Physics Worksheet Lesson 11 Circular Motion
Transcription
Physics Worksheet Lesson 11 Circular Motion
Physics Worksheet 1 Rotation and Revolution a. Section: Circular Motion 3 Axis: an axis is the straight line around which rotation or revolution takes place. Name: Linear/Tangential Speed a. Linear speed (___): unit: ________________ __________________________________________ The linear speed is greater on the outer edge of a rotational object than it is closer to the axis. b. Tangential speed (___): unit: ________________ __________________________________________ b. Internal Axis: c. __________________________________________ c. ____________________ = ____________________ External Axis: d. __________________________________________ d. Rotation: 2 Linear (Tangential) Speed = _____________________ v = ______________ = _______________ __________________________________________ e. The direction of motion is always tangent to the circle. For circular motion, Revolution: e. Exercise: In a circular motion, if the period is 2s and the radius is 3m, what’s the tangential speed? f. Exercise: In a circular motion, if the frequency is 2Hz and the radius is 4m, what’s the tangential speed? g. Exercise: In a circular motion, if the tangential speed is 12𝜋 m/s, and the radius is 2 m, what’s the period? What’s the frequency? __________________________________________ Period and Frequency: a. Period (___): unit: ________________ __________________________________________ b. Frequency (___): unit: ________________ __________________________________________ c. Period and frequency are reciprocals of each other: __________________ and __________________. d. Exercise: If the frequency is 40 Hz, what’s the period? e. Exercise: If the period is 0.05s, what’s the frequency? 4 Rotational/Angular Speed a. Rotational speed (___): or ____________________ __________________________________________ f. Exercise: If the microprocessor clock of your computer is running at 2.5 GHz, what’s the period of the clock? All parts of a rotational object have the same rate of rotation, or same number of rotations per unit of time. Unit of rotational speed: __________________________________________ __________________________________________ Mr. Lin 1 Physics Worksheet b. 6 Rotational Speed 𝝎 = ______________ = _______________ c. Section: Circular Motion Exercise: In a circular motion, if the period is 2s and the radius is 5m, what’s the rotational speed? Name: Centripetal Acceleration a. Acceleration is a vector quantity: a = __________ b. Velocity can be changed by (1) _______________________________________, (2) _______________________________________. d. Exercise: In a circular motion, if the frequency is 2Hz and the radius is 5m, what’s the angular speed? c. 5 Definition of Centripetal Acceleration (_____): Rotational and Tangential Speed a. Tangential speed: Rotational speed: ___ = ____________________ So, Tangential speed = _____________ x ___________ b. __________________________________________ ___ = ____________________ or ___ = __________________________ At the center (or axis) of the rotational platform: __________________________________________ __________________________________________ d. toward the ___________________ of the circle, and there is no _____________________ speed, but there is _____________________ speed. c. d. e. Exercise: In a circular motion, if the angular speed is 4𝜋 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 and the radius is 3m, what’s the tangential speed? Exercise: In a circular motion, if the linear speed is 6𝜋 𝑚/𝑠 and the radius is 2m, what’s the rotational speed? Exercise: In a circular motion, object A and B both revolve about the same center. The radius for A is 4m and the radius for B is 2m. If the period of the circular motion for both objects is 3 s, what’s the tangential speed and angular speed for both objects? Mr. Lin Centripetal acceleration is directed at a ______________ to the path of a moving object. e. Centripetal Acceleration: _____ = _________________ = ________________ f. Exercise: In a circular motion, if the linear speed is 6 𝑚/𝑠 and the radius is 3m, what’s the centripetal acceleration? g. Exercise: In a circular motion, if the rotational speed is 2 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 and the radius is 3m, what’s the centripetal acceleration? h. Exercise: In a circular motion, if the period is 2 𝑠 and the radius is 5m, what’s the centripetal acceleration? 2 Physics Worksheet 7 Centripetal Force a. Section: Circular Motion n For a circular motion, what if angular speed is doubled? Fc will be ………… n For a circular motion, what if mass is halved? Fc will be ………… n For a circular motion, what if radius is halved? Fc will be ………… n For a circular motion, what if linear speed is halved? Fc will be ………… n For a circular motion, what if angular speed is halved? Fc will be ………… i. A 280 kg motorcycle traveling at 32 m/s enters a curve of radius = 130 m. What force of friction is required from the contact of the tires with the road to prevent a skid? j. Astronauts are trained to tolerate greater acceleration than the gravity by using a spinning device whose radius is 10.0 m. With what linear speed and rotational speed would an astronaut have to spin in order to experience an acceleration of 3 g’s at the edge of the device? k. To swing a pail of water around in a vertical circle fast enough so that the water doesn’t spill out when the pail is upside down. If Mr. Lin’s arm is 0.60 m long, what is the minimum speed with which he can swing the pail so that the water doesn’t spill out at the top of the path? l. At the outer edge of a rotating space station, 1 km from its center, the rotational acceleration is 10.0 m/s2. What is the new weight of a 1000 N object being moved to a new storage room which is 500 m from the center of the space station? Definition of Centripetal Force (_____): __________________________________________ __________________________________________ b. Draw the centripetal forces in the following circular motion: c. In linear motion: Fnet = _______________. In circular motion: Centripetal Force: Fc = ________________c d. ____ = ________ = ___________ = _____________ e. Exercise: In a circular motion, if the mass of the object is 2kg, its linear speed is 4 𝑚/𝑠 and the radius is 2m, what’s the centripetal force? f. Exercise: In a circular motion, if the mass of the object is 5kg, its angular speed is 3 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 and the radius is 2m, what’s the centripetal force? g. Name: Identify the following relationships: Centripetal force and mass: ____________________ Centripetal force and radius: ___________________ Centripetal force and tangential speed: ___________ Centripetal force and angular speed: ____________ h. Exercise: Answer the following questions n For a circular motion, what if mass is doubled? Fc will be ………… n For a circular motion, what if radius is doubled? Fc will be ………… n For a circular motion, what if linear speed is doubled? Fc will be ………… Mr. Lin 3