Studies On Some Important Medicinal And Aromatic

Weekly Science Research Journal
2321-7871
Vol-1, Issue-7, 5th September 2013
Primary Article
Studies On Some Important Medicinal And Aromatic
Plants And Their Traditional Usages In District
Hamirpur –A Sub Himalayan Tropical Region Of
Himachal Pradesh-India
Parveen Kumar Sharma, Rakesh Thakur, Gulshan, Deepika And Deep Kumar
ABSTRACT
The present work is undertaken in Hamirpur Forest Division which is
bounded in North by river Beas, in the East by Baker and Sir Khads and
district Mandi, in South by Sola Singhi Dhar of Himachal Pradesh. The
studies highlight the plant species diversity, indigenous uses in ecosystem
existing in Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh. The area is rich in high
value medicinal plant diversity and local residents practice the Ayurvedic
and Homeopathic System of Medicines. In present paper a total of 91
species belonging to 82 genera and 51 families have been recorded for
using various ailments in human beings. Also 27 plant species have been
recorded during the studies which are being used by local inhabitants to
cure their animals from various ailments in Himachal Pradesh
KEY WORDS:
Diversity, Medicinal Plants,
Ecosystem, Ayurvedic,
Homeopathic, Indigenous Uses,
Ailments, Inhabitants, Genera,
Families, Species.
INTRODUCTION
India has one of the oldest,
richest and most diverse cultural
tradition associated with the use of
medicinal plants, still a living
tradition born out by the fact that
there still exist around a million
traditional village based servers of
herbal medicinal traditions in the
form of traditional birth ailments,
bone settlers, herbal healers and
wandering monks along side,
village elders having traditional
knowledge of herbal home remedies
and of food and nutrition.
Uses of medicinal plants by
ancient people and handing over
the uses from one generation to
next generation by tribal people led
to the study of plants covered under
ethno botany, where relationship
between humans and plants can be
taken care of in health care
programmes and also for
exploration of various lives
supporting species. It also studies
useful information about Socio-
cultural, medico-religious lores and
mores, phrases and proverbs,
taboos and totems prevailing in an
area or in a society.
Himachal Pradesh is
endowed with four agro-climatic
zones with district Hamirpur
located in subtropical climatic
zone. The knowledge of the curative
properties of medicinal and
aromatic plants is acknowledged
since time immemorial. There are
nearly about 15,000 species of
flowering plants out of which only
17% are recognized as having
potential medicinal properties.
Forest areas of district
Hamirpur are endowed with plants
having useful medicinal properties
which are very well recognized by
village people and generally the
village folk even now cure their
ailments by such plants having
medicinal value. With the
advancement of time and
technology various pharmaceutical
companies have extended their
efforts to recognize and develop the
worth of such plants but still more
efforts are required in this
direction. However, there exist
numerous plants with much more
medicinal properties and whose
potential is yet to be recognized and
Page No-1
Parveen Kumar Sharma, Rakesh
Thakur, Gulshan, Deepika And
Deep Kumar
From
Krishi Vigyan Kendra Hamirpur
at Bara-CSK Himachal Pradesh
Krishi Vishvavidhalaya ,
Palampur, Himachal Pradesh
(INDIA)
Te Article is published on
September 2013 issue &
available at
www.weeklyscience.org
DOI : 10.9780/ 2321-7871/172013/20
2321-7871
Vol-1, Issue-7, 5th September 2013
Studies On Some Important Medicinal And Aromatic Plants And Their..........
utilized for the benefit of mankind.
As most of the time collection and harvesting of medicinal plants is NonScientific and Indiscriminate it frequently results in depletion of their natural
population and even some time makes them endangered. So there is urgent need to
collect and conserve the endemic diversity of medicinal plants through efforts like
creation of herbal garden, arboretum, herbarium preparation and people oriented
extension awareness campaign and promotion of farming and cultivation of these
plants by local people.
Land Use :According to estimates of revenue department the total geographical area of
district Hamirpur is 1, 10,070 hectares. Nadaun is largest and Bijhari is the smallest
tehsil of the district. Cultivated area constitutes 33.09% of the total geographical area.
Bhoranj tehsil has relatively more cultivated area i.e. 53.2% followed by Hamirpur,
Nadaun, Barsar, Bijhari and Sujanpur having 38.73, 29.89, 28.59, 27.26 and 20.64%
respectively. The area under forest form 18.4% of total geographical area, the
maximum being in Bijhari tehsil (36.04%) and least in Bhoranj tehsil (5.42%). Area
under permanent pastures and grazing lands in Hamirpur tehsil is small i.e. 0.36%.
The culturable waste land occupies 5.21% and un-culturable waste land 19.2%. Area
under current follow is 6.86%. Based upon the ground survey information the total
cropped area is much higher owing to multiple cropping. Toria is the major crop grown
in between maize and wheat crops sequence under rain fed conditions. Total cropped
area as per revenue estimates is 65.08% and is highest in Bhoranj block.
Results:
Enumeration of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant and their Traditional Usage:
S.
No.
Latin Name Family
Local
Name
Floweri
ng
/
Fruiting
Rakta,Gunja AprilRatti
July
1. Abrus
precatorius
Linn.
Fabacea
e
2. Acorus
calamus
Linn.
Araceae
Bare, Barya, AugustBach
Septemb
er
3. Adhatota
vasica Nees.
Acantha
ceae
Basuti,
Basha
MayJuly
Page No-2
Offici
al
Part
Root
and
Seed.
Uses
Plant is purgative,
diuretic
and
most
effectively being used
in dropsy and in piles.
Seeds made into khir
(cooking of seeds and
milk or water) when
taken are effective to
avoid from problem of
excessive food eating.
