Banks How to adapt to Basel III Overweight (Maintain)
Transcription
Banks How to adapt to Basel III Overweight (Maintain)
Banks Sector Report / Banks May 7, 2012 How to adapt to Basel III Overweight (Maintain) Basel III will change how banks operate Company Rating TP (KRW) DGB Fin. Group BUY 21,000 BS Fin. Group BUY 19,000 Sector performance (12M) (p) Rel. to KOSPI (%p, R) 2,500 Bank sector index (pt, L) (%p) 4 2,000 2 0 1,500 -2 -4 -6 1,000 -8 -10 500 -12 -14 -16 0 Apr-12 Mar-12 Jan-12 Nov-11 Sep-11 Jul-11 Source: WICS provided by WISEfn Basel III will take effect from 2013. According to a 2010 Basel III impact study, domestic banks will be able to manage their capital ratios without much difficulty. However, the new liquidity and leverage ratio standards introduced in Basel III will prompt banks to change their mid to long-term asset management and funding strategies. Of note, in order to meet minimum liquidity standards, domestic banks must increase the weighting of high-quality liquid assets such as government bonds in their asset management portfolio, as well as retail and SME deposits in their funding portfolio. Impact of stricter capital definition on Korean banks’ dividend payout: Minimal Basel III strengthens capital requirements but it will not likely pull down the already low dividend payout ratio of Korean banks. In Basel III, banks need to hold capital buffers above the regulatory minimum capital requirement as a cushion in case of stress. The minimum capital conservation ratio varies by level of excess capital. Korean banks are subject to a “0%” capital conservation requirement according to their excess capital. The KIS Universe banks’ (except Korea Exchange Bank) dividend payout ratio averaged 11% in 2011 and is very unlikely to fall further. As banks introduce Basel III, we expect the standards for financial holding companies will be upgraded to Basel II from Basel I. Basel II could lift the financial holding companies’ BIS ratio, which may push up the dividend payout ratio. Top picks: Maintain BS and DGB Financial Groups We maintain BS and DGB Financial Groups as our top picks. Implementation of Basel III should highlight their value. With the new rules, more emphasis will be placed on high-quality liquid assets and retail and SME deposits. In that aspect, the two groups have an advantage over commercial banks. Thanks to a high capital ratio, BS and DGB Financial Groups will likely maintain their dividend payout at a higher level than nationwide banks. Korean banks’ dividend payout (%) Nationwide banks 40 Prov incial banks 35 30 25 20 15 Joanne Lee 82-2-3276-5956 [email protected] 10 Nationwide banks ex-Korea Exchange Bank 5 0 02 03 04 05 Source: DART, Korea Investment & Securities 06 07 08 09 10 11 12F Sector report focus What is the report about? • Give an outlook for Korean banks’ dividend policy changes and mid to long-term responses to the introduction of Basel III • Present the possibility that capital requirements in Basel III will have a positive effect on Korean banks’ dividend payout ratio, unlike the market’s concern • With the introduction of a capital buffer, further downside for the dividend payout ratio is limited. • Israeli bank shares gained 7% for a day after the dividend payment of excess capital was allowed Israeli bank shares pre and post announcement of Basel III adoption (2011.05.01=100) Key assumptions and valuation 110 • In Basel III, Korean banks would bear almost no burden in managing capital ratios in the short-term and see some changes to earning asset/funding composition over the mid to long-term 100 90 80 70 Bank Leumi Le Israel Discount Bank Mizrahi Tefahot Bank Bank Hapoalim 60 Sensitivity & scenario analysis 50 • The quantitative impact study (QIS) conducted in 2010 showed that the downside in capital ratios for Korean banks would be limited in the Basel III framework • A 2%p rise in the portion of government bonds and a 2%p drop in the portion of household loans in Korean banks’ interestearning assets compared to end-2011 would trim the bank sector’s average ROE by 0.18%p 2010 QIS for Basel III introduction: Tier 1 ratio changes (%) Pre-Basel III 12 Post-Basel III 10 8 Basel lll rules announced 40 May-11 Aug-11 Nov-11 Feb-12 Source: Bloomberg, Korea Investment & Securities 2) Effects of liquidity ratio introduction • Earning asset management: The portion of government and municipal bonds to rise in an attempt to raise high-quality liquid asset weighting • Funding: Retail and SME deposits to gain importance • The weighting of high-quality liquid assets that typically yield low margins should grow in earning assets; But negative effect on margins would be limited if banks’ exposure to large company assets (typically narrower NIS) shrinks 6 High-quality liquid asset weighting (government/municipal) 4 2 8 0 (%) 7 Major banks (23 countries avg.) Major banks (Korean QIS banks) Others (23 countries avg.) Others (Korean QIS banks) Source: FSS, Korea Investment & Securities 6 5 4 3 2 KEB Hana IBK Avg. Shinhan KB Woori 0 Busan • Korea’s Financial Supervisory Service plans to release the guidelines to implement Basel III in 1H12 • If capital requirements turn out stricter than expected, it could be a risk factor 1 Daegu Risks/opportunities Source: Company data, Korea Investment & Securities Sector highlights Peer comparison 1) Tighter capital requirements in Basel III framework • Basel III rules should be phased in worldwide from 2013 • Korean banks have good capital adequacy and their dividend payout ratios are already among the world’s lowest Contents I. Basel III: Implications of stricter capital requirements .................................................................... 2 1. Basel III: Stricter capital requirements and new regulations on leverage and liquidity ratios 2. Higher capital requirements affect dividend payout but impact limited on Korea banks II. Basel III: Introduction of liquidity ratio............................................................................................................... 8 1. Liquidity requirements to change asset/funding composition 2. Earning asset management: Attempt to lift high-quality liquid asset weighting 3. Funding: Banks with early lead in retail and SME deposit markets to be winners III. Waiting for FSS’ Basel III guidelines .............................................................................................................. 13 1. Subject to Basel III: Consolidated vs. stand-alone basis 2. Adoption of SIFI requirements 3. Adoption of contingent capital system IV. Stock strategy ............................................................................................................................................................................. 