKI-e-£-W-av.
1. ssP\¿, NnXv ANnXv = tNX\w, PUw
F∂o ]c-X-Øzßsf am{Xw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p.
Ch-bpsS hnth-N-\-at{X hnthIw. kzoIm-cy-amb-Xns\ kzoI-cn®v. XymPy-ambhsb \ncm-I-cn°p-∂-bm-fmWv hnth-In.
2. PK-XvI¿Ømhnt\mSv cmKw.- P-KXv {kjvSmhp≠v F∂ hnizmkw F∂o Ahn-th-I-ßƒ
XyPn-°-Ww. tbmK-e-£n-Xhpw ]c-a-tPym-Xn-kzcq-]-hp-amb Pohs\ am{Xw kzocn-°-Ww.
Poh-s\-b-√msX as‰mcp tNX-\-X-Øz-amb
Cuizcs\ kzoI-cn-°p-∂n-√. A\m-Zn-kn-≤-amb
Cuiz-c-\n-s√-∂mWv _u≤-˛-ssP-\-cpsS hnizmkw.
_u≤˛ssP-\¿ H∂v ˛ cmPm-in-h-{]-kmZv
""CXn-lmkXnan-c\
- m-iI'' sa∂ {KŸ-Øn¬
cmPm-in-h-{]-kmZv Ch-tc-∏‰n Fgp-Xp-∂-Xn-{]-Imc-amWv ˛ "Ch¿°v c≠p-t]-cp-I-fp≠v. _u≤¿
F∂pw ssP\¿ F∂pw. Ch ]cym-b-]-Z-ß-fmWv. F∂m¬ _u≤cn¬ hma-am¿Kn-Ifpw aZyamw- k m- l m- c n- I - f p- a m- b - h - c p- ≠ v . Ch- t cmSv
ssP\¿°v hntcm-[-ap-≠v. F∂m¬ alm-ho-c≥,
KW- [ - c - \ mb KuX- a ≥ F∂nh- c psS t]cv
_u≤¿, _p≤≥ F∂p h®n-cn-°p-∂p. ssP\nIƒ KW[c≥ F∂pw Pn\-h-c≥ F∂pw''.
Ch-cn¬ ssP\-sc-∏‰n cmP-in-h-{]-kmZv CXnlm- k - X n- a nc- \ m- i \w aq∂mw - J - W v U - Ø n¬
Cßs\ Fgp-Xp-∂p ˛ Bbncw h¿jw apºv
Pohn- ® n- c p∂ i¶- c m- N m- c y¿°p apºv `mc- X -
318
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
h¿jw apgph\pw -_u-≤tcm ˛ ssP\tcm
BWp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv.
CXns\mcp Ipdn∏v:˛ _u≤-sa∂p ]d™
Xn\v. alm-ho-c-s‚bpw KW-[-c-Ku-X-as‚bpw
Imew apX¬ i¶cmNm-cycpsS Imew hsc `mcX-h¿j-sam-´msI {]N-cn-®n-cp∂ thZ-hn-cp≤ aXsa-∂mW-¿Yw. Atim-I-s‚bpw k{º-Xn-cm-Pmhns‚bpw aX-am-bn-cp∂nXv. CXn¬\n∂v ssP\¿
Hcp Xc-Ønepw Hgn-hm-Ip-∂n-√. Pn\-\n¬ \n∂v
ssP\hpw _p≤-\n¬ \n∂v _u≤hpw D≠mbn. c≠pw ]cym-b-]-Z-ßfm-Wv. \nL-≠p-°-fn¬
c≠n\pw Hc¿Yw ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. KuX-as\
Ccp-Iq-ćpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p. As√-¶n¬ "Zo]hwiw' apX-emb ]gb _u≤-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬
imIy-ap-\n-bmb KuX-a-_p-≤s\ almho-c≥
Fs∂-gp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂s
- X-¥n-\m-Wv? B ImeØv
c≠pw Hcp aX-am-bn-cp-∂n-cn-°-Ww. KuX-a-a-X°msc ssP\¿ Fs∂-gp-XmsX _u≤¿ F∂v
FgpXn-bXv A\y-tZ-i-°m¿ ssP\sc _u≤sc∂p hnfn-®p-t]m-∂-Xp-sIm≠p am{X-am-Wv.
AactImiw
Aa-c-tIm-i-Øn¬ 36 Cßs\ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn36. Aa-c-tIm-i-Im-c-\mb Aa-c-knw-ls‚ aXw ssP\tam, _u≤-tam, sshZn-Itam F∂ kwibw C∂pw
Xo¿∂n-ń-√. ]WvUn-X∑
- m¿°v Cu hnj-bØ
- n¬ sFIa-Xy-an-√. ae-bm-f-Ønse {]i-kvX-amb Aacw ]mc-taizco I¿Øm-hmb Sn.-kn. ]c-ta-iz-c≥ aq -Xv, Aa-cknw-l≥ ssP\-\m-sW∂ ]£-°m-c-\m-Wv. Aacw
]mc-ta-iz-cn°v ]WvUn-tXm-Nn-Xa
- mbn Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂
Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn¬ {io hS-°pw-Iq¿ cmP-cm-P-h¿Ω, Aac-knw-l≥ sshZnI {_m“-W\
- m-sW∂v kwi-bs
- at\y
{]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. sshZnI {_m“-Wc
- mWv ssP\cmbsX-∂I
- mcyw ad-°p-hm≥ ]mSn√. GXv aX-tØbpw
Dƒs°m-≈p-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ sshZn-I-a-X-Øns‚ A\pbm-bn-Iƒ, B Dƒs°m-≈¬ {]{In-b-°n-S-bn¬ ]c-aX-Øns‚ \ndw _p≤n-bnepw hrØn-bnepw {]I-Sn-∏n°pw. C∂pw ssP\-a-X-ß-fpsS kzm[o\w sshZn-I-aX-Øn¬ sImSn-IpØn hmgp-∂p-≠v. _u≤-˛-ssP-\¿
A`n-∂-cm-bn-cn-s°, Aa-c-knw-l≥ ssP\-\m-bmepw
_u≤-\m-bmepw Ipg-∏-an-√. At±lw ssP\-˛-_u-≤∑m-cpsS ISpØ kzo[o-\-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ {_m“-Wt\m
£{Xn-bt\m Bbn-cn-°m-\mWv hgn. "knwl' i_vZw
{_m“-W-\m-a-Øn¬ A°m-eØpw C∂pw {]Np-c-a√
F∂Xpw kvac-Wo-bw. C°m-eØv `mc-Xo-b-_p≤n
Bwt•m-C-¥y≥ _p≤n-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse A°meØv sshZn-I-_p-≤n, _u≤-\n-d-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Aac-tIm-i-Ønse t«mI-kwJy ]e-X-c-Øn-em-sW∂p
ImWmw. Aacw ]mc-ta-iz-cn-bn¬ Cu t«mI-kwJy 13˛14-˛15 BWv. Zbm-\-µ-a-l¿jn Aa-c-tIm-isØ {]mamWnI ]mTy-{K-Ÿ-ambn AwKo-I-cn-®n-ń-√.
°p-∂p. 1. k¿h-⁄x-kp-KtXm _pt≤m [cva
cmP-kvX-Ym-KXx, ka-¥-`t{Zm `K-h≥ amc-Pnt√m-I-Pn-÷nXx
2. jU`nt⁄m Zi-_temfZzb-hmZo hn\mbIx, ap\o{µx {io[\x imkvXm ap\nx imIyap-\nkvXp kx
3. k imIyknwlx kcv h mcv Y x kn≤x
iut≤m-Z-\n› kx KuX-a-›mcv°-_-‘p›
ambm-tZho kpX› kx (Aa-c-tImiw 1˛mw
ImWvUw, kz¿K-h¿Kx 8˛10)
t\m°q, _p≤≥, Pn\≥, _u≤\pw
ssP\\pw F√mw Htc t]c-t√? AtXm Aa-cknw-l\pw sX‰p ]‰n-t∏mtbm?
Ahn-Zzm∑mcmb ssP\¿ kz-¥hpw A\yhpw
A-dn-hn-√msX h√Xpw ]pe-ºn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
F∂m¬ , _p≤≥ Pn\≥, _u≤w ˛ ssP\w
F∂nh ]cym-b-]-Z-ß-fm-sW∂v hnZzm-∑m-cmb
ssP\¿°-dn-bmw.
at‰-Xm\pw ssP\ kn≤m-¥-ßƒ
Poh-\mWv Cuiz-c-\m-Ip-∂-Xv. Xo¿∞-¶c¿
ap‡n {]m]n-°p-Ibpw Cuiz-cc
- m-hp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. A\m-Zn-bmb Hco-iz-c-\n-√. k¿h-⁄≥,
hoX-cm-K≥, A¿l≥, -tI-heo, Xo¿∞w-Ir-X≥,
Pn\≥ F∂o-bmdpw \mkvXn-I-cpsS 37 tZh-∑mcpsS t]cm-Wv.
N{µ-kqcn F∂-bm-fns‚ "B]vX-\n-›-bm-e¶mcw' F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ Cßs\sbgp-Xp-∂p˛
1. kcvht⁄m hoX- c m- K mZn tZm- j kvss{XtemIy ]qPnXx, bYm-ÿn-XmcvY-hmZo
N tZthmfcvl≥ ]c-ta-izcx 38
CXp-Xs∂ sXuXm-Xn-X 39-∑mcpw Fgp-Xn-bncn-°p-∂p.
2. kcvht⁄m Zriy-tX -Xm-h-t∂-Zm\o
kvaZmZn`nx, ZrjvtSm \ ssNI-tZ-tifkvXn
enMvKw hmtbm\pfam-]-tbXv
319
37. \mkvXn-I-cpsS ˛ _u≤-ssP-\-cpsS
38. k¿h-Z¿i\ kw{K-lØ
- nse A¿lX Z¿i\w ˛ t]Pv
56-˛¬
39. XpXm-Xn-X≥ F∂Xv Ipam-cn-e-`-´s‚ thsdmcp t]cmWv. _u≤ ]cym-b-a-√. k¿h-Z¿i\ kw{K-l-Øn¬
(t]Pv 302) bmht¥m bmZr-iym-tbNm F∂ ImcnI
Ipam-cn-e`- ´- s‚ t«mI-hm¿Øn-IØ
- ns‚ 527-˛mw t]Pn¬
(Nu-Jw-_m-ko-co-kv, Imin) AXp-]Sn ImWmw. a‰t\Iw sXfn-hp-I-fp-≠n-Xn-\v.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
3. \NmK-a-hn[nx I›n-∂nXy kcvh⁄t_m-[Ix, \N X{Xm¿Y-hm-Zm\mw XmXv]-cya]n Iev]-tX.
4. \Nm-\ymcvY {][m-ss\-kvssX-kvX-ZkvXnXzw hn[o-btX, \Nm-\p-h-ZnXpw iIyx
]qcvh-a-ss\y-c-t_m-[n-Xx 40
1. cmKmZn tZmj-c-ln-X\pw {Xntem-I-ß-fnepw
]qPn-X\pw, bYm-hXv ]Zm¿Y-ßƒ ]d-bp-∂h\pw Bb A¿l-tZ-h≥ Xs∂-bmWv Cuizc≥.
2. Ct∏mƒ \mw Cuiz-cs\ ImWp-∂n-√.
AXn-\m¬ k¿h-⁄\pw A-\m-Zn-bp-amb Cuizc≥ {]Xy-£-\-√. {]Xy-£-{]-amWw tNcm-ØXp-sIm≠v A\p-am-\hpw tNcp-I-bn-√. Fs¥∂m¬ Hs´m-cwiw {]Xy-£-am-b-Xn¬ am{Xta
A\p-am\w tNcq. 41
3. {]Xy-£hpw A\p-am-\hpw Cs√-¶n¬
BKaw AXm-bXv \nXy\pw A\m-Znbpw k¿h⁄-\p-amb ]c-am-flmhv t_m[n-∏n® i_vZ-{]amWhpw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. aq∂p {]am-W-ßfpw
Cs√-¶n¬ A¿Y-hmZw AY-hm, kvXpXn, \nµ
]c- I r- X n- s b∂ ]c- N - c nX h¿W- \ , ]pcmIev]w 42 AYhm, CXn- l mkØns‚
XmXv]cyw F∂n-hbpw tNcm-Ø-Xm-hpw.
4. A\ym¿Y{][m\w AXm-bXv _lp{holn
kam-k-Øn-s\-t∏mse ]tcm-£-am-bpw ]c-am-flkn≤n D≠m-°m-hp-∂-X-√. At∏mƒ A\p-hmZw
˛ G‰p-]-d-®n¬ ˛ F∂Xpw Cu-iz-c-Im-cy-Øn¬
km[y-a√
- . D]-tZ-jvSm°-fn¬ \n∂p tIƒ°msX
G‰p ]d-bpI F∂Xv Duln-°m≥t]mepw Ignbp-I-bn-√. 43
40.k¿h Z¿i\ kw{K-l-Ønse A¿lX Z¿i\w t]Pv
56¬
41.XuXm-Xn¿ ˛ Ipam-cn-e-`-´s‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fmb aoamwk-Icpw k¿h⁄-\mb Cuiz-c-\n-s√∂ aX-°m-cp-amWv. Ah-cpsS k¿h⁄ JWvU-\m¿Y-am-Wo-t«mIw
XuXmXnX¿th-Zm-\p-bm-bn-I-fm-sW-¶nepw k¿h-⁄\mb Cuiz-cs\ kzoI-cn-°m-ØXp t]mse ssP\-cmb
Rßfpw kzoI-cn-°p-∂n-s√∂p XmXv]-cyw.
42.kvXpXncv\n-µm-]c
- I
- rXnx ]pcm-Iev] CXycvYh
- mZx (\ymbw-˛2-˛1-˛64)
43.ChnsS D≤r-X-amb A\ymcvY-{]-[mss\x F∂-Xns‚
A¿Yw Cß-s\-bmWv ˛ A\y-Xm-Xv]-cy-t_m-[-I-amb
GsX--¶nepw A¿Y-hm-Z-hm-Iy-Øn¬ k¿h⁄s‚
AkvXn-Xz-Øn\v A\p-hm-Za
- p-≠m-bmepw a‰-©p-{]-am-Wß-fm¬ At_m-[n-X-amb A¿Yw (k¿h-⁄-Xzw)
Ch-bpsS {]Xym-Jym\w AYhm JWvU\w
˛ A\m-Zn-bmb Cu-iz-c≥ Cs√-¶n¬ A¿l≥tZhs‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°-fp-tSbpw a‰pw ico-c-Øns‚
Icp Bcp-≠m°pw? kwtbmK I¿Øm-hns\
IqSmsX F√m Ah-b-h-ßfp-ap-≈Xpw btYmNnXw {-- ]-h¿Øn°p-∂-Xpamb Hcp icocw D≠m°m≥ km[y-ta-b-√. icocw \n¿ΩnX ambn-cn°p∂ -]-Zm¿Yßƒ PU-am-I-bm¬ A-hbv°v
DØ-a-c-N-\m-bp-‡-amb ico-c-am-bn-Øo-cm≥ Ignbp-∂X
- √
- . Fs¥-∂m¬ Ah-bn¬ D≠m-Im-\p≈
⁄m\-an-√. cmKmZn tZmj-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cn-°pIbpw ]n∂oSv Ah C√m-Xm-hp-Ibpw sNøp∂
Cuiz-c≥ Hcn-°epw Cuiz-c-\-√. Fs¥-∂m¬
GXp-\n-an-Ø-Øm¬ cmKm-Zn-I-fn¬ \n∂p ap‡nbp- ≠ m- I p- ∂ pthm AXv hns´m- g n- b p- t ºmƒ
AXns‚ Imcy- a mb ap‡n- b n- √ m- X mIpw.
Aßs\ B ap‡n A\n-Xy-amIpw. Aev]hpw
Aev]-⁄-hpw BbXv Hcn-°epw k¿hhpw
k¿h-⁄hpw Bhp-I-bn-√. Pohs‚ kzcq]w
GI-tZ-in-bpw, KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ßƒ ]cn-anXhpw BWv. AXv F√m hnZy-I-fn-epw F√m
hn[-Ønepw bYm¿∞ h‡m-hm-Ip-Ib
- n-√. AXn\m¬ \nß-fpsS Xo¿Y-¶-c≥ Hcn-°epw Cuizc-\-√.
]c-am-flmhv ˛ tbmK-Øn¬ {]Xy-£w
\nßƒ {]Xy-£-am-b-Xns\ am{Xta hnizkn-°p∂p≈pthm? A{]-Xy-£sØ hniz-kn°nt√? ImXp-sIm≠v cq]hpw IÆp-sIm≠v -i_vZhpw {Kln-°m-\m-Im-Ø-Xp-t]mse A\mZnbmb ]c-am-flm-hns\ Z¿in-°p-∂-Xn\v C{µnb-ßƒ ka¿Y-a√
- . ip≤m-¥xI-cW
- hpw hnZybpw
tbmKm-`ymkhpwsImt≠ ]hn-{Xm-flm-hn\v ]cam-flm-hns\ Z¿in-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q. ]Tn°msX hnZy-bpsS {]tbm-P-\-ßƒ e`n-°m-ØXp- t ]mse tbmKm- ` ym- k hpw hn⁄m- \ hpw
320
Fßs\ A\p-hmZw sNøm-\mIpw? Fs¥-∂m¬ kn≤n®-Xns‚ A\p-hmZw am{X-ta-bp-f-hm-Iq. al¿jn _lp{holn kamkw \n¿t±-in-®Xpw icn-bm-Wv. _lp-{holn-bn¬ ]Xn-X-]¿Wx F∂p-]-d-™m¬ Ce-ho-WXv
F∂¿Yw. hr£-amWv ChnsS hnh-£. Ce-sIm-gn™Xv Ce sImgn-®n¬ F∂n-h-b-√msX as‰m-∂ns\
{Kln-°-bm-Wn-hnsS sNøp-∂-Xv. AXp-t]mse ]tcm£-`q-Xa
- mb ]c-am-flm-hnse ]c-a˛- B
- flm F∂n-hb
- psS
kmam- \ ym¿Y- Ø n¬ \n∂- \ y- a mb H∂ns\ {Kln°mtam? ]Xn-X-]¿Wxbn¬ hmNy-hkvXp {]Xy-£-amWv. F∂m¬ ]c-am-flm-hn¬ AX-ß-s\-b-√.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
C√msX ]c-am-flm-hns\ ImWm\pw Bhp-Ibn-√.
`qan-bpsS cq]mZn KpW-ßƒ am{Xw I≠dn™v `qan-bp-s≠∂v {]Xy--£-ambn Xn´-s∏-SpØp-∂-Xp-t]mse Cuiz-cs‚ cN-\m-hn-ti-jßfmb Nn”ßƒ krjvSn-bn¬ I≠p-sIm≠v
]c-am-flm-hns\ {]Xy-£-am-°mw. ]m]m-N-cWw
sNøm≥ XpS-ßp-tºmƒ AI-ta\n-∂p≠m-Ip∂
`bhpw i¶bpw e÷bpw A¥-cym-an-bmb ]cam- fl mhp \nanØap≠m- I p- ∂ - X m- W v . CXpsIm≠pv ]camflmhv {]Xy-£-am-Ip-∂p. ]ns∂
A\p- a m- \ - a p- s ≠- ∂ - X nse¥mWp kwibw?
{]Xy-£hpw A\p-am-\hpw kn≤n-°p∂tXmSpIqSn BK-ahpw kn≤n-°p-∂p. AXv \nXy\pw
A\m-Znbpw k¿h-⁄\
- p-amb Cuiz-c≥ t_m[n∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ i_vZ-{]-am-Whpw
Cuiz-c-\n-em-Wv. aq∂p {]am-W-ß-fm¬ Cuizcs\ Adn- b m≥ Poh\p Ign- b p- ∂ p- s h- ¶ n¬
A¿Yhm- Z hpw ˛ KpW- { ]- i wk sNbvXv
hmgvØ¬˛icn-bmbn tNcpw. Fs¥-∂m¬ \nXy]-Zm¿∞-ß-fpsS KpW-I¿a kz`m-hhpw \nXyam-bn-cn°pw. Ahsb {]iw-kn-°p-∂-Xn¬ {]Xn_-‘-sam-∂p-an-√.
a\p-jy-cpsS {]hr-Øn-If
- n¬ t]mepw I¿Ømhn-√msX Hcp Imcyhpw \S-°p-I-bn-√m-Ø-Xpt]mse Cu alZvIm-cyhpw I¿Ømhn-√m-sX
\S-°p-sa∂Xv Xo¿Øpw Akw-`-hy-am-Wv. Imcyan-ß-s\-bn-cns°, Cuiz-c-\p-s≠-∂-Xn¬ aqV\p-t]mepw ktµlw D≠m-Im≥ hø. ]c-am-flmhns\∏‰n D]- t Z- i n- ° p- ∂ - h - c psS hm°p- I ƒ
tI´m¬ ]n∂o-SXv G‰p-]-d-bp-∂Xv kc-f-am-Ipw.
