IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet 20140821a.pdf
Transcription
IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet 20140821a.pdf
20140821a.pdf IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Cover Sheet Trial: 2014 WA Researcher(s) Gary Chastagner Washington State University Affiliation: Pullayup WA PhoneNumber: (253) 445-4528 [email protected] Email: ProjectTitle: Protocol #: PR# 31946 32042 31947 32041 31948 31949 31950 31951 31952 Botrytis Efficacy 14-001 Research Target Crop/Plant Product EPA Reg. # Production Site Botrytis tulipae Tulip BAS703 01F Botrytis tulipae Tulipa sp. Fluxapyrosad + pyraclostrobi BASF - Botrytis tulipae Tulip Chipco 26019 N/G 432-889 Botrytis tulipae Tulipa sp. Iprodione Bayer Status Field In-Ground C Field In-Ground C Field In-Ground C Botrytis tulipae Tulip F9110 - Botrytis tulipae Tulipa sp. F9110 FMC Botrytis tulipae Botrytis tulipae Tulip Tulipa sp. Pageant 38WG Boscalid + Pyraclostrobin 7969-251 BASF Field In-Ground C Field In-Ground C Botrytis tulipae Tulip Proud 3 - Botrytis tulipae Tulipa sp. Thyme oil (5.6%) Biohumanetics Botrytis tulipae Botrytis tulipae Tulip Tulipa sp. S2200 4SC Mandestrobin Valent Field In-Ground C Field In-Ground C Field In-Ground C Field In-Ground C Botrytis tulipae Tulip SP2770 10WP - Botrytis tulipae Tulipa sp. SP2770 SePro Botrytis tulipae Tulip SP2773 - Botrytis tulipae Tulipa sp. SP2773 SePro Botrytis tulipae Botrytis tulipae Tulip Tulipa sp. Torque 3.6SC Tebuconazole 1001-87 Cleary Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Form Researcher: Project Title: Protocol #: Gary Chastagner and Annie DeBauw Date: 8/7/2014 T-114; IR-4 Efficacy of Foliar Fungicides to Control Botrytis on “Dynasty” Tulips 14-001 PRnumbers: 31946, 32042, 31947, 32014, 31948, 31949, 31950, 31951, 31952 Narrative Summary (Results/Discussion) A total of 9 products were evaluated in two trials for their effectiveness in controlling Botrytis tulipae on field-grown “Dynasty” tulips. Trial 1 included 7 products and trial 2, which will be referred to as the SePRO trial included 2 SePRO products. Non-sprayed plants served as checks in both trials. Disease pressure progressed steadily in all test cells during these trials. By the end of the 120-day test, the average severity rating of the non-sprayed checks was 8.0. The ratings of all the treatments in trial 1 ranged from 1.3 to 8.8. The average severity rating for the SePRO treatments in trial 2 ranged from 5.3 to 9.3. No phytotoxicity was observed in these trials. The ANOVA analysis of data from trial 1 indicated that treatments had a highly significant (P<0.001) effect on disease severity, the percent of blighted flowers, the height of flowers, and the weight of harvested bulbs. All treatments except Proud 3 had severity ratings and percent blighted flowers that were significantly less than the checks (Table 1). Pageant 38WG and BAS 703 01F were the most effective materials in reducing disease development. Two biofungicides were included in this trial. Although Proud 3 was ineffective, applications of F9110 did significantly reduce disease development of the foliage and flowers. BAS 703 01F and Pageant 38WG treated plants also had significantly more flowers that were greater than 13” tall (Table 2) and yielded more bulbs greater than 12cm than the non-treated checks (Table 3). The ANOVA analysis of data from trial 2 indicated that treatments had