14 Top picks: BS and DGB Financial Groups Banks I. Basel III: Implications of stricter capital requirements Global banks will adopt the Basel III rules starting in 2013. Basel III strengthens capital requirements and introduces new regulatory requirements on bank liquidity and leverage ratios. The draft guidelines for Basel III were agreed by world leaders at the G20 summit in Seoul, Korea, in Oct 2010 and according to the draft, each country will publish its own Basel III text. Korea will have its detailed Basel III scope in 1H12. In this report, we shall review possible changes to the banks’ asset growth and funding structures in Basel III. Progress of Basel III implementation in Asia Draft published Country Draft published/ expected final rules Final rules Minimum common equity Tier (CET) 1 ratio Minimum Tier 1 capital ratio Total capital ratio Implementation Capital conservation buffer Australia India Singapore Hong Kong China Philippines Malaysia Sep 2012 Sep 2011 Jan 2012 Dec 2012 Jan 2012 Nov 2011 By 1Q12 1Q12 Dec 10 Early 2012 Consultation period ends Feb 15 Consultation period on MAS ends Feb 17 2H12 By 3Q12 Mid-2012 4.5% 4.5% 5.5% 6.5% 4.5% 5.0% 6.0% 4.5% 6.0% 6.0% 7.0% 8.0% 6.0% 6.0% 7.5% 6.0% 8.0% 8.0% 9.0% 10.0% 8.0% 8.0% 10.0% 8.0% Jan 2013 to Jan 2015 Jan-2013 Jan 2013 to Jan 2015 Jan 2013 to Jan 2015 Jan 2013 to Jan 2015 Jan 2012 By Jan 2014 Jan 2013 to Jan 2015 2.50% 2.50% 2.50% 2.50% Implementation Jan 2016 to Jan 2019 Jan 2016 Mar 2014 to Mar 2017 Countercyclical buffer Up to 2.5% Up to 2.5% From Jan 2016 Decision by 2015, Jan 2016 implemented Implementation Preliminary draft published Basel End-2012 2.50% 2.50% Jan 2016 to Jan 2019 Jan 2016 to Jan 2019 By Jan 2012 To be announced Up to 2.5% Up to 2.5% Up to 2.5% To be announced Jan 2016 to Jan 2019 Jan 2016 to Jan 2019 Jan 2012 2.50% 2.50% By Jan 2014 Jan 2016 to Jan 2019 Under consideration Under consideration Concept papers outlining rules by 2014 Note: 1) Singapore: Starting at 4.5% CET1, 6% Tier 1 by 2013 2) Hong Kong: CET1 and T1 from 2013 to 2015; Already 8% minimum CAR 3) China: Grace period of 2 years for systemically important (SIFI) banks and 5 years for other commercial banks Source: Each country, Press release, Korea Investment & Securities Basel III: Stricter capital requirements and new regulations on leverage and liquidity ratios The main purpose of Basel II implemented in 2005 was to ensure supervisory review by the authorities and continued oversight by market participants on banks’ minimum capital levels. But limitations of Basel II were demonstrated as some banks suffered liquidity problems despite lofty capital ratios during the financial crisis in 2008. Their liquidity risks quickly spilled over to other financial institutions and became a trigger of systemic risks. As such, Basel III was drawn up to avoid a repetition of the global financial crisis that Basel II was unable to prevent. Basel III strengthens bank capital requirements and introduces new regulatory requirements on liquidity and leverage. The higher capital requirements will be implemented in the beginning of 2013. The liquidity and leverage ratio requirements will be phased in 2015 and 2018, respectively, after a grace period. 2 Banks Basel III capital structure Source: Moody’s, Korea Investment & Securities Higher capital requirements affect dividend payout but impact limited on Korea banks Basel III adopts stricter capital definition and raises minimum capital requirements Basel III introduces tougher capital rules by adopting: 1) the Core Tier 1 (common equity Tier 1) capital requirement to encourage banks to secure quality capital and 2) raising the minimum requirements for the Tier 1 ratio and BIS ratio (Tiers 1 + 2). The capital ratio is a ratio of a bank’s capital to its total risk-weighted assets (RWA). As the Basel III definition of capital (numerator) is stricter while the scope of RWA (denominator) is larger, it eventually lowers the banks’ capital ratios. In Basel II, the minimum capital ratio requirement was 8% regardless of economic conditions. But considering significant changes in RWA depending on the economy, Basel III requires a minimum countercyclical buffer against RWA. Basel III’s stricter capital requirements Source: Unlike European banks, Korea banks have already adopted conservative capital requirements → impact of new definition of capital is limited Moody’s, Korea Investment & Securities According to the European Banking Authority’s (EBA) report released in Apr, Basel III will lower the Core Tier 1 ratio by 3%p for major banks and by 2%p for small and midsize banks in Europe (as of end-Jun 2011). The reason is Basel III’s capital definition excludes goodwill, intangible assets and deferred tax assets. But Korean banks already exclude the items from the capital category. Korean banks have followed more conservative capital guidelines than global peers, suggesting their capital ratios will be less susceptible than European banks to Basel III 3 Banks implementation. Earlier in Dec 2010, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) conducted a comprehensive quantitative impact study (QIS) to determine the impact of Basel III rules on the banks’ capital adequacy, leverage and liquidity ratios. A total of 263 banks from 23 of the 27 committee member jurisdictions participated in the study. According to the study, the Basel III rules would lower the major banks’ Core Tier 1 ratio by 5.4%p and Tier 1 ratio by 4.2%p on average, while the Korean banks’ decline would be limited to 1%p each. As such, Korean banks’ capital ratios will be virtually unaffected after Basel III is implemented and this fact is widely acknowledged by the market. European bank capital declines in Basel III (as of Jun 2011) Group 1 Goup 2 European bank RWA increases in Basel III (as of Jun 2011) Total Trading book Other Securitisation banking book Excess above 15% DTAs above threshold Group 1 Group 2 CCR MSRs Threshold Financials 50/50 Classified by capital definition DTAs Others Intangibles (%) Total Goodwill -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 -5 (%) 0 5 10 15 20 25 Note: 1) “Others” refer to assets currently in the RWA category but classified as low-risk Note: “Excess above 15%” pertains to significant investments in the common shares of assets and deducted from RWA in Basel III; The negative sign in “other” indicates unconsolidated financial institutions, mortgage servicing rights and DTAs that do not this effect reduces the RWA separately exceed the 10% category thresholds due to timing differences, but in the 2) “50/50” measures the increase in RAW applied to securitization exposures aggregate exceed the 15% basket