AXn- \ m¬ {]Xy- £ m- Z n- { ]- a m- W - ß - ƒ sIm≠v
Cuiz-c-J-WvU\w sNøp∂Xpw a‰pw A\p-NnX-am-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ -1. A\m-tZ-cm-K-a-kymcvtYm \N
kcvh⁄ BZn-am≥ Ir{Xn-taW Xzk-tXy\
k IYw {]Xn-]m-Zy-tX.
2. AY XZz- N - t \- s s\h k¿h- t ⁄mfss\yx {]Zo-btX {]I-evt]X IYw kn≤n-ct\ymf\ym {ib-tbm-kvX-tbm.
3. kcvh-t⁄m-‡bm hmIyw kXyw tX\
XZ-kvXnXm, IYw XZp-`bw knt[yXv kn≤-aqem-¥-cm-Zr-tXx 44
1. BZn- b p≈ k¿h- ⁄ ≥ A\m- Z n- i mkv{XØn\v hnj-ba
- m-hp-In√. Fs¥∂m¬ Xm≥
D≠m-Ip-∂-Xn\p aptº D≠mb AXn¬ Xs‚
Imcyw Fßs\ hcpw? Ak-Xy-h-N-\-ß-fm¬
AXns\ Fßs\ {]Xn-]m-Zn°pw?
2. Cuiz- c s‚ hN- \ - ß ƒsIm- ≠ pXs∂
Cuiz-c-kn≤n D≠m-Ip-sa-¶n¬ A\m-Zn-bmb
Cuiz- c - \ n¬\n∂v A\m- Z n- i mkv { X- Ø ns‚
kn≤nbpw A\m-Zn-im-kv{X-Øn¬ \n∂v A\m-Znbmb Cuiz-cs‚ kn≤nbpw At\ym-\ym-{ib
tZmj-ap-≠m-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
3. Fs¥-∂m¬ k¿h-⁄s‚ hN-\-am-Ibm¬ thZw kXy-am-bn-cn-°-bpw, B thZhN\Øm¬ Cuiz-c-kn≤n D≠m-Ip-I-bp-am-sW-¶n¬
CsX- ß s\ kn≤n- ° m- \ mWv ? imkv { X- Ø ns‚bpw Cuiz- c - s ‚bpw kn≤nbv ° v aq∂m- a sXmcp {]amWw thWw. CXv kzoI-cn-°mØ
]£w A\-h-ÿm-tZmjw h∂p `hn-°pw.
DØcw:˛ Rßƒ Cuiz-c-t\bpw Cuiz-cs‚
KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-h-ß-tfbpw A\m-Zn-bm-sW∂v
AwKoI-cn-°p-∂p. A\m-Znbpw \nXy-hp-am-bhbn¬ Hcn-°epw At\ym-\ym-{ib-tZmjw hcnI-bn-√. Imcy-Øn¬\n∂v ImcW ⁄m\hpw
Imc- W - Ø n¬\n∂v Imcy- ⁄ m- \ hpw D≠mIp∂p. Imcy-Øn¬ Imc-W-Øns‚bpw Imc-WØn¬ Imcy-Øn-s‚bpw kz`mhw \nXy-am-Wv.
AXp-t]mse Cuiz-c\pw Cuiz-cs‚ KpWI¿a-kz-`m-hß
- fpw \nXy-am-Ib
- m¬ Cuiz-c{- ]-WoX-amb thZ-Øn¬ A\-hÿ
- m-tZmjw hcn-Ib
- n-√.
\nßƒ Xo¿Y¶c\vamsc Cuiz-c-\mbn IcpXp-∂Xv Hcn-°epw bp‡-a-√. amXm-]n-Xm-°-fn√msX Ah-cpsS icocw Xs∂ D≠m-hp-I-bn√
F¶n¬ ico-c-an-√msX Ahscßs\ Xm]-›cy-bn-eqsS ⁄m\hpw ap‡nbpw t\Spw? AXpt]mse kwtbm-K-Øn\v \n›-b-ambpw BZnbp≠v. hntbm-K-an-√msX kwtbm-K-an-√. AXn\m¬ A\m-Znbpw krjvSn-I¿Øm-hp-amb Cuizc-\n¬ hniz-kn-°p-I.
t\m°q, Hcmƒ F{Xtbm kn≤- \ m- b n- c p∂mepw ico-cm-Zn-I-fpsS cN-\m-ssh-`hw ]q¿Wambn Adn- b p- I - b n- √ . kn≤nsb {]m]n®
Pohmflm-hn\pw kpjp]vXn-bn¬ Hcp ⁄m\hpw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. Poh≥ ZpxJsØ
{]m]n- ° p- t ºmƒ ⁄m\hpw Ipd- b p- ∂ p.
44. A¿l-¥-Z¿i\w t]Pv 56-˛57
321
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Cßs\ ]cn-—n∂ kma¿Yy-bp-‡\pw, GI-tZi-hm-knbpw Bb-Xns\ Cuiz-c\
- m-sW∂p k¶ev]n-°m≥ {`m¥-_p-≤n-I-fmb- ssP\¿°-√msX
a‰m¿°pw km[y-a-√. Xo¿∞-¶-c-∑m¿ amXm-]nXm-°-fn¬ \n∂mWv P\n-®-sX∂p ]d-bp-∂-]£w, B amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ Bcn¬ \n∂p P\n®p?
AhcpsS amXm- ] n- X m- ° ƒ Bcn¬ \n∂p
P\n®p? Cßs\ A\-h-ÿm-tZmjw h∂p-Iq-Sp∂p.
BkvXnI ˛ \mkvXnI kwhmZw
{]I- c W cXv \ m- I cw c≠mw `mK- Ø nse
Bkv X nI \mkv X nI kwhm- Z - s a∂ `mKØnse 45 tNmtZym-Ø-c-ßƒ ChnsS FgpXmw.
almssP\n-Iƒ CXv kΩ-Xn-®w-Ko-I-cn-®Xpw
t_mw_-bn¬ ap{ZWw sNbvX-Xp-am-Wv 46.
\mkvXn-I≥:˛ Cuiz-cs‚ C®-sIm≠v H∂pw
\S-°p-Ib
- n√. F√mw \S-°p-∂Xv I¿aw-sIm-≠mWv.
BkvXn-I≥:-˛ I¿a-amWv F√m-‰n\pw Imc-Wsa-¶n¬ I¿aw sNøp-∂-Xmcv? Pohm-flm-hmWv
I¿aw sNøp-∂-sX-¶n¬ AXn\p Imc-Wamb
t{im{XmZn C{µn-b-ßƒ Fhn-sS-\n∂p≠mbn?
A\mZnIme-\mbn, kz`m-th\ D≠m-Ip-∂-XmsW-¶n¬ A\m-Zn-h-kvXp-°sf ]cn-Xy-Pn-°m-\mhmsX \nß-fpsS aX-Øn¬ kZm-ap-‡n-bpsS
A`mhw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. {]mK-`mhw 47 t]mse
I¿aw A\m-Znbpw km¥hpw BsW∂p ]dbp∂ ]£w bmsXmcp {]b-Xv\hpw IqSmsX
Ghcpw I¿a-Øn¬ \n∂p \nhr-Øc
- m-bnØocpw.
Cuiz-c≥ ê-Zm-Xm-hs
- √-¶n¬ Pohm-flmhv ]m]^-e-amb ZpxJsØ Hcn-°epw tkz—bm kzoIcn-°p-Ib
- n√. I≈-∑m¿ tamj-WØ
- n-\p≈ in£
kzbw A\p-`h
- n-°p-Ib
- √
- , cmPy-hy-hÿ
b
- \
- p-kcn®v A\p-`-hn-°-tb-bp-≈q. AXp-t]mse Cuiz45.{]I-c-W-c-Xv\m-I-c-Ønse 177-˛211 t]Pp-I-fn-em-Wn-Xv.
ChnsS kwt£-]n--®n-cn-°p-∂p. BkvXn-I\p ]Icw
\mkvXn-I≥ F∂pw adn®pw am‰n-bn-´p≠v. AXm-bXv
{]I-c-W-c-Xv\m-I-c-Ønse ]q¿h-]£w DØ-c-]-£ambpw DØ-c-]£w ]q¿h-]-£-ambpw am‰n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
46.{]I-c-W-c-Xv\m-Icw c≠mw `mKw imlv òwknwKv
amWIv F∂- b mƒ t_mws_ \n¿W- b - k m- K c
{]kn¬\n∂v hn{I-am_vZw 1933¬ (G.-Un. 1875) {]Imi\w sNbvXp.
47.{]mK-`mhw ˛ IpS-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-Xn\v apºv IpS-Øns‚
A`mhw A\m-Zn-bmbn D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B aÆn¬\n∂v
apsºm-cn-°¬ AXo-X-Im-eØv IpS-ap-≠m-b-Xm-hmw.
c≥ A\p-`h
- n-∏n-°p-∂X
- p-sIm-≠mWv Pohm-flmhv
]m]- ] p- W y- ^ - e - ß ƒ A\p- ` - h n- ° p- ∂ - X v.
A\yYm I¿a-k-¶-c-ap-≠mbn 48 Hcp-hs‚ I¿aêw as‰m-cp-h≥ A\p-`-hn-°p-hm≥ CS-bm-Ipw.
\mkv X n- I ≥:˛ Cuiz- c ≥ A{In- b - \ m- W v .
Fs¥-∂m¬ I¿Ωw sNøp∂ ]£w I¿a-êhpw A\p-`-hn-°-Ww. AXn-\m¬ ssIheyw {]m]n®ap‡-∑msc Rßƒ A{In-b-cmbn ]cnK-Wn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse \nßfpw Icp-X-Ww.
BkvXn-I≥ :˛ Cuiz-c≥ A{Inb-\-√. k{Inb-\mWv tNX-\a
- m-Ib
- m¬ F¥p-sIm≠v I¿Ømhm- b n- ° qSm? I¿Øm- h n\v {Inb- b n¬\n∂v
thdn´p \nev ° m\pw km[y- a - √ . \nßfpsS
Xo¿∞-¶-ccmb Ir{Xna Cuiz-c-∑m¿ Pohm-Xvamhn¬\n-∂p-≠m-b-Xm-sW∂p \nßƒ hniz-kn°pw]Sn hn-Zzm∑mcpw hniz-kn-°p-∂n-√. GsX¶nepw \nan- Ø Øn¬\n∂p- ≠ m- I p- ∂ Xv A\nXyhpw ]c-m-[o-\hpw Bbn-cn-°pw. Cuiz-c≥
BIp-∂X
- n\p apºv AXv Poh-\m-bncp-∂p. ]n∂oSv
GtXm \nan-Ø-Øm¬ Cuiz-c-\m-bn. F¶n¬
AXv ho≠pw Poh≥ BIpw. kz¥w Poh-Xz-kz`m-hsØ Hcn-°epw shSn-bp-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn√. Pohm-flmhv A\-¥Im-e-am-bp-≈-Xm-Wv. A\¥-Imew hsc \ne-\n-ev°p-Ibpw sNøpw. AXn\m¬ A\m-Znbpw kzbw kn≤-\p-amb Cuizcs\ hniz-kn-°p-I-bmWv DNn-Xw.
t\m°q, Cu ka-bØpw Pohm-flm-°ƒ ]m]]p-Wy-ßƒ sNøp∂p, kpJ-Zpx-J-ß-f-\p-`-hn-°p∂p. Cuiz- c ≥ CsXm- c n- ° epw sNøp- ∂ n- √ .
Cuiz-c≥ {Inbm-hm-\-√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Cu PKØn-s\sb√mw Fßs\ D≠m-°p-am-bn-cp∂p?
I¿aw {]mK- ` mhw t]mse A\m- Z nbpw
km¥hpw BsW∂v hniz-kn-®m¬ I¿aw kahmb _‘Øn¬ 49 hcn-I-bn-√-. ka-hmb
_‘-an-√m-ØXv kwtbm-K-P-ambn A\n-Xy-am-bnØo-cpw. ap‡n-bn¬ {Inbm-cl
- n-X\
- m-sW-¶ntem?
ap‡- P o- h ≥ ⁄m\- h mt\m A√m- Ø tXm?
⁄m\- h m- s \- ¶ n¬ A¥x {Inbm- h m- \ mbn.
322
]t£ Ct∏mƒ A`mhw A\m-Zn-bm-Wv. \ap-°-dn-hn-√mØ-Xp-sIm≠v! IpS-ap-≠m-b-t∏mƒ B A\m-Zn-bmb
A`mhw Ah-km-\n-®p. CXt{X km¥hpw A\m-Zn-bpamb A`m-hw.
48. I¿aw AtN-X\
- a
- m-Wv. AXn-\m¬ I¿a-Øn\v AXns‚
I¿Øm-hns\ Adn-™p-Iq-Sm. AXn-\m¬ Fhn-sS-sb¶nepw _‘-s∏-´m¬ I¿a-k-¶cw D≠m-Ip-∂p.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
ap‡n-bn¬ -I-√p-t]mse PUamIptam? HcnSØv
H∂pw sNømsX hoWp-In-S-°ptam? F¶n-se¥mWv ap‡n? A‘- I m- c - Ø nepw _‘- \ Ønepw hoWp-t]m-I-em-WnXv!
\mkvXn-I≥:˛ Cuiz-c≥ hym]-I-\-√. hym]I-\m-sW-¶n¬ F√m hkvXp-°fpw tNX-\-am-ImØ-sX¥v? {_m“-W≥, £{Xn-b≥, sshiy≥,
iq{Z≥ apX-emb DØ-a-˛-a-[y-a-˛-\nIrjvS Ahÿ-I-sf-ß-fs\ h∂p-IqSn? -F√m-‰nepw Cuizc≥ Hcp-t]mse hym]-I-\m-sW-¶n¬ hep-∏-s®dp∏w D≠m-bn-°q-SmØXmWv.
BkvXn-I≥:˛ hym]yhpw hym]-I\pw H∂√. hym]yw GI-tZinbpw hym]-I≥ k¿∆-tZin-bp-am-Wv. BImiw F√m‰nepw hym]-I-am-Wv.
`qan apX- e mb k¿∆- L - S - ] - S m- Z n- I fpw 50
hym]yhpw GI-tZ-in-bp-am-Wv. ]rYn-hnbpw BImihpw H∂- √ m- Ø - X p- t ]mse Cuiz- c \pw
PKØpw H∂- √ . F√m LS- ] - S m- Z n- I - f nepw
BImiw hym]-I-am-sW-¶nepw LS-]-Sm-Zn-Iƒ
BIm-i-a-√. AXp-t]mse tNX-\-\mb Cuizc≥ Fhn-sSbpw hym]-I-\m-sW-¶nepw F√m
hkvXp-°-fpw tNX-\-a-√. hnZzm\pw aqV\pw
[¿Ωn-jvT-\pw, A[¿anbpw Hcp-t]me√m-ØXpt]mse hnZymZn kZvKp-W-ßƒ, kXy-`m-j-Ww,
kXy-I¿aw, k’z-`mhw apX-em-bh
- b
- psS \yq\m[n- I y- a - \ p- k - c n®v {_m“W sshiy iq{Z A¥yPmZn-Isf hepXpw sNdp-Xp-ambn KWn°p-∂p. h¿W-hy-h-ÿ- \memw kap-√m-k-Øn¬
hymJym-\n-®n-´p-≈Xv t\m°p-I.
\mkvXn-I≥:˛ Cuizc cN-\b
- m-emWv krjvSnbp-≠m-Ip-∂-sX-¶n¬ amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS Bhiy-sa¥v?
Bkv X n- I ≥:- ˛ Cuiz- c ob krjv S n- b psS
I¿Ømhv Cuiz-c-\m-Wv. ssPh-kr-jvSn-I-fp-tSX-√. Pohn-I-fpsS I¿Ø-hy-I-¿aw Cuiz-c≥
sNøp-Ib
- n-√. Poht\ sNøq. hr£-˛ê˛Huj[m- Z n- I ƒ Cuiz- c - \ p- ≠ m- ° n. Ah- s b- S pØv
CSn®pw s]mSn®pw Bh-iy-amb ]Zm¿Y-ßfp≠m-°n, `£n-°m-Xn-cp-∂m¬ ]Icw Cuiz-c≥
Xs∂ CsX√mw sNøptam? Pohm- fl m- ° ƒ
sNømØ ]£w Pohn-Xta D≠m-hn-√. AXn\m¬ BZn-kr-jvSn-bn¬ Pohs‚ ico-c-ßfpw
AXns‚ Icp-°fpw D≠m-°p-∂Xv Cuiz-cm-[o\
hrØnbpw, ]n∂oSv ]p{Xm-ZnIfpsS Dev]-Øn
Pohm-[o-\-{]-hr-Øn-bp-am-Wv. 51
\mkvXn-I≥:˛ ]c-am-flmhv imiz-X\pw A\mZnbpw NnZm-\-µhpw ⁄m\-kz-cq-]hpw Bbncns° PK-Øns‚ \qem-am-e-I-fnepw ZpxJ-Ønepw F¥n\p h∂p-s]-Sp-∂p. B\µw hns´-dn™v
ZpxJsØ kzoI-cn-°p-Is
- b∂Xv km[m-cW a\pjy¿t]mepw sNøp-I-bn-√. ]ns∂ Cuiz-c-s\ßs\ sNøpw?
BkvXn-I≥:˛ ]c-am-flmhv Hcp \qem-am-ebnepw ZpxJ-Ønepw h∂p-s]-Sp-∂n-√. kz¥w
B\µw XyPn-°p-∂p-an-√. \qem-am-e-I-fnepw
ZpxJ-Ønepw h∂p-s]-Sp-hm≥ GI-tZ-in-bm-bXns\ Ign-bq. k¿∆tZ-in°v km[y-a-√. A\mZnbpw NnZm-\-µhpw ⁄m\-kz-cq-]-hp-amb ]cam-flm-hn-\√
- msX a‰m¿°v Cu PK-Øp-≠m-°m≥
Ign- b pw? PK- Ø p- ≠ m- ° m≥ Pohm- fl m- h n\v
kma¿Yy-an-√. ]c-am-flm-hp-Xs∂ PK-Øp-≠m-°pIbpw kZm B\- µ - Ø n¬ h¿Øn- ° p- I bpw
sNøp∂p F∂v CXn¬\n∂v kn≤-ambn. ]c-amflmhv ]c-am-Wp-°-sf-sIm≠v krjvSn-°p-∂-Xpt]mse, amXm-]n-Xm-°-fm-Ip∂ \nan-Ø-Im-cWw
sIm≠pw DXv]-Øn-°p≈ i´-h-´-ßfpw \nbahpw D≠m-°nh®n-cn-°p-∂p.
\mkvXn-I≥:˛ Cuiz-c≥ ap‡n-cq-]n-bmb
kpJsØ XyPn®v PK-’rjvSn˛]m-e\
- w˛{]fbw
apX-emb `mc-ß-tf-‰-sX-¥n\v?
BkvXn-I≥:˛ Cuiz-c≥ kZm ap‡-\m-Wv. G-ItZ-in-Ifpw _‘\ kZr-i-amb ap‡nsb
{]m]n® Xo¿Y¶-c-∑mtc-t∏mseb√ k\m-X-\\mb Cuiz-c≥. A\-¥-amb KpW-I¿a-kz-`m-hap≈ ]c-am-flmhv AXn-Xp-—a
- mb Cu PK-Øns\
cNn®v ]men®v {]f-bn-∏n-°p-∂p-sh-¶nepw _‘\-Øn¬ hcp-∂n-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ _‘-\hpw
tam£hpw kmt]- £n- I - a m- W v . _‘- \ sØ
At]-£n®v ap‡nbpw ap‡nsb At]-£n®v
_‘-\hpw `hn-°p-∂p. Hcn-°epw _≤-\√
- m-ØXn\v ap‡n-sb-¥mWv? GI-tZ-in-bmb Poh≥
49.Zm¿i-\nI kwtbmKw c≠p-Xc
- Ø
- n-em-Wv. H∂v kwtbmKPw at‰Xv kma-hm-bn-Iw. ka-hm-b-_‘w KpWhpw
KpWnbpw I¿ahpw I¿a-hm\pw Ah-b-hhpw Ah-bhnbpw PmXnbpw hy‡nbpw XΩn-ep-≈-Xm-Wv. CXv
\nXy-am-Wv.
323
50. LSw ]Sw F∂nh c≠p-h-kvXp-°sf kqNn-∏n-°m≥
D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Zm¿i-\nI kw⁄-I-fm-Wv. IpSw,
XpWn F∂¿Yw.
51. t]Pv 349 apX¬ t\m°p-I.
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
am{Xta Ft∏mgpw _≤t\m ap‡t\m BIp∂p≈q. A\-¥\pw k¿h-tZ-inbpw, k¿h-hym]-I-\p-amb Cuiz-c≥ _‘-\-Øntem ss\anØn-I-amb ap‡n-bntem \nß-fpsS Xo¿Y-¶c∑m-sc-t∏mse h∂p hogp-∂n-√. AXn-\m¬ ]cam-flmhv -Ft∏m-gpw Xs∂ ap‡-\m-Wv.
