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Feb. 23, 1937.
2,071,420
G. NAPOLI-TAN
v
BRAKE
Filed MaI‘Oh‘ 22, 1955 ,
2 sheets-sheet 1
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BY
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ATTORNEYS
Feb. 23, 1937.
G. NAPOLITAN
2,071,420
BRAKE
Filed March 22, 1955
2 sheets-sheet 2
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"£5 /
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INVENTOR.
6271/5 /l/APQÁ/TA/v.
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ATTORNEYS.
Patented renza, 1931 ’
y / 2,071,420
UNITED STATES? PATENT oFFlfci-a
Gene
~
I
ApplicationMarch 22,193.5, Seria-l No.` 12,371. "
achim." (ci. ias-1s)
improvements in '
-This invention relates toL
brakes, and more particularly to,y internal brakes
for automobiles.k
,
parts, throughout the several forms of my inven
tion,> the numeral I0 designates a conventional
brake, drum adaptedto be fixedly attached to .
the inner side ofV a vehicle wheel> while closing the
'
One of Vthe main featuresl of the invention re
5 sides in a brake mechanismv by which a more
inner open side of the brake drum, is a ñxed 5
anchor- plate II on which the operating parts of
efilcient braking action may be` obtained between
the brake shoes and the brake drum -by reason
the brake mechanism are mounted.f The anchor
of the equal distribution of force tothe ends of
the brake shoes duringÍ expanding movement
for they passage ofv an axle while flxedly secured
to the inside of the plate above and below the 10
plate Il‘is provided with a central opening I2
10 thereof, and which tends to cause. even wear
horizontal axis thereof areîhorizontally disposed
throughout the braking surface of the brake
shoes.
tracks or guides I3-I3.
lslidably supported by the horizontal guides
'
Another featureof the invention is the pro
vision of a brake mechanism having a simple
.15 and efñcient means for eifecting an -adjustment
ofthe brake shoe expanding mechanism to take
`I3-I3 are brake shoes I4 and I5. The brake
shoes I4 and I5 are diametrically opposed and 15
are of different shapes, the brake ‘shoe I4 includ
up wear when it occurs between the brake shoes
and the brake drum.
v
--
»
Y
A further object of the invention is to pro
20 vide a brake-mechanism having the above fea
tures in which the parts are associated in a novel
manner to facilitate the removal of the brake
'shoes w
‘
n worn to enable the relining thereof.
With't ese and other objects inview, the in
25 vention resides in the certain novel'const'ruc
tion, combination and arrangement of parts, the
essential features oi.' which are hereinafter fully
described in the following speciñcation, are Apar
ticularly pointed out inl the lappended claims,
30 and are illustrated 'in the accompanying draw
ings, in which:
_
~
Figure 1 is a top plan view partly in section of
my improved brake mechanism for operation by I »
ing an arcuate shaped flange I6 ori-which the
brake lining I1 is attached, while extending in
wardly from the ñange I6 is a substantially U
shaped web I8, the legs 9-I9 being slidably re- 20
-ceived in the respective tracks or guides I3--I3.
-
The 'legs Iii-_I9 extend horizontally to a posi
tion beyond the plane of the opening I2 and ad
jacent the brake shoe I5'. The free end of the
legs Iii-_I94 are beveled in reverse direction, the 25
bevel _of the upper leg I9 being downwardly and
inwardly inclined while the bevel 'on the lower
leg .I9 is downwardly and outwardly inclined. ,
The brake shoe I5 comprises 'an arcuate shaped
flange 2|, the outer face voiî which has`brake 30
lining material 22 fixedly secured thereon,
whereas a web 23 extendsinwardly from the
iiange 2| and is provided with reversely inclined '
surfaces 24--24 whichare disposed opposite the
surfaces 20-20 of the legs I9. The inclination 35
35 Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view `on the of the surfaces 24-24 are opposite to that of the
line 2-2 óff Figure 1.
adjacent inclined surfaces 20-20 to provide a
Figure 3 .is an enlarged detail vertical> sec
substantially Vinverted V- haped space betweexî
tional view on the line 3-3 of Figure A2.