threshold Source: EBA, Korea Investment & Securities currently deducted in the Basel II framework that are risk-weighted at 1250% in Basel III 3) “Threshold” measures the increase in RWA for exposures that fall below the 10% and 15% limits for CET1 deduction Source: EBA, Korea Investment & Securities QIS in 2010: Impact on Core Tier 1 ratio (%) QIS in 2010: Impact on Tier 1 ratio Pre-Basel III 12 (%) 12 10 10 8 8 6 6 4 4 2 2 0 Post-Basel III 0 Major banks (23 countries avg.) Major banks (Korean Others (23 countries Others (Korean QIS QIS banks) avg.) banks) Note: QIS banks refer those subject to the BCBS’ comprehensive quantitative impact study (QIS) Source: FSS, Korea Investment & Securities Basel III unlikely to result in lower dividend payout ratio 4 Pre-Basel III Post-Basel III Major banks (23 countries avg.) Major banks (Korean Others (23 countries Others (Korean QIS QIS banks) avg.) banks) Note: QIS banks refer those subject to the BCBS’ comprehensive quantitative impact study (QIS) Source: FSS, Korea Investment & Securities In this report, we draw special attention to the impact of the stricter capital requirements on the dividend payout of Korean banks. The dividend payout ratio on Korean bank stocks was the second-lowest in the world after US banks in 2009 and 2010 and after the European counterparts in 2011. That is, except for the two epicenters of the global financial crisis, Korean banks had the lowest divided payout ratio. We believe this is because Korean banks have followed stricter Banks guidelines than global peers due to the dependence of the country’s economy on external markets. In 2011, the KIS Universe banks’ dividend payout ratio averaged 17%, which would fall to 11% if excluding Korea Exchange Bank with an excessively large dividend payout. As such, stricter capital requirements are unlikely to pull down the Korean banks’ dividend payout ratio. Global bank dividend payout ratios (%) 250 Asian bank dividend payout ratios Korea US France Germany UK (%) 140 120 Japan China Hong Kong Indonesia Malaysia Singapore Australia Korea 200 100 150 80 60 100 40 20 50 0 0 -20 -40 -50 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 Source: Bloomberg, Korea Investment & Securities 09 10 11 02 Source: 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 Bloomberg, Korea Investment & Securities One of the capital requirements in Basel III is the introduction of capital buffers to mitigate the pro-cyclicality of banks. There are two types of capital buffers – a capital conservation buffer that requires banks to maintain capital at a certain portion of risk-weighted assets to absorb losses at all times, and a counter-cyclical capital buffer that allows the capital weighting to change according to economic conditions. Economic fluctuations and capital conservation buffer Financial cy cle Capital conserv ation buf f er 7.0% 2.5% 4.5% Time Minimum Core Tier 1 (common equity ) capital requirement - Source: Basel III and Risk Management, Korea Investment & Securities Minimum capital conservation standards based on capital buffer requirement Capital buffer requirement Minimum capital conservation ratio (provisioned capital buffer % of required capital buffer) (% of earnings) <25% 100% 25-52% 80% 50-75% 60% 75-100% 40% >100% 0% Source: Basel III and Risk Management, Korea Investment & Securities 5 Banks After meeting capital requirements, banks can pay out excess capital through dividends; After Basel III guideline was announced for Israeli banks in Mar, the shares soared 7% in a single trading day The purpose of a capital buffer is to prevent banks from making dividend payments if they cannot meet the capital requirements. As of end-2011, the average Tier 1 core capital of domestic banks stood at ~9.7%, which is ~2.5%p higher than the minimum Core Tier 1 of 7% (minimum common equity of 4.5% + capital conservation buffer of 2.5%). Even assuming an additional 2.5% counter-cyclical capital buffer, the banks are still averaging more than the minimum standard. Moreover, as the banks’ capital buffer requirement exceeds 100%, their minimum capital conservation ratio stands at 0%. That is, domestic banks have no obligation to set aside earnings. Does this mean that once capital requirements are fulfilled, banks can pay out excess capital through dividends? In principle, the answer is “yes.” According to the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS), after banks meet their minimum capital requirements, they are free to use excess capital for dividend payments and other purposes. In Mar, the Basel III guideline was released for banks in Israel. The Bank of Israel was quoted as saying, “According to the draft guideline banks can distribute dividends if doing so does not negatively impact their ability to meet the new requirements.” After the announcement, Israeli banks averaged a 7% gain in a single trading day. As for Korea, the Basel III guideline is scheduled to be released in 1H12. Given the current circumstances in Korea, an excess capital dividend distribution is unlikely but we believe regulations on dividend policies will not become stricter than they are at present. Israeli bank shares (2011.05.01=100) Basel lll rules announced 110 100 90 80 70 60 Bank Leumi Le 50 Israel Discount Bank Mizrahi Tef ahot Bank 40 May -11 Bank Hapoalim Aug-11 Nov -11 Feb-12 Source: Bloomberg, Korea Investment & Securities Basel II standards for group-led banks on a consolidated basis would drive up their capital ratios positive effect on dividend payouts 6 Although the full scope of Basel III will become clear after the guideline is released by the Financial Supervisory Service (FSS), we believe individual banks will be subject to Basel III, while the standards for group-led banks using consolidated accounting should be upgraded from Basel I to Basel II. In this case, the consolidated capital ratio of group-led holding companies is very likely to improve. Of note, using the internal ratings-based (IRB) approach after Basel II implementation showed a tendency of risk-weighted assets being reduced. Moreover, the increase in BIS ratio at Kookmin Bank, Hana Bank and Woori Bank during 1Q08-2Q08 was due largely to the IRB approach adopted at the time. Thus, individual banks should see a limited drop in their BIS ratios attributed to Basel III adoption, while the ratios for group-led banks on a consolidated basis should rise and have no negative effect on their dividend payout ratio. Banks BIS ratio improved on Basel II adoption (%) Basel ll implemented 18 16 14 12 KB Woori IBK Daegu 10 8 Shinhan Hana KEB Busan 6 3Q06 2Q07 1Q08 4Q08 3Q09 2Q10 1Q11 4Q11 Source: FISIS, Korea Investment & Securities 7 Banks II. Basel III: Introduction of