\mkvXn-I≥:˛ amZ-I-h-kvXp-°ƒ D]-tbm-Kn°p-tºmƒ aZw X\ntb D≠m-Ip-∂Xpt]mse
Poh-≥ I¿a-êw A\p-`-hn-®p-sIm≈pw, CXn¬
Cuiz-c\v Imcy-sam-∂p-an-√.
BkvXn-I≥:˛ I≈-∑mcpw Ip‰-hm-fn-Ifpw
ZpjvS-∑mcpw kzbw Imcm-Kr-l-hm-ktam Xq°pin-jtbm kzoI-cn-°p-I-bn-√. kzoI-cn-°m≥
B{K-ln-°p-Ib
- p-an-√.- cmPysØ \ymb hyh-ÿ{]-Imcw _em-ev°m-c-ambn ]nSn-IqSn in£n-°bmWv ]Xn-hv. CXp-t]mse Poh\pw Cuiz-c≥
kz¥w \ymb-hy-h-ÿ-{]-Imcw kz¥w, kz¥w
I¿a-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn®v bYm-tbmKyw in£-\evIp-∂p. Hcp Poh\pw kz¥w Zp-jvI¿ΩØns‚
ê-a-\p-`-hn-°m≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂n-√. AXn-\m¬
]c-am-flm-hns‚ \ymbm-[o-iXzw D≠mtb Ignbq.
\mkvXnI≥ :-˛ PK-Øn¬ Hco-iz-c-\-√p-≈-Xv.
adn®v F{X ap‡ Pohm-flm-°-fpt≠m Ahsc√mw Cuiz-c-∑m-cm-Wv.
BkvXn-I≥:-˛ CXp shdptX ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv.
Fs¥-∂m¬ Hcn-°¬ _≤-\mbn ap‡nsb
{]m]n-°p-∂b
- mƒ ho≠pw _‘-\Ø
- n¬ s]Spw.
kz`m-th\ ap‡-c-√m-Ø-XmWv Imc-Ww. \nßfpsS Ccp-]-Øn-\mev Xo¿∞-¶-c-∑mcpw _≤-cmbn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv ap‡-cmbn ho≠pw _≤-cmIpw.
IqSmsX At\Iw Cuiz-c-∑m-cp-≠m-bm¬ PohI-sft∏mse Ahcpw Ie-ln-°pw.
\mkv X n- I ≥:˛ aqVm- fl mth! PK- Ø n\v
I¿Øm-hn√. kzbw kn≤-amWo PK-Øv.
BkvXnI≥:˛ CXv ssP\n-I-fpsS F{Xtbm
alm aqV- h n- i zm- k - a mWv ! I¿Øm- h n- √ msX
FsX-¶nepw I¿atam I¿a-an-√msX GsX-¶nepw
Imcytam temI-Øn¬ D≠m-bn-°m-Wp∂pt≠m?
tKmXºv hb-en¬ h®p-Xs∂ kzbw s]mSn™v
A∏-ambn ssP\-cpsS hb-‰n¬ sN∂p F∂p
]d-bp-∂-Xn\p kam\amWv. ]™n Hcn-°epw
X\ntb \qepw XpWnbpw AwKhkv{Xhpw,
c≠mw ap≠pw, thjvSnbpw Xe-∏m-hp-ambn hcp-
∂n-√. Cßs\ kw`hn°mbvIbm¬ Cuizc
I¿Ør- X z- a n- √ msX hnhn[ PKØpw cN\m
hntij-ssh-hn-[yhpw Fßs\ D≠m-Im-\mWv?
imTyw ]nSn®v PKØv kzbw kn≤-am-sW∂v
hniz-kn-®m¬ apºp ]d™ hkv{Xßfpwa‰pw
I¿Øm- h n- √ msX {]Xy- £ - a m- ° n- Ø - c - W w.
Aßs\- sN-øm\m-hn-s√-¶n¬ \nßfpsS {]amW-c-ln-X-amb hm°p-Iƒ GXv _p≤n-am-\mWv
hniz-kn-°pI?
\mkvXn-I≥:˛ Cuiz-c≥ hnc-‡t\m tamlnXt\m? hnc-IvX-s\-¶n¬ PK-Øns‚ \qem-am-eI-fn¬ s]´-sX-¥n\v? tamln-X-s\-¶n¬ PKXv
\n¿am-W-Øn\v ka¿Y-\m-hpI-bp-an√.
BkvXn-I≥:˛ Cuiz-c-\n¬ Hcn-°epw hnc‡nbpw tamlhpw C√. k¿h-hym-]-I-\mb
Cuiz-c≥ GXns\ X≈pw GXns\ sIm≈pw?
Cuiz-c-t\-°mƒ DØ-atam Cuiz-c\v A{]m]ytam Bbn Hcp hkvXp-hp-an-√. AXn-\m¬
H∂nepw -tam-l-an-√. hnc-‡nbpw Bk-‡nbpw
Pohm-flm-hn\p tNcpw. Cuiz-c\p tNcp-I-bn-√.
\mkvXn-I≥:˛ Cuiz-cs\ PK-XvI¿Ømhpw
Pohs‚ I¿a-^-e-Zm-Xmhpw Bbn Icp-Xn-bm¬,
Cuiz-c≥ {]m]-©nI ZpJ-Øn¬s∏´v ZpxJn-X\mhpw.
BkvXn- I ≥:˛ hnhn[ I¿a- ß - f psS
I¿Ømhpw, Pohn-I-fpsS ê-Zm-Xmhpw [m¿anI\pw, \ymbm-[o-i-\p-amb hnZzm≥ I¿a-ßfn¬s]-Sp-Itbm {]m]-©nI-\m-hp-Itbm sNøp∂ns√¶n¬ A\¥ kma¿Yy-bp-‡-\mb Cuizc≥ Fßs\ {]m]- © n- I t\m ZpxJn- X t\m
BIpw? \nßƒ \nß-tf-t∏m-sebpw Xo¿∞-¶c-∑m-sc-t∏m-sebpw Cuiz-cs\ Icp-Xp-∂p-≠mhmw. CsX√mw Ahn- Z y- \ n- a n- Ø - a m- W v.
AXn¬\n∂p hnSp-X¬ B{K-ln-°p-s∂-¶n¬
thZmZn kXy- i m- k v { X- ß sf B{i- b n- ° pI.
hn{à-Pm-e-Øn¬ s]s´-∂p-g-∂-sX-¥n-\m-Wv.
ssP\-cpsS PKØv
ssP\¿ PK-Øns\ F¥mbn Icp-Xp-∂psh∂v Ah-cpsS kq{X-ß-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xp-t]mse hnh-cn-°mw. H∂m-aXv kwt£]ambn aqem¿Yw ]d-bp-Ibpw ]n∂oSv t\cpw
I≈hpw Fs¥∂p kao-£bpw sNømw.
aqew:˛ kman- A-WmC AWt¥ ND-KCu
kwkm-c-tLm-c-Im-¥mtc, tamlmC IΩ-Kp-cp-
324
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
TnC hnhm-K-h-kD àC Pothm. 52
({]-I-c-W-c-Xv\m-Icw, 2˛mw `mKw, kay‡zkz-cq-]-kvX-hw, kqx2)
CXv {]I-c-W-c-Xv\m-Icw c≠mw-`mKw F∂{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ kay-‡z{]-Imiw F∂ {]I-c-WØn¬ KuX-a\pw alm-ho-c\pambp≈ kwhm-Zam-Wv. CXns‚ kw£n-]vXhpw D]-bp-‡-hp-amb
A¿Y-an-XmWv:˛ Cu kwkmcw A\m-Znbpw A\¥-hp-am-Wv. AXns‚ DXv]Øn D≠m-bn-ń-√.
\mi- a p- ≠ m- h p- I - b p- a n- √ . AXm- b Xv Bcpw
krjvSn®X√ CsX-∂¿Yw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv
BkvXn-I-\m-kvXnI kwhm-Z-Øn¬, tl aqV!
PK-Øns‚ I¿Øm-hmbn Bcp-an√. Hcn-°epw
\in-°p-I-bp-an√ F∂p ]d-™Xv. 53
kao-£-I≥:˛ kwtbm-K-Øm¬ D≠m-Ip-∂Xv
Hcn-°epw A\m-Znbpw A\-¥hpw BIp-I-bn-√.
Dev]-Ønbpw hn\m-ihpw D≠m-ImsX I¿aw
C√. PK-Øn¬ D≠m-Ip-∂-h-sb√mw DXv]Øn
hn\m- i - ß - t fm- S p- I q- S n- b - X m- s W∂p ImWmw.
]ns∂-ß-s\-bmWv PKØv DXv]Øn hn\m-i-ßfn- √ m- Ø XmIp- ∂ - X v . AXn- \ m¬ \nß- f psS
Xo¿Y¶c-∑m¿°v icn-bmb t_m[-an-√mbn-cp-∂p.
D≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ CØcw Akw-`-hy-Imcyßsfßs\sb-gpXn?
\nßƒ Kpcp- ° - ∑ m¿°v tN¿∂ injy∑m¿Xs∂. \nß-fpsS hm°p-Iƒ tIƒ°p-∂h¿°pw Hcn-°epw ]Zm¿∞-⁄m\w D≠m-hpI- b n√. {]Xy- £ - a mbn kwbp- ‡ - ] - Z m¿∞w
I≠n´pw AXns‚ DXv ] Øn hn\m- i - ß ƒ
AwKo-I-cn-°m-Ø-sX¥v? AXm-bXv Ch-cpsS
Kpcp- ° - ∑ m¿°pw ssP- \ n- I ƒ°pw `qan- i mkv{Xhpw tPymXn-xim-kv{Xhpw Adn-hn-√m-bn-cp∂p. Ct∏mgpw Ch¿°v Adn-hn-√. D≠mbncps∂¶n¬ C\nsbgp-Xp∂ Akw-`h
- y-Im-cy-ßƒ hnizkn-°bpw ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-sX-ßs\?
Cu krjvSn-bn¬ "]rYn-ho-Imbw' ]rYnhn
Pohs‚ ico-ca
- m-Wv. Pe-Im-bm-Zn-Ifpw Poh-\mWv
F∂p Icp-Xp-∂p. CXv B¿°pw kzoI-cn-°m-hp52.A¿Yw C{]-Im-ca
- mWv:˛ tl kzman≥! Cu A\m-Znbpw
A\-¥hpw \mep-KX
- n-If
- p-≈X
- p-amb kwkm-cc
- q-]n-bmb
tLmc-h-\-Øn¬ taml-\o-bmZn I¿a-ß-fpsS DXvIrjvS-ÿn-Xn-hn-]m-I-Øn¬ ˛ ê-Øn\p hio-{`-X-ambn
Poh≥ {àWw sNøp-∂p.
53.aqVm-flm-th, PK-Øn\p I¿Øm-hn-√. kzbw-kn-≤amWo PKØv (ap≥t]Pv t\m°p-I)
∂-X-√. C\n-bp-ap≠v anYym-hm-°p-Iƒ ssP\nIƒ Cuiz-c\mbpw kay-Iv⁄m\n-If
- mbpw IcpXp∂ Xo¿∞-¶mc-∑m-cpsS anYy{]e-]-\-ßƒ°v
GXm\pw DZm-l-cWw ]d-bmw.
cXv\-kmcw 1˛mw `mKw 145-˛mw t]Pn¬ ˛
ssP\¿ AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ {KŸ-am-WnXv ˛ 1879
G{]n¬ 28-˛mw XobXn _\m-d-kn¬ ssP\-{]`m-Ic {] n¬ \m\-IvNµ
- vPXn A®-Sn-∏n®v {]Imi\w sNbv X - X mWv ˛ AXn¬ Ime- Ø ns‚
hymJym\w Cßs\ \evIp∂p:˛
""AXm-b-Xv, ka-b-Øn\v kq£va-Im-e-sa∂p
t]¿. Akw-JymX ka-b-Øn\v Bhen F∂pw
]d-bp-∂p. Hcp-tImSn Adp-]-Øntbgp-e-£Øn
Fgp-]X
- n-\m-bn-cØn Hcp-\q-‰n-∏X
- n-\©v (16770115)
Bh- e n- I ƒ Hcp aplq¿Ø- h pw, ap∏Xp
aplq¿Øw Hcp Znh-khpw ]Xn-\©p Znhkw
Hcp ]£hpw c≠p ]£w Hcp amkhpw
]{¥≠p amkw Hcp h¿j-hp-am-Wv. AXp-t]mse
Fgp- ] - X p- e - £ Øn Aº- Ø m- d m- b n- c w- t ImSn
h¿jw Hcp ]q¿hhpw, Akw-JymX ]q¿hw Hcp
]teym-]a Ime-hp-am-Wv. Akw-Jym-X-sa-∂Xns‚ kmc-an-XmWv:˛ \mep-tImiw 54 NXp-cØn¬ A{Xbpw Bg-Øn¬ Hcp InW¿ Ipgn®v
AXn¬ PqKp-enb a\p-jy-cpsS tcmaw C\n ]dbpw-hÆw Xøm-dm°n \nd-bv°-Ww. PqKp-enb
a\p-jypsS tcma-ßƒ C∂p≈ a\p-jy-cpsS
tcma-tØ-°mƒ \mem-bn-c-Øn-sXm-Æq-‰m-dwiw
sNdp-Xm-Wv. AXm-bXv PqKp-enb a\p-jy-cpsS
\mem-bn-c-Øn-sXm-Æq-‰m-dv tcma-ßƒ tN¿s∂¶nte AXm-bXv PqKp-enb a\p-jy-cpsS \membn-c-Øn-sXm-Æq‰mdp tcma-ß-ƒ tN¿s∂¶nte
Ct∏m-gp≈ a\p-jys‚ Hcp tcma-am-Iq. PqKp-enb
a\p-jys‚ Hcw-Kpew \of-ap≈ apSn Ggp-X-hW
Fs´´p Ij-W-ß-fm-°-Ww. At∏mƒ Ccp-]-Xpe-£-Øn-sXm-Æq-t‰-gm-bn-cØn \q‰-º-Øn-c≠v
Ij-W-amIpw (2097152) C{]-Im-c-ap≈ -Hmtcm
Ij-W-ßƒsIm≠v apºp ]d™ InW¿ \ndbv°-Ww. AXn¬ \n∂v \qdp-sIm√w CS-hn´v
Hmtcm IjWw FSp-°-Ww. Ij-W-ßsf√mw
FSpØv Xo¿∂v InW¿ Hgn-bp-tºmƒ A{Xbpw
Ime-Øn\v kwJym-X-Imew F∂p ]dbpw. Ahbn¬ \n∂v Hmtcm Ij-Whpw A\-h[n IjW-ßfm°n, ap-If
- n¬°qSn N{I-h¿Øn-bpsS ]S
IS-∂p-t]m-bm¬°qSn Aa-cm-Øh
- Æw InW-dn¬
54. GI-tZiw 2 ssa¬
325
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
IpØn-\n-d-bv°-Ww. ]n∂oSv Hmtcm Ij-WwhoXw \qdp-sIm-√-Øn-sem-cn-°¬ FSp-°-Ww.
InW¿ Hgn-bp-tºmƒ Akw-JymXw ]q¿h-ßfmbn AXn¬\n∂v ]teym]a-Im-ehpw KWn-°mhp-∂-Xm-Wv.
]Øp-tImSntImSn ]teym-]-a-Imew Ign-bptºmƒ Hcp kmK-tcm-]-a-Im-e-ambn. ]Øp-tImSn
kmK-tcm-]a
- I
- mew Hcp D’¿]-Wn. Hcp D’¿]Wnbpw Hcp Ah-k¿]-Wnbpw 55 IqSp-∂Xv Hcp
Ime-N{Iw. A\-¥I
- m-eN
- {Iw Ign-bp-tºmƒ Hcp
"]pZvK-e-]-cm-hrØ'amIpw.
A\-¥I
- m-es
- a∂p ]d-bp-∂s
- X-¥mWv? kn≤amb ]pkvX-I-ßfn¬ \h-Zr-jvSm-¥-ß-fm¬
Ime-kw-Jy-K-Wn-®n-´p-≠v. AXn-\p-tij-ap-≈Xv
A\-¥-Im-e-am-Wv. A\-¥-]p-ZvKe ]cm-hr-ØImew Poh≥ Id-ßn-Øn-cn-bp-∂p. CXymZn-bmWv
kn≤m-¥-ßƒ.
KWn-X-⁄-∑mcp tI´mepw. ssP\{KŸßfn¬ \n∂v Ime-kwJy KWn-°m-\m-Iptam
C√tbm? CsX√mw kXy-am-sW∂p hniz-kn-°m\m-Iptam? Xo¿Y-¶-c-∑m¿ ]Tn® KWn-X-hn-ZybmWnXv! Cß-s\-sb√mw Ch-cpsS aX-Øn¬
Ht´sd Kpcp-in-jy-∑m-cp-≠v. Ah-cpsS A⁄m\-Øn\v Hc-Xn-cp-an-√.
C\nbpw A‘-Imcw ImWq. cXv\-kmcw
H∂m-`m-K-Øns‚ 134-˛mw t]Pn¬ apX¬ Ipsd
AΩq-Ω-°-Y-Iƒ D≠v. Ch ssP\-kn-≤m-¥ßfpw Ej-`t- Z-h≥ apX¬°p≈ Ccp-]Ø
- n-\mev
Xo¿∞-¶-c-∑m-cpsS hN-\-km-ckw{Kl-hp-am-Wv.
CXp-t]mse 148-˛mw t]Pn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂p:˛- ""]rYn-ho-Im-b-Ønse Poh-∑m-cmWv aÆpw
I√pw a‰pw AXn-\p-≈n¬ D≈ Pohm-flm-hns‚
ico- c - ] - c n- W maw Hcw- K p- e - Ø ns‚ Akw- J yXmwiw AYhm AXy¥ kq£va- a m- W v.
AXns‚ Bbpkv Atß-b‰w Ccp-]Ø
- ocm-bncw
h¿j-am-Wv.''
XpS¿∂v Ahn-sS-Øs∂ ""ac-Øns‚ Hcp icoc-Øn¬ A\¥ -Po-h∑m-cp-≠v. Ahsb km[mcW h\-kv]-Xn-I-fmbn KWn-°p-∂p. -Iµ-aq-e{]ap-Jhpw, A\-¥-Im-b-{]-ap-Jhpw Bb-hsb
55.ChnsS Ah-k¿]-Wn-bpsS Imew \n¿t±-in-®n-ń-√.
D’¿]Wn F∂Xv Ign™v A{X-bpw-Imew Hcp Ahk¿]Wn F∂p-IqSn th≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. aqe-Øns‚
]I¿∏n¬ hn´p-t]m-b-Xm-hmw.
km[m-cW h\-kv]-Xn-bpsS Poh≥ F∂p ]db-Ww. AXns‚ Bbp v A\-¥-ap-lq¿Ø-amWv.'' ChnsS t\ctØ Fgp-Xnb aplq¿Øw
kvac-Wo-bw.
Hcp ico-c-Øn¬ Hcp C{µnbw am{X-ap≈
AXm-bXv kv]¿ti-{µnbw am{X-ap-≈-Xn¬ Hcp
Poh≥ hkn-°p-∂p. AXns\ {]tXyI h\kv]Xn F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. AXns‚ tZlw Hcmbncw tbmP-\-bm-Wv. ]pcm-W-°m-cpsS tbmP\
4 tImi-am-Wv. Aßns\ \mem-bncw tImi-ap≈
ico-c-am-W-Xv. AXns‚ Bbp v IqSn-bm¬ ]Xn\m-bncw h¿j-am-Wv.''
""C\n c≠n- { µn- b - ß - f p≈ Poh≥ BWv .
AXn\v ico-chpw apJhpw D≠v. iwJv, Ih-Sn,
t]≥ apX-em-b-h-bm-Wn-Xv. AXns‚ ico-c-hep∏w G‰hpw IqSn-bXv \mev∏-sØ´p tImi-amWv. Bbp v IqSn-bm¬ ]{¥≠p h¿jhpw.''
kao- £ - I ≥:˛ ChnsS henb sX‰p- ] ‰n.
C{Xbpw henb ico-c-Øn\v Bbp p Iqń
Fgp-Xm-am-bn-cp-∂p. \mev]-sØ-´p-tIm-iw hep∏-ap≈ t]≥ ssP\-cpsS tZlØp Ib-dn-°mWpw. Ah¿ I≠pwImWpw. C{Xbpw henb
t]\ns\ ImWm≥ a‰m¿°v Fhn- s S- b mWv
`mKyw.
C\nbpw ImWq B‘yw! cXv\-kmcw H∂mw`mKw 150-˛mw t]Pn¬ ˛ ""tXƒ, aq´, sN≈v, Cu®
F∂n- h bv ° v Hmtcm tbmP- \ - bmWv ico- c w.
Bbp v Bdp-am-k-hpw.''
kao-£-I≥:-˛ \mep tImiw hep-∏-ap≈
tXfns\ a‰mcpw I≠n-cn-°bn-√. F´p ssaep≈
tXfpw Cu®bpw ssP\- a - X - Ø n- e p- ≠ v . Cu
tXfpw Cu®bpw Ah-cpsS hoń-emhmw ]m¿∏v!
