Transformations of Urban Social Fabric in East Central Europe
Transcription
Transformations of Urban Social Fabric in East Central Europe
33rd György Ránki Hungarian Chair Conference Transformations of Urban Social Fabric in East Central Europe, 1880 to present Saturday-Sunday March 28-29, 2015 Oak Room, Indiana Memorial Union, 900 East Seventh Street, Indiana University, Bloomington The György Ránki Hungarian Chair Symposium is hosted by Indiana University György Ránki Chair in Hungarian Studies Department of Central Eurasian Studies Inner Asian and Uralic National Resource Center Russian and East European Institute Department of Central Eurasian Studies Indiana University, Goodbody Hall 157 1011 E. 3rd Street, Bloomington IN 47405-7005 Telephone: 812-855-2233, Fax: 812-855-7500 www.indiana.edu/~ceus The conference is free and open to the public. The courtesy of advance registration is requested (for seat counts) but not required. Contact: Indiana University Department of Central Eurasian Studies at the above address or e-mail [email protected] using subject line HUNGARIAN. Free parking is available on weekends in the Indiana University Poplars Parking Garage. (Enter on E. 6th Street 1.5 blocks east of campus). For a campus map, see www.iub.edu/~iubmap. If you have a disability and need assistance, special arrangements can be made to accommodate most needs. Contact Karen Niggle at [email protected]. SATURDAY, March 28, 2015 8:30-9:00 Registration & Continental Breakfast 9:00-9:15 Opening Remarks & Introductions Lee A. Feinstein, Dean, School of Global and International Studies, Indiana University Jamsheed K. Choksy, Professor and Chair, Department of Central Eurasian Studies, Indiana University 9:30-11:00 Panel I: City in Central European History Chair: Rebecca SPANG, Acting Director, Institute for European Studies and Associate Professor, Department of History, Indiana University Hungary in the 20th Century Lászlo BORHI, Visiting Research Scholar, Central Eurasian Studies Department, Indiana University, and Senior Research Fellow, Hungarian Academy of Sciences The city as battleground: The völkisch agenda and Central Europe’s cityscapes Gergő ROMSICS, Director, Hungarian Cultural Center, New York, NY, Assistant Professor, Eötvős Loránd University, Budapest, and Visiting Scholar, Columbia University Harriman Institute Ruralization of the Cities and the Communist Utopia (Sztálinvaros, Budapest) Sándor HORVÁTH, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Institute of History Questions/remarks 11:00-11:10 Coffee Break 11:10-12:40 Panel II: Urban Social Transitions Chair: Brian POWELL, James H. Rudy Professor and Chair, Department of Sociology, Indiana University Economic, demographic and territorial development trends influencing development of cities and regions in Europe, with special reference to Hungary Géza SALAMIN, The Central Bank of Hungary and Hungarian Society for Urban Planning Long term challenges of Romanian urban network: planning for regions with different background László CSÁK, Babeş-Bolyai University, Kolozsvár/Cluj, Romania, Hungarian Society of Urban Planning Patterns of urban development after 1989 around Budapest, Hungary János B. KOCSIS, György Ránki Hungarian Chair Visiting Professor, Department of Central Eurasian Studies, Indiana University, and Associate Professor, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics Department of Sociology and Communication Questions/remarks 12:40-2:00 Lunch – on your own 2:00-3:30 Panel III: Changes in Urban Patterns Chair: Dávid SINGER, First Secretary, Cultural Affairs, Embassy of the Republic of Hungary, Washington, D.C. Changing social and built environment of large housing estates in Budapest Melinda BENKŐ, Associate Professor and Head, Department of Urban Planning and Design, Faculty of Architecture, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary Living in gentrified areas in Budapest Adrienne CSIZMADY, Senior Research Fellow, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Institute for Sociology, and Associate Professor, Faculty of Social Sciences, Eötvős Loránd University, Budapest Traveling Concepts and Repeated Urban Forms: Are There Gated Communities in Post-Socialist Cities? Virág, MOLNÁR, Assistant Professor of Sociology, New School for Social Research, New York, NY Questions/remarks 3:30-3:40 Coffee Break 3:40-5:10 Panel IV: City and Ethnicity Chair: Toivo U. RAUN, Professor, Department of Central Eurasian Studies, Indiana University Political Change, Social Transformation, and the Possibilities of Revival in the ‘Old Jewish Quarter’ of Budapest in the 20th-21st Century Erika SZIVÓS, Associate Professor, Department of Economic and Social History, Eötvős Loránd University, Budapest Natural Materials and Nationalist Aesthetics in Hungary Krisztina FEHÉRVÁRY, Associate Professor of Anthropology and Associate Director, Center for Russian & Eastern European Studies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI From café to stage to museum: The transformation of the Gypsy music industry in 20th Century Budapest Lynn HOOKER, Associate Professor, Department of Central Eurasian Studies, Indiana University Questions/remarks