liquidity ratio 1. Liquidity requirements to change asset/funding composition Domestic banks’ capital ratios already above Basel III standards but liquidity ratios fall short of requirements Liquidity and leverage ratios are the new set of requirements for banks in Basel III. The 2010 QIS results indicate Korean banks will not find it hard to meet the capital and leverage ratio requirements. In contrast, both short-term and mid to long-term liquidity indicators fell short of the 100% standard (liquidity coverage ratio: LCR and net stable funding ratio: NSFR). For NSFR, there is no significant gap between domestic and overseas banks. However, the LCR of domestic banks is much less than the overseas counterparts (75-76% vs. 83-98%). Liquidity ratios (%) 23 countries av g. 120 Domestic QIS banks 93 100 93 103 98 99 83 80 76 75 60 40 20 0 Major banks' LCR Major banks' NSFR Other banks' LCR Other banks' NSFR Source: FSS, Korea Investment & Securities The LCR, a short-term liquidity indicator, is aimed at ensuring banks maintain adequate levels of high-quality liquid assets (numerator) against net cash outflows (denominator) over a 30-day significant stress period. LCR = high-quality liquid assets / total net cash outflow over a 30-day stress period ≥ 100% To improve the net stable funding ratio (NSFR), a mid to long-term liquidity The NSFR, a longer-term liquidity indicator, is designed to give incentives for more stable asset management and funding to encourage banks to provide reliable sources of funds over a one-year time horizon in conditions of extended stress. NSFR = available amount of stable funding / required amount of stable funding ≥ 100% The new sets of liquidity ratio requirements should have a significant effect on the banks’ asset/funding composition. In the past, the critical factors for net interest income (NII) growth were asset growth and spread effect (difference between yields on earning assets and funding costs). With the introduction of Basel III, the changes in asset/funding composition should also become a key factor. 8 Banks Contributors to NII growth (KIS Universe banks, from 2007 to 2011) 30% 35.6% 28.1% Asset/f unding amount Total 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% -5% -10% 0.1% -7.6% Spread ef f ect Asset/f unding composition Source: Company data, Korea Investment & Securities 2. Earning asset management: Attempt to lift high-quality liquid asset weighting Potential changes to earning assets breakdown: Bigger weighting of highquality liquid assets Regulations in Basel III imply banks will attempt to increase the weighting of highquality liquid assets. Korean banks’ LCR remained at 75-76% in 2010 and should march toward 100% by 2015. High-quality liquid assets mean assets that can be easily converted into cash with little loss in value during periods of severe market stress. A good example is cash and government bonds. Bonds issued by central governments or central banks are 100% liquid assets, while highly rated corporate bonds are considered 75% liquid assets. As such, banks are likely to gradually lift the weighting of government bonds going forward. Currently, government bonds account for 3-4% of interest-earning assets at Korean banks. It is interesting that provincial banks in Korea have 11-13% of interest-earning assets in provincial/municipal bonds, which could be a better bet as they are classified as high-quality liquid assets and typically yield ~40bps greater return than government bonds. Classification of high-quality liquid assets Qualifying assets Note Cash, central bank reserves Level 1 assets Level 2 assets - 100% to be multiplied Marketable securities from sovereigns and central banks Marketable securities issued/guaranteed by international against total amount institutions - 85% to be multiplied against total amount (subject to a Qualified corporate bonds or covered bonds 15% haircut) - Can only comprise up to 40% of liquid asset pool Source: FSS, Korea Investment & Securities 9 Banks Net cash outflow: Inflow and run-off rates Assets Cash and cash equivalents Inflow rates 100% Liabilities Retail and SME deposits - Stable deposits (deposit protection + operational relationship) Marketable securities - Marketable government 100% bonds - Qualifying corporate bonds 85% or covered bonds - Stocks and other securities 0% Loans with residual maturities of less than 30 days - Retail loans and lending to 75% (under review) institutions - Other loans and assets 100% (under review) Loans with residual maturities of more than 30 days 0% Run-off rates 5% - Less-stable deposits 10% Deposits from or loans to large companies - Operational relationship 25% - Others 75% Deposits at or debt from financial institutions Collateral loans including repos Collateral loans including repos (Individual and corporate credit commitments) 100% 100% 100% (5%) Source: FSS, Korea Investment & Securities 3. Funding: Banks with early lead in retail and SME deposit markets to be winners Retail and SME deposits with fewer run-off rates to gain importance With the implementation of Basel III, it would be natural to think that retail and SME deposits with fewer run-off rates will become more important in the funding composition. Currently, 67% of Korean bank funding is comprised of KRWdenominated deposits received. The run-off rates designated for retail and SME deposits are low at 5-10%, whereas those for deposits from large companies are much higher at 25-75%. It shows large companies are expected to run off their deposits more easily than retail customers or SMEs in a crisis. As such, banks are likely to put more emphasis on attracting retail and SME deposits and those with a large exposure to the funding should gain the upper hand. Banks’ funding costs could jump in tough competition to attract more deposits. But its effects on overall profitability should be minimal for banks with larger exposure to retail and SME customers as it means less exposure to large company assets with narrower NIS. Banks can take the time to prepare before implementation of the liquidity ratio rule in 2015. 