Dry
Rhizomes are used in
rhizom dyspepsia,
colic,
es
remittent fevers and
nervine
tonic
in
bronchitis. Also used in
form
of
infusion,
powdered rhizome also
possesses insecticidal
properties and is useful
against
bed
bugs,
moths, lice etc.
Leaves It is used in cough and
and
flowers are taken in
flower chronic bronchitis and
s.
asthma. Leaves are also
tied on wounds to ripe
and execute the puss
from the body.
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Studies On Some Important Medicinal And Aromatic Plants And Their..........
4 Aegle
marmelos
Correa.
Rutacea
e
Bilva, Bael.
May to Pulp
Decemb of ripe
er.
fruit
and
root
bark.
5 Albizzia
lebbeck
Benth.
Mimosa
ceae
Siris, Sarin
Decemb Bark
er
to and
April.
seeds.
6 Acacia
Mimosa
catechu Willd ceae
Khair
7 Aloe
vera, Liliacea
Tourn.
ex e
Linn.
Kwareya,
Kwarpatha,
Ghrit
Kumari.
8 Althea
officinalis
Linn
9 Amaranthus
spinosus
Linn.
10
June to Stem
Septembe heart
r
wood
and
bark.
February
to April.
Whole
plant.
Malvace Tukham
ae.
Khatmi
MarchJuly.
Roots.
Amaran
thaceae
April to Whole
August. plant.
Jangli
Chulai
Argemone
1
Papavera Pili Kateli, February- Root
maxicana Linn ceae
Swarnkshiri April to and
Julyseeds.
Septembe
r
Page No-3
Unripe or half ripe fruit
is used as astringent,
digestive, stomachic in
diarrhea and dysentery.
Root
bark
is
administered
in
intermittent fever and
as fish poisons.
Root bark in powder
form used to strengthen
gums and also used
against
snake
and
scorpion bite. Leaves
are given to the patients
of night blindness.
Stem wood
yields
Katha of commerce and
used in pan masala and
medicines for throat
problems. Bark is used
as astringent.
Plant is stomachic,
purgative,
emmenagogue,
anthelmintic
and
effective in piles and
rectal fissures. Dried
juice of the plant has
cooling effect
and
useful in fevers and
inflammation. Pulp is
useful in menstrual
suppressions.
Root is demulcent and
infusion of flowers
applied to burns.
Roots
used
in
menorrhagia,
gonorrhoea,
eczema,
colic problems and also
lactagogue. Leaves and
roots are given to
children as laxative and
applied as emollient,
poultice to abscesses,
Root used in chronic skin
diseases.
Seeds
are
laxative, emetic and
expectorant, demulcent.
Yellow juice of plant
effective
against
jaundice,
coetaneous
affections and antidote to
snake poison.
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11
12
Asparagus
1
adscendens
Roxb.
Liliacea
Asparagus
racemosus
Willd.
Liliacea
e.
e
Sanspa,
Sanswai
June to Roots.
October
Shataver
Decemb
erJanuary
to March
-April.
AprilMay to
JulyAugust.
Azadirachta
1
Meliace
indica
A.
ae
Juss.
Nim, Neem.
13
14
Bacapa 1
monnieri
Pennell.
Brahmi,
April to
Nira
Septemb
Brahmi, Jal- er.
Neem
15
Baliospermu
1
Euphorb Danti
m montanum iaceae
Muell-Arg.
Through
out year.
16
Bauhinia1
variegata
Linn
Caesalpi Karal,
naceae
Kachnar
February
to April.
Berberis1
lycium
Berberi
daceae
MarchSeptemb
er
17
Scrophu
L. lariacea
e
Kashmal
Page No-4
Roots
Roots are demulcent,
galactagogue, tonic and
useful
in
diarrhea
dysentery
and
in
general debility. Plant is
also used in religious
ceremonies.
Roots are used as tonic
in general debility and
impotence. Plant is also
of religious importance.
Leaves Bark is bitter, tonic and
and
astringent. Also used as
bark.
brushing the teeth to
protect from many
ailments of gum like
pyoria etc. Leaves as
poultice applied to boils
and leaf decoction is
antiseptic and useful in
ulcers and eczema.
Leaves and twigs are
known to be best green
manures for vegetable
and other agricultural
crops.
Whole Plant is nervine tonic,
plant.
used in
asthma,
epilepsy, insanity and
hoarseness. Stem and
leaves useful against
snake bites.
Roots. Roots cathartic are used
in dropsy & jaundice.
Leaf decoction is useful
in asthma. Oil from
seed is hydrogogue,
cathartic and applied
externally
in
rheumatism.
Flower Dried buds used for
buds
dysentery,
piles,
diarrhea and for worms.
Decoction of roots used
in dyspepsia. Root
Root
Root bark is astringent
bark.
and antiperiodic, used
in jaundice, malarial
fever and diarrhea. It is
also used externally to
cure eye diseases. The
ripe fruit are eaten raw
or pickled.
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18
Boerhaavia
1
diffusa Linn
19
Bombax1
ceiba Linn
20
Butea 2
monosperma
(Lam) Kuntze
21
Bryonopsis
2
laciniosa (L)
Naud
22
23
24
Caesalpinia
2
crista Linn.
Calotropis
2
procera (Ait)
R. Br.
Cassia fistula
2
Linn
Nyctagi
naceae
Punarnava,
Itsit,
Ut-Chhata
Roots are diuretic,
laxative
and
expectorant, used in
asthma, in oedema,
anaemia,
jaundice,
ascities, scanty urine,
internal inflammations
and as an antidote to
snake bite.
Malvace Simal,
MarchRoot
Root is stimulative,
ae.
Simbal
May
tonic, forms the chief
ingredient in muslasmul,
aphrodisiac,
given in impotence.
Gum used in diarrhoea,
dysentery, menorrhagia
Papilion Palah,
MarchSeeds, Seeds are anthelmintic.
aceae
Dhak, Palas June
Flower Gum and leaves act as
s
astringent, used in
diarrhea and dysentery.