Ah-c-√msX temI-Øn-emcpw Chsb I≠ncn-°p-I-bn-√. CØ-c-samcp tXƒ ssP\nsb ISn®m¬ Abm-fpsS KXn-sb-¥mIpw!
Pe-Nm-cn-I-fmb a’y-ß-fpsS icocbfhv
Hcm-bncw tbmP\˛]-Xn-\mbncw tImiw Hcp
tbmP-\-sb∂p IW-°n¬ {]Imcw ˛ Hcp-tImSn
tImi-am-Wv. Hcp-tImSn ]q¿h-h¿j-ß-fmWv
Bbp v!
kao-£-I≥:-˛ C{Xbpw henb Pe-Po-hn-Isf
ssP\nIf√msX Bcpw I≠n-cn-°-bn-√.
\mev°m-en-bmb B\-bp-tSbpw a‰pw ico-cØn\v c≠p-ap-X¬ HºXv tImiw-h-sc-bmWv
326
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
hep∏w. Bbp v F¨]- Ø n- \ m- e m- b ncw
h¿jhpw.
kao-£-I≥:-˛ C{X henb Poh-I-tfbpw
ssP\¿ I≠n-cn-°mw! hniz-kn-°p-∂p-ap-≠mImw. _p≤n-am-∑m¿°m°pw hniz-kn-°m≥ hø.
Pe-Nm-cn-Ifpw K¿`-Pß-fp-amb Pohn-I-fpsS
ico-cØ
- n\v Hcm-bncw tbmP-\b
- mWv ˛ Hcp-tImSn
tImiw ˛ hep∏w, Bbp v, HcptImSn ]q¿hh¿j-ß-fpw.
C{X- h - e nb ico- c hpw Bbp- pap≈sb
ssP\m-Nm-cy-∑m¿ kz]v\Øn¬ I≠n-cn-°mw.
Hcn-°epw kw`-hn-°mØ alm-I-≈-ß-ft√
CsX√mw?
ssP\-cpsS `qan-imkv{Xw
C\n Ch-cpsS `qan-bpsS hep∏w t\m°p-I.
cXv\-kmaw H∂mw `mKw 152˛mw t]Pn¬ ""Cu
EPp-h-√mØ temIØn¬ Akw-JymXw Zzo]pIfpw kap- { Z- ß fpw D≠v . Akw- J ymXw
F∂Xn\v c≠c kmKtcm]aIme-Øn-ep-≈{X
kabw Zzo]p-Ifpw kap-{Z-ßf
- pw F∂m-W¿∞w.''
Cu ]rYn-hn-bn¬ H∂matØXmb Pw_p-Zzo]v
F√m Zzo]p-I-fp-tSbpw \Sp-°m-Wv. CXn\v Hcp
e£w tbmP\ AYhm Hc¿_pZw tImi-amWv. 56 hnkvXo¿Æw. CXn-\v \mep-Np‰pw ehW-k-ap-{Z-am-Wv. AXns‚ hnkvXo¿Æw c≠pe£w tbmP\ AYhm c≠¿_pZw tImihpw.
Cu Pw_p Zzo]ns‚ \mep-h-iØpw [mX-Io-JWv U - s a∂ Zzo]p≠v . CXn\v \mep- e £w
tbmP\ \me¿_pZw tImiw˛hnkvXm-c-hp-ap-≠v.
AXn\p ]n∂n¬ Imtem-Z[n F∂ kap-{Z-amWv.
AXns‚ hnkvXo¿Æw F´p e£w tbmP\ ˛
F´¿_pZw tImiw ˛ BWv. AXn\p ]n∂n¬
]pjv I cm- h ¿Ø- s a∂ Zzo]p- ≠ v . AXns‚
hnkvXo¿Æw ]Xn-\mdv e£w tbmP\ ˛ ]Xn\mdv A¿_pZw tImiw ˛ BWv. B Zzo]ns‚
D≈n¬ Ip∂pw Ipgn-bp-am-Wv. ]Ip-Xn-ÿ-eØv
a\p-jy¿ hkn-°p-∂p. AXn-\p-a-∏p-dw AkwJymXw Zzo]p-Ifpw kap-{Z-ßfpap≠v. Ahbn¬
XncyIv h¿Kw ]m¿°p-∂p.
cXv \ kmcw H∂mw- ` mKw 153- ˛ mwt]Pn¬
""Pw_p-Zzo-]n¬ Hcp lna-h¥w, Hcp sFcWvUh¥w, Hcp lcn-h¿jw, Hcp cayIw, Hcp tZh56. Hc¿_pZw ]Øp-tIm-Sn-bm-Wv.
Ipcp, Hcp DØ-c-Ipcp F∂n-ßs\ Bdp-{]-tZ-iß-fp-≠v.
kao-£-I≥:-˛ `qan-im-kv{X-a-dn-bm-hp-∂-h≥
tIƒ°- W w. `qan- b psS Af- s h- S p- Ø - X n¬
\nßƒt°m ssP\¿t°m sX‰n- b Xv?
ssP\¿°m-sW-¶n¬ \nß-fh
- ¿°v ]d-™p-sImSp- ° p- I . \nßƒ°v ssX‰n- s b- ¶ n¬ Ahcn¬\n∂v {Kln-®p-sIm-≈pI. sXs√m∂p Nn¥n®m¬ Hcp Imcyw hy-‡-amIpw. ssP\nIfpsS
BNmcy∑mcpw injy-∑mcpw `qan-im-kv{Xtam,
IWt°m H´pw ]Tn-®-h-c-√, Bbn-cp-s∂-¶n¬
Cu \S-°mØImcy-ßƒ ]pfp-h-Sn-°p-am-bncpt∂m?
CØcw AhnZzm≥am¿, PK-Øn\v I¿Ømhn√ F∂pw, Cuiz-c-\n√ F∂pw a‰pw hnizkn-°p-∂-Xn-se-¥m-W-›cyw? CXp-sIm-≠mWv
ssP\n- I ƒ
Ah- c psS
{KŸ- ß ƒ
hnZzm≥am¿t°m A\y-a-X-ÿ¿t°m \¬ImØXv. {]mam-Wn-I-cmb Xo¿∞-¶-c-∑m¿ cNn®
kn≤m-¥-{K-Ÿ-ß-sf∂v Ch¿ Icp-Xp∂ Cu
{KŸ- ß - f n¬ \ndsb Ahn- Z ym- b p- ‡ - a mb
Imcyß-fm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v ImWm-\-\p-h-Zn-°pI-bn-√. I≠m¬ I≈n shfn®-Øm-Ip-a-t√m.
Ch¿°-√msX, Aev]-sa-¶nepw _p≤n-bp-≈h¿°m¿°pw Hcn-°epw Cu ]pf-h-[ym-b-ßƒ
kXy-am-sW∂p tXm∂p-I-t]mepw C√.
PK-Øns\ A\m-Zn-bm-°m≥!
Cu \qem-am-e-I-sf√mw D≠m-°n-bn-cn-°p∂Xv PKØv A\m-Zn-bm-sW∂v ÿm]n-°m-\mWv. ]t£ CsX√mw ]®-I-≈-am-Wv. PK-XvImcWw A\mZn Xs∂. Fs¥∂m¬ B ]camWp
XpS- ß nb XØzkzcq- ] - ß ƒ
I¿ØrclnXam-Wv. F∂m¬ \nb-am-\p-k-cWw
"BIp- ∂ - X nt\m Agn- b p- ∂ - X nt\m' D≈
kam¿Yyta C√. {Zhy-sa∂p t]cp-≈-XmWv ]cam-Wp, kz`mth\ sht∆sd cq]-ap-≈Xpw PUhp-am-W-Xv. kzbw Fs¥¶nepw bYm-tbmKyw
BIm-\-hbv°p Ign-hn-√. AXn-\m¬ CXn-s\s°m≠v D≠m-°p∂ ssNX\yw \n›-b-ambpw
D≠v. B D≠m°p-∂-h≥ PvRm\kz-cq-]-\pamWv.
]rYzn, kq-cy≥ apX-emb temI-ß-sf-sb√mw
\nb-a-Øn¬ \S-Øp-∂Xv A\m-Znbpw tNX-\-hpamb Cuiz-cs‚ tPmen-bm-Wv. AXn-¬ kwtbmK
327
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
cN-\m-hntijw ImWmw. B ÿqe-P-K-Øv Hcn°epw A\m-Zn-b-√. Imcy-P-KØv \nXy-sa-¶n¬
AXns‚ ImcWw D≠m-hn-√. adn®v AXp-Xs∂
Imcy-Im-c-W cq]-am-Ipw. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬
Imcyhpw Imc-Whpw H∂m-bn-cn-°b
- m¬ At\ym\ym-{ibw, Bflm-{i-bw, F∂o tZmj-ßƒ
hcpw. Xs‚ tXmfn¬ Xm≥ Ib- d p- ∂ Xpw,
]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw Hcm-fm-bn-cn-°p-∂Xpw \S∏p-≈-X-√. AXn-\m¬ PK-XvI¿Ømhv Ds≠∂p
hniz-knt® ]‰q.
tNmZyw:˛ PK-XvI¿Ømhv Cuiz-c-\m-sW¶n¬ Cuiz-cs‚ I¿Ømhm-cmWv?
DØcw:˛ I¿Øm-hns‚ I¿Ømhpw Imc-WØns‚ Imc-Whpw Hcn-°epw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√.
I¿Ømhpw Imc- W hpw D≈- X p- s Im- ≠ mWv
Imcyw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. kwtbm-K-hn-tbm-K-ßfp≠mImØXpw BZy- k w- t bm- K - h n- t bm- K ßƒ°p Imc-Whpw Bb-Xn\v I¿Ømthm ImcWtam Hcn-°-ep-an-√. CXns‚ hymJym\w F´mw
kap- √ m- k - Ø n¬ krjv S n- b psS hymJym- \ Ønsegp-Xnbn-´p≈Xp t\m°p-I. 57
Cu ssP\¿°v ÿqe-Im-cy-ßƒ t]mepw
Adn-hns√¶n¬ ]c-a-kq-jva-amb krjvSn-hnZy
Fßs\ t_m[n°m-\mWv? krjvSn A\m-Znbpw
A\-¥hp-am-sW∂v Icp-Xp-∂p. Hmtcm KpWØn\pw, Ime-Øn\pw ]cym-b-ßfpw, Hmtcm
hkvXp-hnepw A\¥-]cymbßfpw Ds≠∂v
{]I-cW
- c
- Xv\mIc-Øns‚ H∂mw `mK--Øn-ep-≠v.
CsXmcn°epw kw`-hy-a-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ ]cnW-an-°p∂ hkvXp-°-fpsS F√m AwK-ßfpw
]cn-W-an-°pw. A\-¥-Øn\p ]Icw AkwJyw
F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xpw icn-bm-hn-√. Pohm-flm-hns\
kw_-‘n®v icn-bm-tb-°mw. Cuiz-cs\ kw_‘n®v icn-bm-hn-√. Htcmtcm {ZhyØn¬ AXmXns‚ Hmtcm Imcy-Im-cW kma¿YysØ Ahn`mPy ]cym-b-ß-fm¬ A\¥ kma¿Yy-ambn
KWn-°p-∂Xv tIhew Ahn-Zym-P-\y-am-Wv. Hcp
]c-amWp{Zhy-Øn\v AXn-cp-≠v. F¶n¬ A\¥
hn`mK cq] ]cym-b-ßƒ AXn-se-ßs\ h¿Øn°pw? AXp-t]mse Hmtcm-tcm {Zhy-Øn¬
A\¥ KpW-ß-fps≠-∂Xpw Hcp KpW-Øns‚
\nc-h[n Ahn-ÌvX ]cym-bßfps≠∂ k¶ev]hpw shdpw _men-i-am-Wv. ASn-ÿm-\-Øn\v
A¥-ap-≈X
- n¬ h¿Øn-°p-∂X
- n\v F¥p-sIm≠v
A¥-an√? Cßs\ \nc-h[n -anYym-P-ev]-\ßƒ
Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
Poh-˛-P-U-ßƒ
Poh- P - U - ß ƒ F¥mWv F∂- X n- s \- ∏ ‰n
ssP\-cpsS \n¿W-b-an-{]-Im-c-amWv:-˛
tNX\m e£tWm Pohx kymZ-Po-h-kvX-Z\y¿x. kXv-Icva ]pZvKemx ]pWyw ]m]w
XkyI-hn-]-cybx 58
CXv Pn\-Z-Ø-kq-cn-bp-sS hN-\-hpw, {]I-cW-cXv\mIcw H
- ∂mw `mK-Ønepw, \b-N{IkmcØn-ep-sa-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≈X
- pam-Wv. tNX-\m-e£
- W
- wPo-h-t‚Xpw tNX-\m-clnXw APohw ˛ PUhpam-Wv. kXvI¿a-cq-]n-bmb ]pZvKew ]pWyhpw
]m]-I¿a-cq-]-amb ]pZvKew ]m]hpw sNøn-°p∂p.
kao£-I≥ ˛ Poh-P-UßfpsS e£Ww
icn-bm-sW-¶nepw PU-amb ]pZvKew ]m]-]pWy-bp-‡-am-Im≥ hgn-bn-√. ]m]-]p-Wy-ßƒ
sNøp∂ kz`mhw tNX-\-Øn-te-bp-≈q. F{Xsb{X PU-h-kvXp-°-fpt≠m Ah-sb√mw ]m]]p-Wy-c-ln-X-am-sW∂p ImWmw. Poh≥ A\mZn-bm-sW∂ hnizmkw icn-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ B
Aev ] \pw Aev ] - ⁄ - \ p- a mb Pohm- fl mhv
ap‡nZi-bn¬ k¿∆-⁄-\m-Ip-∂p F∂p hnizkn-°p-∂Xv icn-b-√. Aev]hpw Aev]-⁄-hpam-b-Xns‚ kma¿Yyhpw Ft∏mgpw AXn-cp-≈Xm-bn-cn-°pw.
PKØv, Poh≥, Pohs‚ I¿ahpw _‘hpw
F∂nh A\m-Zn-bm-sW∂v ssP\¿ hniz-kn-°p∂p. Fs¥- ∂ m¬ kwtbm- K - P - \ y- a mb PKØns‚ Imcy- I m- c - W - ß fpw {]hm- t l\
Imcyhpw, Pohs‚ I¿ahpw _‘hpw {]hm-lØm- e - √ msX kzcq- ] - Ø n¬ A\m- Z n- b - √ .
BsW∂p hniz-kn-®m¬ I¿a-_-‘-ß-fn¬
\n∂p hnSp-X-ep-s≠-s∂-ßs\ hniz-kn°pw?
A\m-Zn-bm-bXv Hcn-°epw hn´p-t]m-hpIbn-√.
A\m-Zn-bm-bXpw \in-°p-sa-¶n¬ \nß-fpsS
F√m A\m-Zn-hk
- vXp-°f
- p-tSbpw \miw {]k‡amIpw. At∏mƒ I¿a-Øns‚ \mihpw {]k‡-amIpw. A\mZn \nXy-am-sW-¶n¬ I¿ahpw
_‘hpw \nXy-am-Ipw. I¿aß-fn¬ \n∂p≈
57. t]Pv 336 apX¬ t\m°pI
58. B¿l-X-Z¿i-\w-˛87
328
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
hnSp-X-emWv ap‡n-sb-¶n¬, -F√m I¿a-ßfn¬\n-∂pap≈ hnSp-X¬ ap‡n-bpsS \nan-Øam-Ipw. At∏mƒ ap‡n ss\an-Øn-Ia
- mIpw. AXv
kZm \ne-\n-ev°p-I-bp-an-√. I¿aw I¿Ømhpw
XΩn¬ \nXy-_‘w D≠m-hp-I-bm¬ I¿ahpw
Hcn-°epw hn´p-am-dm-ØX
- m-Ipw. At∏mƒ \nßfptSbpw Xo¿∞- ¶ c- c p- t Sbpw ap‡n \nXy- a msW∂p ]d-™Xv icn-b-√m-Xm-Ipw.
tNmZyw:˛ [m\y- Ø ns‚ Dan- t ]m- b mtem,
A·n-kw-k¿K-ap-≠m-bmtem AXp apf-bv°m-ØXp- t ]mse ap‡n t\Snb Poh≥ ho≠pw
P\\acW cq]n-bmb kwkm-c-Øn¬ hcn-I-bn√.
DØcw:˛ Poh\pw I¿a-hp-am-bp≈ _‘w
Danbpw _oP-hp-am-bp-≈-Xp-t]mseb√. ChnsS
ka-hmb _‘-am-Wp-≈X
- v. A\m-Zn-Imew apX¬
Poh\pw AXns‚ I¿a-I¿ØrXz i‡n-bp-ambn
_‘-ap-≠v. AXn¬ I¿aw sNøm-\p≈ i‡n
Cs√∂p hcp-In¬ Poh≥ inem-Xp-ey-\m-Ipw.
ap‡n A\p-`-hn-°m\pw i‡n-bn-√m-Xm-Ipw.
A\m-Zn-Im-esØ I¿a-_‘
- \
- Ø
- n¬ \n∂p hn´v
Poh≥ ap‡-\m-Ip-sa-¶n¬ \nßfpsS \nXy
ap‡n-bn¬\n∂p hn´pw _‘-\-Øn¬ hogpw.
I¿a-cq-]n-bmb ap‡n-km-[-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂p hn´v
_‘-\-Ønepw s]Sm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. km[-\-ßfm¬ kn≤-amb hkvXp Hcn-°epw \nXy-am-hpI-bn-√. km[-\-kn-≤-a-√msX ap‡n-bp-s≠¶n¬
I¿a-ß-fn-√msX _‘-\-hp-am-Imw. hkv{X-ßfn¬ ]nSn-°p∂ Agp-°v, Igp-Ip-tºmƒ t]mbn,
ho≠pw ]nSn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXp-t]mse
anYyXzw apX-emb tlXp-°-fmepw cmK-tZz-jmZn- I sf B{i- b n®pw Poh≥ I¿a- c q- ] - a mb
êsØ A\p- ` - h n- ° p- ∂ p. bYm¿∞- a mb
⁄m\w, Z¿i-\w, k’z-`mhw F∂n-h-sIm≠v
\n¿a- e - a m- h p- s ∂- ∂ pw, amen- \ y- I - W - ß - f m¬
amen\y-ap-≠mIp∂p F∂p-am-sW-¶n¬ kwkmcn-bmb Poh≥ ap‡-\m-sW-∂pw ap‡-Po-h≥
kwkm-cn-bm-sW∂pw Icp-tX-≠n-hcpw. Fs¥∂m¬ amen\yw \nan-Øß
- f
- m-¬ amdp-∂p-sh-¶n¬
\nan-Ø-ß-fm¬ amen\yw ]pc-fp-Ibpw sNøpw.
AXn-\m¬ Pohs‚ _‘hpw ap‡nbpw {]hml-Øm¬ A\m-Zn-bm-sW∂p Icp-Xp-I-b-√msX
A\m-Znbpw B\-¥-hp-ambn A\m-Zn-bm-sW∂p
Icp-X-cp-Xv.
tNmZyw:˛ Poh≥ Hcn-°epw \n¿a-e-a-√m-bncp-∂p. amen-\y-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.
DØcw:˛ Hcp- Im-eØv \n¿a-ea
- m-bn-cp-∂X
- n\p
am{Xta ho≠pw \n¿a-e-am-Im-≥ Ign-bq. hkv{XØn¬ ]‰p∂ Agp°v Igp-In-°-fbmw. AXns‚
kzm`m- h n- I - a mb sh◊ If- b m- \ m- h p- I - b n- √ .
amen\yw ho≠pw ]pcfpw. CXp-t]msebmWv
ap‡n-bn-epw.
tNmZyw:˛ Poh≥ ]q¿hm¿PnX I¿a-Øm¬
ico-c-[m-cWw sNøp-∂p. Cuiz-c\v CXn¬ ]¶ps≠∂p Icp-Xp-∂Xv shdp-sX-bm-Wv.
DØcw:˛ I¿aw am{X-amWv ico-c-[m-c-WØn¬ \nan-Øw, Cuiz-c\
- √m F¶n¬ AXnZpxJap≈ Cuiz-c-P-∑-ß-sfm∂pw Pohm-flmhv Hcn°epw FSp-°p-I-tb-bn-√. Ft∏mgpw \√-\√
P∑-ßtf FSp-°q. I¿aw {]Xn-_-‘-am-I-W-sa∂m-sW-¶n¬, cmPmhv in£-\-evImsX I≈≥
kzbwh∂v Pbn-en¬ Ib-dm-Ø-Xp-t]m-sebpw,
kzbw Xq°n-te-dm-Ø-Xp-t]m-sebpw Poh\v
icocw \evIm\pw I¿a-êw \evIm\pw Cuizc-\ps≠∂p \nßfpw hniz-kn-®p-sImƒI.
tNmZyw:˛ aZw ˛ elcn ˛ t]mse I¿a-êhpw kzbw {]m]vX-am-Ip-∂p. êw \evIm≥
as‰m-cm-fns‚ Bh-iy-an-√.