2%p rise in the portion of gov’t bonds and 2%p fall in household loans would trim the sector’s average ROE 0.18%p To assess the effect of asset/funding composition changes on Korean banks’ margins, we assume a 2%p rise in the portion of government bonds (among high quality liquid assets) and a 2%p fall in the household loan weighting. Barring any difference in yields on earnings assets, the erosion of the bank sector’s average ROE would be a mere 0.18%p. 2011 KIS Universe banks’ asset/funding status Interest bearing assets KRW-denominated securities Corporate loans Household loans Credit card receivables/loans FX-denominated interest-earning assets Others Funding KRW-denominated deposits received KRW-denominated CD KRW-denominated debt KRW-denominated bank debentures Foreign currency funding Others Balance 1,046,028 141,169 404,237 327,229 24,623 Gain/cost 57,865 6,169 23,103 18,282 5,365 Yield/cost rate 5.53 4.37 5.72 5.59 21.79 Weighting 100% 13% 39% 31% 2% 104,067 2,315 2.22 10% 45 3 5.89 4% 997,752 665,348 20,257 54,289 136,579 109,269 12 30,515 19,823 802 1,593 6,245 1,579 0 3.06 2.98 3.96 2.93 4.57 1.44 3.94 100% 67% 2% 5% 14% 11% 1% Source: Company data, Korea Investment & Securities 10 (W bn, %) Banks Government bonds and securities weighting at end-2011 by bank Equity Bonds (%) KB Shinhan Hana Woori IBK KEB DGB Busan Avg 6.9 12.1 9.7 10.5 11.8 13.2 5.0 5.0 10.0 85.8 83.6 74.6 82.4 79.8 85.9 87.6 89.8 82.2 Government bonds 30.7 20.0 23.3 32.7 23.3 6.4 23.1 13.1 23.6 Bank debentures 21.7 32.4 31.8 19.1 24.0 62.7 11.9 13.0 28.1 0.3 1.3 - - 0.3 - 13.0 11.2 1.2 30.4 26.7 19.2 24.2 28.5 15.7 39.4 51.7 26.6 2.6 3.3 0.3 6.5 3.7 1.1 0.2 0.8 2.7 7.3 4.3 15.7 7.1 8.5 0.9 7.3 5.2 7.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 13.1 16.3 12.4 13.3 12.9 13.0 20.0 18.8 13.9 3.9 3.2 2.7 4.3 2.8 0.8 4.3 2.6 3.2 4.0 3.4 2.7 4.3 2.9 0.8 6.7 4.9 3.4 Provincial and municipal bonds Corporate bonds Other bonds Others Securities Securities/interest bearing-assets Government bonds/interestearning assets Government, provincial and municipal bonds/interest-earning assets Source: Company data, Korea Investment & Securities Government, provincial, and municipal bond weightings in interest- earning assets Investment securities composition by bank (%) (%) 8 100 90 7 80 70 6 60 5 50 40 4 30 3 20 10 2 0 Financial debentures Corporate bonds Other bonds Source: Company data, Korea Investment & Securities 0 KEB Government bonds 1 Hana Avg. IBK Busan Avg. Daegu Shinhan KEB KB IBK Woori Stocks Provincial/munipicial bonds Others Woori Busan Shinhan Hana Daegu KB Source: Company data, Korea Investment & Securities 11 Banks III. Waiting for FSS’ Basel III guidelines Following the suit of major Asian countries such as Hong Kong, Singapore and India, Korea is expected to release guidelines for Basel III implementation within 1H12. Key issues in the announcement are summarized below. 1. Subject to Basel III: Consolidated vs. stand-alone bank basis At present, holding companies follow Basel I requirements for consolidated accounting and banks follow Basel II. It is unclear if Basel III will be applied for stand-alone banks or consolidated basis for their holding companies as well. In principle, minimum regulatory capital and capital buffers are handled on a consolidated basis; In most overseas cases, Basel III is known to be applied as consolidated. However, each country’s supervisory authority can determine if the Basel III standards should be applied to banks only depending on the nation’s situation. Thus, we expect banks will introduce Basel III and standards for consolidated holding companies will be upgraded to Basel II. Basel II could improve the holding companies’ consolidated shareholders’ equity ratio as the internal rating-based approach of Basel II reduces the size of risk-weighted assets. 2. Adoption of SIFI requirements The bankruptcy of systemically important financial institutions (SIFI) would significantly affect the economy. Thus, they are subject to more strict capital quality supervision. SIFIs that are important at the global economy level are called global SIFI (G-SIFI) and those with national importance are domestic SIFI (D-SIFI). Regardless of whether Korean banks are designated as SIFI, the FSS could apply SIFI-level regulations for banks in general. 3. Adoption of contingent capital system Contingent capital is a bond that is converted to capital if a bank is deemed nonperforming. While contingent capital is debt in ordinary times, it is converted to common shares by force when the conditions (e.g., the financial authority’s judgment) are met. Since creditors must take the compulsory conversion risk, the cost for financial institutions to issue the securities should be high. Conversion of the bonds could also cause stock overhang, which in turn could dilute the existing shareholder value. For capital securities that will be issued on Jan 1, 2013 and onward, contingency capital requirements will be applied. However, it seems unrealistic to apply the system beginning in 2013 as no contingency capital has been issued in Korea. If implementation begins in 2013, banks may issue capital securities in 2012. That in turn could have a negative effect on the banks’ 2012 NIM as the funding rate for capital securities is high. 12 Banks IV. Stock strategy Top picks: BS and DGB Financial Groups Based on Basel III requirements, we came to the following conclusions regarding stock selection. 1. Institutions with a high Core Tier 1 ratio will likely at least maintain or raise their dividend payout. 2. Institutions with a high ratio of high-quality liquid assets (government and provincial/municipal bonds) will less likely see changes in the earning asset and funding composition. 3. Since retail and SME deposits are becoming increasingly important, banks with heavy related weightings are more advantageous. BS and DGB Financial Groups have high ratios of Core Tier 1 and Tier 1 capital. Their dividend payout ratios have been higher than nationwide banks. Since their weightings for government and provincial/municipal bonds are the largest among banks, they will have the fewest changes to the mix of assets under management. We also believe they are better than nationwide banks as they have more provincial/municipal bonds than government bonds. This is an advantage because yields on provincial/municipal bonds are 40-50bp more than government bonds but are equally recognized. The two groups already have suitable customer bases for the introduction of Basel III as they mainly serve SMEs and retail customers rather than large corporations. Such characteristics should be highlighted once the new requirements are implemented. Korean banks’ dividend payout (%) Nationwide banks 40 Prov incial banks 35 30 25 20 15 10 Nationwide banks ex-Korea Exchange Bank 5 0 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12F Note: Korea Exchange Bank (KEB)’s dividend payout ratio was much higher than others with Lone Star as its controlling shareholder; As it has been acquired by Hana Financial Group, KEB’s dividend payout ratio should fall to a level similar to other nationwide banks Source: DART, Korea Investment & Securities 13 This page is left blank intentionally Company BS Financial Group (138930) .......................................................................................................................................... 