2014 Report

AN
D
GAN
IZED C
RI
M
M ENT OF A
RT
N
PA
GGLING
E
MU
OR
-S
TI
Report on Fight Against
Organized Crime and
Anti-Smuggling
2014 Report
ANKARA - JULY 2015
DE
General Directorate of Security,
Department of Anti-Smuggling
and Organized Crimes
Necatibey Cad. No: 108, 06570
Çankaya / ANKARA
Tel: (+9) 0312 462 72 52
Fax: 0312 417 06 21
http://www.kom.pol.tr
KOM Publication Edition No: 118
Print: July 2015 Ankara
Publication Type: Periodical
EGM Catalogue No: 651
ISBN: 978-605-149-736-5
Print
Aydoğdu Ofset
Phone: 0312 395 81 44
Fax: 0312 395 81 45
www.aydogduofset.com
The recommended reference way of the
report:
KOM Presidency (2014). Smuggling and
Organized Crime 2014 Report,
KOM Publications: Ankara.
All publication rights belong to KOM
Presidency. The report cannot be reproduced
without authorization.
Working develops the physical strength of people and supplies things that
are required to live. Intellectual development and moral maturation are
not possible without working.
KOM 2014 Report III
Contents
IV
KOM 2014 Report
Contents
//
CHAPTER 1 Operational Activities
Page
Page
1
Fight against Narcotic Crimes
Page
49
81
Fight against Financial Crimes
Fight against Smuggling Crimes
Page
Page
29
73
Fight against Organized Crimes
Fight against Proceeds of Crime
CHAPTER 2 Training-International and Other Activities
Page
89
Turkish International Academy against Drugs and
Organized Crime (TADOC) Activities
Page
Page
103
Page
Page
121
97
Dog Training Centre (KEM) Activities
Turkish Monitoring Centre For Drugs and Drug
Addiction (TUBİM) Activities
111
International Activities
Strategic Research and Evaluation
KOM 2014 Report
V
//
Abbreviations
ABBREVIATIONS
AFCOS
: Anti-Corruption Coordination Unit
AÖF
: Open Education Faculty
AJO
BİDEM
: Afghanistan Justice Organization
: Computer Aided Education Centre
BİMER : Prime Ministry Contact Centre
BKA : Federal Police Department of Germany
CARICC
: Central Asian Regional Information and Coordination Centre
BSEC
CCPCJ
CEPOL
CICO
CNP
DEA
EC
ECO
EGM
: Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization
: Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice
: European Police College
: Spain Anti-Organized Crime Intelligence Centre
: National Police Department
: US Drug Enforcement Administration
: Council of Europe
: Organisation for Economic Co-operation
: General Directorate of Security
EMCDDA
: European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction
EU
: European Union
EPDK
: Energy Market Regulatory Authority
EUROPOL : European Police Office
EÜTS
: Electronic Toll Collection Systems
FRONTEX
: European Union Border Security Unit
EWS
GC
IAEA
INCB
: Early Warning Systems
: Spain Gendarmerie (Guardia Civil)
: International Atom and Energy Agency
: International Narcotics Control Group
INTERPOL : International Criminal Police Cooperation
KBRN
: Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Materials
KİHBİ
: Smuggling, Intelligence, Operations and Data Acquisition
KOM
: Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime
KEM
KKTC
: Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
MASAK
: Financial Crimes Investigation Board
MTSAS
: Motor Vehicle Driver Candidates Examination
NRC
: NATO-Russia Council
MEB
NCA
OLAF
VI
: Dog Training Centre
: Ministry of National Education
: UK National Crime Agency
: European Anti-Fraud Office
KOM 2014 Report
Abbreviations
OSCE
: Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe
ÖTV
: Special Consumption Tax
PCC-SEE
: Police Cooperation Convention for Southeast Europe
ÖSYM
SAK
SELEC
SGCPI
SUBCOM
TADOC
TAEK
TAIEX
: Measurement, Selection and Placement Centre
Matters in the Near and Middle East
: Strategic Research Council
: Southeast European Law Enforcement Centre
: Spain International Police Cooperation Department of the Ministry of Interior
: Sub-commission on Illicit Drug Traffic and Related
: Turkey Academy against Drugs and Organized Crime
: Turkey Atomic Energy Agency
: Technical Assistance Information Exchange Office
TBMM
: Grand National Assembly of Turkey
TOBB
: Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Turkey
TİKA
TUBİM
//
: Turkish International Cooperation and Coordination Agency
: Turkey Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction
UDYCO
: Spain General Directorate of Judicial Police Unit for Organized Crime and Drug Centre
UN
: United Nations
UNDP
: United Nations Development Program
UNCAC
UNODC
UTPJ
YOİKK
: United Nations Convention Against Corruption
: The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
: GC Judicial Police Unit
: Investment Environment Improvement Coordination Board
KOM 2014 Report VII
Minister’s Presentation
Organized crimes are crimes which injure confidence of individual, threat the structure of
society and make administration mechanisms unusable, deeply injure social structure and
interest, destroy state of law and abuse facilities of democracy.
In recent years, political instabilities as well as rapid economic, financial and technologic
developments have increased the radius of action of such crime organizations and led to
diffusion of crimes.
Fight against crime is one of the most important constitutional responsibilities and duties of
the state. The subject of ensuring social peace and maintaining public order is referred among
the primary duties of the state in constitution as “to ensure welfare, peace and happiness of
individuals and the society, to provide fundamental rights and liberties of individual”.
The obligation of protection of rule of law and human rights and liberties as a requirement of
democratic state of law reveals the necessity of fight against organized crimes.
It becomes more and more important to maintain the fight against crime organizations which
create social unrest and to ensure a safe environment where next generations healthily grow
up, citizens live in safety and peace, rights and liberties are freely exercised.
The Ministry of Interior devotedly perform all kinds of measures regarding the provision of the
security of life and property our citizens as a duty imposed by laws within the framework of
legal rules.
VIII KOM 2014 Report
Minister’s Presentation
//
In fight against organized crimes which covers numerous criminal activities such as drug
trafficking, trafficking of weapons and ammunition, migrant smuggling and human trafficking,
smuggling, etc., a successful fight has been co-ordinately carried out by Turkish National
Police, Turkish Gendarmerie General Command and Turkish Coast Guard Command, security
units under the Ministry.
Along with effective fight against organized crimes, so many projects which have social
dimension have been put into practise and human sensitivity is brought into the forefront.
“Protection Project for Victims of Human Trafficking” in fight against migrant smuggling has
been carried out in order to prevent migrants to be abused by crime organizations and to
minimize the victimization of them. On the other hand, “Narkotim project” has been put into
effect in order to prevent the individual and social effects of drugs, to keep our students and
youth away from narcotic drugs and harmful substances.
For effective fight against organized crimes, amendments in the concerning legislations
have been carried out, deterrent and heavy penalties and provisions have been added and
principled and decisive attitudes of Turkey against such crimes have been maintained with
agreements and additional protocols signed in the international arena.
The fight activities carried out by the KOM Department are discussed in this report in a detailed
way. The reasons behind the success in this fight are the prospective technologic hardware
support as well as decisive and determined works of our personnel.
Turkey, which is an important actor in terms of fight against global crimes, will keep acting
decisively in its fight against organized crimes as it has done so far.
Turkish police department which has attained great success in fight against crime will raise
the success level higher and will contribute to increase peace, security and welfare level of
Turkey.
I wish to take this opportunity to congratulate the great effort and sacrifice of all of our staff
members and wish the continuity of their success.
Sebahattin ÖZTÜRK
Minister of Interior
KOM 2014 Report IX
//
Köpek Eğitim Merkezi
Foreword
Today, organized criminal organizations’ professional activities without borders have brought
the security need, which has been one of the most important needs of humanity for centuries,
into the forefront. Fulfilling this need and providing more secure and peaceful living standards
for the citizens will only be possible with the provision of a high quality security service by
countries.
Criminal organizations aiming to reach the power and money in an illegitimate way have been
carrying out many illegal activities such as drug trafficking, arms and ammunition smuggling,
human trafficking and migrant smuggling, customs smuggling, counterfeiting, kidnapping,
forced check signing, serious fraud, corruption and crime revenue laundering.
In respect to the fight against crimes countries are obliged to withstand the criminal
organizations carrying out their activities also internationally without being limited to the
national borders and to co-operate each other effectively in a mutual and decisive way.
Success to be achieved in the fight against organized crimes is one of the requirements
of being a developed country. The experience gained in the fight against organized crimes
shows that without a common response to these crimes as the entire country; an effective and
lasting success is not possible against this crime which is a collective threat.
X
KOM 2014 Report
Foreword
//
Being able to succeed in this fight depends on the combination of the effort, intelligence and
courage of the sufficient number of expert members within a specific corporate structure in
direction of the common fight targets.
Even though organized crimes are one of the most challenging crimes with complex structure
and functionality compared to other crimes, the effort and determination of our staff members
are sublime while overcoming these challenges.
I must say with pleasure that The Department of Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime (KOM)
and the Provincial KOM Units raise the bar to a higher spot every passing day in a professional
manner with the unity of their hands and hearts.
In this context, Fight against Drugs and Organized Crime National Strategy Papers and Actions
Plans were put into effect by having been prepared with contributions of all of the concerning
organizations and positive results have been acquired in terms of the fight.
And the KOM report in which the general evaluation of the fight against organized crime and
smuggling is available is an important information source in this term. Analyzing the national
organized crime status comprehensively in the light of scientific data and sharing the fight
performance with the public is a serious responsibility. The KOM report which was prepared
in this context and is filling in a serious gap in this field must be analyzed and evaluated very
well.
I would like to express that I find the performance, sacrifice and effort displayed in the fight
against smuggling praiseworthy. I wish success to all my colleagues who contributed to
studies.
M. Celalettin LEKESİZ
Governor
Director General of Turkish National Police
KOM 2014 Report XI
//
Köpek Eğitim Merkezi
Introduction
KOM Presidency carries out works regarding the demand reduction in drugs, training of the staff
members working in KOM units, also the training of police dogs whose contribution is undeniable in
the fight and of administrators as well as the fight against drugs, smuggling, trafficking, organized
and financial crimes and crime revenues.
Because Turkey is a transit point between the west and the east as a result of its geographical
location, it is affected by the drug smuggling seriously. Also Turkey’s becoming a target country as
well as being a transit country necessitates a focus on the drug problem threatening our citizens
and especially the youth and determination of new strategies in the fight.
Extra importance must be placed on the fight against drugs which targets the people in Turkey, the
youth and especially the students. An increase of 11,8% and 5,4% in the number of operations
and the suspects were experienced respectively across Turkey in the fight against drugs. The aim
of the inclusion of “Narkotim” in the process on December as well as the measures taken in 2014
was to gain momentum in the fight.
Additionally international cooperation and operational studies are given extra importance. A total
of 12 operations were carried out with 7 different countries in this context.
In 2014, 65 operations were carried out towards the organized criminal organizations that make
the state authority questionable and effect the society deeply and that are engaged in the illegal
activities such as murdering with the purpose of acquiring undeserved gain and moral and
financial power, intentional injury, extortion collection, retention, workplace sealing, looting, forced
prostitution, checks collection, usury and arms smuggling. 129 out of 1,022 suspects captured
in the operations in question were arrested. In addition, 137 operations were carried out towards
ammunition smuggling and 61 out of 508 suspects were arrested.
XII KOM 2014 Report
Introduction
//
Financial crimes are the type of crimes that require more and more effort for their fight with
globalization and technology developing every passing day. Our fight effort against corruption,
forgery and economic crimes which harm the society’s trust in state by effecting social, economic
and political structures has been continuing non-stop and heavy damages are inflicted on these
illegal structures operating in such fields.
Smuggling crimes vary a lot in terms of the commercial products subject to crime and the methods
used. Increases and decreases in different smuggling types may be observed cyclically.
The number of operations and suspects increased 33% and 18% respectively
in the fight against fuel smuggling which effects the tax revenues of Turkey adversely. On the
other hand, successful operations were implemented towards the migrant smuggling whose fight
necessitates an international cooperation and becomes the problem of all of the countries and
human trading. In this sense compared to the previous year, the number of migrant smuggling and
human trafficking operations increased 5% and 106% respectively.
As well as being a type of crime with our borders the migrant smuggling is a notion that continuously
occupies the agenda internationally especially in European countries. Turkey wins the general
approval of all of the countries due to its strong cooperation that it maintains both nationally and
internationally in terms of fight against migrant smuggling activities and the criminal organizations
in question and is regarded as a model country.
Activities subject to crime of which fight we are in charge change almost every day by taking
benefit from the technological opportunities. Training of the staff is given great importance in this
term in order to be able to be ahead of the criminals.
100 national training sessions were provided for 3,827 staff members in expertness, basic, tactical
and technical subjects regarding the smuggling and organized crime in 2014 at TADOC which has
become a national and international training centre.
On the other hand 28 international training programs were organized for 484 law enforcement
officials who came from 18 in direction of the demands coming from other countries, training
requirements analysis and project contents different countries.
Training of police dogs that make serious contributions to our fight against different kinds of
crimes is also attached great importance. Such trainings continue in the Dog Training Centre
without any interruption when required. In 2014, trainings for dogs and those in charge of the dog
administration were provided in 8 different branches. Customs Administration and the Directorate
General of Security of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus staff members also benefit from
these trainings other than the personnel of the General Directorate of Security. In this context 171
officers participated in 7 different training programs organized in 2014.
Another issue is that the notions like communication, transportation, human and capital movements
and the current facilities and increase in these notions have become an opportunity for the criminal
organizations and that illegal activities of the criminal organizations are taken out of the country
borders thanks to these developments.
In this context, it is almost impossible for countries to fight against the crimes without borders on their
own and the implementation of both regional and global initiatives and cooperation mechanisms
has become an important issue with reference to the need of international cooperation.
In 2014 KOM Department participated in 258 activities which are bilateral and multilateral national
and international anti-organized crime activities within the scope of EU harmonization activities,
international operational and strategic cooperation studies and international and regional
institutions.
All these fight activities being performed by the KOM Units require high dedication and perseverance.
I wish to thank all my colleagues in this sense and a continued success for those who contribute.
Orhan ÖZDEMİR
Head of KOM Department
1st Degree Police Chief
KOM 2014 Report XIII
2014 KOM CRIME STATISTICS
ACROSS TURKEY
Fight against Drugs
Amount of
Heroin
10 tons
Fight against Organized Crime
Fight against Drugs
Amount of
Marijuana
Mafia-type crimes
83,9 tons
1.022 suspects
65 operations
Smuggling of Arms and Ammunition
Fight against Drugs
Amount of
Cocaine
Number of
weapons
377 kg
Fight against Drugs
896 units
Fight against Drugs
Fight against Drugs
Number of
Ecstasy
Number of
Hemp
Bonsai
Quantity
1,5 million
7,9 million
533 kg
XVI KOM 2014 Report
Fight against Smuggling
Quantity of
Smuggled Fuel
1,37
milion litre
Fight against Smuggling
Fight against Financial Crimes
Amount of
Counterfeit Money
Number of
Smuggled
Mobile Phone
1 million TL
103,4 thousand euro
645,4 thousand dollar
Fight against Financial Crimes
Fight against Smuggling
Number of
Suspects of
Usury Crimes
Number of Illegal
Migrants
4.897 people
1.686 people
Fight against Smuggling
Quantity of Smuggled
Cigarette
106,4 million
packages
364 thousand
Fight against Smuggling
Quantity of
Smuggled
Sundry Food
988 tons
Fight against Smuggling
Quantity of Smuggled
Pharmaceuticals /
Pills
7,2 million
KOM 2014 Report XVII
Fight Against
Narcotic
Crimes
OVERVIEW OF FIGHT AGAINST THE NARCOTIC CRIMES
Drugs, the management sequence of which is its cultivation, production and the manufacture,
storage, transport, marketing, supply, sales and transformation into finance are a humanity crime
targeting directly humanity. A crime crossing borders, drug dealing and the fight against it requires
cooperation and coordination as well as strategic analysis and experience share.
Determination of the problem with a wider perspective by analysing the experience and information
should be the basic principal of the fight against drugs. Indeed, Turkey has been openly expressing
this crime that is a global problem continues to affect all of the world countries in many platforms
by fighting against this crime internationally and nationally since the existence of it.
Furthermore, that fact that international cooperation organizations and regional initiatives need to
work on effective and permanent results for the fight against drugs whose production increasingly
escalates in the source countries must be realized and the necessity to implement dynamic
precautions and sanctions must not be ignored. Otherwise, the homogeneous structure of drugs
in the earth will keep becoming more and more chronic.
In recent years, Turkey has become the direct target of drugs because of its location, young
population, growing economy, dynamic social life and the terrorist activities around it. In this respect
Turkish people are exposed directly to the drug transfer, a new derivation of which emerges every
day and to the objective of the criminal organizations’ wish to create new markets.
In accordance with the Department’s policies, Turkey’s main objective in the fight against drugs
is to protect Turkey from the threat of drugs. To this end, in 2014, particularly the young people
and students placed great importance on the fight against the street dealers targeting Turkish
people. As well as the judiciary precautions taken (studies with projects), and participation of the
Narcotic units formed in December 2014 in the fight, the number of operations and suspects
caught increased 11,8% and 5,4% respectively in the entire country.
The number of the operations and towards the street dealers and the suspects seized increased 32%
and 13,6% respectively. The increase in the number of operations can be explained by the sensibility
of Turkish staff and the policy of the Department and the decrease in the number of the suspects by
the adaptation process of the implementation of new precautions after the amendments made in the
Criminal Procedure Code regarding the determination of contacts and wiretapping.
KOM 2014 Report
1
//
Narcotic Crimes
When the seizures of the drugs threatening Turkey in 2013 and 2014 are compared with each other;
Regarding the heroin seizures; the number of operations, suspects and the evidence amount
increased by 32,9%, 36,2% and 1,8% respectively compared to the previous year’s numbers. The
main reason for the increase in the seizure is the successful operations carried out by the provincial
units as a result of the successful risk analysis and the raised awareness about the heroin threat.
In terms of the cannabis seizures, the number of the operations, suspects and the evidence
amount decreased 2,9%, 9,8% and 49,5% respectively compared to the previous year. And in
terms of the seizures of marijuana, compared to the previous year an increase of 5,5% is recorded
based on the roots. 84 tons of cannabis seized in 2014 indicates the proper/average amount of
the cannabis users and the internal consumption of Turkey. And the reason of this increase of the
cannabis amount in 2013 based on the amount is thought to be the unclaimed cannabis seizures
carried out in the province of Diyarbakır.
Regarding the synthetic cannabinoids seizures, the number of the operations, suspects and the
evidence amount increased 114%, 94,2% and 141,2% respectively compared to the previous
years. The main reason of this increase is believed to the more aware/sensitive staff, concentration
on the street studies and the increment in the studies carried out with proper projects.
An increase of 6,2% in the number of operations regarding cocaine seizures actualized and the
number of suspects and the evidence amount decreased 12.2% and 10.9% respectively compared
to the previous year. All of the cocaine seized in 2014 is the amount of cocaine that was attempted
to insert Turkey to target Turkish people directly. In this respect, the amount of seized cocaine in
2014 is much higher than the amount seized in 2013. The mass seizure in Mersin Port in 2013
summarizes the decrease on evidence basis.
Compared to the previous year, the increase in the number of operations and suspects is 32%,
24,1% respectively and the evidence amount decreased 53,6%; and in terms of captagon the
number of operations and suspects increased 1% and 11,3% respectively and the evidence
amount decreased 94,5%. The main reason of the increment of the captagon which is produced
in the neighbouring countries and for which Turkey is used as a step is that there was not any
determination in 2014 regarding products’ presence and production. Correspondingly the
department has achieved success in terms of ecstasy operations threatening Turkish people and
suspect numbers compared to the previous year.
Great importance was placed on the international cooperation and operational studies in 2014. A
total of 12 operations were carried out in this context. As a result of these operations, a total of 918
kg 900 gr heroin, 7 kg 086 grams cocaine and 20 kg 172 grams opium was seized in 7 different
countries; Germany (5), Canada (2), Sweden (1), Austria (1), Georgia (1), France (1) and England (1)
as well as suspects.
It is projected that an increase especially in synthetic drugs and the number of operations depending
on the precautions taken and capacity increase will take place across the country in 2015 and a
decline will be experienced starting from 2016.
2
KOM 2014 Report
Narcotic Crimes
//
CRIMINAL TENDENCIES
Opium and Derivatives
Drug cultivation, production, trafficking and use pose a major problem all over the world. Among
the main factors that cause the formation of drug and stimulants market in Turkey is its proximity to
the production areas and its location in between the production and consumption routes. Countries
like Afghanistan, Burma [Myanmar], Laos and Mexico play an important role in the demand of the
world towards opium and its derivatives. Afghanistan meets 80% of the world’s heroin and 70%
of the raw opium market. According to UNODC data, the world opium market is calculated to be
65.5 around billion dollars as for the analysis of 2010. Even though the production of opium and
derivatives experiences changes regionally and globally, global opium production has not changed
since 2009 and remained in between 3.500 and 4.500 tones.
Turkey is exposed to the serious flow of legal and illegal product trading because of its transit
location. In this context, even though Turkey which is on the Balkan route was exposed to the
opium and opiates the source of which was Afghanistan in 2014, the criminal organizations’ target
was to reach Europe through Georgia and Armenia.
Turkey’s internal market demand is almost none for raw opium. And the existing users are observed
to the foreign citizens who are refugees in Turkey. More than 160 kg opium poppies were seized
as a result of the operations carried out by the KOM provincial units in 2014. 23 of these are cargo
operations and 60 kg of opium poppies were seized after they are determined in cargo.
180
167
160
106
94
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Graphic 1: Opium Poppy Seizures (Kg)
It was determined that opium poppies were tried to be sent to Canada, Sweden, Australia, Austria,
Belgium and England through Turkey via cargo and the Canada stands out as the target country
(28 kg in 14 separate operations).
98% of the opiates seized consist of heroin substance. The reason why the seized base morphine
amount in the last five years in Turkey is almost zero or almost zero is because the drug organizations
KOM 2014 Report
3
//
Narcotic Crimes
Production of it in areas which are close to the production areas of heroin and opium. As in 2013,
no base morphine seizures actualized in 2014 in Turkey.
Major changes were observed in the period of the last five years in terms of heroin seizures and the
availability of heroin in the Turkish market. During the operational studies carried out in 2014, it was
observed that organized criminal groups have occasional difficulties in terms of supplying heroin.
11.027
9.843
10.023
2013
2014
9.053
6.412
2010
2011
2012
Graphic 2: Heroin Seizures (Kg)
Changes experienced in the route and methods of the heroin delivery of the smuggling organizations
reflect directly in the seizures.
➢
The following trends were observed in 2014 for opium and its derivatives:
➢ That heroin substance with Afghanistan and Iran origin is entered into Turkey through the
eastern provinces especially Hakkari, Van and Ağrı illegally is one of the detections.
➢ In 2014, especially the drug smuggling implemented through ships on the East Mediterranean
(South) route.
➢ Seaways being used more and more keep preserving its importance for the heroin smugglers
Indeed, 2 tons 120 kg of heroin seized in 2014 in Koropi Region of Greece confirms this
thesis.
➢ Recently, it has been observed that the heroin smugglers have been using the Black Sea
coastline intensely In this respect a total of 297 kg heroin was seized in 2014 in 7 cities as a
result of 24 separate operations within the frame of the risk analysis carried out and studies
with projects.
➢ Drug traffickers perform different smuggling activities that they think are the least risky for
them In this context it is understood that they have tended towards delivering drugs via
cargo and they use cargo courier companies actively. In the operations carried out in 2014;
4
KOM 2014 Report
Narcotic Crimes
//
a total of 60 kg opium poppies in 23 different incidents and 197 kg of heroin were seized in
11 different incidents. It is observed that Canada is on the top of the list of smuggling via
cargo and Australia, Austria, Belgium, Sweden and England follow Canada.
➢ Drug organizations have also reduced the amount of drug shipments to minimize the risk
arising from the shipment of drugs transported. Small amounts took the place of the mass
seizures at once in the previous years.
36
15
6
1-25 Kg
25-50 Kg
45
50-100 Kg
100-200 Kg
200 Kg and above
233
Graphic 3: Distribution of the Heroin Event Numbers by the Amount of Seizure
8.217
6.031
5.417
4.720
Suspects
4.164
2.619
2010
1.925
2011
Incidents
2.306
2012
3.336
2013
4.435
2014
Graphic 4: Suspect and Incident Numbers in Heroin Seizures
KOM 2014 Report
5
//
Narcotic Crimes
13.033
11.104
3.434
72
2010
2011
2012
251
2013
2014
Graphic 5: Seizures of Acetic Anhydride (Lt)
Successful operations carried out directed the criminal organizations to use less risky routes.
Information acquired as a result of the international drug smuggling under the coordination of the
Presidency of KOM Department was shared with the concerning countries.
➢ As a result of the cooperation studies carried out with 2 different countries regarding the
international drug smuggling, 918 kg 900 grams of heroin were seized along with five
persons.