a highly significant (P<0.001) effect on disease severity, the percent of blighted flowers, the height of flowers, and the weight of harvested bulbs. Both rates of SP2773 had significantly lower severity ratings than the non-treated check (Table 4). The high rate of SP2773 had significantly less blighted flowers and more flowers greater than 13” tall than the non-treated check (Table 4 & 5). The high rate of SP2773 also yielded significantly more bulbs that were 10-12 cm than the non-treated check (Table 6). Plants sprayed with SP2770 had very high disease ratings and produced significantly fewer 10-12 cm bulbs than the non-treated check (Table 6). The data from these trials indicate that several of the fungicides tested have the potential to provide effective control of Botrytis on tulips. This includes the biofungicide F9110, which showed promise in reducing disease development on the foliage and flowers even under relatively high disease pressure. Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Form Researcher: Project Title: Protocol #: Gary Chastagner and Annie DeBauw Date: 8/7/2014 T-114; IR-4 Efficacy of Foliar Fungicides to Control Botrytis on “Dynasty” Tulips 14-001 PRnumbers: 31946, 32042, 31947, 32014, 31948, 31949, 31950, 31951, 31952 Field Layout Results Table Table 1. Effect of foliar fungicides applications on the percent of blighted flowers on April 30, 2014 (Day 62) and the severity of Botrytis on “Dynasty” tulip foliage on May 12, 2014 (Day 74). % Blighted PRnumbers Prod/100 gal/A Flowers 4 31948 100.0a Proud 3 4 qts 1 100.0a Check 3 31947 30.2cd F9110 24 fl oz 12 32042 59.4b Chipco 26019 N/G 16 oz 5 31949 72.0b S2200 7.5 fl oz 9 31952 56.6bc Torque 3.6SC 8 fl oz 11 32041 20.1d Pageant 38WG 14 oz 2 31946 19.2d BAS 703 01F 8 oz 1 Numbers in columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different, P<0.05, Tukey’s Range (HSD) Test. V-10135 was initially included in the protocol but was withdrawn from the trial. TRT TRT/PRODUCT Severity 8.8a 8.0a 3.3b 3.3b 2.8bc 2.8bc 1.5c 1.3c Studentized Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Form Researcher: Project Title: Protocol #: Gary Chastagner and Annie DeBauw Date: 8/7/2014 T-114; IR-4 Efficacy of Foliar Fungicides to Control Botrytis on “Dynasty” Tulips 14-001 PRnumbers: 31946, 32042, 31947, 32014, 31948, 31949, 31950, 31951, 31952 Table 2. Effect of foliar fungicides on flower height on April 10, 20141 (Day 42). Flower Heights < 10” TRT TRT/PRODUCT PRnumbers Prod/100 gal/A 10-13” >13” Total 2 31946 2.0b 11.8a 21.0a 34.8ab BAS 703 01F 8 oz 11 32041 6.3ab 17.8ab 33.3ab Pageant 38WG 14 oz 9.3a 5 S2200 31949 7.5 fl oz 5.3ab 15.0a 15.0abc 35.3ab 9 31952 8.8ab 13.8a 14.0abc 36.5a Torque 3.6SC 8 fl oz 12 32042 5.5ab 15.8a 13.3abc 34.5ab Chipco 26019 N/G 16 oz 3 F9110 31947 24 fl oz 10.8ab 15.5a 6.0abc 32.3ab 4 31948 11.5ab 16.5a 2.0bc 30.0ab Proud 3 4 qts 1 16.0a 11.5a 1.0c 28.5b Check 1 Numbers in columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different, P<0.05, Tukey’s Studentized Range (HSD) Test. Table 3. Effect of fungicide applications on the weight of harvested bulbs on June 27, 20141 (Day 120). Wt (g) of Bulbs TRT TRT/PRODUCT PRnumbers Prod/100 gal/A < 8 cm 8-10 cm 10-12 cm >12 cm Total 2 31946 225.6a 95.2ab 314.1ab 416.0a 1050.9a BAS 703 01F 8 oz 11 32041 206.6a 91.7b 166.7ab 314.6ab 779.6ab Pageant 38WG 14 oz 3 F9110 31947 24 fl oz 241.6a 110.9ab 271.1ab 163.6abc 787.2ab 5 31949 238.8a 126.4ab 343.1a 156.4abc 864.6ab S2200 7.5 fl oz 9 31952 223.9a 204.5a 238.6ab 151.3bc 818.3ab Torque 3.6SC 8 fl oz 12 Chipco 26019 N/G 32042 16 oz 216.2a 114.3ab 289.8ab 136.3bc 756.6ab 4 31948 183.8a 134.7ab 110.2b 0.0c 428.7b Proud 3 4 qts 1 200.7a 125.1ab 124.5ab 0.0c 450.3b Check 1 Numbers in columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different, P<0.05, Tukey’s Studentized Range (HSD) Test. Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Form Researcher: Project Title: Protocol #: Gary Chastagner and Annie DeBauw Date: 8/7/2014 T-114; IR-4 Efficacy of Foliar Fungicides to Control Botrytis on “Dynasty” Tulips 14-001 PRnumbers: 31946, 32042, 31947, 32014, 31948, 31949, 31950, 31951, 31952 Table 4. Effect of SePRO fungicide applications on the number of blighted flowers on April 30, 2014 (day 62) and the severity of Botrytis on “Dynasty” tulip foliage on May 12, 20141 (Day 74). % Blighted TRT TRT/PRODUCT PRnumbers Prod/100 gal/A Flowers Severity 6 31950 100.0a 9.8a SP2770 2.66 lb 1 Check 100.0a 8.0a 7 31951 99.1ab 6.0bc SP2773 1.66 lb 8 31951 93.4b 5.3c SP2773 3.313 lb 1 Numbers in columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different, P<0.05, Tukey’s Studentized Range (HSD) Test. Table 5. Effect of SePRO foliar fungicides on flower Height on April 10, 20141 (Day 42). Flower Heights < 10” TRT TRT/PRODUCT PRnumbers Prod/100 gal/A 10-13” > 13” Total 8 31951 6.8b 17.0ab 9.0a 32.8a SP2773 3.313 lb 7 31951 12.0b 18.0a 1.8ab 31.8a SP2773 1.66 lb 1 16.0ab 11.5ab 1.0ab 28.5a Check 6 31950 24.0a 7.0b 0.0b 31.0a SP2770 2.66 lb 1 Numbers in columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different, P<0.05, Tukey’s Studentized Range (HSD) Test. Table 6. Effect of SePRO fungicide applications on the weight of harvested bulbs on June 27, 20141 (Day 120). Wt (g) of Bulbs TRT TRT/PRODUCT PRnumbers Prod/100 gal/A < 8 cm 8-10 cm 10-12 cm >12 cm Total 8 31951 219.8a 198.3a 220.6a 20.2a 658.9a SP2773 3.313 lb 7 31951 220.5a 156.2a 175.1ab 7.3a 559.0ab SP2773 1.66 lb 1 200.7a 125.1a 124.5b 0.0a 450.3bc Check 6 31950 229.2a 124.0a 22.7c 0.0a 375.9c SP2770 2.66 lb 1 Numbers in columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different, P<0.05, Tukey’s Studentized Range (HSD) Test. Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Form Researcher: Project Title: Protocol #: Gary Chastagner and Annie DeBauw Date: 8/7/2014 T-114; IR-4 Efficacy of Foliar Fungicides to Control Botrytis on “Dynasty” Tulips 14-001 PRnumbers: 31946, 32042, 31947, 32014, 31948, 31949, 31950, 31951, 31952 Experiment Information Experimental Design: Number of Reps: Randomized Complete Block 4 Materials & Methods/Recordkeeping Please fill out the information below or attach a separate document with comparable information. Bulbs used in this trial were planted on October 4, 2013 in an area that has been planted with tulip bulbs for the past three seasons. Field design consisted of 5 rows spaced on 40” centers. Each row contained 10 3-foot-long planting cells with 3 feet between the planted cells. Prior to planting, all cells were fertilized by incorporating Plantacoat 14-14-14 fertilizer @ 438 lbs. per acre in an 8 to 12-inch wide band just below the soil surface within the rows where the bulbs were to be planted. After placing 35 bulbs in each planting cell, bulbs were treated with an in-furrow 18” wide band of Terraclor 75WP at 3 lbs/1000 ft of