Flowers are astringent
diuretic,
aphrodisiac
and natural orange/red
dye made from the
flowers.
Cucurbi Shivlingi
JuneSeeds Seeds are supposed to
taceae
August
bring about the birth of
male child. Bitter tonic
from seeds is used in
fever and flatulence.
Caesalpi Lata Karanj, Decemb Bark,
Seeds are antiperiodic,
naceae
Tarang
er-April leaves tonic,
febrifuge
in
Ghadi
and
asthma and in snake
seeds
bites. Tender leaves are
used for liver disorders.
Leaves and seeds used
as external applications
for
dispersing
inflammatory swellings.
Asclepi Aak, Akada February Root
Root bark useful in
adaceae
-May
bark
dysentery, diaphoretic,
and
expectorant,
emetic,
flower paste
applied
to
s
elephantiasis. Powdered
flowers in colds, cough,
asthma
and
in
Caesalpi Aluan,
April to Fruit
Fruit
is
cathartic,
naceae
Amaltas
August
applied in rheumatism.
Seeds are emetic. Roots
are astringent tonic,
febrifuge and purgative.
Leaf juice given in
snake bites.
Page No-5
AprilOctober
Root
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25
Cassia 2 tora Caesalpi Aluan
L.
niaceae
Septemb
erFebruary
26
Celastrus
2
paniculatus
Willd
Celastra
ceae
Sankhiru,
Sankhirian,
Malkangni,
Jyotishmati
27
Centipeda
2
orbicularis
Lour.
Asterac
eae
Nak
Chhiknu
28
29
30
31
Chenepodium
2
Chenopi Bathu,
botrys Linn
diaceae Vastak
Centella2
asiatica
L.urban
Apiacea
e
Cissampelos
3
pareira (L).
Menispe Patindu,
rmaceae Patha
Clerodendron
3
Verbena
infortunatum ceae.
Linn
Brahmi,
Mandukpar
ni
Dhak Kari
Root
leaves
and
seeds
April to Seeds
Septemb and
er
bark
Seeds used in skin
diseases
and
leucoderma, Roots are
used in snake bites.
Bark is abortificent.
Seeds
are
bitter,
laxative,
emetic,
stimulative, aphrodisiac
and
useful
in
rheumatism,
leprosy,
gout, fevers and in
paralysis. Oil from seed
is useful in beriberi and
is powerful stimulative.
January
Leaves Powder of leaves and
to April
and
seeds are inducing
seeds
sneezing and a snuff
made from them is used
in cold. Infusion is
useful in ophthalmia.
Decemb Whole Plant is anthelmintic,
er-April Plant
also useful in catarrh
and humoral asthma.
June to Whole Plant tonic, in diseases
August
plant
of skin, leprosy, nerves
and blood. Leaves taken
as tonic to improve
memory, useful in
syphilitic skin diseases
both internally and
externally. One to two
leaves given to children
in morning to rectify
stuttering
AprilRoot
Roots
are
bitter,
Septemb and
antiperiodic, diuretic,
er
leaves purgative,
stomachic
and are used in
dyspepsia, diarrhoea,
dropsy, cough and
urinary troubles like
cystitis. Leaves are
applied externally on
sores and itch.
January- Leaves Bitter leaves and bark is
April to and
used
for
treating
Junebark
leucoderma,
thirst
July
burning
sensation,
blood diseases, skin
problems and against
malaria.
Page No-6
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32
Cordia 3myxa Boragin
(Roxb. Non aceae
Linn.)
Zingiber
aceae
33
Costus
speciosus
3
(Koen.) Sm
34
Croton 3
tiglium Linn
Euphorb
iaceae
35
36
37
38
Cryptolepsis
3
Asclepi
bunchanani
adaceae
Roem.
&
Schult
Curculigo
3
orchiodes
Gaertn
Amaryll
idaceae
Cuscuta3
reflexa Roxb
Convolv
ulaceae
Cynodon3
Gramin
doctylon (L.) eae
Pers
Lasura.
Fruit is anthelmintic,
diuretic,
demulcent,
expectorant,
used
against infections of
urinary passages, in
diseases of lungs and
spleen. Decoction of
bark in dyspepsia and
fevers. Kernel is a
remedy in ringworm.
Leaves are applied in
ulcers and in headache.
Keu
JulyLeaves Dried rhizomes are
August
and
used for cough, removal
to
roots
of
worms,
skin
Decemb
diseases, and snake
er
bites & as an antifertility drug.
Jablota
Decemb Seeds Seed and oil is diuretic
er-June
strongly
purgative,
irritant,
rubificient,
cathartic. Seeds are also
used against acute
constipation. Stem is
used as toothbrush.
Baker Bail, April - Leaves Leaves are highly toxic
Maida-Singi June
and plant used in
preparations given to
children in rickets. Also
useful for diabetic
patients to control
blood sugar.
Kali musli
JuneRhizo Rhizomes are used in
July to mes
piles, jaundice, asthma,
Octoberdiarrhoea, gonorrhoea,
Novemb
and
considered
er
demulscent,
diuretic,
tonic, alphrodisiac used
as poultice for itch/skin
diseases.
Akasbel,
July
- Whole Plant purgative, used
Amarvela
October climbe externally against itch,
r
internally in protracted
fevers. Infusion of plant
used as a wash for
sores. Stem useful in
Dubh,
Around
Plant
Juice of plant is
Dhrub
the year
astringent used as an
application to fresh cuts
and wound, also used in
dropsy, in hysteria,
epilepsy,
insanity,
chronicle diarrhoea &
dysentery and catarrhal
ophthalmia.
Root
infusion stops bleeding
from piles. Morning
walk with naked feet is
useful for improving
eye sight.