DØcw:˛ Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬, aZy-]m\w
[mcmfw sNøp-∂-h¿°v Ipd®pw ]cn-N-b-an-√mØ-h¿°v IqSp-Xepw el-cn-]n-Sn-°p-∂X
- p-t]mse
\nXyhpw hfsc ]m]- ] p- W y- ß ƒ sNøp∂h¿°v Ipd®pw h√-t∏mgpw Ipd®p sNøp-∂h¿°v IqSp-Xepw êw e`n-°-Ww. Aev]w
I¿aw sNøp-∂-h¿°v IqSp-X¬ êw In´-Ww.
tNmZyw:˛ Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cp-tSbpw kz`m-h-a-\p-kcn-®t√ êw e`n-°p-∂-Xv?
DØcw:˛
kz`m- h - Ø m- e m- s W- ¶ n¬
AXn¬\n∂p hnSp-Itbm AXp e`n-°p-Itbm
C√. ip≤hkv{X-Øn¬ \nan-ØØm¬ Agp°p
]pc-fp-∂p, \nan-Ø-Øm¬ Igp-I-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cßs\ Icp-Xp-I-bmhpw DØ-aw.
tNmZyw:˛ kwtbm-Ka-√msX I¿a-]-cn-WmasØ {]m]n-°p-I-bn√. ]men¬ ]pfn tNcmsX
ssXcm- h p- I - b n- √ m- Ø - X p- t ]mse, Poh\pw
I¿ahpw tN¿∂v I¿a-]-cn-Wmaw D≠m-Ip-∂p.
329
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
DØcw:˛ ]mepw ]pfnbpw tN¿°p-∂Xv as‰mcm-fm-Wv. AXp-t]mse Poh\pw I¿a-hp-ambn
tN¿°p-∂-Xn\v Cuiz-c≥ thWw. Fs¥-∂m¬
PU-hkvXp \nb-a-]q¿hw kzbw tNcp-I-bn-√.
Poh≥ Aev]-⁄-\m-I-bm¬ kzbw I¿a-êsØ {]m]n-°p-hm≥ Ign-hn-√. Cuiz-c-\m¬
hyh-ÿm-]nX-amb krjvSn-{I-a-an-√msX I¿a-ê-hy-hÿ km[y-a-s√∂v CXn-\m¬ kn≤n-°p∂p.
tNmZyw:˛ I¿a-Øn¬ \n∂p ap‡-\m-Ip-∂bm-ft√ Cuiz-c≥.
DØcw:˛ A\m-Zn-Imew apX¬ Poh≥ I¿ahp-ambn tN¿∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-sW-¶n¬ AXn¬
\n∂v Hcn-°epw ap‡n-bn-√.
tNmZyw:˛ I¿aØns‚ _‘-Øn\v BZn-bp≠v.
DØcw:˛ BZn-bp-≈X
- m-sW-¶n¬ I¿a-Øns‚
kwtbmKw -A-\m-Zn-b-√. kwtbm-K-Øn-\p-apºv
Poh≥ I¿a-lo-\-\o-bn-cn-°-Ww. \njvI¿a-am-bXn\v I¿aw _m[n-®m¬ ap‡\pw _m[n-°pw.
I¿ahpw I¿Ømhpw XΩn¬ ka-hmb _‘w
AYhm \nXy-_‘w D≠mhpw. AXv Hcn-°epw
hnSp-Ib
- n-√. AXn-\m¬ HºXmw kap-√m-kØ
- n¬
Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv AwKo-I-cn-°p-I-bmWv DNnXw.
Poh≥ kz¥w kma¿Yyhpw ⁄m\hpw
F{X-I≠v h¿≤n-∏n-®mepw AXn¬ ]cn-an-X⁄m-\-hpw kma¿Yy-hpta D≠m-Iq. Hcn-°epw
Cuiz-cXp-ey-am-hp-I-bn-√. F{X-I≠v kma¿Yyw
h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂Xv DNn-X-tam, A{Xbpw tbmKØm¬ h¿≤n-∏n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
ssP\n-I-fpsS Al-X-∑m¿ ico-c-]-cn-am-W-a\p-kc
- n®v Pohm-flm-hns‚ hep∏w AwKo-Ic
- n-°p∂-t√m. 59 Aß-s \-b m-s W-¶ n¬ B\- bpsS
Poh≥ IoS-Ønepw IoS-Øns‚ Poh≥ B\bnepw Fßs\ HXpßp-sa∂v Ah-tcmSv tNmZn°-Ww, CXpw auVy-am-Wv. Poh≥ Hcp kq£va]-Zm¿∞-am-Wv. AXn-s\mcp ]c-am-Wp-hn-epw
hkn-°mw. F∂m¬ AXns‚ i‡n-Iƒ ico-cØn¬ {]mW≥, hnZyp-Xv, \mUnIƒ apX-em-b59.Bflm-{]-Xy-£m-Zn-{]-am-W-kn≤x ssNX-\y-cq]x ]cnWmao I¿Øm-km-£mXv t`m‡m kztZl ]cn-amWx
({]-I-c-W-c-Xv\-kmcw `mKw 1)
h-bp-ambn kwtbm-Pn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠mWv ico-c-Øn-se√mw h¿Øn-°p∂p F∂dn-bp-∂-Xv. k’w-Kw-sIm≠v \√Xpw, Ipkw-KwsIm≠v NoØ-bp-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.
ssP\¿ [¿aw C{]- I m- c - a m- s W∂p IcpXp∂p:˛
aqew:˛ tc Poh `h ZplmC C°w Nnb
lcC PnW-abw [¿Ωw. Cb-cmWw ]caw
tXm kpl-Itø aqV apkn-Hmkn. ({]-I-c-W-cXv\m-Icw `mKw 2. jjvSo-i-XIw 60, kq{Xm¶w
3)
kw£n-]vXm¿Yw:˛ FtSm Pohm, Htc-tbmcp
ssP\-aXw, {ioho-X-cm-K-`m-jnX [¿aw, am{Xta
kwkmc kw_-‘n-X-amb P\-\-P-cm-a-c-Wm-Zn-ZpxJ- ß sf lcn- ° p- ∂ - X m- b p- ≈ p. CXp- t ]mse
t{ijvT-tZ-h-∑cpw kZvKpcp-°-∑mcpw ssP\-a-X°m¿ am{X-am-Wv. CX-c¿ ˛ho-X-cm-K-\mb Ej-`tZ-h≥ apX¬ alm-ho-c≥ hsc-bp≈p hoX-Xcm- K - c mb tZh- ∑ m- c n¬\n∂v `n∂- c mb lcn,
lc≥, {_“mhv apX-em-b-h-sc√mw Zp¿t±-h-XI-fm-Wv. \∑-bv°mbn Ahsc `Pn-°p-∂-h¿
h©n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
CXn-s‚-kmcw C{X-am-{X-amWv ˛ ssP\-a-XØnse t{ijvT-tZ-h∑mscbpw kZvKp-cp-°-∑mscbpw hn´v a‰v Zp¿t±-h-X-I-tfbpw ZpjvS-Kp-cp°-∑m-scbpw tkhn-®m¬ Hcp \∑bpw D≠m-hpI-bn-√.
kao-£-I≥:- Ch-cpsS aX-{K-Ÿ-ßƒ F{X
\nµm-`-cn-X-am-sW∂v hnZzm-∑m¿ Nn¥nt°≠-XmWv.
aqew:˛ Acnlw tZthm kpKpcp kp≤w
[Ωw N ]©-\h
- °
-- tcm, [∂mWw Ib-—mWw
\nc-¥cw hkC lnb-bΩn (Sn. 2.60.1)
kw£n- ] v X m¿Yw ˛ tZth{µ]qPn- X - \ mb
A¿l- ¥ - t \- ° mƒ DØ- a - a mbn as‰m- ∂ n- √ .
tZhtZh\pw {ioam\pw ⁄m\-{In-bm-im-enbpw
imkvt{Xm]-tZ-jvSmhpw, ip≤-\pw, \njvI-f¶\pw, Zbm-ephpw ⁄m\-Øns‚bpw \∑-bpsSbpw Dd-hn-S-hp-amb {ioPn-\\pw At±-l-ap-]tZ- i n- ® [¿a- h p- a m- W v Zp¿K- X n- b n¬s]´
{]mWnIsf kap-≤-cn-°p-∂Xv. a‰v lcn-l-cm-ZnI-fpsS [¿aw kwkm-c-Øn¬ \n∂v D≤cn°m≥
t]mcp-∂X-√. A©v hmgvØ-s∏´ A¿l¥
∑m¿°pw _‘p-°ƒ°pw \a-kvIm-cw. \mev
330
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
KpWßƒ hmgvØs
- ∏´hbm-Wv. Ah, Zb, £a,
kay-IvXz-⁄m\w, tZh-Z¿i\w k’z`m-hw
F∂n-h-bm-Wv.
kao-£-I≥:-˛ a\p-jy-t\m-Sn-√mØ Zb-b-√.
£abpw Aßs\ Xs∂. ⁄m\-Øn\p ]Icw
A⁄m-\hpw tZh-Z¿i-\-Øn-\p-]-Icw A‘Im-chpw, k’z-`m-hØn\p ]Icw ]ń-Wn-In-S°epw Fßs\ \√-h-bmIpw? Zbbpw £abpw
\√-h-bm-sW-¶nepw ]£-]m-X-Øn¬ s]´p-I-gn™m¬ £a A£-abpw Zb Zb-bn-√m-bvabpw
Bbn-t∏m-Ipw. bmsXmcp Pohn-tbbpw ZpxJn-∏n°m-Xn-cn-°p-IbmWv CXns‚ {]tbm-P\
- w. ]t£
Akm-[y-am-Wn-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬ ZpjvS-∑msc
in£n°p-∂Xpw Zb-bn¬ s]Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. Hcp
ZpjvS\p in£-\-evIm-Xn-cp-∂m¬ Bbncw a\pjy¿°v ZpxJap≠m-Ipw. AXn-\m¬ B Zb Zbbn-√m-bvabpw £a A£-a-bp-am-Ipw.
F√m Poh-Iƒ°pw ZpxJ-\m-ihpw kpJ{]m]vXn D≠m-Im-\p≈ D]m-b-Øn\v Zb-sb∂p
]d-bp-∂Xv icn-bm-Wv. sh≈w Acn®p IpSn-°p∂Xpw £p{Z-Po-hn-Isf c£n-°p-∂Xpw am{X-a√
Zb. C{]-Im-c-ap≈ Zb ssP\n-Iƒ ]d-bp-s∂t∂-bp-≈q sNøp-∂n-√. GXp aX-Øn¬ s]´-h\p-am-Is´, a\p-jy-tcmSp Zb-hp-Imń Ahsc
A∂-]m-\m-Zn-Iƒ \evIn kevIc
- n-°p-∂Xpw, CXc-a-X-ÿ-cmb hnZzm∑msc _lp-am-\n®p ip{iqjn-°p-∂Xpw Zb-bt√? Ch¿°v bYm¿∞ Zb
D≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ hnth-I-kmcw F∂ {KŸØns‚ 221-˛mw t]Pn¬ FgpXn-bn-cn-°p∂Xv icnbm-Iptam?
1. ]c-a-X-kvXp-Xn-sN-øp-I. 2. Ahsc hµn-°pI. 3. Be-]\w; Ah-tcmSp kwkm-cn-°p-I. 4.
kwe-]\w; ho≠pw ho≠pw Ah-tcmSp kwkmcn-°p-I, 5. Ah¿°v A∂-hk
- v{XmZn Zm\w sNøpI., 6. K‘-]p-jv]m-Zn-Zm\w sNbvI F∂o Bdv
bmX-\-Iƒ ˛ Bdp-hn[ {]hr-Øn-Iƒ ssP\nIƒsNøm≥ ]mSn-√.
kao-£-I≥:˛ ssP\n-Iƒ°v a‰p-≈-h-tcmSv
F{X-I≠v Zb-bn-√m-bvabpw shdp∏pw tZzjhpw
Ds≠∂v _p≤n-am≥am¿ Btem-Nn-°-Ww. a‰p-aX-ÿ-tcmSv C{X-I≠v \n¿±-b-cmb ssP\sc
Zbm-lo-\-sct∂ ]d-bm-hq. Fs¥-∂m¬ kz¥°msc am{Xw ip{iq-jn-°p-∂Xv hntij [¿aam-hn-√. Ah-cpsS aX-°m¿ Ah-cpsS kz¥-°mcm- W v . AXn- \ m¬ Ahsc ip{iq- j n- ° p- ∂ p.
A\ysc shdp-°p-∂p. GXp _p≤n-am-\mWv
Chsc Zbm-ep-°ƒ F∂p ]d-bm-\m-hpI?
hnth-I-kmcw 108-˛mw t]Pn¬ Cßs\ FgpXn-bn-cn-°p∂p:- ˛ ""aYp-cb
- nse cmPm-hns‚ \aqNo
F∂ Znhms\ ssP\-b-Xn-Iƒ XßfpsS hntcm[n-bm-sW-∂-dn™v sIm∂p-I-f-bp-Ibpw BtembW ({]m-b-›nØw) sNbvXv ip≤-am-Ibpw
sNbvXp.''
kao-£-I≥:˛ CXv Zb-bpsSbpw £a-bpsSbpw \miI¿a-at√? ]c-a-X-ÿ-cpsS Pohlm-\n-hsc sNøp∂ sshc-_p≤nIsf Zbm-epsh-∂-Xn-\p-]-Icw lnwk-I-sc-∂t√ hnfn-t°-≠Xv?
\mep-ap-‡n-km-[-\-ßƒ
C\n kay- I v Z ¿i- \ m- Z n- I - f psS e£Ww
""A¿lX {]h-N\ kw{Klw''. ""]c-am-K-a-\kmcw'' F∂n-h-bn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xp t\m°mw:˛
""kayIv {i≤m≥, kayIv Z¿i≥, ⁄m\w,
Nmcn{Xw F∂nh \memWv tam£km-[\
- ß
- ƒ''.
Chsb tbmK-tZh≥ hymJym-\n-®n-´p-≠v.
""Pohm-Zn-{Z-hy-ßƒ GXp-cq-]-Øn¬ ÿnXn
sNøp-∂p-sh∂v ssP\-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn®n-cn-°p-∂pthm ˛ AXn\p hn]-co-X-amb A`n\n-th-im-Zn-I-fn-√msX ˛ {i≤bpw {]oXnbpw
]pe¿Øp-∂-Xn\v kay-Iv{i-≤m≥ F∂pw kayIvZ¿i-\-sa∂pw ]d-bp-∂p.''
""cpNncv Pnt\m-‡X-tØzjp kay-I{v i-≤m\
apNytX'' 60 ssP\-{]-Xn-]m-Zn-X-amb XØzßfn¬ A[nIw {i≤-bp-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. a‰p≈-h-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cn-°-cp-sX-∂¿∞w.
bYm-h-ÿn-X-X-Øzm\mw kwt£-]m-ZvhnkvX-tc-Whm tbm t_m[-kvX-a-{Xmlpx kayKv⁄m\w a\o-jnWx 61 Pohm-Zn-X-Øz-ßƒ
F{]-ImcamtWm Ah-bpsS kw£n-]vXtam
hnkvXr-Xtam Bb t_m[-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-Xn\v
kay-Iv⁄m-\-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
""kcv∆YmfhZytbmKm\mw XymK-›m-cn-{X-apNytX, IocvØnXw XZ-lnw-km-Zn-{h-Xt`tZ\
]©[m Alnw-km-kq-\r-Xm-kvtXb {_“-Ncym-]-cn-{Klmx''
F√m {]Im-c-Ønepw \nµ-\o-b-amb A\y-a-
331
60. B¿l-X-Z¿i\w ˛62.
61. B¿l-Z¿i-\w-˛63
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
X-_-‘-ß-fpsS XymK-amWv Nmcn-{Xw. AlnwkmZn hyXy-kvX-ß-fmb A©p {hX-ß-fp-≠v.
H∂v Alnw-k. Hcp {]mWn-tbbpw lnwkn-°mbvI. c≠v, kq\y-Xm. {]nb-hm-°p-Iƒ ]d-bp-I.
aq∂v AkvtXbw. tamjvSn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I. \mev,
{_“-Ncyw, D]-tÿ-{µn-b-kw-b-a\w ˛ A©v,
A]-cn-{Klw. k¿h-h-kvXp-°fpw XyPn-°p-I.
kao-£-I≥:˛ Ch-bn¬ an°-hbpw \√-Imcy-ßfm-Wv. Alnwk; Ifhv apX-emb \nµyIm- c y- ß ƒ D- t ]£n°pI CsX√mw \√Xp
Xs∂. F∂m¬ A\y-a-X-ßsf \nµn-°p-I-ap-Xemb tZmj-ßƒ \nanØw \√Xpw NoØbmbn. ""A\y- l - c n- l cm- Z n- I - f psS [¿aw
temIsØ D≤-cn-°p-∂X
- √'' apX-emb ]cma¿ißƒ. Ah-cpsS ]pkvX-I-ßƒ t\m°msX
NoØ-bm-sW∂p ]d-bp-Ib
- m-Wv. CXv Nn√d \nµbmtWm? AXp-t]mse apI-fn¬ hnh-cn® Akw`-hy-ßfmb Imcy-ßƒ ]d™ Xo¿Y-¶-c-∑msc
kvXpXn-°p-∂Xpw shdpw imTyw am{X-am-Wv.
ssP\-a-X-Ønse [¿a-{]-iwk:
-aqew:˛ PC \ IpWkn Xh NcWw \
]Tkn \ KptWkn tZkn t\m ZmW-av. Xm
CØnbw k°nkn PwtZthm C° Acn-lt¥m, ({]-I-cW `m. 2.60.2)
kw£n-]vXm¿Yw:˛ a\pjym! \n\°v X]-kznbm-Imt\m k’z`m-hn-bm-Imt\m, ]WvUn-X-\mImt\m, ta[m-hn-bm-Imt\m kZv]m-{X-Øn¬
Zm\w sNømt\m Ign-bp-∂n-s√-¶nepw, Bcm-[\bv°v Htc-sbmcp A¿l-\mb A¿l-¥-s\∂G-ItZh\v Bcm-[-\-b¿∏n-°m\pw ssP\--[¿ΩØn¬ hniz-kn-°m\pw Ign-™m¬ AXp-aXn.
\ns‚ D≤-c-W-Øn-\p≈ GI hgn-bm-W-Xv.
kao-£-I≥:˛ k’z`m-h-an-s√-¶nepw, ]Tn°mt\m Zm\w sNømt\m Ign-™n-s√-¶nepw
""ssP\-aXw kXy-am-sW∂p'' am{Xw ]d-bp-∂Xp-sIm≠v Abmƒ DØ-a-\m-Iptam? A\y-a-Xÿ- c mb t{ijv T ¿ \nIr- j v S - c p- a m- I ptam?
Cßs\ ]d- b p- ∂ - h - c psS {`m¥pw _me- _ p≤nbpw F¥m-Wmthm! CXn¬\n∂p hy‡-amIp-∂Xv Ch-cpsS BNm-cy-∑m¿ kzm¿Yn-I-fm-bncp∂p F∂pw ]q¿W-hn-Zzm-∑m-c-√m-bncp-s∂-∂pam-Wv. F√m-h-tcbpw \nµn-°m-Ø-]£w Chcp-sS-h-e-bn¬ Bsc-¶nepw s]Sp-Itbm kz¥w
CjvSw km[n-°p-Itbm sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.
ssP\-aXw ssP\-aXw At[m-K-Xn-°p≈ hgnbm-sW∂pw sshZnI [¿Ωw am{Xta D≤-cn°p-I-bp-≈q F∂pw kn≤n-°p-∂p. lcn-l-cm-ZntZ-h∑m¿ \√-hcpw Ch-cpsS Ej-`-tZ-h\pw a‰pw
Zp¿t±-hX
- I
- f
- m-sW∂pw ]d-™m¬ Ch¿s°-¥ptXm∂pw? tZzjw tXm∂p-I-bnt√?