SUNDAY, March 29, 2013 8:30-9:00 Registration & Continental Breakfast 9:00-10:30 Panel V: Towns and Cities at the Fin-de-Siécle Chair: György KARA, Professor, Department of Central Eurasian Studies, Indiana University Rivers, Railroads, and Provincial Cities, 1880-1900 Robert NEMES, Associate Professor of History, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY Religious investment in identity politics in two 19th century European cities Pál HATOS, former György Ránki Hungarian Chair Visiting Professor, Department of Central Eurasian Studies, Indiana University, and former Director General, Balassi Institute, Budapest Riga and Tallinn in the Late Tsarist Era: Multi-ethnicity and Social and Political Change Toivo U. RAUN, Professor, Department of Central Eurasian Studies, Indiana University Questions/remarks 10:30-10:40 Coffee Break 10:40-11:40 Panel VI: Local and Global Chair: Valéria VARGA, Senior Lecturer, Department of Central Eurasian Studies, Indiana University Social cohesion and interethnic trust in local communities Béla JANKY, Director, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Institute for Sociology, and Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics Myth and reality of the ‘creative city’ in Hungary Bence SÁGVÁRI, Hungarian Fulbright Visiting Professor, Department of Central Eurasian Studies, Indiana University, and Research Associate, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Centre for Social Sciences Questions/remarks 11:40-11:50 Closing Remarks János B. KOCSIS, György Ránki Hungarian Chair Visiting Professor, Department of Central Eurasian Studies, Indiana University, and Associate Professor, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics Department of Sociology and Communication ABSTRACTS & BIOS MELINDA BENKŐ Melinda Benkő is Associate Professor and Head, Department of Urban Planning and Design, Faculty of Architecture, Budapest University of Technology and Economics Changing social and built environment of large housing estages in Budapest Abstract: LÁSZLO BORHI László Borhi is Senior Research Fellow at the Institute of History of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. He is currently a Visiting Research Scholar at the Indiana University Department of Central Eurasian Studies. Borhi was visiting faculty at the University of Pécs, Eötvős Loránd University, Budapest, and Dartmouth College, guest researcher in a number of international institutions including the Woodrow Wilson Center and the Norwegian Nobel Institute. His publications include Hungary in the Cold War – Between the Soviet Union and the United States, 1945-1956 published by CEU Press. In 2006 he was awarded the Gold Cross of Merit of the Hungarian Republic. Hungary in the 20th Century Abstract: JAMSHEED K. CHOKSY Jamsheed K. Choksy is Professor and Chair of the Indiana University Department of Central Eurasian Studies, Professor of History, Ancient Studies, India Studies, Medieval Studies and Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies. From 2008-2014 he served on the US National Council on the Humanities which oversees the National Endowment for the Humanities. His research broadly covers the development of societies, especially sectarian communities, in Central Asia, the Near East, and South Asia studied through interdisciplinary approaches involving history, religious studies, international affairs, politics, anthropology, archeology, language, literature, and numismatics. His specific focus is Iranian and Persian Studies, Indian subcontinental studies, Zoroastrianism, Islam, and Manichaeism. LÁSZLO CSÁK Lászlo Csák, Babeş-Bolyai University, Kolozsvár/Cluj, Romania, Hungarian Society of Urban Planning, and Director, CDC Consulting. Long term challenges of Romanian urban network: planning for regions with different background Abstract: ADRIENNE CSIZMADY Adrienne Csizmady is Senior Research Fellow and Head of Research Department, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Institute for Sociology Department for Social Integration and Social Policy, and Associate Professor, Department of Empirical Research, Centre for Urban and Regional Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Eötvős Loránd University, Budapest. Her research interests include social problems of large housing estates, social segregation, urban poverty, social consequences of urban renewal, culture and heritage, and sustainable social environment. Living in gentrified areas in Budapest Abstract: Inner city areas that went through disinvestment in the past now are often treated by renewal efforts of the state or the local authorities. Market-led new investments often occurred in these areas as well to realise the potential profit. These new investments also change the social status of inner cities causing social conflicts. This reinvestment in the inner city and the social consequences are often labelled as gentrification. We examine the inner city of Pest. There are many factors present on the supply for gentrification. Ornamented houses built at the turn of the19th - 20th century, the special milieu of the courts are consistent with the aesthetics of gentrification. The architecture of