Gun Barrels DoD Metal Plating Workshop

Transcription

Gun Barrels
DoD Metal Plating Workshop
“Products That Radically Redefine Warfare, Enabling the American Warfighter to Dominate the Battlefield”
22 May 2006
Michael Audino
Benet Laboratories
US Army Armaments RDE Center
RDECOM
DSN 374-5740, 518-266-5740
ARDEC
ARMY LARGE CALIBER
ARMAMENT SYSTEMS
155mm M109A6
PALADIN
81mm M253
120mm
M298
120mm M1A2 ABRAMS
60mm
M225
155mm XM777
120mm FCS-MCS
155mm
FCS-NLOS-C
155mmM199
105mm M119
“Provide Innovative Armaments Solutions for Today and Tomorrow”
81mm/120mm
M29A1/M298
Carrier-mounted
Mortars
ARDEC
1
ARMY LARGE CAL ARMAMENT SYSTEMS
Gun Barrels
Gun
Type
Weapon
System
Gun
Mfr’er
System
Mfr’er/Assy
Cr-Plating
GD
BAE, NA
RIA
RIA
PM-Mortars
PM-Mortars
PM-Mortars
PM-Mortars
Chamber & Bore
Chamber, Split & Inner Rings, Spindle
Elevation-Traverse Mechs
Elevation-Traverse Mechs
Elevation-Traverse Mechs / Bi-Pod
Elevation-Traverse Mechs / Bi-Pod
GD
BAE, NA
BAE, NA
BAE, UK
Chamber & Bore
TBD
___________.
Fielded Systems
120mm M256
155mm M284
155mm M199
105mm M20
120mm M298
81mm M29A1
81mm M253
60mm M225
M1A2 Main Battle Tank
WVA
M109A6 SP Howitzer
WVA
M198 Towed Howitzer
WVA
M119 Towed Howitzer
WVA
M120 Towed / M121 (1064 APC) WVA
M29A1 / M125 APC
WVA
M252 Ext. Range Mortar
WVA
M224 Light Company Mortar WVA
Systems Under Development
120mm XM360
155mm XM324
120mm XM325
155mm M776
FCS-MCS
FCS-NLOS-C
FCS-NLOS-M
M777 Towed Howitzer
WVA
WVA
TBD
WVA
Chrome Plating is also used at WVA for repair/build-up of damaged/out-of-spec large caliber cannon components
Cadmium is not used in Army Large Caliber Cannon Assemblies (except fasteners)
ARDEC
2
Nomenclature
Breech
Assembly
Gun Mount
Assembly
120mm XM 360 Gun and Mount Assy
for the FCS Mounted Combat System
Gun Tube
Muzzle
Brake
120mm M256 Gun
and M1 Mount Assy
for the M1A2 tank
ARDEC
3
LARGE CALIBER CANNON ASSEMBLY
Nomenclature
Barrel
Bore Evacuator
(Turreted Cannon only)
Muzzle Brakes
(All Howitzer Cannon
& some future guns)
Breech Ring Assembly
• Breech Ring
• Breech Block
• Spindle Assy, etc
Cannon Nomenclature
• Howitzers (indirect fire)
• Guns (direct fire)
• Mortars (indirect fire)
ARDEC
4
Gun Mounts/Carriages
Weapon
System
Weapon Sys
Mfr’er/Assy
Mount
ID Cr-Plated Component
M1A2 Main Battle Tank
GD
M1
M109A6 SP Howitzer
BAE, NA
M182
M198 Towed Howitzer
RIA
M45
Piston Assy, P/N 12007613 Jerry Nesbitt, RIA, DSN793-5786
Rail, P/N 12007805
Sleeve, P/N 12009042
M119 Towed Howitzer
RIA
M119
TBD
POC
.