row prior to hilling to control soil-borne diseases. On December 9, 2013, the plot was inoculated with previous season tulip foliage that was dried, finely chopped, and evenly spread over the hills. Initial emergence of plants was observed the first week of February 2014. On February 19, 2014, cells were assigned to blocks based on the incidence of disease already present. Disease incidence was rated on a scale of 0 to 10 where 0 = none, 1 = 1-10%, 2 = 11-20%,….., and 10 = 91-100% of plant foliage were diseased. Initial incidence ratings ranged from 0-2. All Treatments were applied on 1 and 2-week intervals starting on February 27, 2014. SePRO products were initially applied on February 27th, but there was a 3-week interval before the second applications were applied. Disease was visually monitored and severity was rated on a scale of 0 to 10 where 0 = none, 1 = 1-10%, 2 = 11-20%, ….., and 10 = 91-100% of the foliage was killed. Disease severity ratings were taken on days 32, 46, 62, and 74. Flower heights were collected on April 10, 2014 (Day 42) and the number of blighted flowers was assessed on April 30, 2014 (Day 62). Blighted flowers were based on the number of flowers per cell where the disease had spread into the stem. Flower height was a measurement of the length of the flower stem from soil line to base of flower. Tulip bulbs were harvested on June 25, 2014 and sorted and weighted on June 27, 2014 (Day 120). Lesions on foliage Blighted flowers Lesion growing down flower Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Form Researcher: Project Title: Protocol #: Gary Chastagner and Annie DeBauw Date: 8/7/2014 T-114; IR-4 Efficacy of Foliar Fungicides to Control Botrytis on “Dynasty” Tulips 14-001 PRnumbers: 31946, 32042, 31947, 32014, 31948, 31949, 31950, 31951, 31952 Name(s) of Personnel Conducting Research: Gary Chastagner and Annie DeBauw Location of Trial (city/state): WSU Puyallup Research and Extension Center Use Site (greenhouse/shadehouse/field container/etc): Field Sorted Bulbs on June 27, 2014 Crop History Crop Cultivar/Variety: Date of Seeding: Date of Emergence: Bed size: Row spacing Seeding density: Harvest Date: “Dynasty” Tulips October 4, 2013 February 3, 2014 960 ft2 40” centers 35 bulbs/3 ft cells June 25, 2014 Product(s) applied prior to start of experiment: Product Rate Application Type Plantacoat 14-14-14 438 lbs/acre In-furrow Terraclor 75WP 3 lbs/1000 ft of In-furrow row Surflan + Buccaneer 0.5 fl oz + 0.6 fl oz Broadcast Ranger Pro 2.33 oz/gal Spot Spray Date of Application 10/3/2013 10/4/2013 Crop Growth Stage Prior to planting Prior to hilling 10/30/2013 After hilling 2/26/14 Plants 2” w/no Application Volume 15.2 g per foot of row 408g/3 gal/300 feet of row 5 fl oz + 6 fl oz/10 L /0.23 A 14 oz/6 gal Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Form Researcher: Project Title: Protocol #: Gary Chastagner and Annie DeBauw Date: 8/7/2014 T-114; IR-4 Efficacy of Foliar Fungicides to Control Botrytis on “Dynasty” Tulips 14-001 PRnumbers: 31946, 32042, 31947, 32014, 31948, 31949, 31950, 31951, 31952 buds present Product(s) applied during experiment (including treatments, fertilizers, etc): PRNUMBERS PRODUCT/CODE COMMON NAME 31946 BAS 703 01F proprietary 31947 F9110 extract of Lupinus 31948 Proud 3 thyme oil (5.6) 31949 S2200 4SC mandestrobin 31950 SP2770 10 WP proprietary 31951 SP2773 proprietary Torque 3.6SC 31952 tebuconazole 