Ch- c psS BNm- c y- ∑ m¿°pw hnizm- k nIƒ°pw ]‰nb sX‰p-Iƒ C\n-bpap≠v:˛
aqew:˛ PnW-hc BWm-`wKw Da§ D p-‡tek tZk-WD BWm `tK ]mhwXm PnWab Zp°cw [Ω-av. ({]-I-cW ˛ `m 2.60. 11)
kwx A¿Yw:˛ D∑m¿Kw D’q{Xw F∂n-hbpsS teJ\ßƒ Bsc-sb-¶nepw ImWn-°p∂-Xp-sIm≠v Pn\-h-c-∑m-cpsS, AYhm hoX-cmK-cmb Xo¿∞-¶-ccpsS B⁄m-ew-L\w kw`hn-°p-∂p. AXv ZpxJ-tl-Xp-hmb ]m]-am-Wv. Pn\h-c≥ Acp-fnb kay-‡zw apX-emb [¿a-ßƒ
{Kln-°p-hm≥ hnj-a-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Pn\-hcs‚ B⁄bv°p `wKw hcm- Ø - h Æw
{]h¿Øn-°-Ww.
kao-£-I≥:˛ kzbw {]iw-kn-°p-I, kz¥w
aX-amWv t{ijvT-sa∂p ]d-bp-I, a‰p-≈-hsb
\nµn°pI F∂nh aqV-∑m-cpsS {]hr-Øn-bmWv.
a‰p hnZzm-∑m¿ {]iw-kn-°p-s∂-¶n¬ AXmWv
icn. I≈- ∑ m¿°v kzbw {]iw- k n- ° p- h m≥
Ignbpw AXp-sIm≠v Ah¿ {]iw-k-\o-b-cm-Ip∂p- t ≠m? AXp- t ]msebmWv Ch- c psS
Imcyhpw.
ssP\n-I-tf-t∏mse ]£-]m-X-°m-cn-√.
aqew:˛ _lp-KpW hnPvQm \ne Hm D pØ- ` m- k o- X - l mhnapØthm Pl hcaWnPqtXm hnlp hnKv[- I tcm hnkltcmtemtb (Sn. 2.18)
kw A¿∞w:˛ hnj-k¿]-Øns‚ intcmcXv\w XymPy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse ssP\-aX-Øn-e-√m-Ø-bmƒ F{X-h-enb [m¿an-It\m
]WvUn-Xt\m Bbmepw icn Bbmsf XyPn°p-∂-XmWv ssP\¿°v DNn-Xw.
kao-£I
- ≥:˛ F{X sX‰m-Wn-sX∂p t\m°q.
Ch-cpsS injy-∑mcpw BNm-cy-∑mcpw hnZzm-∑mcm-bn-cps∂-¶n¬, hnZzm-∑msc CjvS-s∏-t´-s\.
Ch-cpsS Xo¿Y-¶-c-∑m¿ klnXw Ghcpw AhnZzm-∑m-cm-I-bm¬ hnZzm≥amsc \nµn-°msX¥pw
332
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
sNøpw? kz¿Ww Agp-°ntem s]mSnbntem InS∂mepw Bcm\pw Dt]-£n-°ptam? ssP\n-Isf-t∏mse ]£-]m-Xn-Ifpw Zpcm-{K-ln-I-fp-ambn
Bcp-an-s√∂v CXn¬ \n∂p sXfn-bp-∂p.
aqew:˛ AC-kb ]mhnb ]mhm [ΩnA
]t∫kp tXmhn-]m-h-cbm \-Ne¥n kp≤
[Ωm [∂m Inhn-]mh ]t∆kp (Sn. 2.29)
kw. A¿Yw:˛ A\y-kn-≤m-¥-°m-cmb IenwKn-Isf AXm-bXv ssP\-[¿a-hn-tcm-[n-Isf,
ssP\¿ IWn-t]mepw I≠p-Iq-Sm.
kao- £ - I ≥:˛ CsX{Xtbm ]ma- c - X - b msW∂v _p≤n-am∑m¿ Nn¥n-°-Ww. kXy-amb
[¿a- Ø n¬ hniz- k n- ° p- ∂ - h \v Bscbpw
Iqtk≠ Imcy-an-√. Ch-cpsS BNm-cy-∑m¿°pXs∂ Xß-fpsS aXw aW¬sIm´m-c-sa-∂-dn-bmam-bn-cp-∂p. Bsc-¶nepw I≠m¬ XI¿∂p Xcn∏-W-am-Ipw. AXn-\m¬ F√m-h-tcbpw \nµn-°pI, aqVsc he-bn¬ hogvØpI!
aqew:˛ \maw ]n X Akplw tPW \nZnTmCu an—-]-∆m-bo. tPknw AWp-kw-KmD
[ΩoWhn tlmC ]mh aC (Sn. 2.27)
kw. A¿∞w :˛ ssP\-a-X-Øn\p hncp-≤-amb
[¿Ω-ßsf√mw a\p-jysc ]m]n-If
- m-°p-∂h
- b
- mWv, AXn-\m¬ a‰p-a-X-ß-sfm∂pw hniz-kn°msX ssP\aX-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-XmWv
t{ijvTw.
kao- £ - I ≥:˛ F√m- h - t cmSpw sshcw,
hntcm[w, Cu¿jy, \nµ apX-emb ZpjvI¿Ωß-fpsS kmK-c-Øn¬ ap°p-∂-XmWv ssP\[¿a-sa∂v CXn¬\n∂p sXfn-bp-∂p. ssP\n-Isf-t∏mse ]c-aX-\nµ sNøp-∂-hcpw A[¿anI-fp-ambn a‰mcpw D≠m-hn-√. Hcp hiØv as‰√m-h-tcbpw \nµn-°p-I. adp-h-iØv kzbw AXn{]-iwk sNøpI F∂nh iT-∑m-cpsS ]Wnbt√? hnth-I-ap-≈-h¿, GXp aX-Øn-te-bp-amIs´, \√Xv \√-sX∂pw NoØ NoØ-sb-∂pat√ ]dbq?
aqew:˛ lml KpcpA AIPvQ kmao
\lp A∞n I ]p°-cntam, Il PnW
hb\ Il kpKpcp kmhbm Il Cb
AIPvQw (Sn. 2. 35)
kw. A¿Yw:-˛ k¿h⁄ hN-\-amb Pn\-`mjn-X-ßfpw ssP\-k-Zv-Kp-cp-°-∑mcpw ssP\[¿ahpw FhnsS? CXn\p hn]-co-X-amb A\y-
Zp¿Kp-cp-°-∑mcpw D]-tZ-i-Icpw FhnsS? AXmbXv Rß-fp-tSXv kZvKp-cp-°∑
- mcpw kt±-hI
- fpw
k≤¿Ωn-Ifpw A\y-cptSXv Zp¿Kp-cp-°-∑mcpw
Zp¿t±-h-X-Ifpw A[¿an-I-fp-am-Wv.
kao-£-I≥:-˛ CXv, X≥]n≈ s]m≥]n≈
as‰√mw Nm]n≈ F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bmWv. Ch¿ `n∂-a-Xm-\p-bm-bn-Isf am\n-°p-∂Xv
]m]-ambn FÆp-∂p.
k¿∏Øns‚ intcm-cXv\w XyPn-°p-I-bmWv
DNn- X - s a∂v t\csØ FgpXn- b - X p- t ]mse,
CXc [¿am-h-ew-_n-I-sf XyPn-°-W-a-t{X. CXne-[nIw \nµn-°p-∂Xp t\m°pI:˛
aqew:˛ kt∏m- C°w acWw IpKpcp AW¥mC tZl ac-WmC, tXm hcn-k∏w Klnbpw
am IpKp-tkhWw `Zq-av. (Sn. 2. 36)
kw. A¿Yw:˛ ssP\-cn¬ \n∂p `n∂-cmb
F√m Zp¿Kp-cp-°-∑mcpw k¿∏-tØ-°mƒ NoØbm-Wv. Ahsc ImWp-Itbm ip{iq-jn-°p-Itbm
kwK-an-°p-Itbm sNø-cp-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬ ]mºpI-Sn-®m¬ Hcn-°te acn-°q. A\y-a-X-ÿ-cmb
Zp¿Kp-cp-°-∑m-cpsS kwKw -sIm≠v At\Iw
XhW P\-\a
- c
- W
- ß
- f
- p-≠mIpw. AXn-\m¬ \√htc! Ah-cpsS ASp-°¬ sN∂p \nev°p-I-t]mep-a-cp-Xv. AXp-\n-an-Øw ZpxJ-km-K-c-Øn¬ ]Xn°m-\n-S-bm-Ipw.
kao-£I
- ≥:˛ t\m°pI! ssP\n-Is
- f-t∏mse
{`m¥- N n- Ø cpw ItTm- c - t Zzjn- I fpw ]c- \ n\nµIcp-am-b-hcmcpw A\y-aXÿ¿°n-S-bn¬
D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. A\ysc \nµn-°p-Ibpw
kzbw {]iw- k n- ° p- I bpw sNbv X n- s √- ¶ n¬
Xßsf Bcpw _lp-am-\n-°p-Itbm tkhn-°pItbm sNøp-I-bn-s√-∂nh¿ hnNm-cn-®n-cn-°mw.
]t£ CX-hc
- psS Zu¿`mKyambn-t∏m-bn. Fs¥∂m¬ k÷\ kwk¿Khpw k’wKhpw
IqSmsX bYm¿∞ ⁄m\hpw kXy-[¿a-{]m]vXnbpw Hcn-°epw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. AXn-\m¬
hnZym-hn-cp-≤-cmb anYy-Isf shSn™v thtZm‡-amb kXy [¿Ω-ßsf kzoI-cn-°p-∂X
- mhpw
-ssP-\n-Iƒ°v awK-f-{]-Zw.
aqew:˛ Inw `Wntam In¶cntam XmW
lbm- k W [nSvT- Z p- S vTm- W av tPZwkn
DuWnenwKw JnhwXn\-c-bkvan ap≤-P-Ww.
(Sn. 2.40)
333
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
kw. A¿Yw:˛ awK- f - { ]- X o£ \in®v ,
[m¿jvSy-tØmsS h¿Py-amb ZpjvSm-Nm-c-ßƒ
am{Xw sNøp-∂-Xn¬ AXn-N-Xp-c-cmb ZpjvS-tcmsS¥p ]d-bm-\mWv? F¥p-sN-øm-\mWv. Ah¿
C´ ssI°p ISn-°p-∂-h-cmWv. D]-Imcw sNøp∂- h sc sIm∂p- X n- ∂ p- ∂ - h - s c- t ∏m- s e- b mWv
Zp¿Kp-cp-°-∑m¿. Ah¿°p-]-I-cw sNøp-∂Xv
kzbw \miw hcp-Ønh-bv°-em-Wv. AXn-\m¬
Ah-cn¬\n∂vI-∂n-cn-°p-I.
kao-£-I≥:˛ ssP\n-I-sf-t∏mse a‰p-≈hcpw Nn¥n-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ ssP\¿°v F¥p
Zp¿K-Xn-bm-Ip-am-bn-cp∂p! Bcpw Ahsc klmbn-°p-I-bns√-¶n¬ F¥p IjvS-∏m-Sp-≠mIpw!
a‰p≈h-cpsS ÿnXnbpw CXp-X-s∂-bm-sW∂v
Ah¿ F¥p-sIm≠v Icp-Xp-∂n√!
aqew:˛ Pl-Pl XpĆ [tΩm Pl-Pl
ZpSvTmW tlmC ACDZDw, ka-±n-SvTn-Pn-bmWw
Xl-Xl D√-kC kaØw (Sn. 2. 42)
kwx A¿Yw:˛ Z¿i-\-{`-jvS-cpw, hnhn[ BNmc-°mcpw a‰p-amb ZpjvS-hn-{]-∑m-cpsS ]qPm-kev ° m- c - ß fn¬ Ah- c psS i‡nbpw a‰pw
h¿≤n°p-s∂-¶nepw ssP\m-flm-°-fpsS kayKvZr-jvSn-I-fmb Pohm-flm-°-fpsS kay‡zw
hntijm¬ shfn-hmIps∂-∂Xv hfsc B›cyw-X-s∂!
kao- £ - I ≥:˛ Cu ssP\tc- ° m- f - [ nIw
Cu¿jybpw tZzjhpw sshc-_p-≤nbpw thsd
B¿s°-¶n-ep-apt≠m F∂p t\m°q. a‰p aXß- f nepw Cu¿jym- t Zz- j m- Z n- I - f p- s ≠- ¶ nepw
ssP\n-If
- n-ep≈t]mse Fßp-an-√. tZzjw ]m]Øns‚ Imc-W-am-Wv. At∏mƒ ssP\-a-X-Øn¬
]m]m-N-cWw D≈-Xn-e-¤pX-an-√.
aqew:˛ kwtKmhn PmW AlnD tXknw
[Ωm-CtP ]I∆¥n apØqW tNmc-kwKw
Ic¥n tXtNm-cnbw ]mhm (Sn. 2, 75)
kw. A¿Yw:-˛ CXns‚ apJy {]tbm-P\w
CXm-Wv:˛ I≈∑mcp-ambn kwk¿K-ap-≈-h≥
\mkn-Im-tOZ\w apX-emb in£-Iƒ Imcyam-°m-Ø-Xp-t]mse ssPt\-X-c-amb I≈ aXß-fn¬ D≈-h¿ kz¥w A[x-]-X-\sØ KWyam-°p-∂n-√.
kao-£-I≥:˛ Xs∂t∏msebmWv a‰p-≈-hsc∂v a\p-jy¿ Icp-Xp-∂p. a‰p aX-ß-sf√mw
\nIr-jvShpw ssP\-aXw am{Xw DØ-a-sa∂pw
]d-bp-∂-Xn-se-¥m-W¿∞w? a\p-jy-cn¬ AXnbmb A⁄m- \ hpw Zpjv S - k w- k ¿§- Ø m¬
{`jvS-_p-≤nbpw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-thmfw a‰p-≈-htcm-Sp≈ Cu¿jym-tZz-jm-Zn-Zp-jvSXIƒ hn´p-amdp-I-bn-√. ssP\-a-X-Ønse ]c-tZzjw t]mse
as‰ßpta C√.aqew:˛ P— ]kp- a - l n- k - e - c Im ]∆w
tlma¥n ]mh-\-h-aoG ]qA¥n Xw]n
kVvVm lm loem hob-cm-b (Sn. 2.76)
kw. A¿Yw:˛ ]q¿h-kq-{X-Øn¬ ssP\-c-√mØ-h-sc√mw anYym-Xzn-Ifpw Xßƒ kay-‡znI-fpw˛ as‰-√mcpw ]m]n-Iƒ Xßƒ ]pWym-flm°ƒ ˛ F∂p ]d- ™ p. AXn- \ m¬
anYymXznIfpsS aXsØ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-bmƒ
]m]n-bm-Wv.
kao-£-I≥:-˛ a‰p-≈-h-cpsS {hX-ß-fmb
Nmap-WvUn, Imfn, Ime-ss`-c-h≥ apX-em-b-hcpsS ]m]-\-han AYhm Zp¿Km\han XpSßnb
{hX-ßƒ NoØ-bm-sW-¶n¬ \nß-fpsS ]÷pjWw BZn-bmb {hX-ßfpw NoØ-bt√? Ah
Zpcn-X-]q¿W-hp-am-Wv. hma-am¿Kn-I-fpsS A\mNm-c-ßsf JWvUn-®Xv DNn-Xw-Xs∂ F∂m-¬
imk-\t- Z-hn, acp-Xt- Z-hn apX-em-bh
- t- bbpw hnizkn-°msX JWvU\w sNtø-≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.
Rß-fpsS tZhn-am¿ lnwkn-°p-∂h
- c
- s
- √∂p ]dt™-°mw. imk-\t- Zhn Hcp a\p-jy-s‚bpw Hcp
BSn-s‚bpw IÆp-Iƒ Nqgv∂v FSp-Ø-Xm-Wv.
]ns∂-ß-s\-bmWv Ah¿ cm£-knbpw, Zp¿Kbp-tSbpw Imfn-bp-tSbpw ktlm-Z-cn-bp-a-√m-Xn-cn°pI? kz¥w ]©-JmWw apX-emb {hX-ßƒ
AXn- t {i- j v T - s a∂pw \h- a nbpw a‰pw Zpjv S sa∂pw ]d-bp-∂Xv XnI™ auVy-am-Wv. a‰p≈-h-cpsS D]-hm-ksØ \nµn-°p-I, kz¥w D]hm-ksØ kvXpXn-°p-I. F∂Xv auVyw-Xs∂.
kXy-`m-jWw apX-emb {hX-ß-sf-Sp-°p-∂-tXh¿°pw DØ-aa
- m-Wv. ssP\-cp-tS-Xm-bmepw BcptS-Xm-bmepw D]-hmkw {hX-a-√.
aqew:- ˛ thkmW hwZn- b mW amlW
Spw_mW PcIknc-ImWw, `Øm-`c
- I
- S- vTmWw
hnbmWw P¥n ZqtcWw (Sn. 2. 82)
kw. A¿Yw:˛ thiy-Iƒ, IqØm-Sn-Iƒ, KmbI¿, {_m“-W¿, KtW-im-Zn-Iƒ, tZhn-am¿ apXem-b-hsc ]qPn-°p∂ `‡cpw Ch-cn¬ hnizkn-°p-∂-hcpw F√mw Xa- n¬ apßp-∂-hcpw
334
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
ap°p-∂-h-cp-am-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ B tZh-∑m-cn¬
\n∂v F√mw In´p-sa∂v Ah¿ hniz-kn-°bpw
hoX-cm-K-cmb ssP\-cn¬\n∂v AI∂p t]mIbpw sNøpw.
kao- £ - I ≥:˛ a‰p- ≈ - h - c psS tZh≥am¿
sIm≈-cp-Xm-Ø-hcpw Xß-fp-tSXv t{ijvT-cp-amsW∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv ]£-]m-X-am-Wv. hma-am¿KnI-fpsS tZh-∑m-sc \ntj-[n-°p-tºmƒØs∂
"{im≤-Zn-\-IrXyw' hiw 46¬ Cßs\sbgp-Xnbn-cn-°p∂p:-˛ ""imk\ tZhn cm{Xn-bn¬ `£Ww
Ign® Hcp-hs‚ sNIn´Øv ASn-°p-Ibpw IÆpNq-gvs∂-SpØv ]Icw BSns‚ IÆp sh®p-sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu tZhn F¥p-sIm≠v
lnwk-°m-cn-b√? cXv\-kmcw H∂mw `mKw 67˛mw hiØv ""acp-X-tZhn {]Xn-a-bmbn \n∂psIm≠v hgn-t]m-°sc klm-bn-s®''∂v Fgp-Xnbn- ´ p≠v . Cu tZhntbbpw \ntj- [ n- ° m- Ø sX¥v?
aqew:˛ Inwtkmw]n PWWn PmHm PmtWm
PW-WnInw KHm hn≤nw PC an—-cHm PmHm
KptWkp Xl aOcw hlC (Sn. 2.81)
kw. A¿Yw:˛ ssP\- h n- c p- ≤ - c m- b anYymaX°m¿ F¥n\v P∑-sa-SpØp? P\ns®-¶nepw
hf¿∂n-s´¥v? AXm-bXv io{Lw \in-®m¬
\∂mbn F∂¿∞w.
k-ao-£-I≥:˛ Ch-cpsS hoX-cmK`mjn-X-amb
Zbm-[¿aw t\m°q. a‰p aX-°m¿ Pohn-°p-It]mepw AcpXv! Ch-cpsS Zb shdpw ]d-®n¬
am{XamWv. Ds≠-¶n¬Øs∂ a\p-jy-tcm-S√,
£p{Z-P-¥p-°-tfmSpw arK-ß-tfmSpw am{X-am-Wv.
aqew:˛ kpt≤ at§-Pmbm kqtlW K—Øn
kp≤ a§w-an. tP ]pW Aa-§P
- mbm at§ K—w
XntX Npøpw (Sn 2. 83)
kw. A¿Yw:˛ ssP\-Ip-e-Øn¬ P\n-®-h¿
ap‡n {]m]n-®m¬ BivNcy-an-√. ssP\-c-√mØ
anYymaX-°m-cm-sc-¶nepw ap‡n {]m]n-®m¬
AXv henb B›-cy-am-Wv. CXn-∂¿Yw, ssP\nI-f-√m-Xmcpw ap-‡-cm-hp-I-bn√, A\y¿ \c-IØnte t]mIq F∂m-Wv.
kao-£-I≥:˛ ssP\-a-X-Øn¬ ZpjvScpw \cI-Km-an-I-fp-ant√? F√m-hcpw ap‡n -{]m-]n°pw.
a‰mcpw {]m]n-°-bn√! CXv shdpw t]]-d-®net√? Adn-hn-√m-Ø-h-cm-sc-¶nepw CXv hnizkn-t®-°pw.
aqew:˛ Xn—-b-cmWw ]qB kwaØ -Kp-WmW-Im-cnWo `Wnbm kmhnb an—-Ø-bco
PnW-k-atb tZknb ]qB (Sn. 2. 90)
kw. A¿Yw:˛ ssP\-a-X-°m-cpsS hn{K-lmcm-[-\-bmWv tIaw. a‰p-≈h-cp-tSXv \n mcw.
ssP\-am¿Kw Ah-ew-_n-°p-∂h
- ≥ XØz-⁄m\n-bm-Wv. A√m-Ø-h≥ XØz-⁄m-\n-b√.
kao-£-I≥:˛ _te-t`jv! F¥p ]d-bm≥!
\nß-fpsS hn{K-l-ßƒ sshjvW-hm-Zn-Ifp-tSXp-t]mse I√pw-XS- n-bpw-sIm≠p≠m-°n-bX
- t- √?