16 DGB Financial Group (139130) ..................................................................................................................................... 18 Banks BS Financial Group (138930) BUY (Maintain) / TP: W19,000 (Maintain) Yr to • Stock price (3 May, KRW) 11,900 • Market cap (USD mn) 2,009 • P-I capital (USD mn) 825 • 52W High/Low (KRW) 16,800/10,300 • 6M avg. daily turnover (USD mn) • Foreign ownership (%) 8.4 58.9 Total rev. PPOP (W bn) (W bn) 2010A 994 588 476 366 2011A 1,181 692 533 2012F 1,216 704 530 2013F 1,316 778 2014F 1,401 845 Dec EBT NP BPS PER PBR ROA (won) (x) (x) (%) (%) 1,960 35.7 13,167 6.1 0.9 1.1 16.0 400 2,144 9.4 15,829 5.5 0.8 1.1 14.8 413 2,215 3.3 17,968 5.4 0.7 1.0 13.1 591 461 2,471 11.6 20,363 4.8 0.6 1.1 12.9 646 504 2,697 9.1 22,885 4.4 0.5 1.1 12.5 (W bn) (W bn) EPS % chg. (won) (YoY) ROE BSFG’s key strategies Performance 1M Absolute (%) Rel. to Kospi (%p) 6M 12M (10.9) 1.7 (24.0) (8.2) (5.0) (14.6) 12MF PBR trend 1.2 (X) 1.0 (Won) 18,000 12MF PBR (LHS) 16,000 BS Financial Group (RHS) 14,000 12,000 0.8 10,000 0.6 8,000 6,000 0.4 4,000 0.2 0.0 Jun-07 2,000 0 Jun-08 Jun-09 Jun-10 Jun-11 Maintain BUY with TP W19,000: We maintain BUY on BS Financial Group (BSFG) and TP of W19,000 at 12MF BP 1.1x (sustainable ROE 13.0%, perpetual growth 1% and CoE 11.5%). The sustainable ROE is the 2012-2013F average. Strategies for NII growth – Focus on growth first and then corporate loans rather than household: Among the KIS Universe banks, Industrial Bank of Korea (IBK) and Busan Bank posted the biggest net interest income (NII) growth from 2007 to 2011. Although the banks saw the spread narrow, their strong asset growth drove up income. This shows that beefing up assets was more effective in lifting NII than adjusting the spread via higher yields on earning assets and lower funding costs. BSFG has more room to grow assets backed by the regional economy, which we believe justifies its valuation premium over peers. Another positive is the bank positioning itself toward corporate loans rather than household, which will come under tighter regulations going forward. Strategies for subsidiaries – Synergy with savings banks: BSFG aims to expand its subsidiaries that can tap Busan Bank’s biggest forté – regional-oriented operations – rather than acquire non-life insurers that have a different risk/return profile. Since the suspension of several troubled savings banks in Jan 2011, business at domestic savings banks has dampened significantly. Moreover, the savings banks’ net interest spread (NIS) has reached 11%p recently compared to the commercial banks’ 2%p. This provides a good opportunity for BSFG to expand its deposits base as the deposit rate between commercial banks and savings banks is near its narrowest. We believe this strategy will prove profitable as long as asset quality is tightly controlled. High dividend payout ratio is another strong point: BSFG’s dividend payout ratio stood at 16.3% in 2011, the second-most after Korea Exchange Bank (KEB). Even with the implementation of Basel III, BSFG should have no trouble maintaining a high dividend payout ratio thanks to a strong capital adequacy ratio. Joanne Lee 822-3276-5956 [email protected] 16 Banks Balance sheet FY-ending Dec. (W bn) 2010A 2011A 2012F 2013F 2014F Cash & equivalents 2,005 2,596 2,493 2,395 2,301 Investment securities 6,231 7,340 7,638 7,948 8,270 Loans Tangible assets Intangible assets Other assets 22,079 26,071 28,164 30,247 32,485 Income statement FY-ending Dec. Total revenue Net interest income (W bn) 2010A 2011A 2012F 2013F 2014F 994 1,181 1,216 1,316 1,401 905 1,025 1,095 1,189 1,268 82 97 100 106 111 7 60 20 22 23 Net commission income 390 413 413 413 413 20 24 24 24 24 Loan loss provisioning 154 145 160 171 184 4,001 2,916 2,688 2,477 2,283 Other non-interest income Net operating revenue 840 1,036 1,057 1,145 1,217 Total assets 34,726 39,359 41,420 43,504 45,776 SG&A 406 489 512 539 557 Deposits 21,490 24,991 27,371 30,036 32,961 PPOP 588 692 704 778 845 Operating profit 434 547 545 606 660 42 (28) (15) (15) (15) EBT 476 533 530 591 646 Tax 110 132 117 130 142 Net profit (Consolidated) 366 400 413 461 504 366 400 413 461 504 Other comprehensive profit 0 (22) 80 80 80 Total comprehensive profit 0 57 493 541 584 Comprehen. profit of controlling interest 0 87 493 541 584 One-off items (43) (48) 0 0 0 354 430 413 461 504 Borrowings 3,743 4,638 4,455 4,280 4,111 Debentures 2,636 3,618 3,475 3,339 3,207 Other liabilities 4,400 3,156 2,764 2,048 1,225 Total liabilities Controlling interests 32,268 36,404 38,066 39,703 41,503 Non-operating profit 2,458 2,955 3,354 3,801 4,272 Paid-in-capital 933 967 967 967 967 Capital surplus 0 46 46 46 46 Capital adjustments 0 (2) (2) (2) (2) 65 36 115 194 2,987 1,460 1,907 2,227 2,595 274 0 0 0 0 0 2,458 2,955 3,354 3,801 4,272 Adj. consolidated net profit (W bn) Valuation 2010A 2011A 2012F 2013F 2014F FY-ending Dec. Retained earnings OCI Minority interests Total shareholders’ equity Key financial data FY-ending Dec. Profitability (%) Net profit of controlling interest 2010A 2011A 2012F 2013F 2014F 2,215 2,471 2,697 Per-share (KRW) NIM 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 EPS ROE 16.0 14.8 13.1 12.9 12.5 BPS Adj. ROE 15.5 15.9 13.1 12.9 12.5 DPS 140 350 500 500 600 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 EPS growth (%) 35.7 9.4 3.3 11.6 9.1 BPS growth (%) 16.0 20.2 13.5 13.3 12.4 ROA Adj. ROA 1,960 2,144 13,167 15,829 17,968 20,363 22,885 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 Cost-to-income ratio 40.8 41.4 42.1 40.9 46.3 Valuation Loan-to-deposit ratio 99.0 97.3 96.0 94.0 92.0 PER (x) 6.1 5.5 5.4 4.8 4.4 PBR (x) 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 1.1 1.0 1.6 2.2 0.6 Dividend yield (%) 1.2 2.9 4.2 4.2 4.6 NPL coverage ratio 143.7 160.6 164.7 162.2 159.5 Dividend payout ratio (%) 7.1 16.3 22.0 22.0 22.0 New NPL formation 1.8 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 DuPont analysis (%) Credit cost ratio 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 Net interest income 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.8 Non interest income 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 Asset quality (%) NPL ratio Growth (%) Net interest income 3.1 13.2 6.9 8.6 6.6 SG&A 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 PPOP 23.0 17.6 1.8 10.4 8.6 Credit cost ratio 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Net profit 35.7 9.4 3.3 11.6 9.1 ROAA 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 Deposit growth 16.1 16.3 9.5 9.7 9.7 Leverage 14.2 13.7 12.8 11.9 11.1 KRW-denominated loan growth 12.2 16.1 8.0 7.4 7.4 ROAE 16.0 