Fielded Systems
Piston, P/N 12304670
Mike Soja, Benet Labs, DSN374-5740
Dan Geist, RIA, DSN793-3399
Chuck Shoot, RIA, DSN793-3248
FCS-MCS
GD
Cyl. Body, P/N BL-44042
Mike Soja, Benet Labs, DSN374-5740
Cyl. Recup, P/N BL44078
Throttling Sleeve, P/N BL-44081
Rod, P/N BL-44080
FCS-NLOS-C
BAE, NA
None
Vic Lindbolm, BAE, 763-572-7127
FCS-NLOS-M
BAE, NA
None
Vic Lindbolm, BAE, 763-572-7127
M777 Towed Howitzer
BAE, UK
TBD
Cr- Plating is used (per DMWRs) for the repair/build-up of damaged/out-of-spec gun mount/carriage components
ARDEC
5
NAVY LARGE CALIBER
ARMAMENT SYSTEMS
Gun
Type
Weapon
System
Gun
Mfr’er
Cr-Plating
Fielded Systems
76mm Mk75
5” Mk45 (54 cal)
5” Mk45 Mod4 (62 cal)
Perry-Class Frigate
BAE, NA
Ticonderoga, Burke, Spruance-class ships BAE, NA
Ticonderoga, Burke-class ships
BAE, NA
Mk33 Liner Chamber & Bore
Chamber & Bore
Chamber & Bore
155mm AGS
DD-X Destroyer
76mm Mk75 Gun
BAE, NA
5” Mk45 Gun
Not Gun Bore, other areas ??
155mm AGS
ARDEC
6
Tri-SERVICE MEDIUM CALIBER
ARMAMENT SYSTEMS
CALIBER
(mm)
20mm
GUN
BARREL
ARMAMENT
SYSTEM
WEAPON SYSTEM
WEAPON SYSTEM NAME
Vulcan
F/A-18, F-15, F-16, F-22A, F-14A/B/D
Hornet, Eagle, Falcon, Raptor,
Tomcat Fighting Aircraft
3-Barrel
Gatling Gun
AH-1W
Super Cobra Helicopter
Kitty Hawk, Nimitz, Ticonderoga,
Spruance, Burke, Perry, Wasp, Tarawaclass ships
Carriers, Cruisers, Destroyers,
Frigates, Landing and Amph.
Assault Ships
RAH-66
Comanche Helicopter
F-35, AV-8B, AC-130H/U
Joint Strike Fighter, Harrier,
Gunship
GAU-4
20 mm
M61A1
Mk15,
Phalanx
CIWS
20 mm
XM-301
3-Barrel
Gatling Gun
25 mm
GAU-12
25 mm
M242
Bushmaster
M2/M3, LAV-25, Ticonderoga, Perry,
Cyclone, & San Antonio-class ships
Bradley FV, LAV, Cruiser, Frigate,
Coastal Patrol, Docking Ship
30 mm
GAU-8/A
7-Barrel
Gatling Gun
A-10
Thunderbolt II Air Support Aircraft
30 mm
M230
Chain Gun
AH-64
Apache Helicopter
30 mm
Mk44
Bushmaster II
EFV, LPD-17, MH-53E. AC130
Amph Assault Vehicle, Amph. Ship,
Helicopter, Gunship
• Approx. 40,000 units will be produced between 2004-2013
• Production of medium caliber guns resides in the private sector (GD, ATK, etc)
ARDEC
7
ARMY 120mm GUN BARREL
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Autofrettage
Rotary
Forge
Billet
Inspection
Ship
Heat Treat
Chrome Plate
Rough
Machining
Finish
Machining
Post-Autofrettage
Thermal Soak
Fielding
Rotary Forging
Machining
Chrome Plating
ARDEC
8
PRODUCTION CHROME PLATING
Large Caliber Gun Barrels
Solvent
Cleaning
Gun Barrel
Wipe
Test
Acetone
Cleaning
Water
Immersion
1st Electro-clean
Water
Rinse
Initial Cleaning
Sodium Hydroxide
Electro-cleaning
Water
Rinse
Water
Rinse
Reverse
Etch
Cr
Plate
Air
Drain
Water
Rinse #1
Hydrogen
Relief
Water
Immersion
2st Electro-clean
Sodium Hydroxide
Electro-polish
Sulphuric Acid
Phosphoric Acid
Water
Rinse #2
Vertical
Cool Down
Caustic
Clean
Water
Rinse
Water
Rinse
Plated Gun
Barrel
Electro-polishing
Chrome Plating
Thermal Treatment
ARDEC
9
NEW PEL REQUIREMENTS
• The new standard lowers OSHA's permissible exposure limit (PEL) for
hexavalent chromium, and for all Cr(VI) compounds, from 52 to 5 micrograms
of Cr(VI) per cubic meter of air as an 8-hour time- weighted average.