Page No-7
JuneJuly
Fruit,
bark
and
leaves
Vol-1, Issue-7, 5th September 2013
2321-7871
Studies On Some Important Medicinal And Aromatic Plants And Their..........
Cyperus 3
rotundus L
Cyperace
ae
Nagar Motha
September
– January
Tubers
Datura metel
4 L
Solanacea
e
Dhatura.
Rainy
season
Whole
plant
Desmodium
4
gangeticum DC
Papiliona
ceae
Shalparni
41
October
March
Dioscorea4
bulbifera Linn
Dioscorea
ceae
Tardi,
Varahikand
August November
Tubers.
42
39
40
-
Roots
Eclipta 4 alba
Hassk
Asteracea
e
Bhringraj
MaySeptember
Leaves
43
Emblica 4
officinalis
(Gaertns.)
Euphorbi
aceae
Amla
AprilSeptember
Fruits
44
45
Euphorbia4
royleana Boiss
Euphorbi
aceae
Dudhli,
Chhuhi
AugustOctober
Milky
juice
46
Erythrina4indica Papiliona
Lam.
ceae
Praira,
Paribhadra
March - Bark,
April to leaves
June -July
Page No-8
Tubers
are
diuretic,
anthelmintic,
diaphoretic,
astringent and stimulative,
useful in disorders of
stomach and irritation of
bowels.
Seeds/leaves/roots useful in
insanity and fevers with
catarrhs and in cerebral
complications, diarrhea and
in skin diseases.
Roots are astringent and
useful in diarrhoea, in
chronic fevers, biliousness,
coughs, vomiting, asthma,
snake bites and scorpion
stings.
Tubers used in piles,
dysentery, syphilis and also
applied to ulcers. Also used
to avoid pregnancy.
Whole plant is tonic,
deodorant, useful in hepatic
and spleen enlargements and
emetic. Plant juice given in
jaundice. A preparation of
leaves boiled with sesamum
or coconut oil is used for
anointing the head to render
the hair black and luxuriant.
Fruit is acrid, cooling,
refrigerant, diuretic and
laxative. Dried fruit useful in
haemorrhages, diarrhea and
dysentery.
With
iron
supplements it is a remedy
for anemia, jaundice and
dyspepsia. It is an important
ingredient of Chayavanprash
and Triphala, used against
stomach
troubles
and
general weakness. Seeds are
useful in treating asthma,
bronchitis and biliousness.
Milky juice is anthelmintic
& cathartic. Plant used as a
fish poison. Also used in
religious rituals.
Bark is astringent &
febrifuge used in liver
troubles, as a collyrium in
ophthalmia, antidote to
snake bites. Leaves are
laxative,
diuretic,
anthelmintic, galactagogue
and emmenagogue, applied
externally for dispersing
veneral buboes and for
relieving pain in joints.
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Studies On Some Important Medicinal And Aromatic Plants And Their..........
Euphorbia4 hirta Euphorbi
Linn
aceae
Choti dudhi
FebruaryApril
Whole
Plant
Fumaria 4
parviflora Lam
Fumariac
eae
Pitpapra.
48
FebruaryApril
Whole
plant
49
Gmelina 4
arborea Linn
Verbenac
eae
Gambhari,
Gumbar
April-May
to
JulyAugust
Leaves,
plant
Holarrhena
5
antidysenterica
Wall.
Apocynac
eae
Inderjoe, Kutaj
AprilDecember
Bark &
Seeds
Gloriosa 5
superva (Linn.)
Liliaceae
Kalihari
AugustOctober
Roots
Jasminum5
grandiflorum
Linn
Oleaceae
Chameli,
Malti.
MarchApril
&
June-July
Leaves,
flower
Lepidium 5
sativum Linn.
Crucifera
e
Haloon
Winter
season
Whole
plant
Seeds are galactagogue, boiled
with milk causes abortion.
Applied as poultice against
pains and hurts. Seeds put into
eyes for cleaning eye dirt. Plant
is also useful in asthma, cough
and bleeding piles.
Mallotus 5
philippinensis
Muell Arg
Melia azedarach
Euphorbi
aceae
Kamal.
April-June
Fruit
Leaves with sarson oil are
used against the Jaundice.
Meliaceae
Linn.
.
Darek
Mahanimb.
March April to
June-July.
Root
bark,
fruit,
flower
leaves
Plant is deodorant. Flowers
and leaves poultice is used
to relive headache. Seeds are
used in rheumatism. Fruit is
used in leprosy and in
scrofula.
47
50
51
52
53
54
55
Page No-9
Plant is used in treating
worms’
infection
in
children’s,
in
bowel
complaints and cough. Juice
of plant is useful in
dysentery. Decoction of
plant used in bronchial
affection and in asthma.
Latex of plant is used in
application for warts.
Dried plant is anthelmintic,
diuretic, aperian and useful
in low fever. It purifies
blood and used in treating
skin diseases.
Plant is used against snake
bites and scorpion stings.
Leaf juice is demulcent and
used in gonorrhea & coughs.
It
removes
foe tied
discharges and worms from
ulcers.
After drying and grinding of
the bark, the powder is
rubbed over body in dropsy.
Decoction made from stem
mixed with Bael fruit is used
for dysentery. Leaf juice is
useful in joint pains and
piles. Seeds are astringent
and are used in treating
intestinal worms.
Roots are used in general
abortions, expulsion of
placenta, skin inflammations
and in removal of lices,
rheumatism
and
in
gonorrhoea.
Plant is anthelmintic diuretic
& emmenagogue. Flowers
are used as application in
skin diseases, headache, in
weak eyes and in scorpion
stings. Leaves chewed as
treatment for ulcerations or
eruptions in mouth. Oil
prepared from juice of
leaves is poured into ear in
otorrhoea.