'
the upper ends of the ‘webs of the brake shoes
Figure 4 is a detail vertical sectional view on and to provide a substantially V-shaped spacey 40
40 the line 4-4 of-Figure 2.
f .
between the lower end of the brake shoes. The
Figure 5 is a detail horizontal sectional view extreme `ends ofthe web/23 are also slidably
on the line 5-5 of Figure 2.
received in the tracks I3 whereby‘the brake
Figure 6 is a perspective view o_f ‘one of the shoes may slid'e toward and awayy from each
>wedge members.
I
,
.
otheer for expanding movement in o4 engagement 45
45 Figure 7 is a‘vertical sectional view through a withthebrake drum or to a re, racted position
hydraulics.
_
>`
_
modined form of brake withthe operating parts
‘thereof in side elevation.
n
'
I
Figure 8 is a vertical transverse sectional view
on the line 8-8 of Figure '7.>
»Figure 9 is an enlarged detail vertical sectional
view of the brake adjusting mechanism.
‘
FigureLlO is av detail perspective> view of one
of the brake shoe expanding wedges.
Referring to the 'drawings by reference char
55 acters wherein like characters yrefer to similar
50
free
` In of
Figures
the drum.
l to l6 incluslve,1f employ
f
hydraulic
means for expanding the brake shoes into brak
ing engagement with the drum, and which means 5|
includes a pair of keystone shaped wedges 25-26,
each of which has its inclined sides provided
with channels 26 for receiving the inclined .por
tions of the webs I8 and 23, whereas a. threaded
bore 21 extends vertically or lengthwise through 5g
2
2,071,420
the wedges for threadedly receiving the threaded
ends of stems 28. The inner. end of each stem 28
bears against a piston 29 arranged within a
cylinder 30, the piston 29 -being normally in a
beyond the anchor plate and terminates in a
reduced threaded stud 44. Fixed to the shaft 42
by a pin 45 is a clutch collar 46 having nut faces
46' and ratchet teeth, while iitting upon the
retracted position and urged thereto by a‘sprlng
shaft andbnormally engaging the clutch collar
46 is a coacting clutch collar 41 having ratchet
teeth for releasable engagement with the ratchet
3I interposed between the pistons 29 and re
spectively connected thereto. The ends of the
cylinder 29 are closed by rubber caps 32 through
which the stems 28 pass and which stems are air
10 tightly connected'to the caps as illustrated in
Figures 2 and 3 of the drawings. Entering the
cylinder 3l) through the anchor plate- I I is a iiuid
supply line 32, the pressure from which is adapted
to expand the pistons 29 in opposite directions
for the purpose of imparting an expanding ac
tion to the brake shoes through' the wedges 25.
It will be understood that the cyiinder.30 is
teeth of the collar 46, and from which an actu
ating arm or lever 48 extends, the said arm
adapted to be operatively connected with the foot 10
brake actuating mechanism of an automobile.
Threaded upon the threaded stud 44 is a nut
49 and interposed between the inner side of the
nut and the outer side of the clutch collar 41
is a. spring 50, which tends to normally hold the 15
ratchet teeth of the clutch collar 46 and clutch
element 41- in clutching engagement. Also
ilxedly secured to the anchor plate II as shown . threaded to the -stud 44> is a stop nut 5I having
in Figure 3 of the drawings wherein screws 33 a hood or socket portion 52 enclosing the nut 49
20 are employedn as fastening elements.
and spring 50 and bearing against the clutch
element 41. A stop pin 53' extends outwardly
, For the purpose of facilitating adjustment of
the wedges 25, each stem 28 is provided with a from the plate II into the path of movement of
knurled manipulating flange 34 whereby turning the lever 48 for limiting `the movement of the
of the ilange will eiIect a sliding movement to lever in a non-braking direction.
25 the/wedge to adjust the normal position of the
In the operation of the form of my invention
same. ‘By the manipulation of the iiange 34 Ito shown in Figures 7 to 10, it will be seenthat upon
impart turning movement to a stem 28, any wear actuation of the lever 48, turning movement will
between the brake shoes and the drum may be be imparted to the shaft 42 through the clutching
elements 46 and 41, whereby the cam 4| will be
taken up.
_
.
30
For the purpose of normally holding the brake turned to spread the wedges 25 in opposite di 30
shoes I4 and I5 in a retracted position, springs rections, and which wedging action produces the
same result as that hereinbefore described
35 have`oné of their ends connected to the re
spective legs I9-I9 and their other ends fastened wherein hydraulic means was employed for the
35
adjacent therends of the web 23.