• Hexavalent chromium compounds are widely used in the chemical industry
as ingredients and catalysts in pigments, metal plating and chemical
synthesis. Cr(VI) can also be produced when welding on stainless steel or
Cr(VI)-painted surfaces.
• Major health effects associated with exposure to Cr(VI) include:
• lung cancer
• nasal septum ulcerations and perforations
• skin ulcerations
• allergic and irritant contact dermatitis
From 52 to 5 micrograms of Cr(VI) per cubic meter of air as an 8-hour time- weighted average
ARDEC
10
WHY LARGE CALIBER GUNS
USE CHROME PLATING
BARREL
CONDEMNATION
(RNDS)
Direct Fire Guns
2000
1600
Technology Gap
1400
1200
1000
800
105mm M833
120mm M865
105mm M833 HOT
120mm M829A1
120mm M829A2
600
400
120mm M829
105mm M900 HOT
LOS / BLOS Mix
FCS-Mounted
Combat System
Goal Per ORD
INCREASING MUZZLE ENERGIES
1800
120mm M829A2 HOT
200
120mm M829A3 w/modified mix
120mm M829A2
0
NO BORE PROTECTION
CHROME PLATE
Rejected
Candidate
Propellant
NEW TECHNOLOGY
For FCS
ARDEC
11
GUN BARREL DEGRADATION
Classic Erosion Defined
• HC Chrome is produced in an “as cracked”
condition offering path to substrate
• HC Cr contaminants off-gas causing further
material volume shrinkage and stress-relief cracking
101
771
M829 rounds
Total rounds
39
214
Rejected candidate M829E3
Total rounds
ABRAMS 120mm GUN BARREL
Cr flaking
Chrome Plating at
bore surface
Raw melting
and
gas wash
• Combustion products:
• Penetrate cracks
• Alter steel substrate phase
• Convert substrate surface to carbides & oxides
• Lowers MP of substrate surface
• Gas wash:
• Removes lower MP substrate surface
• Erodes Cr foundation (compromised adherence)
• Departing Cr exposes more substrate to high
Substrate surface converts velocity gas wash and further erosion
to carbides & oxides
Gun barrel substrate (Steel)
ARDEC
12
LARGE CALIBER GUN BARREL STRENGTH
100
Residual stress retained following 2
hr furnace heating of 120mm M256
gun barrels
50% swage
80
75% swage
60
T Limit
Stress Retained; %
Coating Process Temperature Limitations
40
20
0
500
600
700
800
900
Annealing Temperature;
o
1000
1100
F
Swage Autofrettage
Yield Strength, Static and Dynamic, ksi
M256
Temp, F
600
700
800
900
1000
% Ret.
100
81
57
31
0
1120 static
1220 dynamic
Bore
Cycles
Stress
4960
1190
4120
1310
3320
1470
2680
1640
---
1200 static
1300 dynamic
Bore
Cycles
Stress
6110
1070
4970
1190
3930
1340
3110
1520
---
1300 static
1400 dynamic
Bore
Cycles
Stress
7870
940
6220
1060
4790
1210
3710
1380
---
Autofrettage allows gun barrels to be lighter and stronger
ARDEC
13
GUN BARREL COATING REQUIREMENTS
Material & Deposition Process Requirements
MATERIAL CHARACTERISTIC
CRITERIA
Melting Point
Cr (1875 C) or better
Elastic Modulus
Compatible with substrate (facilitates low surface crack densities)
YS at Elevated Temps
High
Fracture Toughness
High
Hot Hardness
High (appropriate)
Chemical Resistance
High
Coefficient of Thermal Exp.
