Tuesday November 27, 2012
Transcription
Tuesday November 27, 2012
Tuesday November 27, 2012 • Learning Target: I can Identify and communicate the similarities and differences of freshwater and marine biomes • Essential question : What would be necessary for an animal to be able to survive in freshwater and marine biome • Warm Up: Answer question 1- 5 on unit 4 study guide • Homework: Study your study guide and vocabu.lary Nov 20, 10 am, 20°C VOCABULARY JOURNAL Freshwater Water not containing salts Marine Relating to the ocean and the animals and plants that live there (salty) Estuary An area of water where freshwater and saltwater combine (river meets an ocean). Estuaries are the nursery of many aquatic animals. Freshwater ~V.S~ Marine Biome Part 1 1. Characteristics 2. Abiotic & biotic Factors Earth: The Water Planet ¾ of the Earth is covered in water Freshwater Biome • Definition: Water not containing salt • Covers 1/5 of the Earth’s surface • The freshwater biome includes: – – – – ponds lakes streams rivers Marine Aquatic Biome • Definition: The ocean and the animals and planets that live there. Contains salt • The Marine Biome includes: – – – – – Pacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean Indian Ocean Southern Ocean Arctic Ocean Aquatic Biome Ponds Lakes Streams Rivers Ponds and Lakes 1. Ponds and lakes are bodies of unmoving (still) fresh water. 2. Many have limited biodiversity (Biodiversity = number of and variety of organisms found in an area) because they are isolated from one another and from other water sources such as rivers and oceans. Streams and Rivers • Streams and rivers consist of bodies of moving water. • Rivers begin at an area called headwaters ( colder and more oxygen) and end at an area called the mouth (warmer, slower, sediment). Freshwater Location Freshwater can be found all over the world and covers 1/5 of the Earth’s surface. Characteristics of the Marine Biome • cover 71% of the Earth’s Surface. • Some places of the ocean floor are deeper than Mt. Everest is high. • 96.5% of the ocean is pure water • 3.5% is dissolved minerals (High Salinity) Biotic & Abiotic Abiotic and Biotic Factors of the Freshwater Biome Biotic Factors (living) Abiotic Factors (nonliving) • Freshwater biomes contain about 12 % of the worlds animals • 40% of the worlds fish species. • Many types of plants • the speed of the water flow • Climate (average weather) • The fresh water biome contains little salt. (low salinity) Usually less than 1%. • and amount of sunlight. Freshwater Biome • Most Important abiotic factor is sunlight, which is necessary for photosynthesis. • Water absorbs sunlight, so there is only enough sunlight for photosynthesis near the surface or in the shallow water. • Algae are the main Producers of the fresh water biome. Energy Transformation: radiant chemical (radiant energy/SUNLIGHT is converted to chemical energy/SUGAR as plants make their food in the process of photosynthesis) Components of the Marine Biome • Abiotic (nonliving) – Water – Sunlight/darkness – Minerals (from runoff) – Dissolved gases • Biotic (living) – Producers – Consumers – Decomposers Estuaries: Characteristics • Where rivers meet the ocean. (freshwater and marine meet) • Between 1 and 3.5% Salinity. • Organisms have to be adapted to to live in a changing environment. • water level and amount of salt (salinity) fluctuates (changes) Abiotic Factors • Saltwater and freshwater mix • Large supply of nutrients (deposited by the river) • Biotic Factors • Large diversity of organisms Independent Practice Create a Venn diagram of the characteristics, abiotic & biotic factors of freshwater an marine biomes Freshwater ~ covers 1/ 5 of Earth ~Low salinity (less than 1% salt) ~ lakes (unmoving and limited biodiversity) ~ Ponds(unmoving and limited biodiversity) ~ Rivers (moving – more biodiversity) ~Streams (moving – more biodiversity) Marine ~Estuary ~Where river meets Ocean ~Between 1 and 3.5% Salinity ~Organisms have to be able to live in a changing environment ~ Covers 71% of the Earth’s Surface ~deep ~3.5% dissolved minerals (mostly salt) ~ variety of biotic and abiotic factors depending on depth Freshwater ~V.S~ Marine Biome Part 2 1. Human Influences Human Influence 2 types of pollution that affect the aquatic biome • threatened by pollution 1)Chemical pollution- the introduction of toxic • farm runoff, chemicals into the water. (oil spills, pesticides, bio• industrial discharges, hazardous materials, illegal dumping etc.) • recreational boating, 2)Thermal pollution -A common cause of thermal • andisfast-food pollution the use packaging. of water as a coolant by power plants and industrial manufacturers. When water used as a coolant is returned to the natural environment at a higher temperature, the change in temperature decreases oxygen supply, and affects ecosystem composition. Independent Practice Complete the flow map 3 things that cause pollution 3 effects of pollution on aquatic biome Pollution