32041 Pageant 38 WG pyraclostrobin (12.8). boscalid (25.2) 32042 Chipco 26019 N/G iprodione MANUFACTURER BASF FMC BioHumanetrics BuFarm SePRO SePRO NuFarm BASF OHP Treatment List and Application Dates Rate/100 Application Application Trt #** TRT/PRODUCT PRnumbers Batch # gal/A Interval Dates1 1 Check 31946 270037 14 day 2 BAS 703 01F 8 fl oz C 31947 D31-230713 7 day A 3 F9110 24 fl oz 31948 HG-810-09252012 7 day A 4 Proud 3 4 qts 31949 VTC-1324-39 14 day C 5 S2200 4SC 7.5 fl oz 31950 None provided 7day B* 6 SP2770 10WP 2.66 lb 31951 None provided 14 day D* 7 SP2773 1.66 lb 31951 None provided 14 day D* 8 SP2773 3.313 lb 31952 13203VL001 14 day C 9 Torque 3.6SC 8 fl oz 32041 2236S02EJ 14 day C 11 Pageant 38WG 14 oz 32042 None provided 14 day C 12 Chipco 26019 N/G 16 oz 1 Dates: 1 = 2/27/14, 2= 3/7/14, 3 3/13/14, 4 = 3/21/14, 5 = 3/31/14, 6 = 4/8/14, 7 = 4/14/14, 8 = 4/22/14 A = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8; B = 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8; C = 1, 3, 5, 7; D = 1, 4, 5, 7. *There was a 3-week interval between the first and second applications of these products. **Treatment 10 was initially included in the protocol but was withdrawn from the trial. Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Report Form Researcher: Project Title: Protocol #: Gary Chastagner and Annie DeBauw Date: 8/7/2014 T-114; IR-4 Efficacy of Foliar Fungicides to Control Botrytis on “Dynasty” Tulips 14-001 PRnumbers: 31946, 32042, 31947, 32014, 31948, 31949, 31950, 31951, 31952 Photos See T-114; IR-4 Botrytis tulipae Photos file for representative treatment effects. Data Collected Please describe data collected and scoring system. Also include the dates data were collected. Disease incidence was rated on a scale of 0 to 10 where 0 = none, 1 = 1-10%, 2 = 11-20%,….., and 10 = 91-100% of plant foliage were diseased. Disease severity was rated on a scale of 0 to 10 where 0 = none, 1 = 1-10%, 2 = 11-20%, ….., and 10 = 91-100% of the foliage was killed. Disease severity ratings were taken on days 32, 46, 62, and 74. Flower heights were collected on April 10, 2014 and the number of blighted flowers was assessed on April 30, 2014. Blighted flowers were based on the number of flowers per cell where the disease had spread into the stem. Flower height was a measurement of the length of the flower stem from soil line to base of flower. Tulip bulbs were harvested on June 25, 2014 and sorted and weighted on June 27, 2014. Data analysis: Data were analyzed using ANOVA (GLM SAS). Treatment means were separated using Tukey’s Studentized Range (HSD) Test. Application Equipment: During the growing season, weeds were controlled with a combination of Surlan @ 0.5 fl oz / 1000 sq. ft as well as broadcast and spot applications of Buccaneer and Ranger Pro using a Solo backpack sprayer. For broadcast applications, sprayer was equipped with a Spray Systems TK 2 nozzle. For spot applications sprayer was equipped with a 8003 LP Tee-jet nozzle. For both types of weed control, applications were made at 15 psi in the indicated volumes of water. All trial treatment applications were applied with a CO2 sprayer equipped with an 8002 Teejet nozzle at 15 psi in the indicated volume of water. Raw Data See T-114; IR-4 Botrytis tulipae Data file for raw data Environmental conditions during the experiment: See T-114; IR-4 Botrytis tulipae Data file for outdoor environmental conditions.