Compatible with substrate
Thermal Conductivity
Low
Reaction w/ Rotating Band
Inert
Phase Transformations
None
PROCESS CHARACTERISTIC
CRITERIA
Deposition Temperature
Less than 357C (post autofrettage thermal soak limit – Lg Cal ONLY)
Deposit Rate
1 mil of coating material per hour
Surface Finish
Equal or better than 32 RMS at deposition
Deposition Length
58 Calibers or greater (Lg Cal ONLY)
Hazardous Impacts
None or limited
ARDEC
14
REPLACEMENT COATING
MATERIAL SELECTION
Metals
Transition
Metals
Refractory
Metals
E mismatch
(too high)
Non-metals
No
structural
significance
Slightly more
reactive than Ta
Tantalum and tantalum alloys
Rh,Ru,
Ru,Tc,
Tc,Hf,
Hf,Nb,
Nb,Mo,
Mo,Ta,
Ta,W,
W,Re,
Re,Os,
Os,&&IrIrexceed
exceedMP
MPofofCr
Cr
Rh,
ARDEC
15
DEPOSITION PROCESS SELECTION
for Large Caliber Guns
PROCESSES
MAJOR FUNCTIONAL
REQUIREMENTS
Electrodeposition via
Molten Salts
Plasma
Spray
Ion-based
CVD Processes
Autofrettage Stresses Protected (Lg Cal ONLY)
No Post-process Surface Finish Req
X
Acceptable Deposition Rate
X
X
Proper Process Aspect Ratio
Electroplated
Chrome
Magnetron
Sputtering
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
TBD
X
Explosive
Bonding
X
X
Accept Dim. and Densities over 50 cal (Lg Cal Only)
Acceptable Adhesion
X
Accommodates Rifled Barrels
X
X
X
Dry Process
X
Eliminate Hazardous Materials
X
Eliminate Air / Water Contamination
X
X
X
X
X
X
TBD
X
X
TBD
X
ARDEC
16
MAJOR EXISTING PROGRAMS
Chromium Replacement in Cannon
The Army and the Navy are both focusing their Chrome
Replacement/Life Extension programs for guns on:
Magnetron Sputtering
Explosive Cladding
• Army Programs
• ManTech #00-01: Cannon Life Extension via Magnetron Sputtering Technology (120mm)
• SERDP #1426: Chromium Replacement in Medium Caliber Guns (25mm)
• Navy Programs
• Future Naval Capabilities Program: Advanced Gun System (AGS) (155mm)
Program
System
FY05
FY06
FY07
ManTech #00-01
Lg Cal-direct fire
$1.60M
$3.00M
$1.00M
SERDP #1426
Med Cal
$0.65M
$0.70M
$0.55M
Navy AGS
Lg Cal-indirect fire
???
???
???
ARDEC
17
LARGE CALIBER CHROME REPLACEMENT
Magnetron Sputtering (Army)
Rectifier
Upper Vacuum
Stack
Control Room
Sputtering
Platform
Abrams, LOS/BLOS
Gun Barrels
Lower Vacuum
Stack
Coupons
Full-Dia. Liners
Full-sized Barrels
ARDEC
18
STATUS OF TECHNICAL METRICS
CHARACTERISTIC
HC CHROME
PLATING
Goal for
SPUTTERING
Coating Morphology
Coating Phase
Zone 2
Single
Hardness
Thermal Shock Resistance
1100 Knoop
Poor
Zone 2
100% Alpha (Ta)
bcc (Cr)
300 Knoop
Excellent
Adhesion / Cohesion
Excellent
Distribution over Length
Distribution around ID
Deposition Rate
Coating Thickness
Surface Finish
Onset of Erosion
Weapon Service Erosion Life
.002 - .006 in.
.002 - .006 in.
.001 inches/hr
.002 - .006 in.
63 finish
100 VES shots
260 Rnds (M829A3)
VERIFICATION
TECHNIQUE
Microscopy
Microscopy
Microscopy
Microhardness
Pulsed Laser
Vent. Eros. Sim(VES)
Excellent
Groove Testing
VES (Ta)
Firing Tests
Less than .0005
Microscopy
Less than .0005
Microscopy
.001 inches/hr
Microscopy
.004 - .006 in.