2321-7871
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Studies On Some Important Medicinal And Aromatic Plants And Their..........
56
Mentha 5
Lamiace Pahari
spicata Linn. ae
Pudina
57
Mucuna5
Fabacea
prurita Hook. e
58
Murraya5
koenigi
Rutacea
e
59
Nerium 5
odorum
Soland.
Apocyn
aceae
60
Ocimum6
basilicum
Linn.
Lamiace
ae
Ocimum6
sanctum Linn
Lamiace
ae
62
Ocimum6
gratissimum
Linn
Lamiace
ae
63
Ocimum6
kilimandscha
ricum L.
Lamiace
ae
61
MarchJune
Leaves are given in
fevers and bronchitis.
Decoction used as a
lotion in apathies. Herb
is considered stimulant
carminative
and
antispasmodic. Seeds
are mucilaginous.
Draugal,
JulyRoots Roots and seeds are
Gajal bael, Septemb pods,
used for elephantiasis,
Konchbej
er
seeds
leucorrhoea,
bael
spermatorrhoea, nervine
tonic and in paralysis.
Roots are purgative
given with honey in
Cholera.
Gandhla,
AprilLeaves Plant is used as tonic in
Ghandhelu, June.
, bark stomache. Bark and
Mithaneem,
and
roots are stimulative,
Kadipatta
roots
externally used to cure
eruptions and bites
from poisonous insects.
Green leaves eaten as
raw to cure dysenteries.
Kaner
March to Root,
Paste made from roots
June
leaves is applied in ulcerations
externally. Decoction of
leaves is used to reduce
swelling. Oil prepared
from root bark is used
in skin diseases of a
scaly type in leprosy.
Bhavari,
Septemb Whole Decoction with honey
Babui Tulsi erplant
is given in acute cough.
February
Roots are used in bowel
complaints of children.
Tulsi.
Septemb Whole Decoction gives relief
er
– plant
in irritation of throat,
October
earache and ringworm.
to
Seedsare used internally
Decemb
in constipation and
er
piles and disorder of the
January
genito urinary systems.
Root
decoction
is
diaphoretic and useful
in malaria.
Long Tulsi
Winter
Whole Oil is used in
plant
flavouring foods and
improving appetite.
Leaves increases sperm
count.
Kapur Tulsi. All time Whole Plant
is
insect
plant
especially mosquitoes
repellent. Oil is used in
muscular strain and in
pain balms.
Page No-10
Whole
plant
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64
65
66
67
68
69
70
Oroxylum
6
Bignoni
indicum Vent. aceae.
Tatpalanga,
Seonak
Seeds are purgative.
Tender fruit is used in
stomachic. Bark in
powder form or infusion
along
with
haldi
(Curcuma longa) useful
to cure sore backs of
horses. It is one of
important ingredient of
Dasmularistha.
Oxalis 6
Oxalida Changeri.
MarchWhole Plant is used to cure
corniculata
ceae
April
plant
scurvy and leaves gives
Linn.
cooling effect, used for
treating eye pain.
Phyllanthus
6
Euphorb Bhumi amla JuneWhole Fresh roots are used as a
urinaria
iaceae
Decembe plant
remedy for jaundice.
Linn.
r
Infusion of young shoot
given in dysentery.
Milky juice used as
application for offensive
sores. Plant is used as a
diuretic in dropsical
affections, gonorrhoea
and other troubles of
genito - urinary tract.
Pistacia6
Anacard Kakerain,
MayGalls
Galls are used as tonic
integerrima
iaceae
Karkat
- July.
in coughs, phthisis and
Stew.
ex
shringi
asthma. Powder mixed
Brandis
with ghee given in
dysentery. Also act as
antidote for snake bites
and scorpion stings.
Phumbago
6
Plumba Chitra,
AprilRoot
Root is appetizer and
zeylanica
ginacea Chitrak
Septemb bark
used
against
skin
Linn
e
er
&
diseases,
diarrhoea,
Novemb
dyspepsia and piles.
erPaste with vinegar, milk
Decemb
or salt water is applied
er
externally in leprosy
and
other
skin
problems. Milky juice
is used as application in
scabies and ulcers.
Pueraria6
Legumi Salohar,
MayRoot
Root is given as
tuberora DC
nosae
Vidari Kand June
demulcent in fevers,
peeled and bruised into
a paste used to reduce
swellings. Crushed and
rubbed on the body in
fever and rheumatism.
Putranjiva
7
Euphorb Jivapota,
March - Leaves The fruit is tied around
roxburghii
iaceae
Putrajivak
May
, fruits the neck of children to
Wall
stones keep off diseases and
of
worn by women during
fruits
pregnancy to prevent
abortion. Also known
for giving birth to a
male child.
Page No-11
Septemb
er
–
October
to
Decembe
r
January
Seeds,
Bark,
Root
bark,
Fruit
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71
Randia 7
dumetorum
Lam
Rubiace
ae
72
Ricinus 7
communis
Linn
Euphorb
iaceae
Rumex 7
hastatus
Polygon
aceae
74
Sapindus
7
mukorossi
Gaertn
Sapinda
ceae
75
Sida 7
cordifolia
Linn
Malvace
ae
73
Rada,
Madanphal,
Mainphal
MayFruit
June to
Sept-Oct
Fruit is used as poison
to fishes. Pulp of ripe
fruit
is
used
in
dysentery, anthelmintic,
abortificient,
ground
into a course powder
applied to the tongue
and palate for fevers
and incidental ailments
during dentition. Bark is
astringent,
given
internally and also
applied externally when
bone-ache,
during
fevers. Used as an
external application in
rheumatism. Aqueous
extract of root bark is
actively insecticidal.