the houses is adaptable for flourishing commercial and service industry in the spaces of the ground level. The streets are narrow and dingy with a special romantic feeling. Even artists arrived at some neighbourhoods with their autonomous projects or initiatives with more supporting money and a more commercial approach. There is also a significant risk in the situation. The presentation will focus on the factors and risks of the gentrification. KRISZTINA FEHÉRVÁRY Krisztina Fehérváry is a cultural anthropologist in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Her work focuses on the relationship between politics and material culture in east Europe, particularly the role that the built environment and consumer culture have played in shaping political subjectivities during the socialist period and in the decades since. Recent publications include the article “Goods and States” in Comparative Study of Society and History and a forthcoming article on the role of the new family house in shaping an emerging Hungarian middle class in City and Society. Natural Materials and Nationalist Aethetics in Hungary Abstract: LEE FEINSTEIN Lee Feinstein, Dean for the Indiana University School of Gobal and International Studies in the College of Arts and Sciences, holds a J.D. degree from Georgetown University Law Center. His experience includes more than two decades serving in high-level positions in diplomacy and foreign affairs, including US ambassador to the Republic of Poland from 2009-2012. He served two secretaries of state and a secretary of defense and has worked at the nation’s top research institutes, including the Council on Foreign Relations and the Brookings Institution. Feinstein was national security director to former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton during her 2008 presidential campain and then served as a senior foreign policy advisor to President Barack Obama during the general election. He was principal deputy director of policy planning to Secretary of State Madeleine Albright and was previously senior advisor on peacekeeping policy in the Office of the Secretary of Defense. Feinstein has written widely on foreign policy and national security. PÁL HATOS Pál Hatos graduated from the Eötvös Lóránd University of Budapest (ELTE) in History, and also holds an MA in Literature and in Law. He has a Ph.D in History. He studied as research fellow at the University of Geneva, the Institut Protestant de Montpellier and the Sorbonne, Paris. Hatos began his carrier as secondary school teacher and has been teaching at ELTE University since 1998. He has been twice visiting professor and the holder of the György Ránki Hungarian Chair at Indiana University, Bloomington IN. He has published widely on European and Hungarian intellectual history of the 19th-20th century. Besides his scientific activity he has worked as legal adviser at the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Hungary and as Head of Department of the Ministry of Education. He was the Director of the Office of Hungarian Scholarship Board for five years (2002-2007) and served as the Chancellor of the Moholy-Nagy University of Art and Design, Budapest from 2006 to 2010. Between July 2010 and November 2014 Hatos led the Balassi Institute, the top Hungarian organisation of international cultural exchange and was elected as second vice president of the Network of European Union National Institutes for Culture (EUNIC) in July 2014. The concept of „Calvinist Rome:” Religious investment in identity politics in two 19th century European cities Abstract: The internationally known Swiss city of Geneva and the much lesser known East Hungarian provincial centre of Debrecen have their very diverse histories, but one thing in common: both cities used to proudly display their Calvinist heritage, especially in the late 19th century. Besides that Geneva was the birthplace of Calvinist Reformation in the 16th century and Debrecen was the stronghold of Hungarian Protestantism from the 16th to the 20th century, it happened that both cities went through the conflictual experience of incoming migration with heterogeneous denominational backgrounds in the second half of the 19th century. As part of their reaction to a quickly evolving urban transformation with significant cultural change, the instrumentalisation of their religious heritage bound to civic virtues was closely connected to the multifaceted process of the so-called „invention of tradition” – a general phenomenon in 19th century European nationalisms with its repercussions to city life and identity, too. In my contribution I will address these issues by exploring the similarities and differences of the two cases in study. LYNN HOOKER Lynn Hooker is Associate Professor of Hungarian Studies at Indiana University, with adjunct appointments in the Departments of Musicology and Folklore/Ethnomusicology. She earned her M.A. and Ph.D from the University of Chicago. Her book Redefining Hungarian Music from Liszt to Bartók was published by Oxford University Press in 2013. After beginning her scholarly career working on the history of music and culture through historical documents, she began in 