➢ 6% of the heroin amount seized in the operations in Turkey is seized as a result of the
planned studies and 94% of them were seized as a result of analyzed intelligence studies.
Although some amendments made in 2014 in the Code of Criminal Procedure have affected
the planned studies negatively, seizures are observed to have increased compared to
previous years by giving weigh on the risk analyzed intelligence studies.
In 2014 in the responsibility area of EGM (General Directorate of Security) the heroin seizures
concentrated on the border cities in east and in cities which are on the route of the transfer to
Europe as happened in the previous years. Seizures in the cities close to the east border such as
Hakkari, Ağrı, Van and other cities which are on the route such as İstanbul, Kocaeli, Erzurum, Bitlis,
Adana, Kırıkkale and Düzce constitute 79% of the total seizures.
6
KOM 2014 Report
Narcotic Crimes
//
Top 20EleCities
by the
Seized
Heroin
(kg)
Geçirilen
Eroin
Miktarına
GöreAmount
lk 20 l (Kg)
1.498.609
VAN
1.395.043
STANBUL
1.202.184
KOCAEL
945.585
ERZURUM
746.918
A RI
737.969
ANKARA
421.489
HAKKAR
376.531
B TL S
280.825
ADANA
193.153
KIRIKKALE
DÜZCE
ED RNE
ERZ NCAN
TEK RDA
SAMSUN
GAZ ANTEP
BOLU
MERS N
185.374
172.165
151.879
146.714
144.368
140.368
126.070
124.079
MU
115.777
KARS
113.041
KONYA
ADANA
ANKARA
MERS N
ANTALYA
OSMAN YE
ISPARTA
GAZ ANTEP
ANLIURFA
VAN
KAHRAMANMARA
HATAY
STANBUL
B TL S
DEN ZL
KLS
TEK RDA
AKSARAY
MARD N
KOCAEL
Top 20 Provinces According to Heroin Incidents
734
649
358
297
297
284
210
192
141
137
128
125
84
71
69
55
53
51
47
36
Graphic 6: Top 20 Provinces According to Heroin Seizures and Event Ranking in 2014
The ranking of the cities changes in terms of the number of incidents happening. Konya, Adana
and Ankara are placed on the top of the list in terms of heroin incidents. One of the most important
reasons of this is the increment of the mutual operations in the cities in question. And another
reason is the delivery in small quantities carried out by the smuggling organizations.
Looking at the target countries determined as the target of the seized heroin incidents with 1 kg
and more quantity as a result of the operations of the KOM units in 2014; the Netherlands is on the
top of the list and England and Germany follow this country.
When we look at the operations towards opium smuggling Canada is regarded as first target
country and the countries such as Australia, Austria, Belgium, Sweden and the UK follow Canada.
The price of heroin per kilogram is estimated to differ from 4.000 to 13.000 Euro from Hakkari to
Edirne in 2014.
Also legal opium alkaloids are used for medical and scientific purposed around the world. Opium
cultivation is followed and controlled by the international organizations especially by the UN
because it is being used for illegal purposes.
In Turkey opium cultivation and unlaced opium production is also being implemented in an area of
70,000 hectares provided by the UN organization in order to meet the alkaloid need with scientific
and medical purposes. Opium cultivated is kept under control according to “3298 Numbered
Narcotic Drugs Related Laws” and the provisions of “Poppy’s October, Control, Collection,
Evaluation, Destruction, Purchasing, Selling, Regulations on Export and Import of” and inspected
by the law enforcement officers of the Agriculture Products Office (TMO).
As in previous years, in 2014 no data regarding abused of the legally produced morphine and its
derivatives were encountered.
KOM 2014 Report
7
//
Narcotic Crimes
Cannabis and Derivatives
The most produced and used drug in the world as in Turkey is cannabis and its derivatives. The
number of operations conducted towards cannabis and its derivatives in 2014 constituted 65% of
the overall number and the number of suspects seized in these operations was 63% of all.
An increase in the demand of marijuana is being experienced lately in Turkey as in the world. This
increase in demand also is reflected in the supply side of the substance. The increase of 169%
in marijuana seizures in the last five years in Turkey indicates the size of the marijuana threat in
Turkey.
166.268
74.605
83.886
46.918
31.197
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Graphic 7: Cannabis Seizures (Kg)
As a result of 22.902 operations carried out in 2014 the drug operations, 83 tons and 886 kg of
cannabis were seized as well as 37.491 persons and many national affiliated organizations were
collapsed.
In terms of the cannabis seizures, the number of the operations, suspects and the evidence
amount decreased 2,9%, 9,8% and 49,5% respectively compared to the previous year. 84 tons
of cannabis seized in 2014 indicates the proper/average amount of the cannabis users and the
internal consumption of Turkey.
261 planned operations started in order to combat cannabis and 21 tons, 909 kilos and 865
grams of cannabis were seized in 2014. And in 2013, 909 planned studies on marijuana have
been implemented across the country. Compared to the previous year, in 2014 there has been a
reduction in the planned study of 248%.
8
KOM 2014 Report
Narcotic Crimes
41.570
36.311
28.625
37.491
31.299
Suspects
14.194
2010
2011
2012
Incidents
23.597
22.902
2013
2014
18.887
13.586
//
Graphic 8: Cannabis Seizures and Incident and Suspect Numbers
In 2014 as a result of risk analysis and profiling studies, 53 tons an 174 kg of cannabis were seized.
This figure represents 64% of the total seizures in 2014. 8 tons and 756 kg of marijuana were
seized as a result of transformation of the information acquired by the KOM Units into operations
having them evaluated accurately and on time.
As Turkey maintains its decisive fight on national basis, it also places great importance on the
cooperation with other countries in respect to international fight against smuggling and keeps
sharing information continuously. In 2014, 12 tons 88 kilos and 470 grams of cannabis were seized
as a result of the cooperation of KOM Units maintained with other countries.
The number of operations towards cannabis and its derivatives increased by 60% between 2010
an 2014, and the number of suspects increased by 27%. And in terms of the seizures of marijuana,
compared to the previous year an increase of 5,5% is recorded based on the roots. Kırklareli
is the city that stood out in 2014 with a number of 7.770.011 root cannabis plants in terms of
fight against illegal cannabis. Operations are being conducted in the centre and districts of the
Kırklareli province in order to prevent this plant to be used by ill-minded people and prohibit the
spontaneous cultivation. Bulgaria’s opening the floodgates on 05.02.2013 caused flood in the
district of Babaeski in Kırklareli and cannabis plants started to grow by themselves especially
around Şeytan Deresi and in the fields close to this creek. In addition it is determined that cannabis
plants are available in sunflower, corn and clover fields dispersedly and they grow in harvested or
inactive fields in an uncared and disorganized way.
64% of cannabis seizures in 2014 were carried out as a result of studies based on risk analysis.
Cannabis seized as a result of planned studies constitutes 26% of the overall seizures with an
amount of 21 tons and 909 kg. And 10% of the seizures were implemented as a result of the timely
analyze of the information received.
The format and amount of cannabis can determine the preferred method of transport. For the
regional and nationwide distribution, mostly passenger cars are preferred. 30,182,836 grams of
cannabis were seized in passenger cars. Seizures performed in automobiles constitute a part of
36% of the total seizures. Passenger cars are followed by vehicles such as buses (3%), trucks
(15%) and articulated lorries (9%).
KOM 2014 Report
9
//
Narcotic Crimes
As well as the land transport, cargo method in marijuana traffic is also used in recent years. A
total of 374 kg and 335 grams of cannabis were seized in 22 operations carried out towards cargo
deliveries in 2014. The reason of this preference is that they can easily hide the identifications of
sender-receivers and the less exposure of the vehicle to controls on the transit routes because of
the vehicle’s being a cargo delivery vehicle.
The most popular way of artefact smugglings is the delivery in small pieces of big amounts. In
recent years there has been an increase in the number of seizures of 50 kg and above. A total of
79 tons and 463 kg cannabis were seized in 2014 as a result of 265 operations during which 50kg
and above cannabis were seized. In other words, 95% of the cannabis seized in 2014 consists of
seizures of 50 kg and above.
10 tons 091 kilos and 586 grams of cannabis were seized by Turkish teams in 2014 in searches
implemented with detector dogs. This amount corresponds to 12% of the total cannabis seizures.
The use of detector dogs in the searches is an important application in terms of revealing the
strong suspicious notion required by laws.
Looking at the provinces where persons who are arrested in 2014 due to marijuana trafficking are
registered in population; it is difficult to speak of a homogeneous structure across the country.
The fact that these cities where smugglers are registered have a dispersed image indicates that
marijuana is a problem of the entire country.
It is an important determination that foreign people subject to marijuana smuggling inspections
in Turkey are generally from the neighbouring countries. Syrian, Iranian, Georgian and Azerbaijani
citizens stand out among other foreign citizens arrested due to smuggling. In 2014 a total of 1
ton 778 kilograms and 331 grams of marijuana were seized as well as 216 foreign citizens in 165
incidents and 389 kilograms of marijuana were acquired from 185 Syrian persons (86% of the
foreign suspects). Turmoil in the region and the dense demand of users in Western European
countries are the most important reason of this situation.
Top 20 Provinces by Seized Marijuana Amount (kg)
23.522
D YARBAKIR
8.406
ADANA
ANLIURFA
6.569
OSMAN YE
Top 20 Provinces Cannabis Seizures Incident Ranking
3.999
GAZ ANTEP
3.141
3.095
ZM R
B NGÖL
3.007
STANBUL
2.581
ZM R
2.353
KONYA
2.221
HAKKAR
2.050
S VAS
1.933
BURSA
1.807
MALATYA
1.525
VAN
1.478
SAKARYA
1.449
ADANA
2.602
D YARBAKIR
1.324
GAZ ANTEP
1.109
947
BURSA
793
MERS N
687
ANTALYA
654
SAMSUN
648
KOCAELİ
553
ELAZIĞ
542
ERZURUM
515
AYDIN
KOCAEL
1.369
1.358
MU LA
1.351
OSMAN YE
MAN SA
1.121
BOLU
1.079
494
HATAY
AKSARAY
KIRIKKALE
499
MAN SA
ANKARA
DEN ZL
KONYA
KAYSERİ
473
448
422
413
413
379
Graphic 9: Top 20 Provinces According to Heroin Seizures and Incident Ranking in 2014
10 KOM 2014 Report
Narcotic Crimes
Top 10 provinces According to Seized Cannabis Amount
//
7,770,011
KIRKLAREL
ED RNE
61.176
D YARBAKIR
14.344
MERS N
11.941
Top 10 Provinces According to Cannabis Seizure Incident Numbers
AYDIN
BALIKES R
7.678
STANBUL
6.479
HATAY
6.323
ANLIURFA
4.911
55
HATAY
46
43
ZM R
ADANA
ANTALYA
AYDIN
4.246
37
SAMSUN
32
KONYA
BALIKES R
KONYA
39
28
25
STANBUL
24
MAN SA
24
3.988
Graphic 10: Top 10 Provinces According to Cannabis Seizures Amounts and Incident Ranking in 2014
Cocaine
UNODC 2012 World Drug Report states that there are around 13.2 to 19.5 millions of cocaine
users in the world. North America and Europe are the two largest cocaine markets. As the marker
of Europe grows, the routes targeting this continent have started to vary. In this process, as Africa
has started to become a storage and route hub, Western Africa criminal organizations have turned
into a national and international threat.
Even though the cocaine demand remains stable, seizures in Europe refer to a decrease of up
to 50%. Main reasons of these increases are stated to be the changes in smuggling methods
and smugglers’ taking advantage of the container traffic. According to the report prepared by
EUROPOL regarding the cocaine seizures carried out by sea, while the amount of cocaine (out of
containers) seized in ships decreased, it is highlighted that organizations benefit from the dense
container traffic from South Africa to Europe in the same process.
Depending on the expansion of the European cocaine market, Turkey is exposed to cocaine
smuggling carried out especially by air. In this stage, Turkey is affected by the cocaine trade both
as the target and transit country. When cocaine operations in 2014 are analyzed,
it is observed that Turkey stands out more as the target country. Different routes and methods are
taken advantage by the smuggling organization so as to reduce the risks. The starting point of the
cocaine traffic targeting Turkey is Ecuador, Brazil, Bolivia and Colombia. Besides in many events
whose target is Turkey cocaine is primarily transferred from the South America to West and South
Africa and then to Turkey.
KOM 2014 Report
11
//
Narcotic Crimes
589
402
430
2012
2013
377
277
2010
2011
2014
Graphic 11: Cocaine Seizures (Kg)
Seizure the amount of 277 kg in 2010 increased by 36% in 2014 and reached about 377 kg.
Compared to the previous year, while the number of operations increased by 6,2%, the number of
suspects and evidence amount decreased 10,9% and 12,2% respectively. This evidence based
decrease is summarized by the seizure of 108 kg in Mersin Port in 2013. However, the cocaine
threat towards Turkey is expected to increasingly grow in the next years.
886
669
651
588
580
Suspects
Incidents
263
2010
319
302
325
345
2011
2012
2013
2014
Graphic 12: Cocaine Seizures Suspect and Incident Numbers
Cocaine delivery to Turkey is determined to be implemented intensely by air via curriers. Indeed,
when cocaine operations examined on the basis of events in Turkey, almost all of the operations
are performed at the airports towards curriers.
Determinations regarding the operations carried out in 2014;
➢ In 116 seizures carried out at Istanbul Ataturk Airport, 336 and 107 kilograms of cocaine
were seized and necessary procedures were initiated about 123 individuals, 107 of whom
were foreign citizens.
12
KOM 2014 Report
Narcotic Crimes
//
➢ In the responsibility area of The General Directorate of Police, in a total of 346 incidents in
2014, 583 individuals were subject to legal procedures due to carrying cocaine or trading it
and 378 kg of cocaine were seized.
➢ In these operations, 26 different routes were determined to be used by persons seized as
the curriers of cocaine from South Africa (16), Ecuador (13), Brazil (11), Colombia (8), Bolivia
(8), Ghana (7), Peru (6).
➢ The starting point of the couriers is Brazil in 67 events.
➢ Turkey’s position in 17 events was the transit country while in 99 incidents it was the target
country
➢ Considering 90% of seizures within the year was carried out at airports, it is understood that
a large part of cocaine was seized before it entered the country.
➢ 54 Nigerian, 31 South African, 24 Brazilian, 14 Ecuadorian nationals were arrested as
cocaine couriers in the period of the last five years in Turkey. It is observed that criminal
groups mostly use the couriers from Africa and South America.
Also even though Istanbul Ataturk Airport stands out in terms of the entry of the cocaine couriers
into Turkey, studies are carried out by taking into account that other airports that operate direct
flights to abroad especially including Ankara Esenboğa Airport where 2,5 kilograms of cocaine was
seized in 2014.
Top 5 Cities According to Seized Cocaine Quantity (kg)
İSTANBUL
361
ANKARA
Top 5 Cities According to Cocaine Seizure Incident Numbers
6
157
İSTANBUL
MERSİN
4
İZMİR
2
39
İZMİR
30
ANKARA
KOCAELİ
1
MERSİN
22
KONYA
22
Graphic 13: Top 5 Cities According to Cocaine Seizure Amount and Incident Ranking in 2014
KOM 2014 Report 13
//
Narcotic Crimes
Ecstasy
In UNODC 2011 World Drug Report, it is stated that in recent years, ecstasy production has started
to be made outside Europe, too. East and Southeast Asia, North America, Oceania and Latin
America are emerging as other production centres. But in recent years large declines in ecstasy
seizures in Europe are observed. 90% of global ecstasy seizures in 1996 were conducted in
Europe, while it decreased to 18% as of 2009.
Turkey is the ultimate market for ecstasy. Most of the tablets seized in Turkey are from the
Netherlands and Belgium. Ecstasy is taken to Turkey by air, sea and land from European countries.
Ecstasy entrance is actualized from the north-west of the country by land, often through Bulgaria. It
is inserted to Turkey hidden in the driver cabin, inside the legal cargos or in a secret compartment.
The continuous increase in the seized ecstasy amount in the last five years stopped and gave its
place to a decrease in 2014 because of the strict follow of the active substances used in production
and introduction of unqualified tablets into the market. Operations implemented in recent years
have allowed Turkey to have an important role in ecstasy seizures in Europe.
3.306.853
1.694.379
1.335.326
1.535.009
826.164
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Graphic 14: Ecstasy Seizures (Number)
3.810
3.070
2.195
1.769
1.024
297
2010
545
2011
1.182
2012
Suspects
1.764
2013
Graphic 15: Seizures of Ecstasy Suspect and Incidents Numbers
14
KOM 2014 Report
2.329
2014
Incidents
//
Narcotic Crimes
Even though the number of operations implemented in 2014 and the suspect number increased
32% and 21,6% respectively in 2014, the evidence amount decreased by 53,6%. 30% of ecstasy
seizures within the year were implemented by Kocaeli, 16% by Istanbul, 12% by Edirne KOM
Units. Sakarya, İstanbul, İzmir, Bursa and Ankara followed these cities.
Top 20 Provinces According to Seized Ecstasy Amount (Units)
451.163
KOCAELİ
254.133
İSTANBUL
189.739
EDİRNE
112.169
SAKARYA
85.103
50.241
ANKARA
33.181
ADANA
33.048
DİYARBAKIR
27.395
ANTALYA
KONYA
Top 20 Provinces According to Ecstasy Incident Numbers
101.337
İZMİR
BURSA
20.967
İZMİR
332
ADANA
238
BURSA
132
KOCAEL
125
SAMSUN
82
MU LA
67
ANTALYA
65
ANKARA
62
MERSİN
14.578
ELAZIĞ
13.801
BALIKES R
58
GAZİANTEP
12.380
DEN ZL
57
SAMSUN
11.296
AYDIN
11.034
MANİSA
TEK RDA
58
SAKARYA
55
MERS N
54
KONYA
8.878
AYDIN
TRABZON
8.040
KAYSER
ŞANLIURFA
7.206
U AK
TEKİRDAĞ
7.119
53
50
41
38
MAN SA
36
TRABZON
29
STANBUL
28
Graphic 16: Top 20 Provinces According to 2014 Ecstasy Seizures and Event Ranking
Synthetic Cannabinoids (Bonsai)
Known as Bonsai in street language, 1-naphthalenyl (1-pentyl-1H-indole-3-yl) methanol and with
its other name JWH-018 is one of the synthetic cannabinoid derivatives. It is presented for use in a
natural plant disguise by being absorbed in dried plant scraps. Synthetic cannabinoid derivatives
were also seized in liquid and powder forms in Turkey along with those absorbed in plant scraps.
Drug trafficking criminal organizations add new derivatives to synthetic cannabinoid family every
day and release them. This situation affects many countries including Turkey adversely. However,
the fact that synthetic cannabinoids are not within the scope of the laws in some countries eases
the operations of drug traffickers.
Appeared in 2010 for the first time in Turkey, synthetic cannabinoid derivatives’ use has spread
across the country because of they are new and curiosity. Synthetic cannabinoids are determined
to be brought to Turkey from countries such as China, the US, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus,
Germany, Spain, Netherlands, Portugal, England, Georgia and Hungary. Synthetic cannabinoids
which used to be brought to Turkey in small amounts in 2010 and 2011, increasingly spread
between the years of 2012 and 2013.
KOM 2014 Report 15
//
Narcotic Crimes
In addition, it is observed that small amounts of synthetic cannabinoids seized in the operations
towards street dealers are seized solely or with some other drugs (mostly marijuana and synthetic
drugs).
Turkey has increased seizures of synthetic cannabinoids since 2010. In 2014, 533 kilograms of
synthetic cannabinoids were seized in Turkey as well as 7,605 suspects in 4,585 operations.
Compared to the previous year, the number of the operations and suspects and the evidence
amount increased 114%, 94% and 141% respectively.
533
221
197
10
2011
2012
2013
2014
Graphic 17: Synthetic Cannabinoids Seizures (Kg)
Facing the risk formed by synthetic cannabinoids getting popularized increasingly, KOM Presidency;
1. Carried out the “Synthetic Cannabinoid (Bonsai) Workshop” in 2014 with the participations
of the provinces where the use of synthetic cannabinoids is the most prevalent and the
rudiments and principals in the fight were determined.
2. Separate meetings were held with all of the concerning ministries and institutions and
cooperation and information share between the institutions were ensured.
3. All institutions and law enforcement authorities were informed comprehensively with a
directive sent to 81 Provincial Governors and administrative / judicial capacity was requested
to be increased to fight against synthetic cannabinoid
4. Preparation for “Synthetic Cannabinoids Booklet” is completed, whose aim is to remove the
information and experience adequacy and it is at the stage of printing.
Most of the synthetic cannabinoids seizures in 2014 were observed to have actualized in the
western cities. 53% of the seizures were carried out in Istanbul, 13% in İzmir and 11% in Sakarya.
Bursa, Ankara and Antalya followed these cities respectively.
16
KOM 2014 Report
Narcotic Crimes
//
Top 20 provincial According to Synthetic Cannabinoids Quantity Seized (kg)
STANBUL
285.777
67.000
ZM R
57.135
SAKARYA
31.585
BURSA
14.895
ANKARA
Top 20 Provinces According to Synthetic Cannabinoids Event Numbers
10.889
ANTALYA
10.069
ESK EH R
YALOVA
8.529
7.403
SAMSUN
7.235
SAMSUN
6.493
KIRKLARELİ
4.827
BALIKES R
ED RNE
3.012
MU LA
2.572
258
196
168
BALIKESİR
DÜZCE
163
SAKARYA
161
151
İSTANBUL
93
MANİSA
1.696
YALOVA
ORDU
MAN SA
1.362
AKSARAY
1.278
1.187
328
EDİRNE
1.497
1.183
365
BURSA
KIRKLAREL
DÜZCE
386
TEKİRDAĞ
ÇANAKKALE
TRABZON
481
KOCAELİ
KOCAEL
TEK RDA
639
İZMİR
92
84
83
KÜTAHYA
77
ANKARA
72
ÇANAKKALE
65
ESKİŞEHİR
ZONGULDAK
59
AYDIN
57
Graphic 18: Top 20 Provinces According to Synthetic Cannabinoids Seizure Amount and Event Ranking in 2014
Captagon
Previously produced for medical purposes as a legal drug by Germany in Europe, captagon
later started to be abused increasingly and its production was terminated accordingly. After
the termination of the legal production of Captagon tablets, its active substance, which was
fenethylline, was replaced with amphetamine and remained as amphetamine until today.
Especially the Arabic countries especially those that are located in the Arabic peninsula and other
Middle East countries are affected by the captagon smuggling as the target countries and these
countries turn out to be the final markets of this product.
4.483.632
1.050.366
1.047.338
144.121
245.011
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Graphic 19: Captagon Seizures (Number)
KOM 2014 Report 17
//
Narcotic Crimes
Analyzing the last five-year period regarding the captagon smuggling in Turkey;
➢ 50 kg of Captagon, which was thought to have been brought from Armenia was seized in
Diyarbakır in 2010,
➢ In 2012, 80 litres of captagon was seized in liquid form in the tank of vehicle entered into
Turkey from Iran as a result of the operation carried out in Malatya,
➢ In the operation carried out in Hatay in 2013, it was determined that 4.226.000 million units
seized Captagon tablets were produced in Syria and tried to be sent to the Arabian Peninsula
through Turkey.
323
251
290
236
186
138
2010
114
2011
Suspects
146
2012
200
205
2013
2014
Incidents
Graphic 20: Captagon Seizure Suspect and Incident Numbers
At this point, fight against drugs in Turkey did not aim at only the national criminal organizations but
at the same time disclosed the international connections and has obtained a regional qualification.
It is thought that the production in Europe might be continuing with a specific amount and also
amphetamine and captain production actives concentrated on the consumption areas or close by.
In 2010, approximately 1,050,366 units of captagon tablets were seized by KOM units, this number
decreased to 144,000 tablets in 2012. In 2013 compared to the previous year with it reached to
4,483,600 tablets which is 31 times more. While 4.226.000 units captagon seizure as a result of
the operation carried out in Hatay in 2013 caused some increase compared to 2012, on the other
hand it caused some decrease in statistics of 2014.
When captagon seizures are analyzed on the basis of incidents and amount, Hatay, Kilis and
Gaziantep which are Syrian border cities of Turkey stand out with the rates of 73%, 14% and 9%
respectively and it is understood that seized tablets are brought from Syria.
It is considered that captagon production has increased due to the ongoing civil war in Syria and
transferred to Turkey. The fact that 80% of persons arrested as a result of the operations in 2014
are Syrian citizens also supports this assessment.
18
KOM 2014 Report
//
Narcotic Crimes
Top 10 provinces According to Seized Captagon Amount (Unit)
4.276.639
HATAY
146.544
GAZ ANTEP
ADANA
ANLIURFA
11.983
9.152
Top 10 Provinces According to Captagon Seizure Incident Numbers
HATAY
73
58
GAZ ANTEP
KLS
7.773
7
ADANA
6
ANLIURFA
MARD N
7.217
ANKARA
6.182
KLS
KONYA
6.152
KONYA
4
MERS N
4
ADIYAMAN
4
DÜZCE
4
STANBUL
4.581
MERS N
3.569
6
ANKARA
5
Graphic 21: Top 10 Provinces According to Captagon Seizures Amount and Incident Ratings
Methamphetamine
Amphetamine, which is an amphetamine derivative and is felt more strongly than amphetamine
in terms of its effects, is generally found in powder, crystalline, liquid, tablet and paste forms.