Arandi,
Monsoon Seeds, Leaves are used against
Arand
s
and leaf.
abortion,
jaundice,
winter
paralysis, stomach pain
and sterilization. Seed
kernels are used in
contraception, filariasis
and sterilization. Latex
for
toothache.
By
putting luke worm desi
ghee on leaves tied on
joints are useful in
rheumatic pains.
Khatmith
AprilWhole Plant acidic, used in
June
plant
chutneys and pickles,
anti
Inflammatory,
cardiac tonic, diuretic.
Root bark source of
tannin
Ritha, Doda AprilFruit.
Fruit is expectorant and
August
used in salivation and
epilepsy. Also as Fish
poison.
Daridhain,
October- Plant, Seed aphrodisiac and
Bala
Novemb roots,
given in gonorrhoea,
er
to juice
colic, Decoction of root
Decemb and
with ginger used as
erseeds
febrifuge. Root bark
January
with sesamum oil and
milk effective in curing
cases of facial paralysis
and sciatica. As powder
given with milk and
sugar for relief of
frequent
micturation
and leucorrhoea. Juice
of roots used for
healing wounds. Juice
of plant with water
given
for
spermatorrhoea.
Page No-12
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76
Solanum7
indicum Linn
Solanac
eae
Badi
Kantkari,
Badi Bhindi
MarchApril
Solanum7
nigrum Linn
Solanac
eae.
Makoi.
77
MarchSeptemb
er
Solanum7
Solanac
xanthocarpu eae
m Schard &
Wendl
Choti
Kantkari,
Choti
Bhindi
Decemb
er-April
Spilanthes
7
acmella Murr
Akarkara,
Karkara
AprilOctober
Jamun,
Jamni
AprilJuly
78
79
80
Syzygium
8
cumini
(Linn.)Skeels
Asterac
eae
Myrtace
ae
Page No-13
Leaves Roots are carminative
and
& expectorant and
fruits
fruits are laxative and
digestive. Leaf juice
with fresh juice of
ginger taken to cure
vomiting.
Plant
Leaves are used for
and
constipation, jaundice,
fruit
piles,
ulcers
and
fissures in the mouth
and root powder in
whooping
cough.
Berries used in fever,
diarrhoea,
eye
affections,
hydrophobias.
Root,
Root expectorant used
leaves, in
cough
asthma,
fruit
catarrh fever and in
chest pain. Juice of
berries used in sore
throat. Plant diuretic
used in dropsy and
decoction
in
gonorrhoea.
Leaves
applied externally to
relieve paid and leaf
juice with black pepper
in rheumatism.
Roots, All parts of the plant
Flower are acrid. They are
and
chewed
to
relieve
fruit
toothache
and
affections of throat and
gums and paralysis of
tongue. It is a popular
remedy for stammering
in children. The herb
can be used against
scurvy. The decoction
is also given as diuretic.
Flower tincture is a
powerful
mosquito
larvicide. Crushed plant
is used as a fish poison.
Bark,
Seeds are useful to cure
Seeds, diabetes; fruit is useful
fruit
astringent in bilious
diarrhoeas. Bark is
astringent. Leaf juice
used in dysentery. Fruit
juice made into vinegar
and used as stomachic,
carminative and as a
diuretic.
2321-7871
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Studies On Some Important Medicinal And Aromatic Plants And Their..........
Terminalia
8
Combre
arjuna W. & taceae
A
Arjun
Terminalia
8
Combre
belerica Roxb taceae
Bahera
82
Terminalia
8
chebula Retz
Combre
taceae
Harad.
83
Tinospora
8
cordifolia
(Willd) Miers
Menispe Gulaj,
rmaceae Geloye,
Amrita
85
Vernonia8
cinerea Less.
Asterac
eae
86
Vinca 8rosea Apocyn
Linn
aceae
81
84
Sehdevi.
Sada bahar
MaySeptemb
er
The bark is acrid and
has styptic cardiac tonic
febrifugal
and
antidysenteric
properties.
The
powdered bark in taken
with milk in fractures
and confusions. The
decoction of bark is
used to wash ulcer.
MayFruit,
Fruit pulp used in
June
Kernel dropsy, diarrhoea, piles,
leprosy,
biliousness
dyspepsia
and
in
headache. Half ripe
fruit
is
used
as
purgative.
Kernel
possesses the narcotic
properties.
AprilFruit,
An
important
June to bark
constituent of Triphala.
JanuaryBark is diuretic and
February
used as cardiac tonic.
Powdered fruit is used
as a dentrifuge and
considered useful in
caricus tooth, bleeding,
ulceration of gums.
March - Stem
Plant juice is diuretic,
June to
useful in gonorrhoea.
Septemb
Stem
is
bitter
er
stomachic, antiperiodic,
October
antipyretic, powdered
and used as aphrodisiac.
Starch from root and
stem is very nutritive
and used in chronicle
diarrhoea
and
dysentery.
The
decoction of leaves is
given in gout and roots
in visceral obstructions.
AprilWhole Plant is considered to
June
plant
be diaphoretic and used
as decoction to promote
perspiration in febrile
conditions. Used as
remedy for sprain of the
bladder. Juice of plants
given for piles. Roots
used against dropsy.
All
Flower Plant used for treating
seasons
s and diabetes. Infusion of
leaves leaves for menorrhagia.
Page No-14
Bark,
Fruit
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Studies On Some Important Medicinal And Aromatic Plants And Their..........
87
Viola serpens
8
Violace
Wall
ae
88
Vitex 8
negundo Linn
Verbena Bana,
ceae
Nirgundi.
89
Woodfordia
8
fruticosa
Kurz
Lythrac
eae
Dhai,
Dhataki
90
Withania9
somnifera
Dunal
Solanac
eae
Asgandh,
Aswagandh
a
Banefsha
February
-March
Whole
plant,
flower
Plant is antipyretic,
diaphoretic.