' operation of the expanding wedges.
.
WhenA it is desired to adjust the wedges 25 35
For the purpose of holding the stems 28 in
an adjusted position spring catches 36 are tlxed - to compensate for we r between the brake shoes
to the wedges 25 and are formed with inwardly and the drum, the nu v5I may be unscrewed from
extending detents or teeth 31 i'or engagement the threaded stud 44 whereupon the clutch ele
with the milled surface or teeth provided on the ment 41 may be disengaged from the clutch col
40 flangesv 34. If desired, the periphery ’ of the lar 46 by applying a wrench to the nut portion 40
flange 34 maybe provided with recesses or sockets ( 46’ thereof and imparting a turning movement
thereto to cause the engaging ratchet teeth be
31’ radially arranged to accommodate the inser
tion of an instrument to eiîect turning. movement tween the element 41 and collar 46 to ride over
each other, causing a turning movement to be
of the stems 28.
°
_
,
(5
From the foregoing‘description, _it will be seen imparted to they shaft 42 to change the nôrmal 45
that the brake shoes I4 and I5 are normally in radial position of the actuating cam 4I without
a retracted position as shown in Figure 2, but disturbing'the normal position of the arm or
upon the admission of _ ñuid pressure into the
' lever '48.l The spring 50 serves to keep the clutch
cylinder 35, the pistons 29 will be forced out `element 41 in, clutching engagement with the
50 wardly in' opposite directions and will in turn clutch collar 46 while 'effecting an adjustment 50
`
move the wedges 25 in opposite directions and oi’ the cam 4I.
From the foregoing description, it will be noted shoes I4 and I5 -into .braking contact with the _ that in both forms', there is provided a pair of
drum III. Release of the fluid pressure will diametrically opposed slidably mounted brake
55 enable vthe springs `35 to move the brake shoes
shoes which are clear of, the plane of the opening 55
to retracted position as“ well as the returnoi the . I2 in the anchor plate to facilitatethe passage
îwhich wedging ,movement expands the` brake
other parts to normal position.
`
'
In the form of my invention shown in Figures
` 'I- to- 10 inclusive, substantially the sameI con
'oi' an axle without interference to the brake
mechanism. Also, the »brake mechanism is
mounted as a unit upon the anchor plate, and
that the parts are readily accessible upon the re
struction is` present 'as that hereinbefore .de
scribed, with the exception that -.the shoes are. moval oi' the wheel of a vehicle on which the
.
mœed to their braking position by mechanical brake dnim is mounted.
While I have illustrated two forms of_ my in-,
means rather than by hydraulic pressure, and
the- mechanical means for actuating the shoes‘ venti'on, it will be~ understood that other changes
V05 will now be described. In this form, the lower of ' and modiiications may be resorted to as come
the Awedges 25 is provided with an upwardly ex-A
-tending platey or shank 38 provided with an
elongated slot 38 through which aiuide pin 40 ,
within the'scope oi.' the appended claims ii' so‘
desired.
^
-Having thus described the invention, what- I
claim_as.n'ew and desire to secure by Letters
of the pme u terminates miscela;? .me under - Pateniïof'thev United States. is:
"
'extends`from’the anchor plate' I I. The top end
' . `side oi.' the upper wedge 25 and interposed there
between is a wedge expandingcam 4I, the same
15
being-fixed to the inner end_of a shaftíg! turn
ably mounted 'in a bearing 43 carried by the
anchor plate II. 'I‘he shatt`42 extends outwardly
V 1. In abrake, a drum, a pair of'opposed slidably
mounted shoes,_one of said shoes having a sub
stantially U-shaped web, the ends of the legs of
the U-shaped web being .inwardly inclined and
terminating in spaced relation with`the web of u
„3,
2,071,420 I
,the other
inclined années provided oii the slida'bly, supported upon said anchor plate for
movement toward'and away from each other, the
. web` of the -other .shoe opposite the inclined ends
-of the U-_-shaped w'eb and inclined in a direction „web of»one of said brake shoes being U-shaped
opposite thereto to provide 'XV-shaped spaces and terminatingin spaced relation with respect
therebetween. slide wedges disposed within Vthe Vto the web of the other brake shoe, the U-shaped
‘V-shaped~spaces for wedging engagement with web adapted to straddle an' axle passed through
the inclined portions o1' theV websV of saidshoes, ‘ said opening, reversely- inclined surfaces pro
' spring 'means acting upon said shoes to hold . vided l,on adjacent opposed ends of the webs of
the same‘in a Vnormally retracted position, land
. said brake shoes, shoe expanding means inter
'operable means for simultaneously'î moving. said mediate the spaced webs and operatively engaged 10
with the reversely inclined surfaces for >sliding
wedges- ‘in opposed direction to cause Vthe shoes.v . saidshoes
toan expandedIv position into engage
.to beV moved to an expanded position into braking
ment _with said drum,- and spring means acting to
engagement with said drums against the action = move
said shoes to a retracted position.
