TANKQUILIZER www.TFSRI.net The TFSRI Monthly News Letter • August 2014

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TANKQUILIZER
The TFSRI Monthly News Letter • August 2014
TFSRI Tankquilizer!
August, 2014
TROPICAL FISH SOCIETY OF RHODE ISLAND
Ab o u t T F S R I
T h e Ta n k q u i l i z e r
The Tropical Fish Society of Rhode Island is a notforprofit organization composed of local aquarists and
fish breeders. Our objectives are to increase the
knowledge of aquarium keeping as a service to
aquarists everywhere, and to encourage the breeding,
raising and showing of ornamental and naturally
occurring fish among all those interested.
The Tankquilizer is the monthly newsletter of the
Tropical Fish Society of Rhode Island. Any article
appearing in this newsletter may be reprinted by any
other non-profit organization provided that proper
credit is given to the author of the article and two
copies of the reprint are sent to the Editor of the
Tanquilizer.
Meetings are held on the third Wednesday of each
month (except December) at 7:30 PM. Visit us on the
web at www.tfsri.net for directions to the meeting
location.
Reproduction in part or whole by any for-profit
organization without the express written permission of
the author is prohibited.
All correspondence concerning this publication should
be directed to the editor. Opinions expressed in this
publication are those of the author and not necessarily
those of the Tropical Fish Society of Rhode Island or
the Editor.
For more information please visit us on the web at:
www.tfsri.net
T h i s Mo n t h’s H i g h l i g h t s
Section
Submissions and Changes
Page
The deadline for print in the next month’s issue of the
Tankquilizer is the first Wednesday of each month.
Submissions received by the Editor after this date may
be held for future issues.
President’s Message ....................................2
This Month’s Meeting ..................................3
Upcoming Events .........................................4
August’s Meeting Minutes ...........................5
Club sponsors needing to update their advertisements
please contact Michaela by the second Wednesday of
the month to have changes made for that month’s
newsletter.
Silicone Basics ..............................................6
September’s Meeting Minutes ....................8
SUBMISSIONS SHOULD BE SENT TO:
Michaela Knott, [email protected]
Include “Tankquilizer Submission” in the Subject line
This month’s coverfish is a Leopard Moray Eel Photo ©2014, R. Pierce
Officers
Board of Directors
George Goulart
Kim Mullen
Eric Mather
Roland Mandlers
President: Paul Muscatiello
Vice-President:
Treasurer:
Recording Secretary:
Corresp. Secretary:
Rick Burt
Richard Pierce
Judy Weinberg
Pat Parent
Tankquilizer Editor: Michaela Knott
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TFSRI Tankquilizer!
August, 2014
PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE
by Paul Muscatiello
President of the Tropical Fish Society of RI
•••
I would like to thank George
Goulart, Karen Randall and Lee
proud of the legacy they left and that
the current membership cares so
favorite sayings is “It’s all about the
fish”. In George’s case he not only
Finley for their presentation at the
August meeting on prepping entries
for the show. It was very informative
much to carry on the tradition.
Having said that, this event does not
happen by itself. I cannot thank the
talks the talk he walks the walk.
Thank you George!
information that I must admit I have
used myself. Of course I am also
guilty of on the day of the show
dedicated members of this club
enough. The members that basically
sacrifice an entire weekend and more
looking in a community tank and
scooping out a fish and winning
with it. The thing to remember is
when you include the BOD meetings
and phone calls and all the planning
that goes into making this event so
j u d g e s t h a t s p e n d a n e n t i re
Saturday afternoon and in this case
a beautiful Saturday afternoon
the most perfect specimen of any
given species will not win anything
successful. As I have said in the past,
if I do not recognize someone it is an
swimming around in it’s aquarium at
home.
error of omission not commission!