Methamphetamine seized in Turkey is mostly in the form of crystal and broken glass pieces. While
methamphetamine production concentrated on some specific regions of the world, it can easily be
produced anyway with simple mechanisms in case necessary chemicals can be supplied.
Europe which can be regarded as a small market compared to the global markets experiences some
increase especially in the Northern part and in the entire continent in terms of methamphetamine
market. Methamphetamine production in Asia has recently started to attract attention. Many large
and small-scale manufacturing plants have started to emerge in the region. Especially Iran has
reached to an important position in terms of methamphetamine production and trafficking in the
region since 2009.
In Turkey, the first methamphetamine seizure took place in 2009. From this date a significant
increase has been experienced in terms of seizures. The upward trend between 2010 and 2012
in the amount of methamphetamine seizures started to decrease in 2013 and 2014. Among the
possible reasons for this are;
➢ The increased awareness and fight capacity of the law enforcement authorities,
➢ Turkey’s moving to a risky position in terms of methamphetamine trafficking organizations,
➢ And additional routes and transfer points being used other than Turkey.
KOM 2014 Report 19
//
Narcotic Crimes
Turkey continues to serve as a step with other routes for methamphetamine trafficking.
Methamphetamine seized in Turkey mostly targets Western Europe, Southeast Asian and Pacific
countries. Availability of a great demand in these regions for methamphetamine have been a known
fact ever since. Methamphetamine is usually brought to Turkey by land from Iran and transmitted
to the target countries by air (couriers and cargo) by using different methods and routes. Yet it is
determined that the methamphetamine delivery to Europe and also Syria is actualized from Turkey
by land.
While couriers carrying suitcases and bags keep being used commonly, it is also observed that
methamphetamine smuggling is carried inside glass tiles such as wine bottles, gold clubs, spray
boxes, juice bottles and board frames. There are examples that mails and cargos are also used
for methamphetamine delivery.
While the number of provinces where methamphetamine seizures were performed in 2013 was 34
and the substance amount was 101 kg, these numbers declined to 31 and 89 kg respectively in
2014. Even though a decline was experienced in 2014 on the evidence basis by 12% compared
to the previous year, the number of operations increased 235% and the number of suspects
increased 146%.
In methamphetamine seizures occurred in 2014; Erzurum, Istanbul and Ağrı stood out with the
rates of 29%, 25% and 11% respectively and Muş, Van, İzmir and Bitlis followed these cities. It
is observed that the seizures in question concentrate in the cities close to the eastern border of
Turkey.
24 out of 202 persons caught in methamphetamine operations in 2013 are foreign and 21 of them
are Iranian. And in 2014 32 Iranians out of 498 seized persons and 42 foreign citizens were subject
to legal procedures.
Top 5 Cities According to Seized Methamphetamine Quantity (kg)
ERZURUM
25
İSTANBUL
21
AĞRI
10
MUŞ
8
Top 5 Provinces According to Methamphetamine
Seizure Incident Number
AYDIN
67
55
GAZ ANTEP
37
KAYSER
VAN
5
A RI
BURSA
28
27
Graphic 22: Top 5 Provinces According to Methamphetamine Seizures and Incident Ranking in 2014
20 KOM 2014 Report
//
Narcotic Crimes
STUDIES FOR FIGHT AGAINST DRUG CRIMES
General Distribution of the Operations Performed by KOM Units and Seized
Suspects
471
KIRKLAREL
283
TEK RDA
BARTIN
STANBUL
669
647
SAKARYA DÜZCE
370
574
1.338
YALOVA
280
BURSA
ÇANAKKALE
288
B LEC K
76
1.496
BALIKES R
518
MAN SA
675
U AK
273
ZM R
4.235
A.KARAH SAR
178
ANKARA
1.022
AYDIN
772
MU LA
581
86 669
ISPARTA
376
BURDUR
70
280
KIR EH R
BALIKES R
142 518
NEV
MAN SA
KONYA
675
AKSARAY
ZM R
285
4.235
AYDIN
772
MU LA
581
ANTALYA
1.175
KARAMAN
157
SAKARYA DÜZCE
370
574
1.338
YOZGAT
BURSA
1.496 156
B LEC K
76
EH R
90
198
ANKARA
1.022
KAYSER
U AK
514
273
ISPARTA
376
BURDUR
70
ADANA
3.587
K.MARA
AKSARAY
285
1.338
ADIYAMAN
200
411
ANTALYA
7351.175
KARAMAN
157
GAZ ANTEP
1.541
KİLİS
192
1.205
ERZURUM
616
ORDU
179
98
TOKAT
106
619
NEV
EH R
90
MU
96
198
KAYSER
514
MALATYA
204
D YARBAKIR
1.383
K.MARA
N DE
135
ANLIURFAADANA
435 3.587
411
MERS N
1.205
BAYBURT
200
N
191
B NGÖL
196
TUNCEL
39
B TL S
154 ELAZI
S RT
125
ARTV N
38
ARDAHAN
28
KARS
91
ERZURUM
616
16
ERZ NCAN
42
I DIR
A RI
153
223
MU
96
VAN
223
B TL S
154
D YARBAKIR
1.383
IRNAK
79
MARD N
191
ANLIURFA
435
73
VAN
619
BATMAN
150 ADIYAMAN
OSMANMARD
YE
735
GÜMÜ
RI
HANE153
24
B NGÖL
196 S VAS
TUNCEL
YOZGAT
39156
IR ZE
DIR
73
205
TRABZON
116 A
G RESUN
ELAZI
204
OSMAN YE
MERS N
KIR EH R
142
BAYBURT
SAMSUN
1.046
16
AMASYA
99
ÇORUM
ERZ NCAN
42 86
K.KALE
137
KONYA
KARS
91
S NOP
GÜMÜ 32HANE
24
MALATYA
A.KARAH SAR
178
N DE DEN ZL
135 625
67
ÇANKIRI
42
BOLU
54
S VAS
ESK EH R
176
KÜTAHYA
173
98
KARABÜK
73
ARDAHAN
28
R ZE
205
TRABZON
116
G RESUN
KASTAMONU
34
ZONGULDAK
TOKAT
198
106
KOCAEL
YALOVA
K.KALE
137
ÇANAKKALE
ORDU
BARTIN
179
AMASYA
99
ÇORUM STANBUL
TEK RDA
288
1.338
DEN ZL
625
KIRKLAREL
283
ÇANKIRI
42
471
ARTV N
38
SAMSUN
1.046
647
ESK EH R
176
KÜTAHYA
173
67
KARABÜK
73
BOLU
54
S NOP
32
KASTAMONU
34
ZONGULDAK
198
KOCAEL
EDİRNE
EDİRNE
KOM Department has demonstrated an increasing performance in the fight against drugs in
recent years. As an indication of the fight will, the number of operations and suspects increased
every year. The number of operations and suspects in the last five years increased 114% and
68% respectively. And in 2014 the number of operations and suspects increased 12% and 5%
respectively compared to the previous year.
S RT
HAKKAR 125
BATMAN
34 150
HAKKAR
IRNAK
34
79
GAZ ANTEP
1.541
KİLİS
192
HATAY
764
HATAY
764
0 -5 0
0 -5 0
5 1 -1 0 0
1 0 1 -5 0 0
Map 1: Distribution of County-wide Incidents
Numbers
in 2014
5 1 -1 0 0
5 0 1 -1 0 0 0
1 0 1 -5 0 0
5 0 1 -1 0 0 0
1001+
1001+
In 2014, 36,579 drug operations were carried out in Turkey. While 65% of these operations were
aimed at cannabis and its derivatives 13% of them aimed at synthetic cannabinoid (bonsai).
More than 1.000 narcotics operations carried out in İzmir, Adana, Gaziantep, Bursa, Diyarbakır,
Konya, Kocaeli, Mersin, Antalya, Samsun and Ankara.
When taken heroin incidents are taken as the basis; Konya, Ankara, Adana, Mersin and Osmaniye
constituted the first five places. Konya, Adana, Mersin and Ankara which are placed at the top
five based on incidents are also placed at the top five in terms of suspects seizure. While the total
heroin seizures of the top five provinces was 1 ton and 180 kg in 2013; and in Van, which was on
the 11th position on the basis of incident numbers, 1 ton and 498 kg of heroin was seized, which
constitutes 15% of the overall seizures in Turkey.
When cannabis events are taken as the basis, İzmir, Adana, Diyarbakır, Gaziantep and Bursa are
the top 5 provinces in terms of the incident and suspect numbers. Diyarbakır, Adana, Şanlıurfa,
Osmaniye and Gaziantep are placed on the first five positions of the list with the rates of 28%,
10%, 8%, 5% and 4% respectively according to the amounts and rates of seizures.
İzmir is placed on the top of the list in terms of synthetic cannabinoid operations, Kocaeli on
the other hand is the first city in terms of ecstasy operations, Aydın possesses the first place
for methamphetamine operations while İstanbul has this position for cocaine operation and for
captagon the city where most operations were carried out is Hatay.
KOM 2014 Report 21
//
Narcotic Crimes
60,502 persons, who were involved in the drug crimes across Turkey, were arrested by KOM units
in 2014. While 63% of these individuals were subject to legal procedures because of marijuana,
13% of them was subject to these procedures because of synthetic cannabinoid (bonsai) crimes.
12,255 suspects were arrested in streets operations in 2014. The rate of the suspects arrested in
street operations is 21%.
727
BARTIN
STANBUL
1.155
YALOVA
SAKARYA
963
431
ÇANAKKALE
597
BURSA
1.995
B LEC K
215
BALIKES R
956
U AK
496
ZM R
5.958
471
TEK RDA
MU LA
1.060
DEN ZL
982
KONYA
AKSARAY
MAN SA
105675
ZM R
4.235
AYDIN
772
ANTALYA
1.770
KARAMAN
262
MU LA
581
1.338
YOZGAT
280
320
BURSA
RKÜTAHYA
173
273
N DE
247
DEN ZL
K.KALE
137
OSMAN YE
1.150
GAZ ANTEP
KARAMAN
157
ANTALYA
1.175
2.367
KİLİS
MERS N
280
2.121
KAYSER
514
GÜMÜ HANE
24
MU
204
411
ANLIURFA
ADANA
773
3.587
OSMAN YE
735
KARS
91
I DIR
MARD N
269
ELAZI S
BATMAN
293
A RI
153
VAN
BTUNCEL
TL S
24739
MALATYA
ARDAHAN
28
ERZURUM
616
16
42
D YARBAKIR
1.988
BAYBURT
ARTV N125
38
ERZ NCAN
207
S VAS
198
B NGÖL
196
MU
96
RT
619 223
120
ADIYAMAN
200
VAN
223
B TL S
154
D YARBAKIR
IRNAK
1.383
ANLIURFA
435
MARD N
191
HAKKAR
S RT41
BATMAN
150
125
IRNAK
79
GAZ ANTEP
1.541
HATAY
764
1 0 1 -5 0 0
5 1 -1 0 0
1 0 1 -5 0 0
5 0 1 -1 0 0 0
5 0 1 -1 0 0 0
1001+
1001+
Map 2: Distribution of Country- wide Suspect Numbers in 2014
Izmir, Adana, Gaziantep, Ankara, Mersin, Konya, Izmir, Antalya, Istanbul and Samsun stand out
remarkably in the density map. The incident and suspect concentration maps resemble each other
in terms of the top five cities. With a general statement; planned operations towards street sellers
in cities where the suspect numbers are dense are concentrated more.
Operations against the Domestic Drug Supplier Networks
One of the main strategies of the fight against drugs Turkey’s law enforcement is an effective
fight against street dealers. However, the operational activities carried out so far show that this is
not a problem that can only be solved with punitive measures. Without taking enough measures
towards the street dealing which is the living space of crimes or starting an awareness raising
and treatment/rehabilitation process within the frame of a common understanding with all of the
institutions and organization, it is not going to be possible to be successful against the street
dealers who have a sequenced process and organized structure. The key issue here is ensuring
the integrity between the preventive measures and the operational studies and making all of the
layers of the state a part of this fight.
Consequences emerging from the inadequate measures taken without establishing a causal relation
between crimes, criminals and society or making necessary determinations behind the crimes
sometimes make the problem more and more chronic. Therefore, the scope of the measures and
accurate use of efficacious analysis or analyzing the data correctly are as important as the fight
methods towards the crime and criminals.
22 KOM 2014 Report
73
616
KİLİS
192
MERS N
1.205
0 -5 0
5 1 -1 0 0
98
NGÖL
K.MARA
HATAY
1.363
0 -5 0
G RESUN
320
A RI
R ZE
273
205
TRABZON
116
1.066
AKSARAY
285
ADIYAMAN
391N DE
135
618
TOKAT
106 B
156
ELAZI
NEV EH R
90
1.338
ADANA
BURDUR
70 5.089
99
TUNCEL
56
I DIR
862
ORDU
179
YOZGAT
EH R
142
401
K.MARA
KONYA
ISPARTA
376
625
ÇORUM
MALATYA
KIR
817
A.KARAH SAR
178
U AK
ERZURUM
SAMSUN
86
KAYSER
KARS
180
BAYBURT
45
ERZ NCAN 1.046
AMASYA
92
ÇANKIRI
42
ANKARA
1.022
ESK EH R
176
S NOP
32
67
KARABÜK
73
S VAS
BOLU383
54
GÜMÜ HANE
74
163
ARDAHAN
58
R ZE
417
TRABZON
176
G RESUN
KASTAMONU
34
198
SAKARYA DÜZCE
370
574
B LEC K
76
1.496
NEV EH
229
BARTIN
198
ZONGULDAK
KOCAEL
YALOVA
KIR EH R
301
BALIKES R
518
ISPARTA
815
BURDUR
131
STANBUL
669
241
ÇANAKKALE
288
TOKAT
83
647
KIRIKKALE
2.222
ORDU
361
AMASYA
231
ÇORUM
KIRKLAREL
283
2.563
AYDIN
1.194
ARTV N
78
SAMSUN
2.043
ÇANKIRI
75
BOLU
87
ANKARA
A.KARAH SAR
378
S NOP
41
KARABÜK
122
ESK EH R
270
KÜTAHYA
290
MAN SA
896
DÜZCE
524
KASTAMONU
216
80
ZONGULDAK
407
KOCAEL
2.172
1.966
EDİRNE
ED RNE
KIRKLAREL
369
TEK RDA
HAKKAR
34
Narcotic Crimes
//
Countries use different methods for the fight against crimes/criminals depending on their social
and legal structure, dynamism and standards. Even though it is possible to encounter different
implementations of the adopted style and methods in each country the common approach in this
matter is to prevent the crime before it is formed.
This system called as “preventive law enforcement measures” in Turkey is the most modern and
permanent form of the dynamic and decisive approach of the state, which ensures the peace in
the society and raise the feeling of confidence of individuals specifically and of the society more
generally. Undoubtedly this method is most rational way of the ergonomic use of state facilities.
As of 2014, it is possible to say that dirge using has become a known fact in Turkish society and
now almost everyone from every social segments face this fact, which affects the society deeply.
This problem’s getting more and more chronic in Turkey as in all of the societies necessitates
studies over different fight strategies by reviewing the present methods and rudiments adopted
towards fight against this crime.
Although cannabis is still the most common street drug as in the previous years, synthetic
cannabinoids have also spread very fast and as of today become a drug being used almost all over
the country. In addition to this, the increase in methamphetamine seizures experienced in 2014
indicates that methamphetamine will be encountered in streets more in the previous years and the
sizes of this threat will increase.
In 2014, planned operations towards the street dealers were actualized by 80 KOM Provincial
Units except for Hakkari. As a result of the 893 planned operations, legal procedures were initiated
about 7,464 suspects. 2.550 (%34) out of 7464 (34%) seized suspects were arrested by the judicial
authorities for drug trafficking.
10.638
7.641
11.862
8.341
7.464
Suspects
Incidents
629
824
1.157
1.200
893
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Graph 23: Domestic Street Dealers Planned Operation Suspects and Incidents Numbers
Table 1: Risk Analysis and Informative Operation Statistics
YEAR
2013
2014
CHANGE %
Incidents
543
1.170
115
Suspects
2.323
3.765
62
KOM 2014 Report 23
//
Narcotic Crimes
Table 2: Seizures within the Scope of Fight against Street Dealers
DRUG TYPE
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2.458
3.155
5.663
5.859
1.368
Heroin (kg)
48
95
38
71
22
Opium (gr)
57
1.000
1
84
93
8
3
2
3
1
Captagon (Pcs)
12.051
46.207
10.167
17.648
11.904
Ecstasy (Unit)
49.604
165.899
60.950
167.593
92.249
6.316
2.502
6,004
2,062
1
50
41
50
Amphetamine (gr)
129
1.112
127
7
Methamphetamine (gr)
397
216
485
1.528
Cannabis (kg)
Cocaine (kg)
Synthetic Chemicals (Pcs)
Synthetic Cannabinoids (Kg)
Compared to the 2013, synthetic cannabinoid seizures increased by 141% across the country and
the increase for street seizures was 21%.
The cocaine amount seized in street operations decreased to 1 kg in 2014 and the seized
amphetamine decreased to 7 grams with a decreasing graphic.
While the methamphetamine seizures declined 15% across the country compared to the previous
year, the methamphetamine amount seized in the provinces especially like Aydın, Ankara and
Bursa increased 215% and reached to a rate which has to be taken into consideration.
Narcotic Unit (NARKOTIM) Project;
A project preparation study has been initiated in order to establish regional mobile and pedestrian
teams and to determine the equipment and staff number and types by determining the fight
rudiment against the street dealers in 2014 by the Provincial Anti-Narcotic Crimes Department
Presidencies and diving them into specific categories according to data of KOM Departments and
Group Directorates regarding population, geographical location, present personnel number and
statistics towards the seizures in streets.
As a result of the preparatory work being carried out NARKOTİM project was actualized on 11.12.2014
with the participation of Turkish Prime Minister Mr. Ahmet DAVUTOĞLU with the purposes of
1- Providing effective solutions towards the drug problem in direction of determinations to be
made locally,
2- Indicating the determination of the police in the fight against the crimes/criminals with
effective operations,
3- Carrying Turkey’s awareness raising activities and integrating the victims or addicts exposed
to this crime into the society with the cooperation of the concerning institutions/organization
24 KOM 2014 Report
//
Narcotic Crimes
with the cooperation/solidarity of all of the segments of the society,
4- and acquiring permanent and effective results with the administrative/judicial measures to be
taken with the scope of these activities.
“Basic Narcotics Expertness Training” was provided within the scope of this project in 4 periods
for 1,512 staff members to be assigned in 29 provinces.
The aim is to implement the project in 109 centres which means 81 provinces and 28 districts
within 2015.
BURSA
59
MU LA
50
KONYA
42
STANBUL
38
TEK RDA
35
ESK EH R
29
26
ZM R
OSMAN YE
25
AYDIN
24
HATAY
24
KOCAEL
19
ANTALYA
18
MERS N
17
ANKARA
17
SAMSUN
16
DEN ZL
16
MAN SA
16
GAZ ANTEP
15
ADANA
15
ÇANAKKALE
15
Graphic 24: Top 20 Provinces where the Planned Operations towards the Domestic Drug Networks were mostly
implemented in 2014
Other Fight Operations
Various projects were developed in 2014 in order to raise the efficacy of fight against the drug
demand and scheduled for the entire year.
 Narkotim Training: 865 staff members from the 1st stage provinces were trained within the
scope of the project for narcotics expertness between the dates of 15-19 September, 20-23
October and 03-07 November 2014.
Fight against Illegal Opium Cultivation Workshop: The “Illegal Opium Cultivation Workshop”
was held in Diyarbakır between the dates of 17 and 18 July 2014 with the participation of 36
representatives of various institutions.
KOM 2014 Report 25
//
Narcotic Crimes
Expertness Training Program: “Expertness Training against the Narcotics Fight” was
provided for the Province KOM personnel with the coordination of TADOC between the
dates of 28 and 29 May 2014.
Drug Themed TV Shows: Fight against the Drug themed Tv programs were organized on
TRT Haber, TRT Diyanet and A Haber channels with the participation of the Department
Manager of Anti-Narcotic Crimes Branch KOM as the guest.
Introduction of Drugs: A training seminar regarding the introduction of drugs, their affects and
storage methods was provided for the Penal Institutions staff members on 31st December
2014 in Penal Institutions Ankara Training Centre.
Applied Training with Risk Analysis: “Risk Analysis Training” was provided for the staff
officials working in the Provincial KOM Department in the different periods of 2014.
Drug Policy and Public Health Seminar: The department participated in the “International
Drug Policies and Public Health Seminar” held by the Turkish Green Crescent Society on
2nd October 2014.
International Terrorism and Transnational Crimes: The department also participated in the
“6th International Terrorism and Transnational Crimes Symposium” held in Antalya between
the dates of 5 and 7 December 2014.
International Cooperation in the Field of Fight against Drugs
Today internationally structured organized criminal organizations especially smuggle drugs and
psychotropic substances. In this context, it is important to improve cooperation between countries
to be successful in the fight against drug trafficking which is an international problem. Turkey that
is both a transit and target country in terms of drug trafficking aimed to terminate the activities of
these organizations by developing the cooperation with the countries located in the production
and consumption regions.
KOM Department carries out a binary cooperation in two dimensions for the fight against the drug
trafficking.
First of this is both the operational and analytical projects being carried out with international
organizations operating in the field of fight against drugs. Examples of such organizations are
UNODC, SELEC, OSCE, Interpol, INCB, CARICC and ECO. KOM Department supports the
formation of anti-drug policies by actively participating in the meetings organized by these
institutions.
The second is the operational cooperation which is carried out with the direct information and
intelligence exchange between the concerning departments within the reciprocal cooperation with
national departments of other countries and indirect information and intelligence exchange with
these cooperation through the intelligence officers.
26 KOM 2014 Report
Narcotic Crimes
//
KOM department places great importance on international cooperation and performs cooperation
and strategic cooperation projects with the institutions of many countries. 44 cooperation operations
were performed with 21 different countries in the last five years (from 2010 to 2014) within the
scope of the cooperation activities. As a result of these operations, 20 tons 956 kg of hashish,
2 tons 634 kg of heroin, 133 kg of cocaine, 3 kg of opium poppies, 25 kg of methamphetamine,
75,100 units of ecstasy, 216,000 units of synthetic drugs and 22,000 litters of acetic anhydride
were seized as well as 164 suspects.
In 2014 a total of 3 cooperation activities were performed by KOM Units with France (1), Germany
(1), and Georgia (1) within the scope of cooperation activities. As a result of these operations 918
kg 900 grams of heroin and 3 kg 251 grams of opium were seized along with 6 suspects.
Controlled Delivery
Controlled delivery is a special law enforcement application that aims to collapse the drug networks
with all of their connections and components. In this context, KOM Department keeps performing
international and national controlled delivery operations in coordination with the judicial authorities.
The number of controlled delivery operations has declined in the recent years. This situation arises
from the inability of determination of the drug activities within the necessary/reasonable period and
different applications for controlled delivery procedures of countries.
29 operations were executed by KOM Department with 9 different countries within the last five
years (From 2010 to 2014) within the scope of controlled delivery application. 105 kilograms of
heroin, 7 kilograms of cocaine, 62 kilograms of opium poppies, 1 kilogram of methamphetamine,
2 kilograms of mescaline and 21,000 units of ecstasy tablets were seized during these operations
as well as 47 suspects.
In 2014 9 different controlled delivery operations were carried out with Germany (4), Canada (2),
Sweden (1), Austria (1) and England (1) within the controlled delivery application. As a result of
these operations, 3 kg 835 grams of cocaine and 20 kg 172 grams of opium resin were seized
along with 14 persons.
KOM 2014 Report 27
//
Narcotic Crimes
Table 3: KOM Drug Statistics
DRUG STATISTICS 2013-2014 COMPARISON
CHANGE
(%)
VALUES
2013
2014
Number of Operations
32.726
36.579
Number of Suspects
57.417
60.502
5,4
166.267.992
83.886.550
-49,5
9.843.419
10.023.082
1,8
Opium/Gram
166.772
159.554
-4,3
Cocaine/Gram
429.742
377.443
-12,2
Captagon/Pcs
4.483.632
245.011
-94,5
Ecstasy/Pcs
3.306.853
1.535.009
-53,6
221.089
533.372
141,2
Khat/Gram
0
158.300
100,0
Amphetamine/Gram
0
19.280
100,0
101.100
88.979
-12,0
13.033
251
-98,1
7.527.434
7.938.289
5,5
Cannabis/Gram
Heroine/Gram
Synthetic Cannabinoids/Gram
Methamphetamine/Gram
Acetic Anhydride/Liter
Hemp Plant/Pcs
28 KOM 2014 Report
11,8
Fight against
Financial
Crimes
OVERVIEW OF THE FIGHT AGAINST FINANCIAL CRIMES
Financial crimes are the type of crimes that gain importance in terms of fighting every passing day
due to the globalization and developing technology. Fighting against these crimes in an effective
way means to cut the lifelines of criminals.