\nß-fp-tS-Xp-t]mse sshjvW-h-cp-tSbpw a‰pw
hn{K-lm-cm-[-\bpw anYy-bm-Wv. kzbw XØz⁄m-\n-bm-Ip-Ibpw a‰p-≈-hsc XØz-⁄m-\nI-fm-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv ImWp-tºmƒ \nßfpsS aX-Øn¬ XØz-⁄m-\ta Cs√∂p a\ n-em-°mw.
aqew:˛ PnW BWmG [tΩm BWm-cln
AWm-^pSw Al-aqcvØn, Cb apWn DuWb
XØw PnW AWmG IWlp [cvΩw (Sn. 2,
92)
kw. A¿∞w: Pn\-tZ-hs‚ B⁄. Zbm
£am-Zn-[¿Ωw F∂n-h-sbm-gn-sI-bp≈h F√mw
A[¿a-am-Wv.
kao-£-I≥:˛ F{X A\ymbw! ssP\-c-√msXm-cp-Ø\pw kXy-hm-Zn-bmb [¿am-flm-hmbnt√? B [m¿anIP\sØ am\n- t °t≠?
ssP\-aX
- ÿ
- c
- psS hmbpw \m°pw am{Xw sXmensIm-≠p-≠m-°n-bXpw a‰p≈h-cp-tSXv A√m-ØXp-am-sW-¶n¬ CXp icn-bm-hmw. kz¥w {KŸßƒ, kw\ym-kn-am¿ apX-em-b-hsc ]pI-gvØp∂Xp tI´m¬ Ch¿ Bfl {]iw-k-bnepw Hcp
]Sn-IqSn IS-∂n-cn-°p-∂Xp ImWmw.
aqew:˛ ht∂an \mc-bm-Dhn tPkn Zpc-ImC
kw`-cw-Xm-W-av. `∆mW PWC lcn-lc cn≤n
kan≤o hn Dt≤mkw (Sn. 2.95)
kw. A¿Yw:˛ lcn-lc
- mZntZh-∑m-cpsS hn`qXn
\c-I-tl-Xp-hm-Wv. AXp-Im-Wp-tºmƒ ssP\nIƒ°p tcmam-©-ap-≠m-Ip-∂p. cmPm-⁄sb
[cn-°p-∂h
- ¿ acWw hsc ZpxJn-°p-∂X
- p-t]mse
-Pnt\{µs‚ B⁄ ewLn-°p-∂-h-¿ P\-\-a-cW-Zpx-J-ß-fn¬ s]´p-g-ep-∂p.
kao-£-I≥:˛ t\m°q! ssP\-cpsS Im]Syw
shfn-hm-bnt√? lcn-l-cm-Zn-Isf D]m-kn-°p-∂-
335
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
h-cpsS Db¿®bpw sFiz-cyhpw kln-°m-bvIbm-em-Wn-h¿°v tcmam-©-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. ChcpsS sFizcyw Xßƒ°pw Zmcn{Zyw Ah¿°pw
e`n-°-Wsa∂m-Wm-{Klw! cmPm-⁄-bpsS DZml- c Ww \ev I p- ∂ Xv Ch¿ I≈- { ]- i wk
sNøp∂-hcpw òcp-°f
- p-am-bX
- p-sIm≠mWv. cmPmhns‚ I≈-Ø-chpw AwKo-I-cn-°-W-sat∂m?
Cu¿jybpw tZzjhpw ssP\n- I - s f- t ∏mse
a‰m¿°p-ta-bn-√.
aqew:-˛ tPm tZC kp≤ [Ωw tkm]-c-a∏m
PbΩn \lp At∂m Inw I∏-±pΩ kcntkm
Cbc Xcq tlmC If-bmhn (Sn. 2. 101)
kw. A¿∞w:˛ ssP\-[¿a-hn-cp-≤¿ aqV-∑mcm-Wv. ssPt\-{µ≥ Acp-fnb [¿asØ D]-tZin-°p∂ kw\ym-knbpw Krl-ÿ\pw {KŸI¿Ømhpw Xo¿∞- ¶ - c ¿°p Xpey- c m- W v .
Ah¿°p Xpey-cmbn Bcp-an-√.
kao-£-I≥:-˛ F¥p-sIm-≠n√? _me-_p-≤nI-f-√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ ssP\¿ CsXm∂pw hnizkn®v Ccn-°p-Ib
- n-√m-bn-cp-∂p. thiy-bpsS Bfl{]-iw-k-t]m-se-bm-Wn-Xv.
aqew:˛ aqe PnWnZw tZthm X∆-bWw KpcpPWw alm-k-bmWw tkkw ]mh-SvTmWw ]ca-∏mWwN ht÷an (Sn. 2 103)
kw. A¿∞w:˛ Pot\-{µ-tZ-h-t\bpw, At±-lØns‚ kn≤m-¥-ß-tfbpw, ssP\aX-Øns‚
D]- t Z- j v S m- ° - t fbpw XyPn- ° p- ∂ Xv ssP\nIƒ°p-Nn-X-a-√.
kao-£-I≥:˛ CXv ssP\n-I-fpsS imTyw,
]£-]mXw, A⁄m\w F∂n-h-bpsS ê-a-s√¶n¬ ]ns∂-¥mWv? F∂m¬ ssP\n-I-fpsS
GXm\pw Nne-Im-cy-ßsfm-gnsI as‰-√mw-Xs∂
XymPy-am-Wv. Ipd-s®-¶nepw _p≤n-bp-≈h
- ¿, ChcpsS Znhy-{K-Ÿ-ß-tfbpw D]-tZ-jvSm-°-tfbpw
I≠v, tI´v, Nn¥n-°p∂ ]£w XyPn®p If-bpI-Xs∂ sNøpw.
aqew:˛ hbtW hn kpKpcp PnW-h√
- l
- tIknw \ D√-kC kΩw, Al Il ZnW-aWn
tXbw Dep BWw lc-CA
- w-[Øw (Sn. 2. 108)
kw. A¿∞w:-˛ ssP\-h-N-\-Øn\v A\p-Iqe-ambn \S-°p-∂-h≥ ]qPy\pw hncp-≤≥ A]qPy-\p-am-W.v ssP\-Kp-cp-°sf am\n-°p-Is
- b-∂m¬
a‰p-≈-hsc am\n-°m-bvI-bm-Wv.
kao- £ - I ≥:- ˛ a‰v A⁄m- \ n- I sf arKßtft∏mse ssP\¿ injy-cm°n _‘n-°mXn-cp-∂m¬. Ah¿ c£-s]´v kz¥w ap‡nam¿Kw At\z-jn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. Bsc-¶nepw
\nßsf Zp¿Kp-cp-sht∂m Zp¿am¿Knsbt∂m,
Xń-∏p-Im-c-s\t∂m Zpcp-]-tZ-jvSm-sh-t∂m, hnfn®m¬ F{Xtbm ZpxJ- a p- ≠ m- I pw? \nßƒ
A\y¿°v CØcw ZpxJ-ap-≠m-°p-∂h
- c
- m-Ib
- m¬
\nßfpsS aX-Øn¬ hf-sc-tbsd \n m-c-Imcy-ßƒ \nd-™n-cn-°p-∂p.
aqew:-˛ tP c÷-[m-\-CuWw ImcW`qb
lhwXn hmhmcm. tX hnlp AC-]m-_-÷bm
[∂m NUvVwXn `h-Znb (Sn. 2. 119)
kw. A¿∞w:-˛ arXyp-]-cy¥w ZpxJ-ap-≠mbmepw, Irjn-hym-]m-cm-Zn-Iƒ ssP\¿ sNøpItb Acp-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬ Ch \c-IØ
- n-te°p
\bn-°p∂hbm-Wv.
kao-£-I≥:-˛ \nß-sf-¥n\v hym]m-cm-Zn-Iƒ
sNøp∂psh∂v C\n \nß-fm-sc-¶nepw ssP\nI-tfmSp tNmZn-°Ww. Ah-cn-Xp-t]-£n-°m-ØsX-¥mWv? Dt]-£n-®m¬ PohnXw Akm-[y-amIpw. \nß-fpsS D]-tZiw tI´v a‰p-≈-hcpw Dt]£n-®m¬ \nßƒ F¥p `£n-®p Pohn-°pw.
CØcw A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ D]-tZ-in®p IqSm-Ø-XmWv . F¥p- s N- ø m≥! hnZybpw k’w- K hpw
C√msX ]mh-ßƒ hmbn¬ tXm∂n-b-sX√mw
Pev]n-°pI-bm-Wv.
aqew:˛ X Cbm lamW Alam Imc-W-clnbm A\mW Kt∆W tP P]wXn D pØw
tXknw Zzn ≤n— ]wUn®w (Sn. 2. 121)
kw. A¿Yw:-˛ ssP\m-Ka
- ß
- ƒ°p hncp-≤a
- mb
imkv{X-ßsf AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-h¿ A[-a-cn-e-[a- c m- W v. Fs¥- ¶ nepw t\´- a p- ≠ m- I p- s a¶n¬t]mepw ssP\-aX-Øn\p hncp≤ambn ]dbp-Itbm tIƒ°p-Itbm ]mSn-√. Fs¥-¶nepw
{]tbm-P\
- a
- p-≠m-bmepw A\y-aX
- ß
- sf XyPn-°Ww.
kao-£-I≥:-˛ \nß-fpsS ]q¿∆n-I¿ apX¬
Ct∏m-gp-≈-h¿ hsc A\y-a-X-ßsf Zpjn-°p-Isb-∂-√msX as‰m∂pw sNbvXn-ń-√ sNøp-I-bpan- √ . ssP\¿, Xcw In´p- ∂ n- S- s Ø√mw h√
{]tbm-P-\hpw kn≤n-°p-sa∂p I≠m¬, BcptSbpw injyXzw kzoI-cn-®p-I-f-bpw. ]ns∂
Cßs\ h≥ Imcyßƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xn¬ e÷-
336
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
bn-√m-Ø-Xm-W-¤pXw! IjvSw Xs∂.
aqew:˛ Pw hoc- P n- W mPnH anc Cu
D pØ tek-tZ-k-WHm kmKc tImUm-tIm
Unw lnUw C AC-ò-a-`h h-ctÆ. (Sn. 2. 112)
kw. A¿∞w:˛ ssP\n-I-fn¬ D≈-Xp-t]mse
Rß-fnepw [¿a-ap-s≠∂v Bcm\pw ]d-bp-∂]£w tImSm-\p-tImSn h¿jw Abmƒ \c-IØn¬ InS-∂n´v \oN-P-∑-sa-Sp-°pw.
kao£≥:˛ _te-t`jv! hnZym-i-{Xp-°tf!
\nß-fpsS anYym-h-N-\-ßsf Bcpw Jfin-°cp-sX∂p hnNm-cn-®t√ Cu `b-¶-c-hmIyw FgpXn-h-®Xv? AXv Akw-`-hy-am-Wv. \nßsf F{Xam-{X-am-Wp-]-tZ-in-°pI! a‰p-≈-hsc Bt£]n®pw Ak-Xy-ßƒ {]N-cn-∏n®pw X≥Imcyw
t\Sm≥ I®sIńbn-cn-°p∂ \nßƒ°Xv hc{]-km-Z-amWv!
aqew:˛ Zqtc IcWw ZqcΩn kmlWw Xl
]`m-hW Zqtc PnW-[¿Ω k±-lmWw ]n XncI-Zp-c-ImC \nSvT-hC.
kw. A¿∞w:˛ ssP\-[¿Ω-ßs
- fm∂pw A\pjvTn-®n-s√-¶nepw ""ssP\-[¿Ωw kXyw as‰√mw
anYy'' F∂p am{Xw {i≤m-]q¿∆w ]d-bp∂
]£w Abmƒ ZpxJ-ßsf XcWw sNøpw.
kao-£≥:˛ aqV-∑msc he-bn¬ s]Sp-Øm≥
CXn-ep-]-cn-sb-¥p-thWw? Fs¥-∂m¬ H∂pw
sNtø-≠. ap‡n X\ntb In´pw! CXn-e-[nIw
A⁄m-\-bp-‡-amb aXtaXmWp≈Xv!
aqew:˛ Ifbm tlmln Znhtkm Pfbm
kpKq-cpW ]mb aqeΩn D’pØ tek-hn-keh clnHm \nkp-tWkp PnW-[cvΩw
kw. A¿∞w:˛ ""ssP\-{K-Ÿ-ßƒ am{Xw
tIƒ°pw. D’q-{X-ßƒ AYhm A\y-a-X-{K-Ÿßƒ {ihn-°p-Itb C√'' F∂n-ßs\ a\- n¬
{i≤m-]q¿∆w hnNm-cn-®m¬ aXn. ZpxJ-km-K-cØn¬ \n∂p Ic-I-bdmw.
kao-£≥:˛ CXpw km[p-°sf he-bn¬
hogvØm-\p-≈-Xm-Wv. B hnNmcwsIm≠v ZpxJkm-K-c-Øn-¬ \n∂p Ib-dp-I-bn-√. ]q¿∆-P-∑Ønse k©n-X-]m-]-ß-fpsS ZpxJ-cq-]n-bmb
ê-ßƒ A\p-`-hn®p Xo¿tØ ]‰q. CØcw
hnZym-hn-cp-≤-amb Imcy-ßƒ Fgp-Xn-h-bv°m-Xncp-s∂-¶n¬ thZm-Zn-im-kv{X-ßƒ I≠pw-tI´pw
kXym-k-Xy-ß-f-dn™v Ch-cpsS Ahn-Zym-cq-
]nbpw kmc-lo-\-hp-amb {KŸ-ßsf XyPn-t®s\. Ch-cp-≠m-°n-h-®n-cn-°p∂ he-bn¬ \n∂v
Hcp ]t£ _p≤n-am\pw k’w-Kn-bp-amb Bsc¶nepw c£-s∏s´-¶n-em-bn. PU-_p-≤n-Iƒ°v
Ch-cn¬ \n∂p tamN\w ITn\w Xs∂.
aqew:˛ P“m tPWlnw `Wnbpw kqb hhlmcw hntkm-lnbw X PmCb hnkp≤
t_mln PnW-BWm cml-K-ØmHm
kw. A¿∞w:˛ Pn\m- N m- c y≥ D]- t Z- i n®
kq{Xw, \ncp-‡n, hrØn, `mjyw, Nq¿WnI
F∂nh A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-h¿ kZv{]-h¿Øn-Iƒ
sNøp-Ibpw ZpxJ-ßƒ kln-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂-Xp-sIm≠v k’z-`m-hn-If
- mbn kuJyw {]m]n°p-∂p. A\y-a-X-{K-Ÿ-ßƒ hmbn-®m¬ CX-km[y-amWv.
kao-£-I≥:˛ hni∂p s]mcn-bpI apX-emb
IjvS-ßƒ kln-°p-∂-XmtWm k’z-`mhw?
Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ £maw sIm≠pw ZmcnZyw
sIm≠pw hni-∂p-h-e-bp-∂-h¿ ip≤-cmbn ip`^-e-ßƒ t\tS-≠Xm-Wv. Ahtcm \nßtfm
Cßs\ t\Sp-∂n-√. adn®v ]nØw tIm]n®pw
a‰pw tcmKn-If
- mbn ZpxJn-°p-∂t- X-bp-≈q. \ymbmN-c-Ww, kXy-`m-j-Ww, {_“-Ncyw apX-em-bh-bmWv [¿aw. AkXyw ]d-bp-I, A\ymbw
sNbvI XpS-ßnb ]m]-am-Wv. F√m-h-tcmSpw
{]oXn-]q-¿hw ]tcm-]-Im¿∞w h¿Øn-°p-∂Xt{X ip`-amb k’z-`m-hw. ssP\-aX°mcpsS
]ń-Wn-In-S-°epw a‰pw [¿a-a-√. Cu kq{Xm-ZnIƒ hniz-kn-®m¬ Aev]w kXyhpw A[nIw
Ak-Xyhpw ssIh∂v Ft∂bv°pw ZpxJ-km-Kc-Øn¬s]´v Dg-ep-Itb D≈q.
aqew:˛ PC PmWnkn PnW-\mtlm tembmbmcm hn]-c-IG `qHm Xm Xw Xw a∂w tXm
Il a∂kn temA Bbm-cw(-Sn. 2. 148)
kw. A¿Yw:˛ DØ--acmb `mKy-hm∑m¿ ssP\[-¿asØ kzoI-cn-°p-∂p. A√m-Øh
- c
- psS `mKyw
\jvS-s∏-Sp-∂p.
kao-£-I≥:˛ CXv A_-≤hpw Ak-Xy-hpat√? A\ya-X-ß-fn¬ `mKy-hm-∑mcpw ssP\cn¬ \n¿`m-Ky-hm-∑mcpw Bcp-ant√? ]c-kv]cw
Ie-ln-°c
- p-sX∂pw At\ym\yw kvt\l-]q¿∆w
h¿Øn-°-W-sa∂pw ]d-bp-∂p-≠-t√m.63 a‰p-≈h-cp-ambn Ie-ln-°p-∂Xv sX‰m-sW∂v ssP\¿
Icp-Xp-∂n-s√-∂t√ CXn¬ \n∂p {Kln-t°-
337
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
≠Xv? CXpw Abp-‡-a-t√? k÷-\-ßƒ ]ckv]cw kvt\l-tØmsS h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw ZpjvS∑m¿°v in£Ww \evIn- kp-in-£n-X-cm-°pIbpw sNøp-∂p. {_m“-W¿, {XnZ-WvUn-Iƒ ]cn{hmP- I m- N m- c y- ∑ m¿ AYhm Xm]- k ¿,
kw\ymknIƒ apX-em-b-h-sc√mw ssP\-cpsS
i{Xp-°-fm-sW∂v Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.64 t\m°q.
F√m-h-tcbpw i{Xp-`m-h-Øn¬ ImWp-Ibpw
\nµn-°p-Ibpw BsW-¶n¬ ssP\-cpsS Zbm-£am-Zn-[¿a-ß-ƒ F¥mWv? A\ysc tZzjn-°p-∂Xn-t\-°mƒ henb lnwk-bn-√. ssP\n-I-tft∏mse tZzj-aq¿Øn-Iƒ hf-sc-°p-dt® ImWq.
lcn-l-cm-Zn-h-©I¿ k∂n-]m-X-Pz-c-°mcpw AhcpsS [¿aw hnj-Xp-ey-hp-am-sW∂pw Fgp-Xn-bncn-°p-∂p. 65 Ej-`-tZ-h≥ apX¬ alm-ho-c≥
hsc-bp≈ 24 Xo¿Y-¶-c-∑m¿ cmKn-Ifpw tZzjnIfpw h©-Icpw ssP\¿ k∂n-]m-X-Pz-c-°mcpw
Ah- c psS [¿aw \c- I hpw hnj- X p- e yhpw
BsW∂p ]d- ™ m¬ ssP\¿°v F{X
AkpJw tXm∂pw? AXn-\m¬ ssP\¿ \nµ,
]c-a-X-tZzjw F∂o alm-t¢-i-ß-fn¬s]´v Dgep-I-bm-Wv. Ch ]cn-Xy-Pn-®m¬ \∂v.
aqew:˛ GtKm BKpcq GtKm hnkm-hKo
tNZ AWn hnh-lmWn, X— bPw PnW-Z∆w
]cp-∏cw Xw \ hn®¥n (Sn. 2. 150)
kw. A¿Yw:˛ F√m `‡- ∑ m- c p- t Sbpw
ssZhhpw Kpcphpw [¿ahpw H∂pXs∂, ssNXyh-µ\w AYhm ssP\-_nw-_ß
- ƒ, t£{X-ßƒ
hkvXp-°ƒ F∂nh kwc-£n-t°-≠Xpw ssP\{]-Xn-a-Isf ]qPn-t°-≠Xpw [¿a-am-Wv.
kao-£-I≥:˛ t\m°q hn{Klm-cm-[-\-bpsS
_lfw XpS- ß n- b Xp ssP\cn¬ \n∂m- W v .
A‘-hn-izm-k-ß-fpsS Cu‰n-√hpw -ssP-\-aXw
Xs∂.
hn{K-lm-cm-[-\m-co-Xn-Iƒ
{im≤-Zn-\-IrXyw F∂ {KŸ-Øns‚ H∂mw
hiØv hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bpsS {]amWw ImWmw.
t\m°pI:˛
1 \h-ImtcW hnthmtlm. 2. A\p-k-cWw
kmhD 3. hbnPw Cta 4 tPmtKm 5. Nnb-h-µWtKm 6. b®-c-JmWw Xphnln ]pOw.
1. `‡-∑m¿tN¿∂v H∂mw \S-bn¬ \h-Imcw
P]n-°-Ww. 2. c≠mw \Sbnepw \hImcw P]n®n´v Rm≥ Bcm-[-I-\m-sW∂v kvacn-°-Ww. 3.
aq∂mw \S-bn¬ A∂p {hXw F{X-sb∂p Nn¥n°-Ww. 4. \memw \S-bn¬ Cßs\ kvacn-°Ww. ""\mev ]pcp-jm¿Y-ß-fn¬ {][m\w ap‡nbmWv. AXns‚ ImcWw ⁄m\m-Zn-I-fm-Wv.
AXns‚ ewL\w C√m-Xm°n \n¿Ω-e-am-°nbm¬ Hu]-Nm-cn-Ia
- mbn tbmK-sa∂p ]d-bm-hp∂
Bdv Imc-W-ßƒ e`n-°pw. AXmWv tbmKw.''
