CIRAIG – Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal www.wulca-waterlca.org
Transcription
CIRAIG – Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal www.wulca-waterlca.org
Complementarities of Water-Focused Life Cycle Assessment and Water Footprint Assessment Based on Boulay, Vionnet et Hoekstra, 2013 Anne-Marie Boulay, Ph.D. CIRAIG – Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal [email protected] www.wulca-waterlca.org As Kelvin said… “If you can not measure it, you can not improve it.” 2 Common goal: help practitioners preserve water resources LCA WF: quantifying potential environmental impacts related to water generated by a human activity WFA: addresses freshwater resources appropriation, primarily designed to support better water management, including its use and allocation Life Cycle approach: a global view 4 http://www.linkcycle.com Mid-point – damage conventional framework Pesticide SO2 Cu CO2 Phosphate … Irrigation Water Crude Oil Iron Ore … Mid-point – damage conventional framework Problems Methodological tool, decision making Respiratory effects Areas of protection QuantifiesPhotochem. potential environmental impacts oxydation Pesticide SO2 Cu Entire CO2 ISO Phosphate … Ozone layer depletion life cycle of a product Human Health Ionizing radiation standardsToxic 14 Impacts 040/44 Global warming Ecosystem Quality Water availability Irrigation Water Crude Oil Iron Ore … Acidification Eutrophication Resources Land use Biotic ressource use Abiotic ressouce use Jolliet 2004, Life cycle initiative From inventory, to risk, to impacts… Inventory of water use and emissions Waterrelated problems (midpoint) Waterrelated damages (or endpoint) WATER FOOTPRINT Resource Availability Pollution Toxicity Acidification Eutrophication Human health Ecosystem quality Resources [DALY / y] [PDF-m2-y / y] [MJ / y] (c) Quantis 7 Water Footprint Network (WFN) A Volumetric Approach: Blue water Green water Grey water 8 Water Footprint Network vs LCA Frameworks WFN framework Phase 1 Setting goals and scope Phase 2 Water footprint accounting Phase 3 Water footprint sustainability assessment Phase 4 Water footprint response formulation LCA framework Goal and scope definition Quantiative indicators (blue, green and grey water footprint) Quantiative indicators (environmental impacts) Inventory analysis Impact assessment Generic framework steps Setting the goal and scope Accounting phase Impact assessment phase Interpretation Source: Boulay, Vionnet et Hoekstra, 2013 Interpretation and solutions 9 Opportunities for LCA Inventory Blue WF can serve as inventory flow in LCA Impact Assessment Blue water scarcity indicator is similar to LCA indicators and harmonization could be sought Interpretation Sustainability assessment and response formulation from WFA could be used to further develop the interpretation of LCA quantitative results. 10 Opportunities for WFA Accounting Use of LCA inventory data, especially for industrial products. Sustainability assessment Consideration of impact assessment methodologies from the LCA community and joint efforts leading to consensual metrics 11 Method development: the WULCA working group of the UNEP/SETAC Life Cycle Initiative 12 UNEP/SETAC Life Cycle Initiative Water Use in LCA (WULCA) Founded in 2007, now includes 100 experts from 21 countries – Phase 1: Proposed a framework to evaluate water in LCA (Bayart et al. 2009) – Phase 2: Review of different methods (Kounina et al. 2012) – Phase 3: Quantitative comparison (Boulay et al A and B, under review) Current mandate (2014-2015): Guide the scientific development of a consensual and operational method which shall be in line with both the ISO Water Footprint Standard and the LCA principles www.wulca-waterlca.org Anne-Marie Boulay, Ph.D. (Canada) Project Manager Stephan Pfister, Ph.D. (Switzerland) Deputy Manager 13 Anne-Marie Boulay, Ph.D. CIRAIG – École Polytechnique de Montréal [email protected] 14 15 Anne-Marie Boulay, Ph.D. CIRAIG – École Polytechnique de Montréal [email protected] TYPES OF METRICS FOR IMPACTS RELATED TO WATER • Scarcity Indicators – ex: Pfister et al., Boulay et • • • al (simplified version) Stress Indicator – ex: Boulay et al., Veolia method Quality indicators: Eutrophication, ecotoxicity, acidification, etc. Endpoint Modeling: Human health, Ecosystems and Resources Scarcity assessment OR Quality Indicators Availability assessment (scarcity + quality) Scarcity assessment + quality indicators End point modeling (quantity and quality impacts) INCREASED ENVIRONMENTAL RELEVANCE AND SOPHISTICATION Water Footprint Training Material 16