le cas de Laval / Marie-Christine Bellemare et Beatrix
Transcription
le cas de Laval / Marie-Christine Bellemare et Beatrix
Cities and biodiversity: antagonism or synergy? QCBS – March 19th 2015 The Laval Streams Biodiversity Project : Ecological dynamics in urban streams Marie-Christine Bellemare, Biol. M.Sc., CRE de Laval Outline • The city of Laval, a case study • The urban stream syndrome • A new model of project management • Ongoing projects Gascon stream Paradis stream Laval: an example of rapid urbanization Laurentides Population 2013 : 410 000 Population 2030 : ±500 000 Parking lots : 4 % Protected areas : < 1% Loss of 50% of wetlands since 2004 in the white area Sources : Ville de Laval, BDTQ Montréal Urban stressors • • • • Extreme flow regimes Pollution by urban runoff Channel homogenization Reduced biodiversity Papineau-Lavoie stream De la Pinière stream De la Pinière stream 1Paul and Meyer, 2001 Drivers of the urban stream syndrome ▫ Land use & imperviousness in catchment ▫ Dysfunctional riparian zone Stormwater management issues 40 % 25 % 30 % 10 % 55 % 10 % Walsh et al.,2004; EPA, 2003 Drivers of the urban stream syndrome ▫ Land use & imperviousness in catchment ▫ Dysfunctional riparian zone Urban land cover management practices & policies 40 % 25 % 30 % 10 % 55 % 10 % Walsh et al.,2004; EPA, 2003 Urban land cover management practices & policies Contribution of conservation biology and urban ecology is limited Discussion & management of natural environments Urban land cover management practices & policies Scientific data acquisition & research Discussion & management of natural environments Urban land cover management practices & policies Scientific data acquisition & research Orconectes virilis Esox lucius Gascon stream Aquatic ecosystem services • Natural ecological corridors • Water management • Social and cultural benefits Paradis stream Daylighting urban streams Cheonggyecheon stream in Seoul, South Korea, daylighted from sewers in 2003. Image: Kaizer Rangwala, Flickr. Source : www.freshwaterblog.net Our project in Laval Sources : Ville de Laval, BDTQ Our project in Laval : Objectives 1. Evaluating degradation using biological and physical indicators; 2. Developing new methods and decision-making tools for conservation and restoration; 3. Accomplishing wildlife and water management projects; 4. Providing scientific monitoring; Main drivers associated with urbanization and benthic macro invertebrate communities response in Laval Laurent Fraser, M.Sc. ongoing project Barnabé Kiepura (B.Sc. student) and Laurent Fraser (M.Sc. student) collecting benthos samples in Gascon stream. Urban streams in the conservation of fish species of Mille-Îles and des Prairies rivers • Evaluating the effect of urbanized channels on reproduction and hatching fish habitat • Using hydrological and biological mitigation to improve habitat quality • Promoting the practice of activities (ex.: fishing) Jan Franssen, Assistant Professor - Department of Geography Lepomis gibossus New molecular approaches to biodiversity assessment and the maintenance of aquatic ecosystem services in urban habitats • Using environmental DNA (eDNA) to detect target species and biodiversity estimations • Optimizing this method for use by decision-makers ▫ Enabling the early detection of undesirable exotic invasive species ▫ Reducing costs associated with wildlife management Catherine Mounier, Professor – Department of Biological Sciences Marilyne Robidoux Also an opportunity to … 1. Mobilise actors from various disciplines ▫ Universities ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Municipalities Local organizations Fondations Ministries Laval commmunity Develop an expertise Acquire data for land management Contribute to research and development Coach students in this field of activity Introduce the general population to urban streams Collaborators CRE: Guy Garand, General manager UQAM : Beatrix Beisner, Professor, Catherine Mounier Professor, Felipe Casasanta, Charlie Dumais, Laurent Fraser, Barnabé Kiepura et Roxanne Richard; Students Katherine Velghe et Marilyne Robidoux, Research agent Claire Vanier, Service aux collectivités; U de M: Jan Franssen, Professor. MFFP : Étienne Drouin, Marie-Hélène Fraser, Mélissa Lamoureux; Fondation de la faune du Québec : Claude Grondin, Geneviève Lacroix et Geneviève Roy; Ville de Laval : Luc Landreville, Martine Lanoue, Scarlett Van Blaeren;