Flowers
demulcent
used
decoction in cold and
cough, biliousness and
in lung troubles.
AprilRoots Leaves are aromatic,
May to and
tonic vermifuge, dried
Septemb leaves one are smoked for
errelief from headache,
October
catarrh,
useful
in
dispersing swelling of
joints
from
acute
rheumatism
and
swelling of the testis
from
suppressed
gonorrhoea. Decoction
of leaves with long
pepper given in catarrh
and fevers and in
heaviness of head and
dullness of hearing,
used as a bath in the
puerperal states of
women. Juice of leaves
is used for removing
foetid, discharges and
worms from ulcers.
MarchFlower Dried flowers used in
May
menorragia,
in
derangement of livers,
disorders of mucuous
membranes
and
haemorrhages, piles and
considered as a safe
stimulant in pregnancy.
April to Roots, Bruished leaves and ground
Septemb Leaves roots used as a local
application
to
painful
er
swelling, carbuncles and
ulcers. Fruit diuretic, Seeds
hypnotic, diuretic, used for
coagulating milk. Roots are
tonic, stimulant, aphrodisiac,
narcotic,
abortificient,
diuretic and used
in
rheumatism.
91
Zanthoxylum
9
alatum Roxb.
Rutacea
e
Tirmir,
Tejbal
Page No-15
MarchMay
Stem
bark,
Seeds
Seeds and bark is
aromatic, tonic used in
fevers and dyspepsia.
Fruit branches and
thorns are used as fish
poison and as a remedy
for tooth-aches.
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Studies On Some Important Medicinal And Aromatic Plants And Their..........
TREATMENT OF ANIMAL AILMENTS
Sr.
No.
Latin Name
1. Mallotus
philippinensis
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9
10
11
Local
Name
Kamal
Material
Used
Kamila/seeds
of tree are
powdered &
used.
Ailment
Worm
infection,
Pica and
Constipati
on
Method of use
The brick-red powder of
seeds of Kamila tree (25 g)
alongwith 100 g raya mixed
in 1.5 litres of lassi and
given to animals. This
causes cleaning of stomach
and animal is cured.
Butea
Palah
Seed of palas WormSeeds of palas with cumin
monosperma
(Flame
of infection
seeds are used for treating
Forest)
and
worm
infection
and
indigestio indigestion in cows and
n.
buffaloes.
Pinnus spp.
Cheer
Green spikes WormGreen spikes of pine tree
of pine tree infection
mixed with lassi are given
& Lassi.
to the animal having
endoparasites.
Grevia optiva
Buel
Crushed bark WormBark of Buel is crushed and
of Buel.
infection
given to the animals
suffering from Worminfections.
Sesamum
Til
Til oil, Sugar Blockage The ingredients likes Til oil
orientale
and eggs.
of teats of 250 g. sugar 250 g and eggs
milch
(6 Nos.) are mixed and fed
animal
to the milch animal 2-3
times.
Solanum nigrum Jangli
Fruits
of Blockage Fruits of wild Bhindi are
Bhindi
wild Bhindi
of teats of ground and paste is applied
milch
on the affected teats to
animal
remove block-age.
Asafoetida
Heeng
Heeng
Indigestio For curing indigestion, a
n
and piece of heeng is first
bloat
heated and then fed @
3g/animal and in bloat it is
mixed with mustard and
turpentine oil.
Azadirachta
Neem
Crushed
Skin
Juice is applied on the
indica
Neem leaves disease
affected skin.
in water
Duchensnea
Tea
Tea leaves, Abdomina A decoction of tea leaves
indica,
Ajwain
Ajwain and l pain
(250 g), Ajwain (100 g) and
Carum copticum Soanf
Fennel
Fennel (100 g) are boiled
Foenicfulum
together and fed to the
vilgara
ailing animal.
Zizipus jujuba,
Jarer,
Sarson oil
Foot and Roots of Jarer, bark of
Curcuma longa Kangoo
Mouth
Kangoo and Haldi are
Flacourtia
Haldi
&
Disease
boiled in water. The
indica,
Sarson
(FMD)
affected hoofs are washed
Brassica
with this solution. Mouth
campestris.
infection is cured with the
application of sarson oil.
Colotropis
Aak
Crushed
Foot and Leaves of Aak are crushed
procera
leaves
of Mouth
and mixed with concentrate
Aak mixed Disease
and then fed to the ailing
with
(FMD)
animal.
concentrate
Page No-16
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Studies On Some Important Medicinal And Aromatic Plants And Their..........
12
Cuscuta reflexa
13
Pennisetum spp.
14
Ficus pameta
Bharooni
khashra
Fig stick.
Tongue
swelling
15
Flacourtia
indica
Kungu
Kungu
powder
Eye
swelling
16
Acacia fistula
Amaltash
Beads
of Constipati
Amaltash
on
17
Brassica
campestris
Sarson
Mustard
Constipati
oil/desi ghee. on
18
Brassica
campestris
Ganna
Two and a Expulsion
half
sugar of
cane top.
placenta
19
Allium sativum
Gloriosa
superba
Lahasun
kalijiri
20
Citrus
pseudolimon,
Zingiber
officinale.
Oryza sativa
21
Amber bel , Extract
of Foot and
Akash bel
Aakash Bel
Mouth
Disease
(FMD)
Mandal
Roots
of Maggot
mandal
infection
plant.
Affected animals are treated
by applying the extract of
Aakash bel for 3-5 times.
The roots of mandal plants
are crushed and applied on
the affected portion to kill
maggots.
Fig stick is heated /roasted
and placed on affected
portion of tongue.
Kungu powder (orange
mass) is used against eye
infection.
20-25 seeds of Amaltash are
boiled in water and then
lukewarm solution is given
to the ailing animal.