Aof said spring means
.2. In a brake',_av rotatable drum, a iixed brake . ,_v5.-'In-a brake,-a drum, a pair of opposed slid
anchorîplate'closing one'side oi said drum, a ably mounted shoes, one of said shoes having
pair of<opposed brake shoes `slidably mounted , a-substantially U-shaped web, the ends of the
I lipon s'aid anchor plate, the webs o_f- said brake legs of the U-shaped web-being inwardly inclined
and terminating in spaced'relation with the vweb
I shoes terminating’in spaced relation with re
of the' other shoe, inclined surfaces provided -on’
20 spect to each other," a rotatable actuating ca'm the web of the ‘other shoe opposite the inclined
member journaled in said plate, means `for fa
cilitating radialpdjustment _of said cam member ends of', the U-shaped we_b `and inclinedin a
, relative to its,A axis, and wedge means between direction opposite thereto to provide V-shaped
said actuating cam member vand the webs of 'said yspaces-therebetween, slide wedges disposed with,
shoes
and operable upon turning movement of ,. in they-shaped spaces for wedging vengagement 25
25
withfthe inclined portions of the web of said
said'actuating
`
‘cam 'member to expand said shoes . shoes, spring' means acting upon said shoes to
intobraking engagement with said drum.
hold th‘e same in a normally retracted position,
_15
3. In, a brake,` a drum, a Ypair of opposed
' jslidably mounted shoes, one of said shoes having
30 a substantially U-shaped web, vtheends of the
and hydraulic operating means for simulta
neously moving said wedges in opposed direction
to‘cause the shoes to be moved to an expanded
position into braking engagement with said drum
against the Iaction of said spring means.
the web ofthe other shoe, inclined surfaces >pro
vided on the web of the other shoe opposite» the j 6'. In abrake, a drum, a pair of opposed slid
ably mounted shoes, one of said shoes having a
inclined ends of the U-shaped web and inclined s substantially
U-shaped webfthe ends of the legs
inf. a direction» opposite thereto to provide of the U-shaped
webbeinginwardlyinclined and
legs oiV the U-shaped web being inwardly in
clinedand terminating inV spaced relation with .
yeshaped spaces'therebetween,'s1ide wedges dis-'
in
osed within'the
V-shapedspaces for -wedging‘.~‘ terminating
1 spaced-relationfwith the web of
J `
the other shoe, inclined surfaces provided on the
engagement withA the' inclined portions of the
of _the other shoe opposite the inclined ends
webs of said`shoefs, springmeans acting ¿upon "^ web
of the U-shaped web `and inclined in a direction
said shœs tQ,-hold the same in aA normally re ,opposite
thereto\to~"provide V-shaped spaces`
p
45
tracted position, and operable means for simul
taneously moving said wedges in opposite di->
rections to causethe shoesyto be movedto an
therebetween, slide wedges„_dispos'ed Within the
said drum against »the action. of. said spring „
spring means acting upon said shoes to hold-Uthe
samej in a normally retracted position, and cam
expanded position >into braking engagement with
means, and means for effecting an _adjustment of
.so
V-shaped spaces for wedging engagement with
_the inclined Aportions of the webs of said shoes,
actuated means for simultaneously moving said
said slide wedges relative to said operating'means ‘
wedges in opposed directions to cause 'the shoes
'to compensate iîor"wearv between said shoes and -to
be moved to an expanded position into brakfsaid drum.
_
,
I
ing
engagement with said drum against vthe ac
" 4. In a brake, a rotatable drum, a kfixed brake
. anchor plate closing one side of said drum 4and tion oi" said spring means.
having a central opening for the passage l,of an .
axle, a pair of diametrically opposed vbrake shoes
'
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,GENE NAPOLITAN.