Microscopy
32 or better
Visual
better
Visual / Microscopy
equiv (Envir)/400 (Perf.) Firing Tests
Last Firing Test – Liner 3A: 100 M829 Rounds, still serviceable
Next Firing Test – Liner 4B: Jun 06, numerous process improvements
CURRENT
STATUS
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
no
yes (80”)
yes
no (.00075)
yes
yes (16)
yes
in-process
(Process Rev Date: Apr 05)
(Process Rev Date: Mar 06)
ARDEC
19
REMAINING CHALLENGES
•
CHALLENGE
TECHNICAL APPROACH
ADHESION
* Improved vacuum system including improved out-gassing (bakeout) practice
* Pursuing ion bombardment (e.g. pulsed CMS, A/C) to remove interface impurities
* Exploiting thin film testing for rapid turnaround and adhesion optimization
* Improving plasma cleaning of target/substrate prior to deposition
* Investigate precision cleaning (e.g. DI water rinse, flash rust inhibitors, CO2 snow)
* Plasma cleaning with modified plasma cleaning device (PCD) shields
* Modified PCD to deposit CMS Cr seed layer
* Bias sputtering to deposit Ta directly on steel or biased interlayer
* Proper preservation of barrel test sections after WVA pre-processing steps before
insertion into CMS platform (e.g. cap with positive Ar pressure)
120mm Gun Liner 1 (2005)
120mm Gun Liner 3 (2005)
120mm Gun Liner 4B (2006)
• 61 Rounds (condemned)
• Lost 60% of coating
• Mix of Alpha/Beta Ta
• Low Adhesive Strength
• 100 Rounds (not condemned)
• Lost 15% of Coating
• All Beta Ta
• Better Adhesive Strength
• Firing in June
• All Alpha Ta
• Much Higher
Adhesive Strength
• Best In-House VES testing todate
Progress has been slower than desired but progress is
being made….need to maintain funding through completion
ARDEC
20
FUTURE INVESTMENT AREAS
Focus Area:
Justification:
Evaluation of a cold cathode on CMS performance
Currently use a hot cathode for CMS which is atypical in industry. Use of
a cold cathode will increase deposition rate, reduce coatings
contamination, and facilitate scale-up of CMS technology.
Cost:
$500K (R.O.M. est.)
__________________________________________________________________________________
Focus Area:
Justification:
Post Processing of CMS coatings to improve adhesion
To provide local heating to promote diffusion bonding and improved
adhesion
Cost:
$500-1000K (R.O.M. est.)
__________________________________________________________________________________
Focus Area:
Justification:
Cost:
Reactive chemical cleaning
To utilize low voltage hydrogen plasma chemical cleaning to mitigate
issues with recontamination of material from current plasma cleaning
technique, to improve adhesion, and to facilitate scale up of CMS process.
$300K (R.O.M. est.)
ARDEC
21
MEDIUM CALIBER CHROME REPLACEMENT
Explosive Cladding (Army)
Collision Angle, α
α
Final Donor
Tube Dia.
Detonation Products
Detonation
Velocity, Vd
Initial Donor
Tube Dia.
Donor Tube
Gun Barrel Substrate
Standoff
Plasma Jet
Donor Tube
Low Detonation Velocity
Explosive Formulation
Bond Interface
Plasma Jet Scrubs Surface
in Advance of Donor Tube
Explosive
Formulation
Vd = 1800 m/s
Vd = 2100 m/s
Vd = 2500 m/s
Vd = 2800 m/s
Gun Barrel
ARDEC
22
EXPLOSIVE CLADDING
Prior Work – SBIR Phase I & II
SBIR Objectives:
(1) Test the Erosion Resistance of Tantalum with Most Erosive Ammunition Available (XM919)
(2) Demonstrate Bond Strength of Cladded Bore Liners by Firing to Destruction
• Utilized Scrap Bushmaster Barrels
• Smoothbore Design: Focus on Erosion Resistance and Bond Strength
• No-Twist Rifled Design: Assure Proper Sabot Confinement/Functionality for M919 ammo
• XM919 (APFSDS-T) Lot No. ADJ91D365-002
• Original formulation that condemned
Bushmaster barrel in 229 rounds (1991)
• HES9053 Propellant - Flame Temp of 3692 K
• Cycle B Firing Schedule, 150 rounds/Cycle
IAW TECOM 1-WE-100-BUS-050
Tested March 26-31, 2001 at ATC
• Smoothbore Design
• Fired 1385 rounds
• No significant increase in dispersion
• Barrel still considered serviceable
• Rifled Design
• Fired 600 rounds