For curing constipation in
large animal, 1/3-1/2 L
mustard oil is given
whereas it is reduced to 2575 ml in young ones.
Mustard oil is also given in
case of Lantana poisoning.
If the placenta is not
expelled with in 5-8 hours
after calving, two and a half
sugarcane top can be fed to
the animal for expulsion of
placenta.
Mixture of crushed onion,
hukka water and kalijiri is
given orally to the affected
animals.
Onion,
Hukka ( a
local device
use
to
smoke)
water
and
kalijiri
Galgal,
Dried galgal,
Adrak
& ginger, rock
Gumma
salt.
Namak.
Dhann
Paddy
Expulsion
of
placenta
Cough
and
internal
injuries
Cough
and
internal
injuries
Dried Galgal is burnt and
the ash is mixed with ginger
and rock salt and the given
to the animal.
Paddy is fed to animal for
curing respiratory ailments.
100-200 g of Soanf is soaked in
water overnight and the given to
the suffering animal, to cure the
problem of prolapsed of uterus.
Flowers of banana are crushed
and mixed with wheat flour and
fed to the animal for 2-3 days.
The female animal will come into
heat with in 15 days.
20-30 g of powdered turmeric or
black pepper is mixed with 1lt. of
mustard oil. It is drenched to the
animals for 5 alternate days.
22
Foeniculum
vulgare
Soanf
Fennel.
Prolapsed of
uterus
23
Musa sapientum
Ttriticum aestivum
Kela, kannak
Flowers
of
banana mixed
with
wheat
flour
To
bring
animal into
heat
24
Curcuma longa,
Brassica
compestris
Haldi,
Sarson.
Powdered
turmeric mixed
with 1lt. of
mustard oil.
Antiseptic
and Blood
purification
Page No-17
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Studies On Some Important Medicinal And Aromatic Plants And Their..........
Conclusion:
The geographical area of
Hamirpur forest division is 958.44 KM2
and divided into five forest ranges namely
Hamirpur, Aghar, Bijhari, Barsar and
Nadaun for the purpose of management.
Elevation varies from 570 to 1150m.
Following hill ranges traverse the region.
The Jakh Dhar:　It runs in continuation of the
Kalidhar ranges in the Kangra district. It
enters Hamirpur near Nadaun and
traverses it in a South Eastern direction.
The town of Hamirpur lies to the East of
this range where the country is
undulating. However in North and North
East bare and rugged hills and deep
ravines with precipitous sides transform
the landscape into what has been
described as “an agitated sea suddenly
arrested and fixed into stones”. The
Chabutra hills have the same dip and
strike as in the Jakh dhar and are
continued beyond the Beas to what is
known as the Changer, a mass of rugged
and broken hills.
The Sola Singhi Dhar:　It is the longest range of the tract
and is known by various names; by
Chintpurni and Jaswan dhar in Una and
by Sola Singhi in Hamirpur. It
commences near ghati on the Beas and
running South Eastwards form the
boundary of the Kangra and Una district.
On its Southward passage, it increases in
width and height and attains a width of
some 20 miles. Upto Bharwain in Una,
the formation is tolerably uniform, the
hills sloping down to the Swan in a series
of undulating valleys, but the
configuration after Bharwain is pecular.
From the boundry ridge, the tract drops
sharply for several hundred feet and then
as viewed from above, appears to be a
gently sloping table and running down to
the Swan Khad. Actually it is a tangled
mass of hills, with tops varying from flat
plateau to sharp ridges cut up by deep
nallahs with precipitous sides. On
entering Hamirpur district, the Sola
Singhi traverses in a South Eastern
direction and separates Kutlehar(Una
district) from Nadaun (Hamirpur district).
It runs more or less parallel to the Jakh
Dhar and terminates on the Sutlej. The
portion to the North of the ridge and
South of the Beas generally consist of
long easy slopes cut into by a number of
broad stonely nallahs.
The Jakh and Sola Singhi Dhar in
Hamirpur surround this valley which is
constituted by the Northern and
Southern branches of the Suker khad,
the former is situated on the basin of Beas
and the latter of Sutlej. There is no single
watershed between the two rivers. The
ground in the Northern, North-Eastern
and central part of this valley on either
side of the watershed is extra ordinarily
broken and subject to severe erosion.
Landslips are common, ridges are
generally knife edged and run in different
direction. The country immediate to the
North-East of the Sola Singhi is
undulating in character.
Hamirpur district in Himachal
Pradesh has wide diversity of broad
leaved and deciduous plants and has
been regarded as a veritable emporium of
plant genetic resources of medicinal
plants. The present work is undertaken
in Hamirpur Forest Division which is
bounded in North by river Beas, in the
East by Baker and Sir Khads and district
Mandi, in South by Sola Singhi Dhar has
remained unexplored for its vegetal
resources of medicinal plants except the
work done by researchers from Research
Institute in Indian System of Medicines
located at Jogindernagar in district
Mandi of Himachal Pradesh.
So, the present work involves
mainly identification, inventorization and
comparative studies of potential
medicinal plants of district Hamirpur.
This would prove extremely useful in
assessing the status, utilization potential
and future strategies for the conservation
of medicinal plants resources in these
areas and hence encourage similar
approach in adjoining areas and result in
policy documentation on the subject.
District is very rich in plants with
medicinal value and a concerted effort is
needed for their conservation. To check
the loss of biodiversity owing to
overexploitation and habitat degradation,
effective measures for conservation and
management need to be put in place.
Priority should be given for conservation
of high-value species listed in this study.
The involvement of local inhabitants with
their local tradition and culture is very
important for conservation of indigenous
knowledge and traditional practices. The
present study will serve as baseline
information for planning and policy
regarding the District.
Page No-18
2321-7871
Vol-1, Issue-7, 5th September 2013
Studies On Some Important Medicinal And Aromatic Plants And Their..........
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