14.8 13.1 12.9 12.5 Note: K-IFRS (consolidated) 17 Banks DGB Financial Group (139130) BUY (Maintain) / TP: 21,000 (Maintain) Yr to • Stock price (Apr 5, KRW) 14,000 • Market cap (USD mn) 639 • P-I capital (USD mn) 584 • 52W High/Low (KRW) 17,250/11,500 • 6M avg. daily turnover (USD mn) • Foreign ownership (%) 3.5 73.4 Dec Total rev. PPOP EBT NP (W bn) (W bn) (W bn) (W bn) BPS PER PBR ROA (won) EPS % chg. (YoY) (won) (x) (x) (%) ROE (%) 2010A 962 564 300 227 1,721 33.4 15,234 8.1 0.9 0.9 12.0 2011A 1,013 546 415 306 2,314 34.5 17,343 6.0 0.8 1.0 14.2 2012F 1,068 649 440 343 2,595 12.1 19,528 5.4 0.7 1.1 14.1 2013F 1,153 726 443 346 2,616 0.8 21,633 5.4 0.6 1.1 12.7 2014F 1,226 777 480 374 2,833 8.3 23,956 4.9 0.6 1.1 12.4 Ready for Basel III implementation Performance 1M 6M 12M Absolute (%) (7.3) 3.7 (19.7) Rel. to Kospi (%p) (4.6) (3.0) (12.7) 12MF PBR trend 1.0 (x) (Won) 18,000 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 16,000 14,000 12MF PBR (LHS) 12,000 DGB Financial Group(RHS) 10,000 0.5 8,000 0.4 6,000 0.3 4,000 0.2 2,000 0.1 0.0 Jun-07 0 Jun-08 Jun-09 Jun-10 Jun-11 Maintain BUY and TP W21,000: We maintain BUY on DGB Financial Group (DGBFG) and TP of W21,000 at 12MF BP 1.1x (sustainable ROE 13.5%, perpetual growth 1% and CoE 11.5%). The sustainable ROE is the 2012-2013F average. Sustainable growth model: DGBFG’s 12MF PB valuation is the sector’s highest. We believe the premium is justified and sustainable. In 1Q12, DGBFG’s KRWdenominated loans grew 1.8% QoQ, led by large corporate (+12.2% QoQ) and SME (+3.1% QoQ), while household loans shrank 2.6% QoQ. Overall, all the banks that have released 1Q12 results have reported poor household loan trends. We forecast household loans growth will be limited as banks must increase the weighting of fixed-rate loans to 30% or more (currently less than 10%) by 2016. We believe DGBFG is favorably positioned for loan growth as SME loans account for 70% of total lending. Unfazed by Basel III: Government and provincial/municipal bonds account for ~6.7% of DGBFG’s interest-earning assets, which is double the sector average of 3.4%. This clearly shows DGBFG is maintaining a conservative asset management portfolio. As such, we believe the bank should be in the most favorable position to deal with the changes in asset/funding compositions attributed to the implementation of a liquidity coverage ratio (LCR). Moreover, given that about 70% of DGBFG’s lending assets are in the form of SME loans, the bank is well prepared for the LCR standard should the weighting of retail and SME deposits climb to high levels. Also, management disclosed that Daegu Bank’s LCR as of end-2011 was ~125%, above the minimum requirement equal to or greater than 100% based on Basel III. As DGBFG has kept its operations conservative and stable, it should be able to deliver sustainable growth even after Basel III is implemented. Joanne Lee 822-3276-5956 [email protected] 18 Banks Balance sheet FY-ending Dec. (W bn) 2010A 2011A 2012F 2013F 2014F Cash & equivalents 1,801 1,428 1,371 1,317 1,265 Investment securities 5,725 6,214 6,467 6,729 7,002 Loans Tangible assets Intangible assets Other assets 19,480 21,898 23,472 25,158 26,966 Income statement FY-ending Dec. Total revenue Net interest income (W bn) 2010A 2011A 2012F 2013F 2014F 962 1,013 1,068 1,153 1,226 867 949 994 1,078 1,148 Net commission income 62 69 66 67 69 Other non-interest income 34 (5) 8 8 8 400 299 299 299 299 48 80 80 80 80 Loan loss provisioning 264 135 209 283 298 2,630 (70) (71) (72) (73) Net operating revenue 698 878 859 870 928 Total assets 30,084 33,535 31,618 33,513 35,541 SG&A 398 467 419 427 448 Deposits 19,095 21,943 23,566 25,310 27,182 PPOP 564 546 649 726 777 Operating profit 300 411 440 443 480 (0) (4) 0 0 0 EBT 300 415 440 443 480 Tax 72 109 97 97 106 227 306 343 346 374 227 306 343 346 374 Borrowings 3,676 3,329 3,198 3,072 2,951 Debentures 2,535 2,207 2,120 2,036 1,956 Other liabilities 2,766 1,524 154 237 287 Total liabilities Controlling interests 28,071 29,003 29,038 30,654 32,376 2,013 2,291 2,580 2,858 3,165 Paid-in-capital 661 670 670 670 670 Capital surplus 12 1,424 1,424 1,424 1,424 0 (0) (0) (0) (0) Capital adjustments Retained earnings OCI Minority interests Total shareholders’ equity Net profit (Consolidated) Net profit of controlling interest Other comprehensive profit 0 2 12 12 12 Total comprehensive profit 0 (46) 355 358 386 Comprehen. profit of controlling interest 0 (46) 355 358 386 One-off items (63) (41) 0 0 0 273 342 343 346 374 41 23 35 47 1,013 1,299 175 451 718 59 0 0 0 0 0 2,013 2,291 2,580 2,858 3,165 Adj. consolidated net profit (W bn) Valuation 2010A 2011A 2012F 2013F 2014F FY-ending Dec. Key financial data FY-ending Dec. Non-operating profit Profitability (%) 2010A 2011A 2012F 2013F 2014F 2,595 2,616 2,833 Per-share (KRW) NIM 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 EPS ROE 12.0 14.2 14.1 12.7 12.4 BPS Adj. ROE 14.4 15.9 14.1 12.7 12.4 DPS 140 350 500 600 600 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 EPS growth (%) 33.4 34.5 12.1 0.8 8.3 BPS growth (%) 13.5 13.8 12.6 10.8 10.7 ROA Adj. ROA 1,721 2,314 15,234 17,343 19,528 21,633 23,956 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 Cost-to-income ratio 41.4 46.1 39.3 37.0 37.5 Valuation Loan-to-deposit ratio 103.6 96.8 96.6 96.4 96.2 PER (x) 8.1 6.0 5.4 5.4 4.9 PBR (x) 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 1.4 1.1 1.0 1.3 0.7 Dividend yield (%) 1.0 2.5 3.6 4.3 4.6 NPL coverage ratio 115.6 154.7 154.6 160.6 147.1 Dividend payout ratio (%) 8.1 15.1 20.0 22.0 22.0 New NPL formation 2.2 0.8 1.3 1.3 1.1 DuPont analysis (%) Credit cost ratio 1.3 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.5 Net interest income 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.3 Non interest income 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Asset quality (%) NPL ratio Growth (%) Net interest income 9.6 9.5 4.7 8.5 6.5 SG&A 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.3 PPOP 41.9 (3.3) 18.8 12.0 7.0 Credit cost ratio 0.9 0.4 0.6 0.9 0.9 Net profit 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 33.4 34.4 12.2 0.8 8.3 ROAA Deposit growth 8.2 14.9 7.4 7.4 7.4 Leverage 15.3 14.8 13.4 12.0 11.5 KRW-denominated loan growth 5.3 11.0 7.2 7.2 7.2 ROAE 12.0 14.2 14.1 12.7 12.4 Note: K-IFRS (consolidated) 19 Banks Changes to recommendation and price target Company (Code) BS Financial Group Inc. (138930) Date Recommendation Price target 03-29-11 NM W0 03-30-11 BUY W20,000 08-24-11 NM W0 BS Financial Group Inc.