• No significant increase in dispersion
• Barrel still considered serviceable
• Did not exceed condemnation limit of
the BG10 barrel bore gage after 600
rounds
• Exhausted ammunition supply
• Baseline Barrel
• Nitrided Bushmaster barrel
• Condemned after 229 rounds
ARDEC
23
EXPLOSIVE CLADDING
Remaining Challenges from SBIR Effort
•
•
•
•
•
Increased hardness for rifling applications
Reduce / eliminate Adiabatic Shear
Reduce / eliminate Intermetallics
Manage interface characteristics
Wear Life
Rifling
Before Firing
Coating
Rifling
After Firing
Adiabatic Shear Band
(Untempered Martensite)
Steel
Coating
Brittle Intermetallic
at the interface
Cracks within
Intermetallic
Coating
Steel
Interface
Steel
ARDEC
24
LARGE CALIBER CHROME REPLACEMENT
Magnetron Sputtering (Navy)
45mm UDLP (now BAE)
Demonstrator
USN 76mm Mk 75 Gun
Demonstrator
155mm
FNC-AGS
FY04
FY06
FY09
76mm Down-Selection Test – Jun 06
Magnetron Sputtering vs. Explosive Cladding
ARDEC
25
ARMY STAKEHOLDERS
FOR Cr ELIMINATION IN GUN BARRELS
•
•
•
•
PM-FCS
PM-Lethality
PEO-Ammo
Army EQT
The most important stakeholder of these Cr-elimination
technologies is the production employees responsible for
applying coatings to gun barrels
ARDEC
26
CANNON BARREL TECHNOLOGY
System Application Graphic
120mm M256 Abrams
Sm
oo
thb
ore
Ba
Rif
rre
led
ls
Ba
rre
ls
120mm FCS-MCS
155mm FCS-NLOS-C
USN 155mm AGS
155mm XM777 Howitzer
Large Caliber Barrels
Autof
retta
Barre ged
ls
25mm Bushmaster/GAU-12 (Stryker)
30mm Mk 44 (FCS-ICV, USMC-AAAV)
Non-A
utofre
t
Barre taged
ls
Medium Caliber Barrels
One “shoe”
does not
fit all !
ARDEC
27
CONSIDERATIONS FOR
PROCESS SELECTION
Pros
Large Caliber
Cons
More room for process equipment
Usually autofrettaged, cannot
accommodate process temps >315C
Can accommodate higher process
temps
Limited room for certain processes and
equipment
Caliber
Medium Caliber
Cannot accommodate process temps
>315C
Autofrettaged
Residual Stress
Level
Non-Autofrettaged
Can accommodate higher process
temps
Cannot accommodate Line-of-Sight
processes, greater engraving force
requirements, dimensional uniformity a
challenge
Rifled
Bore
Configuration
Smoothbore
Little process limitations, no
engraving force requirements,
easier dimensional uniformity
ARDEC
28
Cr-REPLACEMENT IN ARMY
LARGE CALIBER ARMAMENTS
Roadmap
2-Yr
ESTCP ??
MANTECH 0001
Barrel Life Extension via Magnetron Sputtering
Production
Transitioned
Technology
To Lg Cal
SERDP PP1074
Green Gun Barrel
SERDP WP1426
Cladding
SBIR
MANTECH 0403
Explosive
Cladding
Durable Gun
Barrels
3-Yr
ESTCP ??
Prod.
Leveraged
w/SERDP
MOUNTS
And
CARRIAGES
MED CAL GUNS
LG CAL GUNS
FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12
ARDEC
29
SUMMARY
GUN BARRELS
• For the purpose of this effort, Armaments is defined at the Gun Barrel Assembly and the
Mount/Carriage Assembly. (Ammunition is being addressed separately)
• The primary and most widely-used bore protection technology currently used for DoD Large
and Medium Caliber GUNS is chromium plating
• 20 (+/-) fielded and proposed gun designs, mounted on 40 (+/-) weapons platforms use
chrome plating as bore protection
• On average, between 2,000 and 4,000 Cr-plated gun barrels are produced each year by DoD
• Both the Army and the Navy have separately down-selected to Magnetron Sputtering and
Explosive Cladding coating technologies
• Army
Lg Cal - Sputtering, Med Cal - Cladding
• Navy
Lg Cal - Both Sputtering and Cladding
MOUNTS
• Funding needs to continue to push gun technologies over final hurdles.
• Implementation of these technologies will completely eliminate the need for Cr-plating of gun
barrels
• GUN MOUNTS and CARRIAGES have a few OEM parts that use Cr-Plating. Many other M/C
parts employ Cr-plating in repair/build-up procedures allowed by the DMWRs
• Chrome replacement in Mount/Carriage production and rebuild is not being addressed.
ARDEC
30

Gun Barrels DoD Metal Plating Workshop

Transcription

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