Next I would like to thank the
straining their eyes looking for
things I didn’t know existed. They
take the time to count whiskers on
a cory’s mouth or examining ventral
fins for tears on a tiny characin. Not
It never ceases to amaze me
First and foremost I would like to
thank George Goulart, he is the
the stuff of legendary late summer
afternoons. With great appreciation
I thank Tony Terceira, Lee Finley, ET
every year when we are putting
away the last pieces of equipment
from the annual show and auction
standard in the hobby that rest of us
are judged by. There is not another
member of this club that works at
Mellor, Karen Randall and Bill Logue
for taking the time to judge our
show.
that we pulled off another
successful event. The founding
members of the club would be
making this event so successful. His
enthusiasm and dedication are
unparalleled. One of George’s
Thank you to all the donors and
sponsors that generously gave so
Continued on pg. 3
BOWL SHOW: AUGUST RESULTS
female swordtail
Pat Parent
1st
saddled birchir
Dave Mullen 2nd
Okasi vespa
Zach
Some shots from the July Bowl Show by
Michaela Knott. Enter the bowl show for a
chance to see your fish featured here!
Submit your own bowl show shots to
[email protected]
2
3rd
TFSRI Tankquilizer!
August, 2014
that our show and auction was profitable. George Goulart
from Aqualife Aquarium, Ken Menard from Ken’s Fish,
played a big role in helping during the weekend and
stepped in and helped like they were seasoned veterans.
Richie Wilson from Central Mass aquatics, Rick Rego
Again I apologize if I omitted anybody, it is truly
from South Coast Scientific Books and Bruce from Del’s
Lemonade.
unintentional.
By the time you read this message the September
Again this year I would like to thank Eric Mather for his
work the entire weekend. He arrives Friday morning with
meeting will have come and gone. It seems I am making
thanking Ryan McAndrews a regular segment of my
the set up crew (Chuck Dourado, Brian Shepard, Rick
monthly message. With deep appreciation I would like to
Burt, Dave Smith and Daniel Boyle) and in a matter of a
couple of hours everything is ready for the show and
thank Ryan again for another presentation, this time on
the Great Barrier Reef off the coast of Australia. Ryan is a
auction. However this is just the warm up for Eric, he is
back on Saturday prepping the kitchen and food to feed
very interesting and of course entertaining speaker.
the audience for Sunday’s auction and preparing a great
As we move to the end of the year I want to remind
meal for the judges that evening when the judging is
complete.
everyone of our holiday party December 17th. We are
planning Chinese food that night and are asking
members planning on attending to bring an appetizer or
To Rich Pierce for his capable handling of the club’s
finances. Not only is Rich at the show all weekend, he
dessert. Beverages will be provided. Of course there will
be a Yankee swap ($10 limit on gifts) and some wild and
has a lot to do once the show ends. He has to tally the
crazy games.
proceeds from the show, send out checks to vendors that
are not present when the auction ends and take care of
This message is long enough, looking forward to seeing
everyone at the meeting October 15th, our own Rich
the banking that needs to be done. I appreciate all that
you do for the club.
Pierce and Tony Terceira will showing us the fine art of
aquarium photograghy. Everyone bring please bring
Thank you to Joe Masi and Tony Terceira for skillfully
some kind of camera.
calling 550+ lots at our auction on Sunday. To Dave and
Kim Mullen for running the 50/50 and general raffle, thank
Paul Muscatiello
President, TFSRI
you. To Al Wagonblott, Angie Gotta and Steve Palombo
for helping maintain sanity in handling the lots as they
moved through the auction. Thank you to Leslie Dick,
BOWL SHOW:
SEPTEMBER RESULTS
Roland Mandler and Kirk Amidon for working the auction
table. Finally a big thank you to Huy Vu who designed the
program and mans the computers that make check out
so seamless at the end of the auction.
To all the runners who provide one of
Betta splendens
the greatest services on the day of the
auction but I cannot begin to list all the
Judith Weinberg names of members and non-members I
witnessed running lots to their new
A. Gardneri
owners. With great appreciation I thank
Rick Burt you all.
I would also like to take a moment to
acknowledge the efforts of two
newcomers to the club, six months or less
for both of
them, Kiara Ciccarelli-Hand and Angie Gotta. They both
3
1st
2nd
TFSRI Tankquilizer!
August, 2014
THIS MONTH AT TFSRI
T O N Y T E RCIERA AND R ICH P IERCE P RESENT
“A Q UA R I U M P HOTOGRAPHY .”
A QUA -L IFE A QUARIUM
This month,Tony Terciera and Rich Pierce will present a
program on fish and aquarium photography.
They ask that you bring your camera and phone,as there will
be tanks set up to take some pictures,and experiment with
what they will be teaching us.A great way to remember that
special fish, or tank!
We carry live foods: Red Tubifex, Blackworms &
Brine Shrimp.