(138930) Company (Code) DGB Financial Group (139130) Date Recommendation Price target 10-19-11 BUY W19,000 10-19-11 BUY W21,000 DGB Financial Group(139130) 25,000 25,000 20,000 20,000 15,000 15,000 10,000 10,000 5,000 5,000 0 0 May-10 20 Sep-10 Jan-11 May-11 Sep-11 Jan-12 May-12 May-10 Sep-10 Jan-11 May-11 Sep-11 Jan-12 May-12 ■ Guide to Korea Investment & Securities Co., Ltd. stock ratings based on absolute 12-month forward share price performance BUY: Expected to give a return of +15% or more Hold: Expected to give a return between -15% and +15% Underweight: Expected to give a return of -15% or less ■ Guide to Korea Investment & Securities Co., Ltd. sector ratings for the next 12 months Overweight: Recommend increasing the sector’s weighting in the portfolio compared to its respective weighting in the Kospi (Kosdaq) based on market capitalization. Neutral: Recommend maintaining the sector’s weighting in the portfolio in line with its respective weighting in the Kospi (Kosdaq) based on market capitalization. Underweight: Recommend reducing the sector’s weighting in the portfolio compared to its respective weighting in the Kospi (Kosdaq) based on market capitalization. ■ Analyst Certification I/We, as the research analyst/analysts who prepared this report, do hereby certify that the views expressed in this research report accurately reflect my/our personal views about the subject securities and issuers discussed in this report. I/We do hereby also certify that no part of my/our compensation was, is, or will be directly or indirectly related to the specific recommendations or views contained in this research report. ■ Important Disclosures As of the end of the month immediately preceding the date of publication of the research report or the public appearance (or the end of the second most recent month if the publication date is less than 10 calendar days after the end of the most recent month), Korea Investment & Securities Co., Ltd., or its affiliates does not own 1% or more of any class of common equity securities of the companies mentioned in this report. There is no actual, material conflict of interest of the research analyst or Korea Investment & Securities Co., Ltd., or its affiliates known at the time of publication of the research report or at the time of the public appearance. Korea Investment & Securities Co., Ltd., or its affiliates has not managed or co-managed a public offering of securities for the companies mentioned in this report in the past 12 months; Korea Investment & Securities Co., Ltd., or its affiliates has not received compensation for investment banking services from the companies mentioned in this report in the past 12 months; Korea Investment & Securities Co., Ltd., or its affiliates does not expect to receive or intends to seek compensation for investment banking services from the companies mentioned in this report in the next 3 months. Korea Investment & Securities Co., Ltd., or its affiliates was not making a market in securities of the companies mentioned in this report at the time that the research report was published. Korea Investment & Securities Co., Ltd. does not own over 1% of BS Financial Group Inc.,DGB Financial Group shares as of May 4, 2012. Korea Investment & Securities Co., Ltd. has not provided this report to various third parties. Neither the analysts covering these companies nor their associates own any shares of as of May 4, 2012. Prepared by: Joanne Lee This report was written by Korea Investment & Securities Co., Ltd. to help its clients invest in securities. This material is copyrighted and may not be copied, redistributed, forwarded or altered in any way without the consent of Korea Investment & Securities Co., Ltd. This report has been prepared by Korea Investment & Securities Co., Ltd. and is provided for information purposes only. Under no circumstances is it to be used or considered as an offer to sell, or a solicitation of any offer to buy. We make no representation as to its accuracy or completeness and it should not be relied upon as such. The company accepts no liability whatsoever for any direct or consequential loss arising from any use of this report or its contents. The final investment decision is based on the client’s judgment, and this report cannot be used as evidence in any legal dispute related to investment decisions. HEAD OFFICE CHUN SOO LIM, Executive Vice President, Head of Global Institutional Group ([email protected] +822 3276 5800) PAUL CHUNG, Sales Trading ([email protected] +822 3276 5843) 27-1 Yoido-dong, Youngdeungpo-ku, Seoul 150-745, Korea Toll free: US 1 866 258 2552 HK 800 964 464 SG 800 8211 320 Fax: 822 3276 5681~3 Telex: K2296 NEW YORK DONG KIM, Managing Director ([email protected] +1 212 314 0681) ELAINE LIM, Head of Sales ([email protected] +1 212 314 0686) JU KIM, Sales ([email protected] +1 212 314 0683) Korea Investment & Securities America, Inc. 1350 Avenue of the Americas, Suite 1110 New York, NY 10019 Fax: 1 201 592 1409 HONG KONG DANIEL KIM, Managing Director, Head of HK Sales ([email protected] +852 2530 8950) SANGME LEE, Merchandising Director ([email protected] +852 2530 8910) DAN SONG, Sales ([email protected], +822-3276-5621) JUN HWAN KIM, Sales ([email protected], +852-2530-8912) Korea Investment & Securities Asia, Ltd. Suite 2201-2, Jardine House 1 Connaught Place, Central, Hong Kong Fax: 852-2530-1516 SINGAPORE SUNG NAMGOONG, Managing Director, Head of Singapore Sales ([email protected] +65 6501 5601) ALEX JUN, Sales ([email protected] +65 6501 5602) Korea Investment & Securities Singapore Pte Ltd 1 Raffles Place, #43-04, One Raffles Place Singapore 048616 Fax: 65 6501 5617 LONDON JJ MOON, Managing Director ([email protected] +44 207 065 2765) MINGOO KANG, Sales ([email protected], +44 207 065 2760) Korea Investment & Securities Europe, Ltd. 2nd Floor, 35-39 Moorgate London EC2R 6AR Fax: 44-207-236-4811 Telex: 8812237 This report has been prepared by Korea Investment & Securities Co., Ltd. and is provided for information purposes only. Under no circumstances is it to be used or considered as an offer to sell, or a solicitation of any offer to buy. While all reasonable care has been taken to ensure that the information contained herein is not untrue or misleading at the time of publication, we make no representation as to its accuracy or completeness and it should not be relied upon as such. This report is provided solely for the information of professional investors who are expected to make their own investment decisions without undue reliance on this report and the company accepts no liability whatsoever for any direct or consequential loss arising from any use of this report or its contents. This report is not intended for the use of private investors. 2012. All rights reserved. No part of this report may be reproduced or distributed in any manner without permission of Korea Investment & Securities Co.,Ltd.