2000 doing systematic fieldwork in both Europe and North America in Hungarian folk and popular music scenes, focusing on the role of Romani performers. At Indiana, she teaches courses on Hungarian, East-Central European, and Roma music and culture. She spent spring 2012 in Hungary, supported by a Fulbright Research Fellowship, doing oral history interviews and archival research on the changing environment for “Gypsy music” in Hungary in the socialist and post-socialist periods - research that continues today. From café to stage to museum: The transformation of the Gypsy music industry in 20th Century Budapest Abstract: SÁNDOR HORVÁTH Sándor Horváth is a senior research fellow and the head of Department for Contemporary History at the Institute of History, Research Centre for the Humanities, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and he is an editor of the Hungarian Historical Review (www.hunghist.org). His research interests include social and cultural history of the twentiethcentury, everyday life, social identities, youth history, socialist cities, social policy and collaboration with the Communist regimes. His latest articles in peer-reviewed international journals were published in Journal of Social History and in Journal of East Central Europe. His list of publications includes four monographs with the forthcoming “Stalinism Reloaded: Everyday Stalincity in Hungary, 1950-1960”. Ruralization of the Cities and the Communist Utopia (Sztálinváros, Budapest) Abstract: The Stalinist industrialization campaign – which in some East Central European countries lasted less than a decade – was blamed for the problems deriving from this period for almost forty years. De-Stalinization saw a new wave of calls for a communist social reform. At the end of the 1950s it was common for local administrations to point to the ruralization of the cities and the social problems arising from it in order to receive more investment for infrastructure and housing. This cemented the perception that ruralization was a local social policy problem. I argue by analyzing the representations of “ruralization” in Sztálinváros (1950s) and in Budapest (1960s) that this narrative of cities in East Central Europe stemmed from narratives of de-Stalinization that tried to represent the new regime as a modernist one. BÉLA JANKY Béla Janky is an associate professor at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics and a senior research fellow at the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. His current research interests include rational choice analysis of stereotypes, welfare preferences, ethnic diversity and solidarity; moreover media image of the poor and public opinion. He has also published on the Roma of Hungary and collective action theory. Janky held an Indiana University visiting appointment to do dissertation research as the 1998 Rezler Gyula Fellow in the Department of Central Eurasian Studies. Social cohesion and interethnic trust in local communities Preliminary abstract (will change)… Abstract: Our analysis is based on a questionnaire survey on the determinants of social cohesion and interethnic relations in Hungarian local communities. The survey was carried out in 119 villages and small towns in four different regions of the country in 2012. Our results point to social status and geo-cultural background as major factors behind social cohesion and interethnic trust. Migration rate, on the other hand, plays a surprisingly minor role. The effect of fractionalization is moderate, and partly positive. This seems to be in contrast with earlier findings at the first sight. We argue, however, that it reflects some important region- and country-specific mechanisms. GYÖRGY KARA György Kara is Professor, Department of Central Eurasian Studies, Indiana University. He holds a Ph.D from ELTE Univeristy of Budapest, Candidate of Linguistics degree of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and Doctor of Philology degree from Leningrad State University. His research interests are in Mongol and Inner Asian studies: languages and cultures, including Old Turkic, Tibetan, Manchu, Evenki, Khitan and Altaic philology, history of writing systems, Altaic linguistics, Mongol literature and folklore. JÁNOS KOCSIS János B. Kocsis is the 2014-15 György Ránki Hungarian Chair Visiting Professor in the Department of Central Eurasian Studies, Indiana University, and Associate Professor, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, Budapest University of Technology and Economics Department of Sociology and Communication. He holds an MA in Urban History from the University of Leicester and an MA and Ph.D in Sociology from ELTE University of Budapest. He wrote articles and books on history and state of urban development of Budapest, housing, suburbanization and post-socialist socio-spatial processes in Central Europe. He also participated in various international research projects related to urban affairs. Patterns of urban development after 1989 around Budapest, Hungary Abstract: VIRÁG MOLNÁR Virág Molnár is Assistant Professor of Sociology at the New School for Social Research in New York, NY. Molnár received her PhD in