As corruption offenses, which are a type of financial crime, prevent the effective and efficient use
of public resources it is the main reason of unjust enrichment and inequality in income distribution.
Corruption offenses appear to the triggering factor for a variety of social issues deeply affecting
the society.
Units fighting against financial crimes fight against the crimes of corruption, aggravated fraud,
tax evasion and usury effectively. Thus, Turkey’s positive developments in economic, political and
social fields are being contributed.
Forgery is one of the types of crimes committed against the public confidence. Forgery of money
causes victimisation of Turkish citizens economically and some benefits are acquired by making
committing frauds on papers and the tax evasion crime causes income injustice.
Implementation of planned studies is becoming inevitable as well as the expertise and experience
in the fight against the crimes in question.
As the Department of Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime, we keep fighting for the determination
of forged money printing houses and the disclosure of the criminal organizations printing the forged
money within the scope of the fight against the fraud in money. Indeed, as a result of these studies
three forged money printing houses were identified in 2014 and the majority of the forged money
was seized before it is introduced into the market.
On the other hand, fight against the evasion of tax crime preventing the taxes from being collected
completely and fairly, which is one of the most important sources of the public services being
implemented in order to meet the common needs of the society possesses vital importance.
KOM 2014 Report 29
//
Fight Against Financial Crimes
By force of this importance, fighting operations, which are implemented in coordination with
the KOM in 2014, against the tax evasion crimecontribute to the maintenance of the tax justice
seriously. The tax evasions revealed as a result of the studies are the most important indication of
this.
Crime types related to the economic, commercial and industrial life are the types of crimes that
may affect the entire economical balances and cause the victimisation of a huge mass of people.
With this awareness, KOM Units have been fighting against the “Economy, Trade and Industry
Related Offences” and especially the crimes of usury and aggravated fraud effectively.
Emerging economic life brings new needs for individuals and changes their habits. As a result of
the consumption culture being triggered by the media and some other different means, the society
is directed to spend more than they need.
The increase in the number of POS devices depending on the popularization of credit cards use
eases usury crime to be committed via POS devices. Within the scope of fighting activities against
usury, mutual studies are carried out with the concerning institutions in order to prevent POS
devices and credit cards from being used for usury.
The most common victimization types that people and their relatives who are subject to violence
within the as part of usury activities and whose debt continues consistently although they make
payments emerge as social and psychological traumas such as bankruptcy, separation of families,
obligatory migrations, faith in the justice institutions being shaken, depressions and suicides.
KOM Units have been performing studies in order to disclose the criminal organizations committing
the aggravated fraud and usury crime across the country in an organized way. In addition to this,
studies being implemented aim to raise the awareness of the society towards the crime types in
question.
CRIMINAL TENDENCIES
Corruption Crimes
The scope of corruption offenses which can be defined as the abuse of public power in order to
ensure benefits varies from country to country. “Aggravated Fraud-Public Institutions Fraud (158
article/d and e clauses), Collusive Tendering (Article 235), Using Fraud in Fulfilment of Execution
(Article 236), Embezzlement (Article 247 ), Extortion (Article 250) and Bribery (Article 252)” regulated
by the different articles of 5237 numbered Turkish Penal Code are considered as corruption crimes.
30 KOM 2014 Report
Fight Against Financial Crimes
//
8,859
8,570
7,902
7,552
5,405
Incidents
Suspects
503
2010
874
752
2011
584
2012
584
2013
2014
Graphic 1: Corruption Crimes Suspects and Incident Numbers by Years
584 operations were implemented in 2014 by KOM Units within the scope of the fight against
the corruption crimes and 7,552 suspects were subject to legal procedures as a result of these
operations.
Table 1: Corruption Crimes Planned Operations (Sectoral Distribution-2014)
Study
Sector
Projected
Suspect
Public
Officer
Prisoner
Other
Total
Public
Officer
Other
Total
Health
36
31
146
177
6
36
42
Local Governments
36
91
198
289
1
0
1
Forensic Services
18
34
44
78
18
2
20
Training
22
27
119
146
4
9
13
Agriculture
22
33
1,283
1,316
0
9
9
Social Security
8
0
75
75
0
15
15
Public Institutions
Quality Institutions
8
3
8
11
0
0
0
Public finance
1
3
4
7
0
0
0
Other
24
35
84
119
1
7
8
5
13
41
54
1
1
2
Transportation
7
13
46
59
10
9
19
Bank
2
0
10
10
0
1
1
Title
Energy
4
2
64
66
2
0
2
Public Works
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Forestry
1
2
10
12
0
0
0
195
287
2,132
2,419
43
89
132
Total
While in 2013 258 planned corruption operations were implemented, the number in 2014 was 195.
Corruption crimes of “Collusive Tendering” and “Public Institution Fraud” were committed more
compared to other corruption offenses as a result of planned corruption operations implemented in
2014.
KOM 2014 Report 31
//
Fight Against Financial Crimes
9
15
4
67
Collusive Tendering
Public Institutions Fraud
Bribery
Embezzlement
43
Using Fraud in Fulfilment of Execution
Extortion
57
Graphic 2: Distribution of Corruption Crimes by Types in 2014
The economic value in the fields in which the corruption crimes are committed in 2014 turned out
to be around 3,5 Billion TL and the public loss emerged as a result of these crimes having been
committed was 85 Million TL.
Corruption Crimes
Corruption has become a crime type which can be committed more easily with developing
technology and globalization. Implementation of the fighting operations against the corruption
with an increasing momentum and attention has become something inevitable.
KOM Presidency attaches great importance to the planned and projected operations in order to
disclose the criminal organization by benefitting from the developing technological opportunities
and to the cooperation of national and international institutions.
In 2014, KOM units performed 9,649 operations 72 of which are planned operations within the
scope of the fight against forgery and 14,357 suspects were subject to legal procedures accordingly.
Since this crime type constitutes a wide variety of operations such forged money and document
printing and introduction of them into the market as well as the possibility of the actualization of the
forgery crimes anywhere in Turkey, we need an effective fight towards the printing houses where
these forged money and documents are printed and towards organizers.
Additionally we aim to preclude the victimization that Turkish citizens are exposed and to prevent
the faith in state from being shaken by performing operations towards the storages where the
forged money is kept collectively and towards the printing houses before they are introduced into
the market.
32 KOM 2014 Report
Fight Against Financial Crimes
//
Forged Money
Criminal organizations committing the crime of forged money prefer to implement the forgery
crimes by using inkjet printers following the developing technology very close and less risky
methods. Utilization of inkjet printers which provide more mobility instead of offset prints ratifies
the fighting operations towards the source of forged money.
Within the studies carried out by Provincial KOM unit under the coordination of KOM Presidency
in 2014 regarding the forged money crime which causes the victimization of Turkish citizens
economically 5285 operation were performed including 33 planned ones. 5,731 people were
subject to legal procedures as a result of these operations.
7.824
5.902
5.570
6.422
3.880
3.131
2010
4.965
4.299
2011
2012
2013
5.731
5.285
Suspects
Incidents
2014
Graphic 3: Money Fraud Suspect and Incident Numbers
3 forged money production houses were determined in İstanbul, İzmir and Balıkesir within the
scope of operations towards in order to determine the forged money printing places and disclose
the criminal organizations engaged in these activities. In printing houses which were determined
as a result of the operations it was determined that printing was carried out with 16 inkjet printers
and 1 copier machine.
Also as a result of operations carried out in order to catch individuals introducing forged money
into the market and to determine the storages where the money is kept; 2 different storages were
determined in İstanbul (1) and İzmir (1).
KOM 2014 Report 33
//
Fight Against Financial Crimes
519
TL
6.588
USD
EURO
11.588
Graphic 4: Comparison of the Forged Money Quantity Seized in 2014 (TL, USD and Euro) (Number)
61% of the forged money seized in 2014 consisted of Turkish Lira and the USD and Euro made up
36% and 3% of the seized money amount respectively.
8.112
1.003
999
23
2.044
200 TL
100 TL
50 TL
20 TL
2.655
10 TL
5 TL
4.587
Graphic 5: Comparison of Forged Money Seized in 2014 Based on Banknotes (Unit)
As a result of the operations carried out in 2014 for Turkish Lira, the banknote of 100 TL is the
forged money introduced into the market the most.
34 KOM 2014 Report
Fight Against Financial Crimes
5
//
87
100 USD
50 USD
1 USD
6.451
Graphic 6: Comparison of Forged Money Seized in 2014 Based on Banknotes (Unit)
As in 2013 for USD, the forged money seized the most in 2014 is the banknote of 100 USD.
11 6 2 9
500 EURO
200 EURO
100 EURO
50 EURO
20 EURO
482
Graphic 7: Comparison of Forged Money Seized in 2014 Based on Banknotes (Unit)
As in 2013 for EURO, the forged money seized the most in 2014 is the banknote of 200 EURO. It is
observed that the banknote of 200 EURO is mostly given to second hand mobile phone sellers by
contacting through virtual sale sites and meeting at hours when banks and exchange offices are
closed in return of mobile phones.
Additionally it is determined that the banknote of 100 USD has lately been introduced into the
market with the same method.
KOM 2014 Report 35
//
Fight Against Financial Crimes
Top 10 Provinces where Forged Money (TL, USD, EUR and other) is Seized the Most (Banknotes)
4.418
STANBUL
1.427
ZM R
Top 10 Provinces by the Number of Forged Money (TL, USD, Euro
and others) Incidents in 2014
1.056
BURSA
996
HATAY
ZM R
ADANA
784
ANTALYA
GAZ ANTEP
772
KOCAEL
KOCAEL
594
KONYA
578
BALIKES R
MU
469
465
502
330
BURSA
293
229
HATAY
222
GAZ ANTEP
216
BALIKES R
SAMSUN
190
180
MERS N
177
ADANA
176
Graphic 8: Top 10 Provinces Incident Number and Forged Money (TL, USD, EUR and other) Amount in 2012
Looking at the forged money incidents between the years of 2013 and 2014; in 45 forged money
incidents occurred in Antalya, Gaziantep, Hatay, Isparta, İzmir, Kahramanmaraş, Kilis, Mardin,
Mersin and Şanlıurfa 62 suspects were subject to legal procedures in 2013 and in 70 forged money
incidents in Adana, Adıyaman, Bursa, Edirne, Eskişehir, Gaziantep, Hatay, İzmir, Kahramanmaraş,
Konya, Mersin and Osmaniye 89 Syrian citizens were subject to legal procedures in 2014.
It is evaluated that forged money incidents in which Syrian citizens are engaged in 2014 increased
substantially and this increase is thought to increase in 2015 as well. Operations towards the
prevention of forged money incidents will be concentrated on the cities where Syrian citizens live
a lot and border cities by KOM units.
Forgery of Documents
Forgery of documents is generally the transition crime to other crimes and forgery of documents
is frequently applied with the purpose of committing other crimes. Each forged document seized
within this scope means prevention of another crime to be implemented with this document. Fight
against the forgery has vital importance in this term.
8,113 suspects were subject to legal procedures in 4,085 operations 26 of which was planned
within the scope of studies implemented by KOM Units under the coordination KOM Presidency
in 2014. In 2014 the number of planned operations for document forgery offense decreased 4%
compared to 2013.
36 KOM 2014 Report
Fight Against Financial Crimes
//
10.282
8.113
7.605
6.974
5.972
5.030
4.043
2010
2011
2.900
3.321
2012
2013
Suspects
Incidents
4.085
2014
Graphic 9: Fraud Suspects and Event Numbers
As in 2013, in 2014 the number of counterfeit vehicles technical inspection incidents decreased
radically because of the fact that General Directorate of Highways transferred vehicle inspection
to a private institution in 2009 and the vehicle inspection information became available through
Pol-Net.
Operations for the disclosure of individuals who took the central examinations organized by ÖSYM
and MEB in 2014 by using a joker or cheated through various ways and criminal organizations that
provided jokers and cheating for them were maintained.
The crimes of criminal organizations in which the employees and administrators of driving courses
are also engaged such as providing persons called jokers to take the exams or cheating in the
central examinations organized by the Ministry of National Education and especially in examinations
of Motor Vehicles Driver Candidates (MTSA) are observed to have continued in 2014.
751 suspects were subject to legal procedures in 350 operations 8 of which were planned within the
scope of studies carried out by Provincial KOM Units under the coordination of KOM Presidency in
2014 regarding the forgery incidents in the Motor Vehicles Driver Candidate Examinations (MTSAS).
The number of forgery incidents in MTSA examinations increased 25% in 2014 compared to 2013.
D YARBAKIR
92
ADANA
78
MARD N
IRNAK
MU
36
30
29
Graphic 10: Top 5 Provinces According to Forgery/Cheating Incident Numbers in MEB Examinations in 2014
KOM 2014 Report 37
//
Fight Against Financial Crimes
The number of forgery of documents incidents, especially passport and visa forgery, in which
Syrian citizens were involved in 2014 increased as it did in 2013 due to the internal turmoil in
Syria. 323 Syrian individuals were subject to legal procedures as a result of 245 document forgery
incidents occurred in 30 provinces such as Adana, Antalya, Edirne, Gaziantep, Hatay and Mersin
in 2014.
The number of document forgery incidents in which Syrian citizens were involved in 2014 increased
55% compared to 2013. This increase is considered to continue in 2015. Operations towards the
prevention of forged money incidents will be concentrated on the cities where Syrian citizens live
a lot and border cities by KOM units.
Tax Evasion
An important area of study within the scope of the fight against financial crimes is tax evasion.
While Turkey’s fight against tax evasion offenses strengthens every passing day, we encounter
different kinds of tax evasion methods in each operation. Considering the size of the damage that
state suffers , the importance of the determined fight against the tax evasion crime increases more
and more.
As a result of the operations, the fuel that is sold to vessels without Special Consumption Tax
due to their exemptions was determined to have been introduced into the internal market illegally.
The damage that the state suffered from this crime is estimated to be 274.835,6 TL as a result of
studies conducted.
Again in a study on the Special Consumption Tax (SCT) fraud in luxurious cars it is determined
that the Special Consumption Tax of 5,721 cars in 26 different brands was paid less. Inspections
carried out regarding the vehicles in question determined that the state was exposed to a total tax
loss of 1,406,390,362.57 TL; 1,062,004,704.43 TL of which was SCT and 344,385,685.22 TL of
which was TAX loss.
In an investigation carried out as a result of said determinations it was determined that vehicle
registrations were carried out through joker persons and joker firms for those who committed the
crimes of “Official document Forgery, Bribery, SCT Evasion, Car Trafficking”. In this context, a total
of 822,160,714,19 TL SCT loss was determined in 3.392 cars the SCT of which was determined to
have been paid less as a result of the examination carried out by an inspector in 3,785 cars.
251 operations 14 of which were planned were carried out in 2014 within the scope of the fight
against tax evasion crimes 463 suspects were subject to legal procedures. 37,244,897.81 TL of
state loss was prevented within the scope of inspections carried out.
38 KOM 2014 Report
Fight Against Financial Crimes
613
326
2010
555
493
515
285
281
302
2011
2012
2013
463
251
//
Suspects
Incidents
2014
Graphic 11: Tax Evasion Suspect and Incident Numbers
Organized Intellectual and Industrial Property Violations
Intellectual and industrial property rights are the financial and morals rights on every kind of literary
and artistic works produced as a result of the intellectual effort or personal skills of individuals in
the fields of science, art and industry.
KOM Units carry out mutual studies against the violations of intellectual property rights just like
other concerning units. Several operations were carried out in Istanbul in 2014 within this scope.
KOM Presidency officials participated in the operation called “Black Poseidon” whose target
was to fight against the industrial property rights violations with the participation of 5 Eastern
European countries including Turkey Under the coordination of Interpol General Secretariat and
took active parts in the international meetings with the subject of the continuation and evaluation
of the operation.
Meetings were held in order to enhance cooperation in combating against drug counterfeiting and
to exchange information and experience mutually.
Studies such as police cooperation and information share with other countries continue towards
the crimes of intellectual and industrial right violations within the frame of bilateral and multilateral
agreements.
Economic Crimes
Fight against the economic crimes is generally concentrated on “Aggravated Fraud” and “Usury”.
Usury and aggravated fraud crimes threatens the general security of the society as well as targeting
the financial and moral values of individuals. Turkey’s goal of fight against this crime is to take
various measures to prevent Turkish citizens from being exposed to victimization by cooperating
all of the concerning institutions, to reveal offenders if the crime has been committed and to try
to resolve the victimization. Developing technology and living conditions ease “aggravated fraud”
and “usury” crimes to become prevalent and the way they are committed. For this reason risk
indicators must be analyzed well and the methods used for fight against the crime be updated
continuously.
KOM 2014 Report 39
//
Fight Against Financial Crimes
Aggravated Fraud
“Aggravated Fraud” crime located in the category of crimes committed against assets in the Turkish
Penal Code is not only limited to the breakdown of the economic system, it also damages the peace
and confidence environment due to the victimisation of individuals. While the criminal organizations get
wealthier in an unfair way, the faith of victims and the society in the state and peace is shaken. Fight
against the proceeds acquired from the crime is one of the priorities of KOM Units for the elimination
of victimization experienced, re-establishment of the confidence in state and the peace environment.
In the fight against the aggravated forgery, methods determined by the analysis studies of KOM
Presidency regarding the forgery committed across the country are shared with the Provincial
KOM Units. Studies for providing evidence for the crimes are being carried out in order to reveal
the economical dimension of the crime and to seize the proceeds acquired from the crime and
return to victims.
Graphics of Incident-Suspects and Planned Operations by Years in aggravated fraud crimes:
4.373
4.232
3.325
3.415
Suspects
2.653
Incidents
1048
2010
720
2011
1185
2012
592
587
2013
2014
Graphic 12: Aggravated Fraud Suspect and Incident Numbers
The most common method of aggravated fraud in 2014 is listed below.

Prepayment fraud:
It is observed that the pre-payment fraud is getting more popular as the internet access and
other communication tools are used more, and although it is a type of crime being committed
individually, it is also carried out by criminal organizations capable of committing international
criminal incidents.
The criminal organizations contact with the target persons through communication tools in a
corporate institution disguise to strengthen their persuasiveness and request the target persons to
make “pre-payments” of expenses for huge gains promised.

Lottery Fraud:
Target individuals, whose information are acquired beforehand, are contacted through their phones
and they are told that they win money or a car in the lottery/draw and some amount of money is
requested for the delivery expense of the car or the money or under the name of tax and the victims
are asked to send money through various payment methods and unfair proceeds are acquired.
40 KOM 2014 Report
Fight Against Financial Crimes
//
Upon receiving the news from the Germany Federal Investigation Office (FDA) about the German
citizens being defrauded through the method of “Pre-Payment Fraud and Lottery Fraud”,
operations have been started by the General Directorate of Security of Istanbul and 148 suspects
were subject to legal procedures due to the crime of “Transnational Aggravated Fraud as a result
of the concurrent operations carried out in İstanbul and İzmir on 23th December 2014 and 14 of
these suspects were arrested. Moreover, it was identified that suspects gained around 8.2 million
EUROs of profit.
 Check Fraud:
Criminal organizations maintain the trust of the market and banks by applying to banks for checks
with the front companies they establish and making fraudulent payments to their check accounts
and making individuals exposed to victimization by introducing the checks into the market and
not making the payments. Another fraud method is the production of fraud checks supplied from
banks or introduction of the provided checks into the market by falsifying the numbers available
on these checks.
 Bank Fraud:
This is an aggravated fraud method in which the identity information of others in order to utilize
credits that are not supposed to be used by banks or other credit supplying institutions, forged
documents expressing the deceptive income level are used and issued, bank workers are affiliated
to the criminal organizations, persons on behalf of whom credits are taken are unaware of this,
some persons take credits illegally (forged documents etc.) because they cannot take credits from
banks in proper ways, banks and individuals are exposed to victimization.
132
98
76
49
46
AK
10
U
S
N
16
M
ER
ZL
DE
N
KA
RA
16
D
YA
RB
17
AN
AK
IR
A
N
AD
A
R
ZM
RF
A
AN
LI
U
L
BU
ST
AN
AN
TA
LY
A
20
Graphic 13: Top 10 Provinces According to Aggravated Fraud Numbers (2014)
KOM 2014 Report 41
//
Fight Against Financial Crimes
Usury
Usury is the provision of credits of legally unauthorized persons or organizations in return of interest.
Crime of usury is a type of crime in which persons who cannot take credits from the concerning
institutions or who don’t want to take credits from them are applied to people called usurers.
Commercial activities are used coverings in order to hide the usury activities. As well as the use
of violence for collection by moneylenders, the debt is collected by legal means, too (execution
proceedings etc.). It is determined that usurers providing money in return of checks and bills
(classical usury) take over the cars of the borrowers in order to guarantee their money as a pledge
and sometimes do not return their cars although borrowers pay the money back completely.
Another reason why the usury has become more popular lately is the usury committed via POS
devices of banks becoming more prevalent across the country. Prevalence of credit card use,
usurers having no problem in terms of the collection of the money and usurer providing money
with less rates than banks do for the victims and little waiting time for the collection of money
are matters that make usury via POS device more widespread. POS usury crimes are tried to
be covered by issuing invoice suitable for the withdrawal operations and by using POS devices
supplied for the businesses where products (such as gold, airtime minutes etc.) exempt from the
value added tax.
The number of incidents-suspects and planned operations regarding usury are demonstrated with
Graphics:
1.767
1.562
1.641
625
631
713
2010
2011
2012
1.686
Suspects
Graphic 14: Usury Suspect and Event Number by Year
42 KOM 2014 Report
2.012
827
2013
694
2014
Incidents
Fight Against Financial Crimes
//
Ministry of Taxes of the Supervisory Board determined many individuals and firms that are identified
to commit usury crime via POS devices as a result of operations being carried out mutually and
shared this information with concerning units.
93
73
67
2011
71
2012
2013
2014
Graphic 15: Planned Usury Crime Operations by Year
Removal or restriction of the instalment payment opportunity of buying various products (mobile
phone and gold) with credit cards are ensured as a result of the mutual operations carried out and
it is determined that usury with POS device has tended to decrease depending on this regulation.
Provinces where usury incidents occur most are demonstrated with graphics:
134
D
22
ZL
YA
24
N
AN
ZM
R
YE
25
DE
36
KO
N
YA
R
BA
TA
LY
A
KI
R
38
O
SM
40
AN
AN
A
44
AD
BU
L
47
ST
AN
U
RF
A
LI
AN
AN
KA
RA
50
Graphic 16: Top 10 Provinces According to Usury Event Number (2014)
KOM 2014 Report 43
//
Fight Against Financial Crimes
FINANCIAL CRIMES 2014 GENERAL STATISTICS
KIRKLAREL
73
ED RNE
174
ZONGULDAK
STANBUL
205
TEK RDA
190
99
KOCAEL
469
YALOVA
84
BURSA
424
ÇANAKKALE
139
SAKARYA
41
59
248
KÜTAHYA
61
ORDU
91
AMASYA
96
ÇORUM
G RESUN
KIRAKKALE
29
TUNCEL
4
KIR EH R
13
MAN SA
112
A.KARAH SAR
49
DEN ZL
267
ISPARTA
115
171
U AK
ZM R
1.277
MU LA
247
NEV EH R
KONYA
387
KAYSER
45
28
AKSARAY
51
76
1.304
OSMAN YE
147
MU
64
22
15
D YARBAKIR
BATMAN
77
MARD N
65
ANLIURFA
213
GAZ ANTEP
582
VAN
40
B TL S
ADIYAMAN
ADANA
682
A RI
57
B NGÖL
395
K.MARA
156
KARAMAN
27
ANTALYA
I DIR
23
54
158
BURDUR
42
KARS
57
ERZURUM
ELAZI
75
MALATYA
N DE
44
BAYBURT
4
ERZ NCAN
29
S VAS
45
YOZGAT
42
ARDAHAN
27
R ZE
31
TRABZON
39
GÜMÜ HANE
23
48
TOKAT
41
42
57
ARTV N
12
SAMSUN
272
ÇANKIRI
22
ANKARA
328
ESK EH R
S NOP
13
KASTAMONU
60
63
KARABÜK
BOLU
33
B LEC K
49
BALIKES R
AYDIN
194
DÜZCE
BARTIN
14
S RT
43
HAKKAR
39
IRNAK
96
KLS
59
MERS N
397
HATAY
386
1-50
51-100
101-150
151-250
251-500
>501
Map 1: Financial Crimes Event Number by Province in 2014
29.036
30.637
30.935
28.240
29.417
Suspects
Incidents
11.896
2010
12.160
2011
13.463
2012
11.564
2013
12.178
2014
Graphic 17: Financial Crimes Suspect and Incident Numbers
318
2010
392
427
2011
2012
Graphic 18: Number of Planned Financial Crimes Operations
44 KOM 2014 Report
480
350
2013
2014
Fight Against Financial Crimes
//
FIGHT ACTIVITIES AGAINST FINANCIAL CRIMES
General Fight Activities
Training activities have been given more weight in order to increase the operation skills of the
Provincial KOM Units within the scope of the fight against financial crimes. In this context, new
developments being experienced in the financial crimes and sectors, the methods and ways
used in crimes, model studies being carried out by the combative units and information that may
contribute to the fight are shared with the Provincial Units through KOM-NET. In this context,
effective fight against crime is spread throughout the country.