A©m-asØ \S-bn¬ ssNXyhµ\ AYhm
hn{K-lsØ \a-kvI-cn®v ]qPn-°-Ww. BdmasØ - { ]- X ym- J ym- \ - \ - S - b n¬ "\h- I m- c ko
{]apJw" hn[n-]q¿hw' hn[n-]q¿hw Rm≥ ]dbp-∂p-≠v F∂n-ßs\ [ym\n-°-Ww.
thsdbpw ]e hn[n-Iƒ Cu {KŸ-Øn-ep≠v.
AØm-gkabØv Pn\-_nw-_sØ ˛ Xo¿Y-¶c
hn{K-lsØ ]qPn-°-Ww. \S-]q-Pbpw sNø-Ww.
\S-]qPbv°p hfsc ]mgvN-SßpI-fp-≠v. t£{Xß-fp-≠m°p-∂Xpw Po¿tWm-≤m-cWw \S-Øp∂Xpw ap‡n-{]-Z-am-Wv. t£{X-ß-fn¬ hfsc
`‡n-tbmsS Ccp-∂p-thWw ]qP-\-S-tØ-≠Xv.
"\tam Pnt\-t{µ`yx' XpS-ßnb a{¥-ßƒ sNm√ns°m≠v Ipfn-°Ww. Pe-N-µ\ -]pjv] [q]
Zo]ss\x -F∂p ]d™v A¿®n-°-Ww.
cXv\mcw H∂mw `mKw 12-˛mw t]Pn¬ hn{Klm- c m- [ - \ - b psS êw ""cmPm- h nt\m {]PIƒt°m ]qP-sN-øp-∂-bm-fns\ XS-bm-\m-hp-Ibn√'' F∂-Xm-sW-s∂-gpXncn°p-∂p.
kao-£I
- ≥:˛ CsX√mw It]m-eI
- e
- ]
v n-Xa
- m-W.v
hfsc ssP\-]q-PI
- sc cmPmhv XS-™n-´p-≠.v
aq∂mw t]Pn¬ Cßs\ FgpXnbn´p≠v ˛
""hn{K- l m- c m- [ \sIm≠v alm- t cm- K - ß fpw
h≥tZm-jß
- fpw a
- m-dpw, A©p ]W-Øn\p ]qhphmßn A¿®n-®-bmƒ ]Xn-s\´p cmPy-ßƒ°[n-]-\m-bn. Abm-fpsS t]cm-Wv, Ipam-c-]m¬. 66
kao-£-I≥:˛ CsX√mw I≈hpw hnUvVnIsf {]tem- ` n- ∏ n- ° m≥ ]d- b p- ∂ - X p- a mWv .
]qPn®v]qPn®v ssP\n-Ifpw tcmKn-I-fm-bn-Øo-cp∂p. Hcp Xp≠p-cmPyw t]mepw hn{K-l-]q-PsIm≠v In´p-I-bn-√. A©p ]W-Øn\v ]pjv]m-
63. CXv Cu KmY-bpsS A¿Y-a√
- . 149-˛mw KmY-bp-tS-Xm-Wv.
64. Sn. 2.148\v KpW-c-Xv\m-Ic SoI-bn¬ Fgp-Xn-cn-°p-∂p.
65. Sn. 2.962
66.Ipam-c-]m¬ KpP-dm-Ønse Hcp sNdnb cmPm-hm-bn-cp∂p. (G.-Un. 12-˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬)
338
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
Pv R en \S- Ø n- b m¬ cmPyw In´p- s a- ¶ n¬
Aø©p ]Ww hoXw apS°n ]pjv]m¿®\
sNbvXv temIw apgp-h≥ kz¥w cmPy-am-°m-ØsX¥mWv? F¥n\v in£-Iƒ A\p-`-hn-°p∂p?
hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-sIm≠v kwkm-c-km-Kcw XcWw
sNøm-sa-¶n¬, ⁄m\w, kayKvZ¿i\w, k’z`mhw F∂n-h-sb-¥n\v?
Ahn-sSØs∂ 13-˛mw t]Pn¬ Fgp-Xp∂p:-˛
""tKmX-as‚ tamXn-c-Øn¬ AarXw, kvac-WsIm≠v C—m-{]m]vXn''
kao-£-I≥:-˛ Aß-s\-bm-sW¶n¬ ssP\sc√mw Aa-cXzw {]m]n-°-W-am-bn-cp-∂p. Aßs\-bm-hp-∂n-√. CsX√mw A⁄sc {]tem-`n∏n- ° m\p≈ AS- h p- I - f m- W v . A√msX CXnsem∂pw Hcp XØzhp-an-√.
Ahn-SØs∂ 52-˛mw t]Pn¬ ]qPn-°m-\p≈
t«mIw Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂p:˛
Pe-N-µ\ (]p-jv])- [q-]ss\cY
Zo]m£X ssIcvss\-thZy- hkvss{Xx, D]-Nm-c-hssccvhbw Pnt\-{µm≥ cpNnssc c Zy apZm
bPm atl.
""Rßƒ Pew, Nµ-\w, Acn, ]pjv]w, [q]w,
Zo]w, ss\thZyw, hkv{Xw, AXn-t{ijvT D]Nm-c-ßƒ F∂n-h-bm¬ ssPt\-{µsc ˛ Xo¿Y¶csc ˛ ]qPn-°mw.''
kao-£-I≥:˛ CXp-sIm-≠mWv hn{K-lm-cm[\bpsSbmcw`w ssP\-cn¬ \n∂m-sW∂p ]d™- X v . hnthI- k m- c - Ø ns‚ 21- ˛ mw hiØv
""ssP\-t£-{X-Øn¬ tamlw IS-°p-I-bn-√, `hkm-K-c-Øn-\-°-c-I-S-Øp-∂-Xm-WXv'' F∂pw 51˛52 hi-ßfn¬ ""hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-sIm≠v ap‡nbp-≠m-Ip∂p. ssP\-t£-{X-Øn¬ t]mbm¬
kZvKp-W-ßƒ ssIhcpw F∂pw Pe-N-µ-\m-ZnI-fm¬ Xo¿Y¶c-∑msc ]qPn-°p-∂-h¿ \cIw
shSn™v kz¿KsØØpsa∂pw 55-˛mw hiØv
ssP\- t £- { X- Ø n¬ Ej- ` - t Z- h ≥ apX- e mb
Xo¿∞-¶-c-∑msc ]qPn-°p-∂-h¿°v [¿am¿∞
Imatam-£-ßƒ kn≤n-°p-sa∂pw 61-˛mw hiØv
ssP\-hn-{K-lß
- ƒ ]qPn-®m¬ PK-Ønse k¿hhn[ t¢i-ßfpw hns´m-gn-bp-sa∂pw Fgp-Xn-bn´p-≠v.
kao-£-I≥:˛ AhnZymbp-‡-amb Akw`yh-Im-cy-ßƒ ]d-bp-∂Xp tIƒ°q. ]m]mZn
ZpjvI¿a-ßfpw a‰pw Cßs\ shSn-bm-sa-¶n¬
taml- a n- √ mbv a bpw, `h- k m- K - c - Ø n¬\n∂v
c£bpw, \c- I w- h n´v kz¿§- { ]m- ] v X nbpw ,
[¿am¿Y Ima-tam-£-{]m-]vXnbpw D≠m-Ip-sa¶n¬ F√m ssP\cpw k¿h-]-Zm¿∞-ßfpw{]m]n®v kpJ-hm-∑m-cm-Im-Ø-sX-¥mWv?
Cu hnth- I - k m- c - Ø ns‚ aq∂mw- h - i Øv
Cßs\ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p≠v ˛ ""ssP\-hn-{Klw
ÿm]n°p-∂-h≥ Ah-s‚bpw Ahs‚ IpSpw_-Øn-s‚bpw Pohn-Xa
- m¿Kw ÿm]n-°p-∂p.'' 225˛mw hiØv "inh≥, hnjvWp
apX-em-b-hcpsS hn{K-l-ßƒ ]qPn-°p-∂Xv NoØbpw \cI-Øn-te-°p≈ hgnbpw BsW∂v'' Fgp-Xn-bn´p-≠v.
kao-£-I≥:-˛ inh-s‚bpw a‰pw hn{K-l-ßƒ
\c-I-Øn-te°v sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xm-sW-¶n¬
ssP\- h n- { K- l - ß ƒ Aß- s \- b p- ≈ - h - b t√?
Rß-fpsS hn{K-l-ßƒ XymKnIfpw, im¥cpw,
ip`-ap-{Zm-bp-‡hpw BI-bm¬ \√-hb
- m-sW∂pw
inh-s‚bpw a‰pw Aßs\ A√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬
NoØ BsW∂p ]d-t™-°mw. Ah-tcmSv
]d-bm-\p≈ DØcw CXmWv:˛ \nß-fpsS hn{Kl-ßƒ e£-°-W-°n\p cq] hne-]n-Sn-∏p≈
t£{X-ßfn-emWv \nev°p-∂-Xv. Nµ\ tIkcmZn hne-]n-Sn-∏p-≈hbmWv hgn-]m-Smbn In´p-∂Xv. ]ns∂-ß-s\-bmWv Ah¿ XymKn-I-fm-Ip-∂Xv ? inhs‚ hn{K- l - ß ƒ shfn- ÿ - e Øpw
\nev°p-∂p-≠v. Ah-ct√ XymKn-Iƒ? im¥-cmsW∂p ]d-bp-∂Xp icn. PU-hk
- vXp-°ƒ \n›e-am-I-bm¬ im¥w Xs∂. F√m aXØntebpw
hn{K-lm-cm-[\ hy¿Y-am-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛ Rß-fpsS hn{K-l-ßƒ hkv{Xm-`c-Wm-[n-Iƒ AWn-bp-∂n-√. AXn-\m¬ \√-h-bmWv.
DØcw:˛ F√m-h-cpsSbpw apºmsI \·-hn{K-l-ßƒ ÿm]n-°p-∂Xv arKo-b-am-Wv.
tNmZyw:˛kv{Xo-bpsS {]Xn-atbm Nn{Xtam
ImWp∂ ]pcp-j\v Imtam-Xv]Øn D≠m-Ip-∂Xp-t]mse kw\ym-kn-am-cp-tSbpw tbmKn-I-fptSbpw hn{Klw I≠m¬ ip`-Kp-W-ßƒ lrZb-Øn-ep-Zn°pw.
DØcw:˛ inemZn hn{K-l-Øn¬\n∂v \√-KpW-ßƒ ]I¿∂p In´p-sa-¶n¬ Ah-bpsS PUX
apX-emb Xn∑-Ifpw ]I¿∂p-In-´pw. PU-_p≤n-bm-bm¬ k¿h-\m-i-amWv êw IqSmsX
339
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
hnZzm-∑m-cp-ambn _‘-an-√msX hcp-∂-Xp-\nanØw aqV-Xbpw h¿≤n°pw. 11-˛mw kap√mkØn¬ Fgp-Xnb tZmj-ßƒ F√m hn{K-lmcm[- \ - ° m¿°pw _m[- I - a m- W v . AXp- t ]mse
ssP\n-Iƒ hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-sb∂67 t]cn¬ ImńIq-´p∂ t]°q-Øp-Iƒ t]mse Ah-cpsS a{¥ßfpw Ht´sd Akw-`-hy-Imcy-ßƒ Fgp-Xn-h®n-´p-≠v. cXv\-kmcw F∂ {KŸ-Øns‚ H∂mw
hiØv Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂ a{¥w t\m°p-I:-˛
""\tam Acn- l w- X mWw \tam kn≤mWw
\tam Bb-cn-bmWw D_vP-Qm-bWw \tam
tem G k∫ kmlq-Ww. Gtkm ]©- \-ap°mtcm kcv∆]
- m-h∏
- W
- m-ktWm awK-em-NW
- w
N kt∫knw ]Vaw lhC awK-eav.'' Cu
a{¥-Øn\v henb amlm-fly-ap-≠t{X. F√m
ssP\- c p- s Sbpw Kpcp- a - { ¥- a m- W nXv . CXns‚
amlmflyw h¿Wn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xp I≠m¬ ]pcmW- ß - f nepw X{¥ß- f nepw \mS- I - ß - f nepw
a‰pap≈ IY-Iƒ tXm‰p-t]m-Ipw.
{im≤-Zn-\-IrXyw aq∂mw-h-iØv C{]-Imcw
ImWp∂p:˛ \ap-°mcw XD ]tV (9) PhpIp∫w awXm-WawtXm]-ctam -C-apØn t[bmW-t[bw ]caw Cap-Øn. XØm-W-XØw
]caw ]hnØw kwkmc kØmW Zplm ˛
CbmWw (10) XmWw Aw\wXp t\m A∞n
PohmWw `h-km-btc. _pÕpw XmWw Caw
apØpw \ap-°mcw kpt]m-]-bav (11) I∫w,
AtØ-K-PΩw Xckw NnBWw ZplmWw
kmcocn Aam-Wp-km-Wp-km-W-av. ItØmb
`∆mW `nh-÷-\mtkm \ Pmh-]tØm \hIm-cat¥m. (12)
A¿∞w:˛ Cu a{¥-ßƒ ]hn-{X-ß-fmb ]caa-{¥--ßf
- mWv. [ym\-tbm-Ky-am-bh
- b
- n¬ t{ijvTam-Wv. XØz-ßf
- n¬ XØz-am-Wv. kap-{Z-Øn\°c-I-S-°p-hm≥ \uI F{]-Im-ctam A{]-Im-c-amWv, ZpxJ-]o-Un-X-amb kwkmcw XcWw sNøphm≥ Pohm-flm-°ƒ°o \h-Im-c-a-{¥w. (9-˛10)
\uIbv°v Xpey-am-Wv. CXns\ shSn-bp-∂h≥ kwkm-c-km-K-c-Øn¬ apßnt∏m-Ip-∂p.
CXns\ {Kln- ° p- ∂ - h - c m- I s´ ZpxJ- ß sf
XcWw sNøp-∂p. Pohm-flm-°sf ZpxJ-Øn¬
\n∂-I‰n, k¿h-]m-]hpw \in-∏n®v, ap‡n-Im-cW-am-bn-´p-≈Xv Cu a{¥-a-√msX as‰m-∂n-√. (11)
`h-km-K-c-Øn¬s]´p hnhn[P∑-ß-sf-Sp°p∂ Poh\v imco-cn-Ihpw am\-kn-I-hp-amb
ZpxJ-ß-f-I‰n `h-km-K-c-Øn¬ \n∂p Ic-I-b-dphm≥ CtX-bp-≈. \h-Im-c-a-{¥sØ {]m]n°msX Poh\v `h-km-K-c-X-c-W-an-√. (12) Cu
A¿∞w kq{X-ßf
- n¬ ]d-™XmWv. A·n XpSßnb AjvS-a-lm-`-b-ß-fn¬ \n∂p c£n-°p∂Xpw Cu a{¥-a-√msX as‰m-∂-√. \h-c-Xv\ß-fn¬ sshUq-cy-a-Wn-t]m-sebpw, i{Xp-P-bØn\v FXn-c‰ ikv{Xw-t]m-sebpw, F√m-‰n-\pw
Xmt°m¬t]m-se-bp-ap≈-Xm-Wn-Xv. ZzmZ-imw-Knsb∂ alm-]q-P-bpsS cl-kyhpw Cu \h-Im-ca-{¥-am-Wv.
Cu a{¥-Øns‚ A¿∞-an-XmWv:˛ \tam
Acn-l-¥m-Wav =F√m-Xo¿Y-¶-c-∑m¿°pw, \akvImcw. \tam kn≤m-Wav= F√m ssP\-kn-≤∑m¿°pw \a-kvIm-cw. \tam Bb-cn-bm-Wav =
F√m ssP\m-Nm-cy-∑m¿°pw \a-kvImcw. \tam
D_-PvQm-bm-Wav = F√m ssP\ D]m-[ym-b∑m¿°pw \akvImcw. \tam tem G k∫ kmlqWav = ssP\-aXØnse F{X km[p-°ƒ
Cu `qan-bn-ept≠m Ah¿s°√mw \a-kvIm-cw.
a{¥--Øn¬ "ssP\' kwPvR Cs√¶nepw
ssP\-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn-se√mw ssP\-a-X-sam-gn-sIbp≈ Hcp aX-°mc\pw \a-kvImcw ]mSn-s√∂p
]d™n-cn-°-bm¬ CXp-X-s∂-bmWv icn-bmb
A¿∞w.
XØz-hn-thIw 169-˛mw hiØv ""Bcv, I√pw
achpw tZh≥ F∂p-I-cpXn ]qPn-°p-∂pthm
Ah¿°v kZv^-e-ßƒ e`n-°p∂p.'' Fs∂-gpXn-bn-´p-≠v.
kao-£I
- ≥:-˛ F¶n¬ ]ns∂ Z¿i\w \SØn
F√m-hcpw kpJ-cq-]n-bmb ê-ßƒ {]m]n-°mØ-sX-¥mWv?
cXv \ - k mcw H∂mw `mKw 10- ˛ mw hiØv
]m¿iz-\m-Ys‚ hn{Klw Z¿in-®m¬ Xm]w \in°pw. Fs∂-gpXnbncn-°p-∂p. Iev]-kq-{X-`m-jyØn¬ 51-˛mw hiØv ""Ht∂Im¬ e£w t£{XßfpsS Po¿tWm≤mcWw \SØn'' Fs∂-gp-Xnbn-´p-≠v. Cßs\ hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-sb-∏‰n hf-sctbsd Fgp-Xn-h-®n-´p-≠v. hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bpsS
aqe- I m- c Ww ssP\- a - X - a m- s W∂v CXn¬
\ns∂√mw {Kln-°m-hp-∂Xm-Wv.
C\n Cu ssP\ kw\ym-kn-amcpsS eoe-
67. t]Pv 493-˛495
340
kXym¿∞-{]-Im-iw
IƒI-≠mepw:-˛ hnth-I-kmcw 228-˛mw ]pdØv
Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ""Hcp ssP\ kw\ymkn
tImi-sb∂ thiy-bp-ambn kwt`mKw sNbvXXn-\p-tijw XymKn-bmbn kz¿K-temIw {]m]n®p. - h n- t h- I - k mcw 101- ˛ mw ]pdØv Cßs\
ImWmw. A¿W-I ap\n Nmcn-{X-cl
- n-X\
- mbn hfsc- h ¿jw ZØ- t k- ´ ns‚ hoń¬ hnjbt`mKßƒ sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw tZh-tem-IØp-t]mbn. {ioIr-jvWs‚ ]p{X\mb VwVW-ap-\nsb Ipdp-°®n ]nSn®nsIm≠pt]m-bn.
]ns∂ Abmƒ tZh-\m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
hnth-I-kmcw 158-˛mw ]pdØv ""ssP\-kw\ymkn Nn”-[mcn ˛ thj-[mcn ˛ am{X-am-bmepw
ip≤-N-cn-Xt\m Zp›-cn-Xt\m Bbmepw {imhI¿ ]qPn-°-Ww.'' Fs∂-gp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂p 168-˛mw
]pdØv ""ssP\-km[p Zp›-cn-X-\m-bmepw A\ya-X-Ønse kw\ym-kn-am-tc-°mƒ t{ijvT-\mWv.'' Fs∂-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. 171-˛mw ]pd-Øn-ßs\
ImWmw:˛ ssP\-km[p Zpcm-Nm-cnbpw Nmcn-{Xylo-\\pw BsW-¶nepw {imh-I¿ At±-lsØ
tkhn-®p-sIm≈Ww.'' 216˛mw ]pdØv:˛ "Hcp
I≈≥ A©p ]nSn apSn ]dn®v Nmcn-{Xy-{K-lWw
sNbvXv hfsc IjvS-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ]›m-Ø-]n-°pIbpw sNbvXp. Bdmw amk-Øn¬ tIh-e⁄m\w {]m]n®v kn≤-\mbn'' F∂p ImWmw.
kao-£≥:˛ Cu kw\ym-kn-I-fp-tSbpw Krlÿ-∑m-cp-tSbpw eoem-hn-emkw t\m°p-I. alm
Zpjv I r- X y- ß ƒ sNbv X n´pw kZv K Xn {]m]®pht{X!
hnth-I-kmcw 106˛mw ]pdØv Fgp-Xn-bn-cn°p∂p:˛ ""{ioIr-jvW≥ aq∂mw \c-I-Øn¬
t]mbn'' 145¬˛""[\z- ¥ cn \c- I - Ø n¬
t]mbn''.148˛¬ tPmKn, PwK-a-Im-Pn, ap√m F∂nh¿ A⁄m- \ - Ø n¬ s]´v , hfsc X] p
sNbvXn´pw bmX\ A\p-`-hn-®n´pw Zp¿KXn
{]m]n®p Fs∂√mw Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v.
cXv\-kmcw H∂mw `mKw 170˛mw hiØv FgpXn-bn-cn-°p∂p:˛ HºXv hmkp-tZ-h-∑m¿ AXmbXv {Xn]r-jvT-hm-kp-tZ-h≥, Zzn]r-jvT-hm-kp-tZh≥, kzbw-`q-hm-kp-tZ-h≥, ]pcp-tjm-Ø-a-hm-kptZ-h≥, knwl-]p-cp-j-hm-kp-tZ-h≥, ]pcp-j-]pWvUc

amz kvar

Transcription

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