Sociology from Princeton University. Her research explores the intersections of culture, politics, social change and knowledge production with special focus on urban culture and transformations of the built environment. She has written about the relationship between architecture and state formation in socialist and postsocialist Eastern Europe, the post-1989 reconstruction of Berlin, and the new housing landscape of postsocialist cities. Her book, Building the State: Architecture, Politics and State Formation in Postwar Central Europe, has been published by Routledge. Her work has also appeared in the American Sociological Review, Annual Review of Sociology, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, and Urban Studies. She has been a visiting fellow at the Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies and the Department of Sociology at Harvard University and at the Humboldt University in Berlin. She is currently examining the impact of new communications technologies on the urban public sphere through a comparative study of the street art scene in New York, Berlin and Budapest; the politics of urban rodent control; and the rise of radical populism in contemporary Hungary. Traveling Concepts and Repeated Urban Forms: Are there Gated Communities in PostSocialist Cities? Abstract: ROBERT NEMES Robert Nemes is Associate Professor of History at Colgate University in Hamilton, NY. He has a Ph.D in History from Columbia University, where he studied with István Deák. Nemes is the author of The Once and Future Budapest (Northern Illinois, 2005), a monograph on nationalism and urbanism in nineteenth century Hungary. His research examines the intersection of politics, religion, and violence in provincial Hungary between the 1850s and the 1920s, Modern Central and East European history, cities, and nationalism. Rivers, Railroads, and Provincial Cities, 1880-1900 Abstract: How did the nineteenth century’s great infrastructural projects – railroad building and river regulation – affect small cities in provincial Hungary? Using Szatmár-Németi (Satu Mare) and Nagy-Károly (Carei) as case studies, this paper will examine how railroads and river regulation contributed to urbanization and modernization in small towns and cities. But it will also show how these same projects awakened the fears of local elites about economic stagnation, social problems, and public health. PATRICK O’MEARA Patrick O’Meara is Professor, School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Vice President Emeritus, and Special Advisor to the President, Indiana University. He served many years as Dean of International Programs and Vice President of International Affiars, Indiana University. The President of the Republic of Hungary awarded O’Meara the Gold Cross of Merit of the Republic of Hungary in 2007. BRIAN POWELL Brian Powell is James H. Rudy Professor, Department Chair, and Co-Director of the Preparing Future Faculty program at the Department of Sociology. His research interests have focused on family sociology, sociology of education, gender, and social psychology. With grants from the National Science Foundation, American Education Research Association, and the Spencer Foundation, Brian has examined how families confer advantages (or disadvantages) to their children and how structural and compositional features of families (e.g., parental age, family size, birth order, one vs. two-parent households, inter-racial composition, adoptive vs. biological parents) influence parental social, intellectual and economic investments in children. He is especially interested in several increasingly visible groups of "atypical" family forms: families with older parents, bi/multiracial families, adoptive families and gay/lesbian families. TOIVO U. RAUN Toivo U. Raun is Professor of Central Eurasian Studies and Adjunct Professor of History at Indiana University, Bloomington. He received his Ph.D from Princeton University and is a past president of the Association for the Advancement of Baltic Studies. His research inerests are in Modern Baltic and Finnish history, including cultural survival and national identity and the rise and impact of literacy in the Baltic region. He is the author of Estonia and the Estonians (updated 2nd ed., 2001) and co-editor of Soviet Deportations in Estonia: Impact and Legacy (2007), and he has published numerous studies on Baltic and Finnish history in the following journals: Slavic Review, Slavonic and East European Review, Journal of Baltic Studies, Zeitschrift für Ostforschung, Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas, Journal of Soviet Nationalities, Nationalities Papers, Nations and Nationalism, East European Politics and Societies, and Acta Historica Tallinnensia. Riga and Tallinn in the Late Tsarist Era: Multiethnicity and Social and Political Change Abstract: GERGELY ROMSICS Gergely Romsics is assistant professor at ELTE University of Budapest, currently on leave, working as the director of the Hungarian Cultural Center in New York, while a visiting scholar at the Harriman Institute at Columbia University. His research interests include the history of political ideas and collective memory in Central