Also regional workshops and meetings were held with the participation of the provincial unit staff
members in order to increase the effectiveness and success in the fight, to evaluate the problems
experienced in the operations and solution recommendations and to raise awareness regarding
financial crimes (corruption, forgery and economical crimes) with the participation of provincial
units.
Anti-Corruption Studies
 The Department participated in the “5th Consultation Meeting” in which necessary
operations were discussed regarding the audit of irregularity and corruption allegations
about the projects funded by the financial sources of EU by the Inspection Board of AntiCorruption Coordination Unit of the Prime Ministry (AFCOS) held on 08.01.2014.
In the meeting held with the presidency of Inspection Board of the Prime Ministry on
04/28/2014, issues such as G-20, the anti-corruption working group activities and anticorruption questionnaire being answered by the participant groups were discussed.
And the Department participated in the “United Nations (UN) Anti-Corruption Convention
(YMS) Implementation Review Working Group 5th Meeting” between the dates of 2 and 6
June 2014 in Wien, Austria.
Studies on Fight against Economic Crimes
 The Department participated in the meeting of “Investigation of Usury Activities” in Tax
Control Board building on 01.09.2014.
Another meeting that the Department participated is the “Call Centre Fraud and Luxurious
Automobile Smuggling” meeting organized by the Federal Police Office of Germany (BKA)
on 22.01.2014.
In the meeting organized in the Presidency of KOM Department on 30.01.2014 information
exchange regarding “Lottery Fraud” was carried out with the communication officer of the
Austrian Police Office.
In the meeting organized in the Presidency of KOM Department on 06.02.2014 information
exchange regarding “Lottery Fraud” was carried out with the communication officer of the
Federal Police Office of Germany.
KOM 2014 Report 45
//
Fight Against Financial Crimes
In the meeting organized in the Presidency of KOM Department on 29.05.2014 information
exchange regarding “Call Centre Fraud” was carried out with the communication officer of
the Federal Police Office of Germany.
The Department participated in the meeting organized by the Turkish Patent Institute on
18.06.2014 in TOBB Building within the scope of “Intellectual, Industrial Right and R&D
Technical Committee 2013-2014 Technical Committee Studies”.
Another participated meeting is “6th INTERPOL Sports Handicapping Prevention Task Force
Meeting (Central Directorate of Criminal Police)” held in Rome, Italy on 22.11.2014.
Anti-Fraud Studies
Also another meeting that the Department participated was “Recording the Sector by
Analyzing the Current Implementations of Urban Transportation, Ensuring the Feasibility
of the Electronic Toll Collection Systems (EÜTS) in terms of Tax Laws and Maximizing the
Compliance of Tax Payers Operating in this Sector with the Taxes” in the Presidency of Tax
Control Board of the Finance Ministry on 09.01.2014.
The Department participated in the meeting with the title of “More Effective and Productive
Use of Taxes within the scope of Intellectual Property Crimes” organized in the Turkish
Patent Institute on 14.01.2014.
The Department participated in the training with the title of “Southern Europe and Turkey’s
Protection against EURO Fraud” organized by the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) in
Bucharest, Romania between the dates of 25 and 27 February 2014.
In the meeting organized in the Presidency of KOM Department on 01.04.2014 information
exchange regarding “SCT Forgery in Luxurious Automobiles” was carried out with the
customs communication officer of the Federal Police Office of Germany.
KİHB Department officials, the Turkish Patent Institute officials, General Directorate of
Gendarmerie officials, private sector representatives and the Police Headquarters Security
Department officials, as well as the KOM officers participated in the meeting of “Healing of
the Investment Environment Coordination Board (YOIKK) Intellectual Property Violations”
held on 29.04.2014.
The Department also participated in the meeting of “11th South-Eastern Euro Conference”
held in Montenegro by the Anti-Fraud Office of Europe (OLAF) between the dates of 19 and
23 May 2014
On 21.05.2014, the department participated in meetings regarding the visa liberalization
dialogue between Turkey and the European Union with the committee came from EU in the
Prime Ministry Inspection Board Office.
The Department also participated in the meeting held at the Ankara Hotel Convention
Centre (Pharmaceutical Security Institute) with the participation of member pharmaceutical
companies, senior security experts from the pharmaceutical companies, and the United
Kingdom and United States government representatives on 25.09.2014.
46 KOM 2014 Report
Fight Against Financial Crimes
//

The Department also participated in the meeting held in the Hall of Traffic Implementation
and Inspection Office regarding the report, prepared by the Inspector of Science Industry
and Technology Ministry, on the issue that Turkey is exposed to Special Consumption Tax
loss because Mercedes-Benz branded Vito/Viano and Sprinter commercial titled cars are
classified in a different cluster than Europe during importation with the participation of the
officials from Proceed Administration, the Customs and Trade Ministry and the Ministry of
Commerce, Science, Industry and Technology Ministry and the Turkish Standards Institute
on 25.09.2014.
The Department participated in the course titled “Tax Evasion” held by the European Police
College (CEPOL) between the dates of 25 and 27 November 2014 in Rome, Italy.
Between the dates of 1 and 3 December 2014, the Department also participated in the
meeting held in Paris, France in order to develop the collaboration between Turkey and
France within the frame of detective cooperation activities in the field of the fight against
drug counterfeiting, to share information and experience mutually.
KOM 2014 Report 47
Fight Against
Smuggling
OVERVIEW OF THE FIGHT AGAINST SMUGGLING CRIMES
Smuggling crimes vary a lot regarding commercial products subject to crimes and the way these
crimes are committed. Increases and decreases in different smuggling types may be observed
cyclically.
Damages that smuggling tobacco products and alcoholic drinks bring to Turkey’s security
and economy and threats they create oblige the effective fight and cooperation between the
corporations. KOM Department and provincial divisions, starting from these differences, have
implemented many successful operations in the border cities and the cities and metropolis in the
transition routes. It has been observed that especially articulated Lorries with counterfeit customs
seal have been used for cigarette trafficking frequently in order to hide the huge deliveries within
the country. In addition to this, the method of using drinks produced with fake alcohol has still
been popular in alcohol smuggling crimes. Also, the number of Syrians arrested due to cigarette
and alcoholic drinks crimes has increased drastically compared to previous years. Although the
number of suspects and incidents decreased in 2014 compared to the previous year, the fact
that the amount of seized smuggled cigarette and alcoholic drinks being almost the same as
the previous year shows that the department carried out mass/huge seizures by implementing
effective operations towards the persons and organizations responsible for the crimes.
Oil smuggling, among other smuggling activities, has an important place in Turkey. Turkey is exposed
to oil smuggling because it is adjacent to producer countries where cheap fuel sale is available,
and fuel price in these countries is low compared to Turkey. In addition, authority vacancies and
internal conflicts in some of the neighbouring countries of Turkey cause oil smuggling in Turkish
borders.
Another smuggling type, which harms the society’s health, causes tax losses, triggers greyeconomy, and causes decreases in the employment, is commodity (goods) smuggling. Commodity
smuggling varies a lot due to the fact that commercial products subject to the crime and the
method the crime is committed. Smuggling regarding electronics, pharmaceuticals, automobiles,
livestock and meat, foodstuffs, personal use materials, textiles and household goods is regarded
as the type of commodity smuggling.
KOM 2014 Raporu 49
//
Fight Against Smuggling
Turkey, hosting the richest and invaluable historical artefacts of the world, is one of the “source”
countries as for the historical artefact smuggling, and holds a place as a “transit” country as for
the delivery of historical artefacts with archaeological and religious contents brought from the
neighbouring countries to Europe.
Turkey is regarded as a source, transit, and target country in terms of migrant smuggling, and as
a target country in terms of human trafficking activities.
In addition to the operational activities, a fighting action plan was prepared in different crime titles
in order to enhance the effectiveness of the fight against smuggling. National and international
cooperation and coordination activities were organized and workshops were held.
CRIME TRENDS
Smuggling Oil
4,901 operations were carried out in 2014 within the scope of fight against oil smuggling. 7.182
suspects were taken into custody as a result of these operations, and 13,701,101 litres of smuggled
oil and derivatives were seized.
When oil smuggling data of 2014 is analyzed, it is observed that the number of incidents increased
33%, and increase in terms of suspects is 18%.
7.182
6.082
Suspects
3.964
2.785
1.392
2010
Incidents
4.016
3.691
2.014
2011
2.001
2012
2013
Graphic 1: Fuel Oil Smuggling Suspects by Year and Number of Incidents
50 KOM 2014 Report
4.901
2014
Fight Against Smuggling
//
When the fuel oil smuggling data of 2014 is analyzed; despite the increase in the number of
suspects and incidents, the amount of seized oil decreased 21% compared to 2013.
17.422.557
16.411.404
13.701.101
10.345.692
7.652.838
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Graphic 2: Amounts of Seized Smuggled Oil by Year (litres)
85.886
AR
A
Ş
KI
R
AN
M
M
RA
KA
H
D
YA
R
BA
İS
AR
AK
H
RA
KA
N
YO
AF
88.834
95.411
108.159
122.673
U
AN
SA
122.841
BA
TM
AN
DE
N
M
N
126.072
142.056
154.363
YE
AR
D
M
347.947
172.502
AN
R
SM
O
KA
YS
E
517.523
RF
A
U
S
N
LI
AN
ER
M
N
YA
KO
RA
615.662
620.877
681.847
KA
AN
L
C
AE
KO
ST
AN
BU
R
L
683.281
703.337
916.098
P
TE
İZ
M
A
N
G
AZ
AN
AD
A
H
AT
AY
948.568
5.330.994
Operations carried out in 2014 against oil smuggling were performed in the cities where the
population and oil consumption is high. These are the cities in the route of transit land transportation
and the border cities in the east and south-east of the country. It is observed that the number of
smuggled oil seizures increased in the Syrian border cities, especially in Hatay or the cities that are
close to this area.
Graphic 3: Top20 Provinces where smuggled oil is seized the most (litres) in 2014
On the other hand, analyzing the 2014 smuggling data, it was found out that the product which
was smuggled the most was diesel oil and some products released in the market other than fuels
in order to replace this product.
KOM 2014 Report 51
//
Fight Against Smuggling
Table 1: Amounts and Types of Seized Smuggled Oil by Years (litres)
Fuel Type
Diesel fuel
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
4.251.300
4.928.451
5.783.696
7.924.632
8.651.333
Petrol
123.155
65.910
66.988
27.427
13.817
Fuel-Oil
111.518
236.021
1.146.221
82.898
80.768
Solvent
374.471
487.155
924.393
60.876
17.150
39.760
460
30.916
15.000
---
1.999.776
2.727.591
4.525.607
3.933.143
2.773.746
4.778
93.343
357.074
283.923
208.605
745.250
1.597.615
1.800.387
2.128.417
1.544.460
---
---
57.855
247.262
72.319
2.830
102.713
326.217
112.320
290.089
---
98.154
1.392.050
2.606.659
48.814
7.652.838
10.345.692
16.411.404
17.422.557
13.701.101
Bio-Diesel
Mixed Fuel
Crude Oil
Mineral Oil
Lpg
Kerosene
Jet Fuel
Total
Tobacco Products and Alcoholic Beverages Smuggling
22,554 suspects were arrested, 106,431,665 packages of smuggled cigarettes and 143,628
bottles of alcoholic beverages were seized in 15,744 incidents within the scope of fight against
tobacco products and alcoholic drinks smuggling in 2014. The number of incidents and suspects
decreased 24% and 27% respectively in 2014 compared to the previous year. While the seized
contraband in alcoholic beverages increased 6%, smuggled cigarettes decreased 2%. However, it
is observed that the seizures of fake alcoholic drink factories increased 257%.
30.860
24.427
19.477
14.733
10.264
2010
12.925
2011
20.779
16.492
2012
22.554
15.744
2013
Suspects
Incidents
2014
Graphic 4: The Number of Suspects and Incidents of Tobacco Products and Alcoholic Beverages Smuggling
52 KOM 2014 Report
Fight Against Smuggling
//
Tobacco Products Smuggling
Tobacco products smuggling affects tax revenues, legal market competition conditions, registered
employment and development of local industry negatively. However, it constitutes a financial
source for terrorists and organized criminal groups. Cigarette smuggling has stood out because of
the reasons such as punishments not being so disincentive as the punishments of narcotic crimes
and high profitability.
In addition, there is not a legal regulation for the use and sale of cigarettes, and that some users
in the society prefer smuggled tobacco products allows smuggled cigarettes to be popular in the
market. One of the most popular reasons why some people in society prefer smuggled cigarette
is that people perceive cigarette smuggling as only an evasion of taxes and prices are lower
compared to labelled cigarettes.
Threat that smuggled tobacco products pose for Turkey grows increasingly. KOM Department
estimates the tax loss caused by the smuggled cigarettes in 2014 reached to 520 million Turkish
Liras. It is a known fact that PKK/KCK terrorist organization racketeers just before smuggled
cigarettes enter from the border to Turkey with the name of tax. Considering that 80% of the seized
smuggled cigarettes across Turkey have entered from the East and South-East region borders in
recent years, it is obvious that the terrorist organization acquires huge amounts of revenues.
Approximately 50% of the contraband cigarettes seized in Turkey in 2014 are of Bulgarian origin
(Prestige- Victory-M & M), 30% of China (J & J-Ashima-Marble), Indonesia (United), Poland
(Brilliant), Armenia (The Akhdamar), United Arab Emirates (Capital), Moldova (MT), Jordan (Mikado)
and Georgia (Pırvelli) and 10% of other countries, and 10% of them are cigarettes exported to
foreign countries from Turkey and entered to Turkey again illegally.
Bulgaria, China, Indonesia, United Arab Emirates origin cigarettes are brought to the border regions
of Turkey through Dubia Jebel Ali Port Free Trade Zone and Iran Bandar Abbas Port and through
Iraq/Syria/Iran and stored and after that they are entered to Turkey illegally.
Exports performed regarding the cigarettes mentioned above are not directly proportional with
the population or internal consumption of the countries that they are imported. In addition to the
absence, neither of any legal warnings nor in the language of the exported country neither in any
other languages on the seized contraband cigarettes and there is also not any inscription regarding
the target market. Stated reasons strengthen the suspicion that the final usage location of these
cigarettes is not the countries that they are exported.
It is observed that contraband cigarettes entered into Turkey through the East and South-East
region and are generally stored in Ağrı, Şırnak and Hakkari, and delivered to other cities through
Iğdır, Erzuum, Muş, Bingöl, Malatya, Erzincan, Sivas, Bitlis, Mardin, Diyarbakır, Şanlıurfa, Gaziantep
and Adana.
Turkey-targeted cigarette smuggling increased from Iran; however, entries from Iraqi and Syrian
border still continue. Looking at the methods used in cigarette smuggling incidents happened in
2014;
KOM 2014 Report 53
//
Fight Against Smuggling
➢ Border violations made by human couriers or vehicles,
➢ Violation of the customs transit regime,
➢ Abuse of the passenger exemption,
➢ Stocking/Hiding,
➢ Cargo delivery methods are observed.
108.243.473
106.431.665
2013
2014
99.100.151
69.730.125
43.545.267
2010
2011
2012
ED RNE
Graphic 5: Contraband Cigarettes Seizure Amount (Package)
150.530
KIRKLAREL
109.420
TEK RDA
251.250
BARTIN
STANBUL
3.773.726
KOCAEL
7.800.201
YALOVA
29.640
ÇANAKKALE
12.512
BURSA
B LEC K
9.873
1.170.796
BALIKES R
120.004
718.759
ZM R
3.821.933
U AK
1.651.614
KARABÜK
4.766
MU LA
16.382
6.634
AMASYA
809.757
ÇORUM
961.162
3.300.038
K.KALE
1.302.910
DEN ZL
BURDUR
7.066
ANTALYA
2.351.939
2.303.851
216.379
381.845
BAYBURT
252.621
D YARBAKIR
6.803.875
1.716.281
GAZ ANTEP
KLS
MERS N
1.341.876
HATAY
BATMAN
2.184.015
ANLIURFA
1.411.045
VAN
914.578
B TL S
5.007.327
ADIYAMAN
147.426
612.391
OSMAN YE
A RI
5.394.485
MU
140.288
574.650
K.MARA
ADANA
I DIR
4.409.855
ELAZI
MALATYA
719.953
N DE
146.402
KARS
382.804
ERZURUM
B NGÖL
TUNCEL
24.243
KAYSER
2.096.569
KARAMAN
95.184
GÜMÜ HANE
ARDAHAN
20.878
ERZ NCAN
2.754.734
S VAS
AKSARAY
2.478.513
ISPARTA
8.987
676.053
13.261
TOKAT
R ZE
122.484
TRABZON
319.534
G RESUN
767.918
NEV EH R23.654
KONYA
ORDU
865.156
YOZGAT
KIR EH R
208.174
A.KARAH SAR
102.449
ARTV N
117.484
SAMSUN
561.332
ÇANKIRI
544.480
2.505.101
AYDIN
150.810
S NOP
0
KASTAMONU
0
ANKARA
ESK EH R
208.694
KÜTAHYA
96.817
MAN SA
ZONGULDAK
1.470
SAKARYA
DÜZCE
498.032 120.380
BOLU
379.054
951.706
MARD N
2.787.333
S RT
1.268.214
IRNAK
3.812.368
7.876.112
HAKKAR
948.748
2.397.409
3.535.375
1.745.740
1.904.356
0 - 250.000
250.001 -1.000.000
1.000.001-2.500.000
Map 1: Amounts of Contraband Cigarettes Seized by Provinces (Package)
54 KOM 2014 Report
2.500.001-5.000.000
> 5.000.001
//
KA
AK
RB
Dİ
YA
YS
IR
ER
İ
2.096.569
2.184.015
2.303.851
S
VA
A
LY
TA
AN
RF
U
LI
N
ŞA
Sİ
A
2.351.939
2.397.409
2.478.513
Y
RA
YA
SA
AK
AN
KO
N
C
N
Zİ
ER
2.505.101
2.754.734
2.787.333
N
Dİ
RA
AR
M
P
KA
AN
L
TE
G
AZ
İA
N
BU
N
TA
İS
3.300.038
3.535.375
3.773.726
3.812.368
3.821.933
AK
İR
RN
ŞI
M
İZ
M
4.409.855
5.007.327
İS
RU
ZU
ER
RI
5.394.485
TL
Bİ
6.803.875
A
AN
AĞ
7.800.201
Lİ
AD
AE
VA
KO
C
N
7.876.112
Fight Against Smuggling
Graphic 6: Top 20 Provinces where the Most Contraband Cigarettes Sized in 2014 (Package)
Alcoholic Drinks Smuggling and Counterfeiting
Smuggling of alcoholic beverages is performed through various methods such as the abuse of
passenger exemption of the products available in duty-free shops and introduction of the products
which are supposed to be delivered to other countries within the scope of transit into the internal
market and hiding inside the legally imported products.
However, illegal use of legally supplied banners eases the introduction of alcoholic drinks entered
Turkey via various methods and fake versions of which are produced in the internal market.
Since the introduction of the counterfeit products into the market with counterfeit or imitated
banderols after having produced constitutes great importance for the public health, KOM Units
carry out operations with great sensibility. In fact, 50 fake alcohol factories have been revealed
after the operations, and necessary legal procedures have been initiated for the arrested suspects.
It is observed that alcoholic drinks smuggling and counterfeiting are concentrated in cities across
Mediterranean and Aegean coastal that have ports and a tourism potential.
KOM 2014 Report 55
//
Fight Against Smuggling
362.731
291.577
244.158
2010
2011
2012
135.191
143.628
2013
2014
1.136
N
Dİ
M
AR
S
1.304
1.535
İN
Lİ
Kİ
1.633
E
AR
TV
İ
N
İR
ED
EL
KL
KI
R
AN
TA
AR
LY
N
A
2.047
2.432
2.546
2.668
A
ZO
RS
TR
AB
BU
ER
İ
P
YS
TE
KA
N
İA
AZ
G
2.687
2.706
3.675
RA
R
U
KA
AN
N
RD
BU
U
AY
G
İR
ES
AT
4.301
5.028
5.231
6.100
LA
H
Ğ
Ğ
U
M
A
N
RD
A
TE
Kİ
Sİ
ER
M
İZ
L
BU
AN
AD
N
İS
TA
M
İR
7.124
12.383
16.449
22.406
31.570
Graphic 7: Amounts of Fake Alcohol Seizure (Bottle)
Graphic 8: Top 20 Provinces where Smuggled Alcohol is Seized the most in 2014 (Bottle)
Goods (Commodity) Smuggling
Commodity smuggling constitutes an important crime type to fight because it affects the economy
of Turkey negatively.
Besides the economic impact, it obviously affects public health substantially. Smuggled products
(food, medicine, cosmetics products etc.) especially which are transported, stored and packaged
and introduced into the market under unhealthy conditions without any inspection, put the lives of
the society into danger.
56 KOM 2014 Report
Fight Against Smuggling
//
This is why fight against commodity smuggling has a vital importance in terms of protection of
human health.
Prominent crime titles of the commodity smuggling that has a wide range of commercial products
subject to crime are as follows:
1. Electronic Goods Trafficking (mobile phones, watches, medical devices, etc.)
2. Smuggling of food products (tea, sugar, red meat, almonds, walnuts, etc.)
3. Personal Use Products Smuggling (medicines, cosmetics products, glasses, lighters etc.)
4. Various Commodity Smuggling (textile and household products, gold, hardware, etc.)
5. Automobile Smuggling (automobiles, auto spare parts etc.)
6. Livestock Smuggling (Cattle, small cattle etc.)
7. Export-Import Smuggling
8. Smuggling Committed via the Internet (Drop shipping)
Changes in human requirements with seasonal and developing technology, tax rate difference
between countries and consumers’ leading to cheaper products depending on the market
conditions determine the periodical trends in the commodity smuggling types.
Products subject to commodity smuggling generally consist of products that are used/consumed
a lot in the society and abroad price of which is lower than the price in the internal market. Thus the
differences between the commodity prices and the magnitude of the consumer demand are two
of the important factors that determine the increase and decrease in the commodity smuggling.
The factors that determine new trends arising from the increases and decreases in commodity
smuggling in Turkey differ a lot as stated above. The current local and regional risks appearing as
an issue that should not to be ignored stand out among these factors significantly.
Namely, it is observed that smuggling incidents occurring across the Syrian border increase
because of the civil war, and this increase is reflected on the commodity types (medicine, tea,
livestock, mobile phones etc.), too.
Solution recommendations aimed at the factors that trigger and ease the commodity smuggling
can be listed as follows:
➢ Carrying out necessary legislation regulations to prevent the persons involved in smuggling
activities from giving particular importance to profit factor in the risk-profit balance
➢ Modernization of the customs control system which effects fight against smuggling crimes
in accordance with the current conditions and opportunities by considering the fact that
smugglers are in search of new methods day by day.
➢ Adherence to the execution of government policy on border security in the fight against
smuggling
KOM 2014 Report 57
//
Fight Against Smuggling
➢ Giving weight to the awareness raising activities aimed at changing the perception in the
society that smuggling is not a crime but an occupation in East and South-East regions of
Turkey
➢ Formation of effective market controls by acting together with the organizations fighting
against smuggling with the purpose of preventing easy sale by blocking the easy circulation
of smuggled products entered Turkey and creating the disincentive awareness in this matter
➢ Determination and implementation of tax policies contributing to fighting activities by
analyzing the smuggling activities deeply, the source and the target of which is Turkey
➢ Considering the fact that some products subject to commodity smuggling are introduced to
the market with forged documents (invoice, delivery note etc.) in a legal disguise, cooperation
activities between the fight and other government institutions must be given weight in order
to establish the control mechanism to ensure the auditability of these crime methods in use.
Looking at the types of commodity smuggling happened in 2014, it is observed that meat, mobile
phones, tea, medicine, personal use products (glasses, watches, lighters, perfumes, cosmetics
products), various commodity products (textile products, pocketknives), various food products
(walnuts, almonds, honey, sugar) and automobiles and auto spare parts smuggling crimes come
to the fore.
Livestock and Meat Smuggling
The fact that meat prices abroad are lower compared to Turkey increase the demand for smuggled
meat that threatens human health. However, the increase due to the decrease in the number of
the livestock happening periodically in Turkey, and tax policies implemented on imported meat in
order to protect Turkish citizens whose occupation is husbandry popularizes the trend towards
smuggled livestock and meat smuggling.
Another reason of the increase in the rates of livestock and meat smuggling is the presence
of plenty of livestock that are not recorded in Turkey. Introduction of the animals that are not
recorded as red meat into the market increases the consumption amount of households, and thus
some production amount that is not reflected on the records reveals. This causes a growth in the
difference between the production and consumption, and thus creates the perception that the
volume of smuggling grows.