Also SERA Brand food, and Kent Aquarium Supplies.
We also carry a wide variety of freshwater plants &
fish, specializing in hard to find species such as wildtype bettas, killifish, discus, loaches & rasboras.
We also carry saltwater fish, corals, and macroalgae
and all your reef supplies.
Store Manager:
389 Wickenden St.
Irene Goulart
Providence, RI
401-331-5376
www.aqualifecentral.com
Monday:
10am5pm
We offer a 20%
Tue-Fri:
10am-7pm
discount to members Saturday: 10am-5pm
of NEC Clubs!
Sunday: Closed!
Find us on Facebook!
FOR SALE & WANTED
75 gal w/ iron stand for sale
Looking to get rid of my stored
75 gallon with iron stand. It's
been sitting in my garage for 6
months and am hoping
someone could get more use
out of it then it is being used
f o r c u r r e n t l y. E m a i l J u s t i n :
[email protected]
55 gal tank for sale. (tank only)
55 gallon Aqueon black frame
standard dimension 55 Gallon
tank. New-ish condition, used for
six months with fresh water. No extras,
just the tank. $50 OBO or plant/fish
trade. Kiara 401-419-3558
[email protected]
15 Gallon Aquariums Wanted
Looking
for
15
gallon
aquariums! Let me know if
you have any for sale.
[email protected]
12" x 30" x 18", with new-ish
glass versa top and black hood/
T8light. Bought used and used
some more. The access door
sits ok, but no longer has the
plastic hinge bits that affix it to
the rest of the hood. $30 OBO
or plant/fish trade. Kiara
401-419-3558 or
[email protected]
29 Gallon Wood Frame Tank
29 gallon older model wood
grain frame tank 12" x 36" x 15",
with matching wood grain hood/
T12light. Very good condition,
beautiful, vintage tank. $50 OBO
or plant/fish trade.
Kiara 401-419-3558 or
[email protected]
29 gallon Black frame tank
4
Have equipment you want to
sell List it in the For Sale
section!
Email [email protected]
before September. 9, 2014 to have
it added to next month’s
Tanquilizer. Please remember:
ONLY aquarium related items
are allowed in the for sale section
and your membership must be in
good standing.
TFSRI Tankquilizer!
August, 2014
UPCOMING EVENTS
OCTOBER 2014
15 T H TFSRI M O N T H LY M ET I N G
7pm RISPCA HeadQuarters
This month,Tony Terciera and Rich Pierce will
present a program on fish and aquarium
photography.
They ask that you bring your camera and phone, as
there will be tanks set up to take some pictures,and
experiment with what they will be teaching us. A
great way to remember that special fish, or tank!
20 T H B AS F A L L A U C T I ON
8pm Harborside Learning Lab, Boston, MA
The annual BAS Fall Breeders Auction!
Sellers get a 70% split!
NOVEMBER 2014
4 TH PVAS M O N T H LY M EETI N G
6:30 pm, First UCC of West Springfield
Speaker Greg Sage
19 TH TFSRI M O N T H LY M EETI N G
7pm RISPCA HeadQuarters
Eric Mather Presents the technical aspects of
a planted tank.
The Tropical Fish Society of Rhode Island is
Sponsored in part, by Del’s Lemonade.
17 TH B AS M O N T H LY M EETI N G
Shirts embroidered with the TFSRI
Logo are available. Preorder and
8pm Harborside Learning Lab, Boston, MA
prepay only:
T-shirts $12
Polo Shirts $25
Dry blend Polo Shirts $30
Steve Allen will be joining us to discuss
Shrimp in the Aquarium (they're not just for
dinner anymore ! )
Doors open at 7:30 pm
add $2 for XXL • $3 for 3XL
Rich Pierce will be taking orders at Wednesday's Meeting.
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TFSRI Tankquilizer!
August, 2014
AUGUST MEETING MINUTES
by Judy Weinberg
Recording Secretary of the Tropical Fish Society of RI
•••
The regular monthly meeting of the Tropical Fish Society of Rhode Island was held on August 20, 2014, at 7 p.m., at the
Rhode Island Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The President, Paul Muscatiello, the Treasurer, Rich
Pierce, and the Recording Secretary, Judy Weinberg, being present. Representatives George Gourlart, Kim Mullen, Pat
Parent and Eric Mather were also in attendance
The meeting minutes of July 16 were read and accepted.