Europe in the first half of the 20th century and the (Central) European precursors to modern theories of international relations. The city as battleground: The völkisch agenda and Central Europe’s cityscapes Abstract: The city as a metaphor of various aspects of late modernity emerged prominently in the 1920s across a variety of artistic and literary genres and acquired an important place in the imaginaries of the contemporaries thanks to works like Berlin, Alexanderplatz by Alfred Döblin and Metropolis by Fritz Lang. These representations of city life are regarded as foundational in the history of discourses of 20th century alienation, mass society, late and post-industrialist development, inter alia. What has all but become forgotten, however, is the parallel völkisch and conservative revolutionary set of representations of the same subject matter that focussed on the European city as a battleground of the Volk’s will, drive to conquer and unfold in any environment it inhabits. In the Central European context, this fundamental tenet translated into the practical (i.e. directly political) task of mapping successes and failures of German cultural self-representations in various cityscapes. As all movements of „völkisch energy”, this dynamic could be interpreted through the master metaphor of the ebb and flow of the ability of a Volk to colonize space. This narrative remained, at the same time, fundamentally ahistorical, with an essentialized subjectivity (the soul of the Volk or Volksseele) seeking to make an imprint on space and claim it through this gesture. This paper seeks to reconstruct the role and function of the city as the battleground where the Volk struggles to represent itself in völkisch ideology in the interwar period, notably in German and Austrian discourses. Following this reconstruction, it proceeds to contrast the late Weimar and other greater German ethnoessentialist theorizing about the city with the diametrically opposed concepts of urbanity and cityscapes found in various historicist accounts which considered the city the ever-changing expression of historically conditioned identities. BENCE SÁGVÁRI Bence Ságvári is 2014-15 Hungarian Fulbright Visiting Professor in the Department of Central Eurasian Studies, Indiana University, and Research Associate at the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Social Science Research Center where he was Head of Department. He holds a Ph.D from Eötvös Loránd University of Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences. Publications include; The creative economy. Hungary and Europe in the creative age. (with T. Dessewffy, 2006), Spatial and temporal changes of the creative workforce in Hungary (with B. Poland 2008), and Relating online practices, negative experiences and coping strategies. In Children, risk and safety online (with A. Galacz, 2012). Ságvári held an Indiana University visiting appointment to do dissertation research as the 2004 Rezler Gyula Fellow in the Department of Central Eurasian Studies. Myth and reality of the ’creative city’ in Hungary Abstract: GÉZA SALAMIN Géza Salamin, The Central Bank of Hungary and Hungarian Society for Urban Planning. Publications include Issues of Territoriality and Territorial Cohesion in the Revision of the TSP and the Territorial Agenda – A Sort of Connection Between Geography and Regional Policy. Forum geografic, IX(9) (with A. Sütő, A. and P. Szabó, 2010). Economic, demographic and territorial development trends influencing development of cities and regions in Europe, with special reference to Hungary Abstract: DÁVID SINGER Dávid Singer is First Secretary, Cultural Affairs, Embassy of the Republic of Hungary, Washington, D.C. REBECCA SPANG Rebecca Spang, Ph.D Cornell University, is Acting Director of the Indiana University Institute for European Studies, Director of the Center for Eighteenth-Century Studies, and Associate Professor, Department of History. She is a historian of eighteenth- and nineteenth- century Europe who has concentrated primarily on the interaction of politics, culture, and consumption. Deeply committed to archival research, she nonetheless finds it crucial to maintain an active interest in cultural and critical theory. She is a member of the History Workshop Journal Editorial Collective. ERIKA SZÍVÓS Erika Szívós is Associate Professor, Institute of History, Department of Economic and Social History, Eötvős Loránd University, Budapest. She holds a PhD in History from Debrecen University and MA degrees in History, English Literature and Linguistics from Eötvős Loránd University, Budapest. Political Change, Social Transformation, and the Possibilities of Revival in the ’Old Jewish Quarter’ of Budapest in the 20-21st Century Abstract: VALÉRIA VARGA Valéria Varga is Senior Lecturer for Hungarian Language in the Department of Central Eurasian Studies, Indiana University. She holds MA degrees in English Language and Literature, Hungarian Language and Literature, and Russian Language and Literature from Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest. Her research interests include teaching Hungarian as a foreign language and English-Hungarian bilingual education.