It is also observed that smuggled red meat is mostly supplied from Iran and Syria, and additionally
smuggled meat is provided from Georgia, Bulgaria and Aegean islands. Livestock are generally
supplied from Syria and often enter Turkey from the regions of Hatay, Gaziantep and Kilis.
As a result of the evaluation made in frame of incidents and seizures happened regarding livestock
and meat smuggling and of the risk criteria; Hakkari, Sirnak, Mardin, Sanliurfa, Gaziantep, Kilis
and Hatay, Van, Ağrı, Iğdır, Kars, Ardahan, Artvin, Rize, Adana, Kayseri, Mersin, Antalya, Konya,
Ankara, Afyonkarahisar, Muğla, Aydın, İzmir, Edirne and Istanbul provinces are classified as 1st
degree risky provinces in terms of livestock and meat smuggling.
58 KOM 2014 Report
Fight Against Smuggling
//
Thanks to the operations which were implemented in the last quarter of 2014 and set light to
the new methods and trends used by criminal groups; it is understood that the beef sent to third
countries through Turkey within the scope of transit regime are replaced with chicken particles and
minced meat that look like beef in warehouses in Turkey, and white meat looking like beef is sent
to third countries and the leftovers are introduced into the internal market.
Automobile and Auto Spare Parts Smuggling
Automobile smuggling in Turkey is characterized by illegal automobiles temporarily imported from
abroad by paying the price, renting, stealing or benefiting from the touristic conveniences and
having them introduced into the market by registering in traffic offices with illegal methods.
Looking at the operations carried out against automobile smuggling, the below listed methods are
frequently used:
➢ Sale of the cars registered with forged documents and entered Turkey temporarily with legal
ways without performing the importation procedures,
➢ Realization of the importation procedures of the cars supplied from abroad by using forged
and false documents,
➢ Importation of used/old cars with forged documents demonstrating them as if they were
new,
➢ Acceptance of cars with high loading limit being used as passenger automobiles as the
commercial vehicles and paying low SCT (special consumption tax),
➢ Issuance of double invoices for the cars purchased from abroad and submitting low value
statement,
➢ Importation of the cars by demonstrating their present hardware as if they were deficient or
different
In operations carried out in the first quarter of 2014; it is observed that registered cars especially
from Germany were entered Turkey by using forged documents and low-valued invoices and by
showing them as if they were new cars and introduced into the market in this condition.
In addition, it is seen that second hand luxurious cars brought from various countries, especially
Bulgaria and Romania, are used by people improperly with proxy or sale methods, and were not
sent to abroad within the period. Many cars were seized after the operations carried out in this
direction, and legal procedures were initiated about the people concerned.
It is observed that auto spare parts supplied from Syria are brought through Hatay, Gaziantep
and Kilis, while spare parts from Georgia enter Turkey through Artvin. However, the rate of the
seizures of smuggled auto spare parts from Syria have increased drastically after the domestic
disturbance period. Due to internal turmoil experienced in the country in question, the root cause
of this increase is thought to be the introduction of the usable parts of cars in use after serious
damages to Turkish market.
KOM 2014 Report 59
//
Fight Against Smuggling
Mobile Phone Smuggling
Smuggled mobile phones the source of which is the Far East Countries (generally China) are
brought to Turkey, especially from Iran, Iraq, Syria, Georgia, Bulgaria and Greece. However,
illegal smuggled mobile phone entry to Turkey generally happens through airways together with
passengers from China, the USA and Hong Kong or through drop shipping (shopping without stock
exchange) method. In addition, it is observed that high volumes of mobile phones are brought to
Turkey from China in containers by sea making different statements as if low tax products were
imported.
4.050
4.131
4.542
4.908
5.256
5.857
6.213
LU
ER
S
KO N
C
AE
L
H
AK
KA
R
KO
N
YA
ED
RN
E
ZM
R
M
BO
S
6.631
7.695
L
K
8.002
D
VA
N
8.439
9.070
9.843
10.403
10.866
11.318
11.665
AD
AN
YA
A
RB
AK
I
AN R
KA
G
RA
AZ
AN
TE
P
B
TL
S
TO
KA
T
M
AR
D
N
AN
LI
U
RF
A
RI
A
AK
IR
N
ST
AN
BU
L
14.682
31.994
44.494
However, cloned IMEI numbered contraband or illegal replica (imitation) phones are presented
for sale through unreliable web sites via internet by using visual materials belonging to original
brands with prices much lower than the market, many of Turkish citizens who purchase mobile
phones due to these deceptive advertisements suffer from this fraud according to the applications
submitted to the Department of Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crimes.
Graphic 9: Top 20 provinces where Most Smuggled Mobile Phones were Seized in 2014 (Unit)
Pharmaceuticals/Pill Smuggling
Illegal drugs the source of which is Chine (aphrodisiacs, weight loss pills, gel, drops, etc.) are
brought to Turkey through Iran, Iraq and Syria. However, again via air passengers from China,
courier or drop shipping (without stock exchange) method, illegal smuggled pharmaceuticals/pills
are observed to be directly brought to Turkey.
60 KOM 2014 Report
Fight Against Smuggling
//
Various Food Smuggling
It is observed that most of the foods that are seized are the products such as walnuts, honey and
sugar. The food products supplied from Iran, Iraq, Syria, Bulgaria and Georgia enter Turkey via
vehicles used for passenger and freight shipment illegally.
Various Commodity Smuggling
Majority of the products seized are of Chinese origin electronic commodities (clock, camera,
cameras, computers and apparatus, detectors, etc.) and personal use products whose origin is
also China (lighters, glasses, toys, textiles, cosmetics and mobile phone accessories). The products
in question are usually supplied from Iran, Iraq, Syria and Georgia and brought to Turkey illegally by
means of the vehicles used in passenger and cargo transportation.
Table 2: 2013 and 2014 Comparison of Smuggled Commodity Seizures
SMUGGLING
2013
2014
CHANGE
(%)
Mobile Phones (Pcs)
397.490
264.433
-33
Tea (kg)
361.102
521.878
45
1.783.090
436.521
-76
88.630
290.285
228
600.466
261.222
-56
9.260.002
7.266.715
-22
516.729
142.609
-72
5.012.335
3.894.894
-22
Sugar (kg)
Smuggled meat (kg)
Various foods (kg)
Pharmaceuticals/pills (Pcs)
Electronic Stocks (Pcs)
Various Commodities (Pcs)
Smuggling of Cultural and Natural Assets
Smuggling of cultural and natural assets is defined as the purchase and sale or exportation of the
cultural properties of any country in return for benefit in illegal and secret ways. Since Turkey is one
of the most important countries in the world in terms of cultural assets, it is exposed to historical
artefact smuggling all along.
According to Turkish laws, those who find historical artefacts can request the price to be determined
by the valuation commissions after delivering the artefacts to the museum administrations as
soon as possible or just donate them. However, sale of these artefacts to the historical artefact
smugglers that are internationally affiliated and introduction of them for sale again with extremely
high prices in famous auction houses and galleries operating in European countries cause the
crime to be committed in an organized manner with international links. Namely, the historical
artefacts acquired as a result of illegal excavations in archaeological sites and ruins are collected in
the port cities such as İstanbul, Mersin, Muğla, İzmir and Antalya by means of “Collector” groups,
and then are exported abroad by “Marketer” groups via freight firms and ships. On the other hand,
individuals also purchase and sell historical artefacts within the country illegally.
KOM 2014 Report 61
//
Fight Against Smuggling
The Department of Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime contributed to the return of 65 historical
artefacts exported from Turkey to the USA illegally after the common operations carried out
together with the anti-smuggling organizations in the matter of the return of historical artefacts
smuggled from Turkey to abroad and revealing the links of crime organizations.
Development of new strategies has become increasingly obligatory for the fight against the crime
as the historical artefact smuggling has become more widespread. In this context, training meeting
were held by the units of the Department of Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime in order to raise
the awareness against this crime, and operations with projects against the crime organizations
operating the risky regions in an organized manner were given more weight.
Introduction of imitation artefacts into the market with “fraud” purposed or reproduction in CD
environment and presentation into the market in different cities, sale of the historical artefacts
online and illegal actions of collectors make it difficult to fight against this crime.
It was determined that the historical artefacts supplied across Turkey by the historical artefacts
smugglers;
➢ are sent to Germany, France and Switzerland by land route though the West Balkan countries,
➢ and from Turkish ports to Italy by sea, and from Italy to the countries of continental Europe
and the USA.
A total of 36,153 pieces of cultural and natural properties were seized as a result of the operations
carried out in 2014 before they were smuggled to abroad.
The historical artefact smuggling incidents in 2014 especially concentrated in the regions which are
the 1st degree risky in terms of high crime potential (Aegean, Mediterranean and Central Anatolia).
As a result of the implementation of more quality operations compared to past towards the “illegal
excavators” and “collectors” which are the most effective criminal groups in the “Historical Artefact
Smuggling” and more effective use of the denouncement/intelligence information mechanisms, the
highest increase has been actualized in terms of the number of artefacts seized so far. However,
the number of historical artefacts fraud incidents is similar to the previous years.
Acquisition of the majority of the historical artefacts from the “Illegal Excavator” groups which
are placed on the top of the organizational structure and the increase of the illegal excavations
are thought to emerge from the web pages that consist of publishing that encourage the illegal
excavations.
62 KOM 2014 Report
Fight Against Smuggling
//
1.129
1.083
1.032
859
821
üpheli
464
391
2010
2011
470
484
2012
2013
418
Olay
2014
Graphic 10: The number of Suspects and Incidents Regarding the Smuggling of Cultural and Natural Properties
Analyzing the cities where the historical artefacts smuggling incidents happen the most, cities with
the ports where these artefacts are illegally exported and cities on the main routes stand out.
37
24
18
17
15
14
14
13
13
12
11
10
10
9
9
8
8
7
6
ZM
R
ST
AN
BU
L
M
U
L
AN A
KA
G
RA
AZ
AN
TE
P
H
AT
AY
AD
AN
A
KO
N
Y
DE A
N
Ç
ZL
AN
AK
KA
LE
BU
RS
A
KA
YS
ER
TE
K
RD
A
M
AN
SA
AY
D
KÜ IN
TA
H
YA
BA
LI
K
KA
E
ST S R
AM
O
N
KO U
C
AE
L
AN
TA
LY
A
19
Graphic 11: Top 20 Provinces where the Historical Artefacts Smuggling Incidents Happened the Most in 2014
The majority of the seized historical artefacts are observed to concentrate in cities which are
regarded as the concentration centres and in the ports.
KOM 2014 Report 63
475
492
498
556
563
600
659
672
852
1.181
1.192
1.196
1.456
1.631
1.843
AD
AN
İS
A
TA
N
BU
L
AN
KA
R
YA A
LO
VA
İZ
M
İ
BA R
TM
AN
AĞ
R
I
Sİ
V
AS
ER
Z
KA UR
U
ST
M
AM
O
N
U
Bİ
LE
C
AN İK
TA
LY
A
BU
R
SA
TE
Kİ
R
D
AĞ
Ç
O
R
U
M
M
U
Ğ
LA
D
EN
İ
G
AZ ZLİ
İA
N
TE
P
KO
N
YA
BA
LI
KE
Sİ
R
2.423
3.705
3.894
4.002
Fight Against Smuggling
4.026
//
Graphic 12: Top 20 Provinces Where the Historical Artefacts Seized the Most in 2014(Units)
Migrant Smuggling
Due to the internal turmoil, political and economic instability just beyond the Turkish borders,
Turkey has to formulate a versatile strategy in the matter of fight against illegal migration and
migrant smuggling.
Syrian migrants who had to migrate to Turkey because of solely humanitarian reasons are subject
to migrant smuggling both as organizers and illegal migrants.
Great importance is put on the international cooperation regarding the operations for fight against
migrant smuggling; and operational information exchange and common investigations have been
carried out in the frame of Police cooperation.
The Departments of Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime concentrate on the planned operations
aimed at the disclosure of nationally and internationally affiliated criminal organizations. In this
context, all of the information recieved from international and national sources by Department of
Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime are analyzed to their finest details and diverted to Provincial
division to be taken the necessary steps are ensured to be taken.
Implementation of an exercise was decided with the purpose of strengthening the regional
cooperation towards ‘’International Fight Against Immigrant Smuggling” as a result of an workshop
implemented in between 3rd and 5th September 2014 by the Organization for Security and
Cooperation of Europe (OSCE) Kosovo Mission with the participation of Kosovo, Albania, Bulgaria,
Macedonia, Montenegro and Turkey.
Within the scope of the exercise, an international operation was successfully performed with the
participation of Istanbul, Kırklareli, Tekirdağ and Edirne KOM Units in between 23rd and 25th
of September 2014. As a result of that exercise, the head of, the Organization for Security and
Cooperation of Europe (OSCE) Kosovo Mission Directorate has offered their thanks to the Turkish
National Police.
64 KOM 2014 Report
Fight Against Smuggling
//
As a result of an exchangement of operational information with the UK, (3) foreign national
organizers were caught in Istanbul.
Looking at the migrant smuggling criminal methods;
➢ It is observed that migrant smuggling activities are performed with the small fishing boats,
non-operating and discarded big cargo carriers by taking the migrants from the Turkish
coast (Adana, Hatay and Mersin Provinces) unsystematically,
➢ that foreign citizens are brought to Turkey by their organizers and provided with a temporary
travel document under the plea of having lost their passports from the concerning Respectful
Embassies or Consulates, and migrants are taken out of Turkey illegally by land or airways
by falsifying the passports that are claimed to be lost,
➢ and that migrants, who are taken out of Turkey illegally, are provided with partially or
completely forged travel documents by the organizers, which they need for reaching the
target country in the transit countries where they are taken,
➢ that migrants who enter Turkey legally or illegally from the southern or eastern borders of
Turkey by land are taken out of Turkey on foot or by using various methods through the land
borders between Greece, Bulgaria and Turkey,
➢ and that migrants are also taken to Greek Islands which are very close to the west or south
Turkish coastline where they take the boats and vessels for transportation.
Human Trafficking
Human trafficking is a serious type of crime and a human rights violation that affects entire humanity.
Human trafficking for which humans are seized with threats, pressure, deception or subordination
by using violence and being forced to work, their organs are amputated, free will of individuals are
eliminated, fundamental rights and freedoms of humans are disregarded by ignoring the honour of
humans, and they are disposed as if they were commodities. As slavery is thought to be dissolved
which is the most serious human rights violation, human trafficking named as “modern slavery” is
a type of crime which is observed in various parts of the world and in Turkey in the 21st century.
Human trafficking actions which are performed by benefiting from the desperation that human
beings suffer from by the internationally and nationally operating organized criminal groups are
mostly observed as forced prostitution and work in Turkey.
KOM units carry out planned investigaions against the criminal organizations by following a “victim”
focused working method for the fight against human trafficking. Additionally, the department tries
to act together with the national and international organizations, NGOs and institutions.
KOM 2014 Report 65
//
Fight Against Smuggling
In 2014, as a result of the studies carried out in cooperation with the Georgian authorities;
26 victims and 12 traffickers were seized.
Looking at the human trafficking methods;
➢It appears that women who come Turkey by using some social media sites from the
Northern Africa, old eastern bloc countries and Turkic countries to work in the entertainment
sector especially in holiday destination get stuck in the criminal networks of exploitation and
prostitution,
➢ and criminal organizations that take the advantage of the desperation of humans who escape
from the internal conflicts and turmoil in their countries and take shelter in Turkey coming
from the east and south borders force these people to work in various sectors primarily in
agriculture and pay them much less than the real wages or nothing.
Organ and Tissue Trading
The risk of committing the organ-tissue trade crime in Turkey is thought to increase in parallel
with successful organ transplant surgeries performed in hospitals and the progress of the health
sector in recent years. In this context, while the organ and tissue trading crime is a type of offense
that can be committed with various methods locally, internationally organized professional crime
groups also commit this crime. Presence of high amounts of money movements in the organ and
tissue trade attracts criminal groups to commit this crime and increase the popularity of this crime.
Looking at the organized and tissue trading crime methods;
➢ it appears that people from the old east bloc and Turkic countries and Turkey, who suffer
from the economical situation, are exposed to illegal organ and tissue transplant with forged
documents that are issued by the criminal networks to prove the affinity between the organ
buyer and the donor,
➢ and especially wealthy foreigners have their transplant operations in Turkey illegally by
contacting the extensions of the criminal organizations available in their own countries and
in Turkey by procuring the documents that are requested by the “ethics committees” in
return of financial benefit,
➢ In addition, it is observed that people in need of money and having economic difficulties
make announcements on some social networking sites to put their organs for sale.
66 KOM 2014 Report
Fight Against Smuggling
//
4.897
3.412
3.210
Migrant
Organizer
2.438
2.364
Incident
990
1.036
703
332
2010
296
2011
918
312
2012
819
335
353
2013
2014
Graphic 13: Migrant Smuggling Statistics by Years
As a result of the investigations carried out in 2014 by KOM units for smuggling migrants, the
number of the incidents and irregular migrants seized increased compared to 2013.
242
163
Victim
140
132
116
58
Incident
91
89
82
Trafficker
55
23
2010
24
15
2011
2012
35
17
2013
2014
Graphic 14: Human Trafficking Crime Statistics by Year
As a result of the inspections held by KOM units towards the human trafficking crime, it is observed
that the numbers increased in 2014 compared to 2013.
KOM 2014 Report 67
Fight Against Smuggling
330
340
356
358
377
446
475
479
492
493
567
602
695
743
811
AN
A
İZ
M
G
İR
AZ
İA
N
TE
AN P
KA
RA
M
ER
Sİ
N
KO
N
AN YA
TA
ER LYA
ZU
KA DİY RU
M
A
H
RA RB
A
M
AN KIR
M
AR
A
İS
TA Ş
N
BU
L
Kİ
Lİ
S
KA
YS
ER
İ
VA
N
KO
C
AE
ŞI Lİ
RN
ŞA
AK
N
LI
U
RF
A
M
AR
D
O
SM İN
AN
İY
E
AD
H
AT
AY
858
1.303
1.644
2.330
3.504
//
Graphic 15: 2014 Smuggling Incident Rankings (Top 20 Provinces)
Table 3: Comparison of Smuggling Suspect and Incident Numbers for 2013-2014
SMUGGLING
Oil Smuggling
Tobacco Products and
Alcoholic Beverage
Smuggling
Goods (Commodities)
Smuggling
Smuggling of Cultural and
Natural Assets
Migrant
Smuggling
Human
Trafficking
OrganTissue
Trading
Organizer
Migrants
Traffickers
Suspect/
Victim
Organizer
Suspect
GRAND TOTAL
68 KOM 2014 Report
2013
Incıdents
2014
Incıdents
CHANGE 2013
(%)
Suspect
2014
Suspect
CHANGE
(%)
3.691
4.901
33
6.082
7.182
18
20.779
15.744
-24
30.860
22.554
-27
3.921
2.900
-26
6.448
4.430
-31
484
418
-14
1.129
859
-24
335
353
5
918
819
-11
3.210
4.897
53
17
35
106
89
91
2
124
208
68
12
2
-83
63
0
-100
82
7
-91
29.239
24.353
-17
49.005
41.047
-16
Fight Against Smuggling
//
Table 4: Smuggling Seizures 2013-2014 Comparison
SMUGGLING
2013
Oil (litres)
CHANGE
(%)
2014
17.422.557
13.701.101
-21
Cigarettes (package)
108.243.473
106.431.665
-2
Macarons (Pcs)
253.936.030
34.524.876
-86
Beverage (bottle)
135.191
143.628
6
Mobile Phones (Pcs)
397.490
264.433
-33
Tea (kg)
361.102
521.878
45
Pharmaceuticals/Pills (Pcs)
9.260.002
7.266.715
-22
Electronics-Various Commodities (Pcs)
5.529.060
4.037.503
-27
Various food products (kg)
2.472.186
988.028
-60
28.532
36.153
27
ED RNE
Artefacts/Coins (Pcs)
240
KIRKLAREL
103
TEK RDA
BARTIN
İSTANBUL
492
296
49
ÇANAKKALE
117
BURSA
241
B LEC K
24
BALIKES R
191
311
U AK
85
İZMİR
1.644
MU LA
148
82
K.KALE
143
KONYA
DEN ZL
BURDUR
32
184
55
MALATYA
B NGÖL
GAZİANTEP
1.303
446
B TL S
311
D YARBAKIR
BATMAN
149
MARD N
340
ANLIURFA
KİLİS
VAN
172
567
OSMAN YE
192
MU
26
ADIYAMAN
83
493
330
A RI
248
ELAZI
K.MARA
2.330
I DIR
602
277
194
MERSİN
ERZURUM
38
10
475
KARS
116
BAYBURT
TUNCEL
KAYSER
N DE
65
811
GÜMÜ HANE
27
ERZ NCAN
99
S VAS
AKSARAY
181
KARAMAN
74
38
TOKAT
YOZGAT
ADANA
ANTALYA
695
G RESUN
ARDAHAN
15
R ZE
206
TRABZON
157
87
NEVŞEHİR
22
ISPARTA
51
201
ORDU
54
AMASYA
62
ÇORUM
KIR EH R
64
A.KARAH SAR
58
ARTV N
197
SAMSUN
223
ÇANKIRI
9
858
743
AYDIN
238
20
ANKARA
ESK EH R
192
KÜTAHYA
114
MAN SA
KARABÜK
24
DÜZCE
SAKARYA 34
BOLU
169
58
377
YALOVA
S NOP
5
KASTAMONU
6
ZONGULDAK
42
KOCAEL
S RT
118
IRNAK
HAKKAR
123
358
356
479
HATAY
3.504
1-100
101-250
251-500
501-1.000
>1.001
Map 2: Distribution of Smuggling Incidents in 2014 with respect to Provinces
KOM 2014 Report 69
//
Fight Against Smuggling
FIGHT AGAINST SMUGGLING
Action Plan to Fight against Oil Smuggling
The “Action Plan to Fight Against the Oil Smuggling” was signed on 21.03.2011 to take the
administrative precautions within the frame of effective fight against oil smuggling regarding the
obligatory legislation amendments and other issues with the general consensus of the fighting
organizations and the active involvement of the Turkish National Police and the Department of AntiSmuggling and Organized Crimes. Information exchange between the institutions in the direction
of the short, middle and long term objectives are performed.
Additionally “Action Plan to Fight against the Oil Smuggling” was revised on 11.01.2012 during the
Meeting of the Coordination Council of Fight against oil Smuggling and the rapid implementation of
“Legal Empowerment of the Administrative and Technical Capacity and Empowerment of Human
Resources and Public Relations” was determined as the mutual decision of all of the fighting
institutions.
Fight against Oil Smuggling
Pursuant to the Cooperation Protocol Regarding the Inspections to be carried out in the Petrol
Market” that was resigned by the Ministry of Interior Affairs and the Energy Market Regulatory
Council in 2014 planned and individual administrative inspections were performed.
In 2014; inspections of
➢ 7318 Fuel oil stations with franchise licenses,
➢ 58 facilities that produce mineral oil,
➢ 129 auto dealers with auto gas license,
➢ 35 companies with storage license,
➢ 7 companies selling bunker fuel,
➢ were carried out which means a total of 10,085 inspection activities including the 1538
marker inspection aimed at public fuel purchase.
Periodical changes happen regarding oil smuggling both economically and in parallel with the
development about judiciary and administrative processes, and this affects the smuggling trends.
For example, while the method of introduction of mixed fuel oil acquired from the products other
than fuel oil (solvent and mineral oil derivations) into the market was frequently used in previous
terms, with the amendment made in the importation procedures and the taxation, the use of
alternative fuel products other than fuel (solvent and mineral oil derivatives) decreased.
In addition, it is identified that fuels such as diesel taken from the refineries for use in vessels are
discharged in the fuel dealers in improper ways and sold for land vehicles.
Referring to the 2012/19 numbered of the Prime Ministry within the scope of the fight against fuel
oil smuggling and the coordination of the Ministry of Customs and Trade, With the participation
of 4 Employees from the Turkish National Police, 4 Gendarme Command, 2 from Coast Guard
Command and authorities from the Ministry of Finance “Special Team against Fuel Oil Smuggling
by” was formed and began to operate in 2014.
70 KOM 2014 Report
Fight Against Smuggling
//
Fight against the Tobacco Products Smuggling
The meeting, which was held to plan the Black Poseidon 4 operation with the title of “Intellectual
Property and Smuggling Crimes” in Istanbul between the dates of 17th and 18th December 2014
and with the participation of the representatives from Bulgaria, Belarus, Moldova, Lithuania,
Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine and Estonia with the coordination of International Criminal
Police Organization (INTERPOL) was participated.
In the said meeting; presentations with the titles of the Introduction of KOM Impacts of the cigarette
smuggling, its reasons and methods, regional assessments regarding the cigarette smuggling,
recommendations aimed at international fights against smuggling were made. Information
exchange and cooperation regarding the cigarette smuggling with the participants were performed.
Information exchange regarding the cigarette smuggling and the international fight methods whose
target is Turkey and the European countries especially with foreign police liaison officers in Turkey
and the UK National Crime Agency (NCA), the South East European Law Enforcement Centre
(SELEC) and the International Police Organization (INTERPOL) was performed.