The Treasurer's report was read and accepted. The insurance for the club has been paid. The club has $14,500 in the
checking and savings account, all told.
The events for the rest of the year line up as follows: In September, Ryan McAndrews will give a talk on the Great Barrier
Reef; In October, Rich and Tony will host a photography workshop, so bring your cameras; in November, Eric will give a
talk on the technical aspects of keeping aquatic plants; and in December, we will have a holiday party, with a Yankee
swap, and a pizza social.
Show Chairman, George Goulart, said that seven show class sponsorships have been spoken for, but that there were 13
classes left, at a cost of $40 each. There are three scribes so far for the show, but a couple more are needed. Stand setup is ready for Friday morning and fish set-up will take place Friday from 3 to 9 p.m. and Saturday from 9 a.m. to noon.
A new print photography class of fish in tanks is being added this year, to be judged by Tony. Any type of print may be
submitted, nothing larger than 10X12, and the photo should be sharply focused and have good composition.
The meeting was adjourned at 10:05 p.m.
Special Thanks to Dr. Finocchio and The Rhode Island Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. www.rispca.com
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TFSRI Tankquilizer!
August, 2014
BAP HAP AS OF AUGUST, 2014
by Rich Pierce
August 2014
Member
Leo Gadoury
Roger Pontes
Richard Pierce
Manuel C. Arruda
George Mundy
Adam Lotz
Gerald C. Miranda
Ed Skowronski
Steven Palombo
James Sargeant
Rick Rego
Paul Muscatiello
Dennis Clarkin
Eric Mather
George Goulart Jr.
Don Hubert
Richard Tombs
Russ Nordgren
Loretta Heinsohn
David Clark
Roland Mandler
Justin McCarthy
Jimmy Chang
Lance Tuttle
Amanda Parker
Pete Marchant
Edward T. DeRoche
Dan Donahue
Rick Burt
Mark Barasso
Zachary Gausland
Laura Barasso
Matt Wills
Kirk Amidon
David H. Smith
Alex Franqui
Peter Marceau
Daniel Angolano
Bill Demello
Jessica Cordeiro
Huy Vu
Michaela Knott
Victoria Giroux
Chuck Dourado
Kim Mullen
BAP&HAP coordinator for the Tropical Fish Society of RI
•••
2014
BAP
45
15
20
15
BAP
Total
3640
2855
2625
2435
1730
1560
1475
1400
910
905
625
615
475
55
445
435
415
395
315
2014
HAP
HAP
Total
30
10
105
25
305
20
40
40
40
30
300
55
210
235
185
150
140
120
15
100
60
50
50
155
305
5
235
25
200
20
105
10
50
15
5
45
5
40
40
30
25
20
20
15
475
10
45
20
15
15
7
15
50
20
45
20
15
Award Level
George Mundy Award +9
George Mundy Award +5
George Mundy Award +4
George Mundy Award +3
George Mundy Award
Jacques Brousseau Award
Jacques Brousseau Award
Jacques Brousseau Award
Superior Breeder
Superior Breeder
Expert Breeder
Expert Breeder
Advanced Breeder
Senior Aquatic Horticulturist
Expert Breeder
Expert Breeder
Expert Breeder
Advanced Breeder
Expert Breeder
Senior Aquatic Horticulturalist
Advanced Breeder
Sr Breeder / Sr Aquatic Horticult
Advanced Breeder
Adv Breeder / Sr Aquat Horticult
Advanced Breeder
Advanced Breeder
Advanced Breeder
Senior Breeder
Senior Aquatic Horticulturalist
Advanced Breeder
Senior Breeder
Senior Breeder
Senior Breeder
Senior Aquatic Horticulturalist
Breeder
Aquatic Horticulturist
Breeder
Breeder
Breeder
Breeder
TFSRI Tankquilizer!
August, 2014
Silicone Basics & Silicone Applications
by Carl Strohmeyer
•••
WHAT SILICONE TO USE AND WHAT NOT TO USE.
possesses four highly reactive
sites).
EDITOR’S NOTE:The original Article is about 6 Pages long and so
this will be broken up between several Issues. Silicone Basics, and
an Overview of Aquarium Applications will be included in this
issue, with Aquarium Repair, Leak Identification, Brace Repair, and
a Full Tank Resealing guide to be continued in future issues.