Fight against Goods (Commodity) Trafficking
Missions aimed at the determination of the most effective methods and strategies to be used to
prevent the illegal import and export of various commodity types are being executed.
The main principal is accepted as the share of data acquired as a result of the operations
being executed for the determination of the international and national contacts of the criminal
organizations with the Provincial KOM units in a manner that this data will constitute the basic of
the planned missions to be performed.
Cooperation and information exchange with the concerning national and international organizations
and institutions about the inspections being executed are being conducted. Necessary attempts
are made in order to solve the difficulties experienced in the missions executed within this frame
due to the restrictions emerging from the international law and meeting and negotiations with the
authorities from the concerning countries are being held.
Fight against the Smuggling of Cultural and Natural Assets
Trainings were provided for the KOM provincial units to increase the ability to fight against the crime.
Primary risk areas were determined in order to ensure a more effective fight against the historical
artefact smuggling and instructions were given for the Provincial KOM Units to initiate a mission
with a project in this direction.
Trainings and informing studies were provided for the security, custom and museum officials
working in the Syrian border cities to prevent the exposure of the Syrian cultural properties to
illegal trade.
Information about the civilizations in Turkey and the artefacts of these civilizations, methods to
identify the imitated and real versions of these artefacts, precautions to be taken against the
historical artefact smuggling and difficulties to be encountered during the implementation and
missions carried out for the inspection methods are presented for the use of KOM Provincial Units
through KOM-NET.
KOM 2014 Report 71
//
Fight Against Smuggling
KOM also participated in the workshops and seminars with the subject of “Prevention of Cultural
Property Smuggling” implemented nationally and internationally by organizing meetings with other
fighting units for the purpose of the return of the historical artefacts exported.
Images transmitted to KOM Units with the historical artefact content through various channels
are exposed to an analysis of a study by means of the “Artefact Follow and Evaluation Program”
created by the head of KOM Department and a pre-evaluation can be done in order to identify if
these artefacts are imitations or fraud intentional.
The image and inventory information of the stolen or lost historical artefacts are saved in the project
called “Missing Cultural Properties” and provincial KOM Units are ensured to have information
about them, also periodical notifications are placed for Provincial KOM Units to act sensitively due
to the possibility of these artefacts being exported illegally.
Fight against Migrant Smuggling, Human Trafficking,
Organ and Tissue Trading
National and international cooperation activities are being implemented in order to increase the
affectivity of the fight against migrant smuggling and human trafficking crimes. Operational meetings
under the coordination of the head of KOM department were held in order to maintain the national
and international coordination for the disclosure of migrant smuggling criminal organizations and
mutual information exchange.
In addition, KOM participated in the international meetings held with the purpose of maintaining
effective information exchange and developing the source and target country cooperation for
migrant smuggling and human trafficking crimes.
Various seminars, workshops and conferences are organized with the purpose of raising awareness
of other institutions and organizations included in the judiciary and administrative process of human
trafficking criminal investigations along with Provincial KOM Units. For a better implementation of
the “Hotline for the Victims of Human Trafficking”, “157” service, “Protection of the Victims of
Human Trafficking Project” is planned to be completed in 2016.
Although studies of “National Task Forces Against the Human Trafficking” formed under the
coordination of the Ministry of International Affairs in 2002 were suspended in 2011, studies of
this committee in question were initiated again in 2014 under the roof of Migration Administration
General Directorate established by 6458 numbered “Foreigners and International Protection Law”
in 2014. In this respect, establishment of an effective legislation and regulation of administrative
precautions are aimed. KOM participates in the operations of the “National Task Force” actively.
72 KOM 2014 Report
Fight Against
Proceeds of
Crime
OVERVIEW OF THE FIGHT AGAINST PROCEEDS OF CRIME
’Proceeds of crime’’ in the broadest sense means economic gains obtained illegally. Dealing
with proceeds of crime is an important element in the fight against organized crime in particular.
Proceeds obtained by committing a crime can both be used in the financing of new crimes as
disruptive of public order and increase the motivation of the initiative to act.
In addition, high share in the world economy and the negative effects on rapidly developing Turkish
national economy of the proceeds obtained from crime make it imperative to combat the proceeds
of crime. In order to fight effectively against organized criminal groups, terrorist organizations and
legal-looking illegal structures, the proceeds of crime obtained as a result of the commission of an
offence by these organizations should be seized and confiscated by the courts.
As known, the seizure decision is a protection order. The seizure is to prevent the loss or disposal
of economic gains having a strong grounds of suspicion that they have been obtained from crime
and to confiscate if it is proven that they are the proceeds derived from crime in the end of trial.
That cutting the financial resources of the organization and recover their prcoceeds from organized
crime has become one of the most fundamental elements of the fight against crime.
KOM 2014 Report 81
//
Fight Against Proceeds of Crime
3.742
2.573
2.196
657
2011
2012
2013
2014
Graph -1: Number of Incidents of Seizure
56
24
4.023
54
2011
29
2012
2011
2.443
2012
2013
2013
2014
3
Money (Million TL)
2.377
2
6
716
82
0
Company Shares (Million TL)
Vehiche (menstruation)
507
2014
618
8
Real Estate (menstruation)
Graph-2: Comparison of 2011-2014 Seizure Statistics
Activities on Fighting against Proceeds of Crime
A total of 996 employees were given information and awareness training in 2014 to train qualified
personnel to enable the effective fight against proceeds of crime.
On 26 - 27 November 2014, “Fight against Money Laundering” training was given to staff serving
in Central Bank .
Also, the activities of the fight against proceeds of crime carried out by Provincial KOM Agencies
are given support.
82 KOM 2014 Report
//
Fight Against Proceeds of Crime
84 KOM 2014 Report
Fight Against Proceeds of Crime
//
KOM 2014 Report 85
//
Fight Against Proceeds of Crime
INTERNATIONAL
COOPERATION
INTERNATIONAL
INTERNATIONAL
COOPERATION
COOPERATION
&& &
TRAINING
OPERATIONS
TRAINING
TRAINING
OPERATIONS
OPERATIONS
2014-KOM
2014-KOM
2014-KOM
AVUSTURIA
AVUSTURIA AVUSTURIA
2
2
2
2
2
2
GERMANY
GERMANY GERMANY
8
8
8
UN
UN
17
17
EU
EU
25
25
GREECE
GREECE
GREECE
1
1
1
UN
17
5
OSCE
7
7
EUROPOL
EUROPOL
EUROPOL
6
NATO
NATO
2
2
FRANCE
FRANCE
FRANC
6
6
USA
USA
17
17
USA
17
8
8
8
MEXICO
MEXICO
MEXICO
1
1
1
7
COUNCIL OF EUROPE
COUNCIL OF EUROPE
COUNCIL OF EUROPE
8
8
8
6
1
ENGLAND
ENGLAND ENG
8
8
CANADA
CANADA
CANADA
1
1
1
TAIEX
EMCDA
EMCDA
EMCDA
7
1
25
SELEC
SELEC
SELEC
11
11
11
OSCE
OSCE
7
7
MONTENEGRO
MONTENEGRO
MONTENEGRO
1
1
1
1
EU
INTERPOL
INTERPOL INTERPOL
6
6
6
TAIEX
TAIEX
5
5
ALBANIA
ALBANIA
ALBANIA
12
12
12
SURINAM
SURINAM SURINAM
1
1
1
GAMBIA
GAMBIA
GAMBIA
1
1
1
6
NATO
2
FRONTEX
FRONTEX
FRONTEX
6
6
ECO
ECO
2
2
IAEA
IAEA
11
11
OECD
OECD
8
8
6
ECO
2
IAEA
11
OECD
8
OTHER
OTHER
OTHER
26
26
26
The number of meetings and events organized by
The number
of meetings
The
number
and events
of meetings
organized
and
byevents organized by
international
organizations
international organizations
international organizations
86 KOM 2014 Report
The number of international meetings and events in the
The number
of of
international
The number
meetings
of international
and eventsmeetings
in the and events in the
context
bilateral
cooperation
context of bilateral cooperation
context of bilateral cooperation
The number of staff participating in
The number
of staff
The
participating
number ofinstaff participating in
training
of task
dogs
training of task dogstraining of task dogs
Fight Against Proceeds of Crime
//
ROMANIA
4
KOSOVO
19
9
MACEDONIA
CZECH REPUBLIC
5
1
SERBIA
1
1
DENMARK
NORWAY
1
POLONIA
SWEDEN
3
4
NETHERLANDS
3
KYRGYZSTAN
40
IRAN
2
2
PALESTI
KKTC
QATAR
1
2
ÇHI
1
3
1
2
MONGOLIA
2
3
10
ITALY
LITHUANIA
1
KAZAKHSTAN
176
GEORGIA
4
AYİR
ESTONIA
1
1
3
TAJIKISTAN
29
PAKISTAN
2
UAE
20
1
BANGLADESH
1
1
NİGER
TURKMENISTAN
8
1
2
CAMEROON
1
D.KONGO
AZERBAIJAN
49
1
1
1
TANZANIA
35
1
AFGHANISTAN
MALTA
1
S.ARABIA
20
JORDAN
2
55
KUWAIT
NAKHCHIVAN
1
1
1
2
OMAN
2
1
UGANDA
TUNISIA
2
1
The number of security cooperation text signed
with the bilateral cooperation
The number of personnel participating in the trainings
KOM 2014 Report 87
TADOC
Activities
OVERVIEW OF TADOC (TURKISH INTERNATINAL ACADEMY
AGAINST DRUGS AND ORGANIZED CRIMES) ACTIVITIES
The Turkish International Academy against Drugs and Organized Crimes (TADOC), affiliated to
KOM, is an in-service training academy to organize national, international, and regional expertise
trainings on the fight against drugs and organized crimes.
Having strong belief in international cooperation, Turkey has supported every initiative aimed at
combating drug trafficking at the international level. In line with this understanding, the Turkish
International Academy against Drugs and Organized Crimes (TADOC) was established in Ankara on
June 26th, 2000 (which is celebrated as World Fight against Drug Day) under the Department of AntiSmuggling and Organized Crime and within the framework of Turkey-UNDOC collaboration to provide
training in the field of counter-narcotics and organized crimes.
TADOC aims at proper use and development of local sources by taking the information and potential
as a reference for fighting against drug and organized crimes in the central and provincial units within
the scope of training activities.
Through the practical training programs within TADOC, the staff members both fulfil the task and have
an opportunity to try the professional behaviours they should have in an adapted classroom. Thus
the participants in such trainings obtain the opportunity to gain practical experience about the target
behaviour.
Within the philosophy of “The right person to train at the right time, at the right place”, regional training
activities are considered important. Thus, the units likely to encounter with the same or similar problems
can meet in the same training in the fight against crime. In this way, it is aimed to develop cooperation
and joint action between units.
The trainings for Turkish law enforcement agencies fighting against smuggling and organized crimes are
given in TADOC. 30.220 law enforcement officers have participated in 951 national training programs
held since its foundation. So far, 13071 staff members have benefited from Computer Aided Education
(BIDEM) modules providing computer-aided distance learning within TADOC.
Law enforcement agencies of the countries which have bilateral security cooperation agreements
with Turkey are given trainings as well within TADOC. Besides, training cooperation is conducted with
several institutions such as Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the United
Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), the NATO-Russia Council (NRC), Turkey Cooperation and
Coordination Agency (TIKA), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Drug Enforcement
Agency (DEA), Afghanistan Justice Organization (AJO), and the Economic Cooperation Organization
(ECO). Until now, 471 international training programs for the Balkans, the Middle East and Central
Asian countries have been conducted, and 8.747 law enforcement officers from 88 countries have
participated in these training programs.
KOM 2014 Report 89
//
TADOC
NATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMS
Since drug and organized crimes show rapid change and improvement, Turkish staff members
who are fighting against these crimes also have to keep up with this change and development.
Personnel may fail to catch up with their individual efforts and may need professional help to fight.
It is especially taken into consideration that these training services to meet the requirements of the
staff members and guide them for merging the theory and practice.
In 2014, TADOC held 100 national training programs with the participation of 3827 law enforcement
personnel including 6 “KOM Basic Training Programs and 94 “National Expertise Training Programs”
on basic, tactical and technical issues.
Table 1: Number of National Training Activities and Trainees in 2012 - 2014
YEAR
NUMBER OF PROGRAMS
NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS
2012
124
3.623
2013
143
4.341
2014
100
3.893
367
11.857
TOTAL
Basic Training Programs
“Fight against Smuggling and Organized Crimes Basic Training Programs” are organized
periodically for the staff considered to work in fight against smuggling and organized crime unit.
301 personnel attended in “6 KOM Basic Training Programs” held in 2014.
Table 2: 2014 Basic Training Programs
NAME OF THE
PROGRAMME
NO
DATE
NUMBER
OF
LOCATION
1
78th Period KOM Basic
Training Program
20-24 October 2014
67
TADOC
2
79th Period KOM Basic
Training Program
17-21 November 2014
38
TADOC
3
80th Period KOM Basic
Training Program
01-05 December 2014
38
TADOC
4
81st Period KOM Basic
Training Program
08-12 December 2014
81
TADOC
5
82th Period KOM Basic
Training Program
15-19 December 2014
35
TADOC
6
83th Period KOM Basic
22-26 December 2014
42
TADOC
TOTAL
90 KOM 2014 Report
301
TADOC
//
Expertise / Seminar Programs
In 2014, 94 national specialty trainings in 20 different areas were carried out in coordination with
TADOC, and 3,268 staff members benefited from these programs.
Table 3: 2014 National Expertise/Seminar Programs
NUMBER OF
ORGANIZATION
3
16
1
NUMBER OF
PARTICIPANTS
453
315
373
6
172
1
11
3
71
8
227
1
21
1
1
54
40
11 Fight Against Narcotics Crime Expertise Training
4
1.033
12 Observation Tool Training
Using Office Programs and Official
13
Correspondence Rules Training
1
2
2
44
14 Training of Private Investigator Trainers
1
20
15 Custom Software and System User Training
16 Protocol Rules Seminar
Dangerous Weapons and Ammunition Trafficking
17
Training
18 Basic Computer Forensics Applications Training
1
1
8
16
1
26
1
38
19 Meeting and Time Management Seminar
1
37
20 Drug Crimes Investigation Training
1
6
55
2.967
NO
NAME OF THE PROGRAMME
1
2
3
KOM Basic Information Training
Analysis Systems and Data Entry Training
Adobe Connect Training
Electronic Records and Document Management
4
System (KOMEBYS) Training
5 Image Enhancement System Training
Training for Determination, Listening and
6
Recording of the Contact
7 Use of Decision Process Software Training
Training for Control of Chemicals and Protection
8
against Leak121
9 Financial Crimes Investigation Training
10 Mobile Control Device User Training
TOTAL
Tactical and Technical Training Programs
In 2014, a total of 39 training programs were conducted including tactical and technical fight
issues by TADOC, and our 612 employees participated in these training programs.
KOM 2014 Report 91
//
TADOC
Table 4: 2014 Tactical and Technical Training Programs
NO
NAME OF THE PROGRAMME
NUMBER OF
ORGANIZATION
NUMBER OF
PARTICIPANTS
1
Use of Decision Process Software Training
1
19
2
Physical Tracking Training
3
44
1
10
4
63
2
46
3
4
5
Training of Trainers for Safe Driving, Vehicle Stopping
and Intervention
Safe Driving, Vehicle Stopping and Intervention
Training
Operational Shooting Techniques and Tactic
Intervention Basic Training
6
Operational Police Tactics and Intervention Training
1
18
7
Risk Analysis and Search Techniques Training
13
226
8
Training of Tracking with Tech Tools
2
29
9
Technical Tracking Basic Training
3
60
10 Facial Recognition System-System Management
1
17
11 Police Defensive Tactics Basic Training
4
62
3
18
39
612
MOBILE
TRAINING
TRAININGS
in TADOC
TOTAL
Expertise and Seminar Training
-
2
2
Tactical and Technical Trainings
16
21
37
TOTAL
16
23
39
MOBILE
TRAINING
TRAININGS
in TADOC
TOTAL
Expertise and Seminar Trainings
-
10
10
Tactical and Technical Trainings
259
343
602
TOTAL
259
353
612
12
Protection of Important Facilities against Terrorism
Training
TOTAL
Table 5: Numbers of 2014 National Training Activities
Table 6: Number of Participants in 2014 National Training Activities
92 KOM 2014 Report
TADOC
//
INTERNATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMS
TADOC is one of the leading training centres in the world providing training in the fight against
drugs and organized crimes. TADOC fulfils the mission of identifying the training needs of law
enforcement authorities of the countries in the field of the fight against smuggling and organized
crimes and of training qualified personnel. TADOC, thanks to its pioneering role, maintains the
formation of safe environment by contributing to the development of the existing communication
and cooperation between the regional countries and operational institutions, and as a result, it
supports the formation of a common language in the fight against crime in international area.
Special investigation techniques developed by TADOC through scientific data were converted into
a standard practice in some countries.
TADOC trainings including a combination of theory and practice can be carried out in Turkey or in
the countries demanding the training via the mobile training teams. 17 different training programs
are implemented in international field:
1) Train the Trainers
2) Undercover Training
3) Clandestine Laboratories and Synthetic Drugs
4) Anti-Money Laundering and Counter Financing of Terrorism
5) Operational Police Tactics
6) Drug Crimes Investigation Training Program
7) Organized Crimes Intelligence and Investigation Techniques
8) Interview and Interrogation Techniques
9) Crime Intelligence Analysis
10) Surveillance Techniques
11) Drug Demand Reduction
12) Illegal Immigration and Trafficking in Persons
13) Risk Analysis and Drug Search Techniques
14) Narcotics Detection and Dog Training
15) Anti-Corruption Training
16) Police Leadership and Operation Management
17) Risk Analysis and Drug Search Techniques in Airports
2014 International Training Activities
In 2014, TADOC has conducted 28 international training programs for 484 law enforcement officers
from 18 different countries. 20 of these trainings were carried out in TADOC Training Centre and 8
of them were held in the concerned countries through TADOC mobile training teams. Also, meeting,
seminar and training activities held on various platforms were contributed.
The training programs given are determined according to the demands from the countries, training
needs analysis and project content. Especially “Counter Narcotics Investigations”, “Crime Intelligence
Analysis”, “Risk Analysis and Drug Search Techniques” and “Investigation of Organized Crime”
trainings were the most frequently organized training programs in 2014.
KOM 2014 Report 93
//
TADOC
Platforms Cooperated in International Trainings in 2014
Bilateral Security Cooperation Activities
Since located geographically in the region of production and consumption of drugs and chemicals,
Turkey is negatively affected from the traffic there. In addition, the country sophisticatedly sustains
the fight against drug trafficking, which is a crime against humanity, believing in the necessity of
international cooperation.
Criminal organizations with international connections follow the developments in the world closely
and are renewing themselves day by day. The states fighting against these criminal organizations
are required to establish international cooperation by training qualified law enforcement officers
and determining the common methods for fighting as well.
Especially in Turkey, since the 90s, KOM Department, showing significant achievements in the
field of combating drug trafficking and organized crimes, believes the effective fight against
organized crime groups with international connections is only possible with the establishment,
development ,and maintenance of regional and international co-operation, and sharing knowledge
and experience in this field via trainings.
In this context, 19 training programs for 353 officers from the law enforcement units of Afghanistan,
Azerbaijan, Qatar, Cyprus, Kosovo, Libya, Pakistan, Romania, and Saudi Arabia were conducted in
2014 within the bilateral security cooperation activities by TADOC.
In 2014, one of the international trainings conducted in TADOC is the “Fight against Organized
Crimes” within the basic police trainings of Police Academy to 26 police candidates including 5
from Afghanistan, 1 from Azerbaijan, 6 from Kyrgyzstan, 5 from Kosovo, 5 from Macedonia, 2 from
Mongolia, and 2 from Jordan on 2 - 6 June 2014.
NATO - Russia Council (NRC)
NRC Council founded in 2002 aims to improve political dialogue and cooperation between the
Russian Federation and NATO ally countries. It is a platform created by 25 countries coming
together. Within the framework of this platform, it is aimed to improve the training opportunities
for cooperation with Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Central Asian countries. Since 2006, a project
which envisages training in order to increase the capacity of these countries to combat drugs
has been carried out. Turkey, since the beginning of the project, continues to contribute in the
project in an effective manner within the General Directorate of Security. TADOC, Domodedovo
Russian Academy, and US DEA Academy are selected and authorized as the centres of excellence,
competent to perform the training activities of the project. Four training programs were carried
out within NRC by TADOC in 2014. 61 officials from the law enforcement units of Afghanistan,
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Pakistan attended in these trainings. 2 of
the aforementioned trainings were conducted by the trainers of TADOC and DEA jointly.
94 KOM 2014 Report
TADOC
//
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)
TADOC has been among the most preferred academies for training by the OSCE since its
foundation. In this context, a training program was held with TADOC-OSCE cooperation with the
participation of 10 law enforcement officers from Kyrgyzstan in 2014.
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
A number of training activities with the UNODC offices located in various countries were performed
by TADOC. In 2014, a training program was held with UNDOC cooperation with the participation
of 12 law enforcement officers from Afghanistan.
Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
A training program was held with TADOC-ECO cooperation with the participation of 12 officers
from 6 different ECO member countries (Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan and
Turkmenistan).
Afghanistan Justice Organization (AJO)
As a result of cooperation with Afghanistan Justice Organization (AJO) 2 “Drug Crimes Investigation
and Technical Follow-up Program” were carried out for 36 judges and prosecutors working in
Afghanistan.
Table-7: 2014 International Training Programs
TRAINING PROGRAM
NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS
Programs in TADOC
20
243
Mobile Programs
8
241
TOTAL
28
484
Table-8: 2014 International Training Programs by Scope
NO
SCOPE OF COOPERATION
1
2
3
Bilateral Security Cooperation Agreements
NATO - Russia Council Project (NRC)
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
4
Organization for Security and Co-operation in
Europe (OSCE)
5
Ekonomik İşbirliği Teşkilatı (EİT)
6
Afganistan Adalet Organizasyonu (AJO)
TOTAL
NUMBER OF
PROGRAMS
19
4
1
NUMBER OF
PARTICIPANTS
353
61
12
1
10
1
2
28
12
36
484
KOM 2014 Report 95
//
TADOC
Table 9: 2014 Training Programme and Participants Statistics by Country
NO
COUNTRY
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
TOTAL
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Afghanistan
Kirgizhstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Tanzania
Azerbaijan
Kosovo
NUMBER OF
PARTICIPANTS
10
176
55
40
29
8
35
49
19
NO
COUNTRY
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Mongolia
Jordan
Saudi Arabia
Qatar
Iran
Pakistan
Albania
Macedonia
NUMBER OF
PARTICIPANTS
2
2
20
18
2
2
12
5
484
COMPUTER BASED TRAINING (BIDEM)
Within TADOC, computer-based trainings providing unsupervised training on 84 different subjects
including tactics and on-site classroom trainings as well as combating narcotics, financial crime,
intelligence and technical issues are given. The centre (BIDEM) providing these trainings mentioned
was founded as a result of the cooperation between UNODC and TADOC in 2004.
The law enforcement personnel working in fight against drugs and trafficking of EGM, Gendarmerie
General Command, Undersecretariat of Customs and the Coast Guard across the country benefit
from the computer aided trainings across the country. So far, 1831 personnel has benefitted from
BIDEM trainings.
The training modules in Turkish, English, Russian and Afghan (Darıca) languages are benefitted
in international trainings. BIDEM trainings within TADOC are shown as best practices to other
countries by UNODC. BIDEM modules were transferred to Police Intranet (POLNET) environment
in Turkish within Intranet Based Training (IDEM) project which started in 2010 with TADOC-UNODC
cooperation as at the first one in the world.
Turkish staff can access BIDEM modules from their Pol-Net enabled computers through e-learning
system without changing location. Thus, manpower and training costs are saved.
KOM Department shares the experiences on BIDEM with other organizations which demand. In
2014, at the request of the Ministry of Customs and Trade, BIDEM system accessed through the
network provided was presented to the benefit of the organization concerned.
Table-10: 2012 - 2013 - 2014 BIDEM Module Statistics
NO
TRAINING YEAR
1
2012
2
3
TOTAL
96 KOM 2014 Report
NUMBER OF PERSONNEL
BENEFITING FROM THE MODULE
2.683
2013
3.193
2014
3.688
9.564
KEM
Activities
OVERVIEW OF KEM ACTIVITIES
Branch of Dog Training Centre (KEM), is responsible to ensure that all tasks administrators when
combined with industry training dogs in the Police within training programs to dispatch tasks dogs
have successfully completed the activity and performance of monitoring and make proficiency
tests at certain times, as well as policies to improve the performance and it has a duty to give
direction to the development of strategy work.
Such tasks as register, reduction, transfer, health and production of task dogs and the activities for
increasing the areas to benefit from the task dogs are also carried out by the Dog Training Centre
Branch.