Curing takes place when
materials are exposed to
moisture. Atmospheric
moisture is sufficient to trigger
SILICONE BASICS:
the reaction, and thickness
should be limited if only one
Silicone rubber is a unique synthetic
side is exposed to the moisture
elastomer made from a cross-linked
source. Curing is also relatively
polymer which is reinforced with silica.
slow, reliant on moisture
Its characteristics are such that it provides a
ingress into the polymer which
balance of mechanical and chemical
produces Acetic Acid vapors.
properties useful for bonding glass aquariums
However some silicone formulas will scavenge
(not acrylic).
moisture quicker than other, thus curing in less time.
The basic formula is: Me3siO(siMe2O)
Generally quicker curing is not as desirable for
nsiMe3
aquarium manufacturing or repair as this can
make the silicone more difficult to work with for
100% RTV silicones
larger jobs and also result in the silicone pulling
(RTV= “Room Temperature Vulcanising”)
away from the glass panels being held together
are the silicones commonly used for glass
by the silicone.
construction and is often sold in Home
Thus working with silicone in lower humidity is
Improvement and Pet stores (or Online).
almost always more desirable.
A silicone Resource: American Aquarium
As noted, different formulas and (combined
Products; 100% USDA Approved silicone
with temperature and outside humidity) will
RTV silicones consist of polydialkylsiloxane with
affect cure time.
terminal hydroxyl groups (groups
made up of an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom
connected by a covalent bond), which are reacted
with organosilicon (chemical compounds containing
carbon silicon bonds) cross-linking agents.
This operation is carried out in a moisture-free
environment and results in the formation of a
tetrafunctional structure (A chemical structure that
8
©
TFSRI Tankquilizer!
August, 2014
Dow Corning, American sealants, and gE
adhesion).
have proprietary formulas (although Dow is
The bottom line is do NOT
often packaged under other brands such as
use silicone for repair of
All glass & Aqueon Aquarium) that cure at
Acrylic/ Plexiglass
an even slower rate as compared to some
aquariums (or other acrylic
cheaper formulas often sold in hardware
applications)!
stores that are generally used in
construction where this is not an important
PVC, Acrylic, Plexiglass
factor.
glue, cement For Plexiglass/
Acrylic aquariums you
This however is important for aquariums to
would need to use
have an even and slow cure time as even
Plexiglass or PVC Cement
some 100% silicones I have used such as
(glue) which works by
such as CRL, would cure too quickly
“melting” the Plexiglass
resulting in a less than desirable
panels together.
bond.
This is best applied with a needle applicator between
Also some NON-100% formulas
the Plexiglass panels along with applying pressure.
such as gE silicon II have a mildew
silicone is often used after initial Plexiglass
inhibitor (which would be toxic to
the fish).
construction to provide more water tight seal along the
seams of a Plexiglass/ Acrylic aquarium, but this will
100% RTV silicone Rubber sealant
peel after time (it can be re-applied) and provides NO
produces a flexible, durable
strength for the actual plexiglass panels.
weather resistant seal between
similar and dissimilar materials;
silicone can also be used to form a seal where water
100% RTV silicone provides
pressure will push the glass panel against a surface
excellent adhesion to tile, glass,
that it would otherwise would not adhere well to
porcelain, ceramic, fiberglass,
(although once pressure is removed after initial filling,
non-oily woods, plaster, painted
the silicone will likely not “seat” again in such an
surfaces, and metal.
application where silicone does not properly bond).
It will withstand temperature
AQUARIUM APPLIC ATIONS:
extremes from -60°F. to +450°F.
100% “food grade” RTV silicones are useful in the
and is waterproof for freshwater or
construction of glass aquariums and sealing the joints
saltwater use.
in DIY wooden aquariums. As noted earlier, silicone is
It is noteworthy that plastic (which
NOT useful for acrylic aquariums as it will peel away
is made from oil) is not mentioned.
over time due to the inherent oils in plastics.
RTV silicone is not useful for
Not all silicone formulas are the same, as stated earlier,
bonding acrylic aquariums and the
Dow Corning, American Aquarium sealants, and GE
oils within acrylic will eventually
produce a RTV silicone that cures at an even and slow
cause peeling away (lack of
rate necessary for aquariums. It is also noteworthy that
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TFSRI Tankquilizer!