A total of 106 dogs have been got in 2014 including 78 puppies and 28 adult dogs. Thus, procurement
of dogs via purchase is avoided and a major financial burden for Turkey and organization is avoided.
In 2014, 64 dogs in three different branches including Narcotics Detector Dog (34), Bomb Search
Dogs (23) and Local Trail Tracking Dogs (7) have been trained totally.
KOM 2014 Report 97
//
KEM
Table 1: Distribution of Task Dog registered in Turkish National Police Based on Their Branch
CENTRE
PROVINCE
TOTAL
Narcotic / Banknotes Search Dog*
2
141
143
Tea and tobacco search dog
1
6
7
Weapons and Ammunition Search Dog
-
2
2
General Security Dog
-
51
51
Explosion Search Dog
3
63
66
Cadaver Search Dog
4
-
4
Special Operations Dog
-
9
9
Local Track Tracking Dog
5
2
7
GRAND TOTAL
15
272
289
BRANCHES
(*2 dogs out of 143 dogs acting as a narcotic search dog are also given training on banknotes.)
TRAINING ACTIVITIES
In training programs arranged in Department of Dog, activities are maintained within the such
criteria as FRONTEX (EU Border Security Unit) training criteria, training needs analysis, location of
the provinces, capture statistics and evaluation criteria and programs are designed.
98 KOM 2014 Report
KEM
//
Table 2: Provided Trainings According to Institution, Number of Participant and Branches in
2014.
PARTICIPANT
NUMBER
OF
TOTAL
EGM
Customs
46
6
52
Weapons/Ammunition and Explosives Search
Dog and Administrator Basic/Intensive Training
Program
EGM
TRNC
17
1
18
Cadaver Search Dog
and His Trainer Basic/Intensive Training
Program
EGM
4
4
Public Order and Patrol Dog
and His Trainer Basic/Intensive Training Program
EGM
6
6
Special Operation Dog and His Trainer Basic/
Intensive Training Program
EGM
15
15
Local Trace Track Dog and His Trainer Basic/
Intensive Training Program
EGM
32
32
Puppies and Young Dog Training Program
EGM
6
6
Training of Specialists and Trainers and
Assistant Trainer Program
EGM
38
38
-
-
171
TRAINING PROGRAM
Narcotic Search Dog and His Administrator
Basic / Intensive Training Program
GRAND TOTAL
Basic Training Programs
The basic training programs given in the Branch of Dog Training Centre are designed in 8 weeks,
intensified training programs are redesigned to cover the four-week training period.
Puppy and Young Dog Training Programs
As of 2014, raising puppies and young dogs has become important which avoiding the purchase
of dogs, dogs suitable for all branches of training began to be raised by staff working in these units.
KOM 2014 Report 99
//
KEM
TRAINING ACTIVITIES
1. Detector dog training programs organized by European Union Border Security Unit (FRONTEX)
were involved in 2014. 1 personnel is accredited and certified as specialist dog trainer by
European Union Border Security Agency (FRONTEX) who attended detector dog training
program carried out as 5 stages in 4 different countries (Romania, Lithuania, Estonia and
Norway) and organized by FRONTEX.
2. In Romania Dog Training School from 4 to 15 August 2014, “Tracking Dog Trainers “course
was attended by eight person from the staff.
3. Held in Austria/Vienna from 6 to 24 October 2014, “Tracking Dog Track Training” program was
successfully completed by two Turkish employees participating in the program.
4. From 25 August to 5 September 2014, the activities of information and experience exchange in
bilateral cooperation in the United States were participated by eight of KOM staff.
5. Upon the invitation by Nakhichevan Customs Committee, Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic
was visited and shelter and training fields of Nakhichevan tasks dogs were seen on the spot
on 1-5 November 2014.
6. Organized by KEM, the first part of “Intensified Explosive Search Dog Training Program” was
held in Turkey between 01-26 December and the second part was held in Turkish Republic of
Northern Cyprus on 29 December 2014-09 January 2015.
INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIONS
Within Balkans Police Dog Championships, in the competition held in Sibiu, Romania on 1 - 12
October 2014 containing about 30 dogs participants;
➢ Police officer Mefaret SAYIR and his dog ÜZÜM from Diyarbakir Police Department were
2nd in “Bomb Search”,
➢ Police Officer Orkun Kara and his Dog PREM from KOM Department, Dog Training Center
were the 4th in “narcotics” branch,
➢ Police Officer Mehmet PAL and his dog ATHENA received the highest score from the point
of OBEDIENCE which was common for all the branches and ranked as the 5th in the branch
of “Security-Patrol” giving proud to Turkey.
100 KOM 2014 Report
KEM
//
OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES
➢ The body belonging to a person named M.K. missing for 11 months in Malatya was found
by our cadaver dogs on 03.08.2014 which contributed to shed light on the murder.
➢ As TRNC General Directorate of Police demands, TRNC Central Bank monetary means of
transport and 3 million TL in it reported to be stolen was found thanks to the activities by 2
banknote detector dogs and 3 personnel contributed in the incident.
CENTRE CONFIGURATION ACTIVITIES
All the works to be Directorate of Dog Training Centre FRONTEX (EU Border Security Agency)
Partnership Academy were conducted scrupulously, infrastructure works are given emphasis and
training areas are planted and increased by number.
KOM 2014 Report 101
International
Activities
OVERVIEW OF THE INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES
Gaining a vital importance with the concept of globalization, great increase and ease in
communication, transport, human and capital movements also became an opportunity for criminal
organizations; organizations have benefited from these driving forces in the maximum rate for
transferring their illegal activities across national borders.
In this context, countries’ sole works on their own to ensure continuous and effective achievement
against transnational organized crime threat are not possible. For such a success, the countries
should develop with comprehensive security perspective and strengthen the common understanding
of cooperation based on firm ground and without condition.
From the need for international cooperation against transnational crime movement, many attempts
and cooperation mechanisms both regional and global have been implemented. A significant
increase observed among countries in the number of initiatives which rely on intelligent/experience
exchange and also prevention/investigation of criminal activities over the last decade.
The essential conditional of fight against these profit-oriented criminal organizations which are
in cooperation and dialogue among them like at least law enforcement agencies is multilateral
international cooperation, cooperation and coordination with a long-term development strategy.
That the countries alone are insufficient in the fight against international organized crime makes
inter/supra national collaboration inevitable.
The Position of KOM Department in International Cooperation
In parallel with the increase in transborder crime activities and joint fight platforms and capabilities
of the countries are also increasing. As KOM Department, all initiatives for the development of
bilateral and multilateral cooperation in the fight against transborder organized crime are given
support and contribution due to the need of international security cooperation.
KOM 2014 Report 111
//
International Activities
An important part of the fight against criminal activities which comes in the area of the Department
is of transboundary nature. The fight against this kind of crime on a national basis is maintained
in accordance with the objectives set in a conscious and planned manner. Besides, in order to
determine the criminal organizations having international junctions together with connections abroad
within police cooperation, mechanisms for information exchange with relevant countries are used
effectively so that a continuous fight against transborder criminal organizations is provided across
national borders.
The main purpose of cooperation activities which can be divided into two groups as strategic
and operational is to ensure the establishment of a continuous, effective, comprehensive and fast
cooperation mechanism in transborder crime investigations.
Within the framework of strategic cooperation, specialist law enforcement units of the countries
mutually recognize each other; share mutual knowledge and experience in areas such as priority crime
types and effective investigation methods they have developed against them, sample operational
studies, organizational forms and technology and equipment they used during the mission.
Also, mutual evaluation is comparatively made for legal ground of the fight against crime. Thanks to
these contacts developed by the joint work culture, expert law enforcement agencies understand the
priorities, capacities and potential opportunities for cooperation of the respondent in the fight against
crime and the basis of operational co-operation are formed in the framework of these principles.
The activities of many regional and international organizations, which are in work field of the
Department, like particularly the ones conducted within United Nations (UN) and also the European
Union (EU), INTERPOL, European Council (EC), European Security and Cooperation (OSCE), Southeast
European Law Enforcement Centre (SELEC), Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization (BSEC),
Paris Pact, Group of States against Corruption (GRECO), Pompidou Group, all of which Turkey take
part in, are actively participated. In these platforms, Turkey share the progress she has made in the
fight against in the fight against transnational crimes, current trends related to crime, the problems
if existing and their solution suggestions and possible opportunities for cooperation in international
fight.
In addition to relevant international and regional organizations, cooperation mechanisms are operated
which focus on mutual exchange of operational information and training and experience-sharing with
the specialist law enforcement units of other countries on bilateral basis. The Department participates
in many international activities related to the mission field through expert law enforcement staff.
KOM Department is included in bilateral and multilateral cooperation aiming global fight against
transnational crime in the most effective manner.
The Department, sharing the experience gained in the fight against transnational organized criminal
activities on every platform as possible with other countries and international organizations, continues
its success due to the convenience brought by the bilateral and multilateral agreement on cooperation
in operational and strategic areas against transnational criminal activity. As KOM Department, the
establishment of close cooperation with organizations that undertake similar missions in different
geographies is among our prior targets.
112 KOM 2014 Report
International Activities
//
In this context, the Department has participated in a total of 258 bilateral and multilateral activities
at an international level against transborder criminal activities at home and abroad within the
scope of operational and strategic cooperation activities, international and regional institutions
and European Union cohesion activities in 2014.
Bilateral Cooperation Activities
The age we live in is an age of rapid changes. Accordingly, that the methods and techniques
followed by the criminal organizations benefiting from this change and developments become
more complex makes international cooperation more important in the effective fight against
transnational crime and makes it inevitable that countries act together by providing the necessary
coordination and uniformity.
Mainly Turkey being in intersection different dynamics geographically, many factors such as the
socio-economic changes in global terms, the war environment and political uncertainty experienced
in neighboring countries and, in addition to classic security problems due to globalization ,
terrorism, illegal migration, the presence of weapons of mass destruction under the control of
criminal organizations has increased the importance of mutual and multi-parted cooperation that
Turkey conducts in the field of security.
Our Department moving in this direction makes the multi-dimensional strategic and operational
cooperation with law enforcement agencies of many countries to improve the effectiveness of
the fight against transnational organized crime activities. In this context, legal basis of bilateral
cooperation is established with security cooperation texts signed with the facilities in 95 countries.
Besides, foreign police liaison officers in Turkey and the liaison officers serving abroad serve to
be fast and efficient cooperation between the two countries. Within strategic cooperation, some
activities carried out in 2014 are examined in the subtitles below.
Europe
Political, economic and commercial cooperation have been increasing with European countries
day by day. In addition to this, Turkish population in many European countries is an important
contribution to the formation of European cultural ties between our countries. Maintaining its
current active position in international relations, Turkey develops cooperation with European
countries in all areas.
In this context, to develop cooperation opportunities several mutual visits held in 2014 with the law
endorsement agencies of Germany, Austria, Czech Republic, France, Holland, United Kingdom,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Italy, TRNC, Moldova, Russian Federation, Slovakia and Greece.
KOM 2014 Report 113
//
International Activities
Balkans
That the importance of bilateral and multi-dimensional political/economic relations carried out
in all areas with Balkan countries which are in the position of the door to the European for us
geographically is increasing day by day is an undeniable fact. Turkey and the Balkan countries,
historical and cultural ties between the peoples of today are still important.
Acting in line with the full regional ownership and inclusiveness principles,Turkey attaches great
importance to the development of existing relations with the Balkan countries and maintain good
relations with all the countries in the region.
In this context, the bilateral security cooperation activities with Macedonia, Romania and Serbia
continued in 2014 and certain development achieved against transborder crimes.
Middle East and North Africa
Because of mutual history, cultural and social proximity, the developments in Middle East concerns
Turkey much. Turkey has followed multi-dimensional and constructive foreign policy to solve the
matters of local community and also has an active role to overcome crisis of this region.
In this context, Turkey has tried to enhance relationship and strength cooperation with Middle
Eastern countries both in the framework of bilateral security cooperation and also in multilateral
platforms.
In this context, primarily educations with United Arab Emirates, Palestine, Kuwait, Tunisia, Jordan
and Oman, meetings seminars and events were organized in various fields in 2014 within the
issues included in the area of KOM’s responsibility.
South Caucasia
The deep-rooted history and cultural ties between South Caucasia and Turkey make the stability,
the peace and prosperity of the other countries in the region more important for Turkey. Turkey
continues to develop the bilateral and multilateral relations with the countries in the region with
countries in the region in every field. With reciprocal high-level visits, political and economic
relations are based on a more solid foundation.
In this context, meetings, seminars and events were organized in various areas with Azerbaijan,
Georgia and Nakhichevan within the issues included in the area of KOM Department’s responsibility.
Central Asia
Turkey is following a policy toward the Central Asian countries to become countries which are
independent, consistent in economy and politics, in cooperation with neighbours, providing their
integration with developing world.
114 KOM 2014 Report
International Activities
//
Turkey shares its concerns about the radical groups, drug and arm smuggling and terrorism which
are threatenning and security of the Central Asian republics.
In this context, meetings, seminars and events were organized in various areas in 2014 with
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the other countries in the region.
South Asia
South Asia is a significant region containing Afghanistan, which is the source of heroin which
has negative impacts on the whole world in terms of security. Drug smuggling, originating from
Afghanistan, is not only limited to the countries in the region, but also it threats the security of other
countries.
In this context, the Department support actively actively all kinds of bilateral, regional and
international initiatives to develop its relations and cooperation with South Asian countries mainly
in the fight against the Afghan drug issue. In the field of fight against the transborder organized
crimes, primarily heroin smuggling, our security cooperation activities conducted with Afghanistan,
Iran and Pakistan has also continued intensively in 2014.
Africa
In accordance with the “Opening up to Africa Action Plan” which was adopted by Turkey, it was
aimed to develop and diversify the relationship with African countries in many areas. Bilateral
security cooperation for such transborder crimes as the fight against transborder crimes such
as terrorism, piracy, drug smuggling, migrant smuggling, human trafficking, arm and ammunition
smuggling and money laundry is supported by KOM Department through active participation and
contribution to the activities carried out in 2014.
America
Conducted within the context of transatlantic ties and various allied relations, bilateral cooperation
activities against the transborder crimes, primarily drug smuggling, with the United States, Canada
and Mexico have been actively participated by the Department.
East Asia and Pacific
Relationships with countries in the East Asia and Pacific region have developed markedly in 2014
in terms of fight against transborder organized crimes. Bilateral cooperation activities on security
field with the Republic of China, an important country due to its significant developing economy,
and Japan, having a huge power in economic sense, have been important for Turkey.
In this context, in 2014 activities such as meetings and seminars with Bangladesh and China, from
the regional countries, were organized.
KOM 2014 Report 115
//
International Activities
18%
EUROPE/TURKEY
USA
CENTRAL ASIA
9%
46%
MIDDLE EAST
BALKANS
SOUTH CAUCASIA
6%
SOUTH ASIA
AFRICA
5%
EAST ASIA-PACIFIC
4%
4%
4%
4%
Graphic 1: In 2014; Within Europe, the Balkans, the Middle East, South Caucasia, Central Asia,
South Caucasia, Africa, the Far East, America, East Asia and Pacific Countries,
The Percentage of the Domestic and International Activities
Table 1: In 2014, the Numbers of Domestic/Overseas Activities as per the Regions Participated
REGIONS
NUMBER OF ACTIVITY
Europe / Turkey
51
Balkans
6
Middle East
7
South Caucasia
5
Central Asia
10
South Asia
4
Africa
4
America
20
East Asia-Pacific
4
Total
111
Multilateral Cooperation Activities
Within the scope of its jurisdiction, KOM Department attaches great importance to take part in projects,
meetings, seminars and training activities organized by the international and regional organizations.
In 2014, prominent developments regarding the international institutions can be summarized as
below:
1. Within Paris Pact Initiative operating in the field of fight against drug trafficking in
Afghanistan and coordinated by United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) expert
group meeting was held in Antalya on 18-19 February 2014 on “Reinforcement of Regional
Initiatives in the Fight Against Afghanistan-based Drug”.
116 KOM 2014 Report
International Activities
//
In the meeting participated by experts from Paris Pact member countries, United Nations
Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and many international organizations, Afghanistan
based drug problem has been dealt with an international dimension and steps towards a
more effective cooperation.
2. UMK 57th Meeting was held in Vienna; in the secretariat of the United Nations Office on
Drugs and Crime (UNODC), with the participation of member and observer countries and
relevant organizations and non-governmental organizations on 17 -21 March 2014. The
meeting was attended by more than 1000 participants from 100 countries, and a delegation
of (4) people from the Department.
3. Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice (CCPCJ) 23th Period Session was
held with great interest and participation of UN bodies, countries, international organizations,
universities, NGOs and independent authority in Vienna from May 12 to 16, 2014. The
meeting was participated by KOM Department as well.
4. IDEC Conference by US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) on 17-19 June 2014 held
in Rome/Italy was participated with a delegation of 2 people from KOM Department.
5. ‘Political Consultative Group Meeting’ held in Vienna/Austria on 29-30 September 2014
within Paris Pact Initiative operating in the field of fight against drug trafficking in Afghanistan
was participated by (2) people from the Department.
6. Sub-commission on Illicit Drug Traffic and Related Matters in the Near and Middle East
(OYUTAK) 49th meeting was held in Vienna on 10-13 November 2014. The meeting having
participant of all countries in a wide geography from Afghanistan to Morocco and Yemen
was attended by 2 people from the Department.
7. The meeting held with Police Cooperation Convention for Southeast Europe (PCC-SEE) and
Bulgaria cooperation on 08-10 December 2014 in Bulgaria / Sofia on the subject of “Human
Trafficking and Illegal Migration” was joined by 2 people from the Department.
Activities of the European Union
So far, (5) separate twinning projects jointly carried out with EU has been successfully completed.
Finally, ‘ Project for Strengthening Investigation Capacity of Turkish National Police and Gendarmerie
in Fight against Organized Crime’ starting in 2010 was concluded successfully on July 4, 2012.
In 2014, (7) project applications within 2nd period covering the years 2014-2020 of the European
Union Pre-Accession Assistance (IPA) have been made by the Department.
Important activities that occur within the European Union in 2014:
1. Within EU Technical Assistance and Information Exchange Instrument (TAIEX) covered, the
visit held in Spain in 20 - 22 May 2014 on “Operational Cooperation Between Police Liaison
Officer and Regional and International Organizations in Fight against Organized Crime “ was
participated by (3) people from the Department.
KOM 2014 Report 117
//
International Activities
During the visit, presentations made by officials from the Spanish Interior Ministry of
International Police Cooperation Department (SGCP), Colombian National Police (CNP),
the Guardian Civil (GC), Organized Crime Intelligence Centre (CICO), General Directorate of
the Judicial Police, Organized Crime and Drug Centres Unit (UDYCO), GC Judicial Police
Unit (UTPJ), GC Central Action and Operations Unit (UCO) and positive gains are achieved
forTurkey and organization.
2. Conducted within the 2014 activities of European Police College (CEPOL), ‘Cocaine and
heroin traffic’ exchange program in Romania on 12-17 October 2014 within Staff Exchange
Program was participated by (1) personnel from theDepartment.
During the exchange program, the official authorities have expressed their satisfaction from
the fact they have an important and effective cooperation with Turkey on fight against drug
and ready to do even further for their part as country.
3. ‘Meeting of EMCDDA Board’ by European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction
(EMCDDA) was participated by (2) staff working in the Department.
Signed between the European Union and the Republic of Turkey on 30 October 2007,
‘Agreement between European Community and Republic of Turkey concerning the
Participation of the Republic of Turkey in EMCDDA works’ has entered fully into force as of
June 01, 2014. In accordance with this Agreement,Turkey has been invited for the first time
to the Meeting of EMCDDA Board of Directors.
118 KOM 2014 Report
International Activities
//
Table 2: The numbers of activities participated at home and abroad within the EU and international
/regional organizations
International Organizations and European Union
Institutions
Number of Activities
EUROPEAN UNION
25
UNITED NATIONS
17
IAEA
11
SELEC
11
OECD
8
COUNCIL OF EUROPE
8
OSCE
7
EMCDDA
7
INTERPOL
6
EUROPOL
6
FRONTEX
6
TAIEX
5
NATO
2
ECO
2
OTHER INSTITUTIONS
26
TOTAL
147
17%
12%
OTHER INSTITUTIONS
EU
UN
8%
IAEA
SELEC
OECD
18%
COUNCIL OF EUROPE
8%
OSCE
EMCDDA
INTERPOL
EUROPOL
1%
5%
1%
3%
4%
5%
4%
4%
5%
5%
FRONTEX
TAIEX
NATO
ECO
Graphic-2: Percentage Distribution of Activities held at home and abroad in 2014 within the International
Organizations and EU
KOM 2014 Report 119
Strategic Research
and Evaluation
Activities
OVERVIEW OF THE STRATEGIC RESEARCH
AND EVALUATION ACTIVITIES
Strategic Research and Evaluation Division is assigned to implement coordination activities regarding
strategic decisions and application of these decisions taken by the KOM Department; evaluation
of regulation studies which relate with the KOM Divisions, both the activities regarding action plans
both directly conducted by KOM Department and supported in actions, the activities conducted in
accordance to Public Financial Management and Control Law no. 5018 , and publication of bulletins
and annual reports regarding the fighting activities.
In this scope, in 2014, the KOM department has contributed number of studies concerning regulations
in the active area; memorandum and order letters have been drown; Unit Activity Report to be ground
for EGM Administration Activity Report has been prepared and 49th Strategic Research Board (SAK)
Meeting was held with the participation of Provincial KOM Unit and KOM Department represents
together.
In the framework of the Course of Action Plan for Fight Against Organized Crimes (2013-2015),
which was endorsed by the prime ministry on September 02, 2013, several meetings were held with
the responsible institutions and representatives and the activities conducted were reported and kept
ready to send to KİHBİ Department.
In the scope of the publication works, 2013 KOM Report prepared in both Turkish and English was
published in KOM Activity
Bulletin’s 10th Issue covering the period of January - April 2014; and its 11th Issue covering the period
of May-August and shared with the relevant departments.
SAK MEETINGS
Strategic Research Board (SAK) which is commissioned for determination of fighting methods for
smuggling and organized crime; establishing service policies; and providing coordination, is required
to meet on regular manner with participation of relevant units and divisions based on the 23rd Article of
the Regulation of Foundation, Duty and Operation of the Central and Remote Units of Turkish National
Police, Division of Fight against Smuggling and Organized Crime with the contribution of Provincial
KOM represents and KOM Department representatives.
KOM 2014 Report 121
//
Strategic Research and Evaluation Activities
The board which commenced its activities started on 02/10/1998 has arranged (49) meetings until
today. The latest meeting of Strategic Research Board, 49th meeting was held in Antalya on 25-30
January 2015.
At the meeting, strategic objectives for 2015 has been identified from the evaluation of the activities
carried out in 2014. These strategic objectives were reported and announced to the central and
provincial units of KOM Department by means of getting Regulatory Approval.
PUBLICATION ACTIVITIES
2013 KOM Report
Annual Activity Reports including operational activities, training
activities and international relationships, and information concerning
other activities implemented by the KOM Department since 1994
at the domestic and international level are published in both Turkish
and English. These reports are treated as important documents since
they show the current situation in terms of fight against smuggling and
organized crime.
In this context, KOM Report prepared for the activities of 2013 was
completed in July 2014 and distributed to related institutions, organizations
and units Related institutions.
Faal
iye
Bült t
en
NİZE
S UÇL AR
LA
METE
ÖZEL
MÜ
C
E
EL
AD
M
E BAŞ KA
DA İR
NL
IĞ
I
K A ÇA KÇ
I LI
KV
E
HİZ
GA
OR
K
EGM
201
4 MA
YIS
- AĞ
USTO
i
S SA
YI: 11
EMNİ
KAÇA
YET
KÇILIK
LİYET
FAA
Since 2011, through KOM Activity Bulletins published with “Restricted”
secrecy level in 4-month-period, creating create a certain level of
awareness in the activities of the fight against smuggling and organized
crime, strengthening the institutional consciousness and enabling
the Turkish Police Department and other KOM Divisions to be fed
information concerning the activities of the KOM as well were aimed.
BÜLTE
Nİ 201
4 MA
YIS
- AĞ
USTO
S SA
YI: 11
Activity Bulletins
GE
NEL
ve OR
MÜD
GA
DAİRE NİZE SU
ÜRLÜ
BAŞK ÇLAR
ĞÜ
ANLIĞ LA MÜ
CADE
I
n: 0.3
LE
12
0.312 462 72
50
www.k 417
06
www.e om.gov.tr 21
gm.go
v.tr
Telefo
Faks:
In this scope, KOM Activity Bulletins consisted of statistical data on operational activities,
evaluations of crime trends, training and international activities, and articles issued by the KOM
personnel were published in the 10th Issue which covers period of the January-April 2014; and the
11th Issue which covers period of the May – August and distributed to the relevant institutions.
KOM Activity Bulletin published upon the Approval by Turkish National Police, began to be
published digitally from the 11th issue, referring newly received authority approval. In this context,
the 11th issue of KOM Annual Bulletin was published on KOM-NET and next issues will be released
digitally in the same way.
122 KOM 2014 Report