August, 2014
most silicones labeled as 100% RTV, are still not
Finally, many silicones available for sale, especially
food grade.
generic brands often sold at big box home
improvement store may be 100% RTV silicone
Why is this important?
sealants, but these are not Agricultre Canada,
USDA, & FDA approved.
As I noted in the Basics section, too fast a
cure will not allow proper surface adhesion
This means these cannot be legally used for
especially in important seams.
sealing any container, equipment, etc used for
human food production or storage.
It is also hard to work with in building
aquariums and the person needs to work very
While this may not mean too much to some fish
quickly (usually too quickly) for proper
keepers, for me it is important to know that the
aquarium construction.
silicone I am using on my expensive
Also you want to purchase pure 100% RTV
aquatic specimens meet such
silicone as many (including silicones
specifications, since I would not
produced by Dow Corning) have other
want to place my pet fish in an
ingredients for different applications such as
environment tainted by chemical
fiberglass.
residuals of a less than pure
hardware store brand silicone.
A good example of a silicone you do NOT
Yet sadly, many aquarium
want to purchase is Dow Corning Marine
keepers do just this to save a
sealant which I have actually seen
dollar or two, if that, over the
recommended for aquariums in Yahoo
FEW
Answers and other Internet sources!
aquarium silicones approved for use
where food is manufactured!!
This product is great for fiberglass hulls of boats
This poor logic is baffling to me, as your fish are 100%
however it lacks the proper strength for aquariums due
emersed in the water that is constant contact with the
to added ingredients that allow for adhesion to plastic.
silicone. Even foods processed in containers that have
As well any silicone that advertises that it can be
silicone seals only have a short time of exposure,
painted on after curing has added ingredients and is
unlike your fish. so to purchase one of these silicones
not 100% silicone and NOT safe for aquariums or food
at Home Depot, Lowes, or online on Amazon, eBay,
use.
etc, is fool hardy.
If the USDA, FDA state that short term exposure for
foods in contact with these unapproved silicones is not
safe, what does this say about long term exposure by
your fish??
DON’T
F OR GE T TO F OLL OW U S O N
F AC EBO OK !
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August, 2014
SEPTEMBER’S MEETING MINUTES
by Judy Weinberg
Recording Secretary of the Tropical Fish Society of RI
•••
TFSRI Regular Meeting Minutes of September 17, 2014
Events chair, Rick Burt, said that October’s meeting
would be a photo workshop given by Tony and Rich.
There will be some tanks set up to focus on, and there
will be discussion about what type of camera to use,
photoshopping, and so on. The hope is to have a hands
on experience, so remember to bring a camera of some
nature. In Novermber, Eric will give an in-depth talk on
plant aquatics and in December, we will have a holiday
party with its usual fun and games, including a dinner
social. (November is also the month during which the
best of the best bowl first-place show winners should be
brought in for a vote-off.)
The regular monthly meeting of the Tropical Fish Society
of Rhode Island was held on September 17, at 7 plm., at
the Rhode Island Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to
Animals. The President, Paul Muscatiello, the Vice
President, Rick Burt, the Treasurer, Rich Pierce,
Corresponding Secretary, Pat Parent, and Recording
Secretary, Judy Weinberg, being present.
Representatives, Kim Mullen, George Goulart, and
Roland Mandler were also present.
The meeting minutes of August 20, 2014 were read and
accepted.
It was decided that January would be a regular meeting
and that the Members Appreciation Night would be held
in February, instead.
The Treasurer’s report was read and accepted. He noted
that all items that needed to paid and reimbursed were
taken care of, incuding payment from the Boston
Aquarium Society, for their half-share toward the visit of
Paul Loiselle in June.
The spring auction is to be held on March 14, 2015 and
the fall show and auction will be set for the weekend
after Labor Day. It was noted that Karen Randall will
enter her own planted tank in our show and that the
judge for that class would be club member, Jane
Snellman.
Paul noted that the lots were down from last spring’s
auction. He also pointed out the difference between
Tony’s and Joe Massi’s auctioneering styles, but added
that there was nothing really confusing between the two.
The meeting adjourned at 10:15 p.m.
Anubias Nana Bloom Submitted by Kirk Amidon
11